0001539497-18-001910.txt : 20181203 0001539497-18-001910.hdr.sgml : 20181203 20181203170747 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001539497-18-001910 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 424H PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 30 0000850779 0000740906 FILED AS OF DATE: 20181203 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20181203 ABS ASSET CLASS: Commercial mortgages FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: WELLS FARGO COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE SECURITIES INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000850779 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES [6189] IRS NUMBER: 561643598 STATE OF INCORPORATION: NC FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 424H SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-226486 FILM NUMBER: 181214635 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 301 SOUTH COLLEGE STREET CITY: CHARLOTTE STATE: NC ZIP: 28228-0166 BUSINESS PHONE: 7043832556 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 301 SOUTH COLLEGE STREET CITY: CHARLOTTE STATE: NC ZIP: 28228-0166 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: WACHOVIA COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE SECURITIES INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 20020304 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: FIRST UNION COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE SECURITIES INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19960520 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: FIRST UNION MORTGAGE SECURITIES INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19951013 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48 CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001757928 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES [6189] STATE OF INCORPORATION: NC FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 424H SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-226486-02 FILM NUMBER: 181214634 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 301 SOUTH COLLEGE STREET CITY: CHARLOTTE STATE: NC ZIP: 28228-0166 BUSINESS PHONE: 7043832556 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 301 SOUTH COLLEGE STREET CITY: CHARLOTTE STATE: NC ZIP: 28228-0166 424H 1 n1441_424h-x6.htm PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

 

    FILED PURSUANT TO RULE 424(h)
    REGISTRATION FILE NO.: 333-226486-02
     

 

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

This preliminary prospectus, dated November 30, 2018, may be amended or completed prior to time of sale.

 

$722,395,000 (Approximate)

 

WELLS FARGO COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE TRUST 2018-C48
(Central Index Key Number 0001757928)
as Issuing Entity

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc.
(Central Index Key Number 0000850779) 

as Depositor

 

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC
(Central Index Key Number 0001624053)

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
(Central Index Key Number 0000740906)

 

Barclays Bank PLC 

(Central Index Key Number 0000312070)

 

Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC 

(Central Index Key Number 0001542105)

 

BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC
(Central Index Key Number 0001722518)

 

as Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers

 

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2018-C48

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. is offering certain classes of the Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2018-C48 consisting of the certificate classes identified in the table below. The certificates being offered by this prospectus (and the non-offered Class X-D, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR, Class V and Class R certificates) represent the beneficial ownership interests in the issuing entity, which will be a New York common law trust named Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48. The assets of the issuing entity will primarily consist of a pool of fixed-rate commercial mortgage loans, which are generally the sole source of payments on the certificates. Credit enhancement will be provided solely by certain classes of subordinate certificates that will be subordinate to certain classes of senior certificates as described under “Description of the Certificates—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses”. Each class of certificates will be entitled to receive monthly distributions of interest and/or principal on the 4th business day following the 11th day of each month (or if the 11th day is not a business day, the next business day), commencing in January 2019. The rated final distribution date for the certificates is the distribution date in January 2052.

 

Class

 

Approximate Initial Certificate Balance or Notional Amount(1)

 

Approximate Initial Pass-Through Rate

 

Pass-Through Rate Description

 

Assumed Final Distribution Date(3)

Class A-1   $ 18,490,000     %   (5)   May 2023
Class A-2   $ 36,431,000     %   (5)   October 2023
Class A-3   $ 23,767,000     %   (5)   November 2025
Class A-SB   $ 32,713,000     %   (5)   April 2028
Class A-4     (6)     %   (5)   (6)
Class A-5     (6)     %   (5)   (6)
Class X-A   $ 583,753,000 (7)   %   Variable(8)   NAP
Class X-B   $ 138,642,000 (9)   %   Variable(10)   NAP
Class A-S   $ 59,418,000     %   (5)   December 2028
Class B   $ 40,654,000     %   (5)   December 2028
Class C   $ 38,570,000     %   (5)   December 2028

 

You should carefully consider the risk factors beginning on page 60 of this prospectus.

 

Neither the certificates nor the mortgage loans are insured or guaranteed by any governmental agency, instrumentality or private issuer or any other person or entity.

 

The certificates will represent interests in the issuing entity only. They will not represent interests in or obligations of the sponsors, depositor, any of their affiliates or any other entity.

(Footnotes on table on pages 3 and 4)

 

The United States Securities and Exchange Commission and state regulators have not approved or disapproved of the offered certificates or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. will not list the offered certificates on any securities exchange or on any automated quotation system of any securities association.

 

The issuing entity will be relying on an exclusion or exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, contained in Section 3(c)(5) of the Investment Company Act or Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act, although there may be additional exclusions or exemptions available to the issuing entity. The issuing entity is being structured so as not to constitute a “covered fund” for purposes of the Volcker Rule under the Dodd-Frank Act (both as defined in this prospectus).

 

The underwriters, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Barclays Capital Inc., Academy Securities, Inc. and Drexel Hamilton, LLC will purchase the offered certificates from Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. and will offer them to the public at negotiated prices, plus, in certain cases, accrued interest, determined at the time of sale. Wells Fargo Securities, LLC is acting as co-lead manager and joint bookrunner with respect to approximately 80.6% of each class of offered certificates, and Barclays Capital Inc. is acting as co-lead manager and joint bookrunner with respect to approximately 19.4% of each class of offered certificates. Academy Securities, Inc. and Drexel Hamilton, LLC are acting as co-managers.

 

The underwriters expect to deliver the offered certificates to purchasers in book-entry form only through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company in the United States and Clearstream Banking, société anonyme and Euroclear Bank, as operator of the Euroclear System, in Europe, against payment in New York, New York on or about December 20, 2018. Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. expects to receive from this offering approximately [_]% of the aggregate certificate balance of the offered certificates, plus accrued interest from December 1, 2018, before deducting expenses payable by the depositor.

 

Wells Fargo Securities
Co-Lead Manager and Joint Bookrunner
Barclays
Co-Lead Manager and Joint Bookrunner
   
Academy Securities
Co-Manager
Drexel Hamilton
Co-Manager

 

December [_], 2018

 

 

 

 

(graphic) 

 

 

 

 

Summary of Certificates

 

Class

 

Approx. Initial Certificate Balance or Notional Amount(1)

 

Approx.
Initial Credit Support(2)

 

Approx. Initial Pass-Through Rate

 

Pass-Through Rate Description

 

Assumed Final Distribution Date(3)

 

Weighted Average Life (Years)(4)

 

Expected Principal Window(4)

Offered Certificates                            
A-1   $ 18,490,000     30.000%   %   (5)   May 2023   2.37   01/19–05/23
A-2   $ 36,431,000     30.000%   %   (5)   October 2023   4.70   05/23-10/23
A-3   $ 23,767,000     30.000%   %   (5)   November 2025   6.90   11/25-11/25
A-SB   $ 32,713,000     30.000%   %   (5)   April 2028   7.20   10/23-04/28
A-4     (6)     30.000%   %   (5)   (6)   (6)   (6)
A-5     (6)     30.000%   %   (5)   (6)   (6)   (6)
X-A   $ 583,753,000 (7)   NAP   %   Variable(8)   NAP   NAP   NAP
X-B   $ 138,642,000( 9)   NAP   %   Variable(10)   NAP   NAP   NAP
A-S   $ 59,418,000     22.875%   %   (5)   December 2028   9.99   12/28-12/28
B   $ 40,654,000     18.000%   %   (5)   December 2028   9.99   12/28-12/28
C   $ 38,570,000     13.375%   %   (5)   December 2028   9.99   12/28-12/28
Non-Offered Certificates                            
X-D   $ 31,848,000( 11)(12)   NAP   %   Variable(13)   NAP   NAP   NAP
D   $ 31,848,000 (12)   9.556%   %   (5)   December 2028   9.99   12/28-12/28
E-RR   $ 14,018,000 (12)   7.875%   %   (5)   December 2028   9.99   12/28-12/28
F-RR   $ 20,848,000     5.375%   %   (5)   December 2028   9.99   12/28-12/28
G-RR   $ 9,382,000     4.250%   %   (5)   December 2028   9.99   12/28-12/28
H-RR   $ 35,442,944     0.000%   %   (5)   December 2028   9.99   12/28-12/28
V(14)     NAP           NAP   NAP   NAP   NAP   NAP   NAP
R(15)     NAP           NAP   NAP   NAP   NAP   NAP   NAP

 

 

(1)Approximate, subject to a permitted variance of plus or minus 5%. In addition, the notional amounts of the Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates may vary depending upon the final pricing of the classes of principal balance certificates whose certificate balances comprise such notional amounts, and, if as a result of such pricing the pass-through rate of any class of the Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates, as applicable, would be equal to zero at all times, such class of certificates will not be issued on the closing date of this securitization.

 

(2)The approximate initial credit support percentages set forth for the certificates are approximate and, for the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, are represented in the aggregate.

 

(3)The assumed final distribution dates set forth in this prospectus have been determined on the basis of the assumptions described in “Description of the Certificates—Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date”.

 

(4)The weighted average life and expected principal window during which distributions of principal would be received as set forth in the foregoing table with respect to each class of certificates having a certificate balance are based on the assumptions set forth under “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Weighted Average Life” and on the assumptions that there are no prepayments, modifications or losses in respect of the mortgage loans and that there are no extensions or forbearances of maturity dates or anticipated repayment dates of the mortgage loans.

 

(5)The pass-through rates for the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-S, Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates will be one of the following: (i) a fixed rate per annum, (ii) a variable rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the related distribution date, (iii) a variable rate per annum equal to the lesser of (a) a fixed rate and (b) the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the related distribution date or (iv) a variable rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the related distribution date minus a specified percentage. For purposes of the calculation of the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for each distribution date, the mortgage interest rates will be adjusted as necessary to a 30/360 basis.

 

(6)The exact initial certificate balances of the Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates are unknown and will be determined based on the final pricing of those classes of certificates. However, the respective initial certificate balances, final distribution dates, weighted average lives and principal windows of the Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates are expected to be within the applicable ranges reflected in the following chart. The aggregate initial certificate balance of the Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates is expected to be approximately $472,352,000, subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%.

 

3 

 

 

Class of Certificates

 

Expected Range of Approximate
Initial
Certificate Balance

 

Expected Range of Assumed
Final Distribution Date

 

Expected Range of
Weighted Average
Life (Years)

 

Expected Range of Principal
Window

Class A-4   $100,000,000 - $230,000,000   September 2028 / October 2028   9.60 – 9.72   04/28 – 09/28 / 04/28 – 10/28
Class A-5   $242,352,000 - $372,352,000   December 2028 / December 2028   9.87 – 9.91   09/28 – 12/28 / 10/28 – 12/28

 

(7)The Class X-A certificates are notional amount certificates. The notional amount of the Class X-A certificates will be equal to the aggregate certificate balance of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates outstanding from time to time. The Class X-A certificates will not be entitled to distributions of principal.

 

(8)The pass-through rate for the Class X-A certificates for any distribution date will be a per annum rate equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the related distribution date, over (b) the weighted average of the pass-through rates on the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates for the related distribution date, weighted on the basis of their respective aggregate certificate balances outstanding immediately prior to that distribution date. For purposes of the calculation of the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for each distribution date, the mortgage interest rates will be adjusted as necessary to a 30/360 basis.

 

(9)The Class X-B certificates are notional amount certificates. The notional amount of the Class X-B certificates will be equal to the aggregate certificate balance of the Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates outstanding from time to time. The Class X-B certificates will not be entitled to distributions of principal.

 

(10)The pass-through rate for the Class X-B certificates for any distribution date will be a per annum rate equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the related distribution date, over (b) the weighted average of the pass-through rates on the Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates for the related distribution date, weighted on the basis of their respective aggregate certificate balances outstanding immediately prior to that distribution date. For purposes of the calculation of the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for each distribution date, the mortgage interest rates will be adjusted as necessary to a 30/360 basis.

 

(11)The Class X-D certificates are notional amount certificates. The notional amount of the Class X-D certificates will be equal to the certificate balance of the Class D certificates outstanding from time to time. The Class X-D certificates will not be entitled to distributions of principal.

 

(12)The initial certificate balance or notional amount of each of the Class X-D, Class D and Class E-RR certificates is estimated based in part on the estimated ranges of certificate balances and estimated fair values described in “Credit Risk Retention”. The initial notional amount of the Class X-D certificates is expected to fall within a range of $30,647,000 and $31,848,000, the initial certificate balance of the Class D certificates is expected to fall within a range of $30,647,000 and $31,848,000, and the initial certificate balance of the Class E-RR certificates is expected to fall within a range of $14,018,000 and $15,219,000, with the ultimate initial certificate balance of each determined such that the aggregate fair value of the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates will equal at least 5% of the estimated fair value as of the Closing Date of all of the classes of certificates (other than the Class R certificates) issued by the issuing entity. Any variation in the initial certificate balance of the Class D certificates would affect the initial notional amount of the Class X-D certificates.

 

(13)The pass-through rate for the Class X-D certificates for any distribution date will be a per annum rate equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the related distribution date, over (b) the pass-through rate on the Class D certificates for the related distribution date. For purposes of the calculation of the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for each distribution date, the mortgage interest rates will be adjusted as necessary to a 30/360 basis.

 

(14)The Class V certificates will not have a certificate balance, notional amount, credit support, pass-through rate, assumed final distribution date, rated final distribution date or rating. The Class V certificates will only be entitled to a specified portion of distributions of excess interest accrued on the mortgage loans with an anticipated repayment date. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—ARD Loans” in this prospectus.

 

(15)The Class R certificates will not have a certificate balance, notional amount, credit support, pass-through rate, assumed final distribution date, rated final distribution date or rating. The Class R certificates represent the residual interest in each Trust REMIC as further described in this prospectus. The Class R certificates will not be entitled to distributions of principal or interest.

 

The Class X-D, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR, Class V and Class R certificates are not offered by this prospectus. Any information in this prospectus concerning certificates other than the offered certificates is presented solely to enhance your understanding of the offered certificates.

 

4 

 

 

Table of Contents

 

Summary of Certificates 3
Important Notice Regarding the Offered Certificates 17
Important Notice About Information Presented in this Prospectus 18
Summary of Terms 25
Risk Factors 60
The Certificates May Not Be a Suitable Investment for You 60
Combination or “Layering” of Multiple Risks May Significantly Increase Risk of Loss 60
Risks Related to Market Conditions and Other External Factors 60
The Volatile Economy, Credit Crisis and Downturn in the Real Estate Market Adversely Affected the Value of CMBS and Similar Factors May in the Future Adversely Affect the Value of CMBS 60
Other Events May Affect the Value and Liquidity of Your Investment 61
Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans 61
Mortgage Loans Are Non-Recourse and Are Not Insured or Guaranteed 61
Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally 62
Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases 63
General 63
A Tenant Concentration May Result in Increased Losses 64
Mortgaged Properties Leased to Multiple Tenants Also Have Risks 65
Mortgaged Properties Leased to Borrowers or Borrower Affiliated Entities Also Have Risks 65
Tenant Bankruptcy Could Result in a Rejection of the Related Lease 66
Leases That Are Not Subordinated to the Lien of the Mortgage or Do Not Contain Attornment Provisions May Have an Adverse Impact at Foreclosure 66
Early Lease Termination Options May Reduce Cash Flow 67
Mortgaged Properties Leased to Not-for-Profit Tenants Also Have Risks 68
Retail Properties Have Special Risks 68
Changes in the Retail Sector, Such as Online Shopping and Other Uses of Technology, Could Affect the Business Models and Viability of Retailers. 69
The Performance of the Retail Properties is Subject to Conditions Affecting the Retail Sector. 69
Some Retail Properties Depend on Anchor Stores or Major Tenants to Attract Shoppers and Could be Materially Adversely Affected by the Loss of, or a Store Closure by, One or More of These Anchor Stores or Major Tenants. 70
Office Properties Have Special Risks 71
Industrial Properties Have Special Risks 72
Hotel Properties Have Special Risks 73
Risks Relating to Affiliation with a Franchise or Hotel Management Company 75
Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks 76
Self Storage Properties Have Special Risks 78
Data Center Properties Have Special Risks 79
Mixed Use Properties Have Special Risks 79
Condominium Ownership May Limit Use and Improvements 80
Operation of a Mortgaged Property Depends on the Property Manager’s Performance 81
Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses 82
Adverse Environmental Conditions at or Near Mortgaged Properties May Result in Losses 83

 

5 

 

 

Risks Related to Redevelopment, Expansion and Renovation at Mortgaged Properties 84
Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses 86
Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions 88
Risks Relating to Inspections of Properties 89
Risks Relating to Costs of Compliance with Applicable Laws and Regulations 89
Insurance May Not Be Available or Adequate 90
Inadequacy of Title Insurers May Adversely Affect Distributions on Your Certificates 91
Terrorism Insurance May Not Be Available for All Mortgaged Properties 91
Risks Associated with Blanket Insurance Policies or Self-Insurance 93
Condemnation of a Mortgaged Property May Adversely Affect Distributions on Certificates 93
Limited Information Causes Uncertainty 93
Historical Information 93
Ongoing Information 94
Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Flawed Assumptions 94
Frequent and Early Occurrence of Borrower Delinquencies and Defaults May Adversely Affect Your Investment 95
The Mortgage Loans Have Not Been Reviewed or Re-Underwritten by Us; Some Mortgage Loans May Not Have Complied With Another Originator’s Underwriting Criteria 96
Static Pool Data Would Not Be Indicative of the Performance of this Pool 97
Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property 97
The Performance of a Mortgage Loan and Its Related Mortgaged Property Depends in Part on Who Controls the Borrower and Mortgaged Property 99
The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risks 99
A Bankruptcy Proceeding May Result in Losses and Delays in Realizing on the Mortgage Loans 102
Litigation Regarding the Mortgaged Properties or Borrowers May Impair Your Distributions 102
Other Financings or Ability to Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk 103
Tenancies-in-Common May Hinder Recovery 105
Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions 105
Risks Associated with One Action Rules 106
State Law Limitations on Assignments of Leases and Rents May Entail Risks 106
Various Other Laws Could Affect the Exercise of Lender’s Rights 106
Risks of Anticipated Repayment Date Loans 107
The Absence of Lockboxes Entails Risks That Could Adversely Affect Distributions on Your Certificates 107
Borrower May Be Unable to Repay Remaining Principal Balance on Maturity Date or Anticipated Repayment Date; Longer Amortization Schedules and Interest-Only Provisions Increase Risk 108
Risks Related to Ground Leases and Other Leasehold Interests 109
Increases in Real Estate Taxes May Reduce Available Funds 111
State and Local Mortgage Recording Taxes May Apply Upon a Foreclosure or Deed-in-Lieu of Foreclosure and Reduce Net Proceeds 111
Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest 111
Interests and Incentives of the Originators, the Sponsors and Their Affiliates May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests 111

 

6 

 

 

Interests and Incentives of the Underwriter Entities May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests 114
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer 115
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Operating Advisor 118
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Asset Representations Reviewer 119
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Holders 120
Potential Conflicts of Interest in the Selection of the Underlying Mortgage Loans 122
Conflicts of Interest May Occur as a Result of the Rights of the Applicable Directing Certificateholder To Terminate the Special Servicer of the Applicable Whole Loan 123
Other Potential Conflicts of Interest May Affect Your Investment 124
Other Risks Relating to the Certificates 124
The Certificates Are Limited Obligations 124
The Certificates May Have Limited Liquidity and the Market Value of the Certificates May Decline 124
Legal and Regulatory Provisions Affecting Investors Could Adversely Affect the Liquidity of the Offered Certificates 125
Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations May Assign Different Ratings to the Certificates; Ratings of the Certificates Reflect Only the Views of the Applicable Rating Agencies as of the Dates Such Ratings Were Issued; Ratings May Affect ERISA Eligibility; Ratings May Be Downgraded 128
Your Yield May Be Affected by Defaults, Prepayments and Other Factors 130
General 130
The Timing of Prepayments and Repurchases May Change Your Anticipated Yield 131
Your Yield May Be Adversely Affected By Prepayments Resulting From Earnout Reserves 133
Losses and Shortfalls May Change Your Anticipated Yield 133
Risk of Early Termination 134
Subordination of the Subordinated Certificates Will Affect the Timing of Distributions and the Application of Losses on the Subordinated Certificates 134
Your Lack of Control Over the Issuing Entity and the Mortgage Loans Can Impact Your Investment 135
You Have Limited Voting Rights 135
The Rights of the Directing Certificateholder and the Operating Advisor Could Adversely Affect Your Investment 136
You Have Limited Rights to Replace the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Trustee, the Certificate Administrator, the Operating Advisor or the Asset Representations Reviewer 138
The Rights of Companion Holders and Mezzanine Debt May Adversely Affect Your Investment 139
Risks Relating to Modifications of the Mortgage Loans 140
Sponsors May Not Make Required Repurchases or Substitutions of Defective Mortgage Loans or Pay Any Loss of Value Payment Sufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan 141
Risks Relating to Interest on Advances and Special Servicing Compensation 142
Bankruptcy of a Servicer May Adversely Affect Collections on the Mortgage Loans and the Ability to Replace the Servicer 143
The Sponsors, the Depositor and the Issuing Entity Are Subject to Bankruptcy or Insolvency Laws That May Affect the Issuing Entity’s Ownership of the Mortgage Loans 143

 

7 

 

 

The Requirement of the Special Servicer to Obtain FIRREA-Compliant Appraisals May Result in an Increased Cost to the Issuing Entity 147
Tax Matters and Changes in Tax Law May Adversely Impact the Mortgage Loans or Your Investment 147
Tax Considerations Relating to Foreclosure 147
REMIC Status 148
Material Federal Tax Considerations Regarding Original Issue Discount 148
Description of the Mortgage Pool 148
General 148
Co-Originated or Third-Party Originated Mortgage Loans 150
Certain Calculations and Definitions 150
Definitions 151
Mortgage Pool Characteristics 165
Overview 165
Property Types 167
Retail Properties 167
Office Properties 170
Industrial Properties 170
Hospitality Properties 170
Multifamily Properties 173
Self Storage Properties 173
Mixed Use Properties 173
Specialty Use Concentrations 174
Mortgage Loan Concentrations 175
Top Fifteen Mortgage Loans 175
Multi-Property Mortgage Loans and Related Borrower Mortgage Loans 175
Geographic Concentrations 177
Mortgaged Properties with Limited Prior Operating History 178
Tenancies-in-Common or Diversified Ownership 178
Condominium and Other Shared Interests 179
Fee & Leasehold Estates; Ground Leases 179
Environmental Considerations 180
Redevelopment, Renovation and Expansion 184
Assessment of Property Value and Condition 185
Litigation and Other Considerations 186
Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings 187
Tenant Issues 190
Tenant Concentrations 190
Lease Expirations and Terminations 190
Expirations 190
Terminations 191
Other 192
Purchase Options and Rights of First Refusal 192
Affiliated Leases 194
Insurance Considerations 194
Use Restrictions 196
Appraised Value 197
Non-Recourse Carveout Limitations 197
Real Estate and Other Tax Considerations 199
Delinquency Information 200
Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans 201
Amortization of Principal 201
Due Dates; Mortgage Rates; Calculations of Interest 202

 

8 

 

 

ARD Loans 202
Prepayment Protections and Certain Involuntary Prepayments and Voluntary Prepayments 203
Voluntary Prepayments 204
“Due-On-Sale” and “Due-On-Encumbrance” Provisions 205
Defeasance 206
Releases; Partial Releases 207
Escrows 214
Mortgaged Property Accounts 215
Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines 217
Additional Indebtedness 218
General 218
Whole Loans 219
Mezzanine Indebtedness 219
Other Secured Indebtedness 222
Preferred Equity 223
Other Unsecured Indebtedness 223
The Whole Loans 223
General 223
The Serviced Whole Loans 229
Intercreditor Agreement 229
Control Rights with respect to Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans 230
Certain Rights of each Non-Controlling Holder 230
Sale of Defaulted Mortgage Loan 231
The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans 232
Intercreditor Agreement 232
Control Rights 233
Certain Rights of each Non-Controlling Holder 233
Custody of the Mortgage File 234
Sale of Defaulted Mortgage Loan 234
The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans 235
The Christiana Mall Whole Loan 235
General 235
Servicing 235
Application of Payments 236
Consultation and Control 237
Sale of Defaulted Whole Loan 240
Special Servicer Appointment Rights 240
The Aventura Mall Whole Loan 240
General 240
Servicing 241
Application of Payments 241
Workout 243
Consultation and Control 243
Sale of Defaulted Whole Loan 245
Special Servicer Appointment Rights 245
The Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan 245
Servicing 246
Advances 246
Application of Payments 247
Consultation and Control 252
Sale of Defaulted Whole Loan 255
Cure Rights 255

 

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Purchase Option 256
Special Servicer Appointment Rights 256
Additional Information 256
Transaction Parties 257
The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers 257
Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC 257
General 257
Argentic’s Securitization Program 257
Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes 258
Review of Mortgage Loans for Which Argentic is the Sponsor 264
Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act 265
Retained Interests in This Securitization 266
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association 266
General 266
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association’s Commercial Mortgage Securitization Program 266
Wells Fargo Bank’s Commercial Mortgage Loan Underwriting 267
Review of Mortgage Loans for Which Wells Fargo Bank is the Sponsor 272
Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act 275
Retained Interests in This Securitization 278
Barclays Bank PLC 278
General 278
Barclays’ Securitization Program 278
Review of Barclays Mortgage Loans 279
Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Processes 281
Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act 284
Retained Interests in This Securitization 285
Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC 285
General 285
Basis’ Securitization Program 285
Basis’ Underwriting Standards and Processes 286
Review of Mortgage Loans for Which Basis Real Estate Capital is the Sponsor 291
Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act 293
Retained Interests in This Securitization 295
BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC 295
General 295
BSPRT’s Loan Origination and Acquisition History 295
Review of BSPRT Mortgage Loans 296
BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards 298
Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act 303
Retained Interests in This Securitization 303
The Depositor 304
The Issuing Entity 304
The Trustee 305
The Certificate Administrator 306
The Master Servicer 308
The Special Servicer 314
The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer 318
Credit Risk Retention 321
General 321
Qualifying CRE Loans 322
Retaining Party 322
Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates 322

 

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General 322
Material Terms of the Eligible Horizontal Residual Interest 323
Determination of Amount of Required Horizontal Credit Risk Retention 324
General 324
Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates 324
Swap Yield Curve 324
Discount Yield Determination 326
Determination of Class Sizes 326
Target Price Determination 327
Determination of Assumed Certificate Coupon 327
Determination of Swap-Priced Expected Price 328
Interest-Only Certificates 328
Treasury Yield Curve 328
Credit Spread Determination 329
Discount Yield Determination 329
Determination of Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments 330
Determination of Interest-Only Expected Price 330
Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates 330
Determination of Class Size 330
Determination of Yield-Priced Expected Price 330
Calculation of Fair Value 331
Hedging, Transfer and Financing Restrictions 332
Operating Advisor 332
Representations and Warranties 334
Description of the Certificates 335
General 335
Distributions 338
Method, Timing and Amount 338
Available Funds 339
Priority of Distributions 341
Pass-Through Rates 345
Interest Distribution Amount 347
Principal Distribution Amount 347
Certain Calculations with Respect to Individual Mortgage Loans 349
Excess Interest 351
Application Priority of Mortgage Loan Collections or Whole Loan Collections 351
Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums 354
Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date 355
Prepayment Interest Shortfalls 356
Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses 358
Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information 360
Certificate Administrator Reports 360
Information Available Electronically 366
Voting Rights 372
Delivery, Form, Transfer and Denomination 372
Book-Entry Registration 373
Definitive Certificates 376
Certificateholder Communication 376
Access to Certificateholders’ Names and Addresses 376
Requests to Communicate 376
List of Certificateholders 377
Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements 378
General 378

 

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Dispute Resolution Provisions 387
Asset Review Obligations 388
Pooling and Servicing Agreement 388
General 388
Assignment of the Mortgage Loans 388
Servicing Standard 389
Subservicing 391
Advances 391
P&I Advances 391
Servicing Advances 392
Nonrecoverable Advances 393
Recovery of Advances 395
Accounts 396
Withdrawals from the Collection Account 399
Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses 401
General 401
Master Servicing Compensation 407
Special Servicing Compensation 410
Disclosable Special Servicer Fees 414
Certificate Administrator and Trustee Compensation 415
Operating Advisor Compensation 415
Asset Representations Reviewer Compensation 416
CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee 417
Appraisal Reduction Amounts 418
Maintenance of Insurance 425
Modifications, Waivers and Amendments 428
Enforcement of “Due-on-Sale” and “Due-on-Encumbrance” Provisions 433
Inspections 434
Collection of Operating Information 435
Special Servicing Transfer Event 435
Asset Status Report 438
Realization Upon Mortgage Loans 442
Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties 445
The Directing Certificateholder 448
General 448
Major Decisions 449
Asset Status Report 452
Replacement of the Special Servicer 452
Control Termination Event, Operating Advisor Consultation Event and Consultation Termination Event 452
Servicing Override 455
Rights of the Directing Certificateholder with respect to Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans 455
Rights of the Holders of Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loans 456
Limitation on Liability of Directing Certificateholder 456
The Operating Advisor 457
General 457
Duties of Operating Advisor At All Times 457
Annual Report 459
Additional Duties of the Operating Advisor While an Operating Advisor Consultation Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing 460
Recommendation of the Replacement of the Special Servicer 461
Eligibility of Operating Advisor 461

 

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Other Obligations of Operating Advisor 462
Delegation of Operating Advisor’s Duties 463
Termination of the Operating Advisor With Cause 463
Rights Upon Operating Advisor Termination Event 464
Waiver of Operating Advisor Termination Event 464
Termination of the Operating Advisor Without Cause 465
Resignation of the Operating Advisor 465
Operating Advisor Compensation 465
The Asset Representations Reviewer 466
Asset Review 466
Asset Review Trigger 466
Asset Review Vote 467
Review Materials 468
Asset Review 469
Eligibility of Asset Representations Reviewer 471
Other Obligations of Asset Representations Reviewer 472
Delegation of Asset Representations Reviewer’s Duties 472
Assignment of Asset Representation Reviewer’s Rights and Obligations 472
Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Events 473
Rights Upon Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event 474
Termination of the Asset Representations Reviewer Without Cause 474
Resignation of Asset Representations Reviewer 475
Asset Representations Reviewer Compensation 475
Replacement of the Special Servicer Without Cause 475
Replacement of the Special Servicer After Operating Advisor Recommendation and Certificateholder Vote 477
Resignation of Master Servicer, Trustee, Certificate Administrator, Operating Advisor or Asset Representations Reviewer Upon Prohibited Risk Retention Affiliation 479
Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause 479
Servicer Termination Events 479
Rights Upon Servicer Termination Event 481
Waiver of Servicer Termination Event 482
Resignation of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer 483
Limitation on Liability; Indemnification 483
Enforcement of Mortgage Loan Seller’s Obligations Under the MLPA 487
Dispute Resolution Provisions 487
Certificateholder’s Rights When a Repurchase Request Is Initially Delivered by a Certificateholder 487
Repurchase Request Delivered by a Party to the PSA 488
Resolution of a Repurchase Request 488
Mediation and Arbitration Provisions 492
Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans 493
General 493
Servicing of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan 497
Servicing of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan 498
Servicing of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan 499
Servicing of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan 500
Servicing of the Home Depot Technology Center Mortgage Loan 501
Servicing of the Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan 502
Servicing of the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan 503
Rating Agency Confirmations 504
Evidence as to Compliance 506

 

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Limitation on Rights of Certificateholders to Institute a Proceeding 507
Termination; Retirement of Certificates 508
Amendment 509
Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator 512
Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial; and Consent to Jurisdiction 513
Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans 513
Georgia 513
Tennessee 514
Florida 515
General 515
Types of Mortgage Instruments 516
Leases and Rents 516
Personalty 517
Foreclosure 517
General 517
Foreclosure Procedures Vary from State to State 517
Judicial Foreclosure 517
Equitable and Other Limitations on Enforceability of Certain Provisions 517
Nonjudicial Foreclosure/Power of Sale 518
Public Sale 518
Rights of Redemption 520
Anti-Deficiency Legislation 520
Leasehold Considerations 521
Cooperative Shares 521
Bankruptcy Laws 521
Environmental Considerations 528
General 528
Superlien Laws 528
CERCLA 528
Certain Other Federal and State Laws 529
Additional Considerations 529
Due-on-Sale and Due-on-Encumbrance Provisions 530
Subordinate Financing 530
Default Interest and Limitations on Prepayments 530
Applicability of Usury Laws 531
Americans with Disabilities Act 531
Servicemembers Civil Relief Act 531
Anti-Money Laundering, Economic Sanctions and Bribery 532
Potential Forfeiture of Assets 532
Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties 533
Pending Legal Proceedings Involving Transaction Parties 536
Use of Proceeds 536
Yield and Maturity Considerations 536
Yield Considerations 536
General 536
Rate and Timing of Principal Payments 536
Losses and Shortfalls 538
Certain Relevant Factors Affecting Loan Payments and Defaults 538
Delay in Payment of Distributions 539
Yield on the Certificates with Notional Amounts 539
Weighted Average Life 540
Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity Tables 546

 

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Material Federal Income Tax Considerations 550
General 550
Qualification as a REMIC 551
Status of Offered Certificates 553
Taxation of Regular Interests 553
General 553
Original Issue Discount 554
Acquisition Premium 556
Market Discount 556
Premium 557
Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method 558
Treatment of Losses 558
Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums 559
Sale or Exchange of Regular Interests 559
Taxes That May Be Imposed on a REMIC 560
Prohibited Transactions 560
Contributions to a REMIC After the Startup Day 560
Net Income from Foreclosure Property 560
Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 561
Taxation of Certain Foreign Investors 561
FATCA 562
Backup Withholding 563
Information Reporting 563
3.8% Medicare Tax on “Net Investment Income” 563
Reporting Requirements 563
Certain State and Local Tax Considerations 564
Method of Distribution (Underwriter) 564
Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference 568
Where You Can Find More Information 568
Financial Information 569
Certain ERISA Considerations 569
General 569
Plan Asset Regulations 570
Administrative Exemptions 570
Insurance Company General Accounts 573
Legal Investment 574
Legal Matters 575
Ratings 575
Index of Defined Terms 578

 

Annex A-1: Certain Characteristics of the Mortgage Loans and Mortgaged Properties A-1-1
     
Annex A-2: Mortgage Pool Information (Tables) A-2-1
     
Annex A-3: Summaries of the Fifteen Largest Mortgage Loans A-3-1
     
Annex A-4: 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan Amortization Schedule A-4-1
     
Annex A-5: Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan Amortization Schedule A-5-1
     
Annex B: Form of Distribution Date Statement B-1
     
Annex C: Form of Operating Advisor Annual Report C-1

 

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Annex D-1: Mortgage Loan Representations and Warranties D-1-1
     
Annex D-2: Exceptions to Mortgage Loan Representations and Warranties D-2-1
     
Annex E: Class A-SB Planned Principal Balance Schedule E-1

 

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Important Notice Regarding the Offered Certificates

 

WE HAVE FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION A REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, WITH RESPECT TO THE CERTIFICATES OFFERED IN THIS PROSPECTUS. HOWEVER, THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONTAIN ALL OF THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN OUR REGISTRATION STATEMENT. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION REGARDING THE DOCUMENTS REFERRED TO IN THIS PROSPECTUS, YOU SHOULD REFER TO OUR REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND THE EXHIBITS TO IT. OUR REGISTRATION STATEMENT AND THE EXHIBITS TO IT CAN BE INSPECTED AND COPIED AT PRESCRIBED RATES AT THE PUBLIC REFERENCE FACILITIES MAINTAINED BY THE SEC AT ITS PUBLIC REFERENCE ROOM, 100 F STREET, N.E., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549. YOU MAY OBTAIN INFORMATION ON THE OPERATION OF THE PUBLIC REFERENCE ROOM BY CALLING THE SEC AT 1-800-SEC-0330. COPIES OF THESE MATERIALS CAN ALSO BE OBTAINED ELECTRONICALLY THROUGH THE SEC’S INTERNET WEBSITE (HTTP://WWW.SEC.GOV).

 

THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT AN OFFER TO SELL OR A SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY THESE SECURITIES IN ANY STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION WHERE SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE IS NOT PERMITTED.

 

THE INFORMATION IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS PRELIMINARY AND MAY BE SUPPLEMENTED OR AMENDED PRIOR TO THE TIME OF SALE. IN ADDITION, THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES REFERRED TO IN THIS PROSPECTUS, AND THE ASSET POOL BACKING THEM, ARE SUBJECT TO MODIFICATION OR REVISION (INCLUDING THE POSSIBILITY THAT ONE OR MORE CLASSES OF OFFERED CERTIFICATES MAY BE SPLIT, COMBINED OR ELIMINATED) AT ANY TIME PRIOR TO ISSUANCE, AND ARE OFFERED ON A “WHEN, AS AND IF ISSUED” BASIS.

 

THE UNDERWRITERS DESCRIBED IN THESE MATERIALS MAY FROM TIME TO TIME PERFORM INVESTMENT BANKING SERVICES FOR, OR SOLICIT INVESTMENT BANKING BUSINESS FROM, ANY COMPANY NAMED IN THESE MATERIALS. THE UNDERWRITERS AND/OR THEIR RESPECTIVE EMPLOYEES MAY FROM TIME TO TIME HAVE A LONG OR SHORT POSITION IN ANY CONTRACT OR CERTIFICATE DISCUSSED IN THESE MATERIALS.

 

THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS SUPERSEDES ANY PREVIOUS SUCH INFORMATION DELIVERED TO ANY PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR AND MAY BE SUPERSEDED BY INFORMATION DELIVERED TO SUCH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR PRIOR TO THE TIME OF SALE.

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES DO NOT REPRESENT AN INTEREST IN OR OBLIGATION OF THE DEPOSITOR, THE SPONSORS, THE MORTGAGE LOAN SELLERS, THE MASTER SERVICER, THE SPECIAL SERVICER, THE TRUSTEE, THE OPERATING ADVISOR, THE ASSET REPRESENTATIONS REVIEWER, THE CERTIFICATE ADMINISTRATOR, THE DIRECTING CERTIFICATEHOLDER, THE UNDERWRITERS OR ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE AFFILIATES. NEITHER THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES NOR THE MORTGAGE LOANS ARE INSURED OR GUARANTEED BY ANY GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY OR INSTRUMENTALITY OR PRIVATE INSURER.

 

THERE IS CURRENTLY NO SECONDARY MARKET FOR THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES. WE CANNOT ASSURE YOU THAT A SECONDARY MARKET WILL DEVELOP OR, IF A SECONDARY MARKET DOES DEVELOP, THAT IT WILL PROVIDE HOLDERS OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES WITH LIQUIDITY OF INVESTMENT OR THAT IT WILL CONTINUE FOR THE TERM OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES. THE UNDERWRITERS CURRENTLY INTEND TO MAKE A MARKET IN THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES BUT ARE UNDER NO OBLIGATION TO DO SO. ACCORDINGLY, PURCHASERS MUST BE PREPARED TO BEAR THE RISKS OF THEIR

 

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INVESTMENTS FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD. SEE “RISK FACTORS—OTHER RISKS RELATING TO THE CERTIFICATES—THE CERTIFICATES MAY HAVE LIMITED LIQUIDITY AND THE MARKET VALUE OF THE CERTIFICATES MAY DECLINE” IN THIS PROSPECTUS.

 

Important Notice About Information Presented in this Prospectus

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different from that contained in this prospectus. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus.

 

This prospectus begins with several introductory sections describing the certificates and the issuing entity in abbreviated form:

 

Summary of Certificates, commencing on the page set forth on the table of contents of this prospectus, which sets forth important statistical information relating to the certificates;

 

Summary of Terms, commencing on the page set forth on the table of contents of this prospectus, which gives a brief introduction of the key features of the certificates and a description of the mortgage loans; and

 

Risk Factors, commencing on the page set forth on the table of contents of this prospectus, which describes risks that apply to the certificates.

 

This prospectus includes cross references to sections in this prospectus where you can find further related discussions. The table of contents in this prospectus identifies the pages where these sections are located.

 

Certain capitalized terms are defined and used in this prospectus to assist you in understanding the terms of the offered certificates and this offering. The capitalized terms used in this prospectus are defined on the pages indicated under the caption “Index of Defined Terms” in this prospectus.

 

All annexes and schedules attached to this prospectus are a part of this prospectus.

 

In this prospectus:

 

the terms “depositor”, “we”, “us” and “our” refer to Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc.;

 

references to any specified mortgage loan should be construed to refer to the mortgage loan secured by the mortgaged property (or portfolio of mortgaged properties) with the same name identified on Annex A-1, representing the approximate percentage of the initial pool balance set forth on Annex A-1;

 

any parenthetical with a percentage next to a mortgage loan name or a group of mortgage loans indicates the approximate percentage (or approximate aggregate percentage) of the initial pool balance that the outstanding principal balance of such mortgage loan (or the aggregate outstanding principal balance of such group of mortgage loans) represents, as set forth on Annex A-1;

 

any parenthetical with a percentage next to a mortgaged property (or portfolio of mortgaged properties) indicates the approximate percentage (or approximate aggregate percentage) of the initial pool balance that the outstanding principal

  

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balance of the related mortgage loan (or, if applicable, the allocated loan amount or aggregate allocated loan amount with respect to such mortgaged property or mortgaged properties) represents, as set forth on Annex A-1;

 

references to a “pooling and servicing agreement” (other than the WFCM 2018-C48 pooling and servicing agreement) governing the servicing of any mortgage loan should be construed to refer to any relevant pooling and servicing agreement, trust and servicing agreement or other primary transaction agreement governing the servicing of such mortgage loan; and

 

references to “lender” or “mortgage lender” with respect to a mortgage loan generally should be construed to mean, from and after the date of initial issuance of the offered certificates, the trustee on behalf of the issuing entity as the holder of record title to the mortgage loans or the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, with respect to the obligations and rights of the lender as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS WITHIN EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA

 

THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT A PROSPECTUS FOR THE PURPOSES OF DIRECTIVE 2003/71/EC (AS AMENDED OR SUPERSEDED) OR ANY RELEVANT IMPLEMENTING MEASURE IN THE RELEVANT EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA MEMBER STATE (TOGETHER, THE “PROSPECTUS DIRECTIVE“).

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES ARE NOT INTENDED TO BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE MADE AVAILABLE TO AND SHOULD NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR OTHERWISE MADE AVAILABLE TO ANY RETAIL INVESTOR IN THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA (“EEA“). FOR THESE PURPOSES, A RETAIL INVESTOR MEANS A PERSON WHO IS ONE (OR MORE) OF: (I) A RETAIL CLIENT AS DEFINED IN POINT (11) OF ARTICLE 4(1) OF DIRECTIVE 2014/65/EU, AS AMENDED (“MIFID II“ ); OR (II) A CUSTOMER WITHIN THE MEANING OF DIRECTIVE (EU) 2016/97, AS AMENDED (THE “INSURANCE DISTRIBUTION DIRECTIVE“ ), WHERE THAT CUSTOMER WOULD NOT QUALIFY AS A PROFESSIONAL CLIENT AS DEFINED IN POINT (10) OF ARTICLE 4(1) OF MIFID II; OR (III) NOT A QUALIFIED INVESTOR AS DEFINED IN THE PROSPECTUS DIRECTIVE.

 

CONSEQUENTLY NO KEY INFORMATION DOCUMENT REQUIRED BY REGULATION (EU) NO 1286/2014 (AS AMENDED, THE “PRIIPS REGULATION“ ) FOR OFFERING OR SELLING THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES OR OTHERWISE MAKING THEM AVAILABLE TO RETAIL INVESTORS IN THE EEA HAS BEEN PREPARED AND THEREFORE OFFERING OR SELLING THE CERTIFICATES OR OTHERWISE MAKING THEM AVAILABLE TO ANY RETAIL INVESTOR IN THE EEA MAY BE UNLAWFUL UNDER THE PRIIPS REGULATION.

 

THIS PROSPECTUS HAS BEEN PREPARED ON THE BASIS THAT ANY OFFER OF OFFERED CERTIFICATES IN ANY MEMBER STATE OF THE EEA WHICH HAS IMPLEMENTED THE PROSPECTUS DIRECTIVE (EACH, A “RELEVANT MEMBER STATE“) WILL ONLY BE MADE TO A LEGAL ENTITY WHICH IS A QUALIFIED INVESTOR UNDER THE PROSPECTUS DIRECTIVE (“QUALIFIED INVESTOR“). ACCORDINGLY ANY PERSON MAKING OR INTENDING TO MAKE AN OFFER IN THAT RELEVANT MEMBER STATE OF CERTIFICATES WHICH ARE THE SUBJECT OF AN OFFERING CONTEMPLATED IN THIS PROSPECTUS MAY ONLY DO SO WITH RESPECT TO QUALIFIED INVESTORS. NONE OF THE DEPOSITOR, THE ISSUING ENTITY OR ANY OF THE UNDERWRITERS HAS AUTHORIZED, NOR DOES ANY OF THEM AUTHORIZE, THE MAKING OF ANY OFFER OF OFFERED CERTIFICATES OTHER THAN TO QUALIFIED INVESTORS.

 

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ANY DISTRIBUTOR SUBJECT TO MIFID II THAT IS OFFERING, SELLING OR RECOMMENDING THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES IS RESPONSIBLE FOR UNDERTAKING ITS OWN TARGET MARKET ASSESSMENT IN RESPECT OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES AND DETERMINING ITS OWN DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE MIFID II PRODUCT GOVERNANCE RULES UNDER COMMISSION DELEGATED DIRECTIVE (EU) 2017/593 (THE “DELEGATED DIRECTIVE“). NEITHER THE ISSUING ENTITY, THE DEPOSITOR NOR ANY UNDERWRITER MAKES ANY REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES AS TO A DISTRIBUTOR’S COMPLIANCE WITH THE DELEGATED DIRECTIVE.

 

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM

 

THE ISSUING ENTITY MAY CONSTITUTE A “COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEME” AS DEFINED BY SECTION 235 OF THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AND MARKETS ACT 2000 (AS AMENDED, “FSMA“) THAT IS NOT A “RECOGNIZED COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEME” FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE FSMA AND THAT HAS NOT BEEN AUTHORIZED, REGULATED OR OTHERWISE RECOGNIZED OR APPROVED. AS AN UNREGULATED SCHEME, THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES CANNOT BE MARKETED IN THE UNITED KINGDOM TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC, EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FSMA.

 

THE DISTRIBUTION OF THIS PROSPECTUS (A) IF MADE BY A PERSON WHO IS NOT AN AUTHORIZED PERSON UNDER THE FSMA, IS BEING MADE ONLY TO, OR DIRECTED ONLY AT, PERSONS WHO (I) HAVE PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE IN MATTERS RELATING TO INVESTMENTS AND QUALIFY AS INVESTMENT PROFESSIONALS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 19(5) OF THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AND MARKETS ACT 2000 (FINANCIAL PROMOTION) ORDER 2005 (THE “FINANCIAL PROMOTION ORDER“), (II) ARE PERSONS FALLING WITHIN ARTICLE 49(2)(A) THROUGH (D) (HIGH NET WORTH COMPANIES, UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS, ETC.) OF THE FINANCIAL PROMOTION ORDER, OR (III) ARE PERSONS TO WHICH THIS PROSPECTUS MAY OTHERWISE LAWFULLY BE COMMUNICATED (ALL SUCH PERSONS TOGETHER BEING REFERRED TO AS “FPO PERSONS“); AND (B) IF MADE BY A PERSON WHO IS AN AUTHORIZED PERSON UNDER THE FSMA, IS BEING MADE ONLY TO, OR DIRECTED ONLY AT, PERSONS WHO (I) HAVE PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE OF PARTICIPATING IN UNREGULATED SCHEMES (AS DEFINED FOR PURPOSES OF THE FINANCIAL SERVICES AND MARKETS ACT 2000 (PROMOTION OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES) (EXEMPTIONS) ORDER 2001 (AS AMENDED, THE “PROMOTION OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES EXEMPTIONS ORDER“) AND WHICH FALL WITHIN ARTICLE 14(5) OF THE PROMOTION OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES EXEMPTIONS ORDER, OR (II) ARE PERSONS FALLING WITHIN ARTICLE 22(2)(A) THROUGH (D) (HIGH NET WORTH COMPANIES, UNINCORPORATED ASSOCIATIONS, ETC.) OF THE PROMOTION OF COLLECTIVE INVESTMENT SCHEMES EXEMPTIONS ORDER, OR (III) ARE PERSONS TO WHOM THE ISSUING ENTITY MAY LAWFULLY BE PROMOTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH SECTION 4.12 OF THE UK FINANCIAL CONDUCT AUTHORITY’S CONDUCT OF BUSINESS SOURCEBOOK (ALL SUCH PERSONS TOGETHER BEING REFERRED TO AS “PCIS PERSONS“ AND, TOGETHER WITH THE FPO PERSONS, THE “RELEVANT PERSONS“).

 

THIS PROSPECTUS MUST NOT BE ACTED ON OR RELIED ON BY PERSONS WHO ARE NOT RELEVANT PERSONS. ANY INVESTMENT OR INVESTMENT ACTIVITY TO WHICH THIS PROSPECTUS RELATES, INCLUDING THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES, IS AVAILABLE ONLY TO RELEVANT PERSONS AND WILL BE ENGAGED IN ONLY WITH RELEVANT PERSONS. ANY PERSONS OTHER THAN RELEVANT PERSONS SHOULD NOT ACT OR RELY ON THIS PROSPECTUS.

 

POTENTIAL INVESTORS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM ARE ADVISED THAT ALL, OR MOST, OF THE PROTECTIONS AFFORDED BY THE UNITED KINGDOM REGULATORY SYSTEM WILL NOT APPLY TO AN INVESTMENT IN THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES AND THAT

 

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COMPENSATION WILL NOT BE AVAILABLE UNDER THE UNITED KINGDOM FINANCIAL SERVICES COMPENSATION SCHEME.

 

PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES WILL NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA (EXCLUDING HONG KONG, MACAU AND TAIWAN, THE “PRC“) AS PART OF THE INITIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES BUT MAY BE AVAILABLE FOR PURCHASE BY INVESTORS RESIDENT IN THE PRC FROM OUTSIDE THE PRC.

 

THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY ANY SECURITIES IN THE PRC TO ANY PERSON TO WHOM IT IS UNLAWFUL TO MAKE THE OFFER OR SOLICITATION IN THE PRC.

 

THE DEPOSITOR DOES NOT REPRESENT THAT THIS PROSPECTUS MAY BE LAWFULLY DISTRIBUTED, OR THAT ANY OFFERED CERTIFICATES MAY BE LAWFULLY OFFERED, IN COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE REGISTRATION OR OTHER REQUIREMENTS IN THE PRC, OR PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION AVAILABLE THEREUNDER, OR ASSUME ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR FACILITATING ANY SUCH DISTRIBUTION OR OFFERING. IN PARTICULAR, NO ACTION HAS BEEN TAKEN BY THE DEPOSITOR WHICH WOULD PERMIT AN OFFERING OF ANY OFFERED CERTIFICATES OR THE DISTRIBUTION OF THIS PROSPECTUS IN THE PRC. ACCORDINGLY, THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES ARE NOT BEING OFFERED OR SOLD WITHIN THE PRC BY MEANS OF THIS PROSPECTUS OR ANY OTHER DOCUMENT. NEITHER THIS PROSPECTUS NOR ANY ADVERTISEMENT OR OTHER OFFERING MATERIAL MAY BE DISTRIBUTED OR PUBLISHED IN THE PRC, EXCEPT UNDER CIRCUMSTANCES THAT WILL RESULT IN COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS.

 

HONG KONG

 

THIS PROSPECTUS HAS NOT BEEN DELIVERED FOR REGISTRATION TO THE REGISTRAR OF COMPANIES IN HONG KONG AND THE CONTENTS OF THIS PROSPECTUS HAVE NOT BEEN REVIEWED OR APPROVED BY ANY REGULATORY AUTHORITY IN HONG KONG. THIS PROSPECTUS DOES NOT CONSTITUTE NOR INTEND TO BE AN OFFER OR INVITATION TO THE PUBLIC IN HONG KONG TO ACQUIRE THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES.

 

EACH UNDERWRITER HAS REPRESENTED, WARRANTED AND AGREED THAT: (1) IT HAS NOT OFFERED OR SOLD AND WILL NOT OFFER OR SELL IN HONG KONG, BY MEANS OF ANY DOCUMENT, ANY OFFERED CERTIFICATES (EXCEPT FOR CERTIFICATES WHICH ARE A “STRUCTURED PRODUCT“ AS DEFINED IN THE SECURITIES AND FUTURES ORDINANCE (CAP. 571) (THE “SFO“) OF HONG KONG) OTHER THAN (A) TO “PROFESSIONAL INVESTORS“ AS DEFINED IN THE SFO AND ANY RULES OR REGULATIONS MADE UNDER THE SFO; OR (B) IN OTHER CIRCUMSTANCES WHICH DO NOT RESULT IN THE DOCUMENT BEING A “PROSPECTUS“ AS DEFINED IN THE COMPANIES (WINDING UP AND MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS) ORDINANCE (CAP. 32) (THE “C(WUMP)O“) OF HONG KONG OR WHICH DO NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO THE PUBLIC WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE C(WUMP)O; AND (2) IT HAS NOT ISSUED OR HAD IN ITS POSSESSION FOR THE PURPOSES OF ISSUE, AND WILL NOT ISSUE OR HAVE IN ITS POSSESSION FOR THE PURPOSES OF ISSUE, WHETHER IN HONG KONG OR ELSEWHERE, ANY ADVERTISEMENT, INVITATION OR DOCUMENT RELATING TO THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES, WHICH IS DIRECTED AT, OR THE CONTENTS OF WHICH ARE LIKELY TO BE ACCESSED OR READ BY, THE PUBLIC OF HONG KONG (EXCEPT IF PERMITTED TO DO SO UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF HONG KONG) OTHER THAN WITH RESPECT TO OFFERED CERTIFICATES WHICH ARE OR ARE INTENDED TO BE DISPOSED OF ONLY TO PERSONS OUTSIDE HONG KONG OR ONLY TO

 

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PROFESSIONAL INVESTORS“ AS DEFINED IN THE SFO AND ANY RULES MADE UNDER THE SFO.

 

W A R N I N G

 

THE CONTENTS OF THIS PROSPECTUS HAVE NOT BEEN REVIEWED OR APPROVED BY ANY REGULATORY AUTHORITY IN HONG KONG. YOU ARE ADVISED TO EXERCISE CAUTION IN RELATION TO THE OFFER. IF YOU ARE IN ANY DOUBT ABOUT ANY OF THE CONTENTS OF THIS PROSPECTUS, YOU SHOULD OBTAIN INDEPENDENT PROFESSIONAL ADVICE.

 

SINGAPORE

 

NEITHER THIS PROSPECTUS NOR ANY OTHER DOCUMENT OR MATERIAL IN CONNECTION WITH ANY OFFER OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES HAS BEEN REGISTERED AS A PROSPECTUS WITH THE MONETARY AUTHORITY OF SINGAPORE (“MAS“) UNDER THE SECURITIES AND FUTURES ACT (CAP. 289) OF SINGAPORE (THE “SFA“). ACCORDINGLY, MAS ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE CONTENTS OF THIS PROSPECTUS. THIS PROSPECTUS IS NOT A PROSPECTUS AS DEFINED IN THE SFA AND STATUTORY LIABILITY UNDER THE SFA IN RELATION TO THE CONTENTS OF PROSPECTUSES WOULD NOT APPLY. ANY PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSIDER CAREFULLY WHETHER THE INVESTMENT IS SUITABLE FOR IT. THIS PROSPECTUS AND ANY OTHER DOCUMENT OR MATERIAL IN CONNECTION WITH THE OFFER OR SALE, OR INVITATION FOR SUBSCRIPTION OR PURCHASE, OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES MAY NOT BE CIRCULATED OR DISTRIBUTED, NOR MAY THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES BE OFFERED OR SOLD, OR BE MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN INVITATION FOR SUBSCRIPTION OR PURCHASE, WHETHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, TO PERSONS IN SINGAPORE OTHER THAN (I) TO AN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 4A(1)(c) OF THE SFA) PURSUANT TO SECTION 274 OF THE SFA (EACH AN “INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR“), (II) TO A RELEVANT PERSON (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 275(2) OF THE SFA) PURSUANT TO SECTION 275(1), OR ANY PERSON PURSUANT TO SECTION 275(1A) OF THE SFA, AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 275 OF THE SFA, PROVIDED ALWAYS THAT NONE OF SUCH PERSON SHALL BE AN INDIVIDUAL OTHER THAN AN INDIVIDUAL WHO IS AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 4A(1)(a) OF THE SFA) (EACH, A “RELEVANT INVESTOR“).

 

NO CERTIFICATES ACQUIRED BY (I) AN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR; OR (II) A RELEVANT INVESTOR IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 275 OF THE SFA MAY BE OFFERED OR SOLD, MADE THE SUBJECT OF AN INVITATION FOR SUBSCRIPTION OR PURCHASE, OR OTHERWISE TRANSFERRED, WHETHER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, TO PERSONS IN SINGAPORE, OTHER THAN TO (I) AN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR; OR (II) A RELEVANT INVESTOR IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 275 OF THE SFA.

 

WHERE THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES ARE SUBSCRIBED OR PURCHASED UNDER SECTION 275 OF THE SFA BY A RELEVANT PERSON WHICH IS: (A) A CORPORATION (WHICH IS NOT AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 4A OF THE SFA)) THE SOLE BUSINESS OF WHICH IS TO HOLD INVESTMENTS AND THE ENTIRE SHARE CAPITAL OF WHICH IS OWNED BY ONE OR MORE INDIVIDUALS, EACH OF WHOM IS AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR; OR (B) A TRUST (WHERE THE TRUSTEE IS NOT AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR) WHOSE SOLE PURPOSE IS TO HOLD INVESTMENTS AND EACH BENEFICIARY IS AN ACCREDITED INVESTOR, SECURITIES (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 239(1) OF THE SFA) OF THAT CORPORATION OR THE BENEFICIARIES’ RIGHTS AND INTEREST (HOWSOEVER DESCRIBED) IN THAT TRUST SHALL NOT BE TRANSFERABLE FOR 6 MONTHS AFTER THAT CORPORATION OR THAT TRUST HAS ACQUIRED THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES UNDER

 

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SECTION 275 OF THE SFA EXCEPT: (1) TO AN INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR UNDER SECTION 274 OF THE SFA OR TO A RELEVANT PERSON (AS DEFINED IN SECTION 275(2) OF THE SFA), OR TO ANY PERSON PURSUANT TO AN OFFER THAT IS MADE ON TERMS THAT SUCH SHARES, DEBENTURES AND UNITS OF SHARES AND DEBENTURES OF THAT CORPORATION OR SUCH RIGHTS OR INTEREST IN THAT TRUST ARE ACQUIRED AT A CONSIDERATION OF NOT LESS THAN 200,000 SINGAPORE DOLLARS (OR ITS EQUIVALENT IN A FOREIGN CURRENCY) FOR EACH TRANSACTION, WHETHER SUCH AMOUNT IS TO BE PAID FOR IN CASH OR BY EXCHANGE OF SECURITIES OR OTHER ASSETS, AND FURTHER FOR CORPORATIONS, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 275(1A) OF THE SFA; (2) WHERE NO CONSIDERATION IS GIVEN FOR THE TRANSFER; (3) WHERE THE TRANSFER IS BY OPERATION OF LAW; OR (4) AS SPECIFIED IN SECTION 276(7) OF THE SFA.

 

REPUBLIC OF KOREA

 

THESE CERTIFICATES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE FINANCIAL SERVICES COMMISSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA FOR A PUBLIC OFFERING IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA. THE UNDERWRITERS HAVE THEREFORE REPRESENTED AND AGREED THAT THE CERTIFICATES HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD OR DELIVERED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OR OFFERED, SOLD OR DELIVERED TO ANY PERSON FOR RE-OFFERING OR RESALE, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, IN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA OR TO ANY RESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA, EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PERMITTED UNDER APPLICABLE LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA, INCLUDING THE FINANCIAL INVESTMENT SERVICES AND CAPITAL MARKETS ACT AND THE FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS LAW AND THE DECREES AND REGULATIONS THEREUNDER.

 

JAPAN

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES HAVE NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE REGISTERED UNDER THE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND EXCHANGE LAW OF JAPAN, AS AMENDED (THE “FIEL“), AND DISCLOSURE UNDER THE FIEL HAS NOT BEEN AND WILL NOT BE MADE WITH RESPECT TO THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES. ACCORDINGLY, EACH UNDERWRITER HAS REPRESENTED AND AGREED THAT IT HAS NOT, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OFFERED OR SOLD AND WILL NOT, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, OFFER OR SELL ANY OFFERED CERTIFICATES IN JAPAN OR TO, OR FOR THE BENEFIT OF, ANY RESIDENT OF JAPAN (WHICH TERM AS USED IN THIS PROSPECTUS MEANS ANY PERSON RESIDENT IN JAPAN, INCLUDING ANY CORPORATION OR OTHER ENTITY ORGANIZED UNDER THE LAWS OF JAPAN) OR TO OTHERS FOR REOFFERING OR RE-SALE, DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY, IN JAPAN OR TO, OR FOR THE BENEFIT OF, ANY RESIDENT OF JAPAN EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF, AND OTHERWISE IN COMPLIANCE WITH, THE FIEL AND OTHER RELEVANT LAWS, REGULATIONS AND MINISTERIAL GUIDELINES OF JAPAN. AS PART OF THIS OFFERING OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES, THE UNDERWRITERS MAY OFFER THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES IN JAPAN TO UP TO 49 OFFEREES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE ABOVE PROVISIONS.

 

NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF CANADA

 

THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES MAY BE SOLD IN CANADA ONLY TO PURCHASERS PURCHASING, OR DEEMED TO BE PURCHASING, AS PRINCIPAL THAT ARE ACCREDITED INVESTORS, AS DEFINED IN NATIONAL INSTRUMENT 45-106 PROSPECTUS EXEMPTIONS OR SUBSECTION 73.3(1) OF THE SECURITIES ACT (ONTARIO), AND ARE PERMITTED CLIENTS, AS DEFINED IN NATIONAL INSTRUMENT 31-103 REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS, EXEMPTIONS AND ONGOING REGISTRANT OBLIGATIONS. ANY RESALE OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES MUST BE MADE IN ACCORDANCE WITH AN EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A

 

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TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE PROSPECTUS REQUIREMENTS OF APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS.

 

SECURITIES LEGISLATION IN CERTAIN PROVINCES OR TERRITORIES OF CANADA MAY PROVIDE A PURCHASER WITH REMEDIES FOR RESCISSION OR DAMAGES IF THIS PROSPECTUS (INCLUDING ANY AMENDMENT THERETO) CONTAINS A MISREPRESENTATION, PROVIDED THAT THE REMEDIES FOR RESCISSION OR DAMAGES ARE EXERCISED BY THE PURCHASER WITHIN THE TIME LIMIT PRESCRIBED BY THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF THE PURCHASER’S PROVINCE OR TERRITORY. THE PURCHASER SHOULD REFER TO ANY APPLICABLE PROVISIONS OF THE SECURITIES LEGISLATION OF THE PURCHASER’S PROVINCE OR TERRITORY FOR PARTICULARS OF THESE RIGHTS OR CONSULT WITH A LEGAL ADVISOR.

 

PURSUANT TO SECTION 3A.3 OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENT 33-105 UNDERWRITING CONFLICTS (“NI 33-105“), THE UNDERWRITERS ARE NOT REQUIRED TO COMPLY WITH THE DISCLOSURE REQUIREMENTS OF NI 33-105 REGARDING UNDERWRITER CONFLICTS OF INTEREST IN CONNECTION WITH THIS OFFERING.

 

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Summary of Terms

 

This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus. It does not contain all of the information you need to consider in making your investment decision. To understand all of the terms of the offering of the offered certificates, read this entire document carefully.

 

Relevant Parties

 

Title of Certificates Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2018-C48.

 

DepositorWells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc., a North Carolina corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, a national banking association organized under the laws of the United States of America, which is a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Wells Fargo & Company, a Delaware corporation. The depositor’s address is 301 South College Street, Charlotte, North Carolina 28202–0901 and its telephone number is (704) 374-6161. See “Transaction Parties—The Depositor”.

 

Issuing Entity Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48, a New York common law trust, to be established on the closing date under the pooling and servicing agreement. For more detailed information, see “Transaction Parties—The Issuing Entity”.

 

Sponsors; Mortgage 

Loan Sellers; Originators The sponsors of this transaction are:

 

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, a national banking association

 

Barclays Bank PLC, a public limited company registered in England and Wales

 

Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company

 

BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company

 

The sponsors are sometimes also referred to in this prospectus as the “mortgage loan sellers”.

 

 

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The mortgage loan sellers will transfer to the depositor the mortgage loans set forth in the following chart, and the depositor will in turn sell the mortgage loans to the issuing entity.

 

Sellers of the Mortgage Loans
 
Mortgage Loan Seller  Number of Mortgage Loans  Aggregate Principal Balance of Mortgage Loans  Approx.
% of
Initial
Pool
Balance
Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC   16   $300,741,141   36.1%
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association   16    168,585,000   20.2 
Barclays Bank PLC   8    161,953,431   19.4 
Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC   7    109,604,372   13.1 
BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC   5    93,050,000   11.2 
Total   52   $833,933,944   100.0%

 

All of the mortgage loans were originated by their respective sellers or affiliates thereof, except (i) those certain mortgage loans that are part of larger whole loan structures that were co-originated by the applicable seller with one or more other lenders and (ii) one mortgage loan to be sold by BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC, which is part of larger whole loan structure that was co-originated by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Column Financial, Inc. and was acquired by BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC.

 

See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—General—Co-Originated or Third-Party Originated Mortgage Loans”.

 

Master Servicer Wells Fargo Bank, National Association will be the master servicer. The master servicer will be responsible for the master servicing and administration of the mortgage loans and any related companion loan pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement (other than any mortgage loan or companion loan that is part of a whole loan and serviced under the related trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, related to the transaction indicated in the table entitled “Non-Serviced Whole Loans” under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans” below). The principal west coast commercial mortgage master servicing offices of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association are located at MAC A0227-020, 1901 Harrison Street, Oakland, California 94612. The principal east coast commercial mortgage master servicing offices of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association are located at Three Wells Fargo, MAC D1050-084, 401 South Tryon Street, Charlotte, North Carolina 28202. See “Transaction Parties—The Master Servicer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

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The non-serviced mortgage loans will be serviced by the master servicer set forth in the table below under the heading “Non-Serviced Whole Loans” under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans”. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

Special Servicer LNR Partners, LLC, a Florida limited liability company, will act as special servicer with respect to the mortgage loans (other than any excluded special servicer loans) and any related companion loan other than with respect to the non-serviced mortgage loans and related companion loan(s) set forth in the table entitled “Non-Serviced Whole Loans” under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans” below. The special servicer will be primarily responsible for (i) making decisions and performing certain servicing functions with respect to such mortgage loans and any related companion loan as to which a special servicing transfer event (such as a default or an imminent default) has occurred and (ii) reviewing, evaluating, processing and providing or withholding consent as to major decisions relating to such mortgage loans and any related companion loan for which a special servicing transfer event has not occurred, in each case pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction. The principal servicing offices of the special servicer is located at 1601 Washington Avenue, Suite 700, Miami Beach, Florida 33139. See “Transaction Parties—The Special Servicer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

If the special servicer obtains knowledge that it has become a borrower party with respect to any mortgage loan (such mortgage loan referred to herein as an “excluded special servicer loan”), the special servicer will be required to resign as special servicer of that excluded special servicer loan. Prior to the occurrence and continuance of a control termination event under the pooling and servicing agreement, the directing certificateholder will be required to select a separate special servicer that is not a borrower party (referred to herein as an “excluded special servicer”) with respect to any excluded special servicer loan, unless such excluded special servicer loan is also an excluded loan. After the occurrence and during the continuance of a control termination event or if at any time the applicable excluded special servicer loan is also an excluded loan, the resigning special servicer will be required to use commercially reasonable efforts to select the related excluded special servicer. See “—Directing Certificateholder” below and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause”. Any excluded special

 

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servicer will be required to perform all of the obligations of the special servicer and will be entitled to all special servicing compensation with respect to such excluded special servicer loan earned during such time as the related mortgage loan is an excluded special servicer loan.

 

LNR Partners, LLC is expected to be appointed as special servicer by Argentic Securities Income USA LLC, or an affiliate thereof, which, on the closing date, is expected to be appointed (or to appoint an affiliate) as the initial directing certificateholder. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”.

 

The special servicer of each non-serviced mortgage loan is set forth in the table below entitled “Non-Serviced Whole Loans” under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans”. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans.

 

TrusteeWilmington Trust, National Association will act as trustee. The corporate trust office of the trustee is located at 1100 North Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19890, Attention: WFCM 2018-C48. Following the transfer of the mortgage loans, the trustee, on behalf of the issuing entity, will become the mortgagee of record for each mortgage loan (other than a non-serviced mortgage loan) and any related companion loan. See “Transaction Parties—The Trustee” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

With respect to each non-serviced mortgage loan, the entity set forth in the table entitled “Non-Serviced Whole Loans” under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans” below, in its capacity as trustee under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, for the indicated transaction, is the mortgagee of record for that non-serviced mortgage loan and any related companion loan. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

Certificate Administrator Wells Fargo Bank, National Association will act as certificate administrator. The certificate administrator will also be required to act as custodian, certificate registrar, REMIC administrator, 17g-5 information provider and authenticating agent. The corporate trust offices of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association are located at 9062 Old Annapolis Road, Columbia, Maryland 21045, and for certificate transfer purposes are located at 600 South 4th Street, 7th Floor, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55479. See “Transaction Parties—The Certificate Administrator” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

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The custodian with respect to each non-serviced mortgage loan will be the entity set forth in the table below entitled “Non-Serviced Whole Loans” under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans”, as custodian under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, for the indicated transaction. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

Operating Advisor Pentalpha Surveillance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, will be the operating advisor. The operating advisor will have certain review and reporting responsibilities with respect to the performance of the special servicer, and in certain circumstances may recommend to the certificateholders that the special servicer be replaced. The operating advisor will generally have no obligations or consultation rights as operating advisor under the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction with respect to a non-serviced mortgage loan or any related REO property. See “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor”.

 

Asset Representations

ReviewerPentalpha Surveillance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, will also be serving as the asset representations reviewer. The asset representations reviewer will be required to review certain delinquent mortgage loans after a specified delinquency threshold has been exceeded and the required percentage of certificateholders vote to direct a review of such delinquent mortgage loans. See “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Asset Representations Reviewer”.

 

Directing Certificateholder The directing certificateholder will have certain consent and consultation rights in certain circumstances with respect to the mortgage loans (other than certain excluded loans as described in the next paragraph), as further described in this prospectus. The directing certificateholder will generally be the controlling class certificateholder (or its representative) selected by more than a specified percentage of the controlling class certificateholders (by certificate balance, as certified by the certificate registrar from time to time as provided for in the pooling and servicing agreement).

 

With respect to the directing certificateholder or the holder of the majority of the controlling class certificates, an “excluded loan” is a mortgage loan or whole loan with respect to which the directing certificateholder or the holder of the majority of the

 

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controlling class certificates is a borrower, a mortgagor, a manager of a mortgaged property, the holder of a mezzanine loan that has accelerated the related mezzanine loan (subject to certain exceptions) or commenced foreclosure or enforcement proceedings against the equity collateral pledged to secure the related mezzanine loan, or any borrower party affiliate thereof. However, in certain circumstances (such as when no directing certificateholder has been appointed and no one holder owns the largest aggregate certificate balance of the controlling class) there may be no directing certificateholder even if there is a controlling class. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”.

 

The controlling class will be, as of any date of determination, the most subordinate class of the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates then outstanding that has an aggregate certificate balance, as notionally reduced by any cumulative appraisal reduction amounts allocable to such class, at least equal to 25% of the initial certificate balance of that class. As of the closing date, the controlling class will be the Class H-RR certificates. No class of certificates, other than as described above, will be eligible to act as the controlling class or appoint a directing certificateholder.

 

It is expected that on the closing date, Argentic Securities Holdings Cayman Limited or an affiliate will purchase or otherwise acquire a majority of the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR and Class V certificates, and that Argentic Securities Income USA LLC will be appointed as the initial directing certificateholder with respect to each mortgage loan (other than (i) any non-serviced mortgage loan or (ii) any excluded loan).

 

Each entity identified in the table entitled “Non-Serviced Whole Loans” under “—The Mortgage Pool—Whole Loans” below is the initial directing certificateholder (or the equivalent) under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, for the indicated transaction and will have certain consent and consultation rights with respect to the related non-serviced whole loan, which are substantially similar, but not identical, to those of the directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization, subject to similar appraisal mechanics. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans”, “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan” and “Pooling and

 

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Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

Certain Affiliations

and Relationships The originators, the sponsors, the underwriters, and parties to the pooling and servicing agreement have various roles in this transaction as well as certain relationships with parties to this transaction and certain of their affiliates. These roles and other potential relationships may give rise to conflicts of interest as further described in this prospectus under “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest” and “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

Relevant Dates and Periods

 

Cut-off Date The mortgage loans will be considered part of the trust fund as of their respective cut-off dates. The cut-off date with respect to each mortgage loan is the respective due date for the monthly debt service payment that is due in December 2018 (or, in the case of any mortgage loan that has its first due date in January 2019, the date that would have been its due date in December 2018 under the terms of that mortgage loan if a monthly debt service payment were scheduled to be due in that month).

 

Closing Date On or about December 20, 2018.

 

Distribution Date The 4th business day following each determination date. The first distribution date will be in January 2019.

 

Determination Date The 11th day of each month or, if the 11th day is not a business day, then the business day immediately following such 11th day.

 

Record Date With respect to any distribution date, the last business day of the month preceding the month in which that distribution date occurs.

 

Business Day Under the pooling and servicing agreement, a business day will be any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or a day on which banking institutions in Florida, Maryland, North Carolina, New York, California or any of the jurisdictions in which the respective primary servicing offices of the master servicer or the special servicer or the corporate trust offices of either the certificate administrator or the trustee are located, or the New York Stock Exchange or the Federal Reserve System of the United States of America, are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to remain closed.

 

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Interest Accrual Period The interest accrual period for each class of offered certificates for each distribution date will be the calendar month immediately preceding the month in which that distribution date occurs.

 

Collection Period For any mortgage loan to be held by the issuing entity and any distribution date, the period commencing on the day immediately following the due date for such mortgage loan in the month preceding the month in which that distribution date occurs and ending on and including the due date for such mortgage loan in the month in which that distribution date occurs. However, in the event that the last day of a collection period is not a business day, any periodic payments received with respect to the mortgage loans relating to that collection period on the business day immediately following that last day will be deemed to have been received during that collection period and not during any other collection period.

 

Assumed Final 

Distribution Date; Rated

Final Distribution Date The assumed final distribution dates set forth below for each class have been determined on the basis of the assumptions described in “Description of the Certificates—Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date”:

 

Class

Assumed Final Distribution Date 

Class A-1 May 2023
Class A-2 October 2023
Class A-3 November 2025
Class A-SB April 2028
Class A-4 September 2028 – October 2028(1)
Class A-5 December 2028 – December 2028(2)
Class X-A NAP
Class X-B NAP
Class A-S December 2028
Class B December 2028
Class C December 2028

 

 

(1)The range of Assumed Final Distribution Dates is based on the initial certificate balance of the Class A-4 certificates ranging from $100,000,000 to $230,000,000.

 

(2)The range of Assumed Final Distribution Dates is based on the initial certificate balance of the Class A-5 certificates ranging from $242,352,000 to $372,352,000.

 

The rated final distribution date will be the distribution date in January 2052.

 

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Transaction Overview

 

On the closing date, each sponsor will sell its respective mortgage loans to the depositor, which will in turn deposit the mortgage loans into the issuing entity, a common law trust created on the closing date. The issuing entity will be formed by a pooling and servicing agreement to be entered into among the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer.

 

The transfers of the mortgage loans from the sponsors to the depositor and from the depositor to the issuing entity in exchange for the offered certificates are illustrated below:

 

 

 

Offered Certificates

 

GeneralWe are offering the following classes of commercial mortgage pass-through certificates as part of Series 2018-C48:

 

Class A-1

 

Class A-2

 

Class A-3

 

Class A-SB

 

Class A-4

 

Class A-5

 

Class X-A

 

Class X-B

 

Class A-S

 

Class B

 

Class C

 

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The certificates of this Series will consist of the above classes and the following classes that are not being offered by this prospectus: Class X-D, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR, Class V and Class R.

 

Certificate Balances and

Notional Amounts Your certificates will have the approximate aggregate initial certificate balance or notional amount set forth below, subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%:

 

Class

 

Approx. Initial
Aggregate
Certificate Balance
or Notional
Amount

 

Approx. %
of Initial
Pool
Balance

 

Approx.
Initial Credit
Support(1)
 

Class A-1   $18,490,000    2.217%  30.000%
Class A-2   $36,431,000    4.369%  30.000%
Class A-3   $23,767,000    2.850%  30.000%
Class A-SB   $32,713,000    3.923%  30.000%
Class A-4    (2)   (2)  30.000%
Class A-5    (2)   (2)  30.000%
Class X-A   $583,753,000    NAP   NAP 
Class X-B   $138,642,000    NAP   NAP 
Class A-S   $59,418,000    7.125%  22.875%
Class B   $40,654,000    4.875%  18.000%
Class C   $38,570,000    4.625%  13.375%
               
 
(1)The approximate initial credit support with respect to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates represents the approximate credit enhancement for the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates in the aggregate.

 

(2)The exact initial certificate balances of the Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates are unknown and will be determined based on the final pricing of those classes of certificates. The initial certificate balance of the Class A-4 Certificates is expected to fall within a range of $100,000,000 and $230,000,000, representing between approximately 11.991% and 27.580% of the Initial Pool Balance. The initial certificate balance of the Class A-5 Certificates is expected to fall within a range of $242,352,000 and $372,352,000, representing between approximately 29.061% and 44.650% of the Initial Pool Balance.

 

Pass-Through Rates

 

A. Offered Certificates Your certificates will accrue interest at an annual rate called a pass-through rate. The initial approximate pass-through rate is set forth below for each class of certificates:

 

Class

Approx. Initial Pass-
Through Rate(1) 

Class A-1 [_ [ ]%
Class A-2 [_ [ ]%
Class A-3 [_ [ ]%
Class A-SB [_ [ ]%
Class A-4 [_ [ ]%
Class A-5 [_ [ ]%
Class X-A [_ [ ]%
Class X-B [_ [ ]%
Class A-S [_ [ ]%
Class B [_ [ ]%
Class C [_ [ ]%

 

(1)The pass-through rates for the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates for any distribution date will be a per annum rate equal to one of the following: (i) a fixed rate, (ii) a variable rate per annum equal to the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the

 

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related distribution date, (iii) a variable rate equal to the lesser of (a) a fixed rate and (b) the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the related distribution date or (iv) a variable rate equal to the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates for the related distribution date minus a specified percentage. The pass-through rate for the Class X-A certificates for any distribution date will be a per annum rate equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the related distribution date, over (b) the weighted average of the pass-through rates on the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates for the related distribution date, weighted on the basis of their respective aggregate certificate balances outstanding immediately prior to that distribution date. The pass-through rate for the Class X-B certificates for any distribution date will be a per annum rate equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for the related distribution date, over (b) the weighted average of the pass-through rates on the Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates for the related distribution date, weighted on the basis of their respective aggregate certificate balances outstanding immediately prior to that distribution date. For purposes of the calculation of the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans for each distribution date, the mortgage interest rates will be adjusted as necessary to a 30/360 basis.

 

B. Interest Rate

 Calculation Convention Interest on the offered certificates at their applicable pass-through rates will be calculated based on a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months, or a “30/360 basis”.

 

For purposes of calculating the pass-through rates on the Class X-A and Class X-B certificates and any other class of certificates that has a pass-through rate limited by, equal to or based on the weighted average net mortgage interest rate (which calculation does not include any companion loan interest rate), the mortgage loan interest rates will not reflect any default interest rate, any loan term modifications agreed to by the special servicer or any modifications resulting from a borrower’s bankruptcy or insolvency.

 

For purposes of calculating the pass-through rates on the offered certificates, the interest rate for each mortgage loan that accrues interest based on the actual number of days in each month and assuming a 360-day year, or an “actual/360 basis”, will be recalculated, if necessary, so that the amount of interest that would accrue at that recalculated rate in the applicable month, calculated on a 30/360 basis, will equal the amount of interest that is required to be paid on that mortgage loan in that month, subject to certain adjustments as described in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Pass-Through Rates” and “—Interest Distribution Amount”.

 

C. Servicing and 

Administration Fees Each of the master servicer and the special servicer is entitled to a servicing fee or special servicing fee, as the case may be, from the interest payments on each mortgage loan (other than any non-serviced mortgage loan with respect to the special servicing fee only), any

 

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related serviced companion loan and any related REO loans and, with respect to the special servicing fees, if the related mortgage loan interest payments (or other collections in respect of the related mortgage loan or mortgaged property) are insufficient, then from general collections on all mortgage loans.

 

The servicing fee for each distribution date, including the master servicing fee and the portion of the servicing fee payable to any primary servicer or subservicer, is calculated on the outstanding principal amount of each mortgage loan (including any non-serviced mortgage loan) and any related serviced companion loan at a servicing fee rate equal to a per annum rate ranging from 0.00375% to 0.07500%.

 

The special servicing fee for each distribution date is calculated based on the outstanding principal amount of each mortgage loan (other than any non-serviced mortgage loan) and any related serviced companion loan as to which a special servicing transfer event has occurred (including any REO loans), on a loan-by-loan basis at the special servicing fee rate equal to the greater of (i) a per annum rate of 0.25000% and (ii) the per annum rate that would result in a special servicing fee of $3,500 for the related month. The special servicer will not be entitled to a special servicing fee with respect to any non-serviced mortgage loan.

 

Any primary servicing fees or sub-servicing fees with respect to each mortgage loan (other than any non-serviced mortgage loan) and any related serviced companion loan will be paid by the master servicer or special servicer, respectively, out of the fees described above.

 

The master servicer and special servicer are also entitled to additional fees and amounts, including income on the amounts held in certain accounts and certain permitted investments, liquidation fees and workout fees. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses.

 

The certificate administrator fee for each distribution date is calculated on the outstanding principal amount of each mortgage loan (including any REO loan and any non-serviced mortgage loan, but not any companion loan) at a per annum rate equal to 0.00840%. The trustee fee is payable by the certificate administrator from the certificate administrator fee and is equal to $290 per month.

 

The operating advisor will be entitled to a fee on each distribution date calculated on the outstanding principal

 

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amount of each mortgage loan and REO loan (excluding any non-serviced mortgage loan and any related companion loan) at a per annum rate equal to 0.00205%. The operating advisor will also be entitled under certain circumstances to a consulting fee.

 

The asset representations reviewer will be entitled to an upfront fee of $5,000 on the closing date. As compensation for the performance of its routine duties, the asset representations reviewer will be entitled to a fee on each distribution date calculated on the outstanding principal amount of each mortgage loan and REO loan (including any non-serviced mortgage loan, but excluding any related companion loan(s)) at a per annum rate equal to 0.00035%. Upon the completion of any asset review with respect to each delinquent loan, the asset representations reviewer will be entitled to a per loan fee in an amount described in “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses—Asset Representations Reviewer Compensation”.

 

Each party to the pooling and servicing agreement will also be entitled to be reimbursed by the issuing entity for costs, expenses and liabilities borne by them in certain circumstances. Fees and expenses payable by the issuing entity to any party to the pooling and servicing agreement are generally payable prior to any distributions to certificateholders.

 

Additionally, with respect to each distribution date, an amount equal to the product of 0.00050% per annum multiplied by the outstanding principal amount of each mortgage loan and any REO loan will be payable to CRE Finance Council® as a license fee for use of its names and trademarks, including an investor reporting package. This fee will be payable prior to any distributions to certificateholders.

 

Payment of the fees and reimbursement of the costs and expenses described above will generally have priority over the distribution of amounts payable to the certificateholders. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses”, “—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer For Cause” and “—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification.

 

With respect to each non-serviced mortgage loan set forth in the table below, the master servicer under the related trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, governing the servicing of that mortgage loan will be entitled to a primary servicing fee at a rate equal to a per annum

 

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rate set forth in the table below, and the special servicer under the related trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, will be entitled to a special servicing fee at a rate equal to the per annum rate set forth below. In addition, each party to the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, governing the servicing of a non-serviced whole loan will be entitled to receive other fees and reimbursements with respect to the related non-serviced mortgage loan in amounts, from sources, and at frequencies, that are similar, but not necessarily identical, to those described above and, in certain cases (for example, with respect to unreimbursed special servicing fees and servicing advances with respect to the related non-serviced whole loan), such amounts will be reimbursable from general collections on the mortgage loans to the extent not recoverable from the related non-serviced whole loan and to the extent allocable to the related non-serviced mortgage loan pursuant to the related intercreditor agreement. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans”, “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

NON-SERVICED MORTGAGE LOANS

Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan

Primary Servicing
Fee Rate(1)

Special Servicing
Fee Rate

Starwood Hotel Portfolio 0.00250% per annum 0.25000% per annum(2)
Christiana Mall 0.00125% per annum 0.12500% per annum
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio 0.00250% per annum 0.25000% per annum(3)
Aventura Mall 0.00125% per annum 0.25000% per annum
Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio 0.00250% per annum 0.25000% per annum(4)
Home Depot Technology Center 0.00125% per annum 0.25000% per annum(5)
Liberty Portfolio 0.00250% per annum 0.25000% per annum(6)
Fair Oaks Mall 0.00250% per annum 0.25000% per annum

 

 

(1)Each primary servicing fee rate described in the table and footnotes thereto is included as part of the Servicing Fee Rate.

 

(2)The special servicing fee rate is the greater of (i) 0.25000% per annum or (ii) the rate that would result in a special servicing fee of $3,500 per month.

  

(3)The special servicing fee rate is the greater of (i) 0.25000% per annum or (ii) the rate that would result in a special servicing fee of $3,500 per month.

 

(4)The special servicing fee rate is the greater of (i) 0.25000% per annum or (ii) the rate that would result in a special servicing fee of $3,500 per month.

 

(5)The special servicing fee rate is the greater of (i) 0.25000% per annum or (ii) the rate that would result in a special servicing fee of $3,500 per month.

 

(6)The special servicing fee rate is the greater of (i) 0.25000% per annum or (ii) the rate that would result in a special servicing fee of $3,500 per month.

 

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Distributions

 

A. Amount and Order

       of Distributions on

CertificatesOn each distribution date, funds available for distribution to the certificates (other than any yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums and any excess interest distributable to the Class V certificates) will be distributed in the following amounts and order of priority:

 

First, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to, and pro rata in accordance with, the interest entitlements for those classes;

 

Second, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, as follows: (i) to the extent of funds allocated to principal and available for distribution: (a) first, to principal on the Class A-SB certificates, until the certificate balance of the Class A-SB certificates is reduced to the planned principal balance for the related distribution date set forth in Annex E to this prospectus, (b) second, to principal on the Class A-1 certificates, until the certificate balance of the Class A-1 certificates has been reduced to zero, (c) third, to principal on the Class A-2 certificates, until the certificate balance of the Class A-2 certificates has been reduced to zero, (d) fourth, to principal on the Class A-3 certificates until the certificate balance of the Class A-3 certificates has been reduced to zero, (e) fifth, to principal on the Class A-4 certificates until the certificate balance of the Class A-4 certificates has been reduced to zero, (f) sixth, to principal on the Class A-5 certificates until the certificate balance of the Class A-5 certificates has been reduced to zero, and (g) seventh, to principal on the Class A-SB certificates, until the certificate balance of the Class A-SB certificates has been reduced to zero, or (ii) if the certificate balance of each class of certificates other than the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates has been reduced to zero as a result of the allocation of mortgage loan losses to those classes of certificates, funds available for distributions of principal will be distributed to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, pro rata, without regard to the distribution priorities described above or the planned principal balance of the Class A-SB certificates.

 

Third, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, to reimburse

 

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the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, pro rata, based upon the aggregate unreimbursed losses previously allocated to each such class, up to the amount of any previously unreimbursed losses on the mortgage loans allocable to principal that were previously borne by those classes, together with interest on that amount at the pass-through rate for such class;

 

Fourth, to the Class A-S certificates as follows: (a) to interest on the Class A-S certificates up to the amount of its interest entitlement; (b) to the extent of funds allocable to principal remaining after distributions in respect of principal to each class with a higher priority (as set forth in prior enumerated clauses set forth above), to principal on the Class A-S certificates until its certificate balance has been reduced to zero; and (c) to reimburse the Class A-S certificates up to the amount of any previously unreimbursed losses on the mortgage loans that were previously allocated to those certificates, together with interest on that amount at the pass-through rate for such class;

 

Fifth, to the Class B certificates as follows: (a) to interest on the Class B certificates up to the amount of its interest entitlement; (b) to the extent of funds allocable to principal remaining after distributions in respect of principal to each class with a higher priority (as set forth in prior enumerated clauses set forth above), to principal on the Class B certificates until its certificate balance has been reduced to zero; and (c) to reimburse the Class B certificates up to the amount of any previously unreimbursed losses on the mortgage loans that were previously allocated to those certificates, together with interest on that amount at the pass-through rate for such class;

 

Sixth, to the Class C certificates as follows: (a) to interest on the Class C certificates up to the amount of its interest entitlement; (b) to the extent of funds allocable to principal remaining after distributions in respect of principal to each class with a higher priority (as set forth in prior enumerated clauses set forth above), to principal on the Class C certificates until its certificate balance has been reduced to zero; and (c) to reimburse the Class C certificates up to the amount of any previously unreimbursed losses on the mortgage loans that were previously allocated to those certificates, together with interest on that amount at the pass-through rate for such class;

 

Seventh, to the non-offered certificates (other than the Class X-D, Class V and Class R certificates) in the

 

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amounts and order of priority described in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions”; and

 

Eighth, to the Class R certificates, any remaining amounts.

 

For more detailed information regarding distributions on the certificates, see “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”.

 

B. Interest and Principal

EntitlementsA description of the interest entitlement of each class of certificates (other than the Class V and Class R certificates) can be found in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Interest Distribution Amount”. As described in that section, there are circumstances in which your interest entitlement for a distribution date could be less than one full month’s interest at the pass-through rate on your certificate’s balance or notional amount.

 

A description of the amount of principal required to be distributed to each class of certificates entitled to principal on a particular distribution date can be found in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Principal Distribution Amount”.

 

C. Yield Maintenance 

Charges, Prepayment

PremiumsYield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums with respect to the mortgage loans will be allocated to the certificates as described in “Description of the Certificates—Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums”.

 

For an explanation of the calculation of yield maintenance charges, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans”.

 

D. Subordination,

Allocation of Losses 

 and Certain Expenses The chart below describes the manner in which the payment rights of certain classes of certificates will be senior or subordinate, as the case may be, to the payment rights of other classes of certificates. The chart also shows the manner in which mortgage loan losses are allocated to certain classes of the certificates in ascending order (beginning with the non-offered certificates, other than the Class X-D, Class V and Class R certificates) to reduce the balance of each such class to zero; provided that no principal payments or mortgage loan losses will be allocated to the Class X-A, Class X-B, Class X-D, Class V or Class R certificates, although principal payments and mortgage loan losses

 

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may reduce the notional amounts of the Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates and, therefore, the amount of interest they accrue.

 

 

 

 

(1)The Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates are interest-only certificates.

 

(2)The Class X-D certificates are non-offered certificates.

 

(3)Other than the Class X-D, Class V and Class R certificates.

 

Other than the subordination of certain classes of certificates, as described above, no other form of credit enhancement will be available for the benefit of the holders of the offered certificates.

 

The notional amount of the Class X-A certificates will be reduced by the amount of principal losses or principal payments, if any, allocated to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates. The notional amount of the Class X-B certificates will be reduced by the amount of principal losses or principal payments, if any, allocated to the Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates.

 

To the extent funds are available on a subsequent distribution date for distribution on your offered certificates, you will be reimbursed for any losses allocated to your offered certificates with interest at the pass-through rate on those offered certificates in accordance with the distribution priorities.

 

See “Description of the Certificates—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses” for more detailed information regarding the subordination provisions applicable to the certificates and the allocation of losses to the certificates.

 

E. Shortfalls in Available

FundsShortfalls will reduce distributions to the classes of certificates with the lowest payment priorities. Shortfalls may occur as a result of:

 

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the payment of special servicing fees and other additional compensation that the special servicer is entitled to receive;

 

interest on advances made by the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee (to the extent not covered by late payment charges or default interest paid by the related borrower);

 

the application of appraisal reductions to reduce interest advances;

 

extraordinary expenses of the issuing entity including indemnification payments payable to the parties to the pooling and servicing agreement;

 

a modification of a mortgage loan’s interest rate or principal balance; and

 

other unanticipated or default-related expenses of the issuing entity.

 

In addition, prepayment interest shortfalls on the mortgage loans that are not covered by certain compensating interest payments made by the master servicer are required to be allocated among the classes of certificates (other than the Class V certificates) entitled to interest, on a pro rata basis, to reduce the amount of interest payable on each such class of certificates to the extent described in this prospectus. See “Description of the Certificates—Prepayment Interest Shortfalls”.

 

F. Excess Interest On each distribution date, any excess interest in respect of the increase in the interest rate on any mortgage loan with an anticipated repayment date after the related anticipated repayment date to the extent actually collected and applied as interest during a collection period will be distributed to the holders of the Class V certificates on the related distribution date as set forth in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Excess Interest”. This excess interest will not be available to make distributions to any other class of certificates or to provide credit support for other classes of certificates or offset any interest shortfalls or to pay any other amounts to any other party under the pooling and servicing agreement.

 

Advances

 

A. P&I Advances The master servicer is required to advance a delinquent periodic payment on each mortgage loan (including any non-serviced mortgage loan) or any REO loan (other than any portion of an REO loan related to a companion

 

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loan), unless in each case, the master servicer or the special servicer determines that the advance would be nonrecoverable. Neither the master servicer nor the trustee will be required to advance balloon payments due at maturity or outstanding on the related anticipated repayment date, as applicable, in excess of the regular periodic payment, interest in excess of a mortgage loan’s regular interest rate, default interest, late payment charges, prepayment premiums or yield maintenance charges.

 

The amount of the interest portion of any advance will be subject to reduction to the extent that an appraisal reduction of the related mortgage loan has occurred (and with respect to any mortgage loan that is part of a whole loan, to the extent such appraisal reduction amount is allocated to the related mortgage loan). There may be other circumstances in which the master servicer will not be required to advance a full month of principal and/or interest. If the master servicer fails to make a required advance, the trustee will be required to make the advance, unless the trustee determines that the advance would be nonrecoverable. If an interest advance is made by the master servicer, the master servicer will not advance the portion of interest that constitutes its servicing fee, but will advance the portion of interest that constitutes the monthly fees payable to the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer and the CREFC® license fee.

 

Neither the master servicer nor the trustee will make, or be permitted to make, any principal or interest advance with respect to any companion loan and the special servicer will not make any principal or interest advance with respect to any mortgage loan or companion loan.

 

See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”.

 

B. Property Protection 

AdvancesThe master servicer may be required to make advances with respect to the mortgage loans (excluding any non-serviced mortgage loan) and any related companion loan to pay delinquent real estate taxes, assessments and hazard insurance premiums and similar expenses necessary to:

 

protect and maintain (and in the case of REO properties, lease and manage) the related mortgaged property;

 

maintain the lien on the related mortgaged property; and/or

 

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enforce the related mortgage loan documents.

 

The special servicer will have no obligation to make any property protection advances (although it may elect to make them in an emergency circumstance). If the special servicer makes a property protection advance, the master servicer will be required to reimburse the special servicer for that advance (unless the master servicer determines that the advance would be nonrecoverable, in which case the advance will be reimbursed out of the collection account) and the master servicer will be deemed to have made that advance as of the date made by the special servicer.

 

If the master servicer fails to make a required advance of this type, the trustee will be required to make this advance. None of the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee is required to advance amounts determined by such party to be nonrecoverable.

 

See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”.

 

With respect to each non-serviced mortgage loan, the master servicer (and the trustee, as applicable) under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, governing the servicing of that non-serviced whole loan will be required to make similar advances with respect to delinquent real estate taxes, assessments and hazard insurance premiums as described above.

 

C. Interest on Advances The master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee, as applicable, will be entitled to interest on the above described advances at the “Prime Rate” as published in The Wall Street Journal, as described in this prospectus. Interest accrued on outstanding advances may result in reductions in amounts otherwise payable on the certificates. Neither the master servicer nor the trustee will be entitled to interest on advances made with respect to principal and interest due on a mortgage loan until the related due date has passed and any grace period for late payments applicable to the mortgage loan has expired. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”.

 

With respect to each non-serviced mortgage loan, the applicable makers of advances under the related trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, governing the servicing of the non-serviced whole loan will similarly be entitled to interest on advances, and any accrued and unpaid interest on property protection advances made in respect of such non-serviced mortgage loan may be reimbursed from general collections on the other

 

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mortgage loans included in the issuing entity to the extent not recoverable from such non-serviced whole loan and to the extent allocable to such non-serviced mortgage loan in accordance with the related intercreditor agreement.

 

The Mortgage Pool

 

The Mortgage Pool The issuing entity’s primary assets will be fifty-two (52) fixed-rate commercial mortgage loans, each evidenced by one or more promissory notes secured by first mortgages, deeds of trust, deeds to secure debt or similar security instruments on the fee and/or leasehold estate of the related borrower in ninety-five (95) commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community properties. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—General”.

 

The aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans as of the cut-off date will be approximately $833,933,944.

 

Whole Loans

 

Unless otherwise expressly stated in this prospectus, the term “mortgage loan” refers to each of the fifty-two (52) commercial mortgage loans to be held by the issuing entity. Of the mortgage loans, each mortgage loan in the table below is part of a larger whole loan, which is comprised of the related mortgage loan and one or more loans that are pari passu in right of payment to the related mortgage loan (each referred to in this prospectus as a “pari passu companion loan”) and, in certain cases, one or more loans that are subordinate in right of payment to the related mortgage loan (each referred to in this prospectus as a “subordinate companion loan”, and any pari passu companion loan or subordinate companion loan may also be referred to herein as a “companion loan”). The companion loans, together with their related mortgage loan, are referred to in this prospectus as a “whole loan”.

 

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Whole Loan Summary(1)

 

Mortgage Loan Name

Mortgage Loan Cut-off Date Balance 

% of Initial Pool Balance 

Pari Passu Companion Loan Cut-off Date Balance

Subordinate Companion Loan Cut-off Date Balance

Mortgage Loan LTV Ratio(2)

Whole Loan LTV Ratio(3)

Mortgage Loan Underwritten NCF DSCR(2)

Whole Loan Underwritten NCF DSCR(3)

Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown $60,000,000 7.2% $100,000,000  N/A 57.9% 57.9% 2.48x 2.48x
Starwood Hotel Portfolio $30,000,000 3.6% $235,000,000   N/A 66.1% 66.1% 2.07x 2.07x
Christiana Mall $28,000,000 3.4% $310,000,000   $212,000,000 32.5% 52.9% 3.15x 1.93x
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio $25,000,000 3.0% $187,000,000   N/A 54.7% 54.7% 2.50x 2.50x
Danbury Commerce Portfolio $22,800,000 2.7% $15,200,000 N/A 62.2% 62.2% 1.48x 1.48x
Aventura Mall $20,000,000 2.4% $1,386,700,000      343,300,000 40.8% 50.7% 2.58x 2.07x
Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments $16,000,000 1.9% $16,000,000 N/A 65.7% 65.7% 1.30x 1.30x
Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio $15,000,000 1.8% $75,000,000 N/A 69.0% 69.0% 1.84x 1.84x
Home Depot Technology Center $14,300,000 1.7% $30,000,000 N/A 66.5% 66.5% 1.77x 1.77x
Liberty Portfolio $12,850,000 1.5% $152,850,000   N/A 64.6% 64.6% 1.77x 1.77x
Fair Oaks Mall $9,553,431 1.1% $164,145,312   $84,367,961 31.8% 47.3% 2.89x     1.64x(4)

 

(1)Any unsecuritized pari passu companion loan may be further split.

 

(2)Calculated including any related pari passu companion loans but excluding any related mezzanine debt and any related subordinate companion loans.

 

(3)Calculated including any related pari passu companion loans and any related subordinate companion loans but excluding related mezzanine debt.

 

(4)Calculated using the sum of the first 12 principal and interest payments allocable to the related mortgage loan following the cut-off date based on the assumed principal payment schedule set forth on Annex A-4 to this prospectus.

 

Each of the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown whole loan, the Danbury Commerce Portfolio whole loan and the Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments whole loan will be serviced by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as master servicer, and LNR Partners, LLC, as special servicer, pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction and is referred to in this prospectus as a “serviced whole loan”, and each related companion loan is referred to in this prospectus as a “serviced companion loan”.

 

Each whole loan identified in the table below will not be serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction and instead will be serviced under a separate trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, identified in the table below entered into in connection with the securitization of one or more related companion loan(s) and is referred to in this prospectus as a “non-serviced whole loan”. The related mortgage loan is referred to as a “non-serviced mortgage loan” and the related companion loans are each referred to in this prospectus as a “non-serviced companion loan”. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

For further information regarding the whole loans, see “Description of the Mortgage PoolThe Whole Loans”.

 

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Non-Serviced Whole Loans(1)

Mortgage Loan Name

Transaction/
Pooling Agreement

% of Initial Pool Balance

Master Servicer

Special Servicer

Trustee

Starwood Hotel Portfolio WFCM 2018-C47 3.6% Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Midland Loan Services, a Division of PNC Bank, National Association Wilmington Trust, National Association
Christiana Mall BBCMS 2018-CHRS 3.4% Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wilmington Trust, National Association
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio BANK 2018-BNK14 3.0% Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Rialto Capital Advisors, LLC Wilmington Trust, National Association
Aventura Mall Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM 2.4% Wells Fargo Bank, National Association CWCapital Asset Management LLC Wilmington Trust, National Association
Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio WFCM 2018-C47 1.8% Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Midland Loan Services, a Division of PNC Bank, National Association Wilmington Trust, National Association
Home Depot Technology Center BBCMS 2018-C2(2) 1.7% Wells Fargo Bank, National Association LNR Partners, LLC Wilmington Trust, National Association
Liberty Portfolio Benchmark 2018-B7 1.5% KeyBank National Association LNR Partners, LLC Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Fair Oaks Mall BANK 2018-BNK12 1.1% Wells Fargo Bank, National Association AEGON USA Realty Advisors, LLC(3) Wilmington Trust, National Association
           

Mortgage Loan Name

Certificate Administrator

Custodian

Operating Advisor

Initial Directing Party(4)

Starwood Hotel Portfolio Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Park Bridge Lender Services LLC KKR Real Estate Credit Opportunity Partners Aggregator I L.P.
Christiana Mall Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wells Fargo Bank, National Association N/A (5)
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Park Bridge Lender Services LLC RREF III Debt AIV, LP or its affiliate
Aventura Mall Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Park Bridge Lender Services LLC BREDS HG SD (Delaware) L.P.
Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Park Bridge Lender Services LLC KKR Real Estate Credit Opportunity Partners Aggregator I L.P.
Home Depot Technology Center Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Park Bridge Lender Services LLC LNR Securities Holdings, LLC
Liberty Portfolio Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Park Bridge Lender Services LLC Eightfold Real Estate Capital Fund V, L.P.
Fair Oaks Mall Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Wells Fargo Bank, National Association Park Bridge Lender Services LLC Annaly CRE LLC(6)

 

 

(1)As of the closing date of the related securitization.

 

(2)The BBCMS 2018-C2 transaction is expected to close on or about December 20, 2018.

 

(3)AEGON USA Realty Advisors, LLC acts as the “Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer” under the BANK 2018-BNK12 pooling and servicing agreement.

 

(4)The entity with the heading “Initial Directing Party” above reflects the party entitled to exercise control and consultation rights with respect to the related mortgage loan similar to those of the directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization until such party’s rights are terminated pursuant to the related pooling and servicing agreement or intercreditor agreement, as applicable.

 

(5)No initial directing party had been appointed as of the closing date of the related securitization.

 

(6)The initial Directing Party is the representative of the subordinate companion loans (or if a representative has not been selected, the holder of a majority of the subordinate companion loans), who will have certain control and consultation rights with respect to the related mortgage loan until the occurrence of a control appraisal period pursuant to the related intercreditor agreement. During the control appraisal period, the directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) under the identified servicing agreement is expected to exercise such control and consultation rights until such rights are terminated pursuant to such servicing agreement.

 

For further information regarding the whole loans, see “Description of the Mortgage PoolThe Whole Loans”, and for information regarding the servicing of the non-serviced whole loans, see “Pooling and Servicing AgreementServicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

Mortgage Loan Characteristics

 

The following tables set forth certain anticipated characteristics of the mortgage loans as of the cut-off date (unless otherwise indicated). Except as specifically provided in this prospectus, various information

 

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presented in this prospectus (including loan-to-value ratios, debt service coverage ratios, debt yields and cut-off date balances per net rentable square foot, pad, room or unit, as applicable) with respect to any mortgage loan with a pari passu companion loan or subordinate companion loan is calculated including the principal balance and debt service payment of the related pari passu companion loan(s), but is calculated excluding the principal balance and debt service payment of the related subordinate companion loan (or any other subordinate debt encumbering the related mortgaged property or any related mezzanine debt or preferred equity).

 

The sum of the numerical data in any column may not equal the indicated total due to rounding. Unless otherwise indicated, all figures and percentages presented in this “Summary of Terms” are calculated as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions” and, unless otherwise indicated, such figures and percentages are approximate and in each case, represent the indicated figure or percentage of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date. The principal balance of each mortgage loan as of the cut-off date assumes (or, in the case of each mortgage loan with a cut-off date prior to the date of this prospectus, reflects) the timely receipt of principal scheduled to be paid on or before the cut-off date and no defaults, delinquencies or prepayments on, or modifications of, any mortgage loan on or prior to the cut-off date. Whenever percentages and other information in this prospectus are presented on the mortgaged property level rather than the mortgage loan level, the information for mortgage loans secured by more than one mortgaged property is based on allocated loan amounts as stated in Annex A-1. All percentages of the mortgage loans and mortgaged properties, or of any specified group of mortgage loans and mortgaged properties, referred to in this prospectus without further description are approximate percentages of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, by cut-off date balances and/or the allocated loan amount allocated to such mortgaged properties as of the cut-off date.

 

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The mortgage loans will have the following approximate characteristics as of the cut-off date:

 

Cut-off Date Mortgage Loan Characteristics
 

All Mortgage Loans

Initial Pool Balance(1) $833,933,944
Number of mortgage loans 52
Number of mortgaged properties 95
Range of Cut-off Date Balances $1,500,000 to $66,100,000
Average Cut-off Date Balance $16,037,191
Range of Mortgage Rates 4.121% to 5.980%
Weighted average Mortgage Rate 5.139%
Range of original terms to maturity(2) 60 months to 120 months
Weighted average original term to maturity(2) 116 months
Range of remaining terms to maturity(2)

53 months to 120 months

 

Weighted average remaining term to maturity(2) 115 months
Range of original amortization terms(3)(4) 264 months to 360 months
Weighted average original amortization term(3)(4) 352 months
Range of remaining amortization terms(3)(4) 264 months to 360 months
Weighted average remaining amortization term(3)(4) 351 months
Range of Cut-off Date LTV Ratios(5)(6)(7) 31.8% to 74.3%
Weighted average Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(5)(6)(7) 60.7%
Range of LTV Ratios as of the maturity date(2)(5)(6)(7) 29.7% to 67.3%
Weighted average LTV Ratio as of the maturity date(2)(5)(6)(7) 56.1%
Range of U/W NCF DSCRs(5)(7)(8) 1.25x to 3.68x
Weighted average U/W NCF DSCR(5)(7)(8) 1.81x
Range of U/W NOI Debt Yields(5)(7) 7.3% to 18.4%
Weighted average U/W NOI Debt Yield(5)(7) 11.1%
Percentage of Initial Pool Balance consisting of:  
Interest-only, Balloon 46.4%
Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon 26.8%
Amortizing Balloon 21.6%
Amortizing ARD 3.5%
Interest-only, ARD 1.7%

 

 

(1)Subject to a permitted variance of plus or minus 5%.

 

(2)With respect to two (2) mortgage loans with an anticipated repayment date, secured by the mortgaged properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Franklin Towne Center and Home Depot Technology Center, representing approximately 5.2% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, calculated as of the related anticipated repayment date.

 

(3)Excludes twenty-one (21) mortgage loans (48.1%), that are interest-only for the entire term or until the anticipated repayment date, as applicable.

 

(4)With respect to the 1600 Terrell Mill Road mortgage loan (3.1%) and the Fair Oaks Mall mortgage loan (1.1%), each such mortgage loan will amortize based on the assumed principal payment schedule set forth on Annex A-4 and Annex A-5, respectively.

 

(5)In the case of three (3) mortgage loans (8.2%) secured by the mortgaged properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Riverworks, Waterford Tulsa Apartments and Kennedy Road Marketplace, the debt

 

 

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service coverage ratio, loan-to-value ratio and debt yield have been calculated based on the related principal balance as of the cut-off date less a related earnout or holdback reserve. With respect to the Riverworks mortgage loan (4.6%), the underwritten net cash flow debt service coverage ratio, cut-off date loan-to-value ratio, loan-to-value ratio at maturity and underwritten net operating income debt yield, including the related earnout reserve, are 1.73x, 60.0%, 60.0% and 9.1%, respectively. With respect to the Waterford Tulsa Apartments mortgage loan (2.2%), the underwritten net cash flow debt service coverage ratio, cut-off date loan-to-value ratio, loan-to-value ratio at maturity and underwritten net operating income debt yield, including the related holdback reserve, are 1.31x, 74.7%, 69.3% and 9.3%, respectively. With respect to the Kennedy Road Marketplace mortgage loan (1.4%), the underwritten net cash flow debt service coverage ratio, cut-off date loan-to-value ratio, loan-to-value ratio at maturity and underwritten net operating income debt yield, including the related holdback reserve, are 1.27x, 69.3%, 64.1% and 8.5%, respectively. See “Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Escrows”.

 

(6)Loan-to-value ratios (such as, for example, the loan-to-value ratios as of the cut-off date and the loan-to-value ratios at the maturity date) with respect to the mortgage loans were generally calculated using “as-is” values as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions” in this prospectus; provided, that with respect to certain mortgage loans, the related loan-to-value ratios have been calculated using “as-complete”, “as-stabilized” or similar hypothetical values. In addition, with respect to certain mortgage loans secured by multiple mortgaged properties, the appraised value may be an “as-portfolio” value that assigns a premium to the value of the mortgaged properties as a whole, which value exceeds the sum of their individual appraised values. Such mortgage loans are identified under the definition of “LTV Ratio” set forth under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions” in this prospectus. For further information, see Annex A-1 to this prospectus. See also “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Appraised Value” in this prospectus.

 

(7)In the case of eleven (11) mortgage loans secured by the mortgaged properties or portfolio of mortgaged properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown, Starwood Hotel Portfolio, Christiana Mall, Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio, Danbury Commerce Portfolio, Aventura Mall, Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments, Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio, Home Depot Technology Center, Liberty Portfolio and Fair Oaks Mall, representing approximately 30.4% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, each of which has one or more pari passu companion loans and/or subordinate companion loans that are not included in the issuing entity, the debt service coverage ratio, loan-to-value ratio and debt yield have been calculated including the related pari passu companion loan(s) but excluding any related subordinate companion loan. With respect to the Christiana Mall mortgage loan (3.4%), the related loan-to-value ratio as of the cut-off date, loan-to-value ratio as of the maturity date, underwritten net cash flow debt service coverage ratio and underwritten net operating income debt yield calculated including the related subordinate companion loan are 52.9%, 52.9%, 1.93x and 8.5%, respectively. With respect to the Aventura Mall mortgage loan (2.4%), the related loan-to-value ratio as of the cut-off date, loan-to-value ratio as of the maturity date, underwritten net cash flow debt service coverage ratio and underwritten net operating income debt yield calculated including the related subordinate companion loan are 50.7%, 50.7%, 2.07x and 8.8%, respectively. With respect to the Fair Oaks Mall mortgage loan (1.1%), the related loan-to-value ratio as of the cut-off date, loan-to-value ratio as of the maturity date, underwritten net cash flow debt service coverage ratio and underwritten net operating income debt yield calculated including the related subordinate companion loans are 47.3%, 44.2%, 1.64x and 11.6%, respectively.

 

(8)Debt service coverage ratios are calculated using the average of the principal and interest payments for the first twelve payment periods of the mortgage loan following the cut-off date, provided that (i) in the case of a mortgage loan that provides for interest-only payments through maturity or its anticipated repayment date, as applicable, such items are calculated based on the interest payments scheduled to be due on the first due date following the cut-off date and the 11 due dates thereafter for such mortgage loan and (ii) in the case of a mortgage loan that provides for an initial interest-only period that ends prior to maturity or its anticipated repayment date, as applicable, and provides for scheduled amortization

 

 

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payments thereafter, such items are calculated based on the monthly payment of principal and interest payable for the 12 payment periods immediately following the expiration of the interest-only period.

 

All of the mortgage loans accrue interest on an actual/360 basis.

 

For further information regarding the mortgage loans, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool”.

 

Modified and Refinanced 

LoansAs of the cut-off date, none of the mortgage loans were modified due to a delinquency or were refinancings of loans in default at the time of refinancing and/or otherwise involved discounted payoffs in connection with the origination of such mortgage loans.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings”.

 

Properties with Limited

Operating History Thirteen (13) of the mortgaged properties (11.9%), (i) were constructed or the subject of a major renovation that was completed within 12 calendar months prior to the cut-off date and, therefore, the related mortgaged property has either no prior operating history or limited prior operating history, (ii) have a borrower or an affiliate under the related mortgage loan that acquired the related mortgaged property within 12 calendar months prior to the cut-off date and such borrower or affiliate was unable to provide the related mortgage loan seller with historical financial information for such acquired mortgaged property or (iii) are single tenant properties subject to triple-net leases with the related tenant where the related borrower did not provide the related mortgage loan seller with historical financial information for the related mortgaged property.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Mortgaged Properties With Limited Prior Operating History”.

 

Certain Variances from

Underwriting Standards Certain of the mortgage loans may vary from the related mortgage loan seller’s underwriting guidelines described under “Transaction PartiesThe Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers”.

 

With respect to three (3) mortgage loans (10.0%), there was an exception from the applicable mortgage loan seller’s underwriting guidelines with respect to satisfaction of certain underwriting criteria (e.g.,

 

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occupancy, minimum debt service coverage ratio, underwritten management fees, underwritten vacancies, underwritten occupancy, single purpose entity covenants, etc.).

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines; Transaction Parties—The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan SellersArgentic Real Estate Finance LLC—Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes”; “—Wells Fargo Bank, National Association—Wells Fargo Bank’s Commercial Mortgage Loan Underwriting”; “—Barclays Bank PLC—Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Processes”; “—Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC—Basis’s Underwriting Standards and Loan Analysis”; and “—BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards”.

 

Additional Aspects of Certificates

 

DenominationsThe offered certificates with certificate balances that are initially offered and sold to purchasers will be issued in minimum denominations of $10,000 and integral multiples of $1 in excess of $10,000. The certificates with notional amounts will be issued, maintained and transferred only in minimum denominations of authorized initial notional amounts of not less than $1,000,000 and in integral multiples of $1 in excess of $1,000,000.

 

Registration, Clearance 

and Settlement Each class of offered certificates will initially be registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of The Depository Trust Company, or DTC.

 

You may hold offered certificates through: (1) DTC in the United States; or (2) Clearstream Banking, société anonyme or Euroclear Bank, as operator of the Euroclear System. Transfers within DTC, Clearstream Banking, société anonyme or Euroclear Bank, as operator of the Euroclear System, will be made in accordance with the usual rules and operating procedures of those systems.

 

We may elect to terminate the book-entry system through DTC (with the consent of the DTC participants), Clearstream Banking, société anonyme or Euroclear Bank, as operator of the Euroclear System, with respect to all or any portion of any class of the offered certificates.

 

See “Description of the Certificates—Delivery, Form, Transfer and Denomination—Book-Entry Registration”.

 

Credit Risk Retention For a discussion of the manner in which the U.S. credit risk retention requirements will be satisfied by Argentic

 

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Real Estate Finance LLC, as retaining sponsor, see “Credit Risk Retention”.

 

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC will act as the “retaining sponsor” and is expected to satisfy its risk retention requirement through the purchase by its “majority-owned affiliate” (as defined in the U.S. credit risk retention rules), which is expected to be Argentic Securities Holdings Cayman Limited, an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability (the “retaining party”), of an “eligible horizontal residual interest” comprised of the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates (the “horizontal risk retention certificates”).

 

While Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC will initially satisfy its risk retention requirements through the purchase by the retaining party of the horizontal risk retention certificates, the retaining sponsor is permitted under the credit risk retention rules under certain circumstances to transfer the horizontal risk retention certificates to a “third-party purchaser” (as defined in the credit risk retention rules) at any time on or after December 20, 2023. Any such transfer will be subject to the satisfaction of all applicable provisions under the credit risk retention rules.

 

None of the sponsors, the depositor or any other party to the transaction intends to retain a material net economic interest in the securitization constituted by the issue of the offered certificates in accordance with the EU risk retention and due diligence requirements or to take any other action which may be required by EEA-regulated investors for the purposes of their compliance with the EU risk retention and due diligence requirements or similar requirements. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Legal and Regulatory Provisions Affecting Investors Could Adversely Affect the Liquidity of the Offered Certificates”.

 

Information Available to

CertificateholdersOn each distribution date, the certificate administrator will prepare and make available to each certificateholder of record, initially expected to be Cede & Co., a statement as to the distributions being made on that date. Additionally, under certain circumstances, certificateholders of record may be entitled to certain other information regarding the issuing entity. See “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”.

 

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Deal Information/Analytics Certain information concerning the mortgage loans and the certificates may be available to subscribers through the following services:

 

Bloomberg, L.P., Trepp, LLC, Intex Solutions, Inc., Interactive Data Corp., Markit Group Limited, BlackRock Financial Management, Inc., CMBS.com, Inc., Moody’s Analytics, MBS Data, LLC and Thomson Reuters Corporation;

 

The certificate administrator’s website initially located at www.ctslink.com; and

 

The master servicer’s website initially located at www.wellsfargo.com/com.

 

Optional Termination On any distribution date on which the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans (solely for the purposes of this calculation, if such right is being exercised after the distribution date in January 2029 and the Franklin Towne Center is still an asset of the issuing entity, then such mortgage loan will be excluded from the then-aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans and from the aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans as of the cut-off date) is less than 1.0% of the aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, certain entities specified in this prospectus will have the option to purchase all of the remaining mortgage loans (and all property acquired through exercise of remedies in respect of any mortgage loan) at the price specified in this prospectus.

 

The issuing entity may also be terminated in connection with a voluntary exchange of all of the then-outstanding certificates (other than the Class V and Class R certificates) and deemed payment of a price specified in this prospectus for the mortgage loans then held by the issuing entity, provided that (i) the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-S, Class B, Class C and Class D certificates are no longer outstanding, (ii) there is only one holder (or multiple holders acting unanimously) of the outstanding certificates (other than the Class V and Class R certificates) and (iii) the master servicer consents to the exchange.

 

See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination; Retirement of Certificates”.

 

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Required Repurchases or

Substitutions of Mortgage

Loans; Loss of Value 

PaymentUnder certain circumstances, the related mortgage loan seller (or Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC) may be obligated to (i) repurchase (without payment of any yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium) or substitute an affected mortgage loan from the issuing entity or (ii) make a cash payment that would be deemed sufficient to compensate the issuing entity in the event of a document defect or a breach of a representation and warranty made by the related mortgage loan seller with respect to the mortgage loan in the related mortgage loan purchase agreement that materially and adversely affects the value of the mortgage loan, the value of the related mortgaged property or the interests of any certificateholders in the mortgage loan or mortgaged property or causes the mortgage loan to be other than a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (but without regard to the rule of Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective loan to be treated as a “qualified mortgage”). See “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements—General”.

 

Sale of Defaulted Loans Pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement, under certain circumstances the special servicer is required to use reasonable efforts to solicit offers for defaulted mortgage loans (other than non-serviced mortgage loans) or a defaulted serviced whole loan and/or related REO properties and, in the absence of a cash offer at least equal to its outstanding principal balance plus all accrued and unpaid interest and outstanding costs and expenses and certain other amounts under the pooling and servicing agreement, may accept the first (and, if multiple offers are received, the highest) cash offer from any person that constitutes a fair price for the defaulted mortgage loan (other than non-serviced mortgage loans) or related REO property, determined as described in “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans” and “—Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties”, unless the special servicer determines, in accordance with the servicing standard (and subject to the requirements of any related intercreditor agreement), that rejection of such offer would be in the best interests of the certificateholders and any related companion loan holders (as a collective whole as if such certificateholders and such companion loan holders constituted a single lender).

 

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With respect to any non-serviced mortgage loan, if a related pari passu companion loan becomes a defaulted mortgage loan under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement for the related pari passu companion loan and the special servicer under the related trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement for the related pari passu companion loan(s) determines to sell such pari passu companion loan(s), then such special servicer will be required to sell such non-serviced mortgage loan together with the related pari passu companion loan(s) in a manner similar to that described above. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans”.

 

Pursuant to each mezzanine loan intercreditor agreement with respect to the mortgage loans with mezzanine indebtedness, the holder of the related mezzanine loan has the right to purchase the related mortgage loan as described in “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness—Mezzanine Indebtedness”. Additionally, in the case of mortgage loans that permit certain equity owners of the borrower to incur future mezzanine debt as described in “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness—Mezzanine Indebtedness”, the related mezzanine lender may have the option to purchase the related mortgage loan after certain defaults. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans”, “—Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans”.

 

Tax Status Elections will be made to treat designated portions of the issuing entity (exclusive of interest that is deferred after the anticipated repayment date of each mortgage loan with an anticipated repayment date and the excess interest distribution account) as two separate REMICs – the lower-tier REMIC and the upper-tier REMIC – for federal income tax purposes.

 

In addition, the portion of the issuing entity consisting of the entitlement to collections of excess interest accrued on any mortgage loan with an anticipated repayment date and the related distribution account will be treated as a trust and the holders of the Class V certificates will be treated as the beneficial owners of such entitlement for federal income tax purposes (a “grantor trust”), as further described under “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations”.

 

Pertinent federal income tax consequences of an investment in the offered certificates include:

 

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Each class of offered certificates will constitute REMIC “regular interests”.

 

The offered certificates will be treated as newly originated debt instruments for federal income tax purposes.

 

You will be required to report income on your offered certificates using the accrual method of accounting.

 

It is anticipated that the Class [ ] and Class [_] certificates will be issued with original issue discount and that the Class [ ] certificates will be issued at a premium for federal income tax purposes.

 

See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations”.

 

Certain ERISA

ConsiderationsSubject to important considerations described under “Certain ERISA Considerations”, the offered certificates are eligible for purchase by persons investing assets of employee benefit plans or individual retirement accounts.

 

Legal Investment None of the certificates will constitute “mortgage related securities” for purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended.

 

If your investment activities are subject to legal investment laws and regulations, regulatory capital requirements, or review by regulatory authorities, then you may be subject to restrictions on investment in the certificates. You should consult your own legal advisors for assistance in determining the suitability of and consequences to you of the purchase, ownership, and sale of the certificates.

 

The issuing entity will not be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The issuing entity will be relying on an exclusion or exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, contained in Section 3(c)(5) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, although there may be additional exclusions or exemptions available to the issuing entity. The issuing entity is being structured so as not to constitute a “covered fund” for purposes of the Volcker Rule under the Dodd-Frank Act (both as defined in this prospectus). See “Legal Investment”.

 

RatingsThe offered certificates will not be issued unless each of the offered classes receives a credit rating from one or

 

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more of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations engaged by the depositor to rate the offered certificates. The decision not to engage one or more other rating agencies in the rating of certain classes of certificates to be issued in connection with this transaction, may negatively impact the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of those classes of certificates. Neither the depositor nor any other person or entity will have any duty to notify you if any other nationally recognized statistical rating organization issues, or delivers notice of its intention to issue, unsolicited ratings on one or more classes of certificates after the date of this prospectus.

 

See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations May Assign Different Ratings to the Certificates; Ratings of the Certificates Reflect Only the Views of the Applicable Rating Agencies as of the Dates Such Ratings Were Issued; Ratings May Affect ERISA Eligibility; Ratings May Be Downgraded” and “Ratings”.

 

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Risk Factors

 

You should carefully consider the following risks before making an investment decision. In particular, distributions on your certificates will depend on payments received on, and other recoveries with respect to the mortgage loans. Therefore, you should carefully consider the risk factors relating to the mortgage loans and the mortgaged properties.

 

If any of the following events or circumstances identified as risks actually occur or materialize, your investment could be materially and adversely affected. We note that additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us may also impair your investment.

 

This prospectus also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks described below and elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

The Certificates May Not Be a Suitable Investment for You

 

The certificates will not be suitable investments for all investors. In particular, you should not purchase any class of certificates unless you understand and are able to bear the risk that the yield to maturity and the aggregate amount and timing of distributions on the certificates will be subject to material variability from period to period and give rise to the potential for significant loss over the life of the certificates. The interaction of the foregoing factors and their effects are impossible to predict and are likely to change from time to time. As a result, an investment in the certificates involves substantial risks and uncertainties and should be considered only by sophisticated institutional investors with substantial investment experience with similar types of securities and who have conducted appropriate due diligence on the mortgage loans, the mortgaged properties and the certificates.

 

Combination or “Layering” of Multiple Risks May Significantly Increase Risk of Loss

 

Although the various risks discussed in this prospectus are generally described separately, you should consider the potential effects of the interplay of multiple risk factors. Where more than one significant risk factor is present, the risk of loss to an investor in the certificates may be significantly increased.

 

Risks Related to Market Conditions and Other External Factors

 

The Volatile Economy, Credit Crisis and Downturn in the Real Estate Market Adversely Affected the Value of CMBS and Similar Factors May in the Future Adversely Affect the Value of CMBS

 

In recent years, the real estate and securitization markets, including the market for commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), experienced significant dislocations, illiquidity and volatility. We cannot assure you that another dislocation in CMBS will not occur.

 

Any economic downturn may adversely affect the financial resources of borrowers under commercial mortgage loans and may result in their inability to make payments on, or refinance, their outstanding mortgage debt when due or to sell their mortgaged properties for an aggregate amount sufficient to pay off the outstanding debt when due. As a result,

 

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distributions of principal and interest on your certificates, and the value of your certificates, could be adversely affected.

 

Other Events May Affect the Value and Liquidity of Your Investment

 

Moreover, other types of events, domestic or international, may affect general economic conditions and financial markets:

 

Wars, revolts, terrorist attacks, armed conflicts, energy supply or price disruptions, political crises, natural disasters and man-made disasters may have an adverse effect on the mortgaged properties and/or your certificates; and

 

Trading activity associated with indices of CMBS may drive spreads on those indices wider than spreads on CMBS, thereby resulting in a decrease in value of such CMBS, including your certificates, and spreads on those indices may be affected by a variety of factors, and may or may not be affected for reasons involving the commercial and multifamily real estate markets and may be affected for reasons that are unknown and cannot be discerned.

 

You should consider that the foregoing factors may adversely affect the performance of the mortgage loans and accordingly the performance of the offered certificates.

 

Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans

 

Mortgage Loans Are Non-Recourse and Are Not Insured or Guaranteed

 

The mortgage loans are not insured or guaranteed by any person or entity, governmental or otherwise, unrelated to the related borrowers.

 

Investors should treat each mortgage loan as a non-recourse loan. If a default occurs on a non-recourse loan, recourse generally may be had only against the specific mortgaged properties and other assets that have been pledged to secure the mortgage loan. Consequently, payment prior to maturity is dependent primarily on the sufficiency of the net operating income of the mortgaged property. Payment at maturity or an anticipated repayment date is primarily dependent upon the market value of the mortgaged property or the borrower’s ability to refinance or sell the mortgaged property.

 

Although the mortgage loans generally are non-recourse in nature, certain mortgage loans contain non-recourse carveouts for liabilities such as liabilities as a result of fraud by the borrower, certain voluntary insolvency proceedings or other matters. Certain mortgage loans set forth under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Non-Recourse Carveout Limitations” either do not contain non-recourse carveouts or contain material limitations to non-recourse carveouts. Often these obligations are guaranteed by an affiliate of the related borrower, although liability under any such guaranty may be capped or otherwise limited in amount or scope. Furthermore, certain guarantors may be foreign entities or individuals which, while subject to the domestic governing law provisions in the guaranty and related mortgage loan documents, could nevertheless require enforcement of any judgment in relation to a guaranty in a foreign jurisdiction, which could, in turn, cause a significant time delay or result in the inability to enforce the guaranty under foreign law. Additionally, the guarantor’s net worth and liquidity may be less (and in some cases, materially less) than amounts due under the related mortgage loan or the guarantor’s sole asset may be its interest in the related borrower. Certain mortgage loans may have the benefit of a general payment guaranty of all or a portion of the indebtedness under the mortgage loan. In all cases, however, the mortgage loans should be considered to be non-recourse obligations because neither the depositor nor the sponsors make any

 

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representation or warranty as to the obligation or ability of any borrower or guarantor to pay any deficiencies between any foreclosure proceeds and the mortgage loan indebtedness. In addition, certain mortgage loans may provide for recourse to a guarantor for all or a portion of the indebtedness or for any loss or costs that may be incurred by the borrower or the lender with respect to certain borrower obligations under the related mortgage loan documents. In such cases, we cannot assure you any recovery from such guarantor will be made or that such guarantor will have assets sufficient to pay any otherwise recoverable claim under a guaranty.

 

Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally

 

The mortgage loans will be secured by various income-producing commercial and multifamily properties. The repayment of a commercial or multifamily loan is typically dependent upon the ability of the related mortgaged property to produce cash flow through the collection of rents. Even the liquidation value of a commercial property is determined, in substantial part, by the capitalization of the property’s ability to produce cash flow. However, net operating income can be volatile and may be insufficient to cover debt service on the loan at any given time.

 

The net operating incomes and property values of the mortgaged properties may be adversely affected by a large number of factors. Some of these factors relate to the properties themselves, such as:

 

the age, design and construction quality of the properties;

 

perceptions regarding the safety, convenience and attractiveness of the properties;

 

the characteristics and desirability of the area where the property is located;

 

the strength and nature of the local economy, including labor costs and quality, tax environment and quality of life for employees;

 

the proximity and attractiveness of competing properties;

 

the adequacy of the property’s management and maintenance;

 

increases in interest rates, real estate taxes and operating expenses at the property and in relation to competing properties;

 

an increase in the capital expenditures needed to maintain the properties or make improvements;

 

the dependence upon a single tenant or concentration of tenants in a particular business or industry;

 

a decline in the businesses operated by tenants or in their financial condition;

 

an increase in vacancy rates; and

 

a decline in rental rates as leases are renewed or entered into with new tenants.

 

Other factors are more general in nature, such as:

 

national or regional economic conditions, including plant closings, military base closings, industry slowdowns, oil and/or gas drilling facility slowdowns or closings and unemployment rates;

 

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local real estate conditions, such as an oversupply of competing properties, retail space, office space, multifamily housing or hotel capacity;

 

demographic factors;

 

consumer confidence;

 

consumer tastes and preferences;

 

political factors;

 

environmental factors;

 

seismic activity risk;

 

retroactive changes in building codes;

 

changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments;

 

location of certain mortgaged properties in less densely populated or less affluent areas; and

 

the public perception of safety for customers and clients.

 

The volatility of net operating income will be influenced by many of the foregoing factors, as well as by:

 

the length of tenant leases (including that in certain cases, all or substantially all of the tenants, or one or more sole, anchor or other major tenants, at a particular mortgaged property may have leases that expire or permit the tenant(s) to terminate its lease during the term of the loan);

 

the quality and creditworthiness of tenants;

 

tenant defaults;

 

in the case of rental properties, the rate at which new rentals occur; and

 

the property’s “operating leverage”, which is generally the percentage of total property expenses in relation to revenue, the ratio of fixed operating expenses to those that vary with revenues, and the level of capital expenditures required to maintain the property and to retain or replace tenants.

 

A decline in the real estate market or in the financial condition of a major tenant will tend to have a more immediate effect on the net operating income of properties with relatively higher operating leverage or short term revenue sources, such as short term or month-to-month leases, and may lead to higher rates of delinquency or defaults.

 

Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases

 

General

 

Any tenant may, from time to time, experience a downturn in its business, which may weaken its financial condition and result in a reduction or failure to make rental payments when due. Tenants under certain leases included in the underwritten net cash flow,

 

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underwritten net operating income or occupancy may nonetheless be in financial distress. If tenants’ sales were to decline, percentage rents may decline and, further, tenants may be unable to pay their base rent or other occupancy costs. If a tenant defaults in its obligations to a property owner, that property owner may experience delays in enforcing its rights as lessor and may incur substantial costs and experience significant delays associated with protecting its investment, including costs incurred in renovating and reletting the property.

 

Additionally, the income from, and market value of, the mortgaged properties leased to various tenants would be adversely affected if:

 

space in the mortgaged properties could not be leased or re-leased or substantial re-leasing costs were required and/or the cost of performing landlord obligations under existing leases materially increased;

 

leasing or re-leasing is restricted by exclusive rights of tenants to lease the mortgaged properties or other covenants not to lease space for certain uses or activities, or covenants limiting the types of tenants to which space may be leased;

 

a significant tenant were to become a debtor in a bankruptcy case;

 

rental payments could not be collected for any other reason; or

 

a borrower fails to perform its obligations under a lease resulting in the related tenant having a right to terminate such lease.

 

In addition, certain tenants may be part of a chain that is in financial distress as a whole, or the tenant’s parent company may have implemented or expressed an intent to implement a plan to consolidate or reorganize its operations, close a number of stores in the chain, reduce exposure, relocate stores or otherwise reorganize its business to cut costs.

 

There may be (and there may exist from time to time) pending or threatened legal proceedings against, or disputes with, certain tenants and/or their parent companies that may have a material adverse effect on the related tenant’s ability to pay rent or remain open for business. We cannot assure you that any such litigation or dispute will not result in a material decline in net operating income at the related mortgaged property.

 

Certain tenants currently may be in a rent abatement period. We cannot assure you that such tenants will be in a position to pay full rent when the abatement period expires. We cannot assure you that the net operating income contributed by the mortgaged properties will remain at its current or past levels.

 

A Tenant Concentration May Result in Increased Losses

 

Mortgaged properties that are owner-occupied or leased to a single tenant, or a tenant that makes up a significant portion of the rental income, also are more susceptible to interruptions of cash flow if that tenant’s business operations are negatively impacted or if such tenant fails to renew its lease. This is so because:

 

the financial effect of the absence of rental income may be severe;

 

more time may be required to re-lease the space; and

 

substantial capital costs may be incurred to make the space appropriate for replacement tenants.

 

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In the event of a default by that tenant, if the related lease expires prior to the mortgage loan maturity date and the related tenant fails to renew its lease or if such tenant exercises an early termination option, there would likely be an interruption of rental payments under the lease and, accordingly, insufficient funds available to the borrower to pay the debt service on the mortgage loan. In certain cases where the tenant owns the improvements on the mortgaged property, the related borrower may be required to purchase such improvements in connection with the exercise of its remedies.

 

With respect to certain of these mortgaged properties that are leased to a single tenant, the related leases may expire prior to, or soon after, the maturity dates of the mortgage loans or the related tenant may have the right to terminate the lease prior to the maturity date of the mortgage loan. If the current tenant does not renew its lease on comparable economic terms to the expired lease, if a single tenant terminates its lease or if a suitable replacement tenant does not enter into a new lease on similar economic terms, there could be a negative impact on the payments on the related mortgage loan.

 

A deterioration in the financial condition of a tenant, the failure of a tenant to renew its lease or the exercise by a tenant of an early termination right can be particularly significant if a mortgaged property is owner-occupied, leased to a single tenant, or if any tenant makes up a significant portion of the rental income at the mortgaged property.

 

Concentrations of particular tenants among the mortgaged properties or within a particular business or industry at one or multiple mortgaged properties increase the possibility that financial problems with such tenants or such business or industry sectors could affect the mortgage loans. In addition, the mortgage loans may be adversely affected if a tenant at the mortgaged property is highly specialized, or dependent on a single industry or only a few customers for its revenue. See “—Tenant Bankruptcy Could Result in a Rejection of the Related Lease” below, and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Tenant Concentrations” for information on tenant concentrations in the mortgage pool.

 

Mortgaged Properties Leased to Multiple Tenants Also Have Risks

 

If a mortgaged property has multiple tenants, re-leasing expenditures may be more frequent than in the case of mortgaged properties with fewer tenants, thereby reducing the cash flow available for payments on the related mortgage loan. Multi-tenant mortgaged properties also may experience higher continuing vacancy rates and greater volatility in rental income and expenses. See Annex A-1 for tenant lease expiration dates for the 5 largest tenants at each mortgaged property.

 

Mortgaged Properties Leased to Borrowers or Borrower Affiliated Entities Also Have Risks

 

If a mortgaged property is leased in whole or substantial part to the borrower under the mortgage loan or to an affiliate of the borrower, there may be conflicts of interest. For instance, it is more likely a landlord will waive lease conditions for an affiliated tenant than it would for an unaffiliated tenant. We cannot assure you that the conflicts of interest arising where a borrower is affiliated with a tenant at a mortgaged property will not adversely impact the value of the related mortgage loan.

 

In certain cases, an affiliated lessee may be a tenant under a master lease with the related borrower, under which the tenant is obligated to make rent payments but does not occupy any space at the mortgaged property. Master leases in these circumstances may be used to bring occupancy to a “stabilized” level with the intent of finding additional tenants to occupy some or all of the master leased space, but may not provide additional economic

 

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support for the mortgage loan. If a mortgaged property is leased in whole or substantial part to the borrower or to an affiliate of the borrower, a deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower or its affiliate could significantly affect the borrower’s ability to perform under the mortgage loan as it would directly interrupt the cash flow from the mortgaged property if the borrower’s or its affiliate’s financial condition worsens. We cannot assure you that any space leased by a borrower or an affiliate of the borrower will eventually be occupied by third party tenants.

 

See “—Hotel Properties Have Special Risks” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Affiliated Leases” for information on properties leased in whole or in part to borrowers and their affiliates.

 

Tenant Bankruptcy Could Result in a Rejection of the Related Lease

 

The bankruptcy or insolvency of a major tenant or a number of smaller tenants, such as in retail properties, may have an adverse impact on the mortgaged properties affected and the income produced by such mortgaged properties. Under the federal bankruptcy code, a tenant has the option of assuming or rejecting or, subject to certain conditions, assuming and assigning to a third party, any unexpired lease. If the tenant rejects the lease, the landlord’s claim for breach of the lease would (absent collateral securing the claim) be treated as a general unsecured claim against the tenant and a lessor’s damages for lease rejection are generally subject to certain limitations. We cannot assure you that tenants of the mortgaged properties will continue making payments under their leases or that tenants will not file for bankruptcy protection in the future or, if any tenants do file, that they will continue to make rental payments in a timely manner. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure—Bankruptcy Laws”. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” for information regarding bankruptcy issues with respect to certain mortgage loans.

 

In the case of certain mortgage loans included in the mortgage pool, it may be possible that the related master lease could be construed in a bankruptcy as a financing lease or other arrangement under which the related master lessee (and/or its affiliates) would be deemed as effectively the owner of the related mortgaged property, rather than a tenant, which could result in potentially adverse consequences for the trust, as the holder of such mortgage loan, including a potentially greater risk of an unfavorable plan of reorganization and competing claims of creditors of the related master lessee and/or its affiliates. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Affiliated Leases”.

 

Leases That Are Not Subordinated to the Lien of the Mortgage or Do Not Contain Attornment Provisions May Have an Adverse Impact at Foreclosure

 

In certain jurisdictions, if tenant leases are subordinated to the liens created by the mortgage but do not contain attornment provisions that require the tenant to recognize a successor owner, the tenants may terminate their leases upon the transfer of the property to a foreclosing lender or purchaser at foreclosure. Accordingly, if a mortgaged property is located in such a jurisdiction and is leased to one or more desirable tenants under leases that are subordinate to the mortgage and do not contain attornment provisions, such mortgaged property could experience a further decline in value if such tenants’ leases were terminated. This is particularly likely if those tenants were paying above-market rents or could not be replaced. If a lease is not subordinate to a mortgage, the issuing entity will not possess the right to dispossess the tenant upon foreclosure of the mortgaged property (unless otherwise agreed to with the tenant). Also, if the lease contains provisions inconsistent with the mortgage (e.g., provisions relating to application of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards) or which could affect the enforcement of the lender’s

 

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rights (e.g., a right of first refusal to purchase the property), the provisions of the lease will take precedence over the provisions of the mortgage. Not all leases were reviewed to ascertain the existence of attornment or subordination provisions.

 

With respect to certain of the mortgage loans, the related borrower may have given to certain tenants or others an option to purchase, a right of first refusal and/or a right of first offer to purchase all or a portion of the mortgaged property in the event a sale is contemplated, and such right is not subordinate to the related mortgage. This may impede the mortgagee’s ability to sell the related mortgaged property at foreclosure, or, upon foreclosure, this may affect the value and/or marketability of the related mortgaged property. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Purchase Options and Rights of First Refusal” for information regarding material purchase options and/or rights of first refusal, if any, with respect to mortgaged properties securing certain mortgage loans.

 

Early Lease Termination Options May Reduce Cash Flow

 

Leases often give tenants the right to terminate the related lease, abate or reduce the related rent, and/or exercise certain remedies against the related borrower for various reasons or upon various conditions, including:

 

if the borrower for the applicable mortgaged property allows uses at the mortgaged property in violation of use restrictions in current tenant leases,

 

if the borrower or any of its affiliates owns other properties within a certain radius of the mortgaged property and allows uses at those properties in violation of use restrictions,

 

if the related borrower fails to provide a designated number of parking spaces,

 

if there is construction at the related mortgaged property or an adjacent property (whether or not such adjacent property is owned or controlled by the borrower or any of its affiliates) that may interfere with visibility of, access to or a tenant’s use of the mortgaged property or otherwise violate the terms of a tenant’s lease,

 

upon casualty or condemnation with respect to all or a portion of the mortgaged property that renders such mortgaged property unsuitable for a tenant’s use or if the borrower fails to rebuild such mortgaged property within a certain time,

 

if a tenant’s use is not permitted by zoning or applicable law,

 

if the tenant is unable to exercise an expansion right,

 

if the landlord defaults on its obligations under the lease,

 

if a landlord leases space at the mortgaged property or within a certain radius of the mortgaged property to a competitor,

 

if the tenant fails to meet certain sales targets or other business objectives for a specified period of time,

 

if significant tenants at the subject property go dark or terminate their leases, or if a specified percentage of the mortgaged property is unoccupied,

 

if the landlord violates the tenant’s exclusive use rights for a specified period of time,

 

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if the related borrower violates covenants under the related lease or if third parties take certain actions that adversely affect such tenants’ business or operations,

 

in the case of government sponsored tenants, at any time or for lack of appropriations, or

 

if the related borrower violates covenants under the related lease or if third parties take certain actions that adversely affect such tenants’ business or operations.

 

In certain cases, compliance or satisfaction of landlord covenants may be the responsibility of a third party affiliated with the borrower or, in the event that partial releases of the applicable mortgaged property are permitted, an unaffiliated or affiliated third party.

 

Any exercise of a termination right by a tenant at a mortgaged property could result in vacant space at the related mortgaged property, renegotiation of the lease with the related tenant or re-letting of the space. Any such vacated space may not be re-let. Furthermore, such foregoing termination and/or abatement rights may arise in the future or materially adversely affect the related borrower’s ability to meet its obligations under the related mortgage loan documents. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Lease Expirations and Terminations” for information on material tenant lease expirations and early termination options.

 

Mortgaged Properties Leased to Not-for-Profit Tenants Also Have Risks

 

Certain mortgaged properties may have tenants that are charitable institutions that generally rely on contributions from individuals and government grants or other subsidies to pay rent on office space and other operating expenses. We cannot assure you that the rate, frequency and level of individual contributions or governmental grants and subsidies will continue with respect to any such institution. A reduction in contributions or grants may impact the ability of the related institution to pay rent, and we cannot assure you that the related borrower will be in a position to meet its obligations under the related mortgage loan documents if such tenant fails to pay its rent.

 

Retail Properties Have Special Risks

 

Some of the mortgage loans are secured by retail properties. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Retail Properties.” The value of retail properties is significantly affected by the quality of the tenants as well as fundamental aspects of real estate, such as location and market demographics, and by changes in shopping methods and choices. Some of the risks related to these matters are further described in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” and “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases” above, and “—Some Retail Properties Depend on Anchor Stores or Major Tenants to Attract Shoppers and Could be Materially Adversely Affected by the Loss of, or a Store Closure by, One or More of These Anchor Stores or Major Tenants” below.

 

Rental payments from tenants of retail properties typically comprise the largest portion of the net operating income of those mortgaged properties. The correlation between success of tenant business and a retail property’s value may be more direct with respect to retail properties than other types of commercial property because a component of the total rent paid by certain retail tenants is often tied to a percentage of gross sales. We cannot assure you that the net operating income contributed by the retail mortgaged properties or

 

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the rates of occupancy at the retail stores will remain at the levels specified in this prospectus or remain consistent with past performance.

 

Changes in the Retail Sector, Such as Online Shopping and Other Uses of Technology, Could Affect the Business Models and Viability of Retailers.

 

Online shopping and the use of technology, such as smartphone shopping applications, to transact purchases or to aid purchasing decisions have increased in recent years and are expected to continue to increase in the future. This trend is affecting business models, sales and profitability of some retailers and could adversely affect the demand for retail real estate and occupancy at retail properties securing the mortgage loans. Any resulting decreases in rental revenue could have a material adverse effect on the value of retail properties securing the mortgage loans.

 

Some of these developments in the retail sector have led to many retailers, including several national retailers, filing for bankruptcy and/or voluntarily closing certain of their stores. Borrowers may be unable to re-lease such space or to re-lease it on comparable or more favorable terms. As a result, the bankruptcy or closure of a national tenant may adversely affect a retail borrower’s revenues. In addition, such closings may allow other tenants to modify their leases to terms that are less favorable for borrowers or to terminate their leases, also adversely impacting their revenues. See also “—Some Retail Properties Depend on Anchor Stores or Major Tenants to Attract Shoppers and Could be Materially Adversely Affected by the Loss of, or a Store Closure by, One or More of These Anchor Stores or Major Tenants” below.

 

In addition to competition from online shopping, retail properties face competition from sources outside a specific geographical real estate market. For example, all of the following compete with more traditional retail properties for consumer dollars: factory outlet centers, discount shopping centers and clubs, catalog retailers, home shopping networks, and telemarketing. Continued growth of these alternative retail outlets (which often have lower operating costs) could adversely affect the rents collectible at the retail properties included in the pool of mortgage loans, as well as the income from, and market value of, the mortgaged properties and the related borrower’s ability to refinance such property. Moreover, additional competing retail properties may be built in the areas where the retail properties are located.

 

We cannot assure you that these developments in the retail sector will not adversely affect the performance of retail properties securing the mortgage loans.

 

The Performance of the Retail Properties is Subject to Conditions Affecting the Retail Sector.

 

Retail properties are also subject to conditions that could negatively affect the retail sector, such as increased unemployment, increased federal income and payroll taxes, increased health care costs, increased state and local taxes, increased real estate taxes, industry slowdowns, lack of availability of consumer credit, weak income growth, increased levels of consumer debt, poor housing market conditions, adverse weather conditions, natural disasters, plant closings, and other factors. Similarly, local real estate conditions, such as an oversupply of, or a reduction in demand for, retail space or retail goods, and the supply and creditworthiness of current and prospective tenants may negatively impact those retail properties.

 

In addition, the limited adaptability of certain shopping malls that have proven unprofitable may result in high (and possibly extremely high) loss severities on mortgage

 

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loans secured by those shopping malls. For example, it is possible that a significant amount of advances made by the applicable servicer(s) of a mortgage loan secured by a shopping mall property, combined with low liquidation proceeds in respect of that property, may result in a loss severity exceeding 100% of the outstanding principal balance of that mortgage loan.

 

Some Retail Properties Depend on Anchor Stores or Major Tenants to Attract Shoppers and Could be Materially Adversely Affected by the Loss of, or a Store Closure by, One or More of These Anchor Stores or Major Tenants.

 

The presence or absence of an “anchor tenant” or a “shadow anchor tenant” in or near a retail property also can be important to the performance of a retail property because anchors play a key role in generating customer traffic and making a retail property desirable for other tenants. Retail properties may also have shadow anchor tenants. An “anchor tenant” is located on the related mortgaged property, usually proportionately larger in size than most or all other tenants at the mortgaged property, and is vital in attracting customers to a retail property. A “shadow anchor tenant” is usually proportionally larger in size than most tenants at the mortgaged property, is important in attracting customers to a retail property and is located sufficiently close and convenient to the mortgaged property so as to influence and attract potential customers, but is not located on the mortgaged property.

 

If anchor stores in a mortgaged property were to close, the related borrower may be unable to replace those anchors in a timely manner or without suffering adverse economic consequences. In addition, anchor tenants and non-anchor tenants at anchored or shadow anchored retail centers may have co-tenancy clauses and/or operating covenants in their leases or operating agreements that permit those tenants or anchor stores to cease operating, reduce rent or terminate their leases if the anchor tenant, the shadow anchor tenant or another major tenant goes dark, a specified percentage of the property is vacant or if the subject store is not meeting the minimum sales requirement under its lease. Even if non-anchor tenants do not have termination or rent abatement rights, the loss of an anchor tenant or a shadow anchor tenant may have a material adverse impact on the non-anchor tenant’s ability to operate because the anchor tenant or shadow anchor tenant plays a key role in generating customer traffic and making a center desirable for other tenants. This, in turn, may adversely impact the borrower’s ability to meet its obligations under the related mortgage loan documents. In addition, in the event that a “shadow anchor” fails to renew its lease, terminates its lease or otherwise ceases to conduct business within a close proximity to the mortgaged property, customer traffic at the mortgaged property may be substantially reduced. If an anchor tenant goes dark, generally the borrower’s only remedy may be to terminate that lease after the anchor tenant has been dark for a specified amount of time.

 

Certain anchor tenants may have the right to demolish and rebuild, or substantially alter, their premises. Exercise of such rights may result in disruptions at the mortgaged property or reduce traffic to the mortgaged property, may trigger co-tenancy clauses if such activities result in the anchor tenants being dark for the period specified in the cotenancy clause, and may result in reduced value of the structure or in loss of the structure if the tenant fails to rebuild.

 

If anchor tenants or shadow anchor tenants at a particular mortgaged property were to close or otherwise become vacant or remain vacant, we cannot assure you that the related borrower’s ability to repay its mortgage loan would not be materially and adversely affected.

 

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Certain anchor tenant and tenant estoppels will have been obtained in connection with the origination of the mortgage loans. These estoppels may identify disputes between the related borrower and the applicable anchor tenant or tenant, or alleged defaults or potential defaults by the applicable property owner under the lease or a reciprocal easement and/or operating agreement (each, an “REA”). Such disputes, defaults or potential defaults could lead to a termination or attempted termination of the applicable lease or REA by the anchor tenant or tenant, the tenant withholding some or all of its rental payments or litigation against the related borrower. We cannot assure you that the anchor tenant or tenant estoppels obtained identify all potential disputes that may arise with respect to the retail mortgaged properties, or that anchor tenant or tenant disputes will not have a material adverse effect on the ability of borrowers to repay their mortgage loans.

 

Certain retail properties have specialty use tenants. See “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses” below. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Retail Properties” and “—Mortgage Pool CharacteristicsSpecialty Use Concentrations”.

 

Office Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” and “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases” above, other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of office properties, including:

 

the physical attributes of the building in relation to competing buildings (e.g., age, condition, design, appearance, access to transportation and ability to offer certain amenities, such as sophisticated building systems and/or business wiring requirements);

 

the adaptability of the building to changes in the technological needs of the tenants;

 

an adverse change in population, patterns of telecommuting or sharing of office space, and employment growth (which creates demand for office space); and

 

in the case of a medical office property, (a) the proximity of such property to a hospital or other healthcare establishment, (b) reimbursements for patient fees from private or government sponsored insurers, (c) its ability to attract doctors and nurses to be on staff, and (d) its ability to afford and acquire the latest medical equipment. Issues related to reimbursement (ranging from nonpayment to delays in payment) from such insurers could adversely impact cash flow at such mortgaged property.

 

Moreover, the cost of refitting office space for a new tenant is often higher than the cost of refitting other types of properties for new tenants.

 

If one or more major tenants at a particular office property were to close or remain vacant, we cannot assure you that such tenants would be replaced in a timely manner or without incurring material additional costs to the related borrower and resulting in an adverse effect on the financial performance of the property.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Office Properties”.

 

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Industrial Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” and “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases” above, other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of industrial properties, including:

 

reduced demand for industrial space because of a decline in a particular industry segment;

 

the property becoming functionally obsolete;

 

building design and adaptability;

 

unavailability of labor sources;

 

changes in access, energy prices, strikes, relocation of highways, the construction of additional highways or other factors;

 

changes in proximity of supply sources;

 

the expenses of converting a previously adapted space to general use; and

 

the location of the property.

 

Industrial properties may be adversely affected by reduced demand for industrial space occasioned by a decline in a particular industry segment in which the related tenants conduct their businesses (for example, a decline in consumer demand for products sold by a tenant using the property as a distribution center). In addition, a particular industrial or warehouse property that suited the needs of its original tenant may be difficult to relet to another tenant or may become functionally obsolete relative to newer properties. Furthermore, lease terms with respect to industrial properties are generally for shorter periods of time and may result in a substantial percentage of leases expiring in the same year at any particular industrial property. In addition, mortgaged properties used for many industrial purposes are more prone to environmental concerns than other property types.

 

Aspects of building site design and adaptability affect the value of an industrial property. Site characteristics that are generally desirable to a warehouse/industrial property include high clear ceiling heights, wide column spacing, a large number of bays (loading docks) and large bay depths, divisibility, a layout that can accommodate large truck minimum turning radii and overall functionality and accessibility.

 

In addition, because of unique construction requirements of many industrial properties, any vacant industrial property space may not be easily converted to other uses. Thus, if the operation of any of the industrial properties becomes unprofitable due to competition, age of the improvements or other factors such that the borrower becomes unable to meet its obligations on the related mortgage loan, the liquidation value of that industrial property may be substantially less, relative to the amount owing on the related mortgage loan, than would be the case if the industrial property were readily adaptable to other uses.

 

Location is also important because an industrial property requires the availability of labor sources, proximity to supply sources and customers and accessibility to rail lines, major roadways and other distribution channels.

 

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Further, certain of the industrial properties may have tenants that are subject to risks unique to their business, such as cold storage facilities. Cold storage facilities may have unique risks such as short lease terms due to seasonal use, making income potentially more volatile than for properties with longer term leases, and customized refrigeration design, rendering such facilities less readily convertible to alternative uses.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Industrial Properties”.

 

Hotel Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” above, various other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of hotel properties, including:

 

adverse economic and social conditions, either local, regional or national (which may limit the amount that can be charged for a room and reduce occupancy levels);

 

continuing expenditures for modernizing, refurbishing and maintaining existing facilities prior to the expiration of their anticipated useful lives;

 

ability to convert to alternative uses which may not be readily made;

 

a deterioration in the financial strength or managerial capabilities of the owner or operator of a hotel property;

 

changes in travel patterns caused by general adverse economic conditions, fear of terrorist attacks, adverse weather conditions and changes in access, energy prices, strikes, travel costs, relocation of highways, the construction of additional highways, concerns about travel safety or other factors;

 

relative illiquidity of hospitality investments which limits the ability of the borrowers and property managers to respond to changes in economic or other conditions; and

 

competition.

 

Because hotel rooms are generally rented for short periods of time, the financial performance of hotel properties tends to be affected by adverse economic conditions and competition more quickly than other commercial properties. Additionally, as a result of high operating costs, relatively small decreases in revenue can cause significant stress on a property’s cash flow.

 

Moreover, the hospitality and lodging industry is generally seasonal in nature and different seasons affect different hotel properties differently depending on type and location. This seasonality can be expected to cause periodic fluctuations in a hotel property’s room and restaurant revenues, occupancy levels, room rates and operating expenses. We cannot assure you that cash flow will be sufficient to offset any shortfalls that occur at the mortgaged property during slower periods or that the related mortgage loans provide for seasonality reserves, or if seasonality reserves are provided for, that such reserves will be funded or will be sufficient or available to fund such shortfalls.

 

In addition, certain hotel properties are limited-service, select service or extended stay hotels. Hotel properties that are limited-service, select service or extended stay hotels may subject a lender to more risk than full-service hotel properties as they generally require less capital for construction than full-service hotel properties. In addition, as limited-service,

 

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select service or extended stay hotels generally offer fewer amenities than full-service hotel properties, they are less distinguishable from each other. As a result, it is easier for limited-service, select service or extended stay hotels to experience increased or unforeseen competition.

 

In addition to hotel operations, some hotel properties also operate entertainment complexes that include restaurants, lounges, nightclubs and/or banquet and meeting spaces and may derive a significant portion of the related property’s revenue from such operations. Consumer demand for entertainment resorts is particularly sensitive to downturns in the economy and the corresponding impact on discretionary spending on leisure activities. Changes in discretionary consumer spending or consumer preferences could be driven by factors such as perceived or actual general economic conditions, high energy, fuel and food costs, the increased cost of travel, the weakened job market, perceived or actual disposable consumer income and wealth, fears of recession and changes in consumer confidence in the economy, or fears of war and future acts of terrorism. These factors could reduce consumer demand for the leisure activities that the property offers, thus imposing practical limits on pricing and harming operations. Restaurants and nightclubs are particularly vulnerable to changes in consumer preferences. In addition, a nightclub’s, restaurant’s or bar’s revenue is extremely dependent on its popularity and perception. These characteristics are subject to change rapidly and we cannot assure you that any of a hotel property’s nightclubs, restaurants or bars will maintain their current level of popularity or perception in the market. Any such change could have a material adverse effect on the net cash flow of the property.

 

Some of the hotel properties have liquor licenses associated with the mortgaged property. The liquor licenses for these mortgaged properties are generally held by affiliates of the related borrowers, unaffiliated managers or operating lessees. The laws and regulations relating to liquor licenses generally prohibit the transfer of such licenses to any person, or condition such transfer on the prior approval of the governmental authority that issued the license. In the event of a foreclosure of a hotel property that holds a liquor license, the special servicer on behalf of the issuing entity or a purchaser in a foreclosure sale would likely have to apply for a new license, which might not be granted or might be granted only after a delay that could be significant. We cannot assure you that a new license could be obtained promptly or at all. The lack of a liquor license in a hotel property could have an adverse impact on the revenue from the related mortgaged property or on the hotel property’s occupancy rate.

 

In addition, hospitality properties may be structured with a master lease (or operating lease) in order to minimize potential liabilities of the borrower. Under the master lease structure, an operating lessee (typically affiliated with the borrower) is also an obligor under the related mortgage loan and the operating lessee borrower pays rent to the fee owner borrower. See “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Mortgaged Properties Leased to Borrowers or Borrower Affiliated Entities Also Have Risks” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Affiliated Leases”.

 

In addition, there may be risks associated with hotel properties that have not entered into or become a party to any franchise agreement, license agreement or other “flag”. Hotel properties often enter into these types of agreements in order to align the hotel property with a certain public perception or to benefit from a centralized reservation system. We cannot assure you that hotel properties that lack such benefits will be able to operate successfully on an independent basis.

  

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See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Hospitality Properties”.

 

Risks Relating to Affiliation with a Franchise or Hotel Management Company

 

The performance of a hotel property affiliated with a franchise or hotel management company depends in part on:

 

the continued existence and financial strength of the franchisor or hotel management company;

 

the public perception of the franchise or hotel chain service mark; and

 

the duration of the franchise licensing or management agreements.

 

The continuation of a franchise agreement, license agreement or management agreement is subject to specified operating standards and other terms and conditions set forth in such agreements. The failure of a borrower to maintain such standards or adhere to other applicable terms and conditions, such as property improvement plans, could result in the loss or cancellation of their rights under the franchise, license or hotel management agreement. We cannot assure you that a replacement franchise could be obtained in the event of termination or that such replacement franchise affiliation would be of equal quality to the terminated franchise affiliation. In addition, a replacement franchise, license and/or hotel property manager may require significantly higher fees as well as the investment of capital to bring the hotel property into compliance with the requirements of the replacement franchisor, licensor and/or hotel property manager. Any provision in a franchise agreement, license agreement or management agreement providing for termination because of a bankruptcy of a franchisor, licensor or manager generally will not be enforceable.

 

The transferability of franchise agreements, license agreements and property management agreements may be restricted. In the event of a foreclosure, the lender may not have the right to use the franchise license without the franchisor’s consent or the manager might be able to terminate the management agreement. Conversely, in the case of certain mortgage loans, the lender may be unable to remove a franchisor/licensor or a hotel management company that it desires to replace following a foreclosure and, further, may be limited as regards the pool of potential transferees for a foreclosure or real estate owned property.

 

In some cases where a hotel property is subject to a license, franchise or management agreement, the licensor, franchisor or manager has required or may in the future require the completion of various repairs and/or renovations pursuant to a property improvement plan issued by the licensor, franchisor or manager. Failure to complete those repairs and/or renovations in accordance with the plan could result in the hotel property losing its license or franchise or in the termination of the management agreement. Annex A-1 and the related footnotes set forth the amount of reserves, if any, established under the related mortgage loans in connection with any of those repairs and/or renovations. We cannot assure you that any amounts reserved will be sufficient to complete the repairs and/or renovations required with respect to any affected hotel property. In addition, in some cases, those reserves will be maintained by the franchisor, licensor or property manager. Furthermore, the lender may not require a reserve for repairs and/or renovations in all instances.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Hospitality Properties”.

 

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Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” and “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases” above, other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of multifamily properties, including:

 

the quality of property management;

 

the ability of management to provide adequate maintenance and insurance;

 

the types of services or amenities that the property provides;

 

the property’s reputation;

 

the level of mortgage interest rates, which may encourage tenants to purchase rather than lease housing;

 

the generally short terms of residential leases and the need for continued reletting;

 

rent concessions and month-to-month leases, which may impact cash flow at the property;

 

the tenant mix, such as the tenant population being predominantly students or being heavily dependent on workers from a particular business or industry or personnel from or workers related to a local military base or oil and/or gas drilling industries;

 

in the case of student housing facilities or properties leased primarily to students, which may be more susceptible to damage or wear and tear than other types of multifamily housing, the reliance on the financial well-being of the college or university to which it relates, competition from on campus housing units, which may adversely affect occupancy, the physical layout of the housing, which may not be readily convertible to traditional multifamily use, and that student tenants have a higher turnover rate than other types of multifamily tenants, which in certain cases is compounded by the fact that student leases are available for periods of less than 12 months;

 

certain multifamily properties may be considered to be “flexible apartment properties”. Such properties have a significant percentage of units leased to tenants under short-term leases (less than one year in term), which creates a higher turnover rate than for other types of multifamily properties;

 

restrictions on the age or income of tenants who may reside at the property;

 

dependence upon governmental programs that provide rent subsidies to tenants pursuant to tenant voucher programs, which vouchers may be used at other properties and influence tenant mobility;

 

adverse local, regional or national economic conditions, which may limit the amount of rent that may be charged and may result in a reduction of timely rent payments or a reduction in occupancy levels;

 

state and local regulations, which may affect the building owner’s ability to increase rent to market rent for an equivalent apartment; and

 

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the existence of government assistance/rent subsidy programs, and whether or not they continue and provide the same level of assistance or subsidies.

 

Certain states regulate the relationship between an owner and its tenants. Commonly, these laws require a written lease, good cause for eviction, disclosure of fees, and notification to residents of changed land use, while prohibiting unreasonable rules, retaliatory evictions, and restrictions on a resident’s choice of unit vendors. Apartment building owners have been the subject of suits under state “Unfair and Deceptive Practices Acts” and other general consumer protection statutes for coercive, abusive or unconscionable leasing and sales practices. A few states offer more significant protection. For example, in some states, there are provisions that limit the bases on which a landlord may terminate a tenancy or increase a tenant’s rent or prohibit a landlord from terminating a tenancy solely by reason of the sale of the owner’s building.

 

In addition to state regulation of the landlord tenant relationship, numerous counties and municipalities impose rent control on apartment buildings. These ordinances may limit rent increases to fixed percentages, to percentages of increases in the consumer price index, to increases set or approved by a governmental agency, or to increases determined through mediation or binding arbitration. Any limitations on a borrower’s ability to raise property rents may impair such borrower’s ability to repay its multifamily loan from its net operating income or the proceeds of a sale or refinancing of the related multifamily property.

 

Certain of the mortgage loans may be secured in the future by mortgaged properties that are subject to certain affordable housing covenants and other covenants and restrictions with respect to various tax credit, city, state and federal housing subsidies, rent stabilization or similar programs, in respect of various units within the mortgaged properties. The limitations and restrictions imposed by these programs could result in losses on the mortgage loans. In addition, in the event that the program is cancelled, it could result in less income for the project. These programs may include, among others:

 

rent limitations that would adversely affect the ability of borrowers to increase rents to maintain the condition of their mortgaged properties and satisfy operating expenses; and

 

tenant income restrictions that may reduce the number of eligible tenants in those mortgaged properties and result in a reduction in occupancy rates.

 

The difference in rents between subsidized or supported properties and other multifamily rental properties in the same area may not be a sufficient economic incentive for some eligible tenants to reside at a subsidized or supported property that may have fewer amenities or be less attractive as a residence. As a result, occupancy levels at a subsidized or supported property may decline, which may adversely affect the value and successful operation of such property.

 

Moreover, ongoing litigation concerning the status of rent-stabilized properties may adversely affect existing market rent units and a borrower’s ability to convert rent-stabilized units to market rent units in the future and may give rise to liability in connection with previously converted units. For example, the New York State Appellate Division, in Altman v. 285 West Fourth (1st Dept., 2015) held that in order to effectuate vacancy luxury deregulation, the legal rent had to be above the statutory deregulation threshold at the time the outgoing tenant vacated and the fact that the legal rent was above the statutory threshold at the time the incoming tenant moved in was not relevant.  The Altman case is currently on appeal and scheduled to be heard by the New York Court of Appeals. Certain

 

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of the mortgage loans are secured by mortgaged properties that include rent stabilized and/or rent controlled units. Additionally, certain units at such mortgaged properties were previously rent-stabilized units, but such units were converted to market rent units. If the New York Court of Appeals were to uphold the Altman decision, no assurances can be made as to the impact on the existing market rent units at any mortgaged property with rent stabilized and/or rent controlled units or the borrower’s liability in connection therewith.

 

In addition, New York City’s J-51 program is a tax exemption and/or abatement program for certain eligible multifamily properties. New York State courts have held in a series of decisions that a rent-stabilized apartment in a building for which the owner receives J-51 tax benefits is not subject to the luxury deregulation provisions of the rent stabilization law until the tax benefit expires or, if the lease contained a notice that the unit would be deregulated upon expiration of the tax benefit, until the apartment becomes vacant after expiration of the tax benefit, and that such holding could have retroactive effect. See Roberts v. Tishman Speyer Props., L.P., 13 N.Y.3d 270 (2009), and progeny, e.g., Roberts v. Tishman, 89 A.D. 3d 444 (1st Dep’t 2011); Borden v. 400 East 55th Street Assocs., 24 N.Y.3d 382 (2014). Two (2) multifamily Mortgaged Properties, collectively representing approximately 6.7% of the Initial Pool Balance, are located in the state of New York.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Multifamily Properties”.

 

Self Storage Properties Have Special Risks

 

In addition to the factors discussed in “—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally” above, other factors may adversely affect the financial performance and value of self storage properties, including:

 

decreased demand;

 

lack of proximity to apartment complexes or commercial users;

 

apartment tenants moving to single family homes;

 

decline in services rendered, including security;

 

dependence on business activity ancillary to renting units;

 

security concerns;

 

age of improvements; or

 

competition or other factors.

 

Self storage properties are considered vulnerable to competition, because both acquisition costs and break-even occupancy are relatively low. The conversion of self storage facilities to alternative uses would generally require substantial capital expenditures. Thus, if the operation of any of the self storage properties becomes unprofitable, the liquidation value of that self storage mortgaged property may be substantially less, relative to the amount owing on the mortgage loan, than if the self storage mortgaged property were readily adaptable to other uses. In addition, storage units are typically engaged for shorter time frames than traditional commercial leases for office or retail space.

 

Tenants at self storage properties tend to require and receive privacy, anonymity and efficient access, each of which may heighten environmental and other risks related to such

 

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property as the borrower may be unaware of the contents in any self storage unit. No environmental assessment of a self storage mortgaged property included an inspection of the contents of the self storage units at that mortgaged property, and there is no assurance that all of the units included in the self storage mortgaged properties are free from hazardous substances or other pollutants or contaminants or will remain so in the future.

 

Certain mortgage loans secured by self storage properties may be affiliated with a franchise company through a franchise agreement. The performance of a self storage property affiliated with a franchise company may be affected by the continued existence and financial strength of the franchisor, the public perception of a service mark, and the duration of the franchise agreement. The transferability of franchise license agreements is restricted. In the event of a foreclosure, the lender or its agent would not have the right to use the franchise license without the franchisor’s consent. In addition, certain self storage properties may derive a material portion of revenue from business activities ancillary to self storage such as truck rentals, parking fees and similar activities which require special use permits or other discretionary zoning approvals and/or from leasing a portion of the subject property for office or retail purposes. See Annex A-1 and the footnotes related thereto.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Self Storage Properties”.

 

Data Center Properties Have Special Risks

 

The primary function of a data center is to provide a secure location for back-up data storage. Data centers are subject to similar risks as office buildings. The value of a data center will be affected by its telecommunications capacity, availability of sufficient power, and availability of support systems including environmental, temperature and hazard risk control, physical security, and redundant backup systems. As data centers contain sensitive and highly costly equipment and connections, they are subject to heightened risk in the event of fire, natural disaster or terrorism. In addition, data centers can be the subject of build-to-suit construction to specific user requirements. As such, if the lease with a data center user is terminated for any reason, the cost and time to adapt the space to other users may be considerable. Further, data center properties may not be readily convertible (or convertible at all) to alternative uses if those properties were to become unprofitable, or if the leased spaces were to become vacant, for any reason. See “—Office Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”.

 

Mixed Use Properties Have Special Risks

 

Certain properties are mixed use properties. Such mortgaged properties are subject to the risks relating to the property types described in “—Office Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Retail Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”, as applicable. See Annex A-1 for the five largest tenants (by net rentable area leased) at each mixed use property. A mixed use property may be subject to additional risks, including the property manager’s inexperience in managing the different property types that comprise such mixed use property.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Mixed Use Properties”.

 

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Condominium Ownership May Limit Use and Improvements

 

The management and operation of a condominium is generally controlled by a condominium board representing the owners of the individual condominium units, subject to the terms of the related condominium rules or by-laws. Generally, the consent of a majority of the board members is required for any actions of the condominium board and a unit owner’s ability to control decisions of the board are generally related to the number of units owned by such owner as a percentage of the total number of units in the condominium. In certain cases, the related borrower does not have a majority of votes on the condominium board, which result in the related borrower not having control of the related condominium or owners association.

 

The board of managers or directors of the related condominium generally has discretion to make decisions affecting the condominium, and we cannot assure you that the related borrower under a mortgage loan secured by one or more interests in that condominium will have any control over decisions made by the related board of managers or directors. Even if a borrower or its designated board members, either through control of the appointment and voting of sufficient members of the related condominium board or by virtue of other provisions in the related condominium documents, has consent rights over actions by the related condominium associations or owners, we cannot assure you that the related condominium board will not take actions that would materially adversely affect the related borrower’s unit. Thus, decisions made by that board of managers or directors, including regarding assessments to be paid by the unit owners, insurance to be maintained on the condominium and many other decisions affecting the maintenance of that condominium, may have a significant adverse impact on the related mortgage loans in the issuing entity that are secured by mortgaged properties consisting of such condominium interests. We cannot assure you that the related board of managers or directors will always act in the best interests of the related borrower under the related mortgage loans.

 

The condominium board is generally responsible for administration of the affairs of the condominium, including providing for maintenance and repair of common areas, adopting rules and regulations regarding common areas, and obtaining insurance and repairing and restoring the common areas of the property after a casualty. Notwithstanding the insurance and casualty provisions of the related mortgage loan documents, the condominium board may have the right to control the use of casualty proceeds.

 

In addition, the condominium board generally has the right to assess individual unit owners for their share of expenses related to the operation and maintenance of the common elements. In the event that an owner of another unit fails to pay its allocated assessments, the related borrower may be required to pay such assessments in order to properly maintain and operate the common elements of the property. Although the condominium board generally may obtain a lien against any unit owner for common expenses that are not paid, such lien generally is extinguished if a lender takes possession pursuant to a foreclosure. Each unit owner is responsible for maintenance of its respective unit and retains essential operational control over its unit.

 

In addition, due to the nature of condominiums, a default on the part of the borrower with respect to such mortgaged properties will not allow the special servicer the same flexibility in realizing on the collateral as is generally available with respect to commercial properties that are not condominium units. The rights of other unit or property owners, the documents governing the management of the condominium units and the state and local laws applicable to condominium units must be considered. In addition, in the event of a casualty with respect to a condominium, due to the possible existence of multiple loss payees on any insurance policy covering such property, there could be a delay in the

 

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allocation of related insurance proceeds, if any. Consequently, servicing and realizing upon the collateral described above could subject the certificateholders to a greater delay, expense and risk than with respect to a mortgage loan secured by a commercial property that is not a condominium unit.

 

Certain condominium declarations and/or local laws provide for the withdrawal of a property from a condominium structure under certain circumstances. For example, the New York Condominium Act provides for a withdrawal of the property from a condominium structure by vote of 80% of unit owners. If the condominium is terminated, the building will be subject to an action for partition by any unit owner or lienor as if owned in common. This could cause an early and unanticipated prepayment of the mortgage loan. We cannot assure you that the proceeds from partition would be sufficient to satisfy borrower’s obligations under the mortgage loan. See also “—Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions” for certain risks relating to use restrictions imposed pursuant to condominium declarations or other condominium especially in a situation where the mortgaged property does not represent the entire condominium building.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Condominium Interests”.

 

Operation of a Mortgaged Property Depends on the Property Manager’s Performance

 

The successful operation of a real estate project depends upon the property manager’s performance and viability. The property manager is responsible for:

 

responding to changes in the local market;

 

planning and implementing the rental structure;

 

operating the property and providing building services;

 

managing operating expenses; and

 

assuring that maintenance and capital improvements are carried out in a timely fashion.

 

Properties deriving revenues primarily from short term sources, such as hotel guests or short term or month-to-month leases, are generally more management intensive than properties leased to creditworthy tenants under long term leases.

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties will be managed by affiliates of the related borrower. If a mortgage loan is in default or undergoing special servicing, such relationship could disrupt the management of the related mortgaged property, which may adversely affect cash flow. However, the related mortgage loans will generally permit, in the case of mortgaged properties managed by borrower affiliates, the lender to remove the related property manager upon the occurrence of an event of default under the related mortgage loan beyond applicable cure periods (or, in some cases, in the event of a foreclosure following such default), and in some cases a decline in cash flow below a specified level or the failure to satisfy some other specified performance trigger.

 

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Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses

 

The effect of mortgage pool loan losses will be more severe if the losses relate to mortgage loans that account for a disproportionately large percentage of the pool’s aggregate principal balance. As mortgage loans pay down or properties are released, the remaining certificateholders may face a higher risk with respect to the diversity of property types and property characteristics and with respect to the number of borrowers.

 

See the table entitled “Range of Remaining Terms to Maturity or ARD as of the Cut-off Date” in Annex A-2 for a stratification of the remaining terms to maturity or anticipated repayment date of the mortgage loans. Because principal on the certificates is payable in sequential order of payment priority, and a class receives principal only after the preceding class(es) have been paid in full, classes that have a lower sequential priority are more likely to face these types of risks of concentration than classes with a higher sequential priority.

 

Several of the mortgage loans have cut-off date balances that are substantially higher than the average cut-off date balance. In general, concentrations in mortgage loans with larger-than-average balances can result in losses that are more severe, relative to the size of the mortgage loan pool, than would be the case if the aggregate balance of the mortgage loan pool were more evenly distributed.

 

A concentration of mortgage loans secured by the same mortgaged property types can increase the risk that a decline in a particular industry or business would have a disproportionately large impact on the pool of mortgage loans. Mortgaged property types representing more than 5.0% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date (based on allocated loan amount) are retail, office, industrial, hospitality, multifamily and self storage properties. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types” for information on the types of mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans in the mortgage pool.

 

Repayments by borrowers and the market value of the related mortgaged properties could be affected by economic conditions generally or specific to particular geographic areas or regions of the United States, and concentrations of mortgaged properties in particular geographic areas may increase the risk that conditions in the real estate market where the mortgaged property is located, or other adverse economic or other developments or natural disasters (e.g., earthquakes, floods, forest fires, tornadoes or hurricanes or changes in governmental rules or fiscal policies) affecting a particular region of the country, could increase the frequency and severity of losses on mortgage loans secured by those mortgaged properties. As a result, areas affected by such events may experience disruptions in travel, transportation and tourism, loss of jobs, an overall decrease in consumer activity, or a decline in real estate-related investments. We cannot assure you that the economies in such impacted areas will recover sufficiently to support income-producing real estate at pre-event levels or that the costs of the related clean-up will not have a material adverse effect on the local or national economy. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Geographic Concentrations” in this prospectus. We cannot assure you that any hurricane damage would be covered by insurance.

 

Mortgaged properties securing 5.0% or more of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date (based on allocated loan amount) are located in Georgia, Tennessee, Florida, California, New Jersey, Massachusetts and Virginia. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Geographic Concentrations”.

 

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Some of the mortgaged properties are located in areas that, based on low population density, poor economic demographics (such as higher than average unemployment rates, lower than average annual household income and/or overall loss of jobs) and/or negative trends in such regards, would be considered secondary or tertiary markets.

 

A concentration of mortgage loans with the same borrower or related borrowers also can pose increased risks, such as:

 

if a borrower that owns or controls several properties (whether or not all of them secure mortgage loans in the mortgage pool) experiences financial difficulty at one such property, it could defer maintenance at a mortgaged property or debt service payments on the related mortgage loan in order to satisfy current expenses with respect to the first property or, alternatively, it could direct leasing activity in ways that are adverse to the mortgaged property;

 

a borrower could also attempt to avert foreclosure by filing a bankruptcy petition that might have the effect of interrupting debt service payments on the mortgage loans in the mortgage pool secured by that borrower’s mortgaged properties (subject to the master servicer’s and the trustee’s obligation to make advances for monthly payments) for an indefinite period; and

 

mortgaged properties owned by the same borrower or related borrowers are likely to have common management, common general partners and/or common managing members, thereby increasing the risk that financial or other difficulties experienced by such related parties could have a greater impact on the pool of mortgage loans. See “—A Bankruptcy Proceeding May Result in Losses and Delays in Realizing on the Mortgage Loans” below.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics” for information on the composition of the mortgage pool by property type and geographic distribution and loan concentration.

 

Adverse Environmental Conditions at or Near Mortgaged Properties May Result in Losses

 

The issuing entity could become liable for a material adverse environmental condition at an underlying mortgaged property. Any such potential liability could reduce or delay payments on the offered certificates.

 

Each of the mortgaged properties was either (i) subject to environmental site assessments prior to the time of origination of the related mortgage loan (or, in certain limited cases, after origination) including Phase I environmental site assessments or updates of previously performed Phase I environmental site assessments, or (ii) subject to a secured creditor environmental insurance policy or other environmental insurance policy. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Environmental Considerations”.

 

We cannot assure you that the environmental assessments revealed all existing or potential environmental risks or that all adverse environmental conditions have been or will be completely abated or remediated or that any reserves, insurance or operations and maintenance plans will be sufficient to remediate the environmental conditions. Moreover, we cannot assure you that:

 

future laws, ordinances or regulations will not impose any material environmental liability; or

 

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the current environmental condition of the mortgaged properties will not be adversely affected by tenants or by the condition of land or operations in the vicinity of the mortgaged properties (such as underground storage tanks).

 

We cannot assure you that with respect to any mortgaged property any remediation plan or any projected remedial costs or time is accurate or sufficient to complete the remediation objectives, or that no additional contamination requiring environmental investigation or remediation will be discovered on any mortgaged property. Likewise, all environmental policies naming the lender as named insured cover certain risks or events specifically identified in the policy, but the coverage is limited by its terms, conditions, limitations and exclusions, and does not purport to cover all environmental conditions whatsoever affecting the applicable mortgaged property, and we cannot assure you that any environmental conditions currently known, suspected, or unknown and discovered in the future will be covered by the terms of the policy.

 

Before the trustee or the special servicer, as applicable, acquires title to a mortgaged property on behalf of the issuing entity or assumes operation of the property, it will be required to obtain an environmental assessment of such mortgaged property, or rely on a recent environmental assessment. This requirement is intended to mitigate the risk that the issuing entity will become liable under any environmental law. There is accordingly some risk that the mortgaged property will decline in value while this assessment is being obtained or remedial action is being taken. Moreover, we cannot assure you that this requirement will effectively insulate the issuing entity from potential liability under environmental laws. Any such potential liability could reduce or delay distributions to certificateholders.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Environmental Considerations” for additional information on environmental conditions at mortgaged properties securing certain mortgage loans in the issuing entity. See also representation and warranty no. 43 on Annex D-1 to this prospectus and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 to this prospectus (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1 to this prospectus).

 

See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers—Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC—Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes”; “—Wells Fargo Bank, National Association—Wells Fargo Bank’s Commercial Mortgage Loan Underwriting”; “—Barclays Bank PLC—Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Processes”; “—Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC—Basis’s Underwriting Standards and Loan Analysis”; “—BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards”; “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans”; and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans”.

 

See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Environmental Considerations”.

 

Risks Related to Redevelopment, Expansion and Renovation at Mortgaged Properties

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties are currently undergoing or, in the future, are expected to undergo redevelopment, expansion or renovation. In addition, the related borrower may be permitted under the related mortgage loan documents, at its option and cost but subject to certain conditions, to undergo future construction, renovation or alterations of the mortgaged property. To the extent applicable, we cannot assure you that any escrow or reserve collected, if any, will be sufficient to complete the current renovation or be otherwise sufficient to satisfy any tenant improvement expenses at a mortgaged property. Failure to complete those planned improvements may have a material adverse

 

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effect on the cash flow at the mortgaged property and the related borrower’s ability to meet its payment obligations under the mortgage loan documents.

 

Certain of the hotel properties securing the mortgage loans are currently undergoing or are scheduled to undergo renovations or property improvement plans. In some circumstances, these renovations or property improvement plans may necessitate taking a portion of the available guest rooms temporarily offline, temporarily decreasing the number of available rooms and the revenue generating capacity of the related hotel property. In other cases, these renovations may involve renovations of common spaces or external features of the related hotel property, which may cause disruptions or otherwise decrease the attractiveness of the related hotel property to potential guests. These property improvement plans may be required under the related franchise or management agreement and a failure to timely complete them may result in a termination or expiration of a franchise or management agreement and may be an event of default under the related mortgage loan.

 

Certain of the properties securing the mortgage loans may currently be undergoing or are scheduled to undergo renovations or property expansions. Such renovations or expansions may be required under tenant leases and a failure to timely complete such renovations or expansions may result in a termination of such lease and may have a material adverse effect on the cash flow at the mortgaged property and the related borrower’s ability to meet its payment obligations under the mortgage loan documents.

 

We cannot assure you that current or planned redevelopment, expansion or renovation will be completed at all, that such redevelopment, expansion or renovation will be completed in the time frame contemplated, or that, when and if such redevelopment, expansion or renovation is completed, such redevelopment, expansion or renovation will improve the operations at, or increase the value of, the related mortgaged property. Failure of any of the foregoing to occur could have a material negative impact on the related mortgaged property, which could affect the ability of the related borrower to repay the related mortgage loan.

 

In the event the related borrower fails to pay the costs for work completed or material delivered in connection with such ongoing redevelopment, expansion or renovation, the portion of the mortgaged property on which there are renovations may be subject to mechanic’s or materialmen’s liens that may be senior to the lien of the related mortgage loan.

 

The existence of construction or renovation at a mortgaged property may take rental units or rooms or leasable space “off-line” or otherwise make space unavailable for rental, impair access or traffic at or near the mortgaged property, or, in general, make that mortgaged property less attractive to tenants or their customers, and accordingly could have a negative effect on net operating income. In addition, any such construction or renovation at a mortgaged property may temporarily interfere with the use and operation of any portion of such mortgaged property. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Redevelopment, Renovation and Expansion” for information regarding mortgaged properties which are currently undergoing or, in the future, are expected to undergo redevelopment, expansion or renovation. See also Annex A-3 to this prospectus for additional information on redevelopment, renovation and expansion at the mortgaged properties securing the 15 largest mortgage loans.

 

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Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses

 

Certain mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans may have specialty use tenants and may not be readily convertible (or convertible at all) to alternative uses if those properties were to become unprofitable for any reason.

 

For example, retail, mixed-use or office properties may have theater tenants. Properties with theater tenants are exposed to certain unique risks. Aspects of building site design and adaptability affect the value of a theater. In addition, decreasing attendance at a theater could adversely affect revenue of the theater, which may, in turn, cause the tenant to experience financial difficulties, resulting in downgrades in their credit ratings and, in certain cases, bankruptcy filings. In addition, because of unique construction requirements of theaters, any vacant theater space would not easily be converted to other uses.

 

Retail, mixed-use or office properties may also have health clubs as tenants. Several factors may adversely affect the value and successful operation of a health club, including:

 

the physical attributes of the health club (e.g., its age, appearance and layout);

 

the reputation, safety, convenience and attractiveness of the property to users;

 

management’s ability to control membership growth and attrition;

 

competition in the tenant’s marketplace from other health clubs and alternatives to health clubs; and

 

adverse changes in economic and social conditions and demographic changes (e.g., population decreases or changes in average age or income), which may result in decreased demand.

 

In addition, there may be significant costs associated with changing consumer preferences (e.g., multipurpose clubs from single-purpose clubs or varieties of equipment, classes, services and amenities). In addition, health clubs may not be readily convertible to alternative uses if those properties were to become unprofitable for any reason. The liquidation value of any such health club consequently may be less than would be the case if the property were readily adaptable to changing consumer preferences for other uses.

 

Certain retail, mixed use or office properties may be partially comprised of a parking garage, or certain properties may be entirely comprised of a parking garage. Parking garages and parking lots present risks not associated with other properties. The primary source of income for parking lots and garages is the rental fees charged for parking spaces.

 

Factors affecting the success of a parking lot or garage include:

 

the number of rentable parking spaces and rates charged;

 

the location of the lot or garage and, in particular, its proximity to places where large numbers of people work, shop or live;

 

the amount of alternative parking spaces in the area;

 

the availability of mass transit; and

 

the perceptions of the safety, convenience and services of the lot or garage.

 

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In instances where a parking garage does not have a long-term leasing arrangement with a parking lessee, but rather relies on individual short-term (i.e., daily or weekly) parking tenants for parking revenues, variations in any or all of the foregoing factors can result in increased volatility in the net operating income for such parking garage.

 

Aspects of building site design and adaptability affect the value of a parking garage facility. Site characteristics that are valuable to a parking garage facility include location, clear ceiling heights, column spacing, zoning restrictions, number of spaces and overall functionality and accessibility.

 

In addition, because of the unique construction requirements of many parking garages and because a parking lot is often vacant paved land without any structure, a vacant parking garage facility or parking lot may not be easily converted to other uses.

 

Mortgaged properties may have other specialty use tenants, such as medical and dental offices, gas stations, data centers, urgent care facilities, daycare centers and/or restaurants, as part of the mortgaged property.

 

In the case of specialty use tenants such as restaurants and theaters, aspects of building site design and adaptability affect the value of such properties and other retailers at the mortgaged property. Decreasing patronage at such properties could adversely affect revenue of the property, which may, in turn, cause the tenants to experience financial difficulties, resulting in downgrades in their credit ratings, lease defaults and, in certain cases, bankruptcy filings. See “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Tenant Bankruptcy Could Result in a Rejection of the Related Lease” above. Additionally, receipts at such properties are also affected not only by objective factors but by subjective factors. For instance, restaurant receipts are affected by such varied influences as the current personal income levels in the community, an individual consumer’s preference for type of food, style of dining and restaurant atmosphere, the perceived popularity of the restaurant, food safety concerns related to personal health with the handling of food items at the restaurant or by food suppliers and the actions and/or behaviors of staff and management and level of service to the customers. In addition, because of unique construction requirements of such properties, any vacant space would not easily be converted to other uses.

 

Mortgaged properties with specialty use tenants may not be readily convertible (or convertible at all) to alternative uses if those properties were to become unprofitable, or the leased spaces were to become vacant, for any reason due to their unique construction requirements. In addition, converting commercial properties to alternate uses generally requires substantial capital expenditures and could result in a significant adverse effect on, or interruption of, the revenues generated by such properties.

 

In addition, a mortgaged property may not be readily convertible due to restrictive covenants related to such mortgaged property, including in the case of mortgaged properties that are subject to a condominium regime or subject to a ground lease, the use and other restrictions imposed by the condominium declaration and other related documents, especially in a situation where a mortgaged property does not represent the entire condominium regime. See “—Condominium Ownership May Limit Use and Improvements” above.

 

Some of the mortgaged properties may be part of tax-reduction programs that apply only if the mortgaged properties are used for certain purposes. Such properties may be restricted from being converted to alternative uses because of such restrictions.

 

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Some of the mortgaged properties have government tenants or other tenants which may have space that was “built to suit” that particular tenant’s uses and needs. For example, a government tenant may require enhanced security features that required additional construction or renovation costs and for which the related tenant may pay above market rent. However, such enhanced features may not be necessary for a new tenant (and such new tenant may not be willing to pay the higher rent associated with such features). While a government office building or government leased space may be usable as a regular office building or tenant space, the rents that may be collected in the event the government tenant does not renew its lease may be significantly lower than the rent currently collected.

 

Additionally, zoning, historical preservation or other restrictions also may prevent alternative uses. See “—Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions” below.

 

Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties may not comply with current zoning laws, including use, density, parking, height, landscaping, open space and set back requirements, due to changes in zoning requirements after such mortgaged properties were constructed. These properties, as well as those for which variances or special permits were issued or for which non-conformity with current zoning laws is otherwise permitted, are considered to be a “legal non-conforming use” and/or the improvements are considered to be “legal non-conforming structures”. This means that the borrower is not required to alter its structure to comply with the existing or new law; however, the borrower may not be able to rebuild the premises “as-is” in the event of a substantial casualty loss. This may adversely affect the cash flow of the property following the loss. If a substantial casualty were to occur, we cannot assure you that insurance proceeds would be available to pay the mortgage loan in full. In addition, if a non-conforming use were to be discontinued and/or the property were repaired or restored in conformity with the current law, the value of the property or the revenue-producing potential of the property may not be equal to that before the casualty.

 

In some cases, the related borrower has obtained law and ordinance insurance to cover additional costs that result from rebuilding the mortgaged property in accordance with current zoning requirements, including, within the policy’s limitations, demolition costs, increased costs of construction due to code compliance and loss of value to undamaged improvements resulting from the application of zoning laws. However, if as a result of the applicable zoning laws the rebuilt improvements are smaller or less attractive to tenants than the original improvements, you should not assume that the resulting loss in income will be covered by law and ordinance insurance. Zoning protection insurance, if obtained, will generally reimburse the lender for the difference between (i) the mortgage loan balance on the date of damage loss to the mortgaged property from an insured peril and (ii) the total insurance proceeds at the time of the damage to the mortgaged property if such mortgaged property cannot be rebuilt to its former use due to new zoning ordinances.

 

In addition, certain of the mortgaged properties that do not conform to current zoning laws may not be “legal non-conforming uses” or “legal non-conforming structures”, thus constituting a zoning violation. The failure of a mortgaged property to comply with zoning laws or to be a “legal non-conforming use” or “legal non-conforming structure” may adversely affect the market value of the mortgaged property or the borrower’s ability to continue to use it in the manner it is currently being used or may necessitate material additional expenditures to remedy non-conformities. See representation and warranty no. 26 on Annex D-1 to this prospectus and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 to this prospectus (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1 to this prospectus).

 

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The limited availability of zoning information and/or extent of zoning diligence may also present risks. Zoning information contained in appraisals may be based on limited investigation, and zoning comfort letters obtained from jurisdictions, while based on available records, do not customarily involve any contemporaneous site inspection. The extent of zoning diligence will also be determined based on perceived risk and the cost and benefit of obtaining additional information. Even if law and ordinance insurance is required to mitigate rebuilding-related risks, we cannot assure you that other risks related to material zoning violations will have been identified under such circumstances, and that appropriate borrower covenants or other structural mitigants will have been required as a result.

 

In addition, certain of the mortgaged properties may be subject to certain use restrictions and/or operational requirements imposed pursuant to development agreements, regulatory agreements, ground leases, restrictive covenants, environmental restrictions, reciprocal easement agreements or operating agreements or historical landmark designations or, in the case of those mortgaged properties that are condominiums, condominium declarations or other condominium use restrictions or regulations, especially in a situation where the mortgaged property does not represent the entire condominium building. Such use restrictions could include, for example, limitations on the character of the improvements or the properties, limitations affecting noise and parking requirements, among other things, and limitations on the borrowers’ right to operate certain types of facilities within a prescribed radius. These limitations impose upon the borrower stricter requirements with respect to repairs and alterations, including following a casualty loss. These limitations could adversely affect the ability of the related borrower to lease the mortgaged property on favorable terms, thus adversely affecting the borrower’s ability to fulfill its obligations under the related mortgage loan. In addition, any alteration, reconstruction, demolition, or new construction affecting a mortgaged property designated a historical landmark may require prior approval. Any such approval process, even if successful, could delay any redevelopment or alteration of a related property. The liquidation value of such property, to the extent subject to limitations of the kind described above or other limitations on convertibility of use, may be substantially less than would be the case if such property was readily adaptable to other uses or redevelopment. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Use Restrictions” for examples of mortgaged properties that are subject to restrictions relating to the use of the mortgaged properties.

 

Risks Relating to Inspections of Properties

 

Licensed engineers or consultants inspected the mortgaged properties at or about the time of the origination of the mortgage loans to assess items such as structural integrity of the buildings and other improvements on the mortgaged property, including exterior walls, roofing, interior construction, mechanical and electrical systems and general condition of the site, buildings and other improvements. However, we cannot assure you that all conditions requiring repair or replacement were identified. No additional property inspections were conducted in connection with the issuance of the offered certificates.

 

Risks Relating to Costs of Compliance with Applicable Laws and Regulations

 

A borrower may be required to incur costs to comply with various existing and future federal, state or local laws and regulations applicable to the related mortgaged property, for example, zoning laws and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended, which requires all public accommodations to meet certain federal requirements related to access and use by persons with disabilities. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Americans with Disabilities Act”. The expenditure of these costs or the imposition of injunctive relief, penalties or fines in connection with the borrower’s noncompliance could

 

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negatively impact the borrower’s cash flow and, consequently, its ability to pay its mortgage loan.

 

Insurance May Not Be Available or Adequate

 

Although the mortgaged properties are required to be insured, or self-insured by a sole tenant of a related building or group of buildings, against certain risks, there is a possibility of casualty loss with respect to the mortgaged properties for which insurance proceeds may not be adequate or which may result from risks not covered by insurance.

 

In addition, certain types of mortgaged properties, such as manufactured housing and recreational vehicle communities, have few or no insurable buildings or improvements and thus do not have casualty insurance or low limits of casualty insurance in comparison with the related mortgage loan balances.

 

In addition, hazard insurance policies will typically contain co-insurance clauses that in effect require an insured at all times to carry insurance of a specified percentage, generally 80% to 90%, of the full replacement value of the improvements on the related mortgaged property in order to recover the full amount of any partial loss. As a result, even if insurance coverage is maintained, if the insured’s coverage falls below this specified percentage, those clauses generally provide that the insurer’s liability in the event of partial loss does not exceed the lesser of (1) the replacement cost of the improvements less physical depreciation and (2) that proportion of the loss as the amount of insurance carried bears to the specified percentage of the full replacement cost of those improvements.

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties may be located in areas that are considered a high earthquake risk (seismic zones 3 or 4). See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Geographic Concentrations”.

 

Furthermore, with respect to certain mortgage loans, the insurable value of the related mortgaged property as of the origination date of the related mortgage loan was lower than the principal balance of the related mortgage loan. In the event of a casualty when a borrower is not required to rebuild or cannot rebuild, we cannot assure you that the insurance required with respect to the related mortgaged property will be sufficient to pay the related mortgage loan in full and there is no “gap” insurance required under such mortgage loan to cover any difference. In those circumstances, a casualty that occurs near the maturity date may result in an extension of the maturity date of the mortgage loan if the special servicer, in accordance with the servicing standard, determines that such extension was in the best interest of certificateholders.

 

The mortgage loans do not all require flood insurance on the related mortgaged properties unless they are in a flood zone and flood insurance is available and, in certain instances, even where the related mortgaged property was in a flood zone and flood insurance was available, flood insurance was not required.

 

The National Flood Insurance Program is scheduled to expire on November 30, 2018. We cannot assure you if or when the program will be reauthorized by Congress. If the program is not reauthorized, it could have an adverse effect on the value of properties in flood zones or their ability to be repaired after flood damage.

 

We cannot assure you that the borrowers will in the future be able to comply with requirements to maintain adequate insurance with respect to the mortgaged properties, and any uninsured loss could have a material adverse impact on the amount available to make payments on the related mortgage loan, and consequently, the offered certificates. As with

 

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all real estate, if reconstruction (for example, following fire or other casualty) or any major repair or improvement is required to the damaged property, changes in laws and governmental regulations may be applicable and may materially affect the cost to, or ability of, the borrowers to effect such reconstruction, major repair or improvement. As a result, the amount realized with respect to the mortgaged properties, and the amount available to make payments on the related mortgage loan, and consequently, the offered certificates, could be reduced. In addition, we cannot assure you that the amount of insurance required or provided would be sufficient to cover damages caused by any casualty, or that such insurance will be available in the future at commercially reasonable rates. See representation and warranty no. 18 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

Inadequacy of Title Insurers May Adversely Affect Distributions on Your Certificates

 

Title insurance for a mortgaged property generally insures a lender against risks relating to a lender not having a first lien with respect to a mortgaged property, and in some cases can insure a lender against specific other risks. The protection afforded by title insurance depends on the ability of the title insurer to pay claims made upon it. We cannot assure you that with respect to any mortgage loan:

 

a title insurer will have the ability to pay title insurance claims made upon it;

 

the title insurer will maintain its present financial strength; or

 

a title insurer will not contest claims made upon it.

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties are either completing initial construction or undergoing renovation or redevelopment. Under such circumstances, there may be limitations to the amount of coverage or other exceptions to coverage that could adversely affect the issuing entity if losses are suffered.

 

Terrorism Insurance May Not Be Available for All Mortgaged Properties

 

The occurrence or the possibility of terrorist attacks could (1) lead to damage to one or more of the mortgaged properties if any terrorist attacks occur or (2) result in higher costs for security and insurance premiums or diminish the availability of insurance coverage for losses related to terrorist attacks, particularly for large properties, which could adversely affect the cash flow at those mortgaged properties.

 

After the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York City and the Washington, D.C. area, all forms of insurance were impacted, particularly from a cost and availability perspective, including comprehensive general liability and business interruption or rent loss insurance policies required by typical mortgage loans. To give time for private markets to develop a pricing mechanism for terrorism risk and to build capacity to absorb future losses that may occur due to terrorism, the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 was enacted on November 26, 2002 (as amended, “TRIPRA”), establishing the Terrorism Insurance Program. The Terrorism Insurance Program was extended through December 31, 2014 by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 and was subsequently reauthorized on January 12, 2015 for a period of six years through December 31, 2020 pursuant to the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015.

 

The Terrorism Insurance Program requires insurance carriers to provide terrorism coverage in their basic “all-risk” policies. Any commercial property and casualty terrorism insurance exclusion that was in force on November 26, 2002 is automatically void to the

 

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extent that it excluded losses that would otherwise be insured losses. Any state approval of those types of exclusions in force on November 26, 2002 is also void.

 

Under the Terrorism Insurance Program, the federal government shares in the risk of losses occurring within the United States resulting from acts committed in an effort to influence or coerce United States civilians or the United States government. The federal share of compensation for insured losses of an insurer equals 82% in 2018 (subject to annual 1% decreases thereafter until such percentage equals 80%) of the portion of such insured losses that exceed a deductible equal to 20% of the value of the insurer’s direct earned premiums over the calendar year immediately preceding that program year. Federal compensation in any program year is capped at $100 billion (with insurers being liable for any amount that exceeds such cap), and no compensation is payable with respect to a terrorist act unless the aggregate industry losses relating to such act exceed $160 million in 2018 (subject to annual $20 million increases thereafter until such threshold equals $200 million). The Terrorism Insurance Program does not cover nuclear, biological, chemical or radiological attacks. Unless a borrower obtains separate coverage for events that do not meet the thresholds or other requirements above, such events will not be covered.

 

If the Terrorism Insurance Program is not reenacted after its expiration in 2020, premiums for terrorism insurance coverage will likely increase and the terms of such insurance policies may be materially amended to increase stated exclusions or to otherwise effectively decrease the scope of coverage available (perhaps to the point where it is effectively not available). In addition, to the extent that any insurance policies contain “sunset clauses” (i.e., clauses that void terrorism coverage if the federal insurance backstop program is not renewed), such policies may cease to provide terrorism insurance upon the expiration of the Terrorism Insurance Program. We cannot assure you that the Terrorism Insurance Program or any successor program will create any long term changes in the availability and cost of such insurance. Moreover, future legislation, including regulations expected to be adopted by the Treasury Department pursuant to TRIPRA, may have a material effect on the availability of federal assistance in the terrorism insurance market. To the extent that uninsured or underinsured casualty losses occur with respect to the related mortgaged properties, losses on the mortgage loans may result. In addition, the failure to maintain such terrorism insurance may constitute a default under the related mortgage loan.

 

Some of the mortgage loans do not require the related borrower to maintain terrorism insurance. In addition, most of the mortgage loans contain limitations on the related borrower’s obligation to obtain terrorism insurance, such as (i) waiving the requirement that such borrower maintain terrorism insurance if such insurance is not available at commercially reasonable rates, (ii) providing that the related borrower is not required to spend in excess of a specified dollar amount (or in some cases, a specified multiple of what is spent on other insurance) in order to obtain such terrorism insurance, (iii) requiring coverage only for as long as the TRIPRA is in effect, or (iv) requiring coverage only for losses arising from domestic acts of terrorism or from terrorist acts certified by the federal government as “acts of terrorism” under the TRIPRA. See Annex A-3 to this prospectus for a summary of the terrorism insurance requirements under each of the 15 largest mortgage loans. See representation and warranty no. 31 on Annex D-1 to this prospectus and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 to this prospectus (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1 to this prospectus).

 

We cannot assure you that all of the mortgaged properties will be insured against the risks of terrorism and similar acts. As a result of any of the foregoing, the amount available to make distributions on your certificates could be reduced.

 

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Other mortgaged properties securing mortgage loans may also be insured under a blanket policy or self-insured or insured by a sole tenant. See “—Risks Associated with Blanket Insurance Policies or Self-Insurance” below.

 

Risks Associated with Blanket Insurance Policies or Self-Insurance

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties are covered by blanket insurance policies, which also cover other properties of the related borrower or its affiliates (including certain properties in close proximity to the mortgaged properties). In the event that such policies are drawn on to cover losses on such other properties, the amount of insurance coverage available under such policies would thereby be reduced and could be insufficient to cover each mortgaged property’s insurable risks.

 

Additionally, the risks related to blanket insurance may be aggravated if the mortgage loans that allow such coverage are part of a group of mortgage loans with related borrowers, and some or all of the related mortgaged properties are covered under the same blanket insurance policy, which may also cover other properties owned by affiliates of such borrowers.

 

Certain mortgaged properties may also be insured or self-insured by a sole or significant tenant, as further described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Insurance Considerations”. We cannot assure you that any insurance obtained by a sole or significant tenant will be adequate or that such sole or significant tenant will comply with any requirements to maintain adequate insurance. Additionally, to the extent that insurance coverage relies on self-insurance, there is a risk that the “insurer” will not be willing or have the financial ability to satisfy a claim if a loss occurs. See representation and warranty nos. 18 and 31 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

Condemnation of a Mortgaged Property May Adversely Affect Distributions on Certificates

 

From time to time, there may be condemnations pending or threatened against one or more of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. The proceeds payable in connection with a total condemnation may not be sufficient to restore the related mortgaged property or to satisfy the remaining indebtedness of the related mortgage loan. The occurrence of a partial condemnation may have a material adverse effect on the continued use of, or income generated by, the affected mortgaged property. Therefore, we cannot assure you that the occurrence of any condemnation will not have a negative impact upon distributions on your offered certificates. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Litigation and Other Considerations” in this prospectus.

 

Limited Information Causes Uncertainty

 

Historical Information

 

Some of the mortgage loans that we intend to include in the issuing entity are secured in whole or in part by mortgaged properties for which limited or no historical operating information is available. As a result, you may find it difficult to analyze the historical performance of those mortgaged properties.

 

A mortgaged property may lack prior operating history or historical financial information because it is newly constructed or renovated, it is a recent acquisition by the related borrower or it is a single-tenant property that is subject to a triple-net lease. In addition, a tenant’s lease may contain confidentiality provisions that restrict the sponsors’ access to or

 

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disclosure of such tenant’s financial information. The underwritten net cash flows and underwritten net operating income for such mortgaged properties are derived principally from current rent rolls or tenant leases and historical expenses, adjusted to account for inflation, significant occupancy increases and a market rate management fee. In some cases, underwritten net cash flows and underwritten net operating income for mortgaged properties are based all or in part on leases (or letters of intent) that are not yet in place (and may still be under negotiation) or on tenants that may have signed a lease (or letter of intent), or lease amendment expanding the leased space, but are not yet in occupancy and/or paying rent), which present certain risks described in “—Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Flawed Assumptions” below and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions” and “—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Mortgaged Properties with Limited Prior Operating History” in this prospectus.

 

See Annex A-1 for certain historical financial information relating to the mortgaged properties, including net operating income for the most recent reporting period and prior three calendar years, to the extent available.

 

Ongoing Information

 

The primary source of ongoing information regarding the offered certificates, including information regarding the status of the related mortgage loans and any credit support for the offered certificates, will be the periodic reports delivered to you. See “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”. We cannot assure you that any additional ongoing information regarding the offered certificates will be available through any other source. The limited nature of the available information in respect of the offered certificates may adversely affect their liquidity, even if a secondary market for the offered certificates does develop.

 

We are not aware of any source through which pricing information regarding the offered certificates will be generally available on an ongoing basis or on any particular date.

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Flawed Assumptions

 

As described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions”, underwritten net cash flow generally includes cash flow (including any cash flow from master leases) adjusted based on a number of assumptions used by the sponsors. We make no representation that the underwritten net cash flow set forth in this prospectus as of the cut-off date or any other date represents actual future net cash flows. For example, with respect to certain mortgage loans included in the issuing entity, the occupancy of the related mortgaged property reflects tenants that (i) may not have yet actually executed leases (but have in some instances signed letters of intent), (ii) have signed leases but have not yet taken occupancy and/or are not paying full contractual rent, (iii) are seeking or may in the future seek to sublet all or a portion of their respective spaces, (iv) are “dark” tenants but paying rent, or (v) are affiliates of the related borrower and are leasing space pursuant to a master lease or a space lease. Similarly, with respect to certain mortgage loans included in the issuing entity, the underwritten net cash flow may be based on certain tenants that have not yet executed leases or that have signed leases but are not yet in place and/or are not yet paying rent, or have a signed lease or lease amendment expanding the leased space, but are not yet in occupancy of all or a portion of their space and/or paying rent, or may assume that future contractual rent steps (during some or all of the remaining term of a lease) have occurred. In many cases, co-tenancy provisions were assumed to be satisfied and vacant space was assumed to be occupied and space that was due to expire was assumed to have been re-let, in each case at market rates

 

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that may have exceeded current rent. You should review these and other similar assumptions and make your own determination of the appropriate assumptions to be used in determining underwritten net cash flow.

 

In addition, underwritten or adjusted cash flows, by their nature, are speculative and are based upon certain assumptions and projections. The failure of these assumptions or projections in whole or in part could cause the underwritten net operating income (calculated as described in “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions”) to vary substantially from the actual net operating income of a mortgaged property.

 

In the event of the inaccuracy of any assumptions or projections used in connection with the calculation of underwritten net cash flow, the actual net cash flow could be significantly different (and, in some cases, may be materially less) than the underwritten net cash flow presented in this prospectus, and this would change other numerical information presented in this prospectus based on or derived from the underwritten net cash flow, such as the debt service coverage ratios or debt yield presented in this prospectus. We cannot assure you that any such assumptions or projections made with respect to any mortgaged property will, in fact, be consistent with that mortgaged property’s actual performance.

 

Frequent and Early Occurrence of Borrower Delinquencies and Defaults May Adversely Affect Your Investment

 

If you calculate the anticipated yield of your offered certificates based on a rate of default or amount of losses lower than that actually experienced on the mortgage loans and those additional losses result in a reduction of the total distributions on, or the certificate balance of, your offered certificates, your actual yield to maturity will be lower than expected and could be negative under certain extreme scenarios. The timing of any loss on a liquidated mortgage loan that results in a reduction of the total distributions on or the certificate balance of your offered certificates will also affect the actual yield to maturity of your offered certificates, even if the rate of defaults and severity of losses are consistent with your expectations. In general, the earlier a loss is borne by you, the greater the effect on your yield to maturity.

