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Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets, Net
 6 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
GOODWILL AND OTHER IDENTIFIABLE INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET
Amortizable intangible assets were (in thousands):
 March 31, 2024September 30, 2023
Gross
carrying
amount		Accum.
amort.		NetGross
carrying
amount		Accum.
amort.		Net
Purchased and core technology$85,038 $(61,745)$23,293 $85,032 $(59,833)$25,199 
License agreements112 (112)— 112 (112)— 
Patents and trademarks40,091 (20,953)19,138 39,957 (19,888)20,069 
Customer relationships309,222 (86,770)222,452 309,196 (77,380)231,816 
Non-compete agreements600 (600)— 600 (600)— 
Order backlog1,000 (1,000)— 1,000 (1,000)— 
Total$436,063 $(171,180)$264,883 $435,897 $(158,813)$277,084 

Amortization expense for intangible assets was $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $12.3 million and $12.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense is recorded on our condensed consolidated statements of operations within cost of sales and in general and administrative expense.
Estimated amortization expense related to intangible assets for the remainder of fiscal 2024 and the five succeeding fiscal years is (in thousands):
2024 (six months)$13,023 
202521,780 
202621,548 
202720,593 
202820,411 
202918,355 
4. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET (CONTINUED)
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segments are (in thousands):
 Six months ended March 31, 2024
 IoT
Products & Services		IoT
Solutions		Total
Balance on September 30, 2023$173,957 $167,636 $341,593 
Foreign currency translation adjustment400 29 429 
Balance on March 31, 2024$174,357 $167,665 $342,022 
Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net identifiable assets acquired. Goodwill is quantitatively tested for impairment on an annual basis as of June 30, or more frequently if events or circumstances occur which could indicate impairment. We continue to have two reportable segments, IoT Products & Services and IoT Solutions (see Note 6). Our IoT Products & Services segment is structured to include four reporting units, each with a reporting manager: Cellular Routers, Console Servers, OEM Solutions and Infrastructure Management. Following our acquisition of Ventus in November 2021, we have two reporting units within IoT Solutions: SmartSense and Ventus. Each of these segments was tested individually for impairment during our annual impairment test completed in the third fiscal quarter of fiscal 2023.

Assumptions and estimates to determine fair values under the income and market approaches are complex and often subjective. They can be affected by a variety of factors. These include external factors such as industry and economic trends. They also include internal factors such as changes in our business strategy and our internal forecasts. Changes in circumstances or a potential event could affect the estimated fair values negatively. If our future operating results do not meet current forecasts or if we experience a sustained decline in our market capitalization that is determined to be indicative of a reduction in fair value of one or more of our reporting units within either of our segments, we may be required to record future impairment charges for goodwill.

Digi conducted an analysis as of March 31, 2024 and concluded changes in market conditions from the time of the fiscal 2023 test, conducted as of June 30, 2023, were not indicative of a reduction in fair value below carrying value of any of our reporting units.
Results of our Fiscal 2023 Annual Impairment Test
As of June 30, 2023, we had a total of $32.7 million of goodwill for the Cellular Routers reporting unit, $57.1 million of goodwill for the Console Servers reporting unit, $64.6 million of goodwill for the OEM Solutions reporting unit, $20.4 million of goodwill for the Infrastructure Management reporting unit, $48.9 million of goodwill for the SmartSense reporting unit and $118.6 million of goodwill for the Ventus reporting unit. At June 30, 2023, the fair value of goodwill exceeded the carrying value for all six reporting units and no impairment was recorded.