(9) Share-Based Payment Arrangements

As of December 31, 2016, the Company had two employee equity incentive plans, the 2002 employee stock option and stock incentive plan (the “ESOSIP”) and the 2011 equity incentive plan (the “2011 EIP”). No further grants can be made under the ESOSIP. The Company also has a stock compensation plan for members of its Board of Directors, the Amended and Restated 2013 Directors Stock Compensation Plan (as amended and restated as of May 17, 2016, the “2013 DSCP”). 6,000,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock were authorized for issuance under the 2011 EIP and 115,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock were authorized for issuance under the 2013 DSCP. The ESOSIP, 2011 EIP and 2013 DSCP are each referred to herein as a “Plan,” and, collectively, as the “Plans.” Amounts recognized in the financial statements with respect to these Plans are as follows (in thousands):


	Fiscal Years
	2016			2015			2014
Total cost of the Plans during the period	$	2,747		$	6,925		$	6,797
Amount of related income tax benefit recognized during the period		(1,238	)		(2,432	)		(3,171	)

Net cost of the Plans during the period	$	1,509		$	4,493		$	3,626

Included in income tax benefits recognized in the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and December 26, 2015 were income tax benefits of $451,000 and $383,000, respectively, recognized on disqualifying dispositions of the Company’s Common Stock by employees who obtained shares of Common Stock through exercises of incentive stock options.

As of December 31, 2016, there were 86,572 shares of the Company’s Common Stock reserved for issuance under the 2013 DSCP and 5,000,732 shares of the Company’s Common Stock reserved for issuance in the aggregate under the ESOSIP and 2011 EIP.

Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes information regarding the Company’s outstanding restricted stock unit (“RSU”) awards under the Plans:


	Number of			Weighted Average Grant Date
	RSUs			Fair Value
Outstanding at December 28, 2013		308,007		$	49.63
Granted		146,000		$	53.11
Vested		(24,641	)	$	51.47
Forfeited		(3,736	)	$	49.53

Outstanding at December 27, 2014		425,630		$	50.72
Granted		111,922		$	53.30
Vested		(91,382	)	$	51.98
Forfeited		(2,013	)	$	52.81

Outstanding at December 26, 2015		444,157		$	51.10
Granted		79,948		$	51.58
Vested		(81,344	)	$	53.08
Forfeited		(64,523	)	$	52.99

Outstanding at December 31, 2016		378,238		$	50.46

During fiscal years 2014, 2015 and 2016, the Company granted RSUs with a performance condition. During fiscal year 2015, the Company also issued RSUs with a market condition, as further described below.

RSUs with a performance condition vest over a 5 year period from the date of grant based on growth in operating income and diluted earnings per share as compared to a base year, being the year immediately preceding the year of grant. RSUs with a performance condition granted on January 29, 2016 may vest on January 31 of 2019, 2020 and 2021 based on growth in operating income and diluted earnings per share from continuing operations as compared to the results from the 2015 fiscal year. At the time of grant, the target number of common shares available for issuance under the January 29, 2016 and January 27, 2015 grants equals 100% of the number of RSUs granted, and the maximum number of common shares available for issuance under the January 29, 2016 and January 27, 2015 grants equals 200% of the number of RSUs granted. In the event actual results exceed the target, the number of shares that will be granted will exceed the number of RSUs granted. The maximum number of common shares available for issuance under grants made prior to 2015 equals 100% of the number of RSUs granted. The fair value of an RSU with a performance condition was determined based on the market value of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of grant, discounted for lack of marketability for a minimum post-vesting holding requirement. The discount rate due to lack of marketability used for RSU award grants with a performance condition for all periods was 7%. With respect to RSU awards with a performance condition, the Company reports compensation expense over the life of the award based on an estimated number of units that will vest over the life of the award, multiplied by the fair value of an RSU.

On May 1, 2015, the Company granted 20,000 RSUs that vest based on a market condition. These RSUs may vest on April 30 of 2019, 2020 and 2021 based on the Company’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) compound annual growth rate over the vesting periods, adjusted to reflect dividends (if any) paid during such periods and capital adjustments as may be necessary. The target number of common shares available for issuance under the May 1, 2015 grant equals 100% of the number of RSUs granted, and the maximum number of common shares available for issuance under the May 1, 2015 grant equals 150% of the number of RSUs granted. In the event actual results exceed the target TSR compound annual growth rate, the number of shares that will be granted will exceed the number of RSUs granted. The fair value of this RSU award was determined at the time of grant based on the expected achievement of the market condition at the end of each vesting period. With respect to these RSU awards with a market condition, compensation expense is recognized ratably over the requisite service period under an award based on the fair market value of the award at the time of grant, regardless of whether the market condition is satisfied. Previously recognized compensation cost would be reversed, however, if the employee terminated employment prior to completing such requisite service period.

The Company recognized approximately $849,000, $4,943,000 and $4,443,000 of share-based compensation expense related to RSU awards in fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, there was a maximum of $27 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSU awards granted under the Plans with an expected average remaining life of approximately 2.6 years. Included in the $27 million of total unrecognized compensation cost is $2.4 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to 54,102 unvested units granted in 2012, which forfeited during the first fiscal quarter of 2017. With respect to RSU awards with a performance condition, the amount of future compensation expense to be recognized will be determined based on future operating results.