 

Delinquencies on the mortgage loans, if the delinquent amounts are not advanced, may result in shortfalls in distributions of interest and/or principal to the holders of the offered certificates for the current month. Furthermore, no interest will accrue on this shortfall during the period of time that the payment is delinquent. Additionally, in instances where the principal portion of any balloon payment scheduled with respect to a mortgage loan is collected by the master servicer following the end of the related collection period, no portion of the principal received on such payment will be passed through for distribution to the certificateholders until the subsequent distribution date, which may result in shortfalls in distributions of interest to the holders of the offered certificates in the following month. Furthermore, in such instances no provision is made for the master servicer or any other party to cover any such interest shortfalls that may occur as a result. In addition, if interest and/or principal advances and/or servicing advances are made with respect to a mortgage loan after a default and the related mortgage loan is thereafter worked out under terms that do not provide for the repayment of those advances in full at the time of the workout, then any reimbursements of those advances prior to the actual collection of the amount for which the advance was made may also result in shortfalls in distributions of principal to the holders of the offered certificates with certificate balances for the current month. Even if losses on the mortgage loans are not allocated to a particular class of offered certificates with certificate balances, the losses may affect the weighted average life and yield to maturity of that class of offered certificates. In the case of any material monetary or

 

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material non-monetary default, the special servicer may accelerate the maturity of the related mortgage loan, which could result in an acceleration of principal distributions to the certificateholders. The special servicer may also extend or modify a mortgage loan, which could result in a substantial delay in principal distributions to the certificateholders. In addition, losses on the mortgage loans, even if not allocated to a class of offered certificates with certificate balances, may result in a higher percentage ownership interest evidenced by those offered certificates in the remaining mortgage loans than would otherwise have resulted absent the loss. The consequent effect on the weighted average life and yield to maturity of the offered certificates will depend upon the characteristics of those remaining mortgage loans in the trust fund.

 

The Mortgage Loans Have Not Been Reviewed or Re-Underwritten by Us; Some Mortgage Loans May Not Have Complied With Another Originator’s Underwriting Criteria

 

Although the sponsors have conducted a review of the mortgage loans to be sold to us for this securitization transaction, we, as the depositor for this securitization transaction, have neither originated the mortgage loans nor conducted a review or re-underwriting of the mortgage loans. Instead, we have relied on the representations and warranties made by the applicable sponsors and the remedies for breach of a representation and warranty as described under “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements” and the sponsor’s description of its underwriting criteria described under “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers—Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC—Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes”; “—Wells Fargo Bank, National Association—Wells Fargo Bank’s Commercial Mortgage Loan Underwriting”; “—Barclays Bank PLC—Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Processes”; “—Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC—Basis’s Underwriting Standards and Loan Analysis”; and “—BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards”. A description of the review conducted by each sponsor for this securitization transaction is set forth under each of the foregoing headings.

 

The representations and warranties made by the sponsors may not cover all of the matters that one would review in underwriting a mortgage loan and you should not view them as a substitute for re-underwriting the mortgage loans. Furthermore, these representations and warranties in some respects represent an allocation of risk rather than a confirmed description of the mortgage loans. If we had re-underwritten the mortgage loans, it is possible that the re-underwriting process may have revealed problems with a mortgage loan not covered by a representation or warranty or may have revealed inaccuracies in the representations and warranties. See “—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Sponsors May Not Make Required Repurchases or Substitutions of Defective Mortgage Loans or Pay Any Loss of Value Payment Sufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan” below, and “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

In addition, we cannot assure you that all of the mortgage loans would have complied with the underwriting criteria of the other originators or, accordingly, that each originator would have made the same decision to originate every mortgage loan included in the issuing entity or, if they did decide to originate an unrelated mortgage loan, that they would have been underwritten on the same terms and conditions.

 

As a result of the foregoing, you are advised and encouraged to make your own investment decision based on a careful review of the information set forth in this prospectus and your own view of the mortgage pool.

 

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Static Pool Data Would Not Be Indicative of the Performance of this Pool

 

As a result of the distinct nature of each pool of commercial mortgage loans, and the separate mortgage loans within the pool, this prospectus does not include disclosure concerning the delinquency and loss experience of static pools of periodic originations by any sponsor of assets of the type to be securitized (known as “static pool data”). In particular, static pool data showing a low level of delinquencies and defaults would not be indicative of the performance of this pool or any other pools of mortgage loans originated by the same sponsor or sponsors.

 

While there may be certain common factors affecting the performance and value of income-producing real properties in general, those factors do not apply equally to all income-producing real properties and, in many cases, there are unique factors that will affect the performance and/or value of a particular income-producing real property. Moreover, the effect of a given factor on a particular real property will depend on a number of variables, including but not limited to property type, geographic location, competition, sponsorship and other characteristics of the property and the related commercial mortgage loan. Each income-producing real property represents a separate and distinct business venture and, as a result, each of the mortgage loans requires a unique underwriting analysis. Furthermore, economic and other conditions affecting real properties, whether worldwide, national, regional or local, vary over time. The performance of a pool of mortgage loans originated and outstanding under a given set of economic conditions may vary significantly from the performance of an otherwise comparable mortgage pool originated and outstanding under a different set of economic conditions.

 

Therefore, you should evaluate this offering on the basis of the information set forth in this prospectus with respect to the mortgage loans, and not on the basis of the performance of other pools of securitized commercial mortgage loans.

 

Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property

 

Appraisals were obtained with respect to each of the mortgaged properties at or about the time of origination of the related mortgage loan (or whole loan, if applicable) or at or around the time of the acquisition of the mortgage loan (or whole loan, if applicable) by the related sponsor. See Annex A-1 for the dates of the latest appraisals for the mortgaged properties. We have not obtained new appraisals of the mortgaged properties or assigned new valuations to the mortgage loans in connection with the offering of the offered certificates. The market values of the mortgaged properties could have declined since the origination of the related mortgage loans.

 

In general, appraisals represent the analysis and opinion of qualified appraisers and are not guarantees of present or future value. One appraiser may reach a different conclusion than that of a different appraiser with respect to the same property. The appraisals seek to establish the amount a typically motivated buyer would pay a typically motivated seller and, in certain cases, may have taken into consideration the purchase price paid by the borrower. The amount could be significantly higher than the amount obtained from the sale of a mortgaged property in a distress or liquidation sale.

 

Information regarding the appraised values of the mortgaged properties (including loan-to-value ratios) presented in this prospectus is not intended to be a representation as to the past, present or future market values of the mortgaged properties. For example, in some cases, a borrower or its affiliate may have acquired the related mortgaged property for a price or otherwise for consideration in an amount that is less than the related appraised value specified on Annex A-1, including at a foreclosure sale or through acceptance of a

 

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deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. Historical operating results of the mortgaged properties used in these appraisals, as adjusted by various assumptions, estimates and subjective judgments on the part of the appraiser, may not be comparable to future operating results. In addition, certain appraisals may be based on extraordinary assumptions, including without limitation, that certain tenants are in-place and paying rent when such tenants have not yet taken occupancy or that certain renovations or property improvement plans have been completed. Additionally, certain appraisals with respect to mortgage loans secured by multiple mortgaged properties may have been conducted on a portfolio basis rather than on an individual property basis, and the sum of the values of the individual properties may be different from (and in some cases may be less than) the appraised value of the aggregate of such properties on a portfolio basis. In addition, other factors may impair the mortgaged properties’ value without affecting their current net operating income, including:

 

changes in governmental regulations, zoning or tax laws;

 

potential environmental or other legal liabilities;

 

the availability of refinancing; and

 

changes in interest rate levels.

 

In certain cases, appraisals may reflect “as-is” values or values other than “as-is”. However, the appraised value reflected in this prospectus with respect to each mortgaged property, except as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions”, reflects only the “as-is” value (or, in certain cases, may reflect certain values other than “as-is” values as a result of the satisfaction of the related conditions or assumptions or the establishment of reserves estimated to complete the renovations) unless otherwise specified. Any such values other than “as-is” may contain certain assumptions, such as future construction completion, projected re-tenanting or increased tenant occupancies. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Appraised Value”.

 

Additionally, with respect to the appraisals setting forth assumptions, particularly those setting forth extraordinary assumptions, as to the “as-is” values and values other than “as-is” value, we cannot assure you that those assumptions are or will be accurate or that any such values will be the value of the related mortgaged property at maturity or the anticipated repayment date (if any) or at the indicated stabilization date or upon completion of the renovations, as applicable. Any engineering report, site inspection or appraisal represents only the analysis of the individual consultant, engineer or inspector preparing such report at the time of such report, and may not reveal all necessary or desirable repairs, maintenance and capital improvement items. See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers—Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC—Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes”, “—Wells Fargo Bank, National Association—Wells Fargo Bank’s Commercial Mortgage Loan Underwriting”, “—Barclays Bank PLC—Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Processes”, “—Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC—Basis’s Underwriting Standards and Loan Analysis” and “—BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards” for additional information regarding the appraisals. We cannot assure you that the information set forth in this prospectus regarding the appraised values or loan-to-value ratios accurately reflects past, present or future market values of the mortgaged properties or the amount that would be realized upon a sale of the related mortgaged property.

 

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The Performance of a Mortgage Loan and Its Related Mortgaged Property Depends in Part on Who Controls the Borrower and Mortgaged Property

 

The operation and performance of a mortgage loan will depend in part on the identity of the persons or entities who control the borrower and the mortgaged property. The performance of a mortgage loan may be adversely affected if control of a borrower changes, which may occur, for example, by means of transfers of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower, or if the mortgage loan is assigned to and assumed by another person or entity along with a transfer of the property to that person or entity.

 

Many of the mortgage loans generally place certain restrictions on the transfer and/or pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower, such as specific percentage or control limitations, although some have current or permit future mezzanine or subordinate debt. We cannot assure you the ownership of any of the borrowers would not change during the term of the related mortgage loan and result in a material adverse effect on your certificates. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness” and “—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—’Due-On-Sale’ and ‘Due-On-Encumbrance’ Provisions”.

 

The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risks

 

The borrowers are legal entities rather than individuals. Mortgage loans made to legal entities may entail greater risks of loss than those associated with mortgage loans made to individuals. For example, a legal entity, as opposed to an individual, may be more inclined to seek legal protection from its creditors under the bankruptcy laws. Unlike individuals involved in bankruptcies, most entities generally, but not in all cases, do not have personal assets and creditworthiness at stake.

 

The terms of certain of the mortgage loans require that the borrowers be single-purpose entities and, in most cases, such borrowers’ organizational documents or the terms of the mortgage loans limit their activities to the ownership of only the related mortgaged property or mortgaged properties and limit the borrowers’ ability to incur additional indebtedness. Such provisions are designed to mitigate the possibility that the borrower’s financial condition would be adversely impacted by factors unrelated to the related mortgaged property and mortgage loan. Such borrower may also have previously owned property other than the related mortgaged property or may be a so-called “recycled” single-purpose entity that previously had other business activities and liabilities. However, we cannot assure you that such borrowers have in the past complied, or in the future will comply, with such requirements. Additionally, in some cases unsecured debt exists and/or is allowed in the future. Furthermore, in many cases such borrowers are not required to observe all covenants and conditions which typically are required in order for such borrowers to be viewed under standard rating agency criteria as “single-purpose entities”.

 

Although a borrower may currently be a single-purpose entity, in certain cases the borrowers were not originally formed as single-purpose entities, but at origination of the related mortgage loan their organizational documents were amended. Such borrower may have previously owned property other than the related mortgaged property and may not have observed all covenants that typically are required to consider a borrower a “single-purpose entity” and thus may have liabilities arising from events prior to becoming a single-purpose entity.

 

The organizational documents of a borrower or the direct or indirect managing partner or member of a borrower may also contain requirements that there be one or two independent directors, managers or trustees (depending on the entity form of such

 

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borrower) whose vote is required before the borrower files a voluntary bankruptcy or insolvency petition or otherwise institutes insolvency proceedings. Generally, but not always, the independent directors, managers or trustees may only be replaced with certain other independent successors. Although the requirement of having independent directors, managers or trustees is designed to mitigate the risk of a voluntary bankruptcy filing by a solvent borrower, a borrower could file for bankruptcy without obtaining the consent of its independent director(s) (and we cannot assure you that such bankruptcy would be dismissed as an unauthorized filing), and in any case the independent directors, managers or trustees may determine that a bankruptcy filing is an appropriate course of action to be taken by such borrower. Although the independent directors, managers or trustees generally owe no fiduciary duties to entities other than the borrower itself, such determination might take into account the interests and financial condition of such borrower’s parent entities and such parent entities’ other subsidiaries in addition to those of the borrower. Consequently, the financial distress of an affiliate of a borrower might increase the likelihood of a bankruptcy filing by a borrower.

 

The bankruptcy of a borrower, or a general partner or managing member of a borrower, may impair the ability of the lender to enforce its rights and remedies under the related mortgage loan. Certain of the mortgage loans have been made to single-purpose limited partnerships that have a general partner or general partners that are not themselves single-purpose entities. Such loans are subject to additional bankruptcy risk. The organizational documents of the general partner in such cases do not limit it to acting as the general partner of the partnership. Accordingly there is a greater risk that the general partner may become insolvent for reasons unrelated to the mortgaged property. The bankruptcy of a general partner may dissolve the partnership under applicable state law. In addition, even if the partnership itself is not insolvent, actions by the partnership and/or a bankrupt general partner that are outside the ordinary course of their business, such as refinancing the related mortgage loan, may require prior approval of the bankruptcy court in the general partner’s bankruptcy case. The proceedings required to resolve these issues may be costly and time-consuming.

 

Any borrower, even an entity structured as a single-purpose entity, as an owner of real estate, will be subject to certain potential liabilities and risks as an owner of real estate. We cannot assure you that any borrower will not file for bankruptcy protection or that creditors of a borrower or a corporate or individual general partner or managing member of a borrower will not initiate a bankruptcy or similar proceeding against such borrower or corporate or individual general partner or managing member.

 

Certain borrowers’ organizational documents or the terms of certain mortgage loans permit an affiliated property manager to maintain a custodial account on behalf of such borrower and certain affiliates of such borrower into which funds available to such borrower under the terms of the related mortgage loans and funds of such affiliates are held, but which funds are and will continue to be separately accounted for as to each item of income and expense for each related mortgaged property and each related borrower. A custodial account structure for affiliated entities, while common among certain REITs, institutions or independent owners of multiple properties, presents a risk for consolidation of the assets of such affiliates as commingling of funds is a factor a court may consider in considering a request by other creditors for substantive consolidation. Substantive consolidation is an equitable remedy that could result in an otherwise solvent company becoming subject to the bankruptcy proceedings of an insolvent affiliate, making its assets available to repay the debts of affiliated companies. A court has the discretion to order substantive consolidation in whole or in part and may include non-debtor affiliates of the bankrupt entity in the proceedings. In particular, consolidation may be ordered when corporate funds are

 

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commingled and used for a principal’s personal purposes, inadequate records of transfers are made and corporate entities are deemed an alter ego of a principal. Strict adherence to maintaining separate books and records, avoiding commingling of assets and otherwise maintaining corporate policies designed to preserve the separateness of corporate assets and liabilities make it less likely that a court would order substantive consolidation, but we cannot assure you that the related borrowers, property managers or affiliates will comply with these requirements as set forth in the related mortgage loans.

 

Furthermore, with respect to any affiliated borrowers, creditors of a common parent in bankruptcy may seek to consolidate the assets of such borrowers with those of the parent. Consolidation of the assets of such borrowers would likely have an adverse effect on the funds available to make distributions on your certificates, and may lead to a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the ratings of your certificates.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Single-Purpose Entity Covenants” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws”. See also representation and warranty no. 33 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

In addition, borrowers may own a mortgaged property as tenants-in-common. In the case of a mortgaged property that is owned by tenants-in-common, there is a risk that obtaining the consent of the tenants-in-common will be time consuming and cause delays with respect to the taking of certain actions by or on behalf of the borrower, including with respect to the related mortgaged property. See “—Tenancies-in-Common May Hinder Recovery” below. See also “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Tenancies-in-Common or Diversified Ownership” in this prospectus.

 

In addition, certain of the mortgage loans may have borrowers that are wholly or partially (directly or indirectly) owned by one or more crowd funding investor groups or other diversified ownership structures. Investments in the commercial real estate market through crowd funding investor groups are a relatively recent development and there may be certain unanticipated risks to this new ownership structure which may adversely affect the related mortgage loan. Typically, the crowd funding investor group is made up of a large number of individual investors who invest relatively small amounts in the group pursuant to a securities offering. With respect to an equity investment in the borrower, the crowd funding investor group in turn purchases a stake in the borrower. Accordingly, equity in the borrower is indirectly held by the individual investors in the crowd funding group. We cannot assure you that either the crowd funding investor group or the individual investors in the crowd funding investor group or other diversified ownership structure have relevant expertise in the commercial real estate market. Additionally, crowd funding investor groups are required to comply with various securities regulations related to offerings of securities and we cannot assure you that any enforcement action or legal proceeding regarding failure to comply with such securities regulations would not delay enforcement of the related mortgage loan or otherwise impair the borrower’s ability to operate the related mortgaged property. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that a bankruptcy proceeding by the crowd funding investor group or other diversified ownership structure will not delay enforcement of the related mortgage loan. See “—Litigation Regarding the Mortgaged Properties or Borrowers May Impair Your Distributions”, “—Frequent and Early Occurrence of Borrower Delinquencies and Defaults May Adversely Affect Your Investment” and “—The Performance of a Mortgage Loan and Its Related Mortgaged Property Depends in Part on Who Controls the Borrower and Mortgaged Property” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Tenancies-in-Common or Diversified Ownership” in this prospectus.

 

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A Bankruptcy Proceeding May Result in Losses and Delays in Realizing on the Mortgage Loans

 

Numerous statutory provisions, including the federal bankruptcy code and state laws affording relief to debtors, may interfere with and delay the ability of a secured mortgage lender to obtain payment of a loan, to realize upon collateral and/or to enforce a deficiency judgment. For example, under the federal bankruptcy code, virtually all actions (including foreclosure actions and deficiency judgment proceedings) are automatically stayed upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition, and, often, no interest or principal payments are made during the course of the bankruptcy proceeding. Also, under federal bankruptcy law, the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by or on behalf of a junior lien holder may stay the senior lender from taking action to foreclose out such junior lien. Certain of the mortgage loans have sponsors that have previously filed bankruptcy and we cannot assure you that such sponsors will not be more likely than other sponsors to utilize their rights in bankruptcy in the event of any threatened action by the mortgagee to enforce its rights under the related mortgage loan documents. As a result, the issuing entity’s recovery with respect to borrowers in bankruptcy proceedings may be significantly delayed, and the aggregate amount ultimately collected may be substantially less than the amount owed. See “—Other Financings or Ability To Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk” below, “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

Additionally, the courts of any state may refuse the foreclosure of a mortgage or deed of trust when an acceleration of the indebtedness would be inequitable or unjust or the circumstances would render the action unconscionable. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure”.

 

See also “—Performance of the Mortgage Loan Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Tenant Bankruptcy Could Result in a Rejection of the Related Lease” above.

 

Litigation Regarding the Mortgaged Properties or Borrowers May Impair Your Distributions

 

There may be (and there may exist from time to time) pending or threatened legal proceedings against, or disputes with, the borrowers, the borrower sponsors, the managers of the mortgaged properties and their respective affiliates arising out of their ordinary business. We have not undertaken a search for all legal proceedings that relate to the borrowers, borrower sponsors, managers for the mortgaged properties or their respective affiliates. Potential investors are advised and encouraged to perform their own searches related to such matters to the extent relevant to their investment decision. Any such litigation or dispute may materially impair distributions to certificateholders if borrowers must use property income to pay judgments, legal fees or litigation costs. We cannot assure you that any litigation or dispute or any settlement of any litigation or dispute will not have a material adverse effect on your investment. See representation and warranty no. 15 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

Additionally, a borrower or a principal of a borrower or affiliate may have been a party to a bankruptcy, foreclosure, litigation or other proceeding, particularly against a lender, or may have been convicted of a crime in the past. In addition, certain of the borrower sponsors, property managers, affiliates of any of the foregoing and/or entities controlled thereby have been a party to bankruptcy proceedings, mortgage loan defaults and restructures, discounted payoffs, foreclosure proceedings or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure

 

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transactions, or other material proceedings (including criminal proceedings) in the past, whether or not related to the mortgaged property securing a mortgage loan in this securitization transaction. In some cases, mortgaged properties securing certain of the mortgage loans previously secured other loans that had been in default, restructured or the subject of a discounted payoff, foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure.

 

Certain of the borrower sponsors may have a history of litigation or other proceedings against their lender, in some cases involving various parties to a securitization transaction. We cannot assure you that the borrower sponsors that have engaged in litigation or other proceedings in the past will not commence action against the issuing entity in the future upon any attempt by the special servicer to enforce the mortgage loan documents. Any such actions by the borrower or borrower sponsor may result in significant expense and potential loss to the issuing entity and a shortfall in funds available to make payments on the offered certificates. In addition, certain principals or borrower sponsors may have in the past been convicted of, or pled guilty to, a felony. We cannot assure you that such borrower or principal will not be more likely than other borrowers or principals to avail itself or cause a borrower to avail itself of its legal rights, under the federal bankruptcy code or otherwise, in the event of an action or threatened action by the lender or its servicer to enforce the related mortgage loan documents, or otherwise conduct its operations in a manner that is in the best interests of the lender and/or the mortgaged property. We cannot assure you that any such proceedings or actions will not have a material adverse effect upon distributions on your certificates. Further, borrowers, principals of borrowers, property managers and affiliates of such parties may, in the future, be involved in bankruptcy proceedings, foreclosure proceedings or other material proceedings (including criminal proceedings), whether or not related to the mortgage loans. We cannot assure you that any such proceedings will not negatively impact a borrower’s or borrower sponsor’s ability to meet its obligations under the related mortgage loan and, as a result could have a material adverse effect upon your certificates.

 

Often it is difficult to confirm the identity of owners of all of the equity in a borrower, which means that past issues may not be discovered as to such owners. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Litigation and Other Considerations” and “—Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” for additional information on certain mortgage loans in the issuing entity. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that there are no undisclosed bankruptcy proceedings, foreclosure proceedings, deed-in-lieu-of-foreclosure transaction and/or mortgage loan workout matters that involved one or more mortgage loans or mortgaged properties, and/or a guarantor, borrower sponsor or other party to a mortgage loan.

 

In addition, in the event the owner of a borrower experiences financial problems, we cannot assure you that such owner would not attempt to take actions with respect to the mortgaged property that may adversely affect the borrower’s ability to fulfill its obligations under the related mortgage loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Litigation and Other Considerations” for information regarding litigation matters with respect to certain mortgage loans.

 

Other Financings or Ability to Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk

 

When a borrower (or its constituent members) also has one or more other outstanding loans (even if they are pari passu, subordinated, mezzanine, preferred equity or unsecured loans or another type of equity pledge), the issuing entity is subjected to additional risk such as:

 

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the borrower (or its constituent members) may have difficulty servicing and repaying multiple financings;

 

the existence of other financings will generally also make it more difficult for the borrower to obtain refinancing of the related mortgage loan (or whole loan, if applicable) or sell the related mortgaged property and may thereby jeopardize repayment of the mortgage loan (or whole loan, if applicable);

 

the need to service additional financings may reduce the cash flow available to the borrower to operate and maintain the mortgaged property and the value of the mortgaged property may decline as a result;

 

if a borrower (or its constituent members) defaults on its mortgage loan and/or any other financing, actions taken by other lenders such as a suit for collection, foreclosure or an involuntary petition for bankruptcy against the borrower could impair the security available to the issuing entity, including the mortgaged property, or stay the issuing entity’s ability to foreclose during the course of the bankruptcy case;

 

the bankruptcy of another lender also may operate to stay foreclosure by the issuing entity; and

 

the issuing entity may also be subject to the costs and administrative burdens of involvement in foreclosure or bankruptcy proceedings or related litigation.

 

Although no companion loan related to a whole loan will be an asset of the issuing entity, the related borrower is still obligated to make interest and principal payments on such companion loan. As a result, the issuing entity is subject to additional risks, including:

 

the risk that the necessary maintenance of the related mortgaged property could be deferred to allow the borrower to pay the required debt service on these other obligations and that the value of the mortgaged property may fall as a result; and

 

the risk that it may be more difficult for the borrower to refinance these loans or to sell the related mortgaged property for purposes of making any balloon payment on the entire balance of such loans and the related additional debt at maturity or on the related anticipated repayment date.

 

With respect to mezzanine financing (if any), while a mezzanine lender has no security interest in the related mortgaged properties, a default under a mezzanine loan could cause a change in control of the related borrower. With respect to mortgage loans that permit mezzanine financing, the relative rights of the mortgagee and the related mezzanine lender will generally be set forth in an intercreditor agreement, which agreements typically provide that the rights of the mezzanine lender (including the right to payment) against the borrower and mortgaged property are subordinate to the rights of the mortgage lender and that the mezzanine lender may not take any enforcement action against the mortgage borrower and mortgaged property. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness—Mezzanine Indebtedness” and representation and warranty number 9 on Annex D-1 and the matters scheduled on Annex D-2-1.

 

In addition, the mortgage loan documents related to certain mortgage loans may have or permit future “preferred equity” structures, where one or more special limited partners or members receive a preferred return in exchange for an infusion of capital or other type of equity pledge that may require payments of a specified return or of excess cash flow. Such arrangements can present risks that resemble mezzanine debt, including dilution of the

 

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borrower’s equity in the mortgaged property, stress on the cash flow in the form of a preferred return or excess cash payments, and/or potential changes in the management of the related mortgaged property in the event the preferred return is not satisfied.

 

Additionally, the terms of certain mortgage loans permit or require the borrowers to post letters of credit and/or surety bonds for the benefit of the related mortgage loan, which may constitute a contingent reimbursement obligation of the related borrower or an affiliate. The issuing bank or surety will not typically agree to subordination and standstill protection benefiting the mortgagee.

 

In addition, borrowers under most of the mortgage loans are generally permitted to incur trade payables and equipment financing, which may not be limited or may be significant, in order to operate the related mortgaged properties. Also, with respect to certain mortgage loans the related borrower either has incurred or is permitted to incur unsecured debt from an affiliate of either the borrower or the sponsor of the borrower. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness—Other Unsecured Indebtedness”.

 

For additional information, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Indebtedness” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

Tenancies-in-Common May Hinder Recovery

 

Certain of the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity have borrowers that own the related mortgaged properties as tenants-in-common. In general, with respect to a tenant-in-common ownership structure, each tenant-in-common owns an undivided share in the property and if such tenant-in-common desires to sell its interest in the property (and is unable to find a buyer or otherwise needs to force a partition) the tenant-in-common has the ability to request that a court order a sale of the property and distribute the proceeds to each tenant in common proportionally. As a result, if a tenant-in-common that has not waived its right of partition or similar right exercises a right of partition, the related mortgage loan may be subject to prepayment. The bankruptcy, dissolution or action for partition by one or more of the tenants-in-common could result in an early repayment of the related mortgage loan, significant delay in recovery against the tenant-in-common borrowers, particularly if the tenant-in-common borrowers file for bankruptcy separately or in series (because each time a tenant-in-common borrower files for bankruptcy, the bankruptcy court stay will be reinstated), a material impairment in property management and a substantial decrease in the amount recoverable upon the related mortgage loan. Not all tenants-in-common under the mortgage loans will be single-purpose entities. Each tenant-in-common borrower has waived its right to partition, reducing the risk of partition. However, we cannot assure you that, if challenged, this waiver would be enforceable. In addition, in some cases, the related mortgage loan documents may provide for full recourse (or in an amount equal to its pro rata share of the debt) to the related tenant-in-common borrower or the guarantor if a tenant-in-common files for partition. See Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Tenancies-in-Common or Diversified Ownership” in this prospectus.

 

Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions

 

Provisions requiring yield maintenance charges, prepayment premiums or lockout periods may not be enforceable in some states and under federal bankruptcy law. Provisions requiring prepayment premiums or yield maintenance charges also may be

 

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interpreted as constituting the collection of interest for usury purposes. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the obligation to pay a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium will be enforceable. Also, we cannot assure you that foreclosure proceeds will be sufficient to pay an enforceable yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium.

 

Additionally, although the collateral substitution provisions related to defeasance do not have the same effect on the certificateholders as prepayment, we cannot assure you that a court would not interpret those provisions as the equivalent of a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium. In certain jurisdictions those collateral substitution provisions might therefore be deemed unenforceable or usurious under applicable law or public policy.

 

Risks Associated with One Action Rules

 

Several states (such as California) have laws that prohibit more than one “judicial action” to enforce a mortgage obligation, and some courts have construed the term “judicial action” broadly. Accordingly, the special servicer will be required to obtain advice of counsel prior to enforcing any of the issuing entity’s rights under any of the mortgage loans that include mortgaged properties where a “one action” rule could be applicable. In the case of a multi-property mortgage loan which is secured by mortgaged properties located in multiple states, the special servicer may be required to foreclose first on properties located in states where “one action” rules apply (and where non-judicial foreclosure is permitted) before foreclosing on properties located in states where judicial foreclosure is the only permitted method of foreclosure. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure”.

 

State Law Limitations on Assignments of Leases and Rents May Entail Risks

 

Generally mortgage loans included in an issuing entity secured by mortgaged properties that are subject to leases typically will be secured by an assignment of leases and rents pursuant to which the related borrower (or with respect to any indemnity deed of trust structure, the related property owner) assigns to the lender its right, title and interest as landlord under the leases of the related mortgaged properties, and the income derived from those leases, as further security for the related mortgage loan, while retaining a license to collect rents for so long as there is no default. If the borrower defaults, the license terminates and the lender is entitled to collect rents. Some state laws may require that the lender take possession of the related property and obtain a judicial appointment of a receiver before becoming entitled to collect the rents. In addition, if bankruptcy or similar proceedings are commenced by or in respect of the borrower, the lender’s ability to collect the rents may be adversely affected. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Leases and Rents” and “—Foreclosure—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

Various Other Laws Could Affect the Exercise of Lender’s Rights

 

The laws of the jurisdictions in which the mortgaged properties are located (which laws may vary substantially) govern many of the legal aspects of the mortgage loans. These laws may affect the ability to foreclose on, and, in turn the ability to realize value from, the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. For example, state law determines:

 

what proceedings are required for foreclosure;

 

whether the borrower and any foreclosed junior lienors may redeem the property and the conditions under which these rights of redemption may be exercised;

 

whether and to what extent recourse to the borrower is permitted; and

 

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what rights junior mortgagees have and whether the amount of fees and interest that lenders may charge is limited.

 

In addition, the laws of some jurisdictions may render certain provisions of the mortgage loans unenforceable or subject to limitations which may affect lender’s rights under the mortgage loans. Delays in liquidations of defaulted mortgage loans and shortfalls in amounts realized upon liquidation as a result of the application of these laws may create delays and shortfalls in payments to certificateholders. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans”.

 

In a recent decision, Game Place, L.L.C. v. Fredericksburg 35, LLC, 813 S.E.2d 312 (Va. 2018), the Supreme Court of Virginia held a commercial lease unenforceable on the grounds that the lease was not validly conveyed as a deed under state law because the deed did not comply with the state’s requirement that all valid deeds include a seal or scroll or an approved acceptable substitute for a seal. Parties to an unsealed lease otherwise subject to the related state law have an implied tenancy from the manner in which rent is received, such that monthly rent payments would imply a month-to-month tenancy. Seven (7) of the Mortgaged Properties, collectively representing approximately 5.1% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, are located in the state of Virginia. We cannot assure you that leases at such mortgaged properties are in compliance with Virginia law as interpreted by this decision, nor can we assure you that any such lease will qualify as a valid lease enforceable against the related tenant.

 

Risks of Anticipated Repayment Date Loans

 

Certain of the mortgage loans provide that, if after a certain date (referred to as the anticipated repayment date) the related borrower has not prepaid the mortgage loan in full, any principal outstanding after that anticipated repayment date will accrue interest at an increased interest rate rather than the stated mortgage loan rate. Generally, from and after the anticipated repayment date, cash flow in excess of that required for debt service, the funding of reserves and certain approved operating expenses with respect to the related mortgaged property will be applied toward the payment of principal (without payment of a yield maintenance charge) of the related mortgage loan until its principal balance has been reduced to zero. Although these provisions may create an incentive for the borrower to repay the mortgage loan in full on its anticipated repayment date, a substantial payment would be required and the borrower has no obligation to do so. While interest at the initial mortgage rate continues to accrue and be payable on a current basis on the mortgage loan after its anticipated repayment date, the payment of excess interest will be deferred and will be required to be paid only after the outstanding principal balance of the related mortgage loan has been paid in full, at which time the excess interest that has been deferred, to the extent actually collected, will be paid to the holders of the Class V certificates, which is not offered by this prospectus. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—ARD Loans”.

 

The Absence of Lockboxes Entails Risks That Could Adversely Affect Distributions on Your Certificates

 

Certain of the mortgage loans may not require the related borrower to cause rent and other payments to be made into a lockbox account maintained on behalf of the mortgagee, although some of those mortgage loans do provide for a springing lockbox. If rental payments are not required to be made directly into a lockbox account, there is a risk that the borrower will divert such funds for other purposes.

 

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Borrower May Be Unable to Repay Remaining Principal Balance on Maturity Date or Anticipated Repayment Date; Longer Amortization Schedules and Interest-Only Provisions Increase Risk

 

Mortgage loans with substantial remaining principal balances at their stated maturity date or anticipated repayment date, as applicable, involve greater risk than fully-amortizing mortgage loans because the borrower may be unable to repay the mortgage loan at that time. In addition, fully amortizing mortgage loans which may pay interest on an “actual/360” basis but have fixed monthly payments may, in effect, have a small balloon payment due at maturity or on the related anticipated repayment date.

 

Most of the mortgage loans have amortization schedules that are significantly longer than their respective terms to maturity or anticipated repayment date, as applicable, and many of the mortgage loans require only payments of interest for part or all of their respective terms. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Due Dates; Mortgage Rates; Calculations of Interest”. A longer amortization schedule or an interest-only provision in a mortgage loan will result in a higher amount of principal outstanding under the mortgage loan at any particular time, including at the maturity date or anticipated repayment date of the mortgage loan, than would have otherwise been the case had a shorter amortization schedule been used or had the mortgage loan had a shorter interest-only period or not included an interest-only provision at all. That higher principal amount outstanding could both (i) make it more difficult for the related borrower to make the required balloon payment at maturity or to repay the outstanding principal amount at the anticipated repayment date and (ii) lead to increased losses for the issuing entity either during the loan term or at maturity or at the anticipated repayment date if the mortgage loan becomes a defaulted mortgage loan.

 

A borrower’s ability to repay a mortgage loan on its stated maturity date or anticipated repayment date, as applicable, typically will depend upon its ability either to refinance the mortgage loan or to sell the mortgaged property at a price sufficient to permit repayment. A borrower’s ability to achieve either of these goals will be affected by a number of factors, including:

 

the availability of, and competition for, credit for commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community real estate projects, which fluctuate over time;

 

the prevailing interest rates;

 

the net operating income generated by the mortgaged property;

 

the fair market value of the related mortgaged property;

 

the borrower’s equity in the related mortgaged property;

 

significant tenant rollover at the related mortgaged properties (see “—Retail Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Office Properties Have Special Risks” above);

 

the borrower’s financial condition;

 

the operating history and occupancy level of the mortgaged property;

 

reductions in applicable government assistance/rent subsidy programs;

 

the tax laws; and

 

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prevailing general and regional economic conditions.

 

With respect to any mortgage loan that is part of a whole loan, the risks relating to balloon payment obligations are enhanced by the existence and amount of any related companion loan.

 

None of the sponsors, any party to the pooling and servicing agreement or any other person will be under any obligation to refinance any mortgage loan. However, in order to maximize recoveries on defaulted mortgage loans, the pooling and servicing agreement permits the special servicer (and the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced whole loan may permit the related special servicer) to extend and modify mortgage loans in a manner consistent with the servicing standard, subject to the limitations described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans” and “—Modifications, Waivers and Amendments”.

 

Neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will have the ability to extend or modify a non-serviced mortgage loan because such mortgage loan is being serviced by the master servicer or special servicer pursuant to the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the applicable non-serviced whole loan. See “Pooling and Servicing AgreementServicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

We cannot assure you that any extension or modification will increase the present value of recoveries in a given case. Whether or not losses are ultimately sustained, any delay in collection of a balloon payment that would otherwise be distributable on your certificates, whether such delay is due to borrower default or to modification of the related mortgage loan, will likely extend the weighted average life of your certificates.

 

In any event, we cannot assure you that each borrower under a balloon loan will have the ability to repay the principal balance of such mortgage loan on the related maturity date or anticipated repayment date, as applicable.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics”.

 

Risks Related to Ground Leases and Other Leasehold Interests

 

With respect to certain mortgaged properties, the encumbered interest will be characterized as a “fee interest” if (i) the borrower has a fee interest in all or substantially all of the mortgaged property (provided that if the borrower has a leasehold interest in any portion of the mortgaged property, such portion is not material to the use or operation of the mortgaged property), or (ii) the mortgage loan is secured by the borrower’s leasehold interest in the mortgaged property as well as the borrower’s (or other fee owner’s) overlapping fee interest in the related mortgaged property.

 

Leasehold mortgage loans are subject to certain risks not associated with mortgage loans secured by a lien on the fee estate of the borrower. The most significant of these risks is that if the related borrower’s leasehold were to be terminated upon a lease default, the lender would lose its security in the leasehold interest. Generally, each related ground lease or a lessor estoppel requires the lessor to give the lender notice of the borrower’s defaults under the ground lease and an opportunity to cure them, permits the leasehold interest to be assigned to the lender or the purchaser at a foreclosure sale, in some cases only upon the consent of the lessor, and contains certain other protective provisions typically included in a “mortgageable” ground lease, although not all these protective provisions are included in each case.

 

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Upon the bankruptcy of a lessor or a lessee under a ground lease, the debtor has the right to assume or reject the lease. If a debtor lessor rejects the lease, the lessee has the right pursuant to the federal bankruptcy code to treat such lease as terminated by rejection or remain in possession of its leased premises for the rent otherwise payable under the lease for the remaining term of the ground lease (including renewals) and to offset against such rent any damages incurred due to the landlord’s failure to perform its obligations under the lease. If a debtor lessee/borrower rejects any or all of the lease, the leasehold lender could succeed to the lessee/borrower’s position under the lease only if the lease specifically grants the lender such right. If both the lessor and the lessee/borrower are involved in bankruptcy proceedings, the issuing entity may be unable to enforce the bankrupt lessee/borrower’s pre-petition agreement to refuse to treat a ground lease rejected by a bankrupt lessor as terminated. In such circumstances, a ground lease could be terminated notwithstanding lender protection provisions contained in the ground lease or in the mortgage.

 

Some of the ground leases securing the mortgage loans may provide that the ground rent payable under the related ground lease increases during the term of the mortgage loan. These increases may adversely affect the cash flow and net income of the related borrower.

 

A leasehold lender could lose its security unless (i) the leasehold lender holds a fee mortgage, (ii) the ground lease requires the lessor to enter into a new lease with the leasehold lender upon termination or rejection of the ground lease, or (iii) the bankruptcy court, as a court of equity, allows the leasehold lender to assume the ground lessee’s obligations under the ground lease and succeed to the ground lessee’s position. Although not directly covered by the 1994 amendments to the federal bankruptcy code, such a result would be consistent with the purpose of the 1994 amendments to the federal bankruptcy code granting the holders of leasehold mortgages permitted under the terms of the lease the right to succeed to the position of a leasehold mortgagor. Although consistent with the federal bankruptcy code, such position may not be adopted by the applicable bankruptcy court.

 

Further, in a decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (Precision Indus. v. Qualitech Steel SBQ, LLC, 327 F.3d 537 (7th Cir. 2003)) the court ruled with respect to an unrecorded lease of real property that where a statutory sale of the fee interest in leased property occurs under the federal bankruptcy code upon the bankruptcy of a landlord, such sale terminates a lessee’s possessory interest in the property, and the purchaser assumes title free and clear of any interest, including any leasehold estates. Pursuant to the federal bankruptcy code, a lessee may request the bankruptcy court to prohibit or condition the statutory sale of the property so as to provide adequate protection of the leasehold interest; however, the court ruled that this provision does not ensure continued possession of the property, but rather entitles the lessee to compensation for the value of its leasehold interest, typically from the sale proceeds. While there are certain circumstances under which a “free and clear” sale under the federal bankruptcy code would not be authorized (including that the lessee could not be compelled in a legal or equitable proceeding to accept a monetary satisfaction of his possessory interest, and that none of the other conditions of the federal bankruptcy code otherwise permits the sale), we cannot assure you that those circumstances would be present in any proposed sale of a leased premises. As a result, we cannot assure you that, in the event of a statutory sale of leased property pursuant to the federal bankruptcy code, the lessee will be able to maintain possession of the property under the ground lease. In addition, we cannot assure you that the lessee and/or the lender will be able to recoup the full value of the leasehold interest in bankruptcy court. Most of the ground leases contain standard protections typically obtained

 

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by securitization lenders. Certain of the ground leases with respect to a mortgage loan included in the issuing entity may not. See also representation and warranty no. 36 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

Except as noted in “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Fee & Leasehold Estates; Ground Leases” in this prospectus and/or the exceptions to representation and warranty no. 36 on Annex D-1 (as indicated on Annex D-2), each of the ground leases has a term that extends at least 20 years beyond the maturity date of the mortgage loan (taking into account all freely exercisable extension options) and contains customary mortgagee protection provisions, including notice and cure rights and the right to enter into a new lease with the applicable ground lessor in the event a ground lease is rejected or terminated.

 

With respect to certain of the mortgage loans, the related borrower may have given to certain lessors under the related ground lease a right of first refusal in the event a sale is contemplated or an option to purchase all or a portion of the mortgaged property, and these provisions, if not waived, may impede the mortgagee’s ability to sell the related mortgaged property at foreclosure or adversely affect the foreclosure process.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Fee & Leasehold Estates; Ground Leases” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure—Bankruptcy Laws”.

 

Increases in Real Estate Taxes May Reduce Available Funds

 

Certain of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans have or may in the future have the benefit of reduced real estate taxes in connection with a local government “payment in lieu of taxes” program or other tax abatement arrangements. Upon expiration of such program or if such programs were otherwise terminated, the related borrower would be required to pay higher, and in some cases substantially higher, real estate taxes. Prior to expiration of such program, the tax benefit to the mortgaged property may decrease throughout the term of the expiration date until the expiration of such program. An increase in real estate taxes may impact the ability of the borrower to pay debt service on the mortgage loan.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Real Estate and Other Tax Considerations” for descriptions of real estate tax matters relating to certain mortgaged properties.

 

State and Local Mortgage Recording Taxes May Apply Upon a Foreclosure or Deed-in-Lieu of Foreclosure and Reduce Net Proceeds

 

Many jurisdictions impose recording taxes on mortgages which, if not paid at the time of the recording of the mortgage, may impair the ability of the lender to foreclose the mortgage. Such taxes, interest, and penalties could be significant in amount and would, if imposed, reduce the net proceeds realized by the issuing entity in liquidating the real property securing the related mortgage loan.

 

Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest

 

Interests and Incentives of the Originators, the Sponsors and Their Affiliates May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests

 

The originators, the sponsors and their affiliates (including certain of the underwriters) expect to derive ancillary benefits from this offering and their respective incentives may not

 

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be aligned with those of purchasers of the offered certificates. The sponsors originated or purchased the mortgage loans in order to securitize the mortgage loans by means of a transaction such as the offering of the offered certificates. The sponsors will sell the mortgage loans to the depositor (an affiliate of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, one of the sponsors and originators, the master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian, and of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, one of the underwriters) on the closing date in exchange for cash, derived from the sale of the offered certificates to investors and/or in exchange for offered certificates. A completed offering would reduce the originators’ exposure to the mortgage loans. The originators made the mortgage loans with a view toward securitizing them and distributing the exposure by means of a transaction such as this offering of offered certificates. In addition, certain mortgaged properties may have tenants that are affiliated with the related originator. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Tenant Issues—Affiliated Leases”. This offering of offered certificates will effectively transfer the originators’ exposure to the mortgage loans to purchasers of the offered certificates.

 

The originators, the sponsors and their affiliates expect to receive various benefits, including compensation, commissions, payments, rebates, remuneration and business opportunities, in connection with or as a result of this offering of offered certificates and their interests in the mortgage loans. The sponsors and their affiliates will effectively receive compensation, and may record a profit, in an amount based on, among other things, the amount of proceeds (net of transaction expenses) received from the sale of the offered certificates to investors relative to their investment in the mortgage loans. The benefits to the originators, the sponsors and their affiliates arising from the decision to securitize the mortgage loans may be greater than they would have been had other assets been selected.

 

Furthermore, the sponsors and/or their affiliates may benefit from a completed offering of the offered certificates because the offering would establish a market precedent and a valuation data point for securities similar to the offered certificates, thus enhancing the ability of the sponsors and their affiliates to conduct similar offerings in the future and permitting them to adjust the fair value of the mortgage loans or other similar assets or securities held on their balance sheet, including increasing the carrying value or avoiding decreasing the carrying value of some or all of such similar positions.

 

In some cases, the originators, the sponsors or their affiliates are the holders of the mezzanine loans, subordinate loans, unsecured loans and/or companion loans related to their mortgage loans. The originators, the sponsors and/or their respective affiliates may retain existing mezzanine loans, subordinate loans, unsecured loans and/or companion loans or originate future permitted mezzanine indebtedness, subordinate indebtedness or unsecured indebtedness with respect to the mortgage loans. These transactions may cause the originators, the sponsors and their affiliates or their clients or counterparties who purchase the mezzanine loans, subordinate loans, unsecured loans and/or companion loans, as applicable, to have economic interests and incentives that do not align with, and that may be directly contrary to, those of an investor in the offered certificates. In addition, these transactions or actions taken to maintain, adjust or unwind any positions in the future, may, individually or in the aggregate, have a material effect on the market for the offered certificates (if any), including adversely affecting the value of the offered certificates, particularly in illiquid markets. The originators, the sponsors and their affiliates will have no obligation to take, refrain from taking or cease taking any action with respect to such companion loans or any existing or future mezzanine loans, subordinate loans and/or unsecured loans, based on the potential effect on an investor in the offered certificates, and may receive substantial returns from these transactions. In addition, the

 

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originators, the sponsors or any of their respective affiliates may benefit from certain relationships, including financial dealings, with any borrower, any non-recourse carveout guarantor or any of their respective affiliates, aside from the origination of mortgage loans or contribution of mortgage loans into this securitization. Conflicts may also arise because the sponsors and their respective affiliates intend to continue to actively acquire, develop, operate, finance and dispose of real estate-related assets in the ordinary course of their businesses. During the course of their business activities, the sponsors and their respective affiliates may acquire, sell or lease properties, or finance loans secured by properties, which may include the properties securing the mortgage loans or properties that are in the same markets as the mortgaged properties. Such other properties, similar to other third-party owned real estate, may compete with the mortgaged properties for existing and potential tenants. The sponsors may also, from time to time, be among the tenants at the mortgaged properties, and they should be expected to make occupancy-related decisions based on their self-interest and not that of the issuing entity. We cannot assure you that the activities of these parties with respect to such other properties will not adversely impact the performance of the mortgaged properties.

 

In addition, certain of the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity may have been refinancings of debt previously held by a sponsor, an originator or one of their respective affiliates, or a sponsor, an originator or one of their respective affiliates may have or have had equity investments in the borrowers or mortgaged properties under certain of the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity. Each of the sponsors, the originators and their respective affiliates have made and/or may make loans to, or equity investments in, affiliates of the borrowers under the related mortgage loans. In the circumstances described above, the interests of the sponsors, the originators and their respective affiliates may differ from, and compete with, the interests of the issuing entity.

 

Moreover, an affiliate of Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC is expected to be appointed as the initial directing certificateholder. See “—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Holders” below.

 

Further, various originators, sponsors and their respective affiliates are acting in multiple capacities in or with respect to this transaction, which may include, without limitation, acting as one or more transaction parties or a subcontractor or vendor of such party, participating in or contracting for interim servicing and/or custodial services with certain transaction parties, providing warehouse financing to, or receiving warehouse financing from, certain other originators or sponsors prior to transfer of the related mortgage loans to the issuing entity, and/or conducting due diligence on behalf of an investor with respect to the mortgage loans prior to their transfer to the issuing entity.

 

Each of these relationships may create a conflict of interest. For a description of certain of the foregoing relationships and arrangements that exist among the parties to this securitization, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships And Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties” and “Transaction Parties”.

 

These roles and other potential relationships may give rise to conflicts of interest as described in “—Interests and Incentives of the Underwriter Entities May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests”, “—Potential Conflicts of Interest in the Selection of the Underlying Mortgage Loans” and “—Other Potential Conflicts of Interest May Affect Your Investment” below. Each of the foregoing relationships and related interests should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any offered certificates.

 

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Interests and Incentives of the Underwriter Entities May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests

 

The activities and interests of the underwriters and their respective affiliates (collectively, the “Underwriter Entities”) will not align with, and may in fact be directly contrary to, those of the certificateholders. The Underwriter Entities are each part of separate global investment banking, securities and investment management firms that provide a wide range of financial services to a substantial and diversified client base that includes corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net-worth individuals. As such, they actively make markets in and trade financial instruments for their own account and for the accounts of customers. These financial instruments include debt and equity securities, currencies, commodities, bank loans, indices, baskets and other products. The Underwriter Entities’ activities include, among other things, executing large block trades and taking long and short positions directly and indirectly, through derivative instruments or otherwise. The securities and instruments in which the Underwriter Entities take positions, or expect to take positions, include loans similar to the mortgage loans, securities and instruments similar to the offered certificates and other securities and instruments. Market making is an activity where the Underwriter Entities buy and sell on behalf of customers, or for their own account, to satisfy the expected demand of customers. By its nature, market making involves facilitating transactions among market participants that have differing views of securities and instruments. Any short positions taken by the Underwriter Entities and/or their clients through marketing or otherwise will increase in value if the related securities or other instruments decrease in value, while positions taken by the Underwriter Entities and/or their clients in credit derivative or other derivative transactions with other parties, pursuant to which the Underwriter Entities and/or their clients sell or buy credit protection with respect to one or more classes of the offered certificates, may increase in value if the offered certificates default, are expected to default, or decrease in value.

 

The Underwriter Entities and their clients acting through them may execute such transactions, modify or terminate such derivative positions and otherwise act with respect to such transactions, and may exercise or enforce, or refrain from exercising or enforcing, any or all of their rights and powers in connection therewith, without regard to whether any such action might have an adverse effect on the offered certificates or the certificateholders. Additionally, none of the Underwriter Entities will have any obligation to disclose any of these securities or derivatives transactions to you in your capacity as a certificateholder. As a result, you should expect that the Underwriter Entities will take positions that are inconsistent with, or adverse to, the investment objectives of investors in the offered certificates.

 

As a result of the Underwriter Entities’ various financial market activities, including acting as a research provider, investment advisor, market maker or principal investor, you should expect that personnel in various businesses throughout the Underwriter Entities will have and express research or investment views and make recommendations that are inconsistent with, or adverse to, the objectives of investors in the offered certificates.

 

If an Underwriter Entity becomes a holder of any of the certificates, through market-making activity or otherwise, any actions that it takes in its capacity as a certificateholder, including voting, providing consents or otherwise will not necessarily be aligned with the interests of other holders of the same class or other classes of the certificates. To the extent an Underwriter Entity makes a market in the certificates (which it is under no obligation to do), it would expect to receive income from the spreads between its bid and offer prices for the certificates. The price at which an Underwriter Entity may be willing to purchase certificates, if it makes a market, will depend on market conditions and other

 

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relevant factors and may be significantly lower than the issue price for the certificates and significantly lower than the price at which it may be willing to sell certificates.

 

In addition, none of the Underwriter Entities will have any obligation to monitor the performance of the certificates or the actions of the parties to the pooling and servicing agreement and will have no authority to advise any party to the pooling and servicing agreement or to direct their actions.

 

Furthermore, each Underwriter Entity expects that a completed offering will enhance its ability to assist clients and counterparties in the transaction or in related transactions (including assisting clients in additional purchases and sales of the certificates and hedging transactions). The Underwriter Entities expect to derive fees and other revenues from these transactions. In addition, participating in a successful offering and providing related services to clients may enhance the Underwriter Entities’ relationships with various parties, facilitate additional business development, and enable them to obtain additional business and generate additional revenue.

 

Further, certain Underwriter Entities and their respective affiliates are acting in multiple capacities in or with respect to this transaction, which may include, without limitation, acting as one or more transaction parties or a subcontractor or vendor of such party, participating in or contracting for interim servicing and/or custodial services with certain transaction parties, providing warehouse financing to, or receiving warehouse financing from, certain other originators or sponsors prior to transfer of the related mortgage loans to the issuing entity, and/or conducting due diligence on behalf of an investor with respect to the mortgage loans prior to their transfer to the issuing entity.

 

For a description of certain of the foregoing and additional relationships and arrangements that exist among the parties to this securitization, see “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers” and “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

Each of the foregoing relationships should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any certificates.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer

 

The pooling and servicing agreement provides that the mortgage loans serviced thereunder are required to be administered in accordance with the servicing standard without regard to ownership of any certificate by the master servicer, the special servicer or any of their respective affiliates. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing Standard”. The trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced whole loan provides that such non-serviced whole loan is required to be administered in accordance with a servicing standard that is substantially similar in all material respects but not necessarily identical to the servicing standard set forth in the pooling and servicing agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the master servicer, each sub-servicer and the special servicer or any of their respective affiliates and, as it relates to servicing and administration of a non-serviced mortgage loan, the master servicer, sub-servicer, special servicer or any of their respective affiliates under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of such non-serviced whole loan, may have interests when dealing with the mortgage loans that are in conflict with those of holders of the certificates, especially if the master servicer, sub-servicer, special servicer or any of

 

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their respective affiliates holds certificates or securities relating to any applicable companion loan, or has financial interests in or financial dealings with a borrower or a borrower sponsor.

 

Furthermore, nothing in the pooling and servicing agreement or otherwise will prohibit the master servicer or special servicer or an affiliate thereof from soliciting the refinancing of any of the mortgage loans. In the event that the master servicer or special servicer or an affiliate thereof refinances any of the mortgage loans included in the mortgage pool, an earlier than expected payoff of any such mortgage loan could occur, which would result in a prepayment, which such prepayment could have an adverse effect on the yield of the certificates. See “—Other Risks Relating to the CertificatesYour Yield May Be Affected by Defaults, Prepayments and Other Factors” in this prospectus.

 

In order to minimize the effect of certain of these conflicts of interest as they relate to the special servicer, for so long as the special servicer obtains knowledge that it has become a borrower party with respect to a mortgage loan (each such mortgage loan referred to herein as an “excluded special servicer loan”), the special servicer will be required to resign as special servicer with respect to that mortgage loan and, prior to the occurrence of a control termination event under the pooling and servicing agreement, the directing certificateholder will be required to select a separate special servicer that is not a borrower party (referred to herein as an “excluded special servicer”) with respect to any excluded special servicer loan, unless such excluded special servicer loan is also an excluded loan. After the occurrence and during the continuance of a control termination event or at any time the applicable excluded special servicer loan is also an excluded loan, the resigning special servicer will be required to use commercially reasonable efforts to appoint the excluded special servicer. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Replacement of the Special Servicer Without Cause”. Any excluded special servicer will be required to perform all of the obligations of the special servicer with respect to such excluded special servicer loan and will be entitled to all special servicing compensation with respect to such excluded special servicer loan earned during such time as the related mortgage loan is an excluded special servicer loan. While the special servicer will have the same access to information related to the excluded special servicer loan as it does with respect to the other mortgage loans, the special servicer will covenant in the pooling and servicing agreement that it will not directly or indirectly provide any information related to any excluded special servicer loan to the related borrower party, any of the special servicer’s employees or personnel or any of its affiliates involved in the management of any investment in the related borrower party or the related mortgaged property or, to its actual knowledge, any non-affiliate that holds a direct or indirect ownership interest in the related borrower party, and will maintain sufficient internal controls and appropriate policies and procedures in place in order to comply with those obligations. Notwithstanding those restrictions, there can be no assurance that the related borrower party will not obtain sensitive information related to the strategy of any contemplated workout or liquidation related to an excluded special servicer loan.

 

Each of these relationships may create a conflict of interest. For instance, if the special servicer or its affiliate holds a subordinate class of certificates, the special servicer might seek to reduce the potential for losses allocable to those certificates from the mortgage loans by deferring acceleration in hope of maximizing future proceeds. However, that action could result in less proceeds to the issuing entity than would be realized if earlier action had been taken. In addition, no servicer is required to act in a manner more favorable to the offered certificates or any particular class of certificates than to the WFCM 2018-C48 non-offered certificates.

 

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The master servicer and the special servicer service and are expected to continue to service, in the ordinary course of their respective businesses, existing and new mortgage loans for third parties, including portfolios of mortgage loans similar to the mortgage loans. The real properties securing these other mortgage loans may be in the same markets as, and compete with, certain of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. Consequently, personnel of the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, may perform services, on behalf of the issuing entity, with respect to the mortgage loans at the same time as they are performing services, on behalf of other persons, with respect to other mortgage loans secured by properties that compete with the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. In addition, the mortgage loan sellers will determine who will service mortgage loans that the mortgage loan sellers originate in the future, and that determination may be influenced by the mortgage loan seller’s opinion of servicing decisions made by the master servicer or the special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement including, among other things, the manner in which the master servicer or special servicer enforces breaches of representations and warranties against the related mortgage loan seller. This may pose inherent conflicts for the master servicer or special servicer.

 

The special servicer may enter into one or more arrangements with the directing certificateholder, a controlling class certificateholder, other certificateholders (or an affiliate or a third party representative of one or more of the preceding parties) or a serviced companion loan holder to provide for a discount and/or revenue sharing with respect to certain of the special servicer compensation in consideration of, among other things, the special servicer’s appointment (or continuance) as special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement and/or the related intercreditor agreement and limitations on the right of such person to replace the special servicer. See “—Other Potential Conflicts of Interest May Affect Your Investment” below.

 

Although the master servicer and special servicer will be required to service and administer the mortgage loan pool in accordance with the servicing standard and, accordingly, without regard to their rights to receive compensation under the pooling and servicing agreement and without regard to any potential obligation to repurchase or substitute a mortgage loan if the master servicer or special servicer is a mortgage loan seller, the possibility of receiving additional servicing compensation in the nature of assumption and modification fees, the continuation of receiving fees to service or specially service a mortgage loan, or the desire to avoid a repurchase demand resulting from a breach of a representation and warranty or material document default may under certain circumstances provide the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, with an economic disincentive to comply with this standard.

 

LNR Partners assisted Argentic Securities Holdings Cayman Limited (or its affiliate), which is expected to purchase the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR and Class V certificates and is expected to be appointed as the initial directing certificateholder, with due diligence relating to the mortgage loans to be included in the mortgage pool.

 

LNR Partners is also (i) expected to be the special servicer under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA, which is expected to govern the servicing of the Home Depot Technology Center whole loan and an LNR Partners affiliate, LNR Securities Holdings, LLC (“LNRSH”) is expected to be the directing certificateholder, and (ii) the special servicer under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA, which currently governs the servicing of the Liberty Portfolio whole loan and LNRSH is currently the owner of a minority interest in the controlling class.

 

It is expected that Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, a sponsor, an originator, a mortgage loan seller and the holder of one of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio

 

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companion loans, will act as master servicer. In addition, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association will act as the certificate administrator and the custodian under this securitization and is an affiliate of Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc., the depositor, and of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, one of the underwriters. In addition, Wells Fargo Bank is (i) the master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the WFCM 2018-C47 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio whole loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio whole loan, (ii) the servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BBCMS 2018-CHRS TSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Christiana Mall whole loan, (iii) the applicable master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio whole loan, (iv) the servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Aventura Mall whole loan, (v) expected to be the master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA, which is expected to govern the servicing and administration of the Home Depot Technology Center whole loan, (vi) the trustee, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Liberty Portfolio whole loan, and (vii) the applicable master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Fair Oaks Mall whole loan.

 

Each of the foregoing relationships should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any certificates.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Operating Advisor

 

Pentalpha Surveillance LLC has been appointed as the initial operating advisor with respect to all of the mortgage loans other than any non-serviced mortgage loan. See “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer”. In the normal course of conducting its business, the initial operating advisor and its affiliates may have rendered services to, performed surveillance of, provided valuation services to, and negotiated with, numerous parties engaged in activities related to structured finance and commercial mortgage securitization. These parties may have included institutional investors, the depositor, the sponsors, the mortgage loan sellers, the originators, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer, the directing certificateholder, mortgaged property owners and their vendors or affiliates of any of those parties. These relationships may continue in the future. In the normal course of business, Pentalpha Surveillance LLC and its affiliates are hired by trustees and other transaction parties to perform valuation services with respect to properties that may have mortgages attached. Each of these relationships, to the extent they exist, may continue in the future and may involve a conflict of interest with respect to the initial operating advisor’s duties as operating advisor. We cannot assure you that the existence of these relationships and other relationships in the future will not impact the manner in which the initial operating advisor performs its duties under the pooling and servicing agreement.

 

The operating advisor or its affiliates may have duties with respect to existing and new mortgage loans for itself, its affiliates or third parties, including portfolios of mortgage loans similar to the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity. These other mortgage loans and the related mortgaged properties may be in the same markets as, or have owners, obligors or property managers in common with, one or more of the mortgage loans in the issuing entity and the related mortgaged properties. As a result of the investments and activities described above, the interests of the operating advisor and its affiliates and their clients may differ from, and conflict with, the interests of the issuing entity. Consequently,

 

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personnel of Pentalpha Surveillance LLC may perform services, on behalf of the issuing entity, with respect to the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity at the same time as they are performing services, on behalf of other persons, with respect to other mortgage loans secured by properties that compete with the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity. This may pose inherent conflicts of interest for the initial operating advisor. Although the operating advisor is required to consider the servicing standard in connection with its activities under the pooling and servicing agreement, the operating advisor will not itself be bound by the servicing standard.

 

In addition, the operating advisor and its affiliates may acquire or have interests that are in conflict with those of certificateholders if the operating advisor or any of its affiliates has financial interests in or financial dealings with a borrower, a parent or a sponsor of a borrower, a servicer or any of their affiliates. Each of these relationships may also create a conflict of interest.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Asset Representations Reviewer

 

Pentalpha Surveillance LLC has been appointed as the initial asset representations reviewer with respect to all of the mortgage loans. See “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and the Asset Representations Reviewer”. In the normal course of conducting its business, the initial asset representations reviewer and its affiliates have rendered services to, performed surveillance of, provided valuation services to, and negotiated with, numerous parties engaged in activities related to structured finance and commercial mortgage securitization. These parties may have included institutional investors, the depositor, the sponsors, the mortgage loan sellers, the originators, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer or the directing certificateholder, collateral property owners and their vendors or affiliates of any of those parties. Each of these relationships, to the extent they exist, may continue in the future and may involve a conflict of interest with respect to the initial asset representations reviewer’s duties as asset representations reviewer. We cannot assure you that the existence of these relationships and other relationships in the future will not impact the manner in which the initial asset representations reviewer performs its duties under the pooling and servicing agreement.

 

The asset representations reviewer or its affiliates may have duties with respect to existing and new mortgage loans for itself, its affiliates or third parties, including portfolios of mortgage loans similar to the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity. These other mortgage loans and the related mortgaged properties may be in the same markets as, or have owners, obligors or property managers in common with, one or more of the mortgage loans in the issuing entity and the related mortgaged properties. As a result of the investments and activities described above, the interests of the asset representations reviewer and its affiliates and their clients may differ from, and conflict with, the interests of the issuing entity. Consequently, personnel of Pentalpha Surveillance LLC may perform services, on behalf of the issuing entity, with respect to the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity at the same time as they are performing services, on behalf of other persons, with respect to other mortgage loans secured by properties that compete with the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity. This may pose inherent conflicts of interest for the initial asset representations reviewer.

 

In addition, the asset representations reviewer and its affiliates may acquire or have interests that are in conflict with those of certificateholders if the asset representations reviewer or any of its affiliates has financial interests in or financial dealings with a

 

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borrower, a parent or a sponsor of a borrower, a servicer or any of their affiliates. Each of these relationships may also create a conflict of interest.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Holders

 

It is expected that Argentic Securities Income USA LLC, an affiliate of Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC, a sponsor, originator and loan seller, or an affiliate thereof will be appointed as the initial directing certificateholder. The special servicer may, at the direction of the directing certificateholder (for so long as a control termination event does not exist and, at all times, other than with respect to any excluded loan), take actions with respect to the specially serviced loans that could adversely affect the holders of some or all of the classes of certificates. The directing certificateholder will be controlled by the controlling class certificateholders.

 

The controlling class certificateholders and the holder of any companion loan or securities backed by such companion loan may have interests in conflict with those of the other certificateholders. As a result, it is possible that (i) the directing certificateholder on behalf of the controlling class certificateholders (for so long as a control termination event does not exist and, at all times, other than with respect to any excluded loan or non-serviced whole loan), or (ii) the directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced whole loan, may direct the special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement or the special servicer under such trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement relating to the securitization transaction governing the servicing of such non-serviced whole loan, as the case may be, to take actions that conflict with the interests of holders of certain classes of the certificates. Set forth below is the identity of the initial directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) for each non-serviced whole loan, the securitization trust or other entity holding the controlling note in such non-serviced whole loan and the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement under which it is being serviced.

 

Whole Loan

Non-Serviced PSA 

Controlling Noteholder

Initial Directing Party(1)

Starwood Hotel Portfolio WFCM 2018-C47 WFCM 2018-C47 KKR Real Estate Credit Opportunity Partners Aggregator I L.P.
Christiana Mall BBCMS 2018-CHRS BBCMS 2018-CHRS (2)
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio BANK 2018-BNK14 BANK 2018-BNK14 RREF III Debt AIV, LP or its affiliate
Aventura Mall Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM BREDS HG SD (Delaware) L.P.
Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio WFCM 2018-C47 WFCM 2018-C47 KKR Real Estate Credit Opportunity Partners Aggregator I L.P.
Home Depot Technology Center BBCMS 2018-C2(3) BBCMS 2018-C2 LNR Securities Holdings, LLC
Liberty Portfolio Benchmark 2018-B7 Benchmark 2018-B7 Eightfold Real Estate Capital Fund V, L.P.
Fair Oaks Mall BANK 2018-BNK12 Annaly CRE LLC(4) Annaly CRE LLC(4)

 

 

(1)As of the closing date of the related securitization. The entity with the heading “Initial Directing Party” above reflects the party entitled to exercise control and consultation rights with respect to the related mortgage loan similar to those of the directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization until such party’s rights are terminated pursuant to the related pooling and servicing agreement or intercreditor agreement, as applicable.

 

(2)No initial directing party had been appointed as of the closing date of the related securitization.

 

(3)The BBCMS 2018-C2 transaction is expected to close on or about December 20, 2018.

 

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(4)The initial directing party is the holder of the representative of the subordinate companion loans (or if a representative has not been selected, the holder of a majority of the subordinate companion loans), who will have certain control and consultation rights with respect to the related mortgage loan until the occurrence of a control appraisal period pursuant to the related intercreditor agreement. During the control appraisal period, the directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) under the identified servicing agreement is expected to exercise such control and consultation rights until such rights are terminated pursuant to such servicing agreement.

 

The controlling noteholder or directing certificateholder for each non-serviced whole loan has certain consent and/or consultation rights with respect to the related non-serviced whole loan under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of that non-serviced whole loan. Such controlling noteholder or directing certificateholder does not have any duties to the holders of any class of certificates and may have similar conflicts of interest with the holders of other certificates backed by the companion loans. As a result, it is possible that a controlling noteholder of a non-serviced whole loan (solely with respect to the related non-serviced whole loan) may advise a non-serviced special servicer to take actions that conflict with the interests of holders of certain classes of the certificates. However, such non-serviced special servicer is not permitted to take actions that are prohibited by law or that violate its servicing standard or the terms of the related mortgage loan documents. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”. In addition, except as limited by certain conditions described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans”, a non-serviced special servicer may be replaced by the related directing certificateholder or controlling noteholder for cause at any time and without cause for so long as a control termination event (or its equivalent) does not exist. See “—Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

With respect to serviced whole loans, the special servicer, upon strictly non-binding consultation with a serviced companion loan holder or its representative, may take actions with respect to the related serviced whole loan that could adversely affect the holders of some or all of the classes of certificates, to the extent described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans”. In connection with a pari passu whole loan serviced under the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization, a serviced companion loan holder does not have any duties to the holders of any class of certificates, and it may have interests in conflict with those of the certificateholders. As a result, it is possible that a serviced companion loan holder with respect to a serviced whole loan (solely with respect to the related serviced whole loan) may, on a strictly non-binding basis, consult with the special servicer and recommend that the special servicer take actions that conflict with the interests of holders of certain classes of the certificates. However, the special servicer is not required to follow such recommendations and is not permitted to take actions that are prohibited by law or that violate the servicing standard or the terms of the mortgage loan documents and is otherwise under no obligation to take direction from a serviced companion loan holder.

 

In addition, except as limited by certain conditions described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events”, the special servicer may be replaced by the directing certificateholder at any time for cause or without cause (for so long as a control termination event does not exist and other than in respect of any excluded loan). See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder” and “—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events”.

 

The directing certificateholder, any controlling noteholder or their respective affiliates (and the directing certificateholder (or equivalent entity) under a trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced whole loan and their respective affiliates) may have interests that are in conflict with those

 

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of certain certificateholders, especially if the applicable directing certificateholder, controlling noteholder or any of their respective affiliates holds certificates or companion loan securities, or has financial interests in or other financial dealings (as lender or otherwise) with a borrower or an affiliate of a borrower. In order to minimize the effect of certain of these conflicts of interest, for so long as any borrower party is the directing certificateholder or the holder of the majority of the controlling class (any such mortgage loan referred to herein as an “excluded loan” with respect to the directing certificateholder or the holder of the majority of the controlling class), the directing certificateholder will not have consent or consultation rights solely with respect to the related excluded loan (however, the directing certificateholder will be provided certain notices and certain information relating to such excluded loan as described in the pooling and servicing agreement). In addition, for so long as any borrower party is the directing certificateholder or a controlling class certificateholder, as applicable, the directing certificateholder or such controlling class certificateholder, as applicable, will not be given access to any “excluded information” solely relating to the related excluded loan and/or the related mortgaged properties pursuant to the terms of the pooling and servicing agreement. Notwithstanding those restrictions, there can be no assurance that the directing certificateholder or any controlling class certificateholder will not obtain sensitive information related to the strategy of any contemplated workout or liquidation related to an excluded loan or otherwise seek to exert its influence over the special servicer in the event an excluded loan becomes subject to a workout or liquidation. See “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information” in this prospectus. Each of these relationships may create a conflict of interest.

 

The purchase option that the holders of subordinate companion loan(s) relating to the non-serviced AB whole loan hold pursuant to the related intercreditor agreement generally permits such holders to purchase the related defaulted whole loan as described in “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan—The Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan—Purchase Option”. In addition, the related subordinate companion loan holders’ right to cure defaults under the related defaulted loan could delay the issuing entity’s ability to realize on or otherwise take action with respect to such defaulted loan.

 

Potential Conflicts of Interest in the Selection of the Underlying Mortgage Loans

 

The anticipated initial investor in the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR and Class V certificates, which is referred to in this prospectus as the “b-piece buyer” (see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder—General”), was given the opportunity by the sponsors to perform due diligence on the mortgage loans originally identified by the sponsors for inclusion in the issuing entity, and to request the removal, re-sizing or change in the expected repayment dates or other features of some or all of the mortgage loans. The mortgage pool as originally proposed by the sponsors was adjusted based on certain of these requests. In addition, the b-piece buyer received or may have received price adjustments or cost mitigation arrangements in connection with accepting certain mortgage loans in the mortgage pool.

 

We cannot assure you that you or another investor would have made the same requests to modify the original pool as the b-piece buyer or that the final pool as influenced by the b-piece buyer’s feedback will not adversely affect the performance of your certificates and benefit the performance of the b-piece buyer’s certificates. Because of the differing subordination levels, the b-piece buyer has interests that may, in some circumstances, differ from those of purchasers of other classes of certificates, and may desire a portfolio composition that benefits the b-piece buyer but that does not benefit other investors. In

 

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addition, the b-piece buyer may enter into hedging or other transactions (except as may be restricted pursuant to the credit risk retention rules) or otherwise have business objectives that also could cause its interests with respect to the mortgage pool to diverge from those of other purchasers of the certificates. The b-piece buyer performed due diligence solely for its own benefit and has no liability to any person or entity for conducting its due diligence. The b-piece buyer is not required to take into account the interests of any other investor in the certificates in exercising remedies or voting or other rights in its capacity as owner of its certificates or in making requests or recommendations to the sponsors as to the selection of the mortgage loans and the establishment of other transaction terms. Investors are not entitled to rely on in any way the b-piece buyer’s acceptance of a mortgage loan. The b-piece buyer’s acceptance of a mortgage loan does not constitute, and may not be construed as, an endorsement of such mortgage loan, the underwriting for such mortgage loan or the originator of such mortgage loan.

 

The b-piece buyer will have no liability to any certificateholder for any actions taken by it as described in the preceding two paragraphs and the pooling and servicing agreement will provide that each certificateholder, by its acceptance of a certificate, waives any claims against such buyers in respect of such actions.

 

Argentic Securities Income USA LLC, or an affiliate thereof, will constitute the initial directing certificateholder. The directing certificateholder will have certain rights to direct and consult with the special servicer. In addition, the directing certificateholder will generally have certain consultation rights with regard to the non-serviced mortgage loans under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, governing the servicing of such non-serviced whole loan and the related intercreditor agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

Because the incentives and actions of the b-piece buyer may, in some circumstances, differ from or be adverse to those of purchasers of the offered certificates, you are advised and encouraged to make your own investment decision based on a careful review of the information set forth in this prospectus and your own view of the mortgage pool.

 

Conflicts of Interest May Occur as a Result of the Rights of the Applicable Directing Certificateholder To Terminate the Special Servicer of the Applicable Whole Loan

 

With respect to each whole loan, the directing certificateholder exercising control rights over that whole loan will be entitled, under certain circumstances, to remove the special servicer under the applicable pooling and servicing agreement or trust and servicing agreement governing the servicing of such whole loan and, in such circumstances, appoint a successor special servicer for such whole loan (or have certain consent rights with respect to such removal or replacement). The party with this appointment power may have special relationships or interests that conflict with those of the holders of one or more classes of certificates. In addition, that party does not have any duties to the holders of any class of certificates, may act solely in its own interests, and will have no liability to any certificateholders for having done so. No certificateholder may take any action against the directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement for this securitization or under the pooling and servicing agreement or trust and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced whole loan, or against any other parties for having acted solely in their respective interests. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans” for a description of these rights to terminate the special servicer.

 

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Other Potential Conflicts of Interest May Affect Your Investment

 

The managers of the mortgaged properties and the borrowers may experience conflicts in the management and/or ownership of the mortgaged properties because:

 

a substantial number of the mortgaged properties are managed by property managers affiliated with the respective borrowers;

 

these property managers also may manage and/or franchise additional properties, including properties that may compete with the mortgaged properties; and

 

affiliates of the managers and/or the borrowers, or the managers and/or the borrowers themselves, also may own other properties, including competing properties.

 

None of the borrowers, property managers or any of their affiliates or any employees of the foregoing has any duty to favor the leasing of space in the mortgaged properties over the leasing of space in other properties, one or more of which may be adjacent to or near the mortgaged properties.

 

Each of the foregoing relationships should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any certificates.

 

Other Risks Relating to the Certificates

 

The Certificates Are Limited Obligations

 

The certificates, when issued, will only represent ownership interests in the issuing entity. The certificates will not represent an interest in or obligation of, and will not be guaranteed by, the sponsors, the depositor, or any other person. The primary assets of the issuing entity will be the mortgage loans, and distributions on any class of certificates will depend solely on the amount and timing of payments and other collections in respect of the mortgage loans. We cannot assure you that the cash flow from the mortgaged properties and the proceeds of any sale or refinancing of the mortgaged properties will be sufficient to pay the principal of, and interest on, the mortgage loans or to distribute in full the amounts of interest and principal to which the certificateholders will be entitled. See “Description of the Certificates—General”.

 

The Certificates May Have Limited Liquidity and the Market Value of the Certificates May Decline

 

Your certificates will not be listed on any national securities exchange or traded on any automated quotation systems of any registered securities association, and there is currently no secondary market for your certificates. The underwriters have no obligation to make a market in the offered certificates. We cannot assure you that an active secondary market for the certificates will develop. Additionally, one or more investors may purchase substantial portions of one or more classes of certificates. Accordingly, you may not have an active or liquid secondary market for your certificates.

 

The market value of the certificates will also be influenced by the supply of and demand for CMBS generally. A number of factors will affect investors’ demand for CMBS, including:

 

the availability of alternative investments that offer higher yields or are perceived as being a better credit risk than CMBS, or as having a less volatile market value or being more liquid than CMBS;

 

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legal and other restrictions that prohibit a particular entity from investing in CMBS or limit the amount or types of CMBS that it may acquire or require it to maintain increased capital or reserves as a result of its investment in CMBS;

 

increased regulatory compliance burdens imposed on CMBS or securitizations generally, or on classes of securitizers, that may make securitization a less attractive financing option for commercial mortgage loans; and

 

investors’ perceptions of commercial real estate lending or CMBS, which may be adversely affected by, among other things, a decline in real estate values or an increase in defaults and foreclosures on commercial mortgage loans.

 

We cannot assure you that your certificates will not decline in value.

 

Legal and Regulatory Provisions Affecting Investors Could Adversely Affect the Liquidity of the Offered Certificates

 

We make no representation as to the proper characterization of the offered certificates for legal investment, financial institution regulatory, financial reporting or other purposes, as to the ability of particular investors to purchase the offered certificates under applicable legal investment or other restrictions or as to the consequences of an investment in the offered certificates for such purposes or under such restrictions. Changes in federal banking and securities laws and other laws and regulations may have an adverse effect on issuers, investors or other participants in the asset-backed securities markets including the CMBS market and may have adverse effects on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the certificates. While the general effects of such changes are uncertain, regulatory or legislative provisions applicable to certain investors may have the effect of limiting or restricting their ability to hold or acquire CMBS, which in turn may adversely affect the ability of investors in the offered certificates who are not subject to those provisions to resell their certificates in the secondary market. For example:

 

Investors should be aware of the risk retention and due diligence requirements in Europe (the “EU Risk Retention and Due Diligence Requirements”) which apply in respect of various types of EU regulated investors including credit institutions and investment firms and their consolidated affiliates, authorized alternative investment fund managers and insurance and reinsurance undertakings (each, an “Affected Investor”). Among other things, such requirements restrict an Affected Investor from investing in securitizations unless: (i) the originator, sponsor or original lender in respect of the relevant securitization has explicitly disclosed that it will retain, on an on-going basis, a net economic interest of not less than five percent in respect of certain specified credit risk tranches or securitized exposures; and (ii) such investor is able to demonstrate that they have undertaken certain due diligence in respect of various matters including but not limited to its note position, the underlying assets and (in the case of certain types of investors) the relevant sponsor or originator. Failure by an Affected Investor to comply with any applicable EU Risk Retention and Due Diligence Requirements with respect to an investment in the offered certificates may result in the imposition of a penalty regulatory capital charge on that investment or of other regulatory sanctions.

 

None of the sponsors, the depositor or any other party to the transaction is obligated or intends to retain a material net economic interest in the securitization constituted by the issue of the offered certificates in accordance

 

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with the EU Risk Retention and Due Diligence Requirements or to take any other action which may be required by Affected Investors for the purposes of their compliance with the EU Risk Retention and Due Diligence Requirements. Consequently, the offered certificates are not a suitable investment for Affected Investors. As a result, the price and liquidity of the offered certificates in the secondary market may be adversely affected. Prospective investors are responsible themselves to analyze their own regulatory position and are encouraged to consult with their own investment and legal advisors regarding application of and compliance with any applicable EU Risk Retention and Due Diligence Requirements or other applicable regulations and the suitability of the offered certificates for investment. None of the sponsors, the issuing entity, the depositor, the underwriters and any other party to the transaction makes any representation to any prospective investor or purchaser of the offered certificates regarding the regulatory treatment of their investment in the offered certificates on the closing date or at any time in the future.

 

Barclays Bank PLC, a sponsor, may be subject to the “bail-in” powers of national authorities in EU member states (each a “Resolution Authority”) and such sponsor’s liabilities, including the obligation to repurchase certain defective mortgage loans could, among other things, be reduced, converted or extinguished in full. The EU Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (2014/59/EU), collectively with secondary and implementing EU rules, and national implementing legislation (the “BRRD”) also gives the power to a Resolution Authority to take other resolution actions, which may include transferring the assets of certain relevant institutions to a third party entity.

 

Recent changes in federal banking and securities laws, including those resulting from the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) enacted in the United States, may have an adverse effect on issuers, investors, and other participants in the asset-backed securities markets. In particular, new capital regulations were issued by the U.S. banking regulators in July 2013; these regulations implement the increased capital requirements established under the Basel Accord and are being phased in over time. These new capital regulations eliminate reliance on credit ratings and otherwise alter, and in most cases increase, the capital requirements imposed on depository institutions and their holding companies, including with respect to ownership of asset-backed securities such as CMBS. Further changes in capital requirements have been announced by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision and it is uncertain when such changes will be implemented in the United States. When fully implemented in the United States, these changes may have an adverse effect with respect to investments in asset-backed securities, including CMBS. As a result of these regulations, investments in CMBS such as the certificates by financial institutions subject to bank capital regulations may result in greater capital charges to these financial institutions and these new regulations may otherwise adversely affect the treatment of CMBS for their regulatory capital purposes.

 

Regulations were adopted on December 10, 2013 to implement Section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Act (such statutory provision together with such implementing regulations, the “Volcker Rule”). The Volcker Rule generally prohibits “banking entities” (which is broadly defined to include U.S. banks

 

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and bank holding companies and many non-U.S. banking entities, together with their respective subsidiaries and other affiliates) from (i) engaging in proprietary trading, (ii) acquiring or retaining an ownership interest in or sponsoring a “covered fund” and (iii) entering into certain relationships with such funds. Subject to certain exceptions, banking entities were required to be in conformance with the Volcker Rule by July 21, 2015. Under the Volcker Rule, unless otherwise jointly determined otherwise by specified federal regulators, a “covered fund” does not include an issuer that may rely on an exclusion or exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act other than the exclusions contained in Section 3(c)(1) and Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.

 

The issuing entity will be relying on an exclusion or exemption under the Investment Company Act contained in Section 3(c)(5) of the Investment Company Act or Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act, although there may be additional exclusions or exemptions available to the issuing entity. The issuing entity is being structured so as not to constitute a “covered fund” for purposes of the Volcker Rule. The general effects of the Volcker Rule remain uncertain. Any prospective investor in the certificates, including a U.S. or foreign bank or a subsidiary or other affiliate thereof, should consult its own legal advisors regarding such matters and other effects of the Volcker Rule.

 

The Financial Accounting Standards Board has adopted changes to the accounting standards for structured products. These changes, or any future changes, may affect the accounting for entities such as the issuing entity, could under certain circumstances require an investor or its owner generally to consolidate the assets of the issuing entity in its financial statements and record third parties’ investments in the issuing entity as liabilities of that investor or owner or could otherwise adversely affect the manner in which the investor or its owner must report an investment in CMBS for financial reporting purposes.

 

For purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended, no class of offered certificates will constitute “mortgage related securities”.

 

In addition, compliance with legal requirements, such as the credit risk retention regulations under the Dodd-Frank Act, could cause commercial real estate lenders to tighten their lending standards and reduce the availability of debt financing for commercial real estate borrowers. This, in turn, may adversely affect a borrower’s ability to refinance the mortgage loan or sell the related mortgaged property on the related maturity date. We cannot assure you that any borrower will be able to generate sufficient cash from the sale or refinancing of the related mortgaged property to make the balloon payment on the related mortgage loan.

 

Further changes in federal banking and securities laws and other laws and regulations may have an adverse effect on issuers, investors, or other participants in the asset-backed securities markets (including the CMBS market) and may have adverse effects on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the certificates.

 

Accordingly, all investors whose investment activities are subject to legal investment laws and regulations, regulatory capital requirements, or review by regulatory authorities

 

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should consult with their own legal, accounting and other advisors in determining whether, and to what extent, the offered certificates will constitute legal investments for them or are subject to investment or other restrictions, unfavorable accounting treatment, capital charges or reserve requirements. See “Legal Investment”.

 

In addition, this transaction is structured to comply with the Credit Risk Retention Rules as and to the extent set forth under “Credit Risk Retention”. We cannot assure you that the retaining sponsor or the retaining party will at all times satisfy such credit risk retention requirements. At this time, it is unclear what effect a failure of the retaining sponsor or the retaining party to be in compliance with the Credit Risk Retention Rules at any time will have on the certificateholders or the market value or liquidity of the certificates.

 

Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations May Assign Different Ratings to the Certificates; Ratings of the Certificates Reflect Only the Views of the Applicable Rating Agencies as of the Dates Such Ratings Were Issued; Ratings May Affect ERISA Eligibility; Ratings May Be Downgraded

 

Ratings assigned to the offered certificates by the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations engaged by the depositor:

 

are based on, among other things, the economic characteristics of the mortgaged properties and other relevant structural features of the transaction;

 

do not represent any assessment of the yield to maturity that a certificateholder may experience;

 

reflect only the views of the respective rating agencies as of the date such ratings were issued;

 

may be reviewed, revised, suspended, downgraded, qualified or withdrawn entirely by the applicable rating agency as a result of changes in or unavailability of information;

 

may have been determined based on criteria that included an analysis of historical mortgage loan data that may not reflect future experience;

 

may reflect assumptions by such rating agencies regarding performance of the mortgage loans that are not accurate, as evidenced by the significant amount of downgrades, qualifications and withdrawals of ratings assigned to previously issued CMBS by the hired rating agencies and other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations during the recent credit crisis; and

 

do not consider to what extent the offered certificates will be subject to prepayment or that the outstanding principal amount of any class of offered certificates will be prepaid.

 

The nationally recognized statistical rating organizations that assign ratings to any class of offered certificates will establish the amount of credit support, if any, for such class of offered certificates based on, among other things, an assumed level of defaults, delinquencies and losses with respect to the mortgage loans. Actual losses may, however, exceed the assumed levels. If actual losses on the mortgage loans exceed the assumed levels, you may be required to bear the additional losses.

 

In addition, the rating of any class of offered certificates below an investment grade rating by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization, whether upon initial

 

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issuance of such class of certificates or as a result of a ratings downgrade, could adversely affect the ability of an employee benefit plan or other investor to purchase or retain those offered certificates. See “Certain ERISA Considerations” and “Legal Investment”.

 

Nationally recognized statistical rating organizations that were not engaged by the depositor to rate the offered certificates may nevertheless issue unsolicited credit ratings on one or more classes of offered certificates, relying on information they receive pursuant to Rule 17g-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise. If any such unsolicited ratings are issued, we cannot assure you that they will not be different from any ratings assigned by a rating agency engaged by the depositor. The issuance of unsolicited ratings by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization on a class of the offered certificates that are lower than ratings assigned by a rating agency engaged by the depositor may adversely impact the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of that class.

 

As part of the process of obtaining ratings for the offered certificates, the depositor had initial discussions with and submitted certain materials to six nationally recognized statistical rating organizations. Based on preliminary feedback from those nationally recognized statistical rating organizations at that time, the depositor selected three of those nationally recognized statistical rating organizations to rate certain classes of the certificates and not the other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations, due in part to their initial subordination levels for the various classes of the certificates. If the depositor had selected the other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations to rate the certificates, we cannot assure you that the ratings such other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations would have assigned to the certificates would not have been lower than the ratings assigned by the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations engaged by the depositor. Further, in the case of one nationally recognized statistical rating organization engaged by the depositor, the depositor only requested ratings for certain classes of offered certificates, due in part to the final subordination levels provided by that nationally recognized statistical rating organization for the classes of certificates. If the depositor had selected that nationally recognized statistical rating organization to rate those classes of offered certificates not rated by it, its ratings of those other certificates may have been different, and potentially lower, than those ratings ultimately assigned to those certificates by the other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations hired by the depositor. In addition, the decision not to engage one or more other rating agencies in the rating of certain classes of certificates to be issued in connection with this transaction may negatively impact the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of those classes of certificates. Although unsolicited ratings may be issued by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization, a nationally recognized statistical rating organization might be more likely to issue an unsolicited rating if it was not selected after having provided preliminary feedback to the depositor. Neither the depositor nor any other person or entity will have any duty to notify you if any other nationally recognized statistical rating organization issues, or delivers notice of its intention to issue, consolidated ratings on one or more classes of certificates after the date of this prospectus.

 

Furthermore, the Securities and Exchange Commission may determine that any or all of the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates no longer qualifies as a nationally recognized statistical rating organization, or is no longer qualified to rate the certificates or may no longer rate similar securities for a limited period as a result of an enforcement action, and that determination may also have an adverse effect on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the offered certificates. To the extent that the provisions of any mortgage loan or the pooling and servicing agreement condition any action, event or circumstance on the delivery of a rating agency confirmation,

 

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the pooling and servicing agreement will require delivery or deemed delivery of a rating agency confirmation only from the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates or, in the case of a serviced whole loan, any related companion loan securities.

 

We are not obligated to maintain any particular rating with respect to the certificates, and the ratings initially assigned to the certificates by any or all of the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates could change adversely as a result of changes affecting, among other things, the mortgage loans, the mortgaged properties, the parties to the pooling and servicing agreement, or as a result of changes to ratings criteria employed by any or all of the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates. Although these changes would not necessarily be or result from an event of default on any mortgage loan, any adverse change to the ratings of the offered certificates would likely have an adverse effect on the market value, liquidity and/or regulatory characteristics of those certificates.

 

Further, certain actions provided for in loan agreements may require a rating agency confirmation be obtained from the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the certificates and, in the case of a serviced whole loan, any companion loan securities as a precondition to taking such action. In certain circumstances, this condition may be deemed to have been met or waived without such a rating agency confirmation being obtained. In the event such an action is taken without a rating agency confirmation being obtained, we cannot assure you that the applicable rating agency will not downgrade, qualify or withdraw its ratings as a result of the taking of such action. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—’Due-On-Sale’ and ‘Due-On-Encumbrance’ Provisions”, “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Rating Agency Confirmations” and “Ratings” for additional considerations regarding the ratings, including a description of the process of obtaining confirmations of ratings for the offered certificates.

 

Your Yield May Be Affected by Defaults, Prepayments and Other Factors

 

General

 

The yield to maturity on each class of offered certificates will depend in part on the following:

 

the purchase price for the certificates;

 

the rate and timing of principal payments on the mortgage loans (both voluntary and involuntary), and the allocation of principal prepayments to the respective classes of offered certificates with certificate balances; and

 

the allocation of shortfalls and losses on the mortgage loans to the respective classes of offered certificates.

 

For this purpose, principal payments include voluntary and involuntary prepayments, such as prepayments resulting from the application of loan reserves, property releases, casualty or condemnation, defaults and liquidations as well as principal payments resulting from repurchases due to material breaches of representations and warranties or material document defects or purchases by a companion loan holder or mezzanine lender (if any) pursuant to a purchase option or sales of defaulted mortgage loans.

 

Any changes in the weighted average lives of your certificates may adversely affect your yield. In general, if you buy a certificate at a premium, and principal distributions occur faster than expected, your actual yield to maturity will be lower than expected. If principal distributions are very high, holders of certificates purchased at a premium might not fully

 

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recover their initial investment. Conversely, if you buy a certificate at a discount and principal distributions occur more slowly than expected, your actual yield to maturity will be lower than expected.

 

Prepayments resulting in a shortening of weighted average lives of your certificates may be made at a time of low interest rates when you may be unable to reinvest the resulting payment of principal on your certificates at a rate comparable to the effective yield anticipated by you in making your investment in the certificates, while delays and extensions resulting in a lengthening of those weighted average lives may occur at a time of high interest rates when you may have been able to reinvest principal payments that would otherwise have been received by you at higher rates.

 

In addition, the extent to which prepayments on the mortgage loans in the issuing entity ultimately affect the weighted average life of the certificates will depend on the terms of the certificates, more particularly:

 

a class of certificates that entitles the holders of those certificates to a disproportionately larger share of the prepayments on the mortgage loans increases the “call risk” or the likelihood of early retirement of that class if the rate of prepayment is relatively fast; and

 

a class of certificates that entitles the holders of the certificates to a disproportionately smaller share of the prepayments on the mortgage loans increases the likelihood of “extension risk” or an extended average life of that class if the rate of prepayment is relatively slow.

 

The Timing of Prepayments and Repurchases May Change Your Anticipated Yield

 

The rate at which voluntary prepayments occur on the mortgage loans will be affected by a variety of factors, including:

 

the terms of the mortgage loans, including, the length of any prepayment lockout period and the applicable yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums and the extent to which the related mortgage loan terms may be practically enforced;

 

the level of prevailing interest rates;

 

the availability of credit for commercial real estate;

 

the master servicer’s or special servicer’s ability to enforce yield maintenance charges and prepayment premiums;

 

the failure to meet certain requirements for the release of escrows;

 

the occurrence of casualties or natural disasters; and

 

economic, demographic, tax, legal or other factors.

 

Although a yield maintenance charge or other prepayment premium provision of a mortgage loan is intended to create an economic disincentive for a borrower to prepay voluntarily a mortgage loan, we cannot assure you that mortgage loans that have such provisions will not prepay.

 

The extent to which the special servicer forecloses upon, takes title to and disposes of any mortgaged property related to a mortgage loan or sells defaulted mortgage loans will affect the weighted average lives of your certificates. If the special servicer forecloses upon

 

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a significant number of the related mortgage loans, and depending upon the amount and timing of recoveries from the related mortgaged properties or sells defaulted mortgage loans, your certificates may have a shorter weighted average life.

 

Delays in liquidations of defaulted mortgage loans and modifications extending the maturity of mortgage loans will tend to delay the payment of principal on the mortgage loans. The ability of the related borrower to make any required balloon payment at maturity or to repay any ARD loan at the related anticipated repayment date typically will depend upon its ability either to refinance the mortgage loan or to sell the related mortgaged property. A significant number of the mortgage loans require balloon payments at maturity and there is a risk that a number of those mortgage loans may default at maturity or that the special servicer may extend the maturity of a number of those mortgage loans in connection with workouts. We cannot assure you as to the borrowers’ abilities to make mortgage loan payments on a full and timely basis, including any balloon payments at maturity or on the related anticipated repayment date. Bankruptcy of the borrower or adverse conditions in the market where the mortgaged property is located may, among other things, delay the recovery of proceeds in the case of defaults. Losses on the mortgage loans due to uninsured risks or insufficient hazard insurance proceeds may create shortfalls in distributions to certificateholders. Any required indemnification of a party to the pooling and servicing agreement in connection with legal actions relating to the issuing entity, the related agreements or the certificates may also result in shortfalls.

 

See “—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions” above and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Prepayment Protections and Certain Involuntary Prepayments and Voluntary Prepayments” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Redevelopment, Renovation and Expansion”.

 

In addition, if a sponsor repurchases a mortgage loan from the issuing entity due to a material breach of one or more of its representations or warranties or a material document defect, the repurchase price paid will be passed through to the holders of the certificates with the same effect as if the mortgage loan had been prepaid in part or in full, and no yield maintenance charge or other prepayment premium would be payable. Additionally, any mezzanine lender (if any) may have the option to purchase the related mortgage loan after certain defaults, and the purchase price may not include any yield maintenance charges or prepayment premiums. As a result of such a repurchase or purchase, investors in the Class X-A and Class X-B certificates and any other certificates purchased at a premium might not fully recoup their initial investment. A repurchase, a prepayment or the exercise of a purchase option may adversely affect the yield to maturity on your certificates. In this respect, see “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans”.

 

The certificates with notional amounts will not be entitled to distributions of principal but instead will accrue interest on their respective notional amounts. Because the notional amount of the certificates indicated in the table below is based upon the outstanding certificate balances of the related class of certificates, the yield to maturity on the indicated certificates will be extremely sensitive to the rate and timing of prepayments of principal, liquidations and principal losses on the mortgage loans to the extent allocated to the related certificates.

 

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Interest-Only Class
of Certificates

Underlying Classes

Class X-A Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates
Class X-B Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates

 

A rapid rate of principal prepayments, liquidations and/or principal losses on the mortgage loans could result in the failure to recoup the initial investment in the Class X-A and/or Class X-B certificates. Investors in the Class X-A or Class X-B certificates should fully consider the associated risks, including the risk that an extremely rapid rate of amortization, prepayment or other liquidation of the mortgage loans could result in the failure of such investors to recoup fully their initial investments. The yield to maturity of the certificates with notional amounts may be adversely affected by the prepayment of mortgage loans with higher net mortgage loan rates. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Yield on the Certificates with Notional Amounts”.

 

In addition, with respect to the Class A-SB certificates, the extent to which the planned balances are achieved and the sensitivity of the Class A-SB certificates to principal prepayments on the mortgage loans will depend in part on the period of time during which the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates remain outstanding. As such, the Class A-SB certificates will become more sensitive to the rate of prepayments on the mortgage loans than they were when the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates were outstanding.

 

Your Yield May Be Adversely Affected By Prepayments Resulting From Earnout Reserves

 

With respect to certain mortgage loans, earnout escrows may have been established at origination, which funds may be released to the related borrower upon satisfaction of certain conditions. If such conditions with respect to any such mortgage loan are not satisfied, the amounts reserved in such escrows may be, or may be required to be, applied to the payment of the mortgage loan, which would have the same effect on the offered certificates as a prepayment of the mortgage loan, except that such application of funds would not be accompanied by any prepayment premium or yield maintenance charge. See Annex A-1. The pooling and servicing agreement will provide that unless required by the mortgage loan documents, the master servicer will not apply such amounts as a prepayment if no event of default has occurred.

 

Losses and Shortfalls May Change Your Anticipated Yield

 

If losses on the mortgage loans exceed the aggregate certificate balance of the classes of certificates subordinated to a particular class, that class will suffer a loss equal to the full amount of the excess (up to the outstanding certificate balance of that class). Even if losses on the mortgage loans are not borne by your certificates, those losses may affect the weighted average life and yield to maturity of your certificates.

 

For example, certain shortfalls in interest as a result of involuntary prepayments may reduce the funds available to make payments on your certificates. In addition, if the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee reimburses itself (or the master servicer, special servicer, trustee or other party to a trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced whole loan) out of general collections on the mortgage loans included in the issuing entity for any advance that it (or any such other party) has determined is not recoverable out of collections on the related mortgage loan, then to the extent that this reimbursement is made from collections of principal on the

 

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mortgage loans in the issuing entity, that reimbursement will reduce the amount of principal ultimately available to be distributed on the certificates and will result in a reduction of the certificate balance (or notional amount) of one or more classes of certificates as described in this prospectus. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions”. Likewise, if the master servicer or the trustee reimburses itself out of principal collections on the mortgage loans for any workout-delayed reimbursement amounts, that reimbursement will reduce the amount of principal available to be distributed on the certificates on that distribution date. This reimbursement would have the effect of reducing current payments of principal on the offered certificates (other than the certificates with notional amounts and the Class R certificates) and extending the weighted average lives of the offered certificates with certificate balances. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions”.

 

In addition, to the extent losses are realized on the mortgage loans, first the Class H-RR certificates, then the Class G-RR certificates, then the Class F-RR certificates, then the Class E-RR certificates, then the Class D certificates, then the Class C certificates, then the Class B certificates, then the Class A-S certificates and, then, pro rata, the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, based on their respective certificate balances, will bear such losses up to an amount equal to the respective outstanding certificate balance of that class. A reduction in the certificate balance of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 or Class A-5 certificates will result in a corresponding reduction in the notional amount of the Class X-A certificates and a reduction of the certificate balance of the Class A-S, Class B or Class C certificates will result in a corresponding reduction of the notional amount of the Class X-B certificates. We make no representation as to the anticipated rate or timing of prepayments (voluntary or involuntary) or rate, timing or amount of liquidations or losses on the mortgage loans or as to the anticipated yield to maturity of any such offered certificate. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations”.

 

Risk of Early Termination

 

The issuing entity is subject to optional termination under certain circumstances. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination; Retirement of Certificates”. In the event of this termination, you might receive some principal payments earlier than otherwise expected, which could adversely affect your anticipated yield to maturity.

 

Subordination of the Subordinated Certificates Will Affect the Timing of Distributions and the Application of Losses on the Subordinated Certificates

 

As described in this prospectus, the rights of the holders of Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates to receive payments of principal and interest otherwise payable on the certificates they hold will be subordinated to such rights of the holders of the more senior certificates having an earlier alphabetical or alphanumeric class designation. If you acquire any Class A-S, Class B or Class C certificates, then your rights to receive distributions of amounts collected or advanced on or in respect of the mortgage loans will generally be subordinated to those of the holders of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates and, if your certificates are Class B or Class C certificates, to those of the holders of the Class A-S certificates and, if your certificates are Class C certificates, to those of the holders of the Class B certificates. See “Description of the Certificates”. As a result, investors in those classes of certificates that are subordinated in whole or part to other classes of certificates will generally bear the effects of losses on the mortgage loans and unreimbursed expenses of the issuing entity before the holders of those other classes of certificates. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions” and “—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses”.

 

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Your Lack of Control Over the Issuing Entity and the Mortgage Loans Can Impact Your Investment

 

You Have Limited Voting Rights

 

Except as described in this prospectus, you and other certificateholders generally do not have a right to vote and do not have the right to make decisions with respect to the administration of the issuing entity and the mortgage loans. With respect to mortgage loans (other than the mortgage loans that will be serviced under a separate trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement), those decisions are generally made, subject to the express terms of the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction, by the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator, as applicable, subject to any rights of the directing certificateholder under the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction and the rights of the holders of any related companion loan and mezzanine debt under the related intercreditor agreement. With respect to a non-serviced mortgage loan, you will generally not have any right to vote or make decisions, and those decisions will generally be made by the master servicer or the special servicer under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of such non-serviced mortgage loan and the related companion loan, subject to the rights of the directing certificateholder appointed under such trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement or a controlling noteholder under the related intercreditor agreement. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans”. In particular, with respect to the risks relating to a modification of a mortgage loan, see “—Risks Relating to Modifications of the Mortgage Loans” below.

 

In certain limited circumstances where certificateholders have the right to vote on matters affecting the issuing entity, in some cases, these votes are by certificateholders taken as a whole and in others the vote is by class. Your interests as an owner of certificates of a particular class may not be aligned with the interests of owners of one or more other classes of certificates in connection with any such vote. In addition, in all cases voting is based on the outstanding certificate balance, which is reduced by realized losses. In certain cases with respect to the termination of the special servicer and the operating advisor, certain voting rights will also be reduced by cumulative appraisal reduction amounts, as described below. These limitations on voting could adversely affect your ability to protect your interests with respect to matters voted on by certificateholders. See “Description of the Certificates—Voting Rights”. You will have no rights to vote on any servicing matters related to the mortgage loan that will be serviced under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced whole loan.

 

In general, a certificate beneficially owned by any borrower affiliate, any property manager, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the depositor, any mortgage loan seller or respective affiliates or agents will be deemed not to be outstanding and a holder of such certificate will not have the right to vote, subject to certain exceptions, as further described in the definition of “Certificateholder” under “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information—Certificate Administrator Reports”.

 

The Class V and Class R certificates will not have any voting rights.

 

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The Rights of the Directing Certificateholder and the Operating Advisor Could Adversely Affect Your Investment

 

The directing certificateholder will have certain consent and consultation rights with respect to certain matters relating to the mortgage loans (other than any excluded loan and, with respect to any non-serviced mortgage loan, will have limited consultation rights) and the right to replace the special servicer (other than with respect to a non-serviced mortgage loan) with or without cause, except that if a control termination event (i.e., an event in which the certificate balance of the most senior class of certificates that is eligible to be a controlling class, as reduced by the application of cumulative appraisal reduction amounts and realized losses, is less than 25% of its initial certificate balance) occurs and is continuing, the directing certificateholder will lose the consent rights and the right to replace the special servicer, but will retain consultation rights, and if a consultation termination event (i.e., an event in which the certificate balance of the most senior class of certificates that is eligible to be a controlling class (as reduced by the application of realized losses) is less than 25% of its initial certificate balance) occurs and is continuing, then the directing certificateholder will no longer have any consultation rights with respect to any mortgage loans. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”.

 

These actions and decisions with respect to which the directing certificateholder has consent or consultation rights include, among others, certain modifications to the mortgage loans or any serviced whole loan, including modifications of monetary terms, foreclosure or comparable conversion of the related mortgaged properties, and certain sales of mortgage loans or REO properties for less than the outstanding principal amount plus accrued interest, fees and expenses. As a result of the exercise of these rights by the directing certificateholder, the special servicer may take actions with respect to a mortgage loan that could adversely affect the interests of investors in one or more classes of offered certificates.

 

Similarly, with respect to the non-serviced mortgage loans, the special servicer under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, governing the servicing of a non-serviced mortgage loan may, at the direction or upon the advice of the directing certificateholder (or the equivalent), of the related securitization trust (or any other party) holding the controlling note for a non-serviced whole loan, take actions with respect to such non-serviced mortgage loan and related companion loan that could adversely affect such non-serviced mortgage loan, and therefore, the holders of some or all of the classes of certificates. The issuing entity (as the holder of a non-controlling note) will have limited consultation rights with respect to major decisions and the implementation of any recommended actions outlined in an asset status report relating to a non-serviced whole loan and in connection with a sale of a defaulted loan, and such rights will be exercised by the directing certificateholder for this transaction so long as no consultation termination event has occurred and is continuing and by the special servicer if a consultation termination event has occurred and is continuing. Additionally, with respect to each non-serviced whole loan, in circumstances similar to those described above, the directing certificateholder (or the equivalent) of the related securitization trust will have the right to replace the special servicer of such securitization with or without cause, and without the consent of the issuing entity. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

Although the special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement and the special servicer for a non-serviced mortgage loan are not permitted to take actions which are prohibited by law or violate the servicing standard under the applicable pooling and servicing agreement or trust and servicing agreement or the terms of the related mortgage loan documents, it is possible that the directing certificateholder (or the equivalent) under

 

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such pooling and servicing agreement or trust and servicing agreement may direct or advise, as applicable, the related special servicer to take actions with respect to such mortgage loan that conflict with the interests of the holders of certain classes of the certificates.

 

You will be acknowledging and agreeing, by your purchase of offered certificates, that the directing certificateholder and the directing certificateholder (or the equivalent) under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable, governing the servicing of a non-serviced mortgage loan:

 

(i)       may have special relationships and interests that conflict with those of holders of one or more classes of certificates;

 

(ii)       may act solely in the interests of the holders of the controlling class (or, in the case of a non-serviced mortgage loan, the controlling class of the securitization trust formed under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced mortgage loan);

 

(iii)       does not have any duties to the holders of any class of certificates other than the controlling class (or, in the case of a non-serviced mortgage loan, the controlling class of the securitization trust formed under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced mortgage loan);

 

(iv)       may take actions that favor the interests of the holders of the controlling class (or, in the case of a non-serviced mortgage loan, the controlling class of the securitization trust formed under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced mortgage loan or the related controlling companion noteholder) over the interests of the holders of one or more other classes of certificates; and

 

(v)       will have no liability whatsoever (other than to a controlling class certificateholder) for having so acted as set forth in clauses (i) – (iv) above, and that no certificateholder may take any action whatsoever against the directing certificateholder or the directing certificateholder (or the equivalent) under the trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of a non-serviced mortgage loan or any of their respective affiliates, directors, officers, employees, shareholders, members, partners, agents or principals for having so acted.

 

In addition, if the certificate balances of the classes of horizontal risk retention certificates in the aggregate (taking into account the application of any cumulative appraisal reduction amounts to notionally reduce the certificate balances of such classes) is 25% or less of the initial certificate balances of such classes in the aggregate (such event being referred to in this prospectus as an “operating advisor consultation event”), then so long as an operating advisor consultation event has occurred and is continuing, the operating advisor will have certain consultation rights with respect to certain matters relating to the mortgage loans (other than any non-serviced mortgage loan). Further, the operating advisor will have the right to recommend a replacement of the special servicer at any time, as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor” and “—Replacement of the Special Servicer After Operating Advisor Recommendation and Certificateholder Vote”. The operating advisor is generally required to act on behalf of the issuing entity and in the best interest of, and for the benefit of, the certificateholders and, with respect to any serviced whole loan, for the benefit of any holder of a related companion

 

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loan (as a collective whole as if the certificateholders and the companion loan holder constituted a single lender). We cannot assure you that any actions taken by the special servicer or the master servicer as a result of a recommendation or consultation by the operating advisor will not adversely affect the interests of investors in one or more classes of certificates. With respect to any non-serviced mortgage loan, any operating advisor appointed under the related trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of such non-serviced mortgage loan may have rights and duties under such trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement that vary in certain respects from those under the pooling and servicing agreement relating to this transaction, including, for example, variations in the duties of the operating advisor that may result if the related securitization is not satisfying its risk retention requirements through retention by a “third-party purchaser”. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans—General”. Further, the operating advisor will generally have no obligations or consultation rights under the pooling and servicing agreement for this transaction with respect to any non-serviced mortgage loan or any related REO Property. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

You Have Limited Rights to Replace the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Trustee, the Certificate Administrator, the Operating Advisor or the Asset Representations Reviewer

 

In general, the directing certificateholder will have the right to terminate and replace the special servicer with or without cause so long as no control termination event has occurred and is continuing and other than in respect of any excluded loan as described in this prospectus. After the occurrence and during the continuance of a control termination event under the pooling and servicing agreement, the special servicer may also be removed in certain circumstances (x) if a request is made by certificateholders evidencing not less than 25% of the voting rights (taking into account the application of appraisal reductions to notionally reduce the respective certificate balances) and (y) upon receipt of approval by certificateholders holding at least 66-2/3% of a quorum of the certificateholders (which quorum consists of the holders of certificates evidencing at least 50% of the aggregate voting rights (taking into account the application of realized losses and the application of appraisal reductions to notionally reduce the respective certificate balances). See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Replacement of the Special Servicer Without Cause”.

 

In addition, if at any time the operating advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that (1) the special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the pooling and servicing agreement or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the servicing standard, and (2) the replacement of the special servicer would be in the best interest of the certificateholders as a collective whole, then the operating advisor will have the right to recommend the replacement of the special servicer and deliver a report supporting such recommendation in the manner described in “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Replacement of the Special Servicer After Operating Advisor Recommendation and Certificateholder Vote”. The operating advisor’s recommendation to replace the special servicer must be confirmed by an affirmative vote of holders of voting rights of principal balance certificates evidencing at least a majority of a quorum (which, for this purpose, is holders that (i) evidence at least 20% of the voting rights (taking into account the application of appraisal reduction amounts to notionally reduce the respective certificate balances) of all principal balance certificates on an aggregate basis, and (ii) consist of at least three certificateholders, certificate owners that are not “risk retention affiliated” with each other).

 

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The certificateholders will generally have no right to replace and terminate any of the master servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator without cause. The vote of the requisite percentage of certificateholders may terminate the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer without cause. The vote of the requisite percentage of the certificateholders will be required to replace the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer even for cause, and certain termination events may be waived by the vote of the requisite percentage of the certificateholders. With respect to each non-serviced whole loan, in circumstances similar to those described above, the directing certificateholder (or the equivalent) and the certificateholders of the securitization trust related to such other trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement will have the right to replace the special servicer of such securitization with or without cause, and without the consent of the issuing entity. The certificateholders generally will have no right to replace the master servicer or the special servicer of a trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement relating to any non-serviced mortgage loan, though under certain circumstances the certificateholders may have a limited right to replace the master servicer or special servicer for cause solely with respect to such non-serviced whole loan under such trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement, as applicable. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan” in this prospectus. We cannot assure that your lack of control over the replacement of these parties will not have an adverse impact on your investment.

 

The Rights of Companion Holders and Mezzanine Debt May Adversely Affect Your Investment

 

The holders of a serviced pari passu companion loan relating to a serviced pari passu mortgage loan, will have certain consultation rights (on a non-binding basis) with respect to major decisions and implementation of any recommended actions outlined in an asset status report relating to the related whole loan under the related intercreditor agreement. Such companion loan holder and its representative may have interests in conflict with those of the holders of some or all of the classes of certificates, and may advise the special servicer to take actions that conflict with the interests of the holders of certain classes of the certificates. Although any such consultation is non-binding and the special servicer may not be required to consult with such a companion loan holder unless required to do so under the servicing standard, we cannot assure you that the exercise of the rights of such companion loan holder will not delay any action to be taken by the special servicer and will not adversely affect your investment.

 

With respect to mortgage loans that have mezzanine debt, the related mezzanine lender will have the right under certain limited circumstances to (i) cure certain defaults with respect to, and under certain default scenarios, purchase (without payment of any yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium) the related mortgage loan and (ii) so long as no event of default with respect to the related mortgage loan continues after the mezzanine lender’s cure right has expired, approve certain modifications and consent to certain actions to be taken with respect to the related mortgage loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics” and “—Additional Indebtedness”.

 

The purchase option that the holder of mezzanine debt holds pursuant to the related intercreditor agreement generally permits such holder to purchase its related defaulted mortgage loan for a purchase price generally equal to the outstanding principal balance of the related defaulted mortgage loan, together with accrued and unpaid interest (exclusive of default interest) on, and unpaid servicing expenses, protective advances and interest on advances related to, such defaulted mortgage loan. However, in the event such holder is

 

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not obligated to pay some or all of those fees and additional expenses, including any liquidation fee payable to the special servicer under the terms of the pooling and servicing agreement, then the exercise of such holder’s rights under the intercreditor agreement to purchase the related mortgage loan from the issuing entity may result in a loss to the issuing entity in the amount of those fees and additional expenses. In addition, such holder’s right to cure defaults under the related defaulted mortgage loan could delay the issuing entity’s ability to realize on or otherwise take action with respect to such defaulted mortgage loan.

 

In addition, with respect to a non-serviced mortgage loan, you will generally not have any right to vote or consent with respect to any matters relating to the servicing and administration of such non-serviced mortgage loan, however, the directing certificateholder (or equivalent) of the related securitization trust holding the controlling note for the related non-serviced whole loan (or the holder of the related controlling companion loan in the case of the Fair Oaks Mall mortgage loan), will have the right to vote or consent with respect to certain specified matters relating to the servicing and administration of such non-serviced mortgage loan. The interests of the securitization trust holding the controlling note (or the holder of the related controlling companion loan in the case of the Fair Oaks Mall mortgage loan) may conflict with those of the holders of some or all of the classes of certificates, and accordingly the directing certificateholder (or the equivalent) of such securitization trust (or the holder of the related controlling companion loan in the case of the Fair Oaks Mall mortgage loan) may direct or advise the special servicer for the related securitization trust to take actions that conflict with the interests of the holders of certain classes of the certificates. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans”, “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

You will be acknowledging and agreeing, by your purchase of offered certificates, that any companion loan holder:

 

may have special relationships and interests that conflict with those of holders of one or more classes of certificates;

 

may act solely in its own interests, without regard to your interests;

 

do not have any duties to any other person, including the holders of any class of certificates;

 

may take actions that favor its interests over the interests of the holders of one or more classes of certificates; and

 

will have no liability whatsoever for having so acted and that no certificateholder may take any action whatsoever against the companion loan holder or its representative or any director, officer, employee, agent or principal of the companion loan holder or its representative for having so acted.

 

Risks Relating to Modifications of the Mortgage Loans

 

As delinquencies or defaults occur, the related special servicer will be required to utilize an increasing amount of resources to work with borrowers to maximize collections on the mortgage loans serviced by it. This may include modifying the terms of such mortgage loans that are in default or whose default is reasonably foreseeable. At each step in the process of trying to bring a defaulted mortgage loan current or in maximizing proceeds to the issuing entity, the special servicer will be required to invest time and resources not

 

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otherwise required when collecting payments on performing mortgage loans. Modifications of mortgage loans implemented by the special servicer in order to maximize ultimate proceeds of such mortgage loans to the issuing entity may have the effect of, among other things, reducing or otherwise changing the mortgage rate, forgiving or forbearing payments of principal, interest or other amounts owed under the mortgage loan, extending the final maturity date of the mortgage loan, capitalizing or deferring delinquent interest and other amounts owed under the mortgage loan, forbearing payment of a portion of the principal balance of the mortgage loan or any combination of these or other modifications.

 

Any modified mortgage loan may remain in the issuing entity, and the modification may result in a reduction in (or may eliminate) the funds received in respect of such mortgage loan. In particular, any modification to reduce or forgive the amount of interest payable on the mortgage loan will reduce the amount of cash flow available to make distributions of interest on the certificates, which will likely impact the most subordinated classes of certificates that suffer the shortfall. To the extent the modification defers principal payments on the mortgage loan (including as a result of an extension of its stated maturity date), certificates entitled to principal distributions will likely be repaid more slowly than anticipated, and if principal payments on the mortgage loan are forgiven, the reduction will cause a write-down of the certificate balances of the certificates in reverse order of seniority. See “Description of the Certificates—Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses”.

 

The ability to modify mortgage loans by the special servicer may be limited by several factors. First, if the special servicer has to consider a large number of modifications, operational constraints may affect the ability of the special servicer to adequately address all of the needs of the borrowers. Furthermore, the terms of the related servicing agreement may prohibit the special servicer from taking certain actions in connection with a loan modification, such as an extension of the loan term beyond a specified date such as a specified number of years prior to the rated final distribution date. You should consider the importance of the role of the special servicer in maximizing collections for the transaction and the impediments the special servicer may encounter when servicing delinquent or defaulted mortgage loans. In some cases, failure by the special servicer to timely modify the terms of a defaulted mortgage loan may reduce amounts available for distribution on the certificates in respect of such mortgage loan, and consequently may reduce amounts available for distribution to the related certificates. In addition, even if a loan modification is successfully completed, we cannot assure you that the related borrower will continue to perform under the terms of the modified mortgage loan.

 

Modifications that are designed to maximize collections in the aggregate may adversely affect a particular class of certificates. The pooling and servicing agreement obligates the special servicer not to consider the interests of individual classes of certificates. You should note that in connection with considering a modification or other type of loss mitigation, the special servicer may incur or bear related out-of-pocket expenses, such as appraisal fees, which would be reimbursed to the special servicer from the transaction as servicing advances and paid from amounts received on the modified loan or from other mortgage loans in the mortgage pool but in each case, prior to distributions being made on the certificates.

 

Sponsors May Not Make Required Repurchases or Substitutions of Defective Mortgage Loans or Pay Any Loss of Value Payment Sufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan

 

Each sponsor is the sole warranting party in respect of the mortgage loans sold by such sponsor to us. Neither we nor any of our affiliates (except Wells Fargo Bank, National

 

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Association in its capacity as a sponsor, with respect to the mortgage loans it will contribute to this securitization) is obligated to repurchase or substitute any mortgage loan or make any payment to compensate the issuing entity in connection with a breach of any representation or warranty of a sponsor or any document defect, if the sponsor defaults on its obligation to do so. However, Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc. will guarantee the performance of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC’s obligations, to repurchase or replace defective mortgage loans. We cannot assure you that the sponsors, notwithstanding the existence of any payment guarantee, will effect such repurchases or substitutions or make such payment to compensate the issuing entity. Although a loss of value payment may only be made by the related mortgage loan seller to the extent that the special servicer deems such amount to be sufficient to compensate the issuing entity for such material defect or material breach, we cannot assure you that such loss of value payment will fully compensate the issuing entity for such material defect or material breach in all respects. In particular, in the case of a non-serviced whole loan that is serviced under the related non-serviced trust and servicing agreement or pooling and servicing agreement entered into in connection with the securitization of the related pari passu companion loan, the asset representations reviewer under that pooling and servicing agreement or trust and servicing agreement (if any) may review the diligence file relating to such pari passu companion loan concurrently with the review of the asset representations reviewer of the related mortgage loan for this transaction, and their findings may be inconsistent, and such inconsistency may allow the related mortgage loan seller to challenge the findings of the asset representations reviewer of the affected mortgage loan. In addition, the sponsors (or Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC) may have various legal defenses available to them in connection with a repurchase or substitution obligation or an obligation to pay the loss of value payment. See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers—BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC”. Any mortgage loan that is not repurchased or substituted and that is not a “qualified mortgage” for a REMIC may cause designated portions of the issuing entity to fail to qualify as a REMIC or cause the issuing entity to incur a tax.

 

Each sponsor has only limited assets with which to fulfill any obligations on its part that may arise as a result of a material document defect or a material breach of any of the sponsor’s representations or warranties. We cannot assure you that a sponsor has or will have sufficient assets with which to fulfill any obligations on its part that may arise, or that any such entity will maintain its existence.

 

Additionally, one of the sponsors, Barclays Bank PLC, may be subject to the “bail-in” powers of a Resolution Authority and such sponsor’s liabilities, including the obligation to repurchase certain defective mortgage loans could, among other things, be reduced, converted or extinguished in full. The BRRD also gives the power to a Resolution Authority to take other resolution actions, which may include transferring the assets of certain relevant institutions to a third party entity. See “—The Sponsors, the Depositor and the Issuing Entity Are Subject to Bankruptcy or Insolvency Laws That May Affect the Issuing Entity’s Ownership of the Mortgage Loans”.

 

See “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

Risks Relating to Interest on Advances and Special Servicing Compensation

 

To the extent described in this prospectus, the master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee will each be entitled to receive interest on unreimbursed advances made by it at the “Prime Rate” as published in The Wall Street Journal. This interest will generally accrue from the date on which the related advance is made or the related expense is incurred to the date of reimbursement. In addition, under certain circumstances, including

 

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delinquencies in the payment of principal and/or interest, a mortgage loan will be specially serviced and the special servicer will be entitled to compensation for special servicing activities. The right to receive interest on advances or special servicing compensation is senior to the rights of certificateholders to receive distributions on the offered certificates. The payment of interest on advances and the payment of compensation to the special servicer may lead to shortfalls in amounts otherwise distributable on your certificates.

 

Bankruptcy of a Servicer May Adversely Affect Collections on the Mortgage Loans and the Ability to Replace the Servicer

 

The master servicer or the special servicer may be eligible to become a debtor under the federal bankruptcy code or enter into receivership under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (“FDIA”). If the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, were to become a debtor under the federal bankruptcy code or enter into receivership under the FDIA, although the pooling and servicing agreement provides that such an event would entitle the issuing entity to terminate the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, the provision would most likely not be enforceable. However, a rejection of the pooling and servicing agreement by the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, in a bankruptcy proceeding or repudiation of the pooling and servicing agreement in a receivership under the FDIA would be treated as a breach of the pooling and servicing agreement and give the issuing entity a claim for damages and the ability to appoint a successor master servicer or special servicer, as applicable. An assumption under the federal bankruptcy code would require the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, to cure its pre-bankruptcy defaults, if any, and demonstrate that it is able to perform following assumption. The bankruptcy court may permit the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, to assume the servicing agreement and assign it to a third party. An insolvency by an entity governed by state insolvency law would vary depending on the laws of the particular state. We cannot assure you that a bankruptcy or receivership of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, would not adversely impact the servicing of the related mortgage loans or the issuing entity would be entitled to terminate the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, in a timely manner or at all.

 

If the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, becomes the subject of bankruptcy or similar proceedings, the issuing entity claim to collections in that master servicer or special servicer’s, as applicable, possession at the time of the bankruptcy filing or other similar filing may not be perfected. In this event, funds available to pay principal and interest on your certificates may be delayed or reduced.

 

The Sponsors, the Depositor and the Issuing Entity Are Subject to Bankruptcy or Insolvency Laws That May Affect the Issuing Entity’s Ownership of the Mortgage Loans

 

In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of a sponsor or the depositor, it is possible the issuing entity’s right to payment from or ownership of the mortgage loans could be challenged, and if such challenge were successful, delays, reductions in payments and/or losses on the certificates could occur.

 

The transfer of the mortgage loans by the sponsors in connection with this offering is not expected to qualify for the securitization safe harbor adopted by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) for securitizations sponsored by insured depository institutions. However, the safe harbor is non-exclusive.

 

In the case of each sponsor, an opinion of counsel will be rendered on the closing date, based on certain facts and assumptions and subject to certain qualifications, to the effect

 

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that the transfer of the related mortgage loans by such sponsor to the depositor would generally be respected in the event of a bankruptcy or insolvency of such sponsor. A legal opinion is not a guaranty as to what any particular court would actually decide, but rather an opinion as to the decision a court would reach if the issues are competently presented and the court followed existing precedent as to legal and equitable principles applicable in bankruptcy cases. In any event, we cannot assure you that the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, a bankruptcy trustee or another interested party, as applicable, would not attempt to assert that such transfer was not a sale. Even if a challenge were not successful, it is possible that payments on the certificates would be delayed while a court resolves the claim.

 

In addition, since the issuing entity is a common law trust, it may not be eligible for relief under the federal bankruptcy laws, unless it can be characterized as a “business trust” for purposes of the federal bankruptcy laws. Bankruptcy courts look at various considerations in making this determination, so it is not possible to predict with any certainty whether or not the issuing entity would be characterized as a “business trust”. Regardless of whether a bankruptcy court ultimately determines that the issuing entity is a “business trust”, it is possible that payments on the offered certificates would be delayed while the court resolved the issue.

 

Title II of the Dodd-Frank Act provides for an orderly liquidation authority (“OLA”) under which the FDIC can be appointed as receiver of certain systemically important non-bank financial companies and their direct or indirect subsidiaries in certain cases. We make no representation as to whether this would apply to any of the sponsors. In January 2011, the then-acting general counsel of the FDIC issued a letter (the “Acting General Counsel’s Letter”) in which he expressed his view that, under then-existing regulations, the FDIC, as receiver under the OLA, would not, in the exercise of its OLA repudiation powers, recover as property of a financial company assets transferred by the financial company, provided that the transfer satisfies the conditions for the exclusion of assets from the financial company’s estate under the federal bankruptcy code. The letter further noted that, while the FDIC staff may be considering recommending further regulations under OLA, the acting general counsel would recommend that such regulations incorporate a 90-day transition period for any provisions affecting the FDIC’s statutory power to disaffirm or repudiate contracts. If, however, the FDIC were to adopt a different approach than that described in the Acting General Counsel’s Letter, delays or reductions in payments on the offered certificates would occur.

 

Barclays Bank PLC, a mortgage loan seller, a sponsor and an originator, is subject to the provisions of the Insolvency Act 1986, as amended (United Kingdom Act of Parliament, 1986 ch. 45) (the “Insolvency Act”) and the Banking Act 2009, as amended (United Kingdom Act of Parliament, 2009 ch. 1) (the “Banking Act”). Under the terms of the Insolvency Act, certain transactions by an English-registered company, such as Barclays, may be challenged by an insolvency officer appointed to that company on its insolvency. Under the Banking Act, the Secretary of State, Prudential Regulation Authority, or Bank of England can apply to the court for implementation of an insolvency regime specifically for certain deposit-taking institutions. One aspect of this regime is that an insolvency officer will conduct the relevant insolvency process in such a manner as to promote protection of retail deposits held by such an institution (in combination with the United Kingdom Financial Services Compensation Scheme).

 

Further, under the Banking Act, specified UK authorities have extended tools to deal with the failure (or likely failure) of certain UK incorporated entities, including authorized and established entities including deposit-taking institutions and investment firms and powers to recognize and give effect to certain resolution actions in respect of the European

 

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Economic Area and third country institutions. The tools available under the Banking Act may be used in respect of relevant institutions and, in certain circumstances, their UK established banking group companies and such tools include (a) the power to issue share transfer instruments and/or orders pursuant to which there may be transferred to a commercial purchaser or a nominee of or a company wholly owned by the UK Treasury, all or some of the securities issued by a UK institution with permission to accept deposits under the FSMA (“UK Bank”) (or any UK holding company of the UK Bank). The share transfers can extend to a wide range of “securities” including shares and bonds issued by the UK Bank (or any UK holding company of the UK Bank) and warrants for such and also deferred shares or private membership rights in a building society and (b) the power to transfer all or some of the property, rights and liabilities of a UK Bank or a building society to a commercial purchaser or Bank of England entity. In certain circumstances encumbrances and trusts can be over-reached or varied. Power also exists to override any default provisions in transactions otherwise affected by these powers. Compensation may be payable in the context of share transfer instruments and/or orders and property transfer instruments. In the case of share transfers any compensation will be paid to the person who held the security immediately before the transfer, who may not be the encumbrancer. The Banking Act also includes provisions relating to two new insolvency procedures which may be commenced by specified UK authorities (bank insolvency and bank administration).

 

The Banking Act also vests power in the Bank of England (among other things) to override, vary or impose contractual obligations between the UK Bank (or any UK holding company of the UK Bank) and its former group undertakings (as defined in the Banking Act), for reasonable consideration, in order to enable any transferee or successor bank of the UK Bank (or any UK holding company of the UK Bank) to operate effectively. There is also power for the UK Treasury to amend the law (save for a provision made by or under the Act) by order for the purpose of enabling it to use the special resolution regime powers effectively, potentially with retrospective effect.

 

If an instrument or order were to be made under the Banking Act in respect of Barclays Bank PLC, such instrument or order may (among other things) affect the ability of Barclays Bank PLC to satisfy its obligations under the related mortgage loan purchase agreement and/or result in modifications to the related mortgage loan purchase agreement. As a result, the making of an instrument or order in respect of Barclays Bank PLC may affect the ability of the issuing entity to meet its obligations in respect of the certificates. While there is provision for compensation in certain circumstances under the Banking Act, there can be no assurance that certificateholders would recover compensation promptly and equal to any loss actually incurred.

 

As at the date of this prospectus, no order or action has been taken by the UK Treasury or the Bank of England under the Banking Act in respect of Barclays Bank PLC and there has been no indication that any such instrument or order will be made, but there can be no assurance that this will not change and/or that certificateholders will not be adversely affected by any such instrument or order if made.

 

An opinion of counsel will be rendered on the closing date, based on certain facts and assumptions and subject to certain qualifications, to the effect that the transfer of Barclays’ interest in the mortgage loan by Barclays Bank PLC will constitute a true sale of such assets. Nevertheless, we cannot assure you that an interested party would not attempt to assert that such transfer was not a sale nor challenge the transaction under United Kingdom insolvency rules, nor that the transfer could not be affected by an order under the Banking Act. Even if a challenge were not successful, or if an order under the Banking Act itself was successfully challenged, resolution of such a matter could cause significant delay which may impact on payments under the certificates.

 

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The EU Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive (2014/59/EU) (collectively with secondary and implementing EU rules, and national implementing legislation, the “BRRD”) equips national authorities in EU member states (the “Resolution Authorities”) with tools and powers for preparatory and preventive measures, early supervisory intervention and resolution of credit institutions and investment firms (collectively, “Relevant Institutions”). If a Relevant Institution enters into a mortgage loan purchase agreement with the depositor and is deemed likely to fail within the circumstances identified in the BRRD, the relevant Resolution Authority may employ such tools and powers in order to intervene in the Relevant Institution’s failure. In particular, liabilities of Relevant Institutions arising out of the mortgage loan purchase agreement (for example, liabilities requiring lenders to repurchase mortgage loans or to cure certain breaches or defects with respect to mortgage loans) and not otherwise subject to an exception, could be subject to the exercise of “bail-in” powers of the relevant Resolution Authorities (which power is just one of a number of wide powers given to Resolution Authorities for the recovery and resolution of banks and other financial institutions). If the relevant Resolution Authority decides to apply the “bail-in” tool to the liabilities of a Relevant Institution, then subject to certain exceptions set out in the BRRD, the liabilities of such Relevant Institution could, among other things, be reduced, converted to shares or other ownership interests in the Relevant Institution, its parent company or a bridge institution or extinguished in full. In addition, under the BRRD the Resolution Authority will have the power (among other tools) to transfer to a third party, rights, assets or liabilities of an institution under resolution. As a result, the depositor or the issuing entity and ultimately, the certificateholders may not be able to recover any liabilities owed by such an entity to the depositor or the issuing entity, as applicable. Further, a relevant Resolution Authority may exercise its discretions in a manner that produces different outcomes amongst institutions resolved in different EU member states. The resolution mechanisms under the BRRD correspond closely to those available to the Single Resolution Board (the “SRB”) and the European Commission under the SR Regulation (Regulation 806/2014) which applies to EU member states in the Eurozone and other member states participating in the single supervisory mechanism (the “SSM”) with the SRB taking on many of the functions assigned to national resolution authorities by the BRRD. If a member state (such as the UK) has chosen not to participate in the SSM, Relevant Institutions established in that member state are not subject to the SR Regulation, but to the BRRD as implemented in that member state. For a discussion of certain risks relating to repurchases of a mortgage loan, see “—Sponsors May Not Make Required Repurchases or Substitutions of Defective Mortgage Loans or Pay Any Loss of Value Payment Sufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan” above.

 

If Barclays Bank PLC were acting through its New York branch, and were to become the subject of an insolvency proceeding under the laws of the United Kingdom and a proceeding were initiated under Chapter 15 of the federal bankruptcy code or the New York Superintendent of Financial Services were to take possession of the New York branch, it is possible that the New York Superintendent of Financial Services, a creditor or trustee in bankruptcy of Barclays Bank PLC may argue that the sale of its interest in the mortgage loan by Barclays Bank PLC was a pledge of the receivables rather than a sale. The New York Superintendent of Financial Services, a creditor, a bankruptcy trustee or another interested party could still attempt to assert that the transfer of Barclays’ interest in the mortgage loan was not a sale. If such party’s challenge is successful, payments on the certificates would be reduced or delayed. Even if the challenge is not successful, payments on the certificates could be delayed while a court resolves the claim.

 

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The Requirement of the Special Servicer to Obtain FIRREA-Compliant Appraisals May Result in an Increased Cost to the Issuing Entity

 

Each appraisal obtained pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement is required to contain a statement, or is accompanied by a letter from the appraiser, to the effect that the appraisal was performed in accordance with the requirements of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 (“FIRREA”), as in effect on the date such appraisal was obtained. Any such appraisal is likely to be more expensive than an appraisal that is not FIRREA compliant. Such increased cost could result in losses to the issuing entity. Additionally, FIRREA compliant appraisals are required to assume a value determined by a typically motivated buyer and seller, and could result in a higher appraised value than one not prepared assuming a forced liquidation or other distress situation. In addition, because a FIRREA compliant appraisal may result in a higher valuation than a non-FIRREA compliant appraisal, there may be a delay in calculating and applying appraisal reductions, which could result in the holders of a given class of certificates continuing to hold the full non-notionally reduced amount of such certificates for a longer period of time than would be the case if a non-FIRREA compliant appraisal were obtained.

 

Tax Matters and Changes in Tax Law May Adversely Impact the Mortgage Loans or Your Investment

 

Tax Considerations Relating to Foreclosure

 

If the issuing entity acquires a mortgaged property (or, in the case of a non-serviced mortgage loan, a beneficial interest in a mortgaged property) subsequent to a default on the related mortgage loan pursuant to a foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, the special servicer (or, in the case of a non-serviced mortgage loan, the related non-serviced special servicer) would be required to retain an independent contractor to operate and manage such mortgaged property. Among other items, the independent contractor generally will not be able to perform construction work other than repair, maintenance or certain types of tenant build-outs, unless the construction was more than 10% completed when the mortgage loan defaulted or when the default of the mortgage loan became imminent. Generally, any (i) net income from such operation (other than qualifying “rents from real property”) (ii) rental income based on the net profits of a tenant or sub-tenant or allocable to a service that is non-customary in the area and for the type of property involved and (iii) rental income attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property, if the rent attributable to the personal property exceeds 15% of the total rent for the taxable year, will subject the Lower-Tier REMIC to federal tax (and possibly state or local tax) on such income at the corporate tax rate. No determination has been made whether any portion of the income from the mortgaged properties constitutes “rent from real property”. Any such imposition of tax will reduce the net proceeds available for distribution to certificateholders. The special servicer (or, in the case of a non-serviced mortgage loan, the related non-serviced special servicer) may permit the Lower-Tier REMIC to earn “net income from foreclosure property” that is subject to tax if it determines that the net after-tax benefit to holders of certificates and any related companion loan holder(s), as a collective whole, could reasonably be expected to be greater than under another method of operating or leasing the mortgaged property. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Mortgage Loans”. In addition, if the issuing entity were to acquire one or more mortgaged properties (or, in the case of a non-serviced mortgage loan, a beneficial interest in a mortgaged property) pursuant to a foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, upon acquisition of those mortgaged properties (or, in the case of a non-serviced mortgage loan, a beneficial interest in a mortgaged property), the issuing entity may in certain jurisdictions, particularly in New York, be required to pay state or local transfer or excise taxes upon liquidation of such properties. Such state or local taxes may

 

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reduce net proceeds available for distribution to the certificateholders. In most circumstances, the special servicer (or in the case of a non-serviced mortgage loan, the related non-serviced special servicer) will be required to sell such mortgaged property prior to the close of the third calendar year beginning after the year of acquisition.

 

When foreclosing on a real estate mortgage, a REMIC is generally limited to taking only the collateral that will qualify as “foreclosure property” within the meaning of the REMIC provisions. Foreclosure property includes only the real property (ordinarily the land and structures) securing the real estate mortgage and personal property incident to such real property.

 

REMIC Status

 

If an entity intended to qualify as a REMIC fails to satisfy one or more of the REMIC provisions of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, during any taxable year, the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, provides that such entity will not be treated as a REMIC for such year and any year thereafter. In such event, the relevant entity would likely be treated as an association taxable as a corporation under the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. If designated portions of the issuing entity are so treated, the offered certificates may be treated as stock interests in an association and not as debt instruments.

 

Material Federal Tax Considerations Regarding Original Issue Discount

 

One or more classes of offered certificates may be issued with “original issue discount” for federal income tax purposes, which generally would result in the holder recognizing taxable income in advance of the receipt of cash attributable to that income. Investors must have sufficient sources of cash to pay any federal, state or local income taxes with respect to the original issue discount. In addition, such original issue discount will be required to be accrued and included in income based on the assumption that no defaults will occur and no losses will be incurred with respect to the mortgage loans. This could lead to the inclusion of amounts in ordinary income early in the term of the certificate that later prove uncollectible, giving rise to a bad debt deduction. In the alternative, an investor may be required to treat such uncollectible amount as a capital loss under Section 166 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

Description of the Mortgage Pool

 

General

 

The assets of the issuing entity will consist of a pool of fifty-two (52) fixed-rate mortgage loans (the “Mortgage Loans” or, collectively, the “Mortgage Pool”) with an aggregate principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $833,933,944 (the “Initial Pool Balance”). The “Cut-off Date” means the respective due dates for such Mortgage Loans in December 2018 (or, in the case of any Mortgage Loan that has its first due date in January 2019, the date that would have been its due date in December 2018 under the terms of such Mortgage Loan if a monthly debt service payment were scheduled to be due in that month).

 

Eleven (11) of the Mortgage Loans (30.4%), are each part of a larger whole loan, each of which is comprised of the related Mortgage Loan and one or more loans that are pari passu in right of payment to the related Mortgage Loan (collectively referred to in this prospectus as “Pari Passu Companion Loans”) and/or are subordinate in right of payment to the related Mortgage Loan (referred to in this prospectus as “Subordinate Companion

 

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Loans”). The Pari Passu Companion Loans and the Subordinate Companion Loans are collectively referred to as the “Companion Loans” in this prospectus, and each Mortgage Loan and the related Companion Loan(s) are collectively referred to as a “Whole Loan”. Each Companion Loan is secured by the same mortgage and the same single assignment of leases and rents securing the related Mortgage Loan. See “—The Whole Loans” below for more information regarding the rights of the holders of the related Mortgage Loans and Companion Loans.

 

The Mortgage Loans were selected for this transaction from mortgage loans specifically originated for securitizations of this type by the mortgage loan sellers and their respective affiliates, or originated by others and acquired by the mortgage loan sellers specifically for a securitization of this type, in either case, taking into account, among other factors, rating agency criteria and anticipated feedback from investors in the most subordinate certificates, property type and geographic location.

 

The mortgage loan sellers will transfer to the depositor the Mortgage Loans set forth in the following chart, and the depositor will in turn sell the Mortgage Loans to the issuing entity:

 

Sellers of the Mortgage Loans

 

Mortgage Loan Seller

 

Number of
Mortgage
Loans

 

Number of
Mortgaged
Properties
 

 

Aggregate Cut-Off
Date Balance of
Mortgage Loans

 

Approx. %
of Initial
Pool
Balance
 

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC   16    18   $300,741,141    36.1%
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association   16    44    168,585,000    20.2 
Barclays Bank PLC   8    10    161,953,431    19.4 
Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC   7    9    109,604,372    13.1 
BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC   5    14    93,050,000    11.2 
Total   52    95   $833,933,944    100.0%
                    

All of the Mortgage Loans were originated by their respective sellers or affiliates thereof, except as described in “—Co-Originated or Third-Party Originated Mortgage Loans” below.

 

Each Mortgage Loan is evidenced by one or more promissory notes or similar evidence of indebtedness (each a “Mortgage Note”) and, in each case, is secured by (or, in the case of an indemnity deed of trust, backed by a guaranty that is secured by) one or more mortgages, deeds of trust or other similar security instruments (each, a “Mortgage”) creating a first lien on a fee simple and/or leasehold interest in one or more commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community real properties (each, a “Mortgaged Property”).

 

The Mortgage Loans are generally non-recourse loans. In the event of a borrower default on a non-recourse Mortgage Loan, recourse may be had only against the specific Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties and the other limited assets securing such Mortgage Loan, and not against the related borrower’s other assets. The Mortgage Loans are not insured or guaranteed by the sponsors, the mortgage loan sellers or any other person or entity unrelated to the respective borrower. You should consider all of the Mortgage Loans to be nonrecourse loans as to which recourse in the case of default will be limited to the specific property and other assets, if any, pledged to secure the related Mortgage Loan.

 

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Co-Originated or Third-Party Originated Mortgage Loans

 

The following Mortgage Loans are component promissory notes of whole loans co-originated by the related mortgage loan seller and another entity or were originated by an unaffiliated third party and transferred to the mortgage loan seller:

 

The Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (3.4%), for which Barclays Bank PLC is the mortgage loan seller, is part of a whole loan that was co-originated by Barclays Bank PLC, Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, and Société Générale. Such Mortgage Loan was underwritten pursuant to the underwriting guidelines for Barclays Bank PLC.

 

The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.0%), for which BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC is the mortgage loan seller, is part of a whole loan that was co-originated by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Column Financial, Inc. and acquired by BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC for inclusion in the Trust. Such Mortgage Loan was underwritten pursuant to the underwriting guidelines for BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC.

 

The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Mortgage Loan (2.7%), for which Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC is the mortgage loan seller, is part of a whole loan that was co-originated by Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC and Citi Real Estate Funding Inc. Such Mortgage Loan was underwritten pursuant to the underwriting guidelines for Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC.

 

The Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (2.4%), for which Wells Fargo Bank, National Association is the mortgage loan seller, is part of a whole loan that was co-originated by Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association and Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. and was underwritten pursuant to Wells Fargo Bank, National Association’s underwriting guidelines.

 

The Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.5%), for which Barclays Bank PLC is the mortgage loan seller, is part of a whole loan that was co-originated by Barclays Bank PLC, Citi Real Estate Funding Inc. and Cantor Commercial Real Estate Lending, L.P. Such Mortgage Loan was underwritten pursuant to the underwriting guidelines for Barclays Bank PLC.

 

The Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%), for which Barclays Bank PLC is the mortgage loan seller, is part of a whole loan that was co-originated by Barclays Bank PLC and Bank of America, N.A. Such Mortgage Loan was underwritten pursuant to the underwriting guidelines for Barclays Bank PLC.

 

Certain Calculations and Definitions

 

This prospectus sets forth certain information with respect to the Mortgage Loans and the Mortgaged Properties. The sum in any column of the tables presented in Annex A-2 or Annex A-3 may not equal the indicated total due to rounding. The information in Annex A-1 with respect to the Mortgage Loans (or Whole Loans, if applicable) and the Mortgaged Properties is based upon the pool of the Mortgage Loans as it is expected to be constituted as of the close of business on December 20, 2018 (the “Closing Date”), assuming that (i) all scheduled principal and interest payments due on or before the Cut-off Date will be made and (ii) there will be no principal prepayments on or before the Closing Date. The statistics in Annex A-1, Annex A-2 and Annex A-3 were primarily derived from information provided

 

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to the depositor by each sponsor, which information may have been obtained from the borrowers.

 

From time to time, a particular Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan may be identified in this prospectus by name (for example, the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan or the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan); when that occurs, we are referring to the Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan, as the case may be, secured by the Mortgaged Property or portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified by that name on Annex A-1 to this prospectus. From time to time, a particular Companion Loan may be identified by name (for example, the Fair Oaks Mall Companion Loan); when that occurs, we are referring to the (or, if applicable, an individual) Companion Loan secured by the Mortgaged Property or portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified by that name on Annex A-1 to this prospectus. From time to time, a particular Mortgaged Property may be identified in this prospectus by name (for example, the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property); when that occurs, we are referring to the Mortgaged Property identified by that name on Annex A-1 to this prospectus.

 

All percentages of the Mortgage Loans and Mortgaged Properties, or of any specified group of Mortgage Loans and Mortgaged Properties, referred to in this prospectus without further description are approximate percentages of the Initial Pool Balance by Cut-off Date Balances and/or the allocated loan amount allocated to such Mortgaged Properties as of the Cut-off Date.

 

All information presented in this prospectus with respect to each Mortgage Loan with one or more Pari Passu Companion Loans is calculated in a manner that reflects the aggregate indebtedness evidenced by that Mortgage Loan and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s), unless otherwise indicated. All information presented in this prospectus with respect to each Mortgage Loan with a related Subordinate Companion Loan is calculated without regards to any such Subordinate Companion Loan, unless otherwise indicated.

 

Definitions

 

For purposes of this prospectus, including the information presented in the Annexes, the indicated terms have the following meanings:

 

ADR” means, for any hotel property, average daily rate.

 

Annual Debt Service” generally means, for any Mortgage Loan, 12 times the average of the principal and interest payments for the first 12 payment periods of the Mortgage Loan following the Cut-off Date, provided that:

 

in the case of a Mortgage Loan that provides for interest-only payments through maturity, Annual Debt Service means the aggregate interest payments scheduled to be due on the Due Date following the Cut-off Date and the 11 Due Dates thereafter for such Mortgage Loan; and

 

in the case of a Mortgage Loan that provides for an initial interest-only period and provides for scheduled amortization payments after the expiration of such interest-only period prior to the maturity date or the Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable, Annual Debt Service means 12 times the monthly payment of principal and interest payable during the amortization period.

 

Monthly debt service and the debt service coverage ratios are also calculated using the average of the principal and interest payments for the first 12 payment periods of the Mortgage Loan following the Cut-off Date, subject to the proviso to the prior sentence. In the case of any Whole Loan, Annual Debt Service is calculated with respect to the Mortgage

 

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Loan including any related Companion Loan(s) (other than any related Subordinate Companion Loan). Annual Debt Service is calculated with regard to the related Mortgage Loan included in the issuing entity only, unless otherwise indicated. With respect to the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%) and the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%), the Annual Debt Service is calculated based on the sum of the first 12 principal and interest payments based on the assumed principal payment schedules set forth on Annex A-4 and Annex A-5, respectively.

 

Appraised Value” means, for any Mortgaged Property, the appraiser’s adjusted value of such Mortgaged Property as determined by the most recent third party appraisal of the Mortgaged Property available to the related mortgage loan seller as set forth under “Appraised Value” on Annex A-1. The Appraised Value set forth on Annex A-1 is the “as-is” value unless otherwise specified in this prospectus, on Annex A-1 and/or the related footnotes. In certain cases, the appraisals state values other than “as-is” as well as the “as-is” value for the related Mortgaged Property that assume that certain events will occur with respect to the re-tenanting, construction, renovation or repairs at such Mortgaged Property. In most such cases, the related appraisals take into account the reserves that the mortgage loan seller has taken to complete such re-tenanting, construction, renovation or repairs. We make no representation that sufficient amounts have been reserved or that the appraised value would approximate either the value that would be determined in a current appraisal of the related Mortgaged Property or the amount that would be realized upon a sale. In addition, with respect to certain of the Mortgage Loans secured by a portfolio of Mortgaged Properties, the Appraised Value represents the “as-is” value, or values other than “as-is” for the portfolio of Mortgaged Properties as a collective whole, which is generally higher than the aggregate of the “as-is” or appraised values other than “as-is” of the individual Mortgaged Properties or values based on a portfolio of Mortgaged Properties rather than the value of each individual Mortgaged Property. For more information see the definition of “LTV Ratio” and the table and related discussion below. In the case of certain of the Mortgage Loans, the LTV Ratio for such Mortgage Loans has been calculated based on values other than the “as-is” Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property, and in certain other cases, based on an Appraised Value that includes certain property that does not qualify as real property. For additional information, see the table in the definition of LTV Ratio below. With respect to any Mortgage Loan that is a part of a Whole Loan, the Appraised Value is based on the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property that secures the entire Whole Loan.

 

Cash Flow Analysis” is, with respect to one or more of the Mortgaged Properties securing a Mortgage Loan among the 15 largest Mortgage Loans, a summary presentation of certain adjusted historical financial information provided by the related borrower, and a calculation of the Underwritten Net Cash Flow expressed as (a) ”Effective Gross Income” minus (b) ”Total Operating Expenses” and underwritten replacement reserves and (if applicable) tenant improvements and leasing commissions. For this purpose:

 

Effective Gross Income” means, with respect to any Mortgaged Property, the revenue derived from the use and operation of that property, less allowances for vacancies, concessions and credit losses. The “revenue” component of such calculation was generally determined on the basis of the information described with respect to the “revenue” component described under “Underwritten Net Cash Flow” below. In general, any non-recurring revenue items and non-property related revenue are eliminated from the calculation of Effective Gross Income.

 

Total Operating Expenses” means, with respect to any Mortgaged Property, all operating expenses associated with that property, including, but not limited to, utilities, administrative expenses, repairs and maintenance, management fees,

  

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advertising costs, insurance premiums, real estate taxes and (if applicable) ground rent. Such expenses were generally determined on the basis of the same information as the “expense” component described under “Underwritten Net Cash Flow” below.

 

To the extent available, selected historical income, expenses and net income associated with the operation of the related Mortgaged Property securing each Mortgage Loan appear in each cash flow summary contained in Annex A-3 to this prospectus. Such information is one of the sources (but not the only source) of information on which calculations of Underwritten Net Cash Flow are based. The historical information presented is derived from audited and/or unaudited financial statements provided by the borrowers. The historical information in the cash flow summaries reflects adjustments made by the mortgage loan seller to exclude certain items contained in the related financial statements that were not considered in calculating Underwritten Net Cash Flow and is presented in a different format from the financial statements to show a comparison to the Underwritten Net Cash Flow. In general, solely for purposes of the presentation of historical financial information, the amount set forth under the caption “gross income” consists of the “total revenues” set forth in the applicable financial statements (including (as and to the extent stated) rental revenues, tenant reimbursements and recovery income (and, in the case of hospitality properties and certain other property types, parking income, telephone income, food and beverage income, laundry income and other income), with adjustments to exclude amounts recognized on the financial statements under a straight-line method of recognizing rental income (including increases in minimum rents and rent abatements) from operating leases over their lives and items indicated as extraordinary or one-time revenue collections or considered nonrecurring in property operations. The amount set forth under the caption “expenses” in the historical financial information consists of the total expenses set forth in the applicable financial statements, with adjustments to exclude allocated parent company expenses, restructuring charges and charges associated with employee severance and termination benefits, interest expenses paid to company affiliates or unrelated third parties, charges for depreciation and amortization and items indicated as extraordinary or one-time losses or considered nonrecurring in property operations.

 

The selected historical information presented in the cash flow summaries is derived from audited and/or unaudited financial statements furnished by the respective borrowers which have not been verified by the depositor, any underwriters, the mortgage loan sellers or any other person. Audits or other verification of such financial statements could result in changes thereto, which could in turn result in the historical net income presented herein being overstated or understated.

 

The “Cut-off Date Balance” of any Mortgage Loan, will be the unpaid principal balance of that Mortgage Loan, as of the Cut-off Date for such Mortgage Loan, after application of all payments due on or before that date, whether or not received.

 

An “LTV Ratio” for any Mortgage Loan, as of any date of determination, is a fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is the scheduled principal balance of the Mortgage Loan as of that date (assuming no defaults or prepayments on the Mortgage Loan prior to that date), and the denominator of which is the “as-is” Appraised Value (including “as-is” Appraised Values that reflect a portfolio premium) as determined by an appraisal of the Mortgaged Property obtained at or about the time of the origination of the related Mortgage Loan (or, in the case of each of the Mortgage Loans as shown in the table below, a value other than the “as-is” Appraised Value).

 

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Mortgage Loan
Name

% of Initial
Pool
Balance

Cut-off
Date LTV
Ratio (Other
Than “As-Is”)

Maturity
Date
LTV
Ratio
(Other Than “As-Is”)

Appraised
Value
(Other Than
“As-Is”)

Cut-off
Date LTV
Ratio
(“As-Is”)

Maturity
Date LTV
Ratio
(“As-Is”)

“As-Is”
Appraised
Value

Starwood Hotel Portfolio(1) 3.6% 66.1% 66.1% $ 401,000,000 70.2% 70.2% $ 377,700,000
Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio(2) 1.8% 69.0% 59.6% $ 130,400,000 69.6% 60.0% $ 129,400,000
Hampton Inn & Suites – Sterling Heights(3) 0.9% 58.1% 48.9% $   12,900,000 63.6% 53.5% $   11,800,000

 

(1)The Appraised Value represents an “as-is portfolio” appraised value, which reflects a 6.2% premium attributed to the aggregate “as-is” value of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgaged Properties as a whole.

 

(2)The Appraised Value of the Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property reflects the value of $45,600,000 as of August 2019, which assumed that 50.0% of the expected PIP work ($1,000,000) would be escrowed. The appraiser concluded an as-is appraised value without the PIP assumption of $44,600,000. At closing, the borrowers deposited certain upfront PIP reserves as described under “—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Redevelopment, Renovation and Expansion”, which represent 50.0% of the engineer’s updated estimated costs of the PIP work.

 

(3)The Appraised Value represents an “As-Stabilized” value as of January 1, 2019, which assumes that $443,900 in PIP renovations will be completed by the borrower between April 2018 and January 1, 2019. At loan origination, the borrower deposited $161,450 into a PIP Reserve, which represents the remaining amount of the PIP renovations to be completed.

 

The LTV Ratio as of the related maturity date or, if applicable, the Anticipated Repayment Date, set forth in Annex A-2 was calculated based on the principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan on the related maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date, as the case may be, assuming all principal payments required to be made on or prior to the related maturity date or, if applicable, the Anticipated Repayment Date (in either case, not including the Maturity Date Balloon or ARD Payment) are made. In addition, because it is based on the value of a Mortgaged Property determined as of loan origination, the information set forth in this prospectus in Annex A-1 and in Annex A-2 is not necessarily a reliable measure of the related borrower’s current equity in each Mortgaged Property. In a declining real estate market, the appraised value of a Mortgaged Property could have decreased from the appraised value determined at origination and the current actual LTV Ratio of a Mortgage Loan and the LTV Ratio at maturity or anticipated repayment date may be higher than its LTV Ratio at origination even after taking into account amortization since origination. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property”.

 

In the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, unless otherwise indicated, LTV Ratios with respect to such Mortgage Loan were calculated including any related Companion Loan(s) (except that, in the case of a Mortgage Loan with a Subordinate Companion Loan, LTV Ratios were calculated without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan).

 

The characteristics described above and in Annex A-2, along with certain additional characteristics of the Mortgage Loans presented on a loan-by-loan basis, are set forth in Annex A-1.

 

Cut-off Date Loan-to-Value Ratio” or “Cut-off Date LTV Ratio” generally means the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the Cut-off Date Balance of a Mortgage Loan to the Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties determined as described under “—Appraised Value” in this prospectus. See also the footnotes to Annex A-1 in this prospectus. Because the Appraised Values of the Mortgaged Properties were determined prior to origination, the information set forth in this prospectus, including the Annexes hereto, is not necessarily a reliable measure of property value or the related

 

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borrower’s current equity in each Mortgaged Property. In a declining real estate market, the appraised value of a Mortgaged Property may have decreased from the appraised value determined at origination and the current actual Cut-off Date loan-to-value ratio of a Mortgage Loan may be higher than the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio that we present in this prospectus, even after taking into account any amortization since origination. No representation is made that any Appraised Value presented in this prospectus would approximate either the value that would be determined in a current appraisal of the related Mortgaged Property or the amount that would be realized upon a sale of that property. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property” in this prospectus. In the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, the related Cut-off Date LTV Ratio was calculated based on the aggregate principal balance of the Mortgage Loan and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) (but excluding any related Subordinate Companion Loan) as of the Cut-off Date.

 

With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan (4.6%), the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan (2.2%) and the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan (1.4%), each such Mortgage Loan has a Cut-off Date LTV Ratio calculated based on the related Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio including the related earnout reserve is 60.0%. With respect to the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan, the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio including the related holdback reserve is 74.7%. With respect to the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan, the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio including the related earnout reserve is 69.3%. See “Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Escrows”.

 

Debt Service Coverage Ratio”, “DSCR”, “Underwritten Net Cash Flow Debt Service Coverage Ratio”, “Underwritten Debt Service Coverage Ratio”, “U/W NCF DSCR” or “U/W DSCR” generally means the ratio of the Underwritten Net Cash Flow for the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties to the Annual Debt Service as shown on Annex A-1 to this prospectus.

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow Debt Service Coverage Ratios for all partial interest-only loans, if any, were calculated based on the first principal and interest payment required to be made to the issuing entity during the term of the Mortgage Loan, and the Underwritten Net Cash Flow Debt Service Coverage Ratio for all interest-only loans were calculated based on the sum of the first 12 interest payments following the Cut-off Date. In the case of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%) and the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%), the Underwritten Net Cash Flow Debt Service Coverage Ratio was calculated based upon the sum of the first 12 principal and interest payments following the Cut-off Date allocable to each such Mortgage Loan based on the assumed principal payment schedules set forth on Annex A-4 and Annex A-5, respectively.

 

In the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, such debt service coverage ratio was calculated based on the aggregate Annual Debt Service of the Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) (but excluding any related Subordinate Companion Loan).

 

In general, debt service coverage ratios are used by income property lenders to measure the ratio of (a) cash currently generated by a property or expected to be generated by a property based upon executed leases that is available for debt service to (b) required debt service payments. However, debt service coverage ratios only measure the current, or recent, ability of a property to service mortgage debt. If a property does not possess a stable operating expectancy (for instance, if it is subject to material leases that are scheduled to expire during the loan term and that provide for above-market rents and/or that may be difficult to replace), a debt service coverage ratio may not be a reliable

 

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indicator of a property’s ability to service the mortgage debt over the entire remaining loan term. See the definition of “Underwritten Net Cash Flow” below.

 

The Underwritten Debt Service Coverage Ratios presented in this prospectus appear for illustrative purposes only and, as discussed above, are limited in their usefulness in assessing the current, or predicting the future, ability of a Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties to generate sufficient cash flow to repay the related Mortgage Loan. No representation is made that the Underwritten Debt Service Coverage Ratios presented in this prospectus accurately reflect that ability.

 

With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan (4.6%), the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan (2.2%) and the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan (1.4%), each such Mortgage Loan has an U/W NCF DSCR calculated based on the related Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, the U/W NCF DSCR including the related earnout reserve is 1.73x. With respect to the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan, the U/W NCF DSCR including the related holdback reserve is 1.31x. With respect to the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan, the U/W NCF DSCR including the related holdback reserve is 1.27x. See “Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Escrows”.

 

GLA” means gross leasable area.

 

In-Place Cash Management” means, for funds directed into a lockbox, such funds are generally not made immediately available to the related borrower, but instead are forwarded to a cash management account controlled by the lender and the funds are disbursed according to the related Mortgage Loan documents with any excess remitted to the related borrower (unless an event of default under the Mortgage Loan documents or one or more specified trigger events have occurred and are outstanding) generally on a daily basis.

 

Loan Per Unit” means the principal balance per unit of measure (as applicable) as of the Cut-off Date. With respect to any Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, the Loan Per Unit is calculated with regard to both the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) and the related Mortgage Loan, but without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan, unless otherwise indicated.

 

LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD”, “LTV Ratio at Maturity or Anticipated Repayment Date” and “Balloon or ARD LTV Ratio” generally means the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of (a) the principal balance of a Mortgage Loan scheduled to be outstanding on the stated maturity date (or, in the case of an ARD Loan, scheduled to be outstanding on the Anticipated Repayment Date), assuming (among other things) no prepayments or defaults, to (b) the Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties determined as described under “—Appraised Value”. Each Mortgage Loan requires that a regular monthly debt service payment be made on the stated maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable, and accordingly the principal balance referenced in clause (a) of the immediately preceding sentence will be net of the principal portion, if any, of the monthly debt service payment due on such date. Because the Appraised Values of the Mortgaged Properties were determined prior to origination, the information set forth in this prospectus, including the Annexes hereto, is not necessarily a reliable measure of the related borrower’s current equity in each Mortgaged Property. In a declining real estate market, the appraised value of a Mortgaged Property may have decreased from the appraised value determined at origination and the actual loan-to-value ratio at maturity of a Mortgage Loan may be higher than the LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD that we present in this prospectus. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Appraisals May Not

 

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Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property” in this prospectus. In the case of each Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, unless otherwise indicated, such loan-to-value ratio was calculated based on the aggregate principal balance that will be due at maturity (or, in the case of an ARD Loan, scheduled to be outstanding on the Anticipated Repayment Date) with respect to such Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s), but without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan.

 

With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan (4.6%), the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan (2.2%) and the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan (1.4%), each such Mortgage Loan has an LTV Ratio at Maturity calculated based on the related Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, the LTV Ratio at Maturity including the related earnout reserve is 60.0%. With respect to the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan, the LTV Ratio at Maturity including the related holdback reserve is 69.3%. With respect to the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan, the LTV Ratio at Maturity including the related holdback reserve is 64.1%. See “Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Escrows”.

 

Maturity Date Balloon or ARD Payment” or “Balloon or ARD Payment” means, for any balloon Mortgage Loan or ARD Loan, the payment of principal due upon its stated maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date. Each Mortgage Loan requires that a regular monthly debt service payment be made on the stated maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable, and accordingly the payment of principal referenced in the immediately preceding sentence will be net of the principal portion, if any, of the monthly debt service payment due on such date.

 

Net Operating Income” generally means, for any given period, the total operating revenues derived from a Mortgaged Property during that period, minus the total operating expenses incurred in respect of that Mortgaged Property during that period other than:

 

non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization,

 

capital expenditures, and

 

debt service on the related Mortgage Loan or on any other loans that are secured by that Mortgaged Property.

 

NRA” means net rentable area.

 

Occupancy Rate” means (i) in the case of multifamily rental properties and manufactured housing community properties, the percentage of rental units, pads or beds, as applicable, that are rented (generally without regard to the length of the lease or rental period) as of the date of determination; (ii) in the case of office, retail and industrial/warehouse properties, the percentage of the net rentable square footage rented as of the date of determination (subject to, in the case of certain Mortgage Loans, one or more of the additional lease-up assumptions); (iii) in the case of hospitality properties, the percentage of available rooms occupied for the trailing 12-month period ending on the date of determination; and (iv) in the case of self storage facilities, either the percentage of the net rentable square footage rented or the percentage of units rented as of the date of determination, depending on borrower reporting. In the case of some of the Mortgage Loans, the calculation of Occupancy Rate for one or more related properties was based on assumptions regarding occupancy, such as: the assumption that a particular tenant at the subject Mortgaged Property that has executed a lease (or, in some cases, a letter of intent to execute a lease), but has not yet taken occupancy and/or has not yet commenced paying rent, will take occupancy on a future date generally expected to occur within 12 months of

 

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the Cut-off Date; assumptions regarding the renewal of particular leases and/or the re-leasing of certain space at the subject Mortgaged Property; and certain additional lease-up assumptions as may be described in the footnotes to Annex A-1 to this prospectus. For information regarding the determination of the occupancy rates with respect to the 15 largest Mortgage Loans, see the individual Mortgage Loan and portfolio descriptions in Annex A-3.

 

Occupancy As Of Date” means the date of determination of the Occupancy Rate of a Mortgaged Property.

 

Prepayment Provisions” denotes a general summary of the provisions of a Mortgage Loan that restrict the ability of the related borrower to voluntarily prepay the Mortgage Loan. In each case, some exceptions may apply that are not described in the general summary, such as provisions that permit a voluntary partial prepayment in connection with the release of a portion of a Mortgaged Property, or require the application of tenant holdback reserves or performance escrows following failure to satisfy release conditions to a partial prepayment, in each case notwithstanding any lockout period or yield maintenance charge that may otherwise apply. In describing Prepayment Provisions, we use the following symbols with the indicated meanings:

 

D(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which voluntary prepayments of principal are prohibited, but the related borrower is permitted to defease that Mortgage Loan in order to obtain a release of the related Mortgaged Property.

 

L(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which voluntary prepayments of principal are prohibited and defeasance is not permitted.

 

O(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which prepayments of principal are permitted without the payment of any Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge and the lender is not entitled to require a defeasance in lieu of prepayment.

 

YM(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which prepayments of principal are permitted with the payment of a Yield Maintenance Charge and the lender is not entitled to require a defeasance in lieu of prepayment.

 

D or @%(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which the related borrower is permitted to defease that Mortgage Loan in order to obtain a release of the related Mortgaged Property and during which prepayments of principal are permitted with the payment of a Prepayment Premium (equal to @% of the prepaid amount).

 

D or YM(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which the related borrower is permitted to defease that Mortgage Loan in order to obtain a release of the related Mortgaged Property and during which prepayments of principal are permitted with the payment of a Yield Maintenance Charge.

 

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D or GRTR of @% or YM(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which the related borrower is permitted to defease that Mortgage Loan in order to obtain a release of the related Mortgaged Property and during which prepayments of principal are permitted with the payment of the greater of a Yield Maintenance Charge and a Prepayment Premium (equal to @% of the prepaid amount).

 

GRTR of @% or YM(#)” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, a specified number of monthly payment periods (which number is denoted by a numeric value #) during which prepayments of principal are permitted with the payment of the greater of a Yield Maintenance Charge and a Prepayment Premium (equal to @% of the prepaid amount) and the lender is not entitled to require a defeasance in lieu of prepayment.

 

Remaining Term to Maturity or ARD” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the number of months from the Cut-off Date to the related stated maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date.

 

RevPAR” means, with respect to any hotel property, revenue per available room.

 

Square Feet”, “SF” or “Sq. Ft.” means, in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as a retail center, office, self storage or industrial/warehouse facility, any other single-purpose property or any combination of the foregoing, the square footage of the net rentable or leasable area.

 

T-12” and “TTM” each means trailing 12 months.

 

Term to Maturity” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the remaining term, in months, from the Cut-off Date for such Mortgage Loan to the related maturity date or, in the case of an ARD Loan, the related Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable. Annex A-1 indicates which Mortgage Loans are ARD Loans.

 

Underwritten Expenses” or “U/W Expenses” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan or Mortgaged Property, an estimate of (a) operating expenses (such as utilities, administrative expenses, repairs and maintenance, management and franchise fees and advertising); and (b) estimated fixed expenses (such as insurance, real estate taxes and, if applicable, ground, space or air rights lease payments), as determined by the related mortgage loan seller and generally derived from historical expenses at the Mortgaged Property, the borrower’s budget or appraiser’s estimate, in some cases adjusted for significant occupancy increases and a market rate management fee and subject to certain assumptions and subjective judgments of each mortgage loan seller as described under the definition of “Underwritten Net Operating Income” below.

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow”, “Underwritten NCF”, “U/W Net Cash Flow” or “U/W NCF” means an amount based on assumptions relating to cash flow available for debt service. In general, it is the Underwritten Net Operating Income less all reserves for capital expenditures, including tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions. Underwritten Net Cash Flow generally does not reflect interest expenses, non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization and other non-reoccurring expenses.

 

In determining the “revenue” component of Underwritten Net Cash Flow for each Mortgaged Property, the related mortgage loan seller generally relied on a rent roll and/or other known, signed tenant leases, executed extension options, property financial

 

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statements, estimates in the related appraisal, or other indications of anticipated income (generally supported by market considerations, cash reserves or letters of credit) supplied by the related borrower and, where the actual vacancy shown thereon and, if available, the market vacancy was less than 5%, assumed a minimum 5% vacancy in determining revenue from rents (in certain cases, inclusive of rents under master leases with an affiliate of the borrower that relate to space not used or occupied by the master lease tenant, or, in the case of a hotel property, room rent, food and beverage revenues and other hotel property income), except that in the case of certain non-multifamily and non-manufactured housing community properties, space occupied by such anchor or single tenants or other large creditworthy tenants may have been disregarded (or a rate of less than 5% has been assumed) in performing the vacancy adjustment due to the length of the related leases or creditworthiness of such tenants. Where the actual or market vacancy was greater than 5%, the mortgage loan seller determined revenue from rents (in certain cases, inclusive of rents under master leases with an affiliate of the borrower that relate to space not used or occupied by the master lease tenant, or, in the case of a hotel property, room rent, food and beverage revenues and other hotel property income) by generally relying on a rent roll and/or other known, signed leases, executed lease extension options, property financial statements, estimates in the related appraisal, or other indications of anticipated income (generally supported by market considerations, cash reserves or letters of credit) supplied and generally (but not in all cases) the greatest of (a) actual current vacancy at the related Mortgaged Property or a vacancy otherwise based on performance of the related Mortgaged Property (e.g., an economic vacancy based on actual collections for a specified trailing period), (b) if available, current vacancy according to third-party-provided market information or at comparable properties in the same or similar market as the related Mortgaged Property, subject to adjustment to address special considerations (such as where market vacancy may have been ignored with respect to space covered by long-term leases or because it was deemed inapplicable by reason of, among other things, below market rents at or unique characteristics of the subject Mortgaged Property) and/or to reflect the appraiser’s conclusion of a supportable or stabilized occupancy rate, and (c) subject to the discussion above, 5%. In some cases involving a multi-property Mortgage Loan, the foregoing vacancy assumptions may be applied to the portfolio of the related Mortgaged Properties in the entirety, but may not apply to each related Mortgaged Property. In addition, for some Mortgaged Properties, the actual vacancy may reflect the average vacancy over the course of a year (or trailing 12-month period). In determining revenue for multifamily, manufactured housing community and self storage properties, the mortgage loan sellers generally reviewed rental revenue shown on the rolling one-to-twelve month (or some combination thereof) operating statements or annualized the rental revenue and reimbursement of expenses shown on rent rolls or operating statements with respect to the prior one-to-twelve-month periods. In the case of hospitality properties, gross receipts were generally determined based upon the average occupancy not to exceed 80% and daily rates based on third-party-provided market information or average daily rates achieved during the prior one-to-three year annual reporting period.

 

In determining the “expense” component of Underwritten Net Cash Flow for each Mortgaged Property, the related mortgage loan seller generally relied on, to the extent available, historical operating statements, full-year or year-to-date financial statements, rolling 12-month operating statements, year-to-date financial statements and/or budgets supplied by the related borrower, as well as estimates in the related appraisal, except that: (i) if tax or insurance expense information more current than that reflected in the financial statements was available and verified, the newer information was generally used; (ii) property management fees were generally assumed to be 1% to 6% (depending on the property type) of effective gross revenue (or, in the case of a hospitality property, gross receipts); (iii) in general, depending on the property type, assumptions were made with

 

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respect to the average amount of reserves for leasing commissions, tenant improvement expenses and capital expenditures; (iv) expenses were assumed to include annual replacement reserves; and (v) recent changes in circumstances at the Mortgaged Properties were taken into account (for example, physical changes that would be expected to reduce utilities costs). Annual replacement reserves were generally underwritten to the suggested replacement reserve amount from an independent, third-party property condition or engineering report, or minimum requirements by property type designated by the mortgage loan seller, and are: (a) in the case of retail, office, self storage and industrial/warehouse properties, generally not more than $0.40 per square foot of net rentable commercial area (and may be zero); (b) in the case of multifamily rental apartments, generally not more than approximately $400 per residential unit per year, depending on the condition of the property (and may be zero); (c) in the case of manufactured housing community properties, generally not more than approximately $80 per pad per year, depending on the condition of the property (and may be zero); and (d) in the case of hospitality properties, generally 4% to 5%, inclusive, of gross revenues (and may be zero). In addition, in some cases, the mortgage loan seller recharacterized as capital expenditures items that are reported by borrowers as operating expenses (thus increasing the “net cash flow”).

 

Historical operating results may not be available for Mortgaged Properties with newly constructed improvements, Mortgaged Properties with triple-net leases, Mortgaged Properties that have recently undergone substantial renovations and newly acquired Mortgaged Properties. In such cases, items of revenue and expense used in calculating Underwritten Net Cash Flow were generally derived from rent rolls, estimates set forth in the related appraisal, leases with tenants, other third-party-provided market information or from other borrower-supplied information. We cannot assure you with respect to the accuracy of the information provided by any borrowers, or the adequacy of the procedures used by the related mortgage loan seller in determining the presented operating information.

 

For purposes of calculating Underwritten Net Cash Flow for Mortgage Loans where leases have been executed by one or more affiliates of the borrower, the rents under some of such leases, if applicable, have been adjusted downward to reflect market rents for similar properties if the rent actually paid under the lease was significantly higher than the market rent for similar properties.

 

The amounts described as revenue and expense above are often highly subjective values. In the case of some of the Mortgage Loans, the calculation of Underwritten Net Cash Flow for the related Mortgaged Properties was based on assumptions regarding projected rental income, expenses and/or occupancy, including, without limitation, one or more of the following: (i) the assumption that a particular tenant at a Mortgaged Property that has executed a lease or letter of intent, but has not yet taken occupancy and/or has not yet commenced paying rent, will take occupancy and commence paying rent on a future date generally expected to occur within 12 months of the Cut-off Date; (ii) the assumption that certain rental income that is to be payable commencing on a future date under a signed lease, but where the subject tenant is in an initial rent abatement or free rent period, will be paid commencing on such future date; (iii) assumptions regarding the probability of renewal or extension of particular leases and/or the re-leasing of certain space at a Mortgaged Property and the anticipated effect on capital and re-leasing expenditures; (iv) assumptions regarding the costs and expenses, including leasing commissions and tenant improvements, associated with leasing vacant space or releasing occupied space at a future date; and (v) assumptions regarding future increases or decreases in expenses, or whether certain expenses are capital expenses or should be treated as expenses which are not recurring. In addition, in the case of some commercial properties, the underwritten revenues were

 

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adjusted upward to account for a portion or average of the additional rents provided for under any rent step-ups scheduled to occur over the terms of the executed leases. We cannot assure you that the assumptions made with respect to any Mortgage Loan will, in fact, be consistent with actual property performance. Actual annual net cash flow for a Mortgaged Property may be less than the Underwritten Net Cash Flow presented with respect to that property in this prospectus. In addition, the underwriting analysis of any particular Mortgage Loan as described herein by a particular mortgage loan seller may not conform to an analysis of the same property by other persons or entities.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Flawed Assumptions” in this prospectus. See also Annex A-1 and the footnotes thereto.

 

Underwritten NCF Debt Yield” or “U/W NCF Debt Yield” generally means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the related Underwritten NCF divided by the Cut-off Date Balance of that Mortgage Loan. However, in the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, unless otherwise indicated, such debt yield was calculated based on the aggregate principal balance of such Mortgage Loan and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) as of the Cut-off Date (and, for the avoidance of doubt, without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan).

 

With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan (4.6%), the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan (2.2%) and the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan (1.4%), each such Mortgage Loan has an Underwritten NCF Debt Yield calculated based on the related Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, the Underwritten NCF Debt Yield including the related earnout reserve is 8.5%. With respect to the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan, the Underwritten NCF Debt Yield including the related holdback reserve is 8.8%. With respect to the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan, the Underwritten NCF Debt Yield including the related holdback reserve is 8.4%. See “Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Escrows”.

 

Underwritten Net Operating Income”, “Underwritten NOI”, “U/W Net Operating Income” or “U/W NOI” means an amount based on assumptions of the cash flow available for debt service before deductions for capital expenditures, including replacement reserves, tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions. In general, Underwritten Net Operating Income is the assumed revenue derived from the use and operation of a Mortgaged Property, consisting primarily of rental income, less the sum of (a) assumed operating expenses (such as utilities, administrative expenses, repairs and maintenance, management fees and advertising) and (b) fixed expenses, such as insurance, real estate taxes and, if applicable, ground lease payments. Underwritten Net Operating Income is generally estimated in the same manner as Underwritten Net Cash Flow, except that no deduction is made for capital expenditures, including replacement reserves, tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Flawed Assumptions” in this prospectus.

 

Underwritten Net Operating Income Debt Service Coverage Ratio” or “U/W NOI DSCR” for any Mortgage Loan for any period, as presented in this prospectus, including the tables presented on Annex A-1 and Annex A-2, is the ratio of Underwritten NOI calculated for the related Mortgaged Property to the amount of total Annual Debt Service on such Mortgage Loan except that the Underwritten Net Operating Income Debt Service Coverage Ratio for all partial interest-only loans, if any, was calculated based on the first principal and interest payment required to be made to the issuing entity during the term of the Mortgage Loan.

 

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However, in the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, unless otherwise indicated, such debt service coverage ratio was calculated based on the aggregate Annual Debt Service of the related Mortgage Loan and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) as of the Cut-off Date (and, for the avoidance of doubt, without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan). The Underwritten Net Operating Income Debt Service Coverage Ratios for all interest-only Mortgage Loans were calculated based on the sum of the first 12 interest payments following the Cut-off Date. In the case of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%) and the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%), the Underwritten Net Operating Income Debt Service Coverage Ratio was calculated based upon the sum of the first 12 principal and interest payments following the Cut-off Date allocable to each such Mortgage Loan based on the assumed principal payment schedules set forth on Annex A-4 and Annex A-5, respectively.

 

With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan (4.6%), the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan (2.2%) and the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan (1.4%), each such Mortgage Loan has an U/W NOI DSCR calculated based on the related Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, the U/W NOI DSCR including the related earnout reserve is 1.85x. With respect to the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan, the U/W NOI DSCR including the related holdback reserve is 1.38x. With respect to the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan, the U/W NOI DSCR including the related holdback reserve is 1.29x. See “Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Escrows”.

 

Underwritten NOI Debt Yield” or “U/W NOI Debt Yield” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the related Underwritten NOI divided by the Cut-off Date Balance of that Mortgage Loan. In the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, unless otherwise indicated, such debt yield was calculated based on the aggregate principal balance of such Mortgage Loan and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) as of the Cut-off Date (and, for the avoidance of doubt, without regard to any related Subordinate Companion Loan).

 

With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan (4.6%), the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan (2.2%) and the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan (1.4%), each such Mortgage Loan has an U/W NOI Debt Yield calculated based on the related Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, the U/W NOI Debt Yield including the related earnout reserve is 9.1%. With respect to the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan, the U/W NOI Debt Yield including the related holdback reserve is 9.3%. With respect to the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan, the U/W NOI Debt Yield including the related holdback reserve is 8.5%. See “Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Escrows”.

 

Underwritten Revenues” or “U/W Revenues” with respect to any Mortgage Loan means the gross potential rent (in certain cases, inclusive of rents under master leases with an affiliate of the borrower that relate to space not used or occupied by the master lease tenant, or, in the case of a hotel property, room rent, food and beverage revenues and other hotel property income), subject to the assumptions and subjective judgments of each mortgage loan seller as described under the definition of “Underwritten Net Operating Income” above.

 

Units”, “Rooms” or “Pads” means (a) in the case of certain Mortgaged Properties operated as multifamily housing, the number of apartments, regardless of the size of or number of rooms in such apartment, (b) in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as a hotel property, the number of guest rooms, (c) in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as a manufactured housing community property, the number of pads for

 

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manufactured homes, or (d) in the case of certain Mortgaged Properties operated as self storage properties, the number of self storage units.

 

Weighted Average Mortgage Rate” means the weighted average of the Mortgage Rates as of the Cut-off Date.

 

You should review the footnotes to Annex A-1 in this prospectus for information regarding certain other loan-specific adjustments regarding the calculation of debt service coverage ratio information, loan-to-value ratio information, debt yield information and/or loan per net rentable square foot or unit with respect to certain of the Mortgage Loans.

 

Except as otherwise specifically stated, the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, Underwritten Debt Service Coverage Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD, Underwritten NCF Debt Yield, Underwritten NOI Debt Yield and loan per net rentable square foot or unit statistics with respect to each Mortgage Loan are calculated and presented without regard to any indebtedness other than the Mortgage Loan, whether or not secured by the related Mortgaged Property, ownership interests in the related borrower or otherwise, that currently exists or that may be incurred by the related borrower or its owners in the future.

 

References to “weighted averages” of the Mortgage Loans or any particular sub-group of the mortgage loans are references to averages weighted on the basis of the Cut-off Date Balances of the subject Mortgage Loans.

 

If we present a debt rating for some tenants and not others in the tables, you should assume that the other tenants are not rated and/or have below-investment grade ratings. If a tenant has a rated parent or affiliate, we present the rating of that parent or affiliate, notwithstanding that the parent or affiliate may itself have no obligations under the lease. Presentation of a rating opposite a tenant should not be construed as a statement that the relevant tenant will perform or be able to perform its obligations.

 

The sum in any column of any of the tables in Annex A-2 to this prospectus may not equal the indicated total due to rounding.

 

Historical information presented in this prospectus, including information in Annexes A-1 and A-3 to this prospectus, is derived from audited and/or unaudited financial statements provided by the borrowers. In each case, the historical information is taken from the same source with respect to a Mortgage Loan and subject to the same adjustments and considerations as described above with respect to the 15 largest Mortgage Loans under the definition of “Cash Flow Analysis”.

 

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Mortgage Pool Characteristics

 

Overview

 

Cut-off Date Mortgage Loan Characteristics

 

 

All Mortgage Loans 

Initial Pool Balance(1) $833,933,944
Number of mortgage loans 52
Number of mortgaged properties 95
Range of Cut-off Date Balances $1,500,000 to $66,100,000
Average Cut-off Date Balance $16,037,191
Range of Mortgage Rates 4.121% to 5.980%
Weighted average Mortgage Rate 5.139%
Range of original terms to maturity(2) 60 months to 120 months
Weighted average original term to maturity(2) 116 months
Range of remaining terms to maturity(2) 53 months to 120 months
Weighted average remaining term to maturity(2) 115 months
Range of original amortization terms(3)(4) 264 months to 360 months
Weighted average original amortization term(3)(4) 352 months
Range of remaining amortization terms(3)(4) 264 months to 360 months
Weighted average remaining amortization term(3)(4) 351 months
Range of Cut-off Date LTV Ratios(5)(6)(7) 31.8% to 74.3%
Weighted average Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(5)(6)(7) 60.7%
Range of LTV Ratios as of the maturity date(2)(5)(6)(7) 29.7% to 67.3%
Weighted average LTV Ratio as of the maturity date(2)(5)(6)(7) 56.1%
Range of U/W NCF DSCRs(5)(7)(8) 1.25x to 3.68x
Weighted average U/W NCF DSCR(5)(7)(8) 1.81x
Range of U/W NOI Debt Yields(5)(7) 7.3% to 18.4%
Weighted average U/W NOI Debt Yield(5)(7) 11.1%
Percentage of Initial Pool Balance consisting of:  
Interest-only, Balloon 46.4%
Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon 26.8%
Amortizing Balloon 21.6%
Amortizing ARD 3.5%
Interest-only, ARD 1.7%

 

 

(1)Subject to a permitted variance of plus or minus 5%.

 

(2)With respect to two (2) Mortgage Loans with an Anticipated Repayment Date, secured by the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Franklin Towne Center and Home Depot Technology Center, representing approximately 5.2% of the Initial Pool Balance, calculated as of the related Anticipated Repayment Date.

 

(3)Excludes twenty-one (21) Mortgage Loans (48.1%) that are interest-only for the entire term or until the Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable.

 

(4)With respect to the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%) and the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%), each such Mortgage Loan will amortize based on the assumed principal payment schedules set forth on Annex A-4 and Annex A-5, respectively.

 

(5)In the case of each of the Riverworks Mortgage Loan (4.6%), the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan (2.2%) and the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan (1.4%), the debt service coverage ratio, loan-to-value ratio and debt yield have been calculated based on the related Cut-off Date Balance less a related earnout or holdback reserve. With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, the U/W NCF DSCR, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD and U/W NOI Debt Yield including the related earnout reserve are 1.73x, 60.0%, 60.0% and 9.1%, respectively. With respect to the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan, the U/W NCF DSCR, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD and U/W NOI Debt Yield including the related holdback reserve are 1.31x, 74.7%, 69.3% and 9.3%, respectively. With respect to the Kennedy Road Marketplace Mortgage Loan, the U/W NCF DSCR, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD and U/W NOI Debt Yield including the related holdback reserve are 1.27x, 69.3%, 64.1% and 8.5%, respectively. See “Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Escrows”.

 

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(6)Loan-to-value ratios (such as, for example, the Cut-Off Date LTV Ratio and the LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD) with respect to the Mortgage Loans were generally calculated using “as-is” values as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions” in this prospectus; provided, that with respect to certain Mortgage Loans, the related loan-to-value ratios have been calculated using “as-complete”, “as-stabilized” or similar hypothetical values. In addition, with respect to certain Mortgage Loans secured by multiple Mortgaged Properties, the appraised value may be an “as-portfolio” value that assigns a premium to the value of the Mortgaged Properties as a whole, which value exceeds the sum of their individual appraised values. Such Mortgage Loans are identified under the definition of “LTV Ratio” set forth under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions” in this prospectus. For further information, see Annex A-1 to this prospectus. See also “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Appraised Value” in this prospectus.

 

(7)In the case of eleven (11) Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties or portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown, Starwood Hotel Portfolio, Christiana Mall, Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio, Danbury Commerce Portfolio, Aventura Mall, Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments, Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio, Home Depot Technology Center, Liberty Portfolio and Fair Oaks Mall, representing approximately 30.4% of the Initial Pool Balance, each of which has one or more pari passu companion loans and/or subordinate companion loans that are not included in the issuing entity, the debt service coverage ratio, loan-to-value ratio and debt yield have been calculated including the related pari passu companion loan(s) but excluding any related subordinate companion loan. With respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (3.4%), the related Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD, U/W NCF DSCR and U/W NOI Debt Yield calculated including the related subordinate companion loan are 52.9%, 52.9%, 1.93x and 8.5%, respectively. With respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (2.4%), the related Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD, U/W NCF DSCR and U/W NOI Debt Yield calculated including the related subordinate companion loan are 50.7%, 50.7%, 2.07x and 8.8%, respectively. With respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%), the related Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD, U/W NCF DSCR and U/W NOI Debt Yield calculated including the related subordinate companion loans are 47.3%, 44.2%, 1.64x and 11.6%, respectively.

 

(8)Debt service coverage ratios are calculated using the average of the principal and interest payments for the first twelve payment periods of the Mortgage Loan following the cut-off date; provided that (i) in the case of a Mortgage Loan that provides for interest-only payments through maturity or its Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable, such items are calculated based on the interest payments scheduled to be due on the first due date following the cut-off date and the 11 due dates thereafter for such Mortgage Loan and (ii) in the case of a Mortgage Loan that provides for an initial interest-only period that ends prior to maturity or its Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable, and provides for scheduled amortization payments thereafter, such items are calculated based on the monthly payment of principal and interest payable for the 12 payment periods immediately following the expiration of the interest-only period.

 

The issuing entity will include ten (10) Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 26.7% of the Initial Pool Balance, that represent the obligations of multiple borrowers that are liable (other than by reason of cross-collateralization provisions and/or tenancies-in-common borrower structures) on a joint and several basis for the repayment of the entire indebtedness evidenced by the Mortgage Loan.

 

See also “—Certain Calculations and Definitions” above for important general and specific information regarding the manner of calculation of the underwritten debt service coverage ratios and loan-to-value ratios. See also “—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans” below for important information relating to certain payment and other terms of the Mortgage Loans.

 

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Property Types

 

The table below shows the property type concentrations of the Mortgaged Properties:

 

Property Type Distribution(1)

 

Property Type

Number of
Mortgaged
Properties

Aggregate Cut-off
Date Balance(1)

Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance

Retail 18    $             171,438,431  20.6%
Anchored 6 64,535,000 7.7
Super Regional Mall 3 57,553,431 6.9
Single Tenant(2) 8 47,850,000 5.7
Unanchored 1 1,500,000 0.2
Office 10   $             157,850,538  18.9%
Suburban 8 141,500,538 17.0
Medical 1 8,700,000 1.0
CBD 1 7,650,000 0.9
Industrial $             151,380,000  18.2%
Warehouse/Showroom 1 66,100,000 7.9
Flex 5 55,430,000 6.6
Warehouse 2 23,250,000 2.8
Cold Storage/Manufacturing 1 6,600,000 0.8
Hospitality 29   $             146,337,241  17.5%
Full Service 7 85,452,989 10.2
Limited Service 10 36,595,524 4.4
Extended Stay 6 17,509,692 2.1
Select Service 6 6,779,036 0.8
Multifamily 11   $             128,307,734  15.4%
Garden 7 84,040,234 10.1
Low Rise 3 37,330,000 4.5
Student Housing 1 6,937,500 0.8
Self Storage $               47,720,000    5.7%
Self Storage 9 47,720,000 5.7
Other $               25,000,000    3.0%
Data Center 8 25,000,000 3.0
Mixed Use 1 $                 5,900,000 0.7%
Office/Retail 1 5,900,000 0.7
Total

95  

$             833,933,944

   100.0%

 

 

(1)Because this table presents information relating to Mortgaged Properties and not Mortgage Loans, the information for Mortgage Loans secured by more than one Mortgaged Property is based on allocated loan amounts as set forth in Annex A-1.

 

(2)The Mortgaged Properties or portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio, Walgreens – Georgetown, TX and Safeway – Port Angeles, representing approximately 5.7% of the Initial Pool Balance, are operated as stand-alone, single-tenant retail properties.

 

Retail Properties

 

In the case of the retail properties set forth in the above chart, we note the following:

 

With respect to the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan (3.5%), the Mortgaged Property consists of the borrower’s fee interest in the land and related interests under a net lease for 100% of the net rentable area with the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, Stop & Shop. Stop & Shop, which is no longer in occupancy at the property, entered into a net lease with the borrower in 2005 for a term expiring in 2030 with 11, five-year automatic renewals for purposes of preventing a market competitor from leasing such space. Based on a site visit conducted at the Mortgaged Property, Stop & Shop subleases a majority of the net rentable area at the Mortgaged Property to retail subtenants. Stop & Shop remains responsible for all obligations, including the payment of rent, under the prime lease. The obligations

 

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  under the net lease are guaranteed by Stop & Shop’s parent company, Koninklijke Ahold Delhaize N.V. Payments under the net lease are the sole source of cash flow for the Mortgaged Property. Any default by Stop & Shop under the net lease would adversely affect the borrower’s ability to make payments under the Mortgage Loan. In addition, although the related improvements are owned by the borrower, the lien of the mortgage does not cover the improvements as the borrower is prohibited under the terms of the net lease from mortgaging such improvements. Pursuant to a recorded declaration, the borrower has covenanted not to encumber the improvements and to convey the improvements to the lender upon any foreclosure on the Mortgaged Property or delivery of a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. If the borrower breaches either of these covenants, the Mortgage Loan documents provide full recourse to the borrower and the related guarantor. If the improvements are considered to “secure” the Mortgage Loan pursuant to such declaration under local law before default on the Mortgage Loan became imminent, then the issuing entity will be able to acquire the improvements. However, because a REMIC cannot acquire foreclosed property if a lien did not exist on such property immediately before default on the related loan was imminent, the issuing entity will be required to obtain, prior to acquiring the improvements, an opinion of counsel that the acquisition and ownership of such improvements will not cause the REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC under the REMIC provisions. No assurance can be given that such opinion can be delivered. As a result, if such opinion is not obtainable, in connection with the exercise of remedies following a default, the lender may be required to simultaneously foreclose on the Mortgaged Property and direct the conveyance of the improvements to a third party purchaser, or to sell the Mortgage Loan, which could result in the issuing entity realizing less proceeds than would have occurred had it been able to foreclose on the land and improvements. In addition, in the event of a bankruptcy of the borrower, it is not free from doubt that a bankruptcy court would require the borrower’s covenants under the declaration to be enforced. If not so enforced, the issuing entity could only realize on the land and related interests, but not the improvements.

 

With respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgaged Property (3.4%), Target, the largest tenant at the Mortgaged Property, has the unilateral right to require the borrower to purchase the fee simple title to its improvements at the Mortgaged Property (the “Target Improvements“) from Target for an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the then-current fair market value of the portion of the Mortgaged Property that Target occupies (the “Target Parcel“) and (ii) the unappreciated or unamortized original cost of the Target Parcel and Target Improvements and attached trade fixtures, related replacements and later improvements made (but excluding any unattached trade fixtures and personal property). On or prior to the anticipated date of the conveyance of the Target Improvements, the borrower must execute and deliver to the lender any amendment or modification to the security instrument or similar documents reasonably necessary in order to confirm that the lien of the security instrument and the other Mortgage Loan documents attaches to the Target Improvements, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the lender. Target’s only remedies are (a) specific performance or (b) retaining the put option deposit (10% of the put option price) plus any accrued interest as damages.

 

With respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgaged Property (2.4%), the successor-in-interest to the adjacent Sears parcel, Seritage SRC Finance LLC (“Seritage“) filed suit in 2016 against the borrower in connection with certain developments rights issues, including those affecting the so-called “expansion parcel” at the Mortgaged Property. The parties entered into an interim settlement agreement in August 2016 (the

 

168 

 

 

  Interim Settlement Agreement“) that, among other things, committed the parties to support the respective development applications then pending before the City of Aventura, and allocated financial responsibility for transportation contributions to obtain city approval for increasing available lot coverage. In connection with the origination of the Mortgage Loan, Seritage delivered an estoppel certificate to the borrower and the lender alleging that the borrower’s amendment to an existing declaration of restrictive covenants affecting the Seritage-owned property constituted a breach of the Interim Settlement Agreement, slander of title and a title defect. The borrower disputes the Seritage allegations, and has demanded Seritage re-issue a clean estoppel certificate. The Mortgage Loan documents provide for personal liability to the borrower and guarantors for losses incurred by the lender arising from alleged breaches or defaults as set forth in the Seritage estoppel, including settlement of claims, payment or performance of work or resulting litigation.

 

With respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property (1.1%), Seritage Growth Properties is the owner of a non-collateral anchor box that was formerly 100% leased to Sears. Seritage Growth Properties exercised its right to recapture 50% of the Sears premises and, in late 2016, Sears consolidated its operations into the lower half of the anchor box. Seritage Growth Properties is in the process of re-positioning the recaptured Sears space and has signed leases with two tenants who are expected to commence construction in mid-2018, with anticipated opening dates in early 2019.

 

With respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property (1.1%), the related loan documents permit the borrower to request that the lender consent to a termination of the lease for collateral anchor tenant Macy’s, the only anchor of the five that is collateral for the related Whole Loan, which consent may be granted in the lender’s sole and absolute discretion and may be subject to certain conditions to be determined by the lender, including: (i) the existence of no event of default; (ii) prior to the termination, the borrower delivering executed non-binding letters of intent with replacement tenants for at least 35% of the leasable area of the Macy’s space and providing for total annual rents of not less than $550,000; (iii) prior to the termination, the borrower depositing cash or a letter of credit into a designated reserve fund in an amount equal to the product of (a) $91,667 multiplied by (b) the number of months remaining from the date of termination of the lease through February 1, 2026; (iv) prior to the termination, the borrower depositing cash or a letter of credit in an amount not less than $10,000,000 for tenant improvement and leasing commissions with respect to the space; and (v) the termination not resulting in a material adverse effect or materially impairing the operation, value or use of the remainder of the Mortgaged Property.

 

With respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property (1.1%), the related borrower may demolish, redevelop, re-tenant and reposition the Macy’s space with the lender’s prior written consent, which may not be unreasonably withheld if the following conditions, among others, are met as reasonably determined by the lender: (i) the existence of no event of default; (ii) the redevelopment not being reasonably expected to result in a material adverse effect or to materially impair the operation, value or use of the remainder of the Mortgaged Property, which condition may be satisfied by certification of the same by the borrower in an officer’s certificate; (iii) the redevelopment does not result in any interruption, reduction or termination in the payment of rents by the tenants at the Mortgaged Property reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect, which condition may be satisfied by certification of

 

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the same by the borrower in an officer’s certificate; (iv) if the aggregate cost of (A) the proposed redevelopment less (B) the excess cash collected due to Macy’s (i) vacating or terminating or giving public notice to do so, (ii) failing to renew, (iii) defaulting beyond applicable notice and cure periods with respect to the payment of rent under its lease, or (iv) becoming involved in bankruptcy proceedings exceeds $13,000,000, the borrower must promptly deliver to the lender the amount of such excess, in the form of cash, U.S. government securities or a letter of credit, as security for the payment of such excess amounts to be applied from time to time to pay the costs of the redevelopment as approved by the lender in its reasonable discretion; (v) prior to demolition of the Macy’s space, the borrower delivering to the lender executed leases with replacement tenants for certain approved uses for at least 65% of the leasable area of the newly redeveloped space and with total rents no less than Macy’s was paying; and (vi) the lender has received a Rating Agency Confirmation.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Retail Properties Have Special Risks”, and “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses” in this prospectus, and “—Specialty Use Concentrations” below.

 

Office Properties

 

In the case of the office properties set forth above, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Office Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”.

 

Industrial Properties

 

In the case of the industrial properties set forth in the above chart, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Industrial Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”.

 

Hospitality Properties

 

In the case of the hospitality properties set forth in the above chart, we note the following:

 

With respect to the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Mortgage Loan (7.2%), approximately 23.2% of the underwritten revenues are comprised of food and beverage revenue.

 

With respect to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.6%), (i) with respect to the Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport Mortgaged Property, two new hotel properties are currently under construction: (a) a 140-room Cambria Suites, which is expected to open in January 2020 and (b) a 150-room Canopy by Hilton, which is expected to be open in October 2019, each of which are expected to be directly competitive with such Mortgaged Property, and (ii) with respect to the Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown Mortgaged Property, two new hotel properties are currently under construction: (a) a 170-room SpringHill Suites, which was expected to open in August 2018 and (b) a 175-room Hyatt Place, which is expected to open in July 2019, each of will be directly competitive with such Mortgaged Property.

 

With respect to the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.8%), the borrower with respect to the Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property entered into a master lease agreement with a borrower affiliate for all portions of the Mortgaged Property where food and beverage operations are located. The master

 

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lease agreement represents a change in the structure of the food and beverage operations at the Mortgaged Property. The lease has no termination options and the expiration date of the initial term is August 31, 2033. The annual base rent beginning on September 1, 2018 is $2,425,000, which will increase every five (5) years by ten percent (10%).

 

With respect to the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.8%), the borrower with respect to the Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property entered into a master lease agreement with a borrower affiliate for all portions of the Mortgaged Property where food and beverage operations are located; provided, that the Garden Grille space is specifically excluded. The master lease agreement represents a change in the structure of the food and beverage operations at the Mortgaged Property. The lease has no termination options and expiration date of the initial term is August 31, 2033. The annual base rent beginning on September 1, 2018 is $900,000, which will increase every five (5) years by ten percent (10%).

 

With respect to the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.8%), the borrowers have not yet obtained a permanent liquor license for the related Mortgaged Properties. However, each borrower has an interim liquor license and makes representations in the Mortgage Loan documents that it will keep and maintain all licenses necessary for the operation of the Mortgaged Properties as a hotel.

 

With respect to the Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs Mortgage Loan (1.4%), there are three hotels that are currently under construction: (i) a 119-room Staybridge Suites which is expected to be completed in the March, 2019; (ii) a 125-room Hyatt House which is expected to be completed in June, 2019; and (iii) a 150-room Springhill Suites which is expected to be completed in September, 2019, each of will be directly competitive with such Mortgaged Property.

 

With respect to the Hampton Inn & Suites – Sterling Heights Mortgage Loan (0.9%), the appraisal identified two properties totaling 199 rooms, located within 2.3 miles of the Mortgaged Property, that have opened within the last seven months and that directly compete with the subject hotel. One such property, the Tru by Hilton, is operated by the sponsor.

 

For more information regarding the 15 largest Mortgage Loans secured by hospitality properties, see the individual Mortgage Loan and portfolio descriptions in Annex A-3 to this prospectus.

 

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The following table shows the breakdown of each Mortgaged Property associated with a hotel brand through a license agreement, franchise agreement, operating agreement or management agreement.

 

Mortgaged Property Name

Cut-off Date Balance by Allocated Loan Amount

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance by Allocated Loan Amount

Expiration/Termination of Related License/ Franchise Agreement, Operating Agreement or Management Agreement

Maturity Date of the Related Mortgage Loan

Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown $ 60,000,000 7.2% 08/27/2032 10/06/2028
Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel $ 3,958,388 0.5% 09/10/2034 09/11/2028
Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel $ 2,678,430 0.3% 12/11/2033 09/11/2028
Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown $ 2,512,510 0.3% 11/21/2029 09/11/2028
Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport $ 2,480,906 0.3% 04/30/2029 09/11/2028
Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront $ 1,785,620 0.2% 05/22/2028 09/11/2028
Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown $ 1,659,205 0.2% 04/19/2037 09/11/2028
Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills $ 1,524,888 0.2% 06/17/2029 09/11/2028
Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale $  1,366,869 0.2% 10/19/2024 09/11/2028
Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium $ 1,335,265 0.2% 07/09/2028 09/11/2028
Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area $ 1,224,651 0.1% 10/18/2024 09/11/2028
Hilton Garden Inn Wichita $ 1,066,632 0.1% 09/30/2029 09/11/2028
Courtyard Norman $ 916,513 0.1% 03/27/2029 09/11/2028
Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre $ 877,008 0.1% 06/10/2032 09/11/2028
Courtyard Salisbury $ 845,404 0.1% 07/07/2026 09/11/2028
Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West $ 837,503 0.1% 09/30/2029 09/11/2028
Residence Inn Rocky Mount $ 837,503 0.1% 08/02/2029 09/11/2028
Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast $ 797,998 0.1% 12/31/2029 09/11/2028
Residence Inn Salisbury $ 790,097 0.1% 04/02/2027 09/11/2028
Courtyard Rocky Mount $ 639,979 0.1% 09/20/2029 09/11/2028
Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio $ 632,078 0.1% 04/17/2029 09/11/2028
Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio $ 632,078 0.1% 10/13/2029 09/11/2028
Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest $ 600,474 0.1% 05/30/2029 09/11/2028
Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront $ 9,754,601 1.2% 08/31/2038 09/06/2028
Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront $ 5,245,399 0.6% 08/31/2038 09/06/2028
Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland $ 14,074,103 1.7% 09/10/2028 10/06/2028
Home2 Suites – Franklin Cool Springs $ 11,900,000 1.4% 09/30/2035 12/11/2028
Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney $ 7,863,138 0.9% 10/31/2033 11/1/2028
Hampton Inn & Suites – Sterling Heights $ 7,500,000 0.9% 09/30/2031 12/1/2028

 

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See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans— Hotel Properties Have Special Risks”, “—Risks Relating to Affiliation with a Franchise or Hotel Management Company” and “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses” in this prospectus, and “—Specialty Use Concentrations” below.

 

Multifamily Properties

 

In the case of the multifamily properties set forth in the above chart, we note the following:

 

With respect to the H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio Mortgage Loan (2.3)%, the borrower sponsor plans to build a townhome and micro-unit projects adjacent to the Mortgaged Property. The Mortgage Loan documents contain anti-poaching restrictions within a 3 mile radius of the Mortgaged Property. The Mortgage Loan is recourse for losses related to the borrower’s failure to comply with the anti-poaching provisions.

 

With respect to the Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Mortgage Loan (1.9%), each of the related Mortgaged Properties is subject to certain affordable housing restrictions in connection with a property tax exemption in place at each of the Mortgaged Properties. Pursuant to a recorded tax regulatory agreement, each Mortgaged Property is required, among other things, to lease (i) at least 75% of its units to households at or below 80% of the area median income and (ii) 20% of its units to households at or below 50% of the area median income. See “—Real Estate and Other Tax Considerations” for additional information.

 

With respect to the Heartland Village Apartments Mortgage Loan (0.8%), the related Mortgaged Property is entirely occupied by college students.

 

With respect to the Willow Ridge Mortgage Loan (0.7%), an affiliate of the borrower owns certain property adjacent to the Mortgaged Property (the “Affiliate-Owned Outparcel“) that is also operated for multifamily purposes. The Mortgage Loan documents contain anti-poaching provisions prohibiting the borrower, guarantor or their affiliates from directly or indirectly soliciting any existing tenant to (i) relocate from the Mortgaged Property to the Affiliate-Owned Outparcel or (ii) execute a lease for space in the Affiliate-Owned Outparcel instead of at the Mortgaged Property. See “—Non-Recourse Carveout Limitations” for additional information.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks”. See also representation and warranty no. 8 in Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto in Annex D-2 to this prospectus (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1 to this prospectus).

 

Self Storage Properties

 

In the case of the self storage properties set forth above, see “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Self Storage Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”.

 

Mixed Use Properties

 

In the case of the mixed use properties set forth in the above chart, see “Risk Factors—Mixed Use Properties Have Special Risks” and “—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses”. See Annex A-1 to this prospectus and the footnotes thereto.

 

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Specialty Use Concentrations

 

Certain Mortgaged Properties have one of the 5 largest tenants by net rentable area that operates its space as a specialty use that may not allow the space to be readily converted to be suitable for another type of tenant, as set forth in the following table.

 

Specialty Use

Number of Mortgaged Properties

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance (by allocated loan amount)

Restaurant/Bakery(1) 8 9.5%
Research and Development Space(2) 3 7.4%
Movie Theater(3) 2 5.8%
Medical i.e., medical, dental, physical therapy or veterinary offices or clinics, outpatient facilities, research or diagnostic laboratories or health management services and/or health professional schools(4) 5 4.3%
Data Center(5) 8 3.0%
Gym, fitness center or a health club(6) 2 1.6%
Grocery store(7) 2 1.0%

 

 

(1)Includes the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as 1000 Windward Concourse, The Tannery, Century Town Center, Kaden Tower, Fairmont Crossing, New London Square, 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road and Rochester Square Shopping Center.

 

(2)Includes the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Riverworks, Danbury Commerce Portfolio - Delaware Commerce Park and Danbury Commerce Portfolio - 34 Executive Drive.

 

(3)Includes the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Christiana Mall and Aventura Mall.

 

(4)Includes the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Century Town Center, Norriton Medical Center, 225 Carolina, Fairmont Crossing and 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road.

 

(5)Includes the portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio.

 

(6)Includes the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Kennedy Road Marketplace and Rochester Square Shopping Center.

 

(7)Includes the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as New London Square and Safeway - Port Angeles.

 

In addition:

 

With respect to the California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.0%), the third and fifth largest tenants at the Daytona Business Park Mortgaged Property, SoCal Custom Rigs, LLC and Swedish Speed, Inc, respectively, operate as auto service centers.

 

With respect to the Rochester Square Shopping Center Mortgaged Property (0.2%), the Mortgaged Property includes a tenant that operates as a dry cleaner with on-site processing.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses” and “—Adverse Environmental Conditions at or Near Mortgaged Properties May Result in Losses”.

 

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Mortgage Loan Concentrations

 

Top Fifteen Mortgage Loans

 

The following table shows certain information regarding the 15 largest Mortgage Loans by Cut-off Date Balance:

 

Loan Name

Mortgage Loan Cut-off Date Balance

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance

Loan per Unit(1)

U/W NCF
DSCR(1)(2)

Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(1)(2)

Property Type

Miami Industrial Portfolio $      66,100,000 7.9% $89 1.77x 63.3% Industrial
Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown $      60,000,000 7.2% $331,950 2.48x 57.9% Hospitality
Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio $      40,000,000 4.8% $460 1.26x 70.3% Retail
Riverworks $      38,629,000 4.6% $192 2.02x 51.2% Office
1000 Windward Concourse $       30,500,000 3.7% $121 1.66x 63.5% Office
Starwood Hotel Portfolio $      30,000,000 3.6% $90,044 2.07x 66.1% Hospitality
Franklin Towne Center $      29,000,000 3.5% $210 1.57x 60.7% Retail
Christiana Mall $      28,000,000 3.4% $434 3.15x 32.5% Retail
Bella at Norcross $      27,000,000 3.2% $84,906 1.30x 64.3% Multifamily
1600 Terrell Mill Road $      26,000,000 3.1% $103 1.30x 65.0% Office
Memphis Industrial Portfolio $      25,600,000 3.1% $55 1.40x 59.5% Industrial
Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio $      25,000,000 3.0% $203 2.50x 54.7% Other
California Mixed Use Portfolio $      24,800,000 3.0% $41 1.39x 62.5% Various
Danbury Commerce Portfolio $      22,800,000 2.7% $81 1.48x 62.2% Industrial
35 Claver Place $      21,330,000 2.6% $484,773 1.35x 66.7% Multifamily
Top 3 Total/Weighted Average

$    166,100,000

19.9%

 

1.90x

63.0%

 
Top 5 Total/Weighted Average

$     235,229,000

28.2%

 

1.89x

61.2%

 
Top 15 Total/Weighted Average

$     494,759,000

59.3%

 

1.83x

60.1%

 
                   

 

(1)In the case of each of the Mortgage Loans that is part of a Whole Loan, the calculation of the Loan per Unit, U/W NCF DSCR and Cut-off Date LTV Ratio for each such Mortgage Loan is calculated based on the principal balance, debt service payment and Underwritten Net Cash Flow for the Mortgage Loan included in the issuing entity and the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) in the aggregate.

