REVENUE

The Company’s principal sources of revenue are from the sale of hardware, software, hardware and software maintenance contracts, and end-to-end solutions, encompassing design, manufacture, test, integration and installation of products. The Company also derives recurring revenue from subscriptions, which are comprised of subscription fees from customers utilizing the Company’s cloud-based video processing solutions.

The Company’s revenue is classified into two categories in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations, which are “Appliance and integration” and “SaaS and service.” The “Appliance and integration” revenue category includes hardware, licenses and professional services and is reflective of non-recurring revenue, while the “SaaS and service” category includes usage fees for the Company’s SaaS platform and support revenue stream from the Company’s appliance-based customers and reflects the Company’s recurring revenue stream.

Significant Judgments. The Company has revenue arrangements that include promises to transfer multiple products and services to a customer. The Company may exercise significant judgment when determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together.

The Company has revenue arrangements that include multiple performance obligations. The Company allocates the transaction price to all separate performance obligations based on the relative standalone selling prices (“SSP”) of each obligation. The Company’s best evidence for SSP is the price the Company charges for that good or service when the Company sells it separately in similar circumstances to similar customers. If goods or services are not always sold separately, the Company uses the best estimate of SSP in the allocation of the transaction price. The objective of determining the best estimate of SSP is to estimate the price at which the Company would transact a sale if the product or service were sold on a standalone basis. The Company’s process for determining the best estimate of SSP involves management’s judgment, and considers multiple factors including, but not limited to, major product groupings, geographies, gross margin objectives and pricing practices. Pricing practices taken into consideration include contractually stated prices, discounts and applicable price lists. These factors may vary over time, depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each deliverable. If the facts and circumstances underlying the factors considered change or should future facts and circumstances lead the Company to consider additional factors, the Company’s best estimate of SSP may also change.

If the Company has not yet established a price because the good or service has not previously been sold on a standalone basis, SSP for such good and service in a contract with multiple performance obligations is determined by applying a residual approach whereby all other performance obligations within a contract are first allocated a portion of the transaction price based upon their respective SSP, using observable prices, with any residual amount of the transaction price allocated to the good or service for which the price has not yet been established.

Contract Balances. Deferred revenue represents the Company’s obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration (or an amount of consideration is due) from the customer. The Company’s payment terms vary by the type and location of its customer and the products or services offered. The term between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant. For certain products or services and customer types, the Company requires payment before the products or services are delivered to the customer.

Contract assets exist when the Company has satisfied a performance obligation but does not have an unconditional right to consideration (e.g., because the entity first must satisfy another performance obligation in the contract before it is entitled to invoice the customer).

Contract assets and deferred revenue consisted of the following (in thousands):



	As of
	March 27, 2020		December 31, 2019
Contract assets	$	5,806	$	13,969
Deferred revenue	55,854		43,450

Contract assets and Deferred revenue (long-term) are reported as components of “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” and “Other non-current liabilities”, respectively, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 8, “Balance Sheet Components” for additional information.

During the three months ended March 27, 2020 and March 29, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $18.0 million and $21.2 million, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of each fiscal year.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions. The Company elected the practical expedient under Topic 606 to not disclose the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations, since the majority of the Company’s arrangements have original expected durations of one year or less, or the invoicing corresponds to the value of the Company’s performance completed to date. These performance obligations primarily relate to the Company’s support and maintenance contracts which have a duration of one year or less and subscriptions services for which invoicing corresponds to the value of the Company’s performance completed to date.

In July 2019, Comcast elected enterprise license pricing for the Company’s CableOS software under certain existing commercial agreements between the Company and Comcast (the “CableOS software license agreement”), which also includes maintenance and support services, and material rights. As of March 27, 2020, the aggregate amount of the transaction price under this agreement allocated to the remaining performance obligations is $98.1 million, and the Company will recognize this revenue as the related performance obligations are delivered over the next three years to four years.

See Note 16, “Segment Information” for disaggregated revenue information.