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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Revenue [1] $ 402,874 $ 403,558 $ 358,246
Total cost of revenue 179,862 194,349 188,426
Total gross profit 223,012 209,209 169,820
Operating expenses:      
Research and development 84,614 89,163 95,978
Selling, general and administrative 119,035 118,952 136,270
Amortization of intangibles 3,139 3,187 3,142
Restructuring and related charges 3,141 2,918 5,307
Total operating expenses 209,929 214,220 240,697
Income (loss) from operations 13,083 (5,011) (70,877) [2]
Interest expense, net (11,651) (11,401) (11,078)
Loss on debt extinguishment (5,695) 0 0
Other expense, net (2,333) (536) (2,222)
Loss on impairment of long-term investments 0 0 (530)
Loss before income taxes (6,596) (16,948) (84,707) [2]
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes (672) 4,087 (1,752)
Net loss $ (5,924) $ (21,035) $ (82,955)
Net loss per share:      
Basic and diluted $ (0.07) $ (0.25) $ (1.02)
Shares used in per share calculations:      
Basic and diluted 89,575 85,615 80,974
Appliance & Integration [Member]      
Revenue $ 275,797 $ 287,564 $ 246,353
Total cost of revenue 130,284 148,472 142,545
SaaS and service      
Revenue 127,077 115,994 111,893
Total cost of revenue $ 49,578 $ 45,877 $ 45,881
[1] Revenue is attributed to countries based on the location of the customer.
[2] For the year ended December 31, 2017, the unallocated corporate expenses included acquisition- and integration-related costs, French VDP costs (see Note 11, “Restructuring and Related charges,” for more information on French VDP) and Cable Access product line inventory obsolescence costs, totaling $7.9 million. In addition, in fiscal 2017, the unallocated corporate expenses included $8.0 million of Avid litigation settlement cost and associated legal fees (see Note 20, “Legal Proceedings,” for more information). The remaining unallocated corporate expenses for all years presented above include primarily other restructuring charges and excess facilities charges.