 

(2)The U/W NCF DSCR and Cut-off Date LTV Ratio with respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan based on the combined senior notes and subordinate notes totaling $550,000,000 are 1.93x and 52.9%, respectively.

 

See “—Assessment of Property Value and Condition” below for additional information.

 

For more information regarding the 15 largest Mortgage Loans and/or loan concentrations and related Mortgaged Properties, see the individual Mortgage Loan and portfolio descriptions in Annex A-3. Other than with respect to the top 15 Mortgage Loans identified in the table above, each of the other Mortgage Loans represents no more than 2.4% of the Initial Pool Balance.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses”.

 

Multi-Property Mortgage Loans and Related Borrower Mortgage Loans

 

Certain Mortgage Loans set forth in the table below entitled “Multi-Property Mortgage Loans”, representing approximately 28.5% of the Initial Pool Balance are secured by two or more properties. In some cases, however, the amount of the mortgage lien encumbering a particular property or group of those properties may be less than the full amount of indebtedness under the Mortgage Loan, generally to minimize recording tax. In such

 

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instances, the mortgage amount may equal a specified percentage (generally ranging from 100% to 150%, inclusive) of the appraised value or allocated loan amount for the particular Mortgaged Property. This would limit the extent to which proceeds from that property would be available to offset declines in value of the other Mortgaged Properties securing the same Mortgage Loan.

 

The table below shows each individual Mortgage Loan that is secured by two or more Mortgaged Properties.

 

Multi-Property Mortgage Loans(1)

 

Mortgage Loan/Property Portfolio Names

Aggregate Cut-off
Date Balance

 

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance

Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio          40,000,000     4.8%
Starwood Hotel Portfolio                30,000,000   3.6
Memphis Industrial Portfolio                25,600,000   3.1
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio                25,000,000   3.0
California Mixed Use Portfolio                24,800,000   3.0
Danbury Commerce Portfolio                22,800,000   2.7
H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio                19,028,538   2.3
Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments                16,000,000   1.9
Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio                15,000,000   1.8
Liberty Portfolio                12,850,000   1.5
CLC Self Storage Portfolio                6,700,000   0.8
Total

$

    237,778,538

 

28.5%

 

 

(1)Total may not equal the sum of such amounts listed due to rounding.

 

In some cases, an individual Mortgaged Property may be comprised of two or more parcels that may not be contiguous or may be owned by separate borrowers or a portfolio of Mortgaged Properties may be comprised of Mortgaged Properties owned by separate borrowers. For example, with respect to the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan (7.9%), the related Mortgaged Property comprises at least two separate parcels, which are non-contiguous.

 

One (1) group of Mortgage Loans, set forth in the table below entitled “Related Borrower Loans”, representing approximately 2.1% of the Initial Pool Balance, is not cross-collateralized but has borrowers that are related to each other. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses” in addition to Annex A-1 and the related footnotes.

 

The following table shows each group of Mortgage Loans that are not cross-collateralized but have borrowers that are related to each other.

 

Related Borrower Loans(1)

 

Mortgage Loan

 

Number of Mortgaged Properties

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance 

Group 1:             
Buellton Self Storage   1  $ 7,500,000    0.9%
Condor Self Storage of Ojai   1    6,000,000    0.7   
Paso Robles Self Storage   1    4,000,000    0.5   
Total for Group 1: 

3

  $

17,500,000

  

2.1%

 

 

(1)Totals may not equal the sum of such amounts listed due to rounding.

 

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Mortgage Loans with related borrowers are identified under “Affiliated Sponsor” on Annex A-1. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses” in addition to Annex A-1 and the related footnotes.

 

See also representation and warranty no. 42 on Annex D-1 to this prospectus and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 to this prospectus (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1 to this prospectus).

 

Geographic Concentrations

 

The table below shows the states that have concentrations of Mortgaged Properties that secure 5.0% or more of the Initial Pool Balance:

 

Geographic Distribution(1)

 

State

 

Number of Mortgaged Properties

 

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

 

% of Initial Pool Balance

Georgia   8   $ 117,878,205   14.1%
Tennessee   5   $ 107,750,000   12.9%
Florida   4   $ 100,480,906   12.0%
California   10     $ 63,755,189      7.6%
New Jersey   3   $ 46,034,008      5.5%
Massachusetts   2   $ 44,776,000      5.4%
Virginia   7   $ 42,402,167       5.1%

 

 

(1)Because this table presents information relating to Mortgaged Properties and not the Mortgage Loans, the information for any Mortgaged Property that is one of multiple Mortgaged Properties securing a particular Mortgage Loan is based on an allocated loan amount as stated in Annex A-2.

 

The remaining Mortgaged Properties are located throughout 23 other states, with no more than 4.1% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount secured by Mortgaged Properties located in any such jurisdiction.

 

In addition, with respect to the Mortgaged Properties in the Mortgage Pool, we note the following in respect of their geographic concentration:

 

Twelve (12) Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Miami Industrial Portfolio, Riverworks, Starwood Hotel Portfolio – Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport, Christiana Mall, 35 Claver Place, Aventura Mall, Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio, Hampton Inn & Suites – Vineland, Century Town Center, Fairmont Crossing and Heron Lakes Apartments, securing approximately 27.1% of the Initial Pool Balance, are each located within the state of Florida or within approximately 25 miles of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico or the Atlantic Ocean, and, therefore, are more susceptible to hurricanes. See representation and warranty nos. 18 and 26 in Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble in Annex D-1).

 

Thirteen (13) Mortgaged Properties securing approximately 11.1% of the Initial Pool Balance, are located in areas that are considered a high earthquake risk (seismic zones 3 or 4), and seismic reports were prepared with respect to these Mortgaged Properties, and based on those reports, no Mortgaged Property has a seismic expected loss greater than 15.0% (in the aggregate, with respect to Mortgaged Properties comprised of multiple structures).

 

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Mortgaged Properties with Limited Prior Operating History

 

Thirteen (13) of the Mortgaged Properties, securing approximately 11.9% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount (i) were constructed or the subject of a major renovation that was completed within 12 calendar months prior to the Cut-off Date and, therefore, the related Mortgaged Property has no or limited prior operating history, (ii) have a borrower or an affiliate under the related Mortgage Loan that acquired the related Mortgaged Property within 12 calendar months prior to the Cut-off Date and such borrower or affiliate was unable to provide the related mortgage loan seller with historical financial information for such acquired Mortgaged Property or (iii) are single tenant properties subject to triple-net leases with the related tenant where the related borrower did not provide the related mortgage loan seller with historical financial information for the related Mortgaged Property.

 

See Annex A-3 for more information on the Mortgaged Properties with limited prior operating history relating to the largest 15 Mortgage Loans.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Limited Information Causes Uncertainty”.

 

Tenancies-in-Common or Diversified Ownership

 

Three (3) Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties or portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Miami Industrial Portfolio, Century Town Center and Safeway – Port Angeles, representing approximately 9.8% of the Initial Pool Balance, each have two or more borrowers that own all or a portion of the related Mortgaged Property as tenants-in-common, and the respective tenants-in-common have agreed to a waiver of their rights of partition. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risksand —Tenancies-in-Common May Hinder Recovery”.

 

Described below is certain information regarding Mortgage Loans having borrowers with diversified ownership (generally more than twenty (20) individuals having a direct ownership interest in the borrower):

 

With respect to the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan (3.2%), the related borrower is a Delaware limited liability company that is directly owned by (i) one managing member holding an approximate 48.05% controlling ownership interest and (ii) 21 individual members holding in the aggregate approximately 51.95% non-controlling ownership interests (of which no such individual member holds more than a 9.0% ownership interest).

 

With respect to the Heartland Village Apartments Mortgage Loan (0.8%), the related borrower is a Delaware limited liability company that is directly owned by (i) one managing member holding an approximate 35.2% controlling ownership interest and (ii) approximately 25 individual members holding in the aggregate approximately 64.8% non-controlling ownership interests (of which no such individual member holds more than a 9.1% ownership interest).

 

With respect to the Fairmont Crossing Mortgage Loan (0.7%), the related borrower is an Ohio limited partnership, which is directly owned by one general partner and approximately 35 limited partners, none of which own more than 20.0% of the borrowing entity.

 

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With respect to the Heron Lakes Apartments Mortgage Loan (0.3%), the related borrower is a New Jersey limited liability company that is directly owned by 24 members (none of whom own more than a 10.0% interest).

 

Condominium and Other Shared Interests

 

Three (3) of the Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties and the portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio – 43790 Devin Shafron Drive, H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio – Motor Wheel Lofts and Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio – Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront, representing approximately 3.5% of the Initial Pool Balance, are secured, in whole or in part, by the related borrower’s interest in one or more units in a condominium. With respect to all such Mortgage Loans (other than as described below), the borrower generally controls the appointment of a majority of the members and voting of the condominium board or the condominium owners cannot take actions or cause the condominium association to take actions that would affect the borrower’s unit(s) without the borrower’s consent.

 

With respect to the Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.0%), the 43790 Devin Shafron Drive Mortgaged Property is a condominium unit comprised of Unit E of the Devin Shafron E and F Land Condominium (the “Condominium“). The borrower owns Unit E and has the right to appoint one of two directors to the board that controls the Condominium. Consequently, the borrower does not control the Board but has equal voting power (and therefore veto rights) over almost all decisions. The owner of the other condominium unit is an affiliate of the borrower. Each of the units in the Condominium are their own independent buildings.

 

With respect to the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.8%), the borrower has a leasehold interest in a portion of an adjacent parking garage to the Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property for 380 out of a total of 1,000 parking spaces and a portion of the ground level retail space, each part of a four (4) unit condominium regime. The condominium regime is controlled in part by the City of Virginia Beach with a 51% ownership interest and the City of Virginia Beach Development Authority with a 49% ownership interest.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Condominium Ownership May Limit Use and Improvements”. See also representation and warranty no. 8 in Annex D-1 to this prospectus and the exceptions thereto in Annex D-2 to this prospectus (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1 to this prospectus).

 

Fee & Leasehold Estates; Ground Leases

 

The table below shows the distribution of underlying interests encumbered by the mortgages related to the Mortgaged Properties:

 

Underlying Estate Distribution(1)

 

Underlying Estate

Number of Mortgaged Properties

Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance

Approx. % of Initial Pool Balance

Fee(2)(3) 91 $                          780,019,770 93.5%
Fee/Leasehold(4)

 4

                             53,914,174

6.5

Total

95

$                          833,933,944

100.0%

 

 

(1)Because this table presents information relating to Mortgaged Properties and not Mortgage Loans, the information for Mortgage Loans secured by more than one Mortgaged Property is based on allocated loan amounts as set forth in Annex A-1 to this prospectus.

 

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(2)For purposes of this prospectus, an encumbered interest will be characterized as a “fee interest” and not a leasehold interest if (i) the borrower has a fee interest in all or substantially all of the Mortgaged Property (provided that if the borrower has a leasehold interest in any portion of the Mortgaged Property, such portion is not, individually or in the aggregate, material to the use or operation of the Mortgaged Property), or (ii) the Mortgage Loan is secured by the borrower’s leasehold interest in the Mortgaged Property as well as the borrower’s (or other fee owner’s) overlapping fee interest in the related Mortgaged Property.

 

(3)With respect to the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%), the borrower currently owns a leasehold interest in the Mortgaged Property pursuant to a lease related to a tax incentive program. The lease expires on December 1, 2018 at which time, the borrower will be required to exercise its option to purchase the Mortgaged Property for $100. See “—Real Estate and Other Tax Considerations” below.

 

(4)With respect to the Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.5%), the borrower at the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property currently owns a leasehold interest in such Mortgaged Property pursuant to leases related to a lease excise tax program. The leases expire during the term at which time the fee interest in the Mortgaged Property will automatically vest in the related borrower. See “—Real Estate and Other Tax Considerations” below.

 

In general except as noted in the exceptions to representation and warranty no. 36 in Annex D-1 indicated on Annex D-2 or otherwise discussed below, and unless the related fee interest is also encumbered by the related Mortgage, each of the ground leases: (i) has a term that extends at least 20 years beyond the maturity date of the Mortgage Loan (taking into account all freely exercisable extension options); and (ii) contains customary mortgagee protection provisions, including notice and cure rights and the right to enter into a new lease with the applicable ground lessor in the event a ground lease is rejected or terminated.

 

With respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgaged Property (3.4%), the Mortgage Loan is secured in part by the borrower’s leasehold interest in a portion of the Mortgaged Property improved by a surface parking lot and in part by its fee simple interest in the remaining Mortgaged Property. The term of the related ground lease between the borrower, as ground lessee, and Macy’s, as ground lessor, expires on December 31, 2028 (which is less than twenty years beyond the stated maturity date of the related Mortgage Loan), provided, however, that Macy’s may terminate the ground lease at any time with at least twelve (12) months’ prior written notice. There is no annual rent due under the ground lease. The related ground lease does not contain customary mortgagee protection provisions, such as the right to enter into a new lease in the event the ground lease is rejected or terminated.

 

With respect to the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio – Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property (1.2%), the borrower has a leasehold interest in approximately 26,000 square feet of the ground level retail space of an adjacent parking garage, as well as 58 parking spaces. This leasehold interest expires on June 30, 2030, which does not extend 20 years beyond the maturity date of the Mortgage Loan.

 

Mortgage loans secured by ground leases present certain bankruptcy and foreclosure risks not present with Mortgage Loans secured by fee simple estates. See “Risk FactorsRisks Relating to the Mortgage LoansRisks Related to Ground Leases and Other Leasehold Interests”, “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage LoansForeclosure” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage LoansForeclosureBankruptcy Laws”.

 

Environmental Considerations

 

An environmental report was prepared for each Mortgaged Property securing a Mortgage Loan (except for the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Paso Robles Self Storage, Cartwright Pointe Plaza, Safeway – Port Angeles and 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road) no more than 14 months prior to the Cut-off Date. See Annex A-1 for the date of the environmental report for each Mortgaged Property. The environmental reports were generally prepared pursuant to the American Society for Testing and Materials

 

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standard for a “Phase I” environmental site assessment (the “ESA“). In addition to the Phase I standards, some of the environmental reports will include additional research, such as limited sampling for asbestos-containing material, lead-based paint, radon or water damage with limited areas of potential or identified mold, depending on the property use and/or age. Additionally, as needed pursuant to American Society for Testing and Materials standards, supplemental “Phase II” site investigations have been completed for some Mortgaged Properties to further evaluate certain environmental issues, including certain recognized environmental conditions (each, a “REC“). A Phase II investigation generally consists of sampling and/or testing.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Adverse Environmental Conditions at or Near Mortgaged Properties May Result In Losses” in this prospectus. See also representation and warranty no. 43 in Annex D-1 to this prospectus and the exceptions thereto in Annex D-2 to this prospectus (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1 to this prospectus).

 

Described below is certain additional information regarding environmental issues at the Mortgaged Properties securing the Mortgage Loans:

 

With respect to the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan (3.5%), the related Phase I ESA identified recognized environmental conditions at the Mortgaged Property in connection with the prior operations of (i) a dry cleaning facility utilizing halogenated solvents (PCE) between 1990 and 2005 and (ii) a filling and service station between the 1960s and 1980s in connection with which certain underground storage tanks were reportedly removed, in each instance for which insufficient regulatory records are available to determine any subsurface soil and groundwater impacts or vapor intrusion risks. At origination, in lieu of performing a Phase II ESA, the borrower obtained an environmental insurance policy from Zurich Insurance with a policy limit of $3,000,000 per claim and in the aggregate, a deductible of $25,000 and a 13-year term. Zurich Insurance has an S&P rating of AA- (stable) and an A.M. Best Company rating of A+ (stable).

 

With respect to the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Mortgage Loan (2.7%), the related Phase I ESAs identified (i) a recognized environmental condition at portions of the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property located at 7 and 14 Commerce Drive in Danbury, Connecticut in connection with ongoing investigations being performed pursuant to the Connecticut Property Transfer Act due to the qualification of such portions of the Mortgaged Property as an “establishment” at which hazardous materials may have been generated or otherwise handled and (ii) certain controlled recognized environmental conditions at each of the 34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property and a portion of the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property located at 4 Old Newton Road, in each instance related to residual soil and groundwater impacts from historic on-site and/or off-site industrial or manufacturing operations. Each of the 34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property and the portion of the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property located at 4 Old Newton Road is subject to environmental land use restrictions that, among other things, prohibit residential use. At origination, the borrower obtained an environmental insurance policy from Great American E&S Insurance Company with a policy limit of $10,000,000 per claim and in the aggregate, a $25,000 deductible and a 13-year term. Great American E&S Insurance Company has an A.M. Best Company rating of A+, an S&P rating of A+ (Superior) and a Moody’s rating of A1.

 

With respect to the H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio Mortgage Loan (2.3%), the Phase I ESA with respect to the Motor Wheel Lofts Mortgaged Property identified two RECs

 

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  with respect to such Mortgaged Property. The Phase I ESA noted that the Mortgaged Property was part of a larger parcel (the “Parent Parcel“) which was used for industrial purposes from the early 1900s until the late 1970s, the operation of which included manufacturing of stationary and automotive gasoline engines, automobile and truck wheels and metal and wooden wheels and used oil and hazardous materials, with little regulatory oversight. The Phase I ESA reported that a 1991 limited subsurface investigation detected (i) concentrations of ethylbenzene, xylenes, trichloroethene (“TCE“), lead, and thallium in soil samples and (ii) TCE, vinyl chloride, nickel, thallium and zinc in groundwater samples collected within the Parent Parcel to the north and west of the Mortgaged Property. Both soil and groundwater samples exceeded the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (“MDEQ“) Generic Residential Cleanup Criteria Drinking Water concentrations. The only two samples then taken from the Mortgaged Property – one from the easternmost portion of the Mortgaged Property, currently developed with parking and a driveway reported a low level of TCE, and the second, collected from immediately east of former Summit Street detected no contaminants of concern. In October 2005, a baseline environmental assessment (“BEA“) and compliance analysis (“CA“) conducted on the Mortgaged Property concluded that the subsurface of the Mortgaged Property had been impacted by the historical operations and identified the Parent Parcel to be a “facility” as defined in Part 201 of P.A. 451. The BEA concluded that (i) the constituents detected in the soil and groundwater above residential criteria would not be used in significant quantities at the Mortgaged Property; (ii) given that the Parent Parcel is used for residential and commercial purposes and the impacted soil and groundwater is located below paved parking areas, the uses will not exacerbate the existing contamination; and (iii) although the concentrations of volatile compounds and metals were above the Residential Cleanup Criteria Drinking Water concentrations, they were below direct contact and below the generic commercial volatilization to indoor air criteria. According to the consultant, the CA met the requirements of Section 20107a (Due Care) of Part 201 of NREPA. The Phase I ESA further reported that, according to blueprints obtained from the City of Lansing Fire Department in 1995, underground storage tanks (“USTs“) may have been utilized and may still present on the Mortgaged Property as follows: (i) one 500-gallon gasoline UST near the east entrance of the building; (ii) one 1,000-gallon linseed oil UST and one 2,000-gallon turpentine UST in the southwest corner of the building; and (iii) one 750-gallon gasoline UST 50 feet north and 40 feet east of the southwest corner of the building. There has been no reported removal and/or closure documentation of these USTs. At origination, the borrower purchased a lender environmental insurance policy relating to the Motor Wheel Lofts Mortgaged Property from Great American Insurance Group naming the lender as the named insured, with a policy limit of $20,000,000 per incident and $20,000,000 in the aggregate, a self-insured retention of $75,000 and a policy period of 13 years which extends coverage through the maturity date of the Mortgage Loan. Great American Insurance Group has an A.M. Best Company rating of A+(superior), an S&P rating of A+ and a Moody’s rating of A1.

 

With respect to the Home Depot Technology Center Mortgage Loan (1.7%), the Phase I ESA reported no RECs at the Mortgaged Property. However, due to the former presence of a gas station at the Mortgaged Property, environmental liability insurance coverage was previously obtained by the prior borrower in lieu of an environmental indemnification agreement, which was subsequently assigned to the current borrower. A Phase II ESA was conducted on August 12, 2003 by Qore Property Sciences, which concluded that the prior use of the Mortgaged Property as a gas station had not substantially impacted the soil and groundwater, and no further

 

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action was necessary. The environmental insurance policy was obtained from Allied World Assurance Company, Inc., which provides for a $10,000,000 limit for each claim and all claims in the aggregate, with a $25,000 per claim deductible and an expiration date of June 22, 2024. The one-time premium of $90,229 has been paid in full. Allied World Assurance Company, Inc. has an S&P rating of “A-”.

 

With respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%), a historical recognized environmental condition arising from the removal of an underground storage tank in 2008 and regulatory closure in 2010 exists at the Mortgaged Property. In lieu of obtaining an environmental indemnification agreement with respect to the Mortgaged Property, the lender obtained a lender environmental collateral protection and liability-type insurance policy with a $5,000,000 limit for each claim and all claims in the aggregate, with a $25,000 per claim deductible, from Steadfast Insurance Company, a member company of Zurich North America, with a 5 year term (equal to the loan term) and a 3 year policy tail. The policy premium was pre-paid at closing. Zurich North America has an S&P rating of “AA-”.

 

With respect to the Heartland Village Apartments Mortgage Loan (0.8%), the related Phase I ESA did not identify any recognized environmental conditions; however, it did identify radon concentrations in excess of applicable Environmental Protection Agency recommended action levels in certain of the related units at the Mortgaged Property. At origination, the borrower reserved $95,700 with the lender in connection with such radon, representing approximately 115% of the estimated cost of remediation. Under the Mortgage Loan documents, the borrower is required to (i) cause completion of (a) radon testing at each of the related buildings at the Mortgaged Property and delivery to the lender of any related test results (collectively, the “Radon Report“) and (b) any remediation recommended by the Radon Report including, if applicable, installation of a radon mitigation system and (ii) implement an operation and maintenance program for the ongoing investigation and monitoring of radon levels at the Mortgaged Property and maintenance of any related radon mitigation system.

 

With respect to each of the Paso Robles Self Storage Mortgage Loan (0.5%), the Cartwright Pointe Plaza Mortgage Loan (0.5%), the Safeway - Port Angeles Mortgage Loan (0.4%) and the 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road Mortgage Loan (0.4)%, in lieu of obtaining a Phase I environmental site assessment, the lender obtained a $4,250,000 group lender environmental collateral protection and liability-type environmental insurance policy with $4,250,000 sublimit per claim from Steadfast Insurance Company, a member company of Zurich North America with a 10 year term (equal to the loan term) and a 3 year policy tail and having no deductible. The policy premium was pre-paid at closing. Zurich North America has an S&P rating of “AA-”.

 

With respect to the Rochester Square Shopping Center Mortgage Loan (0.2%), the Phase I ESA obtained in connection with loan origination identified RECs related to on-site dry cleaning operations and an off-site leaking underground storage tank (“LUST“). With respect to the on-site dry cleaning operations, although an MDEQ inspection in 2011 indicated operations were in compliance, a Phase II subsurface investigation was required to evaluate contamination from prior operations. The Phase II results confirmed PCE contaminants above regulatory action levels, and the lender required a $58,750 environmental reserve (125% of the estimated cost) to cover the costs of a baseline environmental assessment BEA, submission of the BEA to the MDEQ and the installation and initial monitoring of a sub-slab depressurization system and creation of a due care plan. The remediation actions are due within 90

 

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days of the loan closing unless reasonably extended at lender’s discretion, and the borrower and guarantors have springing full personal liability until such actions have been completed. With respect to the off-site LUST, an affiliate of Albertsons Companies, Inc. has been identified as the responsible party, and soil and groundwater remediation activities are underway under MDEQ oversight. The Mortgaged Property is hydrologically cross-gradient from the off-site LUST property. Given the responsible party’s ongoing remediation work and financial resources of its affiliate, the Phase I consultant did not recommend further assessment at this time.

 

Redevelopment, Renovation and Expansion

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties are properties which are currently undergoing or are expected to undergo material redevelopment, renovation or expansion, including with respect to hotel properties, executing property improvement plans (“PIPs“) required by the franchisors. Below are descriptions of certain of such Mortgaged Properties.

 

With respect to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.6%), the Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel Mortgaged Property has been undergoing renovations since August 2016, which are expected to be completed in December 2018. The Mortgaged Property has obtained its liquor license and has been approved to open by the City of Des Moines. The hotel will not have its hotel business license until completion of the renovations and the issuance of the certificate of occupancy. The Mortgage Loan documents require the borrower to deposit an up-front PIP reserve in the amount of $4,240,539 in connection with the completion of the renovations. In addition, the Mortgage Loan documents require the borrower to deposit up-front PIP reserves in the amount of: (1) $983,740 for the Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown Mortgaged Property in connection with certain PIP renovations to be complete February 2019; and (2) $184,616 for the Courtyard Rocky Mount Mortgaged Property in connection with certain PIP renovations to be complete December 2018.

 

With respect to 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%), the landlord and the second largest tenant, First Data Corporation, are currently performing certain renovations at the Mortgaged Property including, among other things, a new façade to turn the building into a technology campus and completion of certain tenant improvements. The borrower was required to reserve with the lender $1,529,160, which amounts will be released to the borrower provided (i) no event of default has occurred, (ii) borrower has delivered disbursement documentation in form reasonably satisfactory to lender and (iii) borrower has delivered to lender an estoppel certificate from First Data Corporation in form reasonably satisfactory to lender.

 

With respect to the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.8%), with respect to the Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property, a PIP has been issued by Hilton Franchise Holding LLC (“Hilton“), which requires renovations to the Mortgaged Property, including renovations to the lobby, meeting space, fitness and pool area, guest bedrooms and bathrooms and exterior. All renovations must be completed within 12 to 18 months. The approximate cost of the renovation is $832,184. The Mortgage Loan documents require the borrower to make monthly deposits into the Hilton FF&E Reserve Account in an amount equal to one-twelfth (1/12th) of five percent (5%) of the projected annual gross income from room revenue operations at the property, until the borrower has delivered to the lender satisfactory evidence that the borrower has completed the current Hilton PIP. After the borrower completes the current Hilton PIP, the required deposit is reduced to

 

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  one-twelfth (1/12th) of four percent (4%) of the projected annual gross income from room revenue operations at the property.

 

With respect to the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.8%), with respect to the Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property, a PIP has been issued by Hilton, which requires renovations to the Mortgaged Property, including renovations to the lobby, meeting space, elevators, corridors, guest bedrooms and bathrooms, exterior and pool. All renovations must be completed within 24 months. The approximate cost of the renovation is $1,483,907. At origination, the borrower deposited an amount equal to $741,954 into a PIP reserve account. Additionally, the Mortgage Loan documents require the borrower to make monthly deposits into the Hilton FF&E Reserve Account in an amount equal to one-twelfth (1/12th) of five percent (5%) of the projected annual gross income from room revenue operations at the property, until the borrower has delivered to the lender satisfactory evidence that the borrower has completed the Hilton PIP. After the borrower completes the current Hilton PIP, the required deposit is reduced to one-twelfth (1/12th) of four percent (4%) of the projected annual gross income from room revenue operations at the property.

 

With respect to The Tannery Mortgage Loan (1.6%), the borrower is currently performing certain renovations at the Mortgaged Property including, among other things, base building improvements, upgrades to parking and a gym patio and completion of certain tenant improvements. At origination, the borrower reserved with the lender approximately $1,835,378, representing approximately 100% of the estimated cost to complete such work.

 

With respect to the Hampton Inn & Suites—Sterling Heights Mortgage Loan (0.9%),the borrower is required to complete an ongoing franchisor-mandated PIP that includes, among other things, upgrades to the guestrooms, common areas, recreational facilities and building exteriors. Approximately $1,481,010 in PIP renovations were completed prior to origination. At origination, the borrower reserved $161,450, representing approximately 100% of the estimated cost to complete the remaining PIP work. The borrower expects to complete the remaining PIP work by January 1, 2019.

 

We cannot assure you that any of these redevelopments, renovations or expansions will be completed, that any amounts reserved in connection therewith will be sufficient to complete any such redevelopment, renovation or expansion or that the failure to do so will not have a material adverse impact on the related Mortgaged Properties. Additionally, other Mortgaged Properties may, and likely do, have property improvement or renovation plans in various stages of completion or planning.

 

Certain risks related to redevelopment, renovation and expansion at a Mortgaged Property are described in “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Related to Redevelopment, Expansion and Renovation at Mortgaged Properties”.

 

Assessment of Property Value and Condition

 

In connection with the origination or acquisition of each Mortgage Loan or otherwise in connection with this offering, an appraisal was conducted in respect of the related Mortgaged Property by an independent appraiser that was state certified and/or a member of the Appraisal Institute or an update of an existing appraisal was obtained. In each case, the appraisal complied, or the appraiser certified that it complied, with the real estate appraisal regulations issued jointly by the federal bank regulatory agencies under the

 

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Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989, as amended. In general, those appraisals represent the analysis and opinion of the person performing the appraisal and are not guarantees of, and may not be indicative of, present or future value. We cannot assure you that another person would not have arrived at a different valuation, even if such person used the same general approach to and same method of valuing the property or that different valuations would not have been reached separately by the mortgage loan sellers based on their internal review of such appraisals. The appraisals obtained as described above sought to establish the amount a typically motivated buyer would pay a typically motivated seller. Such amount could be significantly higher than the amount obtained from the sale of a Mortgaged Property under a distress or liquidation sale.

 

In addition, in general, a licensed engineer, architect or consultant inspected the related Mortgaged Property, in connection with the origination or acquisition of each of the Mortgage Loans or otherwise in connection with this offering, to assess the condition of the structure, exterior walls, roofing, interior structure and mechanical and electrical systems. Engineering reports by licensed engineers, architects or consultants generally were prepared, except for newly constructed properties, certain manufactured housing community properties and properties for which the borrower’s interest consists of a fee interest solely on the land and not any improvements, for the Mortgaged Properties in connection with the origination of the related Mortgage Loan or in connection with this offering. None of these engineering reports are more than fourteen (14) months old as of the Cut-off Date. In certain cases where material deficiencies were noted in such reports, the related borrower was required to establish reserves for replacement or repair or remediate the deficiency.

 

Litigation and Other Considerations

 

There may be material pending or threatened legal proceedings against, or other past or present material criminal or material adverse regulatory circumstances experienced by, the borrowers, their sponsors and managers of the Mortgaged Properties and their respective affiliates. In addition, the Mortgaged Properties may be subject to ongoing litigation. For example:

 

With respect to the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%), the related sponsor settled several tax liens relating to the disposition of a non-performing asset and pursuant to a review of a 1031 exchange by the New York State Attorney General. The related guarantor has paid all back taxes and settled the matters with the State of New York.

 

With respect to the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%), a civil suit is pending against the guarantor, Asher Roshanzamir, which is not related to the Mortgaged Property. In 2016, the board of managers of a luxury condominium filed a complaint against Mr. Roshanzamir, alleging breach of contract as a result of defective design of an apartment building located in downtown Manhattan. Mr. Roshanzamir has indicated that he is awaiting a settlement letter from the plaintiff’s attorney, and the plaintiff has agreed to accept a $275,000 settlement.

 

With respect to the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Mortgage Loan (2.7%), Melvyn J. Powers, one of the two related guarantors, is a named defendant, among others, in a civil action filed pursuant to a certain complaint dated as of August 6, 2018 relating to such guarantor’s management of an unrelated property that is not collateral for the Mortgage Loan and certain actions taken while co-trustee of a family trust.

 

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With respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (2.4%), borrower sponsors/guarantors, Jeffrey Soffer and Jacquelyn Soffer, among others, were named defendants in a lawsuit by Nexbank regarding a non-recourse agreement related to a loan for the Town Square Las Vegas Mall. The court dismissed the original litigation. Plaintiffs have filed a subsequent claim asserting that they were entitled to reimbursement of attorney’s fees accumulated during the litigation (approximately $3.2 million) pursuant to the terms of the non-recourse agreement as a result of defendants recording of a notice of pendency on the property prior to the dismissal which plaintiffs assert constituted “the placing voluntarily of a Lien” on the property. In addition, Jeffrey Soffer, was one of several co-defendants in a $100 million wrongful death action filed in Florida in January 2014 related to a 2012 helicopter crash in the Bahamas. The lawsuit sought to undo a previous insurance settlement, among other things, and no additional insurance coverage is available for further damages. The lawsuit was dismissed without prejudice in August 2014, however, the plaintiff appealed the ruling and the appellate court remanded the case. Although no additional insurance coverage is available under Mr. Soffer’s policy, certain codefendants have coverage. The most recent status conference was held in June 2018.

 

With respect to the Infinite Self Storage Mortgage Loan (0.7%), the non-recourse carve-out guarantors, Jeffrey L. Kittle and the Jeffrey L. Kittle Trust, are co-defendants in a lawsuit filed by a former employee of an affiliate. The plaintiff alleges breach of contract and fiduciary duty, among other things, related to his employment agreement and ownership purchase options, and is seeking approximately $1.3 million in damages, together with additional amounts for related tax liability and attorneys’ fees. The trial court denied a partial summary judgment motion by the plaintiff and the matter is currently in discovery. The non-recourse carve-out guarantors have a combined net worth in excess of the amount of the Mortgage Loan.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Litigation Regarding the Mortgaged Properties or Borrowers May Impair Your Distributions”. See also “—Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” below and representation and warranty no. 15 in Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto in Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings

 

Thirty-two (32) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 67.8% of the Initial Pool Balance, were originated in connection with the borrower’s refinancing of a previous mortgage loan.

 

Sixteen (16) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 23.8% of the Initial Pool Balance, were originated in connection with the related borrower’s acquisition of the related Mortgaged Property.

 

One (1) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 4.8% of the Initial Pool Balance, was originated in connection with the borrower’s acquisition of the related Mortgaged Property and refinancing of a previous mortgage loan.

 

Three (3) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 3.6% of the Initial Pool Balance, were originated in connection with the borrower’s recapitalization of the related Mortgaged Property.

 

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Certain of the borrowers, principals of the borrowers and other entities under the control of such principals or single tenants at the related Mortgaged Properties or in certain cases a Mortgaged Property that secures a Mortgage Loan are, or previously have been, parties to bankruptcy proceedings, foreclosure proceedings, deed-in-lieu of foreclosure transactions and/or mortgage loan workouts resulting from mortgage loan defaults, which in some cases involved a Mortgaged Property that secures a Mortgage Loan to be included in the Trust. For example:

 

With respect to twenty-two (22) Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties or portfolios of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Miami Industrial Portfolio, Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown, 1000 Windward Concourse, Christiana Mall, Bella at Norcross, Memphis Industrial Portfolio, 35 Claver Place, Aventura Mall, H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio, Waterford Tulsa Apartments, Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments, Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio, Home Depot Technology Center, Century Town Center, 1400 Flat Gap Road, Fair Oaks Mall, Kaden Tower, Hampton Inn & Suites – Sterling Heights, 33 Dart Road, Fairmont Crossing, Willow Ridge and Rochester Square Shopping Center, representing approximately 51.3% of the Initial Pool Balance, (a) within approximately the last 10 years, related borrowers, sponsors and/or key principals (or affiliates thereof) have previously (i) sponsored, been a key principal with respect to, or been a payment or non-recourse carveout guarantor on mortgage loans secured by, real estate projects (including in some such cases, the particular Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties referenced above in this sentence) that became the subject of foreclosure proceedings or a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure or bankruptcy proceedings or directly or indirectly secured a real estate loan or a real estate related mezzanine loan that was the subject of a discounted payoff, sale at a loss or modification, or (ii) been the subject of personal bankruptcy proceedings, (b) the related Mortgage Loan refinanced a prior loan secured by, or a mezzanine loan secured by interests in the owner of, the Mortgaged Property which prior loan was the subject of a maturity default, a maturity extension or a discounted payoff, short sale or other restructuring, (c) within approximately the last 10 years, the Mortgaged Property was acquired by the related borrower or an affiliate thereof or a seller thereto from a foreclosing lender or through foreclosure or a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, as part of an REO transaction, at a foreclosure sale or out of receivership, or (d) the Mortgaged Property has been or currently is involved in a borrower, principal or single-tenant bankruptcy.

 

In particular, with respect to the 15 largest Mortgage Loans we note the following:

 

With respect to the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan (7.9%), borrower sponsor Francis Greenburger has been involved in multiple foreclosures/discounted payoffs in connection with unrelated properties since 2010, through Time Equities, Inc., which was founded by Mr. Greenburger. Additionally, Francis Greenburger had one partnership bankruptcy in the 1990s during the savings and loan crisis; a limited partnership in which the borrower sponsor owned a 50% interest filed Chapter 11 bankruptcy arising from lender failure and FDIC takeover of the institution.

 

With respect to the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Mortgage Loan (7.2%), the related non-recourse carveout guarantor or its affiliates have sponsored other real estate properties securing 2 loans that went into default and were subject to a foreclosure and deed-in-lieu of foreclosure in 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

With respect to the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan (3.7%), the related non-recourse carveout guarantor holds a limited partnership interest in certain

 

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commercial units in a mixed use residential condominium property securing a loan that went into default and was subject to a foreclosure proceeding in 2009. In 2012, the parties executed a loan modification agreement and the related foreclosure proceeding was dismissed. As of origination, such modified loan remained in good standing.

 

With respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (3.4%), the related borrower sponsor, GGP Inc., filed for bankruptcy protection in 2009 and emerged from bankruptcy in 2010. In the bankruptcy case of GGP Inc., filed on April 16, 2009, the debtors initially sought approval of a debtor-in-possession loan to the corporate parent entities guaranteed by the property-level single-purpose entities and secured by second liens on their properties. Although the debtor-in-possession loan subsequently was modified to eliminate the subsidiary guarantees and second liens, we cannot assure you that, in the event of a bankruptcy of the borrower sponsor, the borrower sponsor would not seek approval of a similar debtor-in-possession loan, or that a bankruptcy court would not approve a debtor-in-possession loan that included such subsidiary guarantees and second liens on such subsidiaries’ properties.

 

With respect to the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan (3.2%), the related borrower sponsor, Gideon Levy, had three prior loans that reached maturity default between July 2010 and March 2013. With respect to one loan with an original amount $4,080,000, the borrower sponsor subsequently agreed to pay $150,000 in addition to the loan amount without a discounted payoff. With respect to the second loan with an original amount of $5,500,000, the borrower sponsor agreed to a discounted payoff with the lender. With respect to a third loan with an original amount of $12,390,000, the property was subject to a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure.

 

With respect to the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.1%), the borrower sponsor, Curtis Wegener, experienced credit issues and prior bankruptcies from 2008-2010 involving other real estate projects he sponsored. During this period, Mr. Wegener filed voluntary bankruptcies for many of his assets with the consent of his banking relationships to enter into an orderly liquidation and maximize the recovery for Mr. Wegener’s creditors. A few creditors, however, did not release their guaranties and after liquidation filed default judgments against Mr. Wegener for the deficiency amount. Mr. Wegener currently has seven outstanding judgments. According to the borrower, none of the seven creditors have taken affirmative steps to enforce and collect on the default judgments. At origination, the borrower sponsor delivered a $1,000,000 letter of credit to backstop any breach of a non-recourse carveout under the Mortgage Loan documents. Additionally, the lender received a non-consolidation opinion confirming that any claim brought by a judgment creditor will not impact the control of the borrower.

 

With respect to the 35 Claver Place Mortgage Loan (2.6%), the related non-recourse carveout guarantor has sponsored another real estate project that was subject to foreclosure proceedings in 2009.

 

Certain risks relating to bankruptcy proceedings are described in “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—A Bankruptcy Proceeding May Result in Losses and Delays in Realizing on the Mortgage Loans” and “—Litigation Regarding the Mortgaged Properties or Borrowers May Impair Your Distributions” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure—Bankruptcy Laws”. See also representation and warranty no. 41 and no. 42 in Annex D-1 to this prospectus and the exceptions thereto in Annex D-2 to this prospectus (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1 to this prospectus).

 

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Tenant Issues

 

Tenant Concentrations

 

The Mortgaged Properties have tenant concentrations as set forth below:

 

Twenty (20) of the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio, Franklin Towne Center, Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio, Liberty Portfolio – 8501 East Raintree Drive, 1400 Flat Gap Road, 33 Dart Road, Walgreens – Georgetown, TX and Safeway – Port Angeles, securing approximately 14.5% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, are leased to a single tenant.

 

Eight (8) of the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as 1000 Windward Concourse, 1600 Terrell Mill Road, Danbury Commerce Portfolio – 34 Executive Drive, Home Depot Technology Center, Vernon Industrial, Liberty Portfolio – Liberty Center at Rio Salado, Century Town Center and 225 Carolina, securing approximately 14.1% of the Initial Pool Balance, have a tenant that leases over 50% (by net rentable area) of the Mortgaged Property (other than the single tenant Mortgaged Properties identified above).

 

See “—Lease Expirations and Terminations” below, and “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks of Commercial and Multifamily Lending Generally”, “—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—A Tenant Concentration May Result in Increased Losses” and “—Concentrations Based on Property Type, Geography, Related Borrowers and Other Factors May Disproportionately Increase Losses” in this prospectus.

 

Lease Expirations and Terminations

 

Expirations

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties are subject to tenant leases that expire before the maturity date of the related Mortgage Loan. For tenant lease expiration information in the form of a lease rollover chart relating to each of the top 15 Mortgage Loans, see the related summaries attached as Annex A-3 to this prospectus. In addition, see Annex A-1 to this prospectus for tenant lease expiration dates for the 5 largest tenants (based on net rentable area leased) at each retail, office and industrial Mortgaged Property. Whether or not any of the 5 largest tenants at a particular Mortgaged Property have leases that expire before, or shortly after, the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan, there may be a significant percentage of leases at a particular Mortgaged Property that expire in a single calendar year, a rolling 12-month period or prior to, or shortly after, the maturity of a Mortgage Loan. Furthermore, some of the Mortgaged Properties have significant leases or a significant concentration of leases that expire before, or shortly following, the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan. In addition, certain other Mortgaged Properties may have a significant portion of the leases that expire in a particular year, or portion thereof, at the related Mortgaged Property. Prospective investors are encouraged to review the charts entitled “Major Tenants” and “Lease Expiration Schedules” for the 15 largest Mortgage Loans presented on Annex A-3 to this prospectus, in particular those related to the Mortgaged Properties or portfolios of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as 1600 Terrell Mill Road, Memphis Industrial Portfolio, California Mixed Use Portfolio and Danbury Commerce Portfolio.

 

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With respect to the Mortgage Loan secured, in whole or in part, by the Mortgaged Properties identified in the table below, the Mortgaged Properties are occupied by a single tenant under a lease which expires prior to, or within 12 months after, the maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable, of the related Mortgage Loan.

 

Mortgaged Property

% of the Initial
Pool Balance by
Allocated Loan
Amount

Owner
Occupied

Lease
Expiration
Date

Maturity
Date or
Anticipated
Repayment
Date

Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio – 14901 FAA Boulevard 0.6% No 02/02/2022 10/06/2023
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio – 43790 Devin Shafron Drive 0.4% No 05/31/2021 10/06/2023
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio – 636 Pierce Street 0.4% No 04/30/2023 10/06/2023
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio – 21551 Beaumeade Circle 0.3% No 12/31/2023 10/06/2023
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio – 7505 Mason King Court 0.3% No 12/31/2023 10/06/2023
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio – 444 Toyama Drive 0.2% No 07/31/2022 10/06/2023
Liberty Portfolio – 8501 East Raintree Drive 0.2% No 07/31/2026 10/06/2028
1400 Flat Gap Road 1.2% No 09/30/2025 11/06/2025
33 Dart Road 0.8% No 05/31/2029 11/11/2028

 

 

 

Because this table presents information relating to Mortgaged Properties and not Mortgage Loans, if a Mortgaged Property loses its sole tenant, whether upon expiration of the related lease or otherwise, the “dark value” of such property may be materially below the “as-is” value of such property or even the unpaid principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan because of the difficulties of finding a new tenant that will lease the space on comparable terms as the old tenant. Such difficulties may arise from an oversupply of comparable space, high vacancy rates, low rental rates or the Mortgaged Property’s lack of suitability for most potential replacement tenants.

 

Certain other Mortgaged Properties are occupied by multiple tenants under leases that all expire during a given twelve month period ending prior to the applicable maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date.

 

In addition, with respect to certain other Mortgaged Properties, there are leases that represent in the aggregate a material (greater than 25%) portion (but less than 100%) of the net rentable square footage of the related Mortgaged Property that expire in a single calendar year prior to, or shortly after, the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan.

 

See Annex A-1 for tenant lease expiration dates for the 5 largest tenants (based on net rentable area leased) at each retail, office and industrial Mortgaged Property.

 

Terminations

 

In addition to termination options tied to certain triggers as described in “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Early Lease Termination Options May Reduce Cash Flow” that are common with respect to retail properties, certain tenant leases permit the related tenant to unilaterally terminate its lease at any time. For more information on lease terminations see the footnotes to Annex A-1 to this prospectus.

 

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For more information related to tenant termination options held by the 5 largest tenants (by net rentable area leased) see Annex A-1 to this prospectus and the accompanying footnotes for additional information, as well as the charts entitled “Major Tenants” and “Lease Expiration Schedules” for the 15 largest Mortgage Loans presented on Annex A-3 to this prospectus, in particular those related to the Mortgaged Properties or portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as 1000 Windward Concourse, Christiana Mall, 1600 Terrell Mill Road and Memphis Industrial Portfolio.

 

Other

 

Tenants under certain leases included in the Underwritten Net Cash Flow, Underwritten NOI and/or Occupancy Rate may not be in physical occupancy, may not have begun paying rent or may be in negotiation. For more information see footnote 1 to Annex A-1 to this prospectus. For example:

 

Seven (7) of the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Riverworks, Franklin Towne Center, 1600 Terrell Mill Road, Home Depot Technology Center, The Tannery, Liberty Portfolio – Liberty Center at Rio Salado and Century Town Center, securing approximately 17.3% of the Initial Pool Balance, have, among the 5 largest tenants at such Mortgaged Property (by net rentable area leased), tenants that have renewed leases or have taken possession of the space demised under the related lease with the related borrower, but have not yet commenced payments of rent or are in a rent abatement period under the related lease, have tenants that have “gone dark”, have tenants that have executed leases, but have not taken possession or commenced payment of rent, have tenants that are in a build out phase and have not taken occupancy, have tenants that are expanding their space but have not commenced payment of the additional rent, have tenants that renewed leases that provide free rent and have not commenced payment of rent, have tenants that are entitled to free rent periods or rent abatement in the future, or have subleases in place that can increase vacancy risks. In certain circumstances, an escrow reserve related to free rent periods and tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions due in connection with such leases was funded at closing. See Annex A-1 to this prospectus and the accompanying footnotes for additional information with respect to these Mortgage Loans.

 

In particular, with respect to single tenant properties or tenants that are one of the top 5 tenants (by net rentable area leased) for the 15 largest Mortgage Loans, certain of such tenants have not taken possession or commenced paying rent. For more information see Annex A-3 to this prospectus and the accompanying footnotes, in particular those related to the Mortgaged Property identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as 1600 Terrell Mill Road.

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties may have tenants that sublet a portion of their space or have provided notice of their intent to sublet out a portion of their space in the future. For more information see Annex A-3 to this prospectus and the accompanying footnotes for additional information.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Underwritten Net Cash Flow Could Be Based On Incorrect or Flawed Assumptions”.

 

Purchase Options and Rights of First Refusal

 

Below are certain purchase options and rights of first refusal to purchase all or a portion of the Mortgaged Property with respect to certain of the Mortgaged Properties.

 

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Forty-two (42) of the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio, Starwood Hotel Portfolio, Christiana Mall, Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio, 1400 Flat Gap Road, 33 Dart Road, Walgreens – Georgetown, TX, Safeway – Port Angeles and Rochester Square Shopping Center, securing approximately 17.9% of the Initial Pool Balance, are each subject to a purchase option, right of first refusal or right of first offer (“ROFO”) to purchase such Mortgaged Property, a portion thereof or a related pad site; such rights are held by either a tenant at the related Mortgaged Property, a tenant at a neighboring property, a hotel franchisor, a licensee, a homeowner’s association, another unit owner of the related condominium, a neighboring property owner, a master tenant, a lender or another third party. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations” in this prospectus. See representation and warranty no. 7 in Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

In addition, with respect to the 15 largest Mortgage Loans presented on Annex A-3 to this prospectus, we note the following:

 

With respect to the Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan (4.8%), (i) with respect to each Mortgaged Property the related single tenant, Walgreen Co., has a right of first refusal (“ROFR“) to purchase its related property if an offer is received that borrower is otherwise willing to accept. The ROFR is not extinguished by foreclosure. (ii) With respect to the Walgreens – Laredo, TX Mortgaged Property, if the Walgreens’ lease is not in effect, then an adjacent property owner has a ROFR to purchase the related Mortgaged Property if an offer is received that borrower is otherwise willing to accept. The ROFR is not extinguished by foreclosure.

 

With respect to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.6%), with respect to 15 of the 22 constituent Mortgaged Properties that are subject to a franchise agreement with Marriott International, Inc., as the franchisor, representing approximately 72.0% of the total rooms and 68.7% of total UW NCF, franchisor has a ROFR to acquire the related Mortgaged Property if there is transfer of the related hotel or controlling direct or indirect interest in the borrower to a competitor (generally, any person that exclusively develops, operates or franchises through or with a competitor of the franchisor comprising at least 10 luxury service hotels (if a full service hotel), 20 full service hotels or 50 limited service hotels). The ROFR is not extinguished by foreclosure or deed-in-lieu thereof, and if transfer to a competitor is by foreclosure, or if the franchisee or its affiliates become a competitor, the franchisor has the right to purchase the hotel upon notice to the franchisee. The franchisor comfort letter provides that, if the lender exercises remedies against the franchisee, lender may appoint a lender affiliate to acquire the Mortgaged Property and enter into a management or franchise agreement if it is not a competitor or a competitor affiliate; provided, however, that a lender affiliate will not be deemed a competitor simply due to its ownership of multiple competing hotels or having engaged managers to manage such other hotels.

 

With respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (3.4%), Target, the largest tenant at the related Mortgaged Property has an option to purchase its leased premises at the Mortgaged Property from the borrower for fair market value at any time during the term of its lease. If the tenant exercises its purchase option, the tenant will still be obligated to pay the common area maintenance contributions to the borrower for the remaining term of the lease. The Mortgage Loan documents permit the borrower to obtain a release of the Target Parcel from the lien of the mortgage in the event Target exercises its purchase option, provided certain terms and conditions in the

 

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Mortgage Loan documents are satisfied. The right to purchase has not been subordinated to the Mortgage Loan documents and will remain in effect following a foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure.

 

With respect to the Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.0%), (i) the 7505 Mason King Court Mortgaged Property and the 43790 Devin Shafron Drive Mortgaged Property, the sole tenant at the related Mortgaged Properties, VADATA, has a ROFO to purchase either Mortgaged Property at which it is a tenant if the related borrower markets any portion of such Mortgaged Property for sale. VADATA’s ROFO does not apply to foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, but does apply to a subsequent sale; (ii) the 21551 Beaumeade Circle Mortgaged Property, the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, Equinix, has a ROFO to purchase the related Mortgaged Property if the borrower markets such property for sale. Equinix’s ROFO does not apply to foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, but does apply to a subsequent sale; and (iii) the 636 Pierce Street Mortgaged Property, the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, BNY Mellon, has a ROFR to purchase the related Mortgaged Property if the borrower receives an offer it is otherwise prepared to accept. The BNY Mellon’s ROFR does not apply to foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, but does apply to a subsequent sale.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Leases That Are Not Subordinated to the Lien of the Mortgage or Do Not Contain Attornment Provisions May Have an Adverse Impact at Foreclosure”.

 

Affiliated Leases

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties may be leased in whole or in part by borrowers or borrower affiliates. See Annex A-1 and the footnotes related thereto for more information on affiliated leases at the Mortgaged Properties.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Mortgaged Properties Leased to Borrowers or Borrower Affiliated Entities Also Have Risks”. For more information on affiliated leases see the footnotes to Annex A-1 to this prospectus.

 

Insurance Considerations

 

The Mortgage Loans generally require that each Mortgaged Property be insured by a hazard insurance policy in an amount (subject to an approved deductible) at least equal to the lesser of the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan and 100% of the replacement cost of the improvements located on the related Mortgaged Property, and if applicable, that the related hazard insurance policy contain appropriate endorsements or have been issued in an amount sufficient to avoid the application of co-insurance and not permit reduction in insurance proceeds for depreciation; provided that, in the case of certain of the Mortgage Loans, the hazard insurance may be in such other amounts as was required by the related originators.

 

In general, the standard form of hazard insurance policy covers physical damage to, or destruction of, the improvements on the Mortgaged Property by fire, lightning, explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, riot or strike and civil commotion, subject to the conditions and exclusions set forth in each policy. Each Mortgage Loan generally also requires the related borrower to maintain comprehensive general liability insurance against claims for personal and bodily injury, death or property damage occurring on, in or about the related Mortgaged

 

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Property in an amount generally equal to at least $1,000,000. Each Mortgage Loan generally further requires the related borrower to maintain business interruption insurance in an amount not less than approximately 100% of the gross rental income from the related Mortgaged Property for not less than 12 months. In general, the Mortgage Loans (including those secured by Mortgaged Properties located in California) do not require earthquake insurance. Thirteen (13) of the Mortgaged Properties, securing approximately 11.1% of the Initial Pool Balance, are located in areas that are considered a high earthquake risk (seismic zones 3 and 4). Seismic reports were prepared with respect to these Mortgaged Properties, and based on those reports, no Mortgaged Property has a probable maximum loss greater than 15.0% (in the aggregate, with respect to Mortgaged Properties comprised of multiple structures).

 

With respect to seventy-one (71) Mortgaged Properties, securing approximately 76.7% of the Initial Pool Balance by allocated loan amount, the related borrowers (or, in some cases, tenants which are permitted to maintain insurance in lieu of the related borrowers) maintain insurance under blanket policies. See representation and warranty nos. 18 and 31 on Annex D-1 to this prospectus and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 to this prospectus (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1 to this prospectus).

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties may permit the borrower’s obligations to provide required insurance (including property, rent loss, liability and terrorism coverage) to be suspended if a sole or significant tenant or the property manager elects to provide third party insurance or self-insurance in accordance with its lease or management agreement. Described below are Mortgage Loans having such third party insurance or self-insurance conditions:

 

With respect to four (4) Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties or portfolio of Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio, 33 Dart Road, Walgreens – Georgetown, TX and Safeway – Port Angeles, securing approximately 6.5% of the Initial Pool Balance, the related borrower may rely on the single tenant’s, ground lease tenant’s or owner’s association’s insurance or, in some cases, self-insurance, so long as the single tenant’s or ground lease tenant’s lease is in effect and no default has occurred under the lease and the tenant’s insurance or, if applicable, self-insurance meets the requirements under the related loan documents or (in certain cases) of the related lease. Under certain circumstances generally relating to a material casualty, a sole tenant entitled to self-insure may have the right to terminate its lease at the related Mortgaged Property under the terms of that lease. If the tenant fails to provide acceptable insurance coverage or, if applicable, self-insurance, the borrower generally (but not in all cases) must obtain or provide supplemental coverage to meet the requirements under the Mortgage Loan documents. See representation and warranty nos. 18 and 31 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions to representation and warranty nos. 18 and 31 on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

In situations involving leased fee properties, where the tenant or other non-borrower party constructed improvements and either maintains its own insurance or self-insures, the borrower will typically have no right to available casualty proceeds. Subject to applicable restoration obligations, casualty proceeds are payable to the tenant or other non-borrower party and/or its leasehold mortgagee. Further, with respect to Mortgaged Properties that are part of condominium regimes, the insurance may be maintained by the condominium association rather than the related borrower. Many Mortgage Loans contain limitations on the obligation to obtain terrorism insurance. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the

 

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Mortgage Loans—Terrorism Insurance May Not Be Available for All Mortgaged Properties”. See also representation and warranty nos. 18 and 31 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Associated with Blanket Insurance Policies or Self-Insurance”.

 

Use Restrictions

 

Certain of the Mortgaged Properties are subject to restrictions that restrict the use of such Mortgaged Properties to its current use, place other use restrictions on such Mortgaged Property or limit the related borrower’s ability to make changes to such Mortgaged Property. In certain cases, use of a Mortgaged Property may be restricted due to environmental conditions at the Mortgaged Property. See “—Environmental Considerations”.

 

In the case of certain such Mortgage Loans subject to such restrictions the related borrower is generally required pursuant to the related Mortgage Loan documents to maintain law or ordinance insurance coverage if any of the improvements or the use of a Mortgaged Property constitutes a legal non-conforming structure or use, which provides coverage for loss to the undamaged portion of such property, demolition costs and the increased cost of construction. However, the related property may not be able to be restored or repaired to the full extent necessary to maintain the pre-casualty/pre-destruction use of the subject structure/property, and such law and ordinance insurance coverage does not provide any coverage for lost future rents or other damages from the inability to restore the property to its prior use or structure or for any loss of value to the related property. For example:

 

With respect to the H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio Mortgage Loan (2.3%), the existing use at the JI Case Lofts Mortgaged Property is permitted when it conforms to special conditions set forth in the applicable zoning code; however, the Mortgaged Property does not meet the special conditions relating to lot area requirements and is therefore a legally non-conforming use. In the event of a casualty, the building may be restored, if the cost of restoration is less than 50 percent of the pre-casualty fair market value. If damage exceeds 50 percent, it may not be restored, except in conformity with the current zoning ordinance. At origination, the borrower provided law and ordinance insurance, and the Mortgage Loan documents provide recourse for losses related to the inability to rebuild, replace or restore the improvements at the Mortgaged Property (i) in compliance with legal requirements following a casualty to at least the same number of square feet as existed at the Mortgaged Property immediately prior to the casualty and (ii) in a manner that does not materially and adversely affect the value of the Mortgaged Property.

 

With respect to the Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Mortgage Loan (1.9%), a portion of (i) the Lakeside Pointe at Nora Mortgaged Property is included on the National Wetland Inventory as a federally regulated fresh pond area and (ii) the Fox Club Apartments Mortgaged Property is included on the National Wetland Inventory as a federally regulated riverine area. The borrower is prohibited from any construction or renovation at either of the Mortgaged Properties which might impact such areas other than as permitted by local, state or federal regulations.

 

With respect to the Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.5%), the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property is encumbered by a patent from the United States Government (the “Tempe Patent“) which prohibits residential use of the Liberty

 

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Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property; violation of this no-residential-use restriction would result in a reversion of title to the United States Government. The Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan is fully recourse to the borrower and the guarantor if a violation of the Tempe Patent results in a loss of title to the Liberty Center Rio Salado Mortgaged Property.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Related to Zoning Non-Compliance and Use Restrictions” and representation and warranty nos. 8 and 26 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2.

 

In addition, certain of the Mortgaged Properties are subject to “historic” or “landmark” designations, which results in restrictions and in some cases prohibitions on modification of certain aspects of the related Mortgaged Property.

 

Appraised Value

 

In certain cases, appraisals may reflect “as-is” values and values other than an “as-is” value. However, the Appraised Value reflected in this prospectus with respect to each Mortgaged Property reflects only the “as-is” value, except as set forth under the definition of “LTV Ratio” under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definition—Definitions”. The values other than the “as-is” value may be based on certain assumptions, such as future construction completion, projected re-tenanting or increased tenant occupancies. We cannot assure you that those assumptions are or will be accurate or that any such non-”as-is” value will be the value of the related mortgaged property at maturity or other specified date. In addition, with respect to certain mortgage loans secured by multiple mortgaged properties, the appraised value may be an “as-portfolio” value that assigns a premium to the value of the mortgaged properties as a whole, which value exceeds the sum of their individual appraised values. Such appraised values, the related “as-is” appraised values, and the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity based on both such hypothetical value and the “as-is” appraised value, are set forth under the definition of “LTV Ratio” set forth under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Calculations and Definitions—Definitions”.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Appraisals May Not Reflect Current or Future Market Value of Each Property”.

 

Non-Recourse Carveout Limitations

 

While the Mortgage Loans generally contain non-recourse carveouts for liabilities such as liabilities as a result of fraud by the borrower, certain voluntary insolvency proceedings or other matters, certain of the Mortgage Loans may not contain such carveouts or contain limitations to such carveouts. In general, the liquidity and net worth of a non-recourse guarantor under a Mortgage Loan will be less, and may be materially less, than the outstanding principal amount of that Mortgage Loan. In addition, certain Mortgage Loans have additional limitations to the non-recourse carveouts. See representation and warranty no. 28 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

In addition, there may be impediments and/or difficulties in enforcing some or all of the non-recourse carveout liability obligations of individual guarantors depending on the domicile or citizenship of the guarantor.

 

With respect to the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Mortgage Loan (7.2%), the aggregate liability of the guarantors with respect to any of the guaranteed obligations (other

 

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than with respect to any fraud by the borrower, guarantors or any affiliate under control by the foregoing) under the Mortgage Loan documents is limited to $35,000,000, plus any out of pocket, documented costs and expenses incurred by the lender (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) in connection with the collection of any amounts due thereunder.

 

With respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (3.4%), the Mortgage Loan documents are recourse to the borrower for losses in connection with any transfer (excluding the permitted transfers) of any portion of the Mortgaged Property, except to the extent expressly permitted by the Mortgage Loan documents. Additionally, the related guaranty provides that the liability of the nonrecourse carve-out guarantor for breaches or violations of the full recourse provisions related to bankruptcy or insolvency actions under the Mortgage Loan documents are capped at 20.0% of the outstanding principal balance of the whole loan at the time of the occurrence of such action.

 

With respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (2.4%), the liability of the guarantors for breaches or violations of the nonrecourse carve-out guaranty is capped at $350,000,000 in the aggregate, plus all reasonable, out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including, but not limited to, court costs and fees and reasonable attorney’s fees) incurred by the lender in connection with the enforcement of, or preservation of the lender’s rights under, the guaranty. In addition, the guarantors for the Mortgage Loan are Simon Property Group, L.P., (the “Simon Guarantor“) and Jeffrey Soffer and Jacquelyn Soffer (the “Turnberry Guarantor“). The related guaranty provides that (i) the liability of the Simon Guarantor and the Turnberry Guarantor is on a several and not joint basis (although the constituent Turnberry Guarantors are jointly and severally liable inter se) and (ii) the Turnberry Guarantor is liable only for the acts or omissions of the Turnberry Guarantor and any party that controls or is controlled by the Turnberry Guarantor (a “Turnberry Guarantor Affiliate“) and the Simon Guarantor is liable only for the acts or omissions of the Simon Guarantor and any party that controls or is controlled by the Simon Guarantor (a “Simon Guarantor Affiliate“), except with respect to any guaranteed obligations that (A) are not attributable to any act or omission of a Turnberry Guarantor (or a Turnberry Guarantor Affiliate) or the Simon Guarantor (or a Simon Guarantor Affiliate) or (B) are attributable to an act or omission of both the Turnberry Guarantor (or a Turnberry Guarantor Affiliate) and the Simon Guarantor (or the Simon Guarantor Affiliate), liability is required to be allocated between the Turnberry Guarantor (66.67%) and the Simon Guarantor (33.33%).

 

With respect to the Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Mortgage Loan (1.9%), the related guarantor has provided a full recourse guaranty for the payment in full of the entire outstanding principal balance due under the Mortgage Loan documents (including the payment of any debt service, taxes, insurance and other charges or expenses incurred in connection with the operation of the related Mortgaged Properties).

 

With respect to the Hampton Inn & Suites – Sterling Heights Mortgage Loan (0.9%), the related guarantor has provided a full recourse guaranty for the entire indebtedness under the Mortgage Loan documents.

 

With respect to the Willow Ridge Mortgage Loan (0.7%), the related guarantor has provided a full recourse payment guaranty in an amount up to $568,500 (the “Payment Guaranty“), provided that the Payment Guaranty will expire and be of no further force and effect upon, among other conditions, delivery to the lender of reasonably satisfactory evidence that certain adjacent property owned by an affiliate of the borrower has maintained a stabilized occupancy of at least 85% for at least three consecutive months.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Mortgage Loans Are Non-Recourse and Are Not Insured or Guaranteed”. See also representation and warranty

 

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no. 28 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

Real Estate and Other Tax Considerations

 

Below are descriptions of real estate tax matters relating to certain Mortgaged Properties.

 

• With respect to the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%), in connection with receiving certain tax abatements through the PILOT program offered through the Development Authority of Cobb County, Georgia (the “Development Authority“), the borrower transferred its fee interest in the portion of the Mortgaged Property occupied by the largest tenant to the Development Authority, and the Development Authority then entered into a ground lease with the borrower for the same portion of the Mortgaged Property. The Development Authority also consented to granting to lender a security interest in the ground leased property. At closing, lender has a perfected security interest in the fee and leasehold interests in the Mortgaged Property. In addition, upon termination of these tax abatements on December 1, 2018, the borrower is required to purchase the fee interest in this portion of the Mortgaged Property back from the Development Authority for $100.

 

With respect to the 35 Claver Place Mortgage Loan (2.6%), the related Mortgaged Property is eligible for a partial real estate tax exemption and abatement under New York City’s J-51 Program. The J-51 Program is expected to commence in July 2019 and expire in June 2033, after the Mortgage Loan maturity date. The exemption benefit is subject to all units becoming subject to rent stabilization for the duration of the benefits. The initial in-place rents are the initial legal rents under the rules of the J-51 Program and rent stabilization guidelines will apply. Current rent stabilization guidelines permit a 1.5% rental increase on a 1-year lease renewal and 2.5% rental increase for a 2-year lease renewal. Upon tenant rollover, however, the borrower would expect to increase rents in accordance with vacancy increase guidelines which permit, (i) a 5% increase from the last vacancy lease signed less than two years ago and (ii) a 20% increase from the last vacancy lease signed four or more years ago, assuming a 2-year lease. Real estate taxes were underwritten at the average of the first 10 years of projected real estate taxes payable (after J-51 exemption and abatement), which equals $39,290. There is a reserve account in the amount of $315,000 which amount represents the difference between the amount of real estate taxes that will be due during the first year of the term of the Mortgage Loan in the event that the Mortgaged Property is not entitled to the J-51 Benefits as of July 1, 2019, less the amount of the real estate taxes underwritten by the lender.

 

With respect to the H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio Mortgage Loan (2.3%), the Motor Wheel Lofts Mortgaged Property benefits from Neighborhood Enterprise Zone (“NEZ“) certificates issued by the Michigan State Tax Commission when the Mortgaged Property was developed and rehabilitated into multi-family use. The NEZ certificates exempt the facilities, but not the land, from ad valorem taxes. Pursuant to the NEZ certificates, the tax exemptions commenced on December 31, 2006 and are scheduled to expire on December 30, 2020. The lender underwrote taxes based on the full, unabated taxes.

 

With respect to the Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Mortgage Loan (1.9%), each of the related Mortgaged Properties benefits from a full property tax exemption due to the borrower’s status as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation (which status is contingent upon the continued maintenance of affordable housing restrictions at the

 

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Mortgaged Properties), and the lender underwrote property taxes assuming such exemption will remain in place for the term of the Mortgage Loan. In the event of a foreclosure, the lender or its successor-in-interest may not be able to retain such property tax exemptions. See “—Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks” for additional information.

 

With respect to the Home Depot Technology Center Mortgage Loan (1.7%), the related Mortgaged Property is located within the Marietta Opportunity Zone (the “Opportunity Zone“), as designated by the Georgia Department of Community Affairs. Businesses located within the Opportunity Zone have the ability to qualify for a $3,500 tax credit per employee when two or more eligible new jobs are created within a single tax year, which may be applied against 100% of any Georgia corporate income tax liability. However, each tax credit will expire five years after the creation of such eligible new job.

 

With respect to the Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (1.5%), the four buildings located at the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property each receives a 50.0% real estate tax abatement for eight years commencing on the respective certificate of occupancy date for each building through a Government Property Lease Excise Tax (“GPLET“) abatement with the Arizona Department of Revenue and the City of Tempe. In lieu of paying real estate taxes, the borrower pays to the Arizona Department of Revenue and the City of Tempe, in the form of rent, 50.0% of what the respective buildings’ real estate taxes otherwise would have been (2018 rent due under the GPLET abatement for the four buildings located at the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property was equal to $882,940). The borrower has a leasehold interest in each of the buildings located at the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property, which are subject to the GPLET abatement until expiration of the underlying lease, at which point title in the fee interest will automatically vest in the borrower. Real estate taxes were underwritten based on the 10-year average of each respective building’s current tax amount and full tax amount when the GPLET abatement expires. The 8501 East Raintree Drive Mortgaged Property is not subject to an abatement and real estate taxes were underwritten to the budgeted amount equal to $509,650. In addition, with respect to the 8501 East Raintree Drive Mortgaged Property, such property was legally subdivided from, but is still part of a larger tax parcel with, certain adjacent property that is not part of the collateral for the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

Certain risks relating to real estate taxes regarding the Mortgaged Properties or the borrowers are described in “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Increases in Real Estate Taxes May Reduce Available Funds”.

 

Delinquency Information

 

As of the Cut-off Date, none of the Mortgage Loans will be 30 days or more delinquent and none of the Mortgage Loans have been 30 days or more delinquent since origination. A Mortgage Loan will be treated as 30 days delinquent if the scheduled payment for a due date is not received from the related borrower by the immediately following due date.

 

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Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans

 

Amortization of Principal

 

The Mortgage Loans provide for one or more of the following:

 

Twenty (20) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 46.4% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for interest-only payments for the entire term to stated maturity, with no scheduled amortization prior to that date.

 

Seventeen (17) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 23.7% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for an initial interest-only period that expires between twelve (12) and seventy-two (72) months following the related origination date and thereafter require monthly payments of principal and interest based on amortization schedules significantly longer than the remaining term to stated maturity.

 

Twelve (12) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 21.6% of the Initial Pool Balance, require monthly payments of principal and interest for the entire term to stated maturity.

 

One (1) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 3.5% of the Initial Pool Balance, requires monthly payments of principal and interest for the entire term to Anticipated Repayment Date; provided that if such Mortgage Loan is outstanding from and after the Anticipated Repayment Date occurring approximately twelve years following the related origination date, interest will accrue at the related Revised Rate.

 

One (1) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 3.1% of the Initial Pool Balance, provides for monthly payments of principal and interest for the first 43 payments of the loan term based on an amortization schedule significantly longer than the remaining term to stated maturity, followed by an interest-only period for the next 24 payments of the term, and then monthly payments of principal and interest based on an amortization schedule significantly longer than the remaining term to stated maturity.

 

One (1) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 1.7% of the Initial Pool Balance, provides for interest-only payments for the entire term to Anticipated Repayment Date, with no scheduled amortization prior to that date; provided that if such Mortgage Loan is outstanding from and after the Anticipated Repayment Date occurring approximately ten years following the related origination date, interest will accrue at the related Revised Rate.

 

Amortization Type

 

Number of
Mortgage Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off
Date Balance ($)

 

Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance (%) 

Interest-only, Balloon  20     $387,209,000   46.4%
Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon  18      223,641,500   26.8   
Amortizing Balloon  12      179,783,444   21.6   
Amortizing ARD  1   29,000,000   3.5   
Interest-only, ARD  1   14,300,000   1.7   
Total:  52     $833,933,944   100.0%

 

Information regarding the scheduled amortization characteristics of each Mortgage Loan is set forth on Annex A-1 to this prospectus and the footnotes thereto. The amortization schedules for the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%) and the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%), are set forth on Annex A-4 and Annex A-5, respectively.

 

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Due Dates; Mortgage Rates; Calculations of Interest

 

Subject in some cases to a next business day convention, all of the Mortgage Loans have due dates upon which scheduled payments of principal, interest or both are required to be made by the related borrower under the related Mortgage Note (each such date, a “Due Date“) that occur as described in the following table:

 

Overview of Due Dates

 

Due Date

 

Number of
Mortgage Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off
Date Balance

 

Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance

1  8  $131,604,372   15.8%
5  1   14,300,000   1.7   
6  27      529,891,141   63.5   
10  1   9,553,431   1.1   
11  15      148,585,000   17.8   
Total:   52    $833,933,944   100.0%

 

The Mortgage Loans have grace periods as set forth in the following table:

 

Overview of Grace Periods

 

Grace Period (Days)

Number of
Mortgage Loans

Aggregate Cut-off
Date Balance

Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance

0(1)(2) 46 $                 750,329,572   90.0%
5 6                      83,604,372 10.0
Total:

52

$                 833,933,944

100.0%

 

 

(1)       Includes the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (3.4%), which has one 1-day grace period for any monthly payment, provided that such 1-day grace period may only be used once during any twelve-month period during the term of the related Mortgage Loan.

 

(2)       Includes the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan (3.2%), which has two 5-day grace periods for any monthly payment, provided that such 5-day grace period may only be used once during any twelve-month period during the term of the Mortgage Loan.

 

As used in this prospectus, “grace period” is the number of days before a payment default is an event of default under the terms of each Mortgage Loan. See Annex A-1 for information on the number of days before late payment charges are due under the Mortgage Loans. The information on Annex A-1 regarding the number of days before a late payment charge is due is based on the express terms of the Mortgage Loans. Some jurisdictions may impose a statutorily longer period.

 

All of the Mortgage Loans are secured by first liens on, or security interests in fee simple, leasehold or a similar interest in the related Mortgaged Properties, subject to the permitted exceptions reflected in the related title insurance policy. All of the Mortgage Loans bear fixed interest rates.

 

All of the Mortgage Loans accrue interest on the basis of the actual number of days in a month, assuming a 360-day year (“Actual/360 Basis“).

 

ARD Loans

 

Two (2) Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Franklin Towne Center and Home Depot Technology Center (each, an “ARD Loan“), representing approximately 5.2% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide that,

 

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after a certain date (the “Anticipated Repayment Date“ or “ARD“), if the borrower has not prepaid the ARD Loan in full, any principal outstanding on that date will accrue interest at an increased interest rate (the “Revised Rate“) rather than the stated Mortgage Rate (the “Initial Rate“). See Annex A-1 for the Anticipated Repayment Date for the ARD Loans.

 

With respect to the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan (3.5%), the related Revised Rate is equal to the greater of (i) the related Initial Rate plus 300 basis points and (ii) the 10-year swap yield as of the related Anticipated Repayment Date plus 300 basis points; provided that interest accrued after the ARD will continue to be currently payable at the Initial Interest Rate with payment of the excess interest to be deferred until the outstanding principal balance of the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan is paid in full.

 

With respect to the Home Depot Technology Center Mortgage Loan (1.7%), the related Revised Rate is equal to a rate of 8.001% per annum.

 

The Home Depot Technology Center Mortgage Loan (1.7%) is interest-only for its full term. Consequently, the repayment of such ARD Loan in full on its Anticipated Repayment Date would require a substantial payment of principal on that date (except to the extent that such ARD Loan is repaid prior thereto).

 

The ARD provisions described above, to the extent applicable, may result in an incentive for the borrower to repay the ARD Loan on or before its Anticipated Repayment Date but the borrower will have no obligation to do so. We make no statement regarding the likelihood that such ARD Loan will be repaid on its Anticipated Repayment Date.

 

After its Anticipated Repayment Date, an ARD Loan further requires that all cash flow available from the related Mortgaged Properties after payment of the monthly debt service payments required under the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents and all escrows and property expenses required under the related Mortgage Loan documents be used to accelerate amortization of principal (without payment of any Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium) on such ARD Loan. While interest at the Initial Rate continues to accrue and be payable on a current basis on an ARD Loan after its Anticipated Repayment Date, the payment of Excess Interest, to the extent actually collected, will be deferred and will be required to be paid, only after the outstanding principal balance of such ARD Loan has been paid in full, at which time the Excess Interest will be paid to the holders of the Class V certificates. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks of Anticipated Repayment Date Loans”.

 

Prepayment Protections and Certain Involuntary Prepayments and Voluntary Prepayments

 

Voluntary prepayments, if permitted, generally require the payment of a Yield Maintenance Charge or a Prepayment Premium unless the Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable) is prepaid within a specified period (ranging from approximately three to seven months) up to and including the stated maturity date. See Annex A-1 and Annex A-2 for more information on the prepayment protections attributable to the Mortgage Loans on a loan-by-loan basis and a pool basis.

 

Additionally, certain Mortgage Loans may provide that in the event of the exercise of a purchase option by a tenant or the sale of real property or the release of a portion of the Mortgaged Property, that the related Mortgage Loans may be prepaid in part prior to the expiration of a prepayment/defeasance lockout provision. See “—Releases; Partial Releases” below.

 

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Generally, no Yield Maintenance Charge will be required for prepayments in connection with a casualty or condemnation, unless, in the case of most of the Mortgage Loans, an event of default has occurred and is continuing. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions” in the prospectus. In addition, certain of the Mortgage Loans permit the related borrower, after a total or partial casualty or partial condemnation, to prepay the remaining principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or, if the affected Mortgaged Property is part of a portfolio, a property-specific release price (after application of the related insurance proceeds or condemnation award to pay the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan), which may not be accompanied by any prepayment consideration.

 

Certain of the Mortgage Loans are secured in part by letters of credit and/or cash reserves that in each such case:

 

will be released to the related borrower upon satisfaction by the related borrower of certain performance related conditions, which may include, in some cases, meeting debt service coverage ratio levels and/or satisfying leasing conditions; and

 

if not so released, may, at the discretion of the lender, prior to loan maturity (or earlier loan default or loan acceleration), be drawn on and/or applied to prepay the subject Mortgage Loan if such performance related conditions are not satisfied within specified time periods.

 

See Annex A-1 and Annex A-3 for more information on reserves relating to the largest 15 Mortgage Loans.

 

Voluntary Prepayments

 

As of origination, the following prepayment restrictions and defeasance provisions applied to the Mortgage Loans:

 

Forty-eight (48) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 87.9% of the Initial Pool Balance, each prohibit voluntary principal prepayments during a specified period of time (each, a “Lock-out Period“) but permit the related borrower (after an initial period of at least two years following the date of initial issuance of the Offered Certificates) for a specified period to defease the related Mortgage Loan by pledging non-callable United States Treasury obligations and other non-callable government securities within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act, as amended (“Government Securities“) that provide for payment on or prior to each Due Date through and including the maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable (or, in some cases, such earlier Due Date on which the Mortgage Loan becomes freely prepayable), of amounts at least equal to the amounts that would have been payable or outstanding, as applicable, on those dates under the terms of the subject Mortgage Loan and obtaining the release of the related Mortgaged Property from the lien of the related mortgage, and thereafter such Mortgage Loan is freely prepayable.

 

Two (2) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 5.5% of the Initial Pool Balance, each prohibit voluntary principal prepayments during a Lock-out Period, and following such Lock-out Period, for a specified period of time, permit the related borrower to make voluntary principal prepayments upon the payment of the greater of a Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium, and thereafter such Mortgage Loan is freely prepayable.

 

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One (1) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 3.6% of the Initial Pool Balance, prohibits voluntary principal prepayments during a Lock-out Period, and following such Lock-out Period, for a specified period of time, permits the related borrower to make voluntary principal prepayments upon the payment of the greater of a Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium, and thereafter, for a specified period of time, permits the related borrower to defease the Mortgage Loan by the pledging of Government Securities that provide for payment on or prior to each Due Date through and including the maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date or make voluntary principal prepayments upon the payment of the greater of a Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium, and thereafter such Mortgage Loan is freely prepayable.

 

One (1) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 3.0% of the Initial Pool Balance, prohibits voluntary principal prepayments during a Lock-out Period, and following such Lock-out Period, for a specified period of time, permits the related borrower to defease the Mortgage Loan by the pledging of Government Securities that provide for payment on or prior to each Due Date through and including the maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date or make voluntary principal prepayments upon the payment of the greater of a Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium, and thereafter such Mortgage Loan is freely prepayable.

 

Prepayment restrictions for each Mortgage Loan reflect the entire life of the Mortgage Loan. Some Mortgage Loans may be sufficiently seasoned that their Lock-out Periods have expired. See Annex A-1 to this prospectus, including the footnotes thereto, for individual prepayment restrictions and seasoning applicable to each Mortgage Loan.

 

The Mortgage Loans generally permit voluntary prepayment without payment of a Yield Maintenance Charge or any Prepayment Premium during a limited “open period” immediately prior to and including the stated maturity date, as follows:

 

Prepayment Open Periods

 

Open Periods
(Payments)

Number of
Mortgage Loans

% of Initial Pool
Balance

2-3 8  17.9%
4-6 37   64.0
7 7 18.1
Total

52  

100.0%

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Relating to Enforceability of Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Defeasance Provisions”.

 

“Due-On-Sale” and “Due-On-Encumbrance” Provisions

 

The Mortgage Loans generally contain “due-on-sale” and “due-on-encumbrance” clauses, which in each case permits the holder of the Mortgage Loan to accelerate the maturity of the related Mortgage Loan if the related borrower sells or otherwise transfers or encumbers (subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Mortgage Loan documents) the related Mortgaged Property or a controlling interest in the borrower without the consent of the mortgagee (which, in some cases, may not be unreasonably withheld). Many of the Mortgage Loans place certain restrictions (subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Mortgage Loan documents) on the transfer and/or pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower such as specific percentage or control limitations. The terms of the mortgages generally permit, subject to certain limitations, affiliate, estate planning and family transfers, transfers at death, transfers of interest in a

 

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public company, the transfer or pledge of less than, or other than, a controlling portion of the partnership, members’ or other equity interests in a borrower, the transfer or pledge of passive equity interests in a borrower (such as limited partnership interests and non-managing member interests in a limited liability company) and transfers to persons specified in or satisfying qualification criteria set forth in the related Mortgage Loan documents. Certain of the Mortgage Loans do not restrict the pledging of direct or indirect ownership interests in the related borrower, but do restrict the transfer of ownership interests in the related borrower by imposing a specific percentage, a control limitation or requiring the consent of the mortgagee to any such transfer. Generally, the Mortgage Loans do not prohibit (i) transfers of non-controlling interests so long as no change of control results or, (ii) with respect to Mortgage Loans to tenant-in-common borrowers, transfers to new tenant-in-common borrowers. Certain of the Mortgage Loans do not prohibit the pledge by direct or indirect owners of the related borrower of equity distributions that may be made from time to time by the borrower to its equity owners.

 

Additionally, certain of the Mortgage Loans provide that transfers of the Mortgaged Property are permitted if certain conditions are satisfied, which may include one or more of the following:

 

no event of default has occurred;

 

the proposed transferee is creditworthy and has sufficient experience in the ownership and management of properties similar to the Mortgaged Property;

 

a Rating Agency Confirmation has been obtained from each of the Rating Agencies;

 

the transferee has executed and delivered an assumption agreement evidencing its agreement to abide by the terms of the Mortgage Loan together with legal opinions and title insurance endorsements; and

 

the assumption fee has been received (which assumption fee will be paid as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses”, but will in no event be paid to the Certificateholders); however, certain of the Mortgage Loans allow the borrower to sell or otherwise transfer the related Mortgaged Property a limited number of times without paying an assumption fee.

 

Transfers resulting from the foreclosure of a pledge of the collateral for a mezzanine loan (if any) will also result in a permitted transfer. See “—Additional Indebtedness” below.

 

Defeasance

 

The terms of fifty (50) of the Mortgage Loans (the “Defeasance Loans“), representing approximately 94.5% of the Initial Pool Balance, permit the applicable borrower at any time (provided that no event of default exists) after a specified period (the “Defeasance Lock-Out Period“) to obtain a release of a Mortgaged Property from the lien of the related Mortgage (a “Defeasance Option“) in connection with a defeasance. With respect to all of the Defeasance Loans, the Defeasance Lock-Out Period ends at least two years after the Closing Date.

 

Exercise of a Defeasance Option is also generally conditioned on, among other things, (a) the borrower providing the mortgagee with at least 30 days prior written notice of the date on which such defeasance will occur (such date, the “Release Date“), and (b) the borrower (A) paying on any Release Date (i) all accrued and unpaid interest on the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan (or, the related Whole Loan) up to and including the Release

 

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Date, (ii) all other sums (excluding scheduled interest or principal payments due following the Release Date), due under the Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable) and under all other Mortgage Loan documents executed in connection with the Defeasance Option, (iii) an amount (the “Defeasance Deposit“) that will be sufficient to (x) purchase non-callable obligations of, or backed by the full faith and credit of, the United States of America or, in certain cases, other “government securities” (within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and otherwise satisfying REMIC requirements for defeasance collateral), that provide payments (1) on or prior to, but as close as possible to, all successive scheduled due dates occurring during the period from the Release Date to the related maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date (or to the first day of the open period for such Mortgage Loan) (or Whole Loan, if applicable) and (2) in amounts equal to the scheduled payments due on such due dates under the Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable), or under the defeased portion of the Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable) in the case of a partial defeasance, including in the case of a Mortgage Loan with a balloon payment due at maturity or anticipated to be paid on the related Anticipated Repayment Date, the related balloon payment, and (y) pay any costs and expenses incurred in connection with the purchase of such government securities, and (B) delivering a security agreement granting the issuing entity a first priority lien on the Defeasance Deposit and, in certain cases, the government securities purchased with the Defeasance Deposit and an opinion of counsel to such effect. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations May Assign Different Ratings to the Certificates; Ratings of the Certificates Reflect Only the Views of the Applicable Rating Agencies as of the Dates Such Ratings Were Issued; Ratings May Affect ERISA Eligibility; Ratings May Be Downgraded”. See also representation and warranty no. 34 on Annex D-1 and the exceptions thereto on Annex D-2 (subject to the limitations and qualifications set forth in the preamble to Annex D-1).

 

For additional information on Mortgage Loans that permit partial defeasance, see “—Releases; Partial Releases” below.

 

In general, if consistent with the related Mortgage Loan documents, a successor borrower established, designated or approved by the master servicer will assume the obligations of the related borrower exercising a Defeasance Option and the borrower will be relieved of its obligations under the Mortgage Loan. If a Mortgage Loan (or Whole Loan, if applicable) is partially defeased, if consistent with the related Mortgage Loan documents, generally the related promissory note will be split and only the defeased portion of the borrower’s obligations will be transferred to the successor borrower.

 

Releases; Partial Releases

 

The Mortgage Loans described below permit the release of one or more of the Mortgaged Properties or a portion of a single Mortgaged Property in connection with a partial defeasance, a partial prepayment or a partial substitution, subject to the satisfaction of certain specified conditions, including the REMIC requirements. Additionally, certain Mortgage Loans permit the addition of real property to the Mortgage Loan collateral.

 

With respect to the Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan (4.8%), following the prepayment lockout period, the Mortgage Loan documents permit partial releases of any of the 6 individual properties, subject to certain conditions, including: (i) no event of default shall have occurred or be continuing , (ii) the partial release shall be in connection with a bona fide sale to an unaffiliated third party, (iii) partial prepayment of the loan in an amount equal to greater of (a) 90% of the net sales proceeds, (b) 115% of the allocated amount for the release property, (c) an amount that would result in the post-release debt yield of the remaining property being no

 

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less than 8.4%, (d) an amount that would result in the post-release LTV for the remaining property being no more than the lesser of the LTV of the entire property prior to the release and 70.3%, and (e) the amount required to comply with REMIC requirements, (iv) payment of the yield maintenance premium, (v) a rating agency confirmation, and (vi) an opinion of counsel that the partial release satisfies REMIC requirements.

 

With respect to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.6%), the Mortgage Loan documents permit partial releases of an individual property either in connection with a partial defeasance or a partial prepayment with a yield maintenance-based premium (provided that the same method used for the first partial release shall also be used for subsequent partial release) subject to certain conditions, including: (a) with respect to a partial release effected in connection with partial defeasance, (i) such partial release is following the defeasance lockout period, and (ii) a partial defeasance of a portion of the loan in an amount equal to greater of (1) (A) if less than 10% of the original principal balance has been prepaid after giving effect to the partial release, 105% of the allocated loan amount, (B) if more than 10% but less than or equal to 20% of the original principal balance has been prepaid after giving effect to the partial release, 110% of the allocated loan amount, and (C) thereafter, 115% of the allocated loan amount (provided, that, if the prepayment in connection with a partial release shall cause the aggregate amount of the loan which has been prepaid to exceed either threshold in clause (A) or (B), then the release price for that such partial release shall be the applicable allocated loan amount multiplied by the pro rata weighed average of the release price premiums listed in clauses (A) or (B)) (the “Release Price“), or (2) an amount that would result in the post-release debt yield for the remaining property being not less than greater of (1) the pre-release debt yield and (2) 10.81% (the “Release Debt Yield“); (b) with respect to a partial release effected in connection with a partial prepayment, (i) such partial release is after September 11, 2019, (ii) payment of the Release Price together with the applicable yield maintenance premium, and (iii) the post-release debt yield for the remaining property is not less than the Release Debt Yield (provided, that, the borrower may satisfy the Release Debt Yield requirement by either (1) prepaying such amount needed to achieve the Release Debt Yield together with the applicable yield maintenance premium or (2) depositing cash into the cash collateral reserve or delivering a letter of credit in an amount that if applied as a prepayment would result in the Release Debt Yield being achieved); (c) with respect to any partial release, no event of default; and (d) with respect to any partial release, the individual property being released will be conveyed either to (i) a bona fide third party, or (ii) a borrower affiliate if such conveyance is done on arms’ length terms and the borrower delivers to the lender a new non-consolidation opinion, among other things. The allocated loan amount for each property is subject to pro rata reduction to account for previous prepayments under the loan, including in connection with prior partial releases and partial defeasances. Notwithstanding the foregoing conditions, in the event there is a non-monetary event of default that relates to a specific individual property (the “Defaulted Property“) and the borrower has demonstrated that the borrower and the operating lessee have exercised commercially reasonable efforts to cure and such event of default is not the result or willful misconduct or bad faith actions, then the borrower will be permitted to obtain a partial release of such Defaulted Property subject to all of the foregoing conditions except the requirements that (i) such partial release occur after the defeasance lockout period or prepayment lockout period in connection with a partial prepayment (not a partial defeasance), (ii) no event of default but only so long as the only continuing event of default shall be

 

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cured by virtue of the partial release, and (iii) if the individual property is being conveyed to a borrower affiliate that it be on arms’ length terms.

 

With respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (3.4%), the borrower has the right to release from the lien of the Mortgage Loan documents: (1) that certain parcel that is currently occupied by Cabela’s, the second largest tenant at the Mortgaged Property, and/or that certain parcel that is currently occupied by Cinemark, the third largest tenant at the Mortgaged Property (each, an “Outlot Parcel“), to a transferee who is not an affiliate of the borrower that is either a national tenant or approved by the lender in its reasonable discretion, so long as the conditions under the Mortgage Loan documents are satisfied, including: (i) the borrower provides the lender with ten (10) days’ written notice, (ii) at the request of the lender, the borrower delivers a REMIC opinion, (iii) the borrower provides the lender with a rating agency confirmation, (iv) the borrower makes a partial prepayment of the Mortgage Loan in an amount equal to the greatest of (a) 125% of the allocated loan amount (i.e., $8,400,000 with respect to the Cabela’s parcel and $6,600,000 with respect to the Cinemark parcel) for such Outlot Parcel, (b) the net sales proceeds received by the borrower with respect to such transfer, and (c) any “qualified amount” necessary to comply with any applicable REMIC requirements, which partial prepayment, if made prior six (6) months before the maturity date of the Mortgage Loan, will be accompanied by a payment of the yield maintenance premium; provided, however, in lieu of making any such prepayment, at the borrower’s election prior to the release of such Outlot Parcel, the borrower may either (A) deposit cash with the lender in the amount of such prepayment (exclusive of the yield maintenance premium) as additional reserve funds, which the lender will hold in an additional reserve account, or (B) deliver to the lender a letter of credit in the amount of such prepayment (exclusive of the yield maintenance premium), and (v) the loan-to-value ratio must be less than or equal to 125% immediately after the release of the Outlot Parcel, provided that the borrower may prepay the “qualified amount’ in order to meet the loan-to-value ratio (with the payment of a yield maintenance premium); (2) certain vacant, non-income producing and unimproved portions of the Mortgaged Property (the “Release Parcel“), so long as the conditions under the Mortgage Loan documents are satisfied, including: (i) the borrower provides the lender with ten (10) days’ written notice, (ii) at the request of the lender, the borrower delivers a REMIC opinion, and (iii) the loan-to-value ratio immediately after the release of the Release Parcel must be less than or equal to 125%, provided that the borrower may prepay the “qualified amount” in order to meet this loan-to-value ratio; and (3) the portion of the Mortgaged Property occupied by Target (the “Target Parcel“), if Target, the largest tenant at the Mortgaged Property, exercises its purchase option, provided the conditions under the Mortgage Loan documents are satisfied, including: (i) the loan-to-value ratio after the release of the Target Parcel must be less than or equal to 125% and the borrower must prepay the qualified amount (with the payment of a yield maintenance premium) in order to meet the foregoing loan-to-value ratio, and (ii) the borrower agrees that the purchase option will not be exercised in the event that (a) borrower or a controlling affiliate of the borrower acquires Target’s interests under its lease and (b) such option had not theretofore been exercised in accordance with the Target lease.

 

With respect to the Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.0%), the Mortgage Loan documents permit the release of any of the related Mortgaged Properties; provided that, among other things, (a) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (b) the borrower either partially defeases or partially prepays (along with any applicable yield maintenance premium) the Mortgage Loan in an

 

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amount equal to 110% of the allocated loan amount of the Mortgaged Property being released; (c) the net cash flow debt yield for the remaining Mortgaged Properties immediately following the release is equal to or greater than the greater of (i) 11.0% and (ii) the net cash flow debt yield immediately prior to the release; provided that the borrower has the right to partially defease or prepay the Mortgage Loan further in order to meet such debt yield test; (d) a legal opinion covering compliance in all respects with all laws, rules and regulations governing REMICs has been delivered; and (e) in connection with a partial defeasance, Rating Agency Confirmation is received. The allocated loan amount for each of the related Mortgaged Properties is subject to pro rata reduction to account for previous prepayments and partial defeasances.

 

With respect to the California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.0%), after the expiration of the related lockout period, the borrowers are permitted to obtain the release of the Absolute Self Storage Mortgaged Property (the “Release Property“) after the release and prior to the open period start date, provided that, among other conditions: (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (ii) payment of principal and interest due and payable on the Mortgage Loan, including all escrow, closing, recording legal, appraisal, rating agency and other out-of-pocket fees, costs and expenses paid or incurred by the lender; (iii) execution of all necessary documents to modify the loan agreement; (iv) an opinion of counsel; (v) rating agency confirmation; (vi) the Release Property will be conveyed either to a bona fide third party as part of a bona fide arms-length transaction; (vii) a partial defeasance of the loan in an amount equal to the greater of (A) $6,600,000 (based on 120% of the allocated loan amount for the Release Property) and (B) the net sales proceeds of the Release Property; (viii) after giving effect to the release, a debt service coverage ratio equal to or greater than (A) the debt service coverage ratio in effect immediately prior to release, and (B) the debt service coverage ratio for the loan as of the origination date; (ix) after giving effect to the release, an loan to value ratio no greater than the lesser of (A) the loan to value ratio in effect immediately prior to release, and (B) the loan to value ratio as of the origination date; and (x) satisfaction of customary REMIC requirements.

 

With respect to the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Mortgage Loan (2.7%), after the expiration of the related lockout period, the borrower is permitted to obtain the release of any individual Mortgaged Property in connection with an arm’s length bona fide sale to an unaffiliated third party, provided that, among other conditions, (i) the borrower partially prepays the Mortgage Loan in an amount equal to the greater of (a) 120% of the allocated loan amount for such Mortgaged Property and (b) 100% of the net sales proceeds for such Mortgaged Property; (ii) after giving effect to such release, (a) the DSCR for the remaining Mortgaged Property is greater than or equal to the greater of (1) the combined DSCR for all individual Mortgaged Properties immediately prior to the release (or the date of notice of release, as applicable) and (2) a combined DSCR of 1.15x, (b) the debt yield for the remaining Mortgaged Property is greater than or equal to the greater of (1) the debt yield for all individual Mortgaged Properties immediately prior to the release (or the date of notice of release, as applicable and (2) 7.28% and (c) the LTV for the remaining Mortgaged Property is no greater than the lesser of (1) 75% or (2) the LTV for all of the Mortgaged Properties immediately prior to the release (or the date of notice of release); (iii) satisfaction of any conditions precedent to such release under the related mezzanine loan documents; and (iv) satisfaction of customary REMIC requirements.

 

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With respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (2.4%), the borrower, without the consent of the lender, servicer, investor, the rating agencies or any other person, may (i) make transfers of immaterial or non-income producing portions of the property to any federal, state or local government or any political subdivision thereof in connection with takings or condemnations of any portion of the Mortgaged Property for dedication or public use, (ii) make transfers of non-income producing portions of the Mortgaged Property (including, without limitation, certain outparcels of the property’s parking lot (the “Parking Lot Outparcels“) and portions of the Mortgaged Property’s “ring road”) to third parties or affiliates of the borrower, and (iii) dedicate portions of the Mortgaged Property or grant easements, restrictions, covenants, reservations and rights of way in the ordinary course of business for traffic circulation, ingress, egress, parking, access, utilities lines or for other similar purposes; provided, with respect to any of the transfers in (ii) through (iii) above, no transfer, conveyance or other encumbrance may result in a material adverse effect based upon an officer’s certificate delivered to the lender, and, further provided that, with respect to the transfers in (ii) above, the borrower will be required to deliver to the lender, among other things, (A) legal opinions, title insurance or other evidence reasonably satisfactory to the lender to the effect that the transferred portion of the Mortgaged Property constitutes or will constitute one or more complete tax lots (except with respect to the Parking Lot Outparcels, so long as an application therefor is filed for such separate tax lots no later than 60 days from the date of such transfer) and, if applicable, has been legally subdivided and after giving effect to such transfer the remaining portion of the property complies with applicable zoning, parking and other legal requirements, (B) evidence reasonably satisfactory to the lender that such transfer will not eliminate or materially interfere with the ingress and egress required for the operation and use of or materially interfere with the operation and use of the remaining portion of the Mortgaged Property by the borrower or any of the tenants unless (with respect to such ingress and egress) the borrower has entered into reciprocal easement to provide for an additional or substitute means of ingress or egress, (C) a certification that after such transfer, the borrower continues to be a special purpose entity, and (D) a REMIC opinion.

 

With respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (2.4%), in the event that J.C. Penney Corporation, Inc. (“JCPenney“) or any of Macy’s Men’s Home Furnishings, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s and Nordstrom ceases operations or seeks to assign the related lease, as applicable, to any person or in any manner that is not expressly permitted under the related lease, as applicable, the borrower has the right without the consent of the lender to (x) enter into a ground lease for the entirety of the JCPenney parcel or department store parcel (a “Department Store Ground Lease“) with a tenant that is a third-party or an affiliate of the borrower and (y) obtain the release of the lien on the ground leasehold estate created by the Department Store Ground Lease, including the improvements on the JCPenney parcel or applicable department Store parcel from the lien of the Mortgage Loan upon satisfaction of certain terms and conditions including, without limitation: (i) the Department Store Ground Lease is in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the lender; (ii) the lessee under the Department Store Ground Lease (or an affiliated guarantor) is a credit-worthy party acceptable to the lender; and (iii) the Department Store Ground Lease expires not less than 20 years after the related maturity date of the Mortgage Loan.

 

With respect to the H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio Mortgage Loan (2.3%), the Mortgage Loan documents permit a release of an individual property in connection with a partial defeasance subject to certain conditions, including: (i) no event of default, (ii)

 

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the partial release follows the defeasance lockout period, (iii) the borrower provides the lender with thirty (30) days’ prior written notice, (iv) the borrower pays the lender all sums due through and including the partial defeasance date (or if the partial defeasance date is not a payment date, the next occurring payment date) and all other fees and expenses in connection with the partial defeasance event, (v) the borrower deposits the partial defeasance collateral into the partial defeasance collateral account, complying with the provisions of the loan agreement, (vi) the borrower delivers to the lender, among other things, a partial defeasance security agreement, an opinion of counsel, a rating agency confirmation, an officer’s certificate, subdivision and zoning approvals, required title insurance endorsements and surveys and such other certificates and documents as the lender may reasonably request, (vii) satisfaction of customary REMIC requirements, (viii) in connection with each partial defeasance event, the partial defeasance deposit is an amount sufficient to defease a portion of the Mortgage Loan equal to the greater of (A) 120% of the partial defeasance price for the release parcel and (B) an amount such that, after the partial defeasance event, (1) the debt service coverage ratio for the undefeased note, based on underwritable cash flow from the remaining property, will not be less than the greater of (a) the debt service coverage ratio for the loan as of the origination date and (b) the debt service coverage ratio immediately prior to the partial defeasance date, (2) the debt yield for the undefeased note from the remaining property, will not be less than the greater of (a) 8.5% and (b) the debt yield for the Mortgage Loan, based on net operating income from both the release parcel and the remaining property, immediately prior to the partial defeasance date; and (3) the loan to value ratio for the remaining property will not exceed the lesser of (a) the loan to value ratio as of the origination date and (b) the loan to value ratio immediately prior to such release, and (ix) the release parcel is conveyed to a party that is not an affiliate of the borrower.

 

With respect to The Tannery Mortgage Loan (1.6%), after the expiration of the related lockout period, the borrower is permitted to obtain the free release of an unimproved parcel of vacant land (“The Tannery Release Parcel“) in connection with a transfer of The Tannery Release Parcel (which transfer may be to an affiliate of the borrower)provided that, among other conditions, (i) the transfer of The Tannery Release Parcel does not (a) materially and adversely impact the use, operation of or access to the remaining Mortgaged Property (b) cause a zoning violation or (c) violate the material terms of any instrument, including any lease, related to the Mortgaged Property, (iii) in the event The Tannery Release Parcel is developed for office use, compliance by the borrower, guarantor and their affiliates with certain anti-poaching restrictions, and (iv) satisfaction of customary REMIC requirements.

 

With respect the Century Town Center Mortgage Loan (1.4%), certain portions of the related Mortgaged Property maintained by the borrower are used for drainage purposes as required by the related municipality pursuant to an easement to the benefit of the municipality (collectively, the “Drainage Parcel“). The borrower is permitted to obtain the free release of the Drainage Parcel in connection with a transfer to any applicable governmental authority provided that, among other conditions, (i) the transfer of the Drainage Parcel does not (a) materially and adversely impact the use, operation of or access to the remaining Mortgaged Property, (b) cause a zoning violation or (c) violate the material terms of any instruments, including any lease, related to the Mortgaged Property, (ii) after giving effect to such release, the borrower will have no further obligations with respect to the Drainage Parcel, and any failure to maintain the Drainage Parcel will not impact

 

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the remaining Mortgaged Property and (iii) satisfaction of customary REMIC requirements.

 

With respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%), the related borrower is permitted to obtain the release of one or more non-income-producing outparcels and/or ring road parcels identified in the loan documents (a) with respect to a non-income producing outparcel (x) at any time in connection with the expansion or other development of the Mortgaged Property or (y) in connection with the demolition and redevelopment of anchor space not owned by the Borrower and (b) with respect to a ring road outparcel, at any time for any reason, in each case subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including: (i) the existence of no event of default; (ii) the release parcel being conveyed to a person other than the borrower or an affiliate of the borrower (provided that, in connection with the acquisition and redevelopment of non-collateral anchor space by an affiliate of the borrower, only if the parcel to be released is a non-income producing outparcel, such parcel may be conveyed to an affiliate if the borrower delivers to the lender an additional insolvency opinion and the borrower agrees to comply with certain anti-poaching conditions); (iii) the release not resulting in a material adverse effect or materially impairing the operation, value or use of the remaining property; (iv) delivery of a REMIC opinion and, after giving effect to the release, satisfaction of the REMIC loan-to-value test (including through a prepayment); and (v) with respect to the release of a ring road outparcel, the borrower delivering 100% of net sales proceeds for deposit into the tenant improvement and leasing commission reserve.

 

With respect to the CLC Self Storage Portfolio Mortgage Loan (0.8%), following the defeasance lockout period, the loan documents permit the partial release of either (1) the Loveland, Colorado property or (2) both of the Oklahoma City, Oklahoma properties (but not individually), is permitted, subject to certain conditions, including: (i) partial defeasance of the loan in an amount equal to the sum of 125% of the allocated amount for the related release property; (ii) the post-release LTV for the remaining property is not greater than 65%; and (iii) the post-release debt yield for the remaining property is no less than 9.5%; (iv) an opinion of counsel that the partial defeasance satisfies REMIC requirements; and (v) a rating agency confirmation.

 

With respect to the 225 Carolina Mortgage Loan (0.7%), the related Mortgage Loan documents require the borrower to acquire the fee simple interest in certain unimproved, adjacent parcels (collectively, the “Additional Property“) currently owned by an affiliate of the borrower provided, among other conditions, (i) the borrower executes any documents necessary to subject the Additional Property to the lien of the Mortgage Loan documents, (ii) the borrower delivers to the lender an acceptable Phase I environmental site assessment with respect to the Additional Property and (iii) customary REMIC requirements are satisfied.

 

With respect to the New London Square Mortgage Loan (0.6%), following the defeasance lockout period, the loan documents permit the partial release of an outparcel currently leased to Williamson Brothers BBQ, subject to certain conditions, including: (i) partial defeasance of the loan in an amount equal to $1,700,000 (based on 125% of the allocated loan amount for the release parcel); (ii) the post-release LTV for the remaining property is not greater than the lesser of (A) 65% and (B) the pre-release LTV or the LTV as of the Partial Defeasance Notice Date, as applicable; (iii) the post-release DSCR for the remaining property is not less than greater of (A) 2.00x and (B) the pre-release DSCR or the DSCR as of the Partial Defeasance Notice Date, as applicable; (iv) the post-release debt yield for the remaining property is not

 

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less than the greater of (A) 12.5% and (B) the pre-release debt yield or the debt yield as of the Partial Defeasance Notice Date, as applicable; (v) the post-release economic and physical occupancy of the remaining property is not less than the greater of (A) 90.0% or (B) the economic and physical occupancy of the property as of the Partial Defeasance Notice Date; (vi) an opinion of counsel that the partial defeasance satisfies REMIC requirements; and (vii) if specifically required by the terms of the applicable pooling and servicing agreement, a rating agency confirmation.

 

Furthermore, some of the Mortgage Loans permit the release or substitution of specified parcels of real estate or improvements that secure the Mortgage Loans but were not assigned any material value or considered a source of any material cash flow for purposes of determining the related Appraised Value or Underwritten Net Cash Flow or considered material to the use or operation of the property or permit the general right to release as yet unidentified parcels if they are non-income producing so long as such release does not materially adversely affect the use or value of the remaining property, among other things. Such real estate may be permitted to be released, subject to certain REMIC rules, without payment of a release price and consequent reduction of the principal balance of the subject Mortgage Loan or substitution of additional collateral if zoning and other conditions are satisfied. We cannot assure you that the development of a release parcel, even if approved by the special servicer as having no material adverse effect to the remaining property, may not for some period of time either disrupt operations or lessen the value of the remaining property.

 

Escrows

 

Forty-one (41) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 80.3% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for monthly or upfront escrows to cover ongoing replacements and capital repairs, planned expenditures, franchise-mandated property improvement plans or deferred maintenance.

 

Forty (40) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 74.1% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for monthly or upfront escrows to cover property taxes on the Mortgaged Properties.

 

Twenty-six (26) of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 48.3% of the Initial Pool Balance, provide for monthly or upfront escrows to cover insurance premiums on the Mortgaged Properties.

 

With respect to the Riverworks Mortgage Loan (4.6%), at origination, the borrower delivered to the lender a letter of credit in an amount equal to $5,629,000 (the “Earnout Letter of Credit“) in lieu of a cash deposit (which Earnout Letter of Credit may, from time to time, be substituted by the borrower for a letter of credit in a reduced amount, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the related Mortgage Loan documents). The borrower may obtain a release of the Earnout Letter of Credit (the “Earnout Release Date“) when, as of any given date, (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing and (ii) the debt yield is equal to or greater than 10% (collectively, the “Earnout Release Conditions“), provided that the Earnout Release Date may only occur during the period from and after the origination date through October 15, 2021. In the event the borrower does not satisfy the Earnout Release Conditions on or before October 15, 2021, then (i) the lender is required to draw upon the Earnout Letter of Credit in full and apply such funds to the payment of the then-outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan and (ii) the borrower is required to pay the lender any applicable yield maintenance premium.

 

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Certain of the Mortgage Loans described above permit the related borrower to post a letter of credit or guaranty in lieu of maintaining cash reserves.

 

In addition, in certain cases, the related borrower may not be required to maintain the escrows described above until the occurrence of a specified trigger.

 

Many of the Mortgage Loans provide for other escrows and reserves, including, in certain cases, reserves for debt service, operating expenses, vacancies at the related Mortgaged Property and other shortfalls or reserves to be released under circumstances described in the related Mortgage Loan documents.

 

See the footnotes to Annex A-1 for more information regarding escrows under the Mortgage Loan documents.

 

Mortgaged Property Accounts

 

Cash Management. The Mortgage Loan documents prescribe the manner in which the related borrowers are permitted to collect rents from tenants at each Mortgaged Property. The following table sets forth the account mechanics prescribed for the Mortgage Loans:

 

Cash Management Types

 

Type of Lockbox

 

Mortgage
Loans

 

Aggregate Cut-off
Date Balance of
Mortgage Loans

 

Approx. % of
Initial Pool
Balance (%)

Hard/Springing Cash Management  17  $329,517,107      39.5%
Springing  19   285,310,337   34.2
Soft/Springing Cash Management    6   120,881,500   14.5
None    8   63,525,000     7.6
Soft/Upfront Cash Management    2   34,700,000     4.2
Total:  52  $833,933,944     100.0%

 

The following is a description of the types of cash management provisions to which the borrowers under the Mortgage Loans are subject:

 

Hard/Upfront Cash Management. The related borrower is required to instruct the tenants and other payors (including any third party property managers) to pay all rents and other revenue directly to a lockbox account controlled by the applicable servicer on behalf of the issuing entity. Funds are then swept into a cash management account controlled by the applicable servicer on behalf of the issuing entity and then applied by the applicable servicer in accordance with the related Mortgage Loan documents. This typically includes the payment of debt service and, in some cases, expenses at the related Mortgaged Property. Generally, excess funds may then be remitted to the related borrower.

 

Hard/Springing Cash Management. The related borrower is required to instruct the tenants and other payors (including any third party property managers) to pay all rents and other revenue directly to a lockbox account controlled by the applicable servicer on behalf of the issuing entity. Until the occurrence of a “trigger” event, which typically includes an event of default under the Mortgage Loan documents, such funds are forwarded to an account controlled by the related borrower or are otherwise made available to the related borrower. From and after the occurrence of such a “trigger” event, only the portion of such funds remaining after the payment of current debt service, the funding of reserves and, in some cases, expenses at the related Mortgaged Property are to be forwarded or otherwise made available to the related borrower or, in some cases, maintained in an account controlled by the

 

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servicer as additional collateral for the loan until the “trigger” event ends or terminates in accordance with the loan documentation.

 

Soft/Upfront Cash Management. Revenue from the related Mortgaged Property is generally paid by the tenants and other payors to the related borrower or the property manager. The related borrower or property manager, as applicable, then forwards such funds to a lockbox account controlled by the applicable servicer on behalf of the issuing entity. Funds are then swept into a cash management account controlled by the applicable servicer on behalf of the issuing entity and applied by the servicer in accordance with the related Mortgage Loan documents. This typically includes the payment of debt service and, in some cases, expenses at the related Mortgaged Property. Generally, excess funds may then be remitted to the related borrower.

 

Soft/Springing Cash Management. Revenue from the related Mortgaged Property is generally paid by the tenants and other payors (including any third party property managers) to the related borrower or the property manager. The related borrower or property manager, as applicable, then forwards such funds to a lockbox account controlled by the applicable servicer on behalf of the issuing entity. Until the occurrence of a “trigger” event, which typically includes an event of default under the Mortgage Loan documents, such funds are forwarded to an account controlled by the related borrower or are otherwise made available to the related borrower. In some cases, upon the occurrence of such a “trigger” event, the Mortgage Loan documents will require the related borrower to instruct tenants and/or other payors to pay directly into an account controlled by the applicable servicer on behalf of the issuing entity. All funds held in such lockbox account controlled by the applicable servicer following such “trigger” event will be applied by the applicable servicer in accordance with the related Mortgage Loan documents. From and after the occurrence of such a trigger event, only the portion of such funds remaining after the payment of current debt service and, in some cases, expenses at the related Mortgaged Property are to be forwarded or otherwise made available to the related borrower.

 

Springing. A lockbox account is established at origination or upon the occurrence of certain “trigger” events. Revenue from the related Mortgaged Property is generally paid by the tenants and other payors to the related borrower or property manager. The Mortgage Loan documents provide that, upon the occurrence of a “trigger” event, which typically includes an event of default under the Mortgage Loan documents, the related borrower would be required to instruct tenants to pay directly into such lockbox account or, if tenants are directed to pay to the related borrower or the property manager, the related borrower or property manager, as applicable, would then forward such funds to a lockbox account controlled by the applicable servicer on behalf of the issuing entity. Funds are then swept into a cash management account controlled by the servicer on behalf of the issuing entity and applied by the servicer in accordance with the related Mortgage Loan documents. This typically includes the payment of debt service and, in some cases, expenses at the related Mortgaged Property. Excess funds may then be remitted to the related borrower.

 

None. Revenue from the related Mortgaged Property is paid to the related borrower and is not subject to a lockbox account as of the Closing Date, and no lockbox account is required to be established during the term of the related Mortgage Loan.

 

In connection with any hard lockbox cash management, income deposited directly into the related lockbox account may not include amounts paid in cash and/or checks that are

 

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paid directly to the related property manager, notwithstanding requirements to the contrary. Furthermore, with respect to certain multifamily and hospitality properties considered to have a hard lockbox, cash, checks and “over-the-counter” receipts may be deposited into the lockbox account by the property manager. Mortgage Loans whose terms call for the establishment of a lockbox account require that the amounts paid to the property manager will be deposited into the applicable lockbox account on a regular basis. Lockbox accounts will not be assets of the issuing entity. See the footnotes to Annex A-1 for more information regarding lockbox provisions for the Mortgage Loans.

 

Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines

 

See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers—Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC—Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes”; “—Wells Fargo Bank, National Association—Wells Fargo Bank’s Commercial Mortgage Loan Underwriting”; “—Barclays Bank PLC—Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Processes”; “—Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC—Basis’s Underwriting Standards and Loan Analysis”; and “—BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards”.

 

Three (3) Mortgage Loans, representing approximately 10.0% of the Initial Pool Balance, were originated or acquired by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association with exceptions to the related mortgage loan seller’s underwriting guidelines as described in the following bullet points:

 

With respect to the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan (4.8%), (i) the underwritten vacancy (0.0%) is less than 3.0% and (ii) the underwritten management fee (0.0%) is less than 1.0%, which represent exceptions to the underwriting guidelines for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association. Wells Fargo Bank, National Association’s decision to include the Mortgage Loan notwithstanding this exception was supported by the following: (a) Walgreens is rated BBB/Baa2/BBB by Fitch/Moody’s/S&P; (b) the Mortgage Loan benefits from a 30 year amortization schedule with no interest only period; (c) the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, U/W NCF DSCR and U/W NCF Debt Yield are 70.3%, 1.26x and 8.4%, respectively; and assuming the Mortgaged Property was underwritten to a 3.0% vacancy and to a 1.0% management fee, the resulting U/W NCF DSCR and U/W NCF Debt Yield would be 1.21x and 8.0%, respectively; (d) the Mortgaged Properties are self-managed and are not subject to any management agreements or management fees; (e) the Mortgaged Properties are 100.0% leased to six single tenant Walgreens stores in six states on 75 to 85 year leases, the earliest of which expires in 2083; and (f) within a five-mile radius of the Mortgaged Properties, the average estimated population and average household income are 168,682 and $103,655, respectively. Certain characteristics of the Mortgage Loan can be found in Annex A-1 to this prospectus. Based on the foregoing, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association approved inclusion of the Mortgage Loan into this transaction.

 

With respect to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.6%), the underwritten room revenue ($93,071,828) is greater than the room revenue for the trailing 12-month period ending May 31, 2018 ($84,593,757), which represents an exception to the underwriting guidelines for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association. Wells Fargo Bank, National Association’s decision to include the Mortgage Loan notwithstanding this exception was supported by the following: (a) the Mortgage Loan benefits from the diversity of 22 properties located across 16 cities in 12 states; (b) the Renaissance Des Moines Savery Mortgaged Property (“RDM Property“) has been closed and undergoing renovations since August 2016 and was thus excluded from the historical 2016, 2017 and TTM 5/31/2018 cash flows; (c) the Cut-off Date LTV

 

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Ratio, U/W NCF DSCR and U/W NCF Debt Yield are 66.1%, 2.07x and 10.8%, respectively, and excluding the underwritten cash flows for the RDM Property, the Mortgage Loan U/W NCF DSCR and U/W NCF Debt Yield would be approximately 1.88x and 9.8%, respectively; (d) excluding the RDM Property, the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgaged Properties reported weighted average occupancy, ADR and RevPAR penetration rates each in excess of 105% for 2015 through the trailing 12-month period ending May 31, 2018, and approximately 74.6% of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgaged Properties based on room count achieved a RevPAR penetration in excess of 100.0% for the trailing 12-month period ending May 31, 2018; and (f) as of April 2018, the loan sponsor and guarantor indirectly owned 276 hotels totaling more than 23,990 keys across 40 states. Certain characteristics of the Mortgage Loan can be found in Annex A-1 to this prospectus. Based on the foregoing, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association approved inclusion of the Mortgage Loan into this transaction.

 

With respect to the Vernon Industrial Mortgage Loan (1.6%), the underwritten management fee (1.0%) is less than 3.0%, which represents an exception to the underwriting guidelines for Wells Fargo Bank, National Association. Wells Fargo Bank, National Association’s decision to include the Mortgage Loan notwithstanding this exception was supported by the following: (a) the Mortgaged Property consists of a single story industrial warehouse that is 100% occupied by two tenants; (b) Volume Distributors, Inc. occupies 56.3% of NRA and recently renewed its lease through November 1, 2038; (c) Jam’n Products occupies 43.7% of NRA, has been in occupancy since 2010 and has renewed its lease twice at the Mortgaged Property; (d) the Mortgaged Property is self-managed by the borrower as owner/operator and the appraiser concluded to a market management fee of 1.0%; (e) the Mortgaged Property is located approximately 4.8 miles southeast from downtown Los Angeles and just 2.0 miles southwest from the Route 710 - Route 5 interchange, which experiences an average daily traffic count of 216,000 vehicles per day; and (f) the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, U/W NCF DSCR and U/W NCF Debt Yield is 52.0%, 1.97x and 10.0%, respectively, and if the Mortgage Loan underwriting utilized a 3.0% management fee, the Mortgage Loan U/W NCF DSCR and U/W NCF Debt Yield would be approximately 1.92x and 9.7%, respectively. Certain characteristics of the Mortgage Loan can be found in Annex A-1 to this prospectus. Based on the foregoing, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association approved inclusion of the Mortgage Loan into this transaction.

 

Additional Indebtedness

 

General

 

The Mortgage Loans generally prohibit borrowers from incurring any additional debt secured by their Mortgaged Property without the consent of the lender. However:

 

substantially all of the Mortgage Loans permit the related borrower to incur limited indebtedness in the ordinary course of business that is not secured by the related Mortgaged Property;

 

the borrowers under certain of the Mortgage Loans have incurred and/or may incur in the future unsecured debt other than in the ordinary course of business;

 

any borrower that is not required pursuant to the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents to meet single-purpose entity criteria may not be restricted from incurring unsecured debt or mezzanine debt;

 

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the terms of certain Mortgage Loans permit the borrowers to post letters of credit and/or surety bonds for the benefit of the mortgagee under the Mortgage Loans, which may constitute a contingent reimbursement obligation of the related borrower or an affiliate. The issuing bank or surety will not typically agree to subordination and standstill protection benefiting the mortgagee;

 

although the Mortgage Loans generally place certain restrictions on incurring mezzanine debt by the pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower, such as specific percentage or control limitations, the terms of the Mortgage Loan documents generally permit, subject to certain limitations, the pledge of the limited partnership or non-managing membership equity interests in a borrower or less than a controlling interest of any other equity interests in a borrower; and

 

certain of the Mortgage Loans do not restrict the pledging of ownership interests in the borrower, but do restrict the transfer of ownership interests in a borrower by imposing limitations on transfer of control or a specific percentage of ownership interests.

 

Whole Loans

 

Certain Mortgage Loans are subject to the rights of a related Companion Holder, as further described in “—The Whole Loans” below.

 

Mezzanine Indebtedness

 

Although the Mortgage Loans generally place certain restrictions on incurring mezzanine debt by the pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower, such as specific percentage or control limitations, the terms of the Mortgage Loan documents generally permit, subject to certain limitations, the pledge of less than a controlling portion of the equity interests in a borrower or the pledge of limited partnership or non-managing membership equity interests in a borrower. Certain Mortgage Loans described below permit the incurrence of mezzanine debt subject to satisfaction of certain conditions including a certain maximum combined loan-to-value ratio and/or a minimum combined debt service coverage ratio. Also, certain of the Mortgage Loans do not restrict the pledging of ownership interests in the related borrower, but do restrict the transfer of ownership interests in a borrower by imposing limitations on transfer of control or a specific percentage of ownership interests. In addition, in general, a borrower (or its direct or indirect owners) that does not meet single-purpose entity criteria may not be restricted in any way from incurring mezzanine debt.

 

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As of the Cut-off Date, each sponsor has informed us that it is aware of the following existing mezzanine indebtedness with respect to the Mortgage Loans it is selling to the depositor:

 

Mortgage Loan Name

Mortgage Loan Cut-off Date Balance

Percentage of Initial Pool Balance

Mezzanine Debt Cut-off Date Balance

Pari Passu Companion Loan Cut-off Date Balance

Subordinate Loan Cut-off Date Balance

Cut-off Date Wtd. Avg. Total Debt Interest Rate(1)

Cut-off Date Mortgage Loan LTV Ratio

Cut-off Date Total Debt LTV Ratio(1)

Cut-off Date Mortgage Loan Underwritten NCF DSCR

Cut-off Date Total Debt Underwritten NCF DSCR(1)

Memphis Industrial Portfolio $ 25,600,000 3.1% $   5,500,000 N/A N/A 5.989% 59.5% 72.3% 1.40x 1.10x
Danbury Commerce Portfolio $ 22,800,000 2.7% $   7,000,000 $ 15,200,000 N/A 6.390% 62.2% 73.6% 1.48x 1.61x
35 Claver Place $ 21,330,000 2.6% $   2,500,000 N/A N/A 6.016% 66.7% 74.5% 1.35x 1.07x
Argenta Flats $ 11,900,000 1.4% $   1,100,000 N/A N/A 5.930% 62.6% 68.4% 1.28x 1.11x

 

 

(1)Calculated including the mezzanine debt and any subordinate debt. Cut-off Date Wtd. Avg. Total Debt Interest Rate is based on the interest rate of the related Mortgage Loan, any Companion Loans and the related mezzanine loan as of the Cut-off Date, and the Cut-off Date Total Debt Underwritten NCF DSCR is calculated based on such initial interest rates.

 

Each of the mezzanine loans related to the Mortgage Loan secured by the Mortgaged Property identified in the table above is subject to an intercreditor agreement between the holder of the related mezzanine loan and the related lender under the related Mortgage Loan that, in each case, sets forth the relative priorities between the related Mortgage Loan and the related mezzanine loan. Each intercreditor agreement provides, among other things, generally that (a) all payments due under the related mezzanine loan are subordinate after an event of default (taking into account the cure rights exercised by the mezzanine lender) under the related Mortgage Loan to any and all payments required to be made under the related Mortgage Loan (except for any payments from funds other than the mortgaged property or proceeds of any enforcement upon the mezzanine loan collateral and any mezzanine loan guarantees), (b) so long as there is no event of default under the related Mortgage Loan (taking into account the cure rights exercised by the mezzanine lender), the related mezzanine lender may accept payments on and prepayments of the related mezzanine loan, (c) the related mezzanine lender will have certain rights to receive notice of and cure defaults under the related Mortgage Loan prior to any acceleration or enforcement of the related Mortgage Loan, (d) the related mezzanine lender may amend or modify the related mezzanine loan in certain respects without the consent of the related mortgage lender, and the mortgage lender must obtain the mezzanine lender’s consent to amend or modify the Mortgage Loan in certain respects, (e) upon the occurrence of an event of default under the related mezzanine loan documents, the related mezzanine lender may foreclose upon the membership interests in the related Mortgage Loan borrower, which could result in a change of control with respect to the related Mortgage Loan borrower and a change in the management of the related Mortgaged Properties, and (f) if the related Mortgage Loan is accelerated or, in some cases, becomes specially serviced or if a monetary or material non-monetary default occurs and continues for a specified period of time under the related Mortgage Loan or if the Mortgage Loan borrower becomes a debtor in a bankruptcy or if the related Mortgage Loan lender exercises any enforcement action under the related Mortgage Loan documents with respect to the related Mortgage Loan borrower or the related Mortgaged Properties, the related mezzanine lender has the right to purchase the related Mortgage Loan, in whole but not in part, for a price generally equal to the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan, together with all accrued interest and other amounts due thereon, plus any advances made by the related Mortgage Loan lender or its servicer and any interest thereon plus, subject to certain limitations, any Liquidation Fees and Special Servicing Fees payable under the PSA, but generally excluding any late charges, default interest, exit fees, special maintenance charges payable in connection with a prepayment or Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums. The related mezzanine loan agreement provides, among other things, that an event of

 

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default under the related Mortgage Loan will be an event of default under the mezzanine loan.

 

The Mortgage Loans generally place certain restrictions on the transfer and/or pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower such as specific percentage or control limitations as described under “—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—’Due-On-Sale’ and ‘Due-On-Encumbrance’ Provisions” above.

 

Certain of the Mortgage Loans do not prohibit the pledge by direct or indirect owners of the related borrower of equity distributions that may be made from time to time by the borrower to its equity owners.

 

With respect to the Mortgage Loans listed in the following chart, the direct and indirect equity owners of the borrower are permitted to incur future mezzanine debt, subject to the satisfaction of conditions contained in the related Mortgage Loan documents, including, among other things, a combined maximum loan-to-value ratio, a combined minimum debt service coverage ratio and/or a combined minimum debt yield, as listed in the following chart and determined in accordance with the related Mortgage Loan documents:

 

Mortgage Loan Name

Mortgage Loan Cut-off Date Balance

Maximum Principal Amount Permitted (If Specified)(1)

Combined Maximum LTV Ratio(2)

Combined Minimum DSCR(2)

Combined Minimum Debt Yield(2)

Intercreditor Agreement Required

Mortgage Lender Allowed to Require Rating Agency Confirmation(3)

Riverworks $      38,629,000 N/A 70.0% 1.50x(4) N/A Yes Yes
Christiana Mall $      28,000,000 N/A 50.3% 2.03x N/A Yes Yes

 

 

(1)Indicates the maximum aggregate principal amount of the Mortgage Loan and the related mezzanine loan (if any) that is specifically stated in the Mortgage Loan documents and does not take account of any restrictions that may be imposed at any time by operation of any debt yield, debt service coverage ratio or loan-to-value ratio conditions.

 

(2)Debt service coverage ratios, loan-to-value ratios and debt yields are to be calculated in accordance with definitions set forth in the related Mortgage Loan documents. Except as otherwise noted in connection with a Mortgage Loan, the determination of the loan-to-value ratio must be, or may be required by the lender to be, based on a recent appraisal.

 

(3)Indicates whether the conditions to the financing include (a) delivery of Rating Agency Confirmation that the proposed financing will not, in and of itself, result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current rating assigned to any class of certificates and/or (b) acceptability of any related intercreditor or mezzanine loan documents to the Rating Agencies.

 

(4)Combined minimum DSCR is applicable only if the mezzanine loan is a floating rate loan and in such event the borrower is required to maintain an interest rate cap which will cause the aggregate debt service coverage to be not less than the indicated threshold.

 

The specific rights of the related mezzanine lender with respect to any such future mezzanine loan will be specified in the related intercreditor agreement and may include cure rights and a default-related repurchase option. The intercreditor agreement required to be entered into in connection with any future mezzanine loan will either be substantially in the form attached to the related loan agreement or be subject to receipt of a Rating Agency Confirmation or to the related lender’s approval. The direct and/or indirect owners of a borrower under a Mortgage Loan are also generally permitted to pledge their interest in such borrower as security for a mezzanine loan in circumstances where the ultimate transfer of such interest to the mezzanine lender would be a permitted transfer under the related Mortgage Loan documents.

 

Generally, upon a default under a mezzanine loan, subject to the terms of any applicable intercreditor or subordination agreement, the holder of the mezzanine loan would be entitled to foreclose upon the equity in the related borrower, which has been pledged to secure payment of such debt. Although this transfer of equity may not trigger the due-on-sale clause under the related Mortgage Loan, it could cause a change in control of the borrower and/or cause the obligor under the mezzanine loan to file for bankruptcy, which

 

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could negatively affect the operation of the related Mortgaged Property and the related borrower’s ability to make payments on the related Mortgage Loan in a timely manner.

 

The Mortgage Loans generally permit a pledge of the same direct and indirect ownership interests in any borrower that could be transferred without the lender consent. See “—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—’Due-on-Sale’ and ‘Due-on-Encumbrance’ Provisions” above.

 

Some of the Mortgage Loans permit certain affiliates of the related borrower to pledge their indirect ownership interests in the borrower including, but not limited to, pledges to an institutional lender providing a corporate line of credit or corporate credit facility as collateral for such corporate line of credit or corporate credit facility. In connection with those pledges, the Mortgage Loan documents for such Mortgage Loans may: (i) contain limitations on the amounts that such collateral may secure and prohibit foreclosure of such pledges unless such foreclosure would represent a transfer otherwise permitted under the Mortgage Loan documents but do not prohibit a change in control in the event of a permitted foreclosure; or (ii) require that such financing be secured by at least a certain number of assets other than such ownership interests in the related borrower. For example, with respect to the 15 largest Mortgage Loans presented on Annex A-3 to this prospectus, we note the following:

 

With respect to the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio (3.0%), the Mortgage Loan documents permit the transfer of an equity interest in a borrower to a new third-party member in excess of 49% without the consent of the lender, provided that (i) a rating agency confirmation is provided to the lender, (ii) Prudential Financial, Inc., PGIM, Inc., The Prudential Insurance Company of America (collectively, “Prudential“) or Digital Realty Trust, L.P. (“Digital“), or an affiliate thereof, retains the management and control of each borrower and Digital, or, in the event that Prudential obtains control of such borrower, one or more substitute third-party provided by Prudential, having a net worth not less than $200,000,000 individually or in the aggregate, (iii) a new non-consolidation opinion is delivered to the lender and (iv) the transfer conditions, as specified in the related Mortgage Loan documents, are satisfied. Such transfer will not release the guarantor from liability, except to the extent that the obligations of the transferring party are assumed by one of more substitute parties pursuant to an assumption agreement acceptable to the lender.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Other Financings or Ability to Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk”.

 

Other Secured Indebtedness

 

The borrowers under some of the Mortgage Loans have incurred or are permitted to incur other secured subordinate debt subject to the terms of the related Mortgage Loan document or otherwise expressly permitted by applicable law. For example:

 

With respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (2.4%), the Mortgage Loan documents permit borrower to enter into any PACE loan or any other indebtedness which is incurred for improvements to the Mortgaged Property for the purpose of increasing energy efficiency, increasing use of renewable energy resources, resource conservation or any combination of the foregoing and is repaid through multi-year assessments against the Mortgaged Property, in an amount not to exceed $5,000,000 subject to Rating Agency Confirmation and the lender’s consent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). The lender has not received any request for approving PACE debt. Failure to

 

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make timely PACE loan payments could give rise to tax liens that are superior to the lien of the subject mortgage.

 

Four (4) of the Mortgaged Properties, representing approximately 12.0% of the Initial Pool Balance, are located in Florida. Florida’s Property Assessed Clean Energy (“PACE“) statute renders loan document provisions prohibiting PACE loans unenforceable.

 

Preferred Equity

 

The borrowers or sponsors of certain Mortgage Loans may have issued preferred equity. Because preferred equity often provides for a higher rate of return to be paid to the holders of such preferred equity, preferred equity in some respects functions like mezzanine indebtedness, and reduces a principal’s economic stake in the related Mortgaged Property, reduces cash flow on the borrower’s Mortgaged Property after the payment of debt service and payments on the preferred equity and may increase the likelihood that the owner of a borrower will permit the value or income-producing potential of a Mortgaged Property to fall and may create a greater risk that a borrower will default on the Mortgage Loan secured by a Mortgaged Property whose value or income is relatively weak.

 

Other Unsecured Indebtedness

 

The borrowers under some of the Mortgage Loans have incurred or are permitted to incur unsecured subordinate debt (in addition to trade payables, equipment financing and other debt incurred in the ordinary course) subject to the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents.

 

Prospective investors should assume that all or substantially all of the Mortgage Loans permit their borrowers to incur a limited amount (generally in an amount not more than 5% of the original Mortgage Loan balance or an amount otherwise normal and reasonable under the circumstances) of trade payables, equipment financing and/or other unsecured indebtedness in the ordinary course of business or an unsecured credit line to be used for working capital purposes. In addition, certain of the Mortgage Loans allow the related borrower to receive unsecured loans from equity owners, provided that such loans are subject to and subordinate to the applicable Mortgage Loan.

 

Certain risks relating to additional debt are described in “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Other Financings or Ability to Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk”.

 

The Whole Loans

 

General

 

Each of the Mortgage Loans secured by the Mortgaged Properties identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus as Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown, Starwood Hotel Portfolio, Christiana Mall, Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio, Danbury Commerce Portfolio, Aventura Mall, Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments, Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio, Home Depot Technology Center, Liberty Portfolio and Fair Oaks Mall is part of a Whole Loan consisting of such Mortgage Loan and the related Companion Loan(s). In connection with each Whole Loan, the rights between the trustee on behalf of the issuing entity and the holder(s) of the related Companion Loan(s) (the “Companion Holder“ or “Companion Holders“) are generally governed by an intercreditor agreement or a co-lender agreement (each, an “Intercreditor Agreement“). With respect to each of the Whole Loans, the related Mortgage Loan and the related Companion Loan(s) are cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted.

 

The following terms are used in reference to the Whole Loans:

 

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Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA“ means the trust and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan.

 

BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA“ means the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan.

 

BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA“ means the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA“ means the pooling and servicing agreement which is expected to govern the servicing of the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan.

 

BBCMS 2018-CHRS TSA“ means the trust and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan.

 

Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA“ means the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

Companion Loan Rating Agency“ means any NRSRO rating any serviced pari passu companion loan securities.

 

Control Note“ means, with respect to any Whole Loan, the “Controlling Note” or other similar term specified in the related Intercreditor Agreement. As of the Closing Date, the Control Note with respect to each Whole Loan will be the promissory note(s) listed as the “Control Note” in the column “Control Note/Non-Control Note” in the table below entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes”.

 

Controlling Holder“ means, with respect to any Whole Loan, the holder of the related Control Note. As of the Closing Date, the Controlling Holder with respect to each Whole Loan will be the holder listed next to the related Control Note in the column “Note Holder” in the table below entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes”.

 

Non-Control Note“ means, with respect to any Whole Loan, any “Non-Controlling Note” or other similar term specified in the related Intercreditor Agreement. As of the Closing Date, the Non-Control Notes with respect to each Whole Loan will be the promissory notes listed as the “Non-Control Notes” in the column “Control Note/Non-Control Note” in the table below entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes”.

 

Non-Controlling Holder“ means, with respect to any Whole Loan, the holder(s) of a Non-Control Note. As of the Closing Date, the Non-Controlling Holders with respect to each Whole Loan will be the holders listed next to the related Non-Control Notes in the column “Note Holder” in the table below entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes”.

 

Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan“ means the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan.

 

Non-Serviced Certificate Administrator“ means with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the certificate administrator relating to the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

Non-Serviced Companion Loan“ means each of the Companion Loans identified as “Non-Serviced” under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below.

 

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Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder“ means with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the directing certificateholder (or equivalent) under the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

Non-Serviced Master Servicer“ means with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the master servicer relating to the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan“ means each of the Mortgage Loans identified as “Non-Serviced” under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below.

 

Non-Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan“ means each of the Companion Loans identified as “Non-Serviced” under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” that is pari passu in right of payment with the related Mortgage Loan in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below.

 

Non-Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan“ means each of the Mortgage Loans identified as “Non-Serviced” under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below that has a Non-Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan.

 

Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan“ means each of the Whole Loans identified as “Non-Serviced” under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” with one or more Non-Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loans in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below.

 

Non-Serviced PSA“ means with respect to (i) the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan, the WFCM 2018-C47 PSA, (ii) the Christiana Mall Whole Loan, the BBCMS 2018-CHRS TSA, (iii) the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan, the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA, (iv) the Aventura Mall Whole Loan, the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, (v) the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan, the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA, (vi) the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan, the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA, and (vi) the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA.

 

Non-Serviced Special Servicer“ means with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the special servicer relating to the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

Non-Serviced Subordinate Companion Loan“ means any Companion Loan identified as “Non-Serviced” under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” that is subordinate in right of payment to the related Mortgage Loan in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below.

 

Non-Serviced Trustee“ means with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the trustee relating to the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

Non-Serviced Whole Loan“ means each of the Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans.

 

Other Master Servicer“ means with respect to each Serviced Whole Loan, the master servicer appointed under the related Other PSA.

 

Other PSA“ means with respect to each Serviced Whole Loan, any pooling and servicing agreement, trust and servicing agreement or other servicing agreement governing the securitization of a related Serviced Companion Loan.

 

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Other Special Servicer“ means with respect to each Serviced Whole Loan, the special servicer appointed under the related Other PSA.

 

Pari Passu Mortgage Loan“ means any of the Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loans or the Non-Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loans.

 

Serviced Companion Loan“ means each of the Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loans.

 

Serviced Mortgage Loan“ means each of the Mortgage Loans identified as “Serviced” under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below.

 

Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan“ means each of the Companion Loans identified as “Serviced” under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” that is pari passu in right of payment with the related Mortgage Loan in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below.

 

Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan“ means a Serviced Mortgage Loan.

 

Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan“ means each of the Whole Loans identified as “Serviced” under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” with one or more Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loans in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below.

 

Serviced Whole Loan“ means each of the Whole Loans identified as “Serviced” under the column entitled under the column entitled “Mortgage Loan Type” in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” below.

 

Subordinate Companion Loan“ means each Non-Serviced Subordinate Companion Loan.

 

WFCM 2018-C47 PSA“ means the pooling and servicing agreement governing the servicing of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

The table entitled “Whole Loan Summary” under “Summary of Terms—The Mortgage Pool” provides certain information with respect to each Mortgage Loan that has a corresponding Companion Loan. With respect to each Whole Loan, the related Control Note and Non-Control Note(s) and the respective holders thereof as of the date hereof are set forth in the table below. In addition, with respect to each Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the lead securitization servicing agreement and master servicer, special servicer, trustee, certificate administrator, custodian, operating advisor and initial directing party under the related Non-Serviced PSA are set forth in the table titled “Non-Serviced Whole Loans” under “Summary of Terms—The Mortgage Pool”.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Holders”.

 

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Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes

 

Mortgage Loan Mortgage
Loan Type
Note Name Control Note/ Non-Control
Note
Original
Principal
Balance
Note Holder(1)
Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Serviced Note A-1 Non-Control $30,000,000 CSAIL 2018-C14
Note A-2 Control $30,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Note A-3 Non-Control $25,000,000 Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC
Note A-4 Non-Control $25,000,000 Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC
Note A-5 Non-Control $20,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Note A-6 Non-Control $15,000,000 Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC
Note A-7 Non-Control $10,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Note A-8 Non-Control $5,000,000 Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC
Starwood Hotel Portfolio Non-Serviced Note A-1 Control $70,000,000 WFCM 2018-C47
Note A-2 Non-Control $65,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK14
Note A-3 Non-Control $100,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK15
Note A-4 Non-Control $30,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Christiana Mall Non-Serviced Note A-1-A Control $36,160,000 BBCMS 2018-CHRS
Note A-1-B Non-Control $50,000,000 WFCM 2018-C47
Note A-1-C Non-Control $40,000,000 BBCMS 2018-C2(2)
Note A-1-D Non-Control $28,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Note A-1-E Non-Control $14,840,000 BBCMS 2018-C2(2)
Note A-2-A Non-Control $21,696,000 BBCMS 2018-CHRS
Note A-2-B Non-Control $30,000,000 UBS 2018-C13
Note A-2-C Non-Control $30,000,000 UBS 2018-C14
Note A-2-D Non-Control $10,000,000 Société Générale
Note A-2-E Non-Control $9,704,000 Société Générale
Note A-3-A Non-Control $14,464,000 BBCMS 2018-CHRS
Note A-3-B Non-Control $30,000,000 DBGS 2018-C1
Note A-3-C Non-Control $23,136,000 DBGS 2018-C1
Note B-1 Non-Control $106,000,000 BBCMS 2018-CHRS
Note B-2 Non-Control $63,600,000 BBCMS 2018-CHRS
Note B-3 Non-Control $42,400,000 BBCMS 2018-CHRS
Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Non-Serviced Note A-1 Control $70,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK14
Note A-2-1 Non-Control $26,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK15
Note A-2-2 Non-Control $10,000,000 Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Note A-3 Non-Control $70,000,000 CSAIL 2018-C14
Note A-4 Non-Control $11,000,000 Column Financial, Inc.
Note A-5 Non-Control $25,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Danbury Commerce Portfolio Serviced Note A-1 Non-Control $15,200,000 CGCMT 2018-C6(3)
Note A-2 Control $22,800,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Aventura Mall Non-Serviced Note A-1-A Control   $138,278,000 Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM

 

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Mortgage Loan Mortgage
Loan Type
Note Name Control Note/ Non-Control
Note
Original
Principal
Balance
Note Holder(1)
    Note A-1-B Non-Control $89,474,000 Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM
Note A-1-C Non-Control $89,474,000 Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM
Note A-1-D Non-Control $89,474,000 Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM
Note A-2-A-1 Non-Control $75,000,000 Benchmark 2018-B4
Note A-2-A-2 Non-Control $65,000,000 Benchmark 2018-B5
Note A-2-A-3 Non-Control $50,000,000 Benchmark 2018-B7
Note A-2-A-4 Non-Control $75,000,000 Benchmark 2018-B6
Note A-2-A-5 Non-Control $75,000,000 JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association
Note A-2-B-1 Non-Control $60,000,000 CD 2018-CD7
Note A-2-B-2-A Non-Control $38,000,000 Benchmark 2018-B5
Note A-2-B-2-B Non-Control $10,000,000 DBGS 2018-C1
Note A-2-B-2-C Non-Control $2,000,000 DBGS 2018-C1
Note A-2-B-3 Non-Control $40,000,000 Benchmark 2018-B4
Note A-2-B-4 Non-Control $35,000,000 Benchmark 2018-B6
Note A-2-B-5 Non-Control $35,000,000 DBGS 2018-C1
Note A-2-C-1 Non-Control $60,000,000 MSC 2018-L1
Note A-2-C-2 Non-Control $50,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK14
Note A-2-C-3 Non-Control $40,000,000 Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A.
Note A-2-C-4 Non-Control $50,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK15
Note A-2-C-5 Non-Control $20,000,000 Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A.
Note A-2-D-1 Non-Control $50,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK14
Note A-2-D-2 Non-Control $50,000,000 CSAIL 2018-CX12
Note A-2-D-3 Non-Control $50,000,000 WFCM 2018-C47
Note A-2-D-4 Non-Control $50,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK15
Note A-2-D-5 Non-Control $20,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Note B-1 Non-Control $116,722,000 Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM
Note B-2 Non-Control $75,526,000 Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM
Note B-3 Non-Control $75,526,000 Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM
Note B-4 Non-Control $75,526,000 Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM
Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Serviced Note A-1 Control $16,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Note A-2 Non-Control $16,000,000 Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC
Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Non-Serviced Note A-1 Control $45,000,000 WFCM 2018-C47
Note A-2 Non-Control $30,000,000 BBCMS 2018-C2(2)
Note A-3 Non-Control $15,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Home Depot Technology Center Non-Serviced Note A-1 Control $30,000,000 BBCMS 2018-C2(2)
Note A-2 Non-Control $14,300,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Liberty Portfolio Non-Serviced Note A-1 Control $30,000,000 Benchmark 2018-B7
Note A-2 Non-Control $30,000,000 CGCMT 2018-C6(3)
Note A-3 Non-Control $20,000,000 Benchmark 2018-B7

 

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Mortgage Loan Mortgage
Loan Type
Note Name Control Note/ Non-Control
Note
Original
Principal
Balance
Note Holder(1)
    Note A-4 Non-Control $25,000,000 BBCMS 2018-C2(2)
Note A-5 Non-Control $12,850,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Note A-6 Non-Control $25,000,000 BBCMS 2018-C2(2)
Note A-7 Non-Control $12,850,000 CGCMT 2018-C6(3)
Note A-8 Non-Control $10,000,000 Citi Real Estate Funding, Inc.
Fair Oaks Mall Non-Serviced Note A-1-1 Control $80,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK12(4)
Note A-1-2 Non-Control $33,750,000 BANK 2018-BNK13
Note A-2-1 Non-Control $20,000,000 WFCM 2018-C46
Note A-2-2 Non-Control $20,625,000 WFCM 2018-C46
Note A-2-3 Non-Control $11,000,000 BBCMS 2018-C2(2)
Note A-2-4 Non-Control $9,625,000 WFCM 2018-C48
Note B-1 Non-Control $55,250,000 Annaly CRE LLC
Note B-2 Non-Control $29,750,000 Annaly CRE LLC

 

 

(1)Unless otherwise indicated, each note not currently held by a securitization trust is expected to be contributed to a future securitization. No assurance can be provided that any such note will not be split further.

  


(2)The BBCMS 2018-C2 transaction is expected to close on or about December 20, 2018.

 

(3)The CGCMT 2018-C6 transaction is expected to close on or about December 11, 2018.

 

(4)With respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, so long as no control appraisal period under the related Intercreditor Agreement is in effect, the controlling noteholder is the representative selected by the holders of Notes B-1 and B-2 or, if no representative is selected, the holder of the majority of Notes B-1 and B-2. If a control appraisal period under the related Intercreditor Agreement is in effect, then Note A-1-1 will be the Control Note. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan”.

 

The Serviced Whole Loans

 

The Serviced Whole Loans will be serviced pursuant to the PSA in accordance with the terms of the PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement. None of the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee will be required to make a monthly payment advance on any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, but the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, will be required to (and the special servicer, at its option in emergency situations, may) make Servicing Advances on the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans unless such advancing party (or, even if it is not the advancing party, the special servicer) determines that such a Servicing Advance would be a Nonrecoverable Advance.

 

Intercreditor Agreement

 

The Intercreditor Agreement related to each Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan provides that:

 

The promissory notes comprising such Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan (and consequently, the related Serviced Mortgage Loan and each Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) are of equal priority with each other and none of such promissory notes (or mortgage loans) will have priority or preference over any other such promissory note (or mortgage loan).

 

All payments, proceeds and other recoveries on the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan will be applied to the promissory notes comprising such Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan on a pro rata and pari passu basis (subject, in each case, to (a) the allocation of certain amounts to escrows and reserves, certain

 

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repairs or restorations or payments to the applicable borrower required by the Mortgage Loan documents and (b) certain payment and reimbursement rights of the parties to the PSA, in accordance with the terms of the PSA).

 

The transfer of up to 49% of the beneficial interest of a promissory note comprising the Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan is generally permitted. The transfer of more than 49% of the beneficial interest of any such promissory note is generally prohibited unless (i) the transferee is a large institutional lender or investment fund (other than a related borrower or an affiliate thereof) that satisfies minimum net worth and/or experience requirements or certain securitization vehicles that satisfy certain ratings and other requirements or (ii)(a) each non-transferring holder has consented to such transfer (which consent may not be unreasonably withheld), and (b) if any such non-transferring holder’s interest in the related Serviced Whole Loan is held in a securitization, a rating agency communication is provided to each applicable rating agency (or, in certain cases, a rating agency confirmation is obtained from each applicable rating agency). The foregoing restrictions do not apply to a sale of the related Serviced Mortgage Loan together with the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loans in accordance with the terms of the PSA.

 

With respect to each Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan, certain costs and expenses (such as a pro rata share of a Servicing Advance) allocable to a related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan may be paid or reimbursed out of payments and other collections on the Mortgage Pool, subject to the Trust’s right to reimbursement from future payments and other collections on such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan or from general collections with respect to any securitization of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan.

 

Control Rights with respect to Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans

 

With respect to any Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan, the related Control Note will be included in the Trust, and the Directing Certificateholder will have certain consent rights (prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event) and consultation rights (after the occurrence of a Control Termination Event, but prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event) with respect to such Mortgage Loan as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”.

 

Certain Rights of each Non-Controlling Holder

 

With respect to each Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan, the holder of any related Non-Control Note (or if such Non-Control Note has been securitized, the directing certificateholder with respect to such securitization or other designated party under the related pooling and servicing agreement) will be entitled to certain consultation rights described below; provided, that if such party or its representative is (or is an affiliate of) the related borrower or if all or a specified portion of the subject Non-Control Note is held by the borrower or an affiliate thereof, such party will not be entitled to exercise the right of a Non-Controlling Holder, and/or there will be deemed to be no such Non-Controlling Holder under the related Intercreditor Agreement with respect to such Non-Control Note.

 

The special servicer will be required (i) to provide to each Non-Controlling Holder copies of any notice, information and report that it is required to provide to the Directing Certificateholder with respect to the implementation of any recommended actions outlined in an Asset Status Report relating to such Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan or any proposed action to be taken in respect of a Major Decision with respect to such Serviced Pari Passu

 

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Whole Loan (for this purpose, without regard to whether such items are actually required to be provided to the Directing Certificateholder due to the occurrence of a Control Termination Event or Consultation Termination Event) and (ii) to use reasonable efforts to consult each Non-Controlling Holder on a strictly non-binding basis (to the extent such party requests consultation after having received the aforementioned notices, information and reports) with respect to any such recommended actions by the special servicer or any proposed action to be taken by such special servicer in respect of such Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan that constitutes a Major Decision.

 

Such consultation right will expire ten (10) business days after the delivery to such Non-Controlling Holder of written notice of a proposed action (together with copies of the notices, information and reports required to be delivered thereto) (unless the special servicer proposes a new course of action that is materially different from the action previously proposed, in which case such ten (10) business day period will be deemed to begin anew). In no event will the special servicer be obligated to follow or take any alternative actions recommended by any Non-Controlling Holder (or its representative). In addition, if the special servicer determines that immediate action is necessary to protect the interests of the holders of the promissory notes comprising a Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan, it may take, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, any action constituting a Major Decision with respect to such Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan or any action set forth in any applicable Asset Status Report before the expiration of the aforementioned ten (10) business day period.

 

In addition to the aforementioned consultation right, each Non-Controlling Holder will have the right to annual meetings (which may be held telephonically) with the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, upon reasonable notice and at times reasonably acceptable to the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, in which servicing issues related to the related Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan are discussed.

 

If a Servicer Termination Event has occurred with respect to the special servicer that affects a Non-Controlling Holder, such holder will have the right to direct the trustee to terminate the special servicer solely with respect to the related Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan, other than with respect to any rights such special servicer may have as a Certificateholder, entitlements to amounts payable to such special servicer at the time of termination, entitlements to indemnification amounts and any other entitlements of the terminated party that survive the termination.

 

Sale of Defaulted Mortgage Loan

 

If any Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan becomes a Defaulted Loan, and if the special servicer decides to sell the related Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan, such special servicer will be required to sell such Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and each related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan together as interests evidencing one whole loan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such special servicer will not be permitted to sell a Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan without the consent of each Non-Controlling Holder unless it has delivered to such holder (a) at least fifteen (15) business days prior written notice of any decision to attempt to sell the related Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan, (b) at least ten (10) days prior to the proposed sale date, a copy of each bid package (together with any amendments to such bid packages) received by such special servicer, a copy of the most recent appraisal and certain other supplementary documents (if requested by such holder), and (c) until the sale is completed, and a reasonable period (but no less time than is afforded to other offerors and the Directing Certificateholder) prior to the proposed sale date, all information and documents being provided to offerors or otherwise approved by the master servicer or special servicer in connection with the proposed sale.

 

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The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans

 

Each Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan will be serviced pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA in accordance with the terms of such Non-Serviced PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement. No Non-Serviced Master Servicer, Non-Serviced Special Servicer or Non-Serviced Trustee will be required to make monthly payment advances on a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, but the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Trustee, as applicable, will be required to (and the Non-Serviced Special Servicer, at its option in certain cases, may) make servicing advances on the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan in accordance with the terms of the related Non-Serviced PSA unless such advancing party (or, in certain cases, the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer, even if it is not the advancing party) determines that such a servicing advance would be a nonrecoverable advance. Monthly payment advances on each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will be made by the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, to the extent provided under the PSA. None of the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee will be obligated to make servicing advances with respect to a Non-Serviced Whole Loan. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans” for a description of the servicing terms of the Non-Serviced PSAs.

 

Intercreditor Agreement

 

The Intercreditor Agreement related to each Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan provides that:

 

The promissory notes comprising such Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan (and consequently, the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and each Non-Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) are of equal priority with each other and none of such promissory notes (or mortgage loans) will have priority or preference over any other such promissory note (or mortgage loan).

 

All payments, proceeds and other recoveries on the Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be applied to the promissory notes comprising such Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan on a pro rata and pari passu basis (subject, in each case, to (a) the allocation of certain amounts to escrows and reserves required by the Mortgage Loan documents and (b) certain payment and reimbursement rights of the parties to the related Non-Serviced PSA, in accordance with the terms of the related Non-Serviced PSA).

 

The transfer of up to 49% of the beneficial interest of a promissory note comprising the Non-Serviced Whole Loan is generally permitted. The transfer of more than 49% of the beneficial interest of any such promissory note is generally prohibited unless (i) the transferee is a large institutional lender or investment fund (other than a related borrower or an affiliate thereof) that satisfies minimum net worth and/or experience requirements or certain securitization vehicles that satisfy certain ratings and other requirements or (ii)(a) each non-transferring holder has consented to such transfer (which consent may not be unreasonably withheld), and (b) if any such non-transferring holder’s interest in the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan is held in a securitization, a rating agency communication is provided to each applicable rating agency (or, in certain cases, a rating agency confirmation is obtained from each applicable rating agency). The foregoing restrictions do not apply to a sale of the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan together with

 

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the related Non-Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loans in accordance with the terms of the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

Any losses, liabilities, claims, costs and expenses incurred in connection with a Non-Serviced Whole Loan that are not otherwise paid out of collections on such Whole Loan may, to the extent allocable to the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, be payable or reimbursable out of general collections on the mortgage pool for this securitization.

 

Control Rights

 

With respect to each Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the related Control Note will be held as of the Closing Date by the Controlling Holder listed in the table entitled “Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes” above under “—General”. The related Controlling Holder (or a designated representative) will be entitled (i) to direct the servicing of such Whole Loan in a manner that is substantially similar to the rights of the directing certificateholder for this securitization, (ii) to consent to certain servicing decisions in respect of such Whole Loan and actions set forth in a related asset status report and (iii) to replace the special servicer with respect to such Whole Loan with or without cause; provided, that with respect to each Non-Serviced Whole Loan, if such holder (or its designated representative) is (or is an affiliate of) the related borrower or if all or a specified portion of the subject Control Note is held by the borrower or an affiliate thereof, such party will not be entitled to exercise the rights of the “Controlling Holder”, and/or there will be deemed to be no such “Controlling Holder” under the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Certain Rights of each Non-Controlling Holder

 

With respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the holder of any related Non-Control Note (or if such Non-Control Note has been securitized, the directing certificateholder with respect to such securitization (or other designated party under the related pooling and servicing agreement) will be entitled to certain consent and consultation rights described below; provided, that if such party or its representative is (or is an affiliate of) the related borrower or if all or a specified portion of the subject Non-Control Note is held by the borrower or an affiliate thereof, such party will not be entitled to exercise the rights of a Non-Controlling Holder, and/or there will be deemed to be no “Non-Controlling Holder” with respect to such Non-Control Note under the related Intercreditor Agreement. With respect to each Non-Serviced Whole Loan, one or more related Non-Control Notes will be included in the Trust, and the Directing Certificateholder, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, or the special servicer (consistent with the Servicing Standard), following the occurrence and during the continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, will be entitled to exercise the consultation rights described below.

 

With respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer or Non-Serviced Master Servicer, as applicable pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement, will be required (i) to provide to each Non-Controlling Holder copies of any notice, information and report that it is required to provide to the related Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder under the related Non-Serviced PSA with respect to the implementation of any recommended actions outlined in an asset status report relating to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan or any proposed action to be taken in respect of a major decision under the related Non-Serviced PSA with respect to such Non-Serviced Whole Loan (for this purpose, without regard to whether such items are actually required to be provided to the related Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder due to the occurrence and continuance of a “control termination event” or a “consultation termination event” (or analogous concepts) under such Non-Serviced PSA) and (ii) to consult (or to use reasonable efforts to consult) each Non-Controlling Holder on a strictly non-binding basis (to the extent

 

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such party requests consultation after having received the aforementioned notices, information and reports) with respect to any such recommended actions by such Non-Serviced Special Servicer or Non-Serviced Master Servicer, as applicable, or any proposed action to be taken by such Non-Serviced Special Servicer or Non-Serviced Master Servicer, as applicable, in respect of the applicable major decision.

 

Such consultation right will generally expire ten (10) business days after the delivery to such Non-Controlling Holder of written notice of a proposed action (together with copies of the notices, information and reports required to be delivered thereto), whether or not such Non-Controlling Holder has responded within such period (unless the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer or Non-Serviced Master Servicer, as applicable, proposes a new course of action that is materially different from the action previously proposed, in which case such ten (10) business day period will be deemed to begin anew). In no event will the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer or Non-Serviced Master Servicer, as applicable, be obligated to follow or take any alternative actions recommended by any Non-Controlling Holder (or its representative).

 

If the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer or Non-Serviced Master Servicer, as applicable, determines that immediate action is necessary to protect the interests of the holders of the promissory notes comprising a Non-Serviced Whole Loan, it may take, in accordance with the servicing standard under the Non-Serviced PSA, any action constituting a major decision with respect to such Non-Serviced Whole Loan or any action set forth in any applicable asset status report before the expiration of the aforementioned typical ten (10) business day period.

 

In addition to the aforementioned consultation right, each Non-Controlling Holder will have the right to annual meetings (which may be held telephonically) with the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, upon reasonable notice and at times reasonably acceptable to such Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, in which servicing issues related to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan are discussed.

 

If the special servicer termination event under the related Non-Serviced PSA has occurred that affects a Non-Controlling Holder, such holder will have the right to direct the related Non-Serviced Trustee to terminate the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer under such Non-Serviced PSA solely with respect to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan, other than with respect to any rights such Non-Serviced Special Servicer may have as a certificateholder under such Non-Serviced PSA, entitlements to amounts payable to such Non-Serviced Special Servicer at the time of termination, entitlements to indemnification amounts and any other entitlements of the terminated party that survive the termination.

 

Custody of the Mortgage File

 

The Non-Serviced Custodian is the custodian of the mortgage file related to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan (other than any promissory notes not contributed to the related Non-Serviced Securitization Trust).

 

Sale of Defaulted Mortgage Loan

 

If any Non-Serviced Whole Loan becomes a defaulted mortgage loan, and if the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer decides to sell the related Companion Loan contributed to the Non-Serviced Securitization Trust, such Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be required to sell the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and each Non-Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan together as interests evidencing one whole loan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the

 

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related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will not be permitted to sell a Non-Serviced Whole Loan without the consent of each Non-Controlling Holder unless it has delivered to such holder (a) at least fifteen (15) business days prior written notice of any decision to attempt to sell the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan, (b) at least ten (10) days prior to the proposed sale date, a copy of each bid package (together with any amendments to such bid packages) received by the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer, a copy of the most recent appraisal and certain other supplementary documents (if requested by such holder), and (c) until the sale is completed, and a reasonable period (but no less time than is afforded to other offerors and the applicable Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder under the related Non-Serviced PSA) prior to the proposed sale date, all information and documents being provided to offerors or otherwise approved by the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Special Servicer in connection with the proposed sale.

 

The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans

 

The Christiana Mall Whole Loan

 

General

 

The Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (3.4%), is part of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan (as defined below) comprised of 16 promissory notes, each of which is secured by the same mortgage instrument on the same underlying Mortgaged Property.

 

The rights of the holders of the promissory notes evidencing the Christiana Mall Whole Loan (the “Christiana Mall Noteholders“) are subject to an Intercreditor agreement (the “Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement“). The following summaries describe certain provisions of the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement and the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA (as defined below).

 

The Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan is evidenced by one (1) senior pari passu promissory note, Note A-1-D, with a Cut-off Date Balance of $28,000,000. The related Pari Passu Companion Loans (the “Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans“) and, together with the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan, the “Christiana Mall Senior Loans“), have an original principal balance of $310,000,000 and are evidenced by 12 senior pari passu promissory notes. The Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and the Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans are pari passu with each other in terms of priority. There are also three Subordinate Companion Loans (the “Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans“), evidenced by the subordinate promissory Note B-1 with an original principal balance of $106,000,000, Note B-2 with an original principal balance of $63,600,000 and Note B-3 with an original principal balance of $42,400,000. Neither the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans nor the Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans will be included in the issuing entity. The Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans, together with the Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans, are referred to in this prospectus as the “Christiana Mall Companion Loans” and the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan, together with the Christiana Mall Companion Loans, are referred to in this prospectus as the “Christiana Mall Whole Loan“. For further information regarding the notes see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—General—Whole Loan Control Notes and Non-Control Notes”.

 

Servicing

 

The Christiana Mall Whole Loan will be serviced by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as servicer (in such capacity, the “Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer“) and as special servicer (in such capacity, the “Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer“) pursuant to the terms of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Trust and Servicing

 

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Agreement (the “Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA“) between Barclays Commercial Mortgage Securities LLC, as depositor, the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer, the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as certificate administrator and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee, in connection with the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust, into which some of the Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans and each of the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans have been deposited (the “Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust“), and, subject to the terms of the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement, all decisions, consents, waivers, approvals and other actions on the part of any Christiana Mall Noteholder will be effected in accordance with the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA and the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement.

 

The Christiana Mall Directing Holder (as defined below) will have the right to approve certain modifications and consent to certain actions to be taken with respect to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan, as more fully described below.

 

Application of Payments

 

The Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement sets forth the respective rights of the holders of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and the Christiana Mall Companion Loans with respect to distributions of funds received in respect of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan, and provides, in general, that:

 

the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans are of equal priority with each other and no portion of any of them will have priority or preference over any portion of any other or security therefor;

 

the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans are, generally, at all times, junior, subject and subordinate to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans, and the rights of the holders of the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans to receive payments with respect to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan are, at all times, junior, subject and subordinate to the rights of the holders of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans to receive payments with respect to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan;

 

all expenses and losses relating to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan will, to the extent not paid by the related borrower, be allocated first to the holders of the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans and second to the issuing entity, as holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan, and the holders of the Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans on a pro rata and pari passu basis;

 

all amounts tendered by the borrower or otherwise available for payment on the Christiana Mall Whole Loan (excluding amounts for required reserves, escrows and certain other fees, costs and expenses) will be applied in the following order of priority:

 

First, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to pay accrued and unpaid interest on the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans (other than default interest) to the holders of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest on the applicable note principal balances at a per annum rate equal the applicable net note rate;

 

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Second, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to the holders of each of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans, an amount equal to their respective percentage interests of all principal payments received, if any, with respect to the related monthly payment date, until their respective note principal balances have been reduced to zero;

 

Third, to pay accrued and unpaid interest on the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans (other than default interest) to each holder of a Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loan (together, the “Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loan Holders“) on a pro rata and pari passu basis in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest on the outstanding note principal balance at the applicable net note rate;

 

Fourth, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to each Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loan Holder, an amount equal to its percentage interest of all principal payments received, if any, with respect to the related monthly payment date, until its respective note principal balance has been reduced to zero;

 

Fifth, to pay any yield maintenance premium then due and payable on the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, then the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans, on a pro rata and pari passu basis;

 

Sixth, to pay default interest and late payment charges then due and owing under the Christiana Mall Whole Loan, all of which will be applied in accordance with the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA; and

 

Seventh, if any excess amount is available to be distributed in respect of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan, and not otherwise required to be applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses first through sixth, any remaining amount will be paid pro rata to each holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan, the Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans and the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans based on their respective initial note principal balances.

 

Consultation and Control

 

Pursuant to the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement and the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA, the controlling note holder with respect to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan, as of any date of determination, is expected to be the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust, so long as the Note A-1-A is included in the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust. During a Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Subordinate Control Period or a Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Subordinate Consultation Period (each as defined below), a majority of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust Class E certificates (the “Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Controlling Class“) will have the right at any time to appoint a representative (the “Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Directing Certificateholder“) which will be entitled to exercise consent and/or consultation rights under the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement and the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA with respect to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan. The Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust closed on August 9, 2018, at which point there was no Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Directing Certificateholder in place under the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA.

 

The Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer and the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer will be required to notify the Christiana Mall Directing Holder (or its

 

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designee) of certain major decisions (the “Christiana Mall Major Decisions”). The Christiana Mall Directing Holder will be entitled to advise (1) the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer with respect to all Christiana Mall Major Decisions related to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan during a special servicing loan event (as defined in the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA) and (2) the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer with respect to all Christiana Mall Major Decisions for which the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer must obtain the consent or deemed consent of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer. Except as otherwise described in the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement, (i) the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer will not be permitted to implement any Christiana Mall Major Decision unless it has obtained the prior consent of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer and (ii) during a Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Subordinate Control Period, the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer will not be permitted to consent to the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer’s implementing any Christiana Mall Major Decision nor will the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer itself be permitted to implement any Christiana Mall Major Decision as to which the Christiana Mall Directing Holder has objected in writing within 10 Business Days after receipt of the written analysis and such additional information requested by the Christiana Mall Directing Holder as may be necessary in the reasonable judgment of the Christiana Mall Directing Holder in order to make a judgment with respect to such Christiana Mall Major Decision. The Christiana Mall Directing Holder may also direct the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer to take, or to refrain from taking, such other actions with respect to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan as the Christiana Mall Directing Holder may deem advisable.

 

Neither the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer nor the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer will be required to follow any advice or consultation provided by the Christiana Mall Directing Holder (or its representative) that would require or cause the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer or Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer, as applicable, to violate any applicable law, including the REMIC provisions, be inconsistent with the applicable servicing standard, require or cause the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer or Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer, as applicable, to violate provisions of the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA, require or cause the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer or Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer, as applicable, to violate the terms of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan, or materially expand the scope of any of responsibilities of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer or Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer, as applicable, under the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA.

 

In addition, for as long as the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust securitization has not been terminated, pursuant to the terms of the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement, after the termination of a subordinate consultation period (as described in the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement, a “Christiana Mall Subordinate Consultation Period”) and for so long as such termination remains in effect), (1) the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust (or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer acting on its behalf) will be required to provide to the holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (i) notice, information and reports with respect to any Christiana Mall Major Decisions (similar to such notice, information and reports it is required to deliver to the Christiana Mall Directing Holder pursuant to the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA had the Christiana Mall Subordinate Consultation Period not been terminated) and (ii) a summary of the asset status report relating to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan (at the same time as it would have been required to deliver such summary to the Christiana Mall Directing Holder pursuant to the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA had the

 

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Christiana Mall Subordinate Consultation Period not been terminated) and (2) the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust (or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer acting on its behalf) will be required to consult with the holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (or its representative) on a strictly non-binding basis with respect to any Christiana Mall Major Decision or the implementation of any recommended actions in the summary of the asset status report relating to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan, and consider alternative actions recommended by the holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (or its representative); provided that after the expiration of a period of 10 business days from the delivery by the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust to the holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (or its representative) by written notice of a proposed action, together with copies of the notice, information and report required to be provided, the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust (or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer acting on its behalf) will no longer be obligated to consult with such holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (or its representative), whether or not such holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (or its representative) has responded within such 10 business day period (unless, the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust (or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer acting on its behalf) proposes a new course of action that is materially different from the action previously proposed, in which case such 10 business day consultation period will be deemed to begin anew from the date of such proposal and delivery of all information relating to such proposal). Notwithstanding the consultation rights of the holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (or its representative) described above, the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust (or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer acting on its behalf) may make any Christiana Mall Major Decision or take any action set forth in the asset status report before the expiration of the 10 business day consultation period if the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust (or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer acting on its behalf) determines that immediate action with respect thereto is necessary to protect the interests of the holders of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan. The Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust (or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer acting on its behalf) will not be obligated at any time to follow or take any alternative actions recommended by the holder of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (or its representative).

 

A “Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Subordinate Control Period“ means with respect to the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust Class E certificates and any date of determination, any period when the certificate balance of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust Class E certificates on such date (taking into account the application of appraisal reduction amounts to notionally reduce the certificate balance of such class of certificates) is at least 25% of the initial certificate balance of such class of certificates.

 

A “Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Subordinate Consultation Period“ means any period when (i) Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Subordinate Control Period is no longer in effect and (ii) the certificate balance of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust Class E certificates is less than 25% of the initial certificate balance of such class of certificates, without regard to the application of any appraisal reduction amounts allocated to such class of certificates.

 

When the certificate balance of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust Class E certificates (without regard to the application of appraisal reduction amounts to notionally reduce the certificate balance of such class of certificates) is less than 25% of the initial certificate balance of such class of certificates, the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Directing Certificateholder will have no consent or consultation rights under the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA except for such rights available to it as a certificateholder and

 

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such other rights that are available to it in accordance with the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA.

 

Sale of Defaulted Whole Loan

 

Pursuant to the terms of the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement and the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA, if an event of default has occurred and is continuing, and if the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust (or the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer acting on its behalf) determines to sell the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and the Christiana Mall Companion Loans, then the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer will have the right and obligation, subject to any rights of the Christiana Mall Directing Holder under the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA, to sell the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan together with the Christiana Mall Companion Loans as notes evidencing one whole loan in accordance with the terms of the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement and the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA. In connection with any such sale, the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer will be required to follow the procedures set forth in the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement and the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA, including the provision that requires 15 business days’ prior written notice to the holders of the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer’s intention to sell the Christiana Mall Whole Loan.

 

Special Servicer Appointment Rights

 

Pursuant to the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement and the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA, during the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Subordinate Control Period, the Christiana Mall Directing Holder (or its representative) will have the right, at any time and from time to time, with or without cause, to replace the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer then acting with respect to the Christiana Mall Whole Loan and appoint a replacement special servicer in lieu thereof without the consent of the holders of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan, the Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans or the Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans (or their representatives).

 

The Aventura Mall Whole Loan

 

General

 

The Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (2.4%) is part of a whole loan structure (the “Aventura Mall Whole Loan”) comprised of thirty (30) mortgage notes, each of which is secured by the same mortgage instrument on the same underlying Mortgaged Property.

 

The Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan is evidenced by one senior promissory note with a Cut-off Date Balance of $20,000,000. The Aventura Mall Whole Loan consists of (i) the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (ii) twenty-five (25) pari passu companion loans (the “Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans”) that are pari passu with the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and (ii) four (4) subordinate companion loans (evidenced by promissory notes B-1, B-2, B-3 and B-4) (the “Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loans” and, together with the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans, the “Aventura Mall Companion Loans”) that are subordinate to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans. None of the Aventura Mall Companion Loans are included in the issuing entity. The related Control Note was included in the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM transaction.

 

The rights of the holders of the promissory notes evidencing the Aventura Mall Whole Loan (the “Aventura Mall Noteholders”) are subject to an Intercreditor Agreement (the

 

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Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement”). The following summaries describe certain provisions of the Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Servicing

 

The Aventura Mall Whole Loan and any related REO Property will be serviced and administered pursuant to the terms of the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA. For a summary of certain provisions of the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans—Servicing of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan”.

 

The master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, under the PSA will be responsible for making any required P&I Advance on the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (but not any advances of principal and/or interest on the Aventura Mall Companion Loans) pursuant to the terms of the PSA, unless the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, or the special servicer under the PSA determines that such an advance would not be recoverable from collections on the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan. The related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or related Non-Serviced Trustee, as applicable, will be responsible for making (A) any required principal and interest advances on any related promissory notes included in the Aventura Trust 2018-AVM securitization trust if and to the extent provided in the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA and the Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement (but not on the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan) and (B) any required property protection advances with respect to the Aventura Mall Whole Loan, unless in the case of clause (A) or (B) above, a determination of nonrecoverability is made under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA.

 

Application of Payments

 

The Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement sets forth the respective rights of the Aventura Mall Noteholders with respect to distributions of funds received in respect of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan, and provides, in general, that

 

Each of the Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loans and the rights of each holder thereof to receive payments of interest, principal and other amounts with respect to its respective Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loan will, at all times, be junior, subject and subordinate to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans and the rights of the issuing entity, as the holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan, and the holders of the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans to receive payments with respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and their respective Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans.

 

All payments, proceeds and other recoveries on or in respect of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan (other than amounts for reserves or escrows required by the Aventura Mall Whole Loan documents and certain payments and expenses including the payment and reimbursement rights of certain parties to the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA) will be applied in the following order of priority:

 

first, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to pay accrued and unpaid interest on the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans (other than default interest) to the issuing entity, as holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan, and each holder of an Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loan in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest on the applicable outstanding principal balances at the applicable note rate (net of the servicing fee rate);

 

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second, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to the issuing entity, as holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan, and each holder of an Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loan in an amount equal to all principal payments (or other amounts allocated to principal) received, if any, with respect to the related monthly payment date, until the respective outstanding principal balances have been reduced to zero;

 

third, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to the issuing entity, as holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan, and each holder of an Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loan, an amount equal to the aggregate of unreimbursed realized losses previously allocated to such holder in accordance with the Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement, plus interest thereon at the applicable note rate (net of the servicing fee rate) compounded monthly from the date the related realized loss was allocated to Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and each Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loan, such amount to be allocated to such holders on a pro rata and pari passu basis based on the amount of realized losses previously allocated to each such holder;

 

fourth, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to pay accrued and unpaid interest on the Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loans (other than default interest) to each holder of an Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loan in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest on the applicable outstanding principal balances at the applicable note rate (net of the servicing fee rate);

 

fifth, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to each holder of an Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loan in an amount equal to all principal payments (or other amounts allocated to principal) received, if any, with respect to the related monthly payment date, until the respective outstanding principal balances have been reduced to zero;

 

sixth, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, to each holder of an Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loan, an amount equal to the aggregate of unreimbursed realized losses previously allocated to such holder in accordance with the Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement, plus interest thereon at the applicable note rate (net of the servicing fee rate) compounded monthly from the date the related realized loss was allocated to each Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loan, such amount to be allocated to such holder, on a pro rata and pari passu basis based on the amount of realized losses previously allocated to each such holder;

 

seventh, to pay any yield maintenance premium then due and payable in respect of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans in connection with a permitted prepayment in accordance with the related mortgage loan documents, on a pro rata and pari passu basis

 

eighth, to pay any yield maintenance default premium then due and payable in respect of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, then to the Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loans, on a pro rata and pari passu basis;

 

ninth, to pay default interest and late payment charges then due and owing under the Aventura Mall Whole Loan, all of which will be applied in accordance with the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA; and

 

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tenth, if any excess amount is available to be distributed in respect of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan, and not otherwise applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses first to eighth), any remaining amount will be paid pro rata to the issuing entity, as holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan, and each holder of an Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loan and each holder of an Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loan based on their initial principal balances.

 

Certain fees, costs and expenses (such as a pro rata share of any unreimbursed special servicing fee or property protection advances) allocable to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan may be paid or reimbursed out of payments and other collections on the mortgage pool, subject to the trust’s right to reimbursement from future payments and other collections on the Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loans. This may result in temporary (or, if not ultimately reimbursed, permanent) shortfalls to holders of the certificates.

 

For more information regarding the allocation of collections and expenses in respect of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances” and “—Withdrawals from the Collection Account”.

 

Workout

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, if the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Special Servicer under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA modifies the terms of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan in connection with a workout or proposed workout thereof such that (i) the principal balance of the Whole Loan is decreased, (ii) the note rate is reduced, (iii) payments of interest or principal on any related promissory note are waived, reduced or deferred or (iv) any other adjustment is made to any of the payment terms of the Whole Loan, such modification shall not alter, and any modification of the mortgage loan documents shall be structured to preserve the sequential order of payment of the related promissory notes, and all payments to the holders of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans as described above under “—Application of Payments” are required to be made as though such workout did not occur, with the payment terms of each of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans remaining the same as they are on the related Intercreditor Agreement, and the full economic effect of all waivers, reductions or deferrals of amounts due on the Whole Loan attributable to such workout will be borne, first, by the holders of the Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loans, on a pro rata and pari passu basis, based on their respective principal balances (up to their respective principal balances, together with accrued interest thereon at the related note rate and any other amounts due to each Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loan holder, as applicable) and then, by the holders of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans, on a pro rata and pari passu basis (up to their respective principal balances, together with accrued interest thereon at the related note rate and any other amounts due to each such holder, as applicable).

 

Consultation and Control

 

Pursuant to the Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement, the controlling noteholder for the Aventura Mall Whole Loan (the “Aventura Mall Controlling Noteholder“) will be the holder of the Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loan evidenced by promissory note A-1-A provided that the rights of the controlling noteholder are expected to be exercised by holders of the majority of the class of securities issued in the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM securitization designated as the “controlling class” or such other class(es) otherwise assigned the rights to exercise the rights of the controlling noteholder; provided, further, that if at any time 50% or more of promissory note A-1-A (or the “controlling class” of the Aventura Mall Trust

 

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2018-AVM securitization or such other class(es) otherwise assigned the rights to exercise the rights of the controlling noteholder) is held by a borrower affiliate, the holder of promissory note A-1-A (or such class) will not be entitled to exercise any rights of the controlling noteholder under the Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement or the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA. Certain decisions to be made with respect to the Aventura Mall Whole Loan, including certain major servicing decisions, and the implementation of any recommended actions outlined in an asset status report with respect to the Aventura Mall Whole Loan or any related REO property will require the approval of the Aventura Mall Controlling Noteholder.

 

Pursuant to the terms of the Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement, the issuing entity, as holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan or its representative (unless the Controlling Class is held by a borrower affiliate), will (i) have the right to receive (1) notice, information and reports with respect to certain major decisions to be taken with respect to the Aventura Mall Whole Loan (similar to such notice, information or report the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer is required to deliver to the directing holder under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA) (without regard to whether such items are actually required to be provided to the directing holder under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA due to the occurrence of a control event or a consultation termination event (in each case as defined in the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA)) and (2) a summary of the asset status report relating to the Aventura Mall Whole Loan (at the same time as it is required to deliver to the directing holder under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA) and (ii) have the right to be consulted on a strictly non binding basis to the extent the holder of the related Mortgage Loan requests consultation with respect to any such major decisions to be taken with respect to the Aventura Mall Whole Loan or the implementation of any recommended action outlined in an asset status report relating to the Aventura Mall Whole Loan (and the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be required to consider alternative actions recommended by the holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan). The consultation rights of the issuing entity, as the holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan, will expire 10 business days following the delivery of written notice of the proposed action, together with copies of the notice, information and reports required thereto (unless the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer proposes a new course of action that is materially different from the action previously proposed, in which case the 10 business day consultation period will be deemed to begin anew from the date of such proposal and delivery of all information relating thereto). Notwithstanding the consultation rights of the issuing entity, as the holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan, described above, the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer is permitted to make any such major decision or take any action set forth in the asset status report before the expiration of the aforementioned 10 business day period if it determines that immediate action with respect to such decision is necessary to protect the interests of the Aventura Mall Noteholders; and the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will not be obligated at any time to follow or take any alternative actions recommended by the issuing entity, as holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (or its representative).

 

In addition to the consultation rights described above, the issuing entity, as holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (or its representative), will have the right to attend annual meetings (either telephonically or in person, in the discretion of the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable) with the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer at the offices of the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, upon reasonable notice and at times reasonably acceptable to the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, in which servicing issues related to the Aventura Mall Whole Loan are discussed, provided that the issuing entity (or its representative) executes a confidentiality agreement in form and

 

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substance reasonably satisfactory to it, the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer, as applicable, and the Aventura Mall Controlling Noteholder.

 

Sale of Defaulted Whole Loan

 

Pursuant to the terms of the Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement, if the Aventura Mall Whole Loan becomes a defaulted loan under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, and if the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer determines to sell the promissory notes included in the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM securitization trust in accordance with the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, then the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be required to sell the Aventura Mall Companion Loans together with the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan as one whole loan in accordance with the servicing standard as set forth in the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will not be permitted to sell the Aventura Mall Whole Loan if such Whole Loan becomes a defaulted whole loan without the written consent of the issuing entity, as holder of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan (provided that such consent is not required if the issuing entity is a borrower affiliate (as defined in the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA)) unless such Non-Serviced Special Servicer has delivered to the issuing entity: (a) at least 15 business days prior written notice of any decision to attempt to sell the related Whole Loan; (b) at least 10 days prior to the proposed sale date, a copy of each bid package (together with any material amendments to such bid packages) received by the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer in connection with any such proposed sale; (c) at least 10 days prior to the proposed sale date, a copy of the most recent appraisal for the Aventura Mall Whole Loan, and any documents in the servicing file reasonably requested by the issuing entity that are material to the price of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan; and (d) until the sale is completed, and a reasonable period of time (but no less time than is afforded to other offerors) prior to the proposed sale date, all information and other documents being provided to other offerors and all leases or other documents that are approved by the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer in connection with the proposed sale; provided that the issuing entity may waive as to itself any of the delivery or timing requirements described in this sentence. Subject to the terms of the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, the issuing entity (or its representative) will be permitted to submit an offer at any sale of the related Whole Loan unless it is a borrower affiliate (as defined in the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA).

 

Special Servicer Appointment Rights

 

Pursuant to the Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement, subject to the terms of the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, the Aventura Mall Controlling Noteholder will have the right at any time and from time to time and without cause, to replace the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer then acting with respect to the Aventura Mall Whole Loan and appoint a replacement special servicer in lieu of such special servicer in a manner substantially similar to that as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Replacement of a Special Servicer Without Cause”.

 

The Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan

 

The Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (as defined below), representing approximately 1.1% of the Initial Pool Balance, is part of a Whole Loan evidenced by eight promissory notes, each of which is secured by the same mortgage instrument on the same Mortgaged

 

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Property, with an aggregate initial principal amount of $260,000,000. Note A-2-4, with an initial principal balance of $9,625,000 (the “Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan“ or the “Fair Oaks Mall Trust Note“), will be deposited into this securitization.

 

The Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan (as defined below) is evidenced by (i) the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan, (ii) five (5) senior promissory notes designated as Note A-1-1, Note A-1-2, Note A-2-1, Note A-2-2 and Note A-2-3 (the “Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans“), which have an aggregate initial principal balance of $165,375,000, and (iii) 2 subordinate promissory notes designated as Note B-1 and Note B-2 (the “Fair Oaks Mall B Notes“ and, together with the Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans, the “Fair Oaks Mall Companion Loans“), which have an aggregate initial principal balance of $85,000,000.

 

The Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan, the Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans and the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes are collectively referred to as the “Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan”. The Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan and the Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans are collectively referred to as the “Fair Oaks Mall A Notes“. The Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans are generally pari passu in right of payment with each other and with the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan. The Fair Oaks Mall B Notes are generally pari passu in right of payment with each other, but subordinate in right of payment with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes.

 

Only the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Note is included in the issuing entity. The Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans represented by Note A-1-1 and Note A-1-2 were contributed, respectively, to the BANK 2018-BNK12 securitization transaction and the BANK 2018-BNK13 securitization transaction. The Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans represented by Note A-2-1 and Note A-2-2 were contributed to the WFCM 2018-C46 securitization transaction. The Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans represented by Note A-2-3 is currently held by Barclays Bank PLC, but is expected to be contributed to the BBCMS 2018-C2 securitization transaction. The Fair Oaks Mall B Notes are currently held by Annaly CRE LLC.

 

The holders of the promissory notes evidencing the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan (the “Fair Oaks Mall Noteholders“) have entered into an Intercreditor Agreement (the “Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement“) that sets forth the respective rights of each Fair Oaks Mall Noteholder. The following summaries describe certain provisions of the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Servicing

 

The Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan (including the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan) and any related REO Property will be serviced and administered by the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer and, if necessary, in the manner described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans—Servicing of the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan”, but subject to the terms of the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Advances

 

The applicable master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, will be responsible for making any required principal and interest advances on the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (but not on any of the Fair Oaks Mall Companion Loans) pursuant to the terms of the PSA, unless the applicable master servicer, the applicable special servicer or the trustee, as applicable, determines that such an advance would not be recoverable from collections on the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan. Principal and interest advances in respect of the Fair Oaks Companion Loans and property protection advances in respect of the Fair Oaks Mall

 

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Whole Loan will be made as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans—Servicing of the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan”.

 

Application of Payments

 

The Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement sets forth the respective rights of the holder of Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan and the holders of the Fair Oaks Mall Companion Loans with respect to distributions of funds received in respect of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, and provides, in general, that the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes and the respective rights of the holders of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes to receive payments of interest, principal and other amounts with respect to each Fair Oaks Mall B Note, respectively, will at all times be junior, subject and subordinate to the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes and the respective rights of the holders of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes to receive payments of interest, principal and other amounts with respect to each Fair Oaks Mall A Note, respectively, as and to the extent set forth in the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement.

 

If no Fair Oaks Mall Sequential Pay Event has occurred and is continuing, all amounts tendered by the borrower or otherwise available for payment on the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan (excluding amounts for required reserves, escrows and certain other fees, costs and expenses) will be applied by the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer in the following order of priority:

 

first, to the holders of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes (the “Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders“), pro rata (based on their respective entitlements to interest) in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes, at the applicable note interest rate;

 

second, to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders, pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes) in an aggregate amount equal to all principal payments received, including any insurance and condemnation proceeds received, if any, with respect to such monthly payment date with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan allocated as principal on the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan and payable to the noteholders, until the principal balance of each Fair Oaks Mall A Note has been reduced to zero;

 

third, to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders, pro rata (based on their respective entitlements) up to the amount of any unreimbursed out-of-pocket costs and expenses paid by such Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders including any advances paid from sources other than collections and not previously reimbursed by the borrower (or paid or advanced by the applicable master servicer or the applicable special servicer, as applicable, on its behalf and not previously paid or reimbursed to such servicer) with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan pursuant to the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement or the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA;

 

fourth, if the proceeds of any foreclosure sale or any liquidation of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan or the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property exceed the amounts required to be applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses first through third and, as a result of a written modification, waiver, amendment, restructuring or workout of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan (a “Fair Oaks Mall Workout“) the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes has been reduced, such excess amount will be paid to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes) in an aggregate amount up to the reduction, if any, of the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes as a result of

 

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such Fair Oaks Mall Workout, plus interest on such aggregate amount at the related note interest rate;

 

fifth, to the extent the holders of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes (the “Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders“) have made any payments or advances to cure defaults pursuant to the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement, to reimburse such Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders for all such cure payments;

 

sixth, to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders, pro rata (based on their respective entitlements to interest) in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes at the applicable note interest rate;

 

seventh, to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders, pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes) in an aggregate amount equal to all principal payments received, including any insurance and condemnation proceeds received, if any, with respect to such monthly payment date with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan allocated as principal on the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan and payable to the noteholders, remaining after giving effect to the allocation in clause second above, until the principal balance of each Fair Oaks Mall B Note has been reduced to zero;

 

eighth, if the proceeds of any foreclosure sale or any liquidation of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan or the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property exceed the amounts required to be applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses first through seventh and, as a result of a Fair Oaks Mall Workout the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes has been reduced, such excess amount will be required to be paid to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes) in an aggregate amount up to the reduction, if any, of the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes as a result of such Fair Oaks Mall Workout, plus interest on such aggregate amount at the related note interest rate;

 

ninth, to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders, pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes) in an aggregate amount equal to the product of (i) the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Percentage Interest multiplied by (ii) the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Relative Spread and (iii) any prepayment premium to the extent paid by the borrower;

 

tenth, to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders, pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes) in an aggregate amount equal to the product of (i) the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Percentage Interest multiplied by (ii) the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Relative Spread and (iii) any prepayment premium to the extent paid by the borrower;

 

eleventh, to the extent assumption or transfer fees actually paid by the borrower are not required to be otherwise applied under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, including, without limitation, to provide reimbursement for interest on any advances, to pay any additional servicing expenses or to compensate the applicable master servicer or applicable special servicer, as applicable (in each case provided that such reimbursements or payments relate to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan), any such assumption or transfer fees, to the extent actually paid by the borrower, will be required to be paid pro rata to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders and the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders in accordance with the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Percentage Interest

 

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and the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Percentage Interest, respectively, with the amount distributed to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders to be allocated pro rata based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes, and with the amount distributed to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders to be allocated pro rata based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes; and

 

twelfth, if any excess amount, including, without limitation, any default interest, is available to be distributed in respect of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, and not otherwise applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses first through eleventh, any remaining amount will be paid pro rata to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders and the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders in accordance with the initial Fair Oaks Mall Note A Percentage Interest and the initial Fair Oaks Mall Note B Percentage Interest, respectively, with the amount distributed to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders to be allocated pro rata based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes, and with the amount distributed to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders to be allocated pro rata based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes.

 

Upon the occurrence and continuance of a Fair Oaks Mall Sequential Pay Event, amounts tendered by the borrower or otherwise available for payment on the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan or the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property or amounts realized on proceeds thereof (excluding amounts for required reserves, escrows and certain other fees, costs and expenses) will be applied in the following order of priority:

 

first, to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders, pro rata (based on their respective entitlements to interest) in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest on the respective principal balances on the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes, at the applicable note interest rate;

 

second, to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders, pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes), until the principal balance of each Fair Oaks Mall A Note has been reduced to zero;

 

third, to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders, pro rata (based on their respective entitlements) up to the amount of any unreimbursed out-of-pocket costs and expenses paid by such Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders including any advances paid from sources other than collections, in each case to the extent reimbursable by the borrower but not previously reimbursed by the borrower (or paid or advanced by any the applicable master servicer or applicable special servicer, as applicable, on its behalf and not previously paid or reimbursed to such servicer), with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan pursuant to the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement or the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA;

 

fourth, to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders, pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes) in an aggregate amount equal to the product of (i) the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Percentage Interest multiplied by (ii) the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Relative Spread, and (iii) any prepayment premium to the extent paid by the borrower;

 

fifth, if the proceeds of any foreclosure sale or any liquidation of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan or the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property exceed the amounts required to be applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses first through fourth and, as a result of a Fair Oaks Mall Workout the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes has been reduced, such excess amount will be required to be paid to

 

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the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes) in an aggregate amount up to the reduction, if any, of the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes as a result of such Fair Oaks Mall Workout, plus interest on such aggregate amount at the related note interest rate;

 

sixth, to the extent the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders have made any payments or advances to cure defaults pursuant to the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement, to reimburse the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders for all such cure payments; and to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders in the amount of any other unreimbursed reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses paid each Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholder, in each case to the extent reimbursable by, but not previously reimbursed by, the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan Borrower;

 

seventh, to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders, pro rata (based on their respective entitlements to interest) in an amount equal to the accrued and unpaid interest on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes at the applicable note interest rate;

 

eighth, to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders, pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes), until the principal balance of each Fair Oaks Mall B Note has been reduced to zero;

 

ninth, to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders, pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes) in an aggregate amount equal to the product of (i) the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Percentage Interest multiplied by (ii) the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Relative Spread and (iii) any prepayment premium to the extent paid by the borrower;

 

tenth, if the proceeds of any foreclosure sale or any liquidation of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan or the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property exceed the amounts required to be applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses first through ninth and, as a result of a Fair Oaks Mall Workout the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes has been reduced, such excess amount will be paid to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders pro rata (based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes) in an aggregate amount up to the reduction, if any, of the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes as a result of such Fair Oaks Mall Workout, plus interest on such aggregate amount at the related note interest rate;

 

eleventh, to the extent assumption or transfer fees actually paid by the borrower are not required to be otherwise applied under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, including, without limitation, to provide reimbursement for interest on any advances, to pay any additional servicing expenses or to compensate the applicable master servicer or applicable special servicer, as applicable (in each case provided that such reimbursements or payments relate to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan), any such assumption or transfer fees, to the extent actually paid by the borrower, will be required to be paid pro rata to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders and the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders in accordance with the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Percentage Interest and the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Percentage Interest, respectively, with the amount distributed to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders to be allocated pro rata based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes, and with the amount distributed to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders to be allocated pro rata based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes; and

 

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twelfth, if any excess amount, including, without limitation, any default interest, is available to be distributed in respect of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, and not otherwise applied in accordance with the foregoing clauses first through eleventh, any remaining amount will be paid pro rata to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders and the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders in accordance with the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Percentage Interest and the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Percentage Interest, respectively, with the amount distributed to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders to be allocated pro rata based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes, and with the amount distributed to the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders to be allocated pro rata based on the respective principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes.

 

Fair Oaks Mall Note A Percentage Interest“ means a fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes, and the denominator of which is the sum of the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes and the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes.

 

Fair Oaks Mall Note A Rate“ means 4.2580%.

 

Fair Oaks Mall Note A Relative Spread“ means the ratio of the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Rate to the weighted average of the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Rate and the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Rate.

 

Fair Oaks Mall Note B Percentage Interest“ means a fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes, and the denominator of which is the sum of the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes and the aggregate principal balance of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes.

 

Fair Oaks Mall Note B Rate“ means 7.50%.

 

Fair Oaks Mall Note B Relative Spread“ means the ratio of the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Rate to the weighted average of the Fair Oaks Mall Note A Rate and the Fair Oaks Mall Note B Rate.

 

Fair Oaks Mall Sequential Pay Event“ means any event of default with respect to an obligation to pay money due under the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, any other event of default for which the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan is actually accelerated or any other event of default which causes the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan to become a specially serviced mortgage loan, or any bankruptcy or insolvency event that constitutes an event of default under the related mortgage loan documents; provided, however, that unless the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or the BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as applicable, has notice or knowledge of such event at least 10 Business Days prior to the applicable distribution date, distributions will be made sequentially beginning on the subsequent distribution date; provided, further, that the aforementioned requirement of notice or knowledge will not apply in the case of distribution of the final proceeds of a liquidation or final disposition of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan. A Fair Oaks Mall Sequential Pay Event will no longer exist to the extent it has been cured (including any cure payment made by the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders in accordance with the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement) and will not be deemed to exist to the extent the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders are exercising their cure rights under the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement or the default that led to the occurrence of such Fair Oaks Mall Sequential Pay Event has otherwise been cured or waived.

 

BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer“ means AEGON USA Realty Advisors, LLC.

 

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Consultation and Control

 

Pursuant to the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement, the controlling holder with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property (the “Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder“), as of any date of determination, will be (i) the holder or holders of a majority of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes (by principal balance), unless a Fair Oaks Mall B Note Control Appraisal Period has occurred and is continuing, (ii) if and for so long as a Fair Oaks Mall B Note Control Appraisal Period has occurred and is continuing, the holder of the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Note (the “Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder“); provided that at any time the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder is the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder and the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Note is included in the Issuing Entity, references to “Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder” will mean the Directing Certificateholder or any other party assigned the rights to exercise the rights of the “Controlling Noteholder” under the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement, as and to the extent provided in the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA; and provided further that, if the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders would be the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder pursuant to the terms hereof, but any interest in any of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes is held by the borrower or a Fair Oaks Mall Borrower Related Party, or the borrower or the Fair Oaks Mall Borrower Related Party would otherwise be entitled to exercise the rights of the Controlling Noteholder in respect of any of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes, then a Fair Oaks Mall B Note Control Appraisal Period will be deemed to have occurred. The holder of a majority of the Fair Oaks Mall B Note is the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder as of the Closing Date.

 

Fair Oaks Mall Major Decision“ means any major decision as defined in the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Fair Oaks Mall B Note Control Appraisal Period“ means any period with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, if and for so long as:

 

(a) (1) the sum of the aggregate initial principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes, minus (2) the sum (without duplication) of (x) any payments of principal (whether as principal prepayments or otherwise) allocated to, and received on, the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes after the date of creation of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes, (y) any appraisal reduction amount under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA for the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan that is allocated to the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes and (z) any losses realized with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property or the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan that are allocated to the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes, is less than

 

(b) 25% of the remainder of (i) the sum of the aggregate initial principal balances of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes less (ii) any payments of principal (whether as principal prepayments or otherwise) allocated to, and received by, the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders on each Fair Oaks Mall B Note, respectively, after the date of creation of such Fair Oaks Mall B Notes,

 

provided that a Fair Oaks Mall B Note Control Appraisal Period will terminate upon the occurrence of a cure by the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders pursuant to the terms of the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Fair Oaks Mall Borrower Related Party“ means, with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan, (i) (a) the borrower or (b) any direct or indirect parent of the borrower or (c) any affiliate of the borrower or (d) any affiliate of any direct or indirect parent of the borrower, (ii) any entity that is a holder of debt secured by direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower or any affiliate of the holder of such debt, or (iii) any entity that is a holder of a preferred equity interest in the borrower or any affiliate of a holder of such preferred equity.

 

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The Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders, acting unanimously, are entitled to avoid a Fair Oaks Mall B Note Control Appraisal Period caused by application of an appraisal reduction amount under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA upon the satisfaction of certain conditions (within 30 days of the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer’s or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer’s, as applicable, receipt of a third party appraisal that indicates such Fair Oaks Mall Control Appraisal Period has occurred) including delivery to the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer’s or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer’s, as applicable, of additional collateral in the form of either (x) cash or (y) an unconditional and irrevocable standby letter of credit issued by a bank or other financial institution(s) that meets the rating requirements as described in the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement, in each case, in an amount which, when added to the appraised value of the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property as determined pursuant to the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, would cause the applicable Fair Oaks Mall Control Appraisal Period not to occur.

 

Pursuant to the terms of the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement, if any consent, modification, amendment or waiver under or other action in respect of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan (whether or not a servicing transfer event has occurred and is continuing) that would constitute a Fair Oaks Mall Major Decision has been requested or proposed or any fact or circumstance has occurred requiring that a Fair Oaks Mall Major Decision be made, or if the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as applicable, otherwise intends to make a Fair Oaks Mall Major Decision, at least 10 business days prior to taking action with respect to such Fair Oaks Mall Major Decision, the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as applicable, must receive the written consent of the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder (or its representative) before implementing a decision with respect to such Fair Oaks Mall Major Decision; provided, that if the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as the case may be, does not receive a response within 7 business days of its delivery of notice of a Fair Oaks Mall Major Decision, the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder (or the BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer acting on its behalf) is required to deliver a second notice to the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder, and if the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder does not respond within 3 business days of receipt of such second notice, it will have no further consent rights with respect to the specific action set forth in such notice; provided, further, that such failure to reply will not affect the rights of the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder to consent to any future actions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a failure to take any such action at such time would be inconsistent with the servicing standard under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as the case may be, may take actions with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property before obtaining the consent of the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder (or its representative) if the applicable servicer reasonably determines in accordance with the applicable servicing standard that failure to take such actions prior to such consent would materially and adversely affect the interest of the Fair Oaks Mall Noteholders, and the applicable servicer has made a reasonable effort to contact the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder (or its representative). In addition, at any time the Note B Holder is the Controlling Noteholder, any consent request to terminate the collateral Macy’s lease as contemplated in the Mortgage Loan documents will also require the consent (or deemed consent) of the Note A-1-1 Holder (or the Directing Certificateholder) in addition to the consent (or deemed consent) of the Controlling Noteholder (or its representative), and the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as applicable, will be required to copy the Note A-1-1 Holder (or the Directing Certificateholder) on any notice of such consent request sent to the Controlling Noteholder and its representative; the same notice and timing requirements described above with respect to the Controlling Noteholder (or its representative) will apply to such requests for consent of the Note A-1-1 Holder (or the Directing Certificateholder). If

 

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any such consent request is made pursuant to the preceding sentence, the Note A-1-1 Holder must consult with the Controlling Noteholder (or its representative) on a non-binding basis prior to affirmatively consenting to or withholding consent to such consent request.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder (or the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as the case may be, acting on its behalf) is not required to follow any advice or consultation provided by the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder (or its representative) that would require or cause the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder (or the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as the case may be, acting on its behalf) to violate any applicable law, including the REMIC provisions, be inconsistent with the applicable servicing standard, require or cause the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder (or the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as the case may be, acting on its behalf) to violate provisions of the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement or the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, require or cause the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder (or the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as the case may be, acting on its behalf) to violate the terms of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, or materially expand the scope of the responsibilities of the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder (or the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as the case may be, acting on its behalf) under the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement or the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA.

 

The BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer will be required to provide copies to each Fair Oaks Mall Noteholder that is not the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder of any notice, information and report that is required to be provided to the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder pursuant to the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA with respect to any Fair Oaks Mall Major Decisions or the implementation of any recommended actions outlined in an asset status report within the same time frame such notice, information and report is required to be provided to the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder, and at any time the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder is the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder, the BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer will be required to consult with each other Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder (a “Non-Controlling Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder“) on a strictly non-binding basis, to the extent having received such notices, information and reports, any Non-Controlling Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder requests consultation with respect to any such Fair Oaks Mall Major Decisions or the implementation of any recommended actions outlined in an Asset Status Report, and consider alternative actions recommended by such Non-Controlling Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder; provided that after the expiration of a period of 10 business days from the delivery to any Non-Controlling Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder by the BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer of written notice of a proposed action, together with copies of the notice, information and reports, the applicable special servicer will no longer be obligated to consult with such Non-Controlling Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder, whether or not such Non-Controlling Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder has responded within such 10 business day period (unless, the BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer proposes a new course of action that is materially different from the action previously proposed, in which case such 10 business day period will be deemed to begin anew from the date of such proposal and delivery of all information relating thereto). Upon securitization of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes other than the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Note, references in this paragraph to the Non-Controlling Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder as such term relates to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder will mean the related holders of the majority of the class of securities issued in such securitization designated as the “controlling class” pursuant to the related servicing agreement or their duly appointed representative.

 

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In addition to the consultation rights provided in the immediately preceding paragraph, at any time the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder is the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder, each other Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder will have the right to attend annual meetings (which may be held telephonically or in person, at the discretion of the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer) with the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder (or the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer acting on its behalf), upon reasonable notice and at times reasonably acceptable to the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer, as applicable, in which servicing issues related to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan are discussed.

 

Sale of Defaulted Whole Loan

 

If an event of default under the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan has occurred and is continuing, the BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer may, in accordance with the terms and provisions of the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA and subject to the related servicing standard, elect to sell (1) the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, subject to the consent right of the Controlling Noteholder (or its representative), in which case such sale would include each of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes and each of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes, as determined by the BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer in accordance with the related servicing standard (taking into account the subordinate nature of the Fair Oaks Mall B Notes) or (2) each of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes together, in which case the BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer will be required to provide notice to each Other Master Servicer who will provide notice to the related Non-Controlling Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder of the planned sale and of such Non-Controlling A Noteholder’s opportunity to submit an offer on Note A-1-1, Note A-1-2, Note A-2-1, Note A-2-2 and Note A-2-3 together.

 

Cure Rights

 

In the event that there is (a) a monetary event of default beyond applicable notice and grace periods with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan or (b) a non-monetary event of default beyond applicable notice and grace periods with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan, then the holders of the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders will have the right, acting unanimously, but not the obligation, to: (A) cure such monetary event of default within 7 business days following the receipt of notice of such default and (B) cure such non-monetary event of default within the later of (i) the expiration date of the cure period afforded to the borrower under the Mortgage Loan documents and (ii) 30 days following receipt of notice of such default; provided that under certain circumstances the cure period with respect to a non-monetary event of default may be extended by up to 90 days. If the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders elect to cure a default by way of a payment of money (a “Fair Oaks Mall Cure Payment“), the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders will be required to make such Fair Oaks Mall Cure Payment as directed by the applicable master servicer or the applicable special servicer and such Fair Oaks Mall Cure Payment is required to include reimbursement for all advances, fees or interest paid by the applicable master servicer or the applicable special servicer or the holders of the Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans. So long as an event of default exists that is being cured by the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders and the applicable cure period has not expired, the default will not be treated as a Fair Oaks Mall Sequential Pay Event (i) for purposes of “—Application of Payments” above, (ii) for purposes of triggering an acceleration of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan or commencing foreclosure proceedings or similar legal proceedings with respect to the related Mortgaged Property, or (iii) for purposes of treating the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan as a specially serviced loan under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the right of the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders to cure a default will be limited to a combined total of 6 cures of monetary defaults, no more than 4 of which may be consecutive, and 6 non-monetary defaults over the term of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan.

 

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Purchase Option

 

After the occurrence and delivery of a notice of an event of default or a servicing transfer event, the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders, acting unanimously, will have the right, by written notice to the Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders (a “Fair Oaks Mall Purchase Notice“), to purchase in immediately available funds, (x) the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes in whole, but not in part, at the applicable defaulted mortgage loan purchase price, which is generally equal to unpaid principal, interest and expenses (but generally excluding prepayment premiums, default interest or late charges unless the holder is the borrower or an affiliate of the borrower). Upon delivery of the Fair Oaks Mall Purchase Notice to the then-current Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders, such Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders will be required to sell (and the requesting purchaser will be required to purchase) the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes at the applicable defaulted mortgage loan purchase price, on a date (the “Defaulted Fair Oaks Mall Purchase Date“) not less than 10 and not more than 60 days after the date of the Fair Oaks Mall Purchase Notice. The failure of the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders to purchase the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes on the Defaulted Fair Oaks Mall Purchase Date will result in the termination of such right with respect to the event of default or servicing transfer event that gave rise to such right. The Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders have agreed that the sale of the Fair Oaks Mall A Notes will comply with all requirements of the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA and that all costs and expenses related thereto will be paid by the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders. The right of the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders to purchase the loans as described in this paragraph will automatically terminate upon a foreclosure sale, sale by power of sale or delivery of a deed in lieu of foreclosure with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder is required to give each Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholder 10 business days prior written notice of its intent with respect to any consummation of a foreclosure sale, sale by power of sale or delivery of deed in lieu of foreclosure with respect to the related Mortgaged Property. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if title to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property is transferred to the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder (or a designee on its behalf), in a manner commonly known as “the borrower turning over the keys” and not otherwise in connection with a consummation by the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder of a foreclosure sale or sale by power of sale or acceptance of a deed in lieu of foreclosure, less than 10 business days after the acceleration of the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan, the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder will be required to notify each Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholder of such transfer and the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders will each have a 15 business day period from the date of such notice from the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder to deliver the Fair Oaks Mall Purchase Notice to the Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder, in which case the Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders will be obligated to purchase the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgaged Property, in immediately available funds, within such 15 business day period at the applicable purchase price.

 

Special Servicer Appointment Rights

 

Pursuant to the Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement, the Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder (or its representative) will have the right, at any time, with or without cause, to replace the special servicer then acting with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan and appoint a replacement special servicer in lieu thereof without the consent of the holders of the Fair Oaks Mall Companion Loans (or their representatives) in a manner that is substantially similar to that as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Special Servicing Transfer Event” and “Rights Upon Servicer Termination Event” in this prospectus.

 

Additional Information

 

Each of the tables presented in Annex A-2 sets forth selected characteristics of the pool of Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date, if applicable. For a detailed presentation of

 

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certain additional characteristics of the Mortgage Loans and the Mortgaged Properties on an individual basis, see Annex A-1. For a brief summary of the largest 15 Mortgage Loans in the pool of Mortgage Loans, see Annex A-3.

 

The description in this prospectus, including Annex A-1, A-2 and A-3, of the Mortgage Pool and the Mortgaged Properties is based upon the Mortgage Pool as expected to be constituted at the close of business on the Cut-off Date, as adjusted for the scheduled principal payments due on the Mortgage Loans on or before the Cut-off Date. Prior to the issuance of the Offered Certificates, a Mortgage Loan may be removed from the Mortgage Pool if the depositor deems such removal necessary or appropriate or if it is prepaid. This may cause the range of Mortgage Rates and maturities as well as the other characteristics of the Mortgage Loans to vary from those described in this prospectus.

 

A Form ABS-EE with the information required by Item 1125 of Regulation AB (17 C.F.R. § 229.1125), Schedule AL – Asset-Level Information will be filed or caused to be filed by the depositor with respect to the issuing entity on or prior to the date of the filing of this prospectus and will provide such information for a reporting period commencing on the day after the hypothetical Determination Date in November 2018 and ending on the hypothetical Determination Date in December 2018. In addition, a Current Report on Form 8-K containing detailed information regarding the Mortgage Loans will be available to persons (including beneficial owners of the Offered Certificates) who receive this prospectus and will be filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act“), together with the PSA, with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC“) on or prior to the date of the filing of the final prospectus.

 

Transaction Parties

 

The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, Barclays Bank PLC, BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC, Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC and Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC, are referred to in this prospectus as the “originators”. The depositor will acquire the Mortgage Loans from Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, Barclays Bank PLC, BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC, Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC and Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC on or about December 20, 2018 (the “Closing Date”). Each mortgage loan seller is a “sponsor” of the securitization transaction described in this prospectus. The depositor will cause the Mortgage Loans in the Mortgage Pool to be assigned to the trustee pursuant to the PSA.

 

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC

 

General

 

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC (“Argentic“) (formerly known as Silverpeak Real Estate Finance LLC) is a sponsor of, and a seller of certain mortgage loans (the “Argentic Mortgage Loans“) into, the securitization described in this prospectus. Argentic is a limited liability company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. The primary offices of Argentic are located at 40 West 57th Street, 29th Floor, New York, New York 10019.

 

Argentic’s Securitization Program

 

Argentic began originating and acquiring loans in 2014 and has not been involved in the securitization of any other types of financial assets. Argentic originates and acquires from unaffiliated third party originators, commercial and multifamily mortgage loans throughout the United States. Since 2014, Argentic has securitized approximately 304 commercial and

 

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multifamily mortgage loans with an aggregate original principal balance of approximately $4,408,080,227.

 

In connection with this commercial mortgage securitization transaction, Argentic will transfer the Argentic Mortgage Loans to the depositor, who will then transfer the Argentic Mortgage Loans to the issuing entity for this securitization. In return for the transfer by the depositor to the issuing entity of the Argentic Mortgage Loans (together with the other mortgage loans being securitized), the issuing entity will issue commercial mortgage pass-through certificates that are, in whole or in part, backed by, and supported by the cash flows generated by, the mortgage loans being securitized. In coordination with underwriters or initial purchasers and the depositor, Argentic will work with rating agencies, the other loan sellers, servicers and investors and will participate in structuring the securitization transaction to maximize the overall value and capital structure, taking into account numerous factors, including without limitation geographic and property type diversity and rating agency criteria.

