Confirming Statement

I, as Reporting Person of Putnam Investment Management,
LLC and/or Putnam, LLC, the Issuer's Investment Adviser
and Indirect Parent Holding Company, respectively, hereby
authorize and designate each and every Managing Director,
Senior Vice President and Vice President in the Putnam
Investments Legal and Compliance Department to file SEC
Exchange Act Forms 3, 4 or 5 on my behalf until further
notice in electronic format pursuant to Rule 101(b)(4) of
Regulation S-T.

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/s/  Amrit Kanwal