Restructuring Charges

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

On May 26, 2020, the Company's Board of Directors approved a restructuring plan intended to reduce the Company's operating costs, optimize its business model, and address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The restructuring plan included a global workforce reduction of approximately 8% and office closures. The Company recorded restructuring charges from these actions totaling $15,924,000 in 2020 which are included in “Restructuring charges” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2020, the majority of these actions were completed and no additional charges are expected to be incurred in future periods in relation to this restructuring plan. There were no restructuring charges recognized in 2021.

The following table summarizes the restructuring charges for the year ended December 31, 2020 (in thousands):


	Amount
One-time termination benefits	$	10,159
Contract termination costs	5,207
Other associated costs	558
	$	15,924

One-time termination benefits included severance, health insurance, and outplacement services for 181 employees who were either terminated during the second quarter of 2020, or were notified during the second quarter of 2020 that they would be terminated at a future date. For employees not required to render service beyond a minimum retention period, the one-time termination benefits were recognized in the second quarter of 2020. Otherwise, these benefits, including retention bonuses for selected employees, were recognized over the remaining service period which was completed by December 31, 2020.

Contract termination costs included operating lease asset impairment charges for eleven offices closed prior to the end of the contractual lease term. These costs also included the write-off of leasehold improvements and other equipment related to these abandoned offices that had no alternative use, as well as other associated operating costs, such as utilities, that the Company is obligated to pay for the remainder of the lease term. These contract termination costs were primarily recognized in the second quarter of 2020 when the Company ceased using the property for economic benefit.

Other associated costs primarily included legal fees related to the employee termination actions, which were recognized when the services were performed.

The following table summarizes the activity in the Company’s restructuring reserve, which is included in “Accrued expenses” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands):


	One-time Termination Benefits		Contract Termination Costs		Other Associated Costs		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Restructuring charges	11,329		5,220		636		17,185
Cash payments	(8,717)		(317)		(563)		(9,597)
Non-cash restructuring charges	—		(4,163)		—		(4,163)
Restructuring adjustments	(1,170)		(13)		(78)		(1,261)
Foreign exchange rate changes	182		23		20		225
Balance as of December 31, 2020	1,624		750		15		2,389

Cash payments	(1,142)		(227)		(15)		(1,384)


Foreign exchange rate changes	—		(7)		—		(7)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	482	$	516	$	—	$	998

Restructuring adjustments related to one-time termination benefits consisted primarily of the favorable true-up of severance estimates based on final agreements and health insurance estimates based on employee elections.