 

Pursuant to a MLPA, Argentic will make certain representations and warranties, subject to certain exceptions set forth therein, and undertake certain loan document delivery requirements with respect to the Argentic Mortgage Loans; and, in the event of an uncured material breach of any such representation and warranty or an uncured material document defect or omission, Argentic will generally be obligated to repurchase or replace the affected mortgage loan or, in some cases, pay an amount estimated to cover the approximate loss associated with such breach, defect or omission.

 

Argentic does not act as a servicer of the commercial and multifamily mortgage loans that Argentic originates or acquires and will not act as servicer in this commercial mortgage securitization transaction. Instead, Argentic sells the right to be appointed servicer of its securitized loans to unaffiliated third party servicers and utilizes unaffiliated third party servicers as interim servicers.

 

Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes

 

Each of the Argentic Mortgage Loans was originated or acquired by Argentic. Set forth below is a discussion of certain general underwriting guidelines and processes with respect to commercial and multifamily mortgage loans originated or acquired by Argentic.

 

Notwithstanding the discussion below, given the unique nature of commercial and multifamily mortgaged properties, the underwriting and origination procedures and the credit analysis with respect to any particular commercial or multifamily mortgage loan may significantly differ from one asset to another, and will be driven by circumstances particular to that property, including, among others, its type, current use, size, location, market conditions, reserve requirements and additional collateral, tenants and leases, borrower identity, sponsorship, performance history and/or other factors. Consequently, the underwriting of certain commercial or multifamily mortgage loan originated or acquired by Argentic may not conform to the general guidelines and processes described below. For important information about the circumstances that have affected the underwriting of particular Argentic Mortgage Loans, see “—Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes—Exceptions” below and “Annex D-2—Exceptions to Mortgage Loan Representations and Warranties” in this prospectus.

 

Loan Analysis. Generally both a credit analysis and a collateral analysis are conducted with respect to each commercial and multifamily mortgage loan. The credit analysis of the borrower generally includes a review of third party credit reports or judgment, lien, bankruptcy and pending litigation searches. The collateral analysis generally includes a

 

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review of, in each case to the extent available and applicable, the historical property operating statements, rent rolls and certain significant tenant leases. The credit underwriting also generally includes a review of third party appraisals, as well as environmental reports, engineering assessments and seismic reports, if applicable and obtained. Generally, Argentic also conducts or causes a third party to conduct a site inspection to ascertain the overall quality, functionality and competitiveness of the property, including its neighborhood and market, accessibility and visibility, and to assess the tenancy of the property. The submarket in which the property is located is assessed to evaluate competitive or comparable properties as well as market trends.

 

Loan Approval. Prior to commitment, each commercial and multifamily mortgage loan to be originated or acquired must be approved by a loan committee that includes senior personnel of Argentic Investment Management LLC, the investment advisor of Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC. The committee may approve a mortgage loan as recommended, request additional due diligence, modify the loan terms or decline a loan transaction.

 

Debt Service Coverage Ratio and Loan-to-Value Ratio. The underwriting includes a calculation of the debt service coverage ratio and loan-to-value ratio. Argentic’s underwriting standards generally require, without regard to any other debt, a debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.20x and a loan-to-value ratio of not more than 80.0%.

 

A debt service coverage ratio will generally be calculated based on the underwritten net cash flow from the property in question as determined by Argentic and payments on the loan based on actual (or, in some cases, assumed) principal and/or interest due on the loan. However, underwritten net cash flow is often a highly subjective number based on a variety of assumptions regarding, and adjustments to, revenues and expenses with respect to the related real property collateral. For example, when calculating the debt service coverage ratio for a commercial or multifamily mortgage loan, annual net cash flow that was calculated based on assumptions regarding projected future rental income, expenses and/or occupancy may be utilized. There is no assurance that the foregoing assumptions made with respect to any prospective commercial or multifamily mortgage loan will, in fact, be consistent with actual property performance. Such underwritten net cash flow may be higher than historical net cash flow reflected in recent financial statements. Additionally, certain mortgage loans may provide for only interest payments prior to maturity, or for an interest-only period during a portion of the term of the mortgage loan.

 

A loan-to-value ratio, in general, is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the then-outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan divided by the estimated value of the related property based on an appraisal.

 

Additional Debt. Certain mortgage loans may have or permit in the future certain subordinate debt, whether secured or unsecured, and/or mezzanine debt. It is possible that Argentic or an affiliate may be the lender on that subordinate debt and/or mezzanine debt.

 

The debt service coverage ratios described above will be lower based on the inclusion of the payments related to such additional debt and the loan-to-value ratios described above will be higher based on the inclusion of the amount of any such subordinate debt and/or mezzanine debt.

 

Assessment of Property Condition. As part of the underwriting process, the property assessments and reports described below will typically be obtained:

 

Appraisals. Independent appraisals or an update of an independent appraisal will generally be required in connection with the origination or acquisition of each

 

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mortgage loan that meets the requirements of the “Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice” as adopted by the Appraisal Standards Board of the Appraisal Foundation, or the guidelines in Title XI of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989. In some cases, however, the value of the subject real property collateral may be established based on a cash flow analysis, a recent sales price or another method or benchmark of valuation.

 

Environmental Assessment. In most cases, a Phase I environmental assessment will be required with respect to the real property collateral for a prospective commercial or multifamily mortgage loan. However, when circumstances warrant, an update of a prior environmental assessment, a transaction screen or a desktop review may be utilized. Alternatively, in limited circumstances, an environmental assessment may not be required, such as when the benefits of an environmental insurance policy or an environmental guarantee have been obtained. It should be noted that an environmental assessment conducted at any particular real property collateral will not necessarily cover all potential environmental issues. For example, an analysis for radon, lead-based paint, mold and lead in drinking water will usually be conducted only at multifamily rental properties and only if it is believed that such an analysis is warranted under the circumstances. Depending on the findings of the initial environmental assessment, any of the following may be required: additional environmental testing, such as a Phase II environmental assessment with respect to the subject real property collateral; an environmental insurance policy; that the borrower conduct remediation activities or establish an operations and maintenance plan; and/or a guaranty or reserve with respect to environmental matters.

 

Engineering Assessment. In connection with the origination/acquisition process, in most cases, it will be required that an engineering firm inspect the real property collateral for any prospective commercial or multifamily mortgage loan to assess the structure, exterior walls, roofing, interior structure and/or mechanical and electrical systems. Based on the resulting report, the appropriate response will be determined to any recommended repairs, corrections or replacements and any identified deferred maintenance.

 

Seismic Report. Generally, a seismic report is required for all properties located in seismic zones 3 or 4.

 

Title Insurance. The borrower is required to provide a title insurance policy for each property. The title insurance policies provided typically must meet the following requirements: (i) written by a title insurer licensed to do business in the jurisdiction where the mortgaged property is located, (ii) in an amount at least equal to the original principal balance of the mortgage loan, (iii) protection and benefits run to the mortgagee and its successors and assigns, (iv) written on an American Land Title Association form or equivalent policy promulgated in the jurisdiction where the mortgaged property is located and (v) if a survey was prepared, the legal description of the mortgaged property in the title policy conforms to that shown on the survey.

 

Casualty Insurance. Except in certain instances where sole or significant tenants (which may include ground tenants) are required to obtain insurance or may self-insure, Argentic typically requires that the related mortgaged property be insured by a hazard insurance policy with a customary deductible and in an amount at least equal to the lesser of the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan and 100% of the full insurable replacement cost of the improvements located on the property. If applicable, the policy must contain appropriate endorsements to avoid

 

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the application of coinsurance and not permit reduction in insurance proceeds for depreciation, except that the policy may permit a deduction for depreciation in connection with a cash settlement after a casualty if the insurance proceeds are not being applied to rebuild or repair the damaged improvements.

 

Flood insurance, if available, must be in effect for any mortgaged property that at the time of origination or acquisition included material improvements in any area identified in the Federal Register by the Federal Emergency Management Agency a special flood hazard area. The flood insurance policy must meet the requirements of the then-current guidelines of the Federal Insurance Administration, be provided by a generally acceptable insurance carrier and be in an amount representing coverage not less than the least of (i) the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan, (ii) the full insurable value of the property or, in cases where only a portion of the property is in the flood zone, the full insurable value of the portion of the property contained therein, and (iii) the maximum amount of insurance available under the National Flood Insurance Program Act of 1968, except in some cases where self-insurance was permitted.

 

The standard form of hazard insurance policy typically covers physical damage or destruction of the improvements on the mortgaged property caused by fire, lightning, explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, riot or strike and civil commotion. The policies may contain some conditions and exclusions to coverage, including exclusions related to acts of terrorism. Generally, each of the mortgage loans requires that the related property have coverage for terrorism or terrorist acts, if such coverage is available at commercially reasonable rates. In all (or almost all) cases, there is a cap on the amount that the related borrower will be required to expend on terrorism insurance.

 

Each mortgage instrument typically also requires the borrower to maintain comprehensive general liability insurance against claims for personal and bodily injury, death or property damage occurring on, in or about the property in an amount customarily required by institutional lenders.

 

Each mortgage instrument typically further requires the related borrower to maintain business interruption or rent loss insurance in an amount not less than 100% of the projected rental income from the related property for not less than twelve months.

 

Although properties are typically not insured for earthquake risk, a borrower will be required to obtain earthquake insurance if the property has material improvements and the seismic report indicates that the PML or SEL is greater than 20%.

 

Zoning and Building Code Compliance. In connection with the origination or acquisition of a commercial or multifamily mortgage loan, Argentic will generally examine whether the use and occupancy of the related real property collateral is in material compliance with zoning, land-use, building rules, regulations and orders then applicable to that property. Evidence of this compliance may be in the form of one or more of the following: legal opinions, surveys, recorded documents, temporary or permanent certificates of occupancy, letters from government officials or agencies, title insurance endorsements, engineering or consulting reports, zoning reports and/or representations by the related borrower.

 

In some cases, a mortgaged property may constitute a legal non-conforming use or structure. In such cases, Argentic may require an endorsement to the title insurance policy or the acquisition of law and ordinance insurance with respect to the particular non

 

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conformity unless it determines that: (i) the non-conformity should not have a material adverse effect on the ability of the borrower to rebuild; or (ii) if the improvements are rebuilt in accordance with currently applicable law, the value and performance of the property would be acceptable; or (iii) any major casualty that would prevent rebuilding has a sufficiently remote likelihood of occurring; or (iv) a cash reserve, a letter of credit or an agreement from a principal of the borrower is provided to cover losses.

 

If a material violation exists with respect to a mortgaged property, Argentic may require the borrower to remediate such violation and, subject to the discussion under “—Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes—Escrow Requirements” below, to establish a reserve to cover the cost of such remediation, unless a cash reserve, a letter of credit or an agreement from a principal of the borrower is provided to cover losses.

 

Escrow Requirements. Based on Argentic’s analysis of the real property collateral, the borrower and the principals of the borrower, a borrower under a commercial or multifamily community mortgage loan may be required to fund various escrows for taxes, insurance, replacement reserves, tenant improvements/leasing commissions, deferred maintenance and/or environmental remediation. A case-by-case analysis will be conducted to determine the need for a particular escrow or reserve. Consequently, the aforementioned escrows and reserves are not established for every commercial and multifamily mortgage loan. Furthermore, Argentic may accept an alternative to a cash escrow or reserve from a borrower, such as a letter of credit or a guarantee from the borrower or an affiliate of the borrower or periodic evidence that the items for which the escrow or reserve would have been established are being paid or addressed. In some cases, Argentic may determine that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and Argentic’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the subject expense or cost absent creation of an escrow or reserve. In some cases, Argentic may determine that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted because a tenant or other third party has agreed to pay the subject cost or expense for which the escrow or reserve would otherwise have been established.

 

Generally, subject to the discussion in the prior paragraph, the required escrows for commercial and multifamily mortgage loans originated or acquired by Argentic are as follows:

 

Taxes—Monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12th of the annual property taxes (based on the most recent property assessment and the current millage rate) are typically required to satisfy real estate taxes and assessments, except that such escrows are not required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if there is an institutional property sponsor or high net worth individual property sponsor, or (ii) if and to the extent that a sole or major tenant (which may include a ground tenant) at the related mortgaged property is required to pay taxes directly.

 

Insurance—Monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12th of the annual property insurance premium are typically required to pay insurance premiums, except that such escrows are not required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if there is an institutional property sponsor or high net worth individual property sponsor, (ii) if the related borrower maintains a blanket insurance policy, or (iii) if and to the extent that a sole or major tenant (which may include a ground tenant) at the related mortgaged property is obligated to maintain the insurance or is permitted to self-insure.

 

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Replacement Reserves—Replacement reserves are generally calculated in accordance with the expected useful life of the components of the property during the term of the mortgage loan. Annual replacement reserves are generally underwritten to the suggested replacement reserve amount from an independent, third-party property condition or engineering report, or to certain minimum requirements by property type, except that such escrows are not required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if a tenant (which may include a ground tenant) at the related mortgaged property or other third party is responsible for all repairs and maintenance, or (ii) if Argentic determines that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and Argentic’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the cost of repairs and maintenance absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

Tenant Improvements / Leasing Commissions—In the case of retail, office and industrial properties, a tenant improvements / leasing commissions reserve may be required to be funded either at loan origination and/or during the related mortgage loan term to cover certain anticipated leasing commissions or tenant improvement costs which might be associated with re-leasing the space occupied by significant tenants, except that such escrows are not required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if the related tenant’s lease extends beyond the loan term, (ii) if the rent for the space in question is considered below market, or (iii) if Argentic determines that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and Argentic’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the anticipated leasing commissions or tenant improvement costs absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

Deferred Maintenance—A deferred maintenance reserve may be required to be funded at loan origination or acquisition in an amount typically equal to 100% to 125% of the estimated cost of material immediate repairs or replacements identified in the property condition or engineering report, except that such escrows are not required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if the sponsor of the borrower delivers a guarantee to complete the immediate repairs in a specified amount of time, (ii) if the deferred maintenance amount does not materially impact the function, performance or value of the property, (iii) if a tenant (which may include a ground tenant) at the related mortgaged property or other third party is responsible for the repairs, or (iv) if Argentic determines that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and Argentic’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the cost of repairs absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

Environmental Remediation—An environmental remediation reserve may be required at loan origination or acquisition in an amount equal to 100% to 125% of the estimated remediation cost identified in the environmental report, except that such escrows are not required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if the sponsor of the borrower delivers a guarantee agreeing to take responsibility and pay for the identified environmental issues, (ii) if environmental insurance is obtained or already in place, (iii) if a third party unrelated to the borrower is identified as the responsible party or (iv) if Argentic determines that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and Argentic’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct

 

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or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the cost of remediation absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

For a description of the escrows collected with respect to the Argentic Mortgage Loans, see Annex A-1 to this prospectus.

 

Exceptions. One or more of the Argentic Mortgage Loans may vary from the specific Argentic underwriting guidelines described above when additional credit positive characteristics are present as discussed above. None of the Argentic Mortgage Loans was originated with any material exceptions from Argentic’s underwriting guidelines described above. For any material exceptions to Argentic’s underwriting guidelines described above in respect of the Argentic Mortgage Loans, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines” in this prospectus.

 

Review of Mortgage Loans for Which Argentic is the Sponsor

 

Overview. Argentic has conducted a review of the Argentic Mortgage Loans in connection with the securitization described in this prospectus. The review of the Argentic Mortgage Loans was performed by a team comprised of real estate and securitization professionals (the “Argentic Review Team“). The review procedures described below were employed with respect to all of the Argentic Mortgage Loans, except that certain review procedures may only be relevant to the large loan disclosures, if any, in this prospectus. No sampling procedures were used in the review process.

 

Database. Members of the Argentic Review Team maintain a database of loan-level and property-level information, and prepared an asset summary report, relating to each Argentic Mortgage Loan. The database and the respective asset summary reports were compiled from, among other sources, the related mortgage loan documents, appraisals, environmental assessment reports, property condition reports, seismic studies, zoning reports, insurance review summaries, borrower-supplied information (including, but not limited to, rent rolls, leases, operating statements and budgets) and information collected by the Argentic Team during the underwriting process. After origination of each Argentic Mortgage Loan, the Argentic Review Team updated the information in the database and the related asset summary report with respect to such Argentic Mortgage Loan based on updates provided by the related servicer relating to loan payment status and escrows, updated operating statements, rent rolls and leasing activity, and information otherwise brought to the attention of the Argentic Review Team.

 

A data tape (the “Argentic Data Tape“) containing detailed information regarding each Argentic Mortgage Loan was created from the information in the database referred to in the prior paragraph. The Argentic Data Tape was used to provide the numerical information regarding the Argentic Mortgage Loans in this prospectus.

 

Data Comparison and Recalculation. The depositor, on behalf of Argentic, engaged a third party accounting firm to perform certain data validation and recalculation procedures designed by Argentic, relating to information in this prospectus regarding the Argentic Mortgage Loans. These procedures included:

 

comparing the information in the Argentic Data Tape against various source documents provided by Argentic that are described under “—Review of Argentic Mortgage Loans—Database” above;

 

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comparing numerical information regarding the Argentic Mortgage Loans and the related Mortgaged Properties disclosed in this prospectus against the Argentic Data Tape; and

 

recalculating certain percentages, ratios and other formulae relating to the Argentic Mortgage Loans disclosed in this prospectus.

 

Legal Review. Argentic engaged various law firms to conduct certain legal reviews of the Argentic Mortgage Loans for disclosure in this prospectus. In anticipation of the securitization of each Argentic Mortgage Loan, Argentic’s origination counsel prepared a due diligence questionnaire that sets forth salient loan terms. In addition, such origination counsel for each Argentic Mortgage Loan reviewed Argentic’s representations and warranties set forth on Annex D-1 to this prospectus and, if applicable, identified exceptions to those representations and warranties.

 

Legal counsel was also engaged in connection with this securitization to assist in the review of the Argentic Mortgage Loans. Such assistance included, among other things, (i) a review of Argentic’s asset summary report, and its origination counsel’s due diligence questionnaire, for each Argentic Mortgage Loan, (ii) a review of the representations and warranties and exception reports referred to above relating to the Argentic Mortgage Loans prepared by origination counsel, and (iii) the review of select provisions in certain loan documents with respect to certain of the Argentic Mortgage Loans.

 

Other Review Procedures. With respect to any material pending litigation on the underlying mortgaged properties of which Argentic was aware at the origination of any Argentic Mortgage Loan, the Argentic Review Team requested updates from the related borrower, origination counsel and/or borrower’s litigation counsel. Argentic conducted a search with respect to each borrower under the related Argentic Mortgage Loan to determine whether it filed for bankruptcy. If the Argentic Review Team became aware of a significant natural disaster in the vicinity of the Mortgaged Property securing any Argentic Mortgage Loan, the Argentic Review Team obtained information on the status of the Mortgaged Property from the related borrower to confirm no material damage to the Mortgaged Property.

 

The Argentic Review Team, with the assistance of counsel engaged in connection with this securitization, also reviewed the Argentic Mortgage Loans to determine whether any Argentic Mortgage Loan materially deviated from the underwriting guidelines set forth under “—Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes” above. See “—Argentic’s Underwriting Standards and Processes—Exceptions” above.

 

Findings and Conclusions. Based on the foregoing review procedures, the Argentic Review Team determined that the disclosure regarding the Argentic Mortgage Loans in this prospectus is accurate in all material respects. The Argentic Review Team also determined that the Argentic Mortgage Loans were originated in accordance with Argentic’s origination procedures and underwriting criteria, except as described under “—Argentic’s Underwriting Standard and Processes—Exceptions” above. Argentic attributes to itself all findings and conclusions resulting from the foregoing review procedures.

 

Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act

 

Argentic most recently filed a Form ABS-15G on February 14, 2018. Argentic’s Central Index Key is 0001624053. With respect to the period from and including September 29, 2014 (the date of the first securitization into which Argentic sold mortgage loans pursuant to which the underlying transaction documents provide a covenant to repurchase an

 

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underlying asset for breach of a representation or warranty) to and including September 30, 2018, Argentic does not have any activity to report as required by Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act with respect to repurchase or replacement requests in connection with breaches of representations and warranties made by it as a sponsor of commercial mortgage securitizations.

 

Retained Interests in This Securitization

 

As of the Closing Date, neither Argentic nor any of its affiliates will retain any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization, except that Argentic is an affiliate of (i) the entity that will purchase the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR and Class V Certificates and (ii) Argentic Securities Income USA LLC, the entity that is expected to be appointed as the initial Directing Certificateholder. However, Argentic or its affiliates may retain or own in the future certain classes of certificates. Any such party will have the right to dispose of such certificates at any time. See “Credit Risk Retention”.

 

The information set forth under “—Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC” has been provided by Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC.

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

 

General

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo Bank“), a national banking association, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wells Fargo & Company (NYSE: WFC). The principal office of Wells Fargo Bank’s commercial mortgage origination division is located at 4150 E 42nd Street, 38th Floor, New York, New York 10017, and its telephone number is (212) 214-7468. Wells Fargo Bank is engaged in a general consumer banking, commercial banking, and trust business, offering a wide range of commercial, corporate, international, financial market, retail and fiduciary banking services. Wells Fargo Bank is a national banking association chartered by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC“) and is subject to the regulation, supervision and examination of the OCC. Wells Fargo Bank is also the successor by merger to Wachovia Bank, National Association (“Wachovia Bank“), which, together with Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (formerly known as Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC), was previously a subsidiary of Wachovia Corporation. On December 31, 2008, Wachovia Corporation merged with and into Wells Fargo & Company. As a result of this transaction, the depositor, Wachovia Bank and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC became wholly-owned subsidiaries of Wells Fargo & Company, and affiliates of Wells Fargo Bank. On March 20, 2010, Wachovia Bank merged with and into Wells Fargo Bank.

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association’s Commercial Mortgage Securitization Program

 

Prior to its merger with Wachovia Bank, Wells Fargo Bank was an active participant in securitizations of commercial and multifamily mortgage loans as a mortgage loan seller and sponsor in securitizations for which unaffiliated entities acted as depositor. Between the inception of its commercial mortgage securitization program in 1995 and December 2007, Wells Fargo Bank originated approximately 5,360 fixed-rate commercial and multifamily mortgage loans with an aggregate original principal balance of approximately $32.4 billion, which were included in approximately 61 securitization transactions.

 

Prior to its merger into Wells Fargo Bank, one of Wachovia Bank’s primary business lines was the underwriting and origination of mortgage loans secured by commercial or

 

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multifamily properties. With its commercial mortgage lending affiliates and predecessors, Wachovia Bank began originating and securitizing commercial mortgage loans in 1995. The total amount of commercial mortgage loans originated and securitized by Wachovia Bank from 1995 through November 2007 was approximately $87.9 billion. Approximately $81.0 billion of such commercial mortgage loans were securitized by an affiliate of Wachovia Bank acting as depositor, and approximately $6.9 billion were securitized by an unaffiliated entity acting as depositor.

 

Since 2010, and following the merger of Wachovia Bank into Wells Fargo Bank, Wells Fargo Bank has resumed its active participation in the securitization of commercial and multifamily mortgage loans. Wells Fargo Bank originates commercial and multifamily mortgage loans and, together with other mortgage loan sellers and sponsors, participates in the securitization of such mortgage loans by transferring them to the depositor or to an unaffiliated securitization depositor. In coordination with its affiliate, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, and other underwriters, Wells Fargo Bank works with rating agencies, mortgage loan sellers, subordinated debt purchasers and master servicer in structuring securitizations in which it is a sponsor, a mortgage loan seller and an originator. For the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2017, Wells Fargo Bank securitized commercial and multifamily mortgage loans with an aggregate original principal balance of approximately $6.2 billion. Since the beginning of 2010, Wells Fargo Bank originated approximately 2,013 fixed-rate commercial and multifamily mortgage loans with an aggregate original principal balance of approximately $39.5 billion, which were included in 122 securitization transactions. The properties securing these loans include multifamily, office, retail, industrial, hospitality and self storage properties. Wells Fargo Bank and certain of its affiliates also originate other commercial and multifamily mortgage loans that are not securitized, including subordinated and mezzanine loans.

 

In addition to commercial and multifamily mortgage loans, Wells Fargo Bank and its affiliates have originated and securitized residential mortgage loans, auto loans, home equity loans, credit card receivables and student loans. Wells Fargo Bank and its affiliates have also served as sponsors, issuers, master servicer, servicers, certificate administrators, custodians and trustees in a wide array of securitization transactions.

 

Wells Fargo Bank’s Commercial Mortgage Loan Underwriting

 

General. Wells Fargo Bank’s commercial real estate finance group has the authority, with the approval from the appropriate credit authority, to originate fixed-rate, first lien commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community mortgage loans for securitization. Wells Fargo Bank’s commercial real estate finance operation is staffed by real estate professionals. Wells Fargo Bank’s loan underwriting group is an integral component of the commercial real estate finance group which also includes groups responsible for loan origination and closing mortgage loans.

 

Upon receipt of an executed loan application, Wells Fargo Bank’s loan underwriters commence a review of the borrower’s financial condition and creditworthiness and the real property which will secure the loan.

 

Notwithstanding the discussion below, given the unique nature of income-producing real properties, the underwriting and origination procedures and the credit analysis with respect to any particular multifamily or commercial mortgage loan may differ significantly from one asset to another, and will be driven by circumstances particular to that property, including, among others, its type, current use, physical quality, size, environmental condition, location, market conditions, capital reserve requirements and additional collateral, tenants and leases, borrower identity, borrower sponsorship and/or performance history, and

 

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certain other factors. Consequently, we cannot assure you that the underwriting of any particular multifamily or commercial mortgage loan will conform to each of the general procedures described in this “—Wells Fargo Bank’s Commercial Mortgage Loan Underwriting” section. For important information about the circumstances that have affected the underwriting of the mortgage loans in the mortgage pool, see the “Risk Factors” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines” sections of this prospectus and the other subsections of this “Transaction Parties” section.

 

If a mortgage loan exhibits any one of the following credit positive characteristics, variances from general underwriting/origination procedures described below may be considered acceptable under the circumstances indicated: (i) low loan-to-value ratio; (ii) high debt service coverage ratio; (iii) experienced sponsor(s)/guarantor(s) with financial wherewithal; and (iv) elements of recourse included in the loan.

 

Loan Analysis. Generally, Wells Fargo Bank performs both a credit analysis and collateral analysis with respect to a loan applicant and the real estate that will secure the loan. In general, credit analysis of the borrower and the real estate includes a review of historical financial statements (or, in the case of acquisitions, often only current financial statements), rent rolls, certain leases, third-party credit reports, judgments, liens, bankruptcy and pending litigation searches and, if applicable, the loan payment history of the borrower. Wells Fargo Bank typically performs a qualitative analysis which incorporates independent credit checks and published debt and equity information with respect to certain principals of the borrower as well as the borrower itself. Borrowers are generally required to be single-purpose entities. The collateral analysis typically includes an analysis of the following, to the extent available and applicable based on property type: historical property operating statements, rent rolls, operating budgets, a projection of future performance, and a review of certain tenant leases. Depending on the type of collateral property and other factors, the credit of key tenants may also be reviewed. Each mortgaged property is generally inspected by a Wells Fargo Bank underwriter or qualified designee. Wells Fargo Bank generally requires third-party appraisals, as well as environmental and property condition reports and, if determined by Wells Fargo Bank to be applicable, seismic reports. Each report is reviewed for acceptability by a staff member of Wells Fargo Bank or a third-party consultant. Generally, the results of these reviews are incorporated into the underwriting report. In some instances, one or more of the procedures may be waived or modified by Wells Fargo Bank if it is determined not to adversely affect the mortgage loans originated by it in any material respect.

 

Loan Approval. Prior to loan closing, all mortgage loans to be originated by Wells Fargo Bank must be approved by one or more officers of Wells Fargo Bank (depending on loan size), who may approve a mortgage loan as recommended, request additional due diligence, modify the loan terms or decline a loan transaction.

 

Debt Service Coverage Ratios and Loan-to-Value Ratios. Generally, the debt service coverage ratios for Wells Fargo Bank mortgage loans will be equal to or greater than 1.20x; provided, however, that variances may be made when consideration is given to circumstances particular to the mortgage loan, the related mortgaged property, loan-to-value ratio, reserves or other factors. For example, Wells Fargo Bank may originate a mortgage loan with a debt service coverage ratio below 1.20x based on, among other things, the amortization features of the mortgage loan (for example, if the mortgage loan provides for relatively rapid amortization), the type of tenants and leases at the mortgaged property, the taking of additional collateral such as reserves, letters of credit and/or guarantees, Wells Fargo Bank’s judgment of improved property and/or market performance in the future and/or other relevant factors.

 

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Generally, the loan-to-value ratio for Wells Fargo Bank mortgage loans will be equal to or less than 80%; provided, however, that variances may be made when consideration is given to circumstances particular to the mortgage loan, the related mortgaged property, debt service coverage, reserves or other factors. For example, Wells Fargo Bank may originate a mortgage loan with a loan-to-value ratio above 80% based on, among other things, the amortization features of the mortgage loan (for example, if the mortgage loan provides for relatively rapid amortization), the type of tenants and leases at the related mortgaged property, the taking of additional collateral such as reserves, letters of credit and/or guarantees, Wells Fargo Bank’s judgment of improved property and/or performance in the future and/or other relevant factors.

 

While the foregoing discussion generally reflects how calculations of debt service coverage ratios are made, it does not necessarily reflect the specific calculations made to determine the debt service coverage ratio disclosed in this prospectus with respect to the mortgage loans to be sold to the depositor by Wells Fargo Bank for deposit into the trust fund (the “Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans“).

 

Additional Debt. When underwriting a multifamily or commercial mortgage loan, Wells Fargo Bank will take into account whether the mortgaged property and/or direct or indirect interest in a related borrower are encumbered by additional debt and will analyze the likely effect of that additional debt on repayment of the subject mortgage loan. It is possible that Wells Fargo Bank or an affiliate will be the lender on that additional debt, and may either sell such debt to an unaffiliated third party or hold it in inventory.

 

The combined debt service coverage ratios and loan-to-value ratios of a mortgage loan and the related additional debt may be significantly below 1.20x and significantly above 80%, notwithstanding that the mortgage loan by itself may satisfy such guidelines.

 

Assessments of Property Condition. As part of the underwriting process, Wells Fargo Bank will analyze the condition of the real property collateral for a prospective multifamily or commercial mortgage loan. To aid in that analysis, Wells Fargo Bank will typically inspect or retain a third party to inspect the property and will in most cases obtain the property assessments and reports described below.

 

Appraisals. Wells Fargo Bank will, in most cases, require that the real property collateral for a prospective multifamily or commercial mortgage loan be appraised by a state-certified appraiser, an appraiser belonging to the “Appraisal Institute“, a membership association of professional real estate appraisers, or an otherwise qualified appraiser. In addition, Wells Fargo Bank will generally require that those appraisals be conducted in accordance with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practices developed by The Appraisal Foundation, a not-for-profit organization established by the appraisal profession. Furthermore, the appraisal report will usually include or be accompanied by a separate letter that includes a statement by the appraiser that the guidelines in Title XI of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 were followed in preparing the appraisal. In some cases, however, Wells Fargo Bank may establish the value of the subject real property collateral based on a cash flow analysis, a recent sales price or another method or benchmark of valuation.

 

Environmental Assessments. Wells Fargo Bank will, in most cases, require a Phase I environmental assessment with respect to the real property collateral for a prospective multifamily or commercial mortgage loan. However, when circumstances warrant, Wells Fargo Bank may utilize an update of a prior environmental assessment, a transaction screen or a desktop review. Alternatively, Wells Fargo Bank might forego an environmental assessment in limited circumstances, such as when it has obtained the benefits of an

 

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environmental insurance policy or an environmental guarantee. Furthermore, an environmental assessment conducted at any particular real property collateral will not necessarily cover all potential environmental issues. For example, an analysis for radon, lead-based paint and lead in drinking water will usually be conducted only at multifamily rental properties and only when Wells Fargo Bank or the environmental consultant believes that special circumstances warrant such an analysis.

 

Depending on the findings of the initial environmental assessment, Wells Fargo Bank may require additional record searches or environmental testing, such as a Phase II environmental assessment with respect to the real property collateral.

 

Engineering Assessments. In connection with the origination process, Wells Fargo Bank may require that an engineering firm inspect the real property collateral for any prospective multifamily or commercial mortgage loan to assess the structure, exterior walls, roofing, interior structure and/or mechanical and electrical systems. Based on the resulting report, Wells Fargo Bank will determine the appropriate response, if any, to any recommended repairs, corrections or replacements and any identified deferred maintenance.

 

Seismic Report. In general, prospective borrowers seeking loans secured by properties located in California or in seismic zones 3 or 4 obtain a seismic engineering report of the building and, based thereon and on certain statistical information, an estimate of damage based on the percentage of the replacement cost of the building in an earthquake scenario. This percentage of the replacement cost is expressed in terms of probable maximum loss (“PML“), probable loss (“PL“), or scenario expected loss (“SEL“). Generally, any of the mortgage loans as to which the property was estimated to have PML, PL or SEL in excess of 20% of the estimated replacement cost, would either be subject to a lower loan-to-value ratio limit at origination, be conditioned on seismic upgrading (or appropriate reserves or letter of credit for retrofitting), be conditioned on satisfactory earthquake insurance, or be structured with a degree of recourse to a guarantor.

 

Zoning and Building Code Compliance. In connection with the origination of a multifamily or commercial mortgage loan, Wells Fargo Bank will generally consider whether the use and occupancy of the related real property collateral is in material compliance with zoning, land-use, building rules, regulations and orders then applicable to that property. Evidence of this compliance may be in the form of one or more of the following: legal opinions; surveys; recorded documents; temporary or permanent certificates of occupancy; letters from government officials or agencies, including applicable land use and zoning regulations; title insurance endorsements; engineering or consulting reports; and/or representations by the related borrower.

 

Where a mortgaged property as currently operated is a permitted nonconforming use and/or the structure and the improvements may not be rebuilt to the same dimensions or used in the same manner in the event of a major casualty, Wells Fargo Bank will consider whether—

 

any major casualty that would prevent rebuilding has a sufficiently remote likelihood of occurring;

 

casualty insurance proceeds together with the value of any additional collateral would be available in an amount estimated by Wells Fargo Bank to be sufficient to pay off the related mortgage loan in full;

 

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the real property collateral, if permitted to be repaired or restored in conformity with current law, would in Wells Fargo Bank’s judgment constitute adequate security for the related mortgage loan;

 

whether a variance or other similar change in applicable zoning restrictions is potentially available, or whether the applicable governing entity is likely to enforce the related limitations; and/or

 

to require the related borrower to obtain law and ordinance insurance and/or alternative mitigant is in place.

 

Escrow Requirements. Generally, Wells Fargo Bank requires most borrowers to fund various escrows for taxes and insurance, capital expenses and replacement reserves. Generally, the required escrows for mortgage loans originated by Wells Fargo Bank are as follows:

 

Taxes—Typically, an initial deposit and monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12th of the annual property taxes (based on the most recent property assessment and the current millage rate) are required to provide Wells Fargo Bank with sufficient funds to satisfy all taxes and assessments. Tax escrows may not be required if a property is a single tenant property and the tenant is required to pay taxes directly. Wells Fargo Bank may waive this escrow requirement under certain circumstances.

 

Insurance—If the property is insured under an individual policy (i.e., the property is not covered by a blanket policy), typically an initial deposit and monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12th of the annual property insurance premium are required to provide Wells Fargo Bank with sufficient funds to pay all insurance premiums. Insurance escrows may not be required if (i) the borrower maintains a blanket insurance policy, or (ii) the property is a single tenant property (which may include ground leased tenants) and the tenant is required to maintain property insurance. Wells Fargo Bank may waive this escrow requirement under certain circumstances.

 

Replacement Reserves—Replacement reserves are generally calculated in accordance with the expected useful life of the components of the property during the term of the mortgage loan. Annual replacement reserves are generally underwritten to the suggested replacement reserve amount from an independent, third-party property condition or engineering report, or to certain minimum requirements by property type. Replacement reserves may not be required if the related mortgaged property is a single tenant property and the related tenant is responsible for all repairs and maintenance, including those required with respect to the roof and improvement structure. Wells Fargo Bank may waive this escrow requirement under certain circumstances.

 

Completion Repair/Environmental Remediation—Typically, a completion repair or remediation reserve is required where an environmental or engineering report suggests that such reserve is necessary. Upon funding of the related mortgage loan, Wells Fargo Bank generally requires that at least 115%-125% of the estimated costs of repairs or replacements be reserved and generally requires that repairs or replacements be completed within a year after the funding of the related mortgage loan. Wells Fargo Bank may waive this escrow requirement or adjust the timing to complete repairs under certain circumstances.

 

Tenant Improvement/Lease Commissions—In most cases, various tenants have lease expirations within the mortgage loan term. To mitigate this risk, special reserves

 

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may be required to be funded either at closing of the mortgage loan and/or during the related mortgage loan term to cover certain anticipated leasing commissions or tenant improvement costs which might be associated with re-leasing the space occupied by such tenants. Tenant Improvement/Lease Commissions may not be required for single tenant properties with leases that extend beyond the loan term or where rent at the mortgaged property is considered below market. Wells Fargo Bank may waive this escrow requirement under certain circumstances.

 

Furthermore, Wells Fargo Bank may accept an alternative to a cash escrow or reserve from a borrower, such as a letter of credit or a guarantee from the borrower or an affiliate of the borrower or periodic evidence that the items for which the escrow or reserve would have been established are being addressed. In some cases, Wells Fargo Bank may determine that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted in the event of the existence of one or more of the credit positive characteristics discussed above, or given the amounts that would be involved and Wells Fargo Bank’s evaluation of the ability of the mortgaged property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the subject expense or cost absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

Co-Originated or Third Party-Originated Mortgage Loans. From time to time, Wells Fargo Bank originates mortgage loans together with other financial institutions. The resulting mortgage loans are evidenced by two or more promissory notes, at least one of which will reflect Wells Fargo Bank as the payee. Wells Fargo Bank has in the past and may in the future deposit such promissory notes for which it is named as payee with one or more securitization trusts, while its co-originators have in the past and may in the future deposit such promissory notes for which they are named payee into other securitization trusts. No Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan to be included in the trust fund has been co-originated as described in this paragraph. From time to time, Wells Fargo Bank acquires mortgage loans originated by third parties and deposits such mortgage loans into securitization trusts. None of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans included in this securitization was originated by a third party.

 

Exceptions. One or more of Wells Fargo Bank’s Mortgage Loans may vary from the specific Wells Fargo Bank’s underwriting guidelines described above when additional credit positive characteristics are present as discussed above. In addition, in the case of one or more of Wells Fargo Bank’s Mortgage Loans, Wells Fargo Bank or another originator may not have applied each of the specific underwriting guidelines described above as the result of case-by-case permitted flexibility based upon other compensating factors. For any material exceptions to Wells Fargo Bank’s underwriting guidelines described above in respect of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines” in this prospectus.

 

Review of Mortgage Loans for Which Wells Fargo Bank is the Sponsor

 

Overview. Wells Fargo Bank, in its capacity as the sponsor of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans, has conducted a review of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans it is selling to the depositor designed and effected to provide reasonable assurance that the disclosure related to the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans is accurate in all material respects. Wells Fargo Bank determined the nature, extent and timing of the review and the level of assistance provided by any third parties. The review of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans was performed by a deal team comprised of real estate and securitization professionals who are employees of Wells Fargo Bank (collectively, the “Wells Fargo Bank Deal Team“) with the assistance of certain third parties. Wells Fargo Bank has ultimate authority and control over, and assumes all responsibility for and attributes to itself, the review of the Mortgage Loans that it is selling to the depositor and the review’s findings and

 

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conclusions. The review procedures described below were employed with respect to all of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans (rather than relying on sampling procedures), except that certain review procedures were solely relevant to the large loan disclosures in this prospectus, as further described below.

 

Database. To prepare for securitization, members of the Wells Fargo Bank Deal Team created a database of loan-level and property-level information relating to each Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan. The database was compiled from, among other sources, the related mortgage loan documents, third-party reports (appraisals, environmental site assessments, property condition reports, zoning reports and applicable seismic studies), insurance policies, borrower-supplied information (including, to the extent available, rent rolls, leases, operating statements and budgets) and information collected by Wells Fargo Bank during the underwriting process. Prior to securitization of each Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan, the Wells Fargo Bank Deal Team may have updated the information in the database with respect to such Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan based on current information provided by the related servicer relating to loan payment status and escrows, updated operating statements, rent rolls and leasing activity, and information otherwise brought to the attention of the Wells Fargo Bank Deal Team. Such updates were not intended to be, and do not serve as, a re-underwriting of any Mortgage Loan.

 

A data tape (the “Wells Fargo Bank Data Tape“) containing detailed information regarding each Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan was created from the information in the database referred to in the prior paragraph. The Wells Fargo Bank Data Tape was used by the Wells Fargo Bank Deal Team to provide the numerical information regarding the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans in this prospectus.

 

Data Comparisons and Recalculation. The depositor, on behalf of Wells Fargo Bank, engaged a third-party accounting firm to perform certain data comparison and recalculation procedures which were designed or provided by Wells Fargo Bank relating to information in this prospectus regarding the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans. These procedures included:

 

comparing the information in the Wells Fargo Bank Data Tape against various source documents provided by Wells Fargo Bank;

 

comparing numerical information regarding the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans and the related Mortgaged Properties disclosed in this prospectus against the information contained in the Wells Fargo Bank Data Tape; and

 

recalculating certain percentages, ratios and other formulae relating to the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans disclosed in this prospectus.

 

Legal Review. In anticipation of the securitization of each Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan, mortgage loan seller counsel promulgated a form of legal summary to be completed by origination counsel that, among other things, set forth certain material terms and property diligence information, and elicited information concerning potentially outlying attributes of the mortgage loan as well as any related mitigating considerations. Mortgage loan seller’s counsel reviewed the legal summaries for each Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan, together with pertinent parts of the Mortgage Loan documentation and property diligence materials, in connection with preparing or corroborating the accuracy of certain loan disclosure in this prospectus. In addition, mortgage loan seller’s counsel reviewed Wells Fargo Bank’s representations and warranties set forth on Annex D-1 and, if applicable, identified exceptions to those representations and warranties.

 

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Securitization counsel was also engaged to assist in the review of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans. Such assistance included, among other things, a review of a due diligence questionnaire completed by the Wells Fargo Bank Deal Team. Securitization counsel also reviewed the property release provisions, if any, for each Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan with multiple Mortgaged Properties for compliance with the REMIC provisions.

 

Mortgage loan seller’s counsel or securitization counsel also assisted in the preparation of the mortgage loan summaries set forth in Annex A-3, based on their respective reviews of pertinent sections of the related mortgage loan documents and other loan information.

 

Other Review Procedures. Prior to securitization, Wells Fargo Bank confirmed with the related servicers for the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans that, to the best of such servicers’ knowledge and except as previously identified, material events concerning the related Mortgage Loan, the Mortgaged Property and the borrower and guarantor had not occurred since origination, including, but not limited to, (i) loan modifications or assumptions, or releases of the related borrower or Mortgaged Property; (ii) damage to the Mortgaged Property that materially and adversely affects its value as security for the Mortgage Loan; (iii) pending condemnation actions; (iv) litigation, regulatory or other proceedings against the Mortgaged Property, borrower or guarantor, or notice of non-compliance with environmental laws; (v) bankruptcies involving any borrower or guarantor, or any tenant occupying a single tenant property; and (vi) any existing or incipient material defaults.

 

The Wells Fargo Bank Deal Team also consulted with Wells Fargo Bank personnel responsible for the origination of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans to confirm that the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans were originated in compliance with the origination and underwriting criteria described above under “—Wells Fargo Bank’s Commercial Mortgage Loan Underwriting,” as well as to identify any material deviations from those origination and underwriting criteria. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines” in this prospectus.

 

Findings and Conclusions. Wells Fargo Bank found and concluded with reasonable assurance that the disclosure regarding the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans in this prospectus is accurate in all material respects. Wells Fargo Bank also found and concluded with reasonable assurance that the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans were originated in accordance with Wells Fargo Bank’s origination procedures and underwriting criteria, except as described above under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines”.

 

Review Procedures in the Event of a Mortgage Loan Substitution. Wells Fargo Bank will perform a review of any Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan that it elects to substitute for a Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan in the pool in connection with a material breach of a representation or warranty or a material document defect. Wells Fargo Bank, and if appropriate its legal counsel, will review the mortgage loan documents and servicing history of the substitute mortgage loan to confirm it meets each of the criteria required under the terms of the related mortgage loan purchase agreement and the related pooling and servicing agreement (the “Qualification Criteria“). Wells Fargo Bank may engage a third party accounting firm to compare the Qualification Criteria against the underlying source documentation to verify the accuracy of the review by Wells Fargo Bank and to confirm any numerical and/or statistical information to be disclosed in any required filings under the Exchange Act. Legal counsel will also be engaged by Wells Fargo Bank to render any tax opinion required in connection with the substitution.

 

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Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act

 

The transaction documents for certain prior transactions in which Wells Fargo Bank securitized commercial mortgage loans or participation interests (“CRE Loans“) contain covenants requiring the repurchase or replacement of an underlying CRE Loan for the breach of a related representation or warranty under various circumstances if the breach is not cured. The following table provides information regarding the demand, repurchase and replacement activity with respect to the mortgage loans securitized by Wells Fargo Bank (or a predecessor), which activity occurred during the period from October 1, 2015 to September 30, 2018 (the “Rule 15Ga-1 Reporting Period“) or is still outstanding.

 

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Name of Issuing Entity(1) Check if Registered Name of Originator Total Assets in ABS by Originator(2)(3) Assets That Were Subject of Demand(3)(4) Assets That Were Repurchased or Replaced(3)(4)(5) Assets Pending Repurchase or Replacement (within cure period)(4)(6)(7) Demand in Dispute(4)(6)(8) Demand Withdrawn(4)(6)(9) Demand Rejected(4)(6)
      # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance
  (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) (s) (t) (u) (v) (w) (x)
Asset Class Commercial Mortgages(1)                                              
Wachovia Commercial
Mortgage Securities, Inc.,
Commercial Mortgage Pass-
Through Certificates Series
2006-C28
X Wachovia Bank, National Association 113 2,502,246,884.83 69.60 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
CIK #: 0001376448   Nomura Credit & Capital, Inc. 44 823,722,922.57 22.91 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
    Artesia Mortgage Capital Corporation(10) 50 269,226,893.21 7.49 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1 13,687,005.00 16.35 0 0.00 0.00
                                               
Issuing Entity Subtotal     207 3,595,196,700.61 100.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1 13,687,005.00 16.35 0 0.00 0.00
                                               
                                               
Wachovia Commercial
Mortgage Securities, Inc.,
Commercial Mortgage Pass-
Through Certificates Series
2006-C33
X Wachovia Bank, National Association 88 2,043,814,381.00 56.74 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1 86,311,631.00 21.07
CIK #: 0001406873   Barclays Capital Real Estate Inc. 33 724,003,952.00 20.10 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
    Nomura Credit & Capital, Inc. 17 639,286,752.00 17.75 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
    Artesia Mortgage Capital Corporation 28 195,018,502.00 5.41 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
                                               
Issuing Entity Subtotal     166 3,602,123,586.00 100.00 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1 86,311,631.00 21.07
                                               
                                               
Wells Fargo Commercial
Mortgage Securities, Inc.,
Commercial Mortgage Pass-
Through Certificates, Series
2015-NXS2
X Natixis Real Estate Capital LLC(11) 39 503,900,454.00 55.11 1 23,000,000.00 2.52 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1 22,945,069.00 2.56 0 0.00 0.00
CIK #: 0001643873   Wells Fargo Bank, National Association 14 293,066,224.00 32.05 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
    Silverpeak Real Estate Finance LLC 10 117,394,863.00 12.84 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
                                               
Issuing Entity Subtotal     63   100.00 1 23,000,000.00 2.52 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1 22,945,069.00 2.56 0 0.00 0.00
                                               
                                               
WFBRS Commercial Mortgage
Trust 2014-C22,
Commercial Mortgage Pass-
Through Certificates, Series
2014-C22
  Wells Fargo Bank, National Association 34 660,152,359.00 44.38 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
CIK #: 1616666   The Royal Bank of Scotland 18 311,373,307.00 20.93 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
    Rialto Mortgage Finance, LLC 21 158,381,467.00 10.65 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
    Prudential Mortgage Capital Company, LLC 9 109,719,609.00 7.38 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
    NCB, FSB 20 67,614,088.00 4.55 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
    C-III Commercial Mortgage LLC 17 63,291,423.00 4.25 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
    Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC(12) 6 58,594,540.00 3.94 1 15,371,874.00 1.06 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1 15,348,545.00 1.06 0 0.00 0.00 1 15,348,545.00 1.06
    Walker & Dunlop Commercial Property Funding I WF, LLC 4 58,473,000.00 3.93 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00
                                               
Issuing Entity Subtotal     73 1,487,599,794.00 100.00 1 15,371,874.00 1.06 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1 15,348,545.00 1.06 0 0.00 0.00 1 15,348,545.00 1.06
                                               
                                               
Commercial Mortgages Asset
Class Total
    628 9,599,281,621.61   2 38,371,874.00   0 0.00   0 0.00   1 15,348,545.00   2 36,632,074.00   2 101,660,176.00  

 

 

(1)In connection with the preparation of this table, Wells Fargo Bank undertook the following steps to gather the information required by Rule 15Ga-1 (“Rule 15Ga-1”) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”): (i) identifying all asset-backed securities transactions in which Wells Fargo Bank (or a predecessor) acted as a securitizer, (ii) performing a diligent search of the records of Wells Fargo Bank and the records of affiliates of Wells Fargo Bank that acted as securitizers in transactions of commercial mortgage loans for all relevant information, (iii) reviewing appropriate documentation from all relevant transactions to determine the parties responsible for enforcing representations and warranties, and any other parties who might have received repurchase requests (such parties, “Demand Entities”), and (iv) making written request of each Demand Entity to provide any information in its possession regarding requests or demands to repurchase any loans for breach of a representation or warranty with respect to any relevant transaction. In this effort, Wells Fargo Bank made written requests of all trustees and unaffiliated co-sponsors of applicable commercial mortgage-backed securities transactions. Wells Fargo Bank followed up written requests made of Demand Entities as it deemed appropriate.

 

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The repurchase activity reported herein is described in terms of a particular loan’s status as of the last day of the Rule 15Ga-1 Reporting Period. (For columns j-x)

 

(2)“Originator” generally refers to the party identified in securities offering materials at the time of issuance for purposes of meeting applicable SEC disclosure requirements. (For columns d-f)

 

(3)Reflects the number of loans, outstanding principal balance and percentage of principal balance as of the date of the closing of the related securitization. (For columns d–l)

 

(4)Includes only new demands received during the Rule 15Ga-1 Reporting Period. (For columns g-i)

 

In the event demands were received prior to the Rule 15Ga-1 Reporting Period, but activity occurred with respect to one or more loans during the Rule 15Ga-1 Reporting Period, such activity is being reported as assets pending repurchase or replacement within the cure period (columns m/n/o) or as demands in dispute (columns p/q/r), as applicable, until the earlier of the reporting of (i) the repurchase or replacement of such asset (columns j/k/l), (ii) the withdrawal of such demand (columns s/t/u), or (iii) the rejection of such demand (columns v/w/x), as applicable.

 

(5)Includes assets for which a reimbursement payment is in process and where the asset has been otherwise liquidated by or on behalf of the issuing entity at the time of initiation of such reimbursement process. Where an underlying asset has paid off or otherwise been liquidated by or on behalf of the issuing entity (other than via a repurchase by the obligated party) during the Rule 15Ga-1 Reporting Period, the corresponding principal balance utilized in calculating columns (g) through (x) will be zero. (For columns j-l)

 

(6)Reflects the number of loans, outstanding principal balance and percentage of principal balance as of the last day of the Rule 15Ga-1 Reporting Period. (For columns m-x)

 

(7)Includes assets that are subject to a demand and within the cure period. (For columns m-o)

 

(8)Includes assets pending repurchase or replacement outside of the cure period. (For columns p-r)

 

(9)Includes assets for which a reimbursement payment is in process, and where the asset has not been repurchased or replaced and remains in the transaction. Also includes assets for which the requesting party rescinds or retracts the demand in writing. (For columns s-u)

 

(10)U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee for Registered Holders of Wachovia Bank Commercial Mortgage Trust, Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2006-C28 (“U.S. Bank”) v. Dexia Real Estate Capital Markets (“Dexia”), Case No. 12 Civ 9412, filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. U.S. Bank filed its complaint against Dexia (on December 27, 2012) arguing that Dexia had breached the terms of the related mortgage loan purchase agreement in light of the determination in a Minnesota enforcement action against the guarantors of Loan #58 Marketplace Retail and Office Center (“Loan #58”) that the form of the guaranty sold to U.S. Bank pursuant to the mortgage loan purchase agreement had not been signed by the guarantors. U.S. Bank, in its complaint, seeks a judgment requiring Dexia to repurchase Loan #58 for approximately $16.5 million. Dexia filed a Notice of Motion to Dismiss and a Memorandum in Support of its Motion to Dismiss on January 25, 2013. Judge Shira A. Scheindlin entered an order denying Dexia’s motion on June 6, 2013. After completion of discovery, U.S. Bank and Dexia filed cross-motions for summary judgment, and on July 9, 2014 Judge Scheindlin entered an Opinion and Order granting the summary judgment motion of U.S. Bank and denying the summary judgment motion of Dexia. On September 12, 2014, the Court entered its judgment directing that Dexia repurchase Loan #58 for $19,627,961.66. On March 16, 2016, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed, and ordered that judgment be entered in Dexia’s favor. On April 11, 2016, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York entered judgment for Dexia and against U.S. Bank on U.S. Bank’s claims in the case. Because U.S. Bank did not appeal the District Court’s decision within the required 90-day period, this demand has been classified as “withdrawn”.

 

(11)Rialto Capital Advisors, LLC, as special servicer for Loan #8 88 Hamilton Avenue (in such capacity, the “NXS2 Special Servicer”), claimed in a letter dated March 16, 2016, that NREC breached the representations and warranties made in the related mortgage loan purchase agreement due to the existence of a prior $4,000,000 mortgage on the related mortgaged property. On March 31, 2016, NREC rejected the claim for breach of representation or warranty and noted that a title insurance policy was obtained from Chicago Title Insurance Company, which insures the first lien status of such loan. The NXS2 Special Servicer withdrew its repurchase demand on August 15, 2017.

 

(12)CWCapital Asset Management LLC, as special servicer for Loan No. 22, Alpha Health Center, claimed in a letter dated December 19, 2017, that Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC (“Basis”) breached the representations and warranties made in the related mortgage loan purchase agreement due to the existence of a lawsuit that was filed against the sponsor of 300 E. Pulaski, LLC (the “Borrower”). On February 7, 2018, Basis rejected the claim for breach of representation or warranty for several reasons including (i) the lawsuit was filed after Basis had already conducted its due diligence on the Borrower and the sponsor of the Borrower and (ii) the lawsuit in question was served on the sponsor of the Borrower after Basis had originated the Alpha Health Center Loan. Basis has requested that the special servicer rescind its repurchase demand.

 

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The information for Wells Fargo Bank as a securitizer of CRE Loans required to be set forth in a Form ABS-15G for the quarterly reporting period from July 1, 2018 through September 30, 2018 was set forth in (i) a Form ABS-15G filed by Wells Fargo Bank with the SEC on November 13, 2018, if such information relates to asset-backed securities in the CRE Loan asset class in which Wells Fargo Bank (or a predecessor) was a sponsor but Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. (or a predecessor) was not the depositor, and (ii) a Form ABS-15G filed by Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. with the SEC on November 13, 2018, if such information relates to asset-backed securities in the CRE Loan asset class in which Wells Fargo Bank (or a predecessor) was a sponsor and Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. (or a predecessor) was the depositor. Such Forms ABS-15G are available electronically through the SEC’s EDGAR system. The Central Index Key number of Wells Fargo Bank is 0000740906. The Central Index Key number of Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc. is 0000850779.

 

Retained Interests in This Securitization

 

Neither Wells Fargo Bank nor any of its affiliates intends to retain on the Closing Date any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization. However, Wells Fargo Bank or its affiliates may retain or own in the future certain classes of certificates. Any such party will have the right to dispose of any such certificates at any time.

 

The information set forth under “—Wells Fargo Bank, National Association” has been provided by Wells Fargo Bank.

 

Barclays Bank PLC

 

General

 

Barclays Bank PLC, a public limited company registered in England and Wales under number 1026167 (“Barclays“), a sponsor and a mortgage loan seller, is an affiliate of Barclays Capital Inc., one of the underwriters. The principal offices of Barclays in the United States are located at 745 Seventh Avenue, New York, New York 10019, telephone number (212) 412-4000.

 

Barclays’ Securitization Program

 

As a sponsor, Barclays originates or acquires mortgage loans and initiates a securitization transaction by selecting the portfolio of mortgage loans to be securitized and transferring those mortgage loans to a securitization depositor who in turn transfers those mortgage loans to the issuing entity. In selecting a portfolio to be securitized, consideration is given to geographic concentration, property type concentration and rating agency models and criteria. Barclays’ role also includes leading and participating in the selection of third-party service providers such as the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee and the certificate administrator, and engaging the rating agencies. In coordination with the underwriters for the related offering, Barclays works with rating agencies, investors, mortgage loan sellers and servicers in structuring the securitization transaction.

 

Barclays has been engaged in commercial mortgage loan securitization in the United States since 2004. The vast majority of commercial mortgage loans originated by Barclays are intended to be either sold through securitization transactions in which Barclays acts as a sponsor or sold to third parties in individual loan sale transactions. The following is a general description of the types of commercial mortgage loans that Barclays originates for securitization:

 

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Fixed rate mortgage loans generally having maturities between five and ten years and secured by commercial real estate such as office, retail, hospitality, multifamily, manufactured housing, healthcare, self storage and industrial properties. These loans are primarily originated for the purpose of securitization.

 

Floating rate loans generally having shorter maturities and secured by stabilized and non-stabilized commercial real estate properties. These loans are primarily originated for securitization, though in certain cases only a senior interest in the loan is intended to be securitized.

 

Subordinate mortgage loans and mezzanine loans. These loans are generally not originated for securitization and are sold in individual loan sale transactions.

 

In general, Barclays does not hold the loans it originates until maturity.

 

Neither Barclays nor any of its affiliates act as servicer of the commercial mortgage loans in its securitization transactions. Instead, Barclays contracts with other entities to service the mortgage loans in the securitization transactions.

 

Barclays’ affiliates commenced selling commercial mortgage loans into U.S. securitizations in 2004. During the period commencing in 2004 and ending on November 15, 2018, Barclays’ affiliates were the loan sellers in approximately 105 commercial mortgage-backed securitization transactions. Approximately $32.3 billion of the mortgage loans included in those transactions were originated or acquired by Barclays.

 

The following table sets forth information with respect to originations and securitizations of fixed rate and floating rate commercial and multifamily mortgage loans by Barclays affiliates for the years ending on December 31, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and through November 15, 2018.

 

Fixed and Floating Rate Commercial Loans

 

Year 

 

Aggregate Principal Balance of Fixed and Floating Rate Loans Securitized in CMBS by Barclays and Affiliates (as loan seller) (approximate) 

2018   $ 3,475,712,400  
2017   $ 4,971,606,254  
2016   $ 3,031,242,500  
2015   $ 5,276,099,519  
2014   $ 3,351,106,750  
2013   $ 2,723,393,594  
2012   $ 2,056,096,250  
2011   $ 0  
2010   $ 0  
2009   $ 0  
2008   $ 196,399,012  
2007   $ 2,470,879,020  

 

Review of Barclays Mortgage Loans

 

Overview. Barclays has conducted a review of the mortgage loans for which Barclays is a sponsor in this securitization (the “Barclays Mortgage Loans“) in connection with the

 

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securitization described in this prospectus. The review of the Barclays Mortgage Loans was performed by a team comprised of real estate and securitization professionals at Barclays’ offices (the “Barclays Review Team“). The review procedures described below were employed with respect to all of the Barclays Mortgage Loans. No sampling procedures were used in the review process.

 

Database. To prepare for securitization, members of the Barclays Review Team created a database of loan-level and property-level information relating to each Barclays Mortgage Loan. The database was compiled from, among other sources, the related loan documents, appraisals, environmental assessment reports, property condition reports, seismic studies, zoning reports, insurance review summaries, borrower-supplied information (including, but not limited to, rent rolls, leases, operating statements and budgets) and information collected by the Barclays Review Team during the underwriting process. After origination of each Barclays Mortgage Loan, the Barclays Review Team updated the information in the database with respect to such Barclays Mortgage Loan based on updates provided by the related servicer relating to loan payment status and escrows, updated operating statements, rent rolls and leasing activity, and information otherwise brought to the attention of the Barclays Review Team.

 

A data tape (the “Barclays Data Tape“) containing detailed information regarding each Barclays Mortgage Loan was created from the information in the database referred to in the prior paragraph. The Barclays Data Tape was used to provide the numerical information regarding the Barclays Mortgage Loans in this prospectus.

 

Data Comparison and Recalculation. The depositor, on behalf of Barclays, engaged a third party accounting firm to perform certain data comparison and recalculation procedures, the nature, extent and timing of which were designed by Barclays, relating to information in this prospectus regarding the Barclays Mortgage Loans. These procedures included:

 

comparing the information in the Barclays Data Tape against various source documents provided by Barclays that are described above under “—Database”;

 

comparing numerical information regarding the Barclays Mortgage Loans and the related Mortgaged Properties disclosed in this prospectus against the Barclays Data Tape; and

 

recalculating certain percentages, ratios and other formulae relating to the Barclays Mortgage Loans disclosed in this prospectus.

 

Legal Review. Barclays and the other originators of the Barclays Mortgage Loans engaged various law firms to conduct certain legal reviews of the Barclays Mortgage Loans for disclosure in this prospectus. In anticipation of the securitization of each Barclays Mortgage Loan, Barclays’ and the other originators’ origination counsel reviewed a form of securitization representations and warranties at origination and, if applicable, identified exceptions to those representations and warranties. Barclays’ and the other originators’ origination and underwriting staff also performed a review of the representations and warranties.

 

Legal counsel was also engaged in connection with this securitization to assist in the review of the Barclays Mortgage Loans. Such assistance included, among other things, (i) a review of Barclays’ asset summary reports for each Barclays Mortgage Loan, (ii) a review of the representations and warranties and exception reports referred to above relating to the

 

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Barclays Mortgage Loans prepared by origination counsel, (iii) the review and assistance in the completion by the Barclays Review Team of a due diligence questionnaire relating to the Barclays Mortgage Loans and (iv) the review of certain loan documents with respect to the Barclays Mortgage Loans.

 

Other Review Procedures. With respect to any material pending litigation of which Barclays was aware at the origination of any Barclays Mortgage Loan, Barclays requested updates from the related borrower, origination counsel and/or borrower’s litigation counsel.

 

The Barclays Review Team, with the assistance of counsel engaged in connection with this securitization, also reviewed the Barclays Mortgage Loans to determine whether any Barclays Mortgage Loan materially deviated from the underwriting guidelines set forth under “—Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Processes—Exceptions” below.

 

Findings and Conclusions. Based on the foregoing review procedures, Barclays determined that the disclosure regarding the Barclays Mortgage Loans in this prospectus is accurate in all material respects. Barclays also determined that the Barclays Mortgage Loans were originated in accordance with Barclays’ origination procedures and underwriting criteria, except as described under “—Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Processes—Exceptions” below. Barclays attributes to itself all findings and conclusions resulting from the foregoing review procedures.

 

Review Procedures in the Event of a Mortgage Loan Substitution. Barclays will perform a review of any mortgage loan that it elects to substitute for a mortgage loan in the pool in connection with a material breach of a representation or warranty or a material document defect. Barclays, and if appropriate its legal counsel, will review the mortgage loan documents and servicing history of the substitute mortgage loan to confirm it meets each of the criteria required under the terms of the related mortgage loan purchase agreement and the pooling and servicing agreement (“Barclays’ Qualification Criteria“). Barclays will engage a third party accounting firm to compare the Barclays’ Qualification Criteria against the underlying source documentation to verify the accuracy of the review by Barclays and to confirm any numerical and/or statistical information to be disclosed in any required filings under the Exchange Act. Legal counsel will also be engaged by Barclays to render any tax opinion required in connection with the substitution.

 

Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Processes

 

After review and participation in the pre-closing due diligence and closing process by Barclays, each of the Barclays Mortgage Loans was generally originated in accordance with the underwriting criteria described below. Each lending situation is unique, however, and the facts and circumstances surrounding a particular mortgage loan, such as the quality and location of the real estate collateral, the sponsorship of the borrower and the tenancy of the collateral, will impact the extent to which the general guidelines below are applied to that specific loan. These underwriting criteria are general, and we cannot assure you that every loan will comply in all respects with the guidelines. For additional information with respect to exceptions to the underwriting guidelines, see “—Exceptions” below. Barclays originates mortgage loans principally for securitization.

 

General. Barclays originates commercial mortgage loans from its headquarters in New York and its West Coast office. Barclays may use table funding arrangements through third party origination platforms that have origination offices in additional locations. Bankers at Barclays and at any table funded lenders focus on sourcing, structuring, underwriting and performing due diligence on their loans. Structured finance bankers work closely with the loans’ originators to ensure that the loans are suitable for securitization and satisfy rating

 

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agency criteria. All mortgage loans, including any originated by table funded lenders, must be approved by Barclays’ credit department, as described below under “—Loan Approval”.

 

Loan Analysis. Generally, Barclays performs both a credit analysis and collateral analysis with respect to a loan applicant and the real estate that will secure a mortgage loan. In general, the analysis of a borrower includes a review of anti-money laundering or OFAC checks, as well as background checks and the analysis of its loan sponsor includes a review of money laundering and background checks, third-party credit reports, bankruptcy and lien searches, general banking references and commercial mortgage related references. In general, the analysis of the collateral includes a site visit and a review of the property’s historical operating statements (if available), independent market research, an appraisal with an emphasis on rental and sales comparables, engineering and environmental reports, the property’s historic and current occupancy, financial strengths of tenants, the duration and terms of tenant leases and the use of the property. Each report is reviewed for acceptability by a real estate finance loan underwriter. The borrower’s and property manager’s experience and presence in the subject market are also reviewed. Consideration is also given to anticipated changes in cash flow that may result from changes in lease terms or market considerations.

 

Borrowers are generally required to be single purpose entities although they are generally not required to be structured to reduce the possibility of becoming insolvent or bankrupt unless the loan has a principal balance of greater than $20 million, in which case additional limitations including the requirement that the borrower have at least one independent director are required.

 

Loan Approval. All mortgage loans originated or table funded by Barclays must be approved by a credit committee. The credit committee may approve a mortgage loan as recommended, request additional due diligence, modify the loan terms or decline a loan transaction.

 

Debt Service Coverage Ratio and LTV Ratio. Barclays’ underwriting standards generally mandate minimum debt service coverage ratios and maximum loan-to-value ratios. A loan-to-value ratio, generally based upon the appraiser’s determination of value as well as the value derived using a stressed capitalization rate, is considered. The debt service coverage ratio is based upon the underwritten net cash flow and is given particular importance. However, notwithstanding such guidelines, in certain circumstances the actual debt service coverage ratios, loan-to-value ratios and amortization periods for the mortgage loans originated by Barclays may vary from these guidelines.

 

Escrow Requirements. Generally, Barclays requires most borrowers to fund escrows for expenses such as taxes and insurance, capital expenses and replacement reserves, in some cases upon the occurrence of a trigger event. In the case of certain hotel loans, FF&E reserves may be held by the franchisor or manager rather than the lender. Generally, the required escrows for mortgage loans originated or acquired by Barclays are as follows (see Annex A-1 for instances in which reserves were not taken):

 

Taxes – Typically an initial deposit and monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12 of the annual property taxes (based on the most recent property assessment and the current millage rate) are required to provide the lender with sufficient funds to satisfy all taxes and assessments. Barclays may waive this escrow requirement under appropriate circumstances including, but not limited to, (i) where a tenant is required to pay the taxes directly, (ii) where there is institutional sponsorship or a high net worth individual, (iii) where there is a low loan-to-value ratio or (iv) any Escrow/Reserve Mitigating Circumstances.

 

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Insurance – If the property is insured under an individual policy (i.e., the property is not covered by a blanket policy), typically an initial deposit and monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12 of the annual property insurance premium are required to provide the lender with sufficient funds to pay all insurance premiums. Barclays may waive this escrow requirement under appropriate circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) where a property is covered by a blanket insurance policy maintained by the borrower or loan sponsor, (ii) where there is institutional sponsorship or a high net worth individual, (iii) where an investment grade or creditworthy tenant is responsible for paying all insurance premiums, (iv) the Mortgaged Property is a single tenant property (or substantially leased to a single tenant) and the tenant maintains the property insurance or self-insures (or may waive the escrow for a portion of the Mortgaged Property which is leased to a tenant that maintains property insurance for its portion of the Mortgaged Property), (v) where there is a low loan-to-value ratio or (vi) any Escrow/Reserve Mitigating Circumstances.

 

Replacement Reserves – Replacement reserves are generally calculated in accordance with the expected useful life of the components of the property during the term of the mortgage loan plus two years. Barclays relies on information provided by an independent engineer to make this determination. Barclays may waive this escrow requirement under appropriate circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) where an investment grade or creditworthy tenant is responsible for replacements under the terms of its lease, (ii) the Mortgaged Property is a single tenant property (or substantially leased to a single tenant) and the tenant repairs and maintains the Mortgaged Property (or may waive the escrow for a portion of the Mortgaged Property which is leased to a tenant that repairs and maintains its portion of the Mortgaged Property), (iii) where there is institutional sponsorship or a high net worth individual, (iv) where there is a low loan-to-value ratio or (v) any Escrow/Reserve Mitigating Circumstances.

 

Completion Repair/Environmental Remediation – Typically, a completion repair or remediation reserve is required where an environmental or engineering report suggests that such reserve is necessary. Upon funding of the applicable mortgage loan, Barclays generally requires that at least 100% – 125% of the estimated costs of repairs or replacements be reserved and generally requires that repairs or replacements be completed within a year after the funding of the applicable mortgage loan. Barclays may waive this escrow requirement under appropriate circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) where a secured creditor insurance policy or borrower insurance policy is in place, (ii) where an investment grade or creditworthy party has agreed to take responsibility, and pay, for any required repair or remediation, (iii) the Mortgaged Property is a single tenant property (or substantially leased to a single tenant) and the tenant is responsible for the repairs, (iv) the amount recommended is less than $50,000, (v) a repair or replacement item that does not materially impact the function, performance or value of the property or (v) any Escrow/Reserve Mitigating Circumstances.

 

Tenant Improvement/Lease Commissions – In most cases, various tenants have lease expirations within the mortgage loan term. To mitigate this risk, special reserves may be required to be funded either at closing of the mortgage loan and/or during the mortgage loan term to cover certain

 

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anticipated leasing commissions or tenant improvement costs which might be associated with re-leasing the space occupied by such tenants. Barclays may waive this escrow requirement under appropriate circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) where there is institutional sponsorship or a high net worth individual, (ii) where tenant improvement costs are the responsibility of tenants, (iii) where rents at the Mortgaged Property are considered to be sufficiently below market, (iv) where no material leases expire within the mortgage loan term, or the lease roll is not concentrated, (v) where there is a low loan-to-value ratio or (vi) any Escrow/Reserve Mitigating Circumstances.

 

For certain mortgage loans, Barclays requires reserves only upon the occurrence of certain trigger events, such as debt service coverage ratios or tenant-specific tests or occurrences.

 

Other Factors – Other factors that are considered in the origination of a commercial mortgage loan include current operations, occupancy and tenant base.

 

Barclays may determine that establishing any of the foregoing escrows or reserves is not warranted in one or more of the following instances (collectively, the “Escrow/Reserve Mitigating Circumstances“): (i) the amounts involved are de minimis, (ii) Barclays’ evaluation of the ability of the Mortgaged Property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the subject expense or cost absent creation of an escrow or reserve, (iii) based on the Mortgaged Property maintaining a specified debt service coverage ratio, (iv) Barclays has structured springing escrows that arise for identified risks, (v) Barclays has an alternative to a cash escrow or reserve, such as a letter of credit or a guarantee from the borrower or an affiliate of the borrower; (vi) Barclays believes there are credit positive characteristics of the borrower, the sponsor of the borrower and/or the Mortgaged Property that would offset the need for the escrow or reserve; or (vii) the reserves are being collected and held by a third party, such as a management company, a franchisor, or an association.

 

Servicing. Interim servicing for all loans originated or acquired by Barclays prior to securitization is typically performed by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association.

 

Exceptions. Notwithstanding the discussion under “—Barclays’ Underwriting Guidelines and Process” above, one or more of the Barclays Mortgage Loans may vary from, or do not comply with, Barclays underwriting guidelines described above. In addition, in the case of one or more of the Barclays Mortgage Loans, Barclays may not have strictly applied the underwriting guidelines described above as the result of a case by case permitted exception based upon other compensating factors. For any material exceptions to Barclays’ underwriting guidelines described above in respect of the Barclays Mortgage Loans, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines” in this prospectus.

 

Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act

 

Barclays has most recently filed a Form ABS-15G on November 13, 2018 in connection with it being a securitizer of certain types of mortgage loans. Barclays’ Central Index Key is 0000312070. It has no history of repurchases or repurchase requests required to be reported by Barclays under Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act, as amended, with respect to breaches of representations and warranties made by it as a sponsor of commercial mortgage loan securitizations.

 

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Retained Interests in This Securitization

 

Neither Barclays Bank PLC nor any of its affiliates intends to retain on the Closing Date any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization. However, Barclays Bank PLC or its affiliates may retain or own in the future certain classes. Any such party will have the right to dispose of such certificates at any time.

 

Neither Barclays nor any of its affiliates will insure or guarantee distributions on the certificates. The Certificateholders will have no rights or remedies against Barclays for any losses or other claims in connection with the certificates or the mortgage loans except in respect of the repurchase and substitution obligations for material document defects or the material breaches of representations and warranties made by Barclays in the related MLPA as described under “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

Barclays is engaged in various legal and regulatory matters in a number of jurisdictions. Barclays is subject to legal proceedings by and against Barclays which arise from time to time and also subject to enquiries and examinations, requests for information, audits, investigations and legal and other proceedings by regulators, governmental and other public bodies in connection with areas of banking and business activities in which Barclays is or has been engaged.

 

The information set forth under “—Barclays Bank PLC” has been provided by Barclays.

 

Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC

 

General

 

Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC (“Basis Real Estate Capital”) is a limited liability company organized under the laws of the state of Delaware and an indirect subsidiary of Basis Investment Group LLC (“Basis” or “Basis Investment”). Basis is a privately-held company that commenced operations in January of 2009. Basis (and its direct and indirect subsidiaries) was formed to invest in commercial real estate debt. Basis is a multi-strategy real estate investment platform that originates and acquires performing and distressed loans, bridge loans, mezzanine loans, subordinate participation interests, commercial mortgage-backed securities, preferred equity, structured equity and other high yielding commercial real estate investments. The executive offices of Basis Investment Group LLC are located at 75 Broad Street, Suite 2110, New York, New York 10004.

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association provides short-term warehousing of mortgage loans originated by Basis Real Estate Capital through a repurchase facility. The mortgage loans that Basis Real Estate Capital will be selling to the depositor (the “Basis Mortgage Loans”) are (or are expected to be) subject to such repurchase facility. Basis Real Estate Capital is using the proceeds from its sale of the Basis Mortgage Loans to the depositor to, among other things, simultaneously reacquire such mortgage loans from Wells Fargo Bank, National Association free and clear of any liens.

 

Basis’ Securitization Program

 

This is the 36th commercial mortgage securitization to which Basis and its affiliates are contributing loans. However, certain key principals and members of the senior management team of Basis were senior officers at CWCapital, LLC and GMAC Commercial Mortgage Corporation and have been active in the commercial mortgage securitization business since

 

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1997 and from 1997 through 2007, they were directly and/or indirectly responsible for the origination and/or securitization of several billion dollars of loans.

 

From 2010 to 2017, Basis contributed approximately $2,094,013,190 of mortgage loans to multiple commercial mortgage securitizations. Basis did not securitize any commercial mortgage loans prior to 2010 and has not been involved in the securitization of any other types of financial assets.

 

Basis originates and acquires commercial and multifamily mortgage loans throughout the United States. The commercial and multifamily mortgage loans originated or acquired to be securitized by Basis may include both small balance and large balance fixed-rate and floating-rate loans. The commercial and multifamily mortgage loans that will be sold by Basis Real Estate Capital to the depositor have been originated or acquired by it or an affiliate.

 

In connection with providing the representations and warranties set forth on Annex D-1 to this prospectus and, if applicable, identified exceptions to those representations and warranties, Basis will conduct its own due diligence review. In addition, closing counsel for each loan will review and/or prepare, among other things, individual loan summaries and initial exception lists to the representations and warranties. Counsel will also review certain loan documentation and perform due diligence procedures.

 

If a cure, repurchase or substitution is required with respect to a mortgage loan sold by Basis Real Estate Capital in the event of a material document defect or material breach of a representation or warranty with respect to such mortgage loan, Basis Investment will be the sole party responsible for any repurchase or substitution. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Dispute Resolution Provisions” and “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Sponsors May Not Make Required Repurchases or Substitutions of Defective Mortgage Loans or Pay Any Loss of Value Payment Sufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan” in this prospectus. In addition, Basis Investment has agreed to indemnify the depositor and the underwriters and certain of their respective affiliates with respect to certain liabilities arising in connection with the issuance and sale of the Offered Certificates.

 

In addition, Basis Real Estate Capital is a party to an interest rate hedging arrangement with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association with respect to each of the Basis Mortgage Loans. See “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties” in this prospectus.

 

Basis’ Underwriting Standards and Processes

 

Set forth below is a discussion of certain general underwriting guidelines with respect to mortgage loans originated by Basis or its affiliates.

 

Notwithstanding the discussion below, given the unique nature of commercial mortgaged properties, the underwriting and origination procedures and the credit analysis with respect to any particular commercial mortgage loan may significantly differ from one asset to another, and will be driven by circumstances particular to that property, including, among others, the property type, current use, size, location, market conditions, reserve requirements and additional collateral, tenants and leases, borrower identity, sponsorship, performance history and/or other factors. Consequently, we cannot assure you that the underwriting of any particular commercial or multifamily mortgage loan will conform to the general guidelines described below. For important information about the circumstances that have affected the underwriting of the mortgage loans in the mortgage pool, see the “Risk

 

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Factors” section of this prospectus and the other subsections of this “Transaction Parties” section.

 

If a mortgage loan exhibits any one of the following characteristics, variances from general underwriting/origination procedures described below may be considered acceptable under the circumstances indicated: (i) low loan-to-value ratio; (ii) high debt service coverage ratio; (iii) experienced sponsor(s)/guarantor(s) with financial wherewithal; (iv) additional springing reserves; (v) cash flow sweeps; and (vi) elements of recourse included in the mortgage loan.

 

Loan Analysis. Generally, Basis performs both a credit analysis and collateral analysis with respect to each mortgage loan, the loan applicant, and the real estate that will secure the loan. Generally, the credit analysis of the borrower and the real estate includes a review of historical financial statements, including rent rolls (generally unaudited), third party credit reports, judgment, lien, bankruptcy and pending litigation searches and, if applicable, the loan payment history of the borrower. Basis typically performs a qualitative analysis which incorporates independent credit checks and published debt and equity information with respect to certain principals of the borrower as well as the borrower itself. Borrowers are generally required to be single-purpose entities and are generally required to be structured to limit the possibility of becoming insolvent or bankrupt. The collateral analysis typically includes, in each case to the extent available and applicable, an analysis of the historical property operating statements, rent rolls, operating budgets, and a review of tenant leases. Basis generally requires third party appraisals, as well as environmental and building condition reports. Each report is reviewed for acceptability by a staff member of Basis or a third-party consultant for compliance with Basis’ program standards. Generally, a member of the Basis’ underwriting team also conducts a site inspection to ascertain the overall quality, functionality and competitiveness of the property, including its neighborhood and market, accessibility and visibility, and to assess the tenancy of the property. The submarket in which the property is located is assessed to evaluate competitive or comparable properties as well as market trends.

 

Loan Approval. All mortgage loans to be originated by Basis or Basis Real Estate Capital require approval by a loan credit committee which includes senior personnel from Basis. The committee may approve a mortgage loan as recommended, request additional due diligence prior to approval, approve it subject to modifications of the loan terms or may decline a loan transaction.

 

Debt Service Coverage Ratio and Loan-to-Value Ratio. Generally, the debt service coverage ratio for mortgage loans originated or acquired by Basis or Basis Real Estate Capital will be equal to or greater than 1.20x and the loan-to-value ratio for mortgage loans originated or acquired by Basis or Basis Real Estate Capital will be equal to or less than 75%; provided, however, that exceptions may be made when consideration is given to circumstances particular to the mortgage loan, the related property, loan-to-value ratio, reserves or other factors. For example, Basis or Basis Real Estate Capital may originate a mortgage loan with a debt service coverage ratio below 1.20x based on, among other things, the amortization features of the mortgage loan (for example, if the mortgage loan provides for relatively rapid amortization), the type of tenants and leases at the property, the taking of additional collateral such as reserves and/or guarantees, Basis’ or Basis Real Estate Capital’s judgment of improved property and/or market performance in the future and/or other relevant factors.

 

In addition, with respect to certain mortgage loans originated by Basis or Basis Real Estate Capital, there may exist subordinate debt secured by the related mortgaged property and/or mezzanine debt secured by direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower.

 

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Such mortgage loans may have a lower debt service coverage ratio, and a higher loan-to-value ratio, if such subordinate or mezzanine debt is taken into account.

 

Environmental Assessments. Phase I environmental site assessments or updates of previously conducted assessments are performed on all mortgaged properties. Depending on the findings of the Phase I assessment, any of the following may be required: additional environmental testing, such as a Phase II environmental assessment on the subject mortgaged property; an environmental insurance policy; cash reserves for any recommended remediation action and/or a guaranty with respect to environmental matters. With respect to a majority of properties, the environmental assessments are performed during the 12-month period before the applicable Cut-off Date. Additionally, all borrowers are required to provide customary environmental representations, warranties and covenants relating to the existence and use of hazardous substances on the mortgaged properties. Any material adverse environmental conditions or circumstances revealed by these environmental assessments for the mortgaged properties are described in this prospectus.

 

Property Condition Assessments. Inspections or updates of previously conducted inspections are conducted by independent licensed engineers or architects or both for all properties in connection with the origination or the purchase of a mortgage loan. For a majority of the properties, the inspections are conducted within the 12-month period before the applicable Cut-off Date. The inspections are conducted to inspect the exterior walls, roofing, interior construction, mechanical and electrical systems and general condition of the site, buildings and other improvements located at a mortgaged property. The resulting reports on some of the properties may indicate a variety of deferred maintenance items and recommended capital expenditures. In some instances, repairs or maintenance are completed before closing or cash reserves are established to fund the deferred maintenance or replacement items or both.

 

Appraisal. An appraisal for each property is performed or an existing appraisal updated in connection with the origination or the purchase of the related mortgage loan. For a majority of the properties, the appraisals are performed during the 12-month period before the applicable Cut-off Date. The Appraised Value of the related property or properties is greater than the original principal balance of the related mortgage loan. All such appraisals are conducted by an independent appraiser that is state-certified or designated as a member of the Appraisal Institute. The appraisal (or a separate letter) for all properties contains a statement by the appraiser to the effect that the appraisal guidelines of Title XI of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989, were followed in preparing the appraisal.

 

Seismic Report. If the property consists of improvements located in California or in seismic zone 3 or 4, Basis typically requires a seismic report to establish the probable maximum or bounded loss for the improvements at the property as a result of an earthquake. If that loss is in excess of 20% of the estimated replacement cost for the improvements at the property, Basis may require retrofitting of the improvements or that the borrower obtain earthquake insurance if available at a commercially reasonable price. It should be noted, however, that because the seismic assessments may not necessarily have used the same assumptions in assessing probable maximum loss, it is possible that some of the real properties that were considered unlikely to experience a probable maximum loss in excess of 20% of estimated replacement cost might have been the subject of a higher estimate had different assumptions been used.

 

Zoning and Building Code Compliance. With respect to each mortgage loan, Basis will generally consider whether the use and occupancy of the related real property collateral is in material compliance with zoning, land-use, building rules, regulations and orders then

 

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applicable to that property. Evidence of this compliance may be in the form of one or more of the following: legal opinions; surveys; recorded documents; temporary or permanent Certificates of occupancy; letters from government officials or agencies; title insurance endorsements; engineering or consulting reports; and/or representations by the related borrower.

 

Where a mortgaged property as currently operated is a permitted nonconforming use and/or the structure and the improvements may not be rebuilt to the same dimensions or used in the same manner in the event of a major casualty, Basis will consider whether:

 

any major casualty that would prevent rebuilding has a sufficiently remote likelihood of occurring;

 

casualty insurance proceeds together with the value of any additional collateral would be available in an amount estimated by Basis to be sufficient to pay off the related mortgage loan in full;

 

the real property collateral, if permitted to be repaired or restored in conformity with current law, would in Basis’ judgment constitute adequate security for the related mortgage loan;

 

whether a variance or other similar change in applicable zoning restrictions is potentially available, or whether the applicable governing entity is likely to enforce the related limitations; and/or

 

to require the related borrower to obtain law and ordinance insurance and/or alternative mitigant is in place.

 

Hazard, Liability and Other Insurance. The mortgage loans typically require that the related property be insured by a hazard insurance policy with a customary deductible and in an amount at least equal to the lesser of the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan and 100% of the full insurable replacement cost of the improvements located on the property. If applicable, the policy contains appropriate endorsements to avoid the application of coinsurance and does not permit reduction in insurance proceeds for depreciation, except in certain instances where credit tenants are required to obtain this insurance or may self-insure.

 

Flood insurance, if available, must be in effect for any property that at the time of origination included material improvements in any area identified in the Federal Register by the Federal Emergency Management Agency as having special hazards. The flood insurance policy must meet the requirements of the then-current guidelines of the Federal Insurance Administration, be provided by a generally acceptable insurance carrier and be in an amount representing coverage not less than the least of: (i) the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan, (ii) the full insurable value of the property, (iii) the maximum amount of insurance available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, and (iv) 100% of the replacement cost of the improvements located on the property, except in some cases where self-insurance was permitted.

 

The standard form of hazard insurance policy typically covers physical damage or destruction of the improvements on the mortgaged property caused by fire, lightning, explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, riot or strike and civil commotion. The policies may contain some conditions and exclusions to coverage, including exclusions related to acts of terrorism. Generally, each of the mortgage loans requires that the related property have coverage for terrorism or terrorist acts, if such coverage is available at commercially

 

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reasonable rates; in some cases, there is a cap on the amount that the related borrower will be required to expend on terrorism insurance.

 

Each mortgage typically also requires the borrower to maintain comprehensive general liability insurance against claims for personal and bodily injury, death or property damage occurring on, in or about the property in an amount customarily required by institutional lenders.

 

Each mortgage typically further requires the related borrower to maintain business interruption or rent loss insurance in an amount not less than 100% of the projected rental income from the related property for not less than twelve months.

 

The properties are typically not insured for earthquake risk. For properties located in California and some other seismic zones, Basis typically conducts seismic studies to assess the “probable maximum loss”. In general, a borrower will be required to obtain earthquake insurance if the seismic report indicates that the probable maximum loss is greater than 20%.

 

Earnouts and Additional Collateral Loans. Some of the Basis Mortgage Loans may be additionally secured by cash reserves or irrevocable letters of credit that will be released upon satisfaction by the borrower of leasing-related matters or other conditions, including, in some cases, achieving specified debt service coverage ratios or loan-to-value ratios. For a description of the cash reserves or letters or credit and related earnout information for the Basis Mortgage Loans, see Annex A-1 to this prospectus and the related footnotes.

 

Escrow Requirements. Generally, Basis requires most borrowers to fund various escrows for taxes and insurance, capital expenses and replacement reserves. Generally, the required escrows for mortgage loans originated by Basis are as follows:

 

Taxes—Typically, an initial deposit and monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12th of the annual property taxes (based on the most recent property assessment and the current millage rate) are required to provide Basis with sufficient funds to satisfy all taxes and assessments. Basis may waive this escrow requirement under certain circumstances.

 

Insurance—If the property is insured under an individual policy (i.e., the property is not covered by a blanket policy), typically an initial deposit and monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12th of the annual property insurance premium are required to provide Basis with sufficient funds to pay all insurance premiums. Basis may waive this escrow requirement under certain circumstances.

 

Replacement Reserves—Replacement reserves are generally calculated in accordance with the expected useful life of the components of the property during the term of the mortgage loan. Basis may waive this escrow requirement under certain circumstances.

 

Completion Repair/Environmental Remediation—Typically, a completion repair or remediation reserve is required where an environmental or engineering report suggests that such reserve is necessary. Upon funding of the applicable mortgage loan, Basis generally requires that at least 120% of the estimated costs of repairs or replacements be reserved and generally requires that repairs or replacements be completed within a year after the funding of the applicable mortgage loan. Basis may waive this escrow requirement under certain circumstances.

 

Tenant Improvement/Lease Commissions—In most cases, various tenants have lease expirations within the loan term. To mitigate this risk, special reserves may be required to be funded either at closing of the mortgage loan and/or during the related loan term

 

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to cover certain anticipated leasing commissions or tenant improvement costs which might be associated with re-leasing the space occupied by such tenants. Basis may waive this escrow requirement under certain circumstances.

 

Furthermore, Basis may accept an alternative to a cash escrow or reserve from a borrower, such as a letter of credit or a guarantee from the borrower or an affiliate of the borrower or periodic evidence that the items for which the escrow or reserve would have been established are being paid or addressed. In some cases, Basis may determine that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and Basis’ evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the subject expense or cost absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

Exceptions. Notwithstanding the discussion under “—Basis’ Underwriting Standards and Processes” above, one or more of Basis’ mortgage loans may vary from, or not comply with, Basis’ underwriting guidelines described above. In addition, in the case of one or more of Basis’ mortgage loans, Basis or another Originator may not have strictly applied the underwriting guidelines described above as the result of a case-by-case permitted exception based upon other compensating factors. None of the Basis Mortgage Loans were originated with any material exceptions to Basis Mortgage’s underwriting policies, guidelines and procedures described above.

 

Review of Mortgage Loans for Which Basis Real Estate Capital is the Sponsor

 

Overview. Basis Real Estate Capital, in its capacity as the sponsor of the Basis Mortgage Loans, has conducted a review of the Basis Mortgage Loans it is selling to the depositor designed and effected to provide reasonable assurance that the disclosure related to the Basis Mortgage Loans is accurate in all material respects. The review of the Basis Mortgage Loans was performed by a deal team comprised of real estate and securitization professionals who are employees of Basis (collectively, the “Basis Deal Team”) with the assistance of certain third parties. The Basis Deal Team determined the nature, extent and timing of the review and the level of assistance provided by any third parties. Basis Real Estate Capital has ultimate authority and control over, and assumes all responsibility for and attributes to itself, the review of the Mortgage Loans that it is selling to the depositor and the review’s findings and conclusions. The review procedures described below were employed with respect to all of the Basis Mortgage Loans (rather than relying on sampling procedures), except that certain review procedures were solely relevant to the large loan disclosures in this prospectus, as further described below.

 

Database. To prepare for securitization, members of the Basis Deal Team created a database of loan-level and property-level information relating to each Basis Mortgage Loan. The database was compiled from, among other sources, the related mortgage loan documents, third party reports (appraisals, environmental site assessments, property condition reports, zoning reports and applicable seismic studies), insurance policies, borrower-supplied information (including, to the extent available, rent rolls, leases, operating statements and budgets) and information collected by Basis during the underwriting process. Prior to securitization of each Basis Mortgage Loan, the Basis Deal Team may have updated the information in the database with respect to such Basis Mortgage Loan based on current information provided by the related servicer relating to loan payment status and escrows, updated operating statements, rent rolls and leasing activity, and information otherwise brought to the attention of the Basis Deal Team. Such updates were not intended to be, and do not serve as, a re-underwriting of any Mortgage Loan.

 

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A data tape (the “Basis Data Tape”) containing detailed information regarding each Basis Mortgage Loan was created from the information in the database referred to in the prior paragraph. The Basis Data Tape was used by the Basis Deal Team to provide the numerical information regarding the Basis Mortgage Loans in this prospectus.

 

Data Comparisons and Recalculation. The depositor, on behalf of Basis, engaged a third party accounting firm to perform certain data comparison and recalculation procedures which were designed or provided by Basis relating to information in this prospectus regarding the Basis Mortgage Loans. These procedures included:

 

comparing the information in the Basis Data Tape against various source documents provided by Basis;

 

comparing numerical information regarding the Basis Mortgage Loans and the related Mortgaged Properties disclosed in this prospectus against the information contained in the Basis Data Tape; and

 

recalculating certain percentages, ratios and other formulae relating to the Basis Mortgage Loans disclosed in this prospectus.

 

Legal Review. Basis engaged various law firms to conduct certain legal reviews of the Basis Mortgage Loans for disclosure in this prospectus. In anticipation of the securitization of each Basis Mortgage Loan originated by Basis Real Estate Capital, origination counsel prepared a loan summary that sets forth salient loan terms and summarizes material deviations from Basis Real Estate Capital’s standard form loan documents. In addition, origination counsel for each Basis Mortgage Loan reviewed Basis Real Estate Capital’s representations and warranties set forth on Annex D-1 to this prospectus and, if applicable, identified exceptions to those representations and warranties.

 

Securitization counsel was also engaged to assist in the review of the Basis Mortgage Loans. Such assistance included, among other things, a review of a due diligence questionnaire completed by the Basis Deal Team. Securitization counsel also reviewed the property release provisions, if any, for each Basis Mortgage Loan with multiple Mortgaged Properties for compliance with the REMIC provisions.

 

Mortgage loan seller’s counsel or securitization counsel also assisted in the preparation of the mortgage loan summaries set forth in Annex B to this prospectus, based on their respective reviews of pertinent sections of the related mortgage loan documents and other loan information.

 

Other Review Procedures. Prior to securitization, the Basis Deal Team confirmed with the related servicers for the Basis Mortgage Loans that, to the best of such servicers’ knowledge and except as previously identified, material events concerning the related Mortgage Loan, the Mortgaged Property and the borrower and guarantor had not occurred since origination, including, but not limited to, (i) loan modifications or assumptions, or releases of the related borrower or Mortgaged Property; (ii) damage to the Mortgaged Property that materially and adversely affects its value as security for the Mortgage Loan; (iii) pending condemnation actions; (iv) litigation, regulatory or other proceedings against the Mortgaged Property, borrower or guarantor, or notice of non-compliance with environmental laws; (iv) bankruptcies involving any borrower or guarantor, or any tenant occupying a single tenant property; and (v) any existing or incipient material defaults.

 

The Basis Deal Team also consulted with Basis personnel responsible for the origination of the Basis Mortgage Loans to confirm that the Basis Mortgage Loans were originated in

 

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compliance with the origination and underwriting criteria described above under “—Basis’ Underwriting Standards and Processes” as well as to identify any material deviations from those origination and underwriting criteria. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines” in this prospectus.

 

Findings and Conclusions. Basis found and concluded with reasonable assurance that the disclosure regarding the Basis Mortgage Loans in this prospectus is accurate in all material respects. Basis also found and concluded with reasonable assurance that the Basis Mortgage Loans were originated in accordance with Basis’s origination procedures and underwriting criteria, except as described above under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Exceptions to Underwriting Guidelines”.

 

Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act

 

As of the date of this prospectus, Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC filed its most recent Form ABS-15G with the SEC on May 15, 2018. Such Form ABS-15G is available electronically through the SEC’s EDGAR system. The Central Index Key number of Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC is 0001542105. The following table provides information regarding the demand, repurchase and replacement activity with respect to the mortgage loans securitized by Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC, which activity occurred during the period from October 1, 2015 to September 30, 2018 or is still outstanding.

 

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Name of Issuing Entity Check if Registered Name of Originator Total Assets in ABS by Originator(1) Assets That Were Subject of Demand(2) Assets That Were Repurchased or Replaced(2) Assets Pending Repurchase or Replacement (within cure period)(2)(3) Demand in Dispute(2)(3) Demand Withdrawn(2) Demand Rejected(2)
# $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance # $ % of principal balance
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n) (o) (p) (q) (r) (s) (t) (u) (v) (w) (x)
Asset Class Commercial Mortgages
WFRBS Commercial Mortgage Trust 2014-C22, Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2014-C22 X Basis(4) 6 Loans 58,594,540 3.9% 1 loan (#22 in the pool) 15,371,873.53 1.07% 0.00 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 1 loan (#22 in the pool) 15,371,873.53 1.07%

 

 

(1)Reflects the number of loans, outstanding principal balance and percentage of principal balance as of the date of the closing of the related securitization. (For columns d-f)

 

(2)Reflects the number of loans, outstanding principal balance and approximate percentage of principal balance as of December 31, 2017. (For columns g-x)

 

(3)Includes assets that are subject to a demand and within the cure period, but where (i) no decision has yet been made to accept or contest the demand or (ii) the demand request is in dispute. (For columns m-r)

 

(4)CWCapital Asset Management LLC, as special servicer for loan #22, delivered a groundless claim that Basis breached the representations and warranties made in the mortgage loan purchase agreement due to the existence of an immaterial lawsuit that was filed against the borrower’s sponsor. On February 7, 2018, Basis rejected the claim for breach of representation or warranty for several reasons but most notably because (i) the lawsuit was filed after Basis had already conducted its due diligence on the borrower and the borrower’s sponsor and (ii) the immaterial lawsuit in question was served on the borrower’s sponsor after the loan was originated. Due to the meritless basis for this demand, Basis has requested that CWCapital rescind its repurchase demand.

 

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Retained Interests in This Securitization

 

Neither Basis Real Estate Capital nor any of its affiliates intends to retain on the Closing Date any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization. However, Basis Real Estate Capital or its affiliates may retain or own in the future certain classes of certificates. Any such party will have the right to dispose of any such certificates at any time.

 

The information set forth under “—Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC” has been provided by Basis Real Estate Capital.

 

BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC

 

General

 

BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC (“BSPRT“), formerly known as BSPRT Finance, LLC, is a sponsor of, and a seller of certain mortgage loans (the “BSPRT Mortgage Loans“) into, the securitization described in this prospectus. BSPRT originated and underwrote all of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans. BSPRT is a limited liability company organized under the laws of the State of Delaware. The primary offices of BSPRT are located at 142 West 57th Street, Suite 1201, New York, New York 10019.

 

BSPRT’s Loan Origination and Acquisition History

 

BSPRT began originating and acquiring loans in 2017 and has not been involved in the securitization of any other types of financial assets.

 

BSPRT originates and acquires from both affiliated and unaffiliated third party originators, commercial mortgage loans throughout the United States. The following tables set forth information with respect to originations and acquisitions of fixed rate commercial mortgage loans by BSPRT as of September 30, 2018.

 

Originations and Acquisitions of Fixed-Rate Commercial Mortgage Loans

 

No. of Loans 

 

Approximate Aggregate
Principal Balance of Loans at Origination or Purchase 

Originations/Acquisitions 234   $3,385,254,200

 

In connection with this commercial mortgage securitization transaction, BSPRT will transfer the BSPRT Mortgage Loans to the depositor, who will then transfer the BSPRT Mortgage Loans to the issuing entity for this securitization. In return for the transfer by the depositor to the issuing entity of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans (together with the other mortgage loans being securitized), the issuing entity will issue commercial mortgage pass-through certificates that are, in whole or in part, backed by, and supported by the cash flows generated by, the mortgage loans being securitized. In coordination with the underwriter or the initial purchaser and the depositor, BSPRT will work with rating agencies, the other loan sellers, servicers and investors and will participate in structuring the securitization transaction to maximize the overall value and capital structure, taking into account numerous factors, including without limitation geographic and property type diversity and rating agency criteria.

 

Pursuant to an MLPA, BSPRT will make certain representations and warranties, subject to certain exceptions set forth therein, and undertake certain loan document delivery

 

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requirements with respect to the BSPRT Mortgage Loans; and, in the event of an uncured material breach of any such representation and warranty or an uncured material document defect or omission, BSPRT will generally be obligated to repurchase or replace the affected mortgage loan or, in some cases, pay an amount estimated to cover the approximate loss associated with such breach, defect or omission. We cannot assure you that BSPRT will repurchase or replace, or make an estimated loss reimbursement payment with respect to, a defective mortgage loan, and no affiliate of BSPRT will be responsible for doing so if BSPRT fails with respect to its obligations.

 

BSPRT does not act as a servicer of the commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community mortgage loans that BSPRT originates or acquires and will not act as servicer in this commercial mortgage securitization transaction. Instead, BSPRT sells the right to be appointed servicer of its securitized loans to unaffiliated third party servicers and utilizes unaffiliated third party servicers as interim servicers.

 

Review of BSPRT Mortgage Loans

 

Overview. BSPRT has conducted a review of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans in connection with the securitization described in this prospectus. The review of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans was performed by a team comprised of real estate and securitization professionals (the “BSPRT Review Team”). The review procedures described below were employed with respect to all of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans, except that certain review procedures may only be relevant to the large loan disclosures, if any, in this prospectus. No sampling procedures were used in the review process.

 

Database. Members of the BSPRT Review Team maintain a database of loan-level and property-level information, and prepared an asset summary report, relating to each BSPRT Mortgage Loan. The database and the respective asset summary reports were compiled from, among other sources, the related Mortgage Loan documents, appraisals, environmental assessment reports, property condition reports, seismic studies, zoning reports, insurance review summaries, borrower-supplied information (including, but not limited to, rent rolls, leases, operating statements and budgets) and information collected by the BSPRT Team during the underwriting process. The BSPRT Review Team periodically updated the information in the database and the related asset summary report with respect to such BSPRT Mortgage Loan based on updates provided by the related servicer relating to loan payment status and escrows, updated operating statements, rent rolls and leasing activity, and information otherwise brought to the attention of the BSPRT Review Team.

 

A data tape (the “BSPRT Data Tape”) containing detailed information regarding each BSPRT Mortgage Loan was created from the information in the database referred to in the prior paragraph. The BSPRT Data Tape was used to provide the numerical information regarding the BSPRT Mortgage Loans in this prospectus.

 

Data Validation and Recalculation. The depositor, on behalf of BSPRT engaged a third party accounting firm to perform certain data validation and recalculation procedures designed by BSPRT, relating to information in this prospectus regarding the BSPRT Mortgage Loans. These procedures included:

 

comparing the information in the BSPRT Data Tape against various source documents provided by BSPRT that are described under “—Review of BSPRT Mortgage Loans—Database” above;

 

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comparing numerical information regarding the BSPRT Mortgage Loans and the related Mortgaged Properties disclosed in this prospectus against the BSPRT Data Tape; and

 

recalculating certain percentages, ratios and other formulae relating to the BSPRT Mortgage Loans disclosed in this prospectus.

 

Legal Review. BSPRT engaged various law firms to conduct certain legal reviews of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans for disclosure in this prospectus. In anticipation of the securitization of each BSPRT Mortgage Loan, BSPRT’s origination counsel prepared a due diligence questionnaire that sets forth salient loan terms. In addition, such origination counsel for each BSPRT Mortgage Loan reviewed BSPRT’s representations and warranties set forth on Annex D-1 and, if applicable, identified exceptions to those representations and warranties.

 

Legal counsel was also engaged in connection with this securitization to assist in the review of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans. Such assistance included, among other things, (i) a review of BSPRT’s asset summary report and its origination counsel’s due diligence questionnaire for each BSPRT Mortgage Loan, (ii) a review of the representations and warranties and exception reports referred to above relating to the BSPRT Mortgage Loans prepared by origination counsel, and (iii) the review of select provisions in certain loan documents with respect to certain of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans.

 

Other Review Procedures. With respect to any material pending litigation on the underlying Mortgaged Properties of which BSPRT was aware at the origination of any BSPRT Mortgage Loan, the BSPRT Review Team requested updates from the related borrower, origination counsel and/or borrower’s litigation counsel. BSPRT conducted a search with respect to each borrower under the related BSPRT Mortgage Loan to determine whether it filed for bankruptcy. If the BSPRT Review Team became aware of a significant natural disaster in the vicinity of the Mortgaged Property securing any BSPRT Mortgage Loan, the BSPRT Review Team obtained information on the status of the Mortgaged Property from the related borrower to confirm no material damage to the Mortgaged Property.

 

The BSPRT Review Team, with the assistance of applicable origination counsel, also reviewed the BSPRT Mortgage Loans to determine whether any BSPRT Mortgage Loan materially deviated from the underwriting guidelines set forth under “—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards” below. See “—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards—Exceptions” below.

 

Findings and Conclusions. Based on the foregoing review procedures, the BSPRT Review Team determined that the disclosure regarding the BSPRT Mortgage Loans in this prospectus is accurate in all material respects. The BSPRT Review Team also determined that the BSPRT Mortgage Loans were originated in accordance with BSPRT’s origination procedures and underwriting criteria, except as described under “—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards—Exceptions” below. BSPRT attributes to itself all findings and conclusions resulting from the foregoing review procedures.

 

Review Procedures in the Event of a Mortgage Loan Substitution. BSPRT will perform a review of any mortgage loan that it elects to substitute for a Mortgage Loan in the pool in connection with a material breach of a representation or warranty or a material document defect. BSPRT, and, if appropriate, its legal counsel, will review the mortgage loan documents and servicing history of the substitute mortgage loan to confirm it satisfies each of the criteria required under the terms of the related MLPA and the PSA (collectively, the “Qualification Criteria“). BSPRT will engage a third party accounting firm to compare the Qualification Criteria against the underlying source documentation to verify the accuracy of

 

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the review by BSPRT and to confirm any numerical and/or statistical information to be disclosed in any required filings under the Exchange Act. Legal counsel will also be engaged by BSPRT to render any tax opinion required in connection with the substitution.

 

BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards

 

Each of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans was originated or acquired by BSPRT. Set forth below is a discussion of certain general underwriting guidelines and processes with respect to commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community mortgage loans originated or acquired by BSPRT.

 

Notwithstanding the discussion below, given the unique nature of commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community mortgaged properties, the underwriting and origination procedures and the credit analysis with respect to any particular commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community mortgage loan may significantly differ from one asset to another, and will be driven by circumstances particular to that property, including, among others, its type, current use, size, location, market conditions, reserve requirements and additional collateral, tenants and leases, borrower identity, sponsorship, performance history and/or other factors. Consequently, we cannot assure you that the underwriting of any particular commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community mortgage loan originated or acquired by BSPRT will conform to the general guidelines and processes described below. For important information about the circumstances that have affected the underwriting of particular BSPRT Mortgage Loans, see “—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards—Exceptions” below and “Annex D-2—Exceptions to Mortgage Loan Representations and Warranties”.

 

Loan Analysis. Generally both a credit analysis and a collateral analysis are conducted with respect to each commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community mortgage loan. The credit analysis of the borrower generally includes a review of third party credit reports and/or judgment, lien, bankruptcy and pending litigation searches. The collateral analysis generally includes a review of, in each case to the extent available and applicable, the historical property operating statements, rent rolls and certain significant tenant leases. The credit underwriting also generally includes a review of third party appraisals, as well as environmental reports, engineering assessments and seismic reports, if applicable and obtained. Generally, BSPRT also conducts or causes a third party to conduct a site inspection to ascertain the overall quality, functionality and competitiveness of the property, including its neighborhood and market, accessibility and visibility, and to assess the tenancy of the property. The submarket in which the property is located is assessed to evaluate competitive or comparable properties as well as market trends.

 

Loan Approval. Prior to commitment, each commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community mortgage loan to be originated or acquired must be approved by a loan committee that includes senior personnel from BSPRT. The committee may approve a mortgage loan as recommended, request additional due diligence, modify the loan terms or decline a loan transaction.

 

Debt Service Coverage Ratio and Loan-to-Value Ratio. The underwriting includes a calculation of the debt service coverage ratio and loan-to-value ratio. BSPRT’s underwriting standards generally require, without regard to any other debt, a debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.20x and a loan-to-value ratio of not more than 75.0%.

 

A debt service coverage ratio will generally be calculated based on the underwritten net cash flow from the property in question as determined by BSPRT and payments on the loan based on actual (or, in some cases, assumed) principal and/or interest due on the loan.

 

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However, underwritten net cash flow is often a highly subjective number based on a variety of assumptions regarding, and adjustments to, revenues and expenses with respect to the related real property collateral. For example, when calculating the debt service coverage ratio for a commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community mortgage loan, annual net cash flow that was calculated based on assumptions regarding projected future rental income, expenses and/or occupancy may be utilized. There is no assurance that the foregoing assumptions made with respect to any prospective commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community mortgage loan will, in fact, be consistent with actual property performance. Such underwritten net cash flow may be higher than historical net cash flow reflected in recent financial statements. Additionally, certain mortgage loans may provide for only interest payments prior to maturity, or for an interest-only period during a portion of the term of the mortgage loan.

 

A loan-to-value ratio, in general, is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the then-outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan divided by the estimated value of the related property based on an appraisal.

 

Additional Debt. Certain mortgage loans may have or permit in the future certain subordinate debt, whether secured or unsecured, and/or mezzanine debt. It is possible that BSPRT or an affiliate may be the lender on that subordinate debt and/or mezzanine debt.

 

The debt service coverage ratios described above will be lower based on the inclusion of the payments related to such additional debt and the loan-to-value ratios described above will be higher based on the inclusion of the amount of any such subordinate debt and/or mezzanine debt.

 

Assessments of Property Condition. As part of the underwriting process, the property assessments and reports described below will typically be obtained:

 

Appraisals. Independent appraisals or an update of an independent appraisal will generally be required in connection with the origination or acquisition of each mortgage loan that meets the requirements of the “Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice” as adopted by the Appraisal Standards Board of the Appraisal Foundation, or the guidelines in Title XI of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989. In some cases, however, the value of the subject real property collateral may be established based on a cash flow analysis, a recent sales price or another method or benchmark of valuation.

 

Environmental Assessment. In most cases, a Phase I environmental assessment will be required with respect to the real property collateral for a prospective commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community mortgage loan. However, when circumstances warrant, an update of a prior environmental assessment, a transaction screen or a desktop review may be utilized. Alternatively, in limited circumstances, an environmental assessment may not be required, such as when the benefits of an environmental insurance policy or an environmental guarantee have been obtained. It should be noted that an environmental assessment conducted at any particular real property collateral will not necessarily cover all potential environmental issues. For example, an analysis for radon, lead-based paint, mold and lead in drinking water will usually be conducted only at multifamily rental properties and only if it is believed that such an analysis is warranted under the circumstances. Depending on the findings of the initial environmental assessment, any of the following may be required: additional environmental testing, such as a Phase II environmental assessment with respect to the subject real property collateral; an environmental insurance policy; that the borrower conduct remediation

 

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activities or establish an operations and maintenance plan; and/or a guaranty or reserve with respect to environmental matters.

 

Engineering Assessment. In connection with the origination/acquisition process, in most cases, it will be required that an engineering firm inspect the real property collateral for any prospective commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community mortgage loan to assess the structure, exterior walls, roofing, interior structure and/or mechanical and electrical systems. Based on the resulting report, the appropriate response will be determined to any recommended repairs, corrections or replacements and any identified deferred maintenance.

 

Seismic Report. Generally, a seismic report is required for all properties located in seismic zones 3 or 4.

 

Title Insurance. The borrower is required to provide a title insurance policy for each property. The title insurance policies provided typically must meet the following requirements: (i) written by a title insurer licensed to do business in the jurisdiction where the mortgaged property is located, (ii) in an amount at least equal to the original principal balance of the mortgage loan, (iii) protection and benefits run to the mortgagee and its successors and assigns, (iv) written on an American Land Title Association form or equivalent policy promulgated in the jurisdiction where the mortgaged property is located and (v) if a survey was prepared, the legal description of the mortgaged property in the title policy conforms to that shown on the survey.

 

Casualty Insurance. Except in certain instances where sole or significant tenants (which may include ground tenants) are required to obtain insurance or may self-insure, BSPRT typically requires that the related mortgaged property be insured by a hazard insurance policy with a customary deductible and in an amount at least equal to the lesser of the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan and 100% of the full insurable replacement cost of the improvements located on the property. If applicable, the policy must contain appropriate endorsements to avoid the application of coinsurance and not permit reduction in insurance proceeds for depreciation, except that the policy may permit a deduction for depreciation in connection with a cash settlement after a casualty if the insurance proceeds are not being applied to rebuild or repair the damaged improvements.

 

Flood insurance, if available, must be in effect for any mortgaged property that at the time of origination or acquisition included material improvements in any area identified in the Federal Register by the Federal Emergency Management Agency a special flood hazard area. The flood insurance policy must meet the requirements of the then-current guidelines of the Federal Insurance Administration, be provided by a generally acceptable insurance carrier and be in an amount representing coverage not less than the least of (i) the outstanding principal balance of the mortgage loan, (ii) the full insurable value of the property or, in cases where only a portion of the property is in the flood zone, the full insurable value of the portion of the property contained therein, and (iii) the maximum amount of insurance available under the National Flood Insurance Program Act of 1968, except in some cases where self-insurance was permitted.

 

The standard form of hazard insurance policy typically covers physical damage or destruction of the improvements on the mortgaged property caused by fire, lightning, explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, riot or strike and civil commotion. The policies may contain some conditions and exclusions to coverage, including exclusions related to acts of terrorism. Generally, each of the mortgage loans requires that the related property have coverage for terrorism or terrorist acts, if such coverage is available at commercially

 

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reasonable rates. In many cases, there is a cap on the amount that the related borrower will be required to expend on terrorism insurance.

 

Each mortgage instrument typically also requires the borrower to maintain comprehensive general liability insurance against claims for personal and bodily injury, death or property damage occurring on, in or about the property in an amount customarily required by institutional lenders.

 

Each mortgage instrument typically further requires the related borrower to maintain business interruption or rent loss insurance in an amount not less than 100% of the projected rental income from the related property for not less than twelve months.

 

Although properties are typically not insured for earthquake risk, a borrower will be required to obtain earthquake insurance if the property has material improvements and the seismic report indicates that the PML or the scenario expected loss (“SEL”) is greater than 20%.

 

Zoning and Building Code Compliance. In connection with the origination or acquisition of a commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community mortgage loan, BSPRT will generally examine whether the use and occupancy and construction of the related real property collateral is in material compliance with zoning, land-use, building rules, regulations and orders then applicable to that property. Evidence of this compliance may be in the form of one or more of the following: legal opinions, surveys, recorded documents, temporary or permanent certificates of occupancy, letters from government officials or agencies, title insurance endorsements, engineering or consulting reports, zoning reports and/or representations by the related borrower.

 

In some cases, a mortgaged property may constitute a legal non-conforming use or structure. In such cases, BSPRT may require an endorsement to the title insurance policy or the acquisition of law and ordinance insurance with respect to the particular non-conformity unless it determines that: (i) the non-conformity should not have a material adverse effect on the ability of the borrower to rebuild; (ii) if the improvements are rebuilt in accordance with currently applicable law, the value and performance of the property would be acceptable; (iii) any major casualty that would prevent rebuilding has a sufficiently remote likelihood of occurring or BSPRT has a reasonable likelihood of recovering approximately 75% of proceeds from the casualty; or (iv) a cash reserve, a letter of credit or an agreement from a principal of the borrower is provided to cover losses.

 

If a material violation exists with respect to a mortgaged property, BSPRT may require the borrower to remediate such violation and, subject to the discussion under “—BSPRT’s Underwriting Standards —Escrow Requirements” below, to establish a reserve to cover the cost of such remediation, unless a cash reserve, a letter of credit or an agreement from a principal of the borrower is provided to cover losses.

 

Escrow Requirements. Based on BSPRT’s analysis of the real property collateral, the borrower and the principals of the borrower, a borrower under a commercial, multifamily or manufactured housing community mortgage loan may be required to fund various escrows for taxes, insurance, replacement reserves, tenant improvements/leasing commissions, deferred maintenance and/or environmental remediation. A case-by-case analysis will be conducted to determine the need for a particular escrow or reserve. Consequently, the aforementioned escrows and reserves are not established for every commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community mortgage loan. Furthermore, BSPRT may accept an alternative to a cash escrow or reserve from a borrower, such as a letter of credit or a guarantee from the borrower or an affiliate of the borrower or periodic evidence that the

 

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items for which the escrow or reserve would have been established are being paid or addressed. In some cases, BSPRT may determine that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and BSPRT’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the subject expense or cost absent creation of an escrow or reserve. In some cases, BSPRT may determine that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted because a tenant or other third party has agreed to pay the subject cost or expense for which the escrow or reserve would otherwise have been established.

 

Generally, subject to the discussion in the prior paragraph, the required escrows for commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community mortgage loans originated or acquired by BSPRT are as follows:

 

Taxes—Monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12th of the annual property taxes (based on the most recent property assessment and the current millage rate) are typically required to satisfy real estate taxes and assessments, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if there is an institutional property sponsor or high net worth individual property sponsor, or (ii) if and to the extent that a sole or major tenant (which may include a ground tenant) at the related mortgaged property is required to pay, or there is sufficient evidence that such sole or major tenant is paying, taxes directly.

 

Insurance—Monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12th of the annual property insurance premium are typically required to pay insurance premiums, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if there is an institutional property sponsor or high net worth individual property sponsor, (ii) if the related borrower maintains a blanket insurance policy, or (iii) if and to the extent that a sole or major tenant (which may include a ground tenant) at the related mortgaged property is obligated to maintain, or there is sufficient evidence that such sole or major tenant is maintaining, the insurance or is permitted to self-insure.

 

Replacement Reserves—Replacement reserves are generally calculated in accordance with the expected useful life of the components of the property during the term of the mortgage loan. Annual replacement reserves are generally underwritten to the suggested replacement reserve amount from an independent, third-party property condition or engineering report, or to certain minimum requirements by property type, except that such escrows are not required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if a tenant (which may include a ground tenant) at the related mortgaged property or other third party is responsible for all repairs and maintenance, or (ii) if BSPRT determines that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and BSPRT’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the cost of repairs and maintenance absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

Tenant Improvements / Leasing Commissions—In the case of retail, office and industrial properties, a tenant improvements / leasing commissions reserve may be required to be funded either at loan origination and/or during the related mortgage loan term to cover certain anticipated leasing commissions or tenant improvement costs which might be associated with re-leasing the space occupied by significant tenants, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if the related tenant’s lease extends beyond the loan

 

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term, (ii) if the rent for the space in question is considered below market, or (iii) if BSPRT determines that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and BSPRT’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the anticipated leasing commissions or tenant improvement costs absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

Deferred Maintenance—A deferred maintenance reserve may be required to be funded at loan origination or acquisition in an amount typically equal to 100% to 125% of the estimated cost of material immediate repairs or replacements identified in the property condition or engineering report, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if the sponsor of the borrower delivers a guarantee to complete the immediate repairs in a specified amount of time, (ii) if the deferred maintenance amount does not materially impact the function, performance or value of the property, (iii) if a tenant (which may include a ground tenant) at the related mortgaged property or other third party is responsible for the repairs, or (iv) if BSPRT determines that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and BSPRT’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the cost of repairs absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

Environmental Remediation—An environmental remediation reserve may be required at loan origination or acquisition in an amount equal to 100% to 125% of the estimated remediation cost identified in the environmental report, except that such escrows may not be required in certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, (i) if the sponsor of the borrower delivers a guarantee agreeing to take responsibility and pay for the identified environmental issues, (ii) if environmental insurance is obtained or already in place, (iii) if a third party unrelated to the borrower is identified as the responsible party or (iv) if BSPRT determines that establishing an escrow or reserve is not warranted given the amounts that would be involved and BSPRT’s evaluation of the ability of the property, the borrower or a holder of direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower to bear the cost of remediation absent creation of an escrow or reserve.

 

For a description of the escrows collected with respect to the BSPRT Mortgage Loans, see Annex A-1.

 

Exceptions. The BSPRT Mortgage Loans were originated in accordance with the underwriting standards set forth above.

 

Compliance with Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act

 

BSPRT has no history as a securitizer prior to November 2017. BSPRT most recently filed a Form ABS-15G pursuant to Rule 15Ga-1 under the Exchange Act on February 14, 2018. BSPRT’s Central Index Key Number is 0001722518. BSPRT has no demand, repurchase or replacement history to report as required by Rule 15Ga-1.

 

Retained Interests in This Securitization

 

Neither BSPRT nor any of its affiliates will retain on the Closing Date any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization. BSPRT and

 

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its affiliates may acquire certificates in the secondary market. Any such party will have the right to dispose of any such certificates at any time.

 

The information set forth under “—BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC” has been provided by BSPRT.

 

The Depositor

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc., a North Carolina corporation, is the depositor. The depositor is a special purpose corporation incorporated in the State of North Carolina in 1988, for the purpose of engaging in the business, among other things, of acquiring and depositing mortgage loans in trust in exchange for certificates evidencing interest in such trusts and selling or otherwise distributing such certificates. The depositor is a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Wells Fargo Bank, a sponsor, an originator, a mortgage loan seller, the master servicer, the certificate administrator, the tax administrator, the custodian and the certificate registrar and an affiliate of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, one of the underwriters. See “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties” below.

 

The depositor will have minimal ongoing duties with respect to the certificates and the Mortgage Loans. The depositor’s duties will include, without limitation, (i) appointing a successor trustee in the event of the resignation or removal of the trustee, (ii) providing information in its possession with respect to the certificates to the tax administrator to the extent necessary to perform REMIC tax administration, (iii) indemnifying the trustee, the tax administrator and the issuing entity for any liability, assessment or costs arising from the depositor’s willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in providing such information, (iv) indemnifying the trustee and the tax administrator against certain securities law liabilities, and (v) signing or contracting with the master servicer, signing any Annual Report on Form 10-K, including the certification required under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and any Distribution Reports on Form 10-D and Current Reports on Form 8-K required to be filed by the issuing entity. The depositor is also required under the underwriting agreement to indemnify the underwriters for certain securities law liabilities.

 

The depositor purchases commercial mortgage loans and interests in commercial mortgage loans for the purpose of selling those assets to trusts created in connection with the securitization of pools of assets and does not engage in any activities unrelated to those securitizations. On the Closing Date, the depositor will acquire the Mortgage Loans from each mortgage loan seller and will simultaneously transfer them, without recourse, to the trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders.

 

The depositor remains responsible under the PSA for providing the master servicer, special servicer, certificate administrator and trustee with certain information and other assistance requested by those parties and reasonably necessary to performing their duties under the PSA. The depositor also remains responsible for mailing notices to the Certificateholders upon the appointment of certain successor entities under the PSA.

 

The Issuing Entity

 

The issuing entity, Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48 (the “Trust“), will be a New York common law trust, formed on the Closing Date pursuant to the PSA.

 

The only activities that the issuing entity may perform are those set forth in the PSA, which are generally limited to owning and administering the Mortgage Loans and any REO Property, disposing of defaulted mortgage loans and REO Property, issuing the certificates,

 

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making distributions, providing reports to Certificateholders and other activities described in this prospectus. Accordingly, the issuing entity may not issue securities other than the certificates, or invest in securities, other than investing of funds in the Collection Account and other accounts maintained under the PSA in certain short-term permitted investments. The issuing entity may not lend or borrow money, except that the master servicer and the trustee may make Advances of delinquent monthly debt service payments and they and the special servicer may make Servicing Advances to the issuing entity, but only to the extent it does not deem such Advances to be nonrecoverable from the related mortgage loan; such Advances are intended to provide liquidity, rather than credit support. The PSA may be amended as set forth under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Amendment”. The issuing entity administers the Mortgage Loans through the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer and the special servicer. A discussion of the duties of the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer and the special servicer, including any discretionary activities performed by each of them, is set forth in this prospectus under “Transaction Parties—The Trustee, ―The Certificate Administrator”, “—The Master Servicer” and “—The Special Servicer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”.

 

The only assets of the issuing entity other than the Mortgage Loans and any REO Properties are the Collection Account and other accounts maintained pursuant to the PSA, the short-term investments in which funds in the Collection Account and other accounts are invested. The issuing entity has no present liabilities, but has potential liability relating to ownership of the Mortgage Loans and any REO Properties and certain other activities described in this prospectus, and indemnity obligations to the trustee, the certificate administrator, the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer and the operating advisor. The fiscal year of the issuing entity is the calendar year. The issuing entity has no executive officers or board of directors and acts through the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer and the special servicer.

 

The depositor will be contributing the Mortgage Loans to the issuing entity. The depositor will be purchasing the Mortgage Loans from the mortgage loan sellers, as described under “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements” in this prospectus.

 

The Trustee

 

Wilmington Trust, National Association (“WTNA“) (formerly called M & T Bank, National Association) will act as trustee on behalf of the Certificateholders pursuant to the PSA. WTNA is a national banking association with trust powers incorporated in 1995. The trustee’s principal place of business is located at 1100 North Market Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19890. WTNA is an affiliate of Wilmington Trust Company and both WTNA and Wilmington Trust Company are subsidiaries of Wilmington Trust Corporation and Wilmington Trust Corporation is a wholly-owned subsidiary of M&T Bank Corporation. Since 1998, Wilmington Trust Company has served as trustee in numerous asset-backed securities transactions. As of June 30, 2018, WTNA served as trustee on over 1,655 mortgage-backed related securities transactions having an aggregate original principal balance in excess of $306 billion, of which approximately 388 transactions were commercial mortgage-backed securities transactions having an aggregate original principal balance of approximately $252 billion.

 

The transaction parties may maintain banking and other commercial relationships with WTNA and its affiliates. In its capacity as trustee on commercial mortgage securitizations, WTNA and its affiliates are generally required to make an advance if the related servicer or special servicer fails to make a required advance. In the past three years, WTNA and its

 

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affiliates have not been required to make an advance on a commercial mortgage-backed securities transaction.

 

WTNA is subject to various legal proceedings that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. WTNA does not believe that the ultimate resolution of any of these proceedings will have a material adverse effect on its services as trustee for this transaction.

 

The information set forth under this sub-heading has been provided by WTNA. None of the depositor, the underwriters or any other person, other than WTNA, makes any representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of such information.

 

The responsibilities of the trustee are set forth in the PSA. A discussion of the role of the trustee and its continuing duties, including: 1) any actions required by the trustee, including whether notices are required to investors, rating agencies or other third parties, upon an event of default, potential event of default (and how defined) or other breach of a transaction covenant and any required percentage of a class or classes of asset-backed securities that is needed to require the trustee to take action, 2) limitations on the trustee’s liability under the transaction agreements regarding the asset-backed securities transaction, 3) any indemnification provisions that entitle the trustee to be indemnified from the cash flow that otherwise would be used to pay the asset-backed securities, and 4) any contractual provisions or understandings regarding the trustee’s removal, replacement or resignation, as well as how the expenses associated with changing from one trustee to another trustee will be paid, is set forth in this prospectus under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”. In its capacity as trustee on commercial mortgage loan securitizations, WTNA and its affiliates are generally required to make an advance if the related servicer or special servicer fails to make a required advance. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances” in this prospectus.

 

For a description of any material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between the trustee and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties” in this prospectus.

 

The trustee will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA. For further information regarding the duties, responsibilities, rights and obligations of the trustee under the PSA, including those related to indemnification, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the trustee’s removal, replacement or resignation are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator” in this prospectus.

 

The Certificate Administrator

 

Wells Fargo Bank will act as certificate administrator, REMIC administrator, certificate registrar, and custodian under the PSA. The certificate administrator will also be the REMIC administrator and the 17g-5 Information Provider under the PSA.

 

Wells Fargo Bank is a national banking association and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Wells Fargo & Company. A diversified financial services company, Wells Fargo & Company is a U.S. bank holding company with approximately $1.9 trillion in assets and approximately 265,000 employees as of June 30, 2018, which provides banking, insurance, trust, mortgage and consumer finance services throughout the United States and internationally. Wells Fargo Bank provides retail and commercial banking services and corporate trust, custody, securities lending, securities transfer, cash management, investment management

 

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and other financial and fiduciary services. The depositor, the sponsors, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer and the mortgage loan sellers may maintain banking and other commercial relationships with Wells Fargo Bank and its affiliates. Wells Fargo Bank maintains principal corporate trust offices at 9062 Old Annapolis Road, Columbia, Maryland 21045 (among other locations) and its office for certificate transfer services is located at 600 South 4th Street, 7th floor, MAC: N9300-070, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55479.

 

Under the terms of the PSA, Wells Fargo Bank is responsible for securities administration, which includes pool performance calculations, distribution calculations and related distributions to Certificateholders and the preparation of monthly distribution reports. As certificate administrator, Wells Fargo Bank is responsible for the preparation and filing of all REMIC tax returns on behalf of the Trust REMICs and the preparation of monthly reports on Form 10-D, certain current reports on Form 8-K and annual reports on Form 10-K that are required to be filed with the SEC on behalf of the issuing entity. Wells Fargo Bank has been engaged in the business of securities administration since June 30, 1995, and in connection with commercial mortgage-backed securities since 1997. As of June 30, 2018, Wells Fargo Bank was acting as securities administrator with respect to more than $459 billion of outstanding commercial mortgage-backed securities.

 

Wells Fargo Bank is acting as custodian (the “Custodian“) of the mortgage files pursuant to and subject to the PSA. In that capacity, Wells Fargo Bank is responsible to hold and safeguard the mortgage notes and other contents of the mortgage files on behalf of the trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders. Wells Fargo Bank maintains each mortgage file in a separate file folder marked with a unique bar code to assure loan-level file integrity and to assist in inventory management. Files are segregated by transaction or investor. Wells Fargo Bank has been engaged in the mortgage document custody business for more than 25 years. Wells Fargo Bank maintains its commercial document custody facilities in Minneapolis, Minnesota. As of June 30, 2018, Wells Fargo Bank was acting as custodian of more than 260,000 commercial mortgage files.

 

Wells Fargo Bank serves or may have served within the past two years as loan file custodian for various mortgage loans owned by a sponsor or an affiliate of a sponsor, and one or more of those mortgage loans may be included in the Trust. The terms of any custodial agreement under which those services are provided by Wells Fargo Bank are customary for the mortgage-backed securitization industry and provide for the delivery, receipt, review and safekeeping of mortgage loan files.

 

For three CMBS transactions in its portfolio, the Corporate Trust Services Group of Wells Fargo Bank disclosed material noncompliance on its related 2017 Annual Statement of Compliance furnished pursuant to Item 1123 of Regulation AB to the required recipients for such transactions. For one CMBS transaction, an administrative error caused an underpayment to certain classes and a correlating overpayment to certain classes on one distribution date in 2017. The affected distributions were revised to correct the error before the next distribution date. For the second CMBS transaction, an administrative error resulted in certain holders of definitive certificates not receiving a distribution on one distribution date in 2017. The error was corrected when the required distributions were made the next day. For the third CMBS transaction, required distributions for one distribution date in 2017 were made eight days late as a result of an inadvertent payment systems error.

 

Since June 18, 2014, a group of institutional investors have filed civil complaints in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, and later the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York against Wells Fargo Bank in its capacity as trustee for

 

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certain residential mortgage backed securities (“RMBS“) trusts. The complaints against Wells Fargo Bank alleged that the trustee caused losses to investors and asserted causes of action based upon, among other things, the trustee’s alleged failure to: (i) notify and enforce repurchase obligations of mortgage loan sellers for purported breaches of representations and warranties, (ii) notify investors of alleged events of default, and (iii) abide by appropriate standards of care following alleged events of default. Relief sought included money damages in an unspecified amount, reimbursement of expenses, and equitable relief. Wells Fargo Bank has reached an agreement, in which it denies any wrongdoing, to resolve these claims on a classwide basis for the 271 RMBS trusts currently at issue. The settlement agreement is subject to court approval. Separate lawsuits against Wells Fargo Bank making similar allegations filed by certain other institutional investors concerning 58 RMBS trusts in New York federal and state court are not covered by the agreement. In September 2017, Royal Park Investments SA/NV (“Royal Park“), one of the plaintiffs with respect to two trusts in the remaining cases, filed a putative class action complaint seeking declaratory and injunctive relief and money damages based on Wells Fargo Bank’s indemnification from trust funds for legal fees and expenses Wells Fargo Bank incurs or has incurred in defending the case filed by Royal Park. With respect to the foregoing litigations, Wells Fargo Bank believes plaintiffs’ claims are without merit and intends to contest the claims vigorously, but there can be no assurances as to the outcome of the litigations or the possible impact of the litigations on Wells Fargo Bank or the RMBS trusts.

 

Neither Wells Fargo Bank nor any of its affiliates intends to retain on the Closing Date any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization. However, Wells Fargo Bank or its affiliates may retain or own in the future certain classes of certificates. Any such party will have the right to dispose of any such certificates at any time.

 

The foregoing information set forth under this heading “—The Certificate Administrator” has been provided by Wells Fargo Bank.

 

For a description of any material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between the certificate administrator and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

The certificate administrator will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA. For further information regarding the duties, responsibilities, rights and obligations of the certificate administrator under the PSA, including those related to indemnification, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the certificate administrator’s removal, replacement or resignation are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator” in this prospectus.

 

The Master Servicer

 

Wells Fargo Bank will act as the master servicer under the PSA. Wells Fargo Bank is a national banking association organized under the laws of the United States of America, and is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Wells Fargo & Company. Wells Fargo Bank is also a sponsor, an originator, a mortgage loan seller, the certificate administrator and the custodian under this securitization, is the holder of one of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Companion Loans and is an affiliate of Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc., the depositor, and of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, an underwriter. In addition, Wells Fargo Bank is (i) the master servicer, the certificate administrator and the

 

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custodian under the WFCM 2018-C47 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio whole loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio whole loan, (ii) the servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BBCMS 2018-CHRS TSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Christiana Mall whole loan, (iii) the applicable master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio whole loan, (iv) the servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Aventura Mall whole loan, (v) expected to be the master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA, which is expected to govern the servicing and administration of the Home Depot Technology Center whole loan, (vi) the trustee, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Liberty Portfolio whole loan, and (vii) the applicable master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Fair Oaks Mall whole loan.

 

Wells Fargo Bank is the purchaser under repurchase agreements with each of Argentic, Basis Real Estate Capital and BSPRT, respectively, or, in any such case, with a wholly-owned subsidiary or other affiliate of the subject mortgage loan seller, for the purpose of providing short-term warehousing of mortgage loans originated or acquired by each of Argentic, Basis Real Estate Capital and BSPRT, respectively, or in any such case by its respective affiliates. Pursuant to certain interim servicing agreements between Wells Fargo Bank and Argentic, a sponsor, an originator, and a mortgage loan seller, or certain affiliates of Argentic, Wells Fargo Bank acts as primary servicer, from time to time, with respect to certain mortgage loans owned by Argentic or such affiliates of Argentic (subject, in some cases, to the repurchase facility described above in this paragraph) including prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the Argentic Mortgage Loans. There are currently no servicing advances made by Wells Fargo Bank in regards to any Argentic Mortgage Loan that is serviced by Wells Fargo Bank prior to its inclusion in the issuing entity. Pursuant to certain interim servicing agreements between Wells Fargo Bank, on the one hand, and Barclays, a sponsor, an originator and a mortgage loan seller, and certain affiliates of Barclays, on the other hand, Wells Fargo Bank acts from time to time as primary servicer with respect to certain mortgage loans owned by Barclays and/or such affiliates of Barclays, including, prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the Barclays Mortgage Loans. There are currently no outstanding servicing advances made by Wells Fargo Bank in regards to any Barclays Mortgage Loan that is serviced by Wells Fargo Bank prior to its inclusion in the issuing entity. Pursuant to an interim servicing agreement between Wells Fargo Bank and Basis, a sponsor, an originator and a mortgage loan seller, Wells Fargo Bank acts from time to time as primary servicer with respect to certain mortgage loans owned by Basis (subject, in some cases, to the repurchase facility described above in this paragraph) from time to time, including, prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the Basis Mortgage Loans. There are currently no outstanding servicing advances made by Wells Fargo Bank in regards to any Basis Mortgage Loan that is serviced by Wells Fargo Bank prior to its inclusion in the issuing entity. Pursuant to a certain interim servicing agreement between Wells Fargo Bank and Benefit Street Partners CRE Finance LLC, an affiliate of BSPRT, a sponsor, an originator and a mortgage loan seller, Wells Fargo Bank acts from time to time as primary servicer with respect to certain mortgage loans owned by such affiliate (subject, in some cases, to the repurchase facility described above in this paragraph), including, prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans. There are currently no outstanding servicing advances made by Wells Fargo Bank in regards to any BSPRT Mortgage Loan that is

 

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serviced by Wells Fargo Bank prior to its inclusion in the issuing entity. Wells Fargo Bank acts as primary servicer with respect to certain mortgage loans it owns, including, prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans. There are currently no outstanding servicing advances made by Wells Fargo Bank in regards to any Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loan that is serviced by Wells Fargo Bank prior to its inclusion in the issuing entity. Wells Fargo Bank is expected to enter into one or more agreements with the other sponsors to purchase the master servicing rights to the related Mortgage Loans and/or the right to be appointed as the master servicer with respect to such Mortgage Loans and to purchase the primary servicing rights to certain of the Mortgage Loans.

 

The principal west coast commercial mortgage master servicing and special servicing offices of Wells Fargo Bank are located at MAC A0227-020, 1901 Harrison Street, Oakland, California 94612. The principal east coast commercial mortgage master servicing and special servicing offices of Wells Fargo Bank are located at Three Wells Fargo, MAC D1050-084, 401 South Tryon Street, Charlotte, North Carolina 28202.

 

Wells Fargo Bank has been master servicing securitized commercial and multifamily mortgage loans in excess of ten years. Wells Fargo Bank’s primary servicing system runs on McCracken Financial Solutions software, Strategy CS. Wells Fargo Bank reports to trustees and certificate administrators in the CREFC® format. The following table sets forth information about Wells Fargo Bank’s portfolio of master or primary serviced commercial and multifamily mortgage loans (including loans in securitization transactions and loans owned by other investors) as of the dates indicated:

 

Commercial and
Multifamily Mortgage Loans 

 

As of 12/31/2015 

 

As of 12/31/2016 

 

As of 12/31/2017 

 

As of 9/30/2018 

By Approximate Number:   32,716   31,128   30,017   30,293
                 
By Approximate Aggregate Unpaid Principal Balance (in billions):   $503.3   $506.8   $527.6   $558.5

 

Within this portfolio, as of September 30, 2018, are approximately 21,503 commercial and multifamily mortgage loans with an unpaid principal balance of approximately $430.9 billion related to commercial mortgage-backed securities or commercial real estate collateralized debt obligation securities. In addition to servicing loans related to commercial mortgage-backed securities and commercial real estate collateralized debt obligation securities, Wells Fargo Bank also services whole loans for itself and a variety of investors. The properties securing loans in Wells Fargo Bank’s servicing portfolio, as of September 30, 2018, were located in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, Mexico, the Bahamas, the Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico and include retail, office, multifamily, industrial, hotel and other types of income-producing properties.

 

In its master servicing and primary servicing activities, Wells Fargo Bank utilizes a mortgage-servicing technology platform with multiple capabilities and reporting functions. This platform allows Wells Fargo Bank to process mortgage servicing activities including, but not limited to: (i) performing account maintenance; (ii) tracking borrower communications; (iii) tracking real estate tax escrows and payments, insurance escrows and payments, replacement reserve escrows and operating statement data and rent rolls; (iv) entering and updating transaction data; and (v) generating various reports.

 

The following table sets forth information regarding principal and interest advances and servicing advances made by Wells Fargo Bank, as master servicer, on commercial and multifamily mortgage loans included in commercial mortgage-backed securitizations. The

 

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information set forth below is the average amount of such advances outstanding over the periods indicated (expressed as a dollar amount and as a percentage of Wells Fargo Bank’s portfolio, as of the end of each such period, of master serviced commercial and multifamily mortgage loans included in commercial mortgage-backed securitizations).

 

Period* 

 

Approximate Securitized Master-Serviced Portfolio (UPB)* 

 

Approximate Outstanding Advances (P&I and PPA)* 

 

Approximate Outstanding Advances as % of UPB 

Calendar Year 2015   $401,673,056,650   $1,600,995,208   0.40%
Calendar Year 2016   $385,516,905,565   $838,259,754   0.22%
Calendar Year 2017   $395,462,169,170   $647,840,559   0.16%
YTD September 30, 2018   $414,392,518,393   $533,282,175   0.13%

 

 

*UPB” means unpaid principal balance, “P&I” means principal and interest advances, “PPA” means property protection advances and “YTD” means year-to-date.

 

Wells Fargo Bank has acted as a special servicer of securitized commercial and multifamily mortgage loans in excess of five years. Wells Fargo Bank’s special servicing system includes McCracken Financial Solutions Corp.’s Strategy CS software.

 

The following table sets forth information about Wells Fargo Bank’s portfolio of specially serviced commercial and multifamily mortgage loans as of the dates indicated:

 

CMBS Pools 

 

As of 12/31/2015 

 

As of 12/31/2016 

 

As of 12/31/2017 

 

As of 

9/30/2018

By Approximate Number   124   151   181   207
Named Specially Serviced Portfolio By Approximate Aggregate Unpaid Principal Balance (in billions)(1)   $86.0 $107.3   $125.0   $135.3
Actively Specially Serviced Portfolio By Approximate Aggregate Unpaid Principal Balance (2) $181,704,308   $106,851,483 $1,818,177,720 $458,919,777

 

 

(1)Includes all loans in Wells Fargo Bank’s portfolio for which Wells Fargo Bank is the named special servicer, regardless of whether such loans are, as of the specified date, specially-serviced loans.

 

(2)Includes only those loans in the portfolio that, as of the specified date, are specially-serviced loans.

 

The properties securing loans in Wells Fargo Bank’s special servicing portfolio may include retail, office, multifamily, industrial, hospitality and other types of income-producing property. As a result, such properties, depending on their location and/or other specific circumstances, may compete with the mortgaged real properties for tenants, purchasers, financing and so forth.

 

Wells Fargo Bank has developed strategies and procedures as special servicer for working with borrowers on problem loans (caused by delinquencies, bankruptcies or other breaches of the mortgage loan documents) to maximize the value from the assets for the benefit of certificateholders. Wells Fargo Bank’s strategies and procedures vary on a case by case basis, and include, but are not limited to, liquidation of the underlying collateral, note sales, discounted payoffs, and borrower negotiation or workout in accordance with the applicable servicing standard, the mortgage loan documents and applicable law, rule and regulation.

 

Wells Fargo Bank is rated or ranked by Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch“), S&P Global Ratings (“S&P“) and Morningstar Credit Ratings, LLC (“Morningstar“) as a primary servicer, a master

 

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servicer and a special servicer of commercial mortgage loans in the US. Wells Fargo Bank’s servicer ratings by each of these agencies are outlined below:

 

Fitch 

 

S&P 

 

Morningstar 

Primary Servicer: CPS1-   Strong   MOR CS1
Master Servicer: CMS1-   Strong   MOR CS1
Special Servicer: CSS2   Above Average   MOR CS2

 

The long-term issuer ratings of Wells Fargo Bank are “A+” by S&P, “Aa2” by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s“) and “AA-” by Fitch. The short-term issuer ratings of Wells Fargo Bank are “A-1” by S&P, “P-1” by Moody’s and “F1+” by Fitch.

 

Wells Fargo Bank has developed policies, procedures and controls relating to its servicing functions to maintain compliance with applicable servicing agreements and servicing standards, including procedures for handling delinquent loans during the period prior to the occurrence of a special servicing transfer event. Wells Fargo Bank’s master servicing and special servicing policies and procedures are updated periodically to keep pace with the changes in the commercial mortgage-backed securities industry and have been generally consistent for the last three years in all material respects. The only significant changes in Wells Fargo Bank’s policies and procedures have come in response to changes in federal or state law or investor requirements, such as updates issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association or Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.

 

Wells Fargo Bank may perform any of its obligations under the PSA through one or more third-party vendors, affiliates or subsidiaries. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Wells Fargo Bank, as the master servicer, will remain responsible for its duties under the PSA. Wells Fargo Bank may engage third-party vendors to provide technology or process efficiencies. Wells Fargo Bank monitors its third-party vendors in compliance with its internal procedures and applicable law. Wells Fargo Bank has entered into contracts with third-party vendors for the following functions:

 

provision of Strategy and Strategy CS software;

 

audit services;

 

tracking and reporting of flood zone changes;

 

abstracting of leasing consent requirements contained in loan documents;

 

legal representation;

 

assembly of data regarding buyer and seller (borrower) with respect to proposed loan assumptions and preparation and underwriting of loan assumption package for review by Wells Fargo Bank;

 

performance of property inspections;

 

performance of tax parcel searches based on property legal description, monitoring and reporting of delinquent taxes, and collection and payment of taxes;

 

Uniform Commercial Code (“UCC“) searches and filings;

 

insurance tracking and compliance;

 

onboarding-new loan setup;

 

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lien release-filing & tracking;

 

credit investigation & background checks; and

 

defeasance calculations.

 

Wells Fargo Bank may also enter into agreements with certain firms to act as a primary servicer and to provide cashiering or non-cashiering sub-servicing on the Mortgage Loans. Wells Fargo Bank monitors and reviews the performance of sub-servicers appointed by it. Generally, all amounts received by Wells Fargo Bank on the Mortgage Loans will initially be deposited into a common clearing account with collections on other mortgage loans serviced by Wells Fargo Bank and will then be allocated and transferred to the appropriate account as described in this prospectus. On the day any amount is to be disbursed by Wells Fargo Bank, that amount is transferred to a common disbursement account prior to disbursement. Wells Fargo Bank’s responsibilities as special servicer under servicing agreements typically do not include collection on the pool assets. However, Wells Fargo Bank maintains certain operating accounts with respect to REO properties in accordance with the terms of the applicable servicing agreement and the applicable servicing standard.

 

In its capacity as the master servicer, Wells Fargo Bank will not have primary responsibility for custody services of original documents evidencing the Mortgage Loans. On occasion, Wells Fargo Bank may have custody of certain of such documents as are necessary for enforcement actions involving the Mortgage Loans or otherwise. To the extent Wells Fargo Bank performs custodial functions as a servicer, documents will be maintained in a manner consistent with the Servicing Standard.

 

A Wells Fargo Bank proprietary website (www.wellsfargo.com/com/comintro) provides investors with access to investor reports for commercial mortgage-backed securitization transactions for which Wells Fargo Bank is master servicer, and also provides borrowers with access to current and historical loan and property information for these transactions.

 

Wells Fargo & Company files reports with the SEC as required under the Exchange Act. Such reports include information regarding Wells Fargo Bank and may be obtained at the website maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov.

 

There are no legal proceedings pending against Wells Fargo Bank, or to which any property of Wells Fargo Bank is subject, that are material to the Certificateholders, nor does Wells Fargo Bank have actual knowledge of any proceedings of this type contemplated by governmental authorities.

 

Neither Wells Fargo Bank nor any of its affiliates intends to retain on the Closing Date any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization. However, Wells Fargo Bank or its affiliates may retain or own in the future certain classes of certificates. Any such party will have the right to dispose of any such certificates at any time.

 

The foregoing information set forth under this sub-heading regarding Wells Fargo Bank has been provided by Wells Fargo Bank.

 

For a description of any material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between Wells Fargo Bank, in its capacity as master servicer, and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

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Wells Fargo Bank will have various duties under the PSA. Certain duties and obligations of Wells Fargo Bank are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—General” and “—Enforcement of ‘Due-on-Sale’ and Due-on-Encumbrance’ Provisions”. The ability of the master servicer to waive or modify any terms, fees, penalties or payments on the Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), and the effect of that ability on the potential cash flows from such Mortgage Loans, are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Modifications, Waivers and Amendments”. The master servicer’s obligations as the servicer to make advances, and the interest or other fees charged for those advances and the terms of the master servicer’s recovery of those advances, are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”.

 

Wells Fargo Bank, in its capacity as master servicer, will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the master servicer’s removal, replacement or resignation are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”, “—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events”, “—Rights Upon Servicer Termination Event” and “—Waiver of Servicer Termination Event”. The master servicer’s rights and obligations with respect to indemnification, and certain limitations on the master servicer’s liability under the PSA, are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification” in this prospectus.

 

The Special Servicer

 

LNR Partners, LLC (“LNR Partners”), a Florida limited liability company and a subsidiary of Starwood Property Trust, Inc. (“STWD”), a Maryland corporation, will initially be appointed to act as special servicer for the Mortgage Loans to be deposited into the issuing entity (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan (except as described in this prospectus) and any Excluded Special Servicer Loan). The principal executive offices of LNR Partners are located at 1601 Washington Avenue, Suite 700, Miami Beach, Florida 33139 and its telephone number is (305) 695-5600.

 

STWD through its subsidiaries, affiliates and joint ventures, is involved in the real estate finance, management and development business and engages in, among other activities:

 

acquiring, developing, repositioning, managing and selling commercial and multifamily residential real estate properties,

 

investing in high-yielding real estate-related debt and equity, and

 

investing in, and managing as special servicer, unrated, below investment grade rated and investment grade rated commercial mortgage backed securities.

 

STWD and its affiliates hold and manage over $13 billion of debt and equity commercial real estate investments.

 

LNR Partners and its affiliates have substantial experience in working out loans and in performing the other obligations of the special servicer as more particularly described in the PSA, including, but not limited to, processing borrower requests for lender consent to assumptions, leases, easements, partial releases and expansion and/or redevelopment of the mortgaged properties. LNR Partners and its affiliates have been engaged in the special servicing of commercial real estate assets for over 22 years. The number of commercial mortgage backed securitization pools specially serviced by LNR Partners and its affiliates has increased from 46 in December 1998 to 173 as of September 30, 2018. More

 

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specifically, LNR Partners (and its predecessors in interest) acted as special servicer with respect to:

 

84 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2001, with a then-current face value in excess of $53 billion;

 

101 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2002, with a then-current face value in excess of $67 billion;

 

113 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2003, with a then-current face value in excess of $79 billion;

 

134 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2004, with a then-current face value in excess of $111 billion;

 

142 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2005, with a then-current face value in excess of $148 billion;

 

143 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2006, with a then-current face value in excess of $201 billion;

 

143 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2007 with a then-current face value in excess of $228 billion;

 

138 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2008 with a then-current face value in excess of $210 billion;

 

136 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2009 with a then-current face value in excess of $191 billion;

 

144 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2010 with a then-current face value in excess of $201 billion;

 

140 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2011 with a then-current face value in excess of $176 billion;

 

131 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2012 with a then-current face value in excess of $136 billion;

 

141 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2013 with a then-current face value in excess of $133 billion;

 

152 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2014 with a then-current face value in excess of $135 billion;

 

159 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2015 with a then-current face value in excess of $111 billion; and

 

153 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2016 with a then-current face value in excess of $87 billion.

 

160 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of December 31, 2017 with a then-current face value in excess of $68.9 billion.

 

173 domestic commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as of September 30, 2018 with a then-current face value in excess of $78.6 billion.

 

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As of September 30, 2018, LNR Partners has resolved approximately $75.2 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily loans over the past 22 years, including approximately $1.1 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2001, $1.9 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2002, $1.5 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2003, $2.1 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2004, $2.4 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2005, $0.9 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2006, $1.4 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2007, $1.0 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2008, $1.2 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2009, $7.7 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2010, $10.9 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2011, $11.7 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2012, $6.5 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2013, $6.3 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2014, approximately $6 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans during 2015, approximately $3.9 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans through December 31, 2016, $4.5 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans through December 31, 2017, and approximately $4.1 billion of U.S. commercial and multifamily mortgage loans through September 30, 2018.

 

STWD or one of its affiliates generally seeks CMBS investments where it has the right to appoint LNR Partners as the special servicer. LNR Partners and its affiliates have regional offices located across the country in Florida, Georgia, Massachusetts, California, New York and North Carolina. As of September 30, 2018, LNR Partners and its affiliates specially service a portfolio, which included approximately 5,659 assets across the United States and various international properties with a then-current face value of approximately $78.6 billion, all of which are commercial real estate assets. Those commercial real estate assets include mortgage loans secured by the same types of income producing properties as secure the mortgage loans backing the Certificates. Accordingly, the assets of LNR Partners and its affiliates may, depending upon the particular circumstances, including the nature and location of such assets, compete with the mortgaged real properties securing the underlying mortgage loans for tenants, purchasers, financing and so forth. LNR Partners does not service any assets other than commercial real estate assets.

 

LNR Partners maintains internal and external watch lists, corresponds with master servicers on a monthly basis and conducts overall deal surveillance and shadow servicing. LNR Partners has developed distinct strategies and procedures for working with borrowers on problem loans (caused by delinquencies, bankruptcies or other breaches of the loan documents) designed to maximize value from the assets for the benefit of the certificateholders. These strategies and procedures vary on a case by case basis, and include, but are not limited to, liquidation of the underlying collateral, note sales, discounted payoffs, and borrower negotiation or workout in accordance with the applicable servicing standard. Generally, four basic factors are considered by LNR Partners as part of its analysis and determination of what strategies and procedures to utilize in connection with problem loans. They are (i) the condition and type of mortgaged property, (ii) the borrower, (iii) the jurisdiction in which the mortgaged property is located and (iv) the actual terms, conditions and provisions of the underlying loan documents. After each of these items is evaluated and considered, LNR Partners’ strategy is guided by the servicing standard and all relevant provisions of the applicable pooling and servicing agreement pertaining to specially serviced and REO mortgage loans.

 

LNR Partners has the highest ratings afforded to special servicers by S&P and is rated “CSS1-” by Fitch.

 

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There have not been, during the past three years, any material changes to the policies or procedures of LNR Partners in the servicing function it will perform under the PSA for assets of the same type included in this securitization transaction. LNR Partners has not engaged, and currently does not have any plans to engage, any sub-servicers to perform on its behalf any of its duties with respect to this securitization transaction. LNR Partners does not believe that its financial condition will have any adverse effect on the performance of its duties under the PSA and, accordingly, will not have any material impact on the Mortgage Pool performance or the performance of the Certificates. Generally, LNR Partners’ servicing functions under pooling and servicing agreements do not include collection on the pool assets, however LNR Partners does maintain certain operating accounts with respect to REO mortgage loans in accordance with the terms of the applicable pooling and servicing agreements and consistent with the servicing standard set forth in each of such pooling and servicing agreements. LNR Partners does not have any material advancing obligations with respect to the commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as to which it acts as special servicer. Generally, LNR Partners has the right, but not the obligation, to make property related servicing advances in emergency situations with respect to commercial mortgage backed securitization pools as to which it acts as special servicer.

 

LNR Partners will not have primary responsibility for custody services of original documents evidencing the underlying mortgage loans. On occasion, LNR Partners may have custody of certain of such documents as necessary for enforcement actions involving particular mortgage loans or otherwise. To the extent that LNR Partners has custody of any such documents, such documents will be maintained in a manner consistent with the Servicing Standard.

 

No securitization transaction involving commercial or multifamily mortgage loans in which LNR Partners was acting as special servicer has experienced an event of default as a result of any action or inaction by LNR Partners as special servicer. LNR Partners has not been terminated as servicer in a commercial mortgage loan securitization, either due to a servicing default or to application of a servicing performance test or trigger. In addition, there has been no previous disclosure of material noncompliance with servicing criteria by LNR Partners with respect to any other securitization transaction involving commercial or multifamily mortgage loans in which LNR Partners was acting as special servicer.

 

There are, to the actual current knowledge of LNR Partners, no special or unique factors of a material nature involved in special servicing the particular types of assets included in the subject securitization, as compared to the types of assets specially serviced by LNR Partners in other commercial mortgage backed securitization pools generally, for which LNR Partners has developed processes and procedures which materially differ from the processes and procedures employed by LNR Partners in connection with its special servicing of commercial mortgaged backed securitization pools generally.

 

There are currently no legal proceedings pending, and no legal proceedings known to be contemplated, by governmental authorities, against LNR Partners or of which any of its property is the subject, that are material to the Certificateholders.

 

In the commercial mortgage backed securitizations in which LNR Partners acts as special servicer, LNR Partners may enter into one or more arrangements with any party entitled to appoint or remove and replace the special servicer to provide for a discount and/or revenue sharing with respect to certain of the special servicer compensation in consideration of, among other things, LNR Partners’ appointment as special servicer under the applicable servicing agreement and limitations on such person’s right to replace LNR Partners as the special servicer.

 

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LNR Partners is not an affiliate of the depositor, the underwriters, the issuing entity, the master servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, any sponsor, any originator or any significant obligor.

 

Except as disclosed in this prospectus and except for LNR Partners acting as special servicer for this securitization transaction, under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA and being expected to act as special servicer under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA, there are no specific relationships that are material involving or relating to this securitization transaction or the Mortgage Loans between LNR Partners or any of its affiliates, on the one hand, and the issuing entity, the sponsors, the trustee, the certificate administrator, any originator, any significant obligor, the master servicer, the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer, on the other hand, that currently exist or that existed during the past two years. In addition, other than as disclosed in this prospectus, there are no business relationships, agreements, arrangements, transactions or understandings that have been entered into outside the ordinary course of business or on terms other than would be obtained in an arm’s length transaction with an unrelated third party – apart from this securitization transaction – between LNR Partners or any of its affiliates, on the one hand, and the issuing entity, the sponsors, the trustee, the certificate administrator, any originator, any significant obligor, the master servicer, the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer, on the other hand, that currently exist or that existed during the past two years and that are material to an investor’s understanding of the certificates.

 

LNR Partners assisted Argentic Securities Holdings Cayman Limited (or its affiliate), which is expected to purchase the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR and Class V certificates and Argentic Securities Income USA LLC or an affiliate is expected to be appointed as the initial directing certificateholder, with due diligence relating to the mortgage loans to be included in the mortgage pool.

 

Except for fees and additional special servicing compensation under the PSA, neither LNR Partners nor any of its affiliates intends to retain any economic interest in this securitization as of the Closing Date, including without limitation any certificates issued by the issuing entity. However, each of LNR Partners and its affiliates will be entitled at their discretion to acquire certificates issued by the issuing entity, and in each such case will have the right to dispose of any such certificates at any time

 

The information set forth under this sub-heading “The Special Servicer” has been provided by LNR Partners.

 

The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer

 

Pentalpha Surveillance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Pentalpha Surveillance“), will act as the operating advisor under the PSA with respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans). The operating advisor will have certain review and consultation duties with respect to activities of the special servicers. Pentalpha Surveillance will also be serving as the asset representations reviewer under the PSA. The asset representations reviewer will be required to review certain delinquent mortgage loans after a specified delinquency threshold has been exceeded and upon notification from the certificate administrator that the required percentage of Certificateholders have voted to direct a review of such delinquent Mortgage Loans.

 

The principal office of Pentalpha Surveillance is located at Two Greenwich Office Park Greenwich, Connecticut 06831.

 

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Pentalpha Surveillance is a privately held firm founded in 2005 that is primarily dedicated to providing independent oversight of loan securitization trusts’ ongoing operations. Pentalpha Surveillance and its affiliates have been engaged by individual securitization trusts, financial institutions, institutional investors as well as agencies of the U.S. Government. Pentalpha Surveillance’s platform includes proprietary compliance checking software and a team of industry operations veterans focused on loan origination and servicing oversight, with engagements in surveillance, valuation, collections optimization, representation and warranty settlements, derivative contract errors, litigation support and expert testimony as well as other advisory assignments.

 

As of September 30, 2018, Pentalpha Surveillance was acting as operating advisor or trust advisor for 153 commercial mortgage-backed securitizations with an approximate aggregate initial principal balance of approximately $148 billion. As of September 30, 2018, Pentalpha Surveillance was acting as asset representations reviewer for 48 commercial mortgage-backed securitizations with an approximate aggregate initial principal balance of approximately $44 billion.

 

Pentalpha Surveillance has not been operating advisor on a transaction for which any Rating Agency has qualified, downgraded or withdrawn its rating or ratings of, one or more classes of certificates for such transaction citing servicing concerns with the operating advisor as the sole or a material factor in such rating action.

 

Pentalpha Surveillance is not an affiliate of the issuing entity, the depositor, the sponsors, the mortgage loan sellers, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer, the directing certificateholder, any “originators” (within the meaning of Item 1110 of Regulation AB) or any “significant obligor” (within the meaning of Item 1112 of Regulation AB) with respect to the Trust.

 

Pentalpha Surveillance satisfies each of the standards of “Eligible Operating Advisor” set forth in “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor—Eligibility of Operating Advisor”. Pentalpha Surveillance: (a) is an operating advisor on other CMBS transactions rated by any of Moody’s, Fitch, KBRA, S&P, DBRS and/or Morningstar and none of those rating agencies has qualified, downgraded or withdrawn any of its rating or ratings of one or more classes of certificates for any such transaction citing concerns with Pentalpha Surveillance as the sole or material factor in such rating action; (b) (x) has been regularly engaged in the business of analyzing and advising clients in commercial mortgage-backed securities matters and has at least five years of experience in collateral analysis and loss projections, and (y) has at least five years of experience in commercial real estate asset management and experience in the workout and management of distressed commercial real estate assets; (c) can and is making the representations and warranties as operating advisor set forth in the PSA; (d) is not (and is not affiliated with) the depositor, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer, any mortgage loan seller, the Directing Certificateholder, or a depositor, trustee, certificate administrator, master servicer, or special servicer with respect to the securitization of any Companion Loan or any of their respective affiliates; (e) has not been paid by the special servicer or any successor special servicer any fees, compensation or other remuneration (x) in respect of its obligations under the PSA or (y) for the recommendation of the replacement of the special servicer or the appointment of a successor special servicer to become the special servicer; and (f) does not directly or indirectly, through one or more affiliates or otherwise, own any interest in any certificates, any Mortgage Loans, any Companion Loan or any securities backed by a Companion Loan or otherwise have any financial interest in the securitization transaction to which the PSA relates, other than its fees from its role as operating advisor and asset representations reviewer.

 

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In addition, Pentalpha Surveillance believes that its financial condition will not have any material adverse effect on the performance of its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.

 

There are no legal proceedings pending against Pentalpha Surveillance, or to which any property of Pentalpha Surveillance is subject, that are material to the Certificateholders, nor does Pentalpha Surveillance have actual knowledge of any proceedings of this type contemplated by governmental authorities.

 

The foregoing information under this heading “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer” has been provided by Pentalpha Surveillance LLC.

 

Neither Pentalpha Surveillance LLC nor any of its affiliates will retain any certificates issued by the issuing entity or any other economic interest in this securitization.

 

For a description of any material affiliations, relationships and related transactions between the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer and the other transaction parties, see “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties” in this prospectus.

 

The operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer will only be liable under the PSA to the extent of the obligations specifically imposed by the PSA, and no implied duties or obligations may be asserted against the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer. For further information regarding the duties, responsibilities, rights and obligations of the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer, as the case may be, under the PSA, including those related to indemnification, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor”, “—The Asset Representations Reviewer” and “—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”. Certain terms of the PSA regarding the operating advisor’s or asset representations reviewer’s, as the case may be, removal, replacement, resignation or transfer are described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor” and “—The Asset Representations Reviewer” in this prospectus.

 

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Credit Risk Retention

 

General

 

This transaction is required to comply with the risk retention requirements of Section 15G of the Exchange Act (the “Credit Risk Retention Rules”) as they relate to commercial mortgage-backed securities. Argentic will act as the “retaining sponsor” (as defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules, the “Retaining Sponsor”), and is expected to satisfy its risk retention requirement initially through the purchase by its “majority-owned affiliate” (as defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules and referred to herein as the “Retaining Party“), which is expected to be Argentic Securities Holdings Cayman Limited, an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability, of the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates (collectively, the “Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates”), with an aggregate initial Certificate Balance of approximately $79,690,944 and representing approximately 5.03% (the “Horizontal Risk Retention Percentage”) of the aggregate fair value of the certificates (other than the Class R certificates) as of the Closing Date, determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP“). The Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates will constitute an “eligible horizontal residual interest” (as such term is defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules).

 

While the Retaining Sponsor will initially satisfy its risk retention requirements through the purchase by the Retaining Party of the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor is permitted under the Credit Risk Retention Rules under certain circumstances to transfer the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates to a “third-party purchaser” (as defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules) (any such party, a “Third-Party Purchaser“) at any time on or after December 20, 2023. Any such transfer will be subject to the satisfaction of all applicable provisions under the Credit Risk Retention Rules. See “—Hedging, Transfer and Financing Restrictions” below.

 

The Horizontal Risk Retention Percentage, as noted in the second preceding paragraph, will equal at least 5.0% of the aggregate fair value of all the certificates (other than the Class R certificates) as of the Closing Date.

 

None of the sponsors, the depositor or any other party to the transaction intends to retain a material net economic interest in the securitization constituted by the issue of the offered certificates in accordance with the EU Risk Retention and Due Diligence Requirements or to take any other action which may be required by EEA-regulated investors for the purposes of their compliance with the EU Risk Retention and Due Diligence requirements or similar requirements. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Legal and Regulatory Provisions Affecting Investors Could Adversely Affect the Liquidity of the Offered Certificates”.

 

Notwithstanding any references in this prospectus to the Credit Risk Retention Rules, the Retaining Sponsor, the Retaining Party and other risk retention related matters, in the event the Credit Risk Retention Rules (or any relevant portion thereof) are repealed or determined by applicable regulatory agencies to be no longer applicable to this securitization transaction, none of the Retaining Sponsor, the Retaining Party or any other party will be required to comply with or act in accordance with the Credit Risk Retention Rules (or such relevant portion thereof).

 

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Qualifying CRE Loans

 

The Retaining Sponsor has determined that 0.0% of the Initial Pool Balance (the “Qualifying CRE Loan Percentage”) is comprised of mortgage loans that are “qualifying CRE loans” as such term is described in §___.17 of the Credit Risk Retention Rules.

 

The total required credit risk retention percentage (the “Required Credit Risk Retention Percentage”) for this transaction is 5.0%. The Required Credit Risk Retention Percentage is equal to the product of (i) 1 minus the Qualifying CRE Loan Percentage (expressed as a decimal) and (ii) 5%; subject to a minimum Required Credit Risk Retention Percentage of no less than 2.50% if the issuing entity includes any non-qualifying CRE loans.

 

Retaining Party

 

It is anticipated that on the closing date, Argentic Securities Holdings Cayman Limited, an exempted company incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability (“ASH“), a majority-owned affiliate of Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC (the “Retaining Sponsor“), a Delaware limited company will purchase for cash the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR Certificates.

 

ASH was formed primarily to invest in junior tranches of commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS B-piece Securities“). As of September 30, 2018, ASH and its subsidiaries have made 12 purchases of CMBS B-piece Securities.

 

ASH is managed by Argentic Investment Management LLC (“Argentic Investment Management“). Argentic Investment Management is an experienced commercial real estate debt investor. Certain senior members of Argentic Investment Management’s real estate credit team have over 20 years of CMBS experience as of September 30, 2018. Investment vehicles managed by Argentic Investment Management have made investments in fixed and floating rate whole loans, subordinate debt, preferred equity and commercial mortgage-backed securities.

 

ASH and Argentic Investment Management are affiliates of the Retaining Sponsor, which is a sponsor, a mortgage loan seller and an originator.

 

Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates

 

General

 

The Retaining Party is expected to purchase the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates, consisting of the classes of certificates identified in the table below.

 

Class of Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates 

 

Expected Initial
Certificate
Balance 

 

Estimated Fair Value of
the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates
(in $ and %)(1) 

 

Expected Purchase Price(2) 

Class E-RR   $ 14,018,000(3)   $7,549,819 / 0.88% - 0.95%(3)   53.858%
Class F-RR   $ 20,848,000      $11,228,322 / 1.29% - 1.34%   53.858%
Class G-RR   $   9,382,000      $5,052,960 / 0.58% - 0.60%   53.858%
Class H-RR   $ 35,442,944      $19,088,872 / 2.20% - 2.28%   53.858%

 

 

(1)The estimated fair value (expressed as a dollar amount) and estimated range of fair value (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate fair value of all of the certificates (other than the Class R Certificates)) of the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates. The fair value of the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates is not subject to a range and has been determined as described under “—Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates”. The fair value of the other Certificates is unknown and has been determined by the Retaining Sponsor as described under “—Determination of Amount of Required Horizontal Credit Risk Retention” below.

 

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(2)Expressed as a percentage of the expected initial Certificate Balance of each class of the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates, excluding accrued interest. The aggregate purchase price expected to be paid for the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates to be acquired by the Retaining Party is approximately $42,919,973, excluding accrued interest.

 

(3)The approximate initial Certificate Balance of the Class E-RR certificates is estimated based in part on the estimated ranges of Certificate Balances and estimated fair values described herein under “Credit Risk Retention”. The Class E-RR certificates are expected to have an initial Certificate Balance that falls within a range of $14,018,000 and $15,219,000. The Class E-RR certificates are expected to have an estimated fair value that falls within a range of $7,549,819 and $8,196,654.

 

The aggregate fair value of the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates is expected to be equal to or above 5.0% of the aggregate fair value, as of the Closing Date, of all of the certificates (other than the Class R certificates). The Retaining Sponsor estimates that, relying solely on retaining an “eligible horizontal residual interest” in order to meet the credit risk retention requirements of the Credit Risk Retention Rules with respect to this securitization transaction, it is required to retain an eligible horizontal residual interest with an aggregate fair value dollar amount of between $41,848,207 and $43,363,488, representing at least 5% of the aggregate fair value, as of the Closing Date, of all of the certificates (other than the Class R certificates).

 

A reasonable time after the Closing Date, the Retaining Sponsor will be required to disclose to, or cause to be disclosed to, Certificateholders the following: (a) the fair value of the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates that will be retained by the Retaining Party based on actual sale prices and finalized tranche sizes, (b) the fair value of the “eligible horizontal residual interest” (as such term is defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules) that the Retaining Sponsor would have been required to retain under the Credit Risk Retention Rules, and (c) to the extent the valuation methodology or any of the key inputs and assumptions that were used in calculating the fair value or range of fair values disclosed below under the heading “—Determination of Amount of Required Horizontal Credit Risk Retention” prior to the pricing of the certificates materially differs from the methodology or key inputs and assumptions used to calculate the fair value at the time of the Closing Date, descriptions of those material differences. Any such notice from the Retaining Sponsor of such disclosures are expected to be posted upon receipt by the certificate administrator on the certificate administrator’s website on the “Risk Retention” tab.

 

Material Terms of the Eligible Horizontal Residual Interest

 

On any Distribution Date, the aggregate amount available for distributions from the Mortgage Loans, net of specified servicing and administrative costs and expenses, will be distributed to the certificates in sequential order in accordance with their respective principal and interest entitlements (beginning with the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates), in each case as set forth under “Description of the Certificates—Available Funds—Priority of Distributions”. On any Distribution Date, Realized Losses on the Mortgage Loans will be allocated first, to the Class H-RR certificates, second, to the Class G-RR certificates, third, to the Class F-RR certificates, fourth, to the Class E-RR certificates, fifth, to the Class D certificates, sixth, to the Class C certificates, seventh, to the Class B certificates, eighth, to the Class A-S certificates, and finally, pro rata based on their respective Certificate Balances, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, in each case until the Certificate Balance of that class has been reduced to zero. See “Description of the Certificates—Available Funds—Priority of Distributions” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Certificateholder”.

 

For a description of other material payment terms of the Classes of Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates identified in the table above in “—General”, see “Description of the Certificates”.

 

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Determination of Amount of Required Horizontal Credit Risk Retention

 

General

 

CMBS such as the Principal Balance Certificates are typically priced based relative to either the swap yield curve or to a targeted yield. The method of pricing used is primarily a function of the rating, but can also be determined by prevailing market conditions or investor preference. For this transaction, the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-S, Class B, Class C and Class D certificates (the “Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates”) are anticipated to be priced based on the swap yield curve, and the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates (the “Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates”) are anticipated to be priced based on a targeted yield. The Retaining Sponsor calculated the expected scheduled principal payments (the “Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments”) on each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates and each class of Yield Priced Principal Balance Certificates as described below. CMBS such as the Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates (the “Interest-Only Certificates”) are typically priced relative to the treasury yield curve. The Retaining Sponsor made its determination of the fair value of the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates and the Interest-Only Certificates based on a number of inputs and assumptions consistent with these typical pricing methodologies in the manner described below for the applicable class of Certificates. It should be noted in reviewing the fair value discussion below, that certain of the inputs and assumptions, such as yields, credit spreads, prices and coupons, are not directionally correlated. Variations from the base case in the direction of the high or low estimates will not necessarily occur in the same manner, in the same direction or to the same degree for each applicable input or assumption at any given point in time or as a result of any particular market condition. For example, with respect to any particular class of certificates, swap yields may widen in the direction of the high estimate provided, while credit spreads may tighten in the direction of the low estimate provided.

 

Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates

 

Based on the Structuring Assumptions and assuming a 0% CPR prepayment rate, the Retaining Sponsor calculated what the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments on each Class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates would be over the course of this securitization based on when principal payments were required to be made under the terms of the underlying mortgage loan documents during each Collection Period and which classes of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates would be entitled to receive principal payments based on the certificate payment priorities described in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”. On the basis of the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments, the Retaining Sponsor calculated the weighted average life for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates.

 

Swap Yield Curve

 

The Retaining Sponsor utilized the assumed swap yield curve in the table below in determining the range of estimated fair values of the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates. The actual swap yield curve that will be used as a basis for determining the price of the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates is not known at this time and differences in the swap yield curve will ultimately result in higher or lower fair value calculations. For an expected range of values at specified points along the swap yield curve, see the table below titled “Range of Swap Yields for the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates”. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below at each maturity on the swap yield curve, which represents the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest increase or decrease in the swap yield at that maturity reasonably expected to

 

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occur prior to pricing of the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates, based on 10 business day rolling periods over the past 6 months.

 

Range of Swap Yields for the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates

 

Tenor 

 

Low Estimate of
Swap Yield 

 

Base Case
Swap Yield 

 

High Estimate of
Swap Yield 

2YR   2.867%   3.010%   3.247%
3YR   2.858%   3.030%   3.288%
4YR   2.855%   3.028%   3.282%
5YR   2.847%   3.032%   3.278%
6YR   2.868%   3.043%   3.281%
7YR   2.876%   3.056%   3.286%
8YR   2.905%   3.074%   3.295%
9YR   2.926%   3.092%   3.303%
10YR   2.942%   3.112%   3.318%

 

Based on the swap yield curve, the Retaining Sponsor will determine for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates the swap yield reflected on the swap yield curve (the “Interpolated Yield”) that corresponds to that class’s weighted average life, by using a linear interpolation using the swap yield curve with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 year maturities if the weighted average life does not correspond to a specified maturity on the swap yield curve.

 

Credit Spread Determination

 

The Retaining Sponsor determined the credit spread for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates on the basis of market bids obtained for similar CMBS with similar credit ratings, pool composition and asset quality, payment priority and weighted average lives of the related class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates as of the date of this prospectus. The actual credit spread for a particular class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates at the time of pricing is not known at this time and differences in the then-current credit spread demanded by investors for similar CMBS will ultimately result in higher or lower fair values. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below from the base case credit spread percentage, which represents the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest increase or decrease in the credit spread for newly issued CMBS reasonably expected to occur prior to pricing of the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates based on the Retaining Sponsor’s observation and experience in the placement of CMBS with similar characteristics.

 

Range of Credit Spreads for the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates

 

Class of Certificates 

 

Low Estimate of
Credit Spread 

 

Base Case
Credit Spread 

 

High Estimate of
Credit Spread 

Class A-1   0.25%   0.30%   0.35%
Class A-2   0.45%   0.55%   0.65%
Class A-3   0.87%   0.92%   0.97%
Class A-SB   0.75%   0.80%   0.80%
Class A-4   0.88%   0.93%   0.98%
Class A-5   0.90%   0.95%   1.00%
Class A-S   1.10%   1.20%   1.30%
Class B   1.35%   1.45%   1.65%
Class C   1.85%   1.95%   2.25%
Class D   2.50%   2.70%   3.00%

 

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Discount Yield Determination

 

The discount yield (the “Discount Yield”) for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates is the sum of the Interpolated Yield for such class and the related credit spread established at pricing. For an expected range of estimated values for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates, see the table titled “Range of Discount Yields for the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates” below. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below for each such class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates as the range from (i) the sum of the lowest estimated Interpolated Yield for that class and the lowest estimated credit spread to (ii) the sum of the highest estimated Interpolated Yield for that class and the highest estimated credit spread.

 

Range of Discount Yields for the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates

 

Class of Certificates 

 

Low Estimate of Discount Yield 

 

Base Case
Discount Yield 

 

High Estimate of Discount Yield 

Class A-1   3.1136%   3.3175%   3.6123%
Class A-2   3.2994%   3.5808%   3.9292%
Class A-3   3.7452%   3.9747%   4.2555%
Class A-SB   3.6317%   3.8595%   4.0878%
Class A-4   3.8173%   4.0361%   4.2936%
Class A-5   3.8404%   4.0600%   4.3165%
Class A-S   4.0418%   4.3117%   4.6178%
Class B   4.2918%   4.5617%   4.9678%
Class C   4.7918%   5.0617%   5.5678%
Class D   5.4418%   5.8117%   6.3178%

 

Determination of Class Sizes

 

The Retaining Sponsor was provided credit support levels for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates by each Rating Agency. A credit support level for a particular class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates reflects the Rating Agency’s assessment of the aggregate principal balance of Principal Balance Certificates that would be required to be subordinate to that class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates in order to satisfy that Rating Agency’s internal ratings criteria to permit it to issue a particular credit rating. Based on the individual credit support levels (expressed as a percentage) provided by the Rating Agencies, or a stipulation by the b-piece buyer, if applicable, the Retaining Sponsor determined the highest required credit support level of the Rating Agencies selected to rate a particular class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates, or of the b-piece buyer, if applicable (the “Constraining Level”). In certain circumstances the Retaining Sponsor may have elected not to engage an NRSRO for particular Classes of Principal Balance Certificates, based in part on the credit support levels provided by that NRSRO. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations May Assign Different Ratings to the Certificates; Ratings of the Certificates Reflect Only the Views of the Applicable Rating Agencies as of the Dates Such Ratings Were Issued; Ratings May Affect ERISA Eligibility; Ratings May Be Downgraded. The aggregate Certificate Balance for the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 Certificates was determined by multiplying the Initial Pool Balance by a percentage equal to 1.0 minus 0.30. The Certificate Balance for the Class A-S certificates was determined by multiplying the Initial Pool Balance by a percentage equal to 1.0 minus such class’s Constraining Level, minus the percentage of the Initial Pool Balance represented by the aggregate Certificate Balances of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 Certificates. For each other subordinate class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates, that class’s Certificate Balance was determined by multiplying the

 

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Initial Pool Balance by a percentage equal to the difference between the Constraining Level for the immediately senior class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates and such subordinate class’s Constraining Level.

 

Target Price Determination

 

The Retaining Sponsor determined a target price (the “Target Price”) for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates (other than the Class D Certificates) on the basis of the price (expressed as a percentage of the certificate balance of that class) that similar CMBS with similar credit ratings, similar average lives, cash flow profiles and prepayment risk have priced at in recent securitization transactions. The Target Price was utilized for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates is set forth in the table below. The Target Prices utilized by the Retaining Sponsor have not changed materially during the prior year.

 

Class of Certificates 

 

Target Price 

Class A-1   100%
Class A-2   103%
Class A-3   101%
Class A-SB   103%
Class A-4   101%
Class A-5   103%
Class A-S   103%
Class B(1)       103%(1)
Class C(1)       103%(1)

 

 

(1)The Target Price may not be realized for the Class B or Class C Certificates if such class accrues interest at the WAC Rate.

 

Determination of Assumed Certificate Coupon

 

Based on the Target Price, the Discount Yield and the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the assumed certificate coupon (the “Assumed Certificate Coupon”) by calculating what coupon would be required to be used based on the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments for such class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates in order to achieve the related Target Price for that class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates when utilizing the related Discount Yield in determining that Target Price. With respect to the Class D Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the Assumed Certificate Coupon to be 3.000%, which was set based on expected market demand for the Class D and Class X-D Certificates. The Assumed Certificate Coupon for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates and Range of Assumed Certificate Coupons generated as a result of the estimated range of Discount Yields as of the Closing Date is set forth in the table below.

 

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Range of Assumed Certificate Coupons for the Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates

 

Class of Certificates 

 

Low Estimate of Assumed Certificate Coupon 

 

Base Case
Assumed Certificate Coupon 

 

High Estimate of Assumed Certificate Coupon 

Class A-1   3.147%   3.352%   3.648%
Class A-2   4.001%   4.286%   4.638%
Class A-3   3.905%   4.134%   4.414%
Class A-SB   4.105%   4.335%   4.565%
Class A-4   3.929%   4.147%   4.403%
Class A-5   4.194%   4.415%   4.673%
Class A-S   4.393%   4.665%   4.972%
Class B   4.645%   4.916%      5.121%(1)
Class C    5.117%(2)      5.121%(1)      5.121%(1)
Class D   3.000%   3.000%    3.000%

 

 

(1)       Expected to accrue interest at the WAC Rate.

 

(2)       Expected to accrue interest at the lesser of (i) the fixed rate in the table and (ii) the WAC Rate.

 

Determination of Swap-Priced Expected Price

 

Based on the Assumed Certificate Coupons, the Discount Yield and the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments for each class of Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the price (the “Swap-Priced Expected Price”) expressed as a percent of the certificate balance of that class by determining the net present value of the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments and interest accruing at the related Assumed Certificate Coupon discounted at the related Discount Yield.

 

Interest-Only Certificates

 

Based on the Structuring Assumptions and assuming a 100% CPY prepayment rate, the Retaining Sponsor calculated what the expected scheduled interest payments on each class of Interest-Only Certificates would be over the course of the transaction (for each class of certificates, the “Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments”) based on what the Notional Amount of the related class of Interest-Only Certificates would be during each Collection Period as a result of the application of the expected principal payments during such Collection Period under the terms of the underlying Mortgage Loan documents and the payment priorities described in “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”. On the basis of the periodic reduction in the Notional Amount of each Class of Interest-Only Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor calculated the weighted average life for each such class of Interest-Only Certificates.

 

Treasury Yield Curve

 

The Retaining Sponsor utilized the assumed treasury yield curve in the table below in determining the range of estimated fair value for the Interest-Only Certificates. The actual treasury yield curve that will be used as a basis for determining the price of the Interest-Only Certificates is not known at this time and differences in the treasury yield curve will ultimately result in higher or lower fair value calculations. For an expected range of values at specified points along the treasury yield curve, see the table below titled “Range of Treasury Yield Curve Values”. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below at each maturity on the treasury yield curve, which represents the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest increase or decrease in the treasury yield at that maturity

 

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reasonably expected to occur prior to pricing of the Interest-Only Certificates, based on 10 business day rolling periods over the past 6 months.

 

Range of Treasury Yield Curve Values

 

Tenor 

 

Low Estimate of Treasury Yield 

 

Base Case Treasury Yield 

 

High Estimate of Treasury Yield 

7YR   2.792%   2.983%   3.190%
10YR   2.892%   3.067%   3.257%

 

Based on the treasury yield curve, the Retaining Sponsor will determine for each class of Interest-Only Certificates the yield reflected on the treasury yield curve (the “Interpolated Yield”) that corresponds to that class’s weighted average life, by using a linear interpolation using treasury yield curves with 7 and 10 year maturity if the weighted average life does not correspond to a specified maturity on the treasury yield curve.

 

Credit Spread Determination

 

The Retaining Sponsor determined the credit spread for each class of Interest-Only Certificates on the basis of market bids obtained for similar CMBS with similar credit ratings, pool composition and asset quality, payment priority and weighted average lives of such class of Interest-Only Certificates as of the date of this prospectus. The actual credit spread for a particular class of Interest-Only Certificates at the time of pricing is not known at this time and differences in the then-current credit spread demanded by investors for similar CMBS will ultimately result in higher or lower fair values. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below from the base case credit spread percentage, which is the Retaining Sponsor’s estimate of the largest increase or decrease in the credit spread for newly issued CMBS reasonably expected to occur prior to pricing of the Certificates based on the Retaining Sponsor’s experience in the placement of CMBS with similar characteristics.

 

Range of Credit Spreads for the Interest-Only Certificates

 

Class of Certificates 

 

Low Estimate of
Credit Spread 

 

Base Case
Credit Spread 

 

High Estimate of
Credit Spread 

Class X-A   1.10%   1.35%   1.60%
Class X-B   1.10%   1.35%   1.60%
Class X-D   1.75%   1.90%   2.25%

 

Discount Yield Determination

 

Discount Yield for each class of Interest-Only Certificates is the sum of the Interpolated Yield for such class and the related credit spread. For an expected range of values for each class of Interest-Only Certificates, see the table titled “Range of Discount Yields for the Interest-Only Certificates” below. The Retaining Sponsor identified the range presented in the table below for each such class of certificates as the range from (i) the sum of the lowest estimated Interpolated Yield for that class and the lowest estimated credit spread to (ii) the sum of the highest estimated Interpolated Yield for that class and the highest estimated credit spread.

 

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Range of Discount Yields for the Interest-Only Certificates

 

Class of Certificates 

 

Low Estimate of Discount Yield 

 

Base Case
Discount Yield 

 

High Estimate of Discount Yield 

Class X-A   3.9485%   4.3805%   4.8279%
Class X-B   3.9832%   4.4096%   4.8511%
Class X-D   4.6332%   4.9596%   5.5011%

 

Determination of Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments

 

Based on the range of Assumed Certificate Coupons determined for the Principal Balance Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the range of Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments for each scenario for each Class of Interest-Only Certificates based on the difference between the WAC Rate in effect from time to time, over the weighted average of the Pass-Through Rate(s) of the underlying Class(es) of Principal Balance Certificates upon which the Notional Amount of such Class of Interest-Only Certificates is based.

 

Determination of Interest-Only Expected Price

 

Based on the Discount Yield and the Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments for each class of Interest-Only Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the price (the “Interest-Only Expected Price”) expressed as a percent of the Notional Amount of that class by determining the net present value of the Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments discounted at the related Discount Yield. The Retaining Sponsor determined the Interest-Only Expected Price for each class of Interest-Only Certificates based on the low estimate and high estimate of Assumed Certificate Coupons. The lower the Assumed Certificate Coupon for the Principal Balance Certificates, the higher the corresponding Interest-Only Expected Price for a class of certificates will be, therefore, the low range of estimated fair values of the Interest-Only Certificates will correspond to the high range of the estimate of Assumed Certificate Coupons for the Principal Balance Certificates and correspondingly, the high range of estimated fair values of the Interest-Only Certificates will correspond to the low range of the estimate of Assumed Certificate Coupons for the Principal Balance Certificates.

 

Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates

 

The Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates are anticipated to be acquired by the Retaining Party based on a targeted discount yield of 14.0513% (inclusive of agreed upon price adjustments, if applicable) for each class of Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates, an Assumed Certificate Coupon equal to the WAC Rate for each class of Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates, the Structuring Assumptions and 0% CPY, each as agreed to among the sponsors and the Retaining Party.

 

Determination of Class Size

 

The Retaining Sponsor determined the Certificate Balance of each class of Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates in the same manner described above under “—Determination of Amount of Required Horizontal Credit Risk Retention—Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates—Determination of Class Sizes”.

 

Determination of Yield-Priced Expected Price

 

Based on the Assumed Certificate Coupons, the targeted discount yield and the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments for each class of Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates, the Retaining Sponsor determined the price (the “Yield-Priced Expected Price”)

 

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expressed as a percent of the Certificate Balance of that class by determining the net present value of the Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments and interest accruing at the related Assumed Certificate Coupon discounted at the related Discount Yield.

 

Calculation of Fair Value

 

Based on the Swap-Priced Expected Prices, the Interest-Only Expected Prices and the Yield-Priced Expected Prices, as applicable, the Retaining Sponsor determined the estimated fair value of each class of certificates by multiplying the range of the Swap-Priced Expected Prices, the Interest-Only Expected Prices and the Yield-Priced Expected Prices, as applicable, by the related Certificate Balance or Notional Amount. The Retaining Sponsor determined the range of estimated fair values for each class of certificates based on the low estimate and high estimate of expected prices.

 

Range of Fair Value

 

Class of Certificates  Low Estimate of Fair Value (Based on High Estimate of Discount Yield)   Base Case Fair Value   High Estimate of Fair Value (Based on Low Estimate of Discount Yield) 
Class A-1  $18,489,760   $18,489,768   $18,489,692 
Class A-2  $37,522,803   $37,522,893   $37,522,452 
Class A-3  $24,004,348   $24,003,838   $24,003,535 
Class A-SB  $33,694,095   $33,694,095   $33,693,636 
Class A-4(1)  $201,996,668   $201,996,964   $201,993,185 
Class A-5(1)  $280,521,978   $280,520,576   $280,520,182 
Class X-A  $26,941,367   $38,293,973   $48,444,957 
Class X-B  $1,102,294   $3,512,012   $6,061,312 
Class A-S  $61,196,033   $61,198,382   $61,195,700 
Class B  $41,505,647   $41,871,535   $41,872,300 
Class C  $37,616,952   $39,095,709   $39,633,765 
Class D(2)  $24,164,208   $25,184,399   $24,983,247 
Class X-D(2)  $5,288,015   $5,416,535   $5,288,989 
Class E-RR(3)  $7,549,819   $7,549,819   $8,196,654 
Class F-RR  $11,228,322   $11,228,322   $11,228,322 
Class G-RR  $5,052,960   $5,052,960   $5,052,960 
Class H-RR  $19,088,872   $19,088,872   $19,088,872 
Class V  $0   $0   $0 

 

 

(1)The approximate initial Certificate Balances of the Class A-4 and Class A-5 Certificates are unknown and will be determined based on the final pricing of those Classes of Certificates. However, the initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 Certificates is expected to be within a range of $100,000,000 and $230,000,000, and the initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates is expected to be within a range of $242,352,000 and $372,352,000. The aggregate initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 and Class A-5 Certificates is expected to be approximately $472,352,000, subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%. For purposes of providing the range of estimated fair values for the certificates in the table above, the Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 Certificates is assumed to be $200,000,000 and the Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates is assumed to be $272,352,000.

 

(2)The approximate initial Certificate Balance of the Class D Certificates is estimated based in part on the estimated ranges of Certificate Balances and estimated fair values described under this “Credit Risk Retention” section. The initial Certificate Balance of the Class D certificates is expected to fall within a range of $30,647,000 and $31,848,000, with the ultimate Certificate Balance determined such that the aggregate fair value of the Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates will equal at least 5% of the estimated fair value of all the certificates (other than the Class R certificates). Any variation in the initial certificate balance of the Class D certificates would affect the initial Notional Amount of the Class X-D certificates.

 

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(3)The approximate initial Certificate Balance of the Class E-RR Certificates is estimated based in part on the estimated ranges of Certificate Balances and estimated fair values described under this “Credit Risk Retention” section. The initial Certificate Balance of the Class E-RR certificates is expected to fall within a range of $14,018,000 and $15,219,000, with the ultimate Certificate Balance determined such that the aggregate fair value of the Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates will equal at least 5% of the estimated fair value of all the certificates (other than the Class R certificates).

 

The estimated range of fair values for all the Certificates is approximately $836,964,140 to $867,269,763.

 

Hedging, Transfer and Financing Restrictions

 

The Retaining Party will be required to comply with the hedging, transfer and financing restrictions applicable to a “retaining sponsor” under the Credit Risk Retention Rules.

 

These restrictions will include an agreement by the Retaining Party not to transfer the Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates (except to a majority-owned affiliate) until December 20, 2023. On and after that date, the Retaining Party may transfer the eligible horizontal residual interest to a Third-Party Purchaser as long as the Retaining Party satisfies all applicable provisions of the Credit Risk Retention Rules, including providing the sponsors with complete identifying information for the Third-Party Purchaser and the Third-Party Purchaser agreeing to comply with the hedging, transfer, financing and other restrictions applicable to subsequent third-party purchasers (and their affiliates) under the Credit Risk Retention Rules.

 

The restrictions on hedging and transfer under the Credit Risk Retention Rules as in effect on the Closing Date of this transaction will expire on and after the date that is the latest of (i) the date on which the aggregate principal balance of the Mortgage Loans has been reduced to 33% of the aggregate principal balance of the Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date; (ii) the date on which the total unpaid principal obligations under the certificates has been reduced to 33% of the aggregate total unpaid principal obligations under the certificates as of the Closing Date; or (iii) two years after the Closing Date.

 

Operating Advisor

 

The operating advisor for the transaction is Pentalpha Surveillance LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. As described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor”, the operating advisor will, in general and under certain circumstances described in this prospectus, have the following responsibilities with respect to the Mortgage Loans:

 

review the actions of the special servicer with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan to the extent set forth in the PSA;

 

review reports provided by the special servicer to the extent set forth in the PSA;

 

review for accuracy certain calculations made by the special servicer to the extent set forth in the PSA; and

 

issue an annual report generally (if any Mortgage Loan was a Specially Serviced Loan at any time during the prior calendar year or if an Operating Advisor Consultation Event occurred during the prior calendar year) setting forth whether the operating advisor believes, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that the special servicer is operating in compliance with the Servicing Standard with respect to its performance of its duties under the PSA with respect to Specially Serviced Loans.

 

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In addition, if the operating advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that (1) the special servicer has failed to comply with the Servicing Standard and (2) a replacement of the special servicer would be in the best interest of the Certificateholders (as a collective whole), the operating advisor will have the right at any time to recommend the replacement of the special servicer with respect to the Mortgage Loans. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor—Recommendation of the Replacement of the Special Servicer” and “—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause”.

 

Further, after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, the operating advisor will be required to consult on a non-binding basis with the special servicer with respect to Asset Status Reports prepared for each Specially Serviced Loan and with respect to Major Decisions in respect of the Mortgage Loans for which the operating advisor has received a Major Decision Reporting Package. The operating advisor will generally have no obligations or consultation rights as operating advisor under the PSA for this transaction with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan or any related REO Property; provided, however, that the operating advisor may have limited consultation rights with a Non-Serviced Special Servicer pursuant to the Non-Serviced Pooling and Servicing Agreement. See “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor”.

 

An “Operating Advisor Consultation Event” will occur when the Certificate Balances of the classes of Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates in the aggregate (taking into account the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of such classes) is 25% or less of the initial Certificate Balances of such classes in the aggregate.

 

The certificate administrator will be required to notify the operating advisor, the master servicer and the special servicer of the commencement or cessation of any Operating Advisor Consultation Event.

 

The operating advisor will be entitled to compensation in the form of the Operating Advisor Fee, the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee and reimbursement of any Operating Advisor Expenses.  For additional information, see “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses—Operating Advisor Compensation”.

 

The operating advisor is required to be an Eligible Operating Advisor at all times that it is acting as operating advisor under the PSA. As a result of Pentalpha Surveillance’s experience and independence as described under “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer”, the representations and warranties being given by Pentalpha Surveillance under the PSA and satisfaction that no payments have been paid by any special servicer to Pentalpha Surveillance of any fees, compensation or other remuneration (x) in respect of its obligations under the PSA, or (y) for the appointment or recommendation for replacement of a successor special servicer to become the special servicer, Pentalpha Surveillance qualifies as an Eligible Operating Advisor under the PSA.

 

For additional information regarding the operating advisor, a description of how the operating advisor satisfies the requirements of an Eligible Operating Advisor, a description of the material terms of the PSA with respect to the operating advisor’s obligations under the PSA and any material conflicts of interest or material potential conflicts of interest between the operating advisor and another party to this securitization transaction, see “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the

 

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Operating Advisor”, “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor”.

 

The disclosures set forth in this prospectus under the headings referenced in the preceding paragraphs are hereby incorporated by reference in this “Credit Risk Retention—Operating Advisor” section.

 

Representations and Warranties

 

Each of Argentic, Wells Fargo Bank (solely in its capacity as a mortgage loan seller), Barclays, Basis and BSPRT, will make the representations and warranties identified on Annex D-1 with respect to their respective Mortgage Loans, subject in each case to the exceptions to these representations and warranties set forth in Annex D-2, the “Exception Schedules”).

 

At the time the decision to include its Mortgage Loans in this transaction, each of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Argentic determined either that the risks associated with the matters giving rise to each exception set forth on Annex D-2 would not have a material adverse effect on the use, operation or value of the related Mortgaged Property or on its related security interest in such Mortgaged Property, or were mitigated in a manner consistent with customary or otherwise appropriate lending practices by one or more compensating factors, including without limitation: (i) affirmative borrower covenants to effect curative requirements, including the imposition of personal liability to the borrower and guarantor on a losses-only or full recourse basis if risk-related events are triggered, or the requirement to obtain rating agency confirmation prior to taking an action related to such exception; (ii) opinions of legal counsel, or other expert evaluations as to materiality of related risks and remediation, as appropriate; (iii) cash- or letter of credit-funded reserves or the collateral assignments of similar security, or the imposition of cash management controls; (iv) insurance benefiting the loan, including title insurance, property and liability insurance, environmental or lease-related insurance, among other things; (v) positive loan underwriting metrics (such as comparatively low loan-to-value ratio, high debt service coverage ratio or debt yield, or any combination of such factors); or (vi) other loan underwriting-related facts and circumstances reducing the related risk of default or loss, such as strong sponsorship, desirable property type, favorable sub-market conditions, strong tenancy at the related Mortgaged Property or otherwise favorable lease provisions pertaining to the related risk, or the likelihood of near-term curative action within foreseeable cost parameters. However, there can be no assurance that the compensating factors or other circumstances upon which each of Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Argentic based its decisions will in fact sufficiently mitigate those risks. In particular, we note that an evaluation of the risks presented by such exceptions, including whether any mitigating factors or circumstances are sufficient, may necessarily involve an assessment as to the likelihood of future events as to which no assurance can be given.

 

At the time of the decision to include its Mortgage Loans in this transaction, each of Barclays and Basis determined either that the risks associated with the matters giving rise to each exception in respect of its Mortgage Loans set forth on Annex D-2 were not material or were mitigated by one or more compensating factors, including without limitation, reserves, title insurance or other relevant insurance, opinions of legal counsel, letters of credit, a full or partial recourse guaranty from the mortgage loan sponsor, a full or partial cash sweep, positive credit metrics (such as low loan to value ratio, high debt service coverage ratio or debt yield, or any combination of such factors), or by other circumstances, such as strong sponsorship, a desirable property type, strong tenancy at the related Mortgaged Property, the likelihood that the related mortgage loan borrower or a third party may (and/or is required to under the related loan documents) resolve the matter soon, any

 

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requirements to obtain rating agency confirmation prior to taking an action related to such exception, a determination by Barclays or Basis, as applicable, that the acceptance of the related fact or circumstance by the related originator was prudent and consistent with market standards after consultation with appropriate industry experts or a determination by Barclays or Basis, as applicable, that the circumstances that gave rise to such exception should not have a material adverse effect on the use, operation or value of the related Mortgaged Property or on any related lender’s security interest in such Mortgaged Property. However, there can be no assurance that the compensating factors or other circumstances upon which each of Barclays and Basis based its decisions will in fact sufficiently mitigate those risks. In particular, we note that an evaluation of the risks presented by such exceptions, including whether any mitigating factors or circumstances are sufficient, may necessarily involve an assessment as to the likelihood of future events as to which no assurance can be given.

 

At the time of its decision to include the BSPRT Mortgage Loans in this transaction, BSPRT determined either that the risks associated with the matters giving rise to each exception set forth on Annex D-2 to this prospectus were not material or were mitigated by one or more compensating factors, including without limitation, reserves, title insurance or other relevant insurance, opinions of legal counsel, letters of credit, a full or partial recourse guaranty from the borrower sponsor, a full or partial cash sweep, positive credit metrics (such as a low loan-to-value ratio, high debt service coverage ratio or debt yield, or any combination of such factors), or by other circumstances, such as strong sponsorship, a desirable property type, strong tenancy at the related Mortgaged Property, the likelihood that the related mortgage loan borrower or a third party may (and/or, in the case of the mortgage loan borrower, is required to under the related loan documents) resolve the matter soon, any requirements to obtain rating agency confirmation prior to taking an action related to such exception, a determination by BSPRT that the acceptance of the related fact or circumstance by the related originator was prudent and consistent with market standards after consultation with appropriate industry experts or a determination by BSPRT that the circumstances that gave rise to such exception should not have a material adverse effect on the use, operation or value of the related Mortgaged Property or on any related lender’s security interest in such Mortgaged Property. However, there can be no assurance that the compensating factors or other circumstances upon which BSPRT based its decisions will in fact sufficiently mitigate those risks. In particular, we note that an evaluation of the risks presented by such exceptions, including whether any mitigating factors or circumstances are sufficient, may necessarily involve an assessment as to the likelihood of future events as to which no assurance can be given.

 

Additional information regarding the applicable Mortgage Loans, including the risks related thereto, is described under “Risk Factors” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool”.

 

Description of the Certificates

 

General

 

The certificates will be issued pursuant to a pooling and servicing agreement, among the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer (the “PSA”) and will represent in the aggregate the entire ownership interest in the issuing entity. The assets of the issuing entity will consist of: (1) the Mortgage Loans and all payments under and proceeds of the Mortgage Loans received after the Cut-off Date (exclusive of payments of principal and/or interest due on or before the Cut-off Date and interest relating to periods prior to, but due after, the Cut-off Date); (2) any REO Property but, with respect to any Whole Loan, only to the extent of the issuing entity’s interest in such Whole Loan; (3) those

 

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funds or assets as from time to time are deposited in the accounts discussed in “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Accounts” (such accounts collectively, the “Securitization Accounts”) (but, with respect to any Whole Loan, only to the extent of the issuing entity’s interest in such Whole Loan), if established; (4) the rights of the mortgagee under all insurance policies with respect to its Mortgage Loans; and (5) certain rights of the depositor under each MLPA relating to Mortgage Loan document delivery requirements and the representations and warranties of each mortgage loan seller regarding the Mortgage Loans it sold to the depositor.

 

The Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, Series 2018-C48 will consist of the following classes: the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates (collectively, with the Class A-S certificates, the “Class A Certificates”), Class X-A, Class X-B, Class X-D, Class A-S, Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR, Class V and Class R certificates.

 

The Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates are referred to collectively in this prospectus as the “Class X Certificates”. The Class A Certificates (other than the Class A-S certificates) and the Class X Certificates are referred to collectively in this prospectus as the “Senior Certificates”. The Class A-S, Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates are referred to collectively in this prospectus as the “Subordinate Certificates”. The Class R certificates are sometimes referred to in this prospectus as the “Residual Certificates”. The Senior Certificates and the Subordinate Certificates are collectively referred to in this prospectus as the “Regular Certificates”. The Senior Certificates (other than the Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates) and the Subordinate Certificates are collectively referred to in this prospectus as the “Principal Balance Certificates”. The Class A Certificates and the Class X-A, Class X-B, Class B and Class C certificates are also referred to in this prospectus as the “Offered Certificates”. The Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates are also referred to in this prospectus as the “Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates” and are expected to be purchased and retained by Argentic Securities Holdings Cayman Limited.

 

Upon initial issuance, the Principal Balance Certificates will have the respective Certificate Balances, and the Class X Certificates will have the respective Notional Amounts, shown below (in each case, subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%):

 

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Class

 

Approx. Initial
Certificate Balance
or Notional Amount

Offered Certificates     
A-1   $18,490,000 
A-2   $36,431,000 
A-3   $23,767,000 
A-SB   $32,713,000 
A-4    (1)
A-5    (1)
X-A   $583,753,000 
X-B   $138,642,000 
A-S   $59,418,000 
B   $40,654,000 
C   $38,570,000 
Non-Offered Certificates     
X-D   $31,848,000(2)
D   $31,848,000(2)
E-RR   $14,018,000(2)
F-RR   $20,848,000 
G-RR   $9,382,000 
H-RR   $35,442,944 
V    NAP      
R  

  

NAP      

 

 

(1)The approximate initial Certificate Balances of the Class A-4 and Class A-5 Certificates are unknown and will be determined based on the final pricing of those Classes of Certificates. However, the initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 Certificates is expected to be within a range of $100,000,000 and $230,000,000, and the initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates is expected to be within a range of $242,352,000 and $372,352,000. The aggregate initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 and Class A-5 Certificates is expected to be approximately $472,352,000, subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%.

 

(2)The initial Certificate Balance of each of the Class D and Class E-RR certificates is estimated based in part on the estimated ranges of Certificate Balances and estimated fair values described in “Credit Risk Retention”. The initial Certificate Balance of the Class D certificates is expected to fall within a range of $30,647,000 and $31,848,000, and the initial Certificate Balance of the Class E-RR certificates is expected to fall within a range of $14,018,000 and $15,219,000, with the ultimate initial Certificate Balance of each determined such that the aggregate fair value of the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates will equal at least 5% of the estimated fair value as of the Closing Date of all of the classes of certificates (other than the Class R certificates) issued by the issuing entity. Any variation in the initial Certificate Balance of the Class D certificates would affect the initial Notional Amount of the Class X-D certificates.

 

The “Certificate Balance” of any class of Principal Balance Certificates outstanding at any time represents the maximum amount that its holders are entitled to receive as distributions allocable to principal from the cash flow on the Mortgage Loans and the other assets in the issuing entity, all as described in this prospectus. On each Distribution Date, the Certificate Balance of each class of Principal Balance Certificates will be reduced by any distributions of principal actually made on, and by any Realized Losses actually allocated to, that class of Principal Balance Certificates on that Distribution Date. In the event that Realized Losses previously allocated to a class of Principal Balance Certificates in reduction of its Certificate Balance are recovered subsequent to such Certificate Balance being reduced to zero, holders of such class of Principal Balance Certificates may receive distributions in respect of such recoveries in accordance with the distribution priorities described under “—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” below.

 

The Residual Certificates will not have a Certificate Balance or entitle their holders to distributions of principal or interest.

 

The Class X Certificates will not have Certificate Balances, nor will they entitle their holders to distributions of principal, but the Class X Certificates will represent the right to

 

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receive distributions of interest in an amount equal to the aggregate interest accrued on their respective notional amounts (each, a “Notional Amount”). The Notional Amount of the Class X-A certificates will equal the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class A Certificates (other than the Class A-S certificates) outstanding from time to time. The initial Notional Amount of the Class X-A certificates will be approximately $583,753,000. The Notional Amount of the Class X-B certificates will equal the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates outstanding from time to time. The initial Notional Amount of the Class X-B certificates will be approximately $138,642,000. The Notional Amount of the Class X-D certificates will equal the Certificate Balance of the Class D certificates outstanding from time to time. The initial Notional Amount of the Class X-D certificates will be approximately $31,848,000.

 

The Class V certificates will not have a Certificate Balance nor will they entitle their holders to distributions of principal, but the Class V certificates will represent the right to receive their allocable portion of Excess Interest received on any ARD Loan allocated as described under “—Available Funds—Excess Interest” below.

 

Excess Interest” with respect to an ARD Loan is the interest accrued at the Revised Rate in respect of such ARD Loan in excess of the interest accrued at the Initial Rate, plus any related interest accrued on such amounts, to the extent permitted by applicable law and the related Mortgage Loan documents.

 

The Mortgage Loans (exclusive of Excess Interest) will be held by the lower-tier REMIC (the “Lower-Tier REMIC”). The certificates (other than the Class V certificates and their right to receive a portion of the Excess Interest) will be issued by the upper-tier REMIC (the “Upper-Tier REMIC”) (collectively with the Lower-Tier REMIC, the “Trust REMICs”). The Class V certificates will be issued by the grantor trust (the “Grantor Trust”).

 

Distributions

 

Method, Timing and Amount

 

Distributions on the certificates are required to be made by the certificate administrator, to the extent of available funds as described in this prospectus, on the 4th business day following each Determination Date (each, a “Distribution Date”). The “Determination Date” will be the 11th day of each calendar month (or, if the 11th calendar day of that month is not a business day, then the next business day) commencing in January 2019.

 

All distributions (other than the final distribution on any certificate) are required to be made to the Certificateholders in whose names the certificates are registered at the close of business on each Record Date. With respect to any Distribution Date, the “Record Date” will be the last business day of the month immediately preceding the month in which that Distribution Date occurs. These distributions are required to be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account specified by the Certificateholder at a bank or other entity having appropriate facilities to accept such funds, if the Certificateholder has provided the certificate administrator with written wiring instructions no less than 5 business days prior to the related Record Date (which wiring instructions may be in the form of a standing order applicable to all subsequent distributions) or otherwise by check mailed to the Certificateholder. The final distribution on any certificate is required to be made in like manner, but only upon presentation and surrender of the certificate at the location that will be specified in a notice of the pendency of the final distribution. All distributions made with respect to a class of certificates will be allocated pro rata among the outstanding certificates of that class based on their respective Percentage Interests.

 

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The “Percentage Interest” evidenced by any certificate (other than a Class V or Class R certificate) will equal its initial denomination as of the Closing Date divided by the initial Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, of the related class.

 

The master servicer is authorized but not required to direct the investment of funds held in the Collection Account and the Companion Distribution Account, in U.S. government securities and other obligations that satisfy criteria established by the Rating Agencies (“Permitted Investments”). The master servicer will be entitled to retain any interest or other income earned on such funds and the master servicer will be required to bear any losses resulting from the investment of such funds, as provided in the PSA. The certificate administrator is authorized but not required to direct the investment of funds held in the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account, the Upper-Tier REMIC Distribution Account, the Interest Reserve Account, the Excess Interest Distribution Account and the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account in Permitted Investments. The certificate administrator will be entitled to retain any interest or other income earned on such funds and the certificate administrator will be required to bear any losses resulting from the investment of such funds, as provided in the PSA.

