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Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 30, 2013
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies:

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are unaudited and have been prepared by Lattice Semiconductor Corporation (“Lattice,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and in our opinion include all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair statement of results for the interim periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2012.

We report based on a 52 or 53-week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to December 31. Our first quarter of fiscal 2013 and first quarter of fiscal 2012 ended on March 30, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively. All references to quarterly or three months ended financial results are references to the results for the relevant fiscal period.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Lattice and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly owned, after the elimination of all intercompany balances and transactions. Certain balances in prior fiscal years have been reclassified to conform to the presentation adopted in the current year.

Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities

We consider all investments that are readily convertible into cash and have original maturities of three months or less, to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments in time deposits or money market accounts and are carried at cost. We account for marketable securities as available for sale with unrealized gains or losses recorded to Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), unless losses are considered other-than-temporary, in which case, losses are charged to the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

We invest in various financial instruments including corporate and government bonds, notes, commercial paper and auction rate securities. The Company values these instruments at their fair value and monitors their portfolio for impairment on a periodic basis. In the event that the carrying value of an investment exceeds its fair value and the decline in value is determined to be other than temporary, the Company records an impairment charge and establishes a new carrying value. We assess other-than-temporary impairment of marketable securities in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.” The framework under the provisions of ASC 820 establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value. Each level of input has different levels of subjectivity and difficulty involved in determining fair value.
    
Level 1 instruments are characterized generally by quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. Therefore, determining fair value for Level 1 instruments generally does not require significant management judgment, and the estimation is not difficult.

Level 2 instruments include inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices for identical instruments in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 instruments include unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Our auction rate securities are classified as Level 3 instruments. Management uses a combination of the market and income approach to derive the fair value of auction rate securities, which include third party valuation results, investment broker provided market information and available information on the credit quality of the underlying collateral. As a result, the determination of fair value for Level 3 instruments requires significant management judgment and subjectivity. Our Level 3 instruments are classified as Long-term marketable securities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and are entirely made up of auction rate securities that consist of student loan asset-backed notes. Such loans are insured by the federal government or guaranteed by the Federal Family Educational Loan Program ("FFELP"). Fair value measurement may be sensitive to various unobservable inputs such as the ability of students to repay their loans, or change in the provision of government guarantees policy toward guaranteeing loan repayment. If students are unable to pay back their loans or the government changes its policy, our investments may be further impaired.

Foreign Exchange and Translation of Foreign Currencies

A portion of our silicon wafer and other purchases are denominated in Japanese yen and we bill certain Japanese customers in yen. Gains or losses from foreign exchange rate fluctuations on balances denominated in foreign currencies are reflected in Other (expense) income, net. Realized and unrealized gains or losses on foreign currency transactions were not significant for the periods presented. We translate accounts denominated in foreign currencies in accordance with ASC 830, “Foreign Currency Matters” using the current rate method, under which asset and liability accounts are translated at the current rate, while stockholders' equity accounts are translated at the appropriate historical rates, and revenue and expense accounts are translated at average monthly exchange rates. Translation adjustments related to the consolidation of foreign subsidiary financial statements are reflected in Accumulated other comprehensive loss in Stockholders' equity.

Derivative Financial Instruments

At March 30, 2013 and December 29, 2012, we had open foreign exchange contracts of 100,000,000 JPY and 150,000,000 JPY, respectively. The contracts outstanding at March 30, 2013 and December 29, 2012 were settled in April 2013 and January 2013, respectively. Although such hedges mitigate our foreign currency exchange rate exposure from an economic perspective, they were not designated as "effective" hedges for accounting purposes and are adjusted to fair value through earnings, with an impact of less than $0.1 million for the periods reported. We do not hold or issue derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Concentration Risk

Potential exposure to concentration risk consists primarily of cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, trade receivables and supply of wafers for our new products. We place our investments primarily through three financial institutions and mitigate the concentration of credit risk by limiting the maximum portion of the investment portfolio which may be invested in any one instrument. The Company's investment policy defines approved credit ratings for investment securities. Investments on-hand consisted primarily of money market instruments, “AA” or better corporate notes and bonds, and U.S. government agency obligations. See Note 4 for a discussion of the liquidity attributes of our marketable securities.
 
