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Note 1: Nature of Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies: Allowance For Loan Losses (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Policies  
Allowance For Loan Losses

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings.  Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectibility of a loan balance is confirmed.  Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance.

 

The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular basis by management and is based upon management’s periodic review of the collectibility of the loans in light of historical experience, the nature and volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions.  This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.

 

The allowance consists of allocated and general components.  The allocated component relates to loans that are classified as impaired.  For those loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan.  The general component covers nonclassified loans and is based on historical charge-off experience and expected loss given default derived from the Company’s internal risk rating process.  Other adjustments may be made to the allowance for pools of loans after an assessment of internal or external influences on credit quality that are not fully reflected in the historical loss or risk rating data.

 

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  The Company determines which loans are reviewed for impairment based on various analyses including annual reviews of large loan relationships, calculations of loan debt coverage ratios as financial information is obtained, weekly past-due meetings, quarterly reviews of all loans over $1.0 million and quarterly reviews of watch list credits by management.  In accordance with regulatory guidelines, impairment in the consumer loan portfolio is primarily identified by past-due status.  Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired.  Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.  Payments made on impaired loans are treated in accordance with the accrual status of the loan.  If loans are performing in accordance with their contractual terms but the ultimate collectability of principal and interest is questionable, payments are applied to principal only.  Impairment is measured on a loan-by-loan basis for commercial and construction loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, the loan’s obtainable market price or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.

 

Large groups of smaller balance homogenous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment.  Accordingly, the Bank does not separately identify consumer loans for impairment disclosures unless they have been specifically identified through the classification process.