 

Available Funds

 

The aggregate amount available for distribution to holders of the certificates on each Distribution Date (the “Available Funds”) will, in general, equal the sum of the following amounts (without duplication):

 

(a)       the aggregate amount of all cash received on the Mortgage Loans (in the case of each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, only to the extent received by the issuing entity pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA) and any REO Property that is on deposit in the Collection Account (in each case, exclusive of any amount on deposit in or credited to any portion of the Collection Account that is held for the benefit of the holder of any related Companion Loan), as of the related P&I Advance Date, exclusive of (without duplication):

 

all scheduled payments of principal and/or interest and any balloon payments paid by the borrowers of a Mortgage Loan (such amounts other than any Excess Interest, the “Periodic Payments”), that are due on a Due Date after the end of the related Collection Period, excluding interest relating to periods prior to, but due after, the Cut-off Date;

 

all unscheduled payments of principal (including prepayments), unscheduled interest, liquidation proceeds, insurance proceeds and condemnation proceeds and other unscheduled recoveries received subsequent to the related Determination Date (or, with respect to voluntary prepayments of principal of each Mortgage Loan with a Due Date occurring after the related Determination Date, subsequent to the related Due Date) allocable to the Mortgage Loans;

 

all amounts in the Collection Account that are due or reimbursable to any person other than the Certificateholders;

 

with respect to each Actual/360 Loan and any Distribution Date occurring in each February and in any January occurring in a year that is not a leap year (in each case, unless such Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), the related Withheld Amount to the extent those funds are on deposit in the Collection Account;

 

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all Excess Interest allocable to the Mortgage Loans (which is separately distributed to the Class V certificates);

 

all Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums;

 

all amounts deposited in the Collection Account in error; and

 

any late payment charges or accrued interest on a Mortgage Loan actually collected thereon and allocable to the default interest rate for such Mortgage Loan, to the extent permitted by law, excluding any interest calculated at the Mortgage Rate for the related Mortgage Loan;

 

(b)       if and to the extent not already included in clause (a), the aggregate amount transferred from the REO Accounts allocable to the Mortgage Loans to the Collection Account for such Distribution Date;

 

(c)       all Compensating Interest Payments made by the master servicer with respect to the Mortgage Loans with respect to such Distribution Date and P&I Advances made by the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, with respect to the Distribution Date (net of certain amounts that are due or reimbursable to persons other than the Certificateholders);

 

(d)       with respect to each Actual/360 Loan and any Distribution Date occurring in each March (or February, if such Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), the related Withheld Amounts as required to be deposited in the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account pursuant to the PSA; and

 

(e) the Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount for such Distribution Date.

 

The “Gain-on-Sale Entitlement Amount” for each Distribution Date will be equal to the aggregate amount of (i) the sum of (a) the aggregate portion of the Interest Distribution Amount for each Class of Regular Certificates that would remain unpaid as of the close of business on such Distribution Date, and (b) the amount by which the Principal Distribution Amount exceeds the aggregate amount that would actually be distributed on such Distribution Date in respect of such Principal Distribution Amount, and (ii) any Realized Losses outstanding immediately after such Distribution Date, in each case, to the extent such amounts would occur on such Distribution Date or would be outstanding immediately after such Distribution Date, as applicable, without the inclusion of the Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount as part of the definition of Available Funds.

 

The “Collection Period” for each Distribution Date and any Mortgage Loan (including any Companion Loan) will be the period commencing on the day immediately succeeding the Due Date for such Mortgage Loan (including any Companion Loan) in the month preceding the month in which that Distribution Date occurs or the date that would have been the Due Date if such Mortgage Loan (including any Companion Loan) had a Due Date in such preceding month and ending on and including the Due Date for such Mortgage Loan (including any related Companion Loan) occurring in the month in which that Distribution Date occurs. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the last day of a Collection Period is not a business day, any Periodic Payments received with respect to Mortgage Loans (including any periodic payments for any Companion Loan) relating to such Collection Period on the business day immediately following such day will be deemed to have been received during such Collection Period and not during any other Collection Period.

 

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Due Date” means, with respect to each Mortgage Loan (including any Companion Loan), the date on which scheduled payments of principal, interest or both are required to be made by the related borrower.

 

The “Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount” for each Distribution Date will be equal to the lesser of (i) the amount on deposit in the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account on such Distribution Date, and (ii) the Gain-on-Sale Entitlement Amount.

 

Priority of Distributions

 

On each Distribution Date, for so long as the Certificate Balances or Notional Amounts of the Regular Certificates have not been reduced to zero, the certificate administrator is required to apply amounts on deposit in the Distribution Account, to the extent of the Available Funds, in the following order of priority:

 

First, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to, and pro rata in accordance with, the respective Interest Distribution Amounts for such classes;

 

Second, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balances of those classes, in the following priority:

 

(i)   prior to the Cross-Over Date:

 

(a)       to the Class A-SB certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date until the Certificate Balance of the Class A-SB certificates is reduced to the Class A-SB Planned Principal Balance for such Distribution Date;

 

(b)       to the Class A-1 certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after payments specified in clause (a) above have been made) for such Distribution Date until the Certificate Balance of the Class A-1 certificates is reduced to zero;

 

(c)       to the Class A-2 certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after payments specified in clauses (a) and (b) above have been made) for such Distribution Date until the Certificate Balance of the Class A-2 certificates is reduced to zero;

 

(d)       to the Class A-3 certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after payments specified in clauses (a), (b) and (c) above have been made) for such Distribution Date until the Certificate Balance of the Class A-3 certificates is reduced to zero;

 

(e)       to the Class A-4 certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after payments specified in clauses (a), (b), (c) and (d) above have been made) for such Distribution Date until the Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 certificates is reduced to zero;

 

(f)       to the Class A-5 certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after payments specified in clauses (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) above have been made) for such Distribution Date, until the Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 certificates is reduced to zero;

 

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(g)   to the Class A-SB certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after payments specified in clauses (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) and (f) above have been made) for such Distribution Date, until the Certificate Balance of the Class A-SB certificates is reduced to zero;

 

(ii)       on or after the Cross-Over Date, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, pro rata (based upon their respective Certificate Balances), in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date, until the Certificate Balances of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates are reduced to zero;

 

Third, to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, first, (i) up to an amount equal to, and pro rata in accordance with, the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to each such class, then, (ii) up to an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount set forth in clause (i) at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class until the date such Realized Loss is reimbursed;

 

Fourth, to the Class A-S certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Distribution Amount of such class;

 

Fifth, after the Certificate Balances of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates have been reduced to zero, to the Class A-S certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such

 

Distribution Date less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until their Certificate Balance is reduced to zero;

 

Sixth, to the Class A-S certificates, first, (i) up to an amount equal to the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such class, then, (ii) up to an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount set forth in clause (i) at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class until the date such Realized Loss is reimbursed;

 

Seventh, to the Class B certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Distribution Amount of such class;

 

Eighth, after the Certificate Balances of the Class A Certificates have been reduced to zero, to the Class B certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until their Certificate Balance is reduced to zero;

 

Ninth, to the Class B certificates, first, (i) up to an amount equal to the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such class, then, (ii) up to an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount set forth in clause (i) at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class until the date such Realized Loss is reimbursed;

 

Tenth, to the Class C certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Distribution Amount of such class;

 

Eleventh, after the Certificate Balances of the Class A Certificates and the Class B certificates have been reduced to zero, to the Class C certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such

 

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Distribution Date less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until their Certificate Balance is reduced to zero;

 

Twelfth, to the Class C certificates, first, (i) up to an amount equal to the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such class, then, (ii) up to an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount set forth in clause (i) at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class until the date such Realized Loss is reimbursed;

 

Thirteenth, to the Class D certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Distribution Amount of such class;

 

Fourteenth, after the Certificate Balances of the Class A Certificates and the Class B and Class C certificates have been reduced to zero, to the Class D certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until their Certificate Balance is reduced to zero;

 

Fifteenth, to the Class D certificates, first, (i) up to an amount equal to the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such class, then, (ii) up to an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount set forth in clause (i) at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class until the date such Realized Loss is reimbursed;

 

Sixteenth, to the Class E-RR certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Distribution Amount of such class;

 

Seventeenth, after the Certificate Balances of the Class A Certificates and the Class B, Class C and Class D certificates have been reduced to zero, to the Class E-RR certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until their Certificate Balance is reduced to zero;

 

Eighteenth, to the Class E-RR certificates, first, (i) up to an amount equal to the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such class, then, (ii) up to an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount set forth in clause (i) at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class until the date such Realized Loss is reimbursed;

 

Nineteenth, to the Class F-RR certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Distribution Amount of such class;

 

Twentieth, after the Certificate Balances of the Class A Certificates and the Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E-RR certificates have been reduced to zero, to the Class F-RR certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until their Certificate Balance is reduced to zero;

 

Twenty-first, to the Class F-RR certificates, first, (i) up to an amount equal to the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such class, then, (ii) up to an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount set forth in clause (i) at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class until the date such Realized Loss is reimbursed;

 

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Twenty-second, to the Class G-RR certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Distribution Amount of such class;

 

Twenty-third, after the Certificate Balances of the Class A Certificates and the Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E-RR and Class F-RR certificates have been reduced to zero, to the Class G-RR certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until their Certificate Balance is reduced to zero;

 

Twenty-fourth, to the Class G-RR certificates, first, (i) up to an amount equal to the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such class, then, (ii) up to an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount set forth in clause (i) at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class until the date such Realized Loss is reimbursed;

 

Twenty-fifth, to the Class H-RR certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Distribution Amount of such class;

 

Twenty-sixth, after the Certificate Balances of the Class A Certificates and the Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR and Class G-RR certificates have been reduced to zero, to the Class H-RR certificates, in reduction of their Certificate Balance, up to an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date less the portion of such Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until their Certificate Balance is reduced to zero;

 

Twenty-seventh, to the Class H-RR certificates, first, (i) up to an amount equal to the aggregate unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such class, then, (ii) up to an amount equal to all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount set forth in clause (i) at the Pass-Through Rate for such class compounded monthly from the date the related Realized Loss was allocated to such class until the date such Realized Loss is reimbursed; and

 

Twenty-eighth, to the Class R certificates, any remaining amounts.

 

The “Cross-Over Date” means the Distribution Date on which the Certificate Balances of the Subordinate Certificates have all previously been reduced to zero as a result of the allocation of Realized Losses to those certificates.

 

Reimbursement of previously allocated Realized Losses will not constitute distributions of principal for any purpose and will not result in an additional reduction in the Certificate Balance of the class of certificates in respect of which a reimbursement is made.

 

If and to the extent that any Nonrecoverable Advances (plus interest on such Nonrecoverable Advances) that were reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans (including REO Loans) and previously resulted in a reduction of the Principal Distribution Amount are subsequently recovered on the related Mortgage Loan or REO Property, then (on the Distribution Date related to the Collection Period during which the recovery occurred): (i) the amount of such recovery will be added to the Certificate Balance(s) of the class or classes of Principal Balance Certificates that previously were allocated Realized Losses, in the order of distributions set forth in “—Priority of Distributions” above, in each case up to the lesser of (A) the unallocated portion of the amount of such recovery and (B) the amount of the unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to the subject class of certificates; and (ii) the Interest Shortfall with

 

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respect to each affected class of Certificates for the next Distribution Date will be increased by the amount of interest that would have accrued through the then-current Distribution Date if the restored write-down for the reimbursed class of Principal Balance Certificates had never been written down. If the Certificate Balance of any class of Principal Balance Certificates is so increased, the amount of unreimbursed Realized Losses of such class of certificates will be decreased by such amount.

 

Pass-Through Rates

 

The interest rate (the “Pass-Through Rate”) applicable to each class of Regular Certificates for any Distribution Date will equal the rates set forth below:

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-1 certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-2 certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-3 certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-SB certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-4 certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-5 certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class A-S certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class B certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class C certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class D certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class E-RR certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class F-RR certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class G-RR certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate on the Class H-RR certificates will be a per annum rate equal to [_]%.

 

The Pass-Through Rate for the Class X-A certificates for any Distribution Date will be a per annum rate equal to the excess, if any of (a) the WAC Rate for the related Distribution

 

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Date, over (b) the weighted average of the Pass-Through Rates on the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates for such Distribution Date, weighted on the basis of their respective Certificate Balances immediately prior to that Distribution Date.

 

The Pass-Through Rate for the Class X-B certificates for any Distribution Date will be a per annum rate equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the WAC Rate for the related Distribution Date, over (b) the weighted average of the Pass-Through Rates on the Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates for the related Distribution Date, weighted on the basis of their respective Certificate Balances immediately prior to that Distribution Date.

 

The Pass-Through Rate for the Class X-D certificates for any Distribution Date will be a per annum rate equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the WAC Rate for the related Distribution Date, over (b) the Pass-Through Rate on the Class D certificates for the related Distribution Date.

 

The Class V certificates will not have a Pass-Through Rate or be entitled to distributions in respect of interest other than the Excess Interest, if any, with respect to any ARD Loan.

 

The “WAC Rate” with respect to any Distribution Date is equal to the weighted average of the applicable Net Mortgage Rates of the Mortgage Loans (including any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) as of the first day of the related Collection Period, weighted on the basis of their respective Stated Principal Balances as of the first day of such Collection Period (after giving effect to any payments received during any applicable grace period).

 

The “Net Mortgage Rate” for each Mortgage Loan (including any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any REO Loan (other than the portion of the REO Loan related to any Companion Loan) is equal to the related Mortgage Rate then in effect (without regard to any increase in the interest rate of any ARD Loan after the related Anticipated Repayment Date), minus the related Administrative Cost Rate; provided, however, that for purposes of calculating Pass-Through Rates, the Net Mortgage Rate for any Mortgage Loan will be determined without regard to any modification, waiver or amendment of the terms of the related Mortgage Loan, whether agreed to by the master servicer, the special servicer, a Non-Serviced Master Servicer or a Non-Serviced Special Servicer or resulting from a bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding involving the related borrower. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for Mortgage Loans that do not accrue interest on a 30/360 Basis, then, solely for purposes of calculating the Pass-Through Rates and the WAC Rate, the Net Mortgage Rate of any Mortgage Loan for any one-month period preceding a related Due Date will be the annualized rate at which interest would have to accrue in respect of the Mortgage Loan on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months in order to produce the aggregate amount of interest actually required to be paid in respect of the Mortgage Loan during the one-month period at the related Net Mortgage Rate; provided, however, that with respect to each Actual/360 Loan, the Net Mortgage Rate for the one-month period (1) prior to the Due Dates in January and February in any year which is not a leap year or in February in any year which is a leap year (in either case, unless the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date) will be determined exclusive of Withheld Amounts, and (2) prior to the Due Date in March (or February, if the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), will be determined inclusive of Withheld Amounts for the immediately preceding February and January, as applicable. With respect to any REO Loan, the Net Mortgage Rate will be calculated as described above, as if the predecessor Mortgage Loan had remained outstanding.

 

Administrative Cost Rate” as of any date of determination will be a per annum rate equal to the sum of the Servicing Fee Rate, the Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate,

 

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the Operating Advisor Fee Rate, the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee Rate and the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate.

 

Mortgage Rate” with respect to any Mortgage Loan (including any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any related Companion Loan is the per annum rate at which interest accrues on the Mortgage Loan or the related Companion Loan as stated in the related Mortgage Note or the promissory note evidencing such Companion Loan without giving effect to any default rate or Revised Rate.

 

Interest Distribution Amount

 

The “Interest Distribution Amount” with respect to any Distribution Date and each class of Regular Certificates will equal (A) the sum of (i) the Interest Accrual Amount with respect to such class for such Distribution Date and (ii) the Interest Shortfall, if any, with respect to such class for such Distribution Date, less (B) any Excess Prepayment Interest Shortfall allocated to such class on such Distribution Date.

 

The “Interest Accrual Amount” with respect to any Distribution Date and any class of Regular Certificates will be equal to the interest for the related Interest Accrual Period accrued at the Pass-Through Rate for such class on the Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, for such class immediately prior to that Distribution Date. Calculations of interest for each Interest Accrual Period will be made on 30/360 Basis.

 

An “Interest Shortfall” with respect to any Distribution Date for any class of Regular Certificates will be equal to the sum of (a) the portion of the Interest Distribution Amount for such class remaining unpaid as of the close of business on the preceding Distribution Date, and (b) to the extent permitted by applicable law, (i) other than in the case of certificates with a Notional Amount, one month’s interest on that amount remaining unpaid at the Pass-Through Rate applicable to such class for the current Distribution Date and (ii) in the case of the certificates with a Notional Amount, one-month’s interest on that amount remaining unpaid at the WAC Rate for such Distribution Date.

 

The “Interest Accrual Period” for each Distribution Date will be the calendar month prior to the month in which that Distribution Date occurs.

 

Principal Distribution Amount

 

The “Principal Distribution Amount” for any Distribution Date will be equal to the sum of the following amounts:

 

(a)       the Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount for that Distribution Date,

 

(b)       the Unscheduled Principal Distribution Amount for that Distribution Date, and

 

(c)       the Principal Shortfall for such Distribution Date;

 

provided that the Principal Distribution Amount for any Distribution Date will be reduced, to not less than zero, by the amount of any reimbursements of:

 

(A)       Nonrecoverable Advances (including any servicing advance with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan under the related Non-Serviced PSA reimbursed out of general collections on the Mortgage Loans), with interest on such Nonrecoverable Advances at the Reimbursement Rate, that are paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans in a period during which such

 

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principal collections would have otherwise been included in the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date, and

 

(B)       Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans in a period during which such principal collections would have otherwise been included in the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date,

 

provided, further, that in the case of clauses (A) and (B) above, if any of the amounts that were reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans (including REO Loans) are subsequently recovered on the related Mortgage Loan (or REO Loan), such recovery will increase the Principal Distribution Amount for the Distribution Date related to the period in which such recovery occurs.

 

The “Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount” for each Distribution Date will equal the aggregate of the principal portions of (a) all Periodic Payments (excluding balloon payments) with respect to the Mortgage Loans due during or, if and to the extent not previously received or advanced and distributed to Certificateholders on a preceding Distribution Date, prior to the related Collection Period and all Assumed Scheduled Payments with respect to the Mortgage Loans for the related Collection Period, in each case to the extent paid by the related borrower as of the related Determination Date (or, with respect to each Mortgage Loan with a Due Date occurring, or a grace period ending, after the related Determination Date, the related Due Date or, last day of such grace period, as applicable, to the extent received by the master servicer as of the business day preceding the related P&I Advance Date) or advanced by the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, and (b) all balloon payments with respect to the Mortgage Loans to the extent received on or prior to the related Determination Date (or, with respect to each Mortgage Loan with a Due Date occurring, or a grace period ending, after the related Determination Date, the related Due Date or, last day of such grace period, as applicable, to the extent received by the master servicer as of the business day preceding the related P&I Advance Date), and to the extent not included in clause (a) above. The Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount from time to time will include all late payments of principal made by a borrower with respect to the Mortgage Loans, including late payments in respect of a delinquent balloon payment, received by the times described above in this definition, except to the extent those late payments are otherwise available to reimburse the master servicer or the trustee, as the case may be, for prior Advances, as described above.

 

The “Unscheduled Principal Distribution Amount” for each Distribution Date will equal the aggregate of the following: (a) all prepayments of principal received on the Mortgage Loans as of the Determination Date; and (b) any other collections (exclusive of payments by borrowers) received on the Mortgage Loans and any REO Properties on or prior to the related Determination Date whether in the form of Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds, net income, rents, and profits from REO Property or otherwise, that were identified and applied by the master servicer as recoveries of previously unadvanced principal of the related Mortgage Loan; provided that all such Liquidation Proceeds and Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds will be reduced by any unpaid Special Servicing Fees, Liquidation Fees, any amount related to the Loss of Value Payments to the extent that such amount was transferred into the Collection Account during the related Collection Period, accrued interest on Advances and other additional trust fund expenses incurred in connection with the related Mortgage Loan, thus reducing the Unscheduled Principal Distribution Amount.

 

The “Assumed Scheduled Payment” for any Collection Period and with respect to any Mortgage Loan (including any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that is delinquent in respect of

 

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its balloon payment or any REO Loan (excluding, for purposes of any P&I Advances, the portion allocable to any related Companion Loan), is an amount equal to the sum of (a) the principal portion of the Periodic Payment that would have been due on such Mortgage Loan or REO Loan on the related Due Date based on the constant payment required by such related Mortgage Note or the original amortization schedule of the Mortgage Loan, as the case may be (as calculated with interest at the related Mortgage Rate), if applicable, assuming the related balloon payment has not become due, after giving effect to any reduction in the principal balance occurring in connection with a modification of such Mortgage Loan in connection with a default or a bankruptcy (or similar proceeding), and (b) interest on the Stated Principal Balance of that Mortgage Loan or REO Loan (excluding, for purposes of any P&I Advances, the portion allocable to any related Companion Loan) at its Mortgage Rate (net of interest at the applicable rate at which the Servicing Fee is calculated).

 

The “Principal Shortfall” for any Distribution Date means the amount, if any, by which (1) the Principal Distribution Amount for the prior Distribution Date exceeds (2) the aggregate amount actually distributed on the preceding Distribution Date in respect of such Principal Distribution Amount.

 

The “Class A-SB Planned Principal Balance” for any Distribution Date is the balance shown for such Distribution Date in the table set forth in Annex E. Such balances were calculated using, among other things, certain weighted average life assumptions. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Weighted Average Life”. Based on such assumptions, the Certificate Balance of the Class A-SB certificates on each Distribution Date would be expected to be reduced to the balance indicated for such Distribution Date in the table set forth in Annex E. We cannot assure you, however, that the mortgage loans will perform in conformity with our assumptions. Therefore, we cannot assure you that the balance of the Class A-SB certificates on any Distribution Date will be equal to the balance that is specified for such Distribution Date in the table.

 

Certain Calculations with Respect to Individual Mortgage Loans

 

The “Stated Principal Balance” of each Mortgage Loan will be an amount equal to its unpaid principal balance as of the Cut-off Date or, in the case of a replacement Mortgage Loan, as of the date it is added to the trust, after application of all payments of principal due during or prior to the month of substitution, whether or not those payments have been received, minus the sum of:

 

(i)       the principal portion of each Periodic Payment due on such Mortgage Loan after the Cut-off Date (or in the case of a replacement Mortgage Loan, due after the Due Date in the related month of substitution), to the extent received from the borrower or advanced by the master servicer;

 

(ii)       all principal prepayments received with respect to such Mortgage Loan after the Cut-off Date (or in the case of a replacement Mortgage Loan, after the Due Date in the related month of substitution);

 

(iii)       the principal portion of all Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds (to the extent allocable to principal on such Mortgage Loan) and Liquidation Proceeds received with respect to such Mortgage Loan after the Cut-off Date (or in the case of a replacement Mortgage Loan, after the Due Date in the related month of substitution); and

 

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(iv)       any reduction in the outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Loan resulting from a valuation by a court in a bankruptcy proceeding that is less than the then-outstanding principal amount of such Mortgage Loan or a modification of such Mortgage Loan pursuant to the terms and provisions of the PSA that occurred prior to the end of the Collection Period for the most recent Distribution Date.

 

The Stated Principal Balance of any REO Loan that is a successor to a Mortgage Loan, as of any date of determination, will be an amount equal to (x) the Stated Principal Balance of the predecessor Mortgage Loan as of the date of the related REO Property was acquired for U.S. federal tax purposes, minus (y) the sum of:

 

(i)       the principal portion of any P&I Advance made with respect to such REO Loan; and

 

(ii)       the principal portion of all Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds (to the extent allocable to principal on the related Mortgage Loan), Liquidation Proceeds and all income rents and profits received with respect to such REO Loan.

 

See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans” below.

 

With respect to any Companion Loan on any date of determination, the Stated Principal Balance will equal the unpaid principal balance of such Companion Loan as of such date. On any date of determination, the Stated Principal Balance of any Whole Loan will equal the sum of the Stated Principal Balances of the related Mortgage Loan and the related Companion Loan(s), as applicable, on such date.

 

With respect to any REO Loan that is a successor to a Companion Loan as of any date of determination, the Stated Principal Balance will equal (x) the Stated Principal Balance of the predecessor Companion Loan as of the date of the related REO acquisition, minus (y) the principal portion of any amounts allocable to the related Companion Loan in accordance with the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

If any Mortgage Loan or REO Loan is paid in full or the Mortgage Loan or REO Loan (or any REO Property) is otherwise liquidated, then, as of the first Distribution Date that follows the end of the Collection Period in which that payment in full or liquidation occurred and notwithstanding that a loss may have occurred in connection with any liquidation, the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loan or REO Loan will be zero.

 

For purposes of calculating allocations of, or recoveries in respect of, Realized Losses, as well as for purposes of calculating the Servicing Fee, Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee, Operating Advisor Fee and Asset Representations Reviewer Fee payable each month, each REO Property (including any REO Property with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan held pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA) will be treated as if there exists with respect to such REO Property an outstanding Mortgage Loan and, if applicable, each related Companion Loan (an “REO Loan”), and all references to Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan and pool of Mortgage Loans in this prospectus, when used in that context, will be deemed to also be references to or to also include, as the case may be, any REO Loans. Each REO Loan will generally be deemed to have the same characteristics as its actual predecessor Mortgage Loan (including related Companion Loan), including the same fixed Mortgage Rate (and, accordingly, the same Net Mortgage Rate) and the same unpaid principal balance and Stated Principal Balance. Amounts due on the predecessor Mortgage Loan (including related Companion Loan) including any portion of it payable or reimbursable to the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the certificate administrator or the trustee, as applicable, will continue to be “due” in respect of

 

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the REO Loan; and amounts received in respect of the related REO Property, net of payments to be made, or reimbursement to the master servicer or the special servicer for payments previously advanced, in connection with the operation and management of that property, generally will be applied by the master servicer as if received on the predecessor Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan.

 

With respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, no amounts relating to the related REO Property or REO Loan allocable to any related Companion Loan will be available for amounts due to the Certificateholders or to reimburse the issuing entity, other than in the limited circumstances related to Servicing Advances, indemnification, Special Servicing Fees and other reimbursable expenses related to such Serviced Whole Loan incurred with respect to such Serviced Whole Loan in accordance with the PSA.

 

Excess Interest

 

On each Distribution Date, the certificate administrator is required to distribute any Excess Interest received with respect to an ARD Loan on or prior to the related Determination Date to the holders of the Class V certificates. Excess Interest will not be available to make distributions to any other class of certificates or to provide credit support for other classes of certificates or offset any interest shortfalls or to pay any other amounts to any other party under the PSA.

 

Application Priority of Mortgage Loan Collections or Whole Loan Collections

 

Absent express provisions in the related Mortgage Loan documents (and, with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, the related Intercreditor Agreement) or to the extent otherwise agreed to by the related borrower in connection with a workout of a Mortgage Loan, all amounts collected by or on behalf of the issuing entity in respect of any Mortgage Loan in the form of payments from the related borrower, Liquidation Proceeds, condemnation proceeds or insurance proceeds (excluding, if applicable, in the case of any Serviced Whole Loan, any amounts payable to the holder of the related Companion Loan(s) pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement) will be applied pursuant to the PSA in the following order of priority:

 

First, as a recovery of any unreimbursed Advances (including any Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount) with respect to the related Mortgage Loan and unpaid interest at the Reimbursement Rate on such Advances and, if applicable, unreimbursed and unpaid additional trust fund expenses;

 

Second, as a recovery of Nonrecoverable Advances and any interest on those Nonrecoverable Advances at the Reimbursement Rate, to the extent previously paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans (as described in the first proviso in the definition of Principal Distribution Amount);

 

Third, to the extent not previously so allocated pursuant to clause First or Second above, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan to the extent of the excess of (i) accrued and unpaid interest (exclusive of default interest and Excess Interest) on such Mortgage Loan at the related Mortgage Rate in effect from time to time through the end of the applicable mortgage interest accrual period, over (ii) after taking into account any allocations pursuant to clause Fifth below on earlier dates, the aggregate portion of the accrued and unpaid interest described in subclause (i) of this clause Third that either (A) was not advanced because of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts or (B) accrued at the related Net Mortgage Rate on the portion of the

 

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Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan equal to any related Collateral Deficiency Amount in effect from time to time and as to which no P&I Advance was made;

 

Fourth, to the extent not previously so allocated pursuant to clause First or Second above, as a recovery of principal of such Mortgage Loan then due and owing, including by reason of acceleration of such Mortgage Loan following a default thereunder (or, if the Mortgage Loan has been liquidated, as a recovery of principal to the extent of its entire remaining unpaid principal balance);

 

Fifth, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan to the extent of the sum of (A) the cumulative amount of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts, plus (B) any unpaid interest (exclusive of default interest and Excess Interest) that accrued at the related Net Mortgage Rate on the portion of the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan equal to any related Collateral Deficiency Amount in effect from time to time and as to which no P&I Advance was made (to the extent collections have not been allocated as recovery of such accrued and unpaid interest pursuant to this clause Fifth on earlier dates);

 

Sixth, as a recovery of amounts to be currently allocated to the payment of, or, to the extent required under the loan documents, escrowed for the future payment of, real estate taxes, assessments and insurance premiums and similar items relating to such Mortgage Loan;

 

Seventh, as a recovery of any other reserves to the extent then required to be held in escrow with respect to such Mortgage Loan;

 

Eighth, as a recovery of any Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Ninth, as a recovery of any late payment charges and default interest then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Tenth, as a recovery of any assumption fees and Modification Fees then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Eleventh, as a recovery of any other amounts then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan other than remaining unpaid principal (if both consent fees and Operating Advisor Consulting Fees are due and owing, first, allocated to consent fees and then, allocated to Operating Advisor Consulting Fees);

 

Twelfth, as a recovery of any remaining principal of such Mortgage Loan to the extent of its entire remaining unpaid principal balance; and

 

Thirteenth, in the case of an ARD Loan after the related Anticipated Repayment Date, any accrued but unpaid Excess Interest;

 

provided that, to the extent required under the REMIC provisions of the Code, payments or proceeds received (or receivable by exercise of the lender’s rights under the related Mortgage Loan documents) with respect to any partial release of a Mortgaged Property (including in connection with a condemnation) at a time when the loan-to-value ratio of the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan exceeds 125%, or would exceed 125% following any partial release (based solely on the value of real property and excluding personal property and going concern value, if any, unless otherwise permitted under the applicable REMIC rules as evidenced by an opinion of counsel provided to the trustee) may

 

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be required to be collected and allocated to reduce the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan) in the manner required by such REMIC provisions.

 

Collections by or on behalf of the issuing entity in respect of any REO Property (exclusive of the amounts to be allocated to the payment of the costs of operating, managing, leasing, maintaining and disposing of such REO Property and, if applicable, in the case of any Serviced Whole Loan, exclusive of any amounts payable to the holder of the related Companion Loan(s), as applicable, pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement) will be applied pursuant to the PSA in the following order of priority:

 

First, as a recovery of any unreimbursed Advances (including any Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount) with respect to the related Mortgage Loan and interest at the Reimbursement Rate on all Advances and, if applicable, unreimbursed and unpaid additional trust fund expenses with respect to the related Mortgage Loan;

 

Second, as a recovery of Nonrecoverable Advances and any interest on those Nonrecoverable Advances at the Reimbursement Rate, to the extent previously paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans (as described in the first proviso in the definition of Principal Distribution Amount);

 

Third, to the extent not previously so allocated pursuant to clause First or Second above, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan to the extent of the excess of (i) accrued and unpaid interest (exclusive of default interest and Excess Interest) on such Mortgage Loan at the related Mortgage Rate in effect from time to time through the end of the applicable mortgage interest accrual period, over (ii) after taking into account any allocations pursuant to clause Fifth below or clause Fifth of the prior paragraph on earlier dates, the aggregate portion of the accrued and unpaid interest described in subclause (i) of this clause Third that either (A) was not advanced because of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts or (B) accrued at the related Net Mortgage Rate on the portion of the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan equal to any related Collateral Deficiency Amount in effect from time to time and as to which no P&I Advance was made;

 

Fourth, to the extent not previously so allocated pursuant to clause First or Second above, as a recovery of principal of such Mortgage Loan to the extent of its entire unpaid principal balance;

 

Fifth, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan to the extent of the sum of (A) the cumulative amount of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts, plus (B) any unpaid interest (exclusive of default interest and Excess Interest) that accrued at the related Net Mortgage Rate on the portion of the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan equal to any related Collateral Deficiency Amount in effect from time to time and as to which no P&I Advance was made (to the extent collections have not been allocated as recovery of accrued and unpaid interest pursuant to this clause Fifth or clause Fifth of the prior paragraph on earlier dates);

 

Sixth, as a recovery of any Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Seventh, as a recovery of any late payment charges and default interest then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

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Eighth, as a recovery of any assumption fees and Modification Fees then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan;

 

Ninth, as a recovery of any other amounts then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan other than remaining unpaid principal (if both consent fees and Operating Advisor Consulting Fees are due and owing, first, allocated to consent fees and then, allocated to Operating Advisor Consulting Fees); and

 

Tenth, in the case of an ARD Loan after the related Anticipated Repayment Date, any accrued but unpaid Excess Interest.

 

Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums

 

If any Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium is collected during any particular Collection Period with respect to any Mortgage Loan, then on the Distribution Date corresponding to that Collection Period, the certificate administrator will pay that Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium (net of liquidation fees or workout fees payable therefrom) in the following manner: (1) to each of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-S, Class B, Class C and Class D certificates, the product of (a) such Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium, (b) the related Base Interest Fraction for such class, and (c) a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the amount of principal distributed to such class for that Distribution Date, and the denominator of which is the total amount of principal distributed to all Principal Balance Certificates for that Distribution Date, (2) to the Class X-A certificates, the excess, if any, of (a) the product of (i) such Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium and (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the amount of principal distributed to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates for that Distribution Date, and the denominator of which is the total amount of principal distributed to all Principal Balance Certificates for that Distribution Date, over (b) the amount of such Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium distributed to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates as described above, and (3) to the Class X-B certificates, any remaining portion of such Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium not distributed as described above.

 

Base Interest Fraction” means, with respect to any principal prepayment of any Mortgage Loan that provides for the payment of a Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium, and with respect to any class of Principal Balance Certificates, a fraction (A) the numerator of which is the greater of (x) zero and (y) the difference between (i) the pass-through rate on that class, and (ii) the applicable Discount Rate and (B) the denominator of which is the difference between (i) the mortgage interest rate on the related Mortgage Loan and (ii) the applicable Discount Rate; provided, however, that:

 

under no circumstances will the Base Interest Fraction be greater than one;

 

if the applicable Discount Rate is greater than or equal to the mortgage interest rate on the related Mortgage Loan and is greater than or equal to the pass-through rate on that class, then the Base Interest Fraction will equal zero; and

 

if the applicable Discount Rate is greater than or equal to the mortgage interest rate on the related Mortgage Loan and is less than the pass-through rate on that class, then the Base Interest Fraction will be equal to 1.0.

 

Discount Rate” means, with respect to any principal prepayment of any Mortgage Loan that provides for the payment of a Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium—

 

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if a discount rate was used in the calculation of the applicable Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium pursuant to the terms of the Mortgage Loan or REO Loan, that discount rate, converted (if necessary) to a monthly equivalent yield, or

 

if a discount rate was not used in the calculation of the applicable Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium pursuant to the terms of the Mortgage Loan or REO Loan, the yield calculated by the linear interpolation of the yields, as reported in Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 (519)—Selected Interest Rates under the heading “U.S. government securities/treasury constant maturities” for the week ending prior to the date of the relevant prepayment (or deemed prepayment), of U.S. Treasury constant maturities with a maturity date, one longer and one shorter, most nearly approximating the maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date, as applicable, of that Mortgage Loan or REO Loan, such interpolated treasury yield converted to a monthly equivalent yield.

 

For purposes of the immediately preceding bullet, the master servicer will select a comparable publication as the source of the applicable yields of U.S. Treasury constant maturities if Federal Reserve Statistical Release H.15 is no longer published.

 

Prepayment Premium” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, any premium, fee or other additional amount (other than a Yield Maintenance Charge) paid or payable, as the context requires, by a borrower in connection with a principal prepayment on, or other early collection of principal of, that Mortgage Loan or any successor REO Loan with respect thereto (including any payoff of a Mortgage Loan by a mezzanine lender on behalf of the subject borrower if and as set forth in the related intercreditor agreement).

 

Yield Maintenance Charge” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, any premium, fee or other additional amount paid or payable, as the context requires, by a borrower in connection with a principal prepayment on, or other early collection of principal of, a Mortgage Loan, calculated, in whole or in part, pursuant to a yield maintenance formula or otherwise pursuant to a formula that reflects the lost interest, including any specified amount or specified percentage of the amount prepaid which constitutes the minimum amount that such Yield Maintenance Charge may be.

 

No Prepayment Premiums or Yield Maintenance Charges will be distributed to the holders of the Class X-D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR, Class V or Class R certificates.

 

For a description of Yield Maintenance Charges, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Default Interest and Limitations on Prepayments”.

 

Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date

 

The “Assumed Final Distribution Date” with respect to any class of certificates is the Distribution Date on which the aggregate Certificate Balance of that class of certificates would be reduced to zero based on the assumptions set forth below. The Assumed Final Distribution Date with respect to each class of Offered Certificates will in each case be as follows:

 

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Class 

Assumed Final Distribution Date 

Class A-1 May 2023
Class A-2 October 2023
Class A-3 November 2025
Class A-SB April 2028
Class A-4 September 2028 - October 2028(1)
Class A-5 December 2028 - December 2028(2)
Class X-A NAP
Class X-B NAP
Class A-S December 2028
Class B December 2028
Class C December 2028

 

 

(1)The range of Assumed Final Distribution Dates is based on the initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 Certificates ranging from $100,000,000 to $230,000,000.

 

(2)The range of Assumed Final Distribution Dates is based on the initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates ranging from $242,352,000 to $372,352,000.

 

The Assumed Final Distribution Dates set forth above were calculated without regard to any delays in the collection of balloon payments and without regard to delinquencies, defaults or liquidations. Accordingly, in the event of defaults on the Mortgage Loans, the actual final Distribution Date for one or more classes of the Offered Certificates may be later, and could be substantially later, than the related Assumed Final Distribution Date(s).

 

In addition, the Assumed Final Distribution Dates set forth above were calculated on the basis of a 0% CPR prepayment rate and the Structuring Assumptions. Since the rate of payment (including prepayments) of the Mortgage Loans may exceed the scheduled rate of payments, and could exceed the scheduled rate by a substantial amount, the actual final Distribution Date for one or more classes of the Offered Certificates may be earlier, and could be substantially earlier, than the related Assumed Final Distribution Date(s). The rate of payments (including prepayments) on the Mortgage Loans will depend on the characteristics of the Mortgage Loans, as well as on the prevailing level of interest rates and other economic factors, and we cannot assure you as to actual payment experience.

 

The “Rated Final Distribution Date” for each class of Offered Certificates will be the Distribution Date in January 2052. See “Ratings”.

 

Prepayment Interest Shortfalls

 

If a borrower prepays a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan in whole or in part, after the due date but on or before the Determination Date in any calendar month, the amount of interest (net of related Servicing Fees and any Excess Interest) accrued on such prepayment from such due date to, but not including, the date of prepayment (or any later date through which interest accrues) will, to the extent actually collected (without regard to any Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge actually collected) constitute a “Prepayment Interest Excess”. Conversely, if a borrower prepays a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan in whole or in part after the Determination Date (or, with respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, as applicable, with a due date occurring after the related Determination Date, the related Due Date) in any calendar month and does not pay interest on such prepayment through the following Due Date, then the shortfall in a full month’s interest (net of related Servicing Fees and any Excess Interest) on such prepayment will constitute a “Prepayment Interest Shortfall”. Prepayment Interest Excesses (to the extent not offset by Prepayment Interest Shortfalls or required to be paid as Compensating Interest Payments) collected on the Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage

 

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Loan) and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan will be retained by the master servicer as additional servicing compensation.

 

The master servicer will be required to deliver to the certificate administrator for deposit in the Distribution Account (other than the portion of any Compensating Interest Payment described below that is allocable to a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) on each P&I Advance Date, without any right of reimbursement thereafter, a cash payment (a “Compensating Interest Payment”) in an aggregate amount, equal to the lesser of:

 

(i)       the aggregate amount of Prepayment Interest Shortfalls incurred in connection with voluntary principal prepayments received in respect of the Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (in each case other than a Specially Serviced Loan or a Mortgage Loan or any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan on which the special servicer allowed a prepayment on a date other than the applicable Due Date) for the related Distribution Date, and

 

(ii)       the aggregate of (A) that portion of the master servicer’s Servicing Fees for the related Distribution Date that is, in the case of each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan and REO Loan for which such Servicing Fees are being paid to the master servicer in such Collection Period, calculated at a rate of 0.00250% per annum, (B) all Prepayment Interest Excesses received by the master servicer during such Collection Period with respect to the Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) (and, so long as a Whole Loan is serviced under the PSA, any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) subject to such prepayment and (C) to the extent earned on voluntary principal prepayments, net investment earnings payable to the master servicer for such Collection Period received by the master servicer during such Collection Period with respect to the Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, as applicable, subject to such prepayment. In no event will the rights of the Certificateholders to the offset of the aggregate Prepayment Interest Shortfalls be cumulative.

 

If a Prepayment Interest Shortfall occurs with respect to a Mortgage Loan as a result of the master servicer allowing the related borrower to deviate (a “Prohibited Prepayment”) from the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents regarding principal prepayments (other than (v) any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, (w) subsequent to a default under the related Mortgage Loan documents or if the Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan, (x) pursuant to applicable law or a court order or otherwise in such circumstances where the master servicer is required to accept such principal prepayment in accordance with the Servicing Standard, (y)(i) at the request or with the consent of the special servicer or, (ii) so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred or is continuing, and with respect to the Mortgage Loans other than an Excluded Loan, at the request or with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder or (z) in connection with the payment of any insurance proceeds or condemnation awards), then for purposes of calculating the Compensating Interest Payment for the related Distribution Date, the master servicer will pay, without regard to clause (ii) above, the aggregate amount of Prepayment Interest Shortfalls with respect to such Mortgage Loan otherwise described in clause (i) above in connection with such Prohibited Prepayments.

 

Compensating Interest Payments with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan will be allocated among the related Mortgage Loan and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loans in accordance with their respective principal amounts, and the master servicer will be

 

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required to pay the portion of such Compensating Interest Payments allocable to the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan to the related Other Master Servicer.

 

The aggregate of any Prepayment Interest Shortfalls resulting from any principal prepayments made on the Mortgage Loans to be included in the Available Funds for any Distribution Date that are not covered by the master servicer’s Compensating Interest Payment for the related Distribution Date and the portion of the compensating interest payments allocable to each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan to the extent received from the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer is referred to in this prospectus as the “Excess Prepayment Interest Shortfall” and will be allocated on that Distribution Date among each class of Regular Certificates, pro rata, in accordance with their respective Interest Accrual Amounts for that Distribution Date.

 

Subordination; Allocation of Realized Losses

 

The rights of holders of the Subordinate Certificates to receive distributions of amounts collected or advanced on the Mortgage Loans will be subordinated, to the extent described in this prospectus, to the rights of holders of the Senior Certificates. In particular, the rights of the holders of the Class A-S, Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates to receive distributions of interest and principal, as applicable, will be subordinated to such rights of the holders of the Senior Certificates. The Class A-S certificates will likewise be protected by the subordination of the Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates. The Class B certificates will likewise be protected by the subordination of the Class C, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates. The Class C certificates will likewise be protected by the subordination of the Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates.

 

This subordination will be effected in two ways: (i) by the preferential right of the holders of a class of certificates to receive on any Distribution Date the amounts of interest and/or principal distributable to them prior to any distribution being made on such Distribution Date in respect of any classes of certificates subordinate to that class (as described above under “—Distributions—Priority of Distributions) and (ii) by the allocation of Realized Losses to classes of certificates that are subordinate to more senior classes, as described below.

 

No other form of credit support will be available for the benefit of the Offered Certificates.

 

Prior to the Cross-Over Date, allocation of principal will be made as described under “—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” above. On or after the Cross-Over Date, allocation of principal will be made to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates that are still outstanding, pro rata (based upon their respective Certificate Balances), without regard to the Class A-SB Planned Principal Balance, until their Certificate Balances have been reduced to zero. See “—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” above.

 

Allocation to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, for so long as they are outstanding, of the entire Principal Distribution Amount for each Distribution Date will have the effect of reducing the aggregate Certificate Balance of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates at a proportionately faster rate than the rate at which the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the pool of Mortgage Loans will decline. Therefore, as principal is distributed to the holders of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, the

 

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percentage interest in the issuing entity evidenced by the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates will be decreased (with a corresponding increase in the percentage interest in the issuing entity evidenced by the Subordinate Certificates), thereby increasing, relative to their respective Certificate Balances, the subordination afforded to the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates by the Subordinate Certificates.

 

Following retirement of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates, the successive allocation on each Distribution Date of the remaining Principal Distribution Amount to the Class A-S, Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates, in that order, for so long as they are outstanding, will provide a similar, but diminishing benefit to those certificates (other than to the Class H-RR certificates) as to the relative amount of subordination afforded by the outstanding classes of certificates with later sequential designations.

 

On each Distribution Date, immediately following the distributions to be made to the Certificateholders on that date, the certificate administrator is required to calculate the Realized Loss for such Distribution Date.

 

The “Realized Loss” with respect to any Distribution Date is the amount, if any, by which (i) the aggregate Stated Principal Balance (for purposes of this calculation only, the aggregate Stated Principal Balance will not be reduced by the amount of principal payments received on the Mortgage Loans that were used to reimburse the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee from general collections of principal on the Mortgage Loans for Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts, to the extent those amounts are not otherwise determined to be Nonrecoverable Advances) of the Mortgage Loans, including any REO Loans (but in each case, excluding any Companion Loan) expected to be outstanding immediately following that Distribution Date is less than (ii) the then aggregate Certificate Balance of the Principal Balance Certificates after giving effect to distributions of principal on that Distribution Date. The certificate administrator will be required to allocate any Realized Losses among the respective classes of Principal Balance Certificates in the following order, until the Certificate Balance of each such class is reduced to zero:

 

first, to the Class H-RR certificates;

 

second, to the Class G-RR certificates;

 

third, to the Class F-RR certificates;

 

fourth, to the Class E-RR certificates;

 

fifth, to the Class D certificates;

 

sixth, to the Class C certificates;

 

seventh, to the Class B certificates; and

 

eighth, to the Class A-S certificates.

 

Following the reduction of the Certificate Balances of all classes of Subordinate Certificates to zero, the certificate administrator will be required to allocate Realized Losses among the Senior Certificates (other than the Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D Certificates), pro rata, based upon their respective Certificate Balances, until their respective Certificate Balances have been reduced to zero.

 

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Realized Losses will not be allocated to the Class V or Class R certificates and will not be directly allocated to the Class X Certificates. However, the Notional Amounts of the classes of Class X Certificates will be reduced if the related classes of Principal Balance Certificates are reduced by such Realized Losses.

 

In general, Realized Losses could result from the occurrence of: (1) losses and other shortfalls on or in respect of the Mortgage Loans, including as a result of defaults and delinquencies on the related Mortgage Loans, Nonrecoverable Advances made in respect of the Mortgage Loans, the payment to the special servicer of any compensation as described in “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses”, and the payment of interest on Advances and certain servicing expenses; and (2) certain unanticipated, non-Mortgage Loan-specific expenses of the issuing entity, including certain reimbursements to the certificate administrator or trustee as described under “Transaction Parties—The Trustee” or “—The Certificate Administrator”, and certain federal, state and local taxes, and certain tax-related expenses, payable out of the issuing entity, as described under “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations”.

 

A class of Regular Certificates will be considered outstanding until its Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as the case may be, is reduced to zero. However, notwithstanding a reduction of its Certificate Balance to zero, reimbursements of any previously allocated Realized Losses are required thereafter to be made to a class of Principal Balance Certificates in accordance with the payment priorities set forth in “—Distributions—Priority of Distributions” above.

 

Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information

 

Certificate Administrator Reports

 

On each Distribution Date, based in part on information delivered to it by the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, the certificate administrator will be required to prepare and make available to each Certificateholder of record a Distribution Date Statement providing the information required under Regulation AB and in the form of Annex B relating to distributions made on that date for the relevant class and the recent status of the Mortgage Loans.

 

In addition, the certificate administrator will include (to the extent it receives such information) (i) the identity of any Mortgage Loans permitting additional debt, identifying (A) the amount of any additional debt incurred during the related Collection Period, (B) the total DSCR calculated on the basis of the mortgage loan and such additional debt and (C) the aggregate loan-to-value ratio calculated on the basis of the mortgage loan and the additional debt in each applicable Form 10-D filed on behalf of the issuing entity and (ii) the beginning and ending account balances for each of the Securitization Accounts (for the applicable period) in each Form 10-D filed on behalf of the issuing entity.

 

Within a reasonable period of time after the end of each calendar year, the certificate administrator is required to furnish to each person or entity who at any time during the calendar year was a holder of a certificate, a statement with (i) the amount of the distribution on each Distribution Date in reduction of the Certificate Balance of the certificates and (ii) the amount of the distribution on each Distribution Date of the applicable Interest Accrual Amount, in each case, as to the applicable class, aggregated for the related calendar year or applicable partial year during which that person was a Certificateholder, together with any other information that the certificate administrator deems necessary or desirable, or that a Certificateholder or Certificate Owner reasonably requests, to enable Certificateholders to prepare their tax returns for that calendar year. This obligation of the

 

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certificate administrator will be deemed to have been satisfied to the extent that substantially comparable information will be provided by the certificate administrator pursuant to any requirements of the Code as from time to time are in force.

 

In addition, the certificate administrator will make available on its website (www.ctslink.com), to the extent received from the applicable person, on each Distribution Date to each Privileged Person the following reports (other than clause (1) below, the “CREFC® Reports”) prepared by the master servicer, the certificate administrator or the special servicer, as applicable (substantially in the form provided in the PSA, in the case of the Distribution Date Statement, which form is subject to change, and as required in the PSA in the case of the CREFC® Reports) and including substantially the following information:

 

(1)      a report as of the close of business on the immediately preceding Determination Date, containing the information provided for in Annex B (the “Distribution Date Statement”);

 

(2)      a Commercial Real Estate Finance Council (“CREFC®”) delinquent loan status report;

 

(3)      a CREFC® historical loan modification/forbearance and corrected mortgage loan report;

 

(4)      a CREFC® advance recovery report;

 

(5)      a CREFC® total loan report;

 

(6)      a CREFC® operating statement analysis report;

 

(7)      a CREFC® comparative financial status report;

 

(8)      a CREFC® net operating income adjustment worksheet;

 

(9)      a CREFC® real estate owned status report;

 

(10)   a CREFC® servicer watch list;

 

(11)   a CREFC® loan level reserve and letter of credit report;

 

(12)   a CREFC® property file;

 

(13)   a CREFC® financial file;

 

(14)   a CREFC® loan setup file (to the extent delivery is required under the PSA); and

 

(15)   a CREFC® loan periodic update file.

 

The master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, may omit any information from these reports that the master servicer or special servicer regards as confidential. Subject to any potential liability for willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause” and “—Limitation on Liability; Indemnification”, none of the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator will be responsible for the accuracy or completeness of any information supplied to it by a borrower, a mortgage loan seller or another party to the PSA or a party under any Non-Serviced PSA that is included in any reports, statements, materials or information prepared or provided by it. Some

 

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information will be made available to Certificateholders by electronic transmission as may be agreed upon between the depositor and the certificate administrator.

 

Before each Distribution Date, the master servicer will deliver to the certificate administrator by electronic means:

 

a CREFC® property file;

 

a CREFC® financial file;

 

a CREFC® loan setup file (to the extent delivery is required under the PSA);

 

a CREFC® loan periodic update file;

 

a CREFC® appraisal reduction template (to the extent received by the master servicer from the special servicer); and

 

a CREFC® Schedule AL file.

 

In addition, the master servicer (with respect to a Mortgage Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan or a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and REO Properties), as applicable, is also required to prepare the following for each Mortgaged Property securing a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and REO Property:

 

Within 45 days after receipt of a quarterly operating statement, if any, commencing within 45 days of receipt of such quarterly operating statement for the quarter ending March 31, 2019, a CREFC® operating statement analysis report but only to the extent the related borrower is required by the Mortgage Loan documents to deliver and does deliver, or otherwise agrees to provide and does provide, that information, for the Mortgaged Property or REO Property as of the end of that calendar quarter, provided, however, that any analysis or report with respect to the first calendar quarter of each year will not be required to the extent provided in the then-current applicable CREFC® guidelines (it being understood that as of the date of this prospectus, the applicable CREFC® guidelines provide that such analysis or report with respect to the first calendar quarter (in each year) is not required for a Mortgaged Property or REO Property unless such Mortgaged Property or REO Property is analyzed on a trailing 12-month basis, or if the related Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) is on the CREFC® Servicer Watch List).

 

Within 45 days after receipt by the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and REO Properties) or the master servicer (with respect to a Mortgage Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan or a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) of any annual operating statements or rent rolls (if and to the extent any such information is in the form of normalized year-end financial statements that has been based on a minimum number of months of operating results as recommended by CREFC® in the instructions to the CREFC® guidelines) commencing within 45 days of receipt of such annual operating statement for the calendar year ending December 31, 2019, a CREFC® net operating income adjustment worksheet, but only to the extent the related borrower is required by the Mortgage Loan documents to deliver and does deliver, or otherwise agrees to provide and does provide, that information, presenting the computation made in accordance with the methodology in the PSA to “normalize” the full year net operating income and debt service coverage numbers used by the master servicer to prepare the CREFC® comparative financial status report.

 

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Certificate Owners and any holder of a Serviced Companion Loan who are also Privileged Persons may also obtain access to any of the certificate administrator reports upon request and pursuant to the provisions of the PSA. Otherwise, until the time Definitive Certificates are issued to evidence the certificates, the information described above will be available to the related Certificate Owners only if DTC and its participants provide the information to the Certificate Owners.

 

Privileged Person” includes the depositor and its designees, the initial purchasers, the underwriters, the mortgage loan sellers, the master servicer, the special servicer (including, for the avoidance of doubt any Excluded Special Servicer), the trustee, the certificate administrator, any additional servicer designated by the master servicer or the special servicer, the operating advisor, any affiliate of the operating advisor designated by the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, any holder of a Companion Loan who provides an Investor Certification, any Non-Serviced Master Servicer, any Non-Serviced Special Servicer, any Other Master Servicer, any Other Special Servicer and any person (including the Directing Certificateholder) who provides the certificate administrator with an Investor Certification and any nationally recognized statistical rating organization within the meaning of Section 3(a)(62) of the Exchange Act (“NRSRO”), including any Rating Agency, that delivers an NRSRO Certification to the certificate administrator, which Investor Certification and NRSRO Certification may be submitted electronically via the certificate administrator’s website; provided that in no event may a Borrower Party (other than a Borrower Party that is the special servicer) be entitled to receive (i) if such party is the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder (each such party, as applicable, an “Excluded Controlling Class Holder”), any Excluded Information via the certificate administrator’s website unless a loan-by-loan segregation is later performed by the certificate administrator, in which case such access will only be prohibited with respect to the related Excluded Controlling Class Loans, and (ii) if such party is not the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder, any information other than the Distribution Date Statement; provided, further, however, that, if the special servicer obtains knowledge that it has become a Borrower Party, the special servicer will not directly or indirectly provide any information solely related to any related Excluded Special Servicer Loan, which may include any asset status reports, Final Asset Status Reports (or summaries thereof), and such other information as may be specified in the PSA pertaining to such Excluded Special Servicer Loan to the related Borrower Party, any of the special servicer’s employees or personnel or any of its affiliates involved in the management of any investment in the related Borrower Party or the related Mortgaged Property or, to its actual knowledge, any non-affiliate that holds a direct or indirect ownership interest in the related Borrower Party, and will maintain sufficient internal controls and appropriate policies and procedures in place in order to comply with those obligations; provided, further, however, that the special servicer will at all times be a Privileged Person, despite such restriction on information; provided, further, however, that any Excluded Controlling Class Holder will be permitted to reasonably request and obtain from the master servicer or the special servicer, in accordance with terms of the PSA, any Excluded Information relating to any Excluded Controlling Class Loan with respect to which such Excluded Controlling Class Holder is not a Borrower Party (if such Excluded Information is not otherwise available via the certificate administrator’s website on account of it constituting Excluded Information). Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary herein, neither the master servicer nor the certificate administrator will have any obligation to restrict access by the special servicer or any Excluded Special Servicer to any information related to any Excluded Special Servicer Loan.

 

In determining whether any person is an additional servicer or an affiliate of the operating advisor, the certificate administrator may rely on a certification by the master

 

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servicer, the special servicer, a mortgage loan seller or the operating advisor, as the case may be.

 

Borrower Party” means a borrower, a mortgagor, a manager of a Mortgaged Property, an Accelerated Mezzanine Loan Lender, or any Borrower Party Affiliate.

 

Borrower Party Affiliate” means, with respect to a borrower, a mortgagor, a manager of a Mortgaged Property or an Accelerated Mezzanine Loan Lender, (a) any other person controlling or controlled by or under common control with such borrower, mortgagor, manager or Accelerated Mezzanine Loan Lender, as applicable, or (b) any other person owning, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of the beneficial interests in such borrower, mortgagor, manager or Accelerated Mezzanine Loan Lender, as applicable. For purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified person means the power to direct the management and policies of such person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

 

Accelerated Mezzanine Loan Lender” means a mezzanine lender under a mezzanine loan that has been accelerated or as to which foreclosure or enforcement proceedings have been commenced against the equity collateral pledged to secure such mezzanine loan.

 

Excluded Controlling Class Loan” means a Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan with respect to which the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder is a Borrower Party.

 

Excluded Information” means, with respect to any Excluded Controlling Class Loan, any information solely related to such Excluded Controlling Class Loan, which may include any asset status reports, Final Asset Status Reports (or summaries thereof), inspection reports related to Specially Serviced Loans conducted by the special servicer or any Excluded Special Servicer and such other information as may be specified in the PSA specifically pertaining to such Excluded Controlling Class Loan and/or the related Mortgaged Properties, other than such information with respect to such Excluded Controlling Class Loan(s) that is aggregated with information of other Mortgage Loans at a pool level.

 

Excluded Loan” means a Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan with respect to which, as of any date of determination, the Directing Certificateholder or the holder of the majority of the Controlling Class is a Borrower Party. As of the Closing Date, it is expected that there will be no Excluded Loans with respect to this securitization.

 

Investor Certification” means a certificate (which may be in electronic form), substantially in the form attached to the PSA or in the form of an electronic certification contained on the certificate administrator’s website (which may be a click-through confirmation), representing (i) that such person executing the certificate is a Certificateholder, the Directing Certificateholder, a beneficial owner of a certificate, a Companion Holder or a prospective purchaser of a certificate (or any investment advisor, manager or other representative of the foregoing), (ii) that either (a) such person is not a Borrower Party, in which case such person will have access to all the reports and information made available to Certificateholders via the certificate administrator’s website under the PSA, or (b) such person is a Borrower Party, in which case (1) if such person is the Directing Certificateholder or a Controlling Class Certificateholder, such person will have access to all the reports and information made available to Certificateholders via the certificate administrator’s website under the PSA other than any Excluded Information as set forth in the PSA, or (2) if such person is not the Directing Certificateholder or a Controlling Class Certificateholder, such person will only receive access to the Distribution

 

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Date Statements prepared by the certificate administrator, (iii) (other than with respect to a Companion Holder) that such person has received a copy of the final prospectus and (iv) such person agrees to keep any Privileged Information confidential and will not violate any securities laws; provided, however, that any Excluded Controlling Class Holder (i) will be permitted to reasonably request and obtain from the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, in accordance with terms of PSA, any Excluded Information relating to any Excluded Controlling Class Loan with respect to which such Excluded Controlling Class Holder is not a Borrower Party (if such Excluded Information is not otherwise available via the certificate administrator’s website on account of it constituting Excluded Information) and (ii) will be considered a Privileged Person for all other purposes, except with respect to its ability to obtain information with respect to any related Excluded Controlling Class Loan. The certificate administrator may require that Investor Certifications be re-submitted from time to time in accordance with its policies and procedures and will restrict access to the certificate administrator’s website to any mezzanine lender upon notice from any party to the PSA that such mezzanine lender has become an Accelerated Mezzanine Loan Lender.

 

A “Certificateholder” is the person in whose name a certificate is registered in the certificate register or any beneficial owner thereof; provided, however, that solely for the purposes of giving any consent, approval, waiver or taking any action pursuant to the PSA, any certificate registered in the name of or beneficially owned by the master servicer, the special servicer (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any Excluded Special Servicer), the trustee, the certificate administrator, the depositor, any mortgage loan seller, a Borrower Party, or any affiliate of any of such persons will be deemed not to be outstanding (provided that notwithstanding the foregoing, any Controlling Class certificates owned by an Excluded Controlling Class Holder will not be deemed to be outstanding as to such Excluded Controlling Class Holder solely with respect to any related Excluded Controlling Class Loan; and provided, further, that any Controlling Class certificates owned by the special servicer or an affiliate thereof will not be deemed to be outstanding as to the special servicer or such affiliate solely with respect to any related Excluded Special Servicer Loan), and the Voting Rights to which it is entitled will not be taken into account in determining whether the requisite percentage of Voting Rights necessary to effect any such consent, approval, waiver or take any such action has been obtained; provided, however, that the foregoing restrictions will not apply in the case of the master servicer, the special servicer (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any Excluded Special Servicer), the trustee, the certificate administrator, the depositor, any mortgage loan seller or any affiliate of any of such persons unless such consent, approval or waiver sought from such party would in any way increase its compensation or limit its obligations in the named capacities under the PSA, waive a Servicer Termination Event or trigger an Asset Review (with respect to an Asset Review and any mortgage loan seller, solely with respect to any related Mortgage Loan subject to the Asset Review); provided, further, that so long as there is no Servicer Termination Event with respect to the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, the master servicer or special servicer or such affiliate of either will be entitled to exercise such Voting Rights with respect to any issue which could reasonably be believed to adversely affect such party’s compensation or increase its obligations or liabilities under the PSA; and provided, further, that such restrictions will not apply to (i) the exercise of the special servicer’s, the master servicer’s or any mortgage loan seller’s rights, if any, or any of their affiliates as a member of the Controlling Class or (ii) any affiliate of the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator that has provided an Investor Certification in which it has certified as to the existence of certain policies and procedures restricting the flow of information between it and the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator, as applicable.

 

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NRSRO Certification” means a certification (a) executed by an NRSRO or (b) provided electronically and executed by such NRSRO by means of a “click-through” confirmation on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website in favor of the 17g-5 Information Provider that states that such NRSRO is a Rating Agency as such term is defined in the PSA or that such NRSRO has provided the depositor with the appropriate certifications pursuant to paragraph (e) of Rule 17g-5 under the Exchange Act (“Rule 17g-5”), that such NRSRO has access to the depositor’s 17g-5 website, and that such NRSRO will keep such information confidential except to the extent such information has been made available to the general public.

 

Under the PSA, the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, is required to provide or make available to the holders of any Serviced Companion Loan (or their designee, including the Other Master Servicer or Other Special Servicer) certain other reports, copies and information relating to the related Serviced Whole Loan to the extent required under the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Certain information concerning the Mortgage Loans and the certificates, including the Distribution Date Statements, CREFC® reports and supplemental notices with respect to such Distribution Date Statements and CREFC® reports, may be provided by the certificate administrator at the direction of the depositor to certain market data providers, such as Bloomberg, L.P., Trepp, LLC, Intex Solutions, Inc., Interactive Data Corp., Markit Group Limited, BlackRock Financial Management, Inc., CMBS.com, Moody’s Analytics, MBS Data, LLC and Thomson Reuters Corporation, pursuant to the terms of the PSA.

 

Upon the reasonable request of any Certificateholder that has delivered an Investor Certification to the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans) and the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans) may provide (or make available electronically) at the expense of such Certificateholder copies of any appraisals, operating statements, rent rolls and financial statements obtained by the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, at the expense of such Certificateholder; provided that in connection with such request, the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, may require a written confirmation executed by the requesting person substantially in such form as may be reasonably acceptable to the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, generally to the effect that such person will keep such information confidential and will use such information only for the purpose of analyzing asset performance and evaluating any continuing rights the Certificateholder may have under the PSA. Upon the request of any Privileged Person (other than the NRSROs) to receive copies of annual operating statements, budgets and rent rolls either collected by the master servicer or the special servicer or caused to be prepared by the special servicer in respect of each REO Property, the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, will be required to deliver copies of such items to the certificate administrator to be posted on the certificate administrator’s website. Certificateholders will not, however, be given access to or be provided copies of, any Mortgage Files or Diligence Files.

 

Information Available Electronically

 

The certificate administrator will make available to any Privileged Person via the certificate administrator’s website initially located at www.ctslink.com (and will make available to the general public this prospectus, Distribution Date Statements, the PSA, the MLPAs and the SEC EDGAR filings referred to below):

 

the following “deal documents”:

 

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othis prospectus;

 

othe PSA, each sub-servicing agreement delivered to the certificate administrator from and after the Closing Date, if any, and the MLPAs and any amendments and exhibits to those agreements; and

 

othe CREFC® loan setup file delivered to the certificate administrator by the master servicer;

 

the following “SEC EDGAR filings”:

 

oany reports on Forms 10-D, 10-K, 8-K and ABS-EE that have been filed by the certificate administrator with respect to the issuing entity through the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering and Retrieval (EDGAR) system;

 

the following documents, which will be made available under a tab or heading designated “periodic reports”:

 

othe Distribution Date Statements;

 

othe CREFC® bond level files;

 

othe CREFC® collateral summary files;

 

othe CREFC® Reports, other than the CREFC® loan setup file and CREFC® Special Servicer Loan File (provided that they are received by the certificate administrator); and

 

othe annual reports as provided by the operating advisor;

 

the following documents, which will be made available under a tab or heading designated “additional documents”:

 

othe summary of any Final Asset Status Report as provided by the special servicer;

 

oany property inspection reports, any environmental reports and appraisals delivered to the certificate administrator in electronic format;

 

oany appraisals delivered in connection with any Asset Status Report; and

 

oany CREFC® appraisal reduction template received by the certificate administrator;

 

the following documents, which will be made available under a tab or heading designated “special notices”:

 

onotice of any release based on an environmental release under the PSA;

 

onotice of any waiver, modification or amendment of any term of any Mortgage Loan;

 

onotice of final payment on the certificates;

 

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oall notices of the occurrence of any Servicer Termination Event received by the certificate administrator or any notice to Certificateholders of the termination of the master servicer or special servicer;

 

oany notice of resignation or termination of the master servicer or special servicer;

 

onotice of resignation of the trustee or the certificate administrator, and notice of the acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee or the successor certificate administrator, as applicable;

 

oany notice of any request by requisite percentage of Certificateholders for a vote to terminate the special servicer, the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer;

 

oany notice to Certificateholders of the operating advisor’s recommendation to replace the special servicer and the related report prepared by the operating advisor in connection with such recommendation;

 

onotice of resignation or termination of the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer and notice of the acceptance of appointment by the successor operating advisor or the successor asset representations reviewer;

 

onotice of the certificate administrator’s determination that an Asset Review Trigger has occurred and a copy of any Asset Review Report Summary received by the certificate administrator;

 

oofficer’s certificates supporting any determination that any Advance was (or, if made, would be) a Nonrecoverable Advance;

 

oany notice of the termination of the issuing entity;

 

oany notice that a Control Termination Event has occurred or is terminated or that a Consultation Termination Event has occurred or is terminated (provided that with respect to a Control Termination Event or a Consultation Termination Event deemed to exist due solely to the existence of an Excluded Loan, the certificate administrator will only be required to make available such notice of the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event or the notice of the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event to the extent the certificate administrator has been notified of such Excluded Loan);

 

oany notice that an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has occurred or is terminated;

 

oany notice of the occurrence of an Operating Advisor Termination Event;

 

oany notice of the occurrence of an Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event;

 

oany Proposed Course of Action Notice;

 

oany assessment of compliance delivered to the certificate administrator;

 

oany Attestation Reports delivered to the certificate administrator; and

 

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oany “special notices” requested by a Certificateholder to be posted on the certificate administrator’s website described under “—Certificateholder Communication” below;

 

oAny notice or documents provided to the certificate administrator by the Depositor or the Master Servicer directing the certificate administrator to post to the “Special Notices” tab;

 

the “Investor Q&A Forum”;

 

solely to Certificateholders and Certificate Owners that are Privileged Persons, the “Investor Registry”; and

 

the “Risk Retention Special Notices” tab,

 

provided that with respect to a Control Termination Event or a Consultation Termination Event that is deemed to exist due solely to the existence of an Excluded Loan, the certificate administrator will only be required to provide notice of the occurrence and continuance of such event if it has been notified of or has knowledge of the existence of such Excluded Loan.

 

The certificate administrator will, in addition to posting the applicable notices on the “Risk Retention Special Notices” tab described above, provide email notification to any Privileged Person (other than financial market publishers) that has registered to receive access to the certificate administrator’s website that a notice has been posted to the “Risk Retention Special Notices” tab. In the event that the Retaining Sponsor determines that the Retaining Party or a Third-Party Purchaser no longer complies with certain specified provisions of the Credit Risk Retention Rules, it will be required to send written notice of such non-compliance to the certificate administrator, who will be required to post such notice on its website under the “Risk Retention Special Notices” tab.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder, as applicable, is an Excluded Controlling Class Holder, such Excluded Controlling Class Holder is required to promptly notify the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the trustee and the certificate administrator pursuant to the PSA and provide an Investor Certification pursuant to the PSA and will not be entitled to access any Excluded Information (unless a loan-by-loan segregation is later performed by the certificate administrator in which case such access will only be prohibited with respect to the related Excluded Controlling Class Loan(s)) made available on the certificate administrator’s website for so long as it is an Excluded Controlling Class Holder. The PSA will require each Excluded Controlling Class Holder in such new Investor Certification to certify that it acknowledges and agrees that it is prohibited from accessing and reviewing (and it agrees not to access and review) any Excluded Information. In addition, if the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder is not an Excluded Controlling Class Holder, such person will certify and agree that they will not share any Excluded Information with any Excluded Controlling Class Holder.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing set forth in the PSA will prohibit the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder from receiving, requesting or reviewing any Excluded Information relating to any Excluded Controlling Class Loan with respect to which the Directing Certificateholder or such Controlling Class Certificateholder is not a Borrower Party and, if such Excluded Information is not available via the certificate administrator’s website on account of it constituting Excluded Information, such Directing Certificateholder or Controlling Class Certificateholder that is not a Borrower Party with

 

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respect to the related Excluded Controlling Class Loan will be permitted to obtain such information in accordance with the terms of the PSA.

 

Any reports on Form 10-D filed by the certificate administrator will (i) contain the information required by Rule 15Ga-1(a) concerning all Mortgage Loans held by the issuing entity that were the subject of a demand to repurchase or replace due to a breach or alleged breach of one or more representations and warranties made by the related mortgage loan seller, (ii) contain a reference to the most recent Form ABS-15G filed by the depositor and the mortgage loan sellers, if applicable, and the SEC’s assigned “Central Index Key” for each such filer, (iii) contain certain account balances to the extent available to the certificate administrator and (iv) incorporate the most recent Form ABS-EE filing by reference (which such Form ABS-EE will be filed on or prior to the filing of the applicable report on Form 10-D).

 

The certificate administrator will not make any representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any report, document or other information made available on the certificate administrator’s website and will assume no responsibility for any such report, document or other information, other than with respect to such reports, documents or other information prepared by the certificate administrator. In addition, the certificate administrator may disclaim responsibility for any information distributed by it for which it is not the original source.

 

In connection with providing access to the certificate administrator’s website (other than with respect to access provided to the general public in accordance with the PSA), the certificate administrator may require registration and the acceptance of a disclaimer, including an agreement to keep certain nonpublic information made available on the website confidential, as required under the PSA. The certificate administrator will not be liable for the dissemination of information in accordance with the PSA.

 

The certificate administrator will make the “Investor Q&A Forum” available to Privileged Persons via the certificate administrator’s website under a tab or heading designated “Investor Q&A Forum”, where (i) Certificateholders and beneficial owners that are Privileged Persons may submit inquiries to (a) the certificate administrator relating to the Distribution Date Statements, (b) the master servicer or special servicer relating to servicing reports prepared by that party, the Mortgage Loans (excluding each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or the related Mortgaged Properties or (c) the operating advisor relating to annual or other reports prepared by the operating advisor or actions by the special servicer referenced in such reports, and (ii) Privileged Persons may view previously submitted inquiries and related answers. The certificate administrator will forward such inquiries to the appropriate person and, in the case of an inquiry relating to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, to the applicable party under the related Non-Serviced PSA. The certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer or the operating advisor, as applicable, will be required to answer each inquiry, unless such party determines (i) the question is beyond the scope of the topics detailed above, (ii) that answering the inquiry would not be in the best interests of the issuing entity and/or the Certificateholders, (iii) that answering the inquiry would be in violation of applicable law, the PSA (including requirements in respect of non-disclosure of Privileged Information) or the Mortgage Loan documents, (iv) that answering the inquiry would materially increase the duties of, or result in significant additional cost or expense to, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer or the operating advisor, as applicable, (v) that answering the inquiry would require the disclosure of Privileged Information (subject to the Privileged Information Exception), (vi) that answering the inquiry would or is reasonably expected to result in a waiver of an attorney-client privilege or disclosure of attorney work product or (vii) that answering the inquiry is otherwise, for any reason, not advisable. In addition, no party will post or otherwise

 

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disclose any direct communications with the Directing Certificateholder as part of its responses to any inquiries. In the case of an inquiry relating to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the certificate administrator is required to make reasonable efforts to obtain an answer from the applicable party under the related Non-Serviced PSA; provided that the certificate administrator will not be responsible for the content of such answer, or any delay or failure to obtain such answer. The certificate administrator will be required to post the inquiries and related answers, if any, on the Investor Q&A Forum, subject to and in accordance with the PSA. The Investor Q&A Forum may not reflect questions, answers and other communications that are not submitted through the certificate administrator’s website. Answers posted on the Investor Q&A Forum will be attributable only to the respondent, and will not be deemed to be answers from any of the depositor, the underwriters or any of their respective affiliates. None of the underwriters, depositor, any of their respective affiliates or any other person will certify as to the accuracy of any of the information posted in the Investor Q&A Forum and no such person will have any responsibility or liability for the content of any such information.

 

The certificate administrator will make the “Investor Registry” available to any Certificateholder and beneficial owner that is a Privileged Person via the certificate administrator’s website. Certificateholders and beneficial owners may register on a voluntary basis for the “Investor Registry” and obtain contact information for any other Certificateholder or beneficial owner that has also registered, provided that they comply with certain requirements as provided for in the PSA.

 

The certificate administrator’s internet website will initially be located at www.ctslink.com. Access will be provided by the certificate administrator to such persons upon receipt by the certificate administrator from such person of an Investor Certification or NRSRO Certification in the form(s) attached to the PSA, which form(s) will also be located on and submitted electronically via the certificate administrator’s internet website. The parties to the PSA will not be required to provide that certification. In connection with providing access to the certificate administrator’s internet website, the certificate administrator may require registration and the acceptance of a disclaimer. The certificate administrator will not be liable for the dissemination of information in accordance with the terms of the PSA. The certificate administrator will make no representation or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of such documents and will assume no responsibility for them. In addition, the certificate administrator may disclaim responsibility for any information distributed by the certificate administrator for which it is not the original source. Assistance in using the certificate administrator’s internet website can be obtained by calling the certificate administrator’s customer service desk at 866-846-4526.

 

The certificate administrator is responsible for the preparation of tax returns on behalf of the issuing entity and the preparation of Distribution Reports on Form 10-D (based on information included in each monthly Distribution Date Statement and other information provided by other transaction parties) and Annual Reports on Form 10-K and certain other reports on Form 8-K that are required to be filed with the SEC on behalf of the issuing entity.

 

17g-5 Information Provider” means the certificate administrator.

 

The PSA will permit the master servicer and the special servicer, at their respective sole cost and expense, to make available by electronic media, bulletin board service or internet website any reports or other information the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, is required or permitted to provide to any party to the PSA, the Rating Agencies or any Certificateholder or any prospective Certificateholder that has provided the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, with an Investor Certification or has executed

 

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a “click-through” confidentiality agreement in accordance with the PSA to the extent such action does not conflict with the terms of the PSA (including, without limitation, any requirements to keep Privileged Information confidential), the terms of the Mortgage Loans or applicable law. However, the availability of such information or reports on the internet or similar electronic media will not be deemed to satisfy any specific delivery requirements in the PSA except as set forth therein.

 

Except as otherwise set forth in this paragraph, until the time definitive certificates are issued, notices and statements required to be mailed to holders of certificates will be available to Certificate Owners of certificates only to the extent they are forwarded by or otherwise available through DTC and its Participants. Conveyance of notices and other communications by DTC to Participants, and by Participants to Certificate Owners, will be governed by arrangements among them, subject to any statutory or regulatory requirements as may be in effect from time to time. Except as otherwise set forth in this paragraph, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator and the depositor are required to recognize as Certificateholders only those persons in whose names the certificates are registered on the books and records of the certificate registrar. The initial registered holder of the certificates will be Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC.

 

Voting Rights

 

At all times during the term of the PSA, the voting rights for the certificates (the “Voting Rights”) will be allocated among the respective classes of Certificateholders as follows:

 

(1)       2% in the case of the Class X Certificates, allocated pro rata, based upon their respective Notional Amounts as of the date of determination, and

 

(2)       in the case of any Principal Balance Certificates, a percentage equal to the product of 98% and a fraction, the numerator of which is equal to the aggregate Certificate Balance (and solely in connection with certain votes relating to the replacement of the special servicer or the operating advisor as described in this prospectus, taking into account any notional reduction in the Certificate Balance for Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts allocated to the certificates) of the class, in each case, determined as of the prior Distribution Date, and the denominator of which is equal to the aggregate Certificate Balance (and solely in connection with certain votes relating to the replacement of the special servicer or the operating advisor as described in this prospectus, taking into account any notional reduction in the Certificate Balance for Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts allocated to the certificates) of the Principal Balance Certificates, determined as of the prior Distribution Date.

 

The Voting Rights of any class of certificates are required to be allocated among Certificateholders of such class in proportion to their respective Percentage Interests.

 

The Class V and Class R certificates will not be entitled to any Voting Rights.

 

Delivery, Form, Transfer and Denomination

 

The Offered Certificates (other than the Class X-A and Class X-B Certificates) will be issued, maintained and transferred in the book-entry form only in minimum denominations of $10,000 initial Certificate Balance, and in multiples of $1 in excess of $10,000. The Class X-A and Class X-B Certificates will be issued, maintained and transferred only in minimum denominations of authorized initial Notional Amounts of not less than $1,000,000 and in integral multiples of $1 in excess of $1,000,000.

 

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Book-Entry Registration

 

The Offered Certificates will initially be represented by one or more global certificates for each such class registered in the name of a nominee of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”). The depositor has been informed by DTC that DTC’s nominee will be Cede & Co. No holder of an Offered Certificate will be entitled to receive a certificate issued in fully registered, certificated form (each, a “Definitive Certificate”) representing its interest in such class, except under the limited circumstances described under “―Definitive Certificates” below. Unless and until Definitive Certificates are issued, all references to actions by holders of the Offered Certificates will refer to actions taken by DTC upon instructions received from holders of Offered Certificates through its participating organizations (together with Clearstream Banking, société anonyme (“Clearstream”) and Euroclear Bank, as operator of the Euroclear System (“Euroclear”) participating organizations, the “Participants”), and all references in this prospectus to payments, notices, reports, statements and other information to holders of Offered Certificates will refer to payments, notices, reports and statements to DTC or Cede & Co., as the registered holder of the Offered Certificates, for distribution to holders of Offered Certificates through its Participants in accordance with DTC procedures; provided, however, that to the extent that the party to the PSA responsible for distributing any report, statement or other information has been provided in writing with the name of the Certificate Owner of such an Offered Certificate (or the prospective transferee of such Certificate Owner), such report, statement or other information will be provided to such Certificate Owner (or prospective transferee).

 

Until Definitive Certificates are issued in respect of the Offered Certificates, interests in the Offered Certificates will be transferred on the book-entry records of DTC and its Participants. The certificate administrator will initially serve as certificate registrar for purposes of recording and otherwise providing for the registration of the Offered Certificates.

 

Holders of Offered Certificates may hold their certificates through DTC (in the United States) or Clearstream or Euroclear (in Europe) if they are Participants of such system, or indirectly through organizations that are participants in such systems. Clearstream and Euroclear will hold omnibus positions on behalf of the Clearstream Participants and the Euroclear Participants, respectively, through customers’ securities accounts in Clearstream’s and Euroclear’s names on the books of their respective depositories (collectively, the “Depositories”), which in turn will hold such positions in customers’ securities accounts in the Depositories’ names on the books of DTC. DTC is a limited purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a “banking organization” within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to Section 17A of the Exchange Act. DTC was created to hold securities for its Participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between Participants through electronic computerized book-entries, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. Participants (“DTC Participants”) include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations. Indirect access to the DTC system also is available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either directly or indirectly (“Indirect Participants”).

 

Transfers between DTC Participants will occur in accordance with DTC rules. Transfers between Clearstream Participants and Euroclear Participants will occur in accordance with the applicable rules and operating procedures of Clearstream and Euroclear.

 

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Cross-market transfers between persons holding directly or indirectly through DTC, on the one hand, and directly through Clearstream Participants or Euroclear Participants, on the other, will be effected in DTC in accordance with DTC rules on behalf of the relevant European international clearing system by its Depository; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to the relevant European international clearing system by the counterparty in such system in accordance with its rules and procedures and within its established deadlines (European time). The relevant European international clearing system will, if the transaction meets its settlement requirements, deliver instructions to its Depository to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving securities in DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for same-day funds settlement applicable to DTC. Clearstream Participants and Euroclear Participants may not deliver instructions directly to the Depositories.

 

Because of time-zone differences, credits of securities in Clearstream or Euroclear as a result of a transaction with a DTC Participant will be made during the subsequent securities settlement processing, dated the business day following the DTC settlement date, and such credits or any transactions in such securities settled during such processing will be reported to the relevant Clearstream Participant or Euroclear Participant on such business day. Cash received in Clearstream or Euroclear as a result of sales of securities by or through a Clearstream Participant or a Euroclear Participant to a DTC Participant will be received with value on the DTC settlement date but will be available in the relevant Clearstream or Euroclear cash account only as of the business day following settlement in DTC.

 

The holders of Offered Certificates that are not Participants or Indirect Participants but desire to purchase, sell or otherwise transfer ownership of, or other interests in, such Offered Certificates may do so only through Participants and Indirect Participants. In addition, holders of Offered Certificates in global form (“Certificate Owners”) will receive all distributions of principal and interest through the Participants who in turn will receive them from DTC. Under a book-entry format, holders of such Offered Certificates may experience some delay in their receipt of payments, since such payments will be forwarded by the certificate administrator to Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC. DTC will forward such payments to its Participants, which thereafter will forward them to Indirect Participants or the applicable Certificate Owners. Certificate Owners will not be recognized by the trustee, the certificate administrator, the certificate registrar, the operating advisor, the special servicer or the master servicer as holders of record of certificates and Certificate Owners will be permitted to receive information furnished to Certificateholders and to exercise the rights of Certificateholders only indirectly through DTC and its Participants and Indirect Participants, except that Certificate Owners will be entitled to receive or have access to notices and information and to exercise certain rights as holders of beneficial interests in the certificates through the certificate administrator and the trustee to the extent described in “—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information, —Certificateholder Communicationand —List of Certificateholdersand Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor, —The Asset Representations Reviewer,”—Replacement of the Special Servicer Without Cause”, —Replacement of the Special Servicer After Operating Advisor Recommendation and Certificateholder Vote, —Limitation on Rights of Certificateholders to Institute a Proceeding, —Termination; Retirement of Certificates” and “—Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator”.

 

Under the rules, regulations and procedures creating and affecting DTC and its operations (the “DTC Rules”), DTC is required to make book-entry transfers of Offered Certificates in global form among Participants on whose behalf it acts with respect to such Offered Certificates and to receive and transmit distributions of principal of, and interest on,

 

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such Offered Certificates. Participants and Indirect Participants with which the Certificate Owners have accounts with respect to the Offered Certificates similarly are required to make book-entry transfers and receive and transmit such payments on behalf of their respective Certificate Owners. Accordingly, although the Certificate Owners will not possess the Offered Certificates, the DTC Rules provide a mechanism by which Certificate Owners will receive payments on Offered Certificates and will be able to transfer their interest.

 

Because DTC can only act on behalf of Participants, who in turn act on behalf of Indirect Participants and certain banks, the ability of a holder of Offered Certificates in global form to pledge such Offered Certificates to persons or entities that do not participate in the DTC system, or to otherwise act with respect to such Offered Certificates, may be limited due to the lack of a physical certificate for such Offered Certificates.

 

DTC has advised the depositor that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a holder of an Offered Certificate under the PSA only at the direction of one or more Participants to whose accounts with DTC such certificate is credited. DTC may take conflicting actions with respect to other undivided interests to the extent that such actions are taken on behalf of Participants whose holdings include such undivided interests.

 

Clearstream is incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg and is a global securities settlement clearing house. Clearstream holds securities for its participating organizations (“Clearstream Participants”) and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between Clearstream Participants through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of Clearstream Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. Transactions may be settled in Clearstream in numerous currencies, including United States dollars. Clearstream provides to its Clearstream Participants, among other things, services for safekeeping, administration, clearance and settlement of internationally traded securities and securities lending and borrowing. Clearstream interfaces with domestic markets in several countries. Clearstream is regulated as a bank by the Luxembourg Monetary Institute. Clearstream Participants are recognized financial institutions around the world, including underwriters, securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations and may include the underwriters. Indirect access to Clearstream is also available to others, such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Clearstream Participant, either directly or indirectly.

 

Euroclear was created in 1968 to hold securities for participants of the Euroclear system (“Euroclear Participants”) and to clear and settle transactions between Euroclear Participants through simultaneous electronic book-entry delivery against payment, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates and any risk from lack of simultaneous transfers of securities and cash. Transactions may now be settled in any of numerous currencies, including United States dollars. The Euroclear system includes various other services, including securities lending and borrowing and interfaces with domestic markets in several countries generally similar to the arrangements for cross-market transfers with DTC described above. Euroclear is operated by Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V. (the “Euroclear Operator”). All operations are conducted by the Euroclear Operator, and all Euroclear securities clearance accounts and Euroclear cash accounts are accounts with the Euroclear Operator. Euroclear Participants include banks (including central banks), securities brokers and dealers and other professional financial intermediaries and may include the underwriters. Indirect access to the Euroclear system is also available to other firms that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Euroclear Participant, either directly or indirectly.

 

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Securities clearance accounts and cash accounts with the Euroclear Operator are governed by the Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear and the related operating procedures of the Euroclear System and applicable Belgian law (collectively, the “Terms and Conditions”). The Terms and Conditions govern transfers of securities and cash within the Euroclear system, withdrawal of securities and cash from the Euroclear system, and receipts of payments with respect to securities in the Euroclear system. All securities in the Euroclear system are held on a fungible basis without attribution of specific certificates to specific securities clearance accounts. The Euroclear Operator acts under the Terms and Conditions only on behalf of Euroclear Participants and has no record of or relationship with persons holding through Euroclear Participants.

 

Although DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream have implemented the foregoing procedures in order to facilitate transfers of interests in book-entry securities among Participants of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream, they are under no obligation to perform or to continue to comply with such procedures, and such procedures may be discontinued at any time. None of the depositor, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer or the underwriters will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or their respective direct or indirect Participants of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures governing their operations.

 

Definitive Certificates

 

Owners of beneficial interests in book-entry certificates of any class will not be entitled to receive physical delivery of Definitive Certificates unless: (i) DTC advises the certificate registrar in writing that DTC is no longer willing or able to discharge properly its responsibilities as depository with respect to the book-entry certificates of such class or ceases to be a clearing agency, and the certificate administrator and the depositor are unable to locate a qualified successor within 90 days of such notice or (ii) the trustee has instituted or has been directed to institute any judicial proceeding to enforce the rights of the Certificateholders of such class and the trustee has been advised by counsel that in connection with such proceeding it is necessary or appropriate for the trustee to obtain possession of the certificates of such class.

 

The Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates may only be issued as Definitive Certificates and held by the certificate administrator pursuant to the PSA. Any request for release of a Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR or Class H-RR certificate is subject to any additional requirements pursuant to the PSA.

 

The Class R certificates may only be issued as Definitive Certificates.

 

Certificateholder Communication

 

Access to Certificateholders’ Names and Addresses

 

Upon the written request of any Certificateholder or Certificate Owner that has delivered an executed Investor Certification to the trustee or the certificate administrator (a “Certifying Certificateholder”), the certificate administrator (in its capacity as certificate registrar) will promptly furnish or cause to be furnished to such requesting party a list of the names and addresses of the certificateholders as of the most recent Record Date as they appear in the certificate register, at the expense of the requesting party.

 

Requests to Communicate

 

The PSA will require that the certificate administrator include on any Form 10–D any request received prior to the Distribution Date to which such Form 10-D relates (and on or

 

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after the Distribution Date preceding such Distribution Date) from a Certificateholder or Certificate Owner to communicate with other Certificateholders or Certificate Owners related to Certificateholders or Certificate Owners exercising their rights under the terms of the PSA. Any Form 10-D containing such disclosure regarding the request to communicate is required to include the following and no more than the following: (i) the name of the Certificateholder or Certificate Owner making the request, (ii) the date the request was received, (iii) a statement to the effect that the certificate administrator has received such request, stating that such Certificateholder or Certificate Owner is interested in communicating with other Certificateholders or Certificate Owners with regard to the possible exercise of rights under the PSA, and (iv) a description of the method other Certificateholders or Certificate Owners may use to contact the requesting Certificateholder or Certificate Owner.

 

Any Certificateholder or Certificate Owner wishing to communicate with other Certificateholders and Certificate Owners regarding the exercise of its rights under the terms of the PSA (such party, a “Requesting Investor”) should deliver a written request (a “Communication Request”) signed by an authorized representative of the Requesting Investor to the certificate administrator at the address below:

 

9062 Old Annapolis Road
Columbia, Maryland 21045
Attention: Corporate Trust Administration Group – WFCM 2018-C48

 

With a copy to:
trustadministrationgroup@wellsfargo.com

 

Any Communication Request must contain the name of the Requesting Investor and the method other Certificateholders and Certificate Owners should use to contact the Requesting Investor, and, if the Requesting Investor is not the registered holder of a class of certificates, then the Communication Request must contain (i) a written certification from the Requesting Investor that it is a beneficial owner of a class of certificates, and (ii) one of the following forms of documentation evidencing its beneficial ownership in such class of certificates: (A) a trade confirmation, (B) an account statement, (C) a medallion stamp guaranteed letter from a broker or dealer stating the Requesting Investor is the beneficial owner, or (D) a document acceptable to the certificate administrator that is similar to any of the documents identified in clauses (A) through (C). The certificate administrator will not be permitted to require any information other than the foregoing in verifying a certificateholder’s or certificate owner’s identity in connection with a Communication Request. Requesting Investors will be responsible for their own expenses in making any Communication Request, but will not be required to bear any expenses of the certificate administrator.

 

List of Certificateholders

 

Upon the written request of any Certificateholder, which is required to include a copy of the communication the Certificateholder proposes to transmit, that has provided an Investor Certification, which request is made for purposes of communicating with other holders of certificates of the same series with respect to their rights under the PSA or the certificates, the certificate registrar or other specified person will, within 10 business days after receipt of such request afford such Certificateholder (at such Certificateholder’s sole cost and expense) access during normal business hours to the most recent list of Certificateholders related to the class of certificates.

 

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Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements

 

General

 

On the Closing Date, the depositor will acquire the Mortgage Loans from each mortgage loan seller pursuant to a separate mortgage loan purchase agreement (each, an “MLPA”), between the related mortgage loan seller and the depositor.

 

Under the applicable MLPA, the depositor will require each mortgage loan seller to deliver to the certificate administrator, in its capacity as custodian, among other things, generally the following documents (except that the documents with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loans (other than the original promissory note) will be held by the custodian under the related Non-Serviced PSA) with respect to each Mortgage Loan sold by the mortgage loan seller (collectively, as to each Mortgage Loan, the “Mortgage File”):

 

(i)   the original Mortgage Note, endorsed on its face or by allonge to the Mortgage Note, without recourse, to the order of the trustee or in blank and further showing a complete, unbroken chain of endorsement from the originator (or, if the original Mortgage Note has been lost, an affidavit to such effect from the related mortgage loan seller or another prior holder, together with a copy of the Mortgage Note and an indemnity properly assigned and endorsed to the trustee);

 

(ii)  the original or a copy of the Mortgage, together with an original or copy of any intervening assignments of the Mortgage, in each case with evidence of recording indicated thereon or certified to have been submitted for recording;

 

(iii)  an original assignment of the Mortgage in favor of the trustee or in blank and (subject to the completion of certain missing recording information and, if applicable, the assignee’s name) in recordable form (or, if the related mortgage loan seller is responsible for the recordation of that assignment, a copy thereof certified to be the copy of such assignment submitted or to be submitted for recording);

 

(iv)   the original or a copy of any related assignment of leases and of any intervening assignments (if such item is a document separate from the Mortgage), with evidence of recording indicated thereon or certified to have been submitted for recording;

 

(v)    an original assignment of any related assignment of leases (if such item is a document separate from the Mortgage) in favor of the trustee or in blank and (subject to the completion of certain missing recording information and, if applicable, the assignee’s name) in recordable form (or, if the related mortgage loan seller is responsible for the recordation of that assignment, a copy thereof certified to be the copy of such assignment submitted or to be submitted for recording);

 

(vi)   the original assignment of all unrecorded documents relating to the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, if not already assigned pursuant to items (iii) or (v) above;

 

(vii)  originals or copies of all modification, consolidation, assumption, written assurance and substitution agreements in those instances in which the terms or provisions of the Mortgage or Mortgage Note have been modified or the Mortgage Loan has been assumed or consolidated;

 

(viii)  the original or a copy of the policy or certificate of lender’s title insurance issued in connection with the origination of such Mortgage Loan, or, if such policy

 

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has not been issued or located, an irrevocable, binding commitment (which may be a marked version of the policy that has been executed by an authorized representative of the title company or an agreement to provide the same pursuant to binding escrow instructions executed by an authorized representative of the title company) to issue such title insurance policy;

 

(ix)  any filed copies (bearing evidence of filing) or evidence of filing of any Uniform Commercial Code financing statements, related amendments and continuation statements in the possession of the related mortgage loan seller;

 

(x)   an original assignment in favor of the trustee of any financing statement executed and filed in favor of the related mortgage loan seller or an affiliate thereof in the relevant jurisdiction (or, if the related mortgage loan seller is responsible for the filing of that assignment, a copy thereof certified to be the copy of such assignment submitted or to be submitted for recording);

 

(xi)  the original or a copy of any intercreditor agreement relating to existing debt of the borrower, including any Intercreditor Agreement relating to a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xii)  the original or copies of any loan agreement, escrow agreement, security agreement or letter of credit relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xiii)  the original or a copy of any ground lease, ground lessor estoppel, environmental insurance policy, environmental indemnity or guaranty relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xiv)   the original or a copy of any property management agreement relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xv)   the original or a copy of any franchise agreements and comfort letters or similar agreements relating to a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and, with respect to any franchise agreement, comfort letter or similar agreement, any assignment of such agreements or any notice to the franchisor of the transfer of a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and/or request for the issuance of a new comfort letter in favor of the trustee, in each case as applicable;

 

(xvi)   the original or a copy of any lock-box or cash management agreement relating to a Mortgage Loan;

 

(xvii)  the original or a copy of any related mezzanine intercreditor agreement;

 

(xviii)  the original or a copy of all related environmental insurance policies; and

 

(xix)   a list related to such Mortgage Loan indicating the related Mortgage Loan documents included in the related Mortgage File as of the Closing Date;

 

provided that with respect to any Mortgage Loan which is a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan on the Closing Date, the foregoing documents (other than the documents described in clause (i) above) will be delivered to and held by the custodian under the related Non-Serviced PSA on or prior to the Closing Date.

 

In addition, each mortgage loan seller will be required to deliver the Diligence Files for each of its Mortgage Loans to the depositor by uploading such Diligence Files to the

 

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designated website, and the depositor will deliver to the certificate administrator an electronic copy of such Diligence Files to be posted to the secure data room.

 

Diligence File” means with respect to each Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, if applicable, generally the following documents in electronic format:

 

(a)A copy of each of the following documents:

 

(i)     the Mortgage Note, endorsed on its face or by allonge attached to the Mortgage Note, without recourse, to the order of the trustee or in blank and further showing a complete, unbroken chain of endorsement from the originator (or, if the original Mortgage Note has been lost, an affidavit to such effect from the applicable mortgage loan seller or another prior holder, together with a copy of the Mortgage Note and an indemnity properly assigned and endorsed to the trustee);

 

(ii)    the Mortgage, together with a copy of any intervening assignments of the Mortgage, in each case with evidence of recording indicated thereon or certified to have been submitted for recording (if in the possession of the applicable mortgage loan seller);

 

(iii)   any related assignment of leases and of any intervening assignments (if such item is a document separate from the Mortgage), with evidence of recording indicated thereon or certified to have been submitted for recording (if in the possession of the applicable mortgage loan seller);

 

(iv)   all modification, consolidation, assumption, written assurance and substitution agreements in those instances in which the terms or provisions of the Mortgage or Mortgage Note have been modified or the Mortgage Loan has been assumed or consolidated;

 

(v)    the policy or certificate of lender’s title insurance issued on the date of the origination of such Mortgage Loan, or, if such policy has not been issued or located, an irrevocable, binding commitment (which may be a marked version of the policy that has been executed by an authorized representative of the title company or an agreement to provide the same pursuant to binding escrow instructions executed by an authorized representative of the title company) to issue such title insurance policy;

 

(vi)   any UCC financing statements, related amendments and continuation statements in the possession of the applicable mortgage loan seller;

 

(vii)   any intercreditor agreement relating to permitted debt of the mortgagor, including any intercreditor agreement relating to a Serviced Whole Loan, and any related mezzanine intercreditor agreement;

 

(viii)   any loan agreement, escrow agreement, security agreement or letter of credit relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(ix)    any ground lease, related ground lessor estoppel, indemnity or guaranty relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(x)     any property management agreement relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

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(xi)    any franchise agreements and comfort letters or similar agreements relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan and, with respect to any franchise agreement, comfort letter or similar agreement, any assignment of such agreements or any notice to the franchisor of the transfer of a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xii)   any lock-box or cash management agreement relating to a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan;

 

(xiii)   all related environmental reports; and

 

(xiv)   all related environmental insurance policies;

 

(b)a copy of any engineering reports or property condition reports;

 

(c)other than with respect to a hotel property (except with respect to tenanted commercial space within a hotel property), copies of a rent roll;

 

(d)for any office, retail, industrial or warehouse property, a copy of all leases and estoppels and subordination and non-disturbance agreements delivered to the related mortgage loan seller;

 

(e)a copy of all legal opinions (excluding attorney-client communications between the related mortgage loan seller or an affiliate thereof, and its counsel that are privileged communications or constitute legal or other due diligence analyses), if any, delivered in connection with the closing of the related Mortgage Loan;

 

(f)a copy of all mortgagor’s certificates of hazard insurance and/or hazard insurance policies or other applicable insurance policies (to the extent not previously included as part of this definition), if any, delivered in connection with the closing of the related Mortgage Loan;

 

(g)a copy of the appraisal for the related Mortgaged Property(ies);

 

(h)for any Mortgage Loan that the related Mortgaged Property(ies) is leased to a single tenant, a copy of the lease;

 

(i)a copy of the applicable mortgage loan seller’s asset summary;

 

(j)a copy of all surveys for the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties;

 

(k)a copy of all zoning reports;

 

(l)a copy of financial statements of the related mortgagor;

 

(m)a copy of operating statements for the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties;

 

(n)a copy of all UCC searches;

 

(o)a copy of all litigation searches;

 

(p)a copy of all bankruptcy searches;

 

(q)a copy of any origination settlement statement;

 

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(r)a copy of the insurance summary report;

 

(s)a copy of organizational documents of the related mortgagor and any guarantor;

 

(t)a copy of all escrow statements related to the escrow account balances as of the Mortgage Loan origination date;

 

(u)a copy of all related environmental reports that were received by the applicable mortgage loan seller;

 

(v)a copy of any closure letter (environmental); and

 

(w)a copy of any environmental remediation agreement for the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties;

 

in each case, to the extent that the originator received such documents or information in connection with the origination of such Mortgage Loan. In the event any of the items identified above were not included in connection with the origination of such Mortgage Loan (other than documents that would not be included in connection with the origination of the Mortgage Loan because such document is inapplicable to the origination of a Mortgage Loan of that structure or type), the Diligence File will be required to include a statement to that effect. No information that is proprietary to the related originator or mortgage loan seller or any draft documents or privileged or internal communications will constitute part of the Diligence File. It is generally not required to include any of the same items identified above again if such items have already been included under another clause of the definition of Diligence File, and the Diligence File will be required to include a statement to that effect. The mortgage loan seller may, without any obligation to do so, include such other documents or information as part of the Diligence File that such mortgage loan seller believes should be included to enable the asset representations reviewer to perform the Asset Review on such Mortgage Loan; provided that such documents or information are clearly labeled and identified.

 

Each MLPA will contain certain representations and warranties of the applicable mortgage loan seller with respect to each Mortgage Loan sold by that mortgage loan seller. Those representations and warranties are set forth in Annex D-1, and will be made as of the Closing Date, or as of another date specifically provided in the representation and warranty, subject to certain exceptions to such representations and warranties as set forth in Annex D-2.

 

If any of the documents required to be included in the Mortgage File for any Mortgage Loan is missing from the Mortgage File or is defective or if there is a breach of a representation or warranty relating to any Mortgage Loan, and, in either case, such omission, defect or breach materially and adversely affects the value of the related Mortgage Loan, the value of the related Mortgaged Property or the interests of any Certificateholders in the Mortgage Loan or Mortgaged Property or causes the Mortgage Loan to be other than a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3), but without regard to the rule of Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective obligation to be treated as a “qualified mortgage” (a “Material Defect”), the applicable mortgage loan seller (or Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC, or in the case of Basis Real Estate Capital, Basis) will be required to, no later than 90 days following:

 

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(x)such mortgage loan seller’s discovery of the Material Defect or receipt of notice of the Material Defect from any party to the PSA (a “Breach Notice”), except in the case of the following clause (y); or

 

(y)in the case of such Material Defect that would cause the Mortgage Loan not to be a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3), but without regard to the rule of Treasury regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective obligation to be treated as a qualified mortgage, the earlier of (A) discovery by the related mortgage loan seller or any party to the PSA of such Material Defect, or (B) receipt of a Breach Notice by the mortgage loan seller,

 

(A)cure such Material Defect in all material respects, at its own expense,

 

(B)repurchase the affected Mortgage Loan or REO Loan at the Purchase Price, or

 

(C)substitute a Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan (other than with respect to any Whole Loans, as applicable, for which no substitution will be permitted) for such affected Mortgage Loan, and pay a shortfall amount in connection with such substitution;

 

provided that no such substitution may occur on or after the second anniversary of the Closing Date; provided, however, that the applicable mortgage loan seller (or Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC) will generally have an additional 90-day period to cure such Material Defect (or, failing such cure, to repurchase the affected Mortgage Loan or REO Loan or, if applicable, substitute a Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan (other than with respect to any related Whole Loan, for which no substitution will be permitted), if it is diligently proceeding toward that cure, and has delivered to the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator (who will promptly deliver a copy of such officer’s certificate to the 17g-5 Information Provider), the trustee, the operating advisor and, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder, an officer’s certificate that describes the reasons that a cure was not effected within the initial 90-day period; provided that if any such Material Defect is not cured after the initial cure period and any such extended cure period solely due to the failure of the mortgage loan seller to have received the recorded document, then the mortgage loan seller will be entitled to continue to defer its cure, repurchase and/or substitution obligations in respect of such Material Defect until eighteen (18) months after the closing date so long as the mortgage loan seller certifies to the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer, the Directing Certificateholder (prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event) and the certificate administrator no less than every ninety (90) days beginning at the end of such extended cure period, that the Material Defect is still in effect solely because of its failure to have received the recorded document and that the mortgage loan seller is diligently pursuing the cure of such Material Defect (specifying the actions being taken). Notwithstanding the foregoing, there will be no such 90-day extension if such Material Defect would cause the related Mortgage Loan not to be a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3), but without regard to the rule of Treasury regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective Mortgage Loan to be treated as a qualified mortgage.

 

However, a delay in either the discovery of a Material Defect or in providing notice of such Material Defect will relieve the applicable mortgage loan seller (or Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC) of its obligation to cure, repurchase or substitute for (or make a Loss of Value Payment with respect to) the related Mortgage Loan if (i) the mortgage loan

 

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seller did not otherwise discover or have knowledge of such Material Defect, (ii) such delay is the result of the failure by a party to the PSA to promptly provide a notice of such Material Defect as required by the terms of the MLPA or the PSA after such party has actual knowledge of such defect or breach (knowledge will not be deemed to exist by reason of the custodian’s exception report), (iii) such Material Defect does not relate to the applicable Mortgage Loan not being a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3), but without regard to the rule of Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective obligation to be treated as a qualified mortgage, and (iv) such delay or failure to provide notice (as required by the terms of the MLPA or PSA) prevented the mortgage loan seller from curing such Material Defect and such Material Defect was otherwise curable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Mortgage Loan is not secured by a Mortgaged Property that is, in whole or in part, a hotel, restaurant (operated by a borrower), healthcare facility, nursing home, assisted living facility, self storage facility, theater or fitness center (operated by a borrower), then the failure to deliver copies of the UCC financing statements with respect to such Mortgage Loan will not be a Material Defect.

 

If there is a Material Defect with respect to one or more Mortgaged Properties with respect to a Mortgage Loan, the applicable mortgage loan seller will not be obligated to repurchase the Mortgage Loan if (i) the affected Mortgaged Property may be released pursuant to the terms of any partial release provisions in the related Mortgage Loan documents (and such Mortgaged Property is, in fact, released pursuant to such terms), (ii) the remaining Mortgaged Property(ies) satisfy the requirements, if any, set forth in the Mortgage Loan documents and the applicable mortgage loan seller provides an opinion of counsel to the effect that such release in lieu of repurchase would not (A) cause any Trust REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC or (B) result in the imposition of a tax upon any Trust REMIC or the issuing entity and (iii) each applicable Rating Agency has provided a Rating Agency Confirmation.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in lieu of a mortgage loan seller repurchasing, substituting or curing such Material Defect, to the extent that the mortgage loan seller and the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable (in either case with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder in respect of any Mortgage Loan that is not an Excluded Loan and for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) are able to agree upon a cash payment payable by the mortgage loan seller to the issuing entity that would be deemed sufficient to compensate the issuing entity for such Material Defect (a “Loss of Value Payment”), the mortgage loan seller may elect, in its sole discretion, to pay such Loss of Value Payment. Upon its making such payment, the mortgage loan seller will be deemed to have cured such Material Defect in all respects. A Loss of Value Payment may not be made with respect to any such Material Defect that would cause the applicable Mortgage Loan not to be a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3), but without regard to the rule of Treasury regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that causes a defective Mortgage Loan to be treated as a qualified mortgage.

 

In addition, each MLPA provides that, with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, if a material document defect exists under the related Non-Serviced PSA, and the related seller repurchases the related Non-Serviced Companion Loan from the related non-serviced securitization trust, such mortgage loan seller is required to repurchase the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan; provided, however, that no such repurchase obligation will apply to any material document defect related solely to the promissory notes for any Companion Loan contained in the related non-serviced securitization trust.

 

With respect to any Mortgage Loan, the “Purchase Price” equals the sum of (1) the outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Loan (or related REO Loan (excluding, for such purpose, the related Companion Loan, if applicable)), as of the date of purchase,

 

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(2) all accrued and unpaid interest on the Mortgage Loan (or any related REO Loan (excluding, for such purpose, the related Companion Loan, if applicable)) at the related Mortgage Rate in effect from time to time (excluding any portion of such interest that represents default interest or Excess Interest on an ARD Loan), to, but not including, the due date immediately preceding or coinciding with the Determination Date for the Collection Period of purchase, (3) all related unreimbursed Servicing Advances plus accrued and unpaid interest on all related Advances at the Reimbursement Rate, Special Servicing Fees (whether paid or unpaid) and any other additional trust fund expenses (except for Liquidation Fees) in respect of such Mortgage Loan or related REO Loan (excluding, for such purposes, any Companion Loan, if any), (4) solely in the case of a repurchase or substitution by a mortgage loan seller, all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred or to be incurred by the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, the certificate administrator or the trustee in respect of the omission, breach or defect giving rise to the repurchase or substitution obligation, including any expenses arising out of the enforcement of the repurchase or substitution obligation, including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses and any additional trust fund expenses relating to such Mortgage Loan or related REO Loan; provided, however, that such out-of-pocket expenses will not include expenses incurred by investors in instituting an Asset Review Vote Election, in taking part in an Asset Review Vote or in utilizing the dispute resolution provisions described below under “—Dispute Resolution Provisions”, (5) Liquidation Fees, if any, payable with respect to the affected Mortgage Loan or related REO Loan (which will not include any Liquidation Fees if such affected Mortgage Loan is repurchased or a Loss of Value Payment is received during the initial 90-day period or, if applicable, prior to the expiration of the additional 90-day period immediately following the initial 90-day period) and (6) solely in the case of a repurchase or substitution by the related mortgage loan seller, the Asset Representations Reviewer Asset Review Fee for such Mortgage Loan, to the extent not previously paid by the related mortgage loan seller.

 

A “Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan” is a substitute mortgage loan (other than with respect to any Whole Loan, for which no substitution will be permitted) replacing a Mortgage Loan with respect to which a material breach or document defect exists that must, on the date of substitution:

 

(a)       have an outstanding principal balance, after application of all scheduled payments of principal and interest due during or prior to the month of substitution, whether or not received, not in excess of the Stated Principal Balance of the removed Mortgage Loan as of the due date in the calendar month during which the substitution occurs;

 

(b)       have a fixed Mortgage Rate not less than the Mortgage Rate of the removed Mortgage Loan (determined without regard to any prior modification, waiver or amendment of the terms of the removed Mortgage Loan);

 

(c)       have the same due date and a grace period no longer than that of the removed Mortgage Loan;

 

(d)       accrue interest on the same basis as the removed Mortgage Loan (for example, on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months);

 

(e)       have a remaining term to stated maturity not greater than, and not more than five years less than, the remaining term to stated maturity of the removed Mortgage Loan;

 

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(f)       have a then-current loan-to-value ratio equal to or less than the lesser of (i) the loan-to-value ratio for the removed Mortgage Loan as of the Closing Date and (ii) 75%, in each case using a “value” for the Mortgaged Property as determined using an appraisal conducted by a member of the Appraisal Institute (“MAI”) prepared in accordance with the requirements of the FIRREA;

 

(g)       comply as of the date of substitution in all material respects with all of the representations and warranties set forth in the related MLPA;

 

(h)       have an environmental report that indicates no material adverse environmental conditions with respect to the related Mortgaged Property and that will be delivered as a part of the related Mortgage File;

 

(i)       have a then-current debt service coverage ratio at least equal to the greater of (i) the original debt service coverage ratio of the removed Mortgage Loan as of the Closing Date and (ii) 1.25x;

 

(j)       constitute a “qualified replacement mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(4) as evidenced by an opinion of counsel (provided at the related mortgage loan seller’s expense);

 

(k)       not have a maturity date or an amortization period that extends to a date that is after the date five years prior to the Rated Final Distribution Date;

 

(l)       have comparable prepayment restrictions to those of the removed Mortgage Loan;

 

(m)       not be substituted for a removed Mortgage Loan unless the trustee and the certificate administrator have received a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies (the cost, if any, of obtaining such Rating Agency Confirmation to be paid by the related mortgage loan seller);

 

(n)       have been approved, so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing and the affected Mortgage Loan is not an Excluded Loan, by the Directing Certificateholder;

 

(o)       prohibit defeasance within two years of the Closing Date;

 

(p)       not be substituted for a removed Mortgage Loan if it would result in the termination of the REMIC status of any Trust REMIC or the imposition of tax on the Trust or any Trust REMIC other than a tax on income expressly permitted or contemplated to be imposed by the terms of the PSA, as determined by an opinion of counsel at the cost of the related mortgage loan seller;

 

(q)       have an engineering report that indicates no material adverse property condition or deferred maintenance with respect to the related Mortgaged Property that will be delivered as a part of the related servicing file; and

 

(r)       be current in the payment of all scheduled payments of principal and interest then due.

 

In the event that more than one Mortgage Loan is substituted for a removed Mortgage Loan or Mortgage Loans, then (x) the amounts described in clause (a) are required to be determined on the basis of aggregate principal balances and (y) each such proposed Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan must individually satisfy each of the requirements

 

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specified in clauses (b) through (r) of the preceding sentence, except (z) the rates described in clause (b) above and the remaining term to stated maturity referred to in clause (e) above are required to be determined on a weighted average basis, provided that no individual Mortgage Rate (net of the Servicing Fee Rate, the Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate, the Operating Advisor Fee Rate, the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee Rate and the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate) may be lower than the highest fixed Pass-Through Rate (not based on or subject to a cap equal to or based on the WAC Rate) of any class of Principal Balance Certificates having a principal balance then-outstanding. When a Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan is substituted for a removed Mortgage Loan, the applicable mortgage loan seller will be required to certify that the Mortgage Loan meets all of the requirements of the above definition and send the certification to the trustee the certificate administrator and, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder.

 

The foregoing repurchase or substitution obligation or the obligation to pay the Loss of Value Payment will constitute the sole remedy available to the Certificateholders and the trustee under the PSA for any uncured breach of any mortgage loan seller’s representations and warranties regarding the Mortgage Loans or any uncured document defect; provided, that if any breach pertains to a representation or warranty that the related Mortgage Loan documents or any particular Mortgage Loan document requires the related borrower to bear the costs and expenses associated with any particular action or matter under such Mortgage Loan document(s), then the applicable mortgage loan seller (or Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC) may cure such breach within the applicable cure period (as the same may be extended) by reimbursing the issuing entity (by wire transfer of immediately available funds) for (i) the reasonable amount of any such costs and expenses incurred by parties to the PSA or the issuing entity that are incurred as a result of such breach and have not been reimbursed by the related borrower and (ii) the amount of any fees of the asset representations reviewer attributable to the Asset Review of such Mortgage Loan; provided, further, that in the event any such costs and expenses exceed $10,000, the applicable mortgage loan seller (or, Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC) will have the option to either repurchase or substitute for the related Mortgage Loan as provided above or pay such costs and expenses. The applicable mortgage loan seller will (or, Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC) remit the amount of these costs and expenses and upon its making such remittance, the applicable mortgage loan seller (or other applicable party) will be deemed to have cured the breach in all respects. The applicable mortgage loan seller (or Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC) will be the sole warranting party in respect of the Mortgage Loans sold by that mortgage loan seller to the depositor, and none of its affiliates and no other person will be obligated to repurchase or replace any affected Mortgage Loan or make a Loss of Value Payment in connection with a breach of any representation and warranty or in connection with a document defect if the applicable mortgage loan seller defaults on its obligation to do so.

 

Dispute Resolution Provisions

 

The mortgage loan seller will be subject to the dispute resolution provisions described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Dispute Resolution Provisions” to the extent those provisions are triggered with respect to any mortgage loan sold to the depositor by the mortgage loan seller and will be obligated under the related MLPA to comply with all

 

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applicable provisions and to take part in any mediation or arbitration proceedings that may result.

 

Asset Review Obligations

 

The mortgage loan seller will be obligated to perform its obligations described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Asset Representations Reviewer—Asset Review” relating to any Asset Reviews performed by the asset representations reviewer, and the mortgage loan seller will have the rights described under that heading.

 

Pooling and Servicing Agreement

 

General

 

The servicing and administration of the Mortgage Loans (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), any related Serviced Companion Loan and any related REO Properties (including any interest of the holder of any Companion Loan in the REO Property acquired with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan) will be governed by the PSA and any related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the related Non-Serviced Companion Loans and any related REO Properties (including the issuing entity’s interest in REO Property acquired with respect to a Non-Serviced Whole Loan) will be serviced by the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer and the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer under the related Non-Serviced PSA in accordance with such Non-Serviced PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement. Unless otherwise specifically stated and except where the context otherwise indicates (such as with respect to P&I Advances), discussions in this section or in any other section of this prospectus regarding the servicing and administration of the Mortgage Loans should be deemed to include the servicing and administration of the related Serviced Companion Loans but not to include any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, any Non-Serviced Companion Loan and any related REO Property.

 

The following summaries describe certain provisions of the PSA relating to the servicing and administration of the Mortgage Loans (excluding each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), any related Companion Loan and any related REO Properties. In the case of any Serviced Whole Loan, certain provisions of the related Intercreditor Agreement are described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced Whole Loans”.

 

Certain provisions of each Non-Serviced PSA relating to the servicing and administration of the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the related Non-Serviced Companion Loans, the related REO Properties and the related Intercreditor Agreement are summarized under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans”, “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans” and “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans” below.

 

Assignment of the Mortgage Loans

 

The depositor will purchase the Mortgage Loans to be included in the issuing entity on or before the Closing Date from each of the mortgage loan sellers pursuant to separate MLPAs. See “Transaction Parties—The Sponsors and Mortgage Loan Sellers” and “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

On the Closing Date, the depositor will sell, transfer or otherwise convey, assign or cause the assignment of the Mortgage Loans, without recourse, together with the depositor’s rights and remedies against the mortgage loan sellers under the MLPAs, to the

 

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trustee for the benefit of the holders of the certificates. On or prior to the Closing Date, the depositor will require each mortgage loan seller to deliver to the certificate administrator, in its capacity as custodian, the Mortgage Notes and certain other documents and instruments with respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan. The custodian will hold such documents in the name of the issuing entity for the benefit of the holders of the certificates. The custodian is obligated to review certain documents for each Mortgage Loan within 60 days of the Closing Date and report any missing documents or certain types of document defects to the parties to the PSA, the Directing Certificateholder (for so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing and other than in respect of an Excluded Loan) and the related mortgage loan seller.

 

In addition, pursuant to the related MLPA, each mortgage loan seller will be required to deliver the Diligence File for each of its Mortgage Loans to the depositor by uploading such Diligence File to the designated website within 60 days following the Closing Date, and the depositor will deliver to the certificate administrator an electronic copy of such Diligence Files to be posted to the secure data room.

 

Pursuant to the PSA, the depositor will assign to the trustee for the benefit of Certificateholders the representations and warranties made by the mortgage loan sellers to the depositor in the MLPAs and any rights and remedies that the depositor has against the mortgage loan sellers under the MLPAs with respect to any Material Defect. See “—Enforcement of Mortgage Loan Seller’s Obligations Under the MLPA” below and “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”.

 

Servicing Standard

 

The master servicer and the special servicer will be required to diligently service and administer the Mortgage Loans (excluding each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan and the related REO Properties (other than any REO Property related to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) for which it is responsible in accordance with applicable law, the terms of the PSA, the Mortgage Loan documents, and the related Intercreditor Agreements and, to the extent consistent with the foregoing, in accordance with the higher of the following standards of care: (1) the same manner in which, and with the same care, skill, prudence and diligence with which the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, services and administers similar mortgage loans for other third-party portfolios, and (2) the same care, skill, prudence and diligence with which the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, services and administers similar mortgage loans owned by the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, with a view to: (A) the timely recovery of all payments of principal and interest under the Mortgage Loans or any Serviced Whole Loan or (B) in the case of a Specially Serviced Loan or an REO Property, the maximization of recovery of principal and interest on a net present value basis on the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, and the best interests of the issuing entity and the Certificateholders (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders constituted a single lender) (and, in the case of any Whole Loan, the best interests of the issuing entity, the Certificateholders and the holder of the related Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and the holder or holders of the related Companion Loan constituted a single lender), taking into account the subordinate or pari passu nature, as applicable, of the related Companion Loan), as determined by the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, in its reasonable judgment, in either case giving due consideration to the customary and usual standards of practice of prudent, institutional commercial and multifamily mortgage loan servicers, but without regard to any conflict of interest arising from:

 

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(A)       any relationship that the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, or any of their respective affiliates, may have with any of the underlying borrowers, the sponsors, the mortgage loan sellers, the originators, any party to the PSA or any affiliate of the foregoing;

 

(B)       the ownership of any certificate (or any interest in any Companion Loan, mezzanine loan or subordinate debt relating to a Mortgage Loan) by the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, or any of their respective affiliates;

 

(C)       the obligation, if any, of the master servicer to make advances;

 

(D)       the right of the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, or any of its affiliates to receive compensation or reimbursement of costs under the PSA generally or with respect to any particular transaction;

 

(E)       the ownership, servicing or management for others of (i) a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and a Non-Serviced Companion Loan or (ii) any other mortgage loans, subordinate debt, mezzanine loans or properties not covered by the PSA or held by the issuing entity by the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, or any of its affiliates;

 

(F)       any debt that the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, or any of its affiliates, has extended to any underlying borrower or an affiliate of any borrower (including, without limitation, any mezzanine financing);

 

(G)       any option to purchase any Mortgage Loan or the related Companion Loan the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, or any of its affiliates, may have; and

 

(H)       any obligation of the master servicer or special servicer, or any of their respective affiliates, to repurchase or substitute for a Mortgage Loan as a mortgage loan seller (if the master servicer or special servicer or any of their respective affiliates is a mortgage loan seller) (the foregoing, collectively referred to as the “Servicing Standard”).

 

All net present value calculations and determinations made under the PSA with respect to any Mortgage Loan, Mortgaged Property or REO Property (including for purposes of the definition of “Servicing Standard” set forth above) will be made in accordance with the Mortgage Loan documents or, in the event the Mortgage Loan documents are silent, by using a discount rate (i) for principal and interest payments on the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan or sale by the special servicer of a Defaulted Loan, the highest of (1) the rate determined by the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, that approximates the market rate that would be obtainable by the related borrower on similar non-defaulted debt of such borrower as of such date of determination, (2) the Mortgage Rate and (3) the yield on 10-year U.S. treasuries as of such date of determination and (ii) for all other cash flows, including property cash flow, the “discount rate” set forth in the most recent appraisal (or updated appraisal) of the related Mortgaged Property.

 

In the case of each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the master servicer and the special servicer will be required to act in accordance with the Servicing Standard with respect to any action required to be taken regarding such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan pursuant to their respective obligations under the PSA.

 

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Subservicing

 

The master servicer and the special servicer may delegate and/or assign some or all of its respective servicing obligations and duties with respect to some or all of the Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan to one or more third-party sub-servicers, provided that the master servicer and the special servicer, as applicable, will remain obligated under the PSA. A sub-servicer may be an affiliate of the depositor, the master servicer or the special servicer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the special servicer may not enter into any sub-servicing agreement which provides for the performance by third parties of any or all of its obligations under the PSA without, with respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan and prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event and other than with respect to any Excluded Loan, the consent of the Directing Certificateholder, except to the extent necessary for the special servicer to comply with applicable regulatory requirements.

 

Each sub-servicing agreement between the master servicer or special servicer and a sub-servicer (a “Sub-Servicing Agreement”) will generally be required to provide that (i) if for any reason the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, is no longer acting in that capacity (including, without limitation, by reason of a Servicer Termination Event), the trustee or any successor master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, may, except with respect to certain initial Sub-Servicing Agreements, assume or terminate such party’s rights and obligations under such Sub-Servicing Agreement and (ii) the sub-servicer will be in default under such Sub-Servicing Agreement and such Sub-Servicing Agreement will be terminated (following the expiration of any applicable grace period) if the sub-servicer fails (A) to deliver by the due date any Exchange Act reporting items required to be delivered to the master servicer, the certificate administrator or the depositor pursuant to the PSA or such Sub-Servicing Agreement or to the master servicer under any other pooling and servicing agreement that the depositor is a party to, or (B) to perform in any material respect any of its covenants or obligations contained in such Sub-Servicing Agreement regarding creating, obtaining or delivering any Exchange Act reporting items required in order for any party to the PSA to perform its obligations under the PSA or under the Exchange Act reporting requirements of any other pooling and servicing agreement to which the depositor is a party. The master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, will be required to monitor the performance of sub-servicers retained by it and, subject to the terms of the related Sub-Servicing Agreement, will have the right to remove a sub-servicer retained by it at any time it considers removal to be in the best interests of Certificateholders. However, no sub-servicer will be permitted under any Sub-Servicing Agreement to make material servicing decisions, such as loan modifications or determinations as to the manner or timing of enforcing remedies under the Mortgage Loan documents, without the consent of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable.

 

Generally, the master servicer will be solely liable for all fees owed by it to any sub-servicer retained by the master servicer, without regard to whether the master servicer’s compensation pursuant to the PSA is sufficient to pay those fees. Each sub-servicer will be required to be reimbursed by the master servicer for certain expenditures which such sub-servicer makes, only to the same extent the master servicer is reimbursed under the PSA.

 

Advances

 

P&I Advances

 

On the business day immediately preceding each Distribution Date (the “P&I Advance Date”), except as otherwise described below, the master servicer will be obligated,

 

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unless determined to be nonrecoverable as described below, to make advances (each, a “P&I Advance”) out of its own funds or, subject to the replacement of those funds as provided in the PSA, certain funds held in the Collection Account that are not required to be part of the Available Funds for that Distribution Date, in an amount equal to (but subject to reduction as described below) the aggregate of:

 

(1)       all Periodic Payments (other than balloon payments) (net of any applicable Servicing Fees) that were due on the Mortgage Loans (including any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any REO Loan (other than any portion of an REO Loan related to a Companion Loan) during the related Collection Period and not received as of the business day preceding the P&I Advance Date; and

 

(2)       in the case of each Mortgage Loan that is delinquent in respect of its balloon payment as of the P&I Advance Date (including any REO Loan (other than any portion of an REO Loan related to a Companion Loan) as to which the balloon payment would have been past due), an amount equal to its Assumed Scheduled Payment.

 

The master servicer’s obligations to make P&I Advances in respect of any Mortgage Loan (including any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or REO Loan (other than any portion of an REO Loan related to a Companion Loan) will continue, except if a determination as to non-recoverability is made, through and up to liquidation of the Mortgage Loan or disposition of the REO Property, as the case may be. To the extent that the master servicer fails to make a P&I Advance that it is required to make under the PSA, the trustee will be required to make the required P&I Advance in accordance with the terms of the PSA.

 

If an Appraisal Reduction Amount has been determined with respect to any Mortgage Loan (or, in the case of a Non-Serviced Whole Loan, an appraisal reduction has been made in accordance with the related Non-Serviced PSA and the master servicer has notice of such appraisal reduction amount) and such Mortgage Loan experiences subsequent delinquencies, then the interest portion of any P&I Advance in respect of that Mortgage Loan for the related Distribution Date will be reduced (there will be no reduction in the principal portion, if any, of such P&I Advance) to equal the product of (x) the amount of the interest portion of the P&I Advance for that Mortgage Loan for the related Distribution Date without regard to this sentence, and (y) a fraction, expressed as a percentage, the numerator of which is equal to the Stated Principal Balance of that Mortgage Loan immediately prior to the related Distribution Date, net of the related Appraisal Reduction Amount (or, in the case of any Whole Loan, the portion of such Appraisal Reduction Amount allocated to the related Mortgage Loan), if any, and the denominator of which is equal to the Stated Principal Balance of that Mortgage Loan immediately prior to the related Distribution Date.

 

Neither the master servicer nor the trustee will be required to make a P&I Advance for a balloon payment, default interest, late payment charges, Yield Maintenance Charges, Prepayment Premiums or Excess Interest or with respect to any Companion Loan.

 

Servicing Advances

 

In addition to P&I Advances, except as otherwise described under “—Recovery of Advances” below and except in certain limited circumstances described below, the master servicer will also be obligated (subject to the limitations described in this prospectus), to make advances (“Servicing Advances” and, collectively with P&I Advances, “Advances”) in connection with the servicing and administration of any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan, as applicable, in

 

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respect of which a default, delinquency or other unanticipated event has occurred or is reasonably foreseeable, or, in connection with the servicing and administration of any Mortgaged Property securing such Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or REO Property (other than REO Property related to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), in order to pay delinquent real estate taxes, assessments and hazard insurance premiums and to cover other similar costs and expenses necessary to preserve the priority of or enforce the related Mortgage Loan documents or to protect, lease, manage and maintain the related Mortgaged Property. To the extent that the master servicer fails to make a Servicing Advance that it is required to make under the PSA and the trustee has received notice or otherwise has actual knowledge of this failure, the trustee will be required to make the required Servicing Advance in accordance with the terms of the PSA.

 

However, none of the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee will make any Servicing Advance in connection with the exercise of any cure rights or purchase rights granted to the holder of a Serviced Companion Loan under the related Intercreditor Agreement or the PSA.

 

The special servicer will have no obligation to make any Advances. However, in an urgent or emergency situation requiring the making of a Servicing Advance, the special servicer, in its sole discretion, may make such Servicing Advance, and the master servicer will be required to reimburse the special servicer for such Advance (with interest on that Advance) within a specified number of days as set forth in the PSA, unless such Advance is determined to be nonrecoverable by the master servicer in its reasonable judgment (in which case it will be reimbursed out of the Collection Account). Once the special servicer is reimbursed, the master servicer will be deemed to have made the special servicer’s Servicing Advance as of the date made by the special servicer, and will be entitled to reimbursement with interest on that Advance in accordance with the terms of the PSA.

 

No Servicing Advances will be made with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan if the related Mortgage Loan is no longer held by the issuing entity or if such Serviced Whole Loan is no longer serviced under the PSA and no Servicing Advances will be made for any Non-Serviced Whole Loans under the PSA. Any requirement of the master servicer or the trustee to make an Advance in the PSA is intended solely to provide liquidity for the benefit of the Certificateholders and not as credit support or otherwise to impose on any such person the risk of loss with respect to one or more Mortgage Loans or the related Companion Loan.

 

The master servicer will also be obligated to make Servicing Advances with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan. With respect to a Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the applicable servicer under the related Non-Serviced PSA will be obligated to make property protection advances with respect to such Non-Serviced Whole Loan. See “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans”.

 

Nonrecoverable Advances

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee will be obligated to make any Advance that the master servicer or the special servicer, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, or the trustee, in its good faith business judgment, determines would, if made, not be recoverable (including recovery of interest on the Advance) out of Related Proceeds (a “Nonrecoverable Advance”). In addition, the special servicer may, at its option make a determination in accordance with the Servicing Standard that any P&I Advance or Servicing Advance, if made, would be a Nonrecoverable Advance, and if it makes such a determination, must deliver to the master

 

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servicer (and, with respect to a Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan, to the master servicer or special servicer under the pooling and servicing agreement governing any securitization trust into which a related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan is deposited, and, with respect to each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer and Non-Serviced Special Servicer), the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor and the 17g-5 Information Provider notice of such determination, which determination may be conclusively relied upon by, but will not be binding upon, the master servicer and the trustee. The special servicer will have no such obligation to make an affirmative determination that any P&I Advance or Servicing Advance is, or would be, recoverable, and in the absence of a determination by the special servicer that such an Advance is nonrecoverable, each such decision will remain with the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable. If the special servicer makes a determination that only a portion, and not all, of any previously made or proposed P&I Advance or Servicing Advance is nonrecoverable, the master servicer and the trustee will have the right to make its own subsequent determination that any remaining portion of any such previously made or proposed P&I Advance or Servicing Advance is nonrecoverable.

 

In making such non-recoverability determination, each person will be entitled to consider (among other things): (a) (i) the obligations of the borrower under the terms of the related Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable, as it may have been modified, and (ii) the related Mortgaged Properties in their “as-is” or then-current conditions and occupancies, as modified by such party’s assumptions regarding the possibility and effects of future adverse change with respect to such Mortgaged Properties, (b) estimated future expenses, (c) estimated timing of recoveries, and (d) the existence of any Nonrecoverable Advances which, at the time of such consideration, the recovery of which are being deferred or delayed by the master servicer or the trustee because there is insufficient principal available for such recovery, in light of the fact that Related Proceeds are a source of recovery not only for the Advance under consideration but also a potential source of recovery for such delayed or deferred Advance. In addition, any such person may update or change its recoverability determinations (but not reverse any other person’s determination that an Advance is nonrecoverable) at any time and may obtain at the expense of the issuing entity any reasonably required analysis, appraisals or market value estimates or other information for such purposes. Absent bad faith, any non-recoverability determination described in this paragraph will be conclusive and binding on the Certificateholders, and may be conclusively relied upon by, but is not binding upon, the master servicer and the trustee. The master servicer and the trustee will be entitled to rely conclusively on any non-recoverability determination of the special servicer. Nonrecoverable Advances will represent a portion of the losses to be borne by the Certificateholders.

 

With respect to a Non-Serviced Whole Loan, if any servicer under the related Non-Serviced PSA determines that a principal and interest advance with respect to the related Non-Serviced Companion Loan, if made, would be nonrecoverable, such determination will not be binding on the master servicer and the trustee as it relates to any proposed P&I Advance with respect to such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan. Similarly, with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, if the master servicer or the special servicer determines that any P&I Advance with respect to such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, if made, would be nonrecoverable, such determination will not be binding on the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer and Non-Serviced Trustee as such determination relates to any proposed P&I Advance with respect to the related Non-Serviced Companion Loan (unless the related Non-Serviced PSA provides otherwise).

 

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Recovery of Advances

 

The master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee, as applicable, will be entitled to recover (a) any Servicing Advance made out of its own funds from any amounts collected in respect of a Mortgage Loan (or, consistent with the related Intercreditor Agreement, a Serviced Whole Loan) as to which such Servicing Advance was made, and (b) any P&I Advance made out of its own funds from any amounts collected in respect of the Mortgage Loan as to which such P&I Advance was made, whether in the form of late payments, insurance and condemnation proceeds, liquidation proceeds or otherwise from the related Mortgage Loan or Mortgaged Property (“Related Proceeds”). The master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee will be entitled to recover any Advance by it that it subsequently determines to be a Nonrecoverable Advance out of general collections on or relating to the Mortgage Loans on deposit in the Collection Account (first from principal collections and then from any other collections). Amounts payable in respect of any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement will not be available for distributions on the certificates or for the reimbursement of Nonrecoverable Advances of principal or interest with respect to the related Mortgage Loan, but will be available, in accordance with the PSA and related Intercreditor Agreement, for the reimbursement of any Servicing Advances with respect to the related Serviced Whole Loan. If a Servicing Advance by the master servicer or the special servicer (or trustee, as applicable) on a Serviced Whole Loan becomes a Nonrecoverable Advance and the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee, as applicable, is unable to recover such amounts from related proceeds or the related Companion Loan, as applicable, the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee (as applicable) will be permitted to recover such Nonrecoverable Advance (including interest thereon) out of general collections on or relating to the Mortgage Loans on deposit in the Collection Account.

 

If the funds in the Collection Account relating to the Mortgage Loans allocable to principal on the Mortgage Loans are insufficient to fully reimburse the party entitled to reimbursement, then such party as an accommodation may elect, on a monthly basis, at its sole option and discretion to defer reimbursement of the portion that exceeds such amount allocable to principal (in which case interest will continue to accrue on the unreimbursed portion of the advance) for a time as required to reimburse the excess portion from principal for a consecutive period up to 12 months (provided that, with respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan, any such deferral exceeding 6 months will require, prior to the occurrence and continuance of any Control Termination Event, the consent of the Directing Certificateholder) and any election to so defer will be deemed to be in accordance with the Servicing Standard; provided that no such deferral may occur at any time to the extent that amounts otherwise distributable as principal are available for such reimbursement.

 

In connection with a potential election by the master servicer or the trustee to refrain from the reimbursement of all or a portion of a particular Nonrecoverable Advance during the one month collection period ending on the related Determination Date for any Distribution Date, the master servicer or the trustee will be authorized to wait for principal collections on the Mortgage Loans to be received until the end of such collection period before making its determination of whether to refrain from the reimbursement of all or a portion of a particular Nonrecoverable Advance; provided, however, that if, at any time the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, elects, in its sole discretion, not to refrain from obtaining such reimbursement or otherwise determines that the reimbursement of a Nonrecoverable Advance during a one month collection period will exceed the full amount of the principal portion of general collections on or relating to the Mortgage Loans deposited in the Collection Account for such Distribution Date, then the master servicer or the trustee, as applicable, will be required to use its reasonable efforts to give the 17g-5 Information

 

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Provider 15 days’ notice of such determination for posting on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website, unless extraordinary circumstances make such notice impractical, which means (1) that party determines in its sole discretion that waiting 15 days after such a notice could jeopardize its ability to recover such Nonrecoverable Advance, (2) changed circumstances or new or different information becomes known to that party that could affect or cause a determination or whether any Advance is a Nonrecoverable Advance or whether to deter reimbursement of a Nonrecoverable Advance or the determination in clause (1) above, or (3) in the case of the master servicer, it has not timely received from the trustee information required by the master servicer to consider in determining whether to defer reimbursement of a Nonrecoverable Advance. If any of the circumstances described in clause (1), clause (2) or clause (3) above apply, the master servicer or trustee, as applicable, must give the 17g-5 Information Provider notice (in accordance with the procedures regarding Rule 17g-5 set forth in the PSA) of the anticipated reimbursement as soon as reasonably practicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, failure to give such notice will in no way affect the master servicer’s or the trustee’s election whether to refrain from obtaining such reimbursement or right to obtain reimbursement.

 

The master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee will be entitled to recover any Advance that is outstanding at the time that a Mortgage Loan is modified but is not repaid in full by the borrower in connection with such modification but becomes an obligation of the borrower to pay such amounts in the future (such Advance, together with interest on that Advance, a “Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount”) out of principal collections on the Mortgage Loans in the Collection Account.

 

Any amount that constitutes all or a portion of any Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount may in the future be determined to constitute a Nonrecoverable Advance and thereafter will be recoverable as any other Nonrecoverable Advance.

 

In connection with its recovery of any Advance, the master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee will be entitled to be paid, out of any amounts relating to the Mortgage Loans then on deposit in the Collection Account, interest at the Prime Rate (the “Reimbursement Rate”) accrued on the amount of the Advance from the date made to, but not including, the date of reimbursement. Neither the master servicer nor the trustee will be entitled to interest on P&I Advances if the related Periodic Payment is received on or before the related Due Date and any applicable grace period has expired or if the related Periodic Payment is received after the Determination Date but on or prior to the P&I Advance Date. The “Prime Rate” will be the prime rate, for any day, set forth in The Wall Street Journal, New York City edition.

 

See “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans” for reimbursements of servicing advances made in respect of a Non-Serviced Whole Loan under the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

Accounts

 

The master servicer is required to establish and maintain, or cause to be established and maintained, one or more accounts and subaccounts (collectively, the “Collection Account”) in its own name on behalf of the trustee and for the benefit of the Certificateholders. The master servicer is required to deposit in the Collection Account on a daily basis (and in no event later than the 2nd business day following receipt in available and properly identified funds) all payments and collections due after the Cut-off Date and other amounts received or advanced with respect to the Mortgage Loans (including, without limitation, all proceeds (the “Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds”) received under any hazard, title or other insurance policy that provides coverage with respect to a Mortgaged

 

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Property or the related Mortgage Loan or in connection with the full or partial condemnation of a Mortgaged Property (other than proceeds applied to the restoration of the Mortgaged Property or released to the related borrower in accordance with the Servicing Standard (or, if applicable, the special servicer) and/or the terms and conditions of the related Mortgage) and all other amounts received and retained in connection with the liquidation (including any full, partial or discounted payoff) of any Mortgage Loan that is defaulted and any related defaulted Companion Loan or property acquired by foreclosure or otherwise (the “Liquidation Proceeds”)) together with the net operating income (less reasonable reserves for future expenses) derived from the operation of any REO Properties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the collections on any Whole Loan will be limited to the portion of such amounts that are payable to the holder of the related Mortgage Loan pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

The master servicer will also be required to establish and maintain a segregated custodial account (the “Companion Distribution Account”) with respect to any Serviced Companion Loan, which may be a sub-account of the Collection Account, and deposit amounts collected in respect of the Serviced Companion Loans in the Companion Distribution Account. The issuing entity will only be entitled to amounts on deposit in the Companion Distribution Account to the extent these funds are not otherwise payable to the holder of a Serviced Companion Loan or payable or reimbursable to any party to the PSA. Any amounts in the Companion Distribution Account to which the issuing entity is entitled will be transferred on a monthly basis to the Collection Account.

 

With respect to each Distribution Date, the master servicer will be required to disburse from the Collection Account and remit to the certificate administrator for deposit into the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account, to the extent of funds on deposit in the Collection Account, on the related P&I Advance Date, the Available Funds for such Distribution Date and any Yield Maintenance Charges or Prepayment Premiums received as of the related Determination Date. The certificate administrator is required to establish and maintain various accounts, including a “Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account” and a “Upper-Tier REMIC Distribution Account”, both of which may be sub-accounts of a single account, (collectively, the “Distribution Accounts”), in its own name on behalf of the trustee and for the benefit of the Certificateholders.

 

On each Distribution Date, the certificate administrator is required to apply amounts on deposit in the Upper-Tier REMIC Distribution Account (which will include all funds that were remitted by the master servicer from the Collection Account, plus, among other things, any P&I Advances less amounts, if any, distributable to the Class V and Class R certificates) as set forth in the PSA generally to make distributions of interest and principal from Available Funds to the holders of the Regular Certificates as described under “Description of the CertificatesDistributionsPriority of Distributions”.

 

The certificate administrator is also required to establish and maintain an account (the “Interest Reserve Account”) which may be a sub-account of the Distribution Account, in its own name on behalf of the trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders. On the P&I Advance Date occurring each February and on any P&I Advance Date occurring in any January which occurs in a year that is not a leap year (in each case, unless the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), the certificate administrator will be required to deposit amounts remitted by the master servicer or P&I Advances made on the related Mortgage Loans into the Interest Reserve Account during the related interest period, in respect of the Mortgage Loans that accrue interest on an Actual/360 Basis (collectively, the “Actual/360 Loans”), in an amount equal to one day’s interest at the Net Mortgage Rate for each such Actual/360 Loan on its Stated Principal Balance and as of the Due Date in the month preceding the month in which the P&I Advance Date occurs, to the extent a Periodic

 

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Payment or P&I Advance or other deposit is made in respect of the Mortgage Loans (all amounts so deposited in any consecutive January (if applicable) and February, “Withheld Amounts”). On the P&I Advance Date occurring each March (or February, if the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), the certificate administrator will be required to withdraw from the Interest Reserve Account an amount equal to the Withheld Amounts from the preceding January (if applicable) and February, if any, and deposit that amount into the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account.

 

The certificate administrator is also required to establish and maintain an account (the “Excess Interest Distribution Account”), which may be a sub-account of the Distribution Account, in its own name on behalf of the trustee for the benefit of the holders of the Class V certificates. Prior to the applicable Distribution Date, the master servicer is required to remit to the certificate administrator for deposit into the Excess Interest Distribution Account an amount equal to the Excess Interest received by the master servicer on or prior to the related Determination Date.

 

The certificate administrator may be required to establish and maintain an account (the “Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account” , which may be a sub-account of the Distribution Account, in its own name on behalf of the trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders. To the extent that any gains are realized on sales of Mortgaged Properties (or, with respect to any Whole Loan, the portion of such amounts that are payable on the related Mortgage Loan pursuant to the related Intercreditor Agreement), such gains will be deposited into the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account. Amounts in the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account will be applied on the applicable Distribution Date as part of Available Funds to all amounts due and payable on the Regular Certificates (including to reimburse for Realized Losses previously allocated to such certificates. Any remaining amounts will be held in the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account and applied to offset shortfalls and losses incurred on subsequent Distribution Dates as described above. Any remaining amounts not necessary to offset any shortfalls or losses on the final Distribution Date will be distributed on the Class R certificates after all amounts payable to the Regular Certificates have been made.

 

Other accounts to be established pursuant to the PSA are one or more segregated custodial accounts (each, an “REO Account”) for collections from REO Properties for which the special servicer is responsible. Each REO Account will be maintained by the special servicer in its own name on behalf of the trustee and for the benefit of the Certificateholders.

 

The Collection Account, the Distribution Accounts, the Interest Reserve Account, the Excess Interest Distribution Account, the Companion Distribution Account, the Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account and the REO Accounts are collectively referred to as the “Securitization Accounts” (but with respect to any Whole Loan, only to the extent of the issuing entity’s interest in the Whole Loan). Each of the foregoing accounts will be held at a depository institution or trust company meeting the requirements of the PSA.

 

Amounts on deposit in the foregoing accounts may be invested in certain United States government securities and other investments meeting the requirements of the PSA (“Permitted Investments”). Interest or other income earned on funds in the accounts maintained by the master servicer, the certificate administrator or the special servicer will be payable to each of them as additional compensation, and each of them will be required to bear any losses resulting from its investment of such funds.

 

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Withdrawals from the Collection Account

 

The master servicer may, from time to time, make withdrawals from the Collection Account (or the applicable subaccount of the Collection Account, exclusive of the Companion Distribution Account that may be a subaccount of the Collection Account) for any of the following purposes, in each case only to the extent permitted under the PSA and with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, subject to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement, without duplication (the order set forth below not constituting an order of priority for such withdrawals):

 

(i)     to remit on each P&I Advance Date (A) to the certificate administrator for deposit into the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account certain portions of the Available Funds and any Prepayment Premiums or Yield Maintenance Charges attributable to the Mortgage Loans on the related Distribution Date or (B) to the certificate administrator for deposit into the Excess Interest Distribution Account an amount equal to the Excess Interest received by the master servicer in the applicable one-month period ending on the related Determination Date, if any;

 

(ii)    to pay or reimburse the master servicer, the special servicer and the trustee, as applicable, pursuant to the terms of the PSA for Advances made by any of them and interest on Advances (the master servicer’s, special servicer’s or the trustee’s respective right, as applicable, to reimbursement for items described in this clause (ii) being limited as described above under “—Advances”) (provided that with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, such reimbursements are subject to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement);

 

(iii)   to pay to the master servicer and special servicer, as compensation, the aggregate unpaid servicing compensation;

 

(iv)   to pay to the operating advisor the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee (but, with respect to the period when the outstanding Certificate Balances of the Control Eligible Certificates have not been reduced to zero as a result of the allocation of Realized Losses to such certificates, only to the extent actually received from the related borrower) or the Operating Advisor Fee;

 

(v)    to pay to the asset representations reviewer the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee and any unpaid Asset Representations Reviewer Asset Review Fee (but only to the extent such Asset Representations Reviewer Asset Review Fee is to be paid by the issuing entity);

 

(vi)   to reimburse the trustee, the special servicer and the master servicer, as applicable, for certain Nonrecoverable Advances or Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts;

 

(vii)  to reimburse the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee, as applicable, for any unreimbursed expenses reasonably incurred with respect to each related Mortgage Loan that has been repurchased or substituted by such person pursuant to the PSA or otherwise;

 

(viii)  to reimburse the master servicer or the special servicer for any unreimbursed expenses reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the enforcement of the related mortgage loan seller’s obligations under the applicable section of the related MLPA;

 

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(ix)   to pay for any unpaid costs and expenses incurred by the issuing entity;

 

(x)    to pay itself and the special servicer, as applicable, as additional servicing compensation, (A) interest and investment income earned in respect of amounts relating to the issuing entity held in the Collection Account and the Companion Distribution Account (but only to the extent of the net investment earnings during the applicable one month period ending on the related Distribution Date) and (B) certain penalty charges and default interest;

 

(xi)   to recoup any amounts deposited in the Collection Account in error;

 

(xii)   to the extent not reimbursed or paid pursuant to any of the above clauses, to reimburse or pay the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the depositor or any of their respective directors, officers, members, managers, employees and agents, unpaid additional expenses of the issuing entity and certain other unreimbursed expenses incurred by such person pursuant to and to the extent reimbursable under the PSA and to satisfy any indemnification obligations of the issuing entity under the PSA;

 

(xiii)   to pay for the cost of the opinions of counsel or the cost of obtaining any extension to the time in which the issuing entity is permitted to hold REO Property;

 

(xiv)   to pay any applicable federal, state or local taxes imposed on any Trust REMIC, or any of their assets or transactions, together with all incidental costs and expenses, to the extent that none of the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator or the trustee is liable under the PSA;

 

(xv)    to pay the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee;

 

(xvi)   to reimburse the certificate administrator out of general collections on the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties for legal expenses incurred by and reimbursable to it by the issuing entity of any administrative or judicial proceedings related to an examination or audit by any governmental taxing authority;

 

(xvii)  to pay the related mortgage loan seller or any other person, with respect to each Mortgage Loan, if any, previously purchased or replaced by such person pursuant to the PSA, all amounts received thereon subsequent to the date of purchase or replacement relating to periods after the date of purchase or replacement;

 

(xviii)  to remit to the certificate administrator for deposit in the Interest Reserve Account the amounts required to be deposited in the Interest Reserve Account pursuant to the PSA;

 

(xix)   to remit to the companion paying agent for deposit into the Companion Distribution Account the amounts required to be deposited pursuant to the PSA; and

 

(xx)    to clear and terminate the Collection Account pursuant to a plan for termination and liquidation of the issuing entity.

 

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No amounts payable or reimbursable to parties to the PSA out of general collections that do not specifically relate to a Serviced Whole Loan may be reimbursable from amounts that would otherwise be payable to the related Companion Loan.

 

Certain costs and expenses (such as a pro rata share of any related Servicing Advances) allocable to a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Serviced Whole Loan may be paid or reimbursed out of payments and other collections on the other Mortgage Loans, subject to the issuing entity’s right to reimbursement from future payments and other collections on the related Companion Loan or from general collections with respect to the securitization of the related Companion Loan. If the master servicer makes, with respect to any related Serviced Whole Loan, any reimbursement or payment out of the Collection Account to cover the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan’s share of any cost, expense, indemnity, Servicing Advance or interest on such Servicing Advance, or fee with respect to such Serviced Whole Loan, then the master servicer (with respect to a Mortgage Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan or a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and REO Properties) must use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to collect such amount out of collections on such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan or, if and to the extent permitted under the related Intercreditor Agreement, from the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan.

 

The master servicer will also be entitled to make withdrawals, from time to time, from the Collection Account of amounts necessary for the payments or reimbursements required to be paid to the parties to the applicable Non-Serviced PSA, pursuant to the applicable Intercreditor Agreement and the applicable Non-Serviced PSA. See “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

If a P&I Advance is made with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that is part of a Whole Loan, then that P&I Advance, together with interest on such P&I Advance, may only be reimbursed out of future payments and collections on that Mortgage Loan or, as and to the extent described under “—Advances” above, on other Mortgage Loans, but not out of payments or other collections on the related Serviced Companion Loan. Likewise, the Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee, the Operating Advisor Fee and the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee that accrue with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that is part of a Whole Loan and any other amounts payable to the operating advisor may only be paid out of payments and other collections on such Mortgage Loan and/or the Mortgage Pool generally, but not out of payments or other collections on the related Serviced Companion Loan.

 

Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses

 

General

 

The parties to the PSA other than the depositor will be entitled to payment of certain fees as compensation for services performed under the PSA. Below is a summary of the fees payable to the parties to the PSA from amounts that the issuing entity is entitled to receive. In addition, CREFC® will be entitled to a license fee for use of its names and trademarks, including the CREFC® Investor Reporting Package. Certain additional fees and costs payable by the related borrowers are allocable to the parties to the PSA other than the depositor, but such amounts are not payable from amounts that the issuing entity is entitled to receive.

 

The amounts available for distribution on the certificates on any Distribution Date will generally be net of the following amounts:

 

401 

 

 

Type/Recipient(1) 

Fees

 

Amount(1) 

Source(1) 

Frequency 

Master Servicing Fee / Master Servicer With respect to the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan, the product of the monthly portion of the related annual Servicing Fee Rate calculated on the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan and any related Serviced Companion Loan. Out of recoveries of interest with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (and any related Serviced Companion Loan) or if unpaid after final recovery on the related Mortgage Loan, out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans. Monthly
Special Servicing Fee / Special Servicer With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and the related Serviced Companion Loan that are Specially Serviced Loans, the product of the monthly portion of the related annual Special Servicing Fee Rate calculated on the Stated Principal Balance of such Specially Serviced Loan. First, from Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds, and collections in respect of the related Mortgage Loan (and any related Serviced Companion Loan), and then from general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans. Monthly
Workout Fee / Special Servicer(2) With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and the related Serviced Companion Loan that are Corrected Loans, the Workout Fee Rate multiplied by all payments of interest and principal received on such Mortgage Loan and the related Serviced Companion Loan for so long as they remain a Corrected Loan. Out of each collection of interest, principal, and prepayment consideration received on the related Mortgage Loan (and each related Serviced Companion Loan) and then from general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans. Time to time
Liquidation Fee /Master Servicer(2) With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and the related Serviced Companion Loan with respect to which the master servicer acts as Enforcing Servicer and obtains (i) any Liquidation Proceeds or Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds, or (ii) Loss of Value Payments, an amount calculated by application of a Liquidation Fee Rate to From any Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds, Loss of Value Payments and any other revenues received with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (and each related Serviced Companion Loan) and then from general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans. Time to time

 

 

402 

 

 

Type/Recipient(1) 

Fees

 

Amount(1) 

Source(1) 

Frequency 

  the related payment or proceeds (exclusive of default interest).    
Liquidation Fee /Special Servicer(2) With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan that is a Specially Serviced Loan (or REO Property) or for which the special servicer is the enforcing servicer for which the special servicer obtains (i) a full, partial or discounted payoff, (ii) any Liquidation Proceeds or Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds, or (iii) Loss of Value Payments or Purchase Price paid by a mortgage loan seller, an amount calculated by application of a Liquidation Fee Rate to the related payment or proceeds (exclusive of default interest). From any Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds, Loss of Value Payments and any other revenues received with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (and each related Serviced Companion Loan) and then from general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans. Time to time
Additional Servicing Compensation / Master Servicer and/or Special Servicer(3) All modification fees, assumption application fees, defeasance fees, assumption, waiver, consent and earnout fees, late payment charges, default interest, review fees and other similar fees actually collected on the Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan. Related payments made by borrowers with respect to the related Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan. Time to time
Certificate Administrator / Trustee Fee / Certificate Administrator With respect to each Distribution Date, an amount equal to the product of the monthly portion of the annual Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate multiplied by the Stated Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan. Out of general collections with respect to Mortgage Loans on deposit in the Collection Account or the Distribution Account. Monthly
Certificate Administrator / With respect to each Distribution Date, an Out of general collections with respect to Mortgage Monthly

 

403 

 

 

 

Type/Recipient(1) 

Fees

 

Amount(1) 

Source(1) 

Frequency 

Trustee Fee / Trustee amount equal to the monthly portion of the annual Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee. Loans on deposit in the Collection Account or the Distribution Account.  
Operating Advisor Fee / Operating Advisor With respect to each Distribution Date, an amount equal to the product of the monthly portion of the annual Operating Advisor Fee Rate multiplied by the Stated Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan (excluding each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and each related Companion Loan). First, out of recoveries of interest with respect to the related Mortgage Loan and then, if the related Mortgage Loan has been liquidated, out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans. Monthly
Operating Advisor Consulting Fee / Operating Advisor $10,000 for each Major Decision made with respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and each related Companion Loan) or, with respect to the period when the outstanding Certificate Balances of the Control Eligible Certificates have not been reduced to zero as a result of the allocation of Realized Losses to such certificates, such lesser amount as the related borrower agrees to pay with respect to such Mortgage Loan. Payable by the related borrower when incurred during the period when the outstanding Certificate Balances of the Control Eligible Certificates have not been reduced to zero as a result of the allocation of Realized Losses to such certificates; and when incurred subsequent to such period, out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account. Time to time
Asset Representations Reviewer Fee / Asset Representations Reviewer With respect to each Distribution Date, an amount equal to the product of the monthly portion of the annual Asset Representations Reviewer Fee Rate multiplied by the Stated Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan (including each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, but excluding each Companion Loan). Out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account. Monthly
Asset Representations Reviewer Upfront Fee A fee of $5,000 on the Closing Date. Payable by the mortgage loan sellers. At closing
Asset Representations For each Delinquent Loan, Payable by the related In connection

 

404 

 

 

Type/Recipient(1) 

Fees

 

Amount(1) 

Source(1) 

Frequency 

Reviewer Asset Review Fee an amount equal to (i) $15,000 plus $1,000 per additional Mortgaged Property with respect to a Delinquent Loan with a Cut-off Date Balance less than $20,000,000, (ii) $20,000 plus $1,000 per additional Mortgaged Property with respect to a Delinquent Loan with a Cut-off Date Balance greater than or equal to $20,000,000, but less than $40,000,000 or (iii) $25,000 plus $1,000 per additional Mortgaged Property with respect to a Delinquent Loan with a Cut-off Date Balance greater than or equal to $40,000,000. mortgage loan seller; provided, however, that if the related mortgage loan seller is insolvent or fails to pay such amount within 90-days of written request by the asset representations reviewer, such fee will be paid by the trust out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account. with each Asset Review with respect to a Delinquent Loan.
Servicing Advances / Master Servicer, Special Servicer or Trustee To the extent of funds available, the amount of any Servicing Advances. First, from funds collected with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (and any related Serviced Companion Loan), and then with respect to any Nonrecoverable Advance or a Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount, out of general collections with respect to Mortgage Loans on deposit in the Collection Account, subject to certain limitations. Time to time
Interest on Servicing Advances / Master Servicer, Special Servicer or Trustee At a rate per annum equal to the Reimbursement Rate calculated on the number of days the related Advance remains unreimbursed. First, out of late payment charges and default interest on the related Mortgage Loan (and any related Serviced Companion Loan), and then, after or at the same time such Servicing Advance is reimbursed, out of any other amounts then on deposit in the Collection Account, subject to certain limitations. Time to time
P&I Advances / Master Servicer and Trustee To the extent of funds available, the amount of any P&I Advances. First, from funds collected with respect to the related Mortgage Loan and then, with respect to a Nonrecoverable Advance or a Workout-Delayed Time to time

 

405 

 

 

Type/Recipient(1) 

Fees

 

Amount(1) 

Source(1) 

Frequency 

    Reimbursement Amount, out of general collections on deposit in the Collection Account.  
Interest on P&I Advances / Master Servicer and Trustee At a rate per annum equal to the Reimbursement Rate calculated on the number of days the related Advance remains unreimbursed. First, out of default interest and late payment charges on the related Mortgage Loan and then, after or at the same time such P&I Advance is reimbursed, out of general collections then on deposit in the Collection Account with respect to the other Mortgage Loans. Monthly
Indemnification Expenses / Trustee, Certificate Administrator, Depositor, Master Servicer, Special Servicer, Operating Advisor or Asset Representations Reviewer and any director, officer, employee or agent of any of the foregoing parties Amount to which such party is entitled for indemnification under the PSA. Out of general collections with respect to Mortgage Loans on deposit in the Collection Account or the Distribution Account (and, under certain circumstances, from collections on any Serviced Companion Loan). Time to time
CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee / CREFC® With respect to each Distribution Date, an amount equal to the product of the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate multiplied by the outstanding principal amount of each Mortgage Loan. Out of general collections with respect to Mortgage Loans on deposit in the Collection Account. Monthly
Expenses of the issuing entity not advanced (which may include reimbursable expenses incurred by the operating advisor or asset representations reviewer, expenses relating to environmental remediation or appraisals, expenses of operating REO Based on third party charges. First from collections on the related Mortgage Loan (income on the related REO Property), if applicable, and then from general collections with respect to Mortgage Loans in the Collection Account (and custodial accounts with respect to a Serviced Companion Loan, if applicable), subject to certain limitations.  

 

406 

 

 

Type/Recipient(1) 

Fees

 

Amount(1) 

Source(1) 

Frequency 

Property and expenses incurred by any independent contractor hired to operate REO Property)      

 

(1)With respect to any Mortgage Loan and any related Serviced Companion Loan (or any Specially Serviced Loan) in respect of which an REO Property was acquired, all references to Mortgage Loan, Companion Loan, Specially Serviced Loan in this table will be deemed to also be references to or to also include any REO Loans. With respect to each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the related master servicer, special servicer, certificate administrator, trustee, operating advisor, if any, and/or asset representations reviewer, if any, under the related Non-Serviced PSA will be entitled to receive similar fees and reimbursements with respect to that Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan in amounts, from sources and at frequencies that are similar, but not necessarily identical, to those described above and, in certain cases (for example, with respect to unreimbursed special servicing fees and servicing advances with respect to each Non-Serviced Whole Loan), such amounts may be reimbursable from general collections on the other Mortgage Loans to the extent not recoverable from the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan. In connection with the servicing and administration of any Serviced Whole Loan pursuant to the terms of the PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement, the master servicer and special servicer will be entitled to servicing compensation, without duplication, with respect to the related Serviced Companion Loan as well as the related Mortgage Loan to the extent consistent with the PSA and not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

(2)Subject to certain offsets as described below. Circumstances as to when a Liquidation Fee is not payable are set forth in this “Pooling and Servicing AgreementServicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses” section.

 

(3)Allocable between the master servicer and the special servicer as provided in the PSA.

 

Master Servicing Compensation

 

The fee of the master servicer including the fee of any primary or other sub-servicer (the “Servicing Fee”) will be payable monthly from amounts allocable in respect of interest received in respect of each Mortgage Loan, Serviced Companion Loan (to the extent not prohibited under the related Intercreditor Agreement) and REO Loan (other than the portion of any REO Loan related to any Non-Serviced Companion Loan) (including Specially Serviced Loans and any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan constituting a “specially serviced loan” under any related Non-Serviced PSA), and will accrue at a rate (the “Servicing Fee Rate”) on the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan, Serviced Companion Loan or REO Loan, equal to a per annum rate ranging from 0.00375% to 0.07500%. The Servicing Fee payable to the master servicer with respect to any related Serviced Companion Loan will be payable, subject to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement, from amounts payable in respect of the related Companion Loan.

 

In addition to the Servicing Fee, the master servicer will be entitled to retain, as additional servicing compensation (other than with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), the following amounts to the extent collected from the related borrowers:

 

100% of Excess Modification Fees related to any modifications, waivers, extensions or amendments of any such Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that are not Specially Serviced Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement, that are Master Servicer Decisions; provided that if any such matter involves a Major Decision, then the master servicer will be entitled to 50% of such Excess Modification Fees;

 

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100% of all assumption application fees and other similar items received on any such Mortgage Loans that are non-Specially Serviced Loans (including any related Serviced Companion Loan to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement) to the extent the master servicer is processing the underlying transaction and 100% of all defeasance fees (provided that for the avoidance of doubt, any such defeasance fee will not include any modification fees or waiver fees in connection with a defeasance that the special servicer is entitled to under the PSA);

 

100% of assumption, waiver, consent and earnout fees and other similar fees (other than assumption application fees and defeasance fees) pursuant to the PSA on any such Mortgage Loans that are not Specially Serviced Loans (including any related Serviced Companion Loan to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement) relating to Master Servicer Decisions; provided that if any such matter involves a Major Decision, then the master servicer will be entitled to 50% of such assumption, waiver, consent and earnout fees and other similar fees;

 

with respect to accounts held by the master servicer, 100% of charges by the master servicer collected for checks returned for insufficient funds;

 

100% of charges for beneficiary statements or demands actually paid by the related borrowers under such Mortgage Loans (and any related Serviced Companion Loan) that are not Specially Serviced Loans;

 

the excess, if any, of Prepayment Interest Excesses over Prepayment Interest Shortfalls arising from any principal prepayments on such Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan; and

 

late payment charges and default interest paid by such borrowers (that were accrued while the related Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any related Serviced Companion Loan (to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement) were not Specially Serviced Loans), but only to the extent such late payment charges and default interest are not needed to pay interest on Advances or certain additional trust fund expenses (excluding Special Servicing Fees, Liquidation Fees and Workout Fees) incurred with respect to the related Mortgage Loan or, if provided under the related Intercreditor Agreement, any related Serviced Companion Loan, since the Closing Date.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, (A) the master servicer will be entitled to that portion, if any, of a penalty charge collected on a Specially Serviced Loan to the extent accrued prior to the related servicing transfer event and (B) if the related Special Servicer has partially waived any penalty charge (part of which accrued when the related Mortgage Loan was not a Specially Serviced Loan and part of which accrued when the related Mortgage Loan was a Specially Serviced Loan), any collections in respect of such penalty charge will be shared pro rata by the master servicer and the special servicer based on the respective portions of such penalty charge to which each would otherwise have been entitled.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, the master servicer and the special servicer will each be entitled to charge and retain reasonable review fees in connection with any borrower request to the extent such fees are not prohibited under the related Mortgage Loan documents and are actually paid by or on behalf of the related borrower. In addition,

 

408 

 

 

the master servicer also is authorized but not required to invest or direct the investment of funds held in the Collection Account and Companion Distribution Account in Permitted Investments, and the master servicer will be entitled to retain any interest or other income earned on those funds and will bear any losses resulting from the investment of these funds, except as set forth in the PSA. The master servicer also is entitled to retain any interest earned on any servicing escrow account maintained by the master servicer, to the extent the interest is not required to be paid to the related borrowers.

 

See “—Modifications, Waivers and Amendments”.

 

Excess Modification Fees“ means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan, the sum of (A) the excess, if any, of (i) any and all Modification Fees with respect to a modification, waiver, extension or amendment of any of the terms of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, over (ii) all unpaid or unreimbursed additional expenses (including, without limitation, reimbursement of Advances and interest on Advances to the extent not otherwise paid or reimbursed by the borrower but excluding Special Servicing Fees, Workout Fees and Liquidation Fees) outstanding or previously incurred on behalf of the issuing entity with respect to the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, and reimbursed from such Modification Fees and (B) expenses previously paid or reimbursed from Modification Fees as described in the preceding clause (A), which expenses have been recovered from the related borrower or otherwise.

 

Modification Fees“ means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Companion Loan, any and all fees with respect to a modification, extension, waiver or amendment that modifies, extends, amends or waives any term of such Mortgage Loan documents and/or related Serviced Companion Loan documents (as evidenced by a signed writing) agreed to by the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable (other than all assumption fees, assumption application fees, consent fees, defeasance fees, Special Servicing Fees, Liquidation Fees or Workout Fees).

 

With respect to the master servicer and the special servicer, the Excess Modification Fees collected and earned by such person from the related borrower (taken in the aggregate with any other Excess Modification Fees collected and earned by such person from the related borrower within the prior 12 months of the collection of the current Excess Modification Fees) will be subject to a cap of 1.0% of the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan on the closing date of the related modification, extension, waiver or amendment (after giving effect to such modification, extension, waiver or amendment) with respect to any Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan.

 

The Servicing Fee is calculated on the Stated Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan (including each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and any successor REO Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan in the same manner as interest is calculated on such Mortgage Loans and Serviced Companion Loan. The Servicing Fee for each Mortgage Loan and any successor REO Loan is included in the Administrative Cost Rate listed for that Mortgage Loan on Annex A-1. Any Servicing Fee Rate calculated on an Actual/360 Basis will be recomputed on the basis of twelve 30-day months, assuming a 360-day year (“30/360 Basis“) for purposes of calculating the Net Mortgage Rate.

 

Pursuant to the terms of the PSA, Wells Fargo Bank will be entitled to retain a portion of the Servicing Fee with respect to each Mortgage Loan and any successor REO Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and, to the extent provided for in the related Intercreditor Agreement, each related Serviced Companion Loan, notwithstanding

 

409 

 

 

any termination or resignation of such party as master servicer; provided that Wells Fargo Bank may not retain any portion of the Servicing Fee to the extent that portion of the Servicing Fee is required to appoint a successor master servicer. In addition, Wells Fargo Bank will have the right to assign and transfer its rights to receive that retained portion of its Servicing Fee to another party.

 

The master servicer will be required to pay its overhead and any general and administrative expenses incurred by it in connection with its servicing activities under the PSA. The master servicer will not be entitled to reimbursement for any expenses incurred by it except as expressly provided in the PSA. The master servicer will be responsible for all fees payable to any sub-servicers. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Method, Timing and Amount”.

 

A Liquidation Fee will be payable to the master servicer with respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) with respect to which the master servicer acts as Enforcing Servicer and obtains (i) any Liquidation Proceeds or Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds or (ii) Loss of Value Payments (including with respect to the related Companion Loan, if applicable).

 

With respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer (or primary servicer) will be entitled to a primary servicing fee accruing at a rate equal to (i) 0.00250% per annum with respect to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio, the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan and the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan and (ii) 0.00125% per annum with respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan, the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan and the Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan. In each of the foregoing cases, such primary servicing fee rate is included as part of the Servicing Fee Rate for purposes of the information presented in this prospectus.

 

Special Servicing Compensation

 

The principal compensation to be paid to the special servicer in respect of its special servicing activities will be the Special Servicing Fee, the Workout Fee and the Liquidation Fee.

 

The “Special Servicing Fee“ will accrue with respect to each Specially Serviced Loan and each REO Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) on a loan-by-loan basis at a rate equal to the greater of (i) a per annum rate of 0.25% and (ii) the per annum rate that would result in a special servicing fee of $3,500 for the related month (the “Special Servicing Fee Rate“), calculated on the basis of the Stated Principal Balance of the related Mortgage Loan (including any REO Loan) and Companion Loan, as applicable, and in the same manner as interest is calculated on the Specially Serviced Loans, and will be payable monthly, first from Liquidation Proceeds, Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds, and collections in respect of the related REO Property or Specially Serviced Loan and then from general collections on all the Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any REO Properties. Each Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be subject to a similar special servicing fee pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA. For further detail, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans”.

 

The “Workout Fee“ will generally be payable with respect to each Corrected Loan and will be calculated by application of a “Workout Fee Rate“ of 1.00% to each collection (other than penalty charges and Excess Interest) of interest and principal (other than any amount for which a Liquidation Fee would be paid) (including scheduled payments, prepayments, balloon payments, and payments at maturity or anticipated repayment date) received on

 

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the Corrected Loan for so long as it remains a Corrected Loan; provided, however, that after receipt by the special servicer of Workout Fees with respect to such Corrected Loan in an amount equal to $25,000, any Workout Fees in excess of such amount will be reduced by the Excess Modification Fee Amount; provided, further, however, that in the event the Workout Fee collected over the course of such workout calculated at the Workout Fee Rate is less than $25,000, then the special servicer will be entitled to an amount from the final payment on the related Corrected Loan (including any related Serviced Companion Loan) that would result in the total Workout Fees payable to the special servicer in respect of that Corrected Loan (including any related Serviced Companion Loan) equal to $25,000. The “Excess Modification Fee Amount“ with respect to the master servicer or special servicer, any Corrected Loan and any particular modification, waiver, extension or amendment with respect to such Corrected Loan that gives rise to the payment of a Workout Fee, is an amount equal to the aggregate of any Excess Modification Fees paid by or on behalf of the related borrower with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (including the related Serviced Companion Loan, if applicable, unless prohibited under the related Intercreditor Agreement) and received and retained by the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, as compensation within the prior 12 months of such modification, waiver, extension or amendment, but only to the extent those fees have not previously been deducted from a Workout Fee or Liquidation Fee. Each Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be subject to a similar workout fee pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA. For further details, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans”, “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

The Workout Fee with respect to any Corrected Loan will cease to be payable if the Corrected Loan again becomes a Specially Serviced Loan but will become payable again if and when the Mortgage Loan (including a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) again becomes a Corrected Loan. The Workout Fee with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan that becomes a Corrected Loan will be reduced by any Excess Modification Fees paid by or on behalf of the related borrower with respect to a related Mortgage Loan or REO Loan and received by the special servicer as compensation within the prior 12 months, but only to the extent those fees have not previously been deducted from a Workout Fee or Liquidation Fee.

 

If the special servicer is terminated (other than for cause) or resigns, it will retain the right to receive any and all Workout Fees payable with respect to a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Companion Loan that became a Corrected Loan during the period that it acted as special servicer and remained a Corrected Loan at the time of that termination or resignation, except that such Workout Fees will cease to be payable if the Corrected Loan again becomes a Specially Serviced Loan. The successor special servicer will not be entitled to any portion of those Workout Fees. If the special servicer resigns or is terminated (other than for cause), it will receive any Workout Fees payable on Specially Serviced Loans for which the resigning or terminated special servicer had determined to grant a forbearance or cured the event of default through a modification, restructuring or workout negotiated by the special servicer and evidenced by a signed writing, but which had not as of the time the special servicer resigned or was terminated become a Corrected Loan solely because the borrower had not made 3 consecutive timely Periodic Payments and which subsequently becomes a Corrected Loan as a result of the borrower making such 3 consecutive timely Periodic Payments.

 

A Liquidation Fee will be payable to the special servicer with respect to each (a) non-Specially Serviced Loan with respect to which it acts as the Enforcing Servicer, (b) Specially Serviced Loan or (c) REO Property (except with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage

 

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Loan) as to which the special servicer obtains (i) a full, partial or discounted payoff from the related borrower, (ii) any Liquidation Proceeds or Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds or (iii) Loss of Value Payments or Purchase Price (including with respect to the related Companion Loan, if applicable).

 

A “Liquidation Fee“, with respect to a Mortgage Loan or an REO Property, will be an amount payable from, and calculated by application of a “Liquidation Fee Rate“ of 1.00% to the related payment or proceeds (or, if such rate would result in an aggregate liquidation fee less than $25,000, then the Liquidation Fee Rate will be equal to such higher rate as would result in an aggregate liquidation fee equal to $25,000); provided that the Liquidation Fee with respect to any Mortgage Loan will be reduced by the amount of any Excess Modification Fees paid by or on behalf of the related borrower with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (including a Serviced Companion Loan) or REO Property and received by the special servicer as compensation within the prior 12 months, but only to the extent those fees have not previously been deducted from a Workout Fee or Liquidation Fee.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary described above, no Liquidation Fee will be payable based upon, or out of, Liquidation Proceeds or a Loss of Value Payment received in connection with:

 

(i)       (A) the repurchase of, or substitution for, any Mortgage Loan or Serviced Companion Loan by a mortgage loan seller for a breach of representation or warranty or for defective or deficient Mortgage Loan documentation within the time period (or extension of such time period) provided for such repurchase or substitution if such repurchase or substitution occurs prior to the termination of such extended period, or (B) the payment of a Loss of Value Payment in connection with any such breach or document defect if the applicable mortgage loan seller makes such Loss of Value Payment within the 90-day initial cure period or, if applicable, within the subsequent 90-day extended cure period,

 

(ii)       the purchase of any Specially Serviced Loan or an REO Property that is subject to mezzanine indebtedness by the holder of the related mezzanine loan, in each case, within 90 days of such holder’s purchase option first becoming exercisable during the period prior to such Mortgage Loan becoming a Corrected Loan,

 

(iii)       the purchase of all of the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties in connection with any termination of the issuing entity,

 

(iv)       with respect to a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, (A) a repurchase of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan by the related mortgage loan seller for a breach of representation or warranty or for defective or deficient Mortgage Loan documentation under the pooling and servicing agreement for the securitization trust that owns such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan within the time period (or extension of such time period) provided for such repurchase if such repurchase occurs prior to the termination of such extended period provided in such pooling and servicing agreement or (B) a purchase of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan by an applicable party to a pooling and servicing agreement pursuant to a clean-up call or similar liquidation of another securitization entity,

 

(v)       the purchase of any Specially Serviced Loan by the special servicer or its affiliate (except if such affiliate purchaser is the Directing Certificateholder or its affiliate; provided, however, that if no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, and such affiliated Directing Certificateholder or its affiliate purchases any Specially Serviced Loan within 90 days after the special servicer delivers to such

 

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Directing Certificateholder for approval the initial asset status report with respect to such Specially Serviced Loan, the special servicer will not be entitled to a liquidation fee in connection with such purchase by the Directing Certificateholder or its affiliates), or

 

(vi)       if a Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan becomes a Specially Serviced Loan only because of an event described in clause (1) of the definition of “Specially Serviced Loan” under the heading “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—General” and the related Liquidation Proceeds are received within 90-days following the related maturity date as a result of the related Mortgage Loan or a Serviced Whole Loan being refinanced or otherwise repaid in full.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that a liquidation fee is not payable due to the application of any of clauses (i) through (vi) above, the special servicer may still collect and retain a liquidation fee and similar fees from the related borrower to the extent provided for in, or not prohibited by, the related Mortgage Loan documents. Each Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be subject to a similar liquidation fee pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA. For further detail, see “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans”.

 

The special servicer will also be entitled to additional servicing compensation relating to each Mortgage Loan in the form of:

 

(i)       100% of Excess Modification Fees related to modifications, waivers, extensions or amendments of any Specially Serviced Loans,

 

(ii)      100% of assumption application fees and other similar items received with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and 100% of assumption application fees and other similar items received with respect to Mortgage Loans (other than Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans) and Serviced Companion Loans that are not Specially Serviced Loans to the extent the special servicer is processing the underlying transaction,

 

(iii)      100% of waiver, consent and earnout fees on any Specially Serviced Loan or certain other similar fees paid by the related borrower,

 

(iv)      100% of assumption fees and other related fees as further described in the PSA, received with respect to Specially Serviced Loans,

 

(v)       50% of all Excess Modification Fees and assumption, waiver, consent and earnout fees and other similar fees received with respect to any Mortgage Loans (other than Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans, but including any related Serviced Companion Loan(s)) that are not Specially Serviced Loans to the extent that the matter involves a Major Decision; and

 

(vi)       late payment charges and default interest paid by such borrowers (that were accrued while the related Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any related Serviced Companion Loan (to the extent not prohibited by the related Intercreditor Agreement) were Specially Serviced Loans), but only to the extent such late payment charges and default interest are not needed to pay interest on Advances or certain additional trust fund expenses (excluding Special Servicing Fees, Liquidation Fees and Workout Fees) incurred with respect to

 

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the related Mortgage Loan or, if provided under the related Intercreditor Agreement, any related Serviced Companion Loan since the Closing Date.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, (A) the special servicer will be entitled to that portion, if any, of a penalty charge collected on a Mortgage Loan to the extent accrued subsequent to a special servicing transfer event and prior to the date such Mortgage Loan became a Corrected Loan and (B) if the master servicer has partially waived any penalty charge (part of which accrued when the related Mortgage Loan was a Specially Serviced Loan and part of which accrued when the related Mortgage Loan was not a Specially Serviced Loan), any collections in respect of such penalty charge will be shared pro rata by the master servicer and the special servicer based on the respective portions of such penalty charge to which each would otherwise have been entitled.

 

For the avoidance of doubt, with respect to any fee split (other than a fee split with regard to penalty charges) between the master servicer and the special servicer pursuant to the terms of the PSA, the master servicer and the special servicer will each have the right, but not any obligation, to reduce or elect not to charge its respective percentage interest in any such fee; provided, however, that (x) neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will have the right to reduce or elect not to charge the percentage interest of any fee due to the other and (y) to the extent either of the master servicer or the special servicer exercises its right to reduce or elect not to charge its respective percentage interest in any fee, the party that reduced or elected not to charge such fee will not have any right to share in any portion of the other party’s fee. For the avoidance of doubt, if the master servicer decides not to charge any fee (other than penalty charges), the special servicer will still be entitled to charge the portion of the related fee the special servicer would have been entitled to if the master servicer had charged a fee and the master servicer will not be entitled to any percentage interest of such fee charged by the special servicer. Similarly, if the special servicer decides not to charge any fee (other than penalty charges), the master servicer will still be entitled to charge the portion of the related fee the master servicer would have been entitled to if the special servicer had charged a fee and the special servicer will not be entitled to any percentage interest of such fee charged by the master servicer.

 

The special servicer also is authorized but not required to invest or direct the investment of funds held in the REO Accounts and any loss of value reserve fund in Permitted Investments, and the special servicer will be entitled to retain any interest or other income earned on those funds and will bear any losses resulting from the investment of these funds, except as set forth in the PSA.

 

Each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is serviced under the related Non-Serviced PSA (including on those occasions under such Non-Serviced PSA when the servicing of such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan has been transferred from the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer to the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer). Accordingly, in its capacity as the special servicer under the PSA, the special servicer will not be entitled to receive any special servicing compensation for any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan. Only the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to special servicing compensation on any such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and only the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to special servicing compensation on any related Non-Serviced Whole Loan.

 

Disclosable Special Servicer Fees

 

The PSA will provide that the special servicer and its affiliates will be prohibited from receiving or retaining any Disclosable Special Servicer Fees in connection with the disposition, workout or foreclosure of any Mortgage Loan and Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, the management or disposition of any REO Property, or the performance

 

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of any other special servicing duties under the PSA. The PSA will also provide that, with respect to each Distribution Date, the special servicer must deliver or cause to be delivered to the master servicer within two (2) business days following the Determination Date, and the master servicer must deliver, to the extent it has received, to the certificate administrator, without charge and on the P&I Advance Date, an electronic report which discloses and contains an itemized listing of any Disclosable Special Servicer Fees received by the special servicer or any of its affiliates with respect to such Distribution Date, provided that no such report will be due in any month during which no Disclosable Special Servicer Fees were received.

 

Disclosable Special Servicer Fees“ means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and related Serviced Companion Loan (including any related REO Property), any compensation and other remuneration (including, without limitation, in the form of commissions, brokerage fees, rebates, or as a result of any other fee-sharing arrangement) received or retained by the special servicer or any of its affiliates that is paid by any person (including, without limitation, the issuing entity, any mortgagor, any manager, any guarantor or indemnitor in respect of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Companion Loan and any purchaser of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Companion Loan or REO Property) in connection with the disposition, workout or foreclosure of any Mortgage Loan, the management or disposition of any REO Property, and the performance by the special servicer or any such affiliate of any other special servicing duties under the PSA, other than (1) any Permitted Special Servicer/Affiliate Fees and (2) any compensation to which the special servicer is entitled pursuant to the PSA.

 

Permitted Special Servicer/Affiliate Fees“ means any commercially reasonable treasury management fees, banking fees, title insurance (or title agency) and/or other fees, insurance commissions or fees and appraisal fees received or retained by the special servicer or any of its affiliates in connection with any services performed by such party with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and Serviced Companion Loan (including any related REO Property) in accordance with the PSA.

 

The special servicer will be required to pay its overhead and any general and administrative expenses incurred by it in connection with its servicing activities under the PSA. The special servicer will not be entitled to reimbursement for any expenses incurred by it except as expressly provided in the PSA. See “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Method, Timing and Amount”.

 

Certificate Administrator and Trustee Compensation

 

As compensation for the performance of its routine duties, the trustee and the certificate administrator will be paid a fee (collectively, the “Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee“); provided that the Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee includes the trustee fee, and the certificate administrator will pay the trustee fee to the trustee in an amount equal to $290 per month. The Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee will be payable monthly from amounts received in respect of the Mortgage Loans and will be equal to the product of a rate equal to 0.00840% per annum (the “Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate“) and the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans and any REO Loans and will be calculated in the same manner as interest is calculated on such Mortgage Loans or REO Loans.

 

Operating Advisor Compensation

 

The fee of the operating advisor (the “Operating Advisor Fee“) will be payable monthly from amounts received in respect of each Mortgage Loan (excluding each Non-

 

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Serviced Mortgage Loan and any Companion Loan) and REO Loan, and will be equal to the product of a per annum rate equal to 0.00205% (the “Operating Advisor Fee Rate“), and the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans and any REO Loans and will be calculated in the same manner as interest is calculated on Mortgage Loans and REO Loans.

 

An “Operating Advisor Consulting Fee“ will be payable to the operating advisor with respect to each Major Decision on which the operating advisor has consultation obligations and performed its duties with respect to that Major Decision. The Operating Advisor Consulting Fee will be a fee for each such Major Decision equal to $10,000 (or such lesser amount as the related borrower agrees to pay) with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and any related Companion Loan); provided that the operating advisor may in its sole discretion reduce the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee with respect to any Major Decision; provided, further, however, that to the extent such fee is incurred after the outstanding Certificate Balances of the Control Eligible Certificates have been reduced to zero as a result of the allocation of Realized Losses to such certificates, such fee will be payable in full to the operating advisor as a trust fund expense.

 

Each of the Operating Advisor Fee and the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee will be payable from funds on deposit in the Collection Account out of amounts otherwise available to make distributions on the certificates as described above in “—Withdrawals from the Collection Account”, but with respect to the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee, only as and to the extent that such fee is actually received from the related borrower (other than as described above). If the operating advisor has consultation rights with respect to a Major Decision, the PSA will require the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, to use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to collect the applicable Operating Advisor Consulting Fee from the related borrower in connection with such Major Decision that are consistent with the efforts in accordance with the Servicing Standard that the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, would use to collect any borrower-paid fee not specified in the Mortgage Loan documents owed to it, and only to the extent not prohibited by the related Mortgage Loan documents, and in no event will it take any enforcement action with respect to the collection of such Operating Advisor Consulting Fee other than requests for collection. The master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, will each be permitted to waive or reduce the amount of any such Operating Advisor Consulting Fee payable by the related borrower if it determines that such full or partial waiver is in accordance with the Servicing Standard; provided that the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, will be required to consult, on a non-binding basis, with the operating advisor prior to any such waiver or reduction.

 

In addition to the Operating Advisor Fee and the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee, the operating advisor will be entitled to reimbursement of Operating Advisor Expenses in accordance with the terms of the PSA. “Operating Advisor Expenses“ for each Distribution Date will equal any unreimbursed indemnification amounts or additional trust fund expenses payable to the operating advisor pursuant to the PSA (other than the Operating Advisor Fee and the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee).

 

Asset Representations Reviewer Compensation

 

The asset representations reviewer will be paid a fee of $5,000 (the “Asset Representations Reviewer Upfront Fee“) on the Closing Date. As compensation for the performance of its routine duties, the asset representations reviewer will be paid a fee (the “Asset Representations Reviewer Fee“). The Asset Representations Reviewer Fee will be payable monthly from amounts received in respect of each Mortgage Loan (including each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, but excluding any Companion Loan) and REO Loan, and will be equal to the product of a rate equal to 0.00035% per annum (the “Asset Representations

 

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Reviewer Fee Rate“) and the Stated Principal Balance of each such Mortgage Loan, Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and REO Loan, and will be calculated in the same manner as interest is calculated on such Mortgage Loans. In connection with each Asset Review with respect to each Delinquent Loan, the asset representations reviewer will be required to be paid a fee equal to (i) $15,000 plus $1,000 per additional Mortgaged Property with respect to a Delinquent Loan with a Cut-off Date Balance less than $20,000,000, (ii) $20,000 plus $1,000 per additional Mortgaged Property with respect to a Delinquent Loan with a Cut-off Date Balance greater than or equal to $20,000,000, but less than $40,000,000 or (iii) $25,000 plus $1,000 per additional Mortgaged Property with respect to a Delinquent Loan with a Cut-off Date Balance greater than or equal to $40,000,000 (any such fee, the “Asset Representations Reviewer Asset Review Fee“).

 

The Asset Representations Reviewer Fee will be payable from funds on deposit in the Collection Account out of amounts otherwise available to make distributions on the certificates as described above in “—Withdrawals from the Collection Account”. The Asset Representations Reviewer Asset Review Fee with respect to each Delinquent Loan will be required to be paid by the related mortgage loan seller; provided, however, that if the related mortgage loan seller is insolvent or fails to pay such amount within 90 days of written request by the asset representations reviewer, such fee will be paid by the trust following delivery by the asset representations reviewer of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the master servicer of such insolvency or failure to pay such amount (which evidence may be an officer’s certificate of the asset representations reviewer); provided, further, that notwithstanding any payment of such fee by the issuing entity to the asset representations reviewer, such fee will remain an obligation of the related mortgage loan seller and the Enforcing Servicer will be required to pursue remedies against such mortgage loan seller to recover any such amounts to the extent paid by the issuing entity. The Asset Representations Reviewer Asset Review Fee with respect to a Delinquent Loan is required to be included in the Purchase Price for any Mortgage Loan that was the subject of a completed Asset Review and that is repurchased by the related mortgage loan seller, and such portion of the Purchase Price received will be used to reimburse the trust for any such fees paid to the asset representations reviewer pursuant to the terms of the PSA.

 

CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee

 

CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee will be paid to CREFC® on a monthly basis.

 

CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee“ with respect to each Mortgage Loan and REO Loan (other than the portion of an REO Loan related to any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) and for any Distribution Date is the amount accrued during the related Interest Accrual Period at the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate on the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan and REO Loan as of the close of business on the Distribution Date in such Interest Accrual Period; provided that such amounts will be computed for the same period and on the same interest accrual basis respecting which any related interest payment due or deemed due on the related Mortgage Loan and REO Loan is computed and will be prorated for partial periods. The CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee is a fee payable to CREFC® for a license to use the CREFC® Investor Reporting Package in connection with the servicing and administration, including delivery of periodic reports to the Certificateholders, of the issuing entity pursuant to the PSA. No CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee will be paid on any Companion Loan.

 

CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate“ with respect to each Mortgage Loan is a rate equal to 0.00050% per annum.

 

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Appraisal Reduction Amounts

 

After an Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred with respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or a Serviced Whole Loan, an Appraisal Reduction Amount is required to be calculated. An “Appraisal Reduction Event“ will occur on the earliest of:

 

(1)       120 days after an uncured delinquency (without regard to the application of any grace period), other than any uncured delinquency in respect of a balloon payment, occurs in respect of the Mortgage Loan or a related Companion Loan, as applicable;

 

(2)       the date on which a reduction in the amount of Periodic Payments on the Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable, or a change in any other material economic term of the Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable (other than an extension of its maturity), becomes effective as a result of a modification of the related Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable, by the special servicer;

 

(3)       30 days after the date on which a receiver has been appointed for the Mortgaged Property;

 

(4)       30 days after the date on which a borrower or the tenant at a single tenant property declares bankruptcy (and the bankruptcy petition is not otherwise dismissed within such time);

 

(5)       60 days after the date on which an involuntary petition of bankruptcy is filed with respect to the borrower if not dismissed within such time;

 

(6)       90 days after an uncured delinquency occurs in respect of a balloon payment with respect to such Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, except where a refinancing is anticipated within 120 days after the maturity date of the Mortgage Loan and related Companion Loan in which case 120 days after such uncured delinquency; and

 

(7)       immediately after a Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan becomes an REO Loan;

 

provided, however, that the 30-day period referenced in clauses (3) and (4) above will not apply if the related Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan.

 

No Appraisal Reduction Event may occur at any time when the Certificate Balances of all classes of Subordinate Certificates have been reduced to zero.

 

The “Appraisal Reduction Amount“ for any Distribution Date and for any Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), Serviced Companion Loan or any Serviced Whole Loan as to which any Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred, will be an amount, calculated by the special servicer (and, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, in consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (except in the case of an Excluded Loan) and, after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, in consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (except with respect to an Excluded Loan) and the operating advisor and, after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, in consultation with the operating advisor), as of the first Determination Date that is at least 10 business days following the date the special servicer receives an appraisal (together with

 

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information requested by the special servicer from the master servicer in accordance with the PSA that is in the possession of the master servicer and reasonably necessary to calculate the Appraisal Reduction Amount) or conducts a valuation described below equal to the excess of:

 

(a)       the Stated Principal Balance of that Mortgage Loan or the Stated Principal Balance of the applicable Serviced Whole Loan, as the case may be, over

 

(b)       the excess of

 

1.the sum of

 

a)90% of the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property as determined (A) by one or more MAI appraisals obtained by the special servicer with respect to that Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan with an outstanding principal balance equal to or in excess of $2,000,000 (the costs of which will be paid by the master servicer as an Advance), or (B) by an internal valuation performed by the special servicer (or at the special servicer’s election, by one or more MAI appraisals obtained by the special servicer) with respect to any Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan with an outstanding principal balance less than $2,000,000, minus with respect to any MAI appraisals such downward adjustments as the special servicer may make (without implying any obligation to do so) based upon its review of the appraisals and any other information it deems relevant; and

 

b)all escrows, letters of credit and reserves in respect of that Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan as of the date of calculation; over

 

2.the sum as of the Due Date occurring in the month of the date of determination of

 

a)to the extent not previously advanced by the master servicer or the trustee, all unpaid interest due on that Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan at a per annum rate equal to the Mortgage Rate,

 

b)all P&I Advances on the related Mortgage Loan and all Servicing Advances on the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan not reimbursed from the proceeds of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and interest on those Advances at the Reimbursement Rate in respect of that Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, and

 

c)all currently due and unpaid real estate taxes and assessments, insurance premiums and ground rents, unpaid Special Servicing Fees and all other amounts due and unpaid (including any capitalized interest whether or not then due and payable) with respect to such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan (which taxes, premiums, ground rents and other amounts have not

 

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been the subject of an Advance by the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee, as applicable).

 

Each Serviced Whole Loan will be treated as a single mortgage loan for purposes of calculating an Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to the Mortgage Loan and Companion Loan, as applicable, that comprise such Serviced Whole Loan. Any Appraisal Reduction Amount that would impact any Serviced Mortgage Loan will be allocated pro rata, between the related Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan and the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loans based upon their respective outstanding principal balances.

 

The special servicer will be required to use reasonable efforts to order an appraisal or conduct a valuation promptly upon the occurrence of an Appraisal Reduction Event (other than with respect to a Non-Serviced Whole Loan). On the first Determination Date occurring on or after the tenth business day following the receipt of the MAI appraisal or the completion of the valuation, the special servicer will be required to calculate and report to the master servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor and, prior to the occurrence and continuance of any Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder, the Appraisal Reduction Amount, taking into account the results of such appraisal or valuation and receipt of information requested by the special servicer from the master servicer that is in the possession of the master servicer and reasonably necessary to calculate the Appraisal Reduction Amount. Such report will also be forwarded by the master servicer (or the special servicer if the Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan), to the extent any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan has been included in a securitization transaction, to the master servicer of such securitization into which the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan has been sold, or to the holder of any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan.

 

Following the master servicer’s receipt from the special servicer of the calculation of the Appraisal Reduction Amounts, the master servicer will be required to provide such information to the certificate administrator in the form of the CREFC® loan periodic update file and CREFC® appraisal reduction template provided to it by the special servicer.

 

In the event that the special servicer has not received any required MAI appraisal within 60 days after the Appraisal Reduction Event (or, in the case of an appraisal in connection with an Appraisal Reduction Event described in clauses (1) and (6) of the definition of Appraisal Reduction Event above, within 120 days (in the case of clause (1)) or 90 or 120 days (in the case of clause (6)), respectively, after the initial delinquency for the related Appraisal Reduction Event), the Appraisal Reduction Amount will be deemed to be an amount equal to 25% of the current Stated Principal Balance of the related Mortgage Loan (or Serviced Whole Loan) until an MAI appraisal is received by the special servicer and the Appraisal Reduction Amount is calculated as of the first Determination Date that is at least 10 business days after the special servicer’s receipt of such MAI appraisal or completion of its internal valuation. The master servicer will provide (via electronic delivery) the special servicer with any information in its possession that is reasonably required to determine, redetermine, calculate or recalculate any Appraisal Reduction Amount pursuant to its definition using reasonable efforts to deliver such information within four business days of the special servicer’s reasonable request; provided, however, that the special servicer’s failure to timely make such a request will not relieve the master servicer of its obligation to use reasonable efforts to provide such information to the special servicer within 4 business days following the special servicer’s reasonable request. The master servicer will not calculate Appraisal Reduction Amounts.

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any Serviced Whole Loan as to which an Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred (unless the

 

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Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan has remained current for 3 consecutive Periodic Payments, and with respect to which no other Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred with respect to that Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan during the preceding 3 months (for such purposes taking into account any amendment or modification of such Mortgage Loan, any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan or Serviced Whole Loan)), the special servicer is required (i) within 30 days of each anniversary of the related Appraisal Reduction Event and (ii) upon its determination that the value of the related Mortgaged Property has materially changed, to notify the master servicer of the occurrence of such anniversary or determination and to order an appraisal (which may be an update of a prior appraisal), the cost of which will be paid by the master servicer as a Servicing Advance (or to the extent it would be a Nonrecoverable Advance, an expense of the issuing entity paid out of the Collection Account), or to conduct an internal valuation, as applicable. Based upon the appraisal or valuation and receipt of information reasonably requested by the special servicer from the master servicer necessary to calculate the Appraisal Reduction Amount, the special servicer is required to determine or redetermine, as applicable, and report to the master servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor and, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, and other than with respect to an Excluded Loan, the Directing Certificateholder, the amount and calculation or recalculation of the Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount, as applicable, with respect to the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, as applicable. Such report will also be forwarded, to the extent the related Serviced Companion Loan has been included in a securitization transaction, to the master servicer of such securitization transaction, or to the holder of any related Serviced Companion Loan, by the master servicer (or the special servicer if such Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan). Prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event other than with respect to an Excluded Loan, the special servicer will consult with the Directing Certificateholder, with respect to any appraisal, valuation or downward adjustment in connection with an Appraisal Reduction Amount. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the special servicer will not be required to obtain an appraisal or valuation with respect to a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan that is the subject of an Appraisal Reduction Event to the extent the special servicer has obtained an appraisal or valuation with respect to the related Mortgaged Property within the 12-month period prior to the occurrence of the Appraisal Reduction Event. Instead, the special servicer may use the prior appraisal or valuation in calculating any Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, provided that the special servicer is not aware of any material change to the Mortgaged Property that has occurred that would affect the validity of the appraisal or valuation.

 

Each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is subject to provisions in the related Non-Serviced PSA relating to appraisal reductions that are similar, but not necessarily identical, to the provisions described above. The existence of an appraisal reduction under a Non-Serviced PSA in respect of the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will proportionately reduce the master servicer’s or the trustee’s, as the case may be, obligation to make P&I Advances on the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and will generally have the effect of reducing the amount otherwise available for distributions to the Certificateholders. Pursuant to such Non-Serviced PSA, the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will be treated, together with each related Non-Serviced Companion Loan, as a single mortgage loan for purposes of calculating an appraisal reduction amount with respect to the loans that comprise a Non-Serviced Whole Loan. Any appraisal reduction amount calculated with respect to a Non-Serviced Whole Loan will generally be allocated first, to any related Subordinate Companion Loan(s) and then, to the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the related Non-Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan(s) on a pro rata basis based upon their respective Stated Principal Balances. Any appraisal reduction amount determined under such Non-Serviced PSA and allocable to such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan pursuant

 

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to the related intercreditor agreement will constitute an “Appraisal Reduction Amount” under the terms of the PSA with respect to the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan.

 

If any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any Serviced Whole Loan previously subject to an Appraisal Reduction Amount becomes a Corrected Loan, and no other Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred and is continuing with respect to such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, the Appraisal Reduction Amount and the related Appraisal Reduction Event will cease to exist.

 

As a result of calculating one or more Appraisal Reduction Amounts (and, in the case of any Whole Loan, to the extent allocated in the related Mortgage Loan), the amount of any required P&I Advance will be reduced, which will have the effect of reducing the allocable amount of interest available to the most subordinate class of certificates then-outstanding (i.e., first, to the Class H-RR certificates, second, to the Class G-RR certificates, third, to the Class F-RR certificates, fourth, to the Class E-RR certificates, fifth, to the Class D certificates, sixth, to the Class C certificates, seventh, to the Class B certificates, eighth, to the Class A-S certificates, and finally, pro rata based on their respective interest entitlements, to the Senior Certificates). See “—Advances”.

 

As of the first Determination Date following a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) becoming an AB Modified Loan, the special servicer will be required to calculate whether a Collateral Deficiency Amount exists with respect to such AB Modified Loan, taking into account the most recent appraisal obtained by the special servicer with respect to such Mortgage Loan, and all other information in its possession relevant to a Collateral Deficiency Amount determination. Upon obtaining knowledge or receipt of notice by the master servicer that a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan has become an AB Modified Loan, the master servicer will be required to (i) promptly request from the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer, Non-Serviced Special Servicer and Non-Serviced Trustee the most recent appraisal with respect to such AB Modified Loan, in addition to all other information reasonably required by the master servicer to calculate whether a Collateral Deficiency Amount exists with respect to such AB Modified Loan, and (ii) as of the first Determination Date following receipt by the master servicer of the appraisal and any other information set forth in the immediately preceding clause (i) that the master servicer reasonably expects to receive, calculate whether a Collateral Deficiency Amount exists with respect to such AB Modified Loan, taking into account the most recent appraisal obtained by the Non-Serviced Special Servicer with respect to such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, and all other information in its possession relevant to a Collateral Deficiency Amount determination. Upon obtaining actual knowledge or receipt of notice by any other party to the PSA that a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan has become an AB Modified Loan, such party will be required to promptly notify the master servicer thereof. None of the master servicer (with respect to Mortgage Loans other than Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans), the special servicer (with respect to Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans), the trustee, the operating advisor or the certificate administrator will calculate or verify any Collateral Deficiency Amount.

 

A “Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount“ as of any date of determination and for any Mortgage Loan, is equal to the sum of (i) all Appraisal Reduction Amounts then in effect, and (ii) with respect to any AB Modified Loan, any Collateral Deficiency Amount then in effect. The master servicer and the certificate administrator will be entitled to conclusively rely on the special servicer’s calculation or determination of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan). With respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the special servicer and the certificate administrator will be entitled to conclusively rely on the applicable Non-Serviced Special Servicer’s calculation of any Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to

 

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such Mortgage Loan and on the master servicer’s calculation or determination of any Collateral Deficiency Amount with respect to such Mortgage Loan.

 

AB Modified Loan“ means any Corrected Loan (1) that became a Corrected Loan (which includes for purposes of this definition any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan that became a “corrected loan” (or any term substantially similar thereto) pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA) due to a modification thereto that resulted in the creation of an A/B note structure (or similar structure) and as to which the new junior note(s) did not previously exist or the principal amount of the new junior note(s) was previously part of either an A note held by the issuing entity or the original unmodified Mortgage Loan and (2) as to which an Appraisal Reduction Amount is not in effect.

 

Collateral Deficiency Amount“ means, with respect to any AB Modified Loan as of any date of determination, the excess of (i) the Stated Principal Balance of such AB Modified Loan (taking into account the related junior note(s) and any pari passu notes included therein), over (ii) the sum of (in the case of a Whole Loan, solely to the extent allocable to the subject Mortgage Loan) (x) the most recent appraised value for the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties, plus (y) solely to the extent not reflected or taken into account in such appraised value and to the extent on deposit with, or otherwise under the control of, the lender as of the date of such determination, any capital or additional collateral contributed by the related borrower at the time the Mortgage Loan became (and as part of the modification related to) such AB Modified Loan for the benefit of the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties (provided that in the case of a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the amounts set forth in this clause (y) will be taken into account solely to the extent relevant information is received by the master servicer), plus (z) any other escrows or reserves (in addition to any amounts set forth in the immediately preceding clause (y)) held by the lender in respect of such AB Modified Loan as of the date of such determination. The special servicer or the master servicer, as the case may be, the operating advisor and the certificate administrator will be entitled to conclusively rely on the master servicer’s or the special servicer’s, as the case may be, calculation or determination of any Collateral Deficiency Amount.

 

For purposes of determining the Controlling Class and the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event or an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts allocated to a related Mortgage Loan will be allocated to each class of Principal Balance Certificates in reverse sequential order to notionally reduce their Certificate Balances until the Certificate Balances of each such class is notionally reduced to zero (i.e., first, to the Class H-RR certificates, second, to the Class G-RR certificates, third, to the Class F-RR certificates, fourth, to the Class E-RR certificates, fifth, to the Class D certificates, sixth, to the Class C certificates, seventh, to the Class B certificates, eighth, to the Class A-S certificates, and finally, pro rata based on their respective interest entitlements, to the Senior Certificates (other than the Class X-A, Class X-B and Class X-D Certificates)).

 

With respect to any Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount calculated for purposes of determining the Controlling Class and the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event or an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property will be determined on an “as-is” basis. The special servicer (in the case of a Mortgage Loan other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or the master servicer (in the case of a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) will be required to promptly notify the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, and the certificate administrator of (i) any Appraisal Reduction Amount, (ii) any Collateral Deficiency Amount, and (iii) any resulting Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount, and the certificate administrator will be required to promptly post notice of such Appraisal Reduction Amount,

 

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Collateral Deficiency Amount and/or Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount, as applicable, to the certificate administrator’s website.

 

Any class of Control Eligible Certificates, the Certificate Balance of which (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts or Collateral Deficiency Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balance of such class) has been reduced to less than 25% of its initial Certificate Balance, is referred to as an “Appraised-Out Class“. Any Appraised-Out Class will no longer be the Controlling Class; provided, however, that if at any time, the Certificate Balances of the certificates other than the Control Eligible Certificates have been reduced to zero as a result of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans, then the Controlling Class will be the most subordinate class of Control Eligible Certificates that has a Certificate Balance greater than zero without regard to any Appraisal Reduction Amounts. The holders of the majority (by Certificate Balance) of an Appraised-Out Class will have the right, at their sole expense, to require the special servicer to order (or, with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, require the master servicer to request from the applicable Non-Serviced Special Servicer) a second appraisal of any Mortgage Loan (or Serviced Whole Loan) for which an Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred or as to which there exists a Collateral Deficiency Amount (such holders, the “Requesting Holders“). With respect to any such Mortgage Loan (other than with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), the special servicer will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause such appraisal to be (i) delivered within 30 days from receipt of the Requesting Holders’ written request and (ii) prepared on an “as-is” basis by an MAI appraiser. With respect to any such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the master servicer will be required to use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain such second appraisal from the applicable Non-Serviced Special Servicer and to forward such second appraisal to the special servicer. Upon receipt of such supplemental appraisal, the master servicer (for Collateral Deficiency Amounts on Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans), the applicable Non-Serviced Special Servicer (for Appraisal Reduction Amounts on Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans to extent provided for in the applicable Non-Serviced PSA and applicable Intercreditor Agreement) and the special servicer (for Mortgage Loans other than Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans) will be required to determine, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, whether, based on its assessment of such supplemental appraisal, any recalculation of the applicable Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount, as applicable, is warranted and, if so warranted, will recalculate such Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount, as applicable, based upon such supplemental appraisal and (in the case of a Mortgage Loan other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) receipt of information requested by the special servicer from the master servicer as described above. If required by any such recalculation, the applicable Appraised-Out Class will be reinstated as the Controlling Class and each other Appraised-Out Class will, if applicable, have its related Certificate Balance notionally restored to the extent required by such recalculation of the Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount, if applicable.

 

Any Appraised-Out Class for which the Requesting Holders are challenging the master servicer’s or special servicer’s, as applicable, Appraisal Reduction Amount or Collateral Deficiency Amount determination may not exercise any direction, control, consent and/or similar rights of the Controlling Class until such time, if any, as such class is reinstated as the Controlling Class; the rights of the Controlling Class will be exercised by the next most senior class of Control Eligible Certificates, if any, during such period.

 

With respect to each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the related Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder will be subject to provisions similar to those described above. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu

 

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Whole Loans”, “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

Maintenance of Insurance

 

To the extent permitted by the related Mortgage Loan and required by the Servicing Standard, the master servicer (with respect to the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan, but excluding any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) will be required to use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to cause each borrower to maintain, and the special servicer (with respect to REO Properties other than a Mortgaged Property securing a Non-Serviced Whole Loan and subject to the conditions set forth in the following sentence) will maintain, for the related Mortgaged Property all insurance coverage required by the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents; provided, however, that the master servicer (with respect to Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan) will not be required to cause the borrower to maintain and the special servicer (with respect to REO Properties) will not be required to maintain terrorism insurance to the extent that the failure of the related borrower to do so is an Acceptable Insurance Default (as defined below) or if the trustee does not have an insurable interest. Insurance coverage is required to be in the amounts (which, in the case of casualty insurance, is generally equal to the lesser of the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan and the replacement cost of the related Mortgaged Property), and from an insurer meeting the requirements, set forth in the related Mortgage Loan documents. If the borrower does not maintain such coverage, the master servicer (with respect to such Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan) or the special servicer (with respect to REO Properties other than a Mortgaged Property securing a Non-Serviced Whole Loan), as the case may be, will be required to maintain such coverage to the extent such coverage is available at commercially reasonable rates and the trustee has an insurable interest, as determined by the master servicer (with respect to the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Companion Loan) or the special servicer (with respect to REO Properties other than a Mortgaged Property securing a Non-Serviced Whole Loan), as applicable, in accordance with the Servicing Standard; provided that if any Mortgage Loan documents permit the holder thereof to dictate to the borrower the insurance coverage to be maintained on such Mortgaged Property, the master servicer or, with respect to REO Property, the special servicer will impose or maintain such insurance requirements as are consistent with the Servicing Standard taking into account the insurance in place at the origination of the Mortgage Loan; provided, further, that with respect to the immediately preceding proviso the master servicer will be obligated to use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to cause the borrower to maintain (or to itself maintain) insurance against property damage resulting from terrorist or similar acts unless the borrower’s failure is an Acceptable Insurance Default as determined by the master servicer (with respect to a non-Specially Serviced Loan) or the special servicer (with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan) with (unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing and other than with respect to an Excluded Loan) the consent of the Directing Certificateholder or (after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, but prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, and other than with respect to any Excluded Loan) after consultation with the Directing Certificateholder. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans” and “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Terrorism Insurance May Not Be Available for All Mortgaged Properties”.