 
Concentration of credit risk with respect to trade receivables are mitigated by a geographically diverse customer base and our credit and collection process. Accounts receivable do not bear interest, and are shown net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $1.2 million and $1.1 million at March 30, 2013 and December 29, 2012, respectively. We perform credit evaluations for essentially all customers and secure transactions with letters of credit or advance payments where appropriate. We regularly review our allowance for doubtful accounts and the aging of our accounts receivable. Write-offs for uncollected trade receivables have not been significant to date.

We rely on a limited number of foundries for our wafer purchases including: Fujitsu Limited, Seiko Epson Corporation Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd, United Microelectronics Corporation, and GLOBALFOUNDRIES.

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Income
    
We sell our products directly to end customers or through a network of independent manufacturers' representatives and indirectly through a network of independent sell-in and sell-through distributors. Distributors provide periodic data regarding the product, price, quantity, and end customer when products are resold, as well as the quantities of our products they still have in stock.

Revenue from sales to original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") or sell-in distributors is recognized upon shipment. Revenue from sales by our sell-through distributors is recognized at the time of reported resale. Under both types of revenue recognition, persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable, title has transferred, collection of resulting receivables is reasonably assured, there are no remaining customer acceptance requirements and no remaining significant performance obligations.

Orders from our sell-through distributors are initially recorded at published list prices; however, for a majority of our sales, the final selling price is determined at the time of resale and in accordance with a distributor price agreement. In certain circumstances, we allow sell-through distributors to return unsold products. At times, we protect our sell-through distributors against reductions in published list prices. For these reasons, we do not recognize revenue until products are resold by sell-through distributors to an end customer.

For sell-through distributors, at the time of shipment to distributors, we (a) record Accounts receivable, net at published list price since there is a legally enforceable obligation from the distributor to pay us currently for product delivered, (b) relieve inventory for the carrying value of goods shipped since legal title has passed to the distributor, and (c) record deferred revenue and deferred cost of sales in Deferred income and allowances on sales to sell-through distributors in the liability section of our consolidated balance sheets. The final price is set at the time of resale and is determined in accordance with a distributor price agreement. Revenue and cost of products sold to sell-through distributors are deferred until either the product is resold by the distributor or, in certain cases, return privileges terminate, at which time Revenue and Cost of products sold are reflected in Net Income (loss), and Accounts receivable are adjusted to reflect the final selling price.

The components of Deferred income and allowances on sales to sell-through distributors are presented in the following table (in thousands):
 
 
March 30,
2013
 
December 29,
2012
Inventory valued at published list price and held by sell-through distributors with right of return
 
$
39,093

 
$
38,623

Allowance for distributor advances
 
(22,000
)
 
(22,450
)
Deferred cost of sales related to inventory held by sell-through distributors
 
(5,437
)
 
(5,620
)
Total Deferred income and allowances on sales to sell-through distributors
 
$
11,656

 
$
10,553



We expect a significant portion of our revenue in fiscal 2013 will be from sell-through distributors. For the first quarter of the fiscal year 2013 and the fiscal year ended 2012, resale of product by sell-through distributors as a percentage of our total revenue was 49%, and 61%, respectively.

We must use estimates and apply judgment to reconcile sell-through distributors' reported inventories to their activities. Errors in our estimates or judgments could result in inaccurate reporting of our Revenue, Cost of products sold, Deferred income and allowances on sales to sell-through distributors, and Net Income (loss).

Revenue from software licensing was not material for the periods presented.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and classification of assets, such as marketable securities, accounts receivable, inventory, auction rate securities, goodwill - including the assessment of reporting unit, intangible assets, current and deferred income taxes, accrued liabilities - including restructuring charges and bonus arrangements, deferred income and allowances on sales to sell-through distributors, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the fiscal periods presented. Actual results could differ from those estimates.