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Warrants
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Warrants Disclosure [Text Block]
WARRANTS

On September 26, 2016, the Company granted a warrant to purchase shares of common stock (the “Warrant”) to Comcast pursuant to which Comcast may, subject to certain vesting provisions, purchase up to 7,816,162 shares of the Company’s common stock subject to adjustment in accordance with the terms of the Warrant, for a per share exercise price of $4.76. Comcast may exercise the Warrant for cash or on a net share basis. The Warrant expires on September 26, 2023 or the prior consummation of a change of control of the Company.

Comcast’s right to purchase 781,617 shares vested as of the Warrant issuance date as an incentive to enter into the software license product supply agreement. Comcast’s right to purchase 1,172,425 shares vested as of July 31, 2018 upon the acceptance and completion of field trials. Comcast’s right to purchase an additional 781,617 shares will vest upon Comcast’s election for enterprise license pricing for the Company’s CableOS software products. Such pricing would obligate Comcast to make certain total payments to the Company over the term of the product supply agreement.

Comcast’s rights to purchase additional shares in specified tranches vest when Comcast exceeds specified cumulative purchase amounts from the Company under the product supply agreement and, for certain tranches, such purchases are made within specified time periods.

The Warrant is considered an incentive for Comcast to purchase certain of the Company’s products. Therefore the value of the vested Warrant is recorded as an asset, which is recognized as a reduction in the Company’s net revenues in proportion to the pertinent sales to Comcast. The Warrant is considered indexed to the Company’s common stock and classified as stockholders’ equity based on its terms. Accordingly, the vested Warrant amounts are included in “Additional paid-in capital”.

Because the Warrants contain performance criteria, which include cumulative purchase amounts Comcast must achieve for the Warrants to vest, the final measurement date for the Warrants is the date on which the Warrants vest. Prior to the final measurement, when achievement of the performance criteria has been deemed probable, the estimated fair value of Warrants is being recorded as a reduction to the Company’s net revenue based on the estimated number of Warrants expected to vest, the proportion of purchases by Comcast within the period relative to the cumulative purchase levels required for the Warrants to vest and the then-current fair value of the related Warrants. To the extent that estimate change in the future as to the number of Warrants that will vest, as well as changes in the fair market value of the Warrants, a cumulative catch-up adjustment will be recorded in the period in which the estimates change. The value of the Warrant is recorded as a reduction in the Company’s net revenues to the extent such value does not exceed net revenues from pertinent sales to Comcast.

The fair value of the Warrant is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The assumptions utilized in the Black-Scholes model include the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, and expected life in years. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve rates with maturity terms similar to the expected life of the Warrant. Expected volatility is determined utilizing historical volatility over a period of time equal to the expected life of the Warrant. Expected life is equal to the remaining contractual term of the Warrant. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero since the Company has not historically declared dividends and does not have any plans to declare dividends in the future.

The portion of the Warrant which vested on September 26, 2016 had a fair value of $1.6 million. The fair value was determined using the Black-Scholes option valuation model using the following assumptions: expected term of 7 years, volatility of 42%, risk-free interest rate of 1.4%, and expected dividends of 0.0%.

On July 31, 2018, pursuant to the vesting provisions of the Warrant, an additional tranche of 1,172,425 shares vested and became exercisable upon the acceptance of completion of field trials by Comcast. The fair value of the Warrant on the date of vesting was estimated to be $2.3 million using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: expected term of 5.2 years, volatility of 45%, risk-free interest rate of 2.9%, and expected dividends of 0.0%. The fair value of the Warrant was recorded as a component of “Other long-term assets” with an equal offset to “Additional paid in capital” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company will amortize this asset as a reduction in the Company’s net revenues in proportion to the pertinent sales to Comcast.

During the year ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, the Company recorded $1.2 million, $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively as a reduction to net revenues in connection with amortization of the Warrant.