 

Notwithstanding any contrary provision above, the master servicer will not be required to maintain, and will not be in default for failing to obtain, any earthquake or environmental insurance on any Mortgaged Property unless (other than with respect to a Mortgaged Property securing a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) such insurance was required

 

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at the time of origination of the related Mortgage Loan, the trustee has an insurable interest and such insurance is currently available at commercially reasonable rates. In addition, the master servicer and special servicer will be entitled to rely on insurance consultants (at the applicable servicer’s expense) in determining whether any insurance is available at commercially reasonable rates. After the master servicer determines that a Mortgaged Property (other than a Mortgaged Property securing a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) is located in an area identified as a federally designated special flood hazard area (and flood insurance has been made available), the master servicer will be required to use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard (1) to cause the borrower to maintain (to the extent required by the related Mortgage Loan documents), and (2) if the borrower does not so maintain, to itself maintain to the extent the trustee, as mortgagee, has an insurable interest in the Mortgaged Property and such insurance is available at commercially reasonable rates (as determined by the master servicer in accordance with the Servicing Standard but only to the extent that the related Mortgage Loan permits the lender to require the coverage) a flood insurance policy in an amount representing coverage not less than the lesser of (x) the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan (and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) and (y) the maximum amount of insurance which is available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended, plus such additional excess flood coverage with respect to the Mortgaged Property, if any, in an amount consistent with the Servicing Standard.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to the Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan that either (x) require the borrower to maintain “all-risk” property insurance (and do not expressly permit an exclusion for terrorism) or (y) contain provisions generally requiring the applicable borrower to maintain insurance in types and against such risks as the holder of such Mortgage Loan and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan reasonably requires from time to time in order to protect its interests, the master servicer will be required to, consistent with the Servicing Standard, (A) monitor in accordance with the Servicing Standard whether the insurance policies for the related Mortgaged Property contain exclusions in addition to those customarily found in insurance policies for mortgaged properties similar to the Mortgaged Properties on or prior to September 11, 2001 (“Additional Exclusions“) (provided that the master servicer and the special servicer will be entitled to conclusively rely upon certificates of insurance in determining whether such policies contain Additional Exclusions), (B) request the borrower to either purchase insurance against the risks specified in the Additional Exclusions or provide an explanation as to its reasons for failing to purchase such insurance, and (C) if the related Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Loan, notify the special servicer if it has knowledge that any insurance policy contains Additional Exclusions or if it has knowledge that any borrower fails to purchase the insurance requested to be purchased by the master servicer pursuant to clause (B) above. If the master servicer (with respect to a non-Specially Serviced Loan) or the special servicer (with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan) determines in accordance with the Servicing Standard that such failure is not an Acceptable Insurance Default, the special servicer (with regard to such determination made by the special servicer) will be required to notify the master servicer and the master servicer will be required to use efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to cause such insurance to be maintained. If the master servicer (with respect to a non-Specially Serviced Loan) or the special servicer (with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan) determines that such failure is an Acceptable Insurance Default, it will be required to promptly deliver such conclusions in writing to the 17g-5 Information Provider for posting to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website for those Mortgage Loans that (i) have one of the 10 highest outstanding principal balances of the Mortgage Loans then included in the issuing entity or (ii) comprise more than 5% of the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loans then included in the issuing entity.

 

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Acceptable Insurance Default“ means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan, a default under the related Mortgage Loan documents arising by reason of (i) any failure on the part of the related borrower to maintain with respect to the related Mortgaged Property specific insurance coverage with respect to, or an all-risk casualty insurance policy that does not specifically exclude, terrorist or similar acts, and/or (ii) any failure on the part of the related borrower to maintain with respect to the related Mortgaged Property insurance coverage with respect to damages or casualties caused by terrorist or similar acts upon terms not materially less favorable than those in place as of the Closing Date, in each case, as to which default the master servicer and the special servicer may forbear taking any enforcement action; provided that, subject to the consent or consultation rights of the Directing Certificateholder or the holder of any Companion Loan, the master servicer (with respect to a non-Specially Serviced Loan) or the special servicer (with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan) has determined in its reasonable judgment based on inquiry consistent with the Servicing Standard that either (a) such insurance is not available at commercially reasonable rates and that such hazards are not at the time commonly insured against for properties similar to the related Mortgaged Property and located in or around the region in which such related Mortgaged Property is located, or (b) such insurance is not available at any rate.

 

During the period that the master servicer or the special servicer is evaluating the availability of such insurance, or waiting for a response from the Directing Certificateholder or the holder of any Companion Loan, neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will be liable for any loss related to its failure to require the borrower to maintain (or its failure to maintain) such insurance and neither will be in default of its obligations as a result of such failure.

 

The special servicer will be required to maintain (or cause to be maintained) fire and hazard insurance on each REO Property (other than any REO Property with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) for which it is acting as special servicer, to the extent obtainable at commercially reasonable rates and the trustee has an insurable interest, in an amount that is at least equal to the lesser of (1) the full replacement cost of the improvements on the REO Property, and (2) the outstanding principal balance owing on the related Mortgage Loan and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan or REO Loan, as applicable, and in any event, the amount necessary to avoid the operation of any co-insurance provisions. In addition, if the REO Property is located in an area identified as a federally designated special flood hazard area, the special servicer will be required to cause to be maintained, to the extent available at commercially reasonable rates (as determined by the special servicer in accordance with the Servicing Standard), a flood insurance policy meeting the requirements of the current guidelines of the Federal Insurance Administration in an amount representing coverage not less than the maximum amount of insurance that is available under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended, plus such additional excess flood insurance with respect to the Mortgaged Property, if any, in an amount consistent with the Servicing Standard.

 

The PSA provides that the master servicer may satisfy its obligation to cause each applicable borrower to maintain a hazard insurance policy and the master servicer or special servicer may satisfy its obligation to maintain hazard insurance by maintaining a blanket or master single interest or force-placed policy insuring against hazard losses on the applicable Mortgage Loans and related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan and REO Properties (other than a Mortgaged Property securing a Non-Serviced Whole Loan), as applicable. Any losses incurred with respect to Mortgage Loans (and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) or REO Properties due to uninsured risks (including earthquakes, mudflows and floods) or insufficient hazard insurance proceeds may adversely affect payments to

 

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Certificateholders. Any cost incurred by the master servicer or special servicer in maintaining a hazard insurance policy, if the borrower defaults on its obligation to do so, will be advanced by the master servicer as a Servicing Advance and will be charged to the related borrower. Generally, no borrower is required by the Mortgage Loan documents to maintain earthquake insurance on any Mortgaged Property and the special servicer will not be required to maintain earthquake insurance on any REO Properties. Any cost of maintaining that kind of required insurance or other earthquake insurance obtained by the special servicer will be paid out of the applicable REO Account or advanced by the master servicer as a Servicing Advance.

 

The costs of the insurance may be recovered by the master servicer or the trustee, as the case may be, from reimbursements received from the borrower or, if the borrower does not pay those amounts, as a Servicing Advance as set forth in the PSA. All costs and expenses incurred by the special servicer in maintaining the insurance described above on REO Properties will be paid out of the related REO Account or, if the amount in such account is insufficient, such costs and expenses will be advanced by the master servicer to the special servicer as a Servicing Advance to the extent that such Servicing Advance is not determined to be a Nonrecoverable Advance and otherwise will be paid to the special servicer from general collections in the Collection Account.

 

No pool insurance policy, special hazard insurance policy, bankruptcy bond, repurchase bond or certificate guarantee insurance will be maintained with respect to the Mortgage Loans, nor will any Mortgage Loan be subject to FHA insurance.

 

Modifications, Waivers and Amendments

 

The master servicer will be responsible for processing waivers, modifications, amendments and consents that are not Major Decisions with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or any related Serviced Companion Loan that, in either case, is not a Specially Serviced Loan, without the consent or approval of the Directing Certificateholder (except as specified in the definition of “Master Servicer Decision”) or the consent or approval of the special servicer. The special servicer will be responsible for processing waivers, modifications, amendments and consents with respect to Specially Serviced Loans and will also be responsible for processing waivers, modifications, amendments and consents that are Major Decisions with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan. However, except as otherwise set forth in this paragraph, neither the special servicer nor the master servicer may waive, modify or amend (or consent to waive, modify or amend) any provision of a Mortgage Loan and/or Serviced Companion Loan that is not in default or as to which default is not reasonably foreseeable except for (1) the waiver of any due-on-sale clause or due-on-encumbrance clause to the extent permitted in the PSA, and (2) any waiver, modification or amendment more than 3 months after the Closing Date that would not be a “significant modification” of the Mortgage Loan within the meaning of Treasury regulations Section 1.860G-2(b) or otherwise cause any Trust REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC, or the Trust or any Trust REMIC to be subject to tax. Prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event and other than with respect to an Excluded Loan, the special servicer will only be permitted under the PSA to agree to any modifications, waivers and amendments that constitute Major Decisions with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder (which consent will be deemed given (unless earlier objected to by the Directing Certificateholder) within 10 business days of the Directing Certificateholder’s receipt from the special servicer of the special servicer’s recommendation and analysis with respect to such Major Decision); provided that after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, but prior to a Consultation Termination Event, the special servicer will not be permitted to agree to any such matter

 

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without the special servicer’s consultation with the Directing Certificateholder as provided in the PSA and described in this prospectus.

 

Upon receiving a request for any matter described in the first paragraph of this section that constitutes a Major Decision with respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that is not a Specially Serviced Loan, the master servicer will be required to promptly forward such request to the special servicer and the special servicer will be required to process such request (including, without limitation, interfacing with the borrower) and except as provided in the next sentence, the master servicer will have no further obligation with respect to such request or the Major Decision. The master servicer will deliver any additional information in the master servicer’s possession to the special servicer requested by the special servicer relating to such Major Decision. The master servicer will not be permitted to process any Major Decision and will not be required to interface with the borrower or provide a written recommendation and/or analysis with respect to any Major Decision.

 

With respect to a Mortgage Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan, the following actions will be performed by the master servicer (each such action, a “Master Servicer Decision“) and, in connection with each such action, the master servicer will not be required (other than as provided below in this paragraph) to seek or obtain the consent or approval of (or consult with) the Directing Certificateholder or the special servicer: (i) grant waivers of non-material covenant defaults (other than financial covenants), including late (but not waived) financial statements except that (other than with respect to any Excluded Loan, and prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event) the Directing Certificateholder’s consent (or deemed consent) will be required to grant waivers of more than three consecutive late deliveries of financial statements; (ii) consents to releases of non-material, non-income producing parcels of a Mortgaged Property that do not materially affect the use or value of the related Mortgaged Property or the ability of the related borrower to pay amounts due in respect of the Mortgage Loan as and when due, provided such releases are required by the related Mortgage Loan documents; (iii) approve or consent to grants of easements or rights of way (including, without limitation for utilities, access, parking, public improvements or another purpose) or subordination of the lien of the Mortgage Loan to easements, except that, prior to the occurrence and continuance of any Control Termination Event and other than in the case of any Excluded Loan, the Directing Certificateholder’s consent (or deemed consent) will be required to approve or consent to grants of easements or rights of way that materially affect the use or value of a Mortgaged Property or a borrower’s ability to make payments with respect to the related Mortgage Loan or any related Companion Loan; (iv) grant other routine approvals, including granting of subordination, non-disturbance and attornment agreements and consents involving leasing activities (other than for ground leases) (provided that, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event and other than in the case of any Excluded Loan, the Directing Certificateholder’s consent (or deemed consent) will be required for leasing activities that affect an area greater than or equal to 30% of the net rentable area of the improvements at the Mortgaged Property), including approval of new leases and amendments to current leases; (v) consent to actions and releases related to condemnation of parcels of a Mortgaged Property (provided that, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event and other than in the case of any Excluded Loan, the Directing Certificateholder’s consent (or deemed consent) will be required in connection with any condemnation with respect to a material parcel or a material income producing parcel or any condemnation that materially affects the use or value of the related Mortgaged Property or the ability of the related borrower to pay amounts due in respect of the related Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan when due); (vi) consent to a change in property management relating to any Mortgage Loan or any related Companion Loan if the

 

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replacement property manager is not a Borrower Party (provided that, prior to the occurrence and continuance of any Control Termination Event and other than in the case of any Excluded Loan, the Directing Certificateholder’s consent (or deemed consent) will be required for any Mortgage Loan (including any related Companion Loans) that has an outstanding principal balance equal to or greater than $10,000,000); (vii) approve annual operating budgets for Mortgage Loans; (viii) consent to any releases or reductions of or withdrawals from (as applicable) any letters of credit, escrow funds, reserve funds or other additional collateral with respect to any Mortgage Loan, except that (other than with respect to any Excluded Loan, and prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event) the Directing Certificateholder’s consent (or deemed consent) will be required for earnout, holdback or performance reserve releases specifically scheduled in the PSA for which there is lender discretion; (ix) grant any extension or enter into any forbearance with respect to the anticipated refinancing of a Mortgage Loan or sale of a Mortgaged Property after the related maturity date of such Mortgage Loan so long as (1) such extension or forbearance does not extend beyond 120 days after the related maturity date and (2) the related borrower has delivered documentation reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the master servicer which provides that a refinancing of such Mortgage Loan or sale of the related Mortgaged Property will occur within 120 days after the date on which such balloon payment will become due; (x) any modification, amendment, consent to a modification or waiver of any term of any Intercreditor Agreement or any intercreditor, co-lender or similar agreement with any mezzanine lender or subordinate debt holder, except that (other than with respect to any Excluded Loan and other than with respect to amendments to split or resize notes consistent with the terms of such Intercreditor Agreement or such intercreditor, co-lender or similar agreement) the Directing Certificateholder’s consent (or deemed consent) will be required for any such modification, amendment, consent to a modification or waiver of any term of any Intercreditor Agreement or any intercreditor, co-lender or similar agreement with any mezzanine lender or subordinate debt holder other than during a Control Termination Event, and if any modification or amendment would adversely impact the special servicer, such modification or amendment will additionally require the consent of the special servicer as a condition to its effectiveness; (xi) any determination of Acceptable Insurance Default, except that, prior to the occurrence and continuance of any Control Termination Event and other than in the case of any Excluded Loan, the Directing Certificateholder’s consent (or deemed consent) will be required in accordance with the terms of the PSA for any such determination; (xii) approve or consent to any defeasance of the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Companion Loan other than agreeing to (A) a modification of the type of defeasance collateral required under the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan documents other than direct, non-callable obligations of the United States would be permitted or (B) a modification that would permit a principal prepayment instead of defeasance if the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan documents do not otherwise permit such principal prepayment; (xiii) any assumption of the Mortgage Loan or transfer of the Mortgaged Property, in each case, that the loan documents allow without the consent of the mortgagee but subject to satisfaction of conditions specified in the loan documents where no lender discretion is necessary in order to determine if such conditions are satisfied and (xiv) grant or agree to any other waiver, modification, amendment and/or consent that does not constitute a Major Decision; provided that (A) any such action would not in any way affect a payment term of the Certificates, (B) any such action would not constitute a “significant modification” of such Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan pursuant to Treasury regulations Section 1.860G-2(b) and would not otherwise cause either Trust REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC for federal income tax purposes (as evidenced by an opinion of counsel (at the issuing entity’s expense to the extent not reimbursed or paid by the related borrower), to the extent requesting such opinion is consistent with the Servicing Standard), (C) agreeing to such action would be consistent with the Servicing Standard, and (D) agreeing to such action would not violate

 

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the terms, provisions or limitations of the PSA or any Intercreditor Agreement; provided, further, that in the case of any Master Servicer Decision that requires the consent of the Directing Certificateholder, after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event but prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to consult with the master servicer on a non-binding basis (provided that if the Directing Certificateholder fails to respond to a request for consultation within 10 business days after receipt of such request for consultation from the Master Servicer, the Master Servicer will have no further obligation to consult with the Directing Certificateholder with respect to such Master Servicer Decision provided, however, that the failure of the Directing Certificateholder to respond will not relieve the master servicer from its obligation to consult with the Directing Certificateholder on any future matters). In the case of any Master Servicer Decision that requires the consent of the Directing Certificateholder, such consent will be deemed given if a response to the request for consent is not provided within 10 business days after receipt of the master servicer’s written recommendation and analysis and all information reasonably requested by the Directing Certificateholder, and reasonably available to the master servicer in order to grant or withhold such consent.

 

If, and only if, the special servicer determines that a modification, waiver or amendment (including the forgiveness or deferral of interest or principal or the substitution or release of collateral or the pledge of additional collateral) of the terms of a Specially Serviced Loan with respect to which a payment default or other material default has occurred or a payment default or other material default is, in the special servicer’s judgment, reasonably foreseeable, is reasonably likely to produce a greater (or equivalent) recovery on a net present value basis (the relevant discounting to be performed at the related Mortgage Rate) to the issuing entity and, if applicable, the holders of any applicable Companion Loan, than liquidation of such Specially Serviced Loan, then the special servicer may, but is not required to, agree to a modification, waiver or amendment of the Specially Serviced Loan, subject to (x) the restrictions and limitations described below, (y) with respect to any Major Decision, other than with respect to any Excluded Loan, and prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, the approval of the Directing Certificateholder (or after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, but prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event upon consultation with the Directing Certificateholder, as provided in the PSA and described in this prospectus, and (z) with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, the rights of the holder of the related Companion Loan, as applicable, to advise or consult with the special servicer with respect to, or consent to, such modification, waiver or amendment, in each case, pursuant to the terms of the related intercreditor agreement and, with respect to a Mortgage Loan that has mezzanine debt, the rights of the mezzanine lender to consent to such modification, waiver or amendment, in each case, pursuant to the terms of the related intercreditor agreement.

 

In connection with (i) the release of a Mortgaged Property (other than a Mortgaged Property securing a Non-Serviced Whole Loan) or any portion of such a Mortgaged Property from the lien of the related Mortgage or (ii) the taking of a Mortgaged Property (other than a Mortgaged Property securing a Non-Serviced Whole Loan) or any portion of such a Mortgaged Property by exercise of the power of eminent domain or condemnation, if the related Mortgage Loan documents require the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, to calculate (or to approve the calculation of the related borrower of) the loan-to-value ratio of the remaining Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties or the fair market value of the real property constituting the remaining Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties, for purposes of REMIC qualification of the related Mortgage Loan, then such calculation will, unless then permitted by the REMIC provisions, exclude the value

 

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of personal property and going concern value, if any, as determined by an appropriate third party.

 

The special servicer is required to use its reasonable efforts to the extent reasonably possible to fully amortize a modified Mortgage Loan prior to the Rated Final Distribution Date. The special servicer may not agree to a modification, waiver or amendment of any term of any Specially Serviced Loan if that modification, waiver or amendment would:

 

(1)       extend the maturity date of the Specially Serviced Loan to a date occurring later than the earlier of (A) 5 years prior to the Rated Final Distribution Date and (B) if the Specially Serviced Loan is secured solely or primarily by a leasehold estate and not the related fee interest, the date occurring 20 years or, to the extent consistent with the Servicing Standard giving due consideration to the remaining term of the ground lease and, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to any Mortgage Loan that is an Excluded Loan), 10 years, prior to the end of the current term of the ground lease, plus any options to extend exercisable unilaterally by the borrower; or

 

(2)       provide for the deferral of interest unless interest accrues on the Mortgage Loan or any Serviced Whole Loan, generally, at the related Mortgage Rate.

 

If the special servicer agrees to any modification, waiver or amendment of any term of any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), the special servicer will be required to notify the master servicer, the holder of any related Serviced Companion Loan (or, to the extent the related Serviced Companion Loan has been included in a securitization transaction, to the related Other Master Servicer), the related mortgage loan seller (so long as such mortgage loan seller is not the master servicer or sub-servicer of such Mortgage Loan or the Directing Certificateholder), the operating advisor (after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event), the certificate administrator, the trustee, the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to any Mortgage Loan that is an Excluded Loan, and unless a Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing), and the 17g-5 Information Provider, who will thereafter post any such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website. If the master servicer agrees to any modification, waiver or amendment of any term of any such Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan, the master servicer will be required to notify the certificate administrator, the trustee, the special servicer (and, unless a Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the special servicer will be required to forward any such notice to the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan as to such party)), the related mortgage loan seller (so long as such mortgage loan seller is not the master servicer or sub-servicer of such Mortgage Loan or the Directing Certificateholder), and the 17g-5 Information Provider, who will be required to thereafter post any such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website. The party providing notice will be required to deliver to the custodian for deposit in the related Mortgage File, an original counterpart of the agreement related to the modification, waiver or amendment, promptly following the execution of that agreement, and if required, a copy to the master servicer and to the holder of any related Serviced Companion Loan (or, to the extent the related Serviced Companion Loan has been included in a securitization transaction, to the master servicer of such securitization transaction), all as set forth in the PSA. Copies of each agreement whereby the modification, waiver or amendment of any term of any Mortgage Loan is effected are required to be available for review during normal business hours at the offices of the custodian. See “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”.

 

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The modification, waiver or amendment of a Serviced Whole Loan or a Mortgage Loan that has a related mezzanine loan will be subject to certain limitations set forth in the related intercreditor agreement. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Other Financings or Ability to Incur Other Indebtedness Entails Risk”.

 

Enforcement of “Due-on-Sale” and “Due-on-Encumbrance” Provisions

 

Other than with respect to an action that constitutes a Master Servicer Decision pursuant to clause (xiii) of the definition thereof, the special servicer will determine, in a manner consistent with the Servicing Standard, whether (a) to exercise any right it may have with respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan containing a “due-on-sale” clause (1) to accelerate the payments on that Mortgage Loan and any related Companion Loan, as applicable, or (2) to withhold its consent to any sale or transfer, consistent with the Servicing Standard or (b) to waive its right to exercise such rights; provided, however, that (i) the special servicer, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event and other than with respect to an Excluded Loan, has obtained the consent (or deemed consent) of the Directing Certificateholder (provided that such consent will be deemed given if a response to the request for consent is not provided within 10 business days after receipt of the special servicer’s written recommendation and analysis and all information reasonably requested by the Directing Certificateholder, and reasonably available to the special servicer in order to grant or withhold such consent) or, (y) after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, but prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event and other than with respect to an Excluded Loan, the special servicer has consulted with the Directing Certificateholder and (ii) with respect to any Mortgage Loan (either alone or, if applicable, with other related Mortgage Loans) that exceeds specified size thresholds (either actual or relative), or that fails to satisfy certain other applicable conditions imposed by the Rating Agencies, in each case as set forth in the PSA, a Rating Agency Confirmation is received by the special servicer from each Rating Agency and a confirmation of any applicable rating agency that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any class of securities backed, wholly or partially, by any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (if any).

 

With respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any related Serviced Companion Loan with a “due-on-encumbrance” clause (other than with respect to an action that constitutes a Master Servicer Decision pursuant to clause (xiii) of the definition thereof), the special servicer will determine, in a manner consistent with the Servicing Standard, whether (a) to exercise any right it may have with respect to a Mortgage Loan containing a “due-on-encumbrance” clause (1) to accelerate the payments thereon, or (2) to withhold its consent to the creation of any additional lien or other encumbrance, consistent with the Servicing Standard or (b) to waive its right to exercise such rights, provided, however, that (i) the special servicer, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event and other than with respect to an Excluded Loan and other than with respect to any waiver of a “due-on-encumbrance” clause, which such waiver constitutes a Master Servicer Decision pursuant to clause (xiii) of the definition thereof, has obtained the consent (or deemed consent) of the Directing Certificateholder (provided that such consent will be deemed given if a response to the request for consent is not provided within 10 business days after receipt of the special servicer’s written recommendation and analysis and all information reasonably requested by the Directing Certificateholder, and reasonably available to the special servicer in order to grant or withhold such consent) or, (y) after the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, but prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event and other than with respect to an Excluded Loan, the special servicer has

 

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consulted with the Directing Certificateholder, and (ii) with respect to any Mortgage Loan (either alone or, if applicable, with other related Mortgage Loans) that exceeds specified size thresholds (either actual or relative), or that fails to satisfy certain other applicable conditions imposed by the Rating Agencies, in each case as set forth in the PSA, the special servicer has received a Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency and a confirmation of any applicable rating agency that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any class of securities backed, wholly or partially, by any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (if any).

 

Upon receiving a request for any matter described in the first two paragraphs of this section that constitutes a consent or waiver with respect to a “due-on-sale” or “due-on-encumbrance” clause with respect to a Mortgage Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan and other than any transfers or assumptions provided for in clause (xiii) of the definition of “Master Servicer Decision” and other than any waiver of a “due-on-encumbrance” clause which waiver constitutes a Master Servicer Decision pursuant to clause (xiii) of the definition thereof, the master servicer will be required to promptly forward such request to the special servicer and the special servicer will be required to process such request (including, without limitation, interfacing with the borrower) and except as provided in the next sentence, the master servicer will have no further obligation with respect to such request or due-on-sale or due-on-encumbrance. The master servicer will continue to cooperate with the special servicer by delivering any additional information in the master servicer’s possession to the special servicer requested by the special servicer relating to such consent or waiver with respect to a “due-on-sale” or “due-on-encumbrance” clause. The master servicer will not be permitted to process any request relating to such consent or waiver with respect to a “due-on-sale” or “due-on-encumbrance” clause (other than any transfers or assumptions provided for in clause (xiii) of the definition of “Master Servicer Decision” and other than any waiver of a “due-on-encumbrance” clause which waiver constitutes a Master Servicer Decision pursuant to clause (xiii) of the definition thereof) and will not be required to interface with the borrower or provide a written recommendation and analysis with respect to any such request.

 

Any modification, extension, waiver or amendment of the payment terms of a Non-Serviced Whole Loan will be required to be structured so as to be consistent with the servicing standard under the related Non-Serviced PSA and the allocation and payment priorities in the related mortgage loan documents and the related Intercreditor Agreement, such that neither the issuing entity as holder of such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan nor any holder of any related Non-Serviced Companion Loan gains a priority over the other holder that is not reflected in the related mortgage loan documents and the related Intercreditor Agreement.

 

Inspections

 

The master servicer will be required to perform (at its own expense) or cause to be performed (at its own expense) physical inspections of each Mortgaged Property relating to a Mortgage Loan (other than a Mortgaged Property securing a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, which is subject to inspection pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA, a Specially Serviced Loan or an REO Loan) with a Stated Principal Balance of (A) $2,000,000 or more at least once every 12 months and (B) less than $2,000,000 at least once every 24 months, in each case commencing in the calendar year 2020 (and each Mortgaged Property is required to be inspected on or prior to December 31, 2021) unless a physical inspection has been performed by the special servicer within the previous 12 months; provided, further, however, that if any scheduled payment becomes more than 60 days delinquent on the related Mortgage Loan, the special servicer is required to inspect or cause to be inspected the related Mortgaged Property as soon as practicable after the Mortgage Loan becomes a

 

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Specially Serviced Loan or an REO Loan and annually thereafter for so long as the Mortgage Loan remains a Specially Serviced Loan or an REO Loan (the cost of which inspection, to the extent not paid by the related borrower, will be reimbursed first from default interest and late charges constituting additional compensation of the special servicer on the related Mortgage Loan (but with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, only amounts available for such purpose under the related Intercreditor Agreement) and then from the Collection Account as an expense of the issuing entity, and in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan, as an expense of the holders of the related Serviced Mortgage Loan and Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, pro rata and pari passu, to the extent provided in the related Intercreditor Agreement. The special servicer or master servicer, as applicable, will be required to prepare or cause to be prepared a written report of the inspection describing, among other things, the condition of and any damage to the Mortgaged Property to the extent evident from the inspection and specifying the existence of any vacancies at the Mortgaged Property of which the preparer of such report has knowledge and the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, deems material, of any sale, transfer or abandonment of the Mortgaged Property of which the preparer of such report has knowledge or that is evident from the inspection, of any adverse change in the condition of the Mortgaged Property of which the preparer of such report has knowledge or that is evident from the inspection, and that the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, deems material, or of any material waste committed on the Mortgaged Property to the extent evident from the inspection.

 

Copies of the inspection reports referred to above that are delivered to the certificate administrator will be posted to the certificate administrator’s website for review by Privileged Persons pursuant to the PSA. See “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”.

 

Collection of Operating Information

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), the special servicer or the master servicer, as applicable, will be required to use reasonable efforts to collect and review quarterly and annual operating statements, financial statements, budgets and rent rolls of the related Mortgaged Property commencing with the calendar quarter ending on March 31, 2019 and the calendar year ending on December 31, 2019. Most of the Mortgage Loan documents obligate the related borrower to deliver annual property operating statements. However, we cannot assure you that any operating statements required to be delivered will in fact be delivered, nor is the special servicer or the master servicer likely to have any practical means of compelling the delivery in the case of an otherwise performing Mortgage Loan. In addition, the special servicer will be required to cause quarterly and annual operating statements, budgets and rent rolls to be regularly prepared in respect of each REO Property and to collect all such items promptly following their preparation.

 

Special Servicing Transfer Event

 

The Mortgage Loans (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), any related Companion Loan and any related REO Properties will be serviced by the special servicer under the PSA in the event that the servicing responsibilities of the master servicer are transferred to the special servicer as described below. Such Mortgage Loans and related Companion Loan (including those loans that have become REO Properties) serviced by the special servicer are referred to in this prospectus collectively as the “Specially Serviced Loans“. The master servicer will be required to transfer its servicing responsibilities to the special servicer with respect to any Mortgage Loan (including any related Companion Loan) if:

 

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(1)       the related borrower fails to make when due any balloon payment, and the borrower has not delivered to the master servicer, on or before the date on which the subject payment was due, documentation (and the master servicer will be required to promptly forward such documentation to the Directing Certificateholder) reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the master servicer which provides that a refinancing of such Mortgage Loan or sale of the related Mortgaged Property will occur within 120 days after the date on which such balloon payment will become due (provided that if either such refinancing or sale does not occur before the expiration of the time period for refinancing or sale specified in such documentation or the master servicer is required during that time to make any P&I Advance in respect of the Mortgage Loan (or, in the case of any Serviced Whole Loan, in respect of the Mortgage Loan included in the same Whole Loan) at any time prior to such a refinancing or sale, a special servicing transfer event will occur immediately);

 

(2)       the related borrower fails to make when due any Periodic Payment (other than a balloon payment) or any other payment (other than a balloon payment) required under the related mortgage note or the related mortgage, which failure continues unremedied for 60 days;

 

(3)       the master servicer determines (in accordance with the Servicing Standard) or receives from the special servicer a written determination of the special servicer (which determination the special servicer is required to make in accordance with the Servicing Standard and (A) with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing or (B) if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, following consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), unless a Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) that a default in making any Periodic Payment (other than a balloon payment) or any other material payment (other than a balloon payment) required under the related mortgage note or the related mortgage is likely to occur in the foreseeable future, and such default is likely to remain unremedied for at least 60 days beyond the date on which the subject payment will become due; or the master servicer determines (in accordance with the Servicing Standard) or receives from the special servicer a written determination of the special servicer (which determination the special servicer is required to make in accordance with the Servicing Standard and (A) with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing or (B) if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, following consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), unless a Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) that a default in making a balloon payment is likely to occur in the foreseeable future, and such default is likely to remain unremedied for at least 60 days beyond the date on which such balloon payment will become due (or, if the borrower has delivered, on or prior to the date on which the balloon payment will become due, documentation reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the master servicer or the special servicer (and the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, will be required to promptly forward such documentation to the Directing Certificateholder) which provides that a refinancing of such Mortgage Loan or sale of the related Mortgaged Property will occur within 120 days after the date on which such balloon payment will become due, the master servicer determines (in accordance with the Servicing Standard) or receives from the special servicer a written determination of the special servicer (which determination the special servicer is required to make in

 

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accordance with the Servicing Standard and (A) with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing or (B) if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, following consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), unless a Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) that (a) the borrower is likely not to make one or more assumed Periodic Payments as described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances—P&I Advances” in this prospectus prior to such a refinancing or sale or (b) such refinancing or sale is not likely to occur within 120 days following the date on which the balloon payment will become due);

 

(4)       a default has occurred (including, in the master servicer’s or the special servicer’s judgment, the failure of the related borrower to maintain any insurance required to be maintained pursuant to the related Mortgage Loan documents, unless such default has been waived in accordance with the PSA) under the related Mortgage Loan documents, other than as described in clause (1) or (2) above, that may, in the good faith and reasonable judgment of the master servicer or the special servicer (and, in the case of the special servicer (A) with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing or (B) if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, following consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), unless a Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing), materially impair the value of the related Mortgaged Property as security for such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan or otherwise materially and adversely affect the interests of Certificateholders (or, in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan, the interests of any holder of a related Serviced Companion Loan), which default has continued unremedied for the applicable cure period under the terms of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan (or, if no cure period is specified, 60 days);

 

(5)       a decree or order of a court or agency or supervisory authority having jurisdiction in the premises in an involuntary case under any present or future federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law or the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings, or for the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, has been entered against the related borrower and such decree or order has remained in force undischarged or unstayed for a period of sixty (60) days;

 

(6)       the related borrower has consented to the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings of or relating to such borrower or of or relating to all or substantially all of its property;

 

(7)       the related borrower has admitted in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, filed a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency or reorganization statute, made an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or voluntarily suspended payment of its obligations;

 

(8)       the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, receives notice of the commencement of foreclosure or similar proceedings with respect to the corresponding Mortgaged Property; or

 

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(9)       the master servicer or the special servicer (and in the case of the special servicer, with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) determines that (i) a default (including, in the master servicer’s or the special servicer’s judgment, the failure of the related borrower to maintain any insurance required to be maintained pursuant to the related Mortgage Loan documents, unless such default has been waived in accordance with the PSA) under the Mortgage Loan documents (other than as described in clause 3 above) is imminent or reasonably foreseeable, (ii) such default will materially impair the value of the corresponding Mortgaged Property as security for the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (if any) or otherwise materially and adversely affect the interests of Certificateholders (or the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) and (iii) the default is likely to continue unremedied for the applicable cure period under the terms of the Mortgage Loan documents, or, if no cure period is specified and the default is capable of being cured, for 60 days.

 

However, the master servicer will be required to continue to (x) receive payments on the Mortgage Loans (and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) (including amounts collected by the special servicer), (y) make certain calculations with respect to the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan and (z) make remittances and prepare certain reports to the Certificateholders with respect to the Mortgage Loans and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan. Additionally, the master servicer will continue to receive the Servicing Fee in respect of the Mortgage Loans (and any related Serviced Companion Loan) at the Servicing Fee Rate.

 

If the related Mortgaged Property is acquired in respect of any Mortgage Loan (and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) (upon acquisition, an “REO Property“) whether through foreclosure, deed-in-lieu of foreclosure or otherwise, the special servicer will continue to be responsible for its operation and management. If any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan becomes specially serviced, then the related Mortgage Loan will also become a Specially Serviced Loan. If any Mortgage Loan becomes a Specially Serviced Loan, then the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan will also become a Specially Serviced Loan. Neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will have any responsibility for the performance by the other party of its duties under the PSA. Any Mortgage Loan (excluding any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) that is or becomes a cross-collateralized Mortgage Loan and is cross-collateralized with a Specially Serviced Loan will become a Specially Serviced Loan.

 

If any Specially Serviced Loan, in accordance with its original terms or as modified in accordance with the PSA, becomes performing for at least 3 consecutive Periodic Payments (provided that no additional event of default is foreseeable in the reasonable judgment of the special servicer and no other event or circumstance exists that causes such Mortgage Loan or related Companion Loan to otherwise constitute a Specially Serviced Loan), the special servicer will be required to transfer servicing of such Specially Serviced Loan (a “Corrected Loan“) to the master servicer.

 

Asset Status Report

 

The special servicer will be required to prepare a report (an “Asset Status Report“) for each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and, if applicable, any Serviced Whole Loan that becomes a Specially Serviced Loan not later than 60 days after the servicing of such Mortgage Loan is transferred to the special servicer (the “Initial Delivery Date“) and will be required to amend, update or create a new Asset Status Report to the extent that during the course of the resolution of such Specially Serviced Loan

 

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material changes in the circumstances and/or strategy reflected in any current Final Asset Status Report are necessary to reflect the then-current circumstances and recommendation as to how the Specially Serviced Loan might be returned to performing status or otherwise liquidated in accordance with the Servicing Standard (each such report a “Subsequent Asset Status Report“). Each Asset Status Report will be required to be delivered in electronic form to:

 

the Directing Certificateholder (but only with respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan and prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event);

 

with respect to any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan or, to the extent the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan has been included in a securitization transaction, the master servicer of such securitization into which the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan has been sold;

 

the operating advisor (but, other than with respect to an Excluded Loan, only after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event);

 

the master servicer; and

 

the 17g-5 Information Provider, which will be required to post such report to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website.

 

A summary of each Final Asset Status Report will be provided to the certificate administrator and the certificate administrator will be required to post the summary of the Final Asset Status Report to the certificate administrator’s website.

 

An Asset Status Report prepared for each Specially Serviced Loan will be required to include, among other things, the following information:

 

a summary of the status of such Specially Serviced Loan and any negotiations with the related borrower;

 

a discussion of the legal and environmental considerations reasonably known to the special servicer, consistent with the Servicing Standard, that are applicable to the exercise of remedies and to the enforcement of any related guaranties or other collateral for the related Specially Serviced Loan and whether outside legal counsel has been retained;

 

the most current rent roll and income or operating statement available for the related Mortgaged Property;

 

(A) the special servicer’s recommendations on how such Specially Serviced Loan might be returned to performing status (including the modification of a monetary term, and any workout, restructure or debt forgiveness) and returned to the master servicer for regular servicing or foreclosed or otherwise realized upon (including any proposed sale of a Defaulted Loan or REO Property), (B) a description of any such proposed or taken actions, and (C) the alternative courses of action that were or are being considered by the special servicer in connection with the proposed or taken actions;

 

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the status of any foreclosure actions or other proceedings undertaken with respect to the Specially Serviced Loan, any proposed workouts and the status of any negotiations with respect to such workouts, and an assessment of the likelihood of additional defaults under the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan;

 

a description of any amendment, modification or waiver of a material term of any ground lease (or any space lease or air rights lease, if applicable) or franchise agreement;

 

the decision that the special servicer made, or intends or proposes to make, including a narrative analysis setting forth the special servicer’s rationale for its proposed decision, including its rejection of the alternatives;

 

an analysis of whether or not taking such proposed action is reasonably likely to produce a greater recovery on a present value basis than not taking such action, setting forth (x) the basis on which the special servicer made such determination and (y) the net present value calculation and all related assumptions;

 

the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property (and a copy of the last obtained appraisal of such Mortgaged Property) together with a description of any adjustments to the valuation of such Mortgaged Property made by the special servicer together with an explanation of those adjustments; and

 

such other information as the special servicer deems relevant in light of the Servicing Standard.

 

With respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan, if no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will have the right to disapprove the Asset Status Report prepared by the special servicer with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan within 10 business days after receipt of the Asset Status Report. If the Directing Certificateholder does not disapprove an Asset Status Report within 10 business days or if the special servicer makes a determination, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, that the disapproval by the Directing Certificateholder (communicated to the special servicer within 10 business days) is not in the best interest of all the Certificateholders and the holder of any related Companion Loan, as a collective whole, the special servicer will be required to implement the recommended action as outlined in the Asset Status Report. If the Directing Certificateholder disapproves the Asset Status Report within the 10 business day period and the special servicer has not made the affirmative determination described above, the special servicer will be required to revise the Asset Status Report as soon as practicable thereafter, but in no event later than 30 days after the disapproval. The special servicer will be required to continue to revise the Asset Status Report until the Directing Certificateholder fails to disapprove the revised Asset Status Report or until the special servicer makes a determination, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, that the disapproval is not in the best interests of the Certificateholders and the holder of any related Companion Loan, as a collective whole; provided that, if the Directing Certificateholder has not approved the Asset Status Report for a period of 60 business days following the first submission of an Asset Status Report, the special servicer may act upon the direction of the Directing Certificateholder, if consistent with the Servicing Standard; provided, however, if the Directing Certificateholder’s direction would cause the special servicer to violate the Servicing Standard, the special servicer may act upon the most recently submitted form of Asset Status Report. The procedures described in this paragraph

 

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are collectively referred to as the “Directing Certificateholder Asset Status Report Approval Process”.

 

A “Final Asset Status Report“ means, with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan, the final iteration of the initial Asset Status Report (together with such other data or supporting information provided by the special servicer to the Directing Certificateholder that does not include any communication (other than the related Asset Status Report) between the special servicer and the Directing Certificateholder with respect to such Specially Serviced Loan) required to be delivered by the special servicer by the Initial Delivery Date and any Subsequent Asset Status Report, in each case, in the form fully approved or deemed approved, if applicable, by the Directing Certificateholder pursuant to the Directing Certificateholder Asset Status Report Approval Process or following completion of the ASR Consultation Process, as applicable. For the avoidance of doubt, the special servicer may issue more than one Final Asset Status Report with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan in accordance with the procedures described above. Each Final Asset Status Report will be labeled or otherwise communicated as being “final” by the special servicer.

 

Prior to the occurrence of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, the special servicer will be required to deliver each Final Asset Status Report to the operating advisor following completion of the Directing Certificateholder Asset Status Report Approval Process. See “—The Directing Certificateholder—Major Decisions—Control Termination Event, Consultation Termination Event and Operating Advisor Consultation Event” below for a discussion of the operating advisor’s ability to ask the special servicer reasonable questions with respect to such Final Asset Status Report.

 

If an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has occurred and is continuing, the special servicer will be required to promptly deliver each Asset Status Report prepared in connection with a Specially Serviced Loan to the operating advisor (and, for so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred, the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan)). The operating advisor will be required to provide comments to the special servicer in respect of the Asset Status Report, if any, within 10 business days following the later of receipt of (i) such Asset Status Report or (ii) such related additional information reasonably requested by the operating advisor, and propose possible alternative courses of action to the extent it determines such alternatives to be in the best interest of the Certificateholders (including any Certificateholders that are holders of the Control Eligible Certificates), as a collective whole. The special servicer will be obligated to consider such alternative courses of action and any other feedback provided by the operating advisor (and, so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred, the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan)) in connection with the special servicer’s preparation of any Asset Status Report. The special servicer may revise the Asset Status Report as it deems necessary to take into account any input and/or comments from the operating advisor (and, so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred, the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan)), to the extent the special servicer determines that the operating advisor’s and/or Directing Certificateholder’s input and/or recommendations are consistent with the Servicing Standard and in the best interest of the Certificateholders as a collective whole (or, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, the best interest of the Certificateholders and the holders of the related Companion Loan, as a collective whole (taking into account the pari passu nature of any Pari Passu Companion Loans)).

 

Promptly upon determining whether or not to revise any Asset Status Report to take into account any input and/or comments from the operating advisor or the Directing Certificateholder, the special servicer will be required to revise the Asset Status Report, if

 

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applicable, and deliver to the operating advisor and the Directing Certificateholder the revised Asset Status Report (until a Final Asset Status Report is issued).

 

The special servicer will not be required to take or to refrain from taking any action because of an objection or comment by the operating advisor or a recommendation of the operating advisor. The procedures described in this and the foregoing two paragraphs are collectively referred to as the “ASR Consultation Process”. For additional information, see “—The Operating Advisor—Additional Duties of the Operating Advisor While an Operating Advisor Consultation Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing”.

 

After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event but prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, each of the Directing Certificateholder (other than with respect to an Excluded Loan) and the operating advisor will be entitled to consult with the special servicer and propose alternative courses of action and provide other feedback in respect of any Asset Status Report. After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder will have no right to consult with the special servicer with respect to Asset Status Reports and the special servicer will only be obligated to consult with the operating advisor with respect to any Asset Status Report as described above. The special servicer may choose to revise the Asset Status Report as it deems reasonably necessary in accordance with the Servicing Standard to take into account any input and/or recommendations of the operating advisor or the Directing Certificateholder during the applicable periods described above, but is under no obligation to follow any particular recommendation of the operating advisor or the Directing Certificateholder.

 

With respect to each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the related Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder will have approval and consultation rights with respect to any asset status report prepared by the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer with respect to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan that are substantially similar, but not identical, to the approval and consultation rights of the Directing Certificateholder with respect to the Mortgage Loans and the Serviced Whole Loans. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans”. See also “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans” below.

 

Realization Upon Mortgage Loans

 

If a payment default or material non-monetary default on a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) has occurred, then, pursuant to the PSA, the special servicer, on behalf of the trustee, may, in accordance with the terms and provisions of the PSA, at any time institute foreclosure proceedings, exercise any power of sale contained in the related Mortgage, obtain a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, or otherwise acquire title to the related Mortgaged Property, by operation of law or otherwise. The special servicer is not permitted, however, to cause the trustee to acquire title to any Mortgaged Property, have a receiver of rents appointed with respect to any Mortgaged Property or take any other action with respect to any Mortgaged Property that would cause the trustee, for the benefit of the Certificateholders, or any other specified person to be considered to hold title to, to be a “mortgagee-in-possession” of, or to be an “owner” or an “operator” of such Mortgaged Property within the meaning of certain federal environmental laws, unless the special servicer has determined in accordance with the Servicing Standard, based on an updated environmental assessment report prepared by a person who regularly conducts environmental audits and performed within six months prior to any such acquisition of title or other action (which report will be an expense of the issuing entity subject to the terms of the PSA) that:

 

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(a)       such Mortgaged Property is in compliance with applicable environmental laws or, if not, after consultation with an environmental consultant, that it would be in the best economic interest of the Certificateholders (and with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, the related Companion Holders), as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and, if applicable, Companion Holders constituted a single lender, to take such actions as are necessary to bring such Mortgaged Property in compliance with such laws, and

 

(b)       there are no circumstances present at such Mortgaged Property relating to the use, management or disposal of any hazardous materials for which investigation, testing, monitoring, containment, clean-up or remediation could be required under any currently effective federal, state or local law or regulation, or that, if any such hazardous materials are present for which such action could be required, after consultation with an environmental consultant, it would be in the best economic interest of the Certificateholders (and with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, the related Companion Holders), as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and, if applicable, Companion Holders constituted a single lender, to take such actions with respect to the affected Mortgaged Property.

 

Such requirement precludes enforcement of the security for the related Mortgage Loan until a satisfactory environmental site assessment is obtained (or until any required remedial action is taken), but will decrease the likelihood that the issuing entity will become liable for a material adverse environmental condition at the Mortgaged Property. However, we cannot assure you that the requirements of the PSA will effectively insulate the issuing entity from potential liability for a materially adverse environmental condition at any Mortgaged Property.

 

If title to any Mortgaged Property is acquired by the issuing entity (directly or through a single member limited liability company established for that purpose), the special servicer will be required to sell the Mortgaged Property prior to the close of the third calendar year beginning after the year of acquisition, unless (1) the IRS grants (or has not denied) a qualifying extension of time to sell the Mortgaged Property or (2) the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the trustee receive an opinion of independent counsel to the effect that the holding of the Mortgaged Property by the Lower-Tier REMIC longer than the above-referenced 3 year period will not result in the imposition of a tax on any Trust REMIC or cause any Trust REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC under the Code at any time that any certificate is outstanding. Subject to the foregoing and any other tax-related limitations, pursuant to the PSA, the special servicer will generally be required to attempt to sell any Mortgaged Property so acquired in accordance with the Servicing Standard. The special servicer will also be required to cause any Mortgaged Property acquired by the issuing entity to be administered so that it constitutes “foreclosure property” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(8) at all times, and that the sale of the Mortgaged Property does not result in the receipt by the issuing entity of any income from nonpermitted assets as described in Code Section 860F(a)(2)(B). If any Lower-Tier REMIC acquires title to any Mortgaged Property, the special servicer, on behalf of such Lower-Tier REMIC, will retain, at the expense of the issuing entity, an independent contractor to manage and operate the property. The independent contractor generally will be permitted to perform construction (including renovation) on a foreclosed property only if the construction was more than 10% completed at the time default on the related Mortgage Loan became imminent. The retention of an independent contractor, however, will not relieve the special servicer of its obligation to manage the Mortgaged Property as required under the PSA.

 

In general, the special servicer will be obligated to cause any Mortgaged Property acquired as an REO Property to be operated and managed in a manner that would, in its

 

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reasonable judgment and in accordance with the Servicing Standard, maximize the issuing entity’s net after-tax proceeds from such property. Generally, no Trust REMIC will be taxable on income received with respect to a Mortgaged Property acquired by the issuing entity to the extent that it constitutes “rents from real property”, within the meaning of Code Section 856(c)(3)(A) and Treasury regulations under the Code. Rents from real property include fixed rents and rents based on the gross receipts or sales of a tenant but do not include the portion of any rental based on the net income or profit of any tenant or sub-tenant. No determination has been made whether rent on any of the Mortgaged Properties meets this requirement. Rents from real property include charges for services customarily furnished or rendered in connection with the rental of real property, whether or not the charges are separately stated. Services furnished to the tenants of a particular building will be considered as customary if, in the geographic market in which the building is located, tenants in buildings which are of similar class are customarily provided with the service. No determination has been made whether the services furnished to the tenants of the Mortgaged Properties are “customary” within the meaning of applicable regulations. It is therefore possible that a portion of the rental income with respect to a Mortgaged Property owned by the issuing entity would not constitute rents from real property. In addition, it is possible that none of the income with respect to a Mortgaged Property would qualify if a separate charge is not stated for non-customary services provided to tenants or if such services are not performed by an independent contractor. Rents from real property also do not include income from the operation of a trade or business on the Mortgaged Property, such as a hotel property, or rental income attributable to personal property leased in connection with a lease of real property if the rent attributable to personal property exceeds 15% of the total net rent for the taxable year. Any of the foregoing types of income may instead constitute “net income from foreclosure property”, which would be taxable to a REMIC at the federal corporate rate (currently 21%) and may also be subject to state or local taxes. The PSA provides that the special servicer will be permitted to cause the Lower-Tier REMIC to earn “net income from foreclosure property” that is subject to tax if it determines that the net after-tax benefit to Certificateholders is greater than another method of operating or net leasing the Mortgaged Property. Because these sources of income, if they exist, are already in place with respect to the Mortgaged Properties, it is generally viewed as beneficial to Certificateholders to permit the issuing entity to continue to earn them if it acquires a Mortgaged Property, even at the cost of this tax. These taxes would be chargeable against the related income for purposes of determining the proceeds available for distribution to holders of certificates. See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxes That May Be Imposed on a REMIC—Prohibited Transactions”.

 

Under the PSA, the special servicer is required to establish and maintain one or more REO Accounts, to be held on behalf of the trustee for the benefit of the Certificateholders, and with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, the related Companion Holder, for the retention of revenues and insurance proceeds derived from each REO Property. The special servicer is required to use the funds in the applicable REO Account to pay for the proper operation, management, maintenance and disposition of any REO Property for which it is acting as special servicer, but only to the extent that amounts on deposit in the applicable REO Account relate to such REO Property. To the extent that amounts in the applicable REO Account in respect of any REO Property are insufficient to make such payments, the master servicer is required to make a Servicing Advance, unless it determines such Servicing Advance would be nonrecoverable. On the later of (x) the date that is on or prior to each Determination Date or (y) two (2) business days after such amounts are received and properly identified and determined to be available, the special servicer is required to deposit (or remit to the master servicer for it to deposit) all amounts received in respect of each REO Property during the most recently ended Collection Period, net of any amounts

 

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withdrawn to make any permitted disbursements, into the Collection Account; provided that the special servicer may retain in the applicable REO Account permitted reserves.

 

Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties

 

If the special servicer determines in accordance with the Servicing Standard that no satisfactory arrangements (including by way of discounted payoff) can be made for collection of delinquent payments on a Defaulted Loan (as defined below) and a sale of such Defaulted Loan would be in the best economic interests of the Certificateholders or, in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan, Certificateholders and any Companion Holder (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Holder constituted a single lender) and the special servicer attempts to sell such Defaulted Loan and any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan as described below, the special servicer will be required to use reasonable efforts to solicit offers for such Defaulted Loan on behalf of the Certificateholders and the holder of any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan in such manner as will be reasonably likely to maximize the value of the Defaulted Loan on a net present value basis. In the event that any Non-Serviced Special Servicer fails to comply with the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement requiring the sale of the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan with each related Companion Loan, as a collective whole, under certain limited circumstances to the extent permitted under the related Intercreditor Agreement, the special servicer will be entitled to sell (with respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan, with the consent of the Directing Certificateholder if no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan if it determines in accordance with the Servicing Standard that such action would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders and, subject to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement (and provided that the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will not be entitled to a liquidation fee with respect to liquidation of such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), the special servicer will be entitled to the liquidation fee that the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer would have otherwise been entitled to in connection with the sale of such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan. In the absence of a cash offer at least equal to its outstanding principal balance plus all accrued and unpaid interest and outstanding costs and expenses and certain other amounts under the PSA (a “Par Purchase Price“), the special servicer may purchase the Defaulted Loan for the Par Purchase Price or may accept the first cash offer received from any person that constitutes a fair price for the Defaulted Loan. If multiple offers are received during the period designated by the special servicer for receipt of offers, the special servicer is generally required to select the highest offer. The special servicer is required to give the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the operating advisor and (other than in respect of any Excluded Loan) the Directing Certificateholder not less than 10 business days’ prior written notice of its intention to sell any such Defaulted Loan. Neither the trustee nor any of its affiliates may make an offer for or purchase any Defaulted Loan. “Defaulted Loan“ means a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan (i) that is delinquent at least 60 days in respect of its Periodic Payments (other than a balloon payment) or delinquent in respect of its balloon payment, if any; provided that in respect of a balloon payment, if the related borrower has provided documentation reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable (and the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, will be required to promptly forward such documentation to the Directing Certificateholder), which provides that a refinancing of such Mortgage Loan or sale of the related Mortgaged Property will occur within 120 days after the date on which such balloon payment will become due, then such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan will not be considered a Defaulted Loan unless and until such balloon payment is delinquent at least one hundred twenty (120) days; and, in any case, such delinquency is to be determined without giving effect to any grace period permitted by the related Mortgage or Mortgage Note and without

 

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regard to any acceleration of payments under the related Mortgage and Mortgage Note or (ii) as to which the special servicer has, by written notice to the related borrower, accelerated the maturity of the indebtedness evidenced by the related Mortgage Note.

 

The special servicer will be required to determine whether any cash offer constitutes a fair price for any Defaulted Loan if the highest offeror is a person other than an Interested Person. In determining whether any offer from a person other than an Interested Person constitutes a fair price for any Defaulted Loan, the special servicer will be required to take into account (in addition to the results of any appraisal, updated appraisal or narrative appraisal that it may have obtained pursuant to the PSA within the prior 9 months), among other factors, the period and amount of the occupancy level and physical condition of the related Mortgaged Property and the state of the local economy.

 

If the offeror is an Interested Person (provided that the trustee may not be a offeror), then the trustee will be required to determine whether the cash offer constitutes a fair price unless (i) the offer is equal to or greater than the applicable Par Purchase Price and (ii) the offer is the highest offer received. Absent an offer at least equal to the Par Purchase Price, no offer from an Interested Person will constitute a fair price unless (A) it is the highest offer received and (B) at least two other offers are received from independent third parties. In determining whether any offer received from an Interested Person represents a fair price for any such Defaulted Loan, the trustee will be supplied with and will be required to rely on the most recent appraisal or updated appraisal conducted in accordance with the PSA within the preceding 9-month period or, in the absence of any such appraisal, on a new appraisal. Except as provided in the following paragraph, the cost of any appraisal will be covered by, and will be reimbursable as, a Servicing Advance by the master servicer.

 

Notwithstanding anything contained in the preceding paragraph to the contrary, if the trustee is required to determine whether a cash offer by an Interested Person constitutes a fair price, the trustee will be required to (at the expense of the Interested Person) designate an independent third party expert in real estate or commercial mortgage loan matters with at least 5 years’ experience in valuing loans similar to the subject Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, as the case may be, that has been selected with reasonable care by the trustee to determine if such cash offer constitutes a fair price for such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan. If the trustee designates such a third party to make such determination, the trustee will be entitled to rely conclusively upon such third party’s determination. The reasonable fees of, and the costs of all appraisals, inspection reports and broker opinions of value incurred by any such third party pursuant to this paragraph will be covered by, and will be reimbursable by, the Interested Person, and to the extent not collected from such Interested Person within 30 days of request therefor, by the master servicer as a Servicing Advance; provided that the trustee will not engage a third party expert whose fees exceed a commercially reasonable amount as determined by the trustee.

 

The special servicer is required to use reasonable efforts to solicit offers for each REO Property on behalf of the Certificateholders and the related Companion Holder(s) (if applicable) and to sell each REO Property in the same manner as with respect to a Defaulted Loan.

 

Notwithstanding any of the foregoing paragraphs, the special servicer will not be required to accept the highest cash offer for a Defaulted Loan or REO Property if the special servicer determines in consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (unless a Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing and other than with respect to any Excluded Loan), in accordance with the Servicing Standard (and subject to the

 

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requirements of any related Intercreditor Agreement), that rejection of such offer would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders and, in the case of a sale of a Serviced Whole Loan or an REO Property related to a Serviced Whole Loan, the related Companion Holder(s) (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and, if applicable, the related Companion Holder(s) constituted a single lender). In addition, the special servicer may accept a lower offer (from any person other than itself or an affiliate) if it determines, in its reasonable judgment consistent with the Servicing Standard, that acceptance of such offer would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders and, in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan or an REO Property related to a Serviced Whole Loan, the related Companion Holder(s) (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and, if applicable, the related Companion Holder(s) constituted a single lender). The special servicer will be required to use reasonable efforts to sell all Defaulted Loans prior to the Rated Final Distribution Date.

 

An “Interested Person“, as of the date of any determination, is the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the Directing Certificateholder, any sponsor, any Borrower Party, any independent contractor engaged by the special servicer or any known affiliate of any of the preceding entities, and, with respect to a Whole Loan if it is a Defaulted Loan, the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer (or any independent contractor engaged by the special servicer), or the trustee for the securitization of a Companion Loan, and each related Companion Holder or its representative, any holder of a related mezzanine loan, or any known affiliate of any such party described above.

 

With respect to any Serviced Whole Loan, pursuant to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement(s), if such Serviced Whole Loan becomes a Defaulted Loan, and if the special servicer determines to sell the related Mortgage Loan in accordance with the discussion in this “—Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties” section, then the special servicer will be required to sell each related Companion Loan together with such Mortgage Loan as one whole loan and will be required to require that all offers be submitted to the special servicer in writing. The special servicer will not be permitted to sell the related Mortgage Loan together with each related Pari Passu Companion Loan if such Serviced Whole Loan becomes a Defaulted Loan without the consent of the holder(s) of the related Pari Passu Companion Loan(s), unless the special servicer complies with certain notice and delivery requirements set forth in the PSA and any related Intercreditor Agreement. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced Whole Loans”.

 

In addition, with respect to each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, if such Mortgage Loan has become a defaulted loan under the related Non-Serviced PSA, and the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer decides to sell the related Companion Loan contributed to the non-serviced securitization trust, such Non-Serviced Special Servicer will generally be required to sell such Mortgage Loan together with the related Companion Loan(s) as notes evidencing one whole loan. The issuing entity, as the holder of such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, will have the right to consent to such sale, provided that the Non-Serviced Special Servicer may sell the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan without such consent if the required notices and information regarding such sale are provided to the issuing entity in accordance with the related Intercreditor Agreement. The Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to exercise such consent right so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, and if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the operating advisor will be entitled to exercise such consent rights. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans”.

 

To the extent that Liquidation Proceeds collected with respect to any Mortgage Loan are less than the sum of (1) the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan,

 

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(2) interest accrued on the Mortgage Loan and (3) the aggregate amount of outstanding reimbursable expenses (including any (i) unpaid servicing compensation, (ii) unreimbursed Servicing Advances, (iii) accrued and unpaid interest on all Advances and (iv) additional expenses of the issuing entity) incurred with respect to the Mortgage Loan, the issuing entity will realize a loss in the amount of the shortfall. The trustee, the master servicer and/or the special servicer will be entitled to reimbursement out of the Liquidation Proceeds recovered on any Mortgage Loan, prior to the distribution of those Liquidation Proceeds to Certificateholders, of any and all amounts that represent unpaid servicing compensation in respect of the related Mortgage Loan, certain unreimbursed expenses incurred with respect to the Mortgage Loan and any unreimbursed Advances (including interest on Advances) made with respect to the Mortgage Loan. In addition, amounts otherwise distributable on the certificates will be further reduced by interest payable to the master servicer, the special servicer or trustee on these Advances.

 

The Directing Certificateholder

 

General

 

Subject to the rights of the holder of any related Companion Loan under the related Intercreditor Agreements as described under “—Rights of the Directing Certificateholder with respect to Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans” below, for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to advise (1) the special servicer, with respect to all Major Decisions for Specially Serviced Loans (other than any Excluded Loan), and will have the right to replace the special servicer with or without cause and have certain other rights under the PSA, each as described below, (2) the special servicer, with respect to all non-Specially Serviced Loans (other than any Excluded Loan), as to all Major Decisions and (3) the master servicer to the extent the Directing Certificateholder’s consent is required by the definition of “Master Servicer Decision”. With respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder will have certain consultation rights only, and upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholders will not have any consent or consultation rights, as further described below.

 

The “Directing Certificateholder“ will be, with respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than any Excluded Loan), the Controlling Class Certificateholder (or its representative) selected by more than 50% of the Controlling Class Certificateholders, by Certificate Balance, as determined by the certificate registrar from time to time; provided, however, that (1) absent that selection, or (2) until a Directing Certificateholder is so selected, or (3) upon receipt of a notice from a majority of the Controlling Class Certificateholders, by Certificate Balance, that a Directing Certificateholder is no longer designated, the Controlling Class Certificateholder that owns the largest aggregate Certificate Balance of the Controlling Class (or its representative) will be the Directing Certificateholder, provided, however, that (i) in the case of this clause (3), in the event no one holder owns the largest aggregate Certificate Balance of the Controlling Class, then there will be no Directing Certificateholder until appointed in accordance with the terms of the PSA, and (ii) the certificate administrator and the other parties to the PSA will be entitled to assume that the identity of the Directing Certificateholder has not changed until such parties receive written notice of a replacement of the Directing Certificateholder from a party holding the requisite interest in the Controlling Class (as confirmed by the certificate registrar), or the resignation of the then-current Directing Certificateholder.

 

The initial Directing Certificateholder with respect to each Mortgage Loan is expected to be Argentic Securities Income USA LLC or an affiliate thereof.

 

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A “Controlling Class Certificateholder“ is each holder (or Certificate Owner, if applicable) of a certificate of the Controlling Class as determined by the certificate registrar from time to time, upon request by any party to the PSA.

 

The “Controlling Class“ will be, as of any time of determination, the most subordinate class of Control Eligible Certificates then outstanding that has an aggregate Certificate Balance (as notionally reduced by any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts allocable to such class) at least equal to 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of that class; provided, however, that if at any time the Certificate Balances of the certificates other than the Control Eligible Certificates have been reduced to zero as a result of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans, then the Controlling Class will be the most subordinate class of Control Eligible Certificates that has a Certificate Balance greater than zero without regard to any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts. The Controlling Class as of the Closing Date will be the Class H-RR certificates.

 

The “Control Eligible Certificates“ will be any of the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates.

 

The master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor, the certificate administrator, the trustee or any certificateholder may request that the certificate registrar determine which class of certificates is the then-current Controlling Class and the certificate registrar must thereafter provide such information to the requesting party. The depositor, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor and, for so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder, may request that the certificate administrator provide, and the certificate administrator must so provide, a list of the holders (or Certificate Owners, if applicable) of the Controlling Class at the expense of the issuing entity. The trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer and the operating advisor may each rely on any such list so provided.

 

In the event that no Directing Certificateholder has been appointed or identified to the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, and the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, has attempted to obtain such information from the certificate administrator and no such entity has been identified to the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, then until such time as the new Directing Certificateholder is identified to the master servicer and special servicer, the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, will have no duty to consult with, provide notice to, or seek the approval or consent of any such Directing Certificateholder as the case may be.

 

Major Decisions

 

Except as otherwise described under “—Control Termination Event, Operating Advisor Consultation Event and Consultation Termination Event” and “—Servicing Override” below and subject to the rights of the holder of the related Companion Loan under the related Intercreditor Agreement as described under “—Rights of the Directing Certificateholder with respect to Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans” below, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, the special servicer will only be permitted to take any of the following actions as to which the Directing Certificateholder has consented in writing within 10 business days after receipt of the special servicer’s written recommendation, which may be in the form of an Asset Status Report, and analysis and all information reasonably requested by the Directing Certificateholder, and reasonably available to the special servicer in order to grant or withhold such consent (the “Major Decision Reporting Package), provided that if such written consent has not been received by the special servicer within such 10 business day period, the Directing Certificateholder

 

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will be deemed to have approved such action); provided that the foregoing consent rights of the Directing Certificateholder will not apply to any Excluded Loan.

 

Each of the following is a “Major Decision“:

 

(i)       any proposed or actual foreclosure upon or comparable conversion (which may include acquisition of an REO Property) of the ownership of properties securing any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and Serviced Companion Loan that comes into and continues in default;

 

(ii)       any modification, consent to a modification or waiver of any monetary term (other than late fees and default interest) or material non-monetary term (including, without limitation, the timing of payments and acceptance of discounted payoffs) of a Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan or any extension of the maturity date of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan other than in connection with a maturity default if a refinancing or sale is expected within 120 days as provided in clause (ix) of the definition of Master Servicer Decision;

 

(iii)       following a default or an event of default with respect to a Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, any exercise of remedies, including the acceleration of the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan or initiation of any proceedings, judicial or otherwise, under the related Mortgage Loan documents;

 

(iv)       any sale of a Defaulted Loan and any related defaulted Companion Loan, or any REO Property (other than in connection with the termination of the issuing entity as described under “—Termination; Retirement of Certificates”), in each case, for less than the applicable Purchase Price;

 

(v)       any determination to bring a Mortgaged Property or an REO Property into compliance with applicable environmental laws or to otherwise address hazardous material located at a Mortgaged Property or an REO Property;

 

(vi)       any release of collateral or any acceptance of substitute or additional collateral for a Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan or any consent to either of the foregoing, other than if (i) required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents or (ii) a release of a non-material, non-income producing parcel as described under clause (ii) or clause (v) of the definition of “Master Servicer Decision”;

 

(vii)       any waiver of a “due-on-sale” or “due-on-encumbrance” clause with respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or a Serviced Whole Loan or any consent to such a waiver or consent to a transfer of the Mortgaged Property or interests in the borrower or consent to the incurrence of additional debt, other than any such transfer or incurrence of debt as described under clause (xiii) of the definition of “Master Servicer Decision” or, solely with regard to Specially Serviced Loans, as may be effected (I) without the consent of the lender under the related loan agreement, (II) pursuant to the specific terms of such Mortgage Loan and (III) for which there is no lender discretion;

 

(viii)       any consent to a property management company change with respect to a Mortgage Loan for which the proposed replacement property manager is a Borrower Party, including, without limitation, approval of the termination of a manager and appointment of a new property manager;

 

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(ix)       any franchise changes with respect to a Mortgage Loan for which the lender is required to consent or approve such changes under the related Mortgage Loan documents;

 

(x)       other than in the case of any non-Specially Serviced Loan, releases of any material amounts from any escrow accounts, reserve funds or letters of credit, in each case, held as performance escrows or reserves, other than those required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents and for which there is no lender discretion;

 

(xi)       any acceptance of an assumption agreement or any other agreement permitting a transfer of interests in a borrower or guarantor releasing a borrower or guarantor from liability under a Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan other than pursuant to the specific terms of such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and for which there is no lender discretion;

 

(xii)       other than in the case of a non-Specially Serviced Loan or a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, any modification, amendment, consent to a modification or waiver of any material term of any intercreditor, co-lender or similar agreement with any mezzanine lender, subordinate debt holder or Pari Passu Companion Loan holder related to a Mortgage Loan or Whole Loan (except any modification, amendment, consent to a modification or waiver of any term of any Intercreditor Agreement or any intercreditor, co-lender or similar agreement with any mezzanine lender or subordinate debt holder to split or resize notes consistent with the terms of such Intercreditor Agreement or such intercreditor, co-lender or similar agreement), or any action to enforce rights (or decision not to enforce rights) with respect thereto; provided, however, that any such modification or amendment that would adversely impact the master servicer will additionally require the consent of the master servicer as a condition to its effectiveness;

 

(xiii)       any consent to incurrence of additional debt by a borrower or mezzanine debt by a direct or indirect parent of a borrower;

 

(xiv)       agreeing to any modification, waiver, consent or amendment of the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan in connection with a defeasance if such proposed modification, waiver, consent or amendment is with respect to (A) a modification of the type of defeasance collateral required under the Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan documents such that defeasance collateral other than direct, non-callable obligations of the United States would be permitted or (B) a modification that would permit a principal prepayment instead of defeasance if the applicable loan documents do not otherwise permit such principal prepayment;

 

(xv)       determining whether to cure any default by a borrower under a ground lease or permit any ground lease modification, waiver, amendment or subordination, non-disturbance and attornment agreement or entry into a new ground lease;

 

(xvi)       other than in the case of any non-Specially Serviced Loan, and other than with respect to a ground lease (addressed in clause (xv) above), any modification, waiver or amendment of any lease, the execution of a new lease or the granting of a subordination, non-disturbance and attornment agreement in connection with any lease at a Mortgaged Property or REO Property, if the lease affects an area greater than or equal to 30% of the net rentable area of the improvements at the Mortgaged Property;

 

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(xvii)       other than in the case of any non-Specially Serviced Loan, approval of any waiver regarding the receipt of financial statements (other than immaterial timing waivers including late financial statements which in no event relieve any borrower of the obligation to provide financial statements on at least a quarterly basis) following three consecutive late deliveries of financial statements;

 

(xviii)       other than in the case of a non-Specially Serviced Loan, any approval of or consent to a grant of an easement or right of way that materially affects the use or value of a Mortgaged Property or a borrower’s ability to make payments with respect to the related Mortgage Loan or any related Companion Loan or subordination of the lien of the Mortgage Loan to such easement or right of way; and

 

(xix)       other than in the case of any non-Specially Serviced Loan, any determination of an Acceptable Insurance Default.

 

Subject to the terms and conditions of this section, the special servicer will be required to process all requests for any matter that constitutes a “Major Decision” with respect to all Mortgage Loans (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans) and Serviced Companion Loans. Further, upon receiving a request for any matter described in this section that constitutes a Major Decision with respect to a Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) and any Serviced Companion Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Loan, the master servicer will be required to promptly forward such request to the special servicer and the special servicer will be required to process such request (including, without limitation, interfacing with the borrower) and except as provided in the next sentence, the master servicer will have no further obligation with respect to such request or the Major Decision. With respect to such request, the master servicer will continue to cooperate with the special servicer by delivering any additional information in the master servicer’s possession to the special servicer requested by the special servicer relating to such Major Decision. The master servicer will not be permitted to process any Major Decision and will not be required to interface with the borrower or provide a written recommendation and analysis with respect to any Major Decision.

 

Asset Status Report

 

With respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan, so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will have the right to disapprove the Asset Status Report prepared by the special servicer with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan. If a Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will have no right to consult with the special servicer with respect to the Asset Status Reports. See “—Asset Status Report” above.

 

Replacement of the Special Servicer

 

With respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan, so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will have the right to replace the special servicer with or without cause as described under “—Replacement of the Special Servicer Without Cause” and “—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events” below.

 

Control Termination Event, Operating Advisor Consultation Event and Consultation Termination Event

 

With respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan or an Excluded Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan, if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is

 

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continuing, but for so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the special servicer will not be required to obtain the consent of the Directing Certificateholder with respect to any of the Major Decisions or Asset Status Reports, but will be required to consult with the Directing Certificateholder in connection with any Major Decision or Asset Status Report (or any other matter for which the consent of the Directing Certificateholder would have been required or for which the Directing Certificateholder would have the right to direct the special servicer if no Control Termination Event had occurred and was continuing) and to consider alternative actions recommended by the Directing Certificateholder in respect of such Major Decision or Asset Status Report (or such other matter). Such consultation will not be binding on the special servicer. In the event the special servicer receives no response from the Directing Certificateholder within 10 business days following its written request for input on any required consultation, the special servicer will not be obligated to consult with the Directing Certificateholder on the specific matter; provided, however, that the failure of the Directing Certificateholder to respond will not relieve the special servicer from consulting with the Directing Certificateholder on any future matters with respect to the related Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan or an Excluded Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan. The special servicer will be required to provide each Major Decision Reporting Package to the operating advisor (a) prior to the occurrence of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, promptly after the special servicer receives the Directing Certificateholder’s approval or deemed approval with respect to such Major Decision or (b) following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, simultaneously upon providing such Major Decision Reporting Package to the Directing Certificateholder; provided, however, that with respect to any non-Specially Serviced Loan no Major Decision Reporting Package will be required to be delivered (and the Special Servicer will use reasonable efforts not to deliver such Major Decision Reporting Package) prior to the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event. With respect to any particular Major Decision and/or related Major Decision Reporting Package or any Asset Status Report required to be delivered by the special servicer to the operating advisor, the special servicer will be required to make available to the operating advisor a servicing officer with the relevant knowledge regarding any Mortgage Loan and such Major Decision and/or Asset Status Report in order to address reasonable questions that the operating advisor may have relating to, among other things, such Major Decision and/or Asset Status Report and potential conflicts of interest with respect to such Major Decision and/or Asset Status Report.

 

In addition, if an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has occurred and is continuing, the special servicer will also be required to deliver a Major Decision Reporting Package to the operating advisor and consult with the operating advisor in connection with any Major Decision (and such other matters that are subject to consultation rights of the operating advisor pursuant to the PSA) and to consider alternative actions recommended by the operating advisor in respect of such Major Decision; provided that such consultation is on a non-binding basis. In the event the special servicer receives no response from the operating advisor within 10 business days following the later of (i) its written request for input (which request is required to include the related Major Decision Reporting Package) on any required consultation and (ii) delivery of all such additional information reasonably requested by the operating advisor related to the subject matter of such consultation, the special servicer will not be obligated to consult with the operating advisor on the specific matter; provided, however, that the failure of the operating advisor to respond will not relieve the special servicer from consulting with the operating advisor on any future matters with respect to the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan or any other Mortgage Loan. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this prospectus, with respect to any Excluded Loan (regardless of whether an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has

 

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occurred and is continuing), the special servicer or the related Excluded Special Servicer, as applicable, will be required to consult with the operating advisor, on a non-binding basis, in connection with the related transactions involving proposed Major Decisions and consider alternative actions recommended by the operating advisor, in respect thereof, in accordance with the procedures set forth in the PSA for consulting with the operating advisor.

 

With respect to any Excluded Special Servicer Loan (that is not also an Excluded Loan), if any, the Directing Certificateholder (prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event) will be required to select an Excluded Special Servicer with respect to such Excluded Special Servicer Loan. After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event or if at any time the applicable Excluded Special Servicer Loan is also an Excluded Loan, the resigning special servicer will be required to use reasonable efforts to select the related Excluded Special Servicer. The resigning special servicer will not have any liability with respect to the actions or inactions of the applicable Excluded Special Servicer or with respect to the identity of the applicable Excluded Special Servicer.

 

If a Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, no class of certificates will act as the Controlling Class, and the Directing Certificateholder will not have any consultation or consent rights under the PSA or any right to receive any notices, reports or information (other than notices, reports or information required to be delivered to all Certificateholders) or any other rights as Directing Certificateholder under the PSA. The special servicer will nonetheless be required to consult with only the operating advisor in connection with Major Decisions, Asset Status Reports and other material special servicing actions to the extent set forth in the PSA, and no Controlling Class Certificateholder will be recognized or have any right to approve or be consulted with respect to asset status reports or material special servicer actions.

 

A “Control Termination Event“ will occur when the Class E-RR certificates have a Certificate Balance (taking into account the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balance of such class) of less than 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of that class; provided, however, that a Control Termination Event will not be deemed continuing in the event that the Certificate Balances of the certificates other than the Control Eligible Certificates have been reduced to zero as a result of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans.

 

A “Consultation Termination Event“ will occur when there is no class of Control Eligible Certificates that has a then-outstanding Certificate Balance at least equal to 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of that class, in each case, without regard to the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts; provided, however, that a Consultation Termination Event will not be deemed continuing in the event that the Certificate Balances of the certificates other than the Control Eligible Certificates have been reduced to zero as a result of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans.

 

With respect to any Excluded Loan or the holder of the majority of the Controlling Class, none of the Directing Certificateholder or any Controlling Class Certificateholder will have any consent or consultation rights with respect to the servicing of such Excluded Loan and a Control Termination Event and Consultation Termination Event will be deemed to have occurred with respect to an Excluded Loan.

 

For a description of certain restrictions on any modification, waiver or amendment to the Mortgage Loan documents, see “—Modifications, Waivers and Amendments” above.

 

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Servicing Override

 

In the event that the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, determines that immediate action with respect to any Major Decision or Master Servicer Decision (or any other matter requiring consent of the Directing Certificateholder with respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event in the PSA (or any matter requiring consultation with the Directing Certificateholder or the operating advisor)) is necessary to protect the interests of the Certificateholders (and, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan, the interest of the Certificateholders and the holders of any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan), as a collective whole (taking into account the pari passu nature of any Companion Loan), the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, may take any such action without waiting for the Directing Certificateholder’s response (or without waiting to consult with the Directing Certificateholder or the operating advisor, as the case may be); provided that the special servicer or master servicer, as applicable, provides the Directing Certificateholder (or the operating advisor, if applicable) with prompt written notice following such action including a reasonably detailed explanation of the basis for such action.

 

In addition, neither the master servicer nor the special servicer (i) will be required to take or refrain from taking any action pursuant to instructions or objections from the Directing Certificateholder or (ii) may follow any advice or consultation provided by the Directing Certificateholder or the holder of a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or its representative) that would (1) cause it to violate any applicable law, the related Mortgage Loan documents, any related Intercreditor Agreement, the PSA, including the Servicing Standard, or the REMIC provisions, (2) expose the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer, the issuing entity or the trustee to liability, (3) materially expand the scope of responsibilities of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, under the PSA or (4) cause the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, to act, or fail to act, in a manner which in the reasonable judgment of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, is not in the best interests of the Certificateholders.

 

Rights of the Directing Certificateholder with respect to Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans

 

With respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan, the Directing Certificateholder for this securitization will not be entitled to exercise the rights described above, but such rights, or rights substantially similar to those rights, will be exercisable by the related Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder. The issuing entity, as the holder of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans, has consultation rights with respect to certain major decisions relating to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan and, other than in respect of an Excluded Loan, so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder will be entitled to exercise such consultation rights of the issuing entity pursuant to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement. In addition, other than in respect of an Excluded Loan, so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder may have certain consent rights in connection with a sale of a Non-Serviced Whole Loan that has become a defaulted loan under the PSA or the related Non-Serviced PSA, as applicable. See also “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans”.

 

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Rights of the Holders of Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loans

 

With respect to a Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan that has a related Pari Passu Companion Loan, the holder of the related Pari Passu Companion Loan has consultation rights with respect to certain Major Decisions and consent rights in connection with the sale of the related Serviced Whole Loan if it has become a Defaulted Loan to the extent described in “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced Whole Loans” and “—Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties”.

 

Limitation on Liability of Directing Certificateholder

 

The Directing Certificateholder will not be liable to the issuing entity or the Certificateholders for any action taken, or for refraining from the taking of any action, or for errors in judgment. However, the Directing Certificateholder will not be protected against any liability to the Controlling Class Certificateholders that would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in the performance of duties or by reason of reckless disregard of obligations or duties owed to the Controlling Class Certificateholders.

 

Each Certificateholder will acknowledge and agree, by its acceptance of its certificates, that the Directing Certificateholder:

 

(a)       may have special relationships and interests that conflict with those of holders of one or more classes of certificates;

 

(b)       may act solely in the interests of the holders of the Controlling Class;

 

(c)       does not have any liability or duties to the holders of any class of certificates other than the Controlling Class;

 

(d)       may take actions that favor the interests of the holders of one or more classes including the Controlling Class over the interests of the holders of one or more other classes of certificates; and

 

(e)       will have no liability whatsoever (other than to a Controlling Class Certificateholder) for having so acted as set forth in (a) – (d) above, and no Certificateholder may take any action whatsoever against the Directing Certificateholder or any director, officer, employee, agent or principal of the Directing Certificateholder for having so acted.

 

The taking of, or refraining from taking, any action by the master servicer or the special servicer in accordance with the direction of or approval of the Directing Certificateholder, which does not violate the terms of any Mortgage Loan, any law, the Servicing Standard or the provisions of the PSA or the related Intercreditor Agreement, will not result in any liability on the part of the master servicer or special servicer.

 

Each Certificateholder will acknowledge and agree, by its acceptance of its certificates, that the holders of any Non-Serviced Companion Loan or their respective designees (e.g., the related Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder) will have limitations on liability with respect to actions taken in connection with the related Mortgage Loan similar to the limitations of the Directing Certificateholder described above pursuant to the terms of the related Intercreditor Agreement and the related Non-Serviced PSA. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans”.

 

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The Operating Advisor

 

General

 

The operating advisor will act solely as a contracting party to the extent set forth in the PSA, and in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard, and will have no fiduciary duty to any party. The operating advisor’s duties will be limited to its specific duties under the PSA, and the operating advisor will have no duty or liability to any particular class of certificates or any Certificateholder or any third party. The operating advisor is not the special servicer or a sub-servicer and will not be charged with changing the outcome on any particular Specially Serviced Loan. By purchasing a certificate, potential investors acknowledge and agree that there could be multiple strategies to resolve any Specially Serviced Loan and that the goal of the operating advisor’s participation is to provide additional input relating to the special servicer’s compliance with the Servicing Standard in making its determinations as to which strategy to execute.

 

Potential investors should note that the operating advisor is not an “advisor” for any purpose other than as specifically set forth in the PSA and is not an advisor to any person, including without limitation any Certificateholder. For the avoidance of doubt, the operating advisor is not an “investment adviser” within the meaning of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, or a broker or dealer within the meaning of the Exchange Act. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Your Lack of Control Over the Issuing Entity and the Mortgage Loans Can Impact Your Investment”.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the operating advisor will generally have no obligations or consultation rights as operating advisor under the PSA for this transaction with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan (each of which will be serviced pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA) or any related REO Properties. In addition, the operating advisors or equivalent parties under the Non-Serviced PSAs have certain obligations and consultation rights with respect to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan, which are substantially similar to those of the operating advisor under the PSA for this transaction.

 

Furthermore, the operating advisor will have no obligation or responsibility at any time to review the actions of the master servicer for compliance with the Servicing Standard. Except with respect to a waiver of the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee by the master servicer, the operating advisor will have no obligation or responsibility at any time to consult with the master servicer.

 

Duties of Operating Advisor At All Times

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan), the operating advisor’s obligations will generally consist of the following:

 

(a)       reviewing the actions of the special servicer with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan to the extent described in this prospectus and required under the PSA;

 

(b)       reviewing (i) all reports by the special servicer made available to Privileged Persons that are posted on the certificate administrator’s website that are relevant to the operating advisor’s obligations under the PSA and (ii) each Asset Status Report (after the occurrence and during the continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event) and Final Asset Status Report;

 

(c)       recalculating and reviewing for accuracy and consistency with the PSA the mathematical calculations and the corresponding application of the non-discretionary portion of the applicable formulas required to be utilized in connection with Appraisal

 

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Reduction Amounts, Collateral Deficiency Amounts, Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts and net present value calculations used in the special servicer’s determination of what course of action to take in connection with the workout or liquidation of a Specially Serviced Loan, as described below; and

 

(d)       preparing an annual report (if any Mortgage Loan (other than a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan was a Specially Serviced Loan at any time during the prior calendar year or if an Operating Advisor Consultation Event occurred during the prior calendar year) generally in the form attached to this prospectus as Annex C, to be provided to the certificate administrator (and made available through the certificate administrator’s website) and the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website), as described below under “—Annual Report”.

 

In connection with the performance of the duties described in clause (c) above:

 

(1)       after the calculation has been finalized (and, if an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has occurred and is continuing, prior to the utilization by the special servicer), the special servicer will be required to deliver the foregoing calculations together with information and support materials (including such additional information reasonably requested by the operating advisor to confirm the mathematical accuracy of such calculations, but not including any Privileged Information) to the operating advisor;

 

(2)       if the operating advisor does not agree with the mathematical calculations or the application of the applicable non-discretionary portions of the formula required to be utilized for such calculation, the operating advisor and the special servicer will be required to consult with each other in order to resolve any material inaccuracy in the mathematical calculations or the application of the non-discretionary portions of the related formula in arriving at those mathematical calculations or any disagreement; and

 

(3)       if the operating advisor and the special servicer are not able to resolve such matters, the operating advisor will be required to promptly notify the certificate administrator and the certificate administrator will be required to examine the calculations and supporting materials provided by the special servicer and the operating advisor and determine which calculation is to apply and will provide such parties prompt written notice of its determination.

 

Prior to the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, the operating advisor’s review will be limited to an after-the-action review of the reports, calculations and materials described above (together with any additional information and material reviewed by the operating advisor), and, therefore, it will have no involvement with respect to the determination and execution of Major Decisions and other similar actions that the special servicer may perform under the PSA and will have no obligations at any time with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan. In addition, with respect to the operating advisor’s review of net present value calculations as described above, the operating advisor’s recalculation will not take into account the reasonableness of special servicer’s property and borrower performance assumptions or other similar discretionary portions of the net present value calculation.

 

With respect to the determination of whether an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has occurred and is continuing, or has terminated, the Operating Advisor is entitled to rely solely on its receipt from the Certificate Administrator of notice thereof pursuant to the PSA, and, with respect to any obligations of the Operating Advisor that are performed only after

 

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the occurrence and continuation of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, the Operating Advisor will have no obligation to perform any such duties until the receipt of such notice or actual knowledge of the occurrence of an Operation Advisor Consultation Event.

 

The “Operating Advisor Standard” means the requirement that the operating advisor must act solely on behalf of the issuing entity and in the best interest of, and for the benefit of, the Certificateholders and, with respect to any Serviced Whole Loan for the benefit of the holders of the related Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Holders constituted a single lender), and not in the best interest of nor for the benefit of holders of any particular class of certificates (as determined by the operating advisor in the exercise of its good faith and reasonable judgment), but without regard to any conflict of interest arising from any relationship that the operating advisor or any of its affiliates may have with any of the underlying borrowers, any sponsor, any mortgage loan seller, the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the asset representations reviewer, the Directing Certificateholder or any Certificateholder or any of their affiliates. The operating advisor will perform its duties under the PSA in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard.

 

Annual Report

 

Based on the operating advisor’s review of (i) any Assessment of Compliance report, any Attestation Report and other information delivered to the operating advisor by the special servicer or made available to Privileged Persons that are posted on the certificate administrator’s website during the prior calendar year, (ii) prior to the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan, any related Final Asset Status Report or Major Decision Reporting Package delivered to the operating advisor and (iii) after the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, any Asset Status Report and any Major Decision Reporting Package provided to the operating advisor with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the operating advisor will (to the extent required to be delivered for a particular calendar year as described above) prepare an annual report generally in the form attached to this prospectus as Annex C (the “Operating Advisor Annual Report”) to be provided to the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website) and the certificate administrator for the benefit of the Certificateholders (and made available through the certificate administrator’s website) within 120 days of the end of the prior calendar year that (a) sets forth whether the operating advisor believes, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that the special servicer is operating in compliance with the Servicing Standard with respect to its performance of its duties under the PSA with respect to Specially Serviced Loans (and, after the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, also with respect to Major Decisions on non-Specially Serviced Loans) during the prior calendar year on a “trust-level basis” and (b) identifies (1) which, if any, standards the operating advisor believes, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, the special servicer has failed to comply with and (2) any material deviations from the special servicer’s obligations under the PSA with respect to the resolution or liquidation of any Specially Serviced Loan or REO Property (other than with respect to any REO Property related to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan); provided, however, that in the event the special servicer is replaced, the operating advisor’s annual report will only relate to the entity that was acting as special servicer as of December 31 in the prior calendar year and is continuing in such capacity through the date of such annual report. In addition, in preparing any Operating Advisor Annual Report, the operating advisor will not be required to report on instances of non-compliance with, or deviations from, the Servicing Standard or the special servicer’s obligations under the PSA that the operating advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, to be immaterial.

 

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Only as used in connection with the operating advisor’s annual report, the term “trust-level basis” refers to the special servicer’s performance of its duties with respect to the pool of Specially Serviced Loans (and, after the occurrence and continuance of an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, with respect to Major Decisions on non-Specially Serviced Loans) under the PSA, taking into account the special servicer’s specific duties under the PSA as well as the extent to which those duties were performed in accordance with the Servicing Standard, with reasonable consideration by the operating advisor of any Assessment of Compliance report, Attestation Report, Major Decision Reporting Package, Asset Status Report, Final Asset Status Report and any other information delivered to the operating advisor by the special servicer (other than any communications between the Directing Certificateholder and the special servicer that would be Privileged Information) pursuant to the PSA.

 

The special servicer must be given an opportunity to review any annual report produced by the operating advisor at least 5 business days prior to its delivery to the certificate administrator and the 17g-5 Information Provider; provided that the operating advisor will have no obligation to adopt any comments to such annual report that are provided by the special servicer.

 

In each annual report, the operating advisor will identify any material deviations (i) from the Servicing Standard and (ii) from the special servicer’s obligations under the PSA with respect to the resolution or liquidation of Specially Serviced Loans or REO Properties that the special servicer is responsible for servicing under the PSA (other than with respect to any REO Property related to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) based on the limited review required in the PSA. Each annual report will be required to comply with the confidentiality requirements, subject to certain exceptions, each as described in this prospectus and as provided in the PSA regarding Privileged Information.

 

The ability to perform the duties of the operating advisor and the quality and the depth of any annual report will be dependent upon the timely receipt of information prepared or made available by others and the accuracy and the completeness of such information. In addition, in no event will the operating advisor have the power to compel any transaction party to take, or refrain from taking, any action. It is possible that the lack of access to Privileged Information may limit or prohibit the operating advisor from performing its duties under the PSA, in which case any annual report will describe any resulting limitations, and the operating advisor will not be subject to any liability arising from such limitations or prohibitions. The operating advisor will be entitled to conclusively rely on the accuracy and completeness of any information it is provided without liability for any such reliance thereunder.

 

Additional Duties of the Operating Advisor While an Operating Advisor Consultation Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing

 

With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Whole Loan, after the operating advisor has received notice that an Operating Advisor Consultation Event has occurred and is continuing, in addition to the duties described above, the operating advisor will be required to perform the following additional duties:

 

to consult (on a non-binding basis) with the special servicer (telephonically or electronically) in respect of the Asset Status Reports, as described under “—Asset Status Report”; and

 

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to consult (on a non-binding basis) with the special servicer to the extent it has received a Major Decision Reporting Package (telephonically or electronically) with respect to Major Decisions processed by the special servicer as described under “—The Directing Certificateholder—Major Decisions”.

 

To facilitate the consultation above, the Special Servicer will be required to send to the Operating Advisor an Asset Status Report or Major Decision Reporting Package, as applicable, before the action is implemented.

 

Recommendation of the Replacement of the Special Servicer

 

If at any time the operating advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that (1) the special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the Servicing Standard, and (2) the replacement of the special servicer would be in the best interest of the Certificateholders as a collective whole, then the operating advisor may recommend the replacement of the special servicer and deliver a report supporting such recommendation in the manner described in “—Replacement of Special Servicer After Operating Advisor Recommendation and Certificateholder Vote”.

 

Eligibility of Operating Advisor

 

The operating advisor will be required to be an Eligible Operating Advisor at all times during the term of the PSA. “Eligible Operating Advisor“ means an institution:

 

(1)       that is the special servicer or operating advisor on a commercial mortgage-backed securities transaction rated by the Rating Agencies (including, in the case of the operating advisor, this transaction) but has not been the special servicer or operating advisor on a transaction for which any Rating Agency has qualified, downgraded or withdrawn its rating or ratings of one or more classes of certificates for such transaction citing servicing or other relevant concerns with the operating advisor in its capacity as the special servicer or operating advisor, as applicable, as the sole or a material factor in such rating action;

 

(2)       that can and will make the representations and warranties of the operating advisor set forth in the PSA;

 

(3)       that is not (and is not Risk Retention Affiliated with) the depositor, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer, a mortgage loan seller, the Directing Certificateholder, the Third-Party Purchaser, or a depositor, a trustee, a certificate administrator, the master servicer or the special servicer with respect to the securitization of a Companion Loan, or any of their Risk Retention Affiliates;

 

(4)       that has not been paid by the special servicer or successor special servicer any fees, compensation or other remuneration (x) in respect of its obligations under the PSA or (y) for the appointment or recommendation for replacement of a successor special servicer to become the special servicer;

 

(5)       that (x) has been regularly engaged in the business of analyzing and advising clients in commercial mortgage-backed securities matters and has at least five years of experience in collateral analysis and loss projections, and (y) has at least five years of experience in commercial real estate asset management and

 

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experience in the workout and management of distressed commercial real estate assets; and

 

(6)       that does not directly or indirectly, through one or more affiliates or otherwise, own or have derivative exposure in any interest in any certificates, any Mortgage Loan, any Companion Loan or securities backed by a Companion Loan or otherwise have any financial interest in the securitization transaction to which the PSA relates, other than in fees from its role as operating advisor and asset representations reviewer (to the extent it also acts as the asset representations reviewer).

 

Risk Retention Affiliate” or “Risk Retention Affiliated” means “affiliate of” or “affiliated with”, as such terms are defined in 12 C.F.R. 43.2 of the Credit Risk Retention Rules.

 

Other Obligations of Operating Advisor

 

At all times, subject to the Privileged Information Exception, the operating advisor and its affiliates will be obligated to keep confidential any information appropriately labeled “Privileged Information” received from the special servicer or the Directing Certificateholder in connection with the Directing Certificateholder’s exercise of any rights under the PSA (including, without limitation, in connection with any Asset Status Report) or otherwise in connection with the transaction, except under the circumstances described below. As used in this prospectus, “Privileged Information“ means (i) any correspondence between the Directing Certificateholder and the special servicer related to any Specially Serviced Loan (in each case, other than with respect to an Excluded Loan) or the exercise of the Directing Certificateholder’s consent or consultation rights under the PSA, (ii) any strategically sensitive information (including any such information contained within any Asset Status Report) that the special servicer has reasonably determined (and has identified as privileged or confidential information) could compromise the issuing entity’s position in any ongoing or future negotiations with the related borrower or other interested party and (iii) information subject to attorney-client privilege.

 

The operating advisor is required to keep all such labeled Privileged Information confidential and may not disclose such labeled Privileged Information to any person (including Certificateholders other than the Directing Certificateholder), other than (1) to the extent expressly required by the PSA, to the other parties to the PSA with a notice indicating that such information is Privileged Information, (2) pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception or (3) where necessary to support specific findings or conclusions concerning allegations of deviations from the Servicing Standard (i) in the Operating Advisor Annual Report or (ii) in connection with a recommendation by the operating advisor to replace the special servicer. Each party to the PSA that receives Privileged Information from the operating advisor with a notice stating that such information is Privileged Information may not disclose such Privileged Information to any person without the prior written consent of the special servicer and, unless a Control Termination Event has occurred, the Directing Certificateholder (with respect to any Mortgage Loan other than a Non-Serviced Whole Loan and other than any Excluded Loan) other than pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception.

 

Privileged Information Exception“ means, with respect to any Privileged Information, at any time (a) such Privileged Information becomes generally available to the public other than as a result of a disclosure directly or indirectly by the party restricted from disclosing such Privileged Information (the “Restricted Party“), (b) it is reasonable and necessary for the Restricted Party to disclose such Privileged Information in working with legal counsel, auditors, taxing authorities or other governmental agencies, (c) such Privileged Information

 

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was already known to such Restricted Party and not otherwise subject to a confidentiality obligation and/or (d) the Restricted Party is required by law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree to disclose such information.

 

Neither the operating advisor nor any of its affiliates may make any investment in any class of certificates; provided, however, that such prohibition will not apply to (i) riskless principal transactions effected by a broker dealer affiliate of the operating advisor or (ii) investments by an affiliate of the operating advisor if the operating advisor and such affiliate maintain policies and procedures that (A) segregate personnel involved in the activities of the operating advisor under the PSA from personnel involved in such affiliate’s investment activities and (B) prevent such affiliate and its personnel from gaining access to information regarding the issuing entity and the operating advisor and its personnel from gaining access to such affiliate’s information regarding its investment activities.

 

Delegation of Operating Advisor’s Duties

 

The operating advisor may delegate its duties to agents or subcontractors in accordance with the PSA; however, the operating advisor will remain obligated and primarily liable for any actions required to be performed by it under the PSA without diminution of such obligation or liability or related obligation or liability by virtue of such delegation or arrangements or by virtue of indemnification from any person acting as its agents or subcontractor to the same extent and under the same terms and conditions as if the operating advisor alone were performing its obligations under the PSA.

 

Termination of the Operating Advisor With Cause

 

The following constitute operating advisor termination events under the PSA (each, an “Operating Advisor Termination Event“), whether any such event is voluntary or involuntary or is effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body:

 

(a)       any failure by the operating advisor to observe or perform in any material respect any of its covenants or agreements or the material breach of any of its representations or warranties under the PSA, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied, is given to the operating advisor by any party to the PSA or to the operating advisor, the certificate administrator and the trustee by the holders of certificates having greater than 25% of the aggregate Voting Rights; provided that with respect to any such failure that is not curable within such 30 day period, the operating advisor will have an additional cure period of 30 days to effect such cure so long as it has commenced to cure such failure within the initial 30 day period and has provided the trustee and the certificate administrator with an officer’s certificate certifying that it has diligently pursued, and is continuing to pursue, such cure;

 

(b)       any failure by the operating advisor to perform in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied, is given to the operating advisor by any party to the PSA;

 

(c)       any failure by the operating advisor to be an Eligible Operating Advisor, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied, is given to the operating advisor by any party to the PSA;

 

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(d)       a decree or order of a court or agency or supervisory authority having jurisdiction in the premises in an involuntary case under any present or future federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law for the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings, or for the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, was entered against the operating advisor, and such decree or order remained in force undischarged or unstayed for a period of 60 days;

 

(e)       the operating advisor consents to the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator or liquidation committee in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities, voluntary liquidation, or similar proceedings of or relating to the operating advisor or of or relating to all or substantially all of its property; or

 

(f)        the operating advisor admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, files a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency or reorganization statute, makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or voluntarily suspends payment of its obligations.

 

Upon receipt by the certificate administrator of notice of the occurrence of any Operating Advisor Termination Event, the certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice to all Certificateholders electronically by posting such notice on its internet website and by mail, unless the certificate administrator has received notice that such Operating Advisor Termination Event has been remedied.

 

Rights Upon Operating Advisor Termination Event

 

After the occurrence of an Operating Advisor Termination Event, the trustee may, and upon the written direction of Certificateholders representing at least 25% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balance of the classes of certificates), the trustee will, promptly terminate the operating advisor for cause and appoint a replacement operating advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor; provided that no such termination will be effective until a successor operating advisor has been appointed and has assumed all of the obligations of the operating advisor under the PSA. The trustee may rely on a certification by the replacement operating advisor that it is an Eligible Operating Advisor. If the trustee is unable to find a replacement operating advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor within 30 days of the termination of the operating advisor, the depositor will be permitted to find a replacement.

 

Upon any termination of the operating advisor and appointment of a successor operating advisor, the trustee will, as soon as possible, be required to give written notice of the termination and appointment to the special servicer, the master servicer, the certificate administrator, the depositor, the Directing Certificateholder (for any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan and only for so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred), any Companion Holder, the Certificateholders and the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website).

 

Waiver of Operating Advisor Termination Event

 

The holders of certificates representing at least 25% of the Voting Rights affected by any Operating Advisor Termination Event may waive such Operating Advisor Termination Event within 20 days of the receipt of notice from the trustee of the occurrence of such Operating Advisor Termination Event. Upon any such waiver of an Operating Advisor Termination

 

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Event, such Operating Advisor Termination Event will cease to exist and will be deemed to have been remedied. Upon any such waiver of an Operating Advisor Termination Event by Certificateholders, the trustee and the certificate administrator will be entitled to recover all costs and expenses incurred by it in connection with enforcement action taken with respect to such Operating Advisor Termination Event prior to such waiver from the issuing entity.

 

Termination of the Operating Advisor Without Cause

 

After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, the operating advisor may be removed upon (i) the written direction of Certificateholders evidencing not less than 25% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of classes to which such Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts are allocable) requesting a vote to replace the operating advisor with a replacement operating advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor selected by such Certificateholders, (ii) payment by such requesting holders to the certificate administrator of all reasonable fees and expenses to be incurred by the certificate administrator in connection with administering such vote and (iii) receipt by the trustee of the Rating Agency Confirmation with respect to such removal.

 

The certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice to all Certificateholders of such request by posting such notice on its internet website, and by mail, and conduct the solicitation of votes of all certificates in such regard.

 

Upon the vote or written direction of holders of at least 75% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of classes to which such Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts are allocable), the trustee will immediately replace the operating advisor with the replacement operating advisor.

 

Resignation of the Operating Advisor

 

The operating advisor may resign upon 30 days’ prior written notice to the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the asset representations reviewer and the Directing Certificateholder if the operating advisor has secured a replacement operating advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor and such replacement operating advisor has accepted its appointment as the replacement operating advisor and receipt by the trustee of a Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency. If no successor operating advisor has been so appointed and accepted the appointment within 30 days after the notice of resignation, the resigning operating advisor may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor operating advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor. The resigning operating advisor must pay all costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties.

 

Operating Advisor Compensation

 

Certain fees will be payable to the operating advisor, and the operating advisor will be entitled to be reimbursed for certain expenses, as described under “Transaction Parties—The Operating Advisor and Asset Representations Reviewer”.

 

In the event the operating advisor resigns or is terminated for any reason it will remain entitled to any accrued and unpaid fees and reimbursement of Operating Advisor Expenses and any rights to indemnification provided under the PSA with respect to the period for which it acted as operating advisor.

 

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The operating advisor will be entitled to reimbursement of certain expenses incurred by the operating advisor in the event that the operating advisor is terminated without cause. See “—Termination of the Operating Advisor Without Cause” above.

 

The Asset Representations Reviewer

 

Asset Review

 

Asset Review Trigger

 

On or prior to each Distribution Date, based on the CREFC® delinquent loan status report and/or the CREFC® loan periodic update file delivered by the master servicer for such Distribution Date, the certificate administrator will be required to determine if an Asset Review Trigger has occurred. If an Asset Review Trigger is determined to have occurred, the certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide notice to the asset representations reviewer and to provide notice to all Certificateholders by posting a notice of its determination on its internet website and by mailing such notice to the Certificateholders’ addresses appearing in the certificate register. On each Distribution Date after providing such notice to the Certificateholders, the certificate administrator, based on information provided to it by the master servicer or the special servicer, will be required to determine whether (1) any additional Mortgage Loan has become a Delinquent Loan, (2) any Mortgage Loan has ceased to be a Delinquent Loan and (3) an Asset Review Trigger has ceased to exist, and, if there is an occurrence of any of the events or circumstances identified in clauses (1), (2) and/or (3), deliver such information in a written notice (which may be via email) within 2 business days to the master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer. An “Asset Review Trigger“ will occur when either (1) Mortgage Loans with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of 25.0% or more of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all of the Mortgage Loans (including any REO Loans (or a portion of any REO Loan in the case of a Whole Loan)) held by the issuing entity as of the end of the applicable Collection Period are Delinquent Loans or (2) at least 15 Mortgage Loans are Delinquent Loans as of the end of the applicable Collection Period and the outstanding principal balance of such Delinquent Loans in the aggregate constitutes at least 20.0% of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of all of the Mortgage Loans (including any REO Loans (or a portion of any REO Loan in the case of a Whole Loan)) held by the issuing entity as of the end of the applicable Collection Period. The PSA will require that the certificate administrator include in the Distribution Report on Form 10-D relating to the distribution period in which the Asset Review Trigger occurred a description of the events that caused the Asset Review Trigger to occur.

 

We believe this Asset Review Trigger is appropriate considering the unique characteristics of pools of Mortgage Loans underlying CMBS. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Static Pool Data Would Not Be Indicative of the Performance of this Pool”. In general, upon a Delinquent Loan becoming a Specially Serviced Loan, as part of the special servicer’s initial investigation into the circumstances that caused the Mortgage Loan to become delinquent and be transferred to the special servicer, the special servicer will typically conduct a review of the Delinquent Loan for possible breaches of representations and warranties. Given that the special servicer will commonly have already conducted such a review and discussed any findings with the Directing Certificateholder (prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event) prior to the occurrence of an Asset Review Trigger, to avoid additional fees, costs and expenses to the issuing entity, we set the Delinquent Loan percentage based on an outstanding principal balance in clause (1) of the definition of Asset Review Trigger to exceed a delinquency rate that would result in estimated losses that exceed the subordination provided by the Control Eligible Certificates. For purpose of this calculation,

 

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we assumed an average loss severity of 40%, however, we cannot assure you that any actual loss severity will equal that assumed percentage. On the other hand, a significant number of Delinquent Loans by loan count, but representing a smaller percentage of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loans than the percentage set forth in clause (1) of the definition of Asset Review Trigger, could also indicate an issue with the quality of the Mortgage Pool. As a result, we believe it would be appropriate to have an alternative test as set forth in clause (2) of the definition of Asset Review Trigger, namely to have the Asset Review Trigger be met if Mortgage Loans representing 15 of the Mortgage Loans (by loan count) are Delinquent Loans so long as those Mortgage Loans represent at least 20% of the aggregate outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loans. With respect to the 83 prior pools of commercial mortgage loans for which Wells Fargo Bank (or its predecessors) was sponsor in a public offering of CMBS with a securitization closing date on or after January 1, 2008 (excluding zero of such 83 pools with an outstanding balance that is equal to or less than 20% of the Initial Pool Balance), the highest percentage of mortgage loans, based on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of delinquent mortgage loans in an individual CMBS transaction, that were delinquent at least 60 days at the end of any reporting period between January 1, 2012 and September 30, 2018, was 7.2%; however, the average of the highest delinquency percentages based on the aggregate outstanding principal balance of delinquent mortgage loans in the reviewed transactions was 0.8%; and the highest percentage of delinquent mortgage loans, based upon the number of mortgage loans in the reviewed transactions was 3.8% and the average of the highest delinquency percentages based on the number of mortgage loans in the reviewed transactions was 0.8%.

 

Delinquent Loan“ means a Mortgage Loan that is delinquent at least 60 days in respect of its Periodic Payments or balloon payment, if any, in either case such delinquency to be determined without giving effect to any grace period.

 

Asset Review Vote

 

If Certificateholders evidencing not less than 5.0% of the Voting Rights deliver to the certificate administrator, within 90 days after the filing of the Form 10-D reporting the occurrence of an Asset Review Trigger, a written direction requesting a vote to commence an Asset Review (an “Asset Review Vote Election“), the certificate administrator will promptly provide written notice of such direction to all Certificateholders (with a copy to the asset representations reviewer), and to conduct a solicitation of votes of Certificateholders to authorize an Asset Review. Upon the affirmative vote to authorize an Asset Review by Certificateholders evidencing at least (i) a majority of those Certificateholders who cast votes and (ii) a majority of an Asset Review Quorum within 150 days of the receipt of the Asset Review Vote Election (an “Affirmative Asset Review Vote“), the certificate administrator will promptly provide written notice of such Affirmative Asset Review Vote to all parties to the PSA, the underwriters, the mortgage loan sellers, the Directing Certificateholder and the Certificateholders. In the event an Affirmative Asset Review Vote has not occurred within such 150-day period following the receipt of the Asset Review Vote Election, no Certificateholder may request a vote or cast a vote for an Asset Review and the asset representations reviewer will not be required to review any Delinquent Loan unless and until, as applicable, (A) an additional Mortgage Loan has become a Delinquent Loan after the expiration of such 150-day period, (B) a new Asset Review Trigger has occurred as a result or an Asset Review Trigger is otherwise in effect, (C) the certificate administrator has timely received an Asset Review Vote Election after the occurrence of the events described in clauses (A) and (B) above and (D) an Affirmative Asset Review Vote has occurred within 150 days after the Asset Review Vote Election described in clause (C) above. After the occurrence of any Asset Review Vote Election or an Affirmative Asset

 

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Review Vote, no Certificateholder may make any additional Asset Review Vote Election except as described in the immediately preceding sentence. Any reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the certificate administrator in connection with administering such vote will be paid as an expense of the issuing entity from the Collection Account.

 

An “Asset Review Quorum“ means, in connection with any solicitation of votes to authorize an Asset Review as described above, the holders of certificates evidencing at least 5.0% of the aggregate Voting Rights.

 

Review Materials

 

Upon receipt of notice from the certificate administrator of an Affirmative Asset Review Vote (the “Asset Review Notice“), the custodian (with respect to clauses (i) – (v) for all Mortgage Loans), the master servicer (with respect to clauses (vi) and (vii) for non-Specially Serviced Loans) and the special servicer (with respect to clauses (vi) and (vii) for Specially Serviced Loans), in each case, to the extent in such party’s possession, will be required to promptly, but in no event later than within 10 business days, provide the following materials in electronic format to the extent in their possession to the asset representations reviewer (collectively, with the Diligence Files posted to the secure data room by the certificate administrator, a copy of the prospectus, a copy of each related MLPA and a copy of the PSA, the “Review Materials“):

 

(i)       a copy of an assignment of the Mortgage in favor of the trustee, with evidence of recording thereon, for each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review;

 

(ii)       a copy of an assignment of any related assignment of leases (if such item is a document separate from the Mortgage) in favor of the trustee, with evidence of recording thereon, related to each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review;

 

(iii)      a copy of the assignment of all unrecorded documents relating to each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review, if not already covered pursuant to items (i) or (ii) above;

 

(iv)       copies of all filed copies (bearing evidence of filing) or evidence of filing of any UCC financing statements related to each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review;

 

(v)       a copy of an assignment in favor of the trustee of any financing statement executed and filed in the relevant jurisdiction related to each Delinquent Loan that is subject to an Asset Review;

 

(vi)       a copy of any notice previously delivered by the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as applicable, of any alleged defect or breach with respect to any Delinquent Loan; and

 

(vii)       copies of any other related documents that were entered into or delivered in connection with the origination of such Mortgage Loan that the asset representations reviewer has determined are necessary in connection with its completion of any Asset Review and that are requested by the asset representations reviewer, in the time frames and as otherwise described below.

 

In the event that, as part of an Asset Review of a Mortgage Loan, the asset representations reviewer determines that it is missing any document that is required to be

 

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part of the Review Materials for such Mortgage Loan and that is necessary in connection with its completion of the Asset Review, the asset representations reviewer will promptly, but in no event later than 10 business days after receipt of the Review Materials, notify the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans) or the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans), as applicable, of such missing document(s), and request the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, promptly, but in no event later than 10 business days after receipt of notification from the asset representations reviewer, deliver to the asset representations reviewer such missing document(s) to the extent in its possession. In the event any missing documents are not provided by the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, within such 10 business day period, the asset representations reviewer will request such documents from the related mortgage loan seller. The mortgage loan seller will be required under the related MLPA to deliver such additional documents only to the extent such documents are in the possession of such party but in any event excluding any documents that contain information that is proprietary to the related originator or mortgage loan seller or any draft documents or privileged or internal communications.

 

The asset representations reviewer may, but is under no obligation to, consider and rely upon information furnished to it by a person that is not a party to the PSA or the related mortgage loan seller, and will do so only if such information can be independently verified (without unreasonable effort or expense to the asset representations reviewer) and is determined by the asset representations reviewer in its good faith and sole discretion to be relevant to the Asset Review (any such information, “Unsolicited Information“), as described below.

 

Asset Review

 

Upon its receipt of the Asset Review Notice and access to the Diligence Files posted to the secure data room with respect to a Delinquent Loan, the asset representations reviewer, as an independent contractor, will be required to commence a review of the compliance of each Delinquent Loan with the representations and warranties related to that Delinquent Loan (such review, the “Asset Review“). An Asset Review of each Delinquent Loan will consist of the application of a set of pre-determined review procedures (the “Tests“) for each representation and warranty made by the applicable mortgage loan seller with respect to such Delinquent Loan. Once an Asset Review of a Mortgage Loan is completed, no further Asset Review will be required of or performed on that Mortgage Loan notwithstanding that such Mortgage Loan may continue to be a Delinquent Loan or become a Delinquent Loan again at the time when a new Asset Review Trigger occurs and a new Affirmative Asset Review Vote is obtained subsequent to the occurrence of such Asset Review Trigger.

 

Asset Review Standard“ means the performance by the asset representations reviewer of its duties under the PSA in good faith subject to the express terms of the PSA. All determinations or assumptions made by the asset representations reviewer in connection with an Asset Review are required to be made in the asset representations reviewer’s good faith discretion and judgment based on the facts and circumstances known to it at the time of such determination or assumption.

 

No Certificateholder will have the right to change the scope of the asset representations reviewer’s review, and the asset representations reviewer will not be required to review any information other than (i) the Review Materials and (ii) if applicable, Unsolicited Information.

 

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The asset representations reviewer may, absent manifest error and subject to the Asset Review Standard, (i) assume, without independent investigation or verification, that the Review Materials are accurate and complete in all material respects and (ii) conclusively rely on such Review Materials.

 

The asset representations reviewer must prepare a preliminary report with respect to each delinquent loan within 56 days after the date on which access to the secure data room is provided by the certificate administrator. In the event that the asset representations reviewer determines that the Review Materials are insufficient to complete a Test and such missing documentation is not delivered to the asset representations reviewer by the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans), the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans) to the extent in the possession of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, or from the related mortgage loan seller within 10 business days following the request by the asset representations reviewer to the master servicer, the special servicer or the related mortgage loan seller, as the case may be, as described above, the asset representations reviewer will list such missing documents in a preliminary report setting forth the preliminary results of the application of the Tests and the reasons why such missing documents are necessary to complete a Test and (if the asset representations reviewer has so concluded) that the absence of such documents will be deemed to be a failure of such Test. The asset representations reviewer will be required to provide such preliminary report to the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans) or the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans), and the related mortgage loan seller. If the preliminary report indicates that any of the representations and warranties fails or is deemed to fail any Test, the mortgage loan seller will have 90 days (the “Cure/Contest Period“) to remedy or otherwise refute the failure. Any documents or explanations to support the related mortgage loan seller’s claim that the representation and warranty has not failed a Test or that any missing documents in the Review Materials are not required to complete a Test will be sent by the related mortgage loan seller to the asset representations reviewer. For the avoidance of doubt, the asset representations reviewer will not be required to prepare a preliminary report in the event the asset representations reviewer determines that there is no Test failure with respect to the related Delinquent Loan.

 

The asset representations reviewer will be required, within 60 days after the date on which access to the secure data room is provided to the asset representations reviewer by the certificate administrator or within 10 days after the expiration of the Cure/Contest Period (whichever is later), to complete an Asset Review with respect to each Delinquent Loan and deliver (i) a report setting forth the asset representations reviewer’s findings and conclusions as to whether or not it has determined there is any evidence of a failure of any Test based on the Asset Review and a statement that the asset representations reviewer’s findings and conclusions set forth in such report were not influenced by any third party (an “Asset Review Report“) to each party to the PSA, the related mortgage loan seller for each Delinquent Loan and the Directing Certificateholder, and (ii) a summary of the asset representations reviewer’s conclusions included in such Asset Review Report (an “Asset Review Report Summary“) to the trustee, the special servicer, the master servicer and the certificate administrator. The period of time by which the Asset Review Report must be completed and delivered may be extended by up to an additional 30 days, upon written notice to the parties to the PSA and the related mortgage loan seller, if the asset representations reviewer determines pursuant to the Asset Review Standard that such additional time is required due to the characteristics of the Mortgage Loans and/or the Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties. In no event will the asset representations reviewer be required to determine whether any Test failure constitutes a Material Defect, or whether the issuing entity should enforce any rights it may have against the related

 

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mortgage loan seller (or Benefit Street Partners Realty Trust, Inc., as guarantor of the repurchase and substitution obligations of BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC) which, in each such case, will be the responsibility of the Enforcing Servicer. See “—Enforcement of Mortgage Loan Seller’s Obligations Under the MLPA” below. In addition, in the event that the asset representations reviewer does not receive any documentation that it requested from the master servicer (with respect to non-Specially Serviced Loans), the special servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Loans) or the related mortgage loan seller in sufficient time to allow the asset representations reviewer to complete its Asset Review and deliver an Asset Review Report, the asset representations reviewer will be required to prepare the Asset Review Report solely based on the documentation received by the asset representations reviewer with respect to the related Delinquent Loan, and the asset representations reviewer will have no responsibility to independently obtain any such documentation from any party to the PSA or otherwise. The PSA will require that the certificate administrator (i) include the Asset Review Report Summary in the Distribution Report on Form 10–D relating to the distribution period in which the Asset Review Report Summary was received, and (ii) post such Asset Review Report Summary to the certificate administrator’s website not later than two business days after receipt of such Asset Review Report Summary from the asset representations reviewer.

 

Eligibility of Asset Representations Reviewer

 

The asset representations reviewer will be required to represent and warrant in the PSA that it is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer. The asset representations reviewer is required to be at all times an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer. If the asset representations reviewer ceases to be an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer, the asset representations reviewer is required to immediately notify the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the operating advisor, the certificate administrator and the Directing Certificateholder of such disqualification and immediately resign under the PSA as described under the “—Resignation of Asset Representations Reviewer” below.

 

An “Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer“ is an institution that (i) is the special servicer, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer on a transaction rated by any of DBRS, Inc. (“DBRS”), Fitch, Kroll Bond Rating Agency, Inc. (“KBRA“), Moody’s, Morningstar or S&P and that has not been the special servicer, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer on a transaction for which DBRS, Fitch, KBRA, Moody’s, Morningstar or S&P has qualified, downgraded or withdrawn its rating or ratings of one or more classes of certificates for such transaction citing servicing or other relevant concerns with the special servicer, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer, as applicable, as the sole or material factor in such rating action, (ii) can and will make the representations and warranties of the asset representations reviewer set forth in the PSA, (iii) is not (and is not affiliated (including Risk Retention Affiliated) with) any sponsor, any mortgage loan seller, any originator, the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the Directing Certificateholder, the Third-Party Purchaser or any of their respective affiliates (including Risk Retention Affiliates), (iv) has not performed (and is not affiliated with any party hired to perform) any due diligence, loan underwriting, brokerage, borrower advisory or similar services with respect to any Mortgage Loan or any related Companion Loan prior to the Closing Date for or on behalf of any sponsor, any mortgage loan seller, any underwriter, the Third-Party Purchaser, any party to the PSA, the Directing Certificateholder or any of their respective affiliates, or have been paid any fees, compensation or other remuneration by any of them in connection with any such services and (v) that does not directly or indirectly, through one or more affiliates or otherwise, own any interest in any certificates, any Mortgage Loans, any Companion Loan or any securities backed by a Companion Loan or otherwise have any financial interest in

 

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the securitization transaction to which the PSA relates, other than in fees from its role as asset representations reviewer (or as operating advisor, if applicable) and except as otherwise set forth in the PSA.

 

Other Obligations of Asset Representations Reviewer

 

The asset representations reviewer and its affiliates are required to keep confidential any information appropriately labeled as “Privileged Information” received from any party to the PSA or any sponsor under the PSA (including, without limitation, in connection with the review of the Mortgage Loans) and not disclose such Privileged Information to any person (including Certificateholders), other than (1) to the extent expressly required by the PSA in an Asset Review Report or otherwise, to the other parties to the PSA with a notice indicating that such information is Privileged Information or (2) pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception. Each party to the PSA that receives such Privileged Information from the asset representations reviewer with a notice stating that such information is Privileged Information may not disclose such Privileged Information to any person without the prior written consent of the special servicer other than pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception.

 

Neither the asset representations reviewer nor any of its affiliates may make any investment in any class of certificates; provided, however, that such prohibition will not apply to (i) riskless principal transactions effected by a broker dealer affiliate of the asset representations reviewer or (ii) investments by an affiliate of the asset representations reviewer if the asset representations reviewer and such affiliate maintain policies and procedures that (A) segregate personnel involved in the activities of the asset representations reviewer under the PSA from personnel involved in such affiliate’s investment activities and (B) prevent such affiliate and its personnel from gaining access to information regarding the issuing entity and the asset representations reviewer and its personnel from gaining access to such affiliate’s information regarding its investment activities.

 

Delegation of Asset Representations Reviewer’s Duties

 

The asset representations reviewer may delegate its duties to agents or subcontractors in accordance with the PSA, however, the asset representations reviewer will remain obligated and primarily liable for any Asset Review required in accordance with the provisions of the PSA without diminution of such obligation or liability by virtue of such delegation or arrangements or by virtue of indemnification from any person acting as its agents or subcontractor to the same extent and under the same terms and conditions as if the asset representations reviewer alone were performing its obligations under the PSA.

 

Assignment of Asset Representation Reviewer’s Rights and Obligations

 

The asset representations reviewer may assign its rights and obligations under the PSA in connection with the sale or transfer of all or substantially all of its asset representations reviewer portfolio, provided that: (i) the purchaser or transferee accepting such assignment and delegation (A) is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer resulting from a merger, consolidation or succession that is permitted under the PSA, (B) assumes in writing each covenant and condition to be performed or observed by the asset representations reviewer under the PSA and (C) is not a prohibited party under the PSA; (ii) the asset representations reviewer will not be released from its obligations under the PSA that arose prior to the effective date of such assignment and delegation; (iii) the rate at which each of the Asset Representations Reviewer Fee and the Asset Representations Reviewer Asset Review Fee (or any component thereof) is calculated may not exceed the rate then in effect

 

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and (iv) the resigning asset representations reviewer will be required to be responsible for the reasonable costs and expenses of each other party to the PSA and the Rating Agencies in connection with such transfer. Upon acceptance of such assignment and delegation, the purchaser or transferee will be required to provide notice to each party to the PSA and then will be the successor asset representations reviewer under the PSA.

 

Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Events

 

The following constitute asset representations reviewer termination events under the PSA (each, an “Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event“) whether any such event is voluntary or involuntary or is effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body:

 

(i)       any failure by the asset representations reviewer to observe or perform in any material respect any of its covenants or agreements or the material breach of any of its representations or warranties under the PSA, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied, is given to the asset representations reviewer by the trustee or to the asset representations reviewer and the trustee by the holders of certificates evidencing greater than 25% of the Voting Rights; provided that with respect to any such failure that is not curable within such 30-day period, the asset representations reviewer will have an additional cure period of 30 days to effect such cure so long as it has commenced to cure such failure within the initial 30-day period and has provided the trustee and the certificate administrator with an officer’s certificate certifying that it has diligently pursued, and is continuing to pursue, such cure;

 

(ii)       any failure by the asset representations reviewer to perform its obligations set forth in the PSA in accordance with the Asset Review Standard in any material respect, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied, is given to the asset representations reviewer by any party to the PSA;

 

(iii)       any failure by the asset representations reviewer to be an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied, is given to the asset representations reviewer by any party to the PSA;

 

(iv)       a decree or order of a court or agency or supervisory authority having jurisdiction in the premises in an involuntary case under any present or future federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law for the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings, or for the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, has been entered against the asset representations reviewer, and such decree or order has remained in force undischarged or unstayed for a period of 60 days;

 

(v)       the asset representations reviewer consents to the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator or liquidation committee in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities, voluntary liquidation, or similar proceedings of or relating to the asset representations reviewer or of or relating to all or substantially all of its property; or

 

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(vi)       the asset representations reviewer admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, files a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency or reorganization statute, makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or voluntarily suspends payment of its obligations.

 

Upon receipt by the certificate administrator of written notice of the occurrence of any Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event, the certificate administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice to all Certificateholders (which is required to be simultaneously delivered to the asset representations reviewer) electronically by posting such notice on its internet website and by mail, unless the certificate administrator has received notice that such Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event has been remedied.

 

Rights Upon Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event

 

If an Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event occurs, and in each and every such case, so long as such Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event has not been remedied, then either the trustee (i) may or (ii) upon the written direction of Certificateholders evidencing at least 25% of the Voting Rights (without regard to the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts) will be required to, terminate all of the rights and obligations of the asset representations reviewer under the PSA, other than rights and obligations accrued prior to such termination and other than indemnification rights (arising out of events occurring prior to such termination), by written notice to the asset representations reviewer. The asset representations reviewer is required to bear all reasonable costs and expenses of each other party to the PSA in connection with its termination for cause.

 

Termination of the Asset Representations Reviewer Without Cause

 

Upon (i) the written direction of Certificateholders evidencing not less than 25% of the Voting Rights (without regard to the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts) requesting a vote to terminate and replace the asset representations reviewer with a proposed successor asset representations reviewer that is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer, and (ii) payment by such holders to the certificate administrator of the reasonable fees and expenses to be incurred by the certificate administrator in connection with administering such vote, the certificate administrator will promptly provide notice to all Certificateholders and the asset representations reviewer of such request by posting such notice on its internet website, and by mailing to all Certificateholders and the asset representations reviewer. Upon the written direction of Certificateholders evidencing at least 75% of a Certificateholder Quorum (without regard to the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts), the trustee will terminate all of the rights and obligations of the asset representations reviewer under the PSA (other than any rights or obligations that accrued prior to the date of such termination and other than indemnification rights (arising out of events occurring prior to such termination)) by written notice to the asset representations reviewer, and the proposed successor asset representations reviewer will be appointed.

 

In the event that holders of the certificates evidencing at least 75% of the Voting Rights elect to remove the asset representations reviewer without cause and appoint a successor, the successor asset representations reviewer will be responsible for all expenses necessary to effect the transfer of responsibilities from its predecessor.

 

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Resignation of Asset Representations Reviewer

 

The asset representations reviewer may at any time resign by giving written notice to the other parties to the PSA. In addition, the asset representations reviewer will at all times be, and will be required to resign if it fails to be, an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer by giving written notice to the other parties. Upon such notice of resignation, the depositor will be required to promptly appoint a successor asset representations reviewer that is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer. No resignation of the asset representations reviewer will be effective until a successor asset representations reviewer that is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer has been appointed and accepted the appointment. If no successor asset representations reviewer has been so appointed and accepted the appointment within 30 days after the notice of resignation, the resigning asset representations reviewer may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor asset representations reviewer that is an Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer. The resigning asset representations reviewer must pay all costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties.

 

Asset Representations Reviewer Compensation

 

Certain fees will be payable to the asset representations reviewer, and the asset representations reviewer will be entitled to be reimbursed for certain expenses, as described under “—Servicing and Other Compensation and Payment of Expenses”.

 

Replacement of the Special Servicer Without Cause

 

Except as limited by certain conditions described in this prospectus and subject to the rights of any related Companion Holder under a related Intercreditor Agreement, the special servicer may generally be replaced, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, at any time and without cause, by the Directing Certificateholder so long as, among other things, the Directing Certificateholder appoints a replacement special servicer that meets the requirements of the PSA, including that the trustee and the certificate administrator receive a Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency and confirmation from the applicable rating agencies that such replacement will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current ratings of any class of any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities and that such replacement special servicer may not be the asset representations reviewer or any of its affiliates. The reasonable fees and out-of-pocket expenses of any such termination incurred by the Directing Certificateholder without cause (including the costs of obtaining a Rating Agency Confirmation) will be paid by the holders of the Controlling Class.

 

After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event, upon (i) the written direction of holders of Principal Balance Certificates evidencing not less than 25% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances) of the Principal Balance Certificates requesting a vote to replace the special servicer with a new special servicer, (ii) payment by such holders to the certificate administrator of the reasonable fees and expenses (including any legal fees and any Rating Agency fees and expenses) to be incurred by the certificate administrator in connection with administering such vote (which fees and expenses will not be additional trust fund expenses), and (iii) delivery by such holders to the certificate administrator and the trustee of Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency (such Rating Agency Confirmation will be obtained at the expense of those holders of certificates requesting such vote) and confirmation from the applicable rating agencies that the contemplated appointment or replacement will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current ratings of any class of any

 

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related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities, the certificate administrator will be required to post notice of the same on the certificate administrator’s website and concurrently by mail and conduct the solicitation of votes of all certificates in such regard, which requisite affirmative votes must be received within 180 days of the posting of such notice. Upon the written direction of holders of Principal Balance Certificates evidencing at least 66-2/3% of a Certificateholder Quorum, the trustee will be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the special servicer under the PSA and appoint the successor special servicer (which must be a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer) designated by such Certificateholders, subject to indemnification, right to outstanding fees, reimbursement of Advances and other rights set forth in the PSA, which survive such termination. The certificate administrator will include on each Distribution Date Statement a statement that each Certificateholder may access such notices via the certificate administrator’s website and that each Certificateholder may register to receive electronic mail notifications when such notices are posted thereon.

 

A “Certificateholder Quorum“ means, in connection with any solicitation of votes in connection with the replacement of the special servicer or asset representations reviewer described above, the holders of certificates evidencing at least 50% of the aggregate Voting Rights (taking into account the application of Realized Losses and, other than with respect to the termination of the asset representations reviewer, the application of any Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balance of the certificates) of all Principal Balance Certificates on an aggregate basis.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the special servicer obtains knowledge that it has become a Borrower Party with respect to any Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan (any such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan, an “Excluded Special Servicer Loan“), the special servicer will be required to resign as special servicer of that Excluded Special Servicer Loan. Prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, if the applicable Excluded Special Servicer Loan is not also an Excluded Loan, the Directing Certificateholder will be required to select a successor special servicer that is not a Borrower Party in accordance with the terms of the PSA (the “Excluded Special Servicer“) for the related Excluded Special Servicer Loan. After the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event or if at any time the applicable Excluded Special Servicer Loan is also an Excluded Loan, the resigning special servicer will be required to use commercially reasonable efforts to appoint the Excluded Special Servicer. The special servicer will not have any liability with respect to the actions or inactions of the applicable Excluded Special Servicer or with respect to the identity of the applicable Excluded Special Servicer. It will be a condition to any such appointment that (i) the Rating Agencies confirm that the appointment would not result in a qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of any of their then-current ratings of the certificates and the equivalent from each NRSRO hired to provide ratings with respect to any class of securities backed, wholly or partially, by any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, (ii) the applicable Excluded Special Servicer is a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer and (iii) the applicable Excluded Special Servicer delivers to the depositor and the certificate administrator and any applicable depositor and certificate administrator of any other securitization, if applicable, that contains a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, the information, if any, required pursuant to Item 6.02 of the Form 8-K regarding itself in its role as Excluded Special Servicer.

 

If at any time the special servicer is no longer a Borrower Party with respect to an Excluded Special Servicer Loan (including, without limitation, as a result of the related Mortgaged Property becoming REO Property), (1) the related Excluded Special Servicer will be required to resign, (2) the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan will no longer be an Excluded Special Servicer Loan, (3) the special servicer will become the special

 

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servicer again for such related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan and (4) the special servicer will be entitled to all special servicing compensation with respect to such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan earned during such time on and after such Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan is no longer an Excluded Special Servicer Loan.

 

The applicable Excluded Special Servicer will be required to perform all of the obligations of the special servicer for the related Excluded Special Servicer Loan and will be entitled to all special servicing compensation with respect to such Excluded Special Servicer Loan earned during such time as the related Mortgage Loan or Serviced Whole Loan is an Excluded Special Servicer Loan (provided that the special servicer will remain entitled to all other special servicing compensation with respect to all Mortgage Loans and Serviced Whole Loans that are not Excluded Special Servicer Loans during such time).

 

A “Qualified Replacement Special Servicer“ is a replacement special servicer that (i) satisfies all of the eligibility requirements applicable to the special servicer in the PSA, (ii) is not the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer or an affiliate of the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer (and, if appointed by the Directing Certificateholder or with the approval of the requisite vote of certificateholders following the operating advisor’s recommendation to replace the special servicer as described in “—Replacement of Special Servicer After Operating Advisor Recommendation and Certificateholder Vote” below, is not the originally replaced special servicer or its affiliate), (iii) is not obligated to pay the operating advisor (x) any fees or otherwise compensate the operating advisor in respect of its obligations under the PSA, or (y) for the appointment of the successor special servicer or the recommendation by the operating advisor for the replacement special servicer to become the special servicer, (iv) is not entitled to receive any compensation from the operating advisor other than compensation that is not material and is unrelated to the operating advisor’s recommendation that such party be appointed as the replacement special servicer, (v) is not entitled to receive any fee from the operating advisor for its appointment as successor special servicer, in each case, unless expressly approved by 100% of the Certificateholders, (vi) currently has a special servicer rating of at least “CSS3” from Fitch, (vii) is currently acting as a special servicer in a commercial mortgage-backed securities transaction rated by Moody’s on a transaction-level basis (as to which a commercial mortgage-backed securities transaction there are outstanding a commercial mortgage-backed securities rated by Moody’s), and has not been publicly cited by Moody’s as having servicing concerns as the sole or a material factor in any qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings (or placement on “watch status” in contemplation of a rating downgrade or withdrawal) of securities in a transaction serviced by the applicable servicer prior to the time of determination and (viii) is currently acting as a special servicer in a transaction rated by KBRA and has not been publicly cited by KBRA as having servicing concerns as the sole or a material factor in any qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings (or placement on “watch status” in contemplation of a rating downgrade or withdrawal) of securities in a transaction serviced by the applicable servicer prior to the time of determination.

 

Replacement of the Special Servicer After Operating Advisor Recommendation and Certificateholder Vote

 

If the operating advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that (i) the special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the Servicing Standard and (ii) the replacement of the special servicer would be in the best interest of the certificateholders as a collective whole, then then the operating advisor will have the right to recommend the replacement of the special servicer. In such event, the operating advisor will be required to deliver to the trustee and the certificate administrator, with a copy to the special servicer, a written report detailing

 

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the reasons supporting its recommendation (along with relevant information justifying its recommendation) and recommending a suggested replacement special servicer (which must be a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer). The certificate administrator will be required to notify each Certificateholder of the recommendation and post it on the certificate administrator’s internet website, and to conduct the solicitation of votes with respect to such recommendation. Approval by the Certificateholders of such Qualified Replacement Special Servicer will not preclude the Directing Certificateholder from appointing a replacement, so long as such replacement is a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer and is not the originally replaced special servicer or its affiliate.

 

The operating advisor’s recommendation to replace the special servicer must be confirmed by an affirmative vote of holders of Certificates evidencing at least a majority of a quorum of Certificateholders (which, for this purpose, is the holders of Certificates that (i) evidence at least 20% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the respective Certificate Balances) of all Principal Balance Certificates on an aggregate basis, and (ii) consist of at least three Certificateholders or Certificate Owners that are not Risk Retention Affiliated with each other). In the event the holders of Principal Balance Certificates, evidencing at least a majority of a quorum of Certificateholders, elect to remove and replace the special servicer (which requisite affirmative votes must be received within 180 days of the posting of the notice of the operating advisor’s recommendation to replace the special servicer to the certificate administrator’s website), the certificate administrator will be required to receive a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies at that time, and confirmation from the applicable rating agencies that such replacement will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current ratings of any class of any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities. In the event the certificate administrator receives a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies (and the successor special servicer agrees to be bound by the terms of the PSA), the trustee will then be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the special servicer under the PSA and to appoint the successor special servicer approved by the holders of Certificates evidencing at least a majority of a quorum of Certificateholders, provided such successor special servicer is a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer, subject to the terminated special servicer’s rights to indemnification, payment of outstanding fees, reimbursement of Advances and other rights set forth in the PSA that survive termination. The reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable legal fees and expenses of outside counsel) associated with obtaining such Rating Agency Confirmations and administering the vote of the applicable holders of the Certificates and the operating advisor’s identification of a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer will be an additional trust fund expense.

 

In any case, the trustee will notify the outgoing special servicer promptly of the effective date of its termination. Any replacement special servicer recommended by the operating advisor must be a Qualified Replacement Special Servicer.

 

In the event the special servicer is terminated as a result of the recommendation of the operating advisor described in this “—Replacement of the Special Servicer After Operating Advisor Recommendation and Certificateholder Vote”, the Directing Holder may not subsequently reappoint as special servicer such terminated special servicer or any affiliate of such terminated special servicer.

 

No appointment of a special servicer will be effective until the depositor or the depositor for the securitization of a Companion Loan has filed any required Exchange Act filings related to the removal and replacement of the special servicer.

 

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With respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loans, the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer may be removed, and a successor special servicer appointed at any time by the related Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder (and not by the Directing Certificateholder for this transaction) to the extent set forth in the related Non-Serviced PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement for such Non-Serviced Whole Loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans”, “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans” and “—Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans” below.

 

Resignation of Master Servicer, Trustee, Certificate Administrator, Operating Advisor or Asset Representations Reviewer Upon Prohibited Risk Retention Affiliation

 

Upon the occurrence of (i) a servicing officer of the master servicer or a responsible officer of the certificate administrator or the trustee, as applicable, obtaining actual knowledge that the master servicer, the certificate administrator or the trustee, as applicable, is or has become Risk Retention Affiliated with or a Risk Retention Affiliate of the Third-Party Purchaser (in such case, an “Impermissible TPP Affiliate”), or (ii) the operating advisor or the asset representations reviewer becoming Risk Retention Affiliated with or a Risk Retention Affiliate of the Third-Party Purchaser or any other party to the PSA (other than the operating advisor and asset representations reviewer) (such operating advisor or asset representations reviewer together with an Impermissible TPP Affiliate, an “Impermissible Risk Retention Affiliate”), then, in each case, such Impermissible Risk Retention Affiliate is required to promptly notify the Sponsors and the other parties to the PSA and resign in accordance with the terms of the PSA. The resigning Impermissible Risk Retention Affiliate will be required to bear all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses of each other party to the PSA, the issuing entity and each Rating Agency in connection with such resignation as and to the extent required under the PSA, provided however, if the affiliation causing an Impermissible Risk Retention Affiliate is the result of the Third-Party Purchaser acquiring an interest in such Impermissible Risk Retention Affiliate or an affiliate of such Impermissible Risk Retention Affiliate, then such costs and expenses will be an expense of the issuing entity.

 

Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause

 

Servicer Termination Events

 

A “Servicer Termination Event“ under the PSA with respect to the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, will include, without limitation:

 

(a)       (i) any failure by the master servicer to make a deposit required to be made by the master servicer to the Collection Account or remit to the companion paying agent for deposit into the Companion Distribution Account on the day and by the time such deposit or remittance was first required to be made, which failure is not remedied within one business day, or (ii) any failure by the master servicer to deposit into, or remit to the certificate administrator for deposit into, the Distribution Account any amount required to be so deposited or remitted, which failure is not remedied by 11:00 a.m. New York City time on the relevant Distribution Date;

 

(b)       any failure by the special servicer to deposit into the applicable REO Account within one business day after the day such deposit is required to be made, or to remit to the master servicer for deposit in the Collection Account, or any other account required under the PSA, any such deposit or remittance required to be made by the special servicer pursuant to, and at the time specified by, the PSA;

 

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(c)       any failure by the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, duly to observe or perform in any material respect any of its other covenants or obligations under the PSA, which failure continues unremedied for 30 days (or (i) with respect to any year that a report on Form 10-K is required to be filed, 5 business days in the case of the master servicer’s or special servicer’s obligations, as the case may be, under the PSA in respect of Exchange Act reporting items (after any applicable grace periods), (ii) 15 days in the case of the master servicer’s failure to make a Servicing Advance or (iii) 15 days in the case of a failure to pay the premium for any property insurance policy required to be maintained under the PSA) after written notice of the failure has been given (A) to the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, by any other party to the PSA, or (B) to the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, with a copy to each other party to the related PSA, by Certificateholders evidencing not less than 25% of all Voting Rights or, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan if affected by that failure, by the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan; provided, however, that if that failure is capable of being cured and the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, is diligently pursuing that cure, such period will be extended an additional 30 days; provided, further, however, that such extended period will not apply to the obligations regarding Exchange Act reporting;

 

(d)       any breach on the part of the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, of any representation or warranty in the PSA that materially and adversely affects the interests of any class of Certificateholders or holders of any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan and that continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which notice of that breach, requiring the same to be remedied, will have been given to the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, by the depositor, the certificate administrator or the trustee, or to the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, the certificate administrator and the trustee by the Certificateholders evidencing not less than 25% of Voting Rights or, with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan affected by such breach, by the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan; provided, however, that if that breach is capable of being cured and the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, is diligently pursuing that cure, that 30-day period will be extended an additional 30 days;

 

(e)       certain events of insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings in respect of or relating to the master servicer or special servicer, and certain actions by or on behalf of the master servicer or special servicer indicating its insolvency or inability to pay its obligations;

 

(f)       either Moody’s or KBRA (or, in the case of Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities, any Companion Loan Rating Agency) (i) has qualified, downgraded or withdrawn its rating or ratings of one or more classes of certificates (or Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities, as applicable), or (ii) has placed one or more classes of certificates (or Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities, as applicable) on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal (and in the case of clause (i) or (ii), such action has not been withdrawn by Moody’s or KBRA, as applicable (or, in the case of Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities, any Companion Loan Rating Agency), within 60 days of such rating action) and, in the case of either of clauses (i) or (ii), such Rating Agency publicly cited servicing concerns with the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, as the sole or a material factor in such rating action; or

 

(g)       the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, is no longer rated at least “CMS3” or “CSS3”, respectively, by Fitch and such master servicer or special servicer is not reinstated to at least that rating within 60 days of the delisting.

 

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Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities“ means, for so long as the related Mortgage Loan or any successor REO Loan is part of the Mortgage Pool, any class of securities issued by another securitization and backed by a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan.

 

Rights Upon Servicer Termination Event

 

If a Servicer Termination Event occurs with respect to the master servicer or the special servicer under the PSA, then, so long as the Servicer Termination Event remains unremedied, the depositor or the trustee will be authorized, and at the written direction of Certificateholders entitled to more than 25% of the Voting Rights or, for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Certificateholder (solely with respect to the special servicer and other than with respect to an Excluded Loan), the trustee will be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the defaulting party as master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be (other than certain rights in respect of indemnification and certain items of servicing compensation), under the PSA. The trustee will then succeed to all of the responsibilities, duties and liabilities of the defaulting party as master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, under the PSA and will be entitled to similar compensation arrangements. If the trustee is unwilling or unable to so act, it may (or, at the written request of Certificateholders entitled to a majority of the Voting Rights, or, for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing and other than in respect of an Excluded Loan, the Directing Certificateholder, it will be required to) appoint, or petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint, a mortgage loan servicing institution, subject to the trustee’s receipt of a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies and confirmation (or deemed confirmation) from the applicable rating agencies that such appointment (or replacement) will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current ratings of any class of any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities and, with respect to a successor special servicer, for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, that has been approved by the Directing Certificateholder, which approval may not be unreasonably withheld. In addition, none of the asset representations reviewer, the operating advisor and their respective affiliates may be appointed as a successor master servicer or special servicer.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the section above, if a Servicer Termination Event on the part of the special servicer remains unremedied and affects the holder of a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, and the special servicer has not otherwise been terminated, the holder of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (or, if applicable, the related trustee, acting at the direction of the related directing certificateholder (or similar entity)) will be entitled to direct the trustee to terminate the special servicer solely with respect to the related Serviced Whole Loan. The appointment (or replacement) of the special servicer with respect to a Serviced Whole Loan will in any event be subject to Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency and confirmation from the applicable rating agencies that such appointment (or replacement) will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current ratings of any class of any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities. A replacement special servicer with respect to the related Serviced Whole Loan will be selected by the trustee or, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Consultation Termination Event, by the Directing Certificateholder; provided, however, that any successor special servicer appointed to replace the special servicer with respect to a Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan cannot at any time be the person (or an affiliate of such person) that was terminated at the direction of the holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, without the prior written consent of such holder of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan.

 

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Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the section above, if a servicer termination event on the part of a Non-Serviced Special Servicer remains unremedied and affects the issuing entity, and such Non-Serviced Special Servicer has not otherwise been terminated, the trustee, acting at the direction of the Directing Certificateholder, will generally be entitled to direct the related Non-Serviced Trustee to terminate such Non-Serviced Special Servicer, solely with respect to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan(s), and a successor will be appointed in accordance with the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

In addition, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the section described above, if the master servicer receives notice of termination solely due to a Servicer Termination Event described in clause (f) or (g) under “—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events” above, and prior to being replaced as described in the third preceding paragraph, the master servicer will have 45 days after receipt of the notice of termination to find, and sell its rights and obligations to, a successor master servicer that meets the requirements of the master servicer under the PSA; provided that the Rating Agencies have each provided a Rating Agency Confirmation and the Companion Loan Securities Rating Agencies have provided a confirmation (or deemed confirmation) from the applicable rating agencies that such sale will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current ratings of any class of any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities. The termination of the master servicer will be effective when such successor master servicer has succeeded the terminated master servicer, as successor master servicer and such successor master servicer has assumed the terminated master servicer’s servicing obligations and responsibilities under the PSA. If a successor has not entered into the PSA as successor master servicer within 45 days after notice of the termination of the master servicer, the master servicer will be replaced by the trustee as described above.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, (1) if any Servicer Termination Event on the part of the master servicer affects a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, the related holder of a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan or the rating on any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities, and if the master servicer is not otherwise terminated, or (2) if a Servicer Termination Event on the part of the master servicer affects only a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, the related holder of a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan or the rating on any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities, then the master servicer may not be terminated by or at the direction of the related holder of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan or the holders of any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities, but upon the written direction of the related holder of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, the master servicer will be required to appoint a sub-servicer that will be responsible for servicing the related Serviced Whole Loan.

 

Further, if replaced as a result of a Servicer Termination Event, the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, will be responsible for the costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties.

 

Waiver of Servicer Termination Event

 

The Certificateholders representing at least 66-2/3% of the Voting Rights allocated to certificates affected by any Servicer Termination Event may waive such Servicer Termination Event; provided, however, that a Servicer Termination Event under clause (a), (b) or (f) of the definition of “Servicer Termination Event” may be waived only with the consent of all of the Certificateholders of the affected classes and a Servicer Termination Event under clause (c) of the definition of “Servicer Termination Event” relating to Exchange Act reporting may be waived only with the consent of the depositor. Upon any such waiver of a Servicer Termination Event, such Servicer Termination Event will cease to exist and will

 

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be deemed to have been remedied. Upon any such waiver of a Servicer Termination Event by Certificateholders, the trustee and the certificate administrator will be entitled to recover all costs and expenses incurred by it in connection with enforcement actions taken with respect to such Servicer Termination Event prior to such waiver from the issuing entity.

 

Resignation of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer

 

The PSA permits the master servicer and the special servicer to resign from their respective obligations only upon (a) the appointment of, and the acceptance of the appointment by, a successor (which may be appointed by the resigning master servicer or special servicer, as applicable) and receipt by the certificate administrator and the trustee of a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies and confirmation of the applicable rating agencies that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities (provided that such rating agency confirmation may be considered satisfied in the same manner as any Rating Agency Confirmation required under the PSA may be considered satisfied with respect to the certificates as described in this prospectus); and, as to the special servicer only, for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the approval of such successor by the Directing Certificateholder, which approval will not be unreasonably withheld or (b) a determination that their respective obligations are no longer permissible with respect to the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, under applicable law. In the event that the master servicer or special servicer resigns as a result of the determination that their respective obligations are no longer permissible under applicable law, the trustee will then succeed to all of the responsibilities, duties and liabilities of the defaulting party as master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, under the PSA and will be entitled to similar compensation arrangements. If the trustee is unwilling or unable to so act, it may appoint, or petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint, a mortgage loan servicing institution, subject to the trustee’s receipt of a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies and, with respect to a successor special servicer, for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, which has been approved by the Directing Certificateholder, which approval may not be unreasonably withheld.

 

No resignation will become effective until the trustee or other successor has assumed the obligations and duties of the resigning master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, under the PSA. Further, the resigning master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, must pay all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties. Other than as described under “—Termination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer for Cause—Servicer Termination Events” above, in no event will the master servicer or the special servicer have the right to appoint any successor master servicer or special servicer if the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, is terminated or removed pursuant to the PSA. In addition, the PSA will prohibit the appointment of the asset representations reviewer, the operating advisor or one of their respective affiliates as successor to the master servicer or special servicer.

 

Limitation on Liability; Indemnification

 

The PSA will provide that none of the master servicer (including in any capacity as the paying agent for any Companion Loan), the special servicer, the depositor, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer or any partner, shareholder, member, manager, director, officer, employee or agent of any of them will be under any liability to the issuing entity, Certificateholders or holders of the related Companion Loan, as applicable, for any action taken, or not taken, in good faith pursuant to the PSA or for errors in judgment; provided, however, that none of the master servicer (including in any capacity as the paying

 

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agent for any Serviced Companion Loan), the special servicer, the depositor, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer or similar person will be protected against any breach of a representation or warranty made by such party, as applicable, in the PSA or any liability that would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in the performance of such party’s obligations or duties under the PSA or by reason of negligent disregard of such obligations and duties. For the purposes of indemnification of the master servicer or the special servicer and limitation of liability, the master servicer or special servicer will be deemed not to have engaged in willful misconduct or committed bad faith or negligence in the performance of its respective obligations and duties under the PSA or acted in negligent disregard of such obligations and duties if the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, fails to follow the terms of the Mortgage Loan documents because the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, determines that compliance with any Mortgage Loan documents would or potentially would (i) cause any Trust REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC, (ii) cause the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust under the relevant provisions of the Code or (iii) cause a tax to be imposed on the trust or any Trust REMIC under the relevant provisions of the Code (for any such determination in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii), the master servicer and special servicer will be entitled to rely on advice of counsel, the cost of which will be reimbursed as an additional trust fund expense). The PSA will also provide that the master servicer, (including in any capacity as the paying agent for any Serviced Companion Loan), the special servicer, the depositor, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer and their respective affiliates and any partner, shareholder, member, manager, director, officer, employee or agent of any of them will be entitled to indemnification by the issuing entity against any claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, reasonable legal fees and related costs, judgments, and other costs, liabilities, fees and expenses (including, without limitation, costs and expenses of litigation and of enforcement of this indemnity, and of investigation, counsel fees, damages, judgments and amounts paid in settlement) incurred in connection with any actual or threatened legal or administrative action or claim that relates to the PSA, the Mortgage Loans, any related Serviced Companion Loan, the issuing entity or the certificates; provided, however, that the indemnification will not extend to any loss, liability or expense specifically required to be borne by such party pursuant to the terms the PSA, incurred in connection with any breach of a representation or warranty made by such party, as applicable, in the PSA or incurred by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in the performance of such party’s obligations or duties under the PSA, by reason of negligent disregard of such party’s obligations or duties, or in the case of the depositor and any of its partners, shareholders, directors, officers, members, managers, employees and agents, any violation by any of them of any state or federal securities law. In addition, absent actual fraud (as determined by a final non-appealable court order), neither the trustee nor the certificate administrator (including its capacity as custodian) will be liable for special, punitive, indirect or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the trustee or the certificate administrator has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.

 

The PSA will also provide that any master servicer, depositor, special servicer, operating advisor (or the equivalent), asset representations reviewer, paying agent, certificate administrator or trustee under any Non-Serviced PSA with respect to a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and any partner, director, officer, shareholder, member, manager, employee or agent of any of them will be entitled to indemnification by the issuing entity and held harmless against the issuing entity’s pro rata share (subject to the applicable Intercreditor Agreement) of any and all claims, losses, penalties, fines, forfeitures, legal fees and related costs, judgments and any other costs, liabilities, fees and expenses incurred in connection with servicing and administration of such Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and the related

 

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Mortgaged Property (as and to the same extent the securitization trust formed under the related Non-Serviced PSA is required to indemnify such parties in respect of other mortgage loans in the securitization trust formed under the related Non-Serviced PSA pursuant to the terms of such Non-Serviced PSA).

 

In addition, the PSA will provide that none of the master servicer (including in any capacity as the paying agent for any Companion Loan), the special servicer, the depositor, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer will be under any obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any legal or administrative action, proceeding, hearing or examination that is not incidental to its respective responsibilities under the PSA or that in its opinion may involve it in any expense or liability not recoverable from the issuing entity. However, each of the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, the operating advisor and the asset representations reviewer will be permitted, in the exercise of its discretion, to undertake any action, proceeding, hearing or examination that it may deem necessary or desirable with respect to the enforcement and/or protection of the rights and duties of the parties to the PSA and the interests of the Certificateholders (and, in the case of a Serviced Whole Loan, the rights of the Certificateholders and the holders of the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan (as a collective whole), taking into account the pari passu nature of such Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan) under the PSA; provided, however, that if a Serviced Whole Loan and/or the holder of the related Companion Loan are involved, such expenses, costs and liabilities will be payable out of funds related to such Serviced Whole Loan in accordance with the related Intercreditor Agreement and will also be payable out of the other funds in the Collection Account if amounts on deposit with respect to such Serviced Whole Loan are insufficient therefor under the PSA. If any such expenses, costs or liabilities relate to a Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, then any subsequent recovery on that Mortgage Loan or Companion Loan, as applicable, will be used to reimburse the issuing entity for any amounts advanced for the payment of such expenses, costs or liabilities. In that event, the legal expenses and costs of the action, proceeding, hearing or examination and any liability resulting therefrom, will be expenses, costs and liabilities of the issuing entity, and the master servicer (including in its capacity as the paying agent for any Companion Loan), the special servicer, the depositor, the asset representations reviewer or the operating advisor, as the case may be, will be entitled to be reimbursed out of the Collection Account for the expenses.

 

Pursuant to the PSA, the master servicer and the special servicer will each be required to maintain a fidelity bond and errors and omissions policy or their equivalent with a qualified insurer that provides coverage against losses that may be sustained as a result of an officer’s or employee’s misappropriation of funds or errors and omissions, subject to certain limitations as to amount of coverage, deductible amounts, conditions, exclusions and exceptions permitted by the PSA. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the master servicer and special servicer will be allowed to self-insure with respect to an errors and omissions policy and a fidelity bond so long as certain conditions set forth in the PSA are met.

 

Any person into which the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, operating advisor, or asset representations reviewer may be merged or consolidated, or any person resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer is a party, or any person succeeding to the business of the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer, will be the successor of the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, operating advisor or asset representations reviewer, as the case may be, under the PSA, subject to certain conditions set forth in the PSA. The master servicer, the special servicer, the operating advisor and

 

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the asset representations reviewer may have other normal business relationships with the depositor or the depositor’s affiliates.

 

The trustee and the certificate administrator make no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of the PSA (other than as to it being a valid obligation of the trustee and the certificate administrator), the certificates, the Mortgage Loans, this prospectus (other than as to the accuracy of the information provided by the trustee and the certificate administrator as set forth above) or any related documents and will not be accountable for the use or application by the depositor of any of the certificates issued to it or of the proceeds of such certificates, or for the use or application of any funds paid to the depositor in respect of the assignment of the Mortgage Loans to the issuing entity, or any funds deposited in or withdrawn from the Collection Account or any other account by or on behalf of the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer or, in the case of the trustee, the certificate administrator. The PSA provides that no provision of such agreement will be construed to relieve the trustee and the certificate administrator from liability for their own negligent action, their own negligent failure to act or their own willful misconduct or bad faith.

 

The PSA provides that neither the trustee nor the certificate administrator, as applicable, will be liable for an error of judgment made in good faith by a responsible officer of the trustee or the certificate administrator, unless it is proven that the trustee or the certificate administrator, as applicable, was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts. In addition, neither the trustee nor the certificate administrator, as applicable, will be liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of holders of certificates entitled to greater than 25% of the percentage interest of each affected class, or of the aggregate Voting Rights of the certificates, relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee and the certificate administrator, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the trustee and the certificate administrator, under the PSA (unless a higher percentage of Voting Rights is required for such action).

 

The trustee and the certificate administrator and any director, officer, employee, representative or agent of the trustee and the certificate administrator, will be entitled to indemnification by the issuing entity, to the extent of amounts held in the Collection Account or the Lower-Tier REMIC Distribution Account from time to time, for any loss, liability, damages, claims or unanticipated expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs of enforcement and expenses) arising out of or incurred by the trustee or the certificate administrator in connection with their participation in the transaction and any act or omission of the trustee or the certificate administrator relating to the exercise and performance of any of the powers and duties of the trustee and the certificate administrator (including in any capacities in which they serve, e.g., paying agent, REMIC administrator, authenticating agent, custodian, certificate registrar and 17g-5 Information Provider) under the PSA. However, the indemnification will not extend to any loss, liability or expense that constitutes a specific liability imposed on the trustee or the certificate administrator pursuant to the PSA, or to any loss, liability or expense incurred by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence on the part of the trustee or the certificate administrator in the performance of their obligations and duties under the PSA, or by reason of their negligent disregard of those obligations or duties, or as may arise from a breach of any representation or warranty of the trustee or the certificate administrator made in the PSA.

 

The rights and protections afforded to the trustee and the certificate administrator as set forth above and under the PSA will also apply in addition to each other capacity in which it serves under the PSA.

 

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Enforcement of Mortgage Loan Seller’s Obligations Under the MLPA

 

In the event any party to the PSA receives a request or demand from a Requesting Certificateholder to the effect that a Mortgage Loan should be repurchased or replaced due to a Material Defect, or if such party to the PSA determines that a Mortgage Loan should be repurchased or replaced due to a Material Defect, that party to the PSA will be required to promptly forward such request or demand to the master servicer and the special servicer, and the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, will be required to promptly forward it to the related mortgage loan seller. The Enforcing Servicer will be required to enforce the obligations of the mortgage loan sellers under the MLPAs pursuant to the terms of the PSA and the MLPAs. These obligations include obligations resulting from a Material Defect. Subject to the provisions of the applicable MLPA relating to the dispute resolutions as described under “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements—Dispute Resolution Provisions”, such enforcement, including, without limitation, the legal prosecution of claims, if any, will be required to be carried out in accordance with the Servicing Standard.

 

Within 45 days after receipt of an Asset Review Report with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the Enforcing Servicer will be required to determine, based on the Servicing Standard, whether there exists a Material Defect with respect to such Mortgage Loan. If the Enforcing Servicer determines that a Material Defect exists, the Enforcing Servicer will be required to enforce the obligations of the applicable mortgage loan seller under the MLPA with respect to such Material Defect as discussed in the preceding paragraph. See “—The Asset Representations Reviewer—Asset Review” above.

 

Any costs incurred by the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, with respect to the enforcement of the obligations of a mortgage loan seller under the applicable MLPA will be deemed to be Servicing Advances, to the extent not recovered from the mortgage loan seller or the Requesting Certificateholder. See “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements—Dispute Resolution Provisions”.

 

Dispute Resolution Provisions

 

Certificateholder’s Rights When a Repurchase Request Is Initially Delivered by a Certificateholder

 

In the event an Initial Requesting Certificateholder delivers a written request to a party to the PSA that a Mortgage Loan be repurchased by the applicable mortgage loan seller alleging the existence of a Material Defect with respect to such Mortgage Loan and setting forth the basis for such allegation (a “Certificateholder Repurchase Request“), the receiving party will be required to promptly forward that Certificateholder Repurchase Request to the master servicer and the special servicer. The Enforcing Servicer will then be required to promptly forward it to the applicable mortgage loan seller and each other party to the PSA. An “Initial Requesting Certificateholder“ is the first Certificateholder or Certificate Owner to deliver a Certificateholder Repurchase Request as described above with respect to a Mortgage Loan, and there may not be more than one Initial Requesting Certificateholder with respect to any Mortgage Loan. Subject to the provisions described below under this heading “—Dispute Resolution Provisions”, the Enforcing Servicer will be the Enforcing Party with respect to the Certificateholder Repurchase Request.

 

The “Enforcing Servicer“ will be (a) with respect to a Specially Serviced Loan, the special servicer, and (b) with respect to a non-Specially Serviced Loan, (i) in the case of a Repurchase Request made by special servicer, the Directing Certificateholder or a Controlling Class Certificateholder, the master servicer, and (ii) in the case of a Repurchase

 

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Request made by any person other than the special servicer, the Directing Certificateholder or a Controlling Class Certificateholder, (A) prior to the Resolution Failure relating to such non-Specially Serviced Loan, the master servicer, and (B) from and after a Resolution Failure relating to such non-Specially Serviced Loan, the special servicer.

 

An “Enforcing Party“ is the person obligated to, or that elects pursuant to the terms of the PSA to, enforce the rights of the issuing entity against the related mortgage loan seller with respect to a Repurchase Request.

 

Repurchase Request Delivered by a Party to the PSA

 

In the event that the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor (solely in its capacity as operating advisor) or the Directing Certificateholder for this securitization has knowledge of a Material Defect with respect to a Mortgage Loan, that party will be required to deliver prompt written notice of such Material Defect to each other party to the PSA and the applicable mortgage loan seller, identifying the applicable Mortgage Loan and setting forth the basis for such allegation (a “PSA Party Repurchase Request“ and, each of a Certificateholder Repurchase Request or a PSA Party Repurchase Request, a “Repurchase Request“), and the Enforcing Servicer will be required to promptly send the PSA Party Repurchase Request to the related mortgage loan seller. The Enforcing Servicer will be required to act as the Enforcing Party and enforce the rights of the issuing entity against the related mortgage loan seller with respect to the PSA Party Repurchase Request. However, if a Resolution Failure occurs with respect to the PSA Party Repurchase Request, the provisions described below under “—Resolution of a Repurchase Request” will apply.

 

In the event the Repurchase Request is not Resolved within 180 days after the mortgage loan seller receives the Repurchase Request (a “Resolution Failure“), then the provisions described below under “—Resolution of a Repurchase Request” will apply. Receipt of the Repurchase Request will be deemed to occur 2 business days after the Repurchase Request is sent to the related mortgage loan seller. A Resolved Repurchase Request will not preclude the master servicer (in the case of non-Specially Serviced Loans) or the special servicer (in the case of Specially Serviced Loans) from exercising any of their respective rights related to a Material Defect in the manner and timing otherwise set forth in the PSA, in the related MLPA or as provided by law. “Resolved“ means, with respect to a Repurchase Request, (i) that the related Material Defect has been cured, (ii) the related Mortgage Loan has been repurchased in accordance with the related MLPA, (iii) a mortgage loan has been substituted for the related Mortgage Loan in accordance with the related MLPA, (iv) the applicable mortgage loan seller makes a Loss of Value Payment, (v) a contractually binding agreement is entered into between the Enforcing Servicer, on behalf of the issuing entity, and the related mortgage loan seller that settles the related mortgage loan seller’s obligations under the related MLPA or (vi) the related Mortgage Loan is no longer property of the issuing entity as a result of a sale or other disposition in accordance with the PSA.

 

Resolution of a Repurchase Request

 

Within 2 business days after a Resolution Failure occurs with respect to a Repurchase Request made by any person other than the special servicer, the Directing Certificateholder or a Controlling Class Certificateholder relating to a related non-Specially Serviced Loan, the master servicer will be required to send a written notice (a “Master Servicer Proposed Course of Action Notice”) to the special servicer, indicating such master servicer’s analysis and recommended course of action with respect to such Repurchase Request. The master servicer will also be required to deliver to the special servicer the servicing file and all information, documents and records (including records stored electronically on computer

 

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tapes, magnetic discs and the like) relating to such non-Specially Serviced Loan and, if applicable, the related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan, either in such master servicer’s possession or otherwise reasonably available to the such master servicer, and reasonably requested by the special servicer to enable it to assume its duties under the PSA to the extent set forth in the PSA for such non-Specially Serviced Loan. Upon receipt of such Master Servicer Proposed Course of Action Notice and such servicing file and other material, the special servicer will become the Enforcing Servicer with respect to such Repurchase Request.

 

After a Resolution Failure occurs with respect to a Repurchase Request regarding a Mortgage Loan (whether the Repurchase Request was initiated by an Initial Requesting Certificateholder, a party to the PSA or the Directing Certificateholder), and, if applicable, after the master servicer sends the Master Servicer Proposed Course of Action Notice (as defined below), the Enforcing Servicer will be required to send a notice (a “Proposed Course of Action Notice“) to the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, at the address specified in the Initial Requesting Certificateholder’s Repurchase Request, and to the certificate administrator, indicating the Enforcing Servicer’s intended course of action with respect to the Repurchase Request (a “Proposed Course of Action“). The certificate administrator will be required to make the Proposed Course of Action Notice available to all other Certificateholders and Certificate Owners (by posting such notice on the certificate administrator’s website). The Proposed Course of Action Notice will be required to include (a) a request to Certificateholders to indicate their agreement with or dissent from such Proposed Course of Action, by clearly marking “agree” or “disagree” to the Proposed Course of Action on such notice within 30 days after the date of such notice and a disclaimer that responses received after such 30-day period will not be taken into consideration, (b) a statement that if any Certificateholder disagrees with the Proposed Course of Action, the Enforcing Servicer will be compelled to follow (either as the Enforcing Party or as the Enforcing Servicer in circumstances where a Certificateholder is acting as the Enforcing Party) the course of action agreed to and/or proposed by the majority of the responding Certificateholders that involves referring the matter to mediation or arbitration, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures described below relating to the delivery of Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notices and Final Dispute Resolution Election Notices, (c) a statement that the responding Certificateholders will be required to certify their holdings in connection with such response, (d) a statement that only responses clearly marked “agree” or “disagree” with such Proposed Course of Action will be taken into consideration and (e) instructions for the responding Certificateholders to send their responses to the Enforcing Servicer and the certificate administrator.

 

Within 15 business days after the expiration of the 30-day response period, the certificate administrator will be required to tabulate the responses received from the Certificateholders and share the results with the Enforcing Servicer. The certificate administrator will only count responses timely received and clearly indicating agreement or dissent with the related Proposed Course of Action and additional verbiage or qualifying language will not be taken into consideration for purposes of determining whether the related Certificateholder agrees or disagrees with the Proposed Course of Action. The certificate administrator will be under no obligation to answer any questions from the Certificateholders regarding such Proposed Course of Action. For the avoidance of doubt, the certificate administrator’s obligations in connection with this heading “—Resolution of a Repurchase Request” will be limited solely to tabulating the Certificateholders’ responses of “agree” or “disagree” to the Proposed Course of Action, and such obligation will not be construed to impose any enforcement obligation on the certificate administrator. The Enforcing Servicer may conclusively rely (without investigation) on the certificate administrator’s tabulation of the responses of the responding Certificateholders. If (a) the

 

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Enforcing Servicer’s intended course of action with respect to the Repurchase Request does not involve pursuing further action to exercise rights against the related mortgage loan seller with respect to the Repurchase Request and the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, or any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner wishes to exercise its right to refer the matter to mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration, as discussed below under “—Mediation and Arbitration Provisions”, or (b) the Enforcing Servicer’s intended course of action is to pursue further action to exercise rights against the related mortgage loan seller with respect to the Repurchase Request but the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, or any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner does not agree with the dispute resolution method selected by the Enforcing Servicer, then the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, or such other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner may deliver to the Enforcing Servicer a written notice (a “Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice“) within 30 days after the date the Proposed Course of Action Notice is posted on the certificate administrator’s website (the “Dispute Resolution Cut-off Date“) indicating its intent to exercise its right to refer the matter to either mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration. In the event that (a) the Enforcing Servicer’s initial Proposed Course of Action indicated a recommendation to undertake mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration, (b) any Certificateholder or Certificate Owner delivers a Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice and (c) the Enforcing Servicer also received responses from other Certificateholders or Certificate Owners supporting the Enforcing Servicer’s initial Proposed Course of Action indicating a recommendation to undertake mediation or arbitration, such additional responses from other Certificateholders or Certificate Owners will also be considered Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notices supporting such Proposed Course of Action for purposes of determining the course of action approved by the majority of responding Certificateholders.

 

If neither the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, nor any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner delivers a Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice prior to the Dispute Resolution Cut-off Date, no Certificateholder or Certificate Owner will have the right to refer the Repurchase Request to mediation or arbitration, and the Enforcing Servicer, as the Enforcing Party, will be the sole party entitled to determine a course of action, including, but not limited to, enforcing the issuing entity’s rights against the related mortgage loan seller, subject to any consent or consultation rights of the Directing Certificateholder.

 

Promptly and in any event within 10 business days following receipt of a Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice from (i) the Initial Requesting Certificateholder, if any, or (ii) any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner (each of clauses (i) and (ii), a “Requesting Certificateholder“), the Enforcing Servicer will be required to consult with each Requesting Certificateholder regarding such Requesting Certificateholder’s intention to elect either mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration as the dispute resolution method with respect to the Repurchase Request (the “Dispute Resolution Consultation“) so that such Requesting Certificateholder may consider the views of the Enforcing Servicer as to the claims underlying the Repurchase Request and possible dispute resolution methods, such discussions to occur and be completed no later than 10 business days following the Dispute Resolution Cut-off Date. The Enforcing Servicer will be entitled to establish procedures the Enforcing Servicer deems in good faith to be in accordance with the Servicing Standard relating to the timing and extent of such consultations. No later than 5 business days after completion of the Dispute Resolution Consultation, a Requesting Certificateholder may provide a final notice to the Enforcing Servicer indicating its decision to exercise its right to refer the matter to either mediation or arbitration (“Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice“).

 

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If, following the Dispute Resolution Consultation, no Requesting Certificateholder timely delivers a Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice to the Enforcing Servicer, then the Enforcing Servicer will continue to act as the Enforcing Party and remain obligated under the PSA to determine a course of action, including, but not limited to, enforcing the rights of the issuing entity with respect to the Repurchase Request and no Certificateholder or Certificate Owner will have any further right to elect to refer the matter to mediation or arbitration.

 

If a Requesting Certificateholder timely delivers a Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice to the Enforcing Servicer, then such Requesting Certificateholder will become the Enforcing Party and must promptly submit the matter to mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration. If there is more than one Requesting Certificateholder that timely deliver a Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice, then such Requesting Certificateholders will collectively become the Enforcing Party, and the holder or holders of a majority of the Voting Rights among such Requesting Certificateholders will be entitled to make all decisions relating to such mediation or arbitration (including whether to refer the matter to mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration. If, however, no Requesting Certificateholder commences arbitration or mediation pursuant to the terms of the PSA within 30 days after delivery of its Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice to the Enforcing Servicer, then (i) the rights of a Requesting Certificateholder to act as the Enforcing Party will terminate and no Certificateholder or Certificate Owner will have any further right to elect to refer the matter to mediation or arbitration, (ii) if the Proposed Course of Action Notice indicated that the Enforcing Servicer will take no further action with respect to the Repurchase Request, then the related Material Defect will be deemed waived for all purposes under the PSA and related MLPA; provided, however, that such Material Defect will not be deemed waived with respect to a Requesting Certificateholder, any other Certificateholder or Certificate Owner or the Enforcing Servicer to the extent there is a material change in the facts and circumstances known to such party at the time when the Proposed Course of Action Notice was delivered to the Enforcing Servicer and (iii) if the Proposed Course of Action Notice had indicated a course of action other than the course of action under clause (ii), then the Enforcing Servicer will again become the Enforcing Party and, as such, will be the sole party entitled to enforce the issuing entity’s rights against the related mortgage loan seller.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the dispute resolution provisions described under this heading “—Resolution of a Repurchase Request” will not apply, and the Enforcing Servicer will remain the Enforcing Party, if the Enforcing Servicer has commenced litigation with respect to the Repurchase Request, or determines in accordance with the Servicing Standard that it is in the best interest of Certificateholders to commence litigation with respect to the Repurchase Request to avoid the running of any applicable statute of limitations.

 

In the event a Requesting Certificateholder becomes the Enforcing Party, the Enforcing Servicer, on behalf of the issuing entity, will remain a party to any proceedings against the related mortgage loan seller as further described below. For the avoidance of doubt, none of the depositor, the mortgage loan seller(s) with respect to the subject mortgage loan or any of their respective affiliates (other than the special servicer or a Controlling Class Certificateholder) will be entitled to be an Initial Requesting Certificateholder or a Requesting Certificateholder or to act as a Certificateholder for purposes of delivering any Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice or Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice or otherwise to vote Certificates owned by it or such affiliate(s) with respect to a course of action proposed or undertaken pursuant to the procedures described under this “—Dispute Resolution Provisions” heading.

 

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Subject to the other provisions of this section, the Requesting Certificateholder is entitled to elect either mediation or arbitration in its sole discretion; however, the Requesting Certificateholder may not elect to then utilize the alternative method in the event that the initial method is unsuccessful.

 

Mediation and Arbitration Provisions

 

If the Enforcing Party elects mediation (including nonbinding arbitration) or arbitration, the mediation or arbitration will be administered by a nationally recognized arbitration or mediation organization selected by the related mortgage loan seller within thirty (30) days of written notice of the Enforcing Party’s selection of mediation or arbitration, as applicable. A single mediator or arbitrator will be selected by the mediation or arbitration organization from a list of neutrals maintained by it according to its mediation or arbitration rules then in effect. The mediator or arbitrator must be impartial, an attorney admitted to practice in the State of New York and have at least 15 years of experience in commercial litigation and, if possible, commercial real estate finance or commercial mortgage-backed securitization matters.

 

The expenses of any mediation will be allocated among the parties to the mediation, including, if applicable, between the Enforcing Party and Enforcing Servicer, as mutually agreed by the parties as part of the mediation.

 

In any arbitration, the arbitrator will be required to resolve the dispute in accordance with the MLPA and PSA, and may not modify or change those agreements in any way or award remedies not consistent with those agreements. The arbitrator will not have the power to award punitive or consequential damages. In its final determination, the arbitrator will determine and award the costs of the arbitration to the parties to the arbitration in its reasonable discretion. In the event a Requesting Certificateholder is the Enforcing Party, the Requesting Certificateholder will be required to pay any expenses allocated to the Enforcing Party in the arbitration proceedings or any expenses that the Enforcing Party agrees to bear in the mediation proceedings.

 

The final determination of the arbitrator will be final and non-appealable, except for actions to confirm or vacate the determination permitted under federal or state law, and may be entered and enforced in any court with jurisdiction over the parties and the matter. By selecting arbitration, the Enforcing Party would be waiving its right to sue in court, including the right to a trial by jury.

 

In the event a Requesting Certificateholder is the Enforcing Party, the agreement with the arbitrator or mediator, as the case may be, will be required under the PSA to contain an acknowledgment that the issuing entity, or the Enforcing Servicer on its behalf, will be a party to any arbitration or mediation proceedings solely for the purpose of being the beneficiary of any award in favor of the Enforcing Party; provided that the degree and extent to which the Enforcing Servicer actively prepares for and participates in such proceeding will be determined by such Enforcing Servicer in consultation with the Directing Certificateholder (provided that no Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing and subject to the time periods for such consultation set forth in the PSA), and in accordance with the Servicing Standard. All amounts recovered by the Enforcing Party will be required to be paid to the issuing entity, or the Enforcing Servicer on its behalf, and deposited in the Collection Account. The agreement with the arbitrator or mediator, as the case may be, will provide that in the event a Requesting Certificateholder is allocated any related costs and expenses pursuant to the terms of the arbitrator’s decision or the agreement reached in mediation, neither the issuing entity nor the Enforcing Servicer acting

 

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on its behalf will be responsible for any such costs and expenses allocated to the Requesting Certificateholder.

 

The issuing entity (or the Enforcing Servicer or the trustee, acting on its behalf), the depositor or any mortgage loan seller will be permitted to redact any personally identifiable customer information included in any information provided for purposes of any mediation or arbitration. Each party to the proceedings will be required to agree to keep confidential the details related to the Repurchase Request and the dispute resolution identified in connection with such proceedings; provided, however, that the Certificateholders will be permitted to communicate prior to the commencement of any such proceedings to the extent described under “Description of the Certificates—Certificateholder Communication”.

 

For avoidance of doubt, in no event will the exercise of any right of a Requesting Certificateholder to refer a Repurchase Request to mediation or arbitration or participation in such mediation or arbitration affect in any manner the ability of the Enforcing Servicer to perform its obligations with respect to a Mortgage Loan (including without limitation, a liquidation, foreclosure, negotiation of a loan modification or workout, acceptance of a discounted pay off or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, or bankruptcy or other litigation) or the exercise of any rights of a Directing Certificateholder.

 

Any out-of-pocket expenses required to be borne by or allocated to the Enforcing Servicer in a mediation or arbitration or related responsibilities under the PSA will be reimbursable as trust fund expenses.

 

Servicing of the Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans

 

The master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the trustee under the PSA have no obligation or authority to (a) supervise any related Non-Serviced Master Servicer, Non-Serviced Special Servicer, Non-Serviced Certificate Administrator or Non-Serviced Trustee or (b) make servicing advances with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan. The obligation of the master servicer to provide information and collections and make P&I Advances to the certificate administrator for the benefit of the Certificateholders with respect to each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is dependent on its receipt of the corresponding information and/or collections from the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Special Servicer.

 

General

 

Each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will be serviced pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA and the related Intercreditor Agreement. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans”.

 

The servicing terms of each such Non-Serviced PSA as it relates to the servicing of the Non-Serviced Whole Loans will be similar in all material respects to the servicing terms of the PSA applicable to the Serviced Mortgage Loans; however, the servicing arrangements under such agreements will differ in certain respects. For example:

 

Each Non-Serviced Master Servicer and Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be required to service the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan pursuant to a servicing standard set forth in the related Non-Serviced PSA that is substantially similar to, but may not be identical to, the Servicing Standard.

 

The related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or, in certain cases, the related Non-Serviced Trustee, will be obligated to make property protection advances

 

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with respect to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan, unless such advances are determined to be nonrecoverable. Any party to the related Non-Serviced PSA that makes a property protection advance with respect to the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will be entitled to reimbursement for that advance, with interest at the prime rate, in a manner substantially similar to the reimbursement of Servicing Advances under the PSA. The Trust, as holder of the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, will be responsible for its pro rata share of any such advance reimbursement amounts (including out of general collections on the WFCM 2018-C48 mortgage pool, if necessary).

 

Pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA, the liquidation fee, the special servicing fee and the workout fee with respect to the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan are similar to the corresponding fees payable under the PSA.

 

The extent to which modification fees or other fee items with respect to the related Whole Loan may be applied to offset interest on advances, servicer expenses and servicing compensation will, in certain circumstances, be less than is the case under the PSA.

 

Items with respect to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan that are the equivalent of assumption application fees, defeasance fees, assumption, waiver, consent and earnout fees, late payment charges, default interest and/or modification fees and that constitute additional servicing compensation under the related Non-Serviced PSA will not be payable to master servicer or special servicer under the PSA and one or more of such items will be allocated between the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer and the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer under the related Non-Serviced PSA in proportions that may be different than the allocation of similar fees under the PSA between the master servicer and special servicer for this transaction.

 

The Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder under the related Non-Serviced PSA will have rights substantially similar to the Directing Certificateholder under the PSA with respect to the servicing and administration of the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan, including consenting to the substantial equivalent of Major Decisions under such Non-Serviced PSA proposed by the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer and reviewing and consenting to asset status reports prepared by such Non-Serviced Special Servicer in respect of the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan. “Major Decisions” under the related Non-Serviced PSA will differ in certain respects from those actions that constitute Major Decisions under the PSA, and therefore the specific types of servicer actions with respect to which the applicable Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder will be permitted to consent will correspondingly differ. The related Non-Serviced PSA also provides for the removal of the Non-Serviced Special Servicer by the related Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder under such Non-Serviced PSA under certain conditions that are similar to the conditions under which the Directing Certificateholder is permitted to replace the special servicer under the PSA.

 

The termination events that will result in the termination of the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Special Servicer are substantially similar to, but not identical to, the Servicer Termination Events under the PSA applicable to the master servicer and special servicer, as applicable.

 

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Servicing transfer events under the related Non-Serviced PSA that would cause the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan to become specially serviced will be substantially similar to, but not identical to, the corresponding provisions under the PSA.

 

The servicing decisions which the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer will perform, and in certain cases for which the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer must obtain the related Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder’s or Non-Serviced Special Servicer’s consent, differ in certain respects from those decisions that constitute Master Servicer Decisions under the PSA.

 

The related Non-Serviced Special Servicer is required to take actions with respect to the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan if it becomes the equivalent of a defaulted mortgage loan, which actions are substantially similar, but not necessarily identical, to the actions described under “—Sale of Defaulted Loans and REO Properties”.

 

Appraisal reduction amounts in respect of the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan will be calculated by the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer under the related Non-Serviced PSA in a manner substantially similar to, but not necessarily identical to, calculations of such amounts by the special servicer under the PSA in respect of Serviced Mortgage Loans.

 

Other than with regard to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan, the requirement of the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer to make compensating interest payments in respect of the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is similar, but not necessarily identical, to the requirement of the master servicer to make Compensating Interest Payments in respect of the Serviced Mortgage Loans under the PSA (although the portion of the servicing fee to make such payments under the related Non-Serviced PSA may be less).

 

The servicing provisions under the related Non-Serviced PSA relating to performing inspections and collecting operating information are substantially similar but not necessarily identical to those of the PSA.

 

While the special servicer under the PSA and the Non-Serviced Special Servicer under the related Non-Serviced PSA must each resign as special servicer with respect to a mortgage loan if it becomes affiliated with the related borrower under such mortgage loan, the particular types of affiliations that trigger such resignation obligation, as well as the parties that are entitled to appoint a successor special servicer, may differ as between the PSA and the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

The parties to the related Non-Serviced PSA (and their related directors, officers and other agents) will be entitled to reimbursement and/or indemnification for losses, liabilities, costs and expenses associated with the servicing of the related Non-Serviced Whole Loan under such Non-Serviced PSA to the same extent that parties to the PSA performing similar functions (and their related directors, officers and other agents) are entitled to reimbursement and/or indemnification for losses, liabilities, costs and expenses associated with their obligations under the PSA. The Trust, as holder of the related Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, will be responsible for its pro rata share of any such indemnification amounts (including out of general collections on the WFCM 2018-C48 mortgage pool, if necessary).

 

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The matters as to which notice to, or rating agency confirmation from, the rating agencies under the related Non-Serviced PSA are required are similar, but not identical to, matters with respect to which notice to, or Rating Agency Confirmation from, the Rating Agencies under the PSA are required (and such agreements may differ as to whether it is notice or rating agency confirmation that is required and as to whether a notice to, or a confirmation from, the rating agencies under the related Non-Serviced PSA in connection with an action involving the subject Non-Serviced Whole Loan would also be required to be made to or obtained from the Rating Agencies under the PSA).

 

With respect to non-specially serviced mortgage loans, the related Non-Serviced PSA may differ with respect to whether the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer or related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be responsible for conducting or managing certain litigation related to such mortgage loans.

 

Each of the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer and related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be liable in accordance with the related Non-Serviced PSA only to the extent of its obligations specifically imposed by that agreement. Accordingly, in general, each of the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer and related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will not be liable for any action taken, or for refraining from the taking of any action, in good faith pursuant to the related Non-Serviced PSA or for errors in judgment; provided that neither such party will be protected against any breach of representations or warranties made by it in the related Non-Serviced PSA or against any liability which would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith or negligence in the performance of duties or by reason of negligent disregard of obligations and duties under the related Non-Serviced PSA.

 

With respect to each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan as to which the related lead securitization that includes the Control Note involves the issuance of “eligible vertical interests” (as defined in the Credit Risk Retention Rules), the related Non-Serviced PSA may provide for one or more “risk retention consultation parties” with certain consultation rights.

 

The provisions of the related Non-Serviced PSA will also vary from the PSA with respect to one or more of the following: timing, control or consultation triggers or thresholds, terminology, allocation of ministerial duties between multiple servicers or other service providers or certificateholder or investor voting or consent thresholds, master servicer and special servicer termination events, rating requirements for accounts and permitted investments, eligibility requirements applicable to servicers and other service providers, and the circumstances under which approvals, consents, consultation, notices or rating agency confirmations may be required.

 

Some of the rating agencies rating the securities issued under the related Non-Serviced PSAs vary from the rating agencies rating the certificates, which may cause servicing arrangements (including, but not limited to, servicer termination events and eligibility requirements for service providers) to be different under the related Non-Serviced PSAs than under the PSA.

 

The master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the trustee under the PSA have no obligation or authority to (a) supervise any related Non-Serviced Master Servicer, Non-Serviced Special Servicer, Non-Serviced Certificate Administrator or

 

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Non-Serviced Trustee or (b) make servicing advances with respect to any Non-Serviced Whole Loan. The obligation of the master servicer to provide information and collections and make P&I Advances to the certificate administrator for the benefit of the Certificateholders with respect to each Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan is dependent on its receipt of the corresponding information and/or collections from the applicable Non-Serviced Master Servicer or Non-Serviced Special Servicer.

 

Prospective investors are encouraged to review the full provisions of each of the Non-Serviced PSAs, which, if available, can be obtained by requesting copies from the underwriters.

 

Servicing of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan

 

Each of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan is serviced pursuant to the WFCM 2018-C47 PSA. The servicing terms of the WFCM 2018-C47 PSA are substantially similar to the servicing terms of the PSA applicable to the Mortgage Loans; however, the servicing arrangements under such agreements will differ in certain respects, including the items set forth above under “—General” (unless otherwise addressed below) and the following:

 

The related Non-Serviced Master Servicer earns a servicing fee with respect to each of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan that is to be calculated at 0.00250% per annum.

 

Upon any of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan becoming a specially serviced loan under the related Non-Serviced PSA, the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will earn a special servicing fee payable monthly with respect to the related Mortgage Loan accruing at a rate equal to the greater of (i) 0.25% per annum and (ii) such higher per annum rate as would result in a special servicing fee equal to $3,500 for such month with respect to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan or the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan, as applicable. Such fee will be payable until such time as the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan or the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan, as applicable, is no longer specially serviced.

 

The related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to a workout fee equal to 1.00% of each payment of principal and interest (other than default interest) made by the related borrower after any workout of either of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan or the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan. The workout fee is subject to a $25,000 minimum.

 

The related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to a liquidation fee equal to 1.00% of net liquidation proceeds received in connection with the liquidation of either of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan or the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan or either related Mortgaged Property. The liquidation fee is subject to a $25,000 minimum.

 

Prospective investors are encouraged to review the full provisions of the WFCM 2018-C47 PSA by requesting copies from the underwriters.

 

See also “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” in this prospectus.

 

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Servicing of the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan

 

The Christiana Mall Whole Loan, and any related REO Property, are serviced under the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA. The servicing arrangements under the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA are generally similar to the servicing arrangements under the PSA; however, the servicing arrangements under such agreements will differ in certain respects, including the items set forth above under “—General” (unless otherwise addressed below) and below. The Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA contains terms and conditions that are customary for securitization transactions involving assets similar to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and that are otherwise (i) required by the Code relating to the tax elections of the Trust and the trust funds for the Christiana Mall Companion Loans, (ii) required by law or changes in any law, rule or regulation or (iii) generally required by the rating agencies in connection with the issuance of ratings in securitizations similar to this securitization as well as the securitizations related to Christiana Mall Companion Loans. Such terms include, without limitation:

 

The Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer earns (i) a primary servicing fee with respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan and the Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans that are not included in the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust, which fee accrues at a rate of 0.00125% per annum, and (ii) a primary servicing fee for the Christiana Mall Companion Loans that are included in the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust, which fee accrues at a per annum rate of 0.0025%.

 

Upon the Christiana Mall Whole Loan becoming a specially serviced loan under the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA, the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer will earn a special servicing fee payable monthly with respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan accruing at a rate equal to 0.125% per annum, until such time as Christiana Mall Whole Loan is no longer specially serviced.

 

Pursuant to the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA, the liquidation fee and the workout fee with respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan will each accrue at a rate equal to 0.25% per annum and are subject to an aggregate cap of $1,375,000.

 

The Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer or trustee under the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA (the “Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Trustee“), as applicable, is required to make advances of principal and interest and advances of certain administrative expenses with respect to the Christiana Mall Companion Loans that are included in the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust (but not with respect to any Christiana Mall Companion Loans not included in the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust), unless the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer or Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Trustee, as applicable, has determined that any such advance and interest thereon would not be recoverable from collections on the Christiana Mall Companion Loans included in the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust. Reimbursement of such amounts and interest thereon are payable only from proceeds of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan.

 

Collections on the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan are required, within two (2) business days following receipt of properly identified funds by the Christiana Mall Servicer, to be deposited and maintained in a separate account in the name of the Christiana Mall Servicer for the benefit of the holders of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan until transferred (after payment of certain amounts under the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA) on a monthly basis prior to the Distribution Date to the

 

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Collection Account by the Christiana Mall Servicer for distribution in accordance with the PSA.

 

There is no operating advisor or equivalent party (and therefore no operating advisor fee) with respect to the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust.

 

The Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA does not provide for any asset representations review procedures or for any dispute resolution procedures similar to those described under “—Dispute Resolution Provisions”. There is no asset representations reviewer (or equivalent party) with respect to the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust.

 

The Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer may be removed as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans—The Christiana Mall Whole Loan—Special Servicer Appointment Rights”.

 

The Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust depositor, Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer, Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer, Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust certificate administrator, Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Trustee and various related persons and entities will be entitled to be indemnified by the issuing entity (as and to the same extent the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust is required to indemnify such parties pursuant to the terms of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA) for certain losses and liabilities incurred by any such party in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement and the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA. To the extent funds on collections from the Christiana Mall Whole Loan are insufficient to satisfy such indemnification obligations, the issuing entity will be required to reimburse the applicable indemnified parties for its pro rata share of the insufficiency, including from general collections on deposit in the Collection Account.

 

Prospective investors are encouraged to review the full provisions of the Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA by requesting copies from the underwriters.

 

See also “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans—The Christiana Mall Whole Loan” in this prospectus.

 

Servicing of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan

 

The Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan is serviced pursuant to the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA. The servicing terms of the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA are substantially similar to the servicing terms of the PSA applicable to the Mortgage Loans; however, the servicing arrangements under such agreements will differ in certain respects, including the items set forth above under “—General” (unless otherwise addressed below) and the following:

 

The related Non-Serviced Master Servicer earns a servicing fee with respect to the Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan that is to be calculated at 0.00250% per annum.

 

Upon the Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan becoming a specially serviced loan under the related Non-Serviced PSA, the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will earn a special servicing fee payable monthly with respect to the related Mortgage Loan accruing at a rate equal to the greater of (a) 0.25% and (b) the per

 

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annum rate that would result in a special servicing fee for the related month of (i) $3,500 and (ii) if the related risk retention consultation party is entitled to consult with the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer, for so long as the related Mortgage Loan is a specially serviced loan and during the continuance of a consultation termination event under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA, $5,000. Such fee will be payable until such time as the Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan is no longer specially serviced.

 

The related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to a workout fee equal to 1.00% of each payment of principal and interest (other than default interest) made by the related borrower after any workout of the Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan. The workout fee is subject to a $25,000 minimum.

 

The related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to a liquidation fee equal to 1.00% of net liquidation proceeds received in connection with the liquidation of the Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan or the related Mortgaged Property (or, if such rate would result in an aggregate liquidation fee less than $25,000, then the liquidation fee rate will be equal to the lesser of (i) 3.0% and (ii) such lower rate as would result in an aggregate liquidation fee equal to $25,000).

 

The operating advisor under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA will be entitled to consult with the related special servicer under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA under different circumstances than those under which the operating advisor under the PSA is entitled to consult with the special servicer under the PSA. In particular, the operating advisor under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA will be entitled to consult on major decisions and asset status reports only when the principal balance of the senior-most class of control eligible certificates is less than 25% of the initial balance thereof (taking into account cumulative appraisal reduction amounts). In addition, the operating advisor under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA will be entitled to recommend the termination of the special servicer thereunder only (i) after the principal balance of the senior-most class of control eligible certificates is less than 25% of the initial balance thereof (without regard to cumulative appraisal reduction amounts) or (ii) if the majority controlling class certificateholder of the senior-most class of control eligible certificates has irrevocably waived its right, in writing, to exercise any of the rights of the controlling class certificateholder and such rights have not been reinstated to a successor controlling class certificateholder, and, in each case, the operating advisor has determined that such special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the servicing standard.

 

Prospective investors are encouraged to review the full provisions of the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA by requesting copies from the underwriters.

 

See also “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” in this prospectus.

 

Servicing of the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan

 

The Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan is serviced pursuant to the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA. The servicing terms of the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA are similar in all material respects to the servicing terms of the PSA applicable to the Serviced Mortgage Loans; however, the servicing arrangements under such agreements differ in certain

 

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respects, including the items set forth above under “—General” (unless otherwise addressed below) and the following:

 

The related Non-Serviced Master Servicer earns a servicing fee with respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan that is to be calculated at 0.00125% per annum.

 

Upon the Aventura Mall Whole Loan becoming a specially serviced loan under the related Non-Serviced PSA, the related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will earn a special servicing fee payable monthly with respect to the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan accruing at a rate equal to 0.25% per annum, until such time as the Aventura Mall Whole Loan is no longer specially serviced. The special servicing fee is not subject to any cap or minimum fee.

 

The related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to a workout fee equal to 0.50% of each payment of principal and interest (other than default interest) made by the related borrower after any workout of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan. The workout fee is not subject to any cap or minimum fee.

 

The related Non-Serviced Special Servicer will be entitled to a liquidation fee equal to 0.50% of net liquidation proceeds received in connection with the liquidation of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan or the related Mortgaged Property. The liquidation fee is not subject to any cap or minimum fee.

 

The Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA does not provide for any asset representations review procedures or for any dispute resolution procedures similar to those described under “—Dispute Resolution Provisions”. There is no asset representations reviewer (or equivalent party) with respect to the securitization trust created pursuant to Aventura Mall 2018-AVM TSA.

 

The Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA does not require the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM Master Servicer to make the equivalent of compensating interest payments in respect of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan.

 

Prospective investors are encouraged to review the full provisions of the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA by requesting copies from the underwriters.

 

See also “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loans” in this prospectus.

 

Servicing of the Home Depot Technology Center Mortgage Loan

 

The Home Depot Technology Center Mortgage Loan is expected to be serviced pursuant to the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA. The servicing terms of the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA are expected to be substantially similar to the servicing terms of the PSA applicable to the Mortgage Loans; however, the servicing arrangements under such agreements are expected to differ in certain respects, including the items set forth above under “—General” (unless otherwise addressed below) and the following:

 

The master servicer under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA will earn a servicing fee with respect to the Home Depot Technology Center Mortgage Loan that is to be calculated at 0.00125% per annum.

 

Upon the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan becoming a specially serviced loan under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA, the related special servicer thereunder will earn a special servicing fee payable monthly with respect to the Home Depot Technology

 

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Center Mortgage Loan accruing at a rate equal accruing at a rate equal to 0.25% per annum. Such fee will be payable until such time as the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan is no longer specially serviced.

 

The related special servicer under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA will be entitled to a workout fee equal to 1.00% of each collection (other than penalty charges and excess interest) of principal and interest made by the related borrower after any workout of the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan; provided, however, the workout fee may not exceed $1,000,000 in the aggregate, and if the aggregate workout fee based on a 1.0% workout fee rate would be less than $25,000, then the related special servicer may retain such additional amount to equal $25,000.

 

The related special servicer under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA will be entitled to a liquidation fee equal to 1.00% of net liquidation proceeds received in connection with the liquidation of the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan, subject to a $1,000,000 maximum and a $25,000 minimum.

 

Prospective investors are encouraged to review the full provisions of the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA by requesting copies from the underwriters.

 

Servicing of the Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan

 

The Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan is serviced pursuant to the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA. The servicing terms of the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA are substantially similar to the servicing terms of the PSA applicable to the Mortgage Loans; however, the servicing arrangements under such agreements will differ in certain respects, including the items set forth above under “—General” (unless otherwise addressed below) and the following:

 

The master servicer under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA will earn a servicing fee with respect to the Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan that is to be calculated at 0.00250% per annum.

 

Upon the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan becoming a specially serviced loan under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA, the related special servicer thereunder will earn a special servicing fee payable monthly with respect to the Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan accruing at a rate equal accruing at a rate equal to 0.25% per annum, provided that the monthly special servicing fee will not be less than $3,500. Such fee will be payable until such time as the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan is no longer specially serviced.

 

The related special servicer under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA will be entitled to a workout fee equal to 1.00% of each collection (other than penalty charges and excess interest) of principal and interest made by the related borrower after any workout of the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan; provided, however, the workout fee may not exceed $1,000,000 in the aggregate, and if the aggregate workout fee based on a 1.0% workout fee rate would be less than $25,000, then the related special servicer may retain such additional amount to equal $25,000.

 

The related special servicer under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA will be entitled to a liquidation fee equal to 1.00% of net liquidation proceeds received in connection with the liquidation of the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan, subject to a $1,000,000 maximum and a $25,000 minimum.

 

Prospective investors are encouraged to review the full provisions of the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA by requesting copies from the underwriters.

 

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Servicing of the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan

 

The Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan is serviced pursuant to the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA. The servicing terms of the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA are substantially similar to the servicing terms of the PSA applicable to the Mortgage Loans; however, the servicing arrangements under such agreements will differ in certain respects, including the items set forth above under “—General” (unless otherwise addressed below) and the following:

 

The master servicer under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA earns a servicing fee with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan that is to be calculated at 0.00250% per annum.

 

Upon the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan becoming a specially serviced loan under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, the related special servicer thereunder will earn a special servicing fee payable monthly with respect to the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan accruing at a rate equal accruing at a rate equal to 0.25% per annum. Such fee will be payable until such time as the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan is no longer specially serviced.

 

The related special servicer under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA will be entitled to a workout fee equal to 1.00% of each payment of principal and interest (other than default interest) made by the related borrower after any workout of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan. The workout fee is subject to a $25,000 minimum.

 

The related special servicer under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA will be entitled to a liquidation fee equal to 1.00% of net liquidation proceeds received in connection with the liquidation of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan or the related Mortgaged Property. The liquidation fee is subject to a $25,000 minimum.

 

The operating advisor under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA will be entitled to consult with the related special servicer under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA under different circumstances than those under which the operating advisor under the PSA is entitled to consult with the special servicer under the PSA. In particular, the operating advisor under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA will be entitled to consult on major decisions and asset status reports only when the principal balance of the senior-most class of control eligible certificates is less than 25% of the initial balance thereof (taking into account cumulative appraisal reduction amounts). In addition, the operating advisor under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA will be entitled to recommend the termination of the special servicer thereunder only (i) after the principal balance of the senior-most class of control eligible certificates is less than 25% of the initial balance thereof (without regard to cumulative appraisal reduction amounts) or (ii) if the majority controlling class certificateholder of the senior-most class of control eligible certificates has irrevocably waived its right, in writing, to exercise any of the rights of the controlling class certificateholder and such rights have not been reinstated to a successor controlling class certificateholder, and, in each case, the operating advisor has determined that such special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the servicing standard.

 

Prospective investors are encouraged to review the full provisions of the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA by requesting copies from the underwriters.

 

See also “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan” in this prospectus.

 

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Rating Agency Confirmations

 

The PSA will provide that, notwithstanding the terms of the related Mortgage Loan documents or other provisions of the PSA, if any action under such Mortgage Loan documents or the PSA requires a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies as a condition precedent to such action, if the party (the “Requesting Party”) attempting and/or required to obtain such Rating Agency Confirmations has made a request to any Rating Agency for such Rating Agency Confirmation and, within 10 business days of such request being posted to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website, such Rating Agency has not replied to such request or has responded in a manner that indicates that such Rating Agency is neither reviewing such request nor waiving the requirement for Rating Agency Confirmation, then such Requesting Party will be required to confirm (through direct communication and not by posting any confirmation on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website) that the applicable Rating Agency has received the Rating Agency Confirmation request, and, if it has not, promptly request the related Rating Agency Confirmation again (which may be through direct communication). The circumstances described in the preceding sentence are referred to in this prospectus as a “RAC No-Response Scenario“.

 

If there is no response to either such Rating Agency Confirmation request within 5 business days of such second request in a RAC No-Response Scenario or if such Rating Agency has responded in a manner that indicates such Rating Agency is neither reviewing such request nor waiving the requirement for Rating Agency Confirmation, then (x) with respect to any condition in any Mortgage Loan document requiring such Rating Agency Confirmation, or with respect to any other matter under the PSA relating to the servicing of the Mortgage Loans (other than as set forth in clause (y) below), the requirement to obtain a Rating Agency Confirmation will be deemed not to apply (as if such requirement did not exist) with respect to such Rating Agency, and the master servicer or the special servicer, as the case may be, may then take such action if the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, confirms its original determination (made prior to making such request) that taking the action with respect to which it requested the Rating Agency Confirmation would still be consistent with the Servicing Standard, and (y) with respect to a replacement of the master servicer or special servicer, such condition will be deemed not to apply (as if such requirement did not exist) if (i) the replacement master servicer or replacement special servicer has been appointed and currently serves as the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, on a transaction-level basis on a transaction currently rated by Moody’s that currently has securities outstanding and for which Moody’s has not cited servicing concerns with respect to such replacement as the sole or a material factor in any qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings (or placement on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal) of securities in a commercial mortgage-backed securitization transaction serviced by the applicable replacement master servicer or special servicer prior to the time of determination, if Moody’s is the non-responding Rating Agency, (ii) the applicable replacement master servicer or special servicer is rated at least “CMS3” (in the case of the master servicer) or “CSS3” (in the case of the special servicer), if Fitch is the non-responding Rating Agency or (iii) KBRA has not publicly cited servicing concerns with respect to the applicable replacement master servicer or special servicer as the sole or a material factor in any qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of the ratings (or placement on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal) of securities in any other commercial mortgage-backed securitization transaction serviced by such master servicer or special servicer prior to the time of determination, if KBRA is the non-responding Rating Agency. Promptly following the master servicer’s or special servicer’s determination to take any action discussed above following any requirement to obtain Rating Agency Confirmation being deemed not to apply (as if such requirement did not exist) as described in clause (x) above, the master servicer or special servicer will be required to provide

 

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electronic written notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider, who will promptly post such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website pursuant to the PSA, of the action taken.

 

For all other matters or actions not specifically discussed above as to which a Rating Agency Confirmation is required, the applicable Requesting Party will be required to obtain a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies. In the event an action otherwise requires a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies, in absence of such Rating Agency Confirmation, we cannot assure you that any Rating Agency will not downgrade, qualify or withdraw its ratings as a result of any such action taken by the master servicer or the special servicer in accordance with the procedures discussed above.

 

As used above, “Rating Agency Confirmation“ means, with respect to any matter, confirmation in writing (which may be in electronic form) by each applicable Rating Agency that a proposed action, failure to act or other event specified in this prospectus will not, in and of itself, result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current rating assigned to any class of certificates (if then rated by the Rating Agency); provided that a written waiver or acknowledgment from the Rating Agency indicating its decision not to review the matter for which the Rating Agency Confirmation is sought will be deemed to satisfy the requirement for the Rating Agency Confirmation from the Rating Agency with respect to such matter. The “Rating Agencies“ mean Kroll Bond Rating Agency, Inc. (“KBRA“), Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch“) and Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s“).

 

Any Rating Agency Confirmation requests made by the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, or the trustee, as applicable, pursuant to the PSA, will be required to be made in writing, which writing must contain a cover page indicating the nature of the Rating Agency Confirmation request, and must contain all back-up material necessary for the Rating Agency to process such request. Such written Rating Agency Confirmation requests must be provided in electronic format to the 17g-5 Information Provider (who will be required to post such request on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website in accordance with the PSA).

 

The master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the trustee will be permitted (but not obligated) to orally communicate with the Rating Agencies regarding any of the Mortgage Loan documents or any matter related to the Mortgage Loans, the related Mortgaged Properties, the related borrowers or any other matters relating to the PSA or any related Intercreditor Agreement; provided that such party summarizes the information provided to the Rating Agencies in such communication in writing and provides the 17g-5 Information Provider with such written summary the same day such communication takes place; provided, further, that the summary of such oral communications will not identify with which Rating Agency the communication was. The 17g-5 Information Provider will be required to post such written summary on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website in accordance with the provisions of the PSA. All other information required to be delivered to the Rating Agencies pursuant to the PSA or requested by the Rating Agencies, will first be provided in electronic format to the 17g-5 Information Provider, who will be required to post such information to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website in accordance with the PSA. The operating advisor will have no obligation or authority to communicate directly with the Rating Agencies, but may deliver required information to the Rating Agencies to the extent set forth in this prospectus.

 

The PSA will provide that the PSA may be amended to change the procedures regarding compliance with Rule 17g-5 without any Certificateholder consent; provided that notice of any such amendment must be provided to the 17g-5 Information Provider (who will post

 

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such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website) and to the certificate administrator (which will post such report to the certificate administrator’s website).

 

To the extent required under the PSA, in the event a rating agency confirmation is required by the applicable rating agencies that any action under any Mortgage Loan documents or the PSA will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of any such rating agency’s then-current ratings of any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities, then such rating agency confirmation may be considered satisfied in the same manner as described above with respect to any Rating Agency Confirmation from a Rating Agency.

 

Evidence as to Compliance

 

The master servicer, the special servicer (regardless of whether the special servicer has commenced special servicing of a Mortgage Loan), the custodian, the trustee (provided, however, that the trustee will not be required to deliver an assessment of compliance with respect to any period during which there was no relevant servicing criteria applicable to it) and the certificate administrator will be required to furnish (and each such party will be required, with respect to each servicing function participant with which it has entered into a servicing relationship with respect to the Mortgage Loans, to cause (or, in the case of a sub-servicer that is also a servicing function participant that a mortgage loan seller requires the master servicer to retain, to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause) such servicing function participant to furnish), to the depositor, the certificate administrator, the trustee and the 17g-5 Information Provider, an officer’s certificate of the officer responsible for the servicing activities of such party stating, among other things, that (i) a review of that party’s activities during the preceding calendar year or portion of that year and of performance under the PSA or any sub-servicing agreement in the case of an additional master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, has been made under such officer’s supervision and (ii) to the best of such officer’s knowledge, based on the review, such party has fulfilled all of its obligations under the PSA or the sub-servicing agreement in the case of an additional master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, in all material respects throughout the preceding calendar year or portion of such year, or, if there has been a failure to fulfill any such obligation in any material respect, specifying each such failure known to such officer and the nature and status of the failure.

 

In addition, the master servicer, the special servicer (regardless of whether the special servicer has commenced special servicing of any Mortgage Loan), the trustee (but only if an advance was made by the trustee in the calendar year), the custodian, the certificate administrator and the operating advisor, each at its own expense, will be required to furnish (and each such party will be required, with respect to each servicing function participant with which it has entered into a servicing relationship with respect to the Mortgage Loans, to cause (or, in the case of a sub-servicer that is also a servicing function participant that a mortgage loan seller requires the master servicer to retain, to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause) such servicing function participant to furnish) to the trustee, the certificate administrator, the 17g-5 Information Provider and the depositor (and, with respect to the special servicer, also to the operating advisor) a report (an “Assessment of Compliance“) assessing compliance by that party with the servicing criteria set forth in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB (as described below) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act“) that contains the following:

 

a statement of the party’s responsibility for assessing compliance with the servicing criteria set forth in Item 1122 of Regulation AB applicable to it;

 

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a statement that the party used the criteria in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB to assess compliance with the applicable servicing criteria;

 

the party’s assessment of compliance with the applicable servicing criteria during and as of the end of the fiscal year, covered by the Form 10-K required to be filed pursuant to the PSA setting forth any material instance of noncompliance identified by the party, a discussion of each such failure and the nature and status of such failure; and

 

a statement that a registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report (an “Attestation Report“) on the party’s assessment of compliance with the applicable servicing criteria during and as of the end of the prior fiscal year.

 

Each party that is required to deliver an Assessment of Compliance will also be required to simultaneously deliver an Attestation Report of a registered public accounting firm, prepared in accordance with the standards for attestation engagements issued or adopted by the public company accounting oversight board, that expresses an opinion, or states that an opinion cannot be expressed (and the reasons for this), concerning the party’s assessment of compliance with the applicable servicing criteria set forth in Item 1122(d) of Regulation AB.

 

With respect to each Non-Serviced Whole Loan, each of the Non-Serviced Master Servicer, the Non-Serviced Special Servicer, the Non-Serviced Trustee and the Non-Serviced Certificate Administrator will have obligations under the related Non-Serviced PSA similar to those described above.

 

Regulation AB“ means subpart 229.1100 – Asset Backed Securities (Regulation AB), 17 C.F.R. §§ 229.1100–229.1125, as such may be amended from time to time, and subject to such clarification and interpretation as have been provided by the SEC or by the staff of the SEC, or as may be provided by the SEC or its staff from time to time.

 

Limitation on Rights of Certificateholders to Institute a Proceeding

 

Other than with respect to any rights to deliver a Certificateholder Repurchase Request and exercise the rights described under “—Dispute Resolution Provisions”, no Certificateholder will have any right under the PSA to institute any proceeding with respect to the PSA or with respect to the certificates, unless the holder previously has given to the trustee and the certificate administrator written notice of default and the continuance of the default and unless (except in the case of a default by the trustee) the holders of certificates of any class evidencing not less than 25% of the aggregate Percentage Interests constituting the class have made written request upon the trustee to institute a proceeding in its own name (as trustee) and have offered to the trustee reasonable indemnity satisfactory to it, and the trustee for 60 days after receipt of the request and indemnity has neglected or refused to institute the proceeding. However, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of the trusts or powers vested in it by the PSA or the certificates or to institute, conduct or defend any related litigation at the request, order or direction of any of the Certificateholders, unless the Certificateholders have offered to the trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred as a result.

 

Each Certificateholder will be deemed under the PSA to have expressly covenanted with every other Certificateholder and the trustee, that no one or more Certificateholders will have any right in any manner whatsoever by virtue of any provision of the PSA or the certificates to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of the holders of any other certificates,

 

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or to obtain or seek to obtain priority over or preference to any other Certificateholder, or to enforce any right under the PSA or the certificates, except in the manner provided in the PSA or the certificates and for the equal, ratable and common benefit of all Certificateholders.

 

Termination; Retirement of Certificates

 

The obligations created by the PSA will terminate upon payment (or provision for payment) to all Certificateholders of all amounts held by the certificate administrator on behalf of the trustee and required to be paid on the Distribution Date following the earlier of (1) the final payment (or related Advance) or other liquidation of the last Mortgage Loan and REO Property (as applicable) subject to the PSA, (2) the voluntary exchange of all the then-outstanding certificates (other than the Class V and Class R certificates) for the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties remaining in the issuing entity (provided, however, that (a) the aggregate certificate balance of the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class A-S, Class B, Class C and Class D certificates is reduced to zero, (b) there is only one holder (or multiple holders acting unanimously) of the then-outstanding Certificates (other than the Class V and Class R certificates) and (c) the master servicer consents to the exchange) or (3) the purchase or other liquidation of all of the assets of the issuing entity as described below by the holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates, in that order of priority. Written notice of termination of the PSA will be given by the certificate administrator to each Certificateholder, each holder of a Serviced Companion Loan and the 17g-5 Information Provider (who will promptly post such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website). The final distribution will be made only upon surrender and cancellation of the certificates at the office of the certificate registrar or other location specified in the notice of termination.

 

The holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer and the holders of the Class R certificates (in that order) will have the right to purchase all of the assets of the issuing entity. This purchase of all the Mortgage Loans and other assets in the issuing entity is required to be made at a price equal to (a) the Termination Purchase Amount, plus (b) the reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of the master servicer and the special servicer related to such purchase, unless the master servicer or the special servicer, as applicable, is the purchaser less (c) solely in the case where the master servicer is exercising such purchase right, the aggregate amount of unreimbursed Advances and unpaid Servicing Fees remaining outstanding and payable solely to the master servicer (which items will be deemed to have been paid or reimbursed to the master servicer in connection with such purchase). This purchase will effect early retirement of the then-outstanding certificates, but the rights of the holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates to effect the termination is subject to the requirements that the then aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the pool of Mortgage Loans (solely for the purposes of this calculation, if such right is being exercised after the Distribution Date in January 2029 and the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan is still an asset of the issuing entity, then such Mortgage Loan will be excluded from the then-aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the pool of Mortgage Loans and from the Initial Pool Balance) be less than 1.0% of the Initial Pool Balance. The voluntary exchange of certificates (other than the Class V and Class R certificates), for the remaining Mortgage Loans is not subject to the above described percentage limits but is limited to each such class of outstanding certificates being held by one Certificateholder (or group of Certificateholders acting unanimously) who must voluntarily participate.