Stock Options

Options granted under the Plans generally become exercisable in either five equal annual installments commencing on the first anniversary of the date of grant or 100% on the fifth anniversary from the date of grant, subject to acceleration in certain circumstances. All options granted under the Plans expire on the tenth anniversary of the date of grant. Under the Plans, the exercise price of each option equals the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of grant.

The fair value of each option grant on its grant date was calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for the grant made in fiscal year 2014:


Expected volatility		26.0%
Expected dividend yield		0.43%
Risk-free interest rate		1.50%
Expected lives (in years)		4.0

The Company utilizes historical data, including exercise patterns and employee departure behavior, in estimating the term that options will be outstanding. Expected volatility was based on historical volatility and other factors, such as expected changes in volatility arising from planned changes to the Company’s business, if any. The risk-free interest rate was based on the yield of zero coupon U.S. Treasury bonds for terms that approximated the terms of the options granted. The weighted average grant date fair value of stock options granted during fiscal year 2014 was $12.70 per share.

The following table summarizes information regarding the Company’s outstanding stock options under the Plans:


	Options Outstanding					Options Exercisable
	Number of Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Number of Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
Options at December 28, 2013		1,454,816		$	44.55		693,516	$	42.29
Granted		1,000		$	58.06
Exercised		(615,077	)	$	41.27
Forfeited		(66,900	)	$	47.51

Options at December 27, 2014		773,839		$	46.92		379,389	$	44.61
Exercised		(133,518	)	$	45.25
Forfeited		(3,100	)	$	52.91

Options at December 26, 2015		637,221		$	47.24		415,121	$	45.12
Exercised		(257,460	)	$	45.63
Forfeited		(7,200	)	$	53.63

Options at December 31, 2016		372,561		$	48.24		282,461	$	46.39

The following tables summarize stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2016:


	Options Outstanding
Range of Exercise Prices Per Share	Number Outstanding		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
$35.64 - $40.00		48,719	2.6	$	36.96
$40.01 - $45.00		95,888	3.5	$	41.76
$45.01 - $58.06		227,954	5.3	$	53.37

		372,561	4.5	$	48.24


	Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices Per Share	Number Exercisable		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
$35.64 - $40.00		48,719	2.6	$	36.96
$40.01 - $45.00		95,888	3.5	$	41.76
$45.01 - $56.40		137,854	5.1	$	52.94

		282,461	4.1	$	46.39

At December 31, 2016, the total intrinsic value of options outstanding was $13,809,000. At December 31, 2016, the total intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable was $10,991,000. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $7,427,000, $2,954,000 and $14,573,000, respectively.

As of December 31, 2016, there was $365,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the Plans. The unrecognized compensation cost related to these non-vested options is expected to be recognized during 2017.

Non-vested Restricted Stock

The 2011 EIP provides the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors with the authority to issue shares of Common Stock of the Company, subject to certain vesting and other restrictions on transfer (“restricted stock”).

The following table summarizes information regarding the Company’s outstanding non-vested restricted stock under the Plans:


	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 28, 2013		38,193		$	46.75
Granted		7,124		$	63.17
Vested		(19,196	)	$	41.85
Forfeited		(2,768	)	$	54.20

Outstanding at December 27, 2014		23,353		$	54.90
Granted		1,197		$	62.46
Vested		(6,490	)	$	57.79

Outstanding at December 26, 2015		18,060		$	54.36
Granted		26,033		$	58.53
Vested		(15,684	)	$	53.03

Outstanding at December 31, 2016		28,409		$	58.91

The fair value of each share of non-vested restricted stock issued under the Plans is based on the fair value of a share of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of grant. Shares of non-vested restricted stock are generally subject to vesting in three equal annual installments or 100% on the first, third or fifth anniversary of the date of the grant. The shares of restricted stock remain subject to forfeiture unless the grantee remains continuously employed with the Company or a subsidiary thereof through the applicable vesting date.

As of December 31, 2016, there was $953,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested shares of restricted stock granted under the Plans. The unrecognized compensation cost related to these non-vested shares of restricted stock is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.6 years.

Directors’ Stock Compensation Plan

Commencing as of the 2016 annual meeting of the stockholders of the Company (an “Annual Meeting”), Directors of the Company who are not employees of the Company (each an “Eligible Director”) are entitled under the 2013 DSCP to receive a grant of such number of restricted shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to the quotient of $110,000 divided by the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the date immediately following the date of each Annual Meeting. With respect to the 2016 Annual Meeting only, each Eligible Director who was designated as a Class III director instead received a number of shares equal to the quotient of $35,000 divided by the fair market value of a share of Common Stock. Prior to the 2016 Annual Meeting, upon election or re-election to the Board of Directors for a three year term, Eligible Directors received a grant of such number of restricted shares of the Company’s Common Stock equal to the quotient of $225,000 divided by the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the date immediately following the date of such Eligible Director’s re-election or election to the Board. In fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, 7,762, 1,197 and 7,124 restricted shares, respectively, were granted to Eligible Directors. Restricted shares granted in 2016 vest on the date of the next Annual Meeting. Restricted shares granted prior to 2016 generally vest in three equal annual installments on the first three annual anniversary dates of the date of grant. During fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, $591,000, $419,000 and $331,000, respectively, of compensation cost was recorded for the grant of these restricted shares.