 

The “Termination Purchase Amount” will equal the sum of (1) the aggregate Purchase Price of all the Mortgage Loans (exclusive of REO Loans) then included in the issuing entity,

 

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(2) the Appraised Value of the issuing entity’s portion of each REO Property, if any, then included in the issuing entity (such appraisals in clause (2) to be conducted by an independent MAI-designated appraiser selected by the special servicer and approved by the master servicer and the Controlling Class) (prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, with respect to the Controlling Class approval) and (3) if a Mortgaged Property secures a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan and is an “REO property” under the terms of the related Non-Serviced PSA, the pro rata portion of the fair market value of the related Mortgaged Property, as determined by the related Non-Serviced Master Servicer in accordance with clauses (2) and (3) above.

 

On the applicable Distribution Date, the aggregate amount paid by the holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates, as the case may be, for the Mortgage Loans and other applicable assets in the issuing entity, together with all other amounts on deposit in the Collection Account and not otherwise payable to a person other than the Certificateholders, will be applied generally as described above under “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”.

 

Amendment

 

The PSA may be amended by the parties to the PSA, without the consent of any of the holders of certificates or holders of any Companion Loan:

 

(a)    to correct any defect or ambiguity in the PSA;

 

(b)    to cause the provisions in the PSA to conform or be consistent with or in furtherance of the statements made in the prospectus (or in an offering document for any related non-offered certificates) with respect to the certificates, the issuing entity or the PSA or to correct or supplement any of its provisions which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provisions in the PSA or to correct any error;

 

(c)    to change the timing and/or nature of deposits in the Collection Account, the Distribution Accounts or any REO Account, provided that (A) the P&I Advance Date will in no event be later than the business day prior to the related Distribution Date and (B) the change would not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Certificateholder, as evidenced in writing by an opinion of counsel at the expense of the party requesting such amendment or as evidenced by a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies with respect to such amendment;

 

(d)    to modify, eliminate or add to any of its provisions to the extent as will be necessary to maintain the qualification of any Trust REMIC as a REMIC or the Grantor Trust as a grantor trust under the relevant provisions of the Code at all times that any certificate is outstanding, or to avoid or minimize the risk of imposition of any tax on the issuing entity, any Trust REMIC or the Grantor Trust; provided that the trustee and the certificate administrator have received an opinion of counsel (at the expense of the party requesting the amendment) to the effect that (1) the action is necessary or desirable to maintain such qualification or to avoid or minimize the risk of imposition of any such tax and (2) the action will not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Certificateholder or holder of a Companion Loan;

 

(e)    to modify, eliminate or add to any of its provisions to restrict (or to remove any existing restrictions with respect to) the transfer of the Residual Certificates; provided that the depositor has determined that the amendment will not, as evidenced by an

 

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opinion of counsel, give rise to any tax with respect to the transfer of the Residual Certificates to a non-permitted transferee;

 

(f)     to revise or add any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under the PSA or any other change, provided that the required action will not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Certificateholder (including, for the avoidance of doubt, any holder of a Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan not consenting to such revision or addition) as evidenced in writing by an opinion of counsel at the expense of the party requesting such amendment or as evidenced by a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies with respect to such amendment or supplement and confirmation of the applicable rating agencies that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities (provided that such rating agency confirmation may be considered satisfied in the same manner as any Rating Agency Confirmation may be considered satisfied with respect to the certificates as described in this prospectus);

 

(g)    to amend or supplement any provision of the PSA to the extent necessary to maintain the then-current ratings assigned to each class of Offered Certificates by each Rating Agency, as evidenced by a Rating Agency Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies and confirmation of the applicable rating agencies that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities (provided that such rating agency confirmation may be considered satisfied in the same manner as any Rating Agency Confirmation may be considered satisfied with respect to the certificates as described in this prospectus); provided that such amendment or supplement would not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Certificateholder not consenting to such amendment or supplement, as evidenced by an opinion of counsel;

 

(h)    to modify the provisions of the PSA with respect to reimbursement of Nonrecoverable Advances and Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts if (a) the depositor, the master servicer, the trustee and, (with respect to any Mortgage Loan other than an Excluded Loan and for so long as no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing) the Directing Certificateholder, determine that the commercial mortgage-backed securities industry standard for such provisions has changed, in order to conform to such industry standard, (b) such modification does not adversely affect the status of any Trust REMIC as a REMIC or the Grantor Trust as a grantor trust under the relevant provisions of the Code, as evidenced by an opinion of counsel and (c) a Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency and confirmation of the applicable rating agencies that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any related Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities (provided that such rating agency confirmation may be considered satisfied in the same manner as any Rating Agency Confirmation may be considered satisfied with respect to the certificates as described in this prospectus) has been received;

 

(i)     to modify the procedures set forth in the PSA relating to compliance with Rule 17g-5, provided that the change would not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Certificateholder, as evidenced by (A) an opinion of counsel or (B) if any certificate is then rated, receipt of Rating Agency Confirmation from each Rating Agency rating such certificates; and provided, further, that the certificate administrator must give notice of any such amendment to the 17g-5 Information Provider for posting on the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website and the certificate administration must post such notice to its website;

 

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(j)     to modify, eliminate or add to any of its provisions to such extent as will be necessary to comply with the requirements for use of Form SF-3 in registered offerings to the extent provided in 17 C.F.R. § 239.45(b)(1)(ii), (iii) or (iv); or

 

(k)    to modify, eliminate or add to any of its provisions in the event the Credit Risk Retention Rules or any other regulations applicable to the risk retention requirements for this securitization transaction are amended or repealed, to the extent required to comply with any such amendment or to modify or eliminate the provision related to the risk retention requirements in the event of such repeal.

 

The PSA may also be amended by the parties to the PSA with the consent of the holders of certificates of each class affected by such amendment evidencing, in each case, a majority of the aggregate Percentage Interests constituting the class for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of the PSA or of modifying in any manner the rights of the holders of the certificates, except that the amendment may not directly (1) reduce in any manner the amount of, or delay the timing of, payments received on the Mortgage Loans or Whole Loans that are required to be distributed on a certificate of any class without the consent of the holder of such certificate or which are required to be distributed to a holder of a Companion Loan without the consent of such holder, (2) reduce the aforesaid percentage of certificates of any class the holders of which are required to consent to the amendment or remove the requirement to obtain consent of any holder of a Companion Loan, without the consent of the holders of all certificates of that class then-outstanding or such holder of the related Companion Loan, (3) adversely affect the Voting Rights of any class of certificates, without the consent of the holders of all certificates of that class then-outstanding, (4) change in any manner any defined term used in any MLPA or the obligations or rights of any mortgage loan seller under any MLPA or change any rights of any mortgage loan seller as a third-party beneficiary under the PSA without the consent of the related mortgage loan seller, or (5) amend the Servicing Standard without the consent of 100% of the holders of certificates or a Rating Agency Confirmation by each Rating Agency and confirmation of the applicable rating agencies that such action will not result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of its then-current ratings of any Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities (provided that such rating agency confirmation may be considered satisfied in the same manner as any Rating Agency Confirmation may be considered satisfied with respect to the certificates as described in this prospectus).

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, no amendment to the PSA may be made that changes in any manner the obligations or rights of any mortgage loan seller under any MLPA or the rights of any mortgage loan seller, including as a third-party beneficiary, under the PSA, without the consent of such mortgage loan seller. In addition, no amendment to the PSA may be made that changes any provisions specifically required to be included in the PSA by the related Intercreditor Agreement or that otherwise materially and adversely affects the holder of a Companion Loan without the consent of the holder of the related Companion Loan.

 

Also, notwithstanding the foregoing, no party will be required to consent to any amendment to the PSA without the trustee, the certificate administrator, the master servicer, the special servicer, the asset representations reviewer and the operating advisor having first received an opinion of counsel (at the issuing entity’s expense) to the effect that the amendment does not conflict with the terms of the PSA, and that the amendment or the exercise of any power granted to the master servicer, the special servicer, the depositor, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer or any other specified person in accordance with the amendment will not result in the imposition of a tax on any portion of the issuing entity or cause any Trust REMIC to fail

 

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to qualify as a REMIC or cause the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust under the relevant provisions of the Code.

 

Resignation and Removal of the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator

 

Each of the trustee and the certificate administrator will at all times be, and will be required to resign if it fails to be, (i) a corporation, national bank, national banking association or a trust company, organized and doing business under the laws of any state or the United States of America, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and to accept the trust conferred under the PSA, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $100,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and, in the case of the trustee, will not be an affiliate of the master servicer or special servicer (except during any period when the trustee is acting as, or has become successor to, the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be), (ii) an institution insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, (iii) an institution whose long-term senior unsecured debt is rated at least “A2” by Moody’s, “A-” by Fitch and, if rated by KBRA, “A” by KBRA (or in the case of the Trustee, a long term unsecured debt rating of “A(low)” by DBRS if the Master Servicer maintains a rating of at least “A” by KBRA (provided that nothing in this parenthetical shall impose on the Master Servicer any obligation to maintain such rating)); provided that the trustee will not become ineligible to serve based on a failure to satisfy such rating requirements as long as (a) it maintains a long-term unsecured debt rating of no less than “Baa2” by Moody’s and “A-” by Fitch, (b) its short-term debt obligations have a short-term rating of not less than “P-2” from Moody’s and “F1” by Fitch and (c) the master servicer maintains a long-term unsecured debt rating of at least “A2” by Moody’s and “A+” by Fitch (provided that nothing in this proviso will impose on the master servicer any obligation to maintain such rating or any other rating), or such other rating with respect to which the Rating Agencies have provided a Rating Agency Confirmation, and (iv) an entity that is not on the depositor’s “prohibited party” list.

 

The trustee and the certificate administrator will be also permitted at any time to resign from their obligations and duties under the PSA by giving written notice (which notice will be posted to the certificate administrator’s website pursuant to the PSA) to the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee or the certificate administrator, as applicable, all Certificateholders, the operating advisor, the asset representations reviewer and the 17g-5 Information Provider (who will promptly post such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website). Upon receiving this notice of resignation, the depositor will be required to use its reasonable best efforts to promptly appoint a successor trustee or certificate administrator acceptable to the master servicer and, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, the Directing Certificateholder. If no successor trustee or certificate administrator has accepted an appointment within 90 days after the giving of notice of resignation, the resigning trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, may petition any court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, and such petition will be an expense of the issuing entity.

 

If at any time the trustee or certificate administrator ceases to be eligible to continue as trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, under the PSA, and fails to resign after written request therefor by the depositor or the master servicer, or if at any time the trustee or certificate administrator becomes incapable of acting, or if certain events of, or proceedings in respect of, bankruptcy or insolvency occur with respect to the trustee or certificate administrator, or if the trustee or certificate administrator fails to timely publish any report to be delivered, published, or otherwise made available by the certificate administrator pursuant to the PSA, and such failure continues unremedied for a period of 5 days, or if the certificate administrator fails to make distributions required pursuant to the

 

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PSA, the depositor will be authorized to remove the trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, and appoint a successor trustee or certificate administrator acceptable to the master servicer. If no successor trustee or certificate administrator has accepted an appointment within 90 days after the giving of notice of removal, the removed trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, may petition any court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, and such petition will be an expense of the issuing entity.

 

In addition, holders of the certificates entitled to at least 75% of the Voting Rights may upon 30 days prior written notice, with or without cause, remove the trustee or certificate administrator under the PSA and appoint a successor trustee or certificate administrator. In the event that holders of the certificates entitled to at least 75% of the Voting Rights elect to remove the trustee or certificate administrator without cause and appoint a successor, the successor trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, will be responsible for all expenses necessary to effect the transfer of responsibilities from its predecessor.

 

Any resignation or removal of the trustee or certificate administrator and appointment of a successor trustee or certificate administrator will not become effective until (i) acceptance of appointment by the successor trustee or certificate administrator, as applicable, and (ii) the certificate administrator files any required Form 8-K. Further, the resigning trustee or certificate administrator, as the case may be, must pay all costs and expenses associated with the transfer of its duties.

 

The PSA will prohibit the appointment of the asset representations reviewer or one of its affiliates as successor to the trustee or certificate administrator.

 

Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial; and Consent to Jurisdiction

 

The PSA will be governed by the laws of the State of New York. Each party to the PSA will waive its respective right to a jury trial for any claim or cause of action based upon or arising out of or related to the PSA or certificates. Additionally, each party to the PSA will consent to the jurisdiction of any New York State and Federal courts sitting in New York City with respect to matters arising out of or related to the PSA.

 

Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans

 

The following discussion contains general summaries of certain legal aspects of mortgage loans secured by commercial and multifamily residential properties. Because such legal aspects are governed by applicable local law (which laws may differ substantially), the summaries do not purport to be complete, to reflect the laws of any particular jurisdiction, or to encompass the laws of all jurisdictions in which the security for the mortgage loans is situated.

 

Georgia

 

Real property loans in Georgia are customarily secured by deeds to secure debt and are generally foreclosed pursuant to a private, non-judicial sale under the power of sale remedy, which must be contained in the deed to secure debt. Judicial foreclosure is also an available, but rarely exercised, remedy. In the power of sale foreclosure, the lender must provide notice of the sale by advertisement in a newspaper in which sheriff’s notices of sale are published in the county in which the property is located once a week for four (4) consecutive weeks immediately preceding the date of sale. The advertisement must contain certain information, including a description of the property and the instrument pursuant to which the sale is being conducted, and the name, address, and telephone number of the

 

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individual or entity who shall have full authority to negotiate, amend, and modify all terms of the mortgage with the debtor (provided that the lender is under no obligation to negotiate, amend or modify the terms of the deed to secure debt). A copy of the notice of sale to the public must be given to the debtor not less than (30) days prior to the date of the proposed foreclosure sale. If the loan has been assigned, the assignment vesting title to the deed to secure debt must be filed for record prior to the time of the sale. The foreclosure sale is conducted by the lender or its representatives, must occur between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. on the first Tuesday of a month (except, if the first Tuesday of a month falls on New Year’s Day or Independence Day, then the sale must be conducted on the immediately following Wednesday) and is held on the courthouse steps of the court in the county in which the property is located. At the sale the property is sold to the highest bidder, and the lender may “credit bid” the amount of its debt at the sale, so long as the loan documents permit the lender to bid at the sale. The debtor’s right of redemption is extinguished by the power of the sale foreclosure. In order to obtain a deficiency judgment for a recourse loan, the lender must first report the foreclosure sale to a judge of the Superior Court of the county in which the property is located within thirty (30) days after the date of sale. The judge will then conduct a “confirmation hearing,” notice of which must be served at least five (5) days prior to the hearing on all obligors. The purpose of the confirmation hearing is to prove that (a) the real property sold for its “true market value” (which has been interpreted to mean “fair market value”) and (b) the foreclosure sale was conducted in accordance with law. The judge may (a) confirm the sale (in which case the creditor may pursue the deficiency claim in a separate action against the obligors), (b) set the sale aside (in which case the parties are returned to their respective positions immediately prior to the sale and a new foreclosure sale must be conducted) or (c) deny confirmation of the sale and refuse to permit a resale (in which case the sale stands as completed but the creditor may not pursue a deficiency claim against the obligors). Georgia has no “one action” rule or statute.

 

Tennessee

 

Mortgage loans in Tennessee are secured by deeds of trust. Legal title to real property encumbered by a deed of trust is vested in the property owner while equitable title is vested in a trustee, who, with certain exceptions, must be a Tennessee resident. Under Tennessee law, deeds of trust are usually foreclosed pursuant to a power of sale set forth in the instrument and governed by statute. Judicial foreclosures, while extremely rare, are also available. Non-judicial foreclosures can be conducted from 10:00 a.m. until 4:00 p.m. on the day set forth in the notice of sale and must be advertised in a newspaper of general circulation by at least three (3) notices one (1) week apart in the twenty (20) days preceding the date of sale. The minimum required contents of the notice of sale are provided by statute, and the sale is conducted by a trustee or his successor if a successor trustee has been duly appointed and that appointment has been recorded in the county where the property lies. Sales may be conducted by the trustee’s agent and the trustee does not need to be physically present at the sale so long as he is otherwise available to execute the trustee’s deed. A non-waivable equitable right of redemption exists, and the mortgage indebtedness can be paid at any time before the foreclosure sale is conducted. A two year statutory right of redemption exists in Tennessee after a foreclosure sale. The statutory right of redemption is waivable in the deed of trust. Notice of default and an opportunity to cure must be given in a commercial loan only if required by the deed of trust. Ad valorem real property taxes and municipal and country assessments have statutory priority over previously recorded deeds of trust. Under applicable law, a foreclosure sale will terminate the lien of junior encumbrances unless those liens are preserved in the notice of sale. A copy of the notice of foreclosure sale must be given to all interested parties, including the debtor and junior lien holders before the date of first publication of the notice

 

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of foreclosure and by listing their names in the notice of foreclosure. Judgment against the borrower can be rendered for the entire debt in lieu of foreclosure, and deficiency judgments can be obtained after a foreclosure sale, unless the instrument secured by the deed of trust is without recourse. There is a rebuttable presumption that the sale price is equal to the fair market value of the foreclosed property. Deeds in lieu of foreclosure are recognized in Tennessee.

 

Florida

 

Mortgage loans involving real property in Florida are secured by mortgages, and foreclosures are accomplished by judicial foreclosure. There is no power of sale in Florida. After an action for foreclosure is commenced and the lender secures a final judgment, such judgment will provide that the property be sold at a public sale at the courthouse (or on-line depending on the county) if the full amount of the judgment is not paid prior to the scheduled sale. Fla Statute 45.031 requires that foreclosure sale be held no earlier than 20 (but not more than 35) days after the judgment is entered. However, given the backlog of foreclosure cases in many counties, it is not unusual for foreclosure sales to be held later than the 35 day period specified in the statute. After the foreclosure judgment is entered and prior to the foreclosure sale, a notice of sale must be published once a week for two (2) consecutive weeks in the county in which the property is located. There is no right of redemption after the filing of the clerk’s certificate at the conclusion of the foreclosure sale. However, a certificate of title transferring title to the foreclosed property is not issued until 10 days after the foreclosure sale, and challenges to the foreclosure sale are permitted within that 10-day period. Florida does not have a “one action rule” or “anti-deficiency legislation,” and deficiency judgments are permitted to the extent not prohibited by the applicable loan documents. Subsequent to a foreclosure sale, however, a lender is generally required to prove the value of the property as of the date of foreclosure sale in order to recover a deficiency. Further, Florida law limits any deficiency judgment (if otherwise permitted) against a borrower following a judicial sale to the excess of the final judgment amount (which generally equals the amount of outstanding debt plus attorneys’ fees and other collection costs) over the fair market value of the property at the time of the judicial sale. In limited circumstances, the lender may have a receiver appointed during the pendency of the foreclosure action.

 

General

 

Each mortgage loan will be evidenced by a promissory note and secured by an instrument granting a security interest in real property, which may be a mortgage, deed of trust or a deed to secure debt, depending upon the prevailing practice and law in the state in which the related mortgaged property is located. Mortgages, deeds of trust and deeds to secure debt are in this prospectus collectively referred to as “mortgages”. A mortgage creates a lien upon, or grants a title interest in, the real property covered thereby, and represents the security for the repayment of the indebtedness customarily evidenced by a promissory note. The priority of the lien created or interest granted will depend on the terms of the mortgage and, in some cases, on the terms of separate subordination agreements or intercreditor agreements with others that hold interests in the real property, the knowledge of the parties to the mortgage and, generally, the order of recordation of the mortgage in the appropriate public recording office. However, the lien of a recorded mortgage will generally be subordinate to later-arising liens for real estate taxes and assessments and other charges imposed under governmental police powers.

 

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Types of Mortgage Instruments

 

There are two parties to a mortgage: a mortgagor (the borrower and usually the owner of the applicable property) and a mortgagee (the lender). In contrast, a deed of trust is a three-party instrument, among a trustor (the equivalent of a borrower), a trustee to whom the real property is conveyed, and a beneficiary (the lender) for whose benefit the conveyance is made. Under a deed of trust, the trustor grants the property, irrevocably until the debt is paid, in trust and generally with a power of sale, to the trustee to secure repayment of the indebtedness evidenced by the related note. A deed to secure debt typically has two parties, pursuant to which the borrower, or grantor, conveys title to the real property to the grantee, or lender generally with a power of sale, until such time as the debt is repaid. In a case where the borrower is a land trust, there would be an additional party because legal title to the property is held by a land trustee under a land trust agreement for the benefit of the borrower. At origination of a mortgage loan involving a land trust, the borrower may execute a separate undertaking to make payments on the promissory note. The land trustee would not be personally liable for the promissory note obligation. The mortgagee’s authority under a mortgage, the trustee’s authority under a deed of trust and the grantee’s authority under a deed to secure debt are governed by the express provisions of the related instrument, the law of the state in which the real property is located, certain federal laws and, in some deed of trust transactions, the directions of the beneficiary.

 

Leases and Rents

 

Mortgages that encumber income-producing property often contain an assignment of rents and leases, and/or may be accompanied by a separate assignment of rents and leases, pursuant to which the borrower assigns to the lender the borrower’s right, title and interest as landlord under each lease and the income derived from the lease, while (unless rents are to be paid directly to the lender) retaining a revocable license to collect the rents for so long as there is no default. If the borrower defaults, the license terminates and the lender is entitled to collect the rents. Local law may require that the lender take possession of the property and/or obtain a court-appointed receiver before becoming entitled to collect the rents.

 

In most states, hotel property and motel room rates are considered accounts receivable under the Uniform Commercial Code (“UCC“). In cases where hotel properties or motels constitute loan security, the revenues are generally pledged by the borrower as additional security for the loan. In general, the lender must file financing statements in order to perfect its security interest in the room revenues and must file continuation statements, generally every 5 years, to maintain perfection of such security interest. In certain cases, mortgage loans secured by hotel properties or motels may be included in the issuing entity even if the security interest in the room revenues was not perfected. Even if the lender’s security interest in room revenues is perfected under applicable nonbankruptcy law, it will generally be required to commence a foreclosure action or otherwise take possession of the property in order to enforce its rights to collect the room revenues following a default. In the bankruptcy setting, however, the lender will be stayed from enforcing its rights to collect room revenues, but those room revenues constitute “cash collateral” and therefore generally cannot be used by the bankruptcy debtor without a hearing or lender’s consent or unless the lender’s interest in the room revenues is given adequate protection (e.g., cash payment for otherwise encumbered funds or a replacement lien on unencumbered property, in either case in value equivalent to the amount of room revenues that the debtor proposes to use, or other similar relief). See “—Foreclosure—Bankruptcy Laws” below.

 

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Personalty

 

In the case of certain types of mortgaged properties, such as hotel properties, motels, nursing homes and manufactured housing, personal property (to the extent owned by the borrower and not previously pledged) may constitute a significant portion of the property’s value as security. The creation and enforcement of liens on personal property are governed by the UCC. Accordingly, if a borrower pledges personal property as security for a mortgage loan, the lender generally must file UCC financing statements in order to perfect its security interest in that personal property, and must file continuation statements, generally every five years, to maintain that perfection. Certain mortgage loans secured in part by personal property may be included in the issuing entity even if the security interest in such personal property was not perfected.

 

Foreclosure

 

General

 

Foreclosure is a legal procedure that allows the lender to recover its mortgage debt by enforcing its rights and available legal remedies under the mortgage. If the borrower defaults in payment or performance of its obligations under the promissory note or mortgage, the lender has the right to institute foreclosure proceedings to sell the real property at public auction to satisfy the indebtedness.

 

Foreclosure Procedures Vary from State to State

 

Two primary methods of foreclosing a mortgage are judicial foreclosure, involving court proceedings, and nonjudicial foreclosure pursuant to a power of sale granted in the mortgage instrument. Other foreclosure procedures are available in some states, but they are either infrequently used or available only in limited circumstances.

 

A foreclosure action is subject to most of the delays and expenses of other lawsuits if defenses are raised or counterclaims are interposed, and sometimes requires several years to complete.

 

See also “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Associated with One Action Rules”.

 

Judicial Foreclosure

 

A judicial foreclosure proceeding is conducted in a court having jurisdiction over the mortgaged property. Generally, the action is initiated by the service of legal pleadings upon all parties having a subordinate interest of record in the real property and all parties in possession of the property, under leases or otherwise, whose interests are subordinate to the mortgage. Delays in completion of the foreclosure may occasionally result from difficulties in locating defendants. When the lender’s right to foreclose is contested, the legal proceedings can be time-consuming. Upon successful completion of a judicial foreclosure proceeding, the court generally issues a judgment of foreclosure and appoints a referee or other officer to conduct a public sale of the mortgaged property, the proceeds of which are used to satisfy the judgment. Such sales are made in accordance with procedures that vary from state to state.

 

Equitable and Other Limitations on Enforceability of Certain Provisions

 

United States courts have traditionally imposed general equitable principles to limit the remedies available to lenders in foreclosure actions. These principles are generally designed

 

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to relieve borrowers from the effects of mortgage defaults perceived as harsh or unfair. Relying on such principles, a court may alter the specific terms of a loan to the extent it considers necessary to prevent or remedy an injustice, undue oppression or overreaching, or may require the lender to undertake affirmative actions to determine the cause of the borrower’s default and the likelihood that the borrower will be able to reinstate the loan. In some cases, courts have substituted their judgment for the lender’s and have required that lenders reinstate loans or recast payment schedules in order to accommodate borrowers who are suffering from a temporary financial disability. In other cases, courts have limited the right of the lender to foreclose in the case of a nonmonetary default, such as a failure to adequately maintain the mortgaged property or an impermissible further encumbrance of the mortgaged property. Finally, some courts have addressed the issue of whether federal or state constitutional provisions reflecting due process concerns for adequate notice require that a borrower receive notice in addition to statutorily-prescribed minimum notice. For the most part, these cases have upheld the reasonableness of the notice provisions or have found that a public sale under a mortgage providing for a power of sale does not involve sufficient state action to trigger constitutional protections.

 

In addition, some states may have statutory protection such as the right of the borrower to reinstate a mortgage loan after commencement of foreclosure proceedings but prior to a foreclosure sale.

 

Nonjudicial Foreclosure/Power of Sale

 

In states permitting nonjudicial foreclosure proceedings, foreclosure of a deed of trust is generally accomplished by a nonjudicial trustee’s sale pursuant to a power of sale typically granted in the deed of trust. A power of sale may also be contained in any other type of mortgage instrument if applicable law so permits. A power of sale under a deed of trust allows a nonjudicial public sale to be conducted generally following a request from the beneficiary/lender to the trustee to sell the property upon default by the borrower and after notice of sale is given in accordance with the terms of the deed of trust and applicable state law. In some states, prior to such sale, the trustee under the deed of trust must record a notice of default and notice of sale and send a copy to the borrower and to any other party who has recorded a request for a copy of a notice of default and notice of sale. In addition, in some states the trustee must provide notice to any other party having an interest of record in the real property, including junior lienholders. A notice of sale must be posted in a public place and, in most states, published for a specified period of time in one or more newspapers. The borrower or junior lienholder may then have the right, during a reinstatement period required in some states, to cure the default by paying the entire actual amount in arrears (without regard to the acceleration of the indebtedness), plus the lender’s expenses incurred in enforcing the obligation. In other states, the borrower or the junior lienholder is not provided a period to reinstate the loan, but has only the right to pay off the entire debt to prevent the foreclosure sale. Generally, state law governs the procedure for public sale, the parties entitled to notice, the method of giving notice and the applicable time periods.

 

Public Sale

 

A third party may be unwilling to purchase a mortgaged property at a public sale because of the difficulty in determining the exact status of title to the property (due to, among other things, redemption rights that may exist) and because of the possibility that physical deterioration of the mortgaged property may have occurred during the foreclosure proceedings. Potential buyers may also be reluctant to purchase mortgaged property at a foreclosure sale as a result of the 1980 decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in Durrett v. Washington National Insurance Co., 621 F.2d 2001 (5th Cir.

 

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1980) and other decisions that have followed its reasoning. The court in Durrett held that even a non-collusive, regularly conducted foreclosure sale was a fraudulent transfer under the Bankruptcy Code and, thus, could be rescinded in favor of the bankrupt’s estate, if (1) the foreclosure sale was held while the debtor was insolvent and not more than one year prior to the filing of the bankruptcy petition and (2) the price paid for the foreclosed property did not represent “fair consideration”, which is “reasonably equivalent value” under the Bankruptcy Code. Although the reasoning and result of Durrett in respect of the Bankruptcy Code was rejected by the United States Supreme Court in BFP v. Resolution Trust Corp., 511 U.S. 531 (1994), the case could nonetheless be persuasive to a court applying a state fraudulent conveyance law which has provisions similar to those construed in Durrett. Therefore, it is common for the lender to purchase the mortgaged property for an amount equal to the secured indebtedness and accrued and unpaid interest plus the expenses of foreclosure, in which event the borrower’s debt will be extinguished, or for a lesser amount in order to preserve its right to seek a deficiency judgment if such is available under state law and under the terms of the mortgage loan documents. Thereafter, subject to the borrower’s right in some states to remain in possession during a redemption period, the lender will become the owner of the property and have both the benefits and burdens of ownership, including the obligation to pay debt service on any senior mortgages, to pay taxes, to obtain casualty insurance and to make such repairs as are necessary to render the property suitable for sale. Frequently, the lender employs a third-party management company to manage and operate the property. The costs of operating and maintaining a property may be significant and may be greater than the income derived from that property. The costs of management and operation of those mortgaged properties which are hotels, motels, restaurants, nursing or convalescent homes, hospitals or casinos may be particularly significant because of the expertise, knowledge and, with respect to certain property types, regulatory compliance, required to run those operations and the effect which foreclosure and a change in ownership may have on the public’s and the industry’s, including franchisors’, perception of the quality of those operations. The lender also will commonly obtain the services of a real estate broker and pay the broker’s commission in connection with the sale or lease of the property. Depending upon market conditions, the ultimate proceeds of the sale of a property may not equal the lender’s investment in the property. Moreover, a lender commonly incurs substantial legal fees and court costs in acquiring a mortgaged property through contested foreclosure and/or bankruptcy proceedings. Because of the expenses associated with acquiring, owning and selling a mortgaged property, a lender could realize an overall loss on a mortgage loan even if the mortgaged property is sold at foreclosure, or resold after it is acquired through foreclosure, for an amount equal to the full outstanding principal amount of the loan plus accrued interest.

 

Furthermore, an increasing number of states require that any environmental contamination at certain types of properties be cleaned up before a property may be resold. In addition, a lender may be responsible under federal or state law for the cost of cleaning up a mortgaged property that is environmentally contaminated. See “—Environmental Considerations” below.

 

The holder of a junior mortgage that forecloses on a mortgaged property does so subject to senior mortgages and any other prior liens, and may be obliged to keep senior mortgage loans current in order to avoid foreclosure of its interest in the property. In addition, if the foreclosure of a junior mortgage triggers the enforcement of a “due-on-sale” clause contained in a senior mortgage, the junior mortgagee could be required to pay the full amount of the senior mortgage indebtedness or face foreclosure.

 

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Rights of Redemption

 

The purposes of a foreclosure action are to enable the lender to realize upon its security and to bar the borrower, and all persons who have interests in the property that are subordinate to that of the foreclosing lender, from exercise of their “equity of redemption”. The doctrine of equity of redemption provides that, until the property encumbered by a mortgage has been sold in accordance with a properly conducted foreclosure and foreclosure sale, those having interests that are subordinate to that of the foreclosing lender have an equity of redemption and may redeem the property by paying the entire debt with interest. Those having an equity of redemption must generally be made parties and joined in the foreclosure proceeding in order for their equity of redemption to be terminated.

 

The equity of redemption is a common-law (nonstatutory) right which should be distinguished from post-sale statutory rights of redemption. In some states, after sale pursuant to a deed of trust or foreclosure of a mortgage, the borrower and foreclosed junior lienors are given a statutory period in which to redeem the property. In some states, statutory redemption may occur only upon payment of the foreclosure sale price. In other states, redemption may be permitted if the former borrower pays only a portion of the sums due. The effect of a statutory right of redemption is to diminish the ability of the lender to sell the foreclosed property because the exercise of a right of redemption would defeat the title of any purchaser through a foreclosure. Consequently, the practical effect of the redemption right is to force the lender to maintain the property and pay the expenses of ownership until the redemption period has expired. In some states, a post-sale statutory right of redemption may exist following a judicial foreclosure, but not following a trustee’s sale under a deed of trust.

 

Anti-Deficiency Legislation

 

Some or all of the mortgage loans are nonrecourse loans, as to which recourse in the case of default will be limited to the mortgaged property and such other assets, if any, that were pledged to secure the mortgage loan. However, even if a mortgage loan by its terms provides for recourse to the borrower’s other assets, a lender’s ability to realize upon those assets may be limited by state law. For example, in some states a lender cannot obtain a deficiency judgment against the borrower following foreclosure or sale under a deed of trust.

 

A deficiency judgment is a personal judgment against the former borrower equal to the difference between the net amount realized upon the public sale of the real property and the amount due to the lender. Other statutes may require the lender to exhaust the security afforded under a mortgage before bringing a personal action against the borrower. In certain other states, the lender has the option of bringing a personal action against the borrower on the debt without first exhausting that security; however, in some of those states, the lender, following judgment on that personal action, may be deemed to have elected a remedy and thus may be precluded from foreclosing upon the security. Consequently, lenders in those states where such an election of remedy provision exists will usually proceed first against the security. Finally, other statutory provisions, designed to protect borrowers from exposure to large deficiency judgments that might result from bidding at below-market values at the foreclosure sale, limit any deficiency judgment to the excess of the outstanding debt over the fair market value of the property at the time of the sale.

 

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Leasehold Considerations

 

Mortgage loans may be secured by a mortgage on the borrower’s leasehold interest in a ground lease. Leasehold mortgage loans are subject to certain risks not associated with mortgage loans secured by a lien on the fee estate of the borrower. The most significant of these risks is that if the borrower’s leasehold were to be terminated upon a lease default, the leasehold mortgagee would lose its security. This risk may be lessened if the ground lease requires the lessor to give the leasehold mortgagee notices of lessee defaults and an opportunity to cure them, permits the leasehold estate to be assigned to and by the leasehold mortgagee or the purchaser at a foreclosure sale, and contains certain other protective provisions typically included in a “mortgageable” ground lease. Certain mortgage loans, however, may be secured by ground leases which do not contain these provisions.

 

In addition, where a lender has as its security both the fee and leasehold interest in the same property, the grant of a mortgage lien on its fee interest by the land owner/ground lessor to secure the debt of a borrower/ground lessee may be subject to challenge as a fraudulent conveyance. Among other things, a legal challenge to the granting of the liens may focus on the benefits realized by the land owner/ground lessor from the loan. If a court concluded that the granting of the mortgage lien was an avoidable fraudulent conveyance, it might take actions detrimental to the holders of the offered certificates, including, under certain circumstances, invalidating the mortgage lien on the fee interest of the land owner/ground lessor.

 

Cooperative Shares

 

Mortgage loans may be secured by a security interest on the borrower’s ownership interest in shares, and the related proprietary leases, allocable to cooperative dwelling units that may be vacant or occupied by non-owner tenants. Such loans are subject to certain risks not associated with mortgage loans secured by a lien on the fee estate of a borrower in real property. Such a loan typically is subordinate to the mortgage, if any, on the cooperative’s building which, if foreclosed, could extinguish the equity in the building and the proprietary leases of the dwelling units derived from ownership of the shares of the cooperative. Further, transfer of shares in a cooperative are subject to various regulations as well as to restrictions under the governing documents of the cooperative, and the shares may be cancelled in the event that associated maintenance charges due under the related proprietary leases are not paid. Typically, a recognition agreement between the lender and the cooperative provides, among other things, the lender with an opportunity to cure a default under a proprietary lease.

 

Under the laws applicable in many states, “foreclosure” on cooperative shares is accomplished by a sale in accordance with the provisions of Article 9 of the UCC and the security agreement relating to the shares. Article 9 of the UCC requires that a sale be conducted in a “commercially reasonable” manner, which may be dependent upon, among other things, the notice given the debtor and the method, manner, time, place and terms of the sale. Article 9 of the UCC provides that the proceeds of the sale will be applied first to pay the costs and expenses of the sale and then to satisfy the indebtedness secured by the lender’s security interest. A recognition agreement, however, generally provides that the lender’s right to reimbursement is subject to the right of the cooperative to receive sums due under the proprietary leases.

 

Bankruptcy Laws

 

Operation of the federal Bankruptcy Code in Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended from time to time (“Bankruptcy Code“) and related state laws may interfere with

 

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or affect the ability of a lender to obtain payment of a loan, realize upon collateral and/or to enforce a deficiency judgment. For example, under the Bankruptcy Code, virtually all actions (including foreclosure actions and deficiency judgment proceedings) are automatically stayed upon the filing of the bankruptcy petition, and, usually, no interest or principal payments are made during the course of the bankruptcy case. The delay and the consequences of a delay caused by an automatic stay can be significant. For example, the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by or on behalf of a junior mortgage lien holder may stay the senior lender from taking action to foreclose out such junior lien. At a minimum, the senior lender would suffer delay due to its need to seek bankruptcy court approval before taking any foreclosure or other action that could be deemed in violation of the automatic stay under the Bankruptcy Code.

 

Under the Bankruptcy Code, a bankruptcy trustee, or a borrower as debtor-in-possession, may under certain circumstances sell the related mortgaged property or other collateral free and clear of all liens, claims, encumbrances and interests, which liens would then attach to the proceeds of such sale, despite the provisions of the related mortgage or other security agreement to the contrary. Such a sale may be approved by a bankruptcy court even if the proceeds are insufficient to pay the secured debt in full.

 

Under the Bankruptcy Code, provided certain substantive and procedural safeguards for a lender are met, the amount and terms of a mortgage or other security agreement secured by property of a debtor may be modified under certain circumstances. Pursuant to a confirmed plan of reorganization, lien avoidance or claim objection proceeding, the secured claim arising from a loan secured by real property or other collateral may be reduced to the then-current value of the property (with a corresponding partial reduction of the amount of lender’s security interest), thus leaving the lender a secured creditor to the extent of the then-current value of the property and a general unsecured creditor for the difference between such value and the outstanding balance of the loan. Such general unsecured claims may be paid less than 100% of the amount of the debt or not at all, depending upon the circumstances. Other modifications may include the reduction in the amount of each scheduled payment, which reduction may result from a reduction in the rate of interest and/or the alteration of the repayment schedule (with or without affecting the unpaid principal balance of the loan), and/or an extension (or reduction) of the final maturity date. Some courts have approved bankruptcy plans, based on the particular facts of the reorganization case, that effected the curing of a mortgage loan default by paying arrearages over a number of years. Also, under the Bankruptcy Code, a bankruptcy court may permit a debtor through its plan of reorganization to reinstate the loan even though the lender accelerated the mortgage loan and final judgment of foreclosure had been entered in state court (provided that no sale of the property had yet occurred) prior to the filing of the debtor’s petition. This may be done even if the plan of reorganization does not provide for payment of the full amount due under the original loan. Thus, the full amount due under the original loan may never be repaid. Other types of significant modifications to the terms of mortgage loan may be acceptable to the bankruptcy court, such as making distributions to the mortgage holder of property other than cash, or the substitution of collateral which is the “indubitable equivalent” of the real property subject to the mortgage, or the subordination of the mortgage to liens securing new debt (provided that the lender’s secured claim is “adequately protected” as such term is defined and interpreted under the Bankruptcy Code), often depending on the particular facts and circumstances of the specific case.

 

Federal bankruptcy law may also interfere with or otherwise adversely affect the ability of a secured mortgage lender to enforce an assignment by a borrower of rents and leases (which “rents” may include revenues from hotels and other lodging facilities specified in the

 

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Bankruptcy Code) related to a mortgaged property if the related borrower is in a bankruptcy proceeding. Under the Bankruptcy Code, a lender may be stayed from enforcing the assignment, and the legal proceedings necessary to resolve the issue can be time consuming and may result in significant delays in the receipt of the rents. Rents (including applicable hotel and other lodging revenues) and leases may also escape such an assignment, among other things, (i) if the assignment is not fully perfected under state law prior to commencement of the bankruptcy proceeding, (ii) to the extent such rents and leases are used by the borrower to maintain the mortgaged property, or for other court authorized expenses, (iii) to the extent other collateral may be substituted for the rents and leases, (iv) to the extent the bankruptcy court determines that the lender is adequately protected, or (v) to the extent the court determines based on the equities of the case that the post-petition rents are not subject to the lender’s pre-petition security interest.

 

Under the Bankruptcy Code, a security interest in real property acquired before the commencement of the bankruptcy case does not extend to income received after the commencement of the bankruptcy case unless such income is a proceed, product or rent of such property. Therefore, to the extent a business conducted on the mortgaged property creates accounts receivable rather than rents or results from payments under a license rather than payments under a lease, a valid and perfected pre-bankruptcy lien on such accounts receivable or license income generally would not continue as to post-bankruptcy accounts receivable or license income.

 

The Bankruptcy Code provides that a lender’s perfected pre-petition security interest in leases, rents and hotel revenues continues in the post-petition leases, rents and hotel revenues, unless a bankruptcy court orders to the contrary “based on the equities of the case”. The equities of a particular case may permit the discontinuance of security interests in pre-petition leases and rents. Thus, unless a court orders otherwise, revenues from a mortgaged property generated after the date the bankruptcy petition is filed will constitute “cash collateral” under the Bankruptcy Code. Debtors may only use cash collateral upon obtaining the lender’s consent or a prior court order finding that the lender’s interest in the mortgaged hotel, motel or other lodging property and the cash collateral is “adequately protected” as the term is defined and interpreted under the Bankruptcy Code. In addition to post-petition rents, any cash held by a lender in a lockbox or reserve account generally would also constitute “cash collateral” under the Bankruptcy Code. So long as the lender is adequately protected, a debtor’s use of cash collateral may be for its own benefit or for the benefit of any affiliated entity group that is also subject to bankruptcy proceedings, including use as collateral for new debt. It should be noted, however, that the court may find that the lender has no security interest in either pre-petition or post-petition revenues if the court finds that the loan documents do not contain language covering accounts, room rents, or other forms of personalty necessary for a security interest to attach to such revenues.

 

The Bankruptcy Code provides generally that rights and obligations under an unexpired lease of the debtor/lessee may not be terminated or modified at any time after the commencement of a case under the Bankruptcy Code solely because of a provision in the lease to that effect or because of certain other similar events. This prohibition on so-called “ipso facto” clauses could limit the ability of a lender to exercise certain contractual remedies with respect to the leases on any mortgaged property. In addition, section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code operates as an automatic stay of, among other things, any act to obtain possession of property from a debtor’s estate, which may delay a lender’s exercise of those remedies, including foreclosure, in the event that a lessee becomes the subject of a proceeding under the Bankruptcy Code. Thus, the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by or on behalf of a lessee of a mortgaged property would result in a stay against the

 

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commencement or continuation of any state court proceeding for past due rent, for accelerated rent, for damages or for a summary eviction order with respect to a default under the related lease that occurred prior to the filing of the lessee’s petition. While relief from the automatic stay to enforce remedies may be requested, it can be denied for a number of reasons, including where the collateral is “necessary to an effective reorganization” for the debtor, and if a debtor’s case has been administratively consolidated with those of its affiliates, the court may also consider whether the property is “necessary to an effective reorganization” of the debtor and its affiliates, taken as a whole.

 

The Bankruptcy Code generally provides that a trustee in bankruptcy or debtor-in-possession may, with respect to an unexpired lease of non-residential real property, before the earlier of (i) 120 days after the filing of a bankruptcy case or (ii) the entry of an order confirming a plan, subject to approval of the court, (a) assume the lease and retain it or assign it to a third party or (b) reject the lease. If the trustee or debtor-in-possession fails to assume or reject the lease within the time specified in the preceding sentence, subject to any extensions by the bankruptcy court, the lease will be deemed rejected and the property will be surrendered to the lessor. The bankruptcy court may for cause shown extend the 120-day period up to 90 days for a total of 210 days. If the lease is assumed, the trustee in bankruptcy on behalf of the lessee, or the lessee as debtor-in-possession, or the assignee, if applicable, must cure any defaults under the lease, compensate the lessor for its losses and provide the lessor with “adequate assurance” of future performance. These remedies may be insufficient, however, as the lessor may be forced to continue under the lease with a lessee that is a poor credit risk or an unfamiliar tenant (if the lease was assigned), and any assurances provided to the lessor may, in fact, be inadequate. If the lease is rejected, the rejection generally constitutes a breach of the executory contract or unexpired lease as of the date immediately preceding the filing date of the bankruptcy petition. As a consequence, the other party or parties to the lease, such as the borrower, as lessor under a lease, generally would have only an unsecured claim against the debtor, as lessee, for damages resulting from the breach, which could adversely affect the security for the related mortgage loan. In addition, under the Bankruptcy Code, a lease rejection damages claim is limited to the “(a) rent reserved by the lease, without acceleration, for the greater of one year, or 15 percent, not to exceed 3 years, of the remaining term of such lease, following the earlier of the date of the bankruptcy petition and the date on which the lessor regained possession of the real property, (b) plus any unpaid rent due under such lease, without acceleration, on the earlier of such dates”.

 

If a trustee in bankruptcy on behalf of a lessor, or a lessor as debtor-in-possession, rejects an unexpired lease of real property, the lessee may treat the lease as terminated by the rejection or, in the alternative, the lessee may remain in possession of the leasehold for the balance of the term and for any renewal or extension of the term that is enforceable by the lessee under applicable non-bankruptcy law. The Bankruptcy Code provides that if a lessee elects to remain in possession after a rejection of a lease, the lessee may offset against rents reserved under the lease for the balance of the term after the date of rejection of the lease, and the related renewal or extension of the lease, any damages occurring after that date caused by the nonperformance of any obligation of the lessor under the lease after that date.

 

Similarly, bankruptcy risk is associated with an insolvency proceeding under the Bankruptcy Code of either a borrower ground lessee or a ground lessor. In general, upon the bankruptcy of a lessor or a lessee under a lease of nonresidential real property, including a ground lease, that has not been terminated prior to the bankruptcy filing date, the debtor entity has the statutory right to assume or reject the lease. Given that the Bankruptcy Code generally invalidates clauses that terminate contracts automatically upon

 

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the filing by one of the parties of a bankruptcy petition or that are conditioned on a party’s insolvency, following the filing of a bankruptcy petition, a debtor would ordinarily be required to perform its obligations under such lease until the debtor decides whether to assume or reject the lease. The Bankruptcy Code provides certain additional protections with respect to non-residential real property leases, such as establishing a specific timeframe in which a debtor must determine whether to assume or reject the lease. The bankruptcy court may extend the time to perform for up to 60 days for cause shown. Even if the agreements were terminated prior to bankruptcy, a bankruptcy court may determine that the agreement was improperly terminated and therefore remains part of the debtor’s bankruptcy estate. The debtor also can seek bankruptcy court approval to assume and assign the lease to a third party, and to modify the lease in connection with such assignment. In order to assume the lease, the debtor or assignee generally will have to cure outstanding defaults and provide “adequate assurance of future performance” in addition to satisfying other requirements imposed under the Bankruptcy Code. Under the Bankruptcy Code, subject to certain exceptions, once a lease is rejected by a debtor lessee, it is deemed breached, and the non-debtor lessor will have a claim for lease rejection damages, as described above.

 

If the ground lessor files for bankruptcy, it may determine until the confirmation of its plan of reorganization whether to reject the ground lease. On request of any party to the lease, the bankruptcy court may order the debtor to determine within a specific period of time whether to assume or reject the lease or to comply with the terms of the lease pending its decision to assume or reject. In the event of rejection, the non-debtor lessee will have the right to treat the lease as terminated by virtue of its terms, applicable nonbankruptcy law, or any agreement made by the lessee. The non-debtor lessee may also, if the lease term has begun, retain its rights under the lease, including its rights to remain in possession of the leased premises under the rent reserved in the lease for the balance of the term of the lease (including renewals). The term “lessee” includes any “successor, assign or mortgagee permitted under the terms of such lease”. If, pre-petition, the ground lessor had specifically granted the leasehold mortgagee such right, the leasehold mortgagee may have the right to succeed to the lessee/borrower’s position under the lease.

 

In the event of concurrent bankruptcy proceedings involving the ground lessor and the lessee/borrower, actions by creditors against the borrower/lessee debtor would be subject to the automatic stay, and a lender may be unable to enforce both the bankrupt lessee/borrower’s pre-petition agreement to refuse to treat a ground lease rejected by a bankrupt lessor as terminated and any agreement by the ground lessor to grant the lender a new lease upon such termination. In such circumstances, a lease could be terminated notwithstanding lender protection provisions contained in that lease or in the mortgage. A lender could lose its security unless the lender holds a fee mortgage or the bankruptcy court, as a court of equity, allows the mortgagee to assume the ground lessee’s obligations under the ground lease and succeed to the ground lessee’s position. Although consistent with the Bankruptcy Code, such position may not be adopted by the bankruptcy court.

 

Further, in an appellate decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (Precision Indus. v. Qualitech Steel SBQ, LLC, 327 F.3d 537 (7th Cir, 2003)), the court ruled with respect to an unrecorded lease of real property that where a statutory sale of leased property occurs under the Bankruptcy Code upon the bankruptcy of a landlord, that sale terminates a lessee’s possessory interest in the property, and the purchaser assumes title free and clear of any interest, including any leasehold estates. Pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code, a lessee may request the bankruptcy court to prohibit or condition the statutory sale of the property so as to provide adequate protection of the leasehold interest; however, the court ruled that, at least where a memorandum of lease had not been

 

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recorded, this provision does not ensure continued possession of the property, but rather entitles the lessee to compensation for the value of its leasehold interest, typically from the sale proceeds. As a result, we cannot assure you that, in the event of a statutory sale of leased property pursuant to the Bankruptcy Code, the lessee would be able to maintain possession of the property under the ground lease. In addition, we cannot assure you that a leasehold mortgagor and/or a leasehold mortgagee (to the extent it has standing to intervene) would be able to recover the full value of the leasehold interest in bankruptcy court.

 

Because of the possible termination of the related ground lease, whether arising from a bankruptcy, the expiration of a lease term or an uncured defect under the related ground lease, lending on a leasehold interest in a real property is riskier than lending on the fee interest in the property.

 

In a bankruptcy or similar proceeding involving a borrower, action may be taken seeking the recovery as a preferential transfer of any payments made by such borrower, or made directly by the related lessee, under the related mortgage loan to the issuing entity. Payments on long term debt may be protected from recovery as preferences if they qualify for the “ordinary course” exception under the Bankruptcy Code or if certain other defenses in the Bankruptcy Code are applicable. Whether any particular payment would be protected depends upon the facts specific to a particular transaction.

 

In addition, in a bankruptcy or similar proceeding involving any borrower or an affiliate, an action may be taken to avoid the transaction (or any component of the transaction, such as joint and several liability on the related mortgage loan) as an actual or constructive fraudulent conveyance under state or federal law. Any payment by a borrower in excess of its allocated share of the loan could be challenged as a fraudulent conveyance by creditors of that borrower in an action outside a bankruptcy case or by the representative of the borrower’s bankruptcy estate in a bankruptcy case. Generally, under federal and most state fraudulent conveyance statutes, the incurrence of an obligation or the transfer of property by a person will be subject to avoidance under certain circumstances if the person transferred such property with the intent to hinder, delay or defraud its creditors or the person did not receive fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value in exchange for such obligation or transfer and (i) was insolvent or was rendered insolvent by such obligation or transfer, (ii) was engaged in business or a transaction, or was about to engage in business or a transaction, for which any property remaining with the person constituted unreasonably small capital, or (iii) intended to, or believed that it would, incur debts that would be beyond the person’s ability to pay as such debts matured. The measure of insolvency will vary depending on the law of the applicable jurisdiction. However, an entity will generally be considered insolvent if the present fair salable value of its assets is less than (x) the sum of its debts or (y) the amount that would be required to pay its probable liabilities on its existing debts as they become absolute and matured. Accordingly, a lien granted by a borrower to secure repayment of the loan in excess of its allocated share could be avoided if a court were to determine that (i) such borrower was insolvent at the time of granting the lien, was rendered insolvent by the granting of the lien, was left with inadequate capital, or was not able to pay its debts as they matured and (ii) the borrower did not, when it allowed its property to be encumbered by a lien securing the entire indebtedness represented by the loan, receive fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value for pledging such property for the equal benefit of each other borrower.

 

A bankruptcy court may, under certain circumstances, authorize a debtor to obtain credit after the commencement of a bankruptcy case, secured among other things, by senior, equal or junior liens on property that is already subject to a lien. In the bankruptcy case of General Growth Properties filed on April 16, 2009, the debtors initially sought

 

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approval of a debtor-in-possession loan to the corporate parent entities guaranteed by the property-level single-purpose entities and secured by second liens on their properties. Although the debtor-in-possession loan subsequently was modified to eliminate the subsidiary guarantees and second liens, we cannot assure you that, in the event of a bankruptcy of the borrower sponsor, the borrower sponsor would not seek approval of a similar debtor-in-possession loan, or that a bankruptcy court would not approve a debtor-in-possession loan that included such subsidiary guarantees and second liens on such subsidiaries’ properties.

 

Certain of the borrowers may be partnerships. The laws governing limited partnerships in certain states provide that the commencement of a case under the Bankruptcy Code with respect to a general partner will cause a person to cease to be a general partner of the limited partnership, unless otherwise provided in writing in the limited partnership agreement. This provision may be construed as an “ipso facto” clause and, in the event of the general partner’s bankruptcy, may not be enforceable. Certain limited partnership agreements of the borrowers may provide that the commencement of a case under the Bankruptcy Code with respect to the related general partner constitutes an event of withdrawal (assuming the enforceability of the clause is not challenged in bankruptcy proceedings or, if challenged, is upheld) that might trigger the dissolution of the limited partnership, the winding up of its affairs and the distribution of its assets, unless (i) at the time there was at least one other general partner and the written provisions of the limited partnership permit the business of the limited partnership to be carried on by the remaining general partner and that general partner does so or (ii) the written provisions of the limited partnership agreement permit the limited partners to agree within a specified time frame (often 60 days) after the withdrawal to continue the business of the limited partnership and to the appointment of one or more general partners and the limited partners do so. In addition, the laws governing general partnerships in certain states provide that the commencement of a case under the Bankruptcy Code or state bankruptcy laws with respect to a general partner of the partnerships triggers the dissolution of the partnership, the winding up of its affairs and the distribution of its assets. Those state laws, however, may not be enforceable or effective in a bankruptcy case. Limited liability companies may be subjected to similar treatment as that described in this prospectus with respect to limited partnerships. The dissolution of a borrower, the winding up of its affairs and the distribution of its assets could result in an acceleration of its payment obligation under the borrower’s mortgage loan, which may reduce the yield on the Offered Certificates in the same manner as a principal prepayment.

 

In addition, the bankruptcy of the general or limited partner of a borrower that is a partnership, or the bankruptcy of a member of a borrower that is a limited liability company or the bankruptcy of a shareholder of a borrower that is a corporation may provide the opportunity in the bankruptcy case of the partner, member or shareholder to obtain an order from a court consolidating the assets and liabilities of the partner, member or shareholder with those of the mortgagor pursuant to the doctrines of substantive consolidation or piercing the corporate veil. In such a case, the respective mortgaged property, for example, would become property of the estate of the bankrupt partner, member or shareholder. Not only would the mortgaged property be available to satisfy the claims of creditors of the partner, member or shareholder, but an automatic stay would apply to any attempt by the trustee to exercise remedies with respect to the mortgaged property. However, such an occurrence should not affect a lender’s status as a secured creditor with respect to the mortgagor or its security interest in the mortgaged property.

 

A borrower that is a limited partnership, in many cases, may be required by the loan documents to have a single-purpose entity as its sole general partner, and a borrower that

 

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is a general partnership, in many cases, may be required by the loan documents to have as its general partners only entities that are single-purpose entities. A borrower that is a limited liability company may be required by the loan documents to have a single-purpose member or a springing member. All borrowers that are tenants-in-common may be required by the loan documents to be single-purpose entities. These provisions are designed to mitigate the risk of the dissolution or bankruptcy of the borrower partnership or its general partner, a borrower limited liability company or its member (if applicable), or a borrower that is a tenant-in-common. However, we cannot assure you that any borrower partnership or its general partner, or any borrower limited liability company or its member (if applicable), or a borrower that is a tenant-in-common, will not dissolve or become a debtor under the Bankruptcy Code.

 

Environmental Considerations

 

General

 

A lender may be subject to environmental risks when taking a security interest in real property. Of particular concern may be properties that are or have been used for industrial, manufacturing, military or disposal activity. Such environmental risks include the possible diminution of the value of a contaminated property or, as discussed below, potential liability for clean-up costs or other remedial actions that could exceed the value of the property or the amount of the lender’s loan. In certain circumstances, a lender may decide to abandon a contaminated mortgaged property as collateral for its loan rather than foreclose and risk liability for clean-up costs.

 

Superlien Laws

 

Under the laws of many states, contamination on a property may give rise to a lien on the property for clean-up costs. In several states, such a lien has priority over all existing liens, including those of existing mortgages. In these states, the lien of a mortgage may lose its priority to such a “superlien”.

 

CERCLA

 

The federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended (“CERCLA“), imposes strict liability on present and past “owners” and “operators” of contaminated real property for the costs of clean-up. A secured lender may be liable as an “owner” or “operator” of a contaminated mortgaged property if agents or employees of the lender have participated in the management or operation of such mortgaged property. Such liability may exist even if the lender did not cause or contribute to the contamination and regardless of whether the lender has actually taken possession of a mortgaged property through foreclosure, deed-in-lieu of foreclosure or otherwise. Moreover, such liability is not limited to the original or unamortized principal balance of a loan or to the value of the property securing a loan. Excluded from CERCLA’s definition of “owner” or “operator,” however, is a person “who, without participating in the management of the facility, holds indicia of ownership primarily to protect his security interest”. This is the so called “secured creditor exemption”.

 

The Asset Conservation, Lender Liability and Deposit Insurance Protection Act of 1996 (the “1996 Act“) amended, among other things, the provisions of CERCLA with respect to lender liability and the secured creditor exemption. The 1996 Act offers protection to lenders by defining the activities in which a lender can engage and still have the benefit of the secured creditor exemption. In order for a lender to be deemed to have participated in the management of a mortgaged property, the lender must actually participate in the

 

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operational affairs of the property of the borrower. The 1996 Act provides that “merely having the capacity to influence, or unexercised right to control” operations does not constitute participation in management. A lender will lose the protection of the secured creditor exemption if it exercises decision-making control over the borrower’s environmental compliance and hazardous substance handling or disposal practices, or assumes day-to-day management of environmental or substantially all other operational functions of the mortgaged property. The 1996 Act also provides that a lender will continue to have the benefit of the secured creditor exemption even if it forecloses on a mortgaged property, purchases it at a foreclosure sale or accepts a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, provided that the lender seeks to sell the mortgaged property at the earliest practicable commercially reasonable time on commercially reasonable terms.

 

Certain Other Federal and State Laws

 

Many states have statutes similar to CERCLA, and not all of those statutes provide for a secured creditor exemption. In addition, under federal law, there is potential liability relating to hazardous wastes and underground storage tanks under the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.

 

Some federal, state and local laws, regulations and ordinances govern the management, removal, encapsulation or disturbance of asbestos-containing materials. These laws, as well as common law standards, may impose liability for releases of or exposure to asbestos-containing materials, and provide for third parties to seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injuries associated with those releases.

 

Federal legislation requires owners of residential housing constructed prior to 1978 to disclose to potential residents or purchasers any known lead-based paint hazards and will impose treble damages for any failure to disclose. In addition, the ingestion of lead-based paint chips or dust particles by children can result in lead poisoning. If lead-based paint hazards exist at a property, then the owner of that property may be held liable for injuries and for the costs of removal or encapsulation of the lead-based paint.

 

In a few states, transfers of some types of properties are conditioned upon clean-up of contamination prior to transfer. In these cases, a lender that becomes the owner of a property through foreclosure, deed-in-lieu of foreclosure or otherwise, may be required to clean up the contamination before selling or otherwise transferring the property.

 

Beyond statute-based environmental liability, there exist common law causes of action (for example, actions based on nuisance or on toxic tort resulting in death, personal injury or damage to property) related to hazardous environmental conditions on a property. While it may be more difficult to hold a lender liable under common law causes of action, unanticipated or uninsured liabilities of the borrower may jeopardize the borrower’s ability to meet its loan obligations or may decrease the re-sale value of the collateral.

 

Additional Considerations

 

The cost of remediating hazardous substance contamination at a property can be substantial. If a lender becomes liable, it can bring an action for contribution against the owner or operator who created the environmental hazard, but that individual or entity may be without substantial assets. Accordingly, it is possible that such costs could become a liability of the issuing entity and occasion a loss to the certificateholders.

 

If a lender forecloses on a mortgage secured by a property, the operations on which are subject to environmental laws and regulations, the lender will be required to operate the

 

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property in accordance with those laws and regulations. Such compliance may entail substantial expense, especially in the case of industrial or manufacturing properties.

 

In addition, a lender may be obligated to disclose environmental conditions on a property to government entities and/or to prospective buyers (including prospective buyers at a foreclosure sale or following foreclosure). Such disclosure may decrease the amount that prospective buyers are willing to pay for the affected property, sometimes substantially, and thereby decrease the ability of the lender to recover its investment in a loan upon foreclosure.

 

Due-on-Sale and Due-on-Encumbrance Provisions

 

Certain of the mortgage loans may contain “due-on-sale” and “due-on-encumbrance” clauses that purport to permit the lender to accelerate the maturity of the loan if the borrower transfers or encumbers the related mortgaged property. The Garn-St Germain Depository Institutions Act of 1982 (the “Garn Act“) generally preempts state laws that prohibit the enforcement of due-on-sale clauses and permits lenders to enforce these clauses in accordance with their terms, subject to certain limitations as set forth in the Garn Act and related regulations. Accordingly, a lender may nevertheless have the right to accelerate the maturity of a mortgage loan that contains a “due-on-sale” provision upon transfer of an interest in the property, without regard to the lender’s ability to demonstrate that a sale threatens its legitimate security interest.

 

Subordinate Financing

 

The terms of certain of the mortgage loans may not restrict the ability of the borrower to use the mortgaged property as security for one or more additional loans, or such restrictions may be unenforceable. Where a borrower encumbers a mortgaged property with one or more junior liens, the senior lender is subjected to additional risk. First, the borrower may have difficulty servicing and repaying multiple loans. Moreover, if the subordinate financing permits recourse to the borrower (as-is frequently the case) and the senior loan does not, a borrower may have more incentive to repay sums due on the subordinate loan. Second, acts of the senior lender that prejudice the junior lender or impair the junior lender’s security may create a superior equity in favor of the junior lender. For example, if the borrower and the senior lender agree to an increase in the principal amount of or the interest rate payable on the senior loan, the senior lender may lose its priority to the extent any existing junior lender is harmed or the borrower is additionally burdened. Third, if the borrower defaults on the senior loan and/or any junior loan or loans, the existence of junior loans and actions taken by junior lenders can impair the security available to the senior lender and can interfere with or delay the taking of action by the senior lender. Moreover, the bankruptcy of a junior lender may operate to stay foreclosure or similar proceedings by the senior lender.

 

Default Interest and Limitations on Prepayments

 

Promissory notes and mortgages may contain provisions that obligate the borrower to pay a late charge or additional interest if payments are not timely made, and in some circumstances, may prohibit prepayments for a specified period and/or condition prepayments upon the borrower’s payment of prepayment fees or yield maintenance penalties. In certain states, there are or may be specific limitations upon the late charges which a lender may collect from a borrower for delinquent payments. Certain states also limit the amounts that a lender may collect from a borrower as an additional charge if the loan is prepaid. In addition, the enforceability of provisions that provide for prepayment fees or penalties upon an involuntary prepayment is unclear under the laws of many states.

 

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Applicability of Usury Laws

 

Title V of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980 (“Title V“) provides that state usury limitations will not apply to certain types of residential (including multifamily) first mortgage loans originated by certain lenders after March 31, 1980. Title V authorized any state to reimpose interest rate limits by adopting, before April 1, 1983, a law or constitutional provision that expressly rejects application of the federal law. In addition, even where Title V is not so rejected, any state is authorized by the law to adopt a provision limiting discount points or other charges on mortgage loans covered by Title V. Certain states have taken action to reimpose interest rate limits and/or to limit discount points or other charges.

 

Statutes differ in their provisions as to the consequences of a usurious loan. One group of statutes requires the lender to forfeit the interest due above the applicable limit or impose a specified penalty. Under this statutory scheme, the borrower may cancel the recorded mortgage or deed of trust upon paying its debt with lawful interest, and the lender may foreclose, but only for the debt plus lawful interest. A second group of statutes is more severe. A violation of this type of usury law results in the invalidation of the transaction, thereby permitting the borrower to cancel the recorded mortgage or deed of trust without any payment or prohibiting the lender from foreclosing.

 

Americans with Disabilities Act

 

Under Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 and related regulations (collectively, the “ADA“), in order to protect individuals with disabilities, public accommodations (such as hotel properties, restaurants, shopping centers, hospitals, schools and social service center establishments) must remove architectural and communication barriers which are structural in nature from existing places of public accommodation to the extent “readily achievable”. In addition, under the ADA, alterations to a place of public accommodation or a commercial facility are to be made so that, to the maximum extent feasible, such altered portions are readily accessible to and usable by disabled individuals. The “readily achievable” standard takes into account, among other factors, the financial resources of the affected site, owner, landlord or other applicable person. In addition to imposing a possible financial burden on the borrower in its capacity as owner or landlord, the ADA may also impose such requirements on a foreclosing lender who succeeds to the interest of the borrower as owner or landlord. Furthermore, since the “readily achievable” standard may vary depending on the financial condition of the owner or landlord, a foreclosing lender who is financially more capable than the borrower of complying with the requirements of the ADA may be subject to more stringent requirements than those to which the borrower is subject.

 

Servicemembers Civil Relief Act

 

Under the terms of the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act as amended (the “Relief Act“), a borrower who enters military service after the origination of such borrower’s mortgage loan (including a borrower who was in reserve status and is called to active duty after origination of the mortgage loan), upon notification by such borrower, will not be charged interest, including fees and charges, in excess of 6% per annum during the period of such borrower’s active duty status. In addition to adjusting the interest, the lender must forgive any such interest in excess of 6% unless a court or administrative agency orders otherwise upon application of the lender. The Relief Act applies to individuals who are members of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines, National Guard, Reserves, Coast Guard and officers of the U.S. Public Health Service or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration assigned to duty with the military. Because the Relief Act applies to individuals who enter military

 

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service (including reservists who are called to active duty) after origination of the related mortgage loan, no information can be provided as to the number of loans with individuals as borrowers that may be affected by the Relief Act. Application of the Relief Act would adversely affect, for an indeterminate period of time, the ability of the master servicer or special servicer to collect full amounts of interest on certain of the mortgage loans. Any shortfalls in interest collections resulting from the application of the Relief Act would result in a reduction of the amounts distributable to the holders of certificates, and would not be covered by advances or, any form of credit support provided in connection with the certificates. In addition, the Relief Act imposes limitations that would impair the ability of a lender to foreclose on an affected mortgage loan during the borrower’s period of active duty status, and, under certain circumstances, during an additional three-month period thereafter.

 

Anti-Money Laundering, Economic Sanctions and Bribery

 

Many jurisdictions have adopted wide-ranging anti-money laundering, economic and trade sanctions, and anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws, and regulations (collectively, the “Requirements“). Any of the depositor, the issuing entity, the underwriters or other party to the PSA could be requested or required to obtain certain assurances from prospective investors intending to purchase certificates and to retain such information or to disclose information pertaining to them to governmental, regulatory or other authorities or to financial intermediaries or engage in due diligence or take other related actions in the future. Failure to honor any request by the depositor, the issuing entity, the underwriters or other party to the PSA to provide requested information or take such other actions as may be necessary or advisable for the depositor, the issuing entity, the underwriters or other party to the PSA to comply with any Requirements, related legal process or appropriate requests (whether formal or informal) may result in, among other things, a forced sale to another investor of such investor’s certificates. In addition, it is expected that each of the depositor, the issuing entity, the underwriters and the other parties to the PSA will comply with the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act, U.S. Bank Secrecy Act, the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (also known as the “Patriot Act“) and any other anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism, economic and trade sanctions, and anti-corruption or anti-bribery laws, and regulations of the United States and other countries, and will disclose any information required or requested by authorities in connection with such compliance.

 

Potential Forfeiture of Assets

 

Federal law provides that assets (including property purchased or improved with assets) derived from criminal activity or otherwise tainted, or used in the commission of certain offenses, is subject to the blocking requirements of economic sanctions laws and regulations, and can be blocked and/or seized and ordered forfeited to the United States of America. The offenses that can trigger such a blocking and/or seizure and forfeiture include, among others, violations of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, the U.S. Bank Secrecy Act, the anti-money laundering, anti-terrorism, economic sanctions, and anti-bribery laws and regulations, including the Patriot Act and the regulations issued pursuant to that act, as well as the narcotic drug laws. In many instances, the United States may seize the property even before a conviction occurs.

 

In the event of a forfeiture proceeding, a lender may be able to establish its interest in the property by proving that (a) its mortgage was executed and recorded before the commission of the illegal conduct from which the assets used to purchase or improve the property were derived or before the commission of any other crime upon which the forfeiture is based, or (b) the lender, at the time of the execution of the mortgage, “did not

 

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know or was reasonably without cause to believe that the property was subject to forfeiture”. However, there is no assurance that such a defense will be successful.

 

Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties

 

Wells Fargo Bank and its affiliates are playing several roles in this transaction. Wells Fargo Bank, a sponsor, an originator, a mortgage loan seller and the holder of one of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Companion Loans, is also the master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under this securitization and is an affiliate of Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc., the depositor, and of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, one of the underwriters. In addition, Wells Fargo Bank is (i) the master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the WFCM 2018-C47 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio whole loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio whole loan, (ii) the servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BBCMS 2018-CHRS TSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Christiana Mall whole loan, (iii) the applicable master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio whole loan, (iv) the servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Aventura Mall whole loan, (v) expected to be the master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA, which is expected to govern the servicing and administration of the Home Depot Technology Center whole loan, (vi) the trustee, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Liberty Portfolio whole loan, and (vii) the applicable master servicer, the certificate administrator and the custodian under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, which governs the servicing and administration of the Fair Oaks Mall whole loan.

 

In addition, Wells Fargo Bank is the purchaser under separate repurchase agreements with each of Argentic, Basis Real Estate Capital and BSPRT, or, in each case, with a wholly-owned subsidiary or other affiliate thereof, for the purpose of providing short-term warehousing of commercial mortgage loans originated or acquired by Argentic, Basis Real Estate Capital or BSPRT, as applicable, or in any such case by its affiliates.

 

In the case of the repurchase facility provided by Wells Fargo Bank to BSPRT, for which BSPRT’s affiliate is the primary obligor, Wells Fargo Bank has agreed to purchase certain commercial mortgage loans from such affiliate on a revolving basis. None of the mortgage loans that will be sold by BSPRT to the depositor in connection with this securitization transaction are subject to such repurchase facility.

 

In the case of the repurchase facility provided by Wells Fargo Bank to Basis Real Estate Capital, Wells Fargo Bank has agreed to purchase mortgage loans from Basis Real Estate Capital on a revolving basis. All of the mortgage loans that will be sold by Basis Real Estate Capital to the depositor in connection with this securitization transaction, having an aggregate Cut-off Date Principal Balance of $109,604,372, are subject to such repurchase facility. Additionally, Basis Real Estate Capital or a wholly-owned subsidiary or other affiliate of Basis Real Estate Capital, is party to an interest rate hedging arrangement with Wells Fargo Bank with respect to some or all of the Mortgage Loans that Basis Real Estate Capital will transfer to the depositor in connection with this securitization transaction. This hedging arrangement will terminate in connection with the contribution of those Mortgage Loans to this securitization transaction.

 

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In the case of the repurchase facility provided to Argentic, Wells Fargo Bank has agreed to purchase mortgage loans from such subsidiary on a revolving basis. Argentic guarantees the performance by its wholly-owned subsidiary of certain obligations under the repurchase facility. The aggregate Cut-off Date Balance of the Argentic Mortgage Loans that are (or, as of the Closing Date, are expected to be) subject to that repurchase facility is projected to equal approximately $300,741,141. Proceeds received by Argentic in connection with this securitization transaction will be used, in part, to repurchase, through its subsidiary, from Wells Fargo Bank, each of the Argentic Mortgage Loans subject to such repurchase facility, which Mortgage Loans will be transferred to the depositor free and clear of any liens.

 

Additionally, Argentic or a wholly-owned subsidiary or other affiliate of Argentic, is party to an interest rate hedging arrangement with Wells Fargo Bank with respect to some or all of the Mortgage Loans that Argentic will transfer to the depositor. This hedging arrangement will terminate in connection with the contribution of those Mortgage Loans to this securitization transaction.

 

As a result of the matters discussed above, this securitization transaction will reduce the economic exposure of Wells Fargo Bank to the Mortgage Loans that are to be transferred by Argentic and Basis Real Estate Capital, respectively, to the depositor.

 

Wells Fargo Bank is (or, as of the Closing Date, is expected to be) the interim custodian of the loan files for some or all of the Barclays Mortgage Loans, the Basis Mortgage Loans and the Argentic Mortgage Loans.

 

While Wells Fargo Bank may have undertaken some evaluation of the Mortgage Loans originated or acquired by such mortgage loan sellers, any such review was undertaken by it solely for the purpose of determining whether such Mortgage Loans were eligible for financing under the terms of the related warehouse financing and was unrelated to this offering. In addition, we cannot assure you that such review was undertaken and, if undertaken, any such review was limited in scope to that specific purpose. The related mortgage loan sellers are solely responsible for the underwriting of their Mortgage Loans as well as the Mortgage Loan representations and warranties related thereto.

 

Pursuant to certain interim servicing agreements between Wells Fargo Bank and Argentic, a sponsor, an originator, and a mortgage loan seller, or certain affiliates of Argentic, Wells Fargo Bank acts as primary servicer, from time to time, with respect to certain mortgage loans owned by Argentic or such affiliates of Argentic (subject, in some cases, to the repurchase facility described above) including prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the Argentic Mortgage Loans.

 

Pursuant to certain interim servicing agreements between Wells Fargo Bank, on the one hand, and Barclays, each a sponsor, an originator and a mortgage loan seller, and certain affiliates of Barclays, on the other hand, Wells Fargo Bank acts, from time to time, as primary servicer with respect to certain mortgage loans owned by Barclays and/or such affiliates of Barclays, including, prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the Barclays Mortgage Loans.

 

Pursuant to an interim servicing agreement between Wells Fargo Bank and Basis Real Estate Capital, a sponsor, an originator, and a mortgage loan seller, Wells Fargo Bank acts from time to time as primary servicer with respect to certain mortgage loans owned by Basis Real Estate Capital (subject, in some cases, to the repurchase facility described above in this paragraph) from time to time, including, prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the Basis Mortgage Loans.

 

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Pursuant to a certain interim servicing agreement between Wells Fargo Bank and Benefit Street Partners CRE Finance LLC, an affiliate of BSPRT, a sponsor, an originator and a mortgage loan seller, Wells Fargo Bank acts from time to time as primary servicer with respect to certain mortgage loans owned by such affiliate, including, prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the BSPRT Mortgage Loans.

 

Wells Fargo Bank acts as primary servicer with respect to certain mortgage loans it owns, which may include, prior to their inclusion in the issuing entity, some or all of the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans.

 

Wells Fargo Bank is expected to enter into one or more agreements with the other sponsors to purchase the master servicing rights to the related Mortgage Loans and/or the right to be appointed as the master servicer with respect to such Mortgage Loans and to purchase the primary servicing rights to certain of the Mortgage Loans.

 

LNR Partners assisted Argentic Securities Holdings Cayman Limited (or its affiliate), which is expected to purchase the Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR, Class H-RR and Class V certificates and is expected to be appointed as the initial directing certificateholder, with due diligence relating to the mortgage loans to be included in the mortgage pool.

 

LNR Partners is also (i) expected to be the special servicer under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA which is expected to govern the servicing of the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan and an LNR Partners affiliate, LNRSH, is expected to be the directing certificateholder, and (ii) the special servicer under the Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA, which governs the servicing of the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan, and LNRSH is currently the owner of a minority interest in the controlling class.

 

Barclays, a sponsor, an originator and a mortgage loan seller, is an affiliate of Barclays Capital Inc., one of the underwriters.

 

In the case of certain Mortgage Loans, a mezzanine loan secured by equity interests in the related borrower may be held by the related mortgage loan seller or one of its affiliates.

 

Wilmington Trust, National Association, the trustee, is also (i) the trustee under the WFCM 2018-C47 PSA which governs the servicing of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan and the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan, (ii) the trustee under the BBCMS 2018-CHRS TSA, which governs the servicing of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan, (iii) the trustee under the BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA which governs the servicing of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan, (iv) the trustee under the Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA, which governs the servicing of the Aventura Mall Whole Loan, (v) expected to be the trustee under the BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA, which is expected to govern the servicing of the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan, and (vi) the trustee under the BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA, which governs the servicing of the Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan.

 

See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer”, “—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Asset Representations Reviewer”, “—Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Directing Certificateholder and the Companion Holders” and “—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Performance of the Mortgage Loans Will Be Highly Dependent on the Performance of Tenants and Tenant Leases—Mortgaged Properties Leased to Borrowers or Borrower Affiliated Entities Also Have Risks”. For a description of certain other affiliations, relationships and related transactions, to the extent known and material, among the transaction parties, see the individual descriptions of the transaction parties under “Transaction Parties”.

 

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Pending Legal Proceedings Involving Transaction Parties

 

While the sponsors have been involved in, and are currently involved in, certain litigation or potential litigation, including actions relating to repurchase claims, there are no legal proceedings pending, or any proceedings known to be contemplated by any governmental authorities, against the sponsors that are material to Certificateholders.

 

For a description of certain other material legal proceedings pending against the transaction parties, see the individual descriptions of the transaction parties under “Transaction Parties”.

 

Use of Proceeds

 

Certain of the net proceeds from the sale of the Offered Certificates, together with the net proceeds from the sale of the other certificates not being offered by this prospectus, will be used by the depositor to purchase the mortgage loans from the mortgage loan sellers and to pay certain expenses in connection with the issuance of the certificates.

 

Yield and Maturity Considerations

 

Yield Considerations

 

General

 

The yield to maturity on the Offered Certificates will depend upon the price paid by the investors, the rate and timing of the distributions in reduction of the Certificate Balance or Notional Amount of the applicable class of Offered Certificates, the extent to which Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums allocated to the class of Offered Certificates are collected, and the rate, timing and severity of losses on the Mortgage Loans and the extent to which such losses are allocable in reduction of the Certificate Balance or Notional Amount of the class of Offered Certificates, as well as prevailing interest rates at the time of payment or loss realization.

 

Rate and Timing of Principal Payments

 

The rate and amount of distributions in reduction of the Certificate Balance of any class of Offered Certificates that are also Principal Balance Certificates and the yield to maturity of any class of Offered Certificates will be directly related to the rate of payments of principal (both scheduled and unscheduled) on the Mortgage Loans, as well as borrower defaults and the severity of losses occurring upon a default and the resulting rate and timing of collections made in connection with liquidations of Mortgage Loans due to these defaults. Principal payments on the Mortgage Loans will be affected by their amortization schedules, lockout periods, defeasance provisions, provisions relating to the release and/or application of earnout reserves, provisions requiring prepayments in connection with the release of real property collateral, requirements to pay Yield Maintenance Charges or Prepayment Premiums in connection with principal payments, the dates on which balloon payments are due, incentives for a borrower to repay an ARD Loan by the related Anticipated Repayment Date, property release provisions, provisions relating to the application or release of earnout reserves, and any extensions of maturity dates by the master servicer or special servicer. While voluntary prepayments of some Mortgage Loans are generally prohibited during applicable prepayment lockout periods, effective prepayments may occur if a sufficiently significant portion of a mortgaged property is lost due to casualty or condemnation. In addition, such distributions in reduction of Certificate Balances of the respective classes of Offered Certificates that are also Principal Balance Certificates may result from repurchases of, or substitutions for, Mortgage Loans made by the sponsors due to missing or defective

 

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documentation or breaches of representations and warranties with respect to the Mortgage Loans as described under “Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements” or purchases of the Mortgage Loans in the manner described under “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination; Retirement of Certificates”, and the exercise of purchase options by the holder of a mezzanine loan, if any. Additionally, in some cases, a borrower is required to apply a holdback reserve to prepayment of the related Mortgage Loan if certain release conditions are not satisfied. See “Description of the Mortgage Loan—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Escrows”. To the extent a Mortgage Loan requires payment of a Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium in connection with a voluntary prepayment, any such Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium generally is not due in connection with a prepayment due to casualty or condemnation, is not included in the purchase price of a Mortgage Loan purchased or repurchased due to a breach of a representation or warranty or otherwise, and may not be enforceable or collectible upon a default.

 

Because the certificates with Notional Amounts are not entitled to distributions of principal, the yield on such certificates will be extremely sensitive to prepayments received in respect of the Mortgage Loans allocated to the certificates to the extent distributed to reduce the related Notional Amount of the applicable class of certificates. In addition, although the borrower under an ARD Loan may have certain incentives to prepay such ARD Loan on its Anticipated Repayment Date, we cannot assure you that the borrower will be able to prepay such ARD Loan on its related Anticipated Repayment Date. The failure of the borrower to prepay an ARD Loan on its Anticipated Repayment Date will not be an event of default under the terms of such ARD Loan, and pursuant to the terms of the PSA, neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will be permitted to take any enforcement action with respect to the borrower’s failure to pay Excess Interest until the scheduled maturity of such ARD Loan; provided that the master servicer or special servicer, as the case may be, may take action to enforce the issuing entity’s right to apply excess cash flow to principal in accordance with the terms of the respective ARD Loan documents. Moreover, with respect to the Class A-SB certificates, the extent to which the planned balances are achieved and the sensitivity of the Class A-SB certificates to principal prepayments on the mortgage loans allocated to the certificates will depend in part on the period of time during which the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates remain outstanding. As such, the Class A-SB certificates will become more sensitive to the rate of prepayments on the mortgage loans allocated to the certificates than they were when the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates were outstanding.

 

The extent to which the yield to maturity of any class of Offered Certificates may vary from the anticipated yield will depend upon the degree to which the certificates are purchased at a discount or premium and when, and to what degree, payments of principal on the Mortgage Loans are in turn distributed on the certificates or, in the case of the Class X-A or Class X-B certificates, applied to reduce their Notional Amounts. An investor should consider, in the case of any certificate (other than a certificate with a Notional Amount) purchased at a discount, the risk that a slower than anticipated rate of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans allocated to the certificates could result in an actual yield to such investor that is lower than the anticipated yield and, in the case of any certificate purchased at a premium (including certificates with Notional Amounts), the risk that a faster than anticipated rate of principal payments could result in an actual yield to such investor that is lower than the anticipated yield. In general, the earlier a payment of principal on the Mortgage Loans is distributed or otherwise results in reduction of the Certificate Balance of a certificate purchased at a discount or premium, the greater will be the effect on an investor’s yield to maturity. As a result, the effect on an investor’s yield of principal payments distributed on an investor’s certificates occurring at a rate higher (or lower) than

 

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the rate anticipated by the investor during any particular period would not be fully offset by a subsequent like reduction (or increase) in the rate of principal payments.

 

The yield on each of the classes of certificates that have a Pass-Through Rate equal to, limited by, or based on, the WAC Rate could (or in the case of any class of certificates with a Pass-Through Rate equal to, or based on, the WAC Rate, would) be adversely affected if Mortgage Loans with higher Mortgage Rates prepay faster than Mortgage Loans with lower Mortgage Rates. The Pass-Through Rates on these classes of certificates may be adversely affected by a decrease in the WAC Rate even if principal prepayments do not occur.

 

Losses and Shortfalls

 

The Certificate Balance or Notional Amount of any class of Offered Certificates may be reduced without distributions of principal as a result of the occurrence and allocation of Realized Losses, reducing the maximum amount distributable in respect of principal on the Offered Certificates that are Principal Balance Certificates as well as the amount of interest that would have otherwise been payable on the Offered Certificates in the absence of such reduction. In general, a Realized Loss occurs when the principal balance of a Mortgage Loan is reduced without an equal distribution to applicable Certificateholders in reduction of the Certificate Balances of the certificates. Realized Losses may occur in connection with a default on a Mortgage Loan, acceptance of a discounted pay-off, the liquidation of the related Mortgaged Properties, a reduction in the principal balance of a Mortgage Loan by a bankruptcy court or pursuant to a modification, a recovery by the master servicer or trustee of a Nonrecoverable Advance on a Distribution Date or the incurrence of certain unanticipated or default-related costs and expenses (such as interest on Advances, Workout Fees, Liquidation Fees and Special Servicing Fees). Any reduction of the Certificate Balances of the classes of certificates indicated in the table below as a result of the application of Realized Losses will also reduce the Notional Amount of the related certificates.

 

Interest-Only
Class of Certificates

 

Class Notional Amount

 

Underlying Classes

Class X-A   $ 583,753,000   Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates
Class X-B   $ 138,642,000   Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates

 

 

Certificateholders are not entitled to receive distributions of Periodic Payments when due except to the extent they are either covered by a P&I Advance or actually received. Consequently, any defaulted Periodic Payment for which no such P&I Advance is made will tend to extend the weighted average lives of the Offered Certificates, whether or not a permitted extension of the due date of the related Mortgage Loan has been completed.

 

Certain Relevant Factors Affecting Loan Payments and Defaults

 

The rate and timing of principal payments and defaults and the severity of losses on the Mortgage Loans may be affected by a number of factors, including, without limitation, the availability of credit for commercial or multifamily real estate, prevailing interest rates, the terms of the Mortgage Loans (for example, due-on-sale clauses, lockout periods or Yield Maintenance Charges, release of property provisions, amortization terms that require balloon payments, performance reserves being applied to repay a mortgage loan if certain criteria are not timely satisfied and incentives for a borrower to repay its mortgage loan by an anticipated repayment date), the demographics and relative economic vitality of the areas in which the Mortgaged Properties are located and the general supply and demand for

 

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rental properties in those areas, the quality of management of the Mortgaged Properties, the servicing of the Mortgage Loans, possible changes in tax laws and other opportunities for investment. See “Risk Factors” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool”.

 

The rate of prepayment on the pool of Mortgage Loans is likely to be affected by prevailing market interest rates for Mortgage Loans of a comparable type, term and risk level as the Mortgage Loans. When the prevailing market interest rate is below a mortgage interest rate, a borrower may have an increased incentive to refinance its Mortgage Loan. Although the Mortgage Loans contain provisions designed to mitigate the likelihood of an early loan repayment, we cannot assure you that the related borrowers will refrain from prepaying their Mortgage Loans due to the existence of these provisions, or that involuntary prepayments will not occur. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans”.

 

With respect to certain Mortgage Loans, the related Mortgage Loan documents allow for the sale of individual properties and the severance of the related debt and the assumption by the transferee of such portion of the Mortgage Loan as-is allocable to the individual property acquired by that transferee, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. In addition, with respect to certain Mortgage Loans, the related Mortgage Loan documents allow for partial releases of individual Mortgaged Properties during a lockout period or during such time as a Yield Maintenance Charge would otherwise be payable, which could result in a prepayment of a portion of the initial principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan without payment of a Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium. Additionally, in the case of a partial release of an individual Mortgaged Property, the related release amount in many cases is greater than the allocated loan amount for the Mortgaged Property being released, which would result in a greater than proportionate paydown of the Mortgage Loan. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans—Releases; Partial Releases”.

 

Depending on prevailing market interest rates, the outlook for market interest rates and economic conditions generally, some borrowers may sell Mortgaged Properties in order to realize their equity in the Mortgaged Property, to meet cash flow needs or to make other investments. In addition, some borrowers may be motivated by federal and state tax laws (which are subject to change) to sell Mortgaged Properties prior to the exhaustion of tax depreciation benefits.

 

We make no representation as to the particular factors that will affect the rate and timing of prepayments and defaults on the Mortgage Loans, as to the relative importance of those factors, as to the percentage of the principal balance of the Mortgage Loans that will be prepaid or as to which a default will have occurred as of any date or as to the overall rate of prepayment or default on the Mortgage Loans.

 

Delay in Payment of Distributions

 

Because each monthly distribution is made on each Distribution Date, which is at least 15 days after the end of the related Interest Accrual Period for the certificates, the effective yield to the holders of such certificates will be lower than the yield that would otherwise be produced by the applicable Pass-Through Rates and purchase prices (assuming the prices did not account for the delay).

 

Yield on the Certificates with Notional Amounts

 

The yield to maturity of the certificates with Notional Amounts will be highly sensitive to the rate and timing of reductions made to the Certificate Balances of the classes of

 

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certificates indicated in the table below, including by reason of prepayments and principal losses on the Mortgage Loans allocated to the certificates and other factors described above.

 

Interest-Only
Class of Certificates

 

Class Notional Amount

 

Underlying Classes

Class X-A   $ 583,753,000   Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4 and Class A-5 certificates
Class X-B   $ 138,642,000   Class A-S, Class B and Class C certificates

 

Any optional termination by the holders of the Controlling Class, the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates would result in prepayment in full of the Offered Certificates and would have an adverse effect on the yield of a class of the certificates with a Notional Amount because a termination would have an effect similar to a principal prepayment in full of the Mortgage Loans and, as a result, investors in these certificates and any other Offered Certificates purchased at premium might not fully recoup their initial investment. See “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Termination; Retirement of Certificates”.

 

Investors in the certificates with a Notional Amount should fully consider the associated risks, including the risk that an extremely rapid rate of prepayment or other liquidation of the Mortgage Loans could result in the failure of such investors to recoup fully their initial investments.

 

Weighted Average Life

 

The weighted average life of a Principal Balance Certificate refers to the average amount of time that will elapse from the date of its issuance until each dollar to be applied in reduction of the aggregate certificate balance of those certificates is paid to the related investor. The weighted average life of a Principal Balance Certificate will be influenced by, among other things, the rate at which principal on the Mortgage Loans is paid or otherwise received, which may be in the form of scheduled amortization, voluntary prepayments, Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds and Liquidation Proceeds. Distributions among the various classes of certificates will be made as set forth under “Description of the Certificates—Distributions—Priority of Distributions”.

 

Prepayments on Mortgage Loans may be measured by a prepayment standard or model. The “Constant Prepayment Rate“ or “CPR“ model represents an assumed constant annual rate of prepayment each month, expressed as a per annum percentage of the then-scheduled principal balance of the pool of Mortgage Loans. The “CPY“ model represents an assumed CPR prepayment rate after any applicable lockout period, any applicable period in which defeasance is permitted and any applicable yield maintenance period. The depositor also may utilize the “CPP“ model, which represents an assumed CPR prepayment rate after any applicable lockout period, any applicable period in which defeasance is permitted, any applicable yield maintenance period and after any fixed penalty period. The model used in this prospectus is the CPP model. As used in each of the following tables, the column headed “0% CPP” assumes that none of the Mortgage Loans is prepaid before its maturity date or Anticipated Repayment Date, as the case may be. The columns headed “25% CPP”, “50% CPP”, “75% CPP” and “100% CPP” assume that prepayments on the Mortgage Loans are made at those levels of CPP. We cannot assure you, however, that prepayments of the Mortgage Loans will conform to any level of CPP, and we make no representation that the Mortgage Loans will prepay at the levels of CPP shown or at any other prepayment rate.

 

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The following tables indicate the percentage of the initial Certificate Balance of each class of Offered Certificates that are also Principal Balance Certificates that would be outstanding after each of the dates shown at various CPPs and the corresponding weighted average life of each such class of Offered Certificates. The tables have been prepared on the basis of the following assumptions (the “Structuring Assumptions“), among others:

 

except as otherwise set forth below, the Mortgage Loans have the characteristics set forth on Annex A-1 to this prospectus and the aggregate Cut-off Date Balance of the Mortgage Loans is as described in this prospectus;

 

the initial aggregate certificate balance or notional amount, as the case may be, of each interest-bearing class of certificates is as described in this prospectus;

 

the pass-through rate for each interest-bearing class of certificates is as described in this prospectus;

 

no delinquencies, defaults or losses occur with respect to any of the Mortgage Loans;

 

no additional trust fund expenses (including Operating Advisor Expenses) arise, no Servicing Advances are made under the PSA and the only expenses of the issuing entity consist of the Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fees, the Servicing Fees, the CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fees, the Asset Representations Reviewer Fees and the Operating Advisor fees, each as set forth on Annex A-1;

 

there are no modifications, extensions, waivers or amendments affecting the monthly debt service payments by borrowers on the Mortgage Loans;

 

each of the Mortgage Loans provides for monthly debt service payments to be due on the first day of each month, regardless of the actual day of the month on which those payments are otherwise due and regardless of whether the subject date is a business day or not;

 

all monthly debt service or balloon payments on the Mortgage Loans are timely received by the master servicer on behalf of the issuing entity on the day on which they are assumed to be due or paid as described in the immediately preceding bullet;

 

each ARD Loan in the trust fund is paid in full on its Anticipated Repayment Date;

 

no involuntary prepayments are received as to any Mortgage Loan at any time (including, without limitation, as a result of any application of escrows, reserve or holdback amounts if performance criteria are not satisfied);

 

except as described in the next two succeeding bullets, no voluntary prepayments are received as to any Mortgage Loan during that Mortgage Loan’s prepayment lockout period, any period when defeasance is permitted, or during any period when principal prepayments on that Mortgage Loan are required to be accompanied by a Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge;

 

except as otherwise assumed in the immediately preceding two bullets, prepayments are made on each of the Mortgage Loans at the indicated CPPs set forth in the subject tables or other relevant part of this prospectus, without regard to any limitations in those Mortgage Loans on partial voluntary principal prepayments;

 

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all prepayments on the Mortgage Loans are assumed to be accompanied by a full month’s interest and no Prepayment Interest Shortfalls occur;

 

no Yield Maintenance Charges or Prepayment Premiums are collected;

 

no person or entity entitled thereto exercises its right of optional termination as described in this prospectus;

 

no Mortgage Loan is required to be repurchased, and none of the holders of the Controlling Class (or any other Certificateholder), the special servicer, the master servicer or the holders of the Class R certificates will exercise its option to purchase all the Mortgage Loans and thereby cause an early termination of the issuing entity and no holder of any mezzanine debt or other indebtedness will exercise its option to purchase the related Mortgage Loan;

 

distributions on the Offered Certificates are made on the 15th day of each month, commencing in January 2019;

 

the Offered Certificates are settled with investors on December 20, 2018; and

 

the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan (3.1%) and the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan (1.1%) amortize based on the assumed principal payment schedules set forth on Annex A-4 and Annex A-5, respectively.

 

To the extent that the Mortgage Loans have characteristics that differ from those assumed in preparing the tables set forth below, a class of Principal Balance Certificates may mature earlier or later than indicated by the tables. The tables set forth below are for illustrative purposes only and it is highly unlikely that the Mortgage Loans will actually prepay at any constant rate until maturity or that all the Mortgage Loans will prepay at the same rate. In addition, variations in the actual prepayment experience and the balance of the Mortgage Loans that prepay may increase or decrease the percentages of initial Certificate Balances (and weighted average lives) shown in the following tables. These variations may occur even if the average prepayment experience of the Mortgage Loans were to equal any of the specified CPP percentages. Investors should not rely on the prepayment assumptions set forth in this prospectus and are urged to conduct their own analyses of the rates at which the Mortgage Loans may be expected to prepay, based on their own assumptions. Based on the foregoing assumptions, the following tables indicate the resulting weighted average lives of each class of Offered Certificates and set forth the percentage of the initial Certificate Balance of the class of the certificate that would be outstanding after each of the dates shown at the indicated CPPs.

 

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Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class A-1 Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   81%   81%   81%   81%   81%
December 2020   61%   61%   61%   61%   61%
December 2021   36%   36%   36%   36%   36%
December 2022   9%   9%   9%   9%   9%
December 2023 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   2.37   2.37   2.37   2.37   2.37

 

Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class A-2 Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   4.70   4.67   4.64   4.58   4.30

 

Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class A-3 Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date 

 

0% CPP 

 

25% CPP 

 

50% CPP 

 

75% CPP 

 

100% CPP 

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2024   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2025 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   6.90   6.87   6.84   6.79   6.50

 

 

Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class A-SB Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023   97%   97%   97%   97%   97%
December 2024   78%   78%   78%   78%   78%
December 2025   55%   55%   55%   55%   55%
December 2026   31%   31%   31%   31%   31%
December 2027   6%   6%   6%   6%   7%
December 2028 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   7.20   7.20   7.20   7.20   7.20

 

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Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance ($100,000,000)(1)
of the Class A-4 Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2024   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2025   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2026   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2027   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2028 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   9.60   9.54   9.48   9.41   9.17

 

 

(1)The exact initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 Certificates is unknown and will be determined based on final pricing of that Class. The information in the chart above is based on the minimum potential initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 Certificates, however, the actual Certificate Balance may be greater than the minimum shown, in which case the Weighted Average Lives may be different than those shown above.

 

Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance ($230,000,000)(1)
of the Class A-4 Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2024   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2025   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2026   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2027   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2028 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   9.72   9.69   9.64   9.57   9.34

 

 

(1)The exact initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 Certificates is unknown and will be determined based on final pricing of that Class. The information in the chart above is based on the maximum potential initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-4 Certificates, however, the actual Certificate Balance may be less than the maximum shown, in which case the Weighted Average Lives may be different than those shown above.

 

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Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance ($242,352,000)(1)
of the Class A-5 Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2024   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2025   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2026   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2027   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2028 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   9.91   9.89   9.88   9.86   9.65

 

 

(1)The exact initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates is unknown and will be determined based on final pricing of that Class. The information in the chart above is based on the minimum potential initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates, however, the actual Certificate Balance may be greater than the minimum shown, in which case the Weighted Average Lives may be different than those shown above.

 

Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance ($372,352,000)(1)
of the Class A-5 Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2024   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2025   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2026   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2027   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2028 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   9.87   9.86   9.84   9.80   9.58

 

 

(1)The exact initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates is unknown and will be determined based on final pricing of that Class. The information in the chart above is based on the maximum potential initial Certificate Balance of the Class A-5 Certificates, however, the actual Certificate Balance may be less than the maximum shown, in which case the Weighted Average Lives may be different than those shown above.

 

Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class A-S Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2024   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2025   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2026   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2027   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2028 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   9.99   9.99   9.95   9.90   9.74

 

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Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class B Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2024   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2025   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2026   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2027   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2028 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   9.99   9.99   9.99   9.99   9.74

 

Percent of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class C Certificates at the Respective CPPs
Set Forth Below:

 

Distribution Date

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

Closing Date   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2019   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2020   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2021   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2022   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2023   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2024   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2025   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2026   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2027   100%   100%   100%   100%   100%
December 2028 and thereafter   0%   0%   0%   0%   0%
Weighted Average Life (years)   9.99   9.99   9.99   9.99   9.74

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity Tables

 

The following tables indicate the approximate pre-tax yield to maturity on a corporate bond equivalent basis on the Offered Certificates for the specified CPPs based on the assumptions set forth under “—Weighted Average Life” above. It was further assumed that the purchase price of the Offered Certificates is as specified in the tables below, expressed as a percentage of the initial Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, plus accrued interest from December 1, 2018 to the Closing Date.

 

The yields set forth in the following tables were calculated by determining the monthly discount rates that, when applied to the assumed streams of cash flows to be paid on the applicable class of Offered Certificates, would cause the discounted present value of such assumed stream of cash flows to equal the assumed purchase price of such class plus accrued interest, and by converting such monthly rates to semi-annual corporate bond equivalent rates. Such calculations do not take into account shortfalls in collection of interest due to prepayments (or other liquidations) of the Mortgage Loans or the interest rates at which investors may be able to reinvest funds received by them as distributions on the applicable class of certificates (and, accordingly, do not purport to reflect the return on any investment in the applicable class of Offered Certificates when such reinvestment rates are considered).

 

The characteristics of the Mortgage Loans may differ from those assumed in preparing the tables below. In addition, we cannot assure you that the Mortgage Loans will prepay in

 

546 

 

 

accordance with the above assumptions at any of the rates shown in the tables or at any other particular rate, that the cash flows on the applicable class of Offered Certificates will correspond to the cash flows shown in this prospectus or that the aggregate purchase price of such class of Offered Certificates will be as assumed. In addition, it is unlikely that the Mortgage Loans will prepay in accordance with the above assumptions at any of the specified CPPs until maturity or that all the Mortgage Loans will so prepay at the same rate. Timing of changes in the rate of prepayments may significantly affect the actual yield to maturity to investors, even if the average rate of principal prepayments is consistent with the expectations of investors. Investors must make their own decisions as to the appropriate prepayment assumption to be used in deciding whether to purchase any class of Offered Certificates.

 

For purposes of this prospectus, prepayment assumptions with respect to the Mortgage Loans are presented in terms of the CPP model described under “—Weighted Average Life” above.

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class A-1 Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Certificate Balance of Class A-1 certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class A-2 Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Certificate Balance of Class A-2 certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class A-3 Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Certificate Balance of Class A-3 certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP) 

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class A-SB Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Certificate Balance of Class A-SB certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class A-4 Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Certificate Balance of Class A-4 certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     

 

                   
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class A-5 Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Certificate Balance of Class A-5 certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     

 

                   
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class X-A Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Notional Amount of Class X-A certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class X-B Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Notional Amount of Class X-B certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class A-S Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Certificate Balance of Class A-S certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class B Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Certificate Balance of Class B certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity for the Class C Certificates

 

Assumed Purchase Price (% of Initial Certificate Balance of Class C certificates (in 32nds, excluding accrued interest))

 

Prepayment Assumption (CPP)

 

 

0% CPP

 

25% CPP

 

50% CPP

 

75% CPP

 

100% CPP

                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     

 

549 

 

 

Material Federal Income Tax Considerations

 

General

 

The following is a general discussion of the anticipated material federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the certificates. The discussion below does not purport to address all federal income tax consequences that may be applicable to particular categories of investors (such as banks, insurance companies, securities dealers, foreign persons, investors whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, and investors that hold the certificates as part of a “straddle” or “conversion transaction”), some of which may be subject to special rules. The authorities on which this discussion is based are subject to change or differing interpretations, and any such change or interpretation could apply retroactively. This discussion reflects the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code“), as well as regulations (the “Income Tax Regulations“) promulgated by the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the IRS. Investors are encouraged to consult their tax advisors in determining the federal, state, local or any other tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the certificates.

 

Two separate real estate mortgage investment conduit (“REMIC“) elections will be made with respect to designated portions of the issuing entity (the “Lower-Tier REMIC“ and the “Upper-Tier REMIC“, and, together, the “Trust REMICs“). The Lower-Tier REMIC will hold the Mortgage Loans (excluding Excess Interest) and certain other assets and will issue (i) certain classes of regular interests (the “Lower-Tier Regular Interests“) to the Upper-Tier REMIC and (ii) an uncertificated interest represented by the Class R certificates as the sole class of “residual interests” in the Lower-Tier REMIC.

 

The Upper-Tier REMIC will hold the Lower-Tier Regular Interests and will issue (i) the Class A-1, Class A-2, Class A-3, Class A-SB, Class A-4, Class A-5, Class X-A, Class X-B, Class X-D, Class A-S, Class B, Class C, Class D, Class E-RR, Class F-RR, Class G-RR and Class H-RR certificates (the “Regular Interests“), each representing a regular interest in the Upper-Tier REMIC and (ii) an uncertificated interest represented by the Class R certificates as the sole class of “residual interests” in the Upper-Tier REMIC.

 

Qualification as a REMIC requires ongoing compliance with certain conditions. Assuming (i) the making of appropriate elections, (ii) compliance with the PSA and the Intercreditor Agreements, (iii) compliance with the provisions of any Non-Serviced PSA and any amendments thereto and the continued qualification of the REMICs formed under any Non-Serviced PSA and (iv) compliance with any changes in the law, including any amendments to the Code or applicable Treasury regulations thereunder, in the opinion of Sidley Austin LLP, special tax counsel to the depositor, (a) each Trust REMIC will qualify as a REMIC, (b) each of the Lower-Tier Regular Interests will constitute a “regular interest” in the Lower-Tier REMIC, (c) each of the Regular Interests will constitute a “regular interest” in the Upper-Tier REMIC and (d) the Class R certificates will evidence the sole class of “residual interests” in each Trust REMIC.

 

In addition, in the opinion of Sidley Austin LLP, special tax counsel to the depositor, the entitlement to Excess Interest and the related distribution account will be treated as held by an arrangement classified as a trust under Section 301.7701-4(c) of the Income Tax Regulations and the holders of the Class V certificates will be treated as the owners of such assets under Code Section 671 (the “Grantor Trust“).

 

550 

 

 

Qualification as a REMIC

 

In order for each Trust REMIC to qualify as a REMIC, there must be ongoing compliance on the part of such Trust REMIC with the requirements set forth in the Code. Each Trust REMIC must fulfill an asset test, which requires that no more than a de minimis portion of the assets of such Trust REMIC, as of the close of the third calendar month beginning after the Closing Date (which for purposes of this discussion is the date of the issuance of the Regular Interests, the “Startup Day“) and at all times thereafter, may consist of assets other than “qualified mortgages” and “permitted investments”. The Income Tax Regulations provide a safe harbor pursuant to which the de minimis requirements will be met if at all times the aggregate adjusted basis of the nonqualified assets is less than 1% of the aggregate adjusted basis of all such Trust REMIC’s assets. Each Trust REMIC also must provide “reasonable arrangements” to prevent its residual interest from being held by “disqualified organizations” or their agents and must furnish applicable tax information to transferors or agents that violate this restriction. The PSA will provide that no legal or beneficial interest in the Class R certificates may be transferred or registered unless certain conditions, designed to prevent violation of this restriction, are met. It is expected that each Trust REMIC will qualify as a REMIC at all times that any of its regular interests are outstanding.

 

A qualified mortgage is any obligation that is principally secured by an interest in real property and that is either transferred to a REMIC on the Startup Day or is purchased by a REMIC within a 3 month period thereafter pursuant to a fixed price contract in effect on the Startup Day. Qualified mortgages include (i) whole mortgage loans or split-note interests in such mortgage loans, such as the Mortgage Loans; provided that, in general, (a) the fair market value of the real property security (including buildings and structural components of the real property security) (reduced by (1) the amount of any lien on the real property security that is senior to the Mortgage Loan and (2) a proportionate amount of any lien on the real property security that is in parity with the Mortgage Loan) is at least 80% of the aggregate principal balance of such Mortgage Loan either at origination or as of the Startup Day (a loan-to-value ratio of not more than 125% with respect to the real property security) or (b) substantially all the proceeds of the Mortgage Loan or the underlying mortgages were used to acquire, improve or protect an interest in real property that, at the date of origination, was the only security for the Mortgage Loan, and (ii) regular interests in another REMIC, such as the Lower-Tier Regular Interests that will be held by the Upper-Tier REMIC. If a Mortgage Loan was not in fact principally secured by real property or is otherwise not a qualified mortgage, it must be disposed of within 90 days of discovery of such defect, or otherwise ceases to be a qualified mortgage after such 90-day period.

 

Permitted investments include “cash flow investments”, “qualified reserve assets” and “foreclosure property”. A cash flow investment is an investment, earning a return in the nature of interest, of amounts received on or with respect to qualified mortgages for a temporary period, not exceeding 13 months, until the next scheduled distribution to holders of interests in the REMIC. A qualified reserve asset is any intangible property held for investment that is part of any reasonably required reserve maintained by the REMIC to provide for payments of expenses of the REMIC or amounts due on its regular or residual interests in the event of defaults (including delinquencies) on the qualified mortgages, lower than expected reinvestment returns, Prepayment Interest Shortfalls and certain other contingencies. The Trust REMICs will not hold any qualified reserve assets. Foreclosure property is real property acquired by a REMIC in connection with the default or imminent default of a qualified mortgage and maintained by the REMIC in compliance with applicable rules and personal property that is incidental to such real property; provided that the mortgage loan sellers had no knowledge or reason to know, as of the Startup Day, that such

 

551 

 

 

a default had occurred or would occur. Foreclosure property may generally not be held after the close of the third calendar year beginning after the date the issuing entity acquires such property, with one extension that may be granted by the IRS.

 

A mortgage loan held by a REMIC will fail to be a qualified mortgage if it is “significantly modified” unless default is “reasonably foreseeable” or where the servicer believes there is a “significant risk of default” upon maturity of the mortgage loan or at an earlier date, and that by making such modification the risk of default is substantially reduced. A mortgage loan held by a REMIC will not be considered to have been “significantly modified” following the release of the lien on a portion of the real property collateral if (a) the release is pursuant to a defeasance permitted under the mortgage loan documents that occurs more than two years after the startup day of the REMIC or (b) following the release the loan-to-value ratio for the mortgage loan is not more than 125% with respect to the real property security. Furthermore, if the release is not pursuant to a defeasance and following the release the loan-to-value ratio for the mortgage loan is greater than 125%, the mortgage loan will continue to be a qualified mortgage if the release is part of a “qualified paydown transaction” in accordance with Revenue Procedure 2010-30.

 

In addition to the foregoing requirements, the various interests in a REMIC also must meet certain requirements. All of the interests in a REMIC must be either of the following: (i) one or more classes of regular interests or (ii) a single class of residual interests on which distributions, if any, are made pro rata. A regular interest is an interest in a REMIC that is issued on the Startup Day with fixed terms, is designated as a regular interest, and unconditionally entitles the holder to receive a specified principal amount (or other similar amount), and provides that interest payments (or other similar amounts), if any, at or before maturity either are payable based on a fixed rate or a qualified variable rate, or consist of a specified, nonvarying portion of the interest payments on the qualified mortgages. The rate on the specified portion may be a fixed rate, a variable rate, or the difference between one fixed or qualified variable rate and another fixed or qualified variable rate. The specified principal amount of a regular interest that provides for interest payments consisting of a specified, nonvarying portion of interest payments on qualified mortgages may be zero. An interest in a REMIC may be treated as a regular interest even if payments of principal with respect to such interest are subordinated to payments on other regular interests or the residual interest in the REMIC, and are dependent on the absence of defaults or delinquencies on qualified mortgages or permitted investments, lower than reasonably expected returns on permitted investments, expenses incurred by the REMIC or Prepayment Interest Shortfalls. A residual interest is an interest in a REMIC other than a regular interest that is issued on the Startup Day that is designated as a residual interest. Each of the Lower-Tier Regular Interests will constitute a class of regular interests in the Lower-Tier REMIC, each class of the Regular Interests will constitute a class of regular interests in the Upper-Tier REMIC, and the Class R certificates will represent the sole class of residual interests in each Trust REMIC.

 

If an entity fails to comply with one or more of the ongoing requirements of the Code for status as a REMIC during any taxable year, the Code provides that the entity or applicable portion of it will not be treated as a REMIC for such year and thereafter. In this event, any entity with debt obligations with two or more maturities, such as the Trust REMICs, may be treated as a separate association taxable as a corporation under Treasury regulations, and the certificates may be treated as equity interests in such an association. The Code, however, authorizes the Treasury Department to issue regulations that address situations where failure to meet one or more of the requirements for REMIC status occurs inadvertently and in good faith. Investors should be aware, however, that the Conference Committee Report to the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (the “1986 Act“) indicates that the relief

 

552 

 

 

may be accompanied by sanctions, such as the imposition of a corporate tax on all or a portion of a REMIC’s income for the period of time in which the requirements for REMIC status are not satisfied.

 

Status of Offered Certificates

 

Offered Certificates held by a real estate investment trust will constitute “real estate assets” within the meaning of Code Section 856(c)(5)(B), and interest (including original issue discount) on the Offered Certificates will be considered “interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real property or on interests in real property” within the meaning of Code Section 856(c)(3)(B) in the same proportion that, for both purposes, the assets of the issuing entity would be so treated. For purposes of Code Section 856(c)(5)(B), payments of principal and interest on the Mortgage Loans that are reinvested pending distribution to holders of Offered Certificates qualify for such treatment. Offered Certificates held by a domestic building and loan association will be treated as “loans . . . secured by an interest in real property which is . . . residential real property” within the meaning of Code Section 7701(a)(19)(C)(v) or as other assets described in Code Section 7701(a)(19)(C) only to the extent the Mortgage Loans are secured by residential real property. As of the Cut-off Date, eleven (11) of the Mortgaged Properties securing nine (9) Mortgage Loans representing approximately 15.4% of the Initial Pool Balance, are multifamily properties. Holders of Offered Certificates should consult their tax advisors whether the foregoing percentage or some other percentage applies to their Offered Certificates. If at all times 95% or more of the assets of the issuing entity qualify for each of the foregoing treatments, the Offered Certificates will qualify for the corresponding status in their entirety. For the purposes of the foregoing determinations, the Trust REMICs will be treated as a single REMIC. In addition, Mortgage Loans that have been defeased with government securities will not qualify for such treatment. Offered Certificates will be “qualified mortgages” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3) for another REMIC if transferred to that REMIC within a prescribed time period in exchange for regular or residual interests in that REMIC. Moreover, Offered Certificates held by certain financial institutions will constitute an “evidence of indebtedness” within the meaning of Code Section 582(c)(1).

 

Taxation of Regular Interests

 

General

 

Each class of Regular Interests (whether held directly or indirectly) represents a regular interest in the Upper-Tier REMIC. The Regular Interests will represent newly originated debt instruments for federal income tax purposes. In general, interest, original issue discount and market discount on a Regular Interest will be treated as ordinary income to the holder of a Regular Interest (a “Regular Interestholder“), and principal payments on a Regular Interest will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the Regular Interestholder’s basis in the Regular Interest. Regular Interestholders must use the accrual method of accounting with regard to the Regular Interests, regardless of the method of accounting otherwise used by such Regular Interestholders.

 

Notwithstanding the following, under new legislation enacted on December 22, 2017, commonly referred to as “The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (the “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act“), for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, Regular Interestholders on the accrual method of accounting may be required to accrue amounts of gross income, other than amounts of original issue discount and market discount, no later than the year such Regular Interestholders include such amounts as revenue on their applicable financial statements. For tax years beginning after December 31, 2018, this rule will also apply to original issue

 

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discount. Prospective investors are urged to consult their tax counsel regarding the potential application of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act to their particular situation.

 

Original Issue Discount

 

Holders of Regular Interests issued with original issue discount generally must include original issue discount in ordinary income for federal income tax purposes as it accrues in accordance with the constant yield method, which takes into account the compounding of interest, in advance of receipt of the cash attributable to such income. The following discussion is based on temporary and final Treasury regulations (the “OID Regulations“) under Code Sections 1271 through 1273 and 1275 and on the provisions of the 1986 Act. Regular Interestholders should be aware, however, that the OID Regulations do not adequately address certain issues relevant to prepayable securities, such as the Regular Interests. To the extent such issues are not addressed in the OID Regulations, the certificate administrator will apply the methodology described in the Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act. No assurance can be provided that the IRS will not take a different position as to those matters not currently addressed by the OID Regulations. Moreover, the OID Regulations include an anti-abuse rule allowing the IRS to apply or depart from the OID Regulations if necessary or appropriate to ensure a reasonable tax result in light of the applicable statutory provisions. A tax result will not be considered unreasonable under the anti-abuse rule, however, in the absence of a substantial effect on the present value of a taxpayer’s tax liability. Investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors as to the discussion in this prospectus and the appropriate method for reporting interest and original issue discount with respect to the Regular Interests.

 

Each Regular Interest will be treated as an installment obligation for purposes of determining the original issue discount includible in a Regular Interestholder’s income. The total amount of original issue discount on a Regular Interest is the excess of the “stated redemption price at maturity” of the Regular Interest over its “issue price”. The issue price of a class of Regular Interests is the first price at which a substantial amount of Regular Interests of such class is sold to investors (excluding bond houses, brokers and underwriters). Although unclear under the OID Regulations, the certificate administrator will treat the issue price of Regular Interests for which there is no substantial sale as of the issue date as the fair market value of such Regular Interests as of the issue date. The issue price of the Regular Interests also includes the amount paid by an initial Regular Interestholder for accrued interest that relates to a period prior to the issue date of such class of Regular Interests. The stated redemption price at maturity of a Regular Interest is the sum of all payments provided by the debt instrument other than any qualified stated interest payments. Under the OID Regulations, qualified stated interest generally means interest payable at a single fixed rate or a qualified variable rate; provided that such interest payments are unconditionally payable at intervals of one year or less during the entire term of the obligation. Because there is no penalty or default remedy in the case of nonpayment of interest with respect to a Regular Interest, it is possible that no interest on any class of Regular Interests will be treated as qualified stated interest. However, because the Mortgage Loans provide for remedies in the event of default, the certificate administrator will treat all payments of stated interest on the Regular Interests (other than the Class X Certificates) as qualified stated interest (other than accrued interest distributed on the first Distribution Date for the number of days that exceed the interval between the Closing Date and the first Distribution Date). Based upon the anticipated issue price of each such class and a stated redemption price equal to the par amount of each such class (plus such excess interest accrued thereon), it is anticipated that the Class [__] certificates will be issued with original issue discount for federal income tax purposes.

 

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It is anticipated that the certificate administrator will treat the Class X-A and Class X-B certificates as having no qualified stated interest. Such classes will be considered to be issued with original issue discount in an amount equal to the excess of all distributions of interest expected to be received on such classes over their respective issue prices (including interest accrued prior to the Closing Date). Any “negative” amounts of original issue discount on such classes attributable to rapid prepayments with respect to the Mortgage Loans will not be deductible currently. The holder of a Class X-A or Class X-B certificate may be entitled to a deduction for a loss, which may be a capital loss, to the extent it becomes certain that such holder will not recover a portion of its basis in such class, assuming no further prepayments.

 

Under a de minimis rule, original issue discount on a Regular Interest will be considered to be zero if such original issue discount is less than 0.25% of the stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest multiplied by the weighted average maturity of the Regular Interest. For this purpose, the weighted average maturity of the Regular Interest is computed as the sum of the amounts determined by multiplying the number of full years (i.e., rounding down partial years) from the issue date until each distribution in reduction of stated redemption price at maturity is scheduled to be made by a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of each distribution included in the stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest and the denominator of which is the stated redemption price at maturity or anticipated repayment date of the Regular Interest. The Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act provides that the schedule of such distributions should be determined in accordance with the assumed rate of prepayment on the Mortgage Loans used in pricing the transaction, namely, 0% CPR; provided that it is assumed that any ARD Loan repays on its anticipated repayment date (the “Prepayment Assumption“). See “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Weighted Average Life” above. Holders generally must report de minimis original issue discount pro rata as principal payments are received, and such income will be capital gain if the Regular Interest is held as a capital asset. Under the OID Regulations, however, Regular Interestholders may elect to accrue all de minimis original issue discount, as well as market discount and premium, under the constant yield method. See “—Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method” below. Based on the foregoing, it is anticipated that the Class [__] certificates will be issued with de minimis original issue discount for federal income tax purposes.

 

A holder of a Regular Interest issued with original issue discount generally must include in gross income for any taxable year the sum of the “daily portions”, as defined below, of the original issue discount on the Regular Interest accrued during an accrual period for each day on which it holds the Regular Interest, including the date of purchase but excluding the date of disposition. With respect to each such Regular Interest, a calculation will be made of the original issue discount that accrues during each successive full accrual period that ends on the day prior to each Distribution Date with respect to the Regular Interests, assuming that prepayments and extensions with respect to the Mortgage Loans will be made in accordance with the Prepayment Assumption. The original issue discount accruing in a full accrual period will be the excess, if any, of (i) the sum of (a) the present value of all of the remaining distributions to be made on the Regular Interest as of the end of that accrual period and (b) the distributions made on the Regular Interest during the accrual period that are included in the Regular Interest’s stated redemption price at maturity, over (ii) the adjusted issue price of the Regular Interest at the beginning of the accrual period. The present value of the remaining distributions referred to in the preceding sentence is calculated based on (i) the yield to maturity of the Regular Interest as of the Startup Day, (ii) events (including actual prepayments) that have occurred prior to the end of the accrual period and (iii) the assumption that the remaining payments will be made in accordance with the original Prepayment Assumption. For these purposes, the adjusted issue price of a

 

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Regular Interest at the beginning of any accrual period equals the issue price of the Regular Interest, increased by the aggregate amount of original issue discount with respect to the Regular Interest that accrued in all prior accrual periods and reduced by the amount of distributions included in the Regular Interest’s stated redemption price at maturity that were made on the Regular Interest that were attributable to such prior periods. The original issue discount accruing during any accrual period (as determined in this paragraph) will then be divided by the number of days in the period to determine the daily portion of original issue discount for each day in the period.

 

Under the method described above, the daily portions of original issue discount required to be included as ordinary income by a Regular Interestholder (other than a holder of a Class X-A or Class X-B certificate) generally will increase to take into account prepayments on the Regular Interests as a result of prepayments on the Mortgage Loans that exceed the Prepayment Assumption, and generally will decrease (but not below zero for any period) if the prepayments are slower than the Prepayment Assumption. Due to the unique nature of interest-only certificates, the preceding sentence may not apply in the case of the Class X-A or Class X-B certificates.

 

Acquisition Premium

 

A purchaser of a Regular Interest at a price greater than its adjusted issue price and less than its remaining stated redemption price at maturity will be required to include in gross income the daily portions of the original issue discount on the Regular Interest reduced pro rata by a fraction, the numerator of which is the excess of its purchase price over such adjusted issue price and the denominator of which is the excess of the remaining stated redemption price at maturity over the adjusted issue price. Alternatively, such a purchaser may elect to treat all such acquisition premium under the constant yield method, as described under “—Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method” below.

 

Market Discount

 

A purchaser of a Regular Interest also may be subject to the market discount rules of Code Sections 1276 through 1278. Under these Code sections and the principles applied by the OID Regulations in the context of original issue discount, “market discount” is the amount by which the purchaser’s original basis in the Regular Interest (i) is exceeded by the remaining outstanding principal payments and non-qualified stated interest payments due on the Regular Interest, or (ii) in the case of a Regular Interest having original issue discount, is exceeded by the adjusted issue price of such Regular Interest at the time of purchase. Such purchaser generally will be required to recognize ordinary income to the extent of accrued market discount on such Regular Interest as distributions includible in its stated redemption price at maturity are received, in an amount not exceeding any such distribution. Such market discount would accrue in a manner to be provided in Treasury regulations and should take into account the Prepayment Assumption. The Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act provides that until such regulations are issued, such market discount would accrue, at the election of the holder, either (i) on the basis of a constant interest rate or (ii) in the ratio of interest accrued for the relevant period to the sum of the interest accrued for such period plus the remaining interest after the end of such period, or, in the case of classes issued with original issue discount, in the ratio of original issue discount accrued for the relevant period to the sum of the original issue discount accrued for such period plus the remaining original issue discount after the end of such period. Such purchaser also generally will be required to treat a portion of any gain on a sale or exchange of the Regular Interest as ordinary income to the extent of the market discount accrued to the date of disposition under one of the foregoing methods, less any accrued market discount previously reported as ordinary income as partial distributions in

 

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reduction of the stated redemption price at maturity were received. Such purchaser will be required to defer deduction of a portion of the excess of the interest paid or accrued on indebtedness incurred to purchase or carry the Regular Interest over the interest (including original issue discount) distributable on the Regular Interest. The deferred portion of such interest expense in any taxable year generally will not exceed the accrued market discount on the Regular Interest for such year. Any such deferred interest expense is, in general, allowed as a deduction not later than the year in which the related market discount income is recognized or the Regular Interest is disposed of. As an alternative to the inclusion of market discount in income on the foregoing basis, the Regular Interestholder may elect to include market discount in income currently as it accrues, in which case the interest deferral rule will not apply. Such election, if made, will apply to all market discount bonds acquired by the Regular Interestholder as of the first day of the taxable year for which the election is made and to all market discount bonds acquired thereafter. The election may be revoked only with the consent of the IRS. See “—Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method” below regarding making the election under Code Section 1286 and an alternative manner in which such election may be deemed to be made.

 

Market discount with respect to a Regular Interest will be considered to be zero if such market discount is less than 0.25% of the remaining stated redemption price at maturity of such Regular Interest multiplied by the weighted average maturity of the Regular Interest remaining after the date of purchase. For this purpose, the weighted average maturity is determined by multiplying the number of full years (i.e., rounding down partial years) from the issue date until each distribution in reduction of stated redemption price at maturity is scheduled to be made by a fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of each such distribution included in the stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest and the denominator of which is the total stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest. It appears that de minimis market discount would be reported pro rata as principal payments are received. Treasury regulations implementing the market discount rules have not yet been proposed, and investors should therefore consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of these rules as well as the advisability of making any of the elections with respect to such rules. Investors should also consult Revenue Procedure 92-67 concerning the elections to include market discount in income currently and to accrue market discount on the basis of the constant yield method.

 

Premium

 

A Regular Interest purchased upon initial issuance or in the secondary market at a cost greater than its remaining stated redemption price at maturity generally is considered to be purchased at a premium. If the Regular Interestholder holds such Regular Interest as a “capital asset” within the meaning of Code Section 1221, the Regular Interestholder may elect under Code Section 171 to amortize such premium under the constant yield method. Such election, if made, will apply to all premium debt instruments (the interest on which is not excludable from gross income) held by the Regular Interestholder as of the first day of the taxable year for which the election is made and to all premium debt instruments acquired thereafter. The election may be revoked only with the consent of the IRS. See “—Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method” below regarding making the election under Code Section 171 and an alternative manner in which the Code Section 171 election may be deemed to be made. Final Treasury regulations under Code Section 171 do not, by their terms, apply to prepayable obligations such as the Regular Interests. The Conference Committee Report to the 1986 Act indicates a Congressional intent that the same rules that will apply to the accrual of market discount on installment obligations will also apply to amortizing bond premium under Code Section 171 on installment obligations such as the Regular Interests, although it is unclear whether the alternatives to the constant

 

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interest method described above under “—Market Discount” are available. Amortizable bond premium will be treated as an offset to interest income on a Regular Interest rather than as a separate deduction item. It is anticipated that the Class [__] certificates will be issued at a premium for federal income tax purposes.

 

Election To Treat All Interest Under the Constant Yield Method

 

A holder of a debt instrument such as a Regular Interest may elect to treat all interest that accrues on the instrument using the constant yield method, with none of the interest being treated as qualified stated interest. For purposes of applying the constant yield method to a debt instrument subject to such an election, (i) “interest” includes stated interest, original issue discount, de minimis original issue discount, market discount and de minimis market discount, as adjusted by any amortizable bond premium or acquisition premium and (ii) the debt instrument is treated as if the instrument were issued on the holder’s acquisition date in the amount of the holder’s adjusted basis immediately after acquisition. It is unclear whether, for this purpose, the initial Prepayment Assumption would continue to apply or if a new prepayment assumption as of the date of the holder’s acquisition would apply. A holder generally may make such an election on an instrument by instrument basis or for a class or group of debt instruments. However, if the holder makes such an election with respect to a debt instrument with amortizable bond premium or with market discount, the holder is deemed to have made elections to amortize bond premium or to report market discount income currently as it accrues under the constant yield method, respectively, for all premium bonds held or acquired or market discount bonds acquired by the holder on the first day of the year of the election or thereafter. The election is made on the holder’s federal income tax return for the year in which the debt instrument is acquired and is irrevocable except with the approval of the IRS. Investors are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the advisability of making such an election.

 

Treatment of Losses

 

A holder of a debt instrument such as a Regular Interest may elect to treat all interest that accrues on the instrument using the constant yield method, with none of the interest being treated as qualified stated interest. For purposes of applying the constant yield method to a debt instrument subject to such an election, (i) “interest” includes stated interest, original issue discount, de minimis original issue discount, market discount and de minimis market discount, as adjusted by any amortizable bond premium or acquisition premium and (ii) the debt instrument is treated as if the instrument were issued on the holder’s acquisition date in the amount of the holder’s adjusted basis immediately after acquisition. It is unclear whether, for this purpose, the initial Prepayment Assumption would continue to apply or if a new prepayment assumption as of the date of the holder’s acquisition would apply. A holder generally may make such an election on an instrument by instrument basis or for a class or group of debt instruments. However, if the holder makes such an election with respect to a debt instrument with amortizable bond premium or with market discount, the holder is deemed to have made elections to amortize bond premium or to report market discount income currently as it accrues under the constant yield method, respectively, for all premium bonds held, or market discount bonds acquired, on the first day of the year of the election and to all premium bonds or market discount bonds, acquired thereafter. The election is made on the holder’s federal income tax return for the year in which the debt instrument is acquired and is irrevocable except with the approval of the IRS. Investors are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the advisability of making such an election.

 

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Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums

 

Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums actually collected on the Mortgage Loans will be distributed as described in “Description of the Certificates—Allocation of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums”. It is not entirely clear under the Code when the amount of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums so allocated should be taxed to the holders of such classes of certificates, but it is not expected, for federal income tax reporting purposes, that Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums will be treated as giving rise to any income to the holder of such class of certificates prior to the certificate administrator’s actual receipt of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums. Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums, if any, may be treated as paid upon the retirement or partial retirement of such classes of certificates. The IRS may disagree with these positions. Certificateholders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the treatment of Yield Maintenance Charges and Prepayment Premiums.

 

Sale or Exchange of Regular Interests

 

If a Regular Interestholder sells or exchanges a Regular Interest, such Regular Interestholder will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference, if any, between the amount received and its adjusted basis in the Regular Interest. The adjusted basis of a Regular Interest generally will equal the cost of the Regular Interest to the seller, increased by any original issue discount or market discount previously included in the seller’s gross income with respect to the Regular Interest and reduced by amounts included in the stated redemption price at maturity of the Regular Interest that were previously received by the seller, by any amortized premium, and by any deductible losses on the Regular Interest.

 

Except as described above with respect to market discount, and except as provided in this paragraph, any gain or loss on the sale or exchange of a Regular Interest realized by an investor that holds the Regular Interest as a capital asset will be capital gain or loss and will be long term or short term depending on whether the Regular Interest has been held for the long term capital gain holding period (more than one year). Such gain will be treated as ordinary income: (i) if the Regular Interest is held as part of a “conversion transaction” as defined in Code Section 1258(c), up to the amount of interest that would have accrued on the Regular Interestholder’s net investment in the conversion transaction at 120% of the appropriate applicable federal rate under Code Section 1274(d) in effect at the time the taxpayer entered into the transaction minus any amount previously treated as ordinary income with respect to any prior disposition of property that was held as part of such transaction; (ii) in the case of a non-corporate taxpayer, to the extent such taxpayer has made an election under Code Section 163(d)(4) to have net capital gains taxed as investment income at ordinary income rates; or (iii) to the extent that such gain does not exceed the excess, if any, of (a) the amount that would have been includible in the gross income of the Regular Interestholder if his yield on such Regular Interest were 110% of the applicable federal rate as of the date of purchase, over (b) the amount of income actually includible in the gross income of such Regular Interestholder with respect to the Regular Interest. In addition, gain or loss recognized from the sale of a Regular Interest by certain banks or thrift institutions will be treated as ordinary income or loss pursuant to Code Section 582(c). Long-term capital gains of certain non-corporate taxpayers generally are subject to a lower maximum tax rate than ordinary income of such taxpayers for property held for more than one year. The maximum tax rate for corporations is the same with respect to both ordinary income and capital gains.

 

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Taxes That May Be Imposed on a REMIC

 

Prohibited Transactions

 

Income from certain transactions by either Trust REMIC, called prohibited transactions, will not be part of the calculation of income or loss includible in the federal income tax returns of holders of the Class R certificates, but rather will be taxed directly to the Trust REMIC at a 100% rate. Prohibited transactions generally include (i) the disposition of a qualified mortgage other than for (a) substitution within two years of the Startup Day for a defective (including a defaulted) obligation (or repurchase in lieu of substitution of a defective (including a defaulted) obligation at any time) or for any qualified mortgage within 3 months of the Startup Day, (b) foreclosure, default or imminent default of a qualified mortgage, (c) bankruptcy or insolvency of the REMIC, or (d) a qualified (complete) liquidation, (ii) the receipt of income from assets that are not the type of mortgages or investments that the REMIC is permitted to hold, (iii) the receipt of compensation for services or (iv) the receipt of gain from disposition of cash flow investments other than pursuant to a qualified liquidation. Notwithstanding (i) and (iv), it is not a prohibited transaction to sell REMIC property to prevent a default on regular interests as a result of a default on qualified mortgages or to facilitate a qualified liquidation or a clean-up call. The Income Tax Regulations indicate that the modification of a mortgage loan generally will not be treated as a disposition if it is occasioned by a default or reasonably foreseeable default, an assumption of a mortgage loan or the waiver of a “due-on-sale” or “due-on-encumbrance” clause. It is not anticipated that the Trust REMICs will engage in any prohibited transactions.

 

Contributions to a REMIC After the Startup Day

 

In general, a REMIC will be subject to a tax at a 100% rate on the value of any property contributed to the REMIC after the Startup Day. Exceptions are provided for cash contributions to the REMIC (i) during the 3 months following the Startup Day, (ii) made to a qualified reserve fund by a holder of a Class R certificate, (iii) in the nature of a guarantee, (iv) made to facilitate a qualified liquidation or clean-up call, and (v) as otherwise permitted in Treasury regulations yet to be issued. It is not anticipated that there will be any taxable contributions to the Trust REMICs.

 

Net Income from Foreclosure Property

 

The Lower-Tier REMIC will be subject to federal income tax at the corporate rate on “net income from foreclosure property”, determined by reference to the rules applicable to real estate investment trusts. Generally, property acquired by foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure would be treated as “foreclosure property” until the close of the third calendar year beginning after the Lower-Tier REMIC’s acquisition of an REO Property, with a possible extension. Net income from foreclosure property generally means gain from the sale of a foreclosure property that is inventory property and gross income from foreclosure property other than qualifying rents and other qualifying income for a real estate investment trust.

 

In order for a foreclosed property to qualify as foreclosure property, any operation of the foreclosed property by the Lower-Tier REMIC generally must be conducted through an independent contractor. Further, such operation, even if conducted through an independent contractor, may give rise to “net income from foreclosure property”, taxable at the corporate rate. Payment of such tax by the Lower-Tier REMIC would reduce amounts available for distribution to Certificateholders.

 

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The special servicer will be required to determine generally whether the operation of foreclosed property in a manner that would subject the Lower-Tier REMIC to such tax would be expected to result in higher after-tax proceeds than an alternative method of operating such property that would not subject the Lower-Tier REMIC to such tax.

 

Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015

 

The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 (the “2015 Budget Act“), which was enacted on November 2, 2015, included new audit rules affecting entities treated as partnerships, their partners and the persons that are authorized to represent entities treated as partnerships in IRS audits and related procedures. Under the 2015 Budget Act, effective for taxable years beginning with 2018, these rules also apply to REMICs, the holders of their residual interests and the trustees authorized to represent REMICs in IRS audits and related procedures.

 

In addition to other changes, under the 2015 Budget Act, (1) unless a REMIC elects otherwise, taxes arising from IRS audit adjustments are required to be paid by the REMIC rather than by its residual interest holders, (2) instead of appointing a “tax matters person”, a REMIC appoints one person to act as its sole representative (the “partnership representative“) in connection with IRS audits and related procedures and the partnership representative’s actions, including agreeing to adjustments to REMIC taxable income, are more binding on residual interest holders than were the actions of the “tax matters person” under prior law and (3) if the IRS makes an adjustment to a REMIC’s taxable year, the holders of residual interests for the audited taxable year may have to take the adjustment into account for the taxable year in which the adjustment is made rather than for the audited taxable year.

 

The certificate administrator has the authority to utilize, and is directed to utilize, any exceptions available under the new provisions (including any changes) and IRS regulations so that holders of the Class R certificates, to the fullest extent possible, rather than either Trust REMIC itself, will be liable for any taxes arising from audit adjustments to either Trust REMIC’s taxable income. It is unclear how any such exceptions may affect the procedural rules available to challenge any audit adjustment that would otherwise be available in the absence of any such exceptions. Investors should discuss with their own tax advisors the possible effect of the new rules on them.

 

Taxation of Certain Foreign Investors

 

Interest, including original issue discount, distributable to the Regular Interestholders that are nonresident aliens, foreign corporations or other Non-U.S. Persons will be considered “portfolio interest” and, therefore, generally will not be subject to a 30% United States withholding tax; provided that such Non-U.S. Person (i) is not a “10 percent shareholder” within the meaning of Code Section 871(h)(3)(B) or a controlled foreign corporation described in Code Section 881(c)(3)(C) with respect to the Trust REMICs and (ii) provides the certificate administrator, or the person that would otherwise be required to withhold tax from such distributions under Code Section 1441 or 1442, with an appropriate statement, signed under penalties of perjury, identifying the beneficial owner and stating, among other things, that the beneficial owner of the Regular Interest is a Non-U.S. Person. The appropriate documentation includes IRS Form W-8BEN-E or W-8BEN, if the Non-U.S. Person is an entity (such as a corporation) or individual, respectively, eligible for the benefits of the portfolio interest exemption or an exemption based on a treaty; IRS Form W-8ECI if the Non-U.S. Person is eligible for an exemption on the basis of its income from the Regular Interest being effectively connected to a United States trade or business; IRS Form W-8BEN-E or W-8IMY if the Non-U.S. Person is a trust, depending on whether such

 

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trust is classified as the beneficial owner of the Regular Interest; and Form W-8IMY, with supporting documentation as specified in the Treasury regulations, required to substantiate exemptions from withholding on behalf of its partners, if the Non-U.S. Person is a partnership. With respect to IRS Forms W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E, W-8IMY and W-8ECI, each (other than IRS Form W-8IMY) expires after 3 full calendar years or as otherwise provided by applicable law. An intermediary (other than a partnership) must provide IRS Form W-8IMY, revealing all required information, including its name, address, taxpayer identification number, the country under the laws of which it is created, and certification that it is not acting for its own account. A “qualified intermediary” must certify that it has provided, or will provide, a withholding statement as required under Treasury Regulations Section 1.1441-1(e)(5)(v), but need not disclose the identity of its account holders on its IRS Form W-8IMY, and may certify its account holders’ status without including each beneficial owner’s certification. A “non-qualified intermediary” must additionally certify that it has provided, or will provide, a withholding statement that is associated with the appropriate IRS Forms W-8 and W-9 required to substantiate exemptions from withholding on behalf of its beneficial owners. The term “intermediary” means a person acting as a custodian, a broker, nominee or otherwise as an agent for the beneficial owner of a Regular Interest. A “qualified intermediary” is generally a foreign financial institution or clearing organization or a non-U.S. branch or office of a U.S. financial institution or clearing organization that is a party to a withholding agreement with the IRS.

 

If such statement, or any other required statement, is not provided, 30% withholding will apply unless reduced or eliminated pursuant to an applicable tax treaty or unless the interest on the Regular Interest is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the United States by such Non-U.S. Person. In the latter case, such Non-U.S. Person will be subject to United States federal income tax at regular rates. Investors that are Non-U.S. Persons should consult their own tax advisors regarding the specific tax consequences to them of owning a Regular Interest.

 

A “U.S. Person“ is a citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation, partnership (except to the extent provided in the applicable Treasury regulations) or other entity created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any State or the District of Columbia, including any entity treated as a corporation or partnership for federal income tax purposes, an estate that is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of the source of income, or a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust, and one or more such U.S. Persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of such trust (or, to the extent provided in the applicable Treasury regulations, certain trusts in existence on August 20, 1996 that have elected to be treated as U.S. Persons). The term “Non-U.S. Person“ means a person other than a U.S. Person.

 

FATCA

 

Under the “Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act” (“FATCA“) provisions of the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment Act, a 30% withholding tax is generally imposed on certain payments, including U.S.-source interest and, beginning on January 1, 2019, gross proceeds from the sale, exchange, redemption, receipt of principal on or other disposition of debt obligations that give rise to U.S.-source interest to “foreign financial institutions” and certain other foreign financial entities if those foreign entities fail to comply with the requirements of FATCA. The certificate administrator will be required to withhold amounts under FATCA on payments made to holders who are subject to the FATCA requirements and who fail to provide the certificate administrator with proof that they have complied with such requirements. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of FATCA to their certificates.

 

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Backup Withholding

 

Distributions made on the certificates, and proceeds from the sale of the certificates to or through certain brokers, may be subject to a “backup” withholding tax under Code Section 3406 at the rate of 24% on “reportable payments” (including interest distributions, original issue discount and, under certain circumstances, principal distributions) unless the Certificateholder is a U.S. Person and provides IRS Form W-9 with the correct taxpayer identification number; in the case of the Regular Interests, is a Non-U.S. Person and provides IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, identifying the Non-U.S. Person and stating that the beneficial owner is not a U.S. Person; or can be treated as an exempt recipient within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.6049-4(c)(1)(ii). Any amounts to be withheld from distribution on the certificates would be refunded by the IRS or allowed as a credit against the Certificateholder’s federal income tax liability. Information reporting requirements may also apply regardless of whether withholding is required. Holders are urged to contact their own tax advisors regarding the application to them of backup withholding and information reporting.

 

Information Reporting

 

Holders who are individuals (and certain domestic entities that are formed or availed of for purposes of holding, directly or indirectly, “specified foreign financial assets”) may be subject to certain foreign financial asset reporting obligations with respect to their certificates held through a financial account maintained by a foreign financial institution if the aggregate value of their certificates and their other “specified foreign financial assets” exceeds $50,000. Significant penalties can apply if a holder fails to disclose its specified foreign financial assets. We urge you to consult your tax advisor with respect to this and other reporting obligations with respect to your certificates.

 

3.8% Medicare Tax on “Net Investment Income”

 

Certain non-corporate U.S. holders will be subject to an additional 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income”, which may include the interest payments and any gain realized with respect to the certificates, to the extent of their net investment income that, when added to their other modified adjusted gross income, exceeds $200,000 for an unmarried individual, $250,000 for a married taxpayer filing a joint return (or a surviving spouse), or $125,000 for a married individual filing a separate return. The 3.8% Medicare tax is determined in a different manner than the regular income tax. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors with respect to their consequences with respect to the 3.8% Medicare tax.

 

Reporting Requirements

 

Each Trust REMIC will be required to maintain its books on a calendar year basis and to file federal income tax returns in a manner similar to a partnership. The form for such returns is IRS Form 1066, U.S. Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit (REMIC) Income Tax Return. The trustee will be required to sign each Trust REMIC’s returns.

 

Reports of accrued interest, original issue discount, if any, and information necessary to compute the accrual of any market discount on the Regular Interests will be made annually to the IRS and to individuals, estates, non-exempt and non-charitable trusts, and partnerships that are either Regular Interestholders or beneficial owners that own Regular Interests through a broker or middleman as nominee. All brokers, nominees and all other nonexempt Regular Interestholders (including corporations, non-calendar year taxpayers, securities or commodities dealers, placement agents, real estate investment trusts,

 

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investment companies, common trusts, thrift institutions and charitable trusts) may request such information for any calendar quarter by telephone or in writing by contacting the person designated in IRS Publication 938 with respect to the REMIC. Holders through nominees must request such information from the nominee.

 

Treasury regulations require that, in addition to the foregoing requirements, information must be furnished annually to the Regular Interestholders and filed annually with the IRS concerning the percentage of each Trust REMIC’s assets meeting the qualified asset tests described under “—Qualification as a REMIC” above.

 

These regulations also require that the certificate administrator make available information regarding interest income and information necessary to compute any original issue discount to (i) exempt recipients (including middlemen) and non-calendar year taxpayers, upon request, in accordance with the requirements of the regulations and (ii) Certificateholders who do not hold their certificates through a middleman. The information must be provided to parties specified in clause (i) on or before the later of the 30th day after the close of the calendar year to which the request relates and 14 days after the receipt of the request. The information must be provided to parties specified in clause (ii) on or before March 15 of the calendar year for which the statement is being furnished.

 

DUE TO THE COMPLEXITY OF THESE RULES AND THE CURRENT UNCERTAINTY AS TO THE MANNER OF THEIR APPLICATION TO THE ISSUING ENTITY AND CERTIFICATEHOLDERS, IT IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT THAT POTENTIAL INVESTORS CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS REGARDING THE TAX TREATMENT OF THEIR ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF THE CERTIFICATES.

 

Certain State and Local Tax Considerations

 

In addition to the federal income tax consequences described in “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations” above, purchasers of Offered Certificates should consider the state and local income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of the Offered Certificates. State and local income tax law may differ substantially from the corresponding federal law, and this discussion does not purport to describe any aspect of the income tax laws of any state or locality.

 

It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may attempt to tax nonresident holders of offered certificates solely by reason of the location in that jurisdiction of the depositor, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the sponsors, a related borrower or a mortgaged property or on some other basis, may require nonresident holders of certificates to file returns in such jurisdiction or may attempt to impose penalties for failure to file such returns; and it is possible that any such jurisdiction will ultimately succeed in collecting such taxes or penalties from nonresident holders of offered certificates. We cannot assure you that holders of offered certificates will not be subject to tax in any particular state, local or other taxing jurisdiction.

 

You should consult with your tax advisor with respect to the various state and local, and any other, tax consequences of an investment in the Offered Certificates.

 

Method of Distribution (Underwriter)

 

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement“), among the depositor and the underwriters, the depositor has

 

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agreed to sell to the underwriters, and the underwriters have severally, but not jointly, agreed to purchase from the depositor the respective Certificate Balance or the Notional Amount, as applicable, of each class of Offered Certificates set forth below subject in each case to a variance of 5%.

 

Underwriter

 

Class A-1

 

Class A-2

 

Class A-3

 

Class A-SB

Wells Fargo Securities, LLC   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]
Barclays Capital Inc.   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]
Academy Securities, Inc.   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]
Drexel Hamilton, LLC  

$[_]

 

$[_]

 

$[_]

 

$[_]

Total

 

$[_]

 

$[_] 

 

$[_]

 

$[_]

                 

Underwriter

 

Class A-4

 

Class A-5

 

Class X-A

 

Class X-B

Wells Fargo Securities, LLC   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]
Barclays Capital Inc.   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]
Academy Securities, Inc.   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]
Drexel Hamilton, LLC  

$[_]

 

$[_]

 

$[_]

 

$[_]

Total  

$[_]

 

$[_]

 

$[_]

 

$[_]

                 

Underwriter

 

Class A-S

 

Class B

 

Class C

   
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]    
Barclays Capital Inc.   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]    
Academy Securities, Inc.   $[_]   $[_]   $[_]    
Drexel Hamilton, LLC  

$[_]

 

$[_]

 

$[_]

   
Total  

$[_]

 

$[_]

 

$[_]

   

 

The Underwriting Agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters will be subject to certain conditions precedent and that the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all Offered Certificates if any are purchased. In the event of a default by any underwriter, the Underwriting Agreement provides that, in certain circumstances, purchase commitments of the non-defaulting underwriter(s) may be increased or the Underwriting Agreement may be terminated.

 

Additionally, the parties to the PSA have severally agreed to indemnify the underwriters, and the underwriters have agreed to indemnify the depositor and controlling persons of the depositor, against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and have agreed, if required, to contribute to payments required to be made in respect of these liabilities.

 

The depositor has been advised by the underwriters that they propose to offer the Offered Certificates to the public from time to time in one or more negotiated transactions, or otherwise, at varying prices to be determined at the time of sale. Proceeds to the depositor from the sale of Offered Certificates will be approximately [__]% of the initial aggregate Certificate Balance of the Offered Certificates, plus accrued interest on the Offered Certificates from December 1, 2018, before deducting expenses payable by the depositor (such expenses estimated at $[__], excluding underwriting discounts and commissions). The underwriters may effect the transactions by selling the Offered Certificates to or through dealers, and the dealers may receive compensation in the form of underwriting discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters. In connection with the purchase and sale of the Offered Certificates offered by this prospectus, the underwriters may be deemed to have received compensation from the depositor in the form of underwriting discounts.

 

We anticipate that the Offered Certificates will be sold primarily to institutional investors. Purchasers of Offered Certificates, including dealers, may, depending on the facts and circumstances of those purchases, be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of

 

565 

 

 

the Securities Act in connection with reoffers and resales by them of Offered Certificates. If you purchase Offered Certificates, you should consult with your legal advisors in this regard prior to any reoffer or resale. The underwriters expect to make, but are not obligated to make, a secondary market in the Offered Certificates. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—The Certificates May Have Limited Liquidity and the Market Value of the Certificates May Decline”.

 

Pursuant to Rule 15c6-1 under the Exchange Act as in effect on the date of this prospectus, trades in the secondary market generally are required to settle in two (2) business days, unless the parties to any such trade expressly agree otherwise. Accordingly, purchasers who wish to trade Offered Certificates in the secondary market prior to such delivery should specify a longer settlement cycle, or should refrain from specifying a shorter settlement cycle, to the extent that failing to do so would result in a settlement date that is earlier than the date of delivery of such Offered Certificates.

 

The primary source of ongoing information available to investors concerning the Offered Certificates will be the monthly statements discussed under “Description of the Certificates—Reports to Certificateholders; Certain Available Information”. We cannot assure you that any additional information regarding the Offered Certificates will be available through any other source. In addition, we are not aware of any source through which price information about the Offered Certificates will be generally available on an ongoing basis. The limited nature of that information regarding the Offered Certificates may adversely affect the liquidity of the Offered Certificates, even if a secondary market for the Offered Certificates becomes available.

 

Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, one of the underwriters, is an affiliate of Wells Fargo Bank, which is a sponsor, a mortgage loan seller, the holder of one of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Companion Loans, the master servicer, the certificate administrator, the custodian and the certificate registrar under this securitization. Barclays Capital Inc., one of the underwriters, is an affiliate of Barclays, which is a sponsor and a mortgage loan seller.

 

A portion of the net proceeds of this offering (after the payment of underwriting compensation and transaction expenses) is intended to be directed to affiliates of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, which is one of the underwriters, a co-lead manager and joint bookrunner for this offering, and affiliates of Barclays Capital Inc., which is one of the underwriters, a co-lead manager and joint bookrunner. That direction will occur by means of the collective effect of the payment by the underwriters to the depositor, an affiliate of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, of the purchase price for the Offered Certificates and the following payments:

 

(1)       the payment by Argentic or an affiliate thereof, to Wells Fargo Bank, an affiliate of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, in Wells Fargo Bank’s capacity as the purchaser under a repurchase agreement with the subject mortgage loan seller or an affiliate thereof, of the repurchase price for the Mortgage Loans to be repurchased by the subject mortgage loan seller, or an affiliate thereof, under that facility prior to or simultaneously with their sale to the depositor, which payment will be made using a portion of the purchase price to be paid by the depositor to the subject mortgage loan seller in connection with the sale of those Mortgage Loans to the depositor by the subject mortgage loan seller;

 

(2)       the payment by the depositor to Wells Fargo Bank, an affiliate of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, in that affiliate’s capacity as a mortgage loan seller, of the purchase price for the Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans;

 

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(3)       the payment by the depositor to Barclays, an affiliate of Barclays Capital Inc., in that affiliate’s capacity as a mortgage loan seller, of the purchase price for the Barclays Mortgage Loans; and

 

(4)       the payment by Basis Real Estate Capital or an affiliate thereof to Wells Fargo Bank, an affiliate of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, in Wells Fargo Bank’s capacity as the purchaser under a repurchase agreement with Basis Real Estate Capital or an affiliate thereof, of the repurchase price for the Mortgage Loans to be repurchased by Basis Real Estate Capital or an affiliate thereof under that facility prior to or simultaneously with their sale to the depositor, which payment will be made using a portion of the purchase price to be paid by the depositor to Basis Real Estate Capital in connection with the sale of those Mortgage Loans to the depositor by Basis Real Estate Capital.

 

As a result of the circumstances described above in this paragraph and the prior paragraph, each of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and Barclays Capital Inc. has a “conflict of interest” within the meaning of Rule 5121 of the consolidated rules of The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. In addition, other circumstances exist that result in the underwriters or their affiliates having conflicts of interest, notwithstanding that such circumstances may not constitute a “conflict of interest” within the meaning of such Rule 5121. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest—Interests and Incentives of the Underwriter Entities May Not Be Aligned With Your Interests” and “Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties”.

 

Wells Fargo Securities is the trade name for the capital markets and investment banking services of Wells Fargo & Company and its subsidiaries, including but not limited to Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, a member of the New York Stock Exchange, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA“), the National Futures Association (“NFA“) and the Securities Investor Protection Corporation (“SIPC“), Wells Fargo Prime Services, LLC, a member of FINRA, NFA and SIPC, and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and Wells Fargo Prime Services, LLC are distinct entities from affiliated banks and thrifts.

 

Each underwriter has represented and agreed that it has not offered, sold or otherwise made available and will not offer, sell or otherwise make available any offered certificates to any retail investor in the EEA. For the purposes of this provision:

 

A.         The expression “retail investor” means a person who is one (or more) of the following:

 

a.       A retail client as defined in point (11) of article 4(1) of MiFID II;

 

b.       A customer within the meaning of the Insurance Distribution Directive, where that customer would not qualify as a professional client as defined in point (10) of article 4(1) of MiFID II; or

 

c.       Not a qualified investor as defined in the Prospectus Directive.

 

B.         The expression “offer” includes the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the offered certificates to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe to the offered certificates.

 

Each underwriter has represented and agreed that:

 

A.         it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of the FSMA) received by it in

 

567 

 

 

connection with the issue or sale of the offered certificates in circumstances in which section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to the issuing entity or the depositor; and

 

B.       it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the offered certificates in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

 

Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference

 

The disclosures filed as exhibits to the most recent Form ABS-EE filed on or prior to the date of the filing of this prospectus by or on behalf of the Depositor with respect to the Issuing Entity (file number 333-226486-02)—in accordance with Item 601(b)(102) and Item 601(b)(103) of Regulation S-K (17 C.F.R. §§ 601(b)(102) and 601(b)(103))—are hereby incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

All reports filed or caused to be filed by the depositor with respect to the issuing entity before the termination of this offering pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that relate to the Offered Certificates (other than Annual Reports on Form 10-K) will be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus, except that if a Non-Serviced PSA is entered into after termination of this offering, any Current Report on Form 8-K filed after termination of this offering that includes as an exhibit such Non-Serviced PSA will be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

 

The depositor will provide or cause to be provided without charge to each person to whom this prospectus is delivered in connection with this offering (including beneficial owners of the Offered Certificates), upon written or oral request of that person, a copy of any or all documents or reports incorporated in this prospectus by reference, in each case to the extent the documents or reports relate to the Offered Certificates, other than the exhibits to those documents (unless the exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference in those documents). Requests to the depositor should be directed in writing to its principal executive offices at 301 South College Street, Charlotte, North Carolina 28202, or by telephone at (704) 374-6161.

 

Where You Can Find More Information

 

The depositor has filed a Registration Statement on Form SF-3 (SEC File No. 333-226486) (the “Registration Statement“) relating to multiple series of CMBS, including the Offered Certificates, with the SEC. This prospectus will form a part of the Registration Statement, but the Registration Statement includes additional information. Copies of the Registration Statement and other materials filed with or furnished to the SEC, including Distribution Reports on Form 10-D, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Forms ABS-15G, Form ABS-EE and any amendments to these reports may be read and copied at the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, on official business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an internet site at “http://www.sec.gov” at which you can view and download copies of reports, proxy and information statements and other information filed or furnished electronically through the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval (“EDGAR“) system. The SEC maintains computer terminals providing access to the EDGAR system at each of the offices referred to above.

 

The depositor has met the registrant requirements of Section I.A.1. of the General Instructions to the Registration Statement.

 

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Copies of all reports of the issuing entity on Forms 10-D, 10-K and 8-K will also be made available on the website of the certificate administrator as soon as reasonably practicable after these materials are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC through the EDGAR system.

 

Financial Information

 

The issuing entity will be newly formed and will not have engaged in any business activities or have any assets or obligations prior to the issuance of the Offered Certificates. Accordingly, no financial statements with respect to the issuing entity are included in this prospectus.

 

The depositor has determined that its financial statements will not be material to the offering of the Offered Certificates.

 

Certain ERISA Considerations

 

General

 

The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, or ERISA, and Code Section 4975 impose certain requirements on retirement plans, and on certain other employee benefit plans and arrangements, including individual retirement accounts and annuities, Keogh plans, collective investment funds, insurance company separate accounts and some insurance company general accounts in which those plans, accounts or arrangements are invested that are subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA or to Code Section 4975 (all of which are referred to as “Plans“), and on persons who are fiduciaries with respect to Plans, in connection with the investment of Plan assets. Certain employee benefit plans, such as governmental plans (as defined in ERISA Section 3(32)), and, if no election has been made under Code Section 410(d), church plans (as defined in Section 3(33) of ERISA) are not subject to ERISA requirements. However, those plans may be subject to the provisions of other applicable federal, state or local law (“Similar Law“) materially similar to the foregoing provisions of ERISA or the Code. Moreover, those plans, if qualified and exempt from taxation under Code Sections 401(a) and 501(a), are subject to the prohibited transaction rules set forth in Code Section 503.

 

ERISA generally imposes on Plan fiduciaries certain general fiduciary requirements, including those of investment prudence and diversification and the requirement that a Plan’s investments be made in accordance with the documents governing the Plan. In addition, ERISA and the Code prohibit a broad range of transactions involving assets of a Plan and persons (“Parties in Interest“) who have certain specified relationships to the Plan, unless a statutory, regulatory or administrative exemption is available. Certain Parties in Interest that participate in a prohibited transaction may be subject to an excise tax imposed pursuant to Code Section 4975, unless a statutory, regulatory or administrative exemption is available. These prohibited transactions generally are set forth in Section 406 of ERISA and Code Section 4975. Special caution should be exercised before the assets of a Plan are used to purchase an Offered Certificate if, with respect to those assets, the depositor, any servicer or the trustee or any of their affiliates, either: (a) has investment discretion with respect to the investment of those assets of that Plan; or (b) has authority or responsibility to give, or regularly gives, investment advice with respect to those assets for a fee and pursuant to an agreement or understanding that the advice will serve as a primary basis for investment decisions with respect to those assets and that the advice will be based on the particular investment needs of the Plan; or (c) is an employer maintaining or contributing to the Plan.

 

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With respect to the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan (3.4%), persons who have an ongoing relationship with the California Public Employees’ Retirement System (“CalPERS“), which is a governmental plan, should note that such plan owns a 99% interest in Institutional Mall Investors, LLC (“IMI“), which is expected to purchase a 24.995% equity interest in the borrower after the closing date of the Mortgage Loan. Such persons should consult with counsel regarding whether this relationship would affect their ability to purchase or hold the certificates.

 

With respect to the Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (3.0%), the Prudential Insurance Company of America has an ownership interest in an upstream owner of each of the borrowers.

 

Before purchasing any Offered Certificates with Plan assets, a Plan fiduciary should consult with its counsel and determine whether there exists any prohibition to that purchase under the requirements of ERISA or Code Section 4975, whether any prohibited transaction class exemption or any individual administrative prohibited transaction exemption (as described below) applies, including whether the appropriate conditions set forth in those exemptions would be met, or whether any statutory prohibited transaction exemption is applicable. Fiduciaries of plans subject to a Similar Law should consider the need for, and the availability of, an exemption under such applicable Similar Law.

 

Plan Asset Regulations

 

A Plan’s investment in Offered Certificates may cause the assets of the issuing entity to be deemed Plan assets. Section 2510.3-101 of the regulations of the United States Department of Labor (“DOL“), as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA, provides that when a Plan acquires an equity interest in an entity, the Plan’s assets include both the equity interest and an undivided interest in each of the underlying assets of the entity, unless certain exceptions not applicable to this discussion apply, or unless the equity participation in the entity by “benefit plan investors” (that is, Plans and entities whose underlying assets include plan assets) is not “significant”. For this purpose, in general, equity participation in an entity will be “significant” on any date if, immediately after the most recent acquisition of any certificate, 25% or more of any class of certificates is held by benefit plan investors.

 

In general, any person who has discretionary authority or control respecting the management or disposition of Plan assets, and any person who provides investment advice with respect to those assets for a fee, is a fiduciary of the investing Plan. If the assets of the issuing entity constitute Plan assets, then any party exercising management or discretionary control regarding those assets, such as the master servicer, the special servicer or any sub-servicer, may be deemed to be a Plan “fiduciary” with respect to the investing Plan, and thus subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and Code Section 4975. In addition, if the assets of the issuing entity constitute Plan assets, the purchase of Offered Certificates by a Plan, as well as the operation of the issuing entity, may constitute or involve a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code.

 

Administrative Exemptions

 

The U.S. Department of Labor has issued to the predecessor of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC an individual prohibited transaction exemption, PTE 96-22, 61 Fed. Reg. 14,828 (April 3, 1996), as amended by PTE 97-34, 62 Fed. Reg. 39,021 (July 21, 1997), PTE 2000-58, 65 Fed. Reg. 67,765 (November 13, 2000), PTE 2002-41, 67 Fed. Reg. 54,487 (August 22, 2002), PTE 2007-05, 72 Fed. Reg. 13,130 (March 20, 2007) and PTE 2013-08, 78 Fed. Reg. 41,090 (July 9, 2013) (the “Exemption“). The Exemption generally exempts

 

570 

 

 

from the application of the prohibited transaction provisions of Sections 406 and 407 of ERISA, and the excise taxes imposed on prohibited transactions pursuant to Code Sections 4975(a) and (b), certain transactions, among others, relating to the servicing and operation of pools of mortgage loans, such as the pool of mortgage loans held by the issuing entity, and the purchase, sale and holding of mortgage pass-through certificates, such as the Offered Certificates, underwritten by Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, provided that certain conditions set forth in the Exemption are satisfied. The depositor expects that the Exemption generally will apply to the Offered Certificates.

 

The Exemption sets forth five general conditions that must be satisfied for a transaction involving the purchase, sale and holding of the Offered Certificates to be eligible for exemptive relief. First, the acquisition of the Offered Certificates by a Plan must be on terms (including the price paid for the Offered Certificates) that are at least as favorable to the Plan as they would be in an arm’s-length transaction with an unrelated party. Second, the Offered Certificates at the time of acquisition by the Plan must be rated in one of the four highest generic rating categories by at least one NRSRO that meets the requirements of the Exemption (an “Exemption Rating Agency“). Third, the trustee cannot be an affiliate of any other member of the Restricted Group other than an underwriter. The “Restricted Group“ consists of any underwriter, the depositor, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer, any sub-servicer, any entity that provides insurance or other credit support to the issuing entity and any borrower with respect to mortgage loans constituting more than 5% of the aggregate unamortized principal balance of the mortgage loans as of the date of initial issuance of the Offered Certificates, and any affiliate of any of the foregoing entities. Fourth, the sum of all payments made to and retained by the underwriters must represent not more than reasonable compensation for underwriting the Offered Certificates, the sum of all payments made to and retained by the depositor pursuant to the assignment of the mortgage loans to the issuing entity must represent not more than the fair market value of the mortgage loans and the sum of all payments made to and retained by the master servicer, the special servicer and any sub-servicer must represent not more than reasonable compensation for that person’s services under the PSA and reimbursement of the person’s reasonable expenses in connection therewith. Fifth, the investing Plan must be an accredited investor as defined in Rule 501(a)(1) of Regulation D under the Securities Act.

 

It is a condition of the issuance of the Offered Certificates that they have the ratings described above required by the Exemption and the depositor believes that each of the Rating Agencies qualifies as an Exemption Rating Agency. Consequently, the second general condition set forth above will be satisfied with respect to the Offered Certificates as of the Closing Date. As of the Closing Date, the third general condition set forth above will be satisfied with respect to the Offered Certificates. In addition, the depositor believes that the fourth general condition set forth above will be satisfied with respect to the Offered Certificates. A fiduciary of a Plan contemplating purchasing an Offered Certificate in the secondary market must make its own determination that, at the time of purchase, the Offered Certificates continue to satisfy the second general condition set forth above. A fiduciary of a Plan contemplating purchasing an Offered Certificate, whether in the initial issuance of the Offered Certificates or in the secondary market, must make its own determination that the first and fifth general conditions set forth above will be satisfied with respect to the related Offered Certificate.

 

The Exemption also requires that the issuing entity meet the following requirements: (1) the issuing entity must consist solely of assets of the type that have been included in other investment pools; (2) certificates in those other investment pools must have been rated in one of the four highest categories by at least one of the Exemption Rating Agencies for at least one year prior to the Plan’s acquisition of Offered Certificates; and

 

571 

 

 

(3) certificates in those other investment pools must have been purchased by investors other than Plans for at least one year prior to any Plan’s acquisition of Offered Certificates.

 

The depositor believes that the conditions to the applicability of the Exemption will generally be met with respect to the Offered Certificates, other than those conditions which are dependent on facts unknown to the depositor or which it cannot control, such as those relating to the circumstances of the Plan purchaser or the Plan fiduciary making the decision to purchase any such Offered Certificates.

 

If the general conditions of the Exemption are satisfied, the Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(a) and 407(a) of ERISA (as well as the excise taxes imposed by Code Sections 4975(a) and (b) by reason of Code Sections 4975(c)(1)(A) through (D)) in connection with (1) the direct or indirect sale, exchange or transfer of Offered Certificates in the initial issuance of certificates between the depositor or the underwriters and a Plan when the depositor, any of the underwriters, the trustee, the master servicer, the special servicer, a sub-servicer or a borrower is a party in interest with respect to the investing Plan, (2) the direct or indirect acquisition or disposition in the secondary market of the Offered Certificates by a Plan and (3) the holding of Offered Certificates by a Plan. However, no exemption is provided from the restrictions of Sections 406(a)(1)(E), 406(a)(2) and 407 of ERISA for the acquisition or holding of an Offered Certificate on behalf of an “Excluded Plan” by any person who has discretionary authority or renders investment advice with respect to the assets of the Excluded Plan. For purposes of this prospectus, an “Excluded Plan“ is a Plan sponsored by any member of the Restricted Group.

 

If certain specific conditions of the Exemption are also satisfied, the Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(b)(1) and (b)(2) of ERISA and the taxes imposed by Code Section 4975(c)(1)(E) in connection with (1) the direct or indirect sale, exchange or transfer of Offered Certificates in the initial issuance of certificates between the depositor or the underwriters and a Plan when the person who has discretionary authority or renders investment advice with respect to the investment of Plan assets in those certificates is (a) a borrower with respect to 5% or less of the fair market value of the mortgage loans or (b) an affiliate of that person, (2) the direct or indirect acquisition or disposition in the secondary market of Offered Certificates by a Plan and (3) the holding of Offered Certificates by a Plan.

 

Further, if certain specific conditions of the Exemption are satisfied, the Exemption may provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(a), 406(b) and 407(a) of ERISA, and the taxes imposed by Code Sections 4975(a) and (b) by reason of Code Section 4975(c) for transactions in connection with the servicing, management and operation of the pool of mortgage loans.

 

A fiduciary of a Plan should consult with its counsel with respect to the applicability of the Exemption. The fiduciary of a plan not subject to ERISA or Code Section 4975, such as a governmental plan, should determine the need for and availability of exemptive relief under applicable Similar Law. A purchaser of an Offered Certificate should be aware, however, that even if the conditions specified in one or more exemptions are satisfied, the scope of relief provided by an exemption may not cover all acts which might be construed as prohibited transactions.

 

Each purchaser of Offered Certificates that is a Plan will be deemed to have represented and warranted that (i) none of the depositor, the mortgage loan sellers, the Trust, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the certificate registrar, the asset representations reviewer, the operating advisor, the underwriters, the master servicer, the special servicer,

 

572 

 

 

or any of their respective affiliated entities, has provided any investment recommendation or investment advice on which the Plan or the fiduciary making the investment decision for the Plan has relied in connection with the decision to acquire Offered Certificates, and they are not otherwise acting as a fiduciary (within the meaning of Section 3(21) of ERISA or Section 4975(e)(3) of the Code) to the Plan in connection with the Plan’s acquisition of Offered Certificates (unless an applicable prohibited transaction exemption is available (all of the conditions of which are satisfied) to cover the purchase and holding of the Offered Certificates or the transaction is not otherwise prohibited), and (ii) the Plan fiduciary making the decision to acquire the Offered Certificates is exercising its own independent judgment in evaluating the investment in the Offered Certificates.

 

The sale of the Offered Certificates to a Plan is in no respect a representation or warranty by the depositor, the underwriters, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the special servicer or the master servicer that this investment meets any relevant legal requirements with respect to investments by Plans generally or any particular Plan, that the Exemption would apply to the acquisition of this investment by ERISA Plans in general or any particular ERISA Plan, or that this investment is appropriate for Plans generally or for any particular Plan.

 

Insurance Company General Accounts

 

Sections I and III of Prohibited Transaction Class Exemption (“PTCE“) 95-60 exempt from the application of the prohibited transaction provisions of Sections 406(a), 406(b) and 407(a) of ERISA and Code Section 4975 transactions in connection with the acquisition of a security (such as a certificate issued by the issuing entity) as well as the servicing, management and operation of a trust (such as the issuing entity) in which an insurance company general account has an interest as a result of its acquisition of certificates issued by the issuing entity, provided that certain conditions are satisfied. If these conditions are met, insurance company general accounts investing assets that are treated as assets of Plans would be allowed to purchase certain classes of certificates which do not meet the ratings requirements of the Exemption. All other conditions of the Exemption would have to be satisfied in order for PTCE 95-60 to be available. Before purchasing any class of Offered Certificates, an insurance company general account seeking to rely on Sections I and III of PTCE 95-60 should itself confirm that all applicable conditions and other requirements have been satisfied.

 

Section 401(c) of ERISA provides certain exemptive relief from the provisions of Part 4 of Title I of ERISA and Code Section 4975, including the prohibited transaction restrictions imposed by ERISA and the related excise taxes imposed by the Code, for transactions involving an insurance company general account. Pursuant to Section 401(c) of ERISA, the DOL issued regulations (“401(c) Regulations“), generally effective July 5, 2001, to provide guidance for the purpose of determining, in cases where insurance policies supported by an insurance company’s general account are issued to or for the benefit of a Plan on or before December 31, 1998, which general account assets constitute Plan assets. Any assets of an insurance company general account which support insurance policies issued to a Plan after December 31, 1998 or issued to Plans on or before December 31, 1998 for which the insurance company does not comply with the 401(c) Regulations may be treated as Plan assets. In addition, because Section 401(c) of ERISA does not relate to insurance company separate accounts, separate account assets are still generally treated as Plan assets of any Plan invested in that separate account. Insurance companies contemplating the investment of general account assets in the Offered Certificates should consult with their counsel with respect to the applicability of Section 401(c) of ERISA.

 

573 

 

 

Due to the complexity of these rules and the penalties imposed upon persons involved in prohibited transactions, it is particularly important that potential investors who are Plan fiduciaries or who are investing Plan assets consult with their counsel regarding the consequences under ERISA and the Code of their acquisition and ownership of certificates.

 

THE SALE OF OFFERED CERTIFICATES TO A PLAN IS IN NO RESPECT A REPRESENTATION BY THE DEPOSITOR OR ANY OF THE UNDERWRITERS THAT THIS INVESTMENT MEETS ANY RELEVANT LEGAL REQUIREMENTS WITH RESPECT TO INVESTMENTS BY PLANS GENERALLY OR ANY PARTICULAR PLAN, OR THAT THIS INVESTMENT IS APPROPRIATE FOR PLANS GENERALLY OR ANY PARTICULAR PLAN.

 

Legal Investment

 

None of the classes of Offered Certificates will constitute “mortgage related securities” for purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended (“SMMEA“). Generally, the only classes of Offered Certificates which will qualify as “mortgage related securities” will be those that (1) are rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least one NRSRO; and (2) are part of a series evidencing interests in a trust consisting of loans originated by certain types of originators specified in SMMEA and secured by first liens on real estate.

 

Although Section 939(e) of the Dodd-Frank Act amended SMMEA, effective July 21, 2012, so as to require the SEC to establish creditworthiness standards by that date in substitution for the foregoing ratings test, the SEC has neither proposed nor adopted a rule establishing new creditworthiness standards for purposes of SMMEA as of the date of this prospectus. However, the SEC has issued a transitional interpretation (Release No. 34-67448 (effective July 20, 2012)), which provides that, until such time as final rules establishing new standards of creditworthiness become effective, the standard of creditworthiness for purposes of the definition of the term “mortgage related security” is a security that is rated in one of the two highest rating categories by at least one NRSRO. Depending on the standards of creditworthiness that are ultimately established by the SEC, it is possible that certain classes of Offered Certificates specified to be “mortgage related securities” for purposes of SMMEA may no longer qualify as such as of the time such new standards are effective.

 

The appropriate characterization of the Offered Certificates under various legal investment restrictions, and thus the ability of investors subject to those restrictions to purchase the Offered Certificates, are subject to significant interpretive uncertainties. We make no representation as to the proper characterization of the Offered Certificates for legal investment, financial institution regulatory, or other purposes, or as to the ability of particular investors to purchase any Offered Certificates under applicable legal investment restrictions. Further, any ratings downgrade of a class of Offered Certificates by an NRSRO to less than an “investment grade” rating (i.e., lower than the top four rating categories) may adversely affect the ability of an investor to purchase or retain, or otherwise impact the regulatory characteristics of, that class. The uncertainties described above (and any unfavorable future determinations concerning the legal investment or financial institution regulatory characteristics of the Offered Certificates) may adversely affect the liquidity and market value of the Offered Certificates.

 

Accordingly, if your investment activities are subject to legal investment laws and regulations, regulatory capital requirements, or review by regulatory authorities, you should consult with your own legal advisors in determining whether and to what extent the Offered

 

574 

 

 

Certificates constitute legal investments or are subject to investment, capital, or other regulatory restrictions.

 

The issuing entity will not be registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The issuing entity will be relying on an exclusion or exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended contained in Section 3(c)(5) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or Rule 3a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, although there may be additional exclusions or exemptions available to the issuing entity. The issuing entity is being structured so as not to constitute a “covered fund” for purposes of the Volcker Rule under the Dodd-Frank Act.

 

Legal Matters

 

The validity of the Offered Certificates and certain federal income tax matters will be passed upon for the depositor by Sidley Austin LLP, New York, New York, and certain other legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriters by Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP, Charlotte, North Carolina.

 

Ratings

 

It is a condition to their issuance that the Offered Certificates (other than the Class X-B, Class B and Class C certificates) receive investment grade credit ratings from the three (3) Rating Agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the Offered Certificates, and it is a condition to their issuance that the Class X-B, Class B and Class C certificates receive investment grade credit ratings from the two (2) of the Rating Agencies engaged by the depositor to rate such Offered Certificates.

 

We are not obligated to maintain any particular rating with respect to any class of Offered Certificates. Changes affecting the Mortgaged Properties, the parties to the PSA or another person may have an adverse effect on the ratings of the Offered Certificates, and thus on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the Offered Certificates, although such adverse changes would not necessarily be an event of default under the related Mortgage Loan.

 

The ratings address the likelihood of full and timely receipt by the Certificateholders of all distributions of interest at the applicable Pass-Through Rate on the Offered Certificates to which they are entitled on each Distribution Date and the ultimate payment in full of the Certificate Balance of each class of Offered Certificates on a date that is not later than the Rated Final Distribution Date with respect to such class of certificates. The Rated Final Distribution Date will be the Distribution Date in January 2052. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”. Any ratings of each Offered Certificates should be evaluated independently from similar ratings on other types of securities.

 

The ratings are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities, a measure of asset value or an indication of the suitability of an investment, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by any Rating Agency. In addition, these ratings do not address: (a) the likelihood, timing, or frequency of prepayments (both voluntary and involuntary) and their impact on interest payments or the degree to which such prepayments might differ from those originally anticipated, (b) the possibility that a Certificateholder might suffer a lower than anticipated yield, (c) the likelihood of receipt of Yield Maintenance Charges, prepayment charges, Prepayment Premiums, prepayment fees or penalties, default interest or post-anticipated repayment date additional interest, (d) the likelihood of

 

575 

 

 

experiencing any Prepayment Interest Shortfalls, an assessment of whether or to what extent the interest payable on any class of Offered Certificates may be reduced in connection with any Prepayment Interest Shortfalls, or of receiving Compensating Interest Payments, (e) the tax treatment of the Offered Certificates or effect of taxes on the payments received, (f) the likelihood or willingness of the parties to the respective documents to meet their contractual obligations or the likelihood or willingness of any party or court to enforce, or hold enforceable, the documents in whole or in part, (g) an assessment of the yield to maturity that investors may experience, (h) the likelihood, timing or receipt of any payments of interest to the holders of the Offered Certificates resulting from an increase in the interest rate on any Mortgage Loan in connection with a Mortgage Loan modification, waiver or amendment, (i) Excess Interest, or (j) other non-credit risks, including, without limitation, market risks or liquidity.

 

The ratings take into consideration the credit quality of the underlying Mortgaged Properties and the Mortgage Loans, structural and legal aspects associated with the Offered Certificates, and the extent to which the payment stream of the Mortgage Loans is adequate to make payments required under the Offered Certificates. However, as noted above, the ratings do not represent an assessment of the likelihood, timing or frequency of principal prepayments (both voluntary and involuntary) by the borrowers, or the degree to which such prepayments might differ from those originally anticipated. In general, the ratings address credit risk and not prepayment risk. Ratings are forward-looking opinions about credit risk and express an agency’s opinion about the ability and willingness of an issuer of securities to meet its financial obligations in full and on time. Ratings are not indications of investment merit. In addition, the ratings do not represent an assessment of the yield to maturity that investors may experience or the possibility that investors might not fully recover their initial investment in the event of delinquencies or defaults or rapid prepayments on the Mortgage Loans (including both voluntary and involuntary prepayments) or the application of any Realized Losses. In the event that holders of such certificates do not fully recover their investment as a result of rapid principal prepayments on the Mortgage Loans, all amounts “due” to such holders will nevertheless have been paid, and such result is consistent with the ratings assigned to such certificates. As indicated in this prospectus, holders of the certificates with Notional Amounts are entitled only to payments of interest on the related Mortgage Loans. If the Mortgage Loans were to prepay in the initial month, with the result that the holders of the certificates with Notional Amounts receive only a single month’s interest and therefore, suffer a nearly complete loss of their investment, all amounts “due” to such holders will nevertheless have been paid, and such result is consistent with the rating received on those certificates. The Notional Amounts of the certificates with Notional Amounts on which interest is calculated may be reduced by the allocation of Realized Losses and prepayments, whether voluntary or involuntary. The ratings do not address the timing or magnitude of reductions of such Notional Amount, but only the obligation to pay interest timely on the Notional Amount, as so reduced from time to time. Therefore, the ratings of the certificates with Notional Amounts should be evaluated independently from similar ratings on other types of securities. See “Risk Factors—Other Risks Relating to the Certificates—Your Yield May Be Affected by Defaults, Prepayments and Other Factors” and “Yield and Maturity Considerations”.

 

Although the depositor will prepay fees for ongoing rating surveillance by certain of the Rating Agencies, the depositor has no obligation or ability to ensure that any Rating Agency performs ratings surveillance. In addition, a Rating Agency may cease ratings surveillance if the information furnished to that Rating Agency is insufficient to allow it to perform surveillance.

 

576 

 

 

Any of the three NRSROs that we hired may issue unsolicited credit ratings on one or more classes of certificates that we did not hire it to rate. Additionally, other NRSROs that we have not engaged to rate the Offered Certificates may nevertheless issue unsolicited credit ratings on one or more classes of Offered Certificates relying on information they receive pursuant to Rule 17g-5 or otherwise. If any such unsolicited ratings are issued, we cannot assure you that they will not be different from those ratings assigned by the Rating Agencies. The issuance of unsolicited ratings of a class of the Offered Certificates that are lower than the ratings assigned by the Rating Agencies may adversely impact the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of that class. As part of the process of obtaining ratings for the Offered Certificates, the depositor had initial discussions with and submitted certain materials to six NRSROs. Based on preliminary feedback from those six NRSROs at that time, the depositor hired the Rating Agencies to rate the Offered Certificates and not the other three NRSROs due, in part, to those NRSROs’ initial subordination levels for the various classes of Offered Certificates. Had the depositor selected such other NRSROs to rate the Offered Certificates, we cannot assure you as to the ratings that such other NRSROs would ultimately have assigned to the Certificates. In the case of one NRSRO hired by the depositor, the depositor only requested ratings for certain classes of rated Offered Certificates, due in part to the final subordination levels provided by that NRSRO for the classes of Offered Certificates. If the depositor had selected that NRSRO to rate those other classes of Offered Certificates not rated by it, its ratings of those other Offered Certificates may have been different, and potentially lower, than those ratings ultimately assigned to those certificates by the other two NRSROs hired by the depositor. Although unsolicited ratings may be issued by any NRSRO, an NRSRO might be more likely to issue an unsolicited rating if it was not selected after having provided preliminary feedback to the depositor.

 

577 

 

 

Index of Defined Terms

 

1  
17g-5 Information Provider 371
1986 Act 552
1996 Act 528
2  
2015 Budget Act 561
3  
30/360 Basis 409
4  
401(c) Regulations 573
A  
AB Modified Loan 423
Accelerated Mezzanine Loan Lender 364
Acceptable Insurance Default 427
Acting General Counsel’s Letter 144
Actual/360 Basis 202
Actual/360 Loans 397
ADA 531
Additional Exclusions 426
Additional Property 213
Administrative Cost Rate 346
ADR 151
Advances 392
Affected Investor 125
Affiliate-Owned Outparcel 173
Affirmative Asset Review Vote 467
Annual Debt Service 151
Anticipated Repayment Date 203
Appraisal Institute 269
Appraisal Reduction Amount 418
Appraisal Reduction Event 418
Appraised Value 152
Appraised-Out Class 424
ARD 203
ARD Loan 202
Argentic 257
Argentic Data Tape 264
Argentic Investment Management 322
Argentic Mortgage Loans 257
Argentic Review Team 264
ASH 322
ASR Consultation Process 442
Assessment of Compliance 506
Asset Representations Reviewer Asset Review Fee 417
Asset Representations Reviewer Fee 416
Asset Representations Reviewer Fee Rate 417
Asset Representations Reviewer Termination Event 473
Asset Representations Reviewer Upfront Fee 416
Asset Review 469
Asset Review Notice 468
Asset Review Quorum 468
Asset Review Report 470
Asset Review Report Summary 470
Asset Review Standard 469
Asset Review Trigger 466
Asset Review Vote Election 467
Asset Status Report 438
Assumed Certificate Coupon 327
Assumed Final Distribution Date 355
Assumed Scheduled Payment 348
Attestation Report 507
Available Funds 339
Aventura Mall Controlling Noteholder 243
Aventura Mall Intercreditor Agreement 241
Aventura Mall Noteholders 240
Aventura Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans 240
Aventura Mall Subordinate Companion Loans 240
Aventura Mall Trust 2018-AVM TSA 224
Aventura Mall Whole Loan 240
B  
Balloon or ARD LTV Ratio 156
Balloon or ARD Payment 157
BANK 2018-BNK12 PSA 224
BANK 2018-BNK14 PSA 224
Banking Act 144
Bankruptcy Code 521
Barclays 278
Barclays Data Tape 280
Barclays Mortgage Loans 279
Barclays Review Team 280
Barclays’ Qualification Criteria 281
Base Interest Fraction 354
Basis 285
Basis Data Tape 292
Basis Deal Team 291
Basis Investment 285
Basis Mortgage Loans 285
Basis Real Estate Capital 285


 

578 

 

 

BBCMS 2018-C2 PSA 224
BBCMS 2018-CHRS TSA 224
BEA 182
Benchmark 2018-B7 PSA 224
BNK12 Fair Oaks Mall Special Servicer 251
Borrower Party 364
Borrower Party Affiliate 364
Breach Notice 383
BRRD 126, 146
BSPRT 295
BSPRT Data Tape 296
BSPRT Mortgage Loans 295
BSPRT Review Team 296
C  
C(WUMP)O 21
CA 182
CalPERS 570
Cash Flow Analysis 152
CERCLA 528
Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee 415
Certificate Administrator/Trustee Fee Rate 415
Certificate Balance 337
Certificate Owners 374
Certificateholder 365
Certificateholder Quorum 476
Certificateholder Repurchase Request 487
Certifying Certificateholder 376
Christiana Mall Intercreditor Agreement 235
Christiana Mall Noteholders 235
Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans 235
Christiana Mall Senior Loans 235
Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loan Holders 237
Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Loans 235
Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Controlling Class 237
Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Directing Certificateholder 237
Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Mortgage Trust 236
Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Servicer 235
Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Special Servicer 235
Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Subordinate Consultation Period 239
Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Subordinate Control Period 239
Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS Trustee 498
Christiana Mall Trust 2018-CHRS TSA 236
Christiana Mall Whole Loan 235
Class A Certificates 336
Class A-SB Planned Principal Balance 349
Class X Certificates 336
Clearstream 373
Clearstream Participants 375
Closing Date 150, 257
CMBS 60
CMBS B-piece Securities 322
Code 550
Collateral Deficiency Amount 423
Collection Account 396
Collection Period 340
Communication Request 377
Companion Distribution Account 397
Companion Holder 223
Companion Holders 223
Companion Loan Rating Agency 224
Companion Loans 149
Compensating Interest Payment 357
Condominium 179
Constant Prepayment Rate 540
Constraining Level 326
Consultation Termination Event 454
Control Eligible Certificates 449
Control Note 224
Control Termination Event 454
Controlling Class 449
Controlling Class Certificateholder 449
Controlling Holder 224
Corrected Loan 438
CPP 540
CPR 540
CPY 540
CRE Loans 275
Credit Risk Retention Rules 321
CREFC® 361
CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee 417
CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee Rate 417
CREFC® Reports 361
Cross-Over Date 344
Cumulative Appraisal Reduction Amount 422
Cure/Contest Period 470
Custodian 307
Cut-off Date 148


 

579 

 

 

Cut-off Date Balance 153
Cut-off Date Loan-to-Value Ratio 154
Cut-off Date LTV Ratio 154
D  
D or @%(#) 158
D or GRTR of @% or YM(#) 159
D or YM(#) 158
D(#) 158
DBRS 471
Debt Service Coverage Ratio 155
Defaulted Fair Oaks Mall Purchase Date 256
Defaulted Loan 445
Defaulted Property 208
Defeasance Deposit 207
Defeasance Loans 206
Defeasance Lock-Out Period 206
Defeasance Option 206
Definitive Certificate 373
Delegated Directive 20
Delinquent Loan 467
Department Store Ground Lease 211
Depositories 373
Determination Date 338
Development Authority 199
Digital 222
Diligence File 380
Directing Certificateholder 448
Directing Certificateholder Asset Status Report Approval Process 441
Disclosable Special Servicer Fees 415
Discount Rate 354
Discount Yield 326
Dispute Resolution Consultation 490
Dispute Resolution Cut-off Date 490
Distribution Accounts 397
Distribution Date 338
Distribution Date Statement 361
Dodd-Frank Act 126
DOL 570
Drainage Parcel 212
DSCR 155
DTC 373
DTC Participants 373
DTC Rules 374
Due Date 202, 341
E  
Earnout Letter of Credit 214
Earnout Release Conditions 214
Earnout Release Date 214
EDGAR 568
EEA 19
Effective Gross Income 152
Eligible Asset Representations Reviewer 471
Eligible Operating Advisor 461
Enforcing Party 488
Enforcing Servicer 487
ESA 181
Escrow/Reserve Mitigating Circumstances 284
EU Risk Retention and Due Diligence Requirements 125
Euroclear 373
Euroclear Operator 375
Euroclear Participants 375
Exception Schedules 334
Excess Interest 338
Excess Interest Distribution Account 398
Excess Modification Fee Amount 411
Excess Modification Fees 409
Excess Prepayment Interest Shortfall 358
Exchange Act 257
Excluded Controlling Class Holder 363
Excluded Controlling Class Loan 364
Excluded Information 364
Excluded Loan 364
Excluded Plan 572
Excluded Special Servicer 476
Excluded Special Servicer Loan 476
Exemption 570
Exemption Rating Agency 571
F  
Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholders 247
Fair Oaks Mall A Notes 246
Fair Oaks Mall B Note Control Appraisal Period 252
Fair Oaks Mall B Noteholders 248
Fair Oaks Mall B Notes 246
Fair Oaks Mall Borrower Related Party 252
Fair Oaks Mall Companion Loans 246
Fair Oaks Mall Controlling Noteholder 252
Fair Oaks Mall Cure Payment 255
Fair Oaks Mall Intercreditor Agreement 246
Fair Oaks Mall Major Decision 252
Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan 246
Fair Oaks Mall Note A Percentage Interest 251
Fair Oaks Mall Note A Rate 251


 

580 

 

 

Fair Oaks Mall Note A Relative Spread 251
Fair Oaks Mall Note B Percentage Interest 251
Fair Oaks Mall Note B Rate 251
Fair Oaks Mall Note B Relative Spread 251
Fair Oaks Mall Noteholders 246
Fair Oaks Mall Pari Passu Companion Loans 246
Fair Oaks Mall Purchase Notice 256
Fair Oaks Mall Sequential Pay Event 251
Fair Oaks Mall Trust Note 246
Fair Oaks Mall Trust Noteholder 252
Fair Oaks Mall Workout 247
FATCA 562
FDIA 143
FDIC 143
FIEL 23
Final Asset Status Report 441
Final Dispute Resolution Election Notice 490
Financial Promotion Order 20
FINRA 567
FIRREA 147
Fitch 311, 505
FPO Persons 20
FSMA 20
G  
GAAP 321
Gain-on-Sale Entitlement Amount 340
Gain-on-Sale Remittance Amount 341
Gain-on-Sale Reserve Account 398
Garn Act 530
GLA 156
Government Securities 204
GPLET 200
Grantor Trust 338, 550
GRTR of @% or YM(#) 159
H  
Hilton 184
Horizontal Risk Retention Certificates 321, 336
Horizontal Risk Retention Percentage 321
I  
IMI 570
Impermissible Risk Retention Affiliate 479
Impermissible RP Affiliate 479
Income Tax Regulations 550
Indirect Participants 373
Initial Delivery Date 438
Initial Pool Balance 148
Initial Rate 203
Initial Requesting Certificateholder 487
In-Place Cash Management 156
Insolvency Act 144
Institutional Investor 22
Insurance and Condemnation Proceeds 396
Insurance Distribution Directive 19
Intercreditor Agreement 223
Interest Accrual Amount 347
Interest Accrual Period 347
Interest Distribution Amount 347
Interest Reserve Account 397
Interest Shortfall 347
Interested Person 447
Interest-Only Certificates 324
Interest-Only Expected Price 330
Interim Settlement Agreement 169
Interpolated Yield 325, 329
Investor Certification 364
J  
JCPenney 211
K  
KBRA 471, 505
L  
L(#) 158
Liquidation Fee 412
Liquidation Fee Rate 412
Liquidation Proceeds 397
LNR Partners 314
LNRSH 117
Loan Per Unit 156
Lock-out Period 204
Loss of Value Payment 384
Lower-Tier Regular Interests 550
Lower-Tier REMIC 338, 550
LTV Ratio 153
LTV Ratio at Maturity or Anticipated Repayment Date 156
LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD 156
LUST 183
M  
MAI 386
Major Decision 450
Major Decision Reporting Package 449
MAS 22


 

581 

 

 

 

Master Servicer Decision 429
Material Defect 382
Maturity Date Balloon or ARD Payment 157
MDEQ 182
MiFID II 19
MLPA 378
Modification Fees 409
Moody’s 312, 505
Morningstar 311
Mortgage 149
Mortgage File 378
Mortgage Loans 148
Mortgage Note 149
Mortgage Pool 148
Mortgage Rate 347
Mortgaged Property 149
N  
Net Mortgage Rate 346
Net Operating Income 157
NEZ 199
NFA 567
NI 33-105 24
Non-Control Note 224
Non-Controlling Fair Oaks Mall A Noteholder 254
Non-Controlling Holder 224
Nonrecoverable Advance 393
Non-Serviced AB Whole Loan 224
Non-Serviced Certificate Administrator 224
Non-Serviced Companion Loan 224
Non-Serviced Directing Certificateholder 225
Non-Serviced Master Servicer 225
Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan 225
Non-Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan 225
Non-Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan 225
Non-Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan 225
Non-Serviced PSA 225
Non-Serviced Special Servicer 225
Non-Serviced Subordinate Companion Loan 225
Non-Serviced Trustee 225
Non-Serviced Whole Loan 225
Non-U.S. Person 562
Notional Amount 338
NRA 157
NRSRO 363
NRSRO Certification 366
O  
O(#) 158
OCC 266
Occupancy As Of Date 158
Occupancy Rate 157
Offered Certificates 336
OID Regulations 554
OLA 144
Operating Advisor Annual Report 459
Operating Advisor Consultation Event 333
Operating Advisor Consulting Fee 416
Operating Advisor Expenses 416
Operating Advisor Fee 415
Operating Advisor Fee Rate 416
Operating Advisor Standard 459
Operating Advisor Termination Event 463
Opportunity Zone 200
Other Master Servicer 225
Other PSA 225
Other Special Servicer 226
Outlot Parcel 209
P  
P&I Advance 392
P&I Advance Date 391
PACE 223
Pads 163
Par Purchase Price 445
Parent Parcel 182
Pari Passu Companion Loans 148
Pari Passu Mortgage Loan 226
Parking Lot Outparcels 211
Participants 373
Parties in Interest 569
partnership representative 561
Pass-Through Rate 345
Patriot Act 532
Payment Guaranty 198
PCIS Persons 20
Pentalpha Surveillance 318
Percentage Interest 339
Periodic Payments 339
Permitted Investments 339, 398
Permitted Special Servicer/Affiliate Fees 415
PIPs 184
PL 270
Plans 569
PML 270
PRC 21
Preliminary Dispute Resolution Election Notice 490


 

582 

 

 

Prepayment Assumption 555
Prepayment Interest Excess 356
Prepayment Interest Shortfall 356
Prepayment Premium 355
Prepayment Provisions 158
PRIIPS Regulation 19
Prime Rate 396
Principal Balance Certificates 336
Principal Distribution Amount 347
Principal Shortfall 349
Privileged Information 462
Privileged Information Exception 462
Privileged Person 363
Professional Investors 21, 22
Prohibited Prepayment 357
Promotion of Collective Investment Schemes Exemptions Order 20
Proposed Course of Action 489
Proposed Course of Action Notice 489
Prospectus 21
Prospectus Directive 19
Prudential 222
PSA 335
PSA Party Repurchase Request 488
PTCE 573
Purchase Price 384
Q  
Qualification Criteria 274, 297
Qualified Investor 19
Qualified Replacement Special Servicer 477
Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan 385
Qualifying CRE Loan Percentage 322
R  
RAC No-Response Scenario 504
Radon Report 183
Rated Final Distribution Date 356
Rating Agencies 505
Rating Agency Confirmation 505
RDM Property 217
REA 71
Realized Loss 359
REC 181
Record Date 338
Registration Statement 568
Regular Certificates 336
Regular Interestholder 553
Regular Interests 550
Regulation AB 507
Reimbursement Rate 396
Related Proceeds 395
Release Date 206
Release Debt Yield 208
Release Parcel 209
Release Price 208
Release Property 210
Relevant Institutions 146
Relevant Investor 22
Relevant Member State 19
Relevant Persons 20
Relief Act 531
Remaining Term to Maturity or ARD 159
REMIC 550
REO Account 398
REO Loan 350
REO Property 438
Repurchase Request 488
Requesting Certificateholder 490
Requesting Holders 424
Requesting Investor 377
Requesting Party 504
Required Credit Risk Retention Percentage 322
Requirements 532
Residual Certificates 336
Resolution Authorities 146
Resolution Authority 126
Resolution Failure 488
Resolved 488
Restricted Group 571
Restricted Party 462
Retaining Party 321
Retaining Sponsor 321, 322
Review Materials 468
Revised Rate 203
RevPAR 159
Risk Retention Affiliate 462
Risk Retention Affiliated 462
RMBS 308
ROFO 193
ROFR 193
Rooms 163
Royal Park 308
Rule 15Ga-1 Reporting Period 275
Rule 17g-5 366
S  
S&P 311
Scheduled Certificate Interest Payments 328
Scheduled Certificate Principal Payments 324


 

583 

 

 

Scheduled Principal Distribution Amount 348
SEC 257
Securities Act 506
Securitization Accounts 336, 398
SEL 270, 301
Senior Certificates 336
Seritage 168
Serviced Companion Loan 226
Serviced Mortgage Loan 226
Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan 226
Serviced Pari Passu Companion Loan Securities 481
Serviced Pari Passu Mortgage Loan 226
Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loan 226
Serviced Whole Loan 226
Servicer Termination Event 479
Servicing Advances 392
Servicing Fee 407
Servicing Fee Rate 407
Servicing Standard 390
SF 159
SFA 22
SFO 21
Similar Law 569
Simon Guarantor 198
Simon Guarantor Affiliate 198
SIPC 567
SMMEA 574
Special Servicing Fee 410
Special Servicing Fee Rate 410
Specially Serviced Loans 435
Sq. Ft. 159
Square Feet 159
SRB 146
SSM 146
Startup Day 551
Stated Principal Balance 349
Structured Product 21
Structuring Assumptions 541
STWD 314
Subordinate Certificates 336
Subordinate Companion Loan 226
Subordinate Companion Loans 149
Subsequent Asset Status Report 439
Sub-Servicing Agreement 391
Swap-Priced Expected Price 328
Swap-Priced Principal Balance Certificates 324
T  
T-12 159
Target Improvements 168
Target Parcel 168, 209
Target Price 327
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 553
TCE 182
Tempe Patent 196
Term to Maturity 159
Termination Purchase Amount 508
Terms and Conditions 376
Tests 469
The Tannery Release Parcel 212
Third-Party Purchaser 321
Title V 531
Total Operating Expenses 152
TRIPRA 91
Trust 304
Trust REMICs 550
TTM 159
Turnberry Guarantor 198
Turnberry Guarantor Affiliate 198
U  
U.S. Person 562
U/W DSCR 155
U/W Expenses 159
U/W NCF 159
U/W NCF Debt Yield 162
U/W NCF DSCR 155
U/W Net Cash Flow 159
U/W Net Operating Income 162
U/W NOI 162
U/W NOI Debt Yield 163
U/W NOI DSCR 162
U/W Revenues 163
UCC 312, 516
UK Bank 145
Underwriter Entities 114
Underwriting Agreement 564
Underwritten Debt Service Coverage Ratio 155
Underwritten Expenses 159
Underwritten NCF 159
Underwritten NCF Debt Yield 162
Underwritten Net Cash Flow 159
Underwritten Net Cash Flow Debt Service Coverage Ratio 155
Underwritten Net Operating Income 162
Underwritten Net Operating Income Debt Service Coverage Ratio 162
Underwritten NOI 162
Underwritten NOI Debt Yield 163
Underwritten Revenues 163
Units 163


 

584 

 

 

Unscheduled Principal Distribution Amount 348
Unsolicited Information 469
Upper-Tier REMIC 338, 550
USTs 182
V  
Volcker Rule 126
Voting Rights 372
W  
WAC Rate 346
Wachovia Bank 266
Weighted Average Mortgage Rate 164
weighted averages 164
Wells Fargo Bank 266
Wells Fargo Bank Data Tape 273
Wells Fargo Bank Deal Team 272
Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans 269
WFCM 2018-C47 PSA 226
Whole Loan 149
Withheld Amounts 398
Workout Fee 410
Workout Fee Rate 410
Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount 396
WTNA 305
Y  
Yield Maintenance Charge 355
Yield-Priced Expected Price 330
Yield-Priced Principal Balance Certificates 324
YM(#) 158


 

585 

 

 

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ANNEX A-1

 

CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS
AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

 

 

 

 

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ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Mortgage Loan Seller(1) Cross Collateralized and Cross Defaulted Loan Flag Address City State Zip Code General Property Type Specific Property Type Year
Built
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio Barclays   2600-3070 Northwest 72nd Avenue and 4400 Northwest 72nd Avenue Miami FL 33162; 33166 Industrial Warehouse/Showroom 1977
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown AREF   623 Union Street Nashville TN 37219 Hospitality Full Service 1975
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio WFB   Various Various Various Various Retail Single Tenant Various
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA WFB   6717 Richmond Highway Alexandria VA 22306 Retail Single Tenant 2008
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA WFB   2320 North Druid Hills Road Atlanta GA 30329 Retail Single Tenant 2010
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC WFB   2585 South Church Street Burlington NC 27215 Retail Single Tenant 2008
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA WFB   160 East Central Street Franklin MA 02038 Retail Single Tenant 2010
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD WFB   1802 Main Street Chester MD 21619 Retail Single Tenant 2010
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX WFB   7610 McPherson Road Laredo TX 78041 Retail Single Tenant 2008
4 Riverworks AREF   480 Pleasant Street & 5 Bridge Street Watertown MA 02472 Office Suburban 1907
5 1000 Windward Concourse AREF   1000 Windward Concourse Alpharetta GA 30005 Office Suburban 1997
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio WFB   Various Various Various Various Hospitality Various Various
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel WFB   9801 Natural Bridge Road St. Louis MO 63134 Hospitality Full Service 1987
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel WFB   401 Locust Street Des Moines IA 50309 Hospitality Full Service 1887
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown WFB   525 South Jefferson Avenue St. Louis MO 63103 Hospitality Extended Stay 2006
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport WFB   1808 South Australian Avenue West Palm Beach FL 33409 Hospitality Full Service 1987
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront WFB   1600 East Beach Boulevard Gulfport MS 39501 Hospitality Select Service 1972
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown WFB   54 Peachtree Street SW Atlanta GA 30303 Hospitality Limited Service 1915
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills WFB   450 North Milwaukee Avenue Vernon Hills IL 60061 Hospitality Select Service 1997
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale WFB   15W90 North Frontage Road Burr Ridge IL 60527 Hospitality Limited Service 2000
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium WFB   2785 Ramada Way Green Bay WI 54304 Hospitality Full Service 2007
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area WFB   410 West Lake Street Elmhurst IL 60126 Hospitality Limited Service 2000
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita WFB   2041 North Bradley Fair Parkway Wichita KS 67206 Hospitality Select Service 2000
6.12 Courtyard Norman WFB   770 Copperfield Drive Norman OK 73072 Hospitality Select Service 2009
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre WFB   19 Radcliffe Drive Moosic PA 18507 Hospitality Limited Service 2012
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury WFB   128 Troopers Way Salisbury  MD 21804 Hospitality Select Service 2006
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West WFB   13639 Riverport Drive Maryland Heights MO 63043 Hospitality Extended Stay 2007
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount WFB   230 Gateway Boulevard Rocky Mount NC 27804 Hospitality Extended Stay 1999
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast WFB   2433 North Greenwich Road Wichita KS 67226 Hospitality Limited Service 2009
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury WFB   140 Centre Road Salisbury MD 21801 Hospitality Extended Stay 2007
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount WFB   250 Gateway Boulevard Rocky Mount NC 27804 Hospitality Select Service 2000
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio WFB   1220 North Greenwich Road Wichita KS 67206 Hospitality Limited Service 2009
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio WFB   1212 North Greenwich Road Wichita KS 67206 Hospitality Extended Stay 2005
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest WFB   3022 Northwest Expressway Oklahoma City OK 73112 Hospitality Limited Service 1997
7 Franklin Towne Center AREF   3391 NJ-27 Franklin Park NJ 08823 Retail Anchored 1993
8 Christiana Mall Barclays   132 Christiana Mall Newark DE 19702 Retail Super Regional Mall 1978
9 Bella at Norcross BSP   2445 Beaver Ruin Road Norcross GA 30071 Multifamily Garden 1972
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road Basis    1600 Terrell Mill Road Southeast Marietta GA 30067 Office Suburban 1980
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio Basis    Various Memphis TN 38133 Industrial Flex Various
11.01 Wolf Lake Basis    8370, 8380, 8390, 8400, 8410, 8500 Wolf Lake Drive Memphis TN 38133 Industrial Flex 2001
11.02 Stage Hills Basis    3080, 3110, 3111, 3144, 3150 Stage Post Drive & 7850, 7876, 8024 Stage Hills Boulevard Memphis TN 38133 Industrial Flex 1992
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio BSP   Various Various Various Various Other Data Center Various
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard BSP   14901 FAA Boulevard Fort Worth TX 76155 Other Data Center 2000
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive BSP   4650 Old Ironsides Drive Santa Clara CA 95054 Other Data Center 1977
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive BSP   43790 Devin Shafron Drive Ashburn VA 20147 Other Data Center 2011
12.04 636 Pierce Street BSP   636 Pierce Street Somerset NJ 08873 Other Data Center 2001
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle BSP   21551 Beaumeade Circle Ashburn VA 20147 Other Data Center 2012
12.06 7505 Mason King Court BSP   7505 Mason King Court Manassas VA 20109 Other Data Center 2003
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive BSP   4700 Old Ironsides Drive Santa Clara CA 95054 Other Data Center 1993
12.08 444 Toyama Drive BSP   444 Toyama Drive Sunnyvale CA 94089 Other Data Center 1999
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio BSP   Various Various CA Various Various Various Various
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage BSP   24194 Daytona Cove Perris  CA 92570 Self Storage Self Storage 2005-2009
13.02 Daytona Business Park BSP   24312 Daytona Cove Perris  CA 92570 Industrial Flex 2005-2013
13.03 Absolute Self Storage BSP   72450 Varner Road Thousand Palms CA 92276 Self Storage Self Storage 2007
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio AREF   Various Danbury CT 06810 Industrial Flex Various
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park AREF   1, 4, 10, 17-19 and 22 Eagle Road; 3, 7, 14-24 and 38 Commerce Drive; 3 and 6-16 Finance Drive; 4 Old Newtown Road; 37 Apple Ridge Road Danbury CT 06810 Industrial Flex 1956
14.02 34 Executive Drive AREF   34 Executive Drive Danbury CT 06810 Industrial Flex 1982
15 35 Claver Place Basis    35 Claver Place Brooklyn NY 11238 Multifamily Low Rise 1930
16 Aventura Mall WFB   19501 Biscayne Boulevard Aventura FL 33180 Retail Super Regional Mall 1983
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio Basis    Various Lansing MI Various Multifamily Garden Various
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts Basis    707 Prudden Street Lansing MI 48906 Multifamily Garden 1916
17.02 JI Case Lofts Basis    113 Pere Marquette Drive Lansing MI 48912 Multifamily Garden 1904
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments AREF   5181 S. Harvard Avenue Tulsa OK 74135 Multifamily Garden 1984
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments AREF   Various Indianapolis IN Various Multifamily Low Rise Various
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora AREF   9000 North College Avenue Indianapolis IN 46240 Multifamily Low Rise 1971
19.02 Fox Club Apartments AREF   4401 South Keystone Avenue Indianapolis IN 46227 Multifamily Low Rise 1972
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Barclays   Various Virginia Beach VA 23451 Hospitality Full Service Various
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront Barclays   3001 Atlantic Avenue Virginia Beach VA 23451 Hospitality Full Service 2005
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront Barclays   3315 Atlantic Avenue Virginia Beach VA 23451 Hospitality Full Service 2014
21 Home Depot Technology Center Barclays   2161-2250 Newmarket Parkway Southeast Marietta GA 30067 Office Suburban 1984
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland AREF   2134 West Landis Avenue Vineland NJ 08360 Hospitality Limited Service 2010
23 The Tannery AREF   19 West College Avenue Yardley PA 19067 Office Suburban 1905
24 Vernon Industrial  WFB   4177-4199 Bandini Boulevard Vernon CA 90058 Industrial Warehouse 1972
25 Liberty Portfolio Barclays   Various Various AZ Various Office Suburban Various
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado Barclays   1850, 1870, 1910, 1930 West Rio Salado Parkway Tempe AZ 85281 Office Suburban 2014
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive Barclays   8501 East Raintree Drive Scottsdale AZ 85260 Office Suburban 2006
26 Argenta Flats BSP   123 West 7th Street North Little Rock AR 72114 Multifamily Garden 2013
27 Century Town Center AREF   5975 20th Street Vero Beach FL 32966 Retail Anchored 2008
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs WFB   107 International Drive Franklin TN 37067 Hospitality Extended Stay 2016
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace AREF   1055-1065 Kennedy Road Windsor CT 06095 Retail Anchored 2007
30 1400 Flat Gap Road Barclays   1400 Flat Gap Road Jefferson City TN 37760 Industrial Warehouse 2002
31 Fair Oaks Mall Barclays   11750 Fair Oaks Mall Fairfax VA 22033 Retail Super Regional Mall 1980
32 Norriton Medical Center AREF   160-190 West Germantown Pike East Norriton Township PA 19428 Office Medical 1995
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney Basis    2008 North Central Expressway McKinney TX 75069 Hospitality Limited Service 2015
34 Kaden Tower AREF   6100 Dutchmans Lane Louisville KY 40205 Office CBD 1964
35 Buellton Self Storage WFB   711 Jonata Park Road Buellton CA 93427 Self Storage Self Storage 2007
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights Basis    36400 Van Dyke Avenue Sterling Heights MI 48312 Hospitality Limited Service 2002
37 Heartland Village Apartments AREF   1710-1791 Putnam Avenue Normal IL 61761 Multifamily Student Housing 2007
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio WFB   Various Various Various Various Self Storage Self Storage Various
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage WFB   100 Valency Drive Loveland CO 80537 Self Storage Self Storage 1995
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road WFB   5100 South Sooner Road Oklahoma City OK 73135 Self Storage Self Storage 2003
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street WFB   8401 Northwest 10th Street Oklahoma City OK 73127 Self Storage Self Storage 2002
39 33 Dart Road WFB   33 Dart Road Newnan GA 30265 Industrial Cold Storage/Manufacturing 1998
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai WFB   324 Bryant Street Ojai CA 93023 Self Storage Self Storage 2007
41 225 Carolina  AREF   225 Carolina Avenue Providence RI 02901 Office Suburban 1980
42 Fairmont Crossing Barclays   7215 Fairmont Parkway Pasadena TX 77505 Mixed Use Office/Retail 2008
43 Infinite Self Storage WFB   1397 North Larkin Avenue Joliet IL 60435 Self Storage Self Storage 2009
44 Willow Ridge AREF   854 West Battlement Parkway Parachute CO 81635 Multifamily Garden 1982
45 New London Square WFB   1425, 1427, 1489, 1495 Roswell Road Marietta GA 30062 Retail Anchored 1972
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX BSP   5317 Williams Drive Georgetown TX 78633 Retail Single Tenant 2012
47 Paso Robles Self Storage WFB   2941 Union Road Paso Robles CA 93446 Self Storage Self Storage 2005
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza WFB   5109 West Thomas Road Phoenix AZ 85031 Retail Anchored 1975
49 Safeway - Port Angeles WFB   2709 East Highway 101 Port Angeles WA 98362 Retail Single Tenant 2001
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road WFB   2011 and 2015 Abrams Road Dallas TX 75214 Retail Anchored 1935
51 Heron Lakes Apartments Basis    1164 Skywood Drive Mobile AL 36693 Multifamily Garden 1972
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center WFB   3946-3978 Rochester Road Troy MI 48083 Retail Unanchored 1985

 

A-1-1

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Year
Renovated
Number of Units(2) Unit of Measure(2) Cut-off Date Balance Per Unit/SF(7) Original Balance ($) Cut-off Date Balance ($) % of Aggregate
Cut-off Date
Balance
Maturity Date or ARD Balloon Payment ($) ARD Loan Origination Date First Pay Date Last IO Pay Date First P&I Pay Date Maturity Date or Anticipated Repayment Date
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio   745,597 Sq. Ft. 89 66,100,000 66,100,000 7.9% 66,100,000 N 11/16/2018 1/6/2019 12/6/2028   12/6/2028
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown 2017 482 Rooms 331,950 60,000,000 60,000,000 7.2% 60,000,000 N 10/4/2018 11/6/2018 10/6/2028   10/6/2028
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio   87,049 Sq. Ft. 460 40,000,000 40,000,000 4.8% 33,155,098 N 11/16/2018 1/11/2019   1/11/2019 12/11/2028
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA   14,469 Sq. Ft.   9,311,000 9,311,000 1.1%              
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA   14,110 Sq. Ft.   6,744,000 6,744,000 0.8%              
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC   14,550 Sq. Ft.   6,506,000 6,506,000 0.8%              
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA   14,550 Sq. Ft.   6,147,000 6,147,000 0.7%              
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD   14,550 Sq. Ft.   6,088,000 6,088,000 0.7%              
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX   14,820 Sq. Ft.   5,204,000 5,204,000 0.6%              
4 Riverworks 2013 201,417 Sq. Ft. 192 38,629,000 38,629,000 4.6% 38,629,000 N 10/15/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2028   11/6/2028
5 1000 Windward Concourse   251,425 Sq. Ft. 121 30,500,000 30,500,000 3.7% 28,649,833 N 10/17/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2024 12/6/2024 11/6/2028
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio Various 2,943 Rooms 90,044 30,000,000 30,000,000 3.6% 30,000,000 N 8/16/2018 10/11/2018 9/11/2028   9/11/2028
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel 2015 393 Rooms   3,958,388 3,958,388 0.5%              
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel 2018 209 Rooms   2,678,430 2,678,430 0.3%              
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown 2017 188 Rooms   2,512,510 2,512,510 0.3%              
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport 2015 175 Rooms   2,480,906 2,480,906 0.3%              
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront 2015 149 Rooms   1,785,620 1,785,620 0.2%              
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown 2012 156 Rooms   1,659,205 1,659,205 0.2%              
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills 2015 127 Rooms   1,524,888 1,524,888 0.2%              
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale 2015 128 Rooms   1,366,869 1,366,869 0.2%              
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium 2015 118 Rooms   1,335,265 1,335,265 0.2%              
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area 2015 128 Rooms   1,224,651 1,224,651 0.1%              
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita 2016 103 Rooms   1,066,632 1,066,632 0.1%              
6.12 Courtyard Norman 2016 113 Rooms   916,513 916,513 0.1%              
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre   102 Rooms   877,008 877,008 0.1%              
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury 2015 106 Rooms   845,404 845,404 0.1%              
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West 2017 104 Rooms   837,503 837,503 0.1%              
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount 2016 77 Rooms   837,503 837,503 0.1%              
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast 2017 102 Rooms   797,998 797,998 0.1%              
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury 2015 84 Rooms   790,097 790,097 0.1%              
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount 2015 90 Rooms   639,979 639,979 0.1%              
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio 2016 102 Rooms   632,078 632,078 0.1%              
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio 2013 93 Rooms   632,078 632,078 0.1%              
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest 2016 96 Rooms   600,474 600,474 0.1%              
7 Franklin Towne Center   138,364 Sq. Ft. 210 29,000,000 29,000,000 3.5% 20,350,080 Y 11/20/2018 1/6/2019   1/6/2019 10/6/2028
8 Christiana Mall 2014 779,084 Sq. Ft. 434 28,000,000 28,000,000 3.4% 28,000,000 N 7/12/2018 9/1/2018 8/1/2028   8/1/2028
9 Bella at Norcross 2018 318 Units 84,906 27,000,000 27,000,000 3.2% 25,102,324 N 11/9/2018 1/6/2019 12/6/2023 1/6/2024 12/6/2028
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road 2008 251,710 Sq. Ft. 103 26,000,000 26,000,000 3.1% 22,681,831 N 11/16/2018 01/06/2019 12/6/2020 1/6/2021 12/06/2028
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio   467,949 Sq. Ft. 55 25,600,000 25,600,000 3.1% 21,353,501 N 11/19/2018 01/01/2019   1/1/2019 12/01/2028
11.01 Wolf Lake   229,674 Sq. Ft.   13,150,000 13,150,000 1.6%              
11.02 Stage Hills   238,275 Sq. Ft.   12,450,000 12,450,000 1.5%              
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Various 1,042,933 Sq. Ft. 203 25,000,000 25,000,000 3.0% 25,000,000 N 9/7/2018 11/6/2018 10/6/2023   10/6/2023
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard   263,700 Sq. Ft.   5,047,170 5,047,170 0.6%              
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive 2012 124,383 Sq. Ft.   4,410,377 4,410,377 0.5%              
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive   152,138 Sq. Ft.   3,561,321 3,561,321 0.4%              
12.04 636 Pierce Street 2003 108,336 Sq. Ft.   2,959,906 2,959,906 0.4%              
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle   152,504 Sq. Ft.   2,665,094 2,665,094 0.3%              
12.06 7505 Mason King Court   109,650 Sq. Ft.   2,311,321 2,311,321 0.3%              
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive 1997 90,139 Sq. Ft.   2,252,358 2,252,358 0.3%              
12.08 444 Toyama Drive   42,083 Sq. Ft.   1,792,453 1,792,453 0.2%              
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio   607,004 Sq. Ft. 41 24,800,000 24,800,000 3.0% 20,516,783 N 11/16/2018 1/6/2019   1/6/2019 12/6/2028
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage   322,622 Sq. Ft.   12,270,000 12,270,000 1.5%              
13.02 Daytona Business Park   199,158 Sq. Ft.   7,030,000 7,030,000 0.8%              
13.03 Absolute Self Storage   85,224 Sq. Ft.   5,500,000 5,500,000 0.7%              
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio   468,711 Sq. Ft. 81 22,800,000 22,800,000 2.7% 22,800,000 N 10/26/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2028   11/6/2028
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park   379,829 Sq. Ft.   18,120,000 18,120,000 2.2%              
14.02 34 Executive Drive   88,882 Sq. Ft.   4,680,000 4,680,000 0.6%              
15 35 Claver Place 2018 44 Units 484,773 21,330,000 21,330,000 2.6% 21,330,000 N 11/01/2018 12/01/2018 11/1/2028   11/01/2028
16 Aventura Mall 2017 1,217,508 Sq. Ft. 1,155 20,000,000 20,000,000 2.4% 20,000,000 N 6/7/2018 8/1/2018 7/1/2028   7/1/2028
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio Various 140 Units 135,918 19,200,000 19,028,538 2.3% 15,859,552 N 03/23/2018 05/01/2018   5/1/2018 04/01/2028
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts 2005 119 Units   16,340,000 16,194,079 1.9%              
17.02 JI Case Lofts 2013 21 Units   2,860,000 2,834,459 0.3%              
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments   344 Units 52,744 18,144,000 18,144,000 2.2% 16,841,829 N 10/16/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2023 12/6/2023 11/6/2028
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments   924 Units 34,632 16,000,000 16,000,000 1.9% 14,716,738 N 10/12/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2022 12/6/2022 11/6/2028
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora   588 Units   10,794,939 10,794,939 1.3%              
19.02 Fox Club Apartments   336 Units   5,205,061 5,205,061 0.6%              
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Various 456 Rooms 197,368 15,000,000 15,000,000 1.8% 12,949,131 N 8/31/2018 10/6/2018 9/6/2020 10/6/2020 9/6/2028
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront 2018 289 Rooms   9,754,601 9,754,601 1.2%              
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront   167 Rooms   5,245,399 5,245,399 0.6%              
21 Home Depot Technology Center 2015 347,498 Sq. Ft. 127 14,300,000 14,300,000 1.7% 14,300,000 Y 10/11/2018 12/5/2018 11/5/2025   11/5/2025
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland   130 Rooms 108,262 14,100,000 14,074,103 1.7% 11,952,166 N 9/28/2018 11/6/2018   11/6/2018 10/6/2028
23 The Tannery 2018 65,355 Sq. Ft. 202 13,250,000 13,221,538 1.6% 10,986,327 N 9/14/2018 11/6/2018   11/6/2018 10/6/2028
24 Vernon Industrial  1977 147,300 Sq. Ft. 88 13,000,000 13,000,000 1.6% 13,000,000 N 11/16/2018 1/11/2019 12/11/2028   12/11/2028
25 Liberty Portfolio   805,746 Sq. Ft. 206 12,850,000 12,850,000 1.5% 12,850,000 N 9/26/2018 11/6/2018 10/6/2028   10/6/2028
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado   682,406 Sq. Ft.   10,914,174 10,914,174 1.3%              
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive   123,340 Sq. Ft.   1,935,826 1,935,826 0.2%              
26 Argenta Flats   160 Units 74,375 11,900,000 11,900,000 1.4% 10,413,718 N 11/16/2018 1/6/2019 12/6/2020 1/6/2021 12/6/2028
27 Century Town Center   99,533 Sq. Ft. 120 11,900,000 11,900,000 1.4% 10,979,104 N 10/18/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2023 12/6/2023 11/6/2028
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs   105 Rooms 113,333 11,900,000 11,900,000 1.4% 9,819,428 N 11/14/2018 1/11/2019   1/11/2019 12/11/2028
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace 2017 64,707 Sq. Ft. 178 11,500,000 11,500,000 1.4% 10,643,946 N 11/20/2018 1/6/2019 12/6/2023 1/6/2024 12/6/2028
30 1400 Flat Gap Road   485,977 Sq. Ft. 21 10,250,000 10,250,000 1.2% 9,467,422 N 11/2/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2020 12/6/2020 11/6/2025
31 Fair Oaks Mall 2014 779,949 Sq. Ft. 223 9,625,000 9,553,431 1.1% 8,919,006 N 4/27/2018 6/10/2018   6/10/2018 5/10/2023
32 Norriton Medical Center 2017 74,212 Sq. Ft. 117 8,700,000 8,700,000 1.0% 8,700,000 N 11/8/2018 1/6/2019 12/6/2028   12/6/2028
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney   79 Rooms 99,533 7,875,000 7,863,138 0.9% 6,040,312 N 10/18/2018 12/01/2018   12/1/2018 11/01/2028
34 Kaden Tower   86,834 Sq. Ft. 88 7,650,000 7,650,000 0.9% 6,667,787 N 11/19/2018 1/6/2019 8/6/2020 9/6/2020 12/6/2028
35 Buellton Self Storage   85,468 Sq. Ft. 88 7,500,000 7,500,000 0.9% 7,500,000 N 11/7/2018 12/11/2018 11/11/2028   11/11/2028
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights   76 Rooms 98,684 7,500,000 7,500,000 0.9% 6,308,103 N 11/19/2018 01/01/2019   1/1/2019 12/01/2028
37 Heartland Village Apartments   288 Beds 24,089 6,937,500 6,937,500 0.8% 6,238,172 N 11/2/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2021 12/6/2021 11/6/2028
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio   139,785 Sq. Ft. 48 6,700,000 6,700,000 0.8% 6,008,251 N 11/6/2018 12/11/2018 11/11/2021 12/11/2021 11/11/2028
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage   75,325 Sq. Ft.   3,605,700 3,605,700 0.4%              
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road   49,110 Sq. Ft.   2,309,530 2,309,530 0.3%              
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street   15,350 Sq. Ft.   784,770 784,770 0.1%              
39 33 Dart Road 2014 104,880 Sq. Ft. 63 6,600,000 6,600,000 0.8% 6,600,000 N 10/26/2018 12/11/2018 11/11/2028   11/11/2028
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai   85,595 Sq. Ft. 70 6,000,000 6,000,000 0.7% 6,000,000 N 11/8/2018 12/11/2018 11/11/2028   11/11/2028
41 225 Carolina  2015 40,507 Sq. Ft. 148 6,000,000 6,000,000 0.7% 5,437,485 N 10/30/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2022 12/6/2022 11/6/2028
42 Fairmont Crossing 2012 29,114 Sq. Ft. 203 5,900,000 5,900,000 0.7% 5,462,013 N 11/16/2018 1/6/2019 12/6/2023 1/6/2024 12/6/2028
43 Infinite Self Storage   94,600 Sq. Ft. 61 5,750,000 5,750,000 0.7% 5,750,000 N 10/18/2018 12/11/2018 11/11/2028   11/11/2028
44 Willow Ridge   211 Units 26,943 5,685,000 5,685,000 0.7% 5,004,948 N 10/4/2018 11/6/2018 4/6/2021 5/6/2021 10/6/2028
45 New London Square   89,053 Sq. Ft. 57 5,075,000 5,075,000 0.6% 4,325,411 N 11/7/2018 12/11/2018 11/11/2019 12/11/2019 11/11/2028
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX   14,820 Sq. Ft. 294 4,350,000 4,350,000 0.5% 4,350,000 N 10/23/2018 12/6/2018 11/6/2028   11/6/2028
47 Paso Robles Self Storage   96,098 Sq. Ft. 42 4,000,000 4,000,000 0.5% 4,000,000 N 11/14/2018 1/11/2019 12/11/2028   12/11/2028
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza 2014 73,725 Sq. Ft. 54 3,960,000 3,960,000 0.5% 3,236,160 N 11/13/2018 1/11/2019   1/11/2019 12/11/2028
49 Safeway - Port Angeles 2007 43,228 Sq. Ft. 81 3,500,000 3,500,000 0.4% 3,500,000 N 11/1/2018 12/11/2018 11/11/2028   11/11/2028
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road 2017 8,362 Sq. Ft. 371 3,100,000 3,100,000 0.4% 3,100,000 N 11/14/2018 1/11/2019 12/11/2028   12/11/2028
51 Heron Lakes Apartments   52 Units 43,898 2,300,000 2,282,696 0.3% 1,744,971 N 06/27/2018 08/01/2018   8/1/2018 07/01/2028
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center   19,036 Sq. Ft. 79 1,500,000 1,500,000 0.2% 1,343,350 N 11/9/2018 12/11/2018 11/11/2021 12/11/2021 11/11/2028

 

A-1-2

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name ARD Loan Maturity Date Gross Mortgage Rate Trust Advisor Fee Certificate Administrator Fee Rate Servicing Fee CREFC® IP Royalty License Fee Rate Asset Representations Reviewer Fee Rate Net Mortgage Rate Interest Accrual Method Monthly P&I Payment ($) Amortization Type Interest Accrual Method During IO
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio   4.98100% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.96470% Actual/360 278,180.78 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown   5.03500% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.02075% Actual/360 255,246.53 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio   5.25000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.23370% Actual/360 220,881.48 Amortizing Balloon  
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA                        
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA                        
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC                        
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA                        
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD                        
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX                        
4 Riverworks   4.85700% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.84070% Actual/360 158,522.42 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
5 1000 Windward Concourse   4.99500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.97870% Actual/360 163,637.41 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio   5.15000% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.13575% Actual/360 130,538.19 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel                        
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel                        
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown                        
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport                        
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront                        
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown                        
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills                        
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale                        
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium                        
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area                        
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita                        
6.12 Courtyard Norman                        
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre                        
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury                        
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West                        
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount                        
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast                        
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury                        
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount                        
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio                        
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio                        
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest                        
7 Franklin Towne Center 12/6/2030 5.41000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.39370% Actual/360 188,110.77 Amortizing ARD  
8 Christiana Mall   4.27750% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00375% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.26450% Actual/360 101,194.56 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
9 Bella at Norcross   5.54000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.52370% Actual/360 153,981.32 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road   5.33000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.31370% Actual/360 144,863.97 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio   5.45000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.43370% Actual/360 144,551.91 Amortizing Balloon  
11.01 Wolf Lake                        
11.02 Stage Hills                        
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio   4.55750% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.54325% Actual/360 96,266.64 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard                        
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive                        
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive                        
12.04 636 Pierce Street                        
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle                        
12.06 7505 Mason King Court                        
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive                        
12.08 444 Toyama Drive                        
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio   5.19000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.17370% Actual/360 136,026.34 Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage                        
13.02 Daytona Business Park                        
13.03 Absolute Self Storage                        
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio   5.72500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.03250% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.68120% Actual/360 110,285.76 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park                        
14.02 34 Executive Drive                        
15 35 Claver Place   5.31500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.29870% Actual/360 95,786.27 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
16 Aventura Mall   4.12125% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00375% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.10825% Actual/360 69,641.49 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio   5.14000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.12370% Actual/360 104,718.77 Amortizing Balloon  
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts                        
17.02 JI Case Lofts                        
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments   5.43000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.41370% Actual/360 102,224.19 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments   5.98000% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.96575% Actual/360 95,722.45 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora                        
19.02 Fox Club Apartments                        
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio   4.91250% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.89825% Actual/360 79,723.01 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront                        
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront                        
21 Home Depot Technology Center 11/5/2028 5.00100% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00375% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.98800% Actual/360 60,422.96 Interest-only, ARD Actual/360
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland   5.98000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.04250% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.92620% Actual/360 84,355.41 Amortizing Balloon  
23 The Tannery   5.26000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.24370% Actual/360 73,249.08 Amortizing Balloon  
24 Vernon Industrial    5.00000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.98370% Actual/360 54,918.98 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
25 Liberty Portfolio   4.75500% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.74075% Actual/360 51,625.32 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado                        
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive                        
26 Argenta Flats   5.46000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.44370% Actual/360 67,268.54 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
27 Century Town Center   5.01800% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.00170% Actual/360 64,012.75 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs   5.11000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.09370% Actual/360 64,684.16 Amortizing Balloon  
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace   5.23000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.21370% Actual/360 63,361.04 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
30 1400 Flat Gap Road   5.10500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.08870% Actual/360 55,683.85 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
31 Fair Oaks Mall   4.25800% 0.00000% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.24375% Actual/360 45,053.38 Amortizing Balloon  
32 Norriton Medical Center   5.14500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.12870% Actual/360 37,819.32 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney   5.72000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.70370% Actual/360 49,399.46 Amortizing Balloon  
34 Kaden Tower   5.59500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.57870% Actual/360 43,892.93 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
35 Buellton Self Storage   4.99500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.97870% Actual/360 31,652.34 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights   5.72000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.70370% Actual/360 43,625.13 Amortizing Balloon  
37 Heartland Village Apartments   5.75000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.07500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.66370% Actual/360 40,485.37 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio   5.61500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.59870% Actual/360 38,526.69 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage                        
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road                        
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street                        
39 33 Dart Road   4.90000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.88370% Actual/360 27,324.31 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai   5.04000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.02370% Actual/360 25,550.00 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
41 225 Carolina    5.12000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.10370% Actual/360 32,650.76 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
42 Fairmont Crossing   5.24500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.22870% Actual/360 32,561.75 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
43 Infinite Self Storage   5.53000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.06250% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.45620% Actual/360 26,865.94 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
44 Willow Ridge   5.24000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.22370% Actual/360 31,357.58 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
45 New London Square   5.33000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.31370% Actual/360 28,276.33 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX   5.33000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.31370% Actual/360 19,589.60 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
47 Paso Robles Self Storage   4.87000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.85370% Actual/360 16,458.80 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza   4.81500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 4.79870% Actual/360 20,812.67 Amortizing Balloon  
49 Safeway - Port Angeles   5.26000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.24370% Actual/360 15,554.75 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road   5.50500% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.48870% Actual/360 14,418.77 Interest-only, Balloon Actual/360
51 Heron Lakes Apartments   5.40000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.38370% Actual/360 13,986.99 Amortizing Balloon  
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center   5.55000% 0.00205% 0.00840% 0.00500% 0.00050% 0.00035% 5.53370% Actual/360 8,563.95 Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon Actual/360

 

A-1-3

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Original Term to Maturity or ARD (Mos.) Remaining Term to Maturity or ARD (Mos.) Original IO
Period (Mos.)(3)
Remaining IO
Period (Mos.)
Original Amort Term (Mos.) Remaining Amort Term (Mos.) Seasoning Prepayment Provisions Grace Period Default (Days) Grace Period Late (Days)(4)
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio 120 120 120 120 0 0 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown 120 118 120 118 0 0 2 L(26),D(88),O(6) 0 0
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio 120 120 0 0 360 360 0 L(24),GRTR 1% or YM(92),O(4) 0 0
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA                    
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA                    
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC                    
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA                    
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD                    
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX                    
4 Riverworks 120 119 120 119 0 0 1 L(25),D(90),O(5) 0 0
5 1000 Windward Concourse 120 119 72 71 360 360 1 L(25),D(92),O(3) 0 0
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio 120 117 120 117 0 0 3 L(11),GRTR 1% or YM(16),GRTR 1% or YM or D(86),O(7) 0 0
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel                    
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel                    
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown                    
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport                    
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront                    
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown                    
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills                    
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale                    
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium                    
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area                    
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita                    
6.12 Courtyard Norman                    
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre                    
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury                    
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West                    
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount                    
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast                    
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury                    
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount                    
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio                    
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio                    
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest                    
7 Franklin Towne Center 118 118 0 0 264 264 0 L(24),D(90),O(4) 0 0
8 Christiana Mall 120 116 120 116 0 0 4 L(28),D(85),O(7) 0, 1 grace period of 1 day once every 12 month period 0
9 Bella at Norcross 120 120 60 60 360 360 0 L(24),D(89),O(7) 0 - Two time grace period of 5 days; no more than 1 grace period every 12 months.  0
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road 120 120 24 24 360 360 0 L(24),D(93),O(3) 0 0
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio 120 120 0 0 360 360 0 L(24),D(93),O(3) 5 5
11.01 Wolf Lake                    
11.02 Stage Hills                    
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio 60 58 60 58 0 0 2 L(26),GRTR 1% or YM or D(27),O(7) 0 0
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard                    
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive                    
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive                    
12.04 636 Pierce Street                    
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle                    
12.06 7505 Mason King Court                    
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive                    
12.08 444 Toyama Drive                    
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio 120 120 0 0 360 360 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage                    
13.02 Daytona Business Park                    
13.03 Absolute Self Storage                    
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio 120 119 120 119 0 0 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park                    
14.02 34 Executive Drive                    
15 35 Claver Place 120 119 120 119 0 0 1 L(25),D(92),O(3) 5 5
16 Aventura Mall 120 115 120 115 0 0 5 L(29),D(84),O(7) 0 0
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio 120 112 0 0 360 352 8 L(32),D(85),O(3) 5 5
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts                    
17.02 JI Case Lofts                    
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments 120 119 60 59 360 360 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments 120 119 48 47 360 360 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora                    
19.02 Fox Club Apartments                    
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio 120 117 24 21 360 360 3 L(27),D(89),O(4) 0 0
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront                    
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront                    
21 Home Depot Technology Center 84 83 84 83 0 0 1 L(25),D(52),O(7) 0 0
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland 120 118 0 0 360 358 2 L(26),D(90),O(4) 0 0
23 The Tannery 120 118 0 0 360 358 2 L(26),D(90),O(4) 0 0
24 Vernon Industrial  120 120 120 120 0 0 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
25 Liberty Portfolio 120 118 120 118 0 0 2 L(26),D(91),O(3) 0 5
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado                    
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive                    
26 Argenta Flats 120 120 24 24 360 360 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
27 Century Town Center 120 119 60 59 360 360 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs 120 120 0 0 360 360 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace 120 120 60 60 360 360 0 L(24),D(93),O(3) 0 0
30 1400 Flat Gap Road 84 83 24 23 360 360 1 L(25),D(55),O(4) 0 0
31 Fair Oaks Mall 60 53 0 0 360 353 7 L(31),D(25),O(4) 0 0
32 Norriton Medical Center 120 120 120 120 0 0 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney 120 119 0 0 300 299 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 5 5
34 Kaden Tower 120 120 20 20 360 360 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
35 Buellton Self Storage 120 119 120 119 0 0 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights 120 120 0 0 360 360 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 5 5
37 Heartland Village Apartments 120 119 36 35 360 360 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio 120 119 36 35 360 360 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage                    
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road                    
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street                    
39 33 Dart Road 120 119 120 119 0 0 1 L(25),D(88),O(7) 0 0
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai 120 119 120 119 0 0 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
41 225 Carolina  120 119 48 47 360 360 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
42 Fairmont Crossing 120 120 60 60 360 360 0 L(24),GRTR 1% or YM(92),O(4) 0 0
43 Infinite Self Storage 120 119 120 119 0 0 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
44 Willow Ridge 120 118 30 28 360 360 2 L(26),D(90),O(4) 0 0
45 New London Square 120 119 12 11 360 360 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX 120 119 120 119 0 0 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
47 Paso Robles Self Storage 120 120 120 120 0 0 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza 120 120 0 0 360 360 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
49 Safeway - Port Angeles 120 119 120 119 0 0 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road 120 120 120 120 0 0 0 L(24),D(92),O(4) 0 0
51 Heron Lakes Apartments 120 115 0 0 300 295 5 L(29),D(89),O(2) 5 5
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center 120 119 36 35 360 360 1 L(25),D(91),O(4) 0 0

 

A-1-4

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Appraised Value ($)(5) Appraisal Date Coop -Rental Value  Coop - LTV as Rental  Coop - Unsold Percent  Coop - Sponsor Units  Coop - Investor Units  Coop - Units Coop - Sponsor Carry Coop - Committed Secondary Debt U/W NOI
DSCR (x)(7)(13)
U/W NCF
DSCR (x)(7)(13)
Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(5)(7)(13) LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD(5)(7)(13) Cut-off Date U/W NOI Debt Yield(7)(13)
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio 104,400,000 10/15/2018                 1.95 1.77 63.3% 63.3% 9.9%
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown 276,500,000 9/13/2018                 2.72 2.48 57.9% 57.9% 13.9%
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio 56,905,000 Various                 1.26 1.26 70.3% 58.3% 8.4%
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA 13,000,000 10/18/2018                          
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA 9,825,000 10/21/2018                          
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC 9,080,000 10/11/2018                          
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA 8,200,000 10/11/2018                          
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD 8,900,000 10/18/2018                          
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX 7,900,000 10/15/2018                          
4 Riverworks 64,400,000 9/19/2018                 2.16 2.02 51.2% 51.2% 10.6%
5 1000 Windward Concourse 48,000,000 9/11/2018                 1.82 1.66 63.5% 59.7% 11.7%
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio 401,000,000 Various                 2.40 2.07 66.1% 66.1% 12.5%
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel 50,100,000 7/2/2018                          
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel 33,600,000 7/6/2018                          
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown 31,800,000 7/12/2018                          
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport 29,700,000 7/9/2018                          
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront 22,600,000 7/10/2018                          
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown 21,000,000 7/2/2018                          
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills 19,300,000 7/9/2018                          
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale 17,300,000 7/9/2018                          
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium 16,900,000 7/8/2018                          
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area 15,500,000 7/9/2018                          
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita 13,500,000 7/3/2018                          
6.12 Courtyard Norman 11,600,000 7/2/2018                          
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre 11,100,000 7/3/2018                          
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury 10,700,000 7/6/2018                          
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West 10,600,000 7/12/2018                          
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount 10,600,000 7/11/2018                          
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast 10,100,000 7/3/2018                          
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury 10,000,000 7/11/2018                          
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount 8,100,000 7/11/2018                          
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio 8,000,000 7/3/2018                          
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio 8,000,000 7/3/2018                          
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest 7,600,000 7/2/2018                          
7 Franklin Towne Center 47,800,000 9/18/2018                 1.61 1.57 60.7% 42.6% 12.5%
8 Christiana Mall 1,040,000,000 6/5/2018                 3.19 3.15 32.5% 32.5% 13.8%
9 Bella at Norcross 42,000,000 10/18/2018                 1.35 1.30 64.3% 59.8% 9.2%
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road 40,000,000 10/23/2018                 1.49 1.30 65.0% 56.7% 10.0%
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio 43,000,000 10/15/2018                 1.68 1.40 59.5% 49.7% 11.4%
11.01 Wolf Lake 21,800,000 10/15/2018                          
11.02 Stage Hills 21,200,000 10/15/2018                          
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio 387,600,000 Various                 2.57 2.50 54.7% 54.7% 11.9%
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard 78,300,000 7/13/2018                          
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive 68,400,000 7/6/2018                          
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive 55,300,000 7/16/2018                          
12.04 636 Pierce Street 45,800,000 7/12/2018                          
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle 41,300,000 7/6/2018                          
12.06 7505 Mason King Court 35,900,000 7/10/2018                          
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive 34,900,000 7/6/2018                          
12.08 444 Toyama Drive 27,700,000 7/6/2018                          
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio 39,700,000 10/10/2018                 1.49 1.39 62.5% 51.7% 9.8%
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage 20,400,000 10/10/2018                          
13.02 Daytona Business Park 11,500,000 10/10/2018                          
13.03 Absolute Self Storage 7,800,000 10/10/2018                          
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio 61,100,000 8/1/2018                 1.55 1.48 62.2% 62.2% 9.0%
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park 50,500,000 8/1/2018                          
14.02 34 Executive Drive 10,600,000 8/1/2018                          
15 35 Claver Place 32,000,000 10/14/2018                 1.36 1.35 66.7% 66.7% 7.3%
16 Aventura Mall 3,450,000,000 4/16/2018                 2.63 2.58 40.8% 40.8% 11.0%
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio 27,860,000 10/29/2018                 1.28 1.25 68.3% 56.9% 8.4%
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts 23,400,000 10/29/2018                          
17.02 JI Case Lofts 4,460,000 10/29/2018                          
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments 24,300,000 8/30/2018                 1.42 1.34 72.6% 67.3% 9.6%
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments 48,700,000 5/18/2018                 1.42 1.30 65.7% 60.4% 10.2%
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora 32,900,000 5/18/2018                          
19.02 Fox Club Apartments 15,800,000 5/18/2018                          
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio 130,400,000 Various                 2.05 1.84 69.0% 59.6% 13.1%
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront 84,800,000 7/23/2018                          
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront 45,600,000 8/1/2019                          
21 Home Depot Technology Center 66,600,000 8/31/2018                 1.83 1.77 66.5% 66.5% 9.3%
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland 21,000,000 8/1/2018                 2.04 1.85 67.0% 56.9% 14.7%
23 The Tannery 18,900,000 7/30/2018                 1.56 1.47 70.0% 58.1% 10.3%
24 Vernon Industrial  25,000,000 11/1/2018                 2.04 1.97 52.0% 52.0% 10.4%
25 Liberty Portfolio 256,700,000 Various                 1.89 1.77 64.6% 64.6% 9.1%
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado 212,910,000 8/22/2018                          
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive 43,790,000 8/24/2018                          
26 Argenta Flats 19,000,000 10/5/2018                 1.32 1.28 62.6% 54.8% 9.0%
27 Century Town Center 18,000,000 9/5/2018                 1.80 1.65 66.1% 61.0% 11.7%
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs 17,200,000 10/9/2018                 1.87 1.68 69.2% 57.1% 12.2%
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace 16,600,000 10/10/2018                 1.49 1.47 59.6% 54.5% 9.9%
30 1400 Flat Gap Road 20,550,000 10/31/2018                 2.18 1.96 49.9% 46.1% 14.2%
31 Fair Oaks Mall 545,600,000 2/3/2018                 3.04 2.89 31.8% 29.7% 17.2%
32 Norriton Medical Center 13,400,000 9/28/2018                 2.34 2.22 64.9% 64.9% 12.2%
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney 11,300,000 05/01/2018                 1.77 1.60 69.6% 53.5% 13.4%
34 Kaden Tower 10,300,000 10/23/2018                 1.70 1.50 74.3% 64.7% 11.7%
35 Buellton Self Storage 13,400,000 9/20/2018                 2.16 2.13 56.0% 56.0% 11.0%
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights 12,900,000 1/01/2019                 1.95 1.74 58.1% 48.9% 13.6%
37 Heartland Village Apartments 9,900,000 9/27/2018                 1.50 1.40 70.1% 63.0% 10.5%
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio 9,480,000 Various                 1.38 1.35 70.7% 63.4% 9.5%
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage 5,100,000 9/26/2018                          
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road 3,270,000 10/2/2018                          
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street 1,110,000 10/2/2018                          
39 33 Dart Road 11,600,000 9/21/2018                 2.16 2.05 56.9% 56.9% 10.7%
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai 12,100,000 9/20/2018                 2.34 2.31 49.6% 49.6% 11.9%
41 225 Carolina  8,500,000 10/4/2018                 1.60 1.49 70.6% 64.0% 10.5%
42 Fairmont Crossing 9,840,000 9/24/2018                 1.66 1.57 60.0% 55.5% 11.0%
43 Infinite Self Storage 8,900,000 9/21/2018                 1.71 1.68 64.6% 64.6% 9.6%
44 Willow Ridge 10,620,000 9/6/2018                 1.94 1.80 53.5% 47.1% 12.8%
45 New London Square 7,500,000 9/26/2018                 1.91 1.78 67.7% 57.7% 12.8%
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX 6,850,000 9/10/2018                 1.57 1.56 63.5% 63.5% 8.5%
47 Paso Robles Self Storage 11,000,000 9/21/2018                 3.73 3.68 36.4% 36.4% 18.4%
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza 8,800,000 9/20/2018                 2.87 2.70 45.0% 36.8% 18.1%
49 Safeway - Port Angeles 6,500,000 9/10/2018                 1.89 1.76 53.8% 53.8% 10.1%
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road 5,580,000 9/25/2018                 1.72 1.68 55.6% 55.6% 9.6%
51 Heron Lakes Apartments 3,550,000 04/19/2018                 1.36 1.26 64.3% 49.2% 10.0%
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center 2,575,000 8/9/2018                 2.40 2.25 58.3% 52.2% 16.4%

 

A-1-5

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Cut-off Date U/W NCF Debt Yield(7)(13) U/W
Revenues ($)(6)
U/W
Expenses ($)
U/W Net Operating Income ($) U/W
Replacement ($)
U/W
TI/LC ($)(12)
U/W
Net Cash Flow ($)
Occupancy Rate(2)(8) Occupancy as-of Date U/W Hotel ADR U/W Hotel RevPAR Most Recent Period Most Recent Revenues ($)(6)
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio 8.9% 8,353,124 1,829,524 6,523,600 149,119 468,629 5,905,852 89.4% 10/31/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 8,257,666
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown 12.6% 49,212,571 27,006,315 22,206,255 1,968,503 0 20,237,752 79.8% 8/31/2018 236 189 TTM 8/31/2018 49,212,571
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio 8.4% 3,351,000 0 3,351,000 0 0 3,351,000 100.0% 12/1/2018     Actual 2017 3,351,000
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA   780,000 0 780,000 0 0 780,000 100.0% 12/1/2018     Actual 2017 780,000
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA   565,000 0 565,000 0 0 565,000 100.0% 12/1/2018     Actual 2017 565,000
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC   545,000 0 545,000 0 0 545,000 100.0% 12/1/2018     Actual 2017 545,000
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA   515,000 0 515,000 0 0 515,000 100.0% 12/1/2018     Actual 2017 515,000
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD   510,000 0 510,000 0 0 510,000 100.0% 12/1/2018     Actual 2017 510,000
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX   436,000 0 436,000 0 0 436,000 100.0% 12/1/2018     Actual 2017 436,000
4 Riverworks 9.9% 6,361,090 2,847,258 3,513,832 30,213 201,417 3,282,203 96.3% 9/27/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 5,463,154
5 1000 Windward Concourse 10.7% 5,312,875 1,746,183 3,566,691 52,124 251,425 3,263,142 96.8% 10/12/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 5,109,576
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio 10.8% 106,614,582 73,391,622 33,222,960 4,564,469 0 28,658,491 72.5% 5/31/2018 120 87 TTM 5/31/2018 94,707,559
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel   18,340,705 13,943,902 4,396,803 916,666 0 3,480,137 70.5% 5/31/2018 125 88 TTM 5/31/2018 18,340,705
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel   11,907,023 8,638,437 3,268,586 595,351 0 2,673,235 0.0% 5/31/2018 171 111 NAV NAV
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown   7,220,742 4,549,955 2,670,787 288,830 0 2,381,957 75.5% 5/31/2018 135 102 TTM 5/31/2018 7,220,742
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport   7,865,081 4,534,282 3,330,799 314,502 0 3,016,297 87.7% 5/31/2018 129 113 TTM 5/31/2018 7,865,081
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront   5,008,785 3,381,853 1,626,932 198,385 0 1,428,547 65.7% 5/31/2018 118 77 TTM 5/31/2018 5,008,785
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown   6,033,534 4,378,312 1,655,222 241,387 0 1,413,835 69.5% 5/31/2018 138 96 TTM 5/31/2018 6,033,534
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills   3,994,581 2,543,167 1,451,414 159,778 0 1,291,636 68.4% 5/31/2018 117 80 TTM 5/31/2018 3,994,581
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale   4,168,157 2,568,997 1,599,160 166,653 0 1,432,507 70.8% 5/31/2018 122 86 TTM 5/31/2018 4,168,157
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium   3,999,663 2,524,693 1,474,970 159,999 0 1,314,971 72.1% 5/31/2018 117 84 TTM 5/31/2018 3,999,663
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area   3,966,386 2,584,454 1,381,932 158,653 0 1,223,279 77.5% 5/31/2018 105 82 TTM 5/31/2018 3,966,386
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita   4,029,691 2,670,325 1,359,366 161,186 0 1,198,180 78.5% 5/31/2018 127 100 TTM 5/31/2018 4,029,691
6.12 Courtyard Norman   2,858,581 1,916,415 942,166 114,343 0 827,823 65.4% 5/31/2018 99 65 TTM 5/31/2018 2,858,581
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre   2,982,337 2,033,991 948,346 119,294 0 829,052 73.9% 5/31/2018 107 79 TTM 5/31/2018 2,982,337
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury   2,904,462 2,152,022 752,440 116,084 0 636,356 66.1% 5/31/2018 109 72 TTM 5/31/2018 2,904,462
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West   3,358,281 2,561,956 796,325 134,315 0 662,010 76.3% 5/31/2018 115 88 TTM 5/31/2018 3,358,281
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount   2,390,947 1,511,088 879,859 95,637 0 784,222 72.7% 5/31/2018 111 81 TTM 5/31/2018 2,390,947
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast   3,049,146 2,028,476 1,020,670 121,966 0 898,704 72.1% 5/31/2018 112 81 TTM 5/31/2018 3,049,146
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury   2,434,461 1,751,456 683,005 97,346 0 585,659 77.0% 5/31/2018 102 78 TTM 5/31/2018 2,434,461
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount   2,491,710 1,777,298 714,412 99,685 0 614,727 67.6% 5/31/2018 102 69 TTM 5/31/2018 2,491,710
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio   2,522,354 1,792,831 729,523 100,894 0 628,629 69.1% 5/31/2018 96 67 TTM 5/31/2018 2,522,354
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio   2,672,364 1,829,038 843,326 106,904 0 736,422 73.3% 5/31/2018 105 77 TTM 5/31/2018 2,672,364
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest   2,415,590 1,718,674 696,916 96,612 0 600,304 70.3% 5/31/2018 96 68 TTM 5/31/2018 2,415,590
7 Franklin Towne Center 12.2% 3,758,236 131,538 3,626,698 20,755 69,182 3,536,761 100.0% 12/1/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 3,505,155
8 Christiana Mall 13.6% 56,260,022 9,514,932 46,745,090 106,754 533,772 46,104,564 98.3% 5/31/2018     TTM 5/31/2018 54,029,729
9 Bella at Norcross 8.9% 3,919,238 1,432,725 2,486,513 79,500 0 2,407,013 95.6% 9/24/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 3,735,980
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road 8.7% 3,668,419 1,078,701 2,589,718 50,342 276,863 2,262,513 100.0% 11/20/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 3,480,528
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio 9.5% 3,992,373 1,074,797 2,917,576 93,590 393,399 2,430,587 92.6% 11/19/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 3,979,098
11.01 Wolf Lake   1,996,444 513,742 1,482,701 45,935 192,478 1,244,288 97.9% 11/19/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 2,076,227
11.02 Stage Hills   1,995,929 561,054 1,434,874 47,655 200,920 1,186,299 87.5% 11/19/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 1,902,871
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio 11.6% 31,435,055 6,299,432 25,135,623 104,293 521,468 24,509,864 100.0% 12/6/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 31,618,047
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard   6,943,289 1,382,801 5,560,488 26,370 131,850 5,402,268 100.0% 12/6/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 7,133,471
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive   5,060,414 953,393 4,107,021 12,438 62,192 4,032,392 100.0% 12/6/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 5,087,368
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive   4,522,473 894,539 3,627,934 15,214 76,069 3,536,651 100.0% 12/6/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 4,550,004
12.04 636 Pierce Street   4,032,195 865,060 3,167,135 10,834 54,168 3,102,133 100.0% 12/6/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 3,954,626
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle   2,929,347 649,316 2,280,031 15,250 76,252 2,188,529 100.0% 12/6/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 2,979,280
12.06 7505 Mason King Court   2,388,210 249,024 2,139,186 10,965 54,825 2,073,396 100.0% 12/6/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 2,335,365
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive   2,800,993 689,249 2,111,744 9,014 45,070 2,057,661 100.0% 12/6/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 2,821,605
12.08 444 Toyama Drive   2,758,134 616,050 2,142,084 4,208 21,042 2,116,835 100.0% 12/6/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 2,756,328
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio 9.2% 3,614,462 1,186,005 2,428,457 60,700 94,453 2,273,303 93.8% Various     TTM 9/30/2018 3,547,350
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage   1,786,225 438,726 1,347,499 32,262 0 1,315,237 98.3% 10/8/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 1,729,781
13.02 Daytona Business Park   1,041,442 437,272 604,170 19,916 94,453 489,801 85.1% 9/30/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 1,054,877
13.03 Absolute Self Storage   786,794 310,007 476,788 8,522 0 468,265 97.1% 10/8/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 762,693
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio 8.6% 4,731,872 1,312,233 3,419,639 46,871 100,122 3,272,646 100.0% Various     Annualized 6 6/30/2018 4,401,930
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park   3,803,601 1,087,039 2,716,562 37,983 79,042 2,599,538 100.0% 5/1/2018     Annualized 6 6/30/2018 3,508,272
14.02 34 Executive Drive   928,271 225,194 703,077 8,888 21,081 673,108 100.0% 7/1/2018     Annualized 6 6/30/2018 893,658
15 35 Claver Place 7.3% 1,806,615 243,195 1,563,420 11,000 0 1,552,420 97.7% 10/31/2018     NAV NAV
16 Aventura Mall 10.8% 185,479,647 30,620,668 154,858,979 243,502 3,043,770 151,571,708 92.8% 2/14/2018     TTM 3/31/2018 149,776,330
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio 8.2% 2,380,708 777,922 1,602,786 35,000 0 1,567,786 92.9% 11/02/2018     TTM 10/11/2018 2,344,290
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts   2,033,583 675,580 1,358,003 29,750 0 1,328,253 93.3% 11/02/2018     TTM 10/11/2018 2,002,823
17.02 JI Case Lofts   347,125 102,342 244,784 5,250 0 239,534 90.5% 11/02/2018     TTM 10/11/2018 341,468
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments 9.1% 2,847,677 1,159,106 1,688,571 86,000 0 1,602,571 96.5% 10/5/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 2,731,657
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments 9.3% 6,602,346 3,337,829 3,264,517 275,100 0 2,989,417 93.2% 10/3/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 6,404,672
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora   4,046,300 1,854,753 2,191,547 174,636 0 2,016,911 92.9% 10/3/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 3,915,109
19.02 Fox Club Apartments   2,556,046 1,483,076 1,072,970 100,464 0 972,506 93.8% 10/3/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 2,489,563
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio 11.8% 30,113,592 18,324,515 11,789,077 1,204,544 0 10,584,533 76.0% 5/31/2018 206 150 TTM 5/31/2018 30,066,599
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront   20,016,328 12,352,214 7,664,114 800,653 0 6,863,461 75.7% 5/31/2018 214 152 TTM 5/31/2018 19,969,335
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront   10,097,264 5,972,301 4,124,963 403,891 0 3,721,073 76.6% 5/31/2018 192 147 TTM 5/31/2018 10,097,264
21 Home Depot Technology Center 9.0% 5,857,123 1,737,924 4,119,198 69,500 66,325 3,983,373 100.0% 10/14/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 5,618,072
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland 13.3% 4,712,609 2,648,373 2,064,236 188,504 0 1,875,732 79.2% 6/30/2018 119 94 TTM 6/30/2018 4,712,609
23 The Tannery 9.7% 1,730,628 363,532 1,367,095 13,071 65,355 1,288,669 100.0% 9/8/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 1,118,714
24 Vernon Industrial  10.0% 1,709,010 363,244 1,345,765 7,365 36,825 1,301,575 100.0% 11/1/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 1,013,551
25 Liberty Portfolio 8.5% 19,169,391 4,059,580 15,109,811 161,149 818,643 14,130,018 100.0% Various     Annualized 7 7/31/2018 17,361,723
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado   16,209,889 3,419,672 12,790,217 136,481 691,036 11,962,700 100.0% 5/31/2018     Annualized 7 7/31/2018 14,474,784
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive   2,959,502 639,908 2,319,594 24,668 127,607 2,167,319 100.0% 12/1/2018     Annualized 7 7/31/2018 2,886,939
26 Argenta Flats 8.7% 1,792,253 723,886 1,068,367 32,000 0 1,036,367 97.5% 10/24/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 1,589,478
27 Century Town Center 10.6% 1,962,578 576,223 1,386,355 19,911 99,553 1,266,891 94.5% 8/17/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 1,732,853
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs 11.0% 3,675,556 2,224,507 1,451,049 147,022 0 1,304,027 73.8% 9/30/2018 128 95 TTM 9/30/2018 3,675,556
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace 9.7% 1,408,063 430,206 977,857 12,941 0 964,916 93.8% 10/1/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 1,168,725
30 1400 Flat Gap Road 12.8% 1,504,619 45,139 1,459,481 48,598 102,979 1,307,904 100.0% 12/1/2018     NAV NAV
31 Fair Oaks Mall 16.3% 45,095,362 15,187,457 29,907,905 144,930 1,364,911 28,398,064 91.6% 2/1/2018     Actual 2017 47,308,867
32 Norriton Medical Center 11.6% 1,658,480 594,965 1,063,514 14,842 39,212 1,009,460 100.0% 10/26/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 1,426,268
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney 12.0% 2,615,963 1,563,948 1,052,015 104,639 0 947,376 86.2% 8/31/2018 110 89 TTM 8/31/2018 2,782,988
34 Kaden Tower 10.3% 1,802,838 906,002 896,837 20,433 86,834 789,570 95.6% 11/1/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 1,838,361
35 Buellton Self Storage 10.8% 1,289,670 467,472 822,199 11,980 0 810,219 84.1% 10/1/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 1,289,590
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights 12.2% 2,662,480 1,644,085 1,018,395 106,499 0 911,896 84.6% 6/30/2018 120 94 TTM 6/30/2018 2,854,228
37 Heartland Village Apartments 9.8% 1,723,285 995,479 727,805 47,443 0 680,363 91.0% 10/12/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 1,639,387
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio 9.3% 1,061,145 423,764 637,381 14,426 0 622,955 88.0% Various     Various 1,003,805
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage   601,945 240,588 361,357 7,533 0 353,824 92.2% 8/9/2018     TTM 7/31/2018 529,297
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road   326,743 129,431 197,312 5,358 0 191,954 79.3% 8/8/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 344,545
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street   132,457 53,745 78,712 1,535 0 77,177 95.4% 8/8/2018     TTM 6/30/2018 129,963
39 33 Dart Road 10.2% 804,835 96,448 708,387 10,488 24,941 672,958 100.0% 12/1/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 921,288
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai 11.8% 1,128,684 412,164 716,520 9,028 0 707,492 87.2% 10/1/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 1,129,017
41 225 Carolina  9.7% 922,540 294,133 628,407 4,051 40,507 583,849 100.0% 10/10/2018     Annualized 6 6/30/2018 774,508
42 Fairmont Crossing 10.4% 958,021 308,129 649,893 4,367 33,729 611,797 93.9% 11/13/2018     TTM 10/31/2018 1,026,529
43 Infinite Self Storage 9.4% 949,462 398,701 550,761 9,460 0 541,301 86.7% 9/13/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 918,892
44 Willow Ridge 11.9% 1,581,170 852,568 728,602 52,750 0 675,852 99.1% 9/26/2018     TTM 7/31/2018 1,559,262
45 New London Square 11.9% 895,163 246,981 648,182 8,905 35,807 603,471 84.7% 10/31/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 768,841
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX 8.4% 380,611 11,418 369,193 2,964 0 366,229 100.0% 12/6/2018     NAV NAV
47 Paso Robles Self Storage 18.2% 1,037,841 300,987 736,854 9,572 0 727,282 91.1% 9/30/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 1,007,807
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza 17.0% 961,002 245,184 715,818 7,373 34,189 674,257 95.3% 11/1/2018     TTM 8/31/2018 901,989
49 Safeway - Port Angeles 9.4% 477,401 125,448 351,953 4,323 19,096 328,534 100.0% 12/1/2018     NAV NAV
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road 9.4% 376,842 79,384 297,458 836 6,272 290,350 100.0% 9/18/2018     TTM 7/31/2018 203,258
51 Heron Lakes Apartments 9.3% 428,005 199,125 228,880 16,914 0 211,967 98.1% 5/30/2018     TTM 4/30/2018 414,345
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center 15.4% 329,626 83,258 246,368 1,904 13,185 231,280 97.0% 11/7/2018     TTM 9/30/2018 381,161

 

A-1-6

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Most Recent Expenses ($) Most
Recent
NOI ($)
Most Recent Capital Expenditures Most Recent NCF ($) Most Recent Hotel ADR Most Recent Hotel RevPAR Second Most Recent Period Second Most Recent Revenues ($)(6) Second Most Recent Expenses ($) Second Most Recent NOI ($) Second Most Recent Capital Expenditures Second Most Recent NCF ($) Second Most Recent Hotel ADR Second Most Recent Hotel RevPAR
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio 1,729,424 6,528,242 0 6,528,242     Actual 2017 8,046,400 1,727,175 6,319,225 0 6,319,225    
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown 26,827,958 22,384,613 1,968,503 20,416,110 236 189 Actual 2017 48,390,462 26,813,329 21,577,133 1,935,618 19,641,515 240 191
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio 0 3,351,000 0 3,351,000     Actual 2016 3,351,000 0 3,351,000 0 3,351,000    
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA 0 780,000 0 780,000     Actual 2016 780,000 0 780,000 0 780,000    
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA 0 565,000 0 565,000     Actual 2016 565,000 0 565,000 0 565,000    
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC 0 545,000 0 545,000     Actual 2016 545,000 0 545,000 0 545,000    
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA 0 515,000 0 515,000     Actual 2016 515,000 0 515,000 0 515,000    
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD 0 510,000 0 510,000     Actual 2016 510,000 0 510,000 0 510,000    
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX 0 436,000 0 436,000     Actual 2016 436,000 0 436,000 0 436,000    
4 Riverworks 2,717,734 2,745,420 0 2,745,420     Actual 2017 5,427,630 2,711,178 2,716,452 0 2,716,452    
5 1000 Windward Concourse 1,617,544 3,492,031 0 3,492,031     Actual 2017 4,671,009 1,590,477 3,080,532 0 3,080,532    
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio 64,753,185 29,954,374 0 29,954,374 117 85 Actual 2017 93,391,528 63,914,410 29,477,118 0 29,477,118 116 84
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel 13,943,902 4,396,803 0 4,396,803 125 88 Actual 2017 18,324,277 14,008,269 4,316,008 0 4,316,008 124 89
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown 4,549,955 2,670,787 0 2,670,787 135 102 Actual 2017 7,438,018 4,521,625 2,916,393 0 2,916,393 137 105
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport 4,534,282 3,330,799 0 3,330,799 129 113 Actual 2017 7,320,304 4,414,847 2,905,457 0 2,905,457 119 105
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront 3,381,853 1,626,932 0 1,626,932 118 77 Actual 2017 4,964,644 3,364,283 1,600,361 0 1,600,361 116 77
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown 4,378,312 1,655,222 0 1,655,222 138 96 Actual 2017 5,682,298 4,194,924 1,487,374 0 1,487,374 134 90
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills 2,543,167 1,451,414 0 1,451,414 117 80 Actual 2017 3,965,649 2,522,569 1,443,080 0 1,443,080 116 79
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale 2,568,997 1,599,160 0 1,599,160 122 86 Actual 2017 4,327,833 2,479,540 1,848,293 0 1,848,293 126 90
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium 2,524,693 1,474,970 0 1,474,970 117 84 Actual 2017 3,982,719 2,509,991 1,472,728 0 1,472,728 120 84
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area 2,584,454 1,381,932 0 1,381,932 105 82 Actual 2017 3,853,245 2,524,729 1,328,516 0 1,328,516 104 79
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita 2,670,325 1,359,366 0 1,359,366 127 100 Actual 2017 3,868,305 2,629,420 1,238,885 0 1,238,885 127 96
6.12 Courtyard Norman 1,916,415 942,166 0 942,166 99 65 Actual 2017 2,740,942 1,836,858 904,084 0 904,084 100 63
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre 2,033,991 948,346 0 948,346 107 79 Actual 2017 2,933,685 2,016,030 917,655 0 917,655 106 78
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury 2,152,022 752,440 0 752,440 109 72 Actual 2017 2,869,168 2,105,336 763,832 0 763,832 108 71
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West 2,561,956 796,325 0 796,325 115 88 Actual 2017 3,240,355 2,554,929 685,426 0 685,426 115 84
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount 1,511,088 879,859 0 879,859 111 81 Actual 2017 2,344,882 1,468,042 876,840 0 876,840 111 80
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast 2,028,476 1,020,670 0 1,020,670 112 81 Actual 2017 3,064,633 2,060,936 1,003,697 0 1,003,697 113 81
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury 1,751,456 683,005 0 683,005 102 78 Actual 2017 2,220,654 1,600,092 620,562 0 620,562 99 71
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount 1,777,298 714,412 0 714,412 102 69 Actual 2017 2,580,825 1,778,097 802,728 0 802,728 101 72
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio 1,792,831 729,523 0 729,523 96 67 Actual 2017 2,443,748 1,764,615 679,133 0 679,133 95 65
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio 1,829,038 843,326 0 843,326 105 77 Actual 2017 2,768,127 1,823,182 944,945 0 944,945 106 80
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest 1,718,674 696,916 0 696,916 96 68 Actual 2017 2,457,218 1,736,096 721,122 0 721,122 97 69
7 Franklin Towne Center 105,155 3,400,000 0 3,400,000     Actual 2017 3,311,856 99,356 3,212,500 0 3,212,500    
8 Christiana Mall 10,479,303 43,550,426 0 43,550,426     Actual 2017 54,058,534 10,544,365 43,514,169 0 43,514,169    
9 Bella at Norcross 1,232,083 2,503,897 79,500 2,424,397     TTM 5/31/2017 3,406,655 1,757,451 1,649,204 79,500 1,569,704    
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road 1,055,931 2,424,597 0 2,424,597     Actual 2017 2,484,049 907,579 1,576,469 490 1,575,979    
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio 1,167,155 2,811,943 0 2,811,943     Actual 2017 3,867,554 1,130,186 2,737,368 0 2,737,368    
11.01 Wolf Lake 565,482 1,510,746 0 1,510,746     Actual 2017 2,020,027 558,440 1,461,587 0 1,461,587    
11.02 Stage Hills 601,674 1,301,197 0 1,301,197     Actual 2017 1,847,527 571,745 1,275,782 0 1,275,782    
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio 5,756,343 25,861,704 0 25,861,704     Actual 2017 31,009,062 5,520,559 25,488,503 0 25,488,503    
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard 1,366,005 5,767,466 0 5,767,466     Actual 2017 6,936,540 1,235,967 5,700,573 0 5,700,573    
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive 855,023 4,232,345 0 4,232,345     Actual 2017 5,023,568 838,094 4,185,474 0 4,185,474    
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive 813,688 3,736,316 0 3,736,316     Actual 2017 4,416,237 756,573 3,659,664 0 3,659,664    
12.04 636 Pierce Street 720,623 3,234,003 0 3,234,003     Actual 2017 3,907,712 717,877 3,189,835 0 3,189,835    
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle 605,132 2,374,148 0 2,374,148     Actual 2017 2,940,978 596,338 2,344,640 0 2,344,640    
12.06 7505 Mason King Court 200,310 2,135,055 0 2,135,055     Actual 2017 2,286,124 191,666 2,094,458 0 2,094,458    
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive 632,909 2,188,696 0 2,188,696     Actual 2017 2,781,102 631,647 2,149,455 0 2,149,455    
12.08 444 Toyama Drive 562,653 2,193,675 0 2,193,675     Actual 2017 2,716,801 552,397 2,164,404 0 2,164,404    
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio 1,063,495 2,483,855 3,000 2,480,855     Actual 2017 3,487,786 1,047,015 2,440,771 42,622 2,398,150    
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage 419,744 1,310,037 0 1,310,037     Actual 2017 1,662,366 413,827 1,248,539 0 1,248,539    
13.02 Daytona Business Park 352,671 702,206 3,000 699,206     Actual 2017 1,127,192 314,970 812,222 42,622 769,601    
13.03 Absolute Self Storage 291,080 471,612 0 471,612     Actual 2017 698,228 318,218 380,010 0 380,010    
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio 728,408 3,673,522 0 3,673,522     Actual 2017 4,247,225 642,189 3,605,036 0 3,605,036    
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park 548,106 2,960,166 0 2,960,166     Actual 2017 3,407,647 485,240 2,922,407 0 2,922,407    
14.02 34 Executive Drive 180,302 713,356 0 713,356     Actual 2017 839,578 156,948 682,630 0 682,630    
15 35 Claver Place NAV NAV NAV NAV     NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV    
16 Aventura Mall 31,484,933 118,291,397 0 118,291,397     Actual 2017 145,286,882 30,046,320 115,240,562 0 115,240,562    
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio 579,374 1,764,916 0 1,764,916     Actual 2017 2,367,293 595,599 1,771,694 0 1,771,694    
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts 463,633 1,539,190 0 1,539,190     Actual 2017 2,014,670 493,320 1,521,350 0 1,521,350    
17.02 JI Case Lofts 115,741 225,727 0 225,727     Actual 2017 352,622 102,279 250,343 0 250,343    
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments 1,244,123 1,487,533 0 1,487,533     Actual 2017 2,829,004 1,255,147 1,573,856 0 1,573,856    
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments 3,478,515 2,926,157 0 2,926,157     Actual 2017 6,362,803 3,313,549 3,049,254 0 3,049,254    
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora 1,941,749 1,973,360 0 1,973,360     Actual 2017 3,996,085 1,851,816 2,144,269 0 2,144,269    
19.02 Fox Club Apartments 1,536,766 952,797 0 952,797     Actual 2017 2,366,718 1,461,733 904,985 0 904,985    
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio 18,225,519 11,841,080 0 11,841,080 206 157 Actual 2017 30,917,483 18,407,936 12,509,547 0 12,509,547 205 155
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront 12,352,327 7,617,008 0 7,617,008 214 162 Actual 2017 20,662,681 12,488,938 8,173,743 0 8,173,743 212 159
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront 5,873,192 4,224,072 0 4,224,072 192 147 Actual 2017 10,254,802 5,918,998 4,335,804 0 4,335,804 192 150
21 Home Depot Technology Center 1,709,507 3,908,565 0 3,908,565     Actual 2017 4,467,959 1,582,192 2,885,767 0 2,885,767    
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland 2,680,427 2,032,182 0 2,032,182 119 94 Actual 2017 4,482,965 2,644,549 1,838,416 0 1,838,416 114 89
23 The Tannery 345,213 773,501 0 773,501     Actual 2017 850,945 314,470 536,475 0 536,475    
24 Vernon Industrial  277,110 736,441 0 736,441     Actual 2017 1,001,957 277,810 724,147 0 724,147    
25 Liberty Portfolio 2,858,899 14,502,825 0 14,502,825     Actual 2017 10,833,560 2,085,330 8,748,230 0 8,748,230    
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado 2,355,223 12,119,561 0 12,119,561     Actual 2017 7,965,235 1,571,541 6,393,694 0 6,393,694    
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive 503,676 2,383,263 0 2,383,263     Actual 2017 2,868,325 513,789 2,354,536 0 2,354,536    
26 Argenta Flats 746,047 843,432 32,000 811,432     Actual 2017 1,224,938 641,776 583,163 32,000 551,163    
27 Century Town Center 459,049 1,273,804 0 1,273,804     Actual 2017 1,678,081 464,312 1,213,770 0 1,213,770    
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs 2,181,920 1,493,636 0 1,493,636 128 95 Actual 2017 3,492,879 2,074,553 1,418,326 0 1,418,326 129 90
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace 358,526 810,199 0 810,199     Actual 2017 1,211,756 365,065 846,691 0 846,691    
30 1400 Flat Gap Road NAV NAV NAV NAV     NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV    
31 Fair Oaks Mall 15,012,540 32,296,326 0 32,296,326     Actual 2016 50,381,051 15,478,478 34,902,573 0 34,902,573    
32 Norriton Medical Center 631,919 794,349 0 794,349     Actual 2017 1,297,718 585,929 711,789 0 711,789    
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney 1,587,636 1,195,352 0 1,195,352 110 95 Actual 2017 2,724,218 1,548,771 1,175,447 0 1,175,447 109 93
34 Kaden Tower 935,588 902,774 0 902,774     Actual 2017 1,601,509 906,533 694,976 0 694,976    
35 Buellton Self Storage 475,481 814,109 0 814,109     Actual 2017 1,226,772 457,582 769,190 0 769,190    
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights 1,725,638 1,128,590 0 1,128,590 120 101 Actual 2017 2,781,250 1,635,295 1,145,955 0 1,145,955 120 99
37 Heartland Village Apartments 1,041,841 597,546 0 597,546     Actual 2017 1,667,342 989,485 677,857 0 677,857    
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio 438,018 565,787 0 565,787     Actual 2017 1,001,526 455,646 545,880 0 545,880    
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage 282,254 247,043 0 247,043     Actual 2017 517,500 280,779 236,721 0 236,721    
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road 102,972 241,573 0 241,573     Actual 2017 351,865 122,325 229,540 0 229,540    
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street 52,792 77,171 0 77,171     Actual 2017 132,161 52,542 79,619 0 79,619    
39 33 Dart Road 0 921,288 0 921,288     Actual 2017 921,288 0 921,288 0 921,288    
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai 425,846 703,171 0 703,171     Actual 2017 1,074,687 390,765 683,922 0 683,922    
41 225 Carolina  234,941 539,567 0 539,567     Actual 2017 316,377 172,017 144,360 0 144,360    
42 Fairmont Crossing 322,454 704,075 0 704,075     Actual 2017 1,025,248 340,100 685,148 0 685,148    
43 Infinite Self Storage 445,465 473,427 0 473,427     Actual 2017 796,614 402,828 393,786 0 393,786    
44 Willow Ridge 821,320 737,942 0 737,942                    
45 New London Square 245,123 523,718 0 523,718     Actual 2017 691,071 212,358 478,713 0 478,713    
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX NAV NAV NAV NAV     NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV    
47 Paso Robles Self Storage 339,827 667,981 0 667,981     Actual 2017 990,882 330,722 660,160 0 660,160    
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza 220,483 681,506 0 681,506     Actual 2017 756,477 182,749 573,729 0 573,729    
49 Safeway - Port Angeles NAV NAV NAV NAV     NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV    
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road 60,539 142,719 0 142,719     Actual 2017 235,346 54,529 180,817 0 180,817    
51 Heron Lakes Apartments 197,361 216,984 0 216,984     Actual 2017 404,910 199,425 205,485 0 205,485    
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center 83,734 297,427 0 297,427     Actual 2017 362,220 94,043 268,177 0 268,177    

 

A-1-7

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Third Most Recent Period Third Most Recent Revenues ($)(6) Third Most Recent Expenses ($) Third Most Recent NOI ($) Third Most Recent Capital Expenditures Third Most Recent NCF ($) Third Most Recent Hotel ADR Third Most Recent Hotel RevPAR Master Lease (Y/N) Largest Tenant Name(9)(10)(16) Largest Tenant Sq. Ft. Largest
Tenant
% of NRA
Largest Tenant Exp. Date
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio Actual 2016 7,695,244 1,734,977 5,960,266 0 5,960,266     N Ezone 2.0 LLC 21,881 2.9% 6/30/2021
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Actual 2016 45,349,337 25,408,909 19,940,428 1,813,973 18,126,455 241 188 N        
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Walgreens Various Various Various
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Walgreens 14,469 100.0% 10/31/2083
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Walgreens 14,110 100.0% 3/31/2095
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Walgreens 14,550 100.0% 11/30/2083
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Walgreens 14,550 100.0% 1/31/2085
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Walgreens 14,550 100.0% 4/30/2085
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Walgreens 14,820 100.0% 4/30/2084
4 Riverworks Actual 2016 5,462,471 3,119,070 2,343,400 0 2,343,400     N Mimecast North America, Inc. 44,170 21.9% 10/15/2020
5 1000 Windward Concourse Actual 2016 3,870,434 1,572,757 2,297,677 0 2,297,677     N The Travelers Indemnity Company 140,255 55.8% 8/31/2022
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio Actual 2016 92,515,295 63,143,112 29,372,183 0 29,372,183 115 82 N        
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel Actual 2016 17,795,311 13,634,768 4,160,543 0 4,160,543 121 81 N        
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV N        
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown Actual 2016 7,532,220 4,424,445 3,107,775 0 3,107,775 133 105 N        
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport Actual 2016 6,462,287 4,120,824 2,341,463 0 2,341,463 109 92 N        
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront Actual 2016 5,201,110 3,558,484 1,642,626 0 1,642,626 112 81 N        
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown Actual 2016 5,558,141 4,326,533 1,231,608 0 1,231,608 137 88 N        
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills Actual 2016 3,910,722 2,480,037 1,430,685 0 1,430,685 116 77 N        
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale Actual 2016 4,258,536 2,486,367 1,772,169 0 1,772,169 124 87 N        
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium Actual 2016 4,095,374 2,614,133 1,481,241 0 1,481,241 126 85 N        
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area Actual 2016 3,995,717 2,449,666 1,546,051 0 1,546,051 106 82 N        
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita Actual 2016 3,896,365 2,675,029 1,221,336 0 1,221,336 128 96 N        
6.12 Courtyard Norman Actual 2016 2,608,716 1,710,744 897,972 0 897,972 104 59 N        
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre Actual 2016 2,718,138 1,876,615 841,523 0 841,523 103 72 N        
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury Actual 2016 3,148,273 2,174,763 973,510 0 973,510 107 78 N        
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West Actual 2016 3,095,156 2,459,925 635,231 0 635,231 117 80 N        
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount Actual 2016 2,062,299 1,400,544 661,755 0 661,755 95 69 N        
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast Actual 2016 3,150,231 2,121,669 1,028,562 0 1,028,562 108 83 N        
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury Actual 2016 2,592,288 1,607,398 984,890 0 984,890 99 83 N        
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount Actual 2016 2,520,678 1,751,839 768,839 0 768,839 102 69 N        
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio Actual 2016 2,443,042 1,734,798 708,244 0 708,244 99 64 N        
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio Actual 2016 2,886,410 1,766,942 1,119,468 0 1,119,468 113 82 N        
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest Actual 2016 2,584,279 1,767,585 816,694 0 816,694 97 72 N        
7 Franklin Towne Center Actual 2016 3,216,495 96,495 3,120,000 0 3,120,000     Y Stop & Shop 138,364 100.0% 10/31/2030
8 Christiana Mall Actual 2016 54,140,474 10,182,915 43,957,559 0 43,957,559     N Target (Ground Lease) 145,312 18.7% 12/31/2036
9 Bella at Norcross Actual 2016 3,276,883 1,776,009 1,500,874 79,500 1,421,374     N        
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road Actual 2016 3,741,425 848,571 2,892,855 2,514 2,890,341     N Q Squared Solutions LLC 138,981 55.2% 9/30/2023
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio Actual 2016 3,608,667 961,655 2,647,011 0 2,647,011     Y Various Various Various Various
11.01 Wolf Lake Actual 2016 1,997,484 457,496 1,539,988 0 1,539,988     Y Enteroptyx 36,000 15.7% 6/30/2022
11.02 Stage Hills Actual 2016 1,611,183 504,159 1,107,024 0 1,107,024     Y Surface Dynamics, LLC 19,440 8.2% 8/31/2021
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Actual 2016 30,153,975 5,218,019 24,935,956 0 24,935,956     N Various Various Various Various
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard Actual 2016 6,532,263 986,583 5,545,680 0 5,545,680     N Cyxtera 263,700 100.0% 2/2/2022
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive Actual 2016 4,899,745 814,002 4,085,743 0 4,085,743     N Cyxtera 124,383 100.0% 4/30/2027
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive Actual 2016 4,386,733 791,276 3,595,457 0 3,595,457     N VADATA, Inc. 152,138 100.0% 5/31/2021
12.04 636 Pierce Street Actual 2016 3,907,838 717,838 3,190,000 0 3,190,000     N The Bank of New York Mellon 108,336 100.0% 4/30/2023
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle Actual 2016 2,847,924 575,933 2,271,991 0 2,271,991     N Equinix, LLC 152,504 100.0% 12/31/2023
12.06 7505 Mason King Court Actual 2016 2,226,277 184,424 2,041,853 0 2,041,853     N VADATA, Inc. 109,650 100.0% 12/31/2023
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive Actual 2016 2,706,656 606,707 2,099,949 0 2,099,949     N Cyxtera 90,139 100.0% 4/30/2027
12.08 444 Toyama Drive Actual 2016 2,646,539 541,256 2,105,283 0 2,105,283     N Equinix, LLC 42,083 100.0% 7/31/2022
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio Actual 2016 3,323,180 1,063,925 2,259,255 36,060 2,223,196     N Various Various Various Various
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage Actual 2016 1,602,295 413,797 1,188,497 0 1,188,497     N        
13.02 Daytona Business Park Actual 2016 1,094,023 344,239 749,784 36,060 713,724     N County of Riverside 55,625 27.9% 6/11/2019
13.03 Absolute Self Storage Actual 2016 626,863 305,888 320,974 0 320,974     N        
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio Actual 2016 4,399,675 742,938 3,656,737 0 3,656,737     N Various Various Various Various
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park Actual 2016 3,538,471 563,715 2,974,756 0 2,974,756     N Entegris/ATMI  72,710 19.1% 12/31/2021
14.02 34 Executive Drive Actual 2016 861,204 179,223 681,981 0 681,981     N R.K. Manufacturing Company 67,550 76.0% 11/30/2029
15 35 Claver Place NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N        
16 Aventura Mall Actual 2016 139,956,585 29,303,182 110,653,403 0 110,653,403     Y JCPenney 193,759 15.9% 4/30/2023
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio Actual 2016 2,148,400 553,646 1,594,754 0 1,594,754     N        
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts Actual 2016 1,846,058 471,236 1,374,822 0 1,374,822     N        
17.02 JI Case Lofts Actual 2016 302,342 82,410 219,932 0 219,932     N        
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments Actual 2016 2,785,650 1,255,892 1,529,758 0 1,529,758     N        
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Actual 2016 6,107,911 3,293,109 2,814,802 0 2,814,802     N        
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora Actual 2016 3,830,538 1,943,685 1,886,853 0 1,886,853     N        
19.02 Fox Club Apartments Actual 2016 2,277,373 1,349,424 927,949 0 927,949     N        
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Actual 2016 31,038,981 18,754,354 12,284,627 0 12,284,627 207 147 N        
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront Actual 2016 20,777,960 12,950,847 7,827,113 0 7,827,113 215 154 N        
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront Actual 2016 10,261,021 5,803,508 4,457,513 0 4,457,513 192 136 N        
21 Home Depot Technology Center Actual 2016 2,478,395 1,491,128 987,268 0 987,268     N Home Depot 310,669 89.4% 7/31/2029
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland Actual 2016 3,894,012 2,405,086 1,488,926 0 1,488,926 107 77 N        
23 The Tannery NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Red Nucleus Solutions, LLC 22,917 35.1% 2/28/2026
24 Vernon Industrial  Actual 2016 955,308 260,494 694,814 0 694,814     N Volume Distributors, Inc. 82,978 56.3% 11/1/2038
25 Liberty Portfolio Actual 2016 8,906,536 1,704,875 7,201,661 0 7,201,661     N Various Various Various Various
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado Actual 2016 5,306,641 1,191,393 4,115,248 0 4,115,248     N Centene Management Company, LLC 352,988 51.7% 1/22/2028
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive Actual 2016 3,599,895 513,482 3,086,413 0 3,086,413     N The Vanguard Group, Inc. 123,340 100.0% 7/31/2026
26 Argenta Flats NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N        
27 Century Town Center Actual 2016 1,695,954 483,448 1,212,506 0 1,212,506     N Marshalls/HomeGoods 52,000 52.2% 8/31/2023
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV N        
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace Actual 2016 1,443,427 373,236 1,070,190 0 1,070,190     N Home Goods 20,000 30.9% 8/31/2028
30 1400 Flat Gap Road NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Oshkosh Manufacturing 485,977 100.0% 9/30/2025
31 Fair Oaks Mall Actual 2015 49,139,554 14,789,192 34,350,362 0 34,350,362     N Macy’s 215,000 27.6% 2/1/2026
32 Norriton Medical Center Actual 2016 1,405,066 609,653 795,413 0 795,413     N IOA RE 11,249 15.2% 5/31/2021
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney Actual 2016 2,430,994 1,455,712 975,282 0 975,282 105 83 N        
34 Kaden Tower Actual 2016 1,586,831 832,969 753,862 0 753,862     N PharmaCord, LLC 19,887 22.9% 6/30/2022
35 Buellton Self Storage Actual 2016 1,144,990 443,618 701,372 0 701,372     N        
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights Actual 2016 2,719,417 1,659,019 1,060,398 0 1,060,398 119 93 N        
37 Heartland Village Apartments NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N        
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio Various 1,057,956 415,096 642,860 0 642,860     N        
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage Actual 2016 581,532 267,421 314,111 0 314,111     N        
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road Annualized 4 12/31/2016 332,766 100,985 231,781 0 231,781     N        
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street Annualized 4 12/31/2016 143,658 46,690 96,968 0 96,968     N        
39 33 Dart Road Actual 2016 921,288 0 921,288 0 921,288     N Cargill Meat Solutions Corporation 104,880 100.0% 5/31/2029
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai Actual 2016 1,031,565 368,281 663,284 0 663,284     N        
41 225 Carolina  Actual 2016 228,680 156,021 72,659 0 72,659     N Lifespan Corp 25,985 64.1% 4/30/2026
42 Fairmont Crossing Actual 2016 906,224 250,002 656,221 0 656,221     N Neighborhood Emergency Center 7,070 24.3% 5/31/2023
43 Infinite Self Storage Actual 2016 769,863 438,165 331,698 0 331,698     N        
44 Willow Ridge                 N        
45 New London Square Actual 2016 768,927 187,795 581,132 0 581,132     N Marietta Antique Mall 30,000 33.7% 3/31/2024
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Walgreens Co 14,820 100.0% 1/31/2087
47 Paso Robles Self Storage Actual 2016 952,357 302,523 649,834 0 649,834     N        
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza Actual 2016 476,319 173,130 303,189 0 303,189     N Ross Dress for Less DBA - DD’s Discounts 19,137 26.0% 1/31/2028
49 Safeway - Port Angeles NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N Safeway 43,228 100.0% 10/31/2037
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road Actual 2016 256,956 58,403 198,553 0 198,553     N Bliss Nail Lounge 2,595 31.0% 9/30/2025
51 Heron Lakes Apartments NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV NAV     N        
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center Actual 2016 378,271 91,643 286,629 0 286,629     N Rochester Road Ventures LLC 4,025 21.1% 5/31/2021

 

A-1-8

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name 2nd Largest Tenant Name(9)(10) 2nd Largest Tenant Sq. Ft. 2nd Largest
Tenant
% of NRA
2nd Largest Tenant Exp. Date 3rd Largest Tenant Name(8)(9)(10) 3rd Largest Tenant Sq. Ft. 3rd Largest
Tenant
% of NRA
3rd Largest Tenant Exp. Date 4th Largest Tenant Name(8)(9)(10) 4th Largest Tenant Sq. Ft.
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio Giovanni & Sons 20,846 2.8% 9/30/2019 Purchase One Corp 19,950 2.7% 2/29/2020 A.R. Express LLC 12,700
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown                    
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio                    
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA                    
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA                    
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC                    
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA                    
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD                    
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX                    
4 Riverworks New England Research Institutes 33,657 16.7% 7/31/2021 Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 20,240 10.0% 4/30/2025 NormaTec Industries, LP 16,969
5 1000 Windward Concourse   Kinder Morgan, Inc. 44,141 17.6% 12/31/2025   Agilysys, Inc. 33,719 13.4% 5/31/2021 Agile Resources Inc 7,220
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio                    
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel                    
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel                    
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown                    
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport                    
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront                    
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown                    
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills                    
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale                    
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium                    
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area                    
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita                    
6.12 Courtyard Norman                    
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre                    
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury                    
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West                    
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount                    
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast                    
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury                    
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount                    
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio                    
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio                    
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest                    
7 Franklin Towne Center                    
8 Christiana Mall Cabela’s (Ground Lease) 100,000 12.8% 1/31/2035 Cinemark 50,643 6.5% 11/30/2029 Barnes & Noble Bookseller 36,803
9 Bella at Norcross                    
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road First Data Corporation 112,729 44.8% 8/31/2023            
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various
11.01 Wolf Lake Experitec 31,320 13.6% 4/30/2024 Crown Manufacturing 29,160 12.7% 2/28/2020 ADT 13,500
11.02 Stage Hills Southern Fastening Systems, Inc 12,960 5.4% 10/31/2020 IBA Dosimetry America 12,600 5.3% 6/30/2021 Behind the Scenes 12,500
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio                    
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard                    
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive                    
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive                    
12.04 636 Pierce Street                    
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle                    
12.06 7505 Mason King Court                    
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive                    
12.08 444 Toyama Drive                    
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage                    
13.02 Daytona Business Park Axiom Trading International, Inc. 38,473 19.3% 5/31/2021 SoCal Custom Rigs, LLC 10,170 5.1% 4/30/2019 GHH Ministries 8,000
13.03 Absolute Self Storage                    
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park Lorad/Hologic 60,000 15.8% 12/31/2021 Amphenol 45,750 12.0% 8/31/2023 Kimchuk 24,255
14.02 34 Executive Drive Stever Enterprises, Inc. 11,480 12.9% 2/28/2023 Cierant Corporation 9,852 11.1% 3/31/2023    
15 35 Claver Place                    
16 Aventura Mall AMC Theatres 78,738 6.5% 8/31/2023 Zara 34,454 2.8% 10/31/2029 XXI Forever 32,504
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio                    
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts                    
17.02 JI Case Lofts                    
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments                    
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments                    
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora                    
19.02 Fox Club Apartments                    
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio                    
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront                    
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront                    
21 Home Depot Technology Center Underwriters Laboratories, LLC 36,829 10.6% 8/31/2029            
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland                    
23 The Tannery ICON Clinical Research, LLC 12,923 19.8% 9/30/2027 GR8 People, Inc. 10,476 16.0% 4/30/2026 Vault Brewing Company 8,345
24 Vernon Industrial  Jam’n Products 64,322 43.7% 4/30/2021            
25 Liberty Portfolio Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various Various
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado DHL Express (USA), Inc. 117,593 17.2% 2/28/2023 WageWorks, Inc. 76,162 11.2% 12/31/2021 Carvana, LLC 69,774
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive                    
26 Argenta Flats                    
27 Century Town Center Petco 15,000 15.1% 1/31/2024 Jo-Ann 11,048 11.1% 1/31/2023 Davita Dialysis 5,347
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs                    
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace Petco 15,257 23.6% 9/30/2022 Dollar Tree 9,160 14.2% 6/30/2020 Anytime Fitness  6,840
30 1400 Flat Gap Road                    
31 Fair Oaks Mall XXI Forever 51,317 6.6% 1/31/2022 H&M 20,265 2.6% 1/31/2029 Express 12,278
32 Norriton Medical Center Eistein Orthopaedic Associates 7,058 9.5% 3/31/2020 Mission Kids (Child Advocacy Center) 5,988 8.1% 5/31/2025 Laurel House 5,429
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney                    
34 Kaden Tower My Kentucky Home, LLC 13,789 15.9% 12/31/2021 RCSH Operations, LLC 9,500 10.9% 2/28/2023 Kaden Management Co., Inc. 8,542
35 Buellton Self Storage                    
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights                    
37 Heartland Village Apartments                    
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio                    
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage                    
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road                    
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street                    
39 33 Dart Road                    
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai                    
41 225 Carolina  Semma Therapeutics 14,522 35.9% 12/31/2022            
42 Fairmont Crossing ReMax (Benoit Investments) 5,500 18.9% 1/31/2021 TnT Hair Concept Salon 3,000 10.3% 6/30/2021 Southern Dental 2,400
43 Infinite Self Storage                    
44 Willow Ridge                    
45 New London Square Life Grocery 10,605 11.9% 4/30/2022 Furkids, Inc. 8,800 9.9% 4/30/2023 Harold’s Chicken & Ice 6,000
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX                    
47 Paso Robles Self Storage                    
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza Palacio Real 15,435 20.9% 10/12/2025 Magic Smiles 10,000 13.6% 8/31/2026 Family Dollar 9,600
49 Safeway - Port Angeles                    
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road Lakewood Pediatrics 2,265 27.1% 1/31/2026 Scalini’s Pizza 2,002 23.9% 3/31/2020 The Heights 1,500
51 Heron Lakes Apartments                    
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center Dojo Zen Bei Martial Arts, LLC 2,088 11.0% 10/31/2019 Asian Healthy Living LLC 1,387 7.3% 5/31/2021 Michael Azoury and Vihang Inc 1,327

 

A-1-9

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name 4th Largest
Tenant
% of NRA
4th Largest Tenant Exp. Date 5th Largest Tenant Name(8)(9)(10) 5th Largest Tenant Sq. Ft. 5th Largest
Tenant
% of NRA
5th Largest Tenant Exp. Date Engineering Report Date Environmental Report Date (Phase I) Environmental Report Date (Phase II) Seismic Report Date Seismic PML % Seismic Insurance Required  (Y/N) Terrorism Insurance (Y/N) Loan Purpose
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio 1.7% 9/30/2021 Pool Designs by Laly, LLC 10,250 1.4% 8/31/2020 10/23/2018 10/24/2018       N Y Refinance
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown             9/25/2018 9/25/2018       N Y Refinance
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio             Various Various       N Y Refinance/Acquisition
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA             10/22/2018 10/24/2018       N Y  
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA             10/22/2018 10/24/2018       N Y  
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC             10/22/2018 10/24/2018       N Y  
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA             10/22/2018 10/24/2018       N Y  
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD             10/22/2018 10/24/2018       N Y  
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX             12/11/2017 12/8/2017       N Y  
4 Riverworks 8.4% 12/31/2023 SAI Global 14,230 7.1% 6/30/2024 9/26/2018 9/27/2018       N Y Acquisition
5 1000 Windward Concourse 2.9% 2/28/2019 Infinitel Group, Inc. (Café) 7,162 2.8% 9/30/2022 8/15/2018 8/15/2018       N Y Acquisition
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio             7/10/2018 Various       N Y Refinance
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel             7/10/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale             7/10/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium             7/10/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area             7/10/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.12 Courtyard Norman             7/10/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre             7/10/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West             7/10/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio             7/10/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio             7/10/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest             7/10/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
7 Franklin Towne Center             10/16/2018 10/1/2018       N Y Refinance
8 Christiana Mall 4.7% 1/31/2020 XXI Forever 27,300 3.5% 1/31/2020 6/11/2018 6/11/2018       N Y Refinance
9 Bella at Norcross             10/24/2018 10/26/2018       N Y Refinance
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road             11/06/2018 10/24/2018       N Y Refinance
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio Various Various Various Various Various Various Various 10/19/2018   10/19/2018 15.0% N Y Refinance
11.01 Wolf Lake 5.9% 6/30/2025 OfficeScapes 12,150 5.3% 10/31/2021 10/18/2018 10/19/2018   10/19/2018 15.0% N Y  
11.02 Stage Hills 5.2% 2/28/2022 Kenad SG Medical, Inc. 9,810 4.1% 8/31/2026 10/19/2018 10/19/2018   10/19/2018 15.0% N Y  
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio             Various Various   Various Various N Y Refinance
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard             7/18/2018 7/18/2018       N Y  
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive             7/24/2018 7/20/2018   7/12/2018 12.0% N Y  
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive             7/19/2018 7/17/2018       N Y  
12.04 636 Pierce Street             7/25/2018 7/20/2018       N Y  
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle             7/17/2018 7/17/2018       N Y  
12.06 7505 Mason King Court             7/20/2018 7/17/2018       N Y  
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive             7/25/2018 7/23/2018   7/12/2018 12.0% N Y  
12.08 444 Toyama Drive             7/24/2018 7/24/2018   7/12/2018 12.0% N Y  
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio Various Various Various Various Various Various 10/19/2018 Various   Various Various N Y Recapitalization
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage             10/19/2018 10/19/2018   10/19/2018 15.0% N Y  
13.02 Daytona Business Park 4.0% 10/14/2022 Swedish Speed, Inc 6,000 3.0% 4/30/2019 10/19/2018 10/22/2018   10/18/2018 15.0% N Y  
13.03 Absolute Self Storage             10/19/2018 10/19/2018   10/18/2018 14.0% N Y  
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio Various Various Various Various Various Various 8/8/2018 8/8/2018       N Y Refinance
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park 6.4% 1/31/2019 GAR/Electr 23,400 6.2% 3/31/2024 8/8/2018 8/8/2018       N Y  
14.02 34 Executive Drive             8/8/2018 8/8/2018       N Y  
15 35 Claver Place             9/10/2018 09/10/2018       N Y Refinance
16 Aventura Mall 2.7% 1/31/2019 H&M 28,830 2.4% 1/31/2027 4/27/2018 4/27/2018       N Y Refinance
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio             10/06/2017 10/06/2017       N Y Refinance
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts             10/06/2017 10/06/2017       N Y  
17.02 JI Case Lofts             10/06/2017 10/06/2017       N Y  
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments             9/10/2018 9/11/2018       N Y Acquisition
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments             Various Various       N Y Refinance
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora             7/11/2018 7/9/2018       N Y  
19.02 Fox Club Apartments             7/11/2018 7/10/2018       N Y  
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio             6/21/2018 6/21/2018       N Y Acquisition
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront             6/21/2018 6/21/2018       N Y  
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront             6/21/2018 6/21/2018       N Y  
21 Home Depot Technology Center             5/17/2018 9/27/2018       N Y Acquisition
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland             8/15/2018 8/16/2018       N Y Refinance
23 The Tannery 12.8% 6/30/2026 Decision Resources, Inc. 7,280 11.1% 11/30/2025 8/3/2018 8/3/2018       N Y Refinance
24 Vernon Industrial              10/15/2018 10/16/2018   10/15/2018 14.0% N Y Refinance
25 Liberty Portfolio Various Various Various Various Various Various 7/12/2018 7/23/2018       N Y Acquisition
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado 10.2% 2/29/2024 DriveTime Automotive Group, Inc. 65,889 9.7% 2/29/2024 7/12/2018 7/23/2018       N Y  
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive             7/12/2018 7/23/2018       N Y  
26 Argenta Flats             10/16/2018 10/16/2018       N Y Refinance
27 Century Town Center 5.4% 11/5/2028 Fujiyama Japanese Steakhouse 5,340 5.4% 8/31/2028 10/4/2018 10/4/2018       N Y Acquisition
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs             10/12/2018 10/10/2018       N Y Refinance
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace 10.6% 12/31/2028 TCC Wireless LLC 2,500 3.9% 12/31/2028 10/12/2018 10/16/2018       N Y Refinance
30 1400 Flat Gap Road             10/19/2018 10/22/2018       N Y Refinance
31 Fair Oaks Mall 1.6% 1/31/2024 Victoria’s Secret 12,170 1.6% 1/31/2026 2/9/2018 2/8/2018       N Y Refinance
32 Norriton Medical Center 7.3% 2/28/2025 Life Path, Inc. 4,734 6.4% 4/30/2020 9/26/2018 9/26/2018       N Y Acquisition
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney             5/08/2018 5/9/2018       N Y Acquisition
34 Kaden Tower 9.8% 9/30/2023 Kiely, Hines and Associates Insurance Agency, Inc. 6,629 7.6% 7/31/2025 10/25/2018 10/25/2018       N Y Acquisition
35 Buellton Self Storage             9/25/2018 9/25/2018   9/25/2018 10.0% N Y Refinance
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights             12/26/2017 12/28/2017       N Y Refinance
37 Heartland Village Apartments             10/5/2018 10/9/2018       N Y Acquisition
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio             Various Various       N Y Acquisition
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage             9/5/2018 9/5/2018       N Y  
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road             10/4/2018 10/4/2018       N Y  
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street             10/5/2018 10/4/2018       N Y  
39 33 Dart Road             9/27/2018 9/27/2018       N Y Refinance
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai             9/25/2018 9/25/2018   9/25/2018 10.0% N Y Refinance
41 225 Carolina              10/10/2018 10/15/2018       N Y Acquisition
42 Fairmont Crossing 8.2% 11/30/2021 Republic House (Tri City) 2,043 7.0% 5/31/2023 10/2/2018 10/3/2018       N Y Refinance
43 Infinite Self Storage             9/26/2018 9/26/2018       N Y Refinance
44 Willow Ridge             9/12/2018 9/12/2018       N Y Refinance
45 New London Square 6.7% 11/30/2022 Williamson Brothers BA 5,303 6.0% 11/30/2024 9/5/2018 9/5/2018       N Y Acquisition
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX             9/19/2018 9/18/2018       N Y Acquisition
47 Paso Robles Self Storage             9/25/2018     9/25/2018 7.0% N Y Refinance
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza 13.0% 3/31/2026 Chevarias Appliances 2,962 4.0% 6/30/2023 10/2/2018         N Y Recapitalization
49 Safeway - Port Angeles             9/12/2018     9/12/2018 7.0% N Y Acquisition
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road 17.9% 7/31/2020         10/10/2018         N Y Refinance
51 Heron Lakes Apartments             4/30/2018 04/26/2018       N Y Refinance
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center 7.0% 7/31/2019 Sahar Shehata 1,327 7.0% 6/30/2020 8/16/2018 8/17/2018 9/20/2018     N Y Recapitalization

 

A-1-10

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Engineering Escrow / Deferred Maintenance ($) Tax Escrow (Initial) Monthly Tax Escrow ($) Tax Escrow - Cash or LoC Tax Escrow - LoC Counterparty Insurance Escrow (Initial) Monthly Insurance Escrow ($) Insurance Escrow - Cash or LoC Insurance Escrow - LoC Counterparty Upfront Replacement Reserve ($) Monthly Replacement Reserve ($)(11) Replacement Reserve Cap ($) Replacement Reserve Escrow - Cash or LoC Replacement Reserve Escrow - LoC Counterparty
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio 0 115,875 57,937 Cash   0 Springing     0 12,427 0 Cash  
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown 0 1,166,485 129,609 Cash   0 Springing     1,000,000 164,042 0 Cash  
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 Springing 0    
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA                            
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA                            
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC                            
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA                            
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD                            
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX                            
4 Riverworks 0 137,443 68,721 Cash   22,647 Springing Cash   0 2,518 0 Cash  
5 1000 Windward Concourse 0 30,578 30,578 Cash   12,732 2,546 Cash   0 4,400 0 Cash  
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 330,760 0 Cash  
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel                            
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel                            
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown                            
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport                            
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront                            
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown                            
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills                            
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale                            
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium                            
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area                            
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita                            
6.12 Courtyard Norman                            
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre                            
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury                            
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West                            
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount                            
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast                            
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury                            
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount                            
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio                            
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio                            
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest                            
7 Franklin Towne Center 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 2,883 0 Cash  
8 Christiana Mall 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 Springing 0    
9 Bella at Norcross 0 83,569 27,856 Cash   58,772 7,347 Cash   0 6,625 0 Cash  
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road 3,438 93,480 31,160 Cash   23,371 2,921 Cash   0 4,195 0 Cash  
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio 63,000 0 41,998 Cash   87,077 7,916 Cash   0 7,799 0 Cash  
11.01 Wolf Lake                            
11.02 Stage Hills                            
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 Springing 417,173    
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard                            
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive                            
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive                            
12.04 636 Pierce Street                            
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle                            
12.06 7505 Mason King Court                            
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive                            
12.08 444 Toyama Drive                            
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio 18,313 114,994 28,749 Cash   53,164 3,544 Cash   0 5,058 0 Cash  
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage                            
13.02 Daytona Business Park                            
13.03 Absolute Self Storage                            
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio 478,650 120,237 40,079; Springing Cash   0 4,038; Springing Cash   0 3,906 0 Cash  
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park                            
14.02 34 Executive Drive                            
15 35 Claver Place 3,125 36,568 6,095 Cash   4,936 2,468 Cash   0 917 0 Cash  
16 Aventura Mall 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 Springing 487,003    
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio 37,188 86,421 12,346 Cash   4,833 1,611 Cash   0 2,917 0 Cash  
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts                            
17.02 JI Case Lofts                            
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments 21,875 0 12,163 Cash   28,715 9,572 Cash   0 7,167 0 Cash  
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments 489,440 0 Springing     141,290 19,167 Cash   500,000 22,946 0 Cash  
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora                            
19.02 Fox Club Apartments                            
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio 0 326,006 81,502 Cash   0 28,642 Cash   0 104,329 3,755,852 Cash  
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront                            
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront                            
21 Home Depot Technology Center 0 27,577 27,577 Cash   0 Springing     0 Springing 0    
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland 0 18,649 18,649 Cash   4,839 Springing Cash   0 15,709 0 Cash  
23 The Tannery 0 15,820 5,273 Cash   0 Springing     762,085 1,089 0 Cash  
24 Vernon Industrial  0 48,105 16,035 Cash   0 Springing     168,000 1,228 197,460 Cash  
25 Liberty Portfolio 3,125 89,189 44,594 Cash   18,366 9,183 Cash   0 13,429 0 Cash  
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado                            
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive                            
26 Argenta Flats 0 66,796 22,265 Cash   25,464 3,638 Cash   3,333 3,333 0 Cash  
27 Century Town Center 5,125 195,756 17,796 Cash   0 Springing     0 1,659 0 Cash  
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs 0 43,735 14,580 Cash   0 Springing     0 12,252 0 Cash  
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace 0 134,549 19,221 Cash   12,723 1,060 Cash   0 1,078 0 Cash  
30 1400 Flat Gap Road 0 0 18,078 Cash   38,687 4,886 Cash   0 4,050 0 Cash  
31 Fair Oaks Mall 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 Springing 0    
32 Norriton Medical Center 0 79,316 19,829 Cash   6,056 1,514 Cash   0 Springing 0    
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney 19,688 0 13,185 Cash   6,627 3,313 Cash   0 8,709 0 Cash  
34 Kaden Tower 0 17,562 8,781 Cash   18,138 1,512 Cash   0 1,703 0 Cash  
35 Buellton Self Storage 0 14,780 7,390 Cash   0 Springing     0 999 23,976 Cash  
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights 0 49,454 12,363 Cash   9,532 1,906 Cash   0 8,875 0 Cash  
37 Heartland Village Apartments 16,038 83,558 20,890 Cash   8,605 4,302 Cash   0 3,954 0 Cash  
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio 0 12,469 12,469 Cash   0 Springing     0 1,748 0 Cash  
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage                            
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road                            
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street                            
39 33 Dart Road 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 Springing 0    
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai 0 15,048 7,524 Cash   0 Springing     0 753 18,072 Cash  
41 225 Carolina  0 0 7,502 Cash   0 Springing     0 338 0 Cash  
42 Fairmont Crossing 8,375 172,030 14,766 Cash   6,098 3,049 Cash   0 364 0 Cash  
43 Infinite Self Storage 0 53,568 13,392 Cash   0 Springing     0 803 0 Cash  
44 Willow Ridge 0 11,992 1,999 Cash   50,042 3,574 Cash   0 4,396 211,000 Cash  
45 New London Square 0 15,616 7,808 Cash   1,619 1,619 Cash   0 1,858 0 Cash  
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 0 0    
47 Paso Robles Self Storage 0 15,171 5,057 Cash   0 Springing     0 1,197 28,728 Cash  
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 Springing 0    
49 Safeway - Port Angeles 0 0 Springing     0 Springing     0 Springing 0    
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road 0 5,461 5,461 Cash   0 Springing     0 139 10,000 Cash  
51 Heron Lakes Apartments 30,286 20,446 2,921 Cash   7,198 1,800 Cash   0 1,409 0 Cash  
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center 0 15,511 3,878 Cash   0 Springing     0 238 0 Cash  

 

A-1-11

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Upfront TI/LC Reserve ($)(5)(8)(12) Monthly TI/LC Reserve ($)(8) TI/LC Reserve Cap ($) TI/LC Escrow - Cash or LoC TI/LC Escrow - LoC Counterparty Debt Service Escrow (Initial) ($) Debt Service Escrow (Monthly) ($) Debt Service Escrow - Cash or LoC Debt Service Escrow - LoC Counterparty Other Escrow I Reserve Description(11) Other Escrow I (Initial) ($)(5)(8)(11)
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio 300,000 31,067 300,000 Cash   0 0     Outstanding TI/LC Reserve 97,587
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown 0 0 0     0 0       0
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio 0 Springing 0     0 0       0
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA                      
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA                      
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC                      
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA                      
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD                      
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX                      
4 Riverworks 2,000,000 Springing 0 LOC Bank of America 0 0     Free Rent Reserve 584,518
5 1000 Windward Concourse 0 20,952 251,425 Cash   0 0     Travelers Rollover 0
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio 0 0 0     0 0     PIP Reserve 5,408,895
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel                      
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel                      
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown                      
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport                      
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront                      
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown                      
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills                      
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale                      
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium                      
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area                      
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita                      
6.12 Courtyard Norman                      
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre                      
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury                      
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West                      
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount                      
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast                      
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury                      
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount                      
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio                      
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio                      
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest                      
7 Franklin Towne Center 0 0 0     0 0       0
8 Christiana Mall 0 Springing 0     0 0     Outstanding TI/LC Reserve 1,804,093
9 Bella at Norcross 0 0 0     0 0       0
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road 1,529,160 25,417 0 Cash   0 0     Anchor Tenant Rollover Reserve 0
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio 250,000 32,653 1,500,000 Cash   0 0       0
11.01 Wolf Lake                      
11.02 Stage Hills                      
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio 0 Springing 0     0 0       0
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard                      
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive                      
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive                      
12.04 636 Pierce Street                      
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle                      
12.06 7505 Mason King Court                      
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive                      
12.08 444 Toyama Drive                      
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio 350,000 10,788 0 Cash   0 0       0
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage                      
13.02 Daytona Business Park                      
13.03 Absolute Self Storage                      
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio 250,000 7,812 0 Cash   0 0     Excess Flood Insurance Reserve 50,000
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park                      
14.02 34 Executive Drive                      
15 35 Claver Place 0 0 0     0 0     Real Estate Tax Abatement Escrow 315,000
16 Aventura Mall 0 Springing 6,087,540     0 0     Outstanding Rollover Reserve 19,392,145
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio 0 0 0     0 0     Insolvency Opinion Reserve 10,000
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts                      
17.02 JI Case Lofts                      
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments 0 0 0     0 0       0
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments 0 0 0     0 0       0
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora                      
19.02 Fox Club Apartments                      
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio 0 0 0     0 0     HGI PIP Reserve 741,954
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront                      
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront                      
21 Home Depot Technology Center 0 0 0     0 0     Outstanding TI/LC Reserve 1,054,027
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland 0 0 0     0 0     PIP Reserve 0
23 The Tannery 1,073,293 5,446 0 Cash   0 0     Forward Rent Reserve 195,987
24 Vernon Industrial  0 6,138 147,300 Cash   0 0       0
25 Liberty Portfolio 1,161,769 Springing 0 Cash   0 0     Free Rent Reserve 109,603
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado                      
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive                      
26 Argenta Flats 0 0 0     0 0       0
27 Century Town Center 0 8,296 0 Cash   0 0     Outstanding TI/LC Reserve 330,660
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs 0 0 0     0 0       0
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace 325,000 2,696 0 Cash   0 0       0
30 1400 Flat Gap Road 0 6,075 250,000 Cash   0 0     Outstanding TI/LC Reserve 200,000
31 Fair Oaks Mall 3,954,170 Springing 0 Cash   0 0     Gap Rent Reserve 1,183,388
32 Norriton Medical Center 350,000 6,184 0 Cash   0 0       0
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney 0 0 0     0 0     PIP Reserve 15,000
34 Kaden Tower 150,000 7,236 500,000 Cash   0 0       0
35 Buellton Self Storage 0 0 0     0 0       0
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights 0 0 0     0 0     PIP Reserve 161,450
37 Heartland Village Apartments 0 0 0     0 0       0
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio 0 0 0     0 0       0
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage                      
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road                      
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street                      
39 33 Dart Road 0 0 0     0 0       0
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai 0 0 0     0 0       0
41 225 Carolina  0 3,376 0 Cash   0 0       0
42 Fairmont Crossing 0 2,426 145,570 Cash   0 0       0
43 Infinite Self Storage 0 0 0     0 0       0
44 Willow Ridge 0 0 0     0 0       0
45 New London Square 160,000 3,334 160,000 Cash   0 0     Springing Marietta Antique Mall Reserve 0
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX 0 0 0     0 0       0
47 Paso Robles Self Storage 0 0 0     0 0       0
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza 0 Springing 0     0 0     Springing Ross Dress for Less - dd’s Discount Reserve 0
49 Safeway - Port Angeles 0 Springing 0     0 0       0
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road 0 Springing 0     0 0     Outstanding TI Reserve 51,764
51 Heron Lakes Apartments 0 0 0     0 0       0
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center 0 1,042 40,000 Cash   0 0       0

 

A-1-12

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Other Escrow I (Monthly) ($)(8) Other Escrow I Cap ($) Other Escrow I Escrow - Cash or LoC Other  Escrow I - LoC Counterparty Other Escrow II Reserve Description(11) Other Escrow II (Initial) ($)(8)(11) Other Escrow II (Monthly) ($)(8) Other Escrow II Cap ($)
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown 0 0       0 0 0
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio 0 0       0 0 0
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA                
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA                
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC                
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA                
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD                
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX                
4 Riverworks 0 0 Cash   Outstanding TI Reserve 308,530 0 0
5 1000 Windward Concourse 16,563 0 Cash     0 0 0
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel                
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel                
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown                
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport                
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront                
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown                
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills                
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale                
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium                
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area                
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita                
6.12 Courtyard Norman                
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre                
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury                
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West                
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount                
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast                
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury                
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount                
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio                
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio                
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest                
7 Franklin Towne Center 0 0       0 0 0
8 Christiana Mall 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
9 Bella at Norcross 0 0       0 0 0
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road Springing 4,000,000 with respect to Quintiles; 3,300,000 with respect to First Data NAP   First Data Rent Abatement Reserve 178,557 0 0
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio 0 0       0 0 0
11.01 Wolf Lake                
11.02 Stage Hills                
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio 0 0       0 0 0
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard                
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive                
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive                
12.04 636 Pierce Street                
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle                
12.06 7505 Mason King Court                
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive                
12.08 444 Toyama Drive                
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio 0 0       0 0 0
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage                
13.02 Daytona Business Park                
13.03 Absolute Self Storage                
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park                
14.02 34 Executive Drive                
15 35 Claver Place 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
16 Aventura Mall 0 0 Cash   Free Rent/Gap Reserve 6,776,765 0 0
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts                
17.02 JI Case Lofts                
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments 0 0       0 0 0
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments 0 0       0 0 0
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora                
19.02 Fox Club Apartments                
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio 0 0 Cash   Parking and Retail Lease Reserve 0 Springing 0
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront                
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront                
21 Home Depot Technology Center 0 0 Cash   Outstanding Free Rent Reserve 361,170 0 0
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland Springing 0       0 0 0
23 The Tannery 0 0 Cash   Free Rent Reserve 135,313 0 0
24 Vernon Industrial  0 0       0 0 0
25 Liberty Portfolio 0 0 Cash   Ground Rent Reserve 77,257 77,257 0
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado                
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive                
26 Argenta Flats 0 0       0 0 0
27 Century Town Center 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs 0 0       0 0 0
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace 0 0       0 0 0
30 1400 Flat Gap Road 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
31 Fair Oaks Mall 0 0 Cash   Owned Anchor Reserve (Springing); Owned Anchor Termination Reserve (Springing) 0 Springing 0
32 Norriton Medical Center 0 0       0 0 0
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney Springing 0 Cash     0 0 0
34 Kaden Tower 0 0       0 0 0
35 Buellton Self Storage 0 0       0 0 0
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
37 Heartland Village Apartments 0 0       0 0 0
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio 0 0       0 0 0
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage                
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road                
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street                
39 33 Dart Road 0 0       0 0 0
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai 0 0       0 0 0
41 225 Carolina  0 0       0 0 0
42 Fairmont Crossing 0 0       0 0 0
43 Infinite Self Storage 0 0       0 0 0
44 Willow Ridge 0 0       0 0 0
45 New London Square Springing 0     Unit 1437 Reserve 130,000 0 0
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX 0 0       0 0 0
47 Paso Robles Self Storage 0 0       0 0 0
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza Springing 190,000       0 0 0
49 Safeway - Port Angeles 0 0       0 0 0
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road 0 0 Cash     0 0 0
51 Heron Lakes Apartments 0 0       0 0 0
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center 0 0       0 0 0

 

A-1-13

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Other Escrow II Escrow - Cash or LoC Other  Escrow II - LoC Counterparty Holdback(13) Ownership Interest(5) Ground Lease Initial Expiration Date(14) Annual Ground Rent Payment(14) Annual Ground Rent Increases Lockbox(15) Whole Loan Cut-off Date Balance ($)(7) Whole Loan Debt Service ($) Subordinate Secured Debt Original Balance ($)
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio       Fee       Springing      
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown       Fee        Hard/Springing Cash Management      
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio       Fee       Springing      
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA       Fee              
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA       Fee              
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC       Fee              
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA       Fee              
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD       Fee              
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX       Fee              
4 Riverworks Cash   5,629,000 Fee        Hard/Springing Cash Management      
5 1000 Windward Concourse       Fee        Springing      
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio       Fee       Soft/Springing Cash Management      
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel       Fee              
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel       Fee              
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown       Fee              
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport       Fee              
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront       Fee              
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown       Fee              
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills       Fee              
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale       Fee              
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium       Fee              
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area       Fee              
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita       Fee              
6.12 Courtyard Norman       Fee              
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre       Fee              
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury       Fee              
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West       Fee              
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount       Fee              
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast       Fee              
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury       Fee              
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount       Fee              
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio       Fee              
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio       Fee              
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest       Fee              
7 Franklin Towne Center       Fee        Hard/Springing Cash Management      
8 Christiana Mall       Fee and Leasehold 12/31/2028 $0   Hard/Springing Cash Management 550,000,000 1,987,750 212,000,000
9 Bella at Norcross       Fee       None      
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road Cash     Fee       Hard/Springing Cash Management      
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio       Fee       Hard/Springing Cash Management      
11.01 Wolf Lake       Fee              
11.02 Stage Hills       Fee              
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio       Fee       Soft/Springing Cash Management      
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard       Fee              
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive       Fee              
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive       Fee              
12.04 636 Pierce Street       Fee              
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle       Fee              
12.06 7505 Mason King Court       Fee              
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive       Fee              
12.08 444 Toyama Drive       Fee              
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio       Fee        Soft/Springing Cash Management       
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage       Fee              
13.02 Daytona Business Park       Fee              
13.03 Absolute Self Storage       Fee              
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio       Fee        Soft/Upfront Cash Management      
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park       Fee               
14.02 34 Executive Drive       Fee               
15 35 Claver Place       Fee       Springing      
16 Aventura Mall Cash     Fee       Hard/Springing Cash Management 1,750,000,000 6,093,631 343,300,000
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio       Fee       Springing      
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts       Fee              
17.02 JI Case Lofts       Fee              
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments     750,000 Fee        Soft/Springing Cash Management      
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments       Fee        Soft/Springing Cash Management      
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora       Fee               
19.02 Fox Club Apartments       Fee               
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio       Fee and Leasehold       Springing      
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront       Fee and Leasehold              
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront       Fee and Leasehold              
21 Home Depot Technology Center Cash     Fee       Hard/Springing Cash Management      
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland       Fee        Springing      
23 The Tannery Cash     Fee        Hard/Springing Cash Management      
24 Vernon Industrial        Fee       Springing      
25 Liberty Portfolio Cash     Fee and Leasehold Various Various Various Hard/Springing Cash Management      
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado       Fee and Leasehold Various $916,929          
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive       Fee              
26 Argenta Flats       Fee       Soft/Upfront Cash Management      
27 Century Town Center       Fee        Hard/Springing Cash Management      
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs       Fee       Springing      
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace     1,600,000 Fee        Springing      
30 1400 Flat Gap Road       Fee       Hard/Springing Cash Management      
31 Fair Oaks Mall       Fee       Hard/Springing Cash Management 258,066,704 1,446,681 85,000,000
32 Norriton Medical Center       Fee        Hard/Springing Cash Management      
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney       Fee       Hard/Springing Cash Management      
34 Kaden Tower       Fee        Hard/Springing Cash Management      
35 Buellton Self Storage       Fee       None      
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights       Fee       Springing      
37 Heartland Village Apartments       Fee        Soft/Springing Cash Management      
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio       Fee       None      
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage       Fee              
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road       Fee              
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street       Fee              
39 33 Dart Road       Fee       Springing      
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai       Fee       None      
41 225 Carolina        Fee        Hard/Springing Cash Management      
42 Fairmont Crossing       Fee       Springing      
43 Infinite Self Storage       Fee       None      
44 Willow Ridge       Fee        Springing      
45 New London Square Cash     Fee       None      
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX       Fee       Springing      
47 Paso Robles Self Storage       Fee       None      
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza       Fee       Springing      
49 Safeway - Port Angeles       Fee       Springing      
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road       Fee       Springing      
51 Heron Lakes Apartments       Fee       Springing      
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center       Fee       None      

 

A-1-14

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Subordinate Secured Debt Cut-off Date Balance ($) Whole Loan U/W NOI DSCR (x) Whole Loan U/W NCF DSCR (x) Whole Loan Cut-off Date LTV Ratio Whole Loan Cut-off Date U/W NOI Debt Yield Whole Loan Cut-off Date U/W NCF Debt Yield Mezzanine Debt Cut-off Date Balance($)
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio              
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown              
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio              
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA              
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA              
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC              
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA              
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD              
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX              
4 Riverworks              
5 1000 Windward Concourse              
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio              
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel              
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel              
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown              
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport              
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront              
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown              
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills              
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale              
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium              
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area              
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita              
6.12 Courtyard Norman              
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre              
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury              
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West              
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount              
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast              
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury              
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount              
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio              
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio              
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest              
7 Franklin Towne Center              
8 Christiana Mall 212,000,000 1.96 1.93 52.9% 8.5% 8.4%  
9 Bella at Norcross              
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road              
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio             5,500,000
11.01 Wolf Lake             2,825,195
11.02 Stage Hills             2,674,805
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio              
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard              
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive              
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive              
12.04 636 Pierce Street              
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle              
12.06 7505 Mason King Court              
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive              
12.08 444 Toyama Drive              
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio              
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage              
13.02 Daytona Business Park              
13.03 Absolute Self Storage              
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio             7,000,000
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park             5,550,000
14.02 34 Executive Drive             1,450,000
15 35 Claver Place             2,500,000
16 Aventura Mall 343,300,000 2.12 2.07 50.7% 8.8% 8.7%  
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio              
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts              
17.02 JI Case Lofts              
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments              
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments              
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora              
19.02 Fox Club Apartments              
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio              
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront              
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront              
21 Home Depot Technology Center              
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland              
23 The Tannery              
24 Vernon Industrial               
25 Liberty Portfolio              
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado              
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive              
26 Argenta Flats             1,100,000
27 Century Town Center              
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs              
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace              
30 1400 Flat Gap Road              
31 Fair Oaks Mall 84,367,961 1.72 1.64 47.3% 11.6% 11.0%  
32 Norriton Medical Center              
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney              
34 Kaden Tower              
35 Buellton Self Storage              
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights              
37 Heartland Village Apartments              
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio              
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage              
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road              
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street              
39 33 Dart Road              
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai              
41 225 Carolina               
42 Fairmont Crossing              
43 Infinite Self Storage              
44 Willow Ridge              
45 New London Square              
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX              
47 Paso Robles Self Storage              
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza              
49 Safeway - Port Angeles              
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road              
51 Heron Lakes Apartments              
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center              

 

A-1-15

 

 

ANNEX A-1 — CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS AND MORTGAGED PROPERTIES

 

Mortgage Loan Number Property Name Sponsor(16) Affiliated Sponsors Mortgage Loan Number
1 Miami Industrial Portfolio Francis Greenburger   1
2 Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown JRK-Holdings, Limited Parternship; James M. Lippman   2
3 Walgreens - Ginsberg Portfolio Morton Ginsberg   3
3.01 Walgreens - Alexandria, VA     3.01
3.02 Walgreens - Atlanta, GA     3.02
3.03 Walgreens - Burlington, NC     3.03
3.04 Walgreens - Franklin, MA     3.04
3.05 Walgreens - Chester, MD     3.05
3.06 Walgreens - Laredo, TX     3.06
4 Riverworks GEM Realty Evergreen Fund, L.P.; GEM Realty Evergreen Fund PF-NM, L.P.   4
5 1000 Windward Concourse Sebastian Barbagallo   5
6 Starwood Hotel Portfolio SCG Hotel Investors Holdings L.P.   6
6.01 Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel     6.01
6.02 Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel     6.02
6.03 Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown     6.03
6.04 Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport     6.04
6.05 Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront     6.05
6.06 Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown     6.06
6.07 Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills     6.07
6.08 Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale     6.08
6.09 Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium     6.09
6.10 Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area     6.10
6.11 Hilton Garden Inn Wichita     6.11
6.12 Courtyard Norman     6.12
6.13 Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre     6.13
6.14 Courtyard Salisbury     6.14
6.15 Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West     6.15
6.16 Residence Inn Rocky Mount     6.16
6.17 Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast     6.17
6.18 Residence Inn Salisbury     6.18
6.19 Courtyard Rocky Mount     6.19
6.20 Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio     6.20
6.21 Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio     6.21
6.22 Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest     6.22
7 Franklin Towne Center Michael Levine; Uri Moche   7
8 Christiana Mall GGP Inc.; PPF Retail, LLC   8
9 Bella at Norcross Gideon D. Levy   9
10 1600 Terrell Mill Road Asher Roshanzamir   10
11 Memphis Industrial Portfolio D. Curtis Wegener   11
11.01 Wolf Lake     11.01
11.02 Stage Hills     11.02
12 Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio Digital Realty Trust, L.P.   12
12.01 14901 FAA Boulevard     12.01
12.02 4650 Old Ironsides Drive     12.02
12.03 43790 Devin Shafron Drive     12.03
12.04 636 Pierce Street     12.04
12.05 21551 Beaumeade Circle     12.05
12.06 7505 Mason King Court     12.06
12.07 4700 Old Ironsides Drive     12.07
12.08 444 Toyama Drive     12.08
13 California Mixed Use Portfolio DT GRAT LM, LLC   13
13.01 Daytona RV & Boat Storage     13.01
13.02 Daytona Business Park     13.02
13.03 Absolute Self Storage     13.03
14 Danbury Commerce Portfolio Melvyn J. Powers; Mary P. Powers   14
14.01 Delaware Commerce Park     14.01
14.02 34 Executive Drive     14.02
15 35 Claver Place Joseph Banda; Perl Weisz   15
16 Aventura Mall Simon Property Group, L.P.; Jacquelyn Soffer; Jeffrey Soffer   16
17 H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio Harry H. Hepler   17
17.01 Motor Wheel Lofts     17.01
17.02 JI Case Lofts     17.02
18 Waterford Tulsa Apartments C.N. David Reischer; Marc Kulick   18
19 Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments JPC Charities; Oron Zarum   19
19.01 Lakeside Pointe at Nora     19.01
19.02 Fox Club Apartments     19.02
20 Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Neil P. Amin; Jay B. Shah   20
20.01 Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront     20.01
20.02 Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront     20.02
21 Home Depot Technology Center SSP Newmarket, LLC; SM Newmarket Manager, LLC; Centerlane MTC Atlanta, LLC   21
22 Hampton Inn & Suites - Vineland Ed Roth; Henry Roth   22
23 The Tannery Jeffrey Siegel   23
24 Vernon Industrial  Mehrdad Moghavem; The Hutton Trust Dated October 14, 2003; Niloofar Moghavem; Charles Rahban; The Charles and Natasha Rahban Living Trust Dated June 27, 1997; Natasha Rahban   24
25 Liberty Portfolio Bruce Karsh   25
25.01 Liberty Center at Rio Salado     25.01
25.02 8501 East Raintree Drive     25.02
26 Argenta Flats Nathan Salter; J. Brent Salter; Harold Tenenbaum; Jack Grundfest; Joshua Shemper   26
27 Century Town Center Abraham Avi Nechemia; Ehud Nahum   27
28 Home2 Suites - Franklin Cool Springs Mitul I. Patel   28
29 Kennedy Road Marketplace JBL Asset Management   29
30 1400 Flat Gap Road Eliahou S. Zami; Kenneth N. Cohen   30
31 Fair Oaks Mall The Taubman Realty Group Limited Partnership; Morton Olshan   31
32 Norriton Medical Center Shlomo Tajerstein   32
33 Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney Dr. Akash Patel; Bhavin Patel; Pramod Patel; Chintan Patel   33
34 Kaden Tower Dennis Udwin; Charles Stein   34
35 Buellton Self Storage William B. Kendall; Kendall 2000 Family Trust; Richard Ortale Y - Group 1 35
36 Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights Malik Abdulnoor; Jimmy R. Asmar   36
37 Heartland Village Apartments Gopal Damodarasamy Sadagopal; Ryan Schmidt; Jacob Lipp   37
38 CLC Self Storage Portfolio Lawrence Kaplan; George Thacker, III; Richard Schontz   38
38.01 Kangaroo II Self-Storage     38.01
38.02 Apublix Self Storage - Sooner Road     38.02
38.03 Apublix Self Storage - 10th Street     38.03
39 33 Dart Road Steven M. Rhodes   39
40 Condor Self Storage of Ojai William B. Kendall; Kendall 2000 Family Trust; Richard Ortale Y - Group 1 40
41 225 Carolina  Danny Benedict   41
42 Fairmont Crossing Ted L. Barr; Joseph G. Greulich; Benjamin D. Sheridan   42
43 Infinite Self Storage Jeffrey L. Kittle Trust U/T/D December 5, 2003; Jeffrey L. Kittle   43
44 Willow Ridge Matthew Lester   44
45 New London Square Rose Jarboe   45
46 Walgreens - Georgetown, TX Lawrence R. Kahn; Joanne F. Kahn   46
47 Paso Robles Self Storage William B. Kendall; Kendall 2000 Family Trust; Richard Ortale Y - Group 1 47
48 Cartwright Pointe Plaza Brad Scott; Brad Scott Trust dated February 5, 1997   48
49 Safeway - Port Angeles Brent A. Tucker; Nikki L. Beilfuss; Nikki L. Beilfuss Trust   49
50 2011 & 2015 Abrams Road Steven A. Lieberman; Six Square Capital, LTD.   50
51 Heron Lakes Apartments Robert M. Dominy, Jr.   51
52 Rochester Square Shopping Center The Farbman Family, LLC; David Kahan   52

 

A-1-16

 

 

FOOTNOTES TO ANNEX A-1

 

See “Annex A-3: Summaries of the Fifteen Largest Mortgage Loans” in the Preliminary Prospectus for additional information on the 15 largest mortgage loans.

 

(1)“AREF” denotes Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC, “WFB” denotes Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, “Barclays” denotes Barclays Bank PLC, “Basis” denotes Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC and “BSPRT” denotes BSPRT Finance, LLC.

 

(2)For mortgage loan #1 (Miami Industrial Portfolio), the Number of Units and Occupancy % include two mortgaged properties (486,853 and 258,744 square feet) located approximately one mile apart, which are owned and operated as a single asset by the borrower sponsor. The Number of Units consists of 635,894 square feet of industrial warehouse space and 109,703 square feet of showroom space.

 

For mortgage loan #37 (Heartland Village Apartments), the Heartland Village Apartments Mortgaged Property is entirely occupied by students.

 

(3)For mortgage loan #10 (1600 Terrell Mill Road), the 24-month interest-only period commences on August 6, 2022 and ends on July 6, 2024.

 

(4)For mortgage loan #8 (Christiana Mall), the late payment charge will be waived by the lender for the first three late payments provided that the borrower commences timely payment of interest at the default rate.

 

(5)For mortgage loan #6 (Starwood Hotel Portfolio), the Appraised Value presented for the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan reflects a portfolio level appraisal, which includes a diversity premium based on an assumption that all the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgaged Properties would be sold together as a portfolio. The aggregate of the individual Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgaged Property appraised values is $377,700,000. In addition, the Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel Mortgaged Property Appraised Value assumes a property improvement plan (“PIP”) scheduled for completion in September 2019 has been completed. All outstanding PIP costs have been reserved for at origination. The appraised value assuming the PIP for the Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel Mortgaged Property has not been completed is $27,700,000.

 

For mortgage loan #6 (Starwood Hotel Portfolio), the Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel Mortgaged Property has been offline for renovations since August 2016 and partially reopened in October 2018 and is expected to fully reopen in December 2018. The underwritten values for the Mortgaged Property are based on estimates in the related appraisal.

 

For mortgage loan #7 (Franklin Towne Center), the lien of the Franklin Towne Center Mortgaged Property includes the borrower’s fee interest in the land but does not include the improvements (although the borrower owns the improvements). The terms of the net lease with Stop & Shop prohibit the borrower from mortgaging the improvements. The Cut-off Date LTV and Balloon LTV are based on the appraised value of $47,800,000, which includes the improvements. The appraised value of the land (if such land were subject to a ground lease pursuant to which the ground tenant would be responsible for the costs of constructing the improvements thereon, if any) is $35,500,000, which would result in a Cut-off Date LTV and Balloon LTV of 81.7% and 57.3%, respectively.

 

For mortgage loan #20 (Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio), the August 1, 2019 Stabilized Appraised Value of $45,600,000 for the Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property assumes that $1,000,000 (50.0% of expected PIP work) would be escrowed by the lender and would be available to a prospective buyer to fund the PIP work at the Hilton Garden Inn Virginia

 

A-1-17

 

 

Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property. The Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio borrowers deposited upfront PIP reserves totalling $741,954, which represents 50.0% of the engineer’s updated estimated costs of the remaining PIP work of $1,483,907. The balance of the remaining PIP work will be funded by the monthly FF&E reserve in an amount of 1/12th of 5.0% of the gross income from operations (initially $104,329 for the portfolio). For the Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property, the appraiser concluded an as-is appraised value without the PIP assumption of $44,600,000, which results in a total appraised value for the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio of $129,400,000, and a Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD of 69.6% and 60.0%, respectively.

 

For mortgage loan #36 (Hampton Inn & Suites - Sterling Heights), the Appraised Value represents the “As-Stabilized” value, assuming the self-directed performance improvement plan, which is expected to be completed by January 1, 2019, has been completed. The “As-Is” appraised value assuming the self-directed performance improvement plan has not been completed, is $11,800,000. The Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD based on the $11,800,000 “As-Is” appraised value are 63.6% and 53.5%, respectively.

 

(6)For mortgage loan #2 (Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown), 23.2% of the total revenue at the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Mortgaged Property is generated by food and beverage components.

 

(7)For mortgage loan #2 (Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown), the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Notes A-2, A-5 and A-7, three of eight pari passu notes of the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan (as defined below), which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $160,000,000. Notes A-1, A-3, A-4, A-6, and A-8 are not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance per Room/SF figures presented are based on Notes A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-7 and A-8 in the aggregate (the “Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan”). Note A-2 represents the controlling interest in the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan.

 

For mortgage loan #6 (Starwood Hotel Portfolio), the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Note A-4, one of four pari passu notes of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan (as defined below), which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $265,000,000. Notes A-1, A-2 and A-3 are not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance Per Unit/SF figures presented are based on Notes A-1, A-2, A-3 and A-4 in the aggregate (the “Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan”). Note A-4 represents the non-controlling interest in the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

For mortgage loan #8 (Christiana Mall), the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Note A-1-D, one of 13 pari passu senior notes, which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $338,000,000, of a whole loan (the “Christiana Mall Whole Loan”) consisting of such pari passu senior notes and three pari passu subordinate B-notes, which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $212,000,000. Notes A-1-A, A-1-B, A-1-C, A-1-E, A-2-A, A-2-B, A-2-C, A-2-D, A-2-E, A-3-A, A-3-B, A-3-C, B-1, B-2 and B-3 are not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance per Unit/SF figures presented are based on Notes A-1-A, A-1-B, A-1-C, A-1-D, A-1-E, A-2-A, A-2-B, A-2-C, A-2-D, A-2-E, A-3-A, A-3-B and A-3-C in the aggregate, but exclude notes B-1, B-2 and B-3. Note A-1-A represents the controlling interest in the Christiana Mall Whole Loan.

 

For mortgage loan #12 (Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio), the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan is evidenced by a non-controlling pari passu Note A-5 of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan, which note had a Cut-off Date Balance of $25,000,000. The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan is comprised of six pari passu notes, which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $212,000,000. Notes A-1, A-2-1, A-2-2, A-3 and A-4 are not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield, and Cut-off Date Balance Per Unit/SF figures presented are based on the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

A-1-18

 

 

For mortgage loan #14 (Danbury Commerce Portfolio), the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Mortgage Loan represents Note A-2 of two pari passu notes of the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan (as defined below), which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $38,000,000. Note A-1 is not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance per Unit/SF figures presented are based on Notes A-1 and A-2 in the aggregate (the “Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan”). Note A-2 represents the controlling interest in the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

For mortgage loan #16 (Aventura Mall), the Aventura Mall Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Note A-2-D-5, one of 26 pari passu senior notes, which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $1,406,700,000, of a whole loan (the “Aventura Mall Whole Loan”) consisting of such pari passu senior notes and four pari passu subordinate notes which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $343,300,000. The other notes are not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance Per Unit/SF figures presented are based on all the 26 pari passu senior notes in the aggregate, but exclude the pari passu subordinate notes. Note A-2-D-5 represents a non-controlling interest in the Aventura Mall Whole Loan.

 

For mortgage loan #19 (Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments), the Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Note A-1 of two pari passu notes of the Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Whole Loan (as defined below), which have a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $32,000,000. Note A-2 is not included in the trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance per Unit/SF figures presented are based on Notes A-1 and A-2 in the aggregate (the “Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Whole Loan”). Note A-1 represents the controlling interest in the Lakeside Pointe & Fox Club Apartments Whole Loan.

 

For mortgage loan #20 (Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio), the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Note A-3, one of three pari passu notes of the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan (as defined below), which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $90,000,000. Notes A-1 and A-2 are not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance per Unit/SF figures presented are based on Notes A-1, A-2 and A-3 in the aggregate (the “Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan”). Note A-1 represents the controlling interest in the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

For mortgage loan #21 (Home Depot Technology Center), the Home Depot Technology Center Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Note A-2, one of two pari passu notes of the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan (as defined below), which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $44,300,000. Note A-1 is not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance per Unit/SF figures presented are based on Notes A-1 and A-2 in the aggregate (the “Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan”). Note A-1 represents the controlling interest in the Home Depot Technology Center Whole Loan.

 

For mortgage loan #25 (Liberty Portfolio), the Liberty Portfolio Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Note A-5, one of eight pari passu notes of the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan (as defined below), which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $165,700,000. Notes A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-6, A-7 and A-8 are not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance per Unit/SF figures presented are based on Notes A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-7 and A-8 in the aggregate (the “Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan”). Note A-1 represents the controlling interest in the Liberty Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

For mortgage loan #31 (Fair Oaks Mall), the Fair Oaks Mall Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Note A-2-4, one of six pari passu senior notes, which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $173,698,743, of a whole loan (the “Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan”). consisting of such pari passu senior notes and two pari passu subordinate B-notes which had a combined Cut-off Date Balance of $84,367,961. Notes A-1-1, A-1-2, A-2-1, A-2-2, A-2-3, B-1 and B-2 are not included in the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. All LTV, DSCR, Debt Yield and Cut-off Date Balance per Unit/SF figures presented are based on Notes A-1-1, A-1-2, A-2-1, A-2-2, A-2-3 and A-2-4 in the aggregate, but exclude Notes B-1 and B-2. Note A-1-1 represents the controlling interest in the

 

A-1-19

 

 

Fair Oaks Mall Whole Loan. With respect to DSCR figures, debt service is calculated based on the allocated principal and interest payments per a specific amortization schedule.

 

(8)In certain cases, mortgage loans may have tenants that have executed leases, but may not be fully paying rent or occupying the related leased premises that were included in the underwriting.

 

For mortgage loan #4 (Riverworks), the fifth largest tenant (14,230 square feet), representing 7.1% of net rentable square feet, has taken possession but has fully abated rent through June 2019, and then partially abated rent amount through December 2019. All outstanding free rent, tenant improvements and leasing commissions were reserved for at origination.

 

For mortgage loan #23 (The Tannery), the fifth largest tenant (7,280 square feet), representing 11.1% of net rentable square feet, has executed a lease and has taken occupancy, but does not commence paying rent until January 2019. The third largest tenant (10,476 square feet), representing 16.0% of net rentable square feet, will begin paying rent on May 1, 2019, after a four-month rent abatement period.

 

For mortgage loan #27 (Century Town Center), the fourth largest tenant (5,347 square feet), representing 5.4% of net rentable square feet, has executed a lease and has started paying rent but is not expected to take occupancy until February 28, 2019, pending the build-out of its leased space.

 

(9)The tenant early termination options discussed in this footnote are not intended to be an exclusive list. In particular, termination options based on co-tenancy clauses are generally included only for top five tenants by net rentable square feet if the option is currently or imminently exercisable.

 

For mortgage loan #1 (Miami Industrial Portfolio), the second largest tenant (20,846 square feet), representing 2.8% of the net rentable square feet, has two separate expiration dates for its combined 20,846 square feet of space: 16,625 square feet will expire on September 30, 2019 and 4,221 square feet will expire on November 30, 2020.

 

For mortgage loan #3 (Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio), the sole tenant at each Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgaged Property, representing 100.0% of net rentable square feet of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio, may terminate its lease. The sole tenants at the Walgreens – Alexandria, VA Mortgaged Property (14,469 square feet) and Walgreens – Atlanta, GA Mortgaged Property (14,110 square feet), each may terminate its lease as of October 31, 2033 and March 31, 2035, respectively, and every five years thereafter, upon providing six months’ written notice. The sole tenant at the Walgreens – Burlington, NC Mortgaged Property (14,550 square feet), may terminate its lease as of November 30, 2033 and every five years thereafter, upon providing 12 months’ written notice. The sole tenants at the Walgreens – Franklin, MA Mortgaged Property (14,550 square feet), the Walgreens – Chester, MD Mortgaged Property (14,550 square feet) and the Walgreens – Laredo, TX Mortgaged Property (14,820 square feet), may each terminate its lease monthly on or after January 31, 2035, April 30, 2035 and April 30, 2034, respectively, upon providing 12 months’ written notice.

 

For mortgage loan #5 (1000 Windward Concourse), the largest tenant (140,255 square feet), representing 55.8% of net rentable square feet, may terminate its lease with respect to up to 10.0% of the then rentable area of its premises at any time after December 31, 2019, upon nine months’ prior notice.

 

For mortgage loan #10 (1600 Terrell Mill Road), the second largest tenant (112,729 square feet), representing 44.8% of net rentable square feet, may terminate 50,972 square feet of its space as of August 31, 2023 upon providing notice by August 31, 2022 and paying a termination fee equal to all unamortized tenant improvement allowance, landlord work and leasing commissions.

 

A-1-20

 

 

For mortgage loan #11 (Memphis Industrial Portfolio), the second largest tenant (31,320 square feet), representing 6.7% of net rentable square feet, may terminate its lease in December 2020 with 180 days’ notice and payment of a termination fee equal to $391,441 at least 60 days prior to the termination date.

 

For mortgage loan #12 (Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio), the sole tenant at the 7505 Mason King Court Mortgaged Property has a one-time right to terminate its lease effective on December 31, 2020, with nine months’ prior written notice, and payment of a termination fee equal to unamortized tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions.

 

For mortgage loan #13 (California Mixed Use Portfolio), with respect to the Daytona Business Park Mortgaged Property, the second largest tenant is occupying two spaces of 21,000 square feet and 17,473 square feet. The lease expiration dates for these spaces are May 31, 2021 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

 

For the mortgage loan #21 (Home Depot Technology Center), the second largest tenant, (36,829 square feet), representing 10.6% of net rentable square feet, has a one-time option to terminate its lease effective as of August 31, 2026 after giving 360 days written notice and payment to the landlord in an amount equal to $727,786.28.

 

For mortgage loan #23 (The Tannery), the second largest tenant (12,923 square feet), representing 19.8% of net rentable square feet, may terminate its lease after July 1, 2024 upon, among other things, 12 months’ prior notice and payment of a termination fee equal to unamortized cost of landlord work and five months of base rent. The fifth largest tenant (7,280 square feet), representing 11.1% of net rentable square feet, may terminate its lease if the landlord does not deliver their space with landlord’s work substanitally complete by February 28, 2019.

 

For mortgage loan #25 (Liberty Portfolio), with respect to the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property, the largest tenant (352,988 square feet), representing 43.8% of the net rentable square feet, has three separate expiration dates for its combined 352,988 square feet of space: 77,867 square feet will expire on January 22, 2028, 236,131 square feet will expire on January 31, 2028 and 38,990 square feet will expire on December 31, 2028.

 

For mortgage loan #31 (Fair Oaks Mall), the third largest tenant (20,265 square feet), representing 2.6% of net rentable square feet, has a termination option if it fails to achieve gross sales of at least $6,000,000 for the period from March 28, 2021 to March 29, 2022, effective as of March 29, 2023.

 

For mortgage loan #32 (Norriton Medical Center), the largest tenant (11,249 square feet), representing 15.2% of net rentable square feet, may terminate its lease on certain expansion space (2,486 square feet) on March 2020, provided that (i) such tenant provides the borrower with written notice of its intent to terminate the lease at least six months prior to the termination date, and (ii) the termination notice is accompanied by a termination fee in the amount of $17,000. The third largest tenant (5,988 square feet), representing 8.1% of net rentable square feet, may terminate its lease on May 1, 2023 provided 270 days’ prior written notice is given along with a termination fee equal to the sum of the unamortized portions of the landlord’s work and brokerage commission. These costs will be amortized at an 8.0% interest rate.


For mortgage loan #34 (Kaden Tower), the fourth largest tenant (8,542 square feet), representing 9.8% of net rentable square feet, may terminate its lease any time after August 31, 2021 with 30 days prior written notice.

 

For mortgage loan #42 (Fairmont Crossing), the largest tenant (7,070 square feet), representing 24.3% of the net rentable square feet, is a medical office space.

 

A-1-21

 

 

For mortgage loan #45 (New London Square), the second largest tenant (10,605 square feet), representing 11.9% of net rentable square feet, may reduce its space or terminate its lease as of February 29, 2020, upon providing notice by October 31, 2019.

 

For mortgage loan #46 (Walgreens – Georgetown, TX), the sole tenant has a right to terminate its lease any time after January 31, 2037, with 12 months’ prior written notice.

 

For mortgage loan #48 (Cartwright Pointe Plaza), the largest tenant (19,137 square feet), representing 26.0% of net rentable square feet, may terminate its lease if its gross sales in the lease year ending January 31, 2020 do not exceed $6,500,000, upon 120 days’ written notice, delivered within 365 days following the lease year ending January 31, 2020.

       

(10)For mortgage loan #4 (Riverworks), the largest tenant (44,170 square feet), representing 21.9% of net rentable square feet, has subleased 36,291 square feet of its space (which may include additional square footage of mezzanine space) for a base rent of $29.00 per square foot, which will increase to $35.00 per square foot in July 2019, and 10,501 square feet of its space for a base rent of $37.50 per square foot, pursuant to two subleases that are coterminous with the prime lease expiring in October 2020. The largest tenant remains responsible for all obligations, including the payment of rent, under the prime lease.

 

For mortgage loan #7 (Franklin Towne Center), the sole tenant relocated to an adjacent property in 2005 but entered into a net lease with the borrower at the Franklin Towne Center Mortgaged Property for a term expiring in 2030 for purposes of preventing a market competitor from leasing such space. The sole tenant is not in occupancy of and subleases portions of its space to approximately seventeen individual retail subtenants (representing approximately 50% of the net rentable area at the Franklin Towne Center Mortgaged Property) with varying expiration dates. The sole tenant remains responsible for all obligations, including the payment of rent, under the prime lease.

 

For mortgage loan #10 (1600 Terrell Mill Road), the second largest tenant (112,729 square feet), representing 44.8% of net rentable square feet, has multiple lease expirations. 61,757 net rentable square feet expires in August 2023 and 50,972 net rentable square feet expires in August 2026. The tenant is currently paying rent on the 50,972 square foot portion, which is currently being built out, with the final anticipated completion in February 2019.

 

For mortgage loan #11 (Memphis Industrial Portfolio), 12 tenants (41,646 square feet), representing 8.9% of net rentable square feet, have lease expirations prior to June 30, 2019. The loan guarantor has entered into a master lease that may be drawn upon to cover debt service.

 

For mortgage loan #14 (Danbury Commerce Portfolio), the fifth largest tenant at the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property (23,400 square feet), representing 6.2% of net rentable square feet of the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property, has multiple leases that expire as follows: 16,400 square feet expire on 3/31/2024 and 7,000 square feet expire on 12/31/2019.

 

For mortgage loan #41 (225 Carolina), the largest tenant (25,985 square feet), representing 64.1% of net rentable square feet, has multiple leases that expire as follows: 15,876 square feet expire on 4/30/2026, 9,399 square feet expire on 12/31/2027 and 710 square feet expire on 7/31/2027.

 

(11)For mortgage loan #10 (1600 Terrell Mill Road), the second largest tenant (112,729 square feet), representing 44.8% of net rentable square feet, was granted a rent abatement on 50,972 square feet of its space equal to one month of free rent applied each June through the end of the lease term. A rent abatement reserve equal to $178,556.62 was taken at loan origination.

 

For mortgage loan #20 (Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio), the monthly FF&E reserve will be in an amount equal to 1/12th of 5% of room revenues of the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgaged Property until completion of the required PIP work as confirmed by the lender. Thereafter the borrower will be required to make monthly deposits into the FF&E reserve account in an amount

 

A-1-22

 

 

equal to the greater of 1/12th of 4% of total room revenues of the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgaged Property or the amount required to be reserved for FF&E expenditures or ongoing or future PIPs. Upon completion of the required PIP work, monthly deposits to the FF&E reserve account will be capped at three years’ worth of collections.

 

For the mortgage loan #21 (Home Depot Technology Center), the second largest tenant (36,829 square feet), representing 10.6% of net rentable square feet, has a rent abatement period from January 1, 2019 through August 1, 2019, in the amount of $45,146 per month. A rent abatement reserve in the amount of $361,170 was escrowed at closing.

 

For mortgage loan #33 (Hampton Inn & Suites McKinney), the monthly replacement reserve, to be adjusted annually each January, is equal to the greater of: (i) 1/12th of 4% of the actual annual gross income and (ii) such amount required by the related franchisor, but in no event may the monthly replacement reserve be less than the initial monthly replacement reserve of $8,709. Collection of the monthly replacement reserve will commence on December 1, 2018.

 

For mortgage loan #36 (Hampton Inn & Suites – Sterling Heights), the Monthly Replacement Reserve, to be adjusted annually each January, is equal to the greater of: (i) 1/12th of 4% of the actual annual gross income and (ii) such amount required by the related franchisor, but in no event may the Monthly Replacement Reserve be less than the initial Monthly Replacement Reserve of $8,875. Collection of the Monthly Replacement Reserve will commence on January 1, 2019.

 

(12)For mortgage loan #1 (Miami Industrial Portfolio), TI/LC underwriting is inclusive of a straight-line credit for the upfront TI/LC reserve equal to $30,000, which is 10.0% of the upfront TI/LC reserve of $300,000. At the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan origination, $300,000 was deposited into a tenant improvement and leasing commission reserve account for future re-tenanting expenses.

 

For mortgage loan #20 (Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio), the historical F&B revenues have been normalized to reflect the new borrower-affiliated F&B lease that commenced at loan origination. At the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan origination, the borrower leased out all F&B operations of the restaurants in the portfolio to Shamin-TLV Inc., an affiliate of the borrower.

 

(13)For mortgage loan #4 (Riverworks), all LTV, DSCR and Debt Yield figures are calculated assuming the loan amount less a $5,629,000 letter of credit, which the borrower delivered as additional colleteral in lieu of an earnout holdback. The letter of credit can be disbursed in whole or in part if no event of default has occurred and is continuing and the earnout debt yield is greater than 10.0%. Assuming the full letter of credit balance is not applied to pay down the full loan amount of $38,629,000, the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD, U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield and U/W NCF Debt Yield are 60.0%, 60.0%, 1.85x, 1.73x, 9.1% and 8.5%, respectively.

 

For mortgage loan #18 (Waterford Tulsa Apartments), all LTV, DSCR and Debt Yield figures are calculated assuming the loan amount less a $750,000 holdback. $500,000 of the holdback can be disbursed if no event of default has occurred and is continuing and the earnout debt yield is greater than 9.0% for one quarter. The remaining $250,000 of the holdback can be disbursed to the borrower provided that no event of default has occurred and is continuing, the earnout debt yield is greater than 9.0% for one quarter and the lender has received satisfactory evidence that at least $250,000 of interior upgrades required under the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgage Loan documents have been performed at the Waterford Tulsa Apartments Mortgaged Property. Assuming the full holdback balance is not applied to pay down the full loan amount of $18,144,000, the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD, U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield and U/W NCF Debt Yield are 74.7%, 69.3%, 1.38x, 1.31x, 9.3% and 8.8%, respectively.

 

A-1-23

 

 

For mortgage loan #29 (Kennedy Road Marketplace), all LTV, DSCR and Debt Yield figures are calculated assuming the loan amount less a $1,600,000 holdback. $1,250,000 of the holdback can be disbursed in whole or in part if no event of default has occurred and is continuing, the earnout debt yield is greater than 9.1% and either (i)(a) Mattress Firm has assumed its lease during its ongoing bankruptcy proceeding, the related bankruptcy plan has been approved by the applicable court and Mattress Firm is in occupancy, open for business and paying normal, unabated rent in accordance with the terms of its lease and (b) the 2019 termination option set forth in the Mattress Firm lease has expired or (ii) the related lease is terminated and replaced with a new lease for a term of no less than five years that meets the requirements set forth in the loan documents and the related tenant is in occupancy, open for business and paying rent and provides an acceptable estoppel. The disbursement conditions must be satisfied within 36 months of origination or the lender will prepay the mortgage loan with the balance of reserve funds, subject to the payment of a yield maintenance premium. The remaining $350,000 of the holdback can be disbursed in whole or in part if no event of default has occurred and is continuing, the earnout debt yield is greater than 9.09% and either (i) Gamestop has renewed its lease for at least one year or (ii) the related lease is terminated and replaced with a new lease for a term of no less than three years that meets the requirements set forth in the loan documents and the related tenant is in occupancy, open for business and paying rent and provides an acceptable estoppel. The disbursement conditions must be satisfied within 36 months of origination or the lender will prepay the mortgage loan with the balance of reserve funds, subject to the payment of a yield maintenance premium. Assuming the full holdback balance is not applied to pay down the full loan amount of $11,500,000, the Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD, U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield and U/W NCF Debt Yield are 69.3%, 64.1%, 1.29x, 1.27x, 8.5% and 8.4%, respectively.

 

(14)For mortgage loan #8 (Christiana Mall), a 4.154-acre portion of the parking lot at the Christiana Mall Mortgaged Property is owned by Macy’s and ground leased to the borrower pursuant to a parking lease agreement, dated as of July 30, 2010. Consequently, the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan, with respect to such portion of the Christiana Mall Mortgaged Property, is secured only by the borrower’s leasehold interest. The parking lease agreement will terminate on December 31, 2028, provided; however, that Macy’s can terminate the parking lease agreement at any time with 12 months’ notice. The parking lease agreement does not contain customary mortgagee protection provisions and is scheduled to expire prior to the date that is ten years after the loan term.

 

For mortgage loan #10 (1600 Terrell Mill Road), in connection with receiving certain tax abatements through the PILOT program offered through the Development Authority of Cobb County, Georgia (the “Development Authority”), the borrower transferred its fee interest in a portion of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property occupied by the largest tenant to the Development Authority and the Development Authority then entered into a ground lease with the borrower for the same portion of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property. The Development Authority also consented to granting to lender a security interest in the ground leased property. At closing, lender has a perfected security interest in the fee and leasehold interests in the property located at 1600 Terrell Mill Road. In addition, upon termination of these tax abatements on December 1, 2018, the borrower is required to purchase the fee interest in this portion of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property back from the Development Authority of Cobb County, Georgia for $100.

 

For mortgage loan #20 (Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio), attached to the Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio — Hilton Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property by way of an overhead walkway is a 1,000-car parking garage with ground floor retail. The borrower has a leasehold interest in a portion of the garage consisting of 380 parking garage spaces. The leased fee holder of the garage is the City of Virginia Beach Development Authority. Rent under the parking lease is currently approximately $222,000 per year and expires on June 30, 2070. Additionally, the borrower has also entered a lease for the ground floor retail portion of the parking garage, which provides approximately 26,000 square feet of commercial space to the borrower as well as an additional 58 parking spaces for exclusive retail use. The annual lease expense is $378,930 with the lease term expiring on June 30, 2030. There are currently 13 tenants leasing the retail space

 

A-1-24

 

 

for a total underwritten base rent of $765,284 resulting in a net positive cash flow. Tenants include Starbucks and other small shops that cater to the hotel’s customer base.

In addition, for mortgage loan #20 (Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio), with respect to the Hilton Garden Inn Virginia Beach Oceanfront Mortgaged Property, the borrower has a leasehold interest in an off-site parking garage where the borrower leases 168 spaces from 34th Street Garage, LLC. Annual rent under the lease equals $1.00 and the lease expires in May 2105.

 

For mortgage loan #25 (Liberty Portfolio), with respect to the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property, the borrower has a leasehold interest in each of the buildings located at the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property, which are subject to the Government Property Lease Excise Tax (“GPLET”) abatement until expiration of the underlying lease, at which point title in the fee interest will automatically vest in the borrower. The GPLET abatement expires at each of the buildings as follows: (i) 1850 West Rio Salado Parkway expires on October 29, 2022, (ii) 1870 West Rio Salado Parkway expires on February 14, 2026, (iii) 1910 West Rio Salado Parkway expires on July 7, 2023 and (iv) 1930 West Rio Salado Parkway expires on September 27, 2024. In lieu of paying real estate taxes, the borrower pays to the Arizona Department of Revenue and City of Tempe, in the form of rent, 50% of what the respective buildings’ real estate taxes otherwise would have been (2018 rent due under the GPLET abatement for the four buildings located at the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property was equal to $882,940). There are currently no extension options available for the GPLET abatement for the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property.

 

(15)For mortgage loan #13 (California Mixed Use Portfolio), the in-place lockbox is hard for commercial tenants at the California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgaged Properties and is soft for self-storage and RV/boat storage at the California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgaged Properties.

 

(16)For mortgage loan #24 (Vernon Industrial), the largest tenant (82,978 square feet), representing 56.3% of net rentable square feet, is affiliated with the borrower.

 

A-1-25

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK)

 

 

 

 

ANNEX A-2

 

MORTGAGE POOL INFORMATION (TABLES)

 

 

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK)

 

 

 

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

 

Annex A-2: Mortgage Pool Information

 

Mortgage Loans by Mortgage Loan Seller

 

        Weighted Average
              Percent by                                                
  Number of   Aggregate          Remaining Remaining     U/W NOI U/W NCF       
    Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Loan Seller Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC 16 $300,741,141 36.1% 5.271% 119 343 1.81x 11.7% 10.8% 61.9% 57.1%
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association 16 168,585,000 20.2    5.051 119 360 1.90 11.0 10.4 60.3 55.8
Barclays Bank PLC 8 161,953,431 19.4    4.812 109 358 2.09 11.5 10.7 56.1 54.7
Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC 7 109,604,372 13.1    5.378 118 351 1.38 10.0   9.0 64.5 56.1
BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC 5 93,050,000 11.2    5.163 103 360 1.66 10.0   9.7 61.0 55.8
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Mortgaged Properties by Property Type(1)(2)

 

            Weighted Average
                  Percent by                                                
      Number of   Aggregate          Remaining Remaining     U/W NOI U/W NCF       
      Mortgaged Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Property Type Properties Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
Retail 18 $171,438,431 20.6% 4.916% 115 335 1.99x 11.6% 11.3% 54.4% 47.2%
Anchored 6 64,535,000 7.7 5.267 119 315 1.66 12.1 11.6 60.8 49.6
Super Regional Mall 3 57,553,431 6.9 4.220 105 353 2.91 13.4 13.1 35.3 34.9
Single Tenant 8 47,850,000 5.7 5.258 120 360 1.32   8.5   8.5 68.5 58.4
Unanchored 1 1,500,000 0.2 5.550 119 360 2.25 16.4 15.4 58.3 52.2
Office 10 157,850,538 18.9 5.062 116 360 1.71 10.6   9.8 62.5 58.7
Suburban 8 141,500,538 17.0 5.028 115 360 1.69 10.4   9.6 61.7 58.0
Medical 1 8,700,000 1.0 5.145 120 0 2.22 12.2 11.6 64.9 64.9
CBD 1 7,650,000 0.9 5.595 120 360 1.50 11.7 10.3 74.3 64.7
Industrial 9 151,380,000 18.2 5.189 117 360 1.69 10.4   9.4 60.3 57.9
Warehouse/Showroom 1 66,100,000 7.9 4.981 120 0 1.77   9.9   8.9 63.3 63.3
Flex 5 55,430,000 6.6 5.530 120 360 1.43 10.2   9.1 61.0 55.1
Warehouse 2 23,250,000 2.8 5.046 104 360 1.97 12.1 11.2 51.1 49.4
Cold Storage/Manufacturing 1 6,600,000 0.8 4.900 119 0 2.05 10.7 10.2 56.9 56.9
Hospitality 29 146,337,241 17.5 5.215 118 351 2.12 13.4 12.0 63.2 58.9
Full Service 7 85,452,989 10.2 5.028 118 360 2.32 13.6 12.2 60.9 59.2
Limited Service 10 36,595,524 4.4 5.708 118 343 1.82 13.8 12.3 65.6 56.3
Extended Stay 6 17,509,692 2.1 5.123 119 360 1.80 12.3 10.9 68.2 60.0
Select Service 6 6,779,036 0.8 5.150 117 0 2.07 12.5 10.8 66.1 66.1
Multifamily 11 128,307,734 15.4 5.471 118 357 1.33   9.2   8.8 66.3 60.6
Garden 7 84,040,234 10.1 5.390 118 356 1.33   9.3   9.0 66.0 58.9
Low Rise 3 37,330,000 4.5 5.600 119 360 1.33   8.5   8.2 66.3 64.0
Student Housing 1 6,937,500 0.8 5.750 119 360 1.40 10.5   9.8 70.1 63.0
Self Storage 9 47,720,000 5.7 5.214 119 360 1.84 10.9 10.6 59.1 54.0
Self Storage 9 47,720,000 5.7 5.214 119 360 1.84 10.9 10.6 59.1 54.0
Other 8 25,000,000 3.0 4.558 58 0 2.50 11.9 11.6 54.7 54.7
Data Center 8 25,000,000 3.0 4.558 58 0 2.50 11.9 11.6 54.7 54.7
Mixed Use 1 5,900,000 0.7 5.245 120 360 1.57 11.0 10.4 60.0 55.5
Office/Retail 1 5,900,000 0.7 5.245 120 360 1.57 11.0 10.4 60.0 55.5
Total/Weighted Average: 95 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

(1) A mortgaged property is classified as shadow anchored if it is located in close proximity to an anchored retail property.

(2) Because this table presents information relating to the mortgaged properties and not the mortgage loans, the information for mortgage loans secured by more than one mortgaged property  is based on allocated amounts (allocating the mortgage loan principal balance to each of those properties according to the relative appraised values of the mortgaged properties or the allocated loan amounts or property-specific release prices set forth in the related mortgage loan documents or in such other manner as the related mortgage loan seller deemed appropriate).

 

A-2-1

 

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

 

Annex A-2: Mortgage Pool Information

 

Mortgaged Properties by Location(1)(2)

 

            Weighted Average
                  Percent by                                                
      Number of   Aggregate          Remaining Remaining     U/W NOI U/W NCF       
      Mortgaged Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
State Properties Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
Georgia 8 $117,878,205 14.1% 5.220% 115 360 1.52x 10.3% 9.5% 64.6% 59.7%
Tennessee 5 107,750,000 12.9 5.149 115 360 2.09 13.1 11.7 58.8 54.7
Florida 4 100,480,906 12.0 4.818 119 360 1.92 10.4 9.5 59.2 58.6
California 10 63,755,189 7.6 5.010 112 360 1.97 11.1 10.7 55.7 51.5
Southern 7 55,300,000 6.6 5.079 120 360 1.89 11.0 10.5 55.9 51.0
Northern 3 8,455,189 1.0 4.558 58    0 2.50 11.9 11.6 54.7 54.7
New Jersey 3 46,034,008 5.5 5.529 114 295 1.72 13.1 12.5 62.2 47.7
Massachusetts 2 44,776,000 5.4 4.911 119 360 1.92 10.3 9.7 53.8 52.2
Virginia 7 42,402,167 5.1 4.768 91 358 2.08 12.8 12.0 58.0 51.6
Connecticut 3 34,300,000 4.1 5.559 119 360 1.48 9.3 9.0 61.3 59.6
Texas 6 31,464,308 3.8 5.292 110 335 1.68 10.8 10.3 63.3 56.5
Michigan 4 28,028,538 3.4 5.317 115 355 1.43 10.2 9.7 65.0 54.5
Delaware 1 28,000,000 3.4 4.278 116    0 3.15 13.8 13.6 32.5 32.5
Pennsylvania 3 22,798,546 2.7 5.212 119 358 1.78 11.1 10.5 67.9 61.0
Oklahoma 5 22,755,287 2.7 5.436 119 360 1.39 9.8 9.2 71.9 66.7
New York 1 21,330,000 2.6 5.315 119    0 1.35 7.3 7.3 66.7 66.7
Arizona 3 16,810,000 2.0 4.769 118 360 1.99 11.2 10.5 60.0 58.1
Illinois 5 16,803,908 2.0 5.528 119 360 1.66 10.7 9.9 67.2 64.3
Indiana 2 16,000,000 1.9 5.980 119 360 1.30 10.2 9.3 65.7 60.4
Arkansas 1 11,900,000 1.4 5.460 120 360 1.28 9.0 8.7 62.6 54.8
Colorado 2 9,290,700 1.1 5.386 118 360 1.63 11.5 10.9 60.2 53.4
North Carolina 3 7,983,482 1.0 5.231 119 360 1.41 9.2 8.8 69.5 59.7
Maryland 3 7,723,502 0.9 5.229 119 360 1.43 9.3 8.9 69.4 60.0
Kentucky 1 7,650,000 0.9 5.595 120 360 1.50 11.7 10.3 74.3 64.7
Missouri 3 7,308,401 0.9 5.150 117    0 2.07 12.5 10.8 66.1 66.1
Rhode Island 1 6,000,000 0.7 5.120 119 360 1.49 10.5 9.7 70.6 64.0
Washington 1 3,500,000 0.4 5.260 119    0 1.76 10.1 9.4 53.8 53.8
Kansas 4 3,128,786 0.4 5.150 117    0 2.07 12.5 10.8 66.1 66.1
Iowa 1 2,678,430 0.3 5.150 117    0 2.07 12.5 10.8 66.1 66.1
Alabama 1 2,282,696 0.3 5.400 115 295 1.26 10.0 9.3 64.3 49.2
Mississippi 1 1,785,620 0.2 5.150 117    0 2.07 12.5 10.8 66.1 66.1
Wisconsin 1 1,335,265 0.2 5.150 117    0 2.07 12.5 10.8 66.1 66.1
Total/Weighted Average: 95 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

(1) For purposes of determining whether a mortgaged property is in Northern California or Southern California, Northern California includes areas with zip codes above 93600 and Southern California includes areas with zip codes of 93600 and below.

(2) Because this table presents information relating to the mortgaged properties and not the mortgage loans, the information for mortgage loans secured by more than one mortgaged property is based on allocated amounts (allocating the mortgage loan principal balance to each of those properties according to the relative appraised values of the mortgaged properties or the allocated loan amounts or property-specific release prices set forth in the related mortgage loan documents or in such other manner as the related mortgage loan seller deemed appropriate).

 

A-2-2

 

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

 

Annex A-2: Mortgage Pool Information

 

Range of Cut-off Date Balances

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
   Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Cut-off Date Balances ($) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
1,500,000 - 2,000,000 1 $1,500,000 0.2% 5.550% 119 360 2.25x 16.4% 15.4% 58.3% 52.2%
2,000,001 - 3,000,000 1 2,282,696 0.3 5.400 115 295 1.26 10.0   9.3 64.3 49.2
3,000,001 - 4,000,000 4 14,560,000 1.7 5.084 120 360 2.53 14.4 13.9 47.0 44.8
4,000,001 - 5,000,000 1 4,350,000 0.5 5.330 119    0 1.56   8.5  8.4 63.5 63.5
5,000,001 - 6,000,000 6 34,410,000 4.1 5.247 119 360 1.77 11.4 10.8 60.9 56.4
6,000,001 - 7,000,000 3 20,237,500 2.4 5.428 119 360 1.60 10.2   9.8 66.0 61.1
7,000,001 - 8,000,000 4 30,513,138 3.7 5.510 119 339 1.74 12.4 11.3 64.6 55.8
8,000,001 - 9,000,000 1 8,700,000 1.0 5.145 120    0 2.22 12.2 11.6 64.9 64.9
9,000,001 - 10,000,000 1 9,553,431 1.1 4.258 53 353 2.89 17.2 16.3 31.8 29.7
10,000,001 - 15,000,000 11 139,895,641 16.8 5.168 113 359 1.71 11.3 10.5 63.7 57.7
15,000,001 - 20,000,000 4 73,172,538 8.8 5.117 116 357 1.65   9.8   9.4 61.3 55.8
20,000,001 - 30,000,000 10 259,530,000 31.1 5.184 113 339 1.77 10.9 10.2 59.2 53.9
30,000,001 - 50,000,000 3 109,129,000 13.1 5.040 119 360 1.64 10.1   9.6 61.6 56.2
50,000,001 - 66,100,000 2 126,100,000 15.1 5.007 119    0 2.11 11.8 10.7 60.7 60.7
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Range of Underwritten Net Cash Flow Debt Service Coverage Ratios

 

        Weighted Average
    Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining     U/W NOI U/W NCF       
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Underwritten NCF DSCRs (x) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
1.25 - 1.30 7 $142,211,234 17.1% 5.407% 119 358 1.28x 9.1% 8.7% 66.7% 57.9%
1.31 - 1.40 6 103,511,500 12.4 5.387 119 360 1.37 9.7 8.9 65.4 58.5
1.41 - 1.50 5 61,171,538 7.3 5.456 119 359 1.48 9.9 9.4 65.7 60.4
1.51 - 1.75 10 117,763,138 14.1 5.270 119 329 1.63 11.9 11.1 63.4 54.3
1.76 - 2.00 10 159,834,103 19.2 5.082 114 359 1.81 11.0 10.1 62.4 59.8
2.01 - 2.25 6 92,929,000 11.1 5.004 118 360 2.07 11.5 10.5 58.2 58.1
2.26 - 2.50 3 91,000,000 10.9 4.904 102    0 2.47 13.2 12.3 56.5 56.5
2.51 - 2.75 2 23,960,000 2.9 4.236 116 360 2.60 12.2 11.8 41.5 40.1
2.76 - 3.00 1 9,553,431 1.1 4.258 53 353 2.89 17.2 16.3 31.8 29.7
3.01 - 3.68 2 32,000,000 3.8 4.352 117    0 3.22 14.4 14.2 33.0 33.0
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Range of Underwritten Net Operating Income Debt Yields

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
   Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Underwritten NOI Debt Yields (%) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
7.3 - 8.0 1 $21,330,000 2.6% 5.315% 119    0 1.35x 7.3% 7.3% 66.7% 66.7%
8.1 - 9.0 5 98,078,538 11.8 5.368 118 358 1.32 8.6 8.4 66.8 58.7
9.1 - 10.0 12 218,526,696 26.2 5.199 117 359 1.54 9.7 9.0 64.6 60.7
10.1 - 11.0 11 137,288,038 16.5 5.026 118 359 1.89 10.6 10.0 56.0 53.4
11.1 - 12.0 6 106,650,000 12.8 5.050 105 360 1.82 11.7 10.6 60.8 56.1
12.1 - 13.0 6 90,360,000 10.8 5.243 118 306 1.84 12.5 11.5 64.0 55.6
13.1 - 14.0 5 118,363,138 14.2 4.929 118 344 2.45 13.7 12.7 54.1 51.2
14.1 - 16.0 2 24,324,103 2.9 5.611 103 359 1.90 14.5 13.1 59.8 52.3
16.1 - 17.0 1 1,500,000 0.2 5.550 119 360 2.25 16.4 15.4 58.3 52.2
17.1 - 18.0 1 9,553,431 1.1 4.258 53 353 2.89 17.2 16.3 31.8 29.7
18.1 - 18.4 2 7,960,000 1.0 4.843 120 360 3.19 18.3 17.6 40.7 36.6
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

A-2-3

 

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

 

Annex A-2: Mortgage Pool Information 

 

Range of Underwritten Net Cash Flow Debt Yields

  

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Underwritten NCF Debt Yields (%) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
7.3 - 8.0 1 $21,330,000 2.6% 5.315% 119    0 1.35x 7.3% 7.3% 66.7% 66.7%
8.1 - 9.0 10 244,328,538 29.3 5.225 117 359 1.49 9.2 8.7 65.2 60.6
9.1 - 10.0 15 195,164,734 23.4 5.291 119 359 1.57 10.3 9.5 61.3 55.8
10.1 - 11.0 9 131,950,000 15.8 4.951 118 360 1.93 11.7 10.7 61.1 57.9
11.1 - 12.0 7 73,323,138 8.8 4.970 98 346 2.12 12.5 11.7 60.8 56.0
12.1 - 13.0 4 106,750,000 12.8 5.192 115 300 2.13 13.5 12.5 57.9 52.0
13.1 - 15.0 2 42,074,103 5.0 4.847 117 358 2.72 14.1 13.5 44.0 40.7
15.1 - 16.0 1 1,500,000 0.2 5.550 119 360 2.25 16.4 15.4 58.3 52.2
16.1 - 18.0 2 13,513,431 1.6 4.421 73 355 2.83 17.5 16.5 35.7 31.8
18.1 - 18.2 1 4,000,000 0.5 4.870 120    0 3.68 18.4 18.2 36.4 36.4
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Range of Loan-to-Value Ratios as of the Cut-off Date

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Cut-off Date LTV Ratios (%) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
31.8 - 35.0 2 $37,553,431 4.5% 4.273% 100 353 3.08x 14.7% 14.3% 32.3% 31.8%
35.1 - 40.0 1 4,000,000 0.5 4.870 120    0 3.68 18.4 18.2 36.4 36.4
40.1 - 45.0 2 23,960,000 2.9 4.236 116 360 2.60 12.2 11.8 41.5 40.1
45.1 - 50.0 2 16,250,000 1.9 5.081 96 360 2.09 13.4 12.4 49.8 47.4
50.1 - 55.0 5 85,814,000 10.3 4.833 101 360 2.13 11.1 10.5 52.6 52.2
55.1 - 60.0 9 129,200,000 15.5 5.192 119 360 2.03 12.5 11.3 58.3 55.1
60.1 - 65.0 13 272,032,696 32.6 5.235 119 341 1.57 10.2   9.5 63.3 58.2
65.1 - 70.0 12 179,692,317 21.5 5.302 115 354 1.64 11.0 10.1 67.4 61.1
70.1 - 74.3 6 85,431,500 10.2 5.379 120 360 1.33   9.4   9.0 71.2 62.0
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Range of Loan-to-Value Ratios as of the Maturity Date or ARD

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Balloon or ARD LTV Ratios (%) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
29.7 - 30.0 1 $9,553,431 1.1% 4.258% 53 353 2.89x 17.2% 16.3% 31.8% 29.7%
30.1 - 35.0 1 28,000,000 3.4 4.278 116    0 3.15 13.8 13.6 32.5 32.5
35.1 - 40.0 2 7,960,000 1.0 4.843 120 360 3.19 18.3 17.6 40.7 36.6
40.1 - 45.0 2 49,000,000 5.9 4.884 117 264 1.98 11.9 11.6 52.6 41.9
45.1 - 50.0 6 57,317,696 6.9 5.358 113 357 1.67 12.3 10.9 56.2 48.7
50.1 - 55.0 9 137,692,138 16.5 5.026 108 352 1.85 10.7 10.1 56.8 52.8
55.1 - 60.0 15 284,899,179 34.2 5.207 119 359 1.71 11.2 10.4 64.4 58.0
60.1 - 65.0 12 175,737,500 21.1 5.275 119 360 1.64 10.1   9.3 65.1 63.0
65.1 - 67.3 4 83,774,000 10.0 5.227 112 360 1.68 10.0   9.2 67.7 66.6
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

A-2-4

 

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

 

Annex A-2: Mortgage Pool Information 

 

Range of Mortgage Rates

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Mortgage Rates (%) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
4.121 - 4.250 1 $20,000,000 2.4% 4.121% 115    0 2.58x 11.0% 10.8% 40.8% 40.8%
4.251 - 4.500 2 37,553,431 4.5 4.273 100 353 3.08 14.7 14.3 32.3 31.8
4.501 - 4.750 1 25,000,000 3.0 4.558 58    0 2.50 11.9 11.6 54.7 54.7
4.751 - 5.000 10 198,139,000 23.8 4.933 119 360 1.90 10.9 10.1 59.3 57.9
5.001 - 5.250 15 265,963,538 31.9 5.129 115 359 1.82 11.3 10.5 63.2 58.1
5.251 - 5.500 11 160,403,234 19.2 5.376 119 337 1.42 10.3 9.5 64.5 55.6
5.501 - 5.750 10 96,800,638 11.6 5.635 119 353 1.48 10.3 9.7 65.1 59.9
5.751 - 5.980 2 30,074,103 3.6 5.980 119 359 1.56 12.3 11.2 66.3 58.8
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Range of Mortgage Loans by Original Term to Maturity or ARD

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Original Terms to Maturity or ARD (mos.) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
60 2 $34,553,431 4.1% 4.475% 57 353 2.61x 13.4% 12.9% 48.4% 47.8%
61 - 84 2 24,550,000 2.9 5.044 83 360 1.85 11.3 10.6 59.6 58.0
85 - 120 48 774,830,513 92.9 5.172 119 351 1.77 11.0 10.2 61.3 56.4
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Range of Remaining Terms to Maturity or ARD as of the Cut-off Date

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Remaining Terms to Maturity or ARD (mos.) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
53 - 60 2 $34,553,431 4.1% 4.475% 57 353 2.61x 13.4% 12.9% 48.4% 47.8%
61 - 84 2 24,550,000 2.9 5.044 83 360 1.85 11.3 10.6 59.6 58.0
85 - 120 48 774,830,513 92.9 5.172 119 351 1.77 11.0 10.2 61.3 56.4
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Range of Mortgage Loans by Original Amortization Term

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Original Amortization Terms (mos.) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
Non-Amortizing 21 $401,509,000 48.1% 4.946% 113    0 2.12x 11.2% 10.5% 56.8% 56.8%
264 - 300 3 39,145,834 4.7 5.472 118 273 1.56 12.5 12.0 62.7 45.2
301 - 360 28 393,279,110 47.2 5.304 116 359 1.52 10.9 10.1 64.4 56.4
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

A-2-5

 

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

 

Annex A-2: Mortgage Pool Information 

 

Range of Remaining Amortization Terms as of the Cut-off Date(1)

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Range of Remaining Amortization Terms (mos.) Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
Non-Amortizing 21 $401,509,000 48.1% 4.946% 113    0 2.12x 11.2% 10.5% 56.8% 56.8%
264 - 300 3 39,145,834 4.7 5.472 118 273 1.56 12.5 12.0 62.7 45.2
301 - 360 28 393,279,110 47.2 5.304 116 359 1.52 10.9 10.1 64.4 56.4
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

(1)The remaining amortization term shown for any mortgage loan that is interest-only for part of its term does not include the number of months in its interest-only period and reflects only the number of months as of the commencement of amortization remaining from the end of such interest-only period.

 

Mortgage Loans by Amortization Type

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Amortization Type Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
Interest-only, Balloon 20 $387,209,000 46.4% 4.944% 115    0 2.13x 11.2% 10.5% 56.5% 56.5%
Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon 18 223,641,500 26.8 5.333 118 360 1.50 10.8 10.0 65.0 58.9
Amortizing Balloon 12 179,783,444 21.6 5.287 115 355 1.54 11.0 10.2 63.9 53.1
Amortizing ARD 1 29,000,000 3.5 5.410 118 264 1.57 12.5 12.2 60.7 42.6
Interest-only, ARD 1 14,300,000 1.7 5.001 83    0 1.77 9.3 9.0 66.5 66.5
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Mortgage Loans by Loan Purpose

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Loan Purpose Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
Refinance 32 $565,575,306 67.8% 5.138% 114 347 1.89x 11.3% 10.6% 58.8% 54.9%
Acquisition 16 198,098,638 23.8    5.118   116 356 1.72 10.9 10.1 64.1 60.1
Refinance/Acquisition 1 40,000,000 4.8    5.250   120 360 1.26 8.4 8.4 70.3 58.3
Recapitalization 3 30,260,000 3.6    5.159   120 360 1.60 11.2 10.5 60.0 49.8
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

Mortgage Loans by Lockbox Type

 

        Weighted Average
      Percent by                
  Number of   Aggregate   Remaining Remaining   U/W NOI U/W NCF    
  Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date Mortgage Term to Maturity Amortization U/W NCF Debt Debt Cut-off Date Balloon or ARD
Type of Lockbox Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%) Rate (%) or ARD (mos.) Term (mos.) DSCR (x) Yield (%) Yield (%) LTV (%) LTV (%)
Hard/Springing Cash Management 17 $329,517,107 39.5% 4.992% 114 337 2.03x 12.0% 11.1% 56.3% 51.8%
Springing 19 285,310,337 34.2 5.161 119 358 1.63 10.4 9.7 64.0 58.7
Soft/Springing Cash Management 6 120,881,500 14.5 5.222 106 360 1.77 11.0 10.1 64.2 60.0
None 8 63,525,000 7.6 5.377 119 360 1.74 10.8 10.5 61.0 57.4
Soft/Upfront Cash Management 2 34,700,000 4.2 5.634 119 360 1.41 9.0 8.6 62.3 59.7
Total/Weighted Average: 52 $833,933,944 100.0% 5.139% 115 351 1.81x 11.1% 10.4% 60.7% 56.1%

 

A-2-6

 

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

 

Annex A-2: Mortgage Pool Information 

 

Mortgage Loans by Escrow Type

 

  Initial   Monthly   Springing
              Percent by               Percent by               Percent by
    Number of           Aggregate   Number of           Aggregate   Number of           Aggregate
    Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date   Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date   Mortgage Aggregate Cut-off Cut-off Date
Type of Escrow Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%)   Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%)   Loans Date Balance ($) Pool Balance (%)
Tax Escrow 35 $550,113,375 66.0% 0.0 40 $617,970,513 74.1% 0 13 $238,763,431 28.6%
Insurance Escrow 24 $365,198,975 43.8% 0.0 24 $350,295,872 42.0% 0 29 $506,438,072 60.7%
Replacement Reserve 5 $114,121,538 13.7% 0.0 41 $669,970,513 80.3% 0 10 $159,613,431 19.1%
TI/LC Reserve(1) 12 $246,478,969 48.9% 0.0 17 $290,496,538 57.6% 0 9 $159,592,431 31.6%

 

(1)The percentage of Cut-off Date Pool Balance for loans with TI/LC reserves is based on the aggregate principal balance of loans secured in whole or in part by office, retail, industrial and mixed-use properties.

 

A-2-7

 

 

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

 

Annex A-2: Mortgage Pool Information 

 

Percentage of Mortgage Pool by Prepayment Restriction(1)(2)

 

  December December December December December December December December December December December
Prepayment Restriction 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028
Locked Out 100.00% 96.39% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Defeasance 0.00 0.00 87.93 87.93 87.94 90.63 90.65 90.37 90.38 87.64 0.00
Yield Maintenance 0.00 3.61 12.07 12.07 12.06 9.37 9.35 9.63 9.62 9.60 0.00
Prepayment Premium 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Open 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.76 0.00
Total: 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 0.00%
                       
Mortgage Pool Balance                      
Outstanding (in millions) $833.93 $830.46 $826.68 $822.08 $817.17 $778.13 $771.71 $740.49 $732.78 $724.65 $0.00
                       
Percent of Aggregate                      
Cut-off Date Pool Balance 100.00% 99.58% 99.13% 98.58% 97.99% 93.31% 92.54% 88.79% 87.87% 86.90% 0.00%

 

(1) Prepayment provisions in effect as a percentage of outstanding Mortgage Loan balances as of the indicated date assuming no prepayments on the Mortgage Loans, if any.

 

(2) Assumes yield maintenance for each Mortgage Loan with the option to defease or pay yield maintenance.

 

A-2-8

 

  

ANNEX A-3

 

SUMMARIES OF THE FIFTEEN LARGEST MORTGAGE LOANS

 

A-3-1

 

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK)

 

 A-3-2 

 

 

 

MIAMI INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

 

(GRAPHIC) 

 

 A-3-3 

 

 

MIAMI INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

 

(GRAPHIC) 

 A-3-4 

 

 

MIAMI INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

 

(GRAPHIC) 

 

 A-3-5 

 

 

No. 1 – Miami Industrial Portfolio
 
Loan Information Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Barclays Bank PLC Single Asset/Portfolio(3): Single Asset
Property Type: Industrial
Original Principal Balance: $66,100,000 Specific Property Type: Warehouse/Showroom
Cut-off Date Balance: $66,100,000 Location: Miami, FL
% of Initial Pool Balance: 7.9% Size: 745,597 SF
Loan Purpose: Refinance Cut-off Date Balance Per SF: $88.65
Borrower Names(1): Various Year Built/Renovated: Various/NAP
Borrower Sponsor: Francis Greenburger Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 4.981% Property Manager: Pointe Group Management, Inc.
Note Date: November 16, 2018 4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 90.4% (12/31/2014)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP 3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 91.8% (12/31/2015)
Maturity Date: December 6, 2028 2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 91.3% (12/31/2016)
IO Period: 120 months Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 95.4% (12/31/2017)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months Current Occupancy (As of): 89.4% (10/31/2018)
Seasoning: 0 months
Amortization Term (Original): NAP Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Balloon
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360 4th Most Recent NOI (As of): $5,426,154 (12/31/2015)
Call Protection: L(24),D(92),O(4) 3rd Most Recent NOI (As of): $5,960,266 (12/31/2016)
Lockbox Type: Springing 2nd Most Recent NOI (As of): $6,319,225 (12/31/2017)
Additional Debt: No Most Recent NOI (As of): $6,528,242 (TTM 9/30/2018)
Additional Debt Type: None
U/W Revenues: $8,353,124
U/W Expenses: $1,829,524
          U/W NOI: $6,523,600
  U/W NCF: $5,905,852
Escrows and Reserves(2): U/W NOI DSCR: 1.95x
  U/W NCF DSCR: 1.77x
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any) U/W NOI Debt Yield: 9.9%
Taxes $115,875 $57,937 NAP U/W NCF Debt Yield: 8.9%
Insurance $0 Springing NAP As-Is Appraised Value: $104,400,000
Replacement Reserves $0 $12,427 NAP As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: October 15, 2018
TI/LC Reserve $300,000 $31,067 $300,000 Cut-off Date LTV Ratio: 63.3%
Outstanding TI/LC Reserve $97,587 $0 NAP LTV Ratio at Maturity: 63.3%

(1)The borrowers of the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan (as defined below) are Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, Maiden Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, Smithridge Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, WEEG II Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, CH Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, and Miami Airport Exchange Equities LLC, as tenants-in-common.
(2)See “Escrows” section.
(3)The Miami Industrial Portfolio comprises two industrial properties located approximately one mile apart, which are owned and operated as a single asset by the sponsor.

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note secured by a first mortgage encumbering the fee interest in two industrial properties that are operated as a single asset located in Miami, Florida (the “Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties”). The Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan was originated on November 16, 2018 by Barclays Bank PLC. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan had an original principal balance of $66,100,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $66,100,000 and accrues interest at an interest rate of 4.981% per annum. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 120 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires payments of interest only through the loan term. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan matures on December 6, 2028.

Following the lockout period, on any date before September 6, 2028, the borrower has the right to defease the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan in whole, but not in part. In addition, the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after September 6, 2028.

 A-3-6 

 

MIAMI INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

Sources and Uses

Sources         Uses      
Original mortgage loan amount $66,100,000   100.0%   Loan payoff(1) $49,508,582     74.9%
          Upfront reserves 513,462   0.8   
          Closing costs 671,257   1.0   
          Return of equity 15,406,699   23.3   
Total Sources $66,100,000     100.0%   Total Uses $66,100,000   100.0%
(1)The loan payoff is inclusive of a $44.5 million payoff of the existing debt from WFRBS 2014-LC14 and a $5.0 million payoff of the preferred equity note.

The Property. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties are two industrial warehouse distribution and showroom properties operating as a single asset and totaling 745,597 square feet located approximately one mile apart along Northwest 72nd Avenue in Miami, Florida. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties consist of eleven buildings situated on approximately 28.3 total acres of land. Overall, the net rentable area of the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties is 85.3% industrial warehouse and 14.7% showroom space. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties feature 880 total parking spaces, resulting in a parking ratio of 1.2 spaces per 1,000 square feet of rentable area. As of October 31, 2018, the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties were 89.4% occupied by approximately 180 tenants with no single tenant accounting for more than 2.9% of the net rentable area or 2.3% of underwritten base rent. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties have averaged 91.7% occupancy over the past five years and averaged 86.3% occupancy since 2007.

International Airport Center

The International Airport Center contains eight industrial and showroom buildings totaling 486,853 square feet (65.3% of the net rentable area). The property was built in phases between 1984 and 1987. The industrial spaces include 20 foot clear ceiling heights, 14 foot bay heights, and 120 bay doors. Approximately 109,703 square feet (22.5% of net rentable area of the property) is showroom or wholesale suites. The showroom space ranges from about 1,000 to 3,000 square feet with frontage along Northwest 72nd Avenue, a main thoroughfare in the area, and are mainly occupied by electronics wholesalers and retailers. The International Airport Center is directly west of the Miami International Airport and about one mile south of the Milam Industrial Center. As of October 31, 2018, the International Airport Center was 84.5% occupied.

Milam Industrial Center

The Milam Industrial Center contains three industrial warehouse buildings totaling 258,744 square feet (34.7% of the net rentable area). The property was built between 1977 and 1979. The buildings are entirely industrial warehouse space with 20 foot clear ceiling heights, 14 foot bay heights, and 84 bay doors. The tenancy at the Milam Industrial Center property is mainly comprised of welders, storage, and home improvement design companies. The Milam Industrial Center property is located approximately one mile north of the International Airport Center property. As of October 31, 2018, the Milam Industrial Center was 98.7% occupied.

The following table presents certain information relating to the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties:

Property Year Built Total
Building
SF
% of
Total
Building
SF
Annual
U/W Base
Rent(1)
Annual U/W
Base Rent PSF (1)
Occupancy Appraised
Value
% of
Appraised
Value
International Airport Center 1984-1987 486,853   65.3% $5,761,186 $14.06   84.5% $75,400,000  72.2%
Milam Industrial Center 1977-1979 258,744  34.7% $2,405,712 $9.42 98.7% $29,000,000  27.8%
Total/Weighted Average   745,597 100.0% $8,166,898 $12.28   89.4% $104,400,000   100.0%
(1)Annual U/W Base Rent and Annual U/W Base Rent PSF exclude vacant space and a 1,900 square foot management office with no attributable U/W Base Rent.

 

 A-3-7 

 

MIAMI INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancy at the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties:

Major Tenants

Tenant Name Credit Rating
(Fitch/
Moody’s/
S&P)
Tenant
NRSF
% of
NRSF
Annual
U/W Base
Rent
PSF
(1)
Annual
U/W Base
Rent
(1)
% of Total
Annual
U/W Base
Rent
Lease
Expiration
Date
               
Major Tenants              
Ezone 2.0 LLC   NR/NR/NR 21,881 2.9% $8.47 $185,332 2.3% 6/30/2021
Giovanni & Sons NR/NR/NR 20,846 2.8% $8.72(2) $181,713 2.2% Various(2)
Purchase One Corp NR/NR/NR 19,950 2.7% $8.49 $169,376 2.1% 2/29/2020
A.R. Express LLC NR/NR/NR 12,700 1.7% $9.94 $126,238 1.5% 9/30/2021(3)
Pool Designs by Laly, LLC NR/NR/NR 10,250 1.4% $8.74 $89,585 1.1% 8/31/2020
Total Major Tenants 85,627 11.5% $8.79 $752,244 9.2%  
               
Non-Major Tenants(4) 581,299 78.0% $12.76 $7,414,654 90.8%  
               
Occupied Collateral Total 666,926 89.4% $12.28(5) $8,166,898 100.0%  
               
Vacant Space   78,671 10.6%        
               
Collateral Total 745,597 100.0%        
               

(1)Annual U/W Base Rent PSF and Annual U/W Base Rent include contractual rent steps through December 2019 totaling $167,410.
(2)Giovanni & Sons leases two separate spaces: 16,625 square feet with an Annual U/W Base Rent PSF of $8.64 and Lease Expiration Date of September 30, 2019 and 4,221 square feet with an Annual U/W Base Rent PSF of $9.02 and Lease Expiration Date of November 30, 2020.
(3)A.R. Express LLC has one, three-year renewal option.
(4)Non-Major Tenants includes a 1,900 square foot management office with no attributable Annual U/W Base Rent.
(5)Annual U/W Base Rent PSF excludes vacant space and a 1,900 management office with no attributable U/W Base Rent.

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties:

Lease Expiration Schedule(1)(2)

Year Ending
 December 31,
No. of
Leases Expiring
Expiring
NRSF
% of
Total
NRSF
Cumulative
Expiring
NRSF
Cumulative
% of Total
NRSF
Annual
U/W
Base Rent
% of Total
Annual
U/W Base
Rent
Annual
U/W
Base
Rent
PSF(3)
MTM 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2018 12 32,532 4.4% 32,532 4.4% $418,453 5.1% $12.86
2019 65 222,210 29.8% 254,742 34.2% $2,669,174 32.7% $12.01
2020 58 210,264 28.2% 465,006 62.4% $2,610,597 32.0% $12.42
2021 41 175,176 23.5% 640,182 85.9% $2,136,073 26.2% $12.19
2022 2 10,444 1.4% 650,626 87.3% $95,763 1.2% $9.17
2023 3 12,500 1.7% 663,126 88.9% $204,538 2.5% $16.36
2024 1 1,900 0.3% 665,026 89.2% $32,300 0.4% $17.00
2025 0 0 0.0% 665,026 89.2% $0 0.0% $0.00
2026 0 0 0.0% 665,026 89.2% $0 0.0% $0.00
2027 0 0 0.0% 665,026 89.2% $0 0.0% $0.00
2028 0 0 0.0% 665,026 89.2% $0 0.0% $0.00
Thereafter(4) 1 1,900 0.3% 666,926 89.4% $0 0.0% $0.00
Vacant 0 78,671 10.6% 745,597 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 183 745,597 100.0%     $8,166,898 100.0% $12.28

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.
(2)Certain tenants may have lease termination options that are exercisable prior to the originally stated expiration date of the subject lease and that are not considered in the Lease Expiration Schedule.
(3)Annual U/W Base Rent PSF excludes vacant space and a 1,900 square foot management office with no attributable U/W Base Rent.
(4)“Thereafter” includes a 1,900 square foot management office, which has no attributable Annual U/W Base Rent.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties:

 

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2014(1)

12/31/2015(1)

12/31/2016(1)

12/31/2017(1)

10/31/2018(2)(3)

90.4% 91.8% 91.3% 95.4% 89.4%

 

(1)Information obtained from the borrower.
(2)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.
(3)The recent decrease in occupancy is due to an approximately 20,000 square foot tenant vacating the property in March 2018. The tenant had a large refrigeration component, which the borrower has been remodeling the space since the tenant vacated and has been receiving indications of interest for the space upon completion.

 

 A-3-8 

 

 

MIAMI INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and underwritten net cash flow at the Miami Industrial Portfolio Property:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

   2015  2016  2017  TTM
9/30/2018
  U/W  % of U/W
Effective
Gross
Income
  U/W $ per
SF
Base Rent  $7,172,965   $7,678,091   $8,115,905   $8,101,768   $8,166,898   97.8%  $10.95   
Grossed Up Vacant Space  0   0   0   0   897,289   10.7   1.20   
Total Recoveries  75,858   85,246   29,041   165,760   92,318   1.1   0.12   
Other Income(1)  59,112   105,533   57,110   93,908   93,908   1.1   0.13   
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss  (120,539)   (173,626)   (155,657)   (103,770)   (897,289)(2)   (10.7)   (1.20)   
Effective Gross Income  $7,187,395   $7,695,244   $8,046,400   $8,257,666   $8,353,124   100.0%  $11.20   
                               
Total Operating Expenses  1,761,240   1,734,977   1,727,175   1,729,424   1,829,524   21.9%  2.45   
                               
Net Operating Income(3)  $5,426,154   $5,960,266   $6,319,225   $6,528,242   $6,523,600   78.1%  $8.75   
                               
TI/LC(4)  0   0   0   0   468,629   5.6   0.63   
Capital Expenditures  0   0   0   0   149,119   1.8   0.20   
Net Cash Flow  $5,426,154   $5,960,266   $6,319,225   $6,528,242   $5,905,852   70.7%  $7.92   
                               
NOI DSCR  1.63x   1.79x   1.89x   1.96x   1.95x           
NCF DSCR  1.63x   1.79x   1.89x   1.96x   1.77x           
NOI DY  8.2%   9.0%   9.6%   9.9%   9.9%           
NCF DY  8.2%   9.0%   9.6%   9.9%  8.9%           

 

(1)Other income consists of forfeited deposit income, keys/locks/card income, late fee income, NSF fee income, termination fee income, legal fees, bad debt collections, and other miscellaneous income.
(2)The underwritten economic vacancy is 9.9%. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties were 89.4% physically occupied as of October 31, 2018.
(3)2014 Net Operating Income was $4,629,899.

(4)U/W TI/LC is inclusive of a credit of $30,000 equal to 1/10th of the upfront TI/LC reserve of $300,000.

 

Appraisal. As of the appraisal valuation date of October 15, 2018, the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties had an “as-is” appraised value of $104,400,000.

 

Environmental Matters. According to the Phase I environmental site assessments dated October 24, 2018, there was no evidence of any recognized environmental conditions at the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties.

 

Market Overview and Competition. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties are located approximately one mile apart along 72nd Avenue in Miami, Florida. The Miami airport area is one of the most desirable and active industrial markets in the country due to the proximity to the airport and major expressway linkages. Within three-to-five miles of the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties are the Florida Turnpike, the Palmetto Expressway, and the Dolphin Expressway. The Florida Turnpike and the Palmetto Expressway are major north/south arteries providing access throughout western Miami-Dade County, as well as areas of Broward County further north. The Palmetto Expressway provides access to U.S. Highway 1 to the south and Interstate 75 to the north.

 

The Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties are located approximately 0.25 miles from the Miami International Airport. The Miami International Airport is America’s second busiest airport for international travelers with over 100 air carriers and is the top U.S. airport for international freight. The airport is an economic engine for Miami-Dade County, generating $33.7 billion of business revenue in the area annually. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties are also surrounded by other industrial parks, including the Miami Free Trade Zone, a 47-acre federal free trade zone comprised of 850,000 square feet of warehouses, executive offices, and showrooms and the Doral Marble and Tile District, an industrial/showroom warehouse district that is one of the largest collection of home remodeling and construction material retailers in the country. According to the appraisal, the estimated 2018 population within a one-, three- and five-mile radius of the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties was approximately 8,357, 114,502, and 511,191, respectively; while the 2018 estimated median household income within the same radii was $62,831, $39,524, and $40,482, respectively.

 

According to the appraisal, the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties are situated within the Airport West submarket of the Miami-Dade industrial market, one of the strongest industrial markets in the country. As of the third quarter of 2018, the Miami-Dade industrial market reported a total inventory of approximately 213.8 million square feet with a 3.7% vacancy rate and average asking rents of $7.73 per square foot. As of the third quarter of 2018, the Airport West industrial submarket reported a total inventory of approximately 69.4 million square feet with a 2.7% vacancy rate and an average asking rent of $8.56 per square foot. Additionally, the Airport West submarket and other smaller neighborhoods surrounding the Miami International Airport comprise the second largest employment center in Miami-Dade County after the Miami Central Business District.

 

 A-3-9 

 

 

MIAMI INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

 

The following tables present certain information relating to comparable industrial and retail/showroom leases to the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties:

 

Comparable Leases (Industrial)(1)

Property Name Property Type Tenant Name

Lease Start
Date/

Term

Lease
Area
(SF)
Annual
Base Rent
PSF
Lease Type
1424 NW 82nd Ave Industrial Confidential

Aug. 2018 /

1.9 Years

5,000 $11.75 Modified Gross
Beacon Centre – Bldg. 3 Industrial Confidential

Sep. 2018 /

4.1 Years

7,440 $11.50 Modified Gross
1701-2089 NW 87th Ave Industrial Confidential

Oct. 2018 /

3.0 Years

7,227 $11.50 Modified Gross
3399 NW 72nd Ave #118 Showroom Bocas Chicken Miami

Nov. 2016 /

5.4 Years

3,240 $27.58 Modified Gross
3399 NW 72nd Ave #118 Showroom Angel Hand Face and Body LLC

Mar. 2017 /

5.3 Years

1,320 $20.60 Modified Gross
8726 NW 26th Street Showroom Confidential

Jul. 2018 /

3.0 Years

1,786 $25.00 Modified Gross

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.

 

The Borrower. The borrowers are Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, Maiden Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, Smithridge Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, WEEG II Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, CH Miami Airport Industrial Equities LLC, and Miami Airport Exchange Equities LLC, six separate limited liability companies as tenants-in-common, each of which is a single purpose entity. All six tenants-in-common are affiliates of Time Equities, Inc. and are ultimately controlled by the sponsor. Legal counsel to the borrower delivered a non-consolidation opinion in connection with the origination of the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan. Francis Greenburger is the guarantor of certain nonrecourse carveouts under the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan.

 

The Borrower Sponsor. The borrower sponsor is Francis Greenburger, the founder and Chief Executive Officer of Time Equities, Inc. Founded in 1966, Time Equities, Inc. currently has a portfolio of approximately 31.1 million square feet of residential, industrial, office, and retail property, with an additional 1.4 million square feet of properties in development and pre-development phases. Time Equities, Inc. holds properties in 30 states, five Canadian provinces, Germany, the Netherlands and Anguilla, with high concentrations in the Northeast, Southeast, Midwest, and West Coast of the United States. Francis Greenburger has been a subject of defaults, deeds-in-lieu of foreclosure, restructurings, and one partnership bankruptcy dating back to the savings and loan crisis in the 1990s. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool – Loan Purpose; Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

Escrows. The loan documents provide for upfront escrows in the amount of $115,875 for real estate taxes, $300,000 for future tenant improvements and leasing commissions, and $97,587 for outstanding TI/LC obligations. The loan documents also provide for ongoing monthly escrows in an amount equal to $57,937 for real estate taxes, $31,067 for tenant improvements and leasing commissions (subject to a cap of $300,000) and $12,427 for capital expenditures. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan documents do not require monthly escrows for insurance premiums as long as (i) the blanket insurance policy required under the documents and maintained by the borrower is in full force and effect and (ii) the borrower delivers to the lender within 15 days prior to the expiration of the blanket insurance policy, the certificates of insurance evidencing coverage accompanied by evidence of payment of the insurance premiums due under the policy.

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. A springing lockbox is required with respect to the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties. The springing lockbox will be established upon the occurrence of a Cash Management Trigger Event (as defined below). During the occurrence of a Cash Management Trigger Event, the Miami Industrial Portfolio Borrowers will deliver a tenant instruction notice to each tenant instructing them to make all rents payable to the lockbox account, and all rents received by the borrower or the property manager to be deposited into the lockbox account within two business days of receipt. All funds in the lockbox account are required to be swept each business day into the cash management account controlled by the lender and disbursed on each payment date in accordance with the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan documents, with all excess cash flow to be deposited to an excess cash flow reserve to be held as an additional security for the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan.

 

A “Cash Management Trigger Event” will commence upon the earlier of the following:

 

(i)the occurrence of an event of default under the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan documents beyond any applicable grace period;

 

(ii)the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan debt service coverage ratio based on the trailing 12-month period being less than 1.15x as of the last day of the calendar quarter; or

 

(iii)the borrower or guarantor becoming insolvent or filing for bankruptcy.

 

A Cash Management Trigger Event will end upon the occurrence of the following:

 

(x)with regard to clause (i) above, the cure of such event of default;

 

(y)with regard to clause (ii) above, the Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan debt service coverage ratio based upon the trailing 12-month period being greater than 1.20x for two consecutive calendar quarters;

 

(z)with regard to clause (iii) above, such bankruptcy action being discharged, stayed, or dismissed within 60 days.

 

 A-3-10 

 

 

MIAMI INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

 

Property Management. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties are managed by Pointe Group Management, Inc., a commercial real estate property management firm and a subsidiary of Colliers International Group Inc. Colliers International Group Inc. is one of the world’s largest real estate services and investment management companies, with 2017 corporate revenues of $2.3 billion.

 

Assumption. The Miami Industrial Portfolio borrowers have the right to transfer the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties, provided that certain other conditions are satisfied, including, but not limited to: (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (ii) the lender’s reasonable determination that the proposed transferee and guarantor satisfy the lender’s credit review and underwriting standards, taking into consideration transferee experience, financial strength and general business standing; and (iii) if requested by the lender, rating agency confirmation that the transfer will not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the respective ratings assigned to the Series WFCM 2018-C48 certificates.

 

Partial Release. Not permitted.

 

Real Estate Substitution. Not permitted.

 

Subordinate and Mezzanine Indebtedness. Not permitted.

 

Ground Lease. None.

 

Terrorism Insurance. The Miami Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan documents require that the “all risk” insurance policies required to be maintained by the borrower provide coverage for terrorism in an amount equal to the full replacement cost of the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties, as well as business interruption insurance covering no less than the 18-month period following the occurrence of a casualty event, together with a 12-month extended period of indemnity. At the time of closing, the Miami Industrial Portfolio Properties had windstorm insurance coverage in place.

 

 A-3-11 

 

 

SHERATON GRAND NASHVILLE DOWNTOWN

 

(GRAPHIC) 

 

 A-3-12 

 

 

SHERATON GRAND NASHVILLE DOWNTOWN

 

(MAP) 

 

 A-3-13 

 

 

No. 2 – Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Single Asset
  Property Type: Hospitality
Original Principal Balance(1): $60,000,000   Specific Property Type: Full Service
Cut-off Date Balance(1): $60,000,000   Location: Nashville, TN
% of Initial Pool Balance: 7.2%   Size: 482 Rooms
Loan Purpose: Refinance   Cut-off Date Balance Per Room(1): $331,950
Borrower Name: Nashville Hospitality, LLC   Year Built/Renovated: 1975 / 2017
Borrower Sponsor: James M. Lippman; JRK-Holdings, Limited Partnership   Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 5.035%   Property Manager: Self-managed
Note Date: October 4, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): NAV
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 77.8% (12/31/2015)
Maturity Date: October 6, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 77.9% (12/31/2016)
IO Period: 120 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 79.5% (12/31/2017)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 79.8% (8/31/2018)
Seasoning: 2 months      
Amortization Term (Original): NAP    
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Balloon   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   4th Most Recent NOI (As of): $17,997,162 (12/31/2015)
Call Protection: L(26),D(88),O(6)   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of): $19,940,428 (12/31/2016)
Lockbox Type: Hard/Springing Cash Management   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of): $21,577,133 (12/31/2017)
Additional Debt(1): Yes   Most Recent NOI (As of): $22,384,613 (TTM 8/31/2018)
Additional Debt Type(1): Pari Passu   U/W Revenues: $49,212,571
      U/W Expenses: $27,006,315
      U/W NOI: $22,206,255
      U/W NCF: $20,237,752
          U/W NOI DSCR(1): 2.72x
          U/W NCF DSCR(1): 2.48x
          U/W NOI Debt Yield(1): 13.9%
Escrows and Reserves(2):         U/W NCF Debt Yield(1): 12.6%
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   As-Is Appraised Value(3): $276,500,000
Taxes $1,166,485 $129,609 NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: September 13, 2018
Insurance $0 Springing NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(1): 57.9%
FF&E $1,000,000 $164,042 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD(1): 57.9%
               
(1)The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Mortgage Loan (as defined below) is part of the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan (as defined below), which consists of eight pari passu notes with an aggregate original principal balance of $160,000,000. The Cut-off Date Balance per Room, U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, U/W NCF DSCR, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD numbers presented are based on the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan (as defined below).
(2)See “Escrows” section.
(3)The appraised value represents the aggregate value of the hotel component and parking garage which are $253,450,000 and $23,050,000, respectively.

  

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Mortgage Loan”) is part of a whole loan (the “Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan”), which is evidenced by eight pari passu promissory notes (Notes A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, A-7 and A-8) and secured by a first mortgage encumbering the fee interest of a 482-room full-service hotel property located in Nashville, Tennessee (the “Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property”). The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan was originated on October 4, 2018 by Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan had an original principal balance of $160,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $160,000,000 and accrues interest at a rate of 5.035% per annum. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 118 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires interest-only payments through the term of the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan matures on October 6, 2028. 

 

The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Mortgage Loan, which is evidenced by the controlling Note A-2 and non-controlling Notes A-5 and A-7 and will be contributed to the Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48, had an aggregate original principal balance of $60,000,000 and has an aggregate outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $60,000,000. The non-controlling Note A-1, which had an original principal balance of $30,000,000, is expected to be contributed to the CSAIL 2018-C14 Commercial Mortgage Trust. The non-controlling Notes A-3, A-4, A-6 and A-8, which had an aggregate original principal balance of $70,000,000 are currently held by Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC and are expected to be contributed to a future securitization trust or trusts. The lender provides no assurances that any non-securitized pari passu notes will not be split further. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool-The Whole Loans-The Serviced Whole Loans” in the Preliminary Prospectus.  

 

 A-3-14 

 

 

SHERATON GRAND NASHVILLE DOWNTOWN

 

Note Summary(1)

 

Notes Original Principal Balance   Note Holder Controlling Interest
A-1 $30,000,000   CSAIL 2018-C14 No
A-2 30,000,000   WFCM 2018-C48 Yes
A-3 25,000,000   Argentic Real Estate Finance, LLC No
A-4 25,000,000   Argentic Real Estate Finance, LLC No
A-5 20,000,000   WFCM 2018-C48 No
A-6 15,000,000   Argentic Real Estate Finance, LLC No
A-7 10,000,000   WFCM 2018-C48 No
A-8 5,000,000   Argentic Real Estate Finance, LLC No
Total $160,000,000      

 

(1)The lender provides no assurances that any non-securitized pari passu note will not be split further.

 

Following the lockout period, the borrower has the right to defease the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan in whole, or in part, on any date before May 6, 2028. In addition, the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after May 6, 2028. The lockout period will expire on the earlier to occur of (i) two years after the closing date of the securitization that includes the last note to be securitized and (ii) October 4, 2022.

 

Sources and Uses

 

Sources         Uses      
Original loan amount(1) $160,000,000   100.0%   Loan payoff $58,467,202      36.5%
          Return of equity(1) 98,529,336   61.6
          Reserves 2,166,485     1.4
          Closing costs 836,977     0.5
Total Sources $160,000,000   100.0%   Total Uses $160,000,000       100.0%

 

(1)The borrower sponsors have owned the property since 2012 and have invested approximately $36.2 million in upgrades to the property since acquisition. Since acquisition, the net cash flow at the property increased from approximately $7.2 million to $20.4 million as of TTM August 2018.

 

The Property. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property is a 482-key, full-service hotel property with an adjacent parking garage located in downtown Nashville, Tennessee on a 1.1-acre site. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property was originally constructed in 1975 as a Hyatt hotel and reportedly operated as a Crowne Plaza hotel prior to its conversion to a Sheraton flagged hotel in 1999/2000. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property was subsequently renovated between 2014 and 2017. In 2014, all guestrooms and most public areas were completely renovated. The Skye meeting room and ballroom, located on the top floor and offering a 360-degree view of Nashville, were added in early 2017. The total cost of the renovations was $36,200,000, or $75,104 per room. Post renovations, the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property received the Sheraton Grand designation (an elite classification for full service hotels in the Sheraton brand) in 2017 and is one of five Sheraton Grand hotels in the United States. The hotel offers 482 guestrooms, a restaurant, a lounge, an indoor pool, a fitness center, a business center, a sundry shop, and approximately 23,554 SF of dedicated meeting space. The 482 guestrooms are located on floors 3 through 25 and include 475 standard king or double-double rooms, six executive or one-bedroom suites, and a presidential suite. All rooms feature Sheraton’s Sweet Sleeper Bed, wired and wireless high speed Internet access, oversized work desks, LCD televisions, and in-room movies. The 24th floor contains a two-bay Sheraton Club lounge.

 

The top floor of the hotel was formerly a revolving restaurant that was converted to a bar and meeting room called Skye in 2017. Skye is open nightly for cocktails. The 23,554 SF meeting space is spread amongst 10 rooms, the largest of which is 10,680 SF. A 455-space, eight-level parking garage is located adjacent to and attached to the hotel. Parking is operated under a short term parking agreement with a local parking/valet company. Currently, parking rates for guests are $39.00 for overnight valet or self-parking. As of the trailing twelve months ending August 31, 2018, parking revenue totaled $2.3 million.

 

The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property’s main entrance is along Union Street, with primary entrance to the parking structure along 7th Avenue North across a large park (Legislative Plaza) from the state capitol. The neighborhood is dominated by government buildings, most notably the Tennessee State Capitol. The surrounding buildings include the Military Branch Museum, Tennessee Performing Arts Center, Nashville Public Library, and a number of office buildings.

 

 A-3-15 

 

 

SHERATON GRAND NASHVILLE DOWNTOWN

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and underwritten net cash flow at the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

  2015(1) 2016(1) 2017(1) TTM 8/31/2018(1) U/W % of U/W Total Revenue U/W $ per Room
Occupancy 77.8% 77.9% 79.5% 79.8% 79.8%    
ADR $211.27 $241.40 $240.40 $236.45 $236.45    
RevPAR $164.36 $188.15 $191.12 $188.58 $188.58    
               
Room Revenue $28,916,672 $33,191,112 $33,622,909 $33,176,739 $33,176,739 67.4% $68,831
F&B Revenue(2) 7,433,620 8,487,011 10,505,293 11,426,423 11,426,423 23.2    23,706
Parking Revenue 2,263,076 2,275,618 2,267,665 2,285,149 2,285,149 4.6    4,741
Other Revenue(3)

1,651,253

1,395,596

1,994,595

2,324,260

2,324,260

4.7   

4,822

Total Revenue $40,264,621 $45,349,337 $48,390,462 $49,212,571 $49,212,571

100.0%

$102,101
               
Total Department Expenses 10,402,618 12,214,935 12,980,312 13,014,677 13,014,677

26.4   

27,001

Gross Operating Profit $29,862,003 $33,134,402 $35,410,150 $36,197,894 $36,197,894 73.6% $75,099
               
Total Undistributed Expenses

10,782,355

12,057,580

$12,139,625

$11,977,935

$12,082,854

24.6  

25,068

Profit Before Fixed Charges $19,079,648 $21,076,822 $23,270,525 $24,219,959 $24,115,040 49.0% 50,031
               
Total Fixed Charges

1,082,486

1,136,394

1,693,392

1,835,346

1,908,785

3.9   

3,960

               
Net Operating Income $17,997,162 $19,940,428 $21,577,133 $22,384,613 $22,206,255 45.1% $46,071
FF&E

1,610,585

1,813,973

1,935,618

1,968,503

1,968,503

4.0   

4,084

Net Cash Flow $16,386,577 $18,126,455 $19,641,515 $20,416,110 $20,237,752 41.1% $41,987
               
NOI DSCR(4) 2.20x 2.44x 2.64x 2.74x 2.72x    
NCF DSCR(4) 2.01x 2.22x 2.40x 2.50x 2.48x    
NOI DY(4) 11.2% 12.5% 13.5% 14.0% 13.9%    
NCF DY(4) 10.2% 11.3% 12.3% 12.8% 12.6%    
               

 

(1)The borrower sponsors have owned the property since 2012 and invested approximately $36.2 million since acquisition in upgrades to the property. Since acquisition, the net cash flow at the property increased from approximately $7.2 million to $20.4 million as of TTM August 2018.
(2)Food and Beverage Revenue accounts for approximately 23.2% of U/W Total Revenue.
(3)Other Revenue includes parking expense and Information and Telecom Systems expense.
(4)The debt service coverage ratios and debt yields are based on the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan.

 

Appraisal. As of the appraisal valuation date of September 13, 2018, the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property had an “as-is” appraised value of $276,500,000.

 

Environmental Matters. According to the Phase I environmental report dated September 25, 2018, there was no evidence of any recognized environmental conditions at the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property.

 

Market Overview and Competition. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property is located in Nashville, Tennessee in the downtown Nashville area. Nashville is home to a variety of industries and companies, making for a relatively diverse economy. According to the appraisal, leading employment sectors in the Nashville metropolitan statistical area include professional and business services (16.3% of total employment), education and health services (15.3%), government (11.9%), leisure & hospitality services (11.3%) and retail trade (10.1%). Furthermore, according to the Nashville Convention & Visitors Corp, Nashville welcomed an estimated 14.5 million visitors in 2017, a 4.6% increase over 2016’s previous record of 13.9 million visitors. This represented the ninth consecutive year of positive year-over-year growth in visitor volume since 2008, at a compound growth rate of 5.8%. Furthermore, according to a third party report, the population in the Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin MSA increased by a compound annual rate of 2.0% from 2012 through 2017. As of February 2018, Nashville had an unemployment rate of 2.7%, the U.S.’s lowest unemployment rate for cities greater than 1 million people according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

 

The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property offers a convenient location in downtown Nashville, proximate to the Tennessee State Capitol and numerous government office buildings and within walking distance of the Nashville Music City Center (city convention center), Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, Bridgestone Arena and Broadway, the main thoroughfare through downtown Nashville. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property is across the street from the Tennessee State Capitol, including Legislative Plaza and the Tennessee Performing Arts Center. Additionally, a new $195 million federal courthouse is currently under construction one block south of the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property (south of Church Street). The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property is also proximate to Capitol View, which is a 32-acre mixed-use development located in the North Gulch area of downtown just west of the Tennessee State Capitol and will include 1.1 million SF of office space, 130,000 SF of specialty retail and restaurants, 378 upscale multi-family apartment units, a 2.5-acre urban activity park and community space and jogging and bike trails connected to the Nashville Greenway system. 

 

According to a third party report, the Downtown submarket (where the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property is located) has over 9.4 million square feet of office space as of the second quarter of 2018 with a total vacancy rate of 8.9% and approximately 1.0 million square feet under construction. Recent major employment announcements for Nashville includes Amazon, which reportedly will be putting an operations center in downtown Nashville, and announced that it anticipates bringing 5,000 employees housed in one

 

 A-3-16 

 

 

SHERATON GRAND NASHVILLE DOWNTOWN

 

million square feet of office space, $230 million in investments and an estimated incremental tax revenue of more than $1 billion over to Nashville the next 10 years (based on various news outlets). AllianceBernstein Holding LP also announced in May 2018 that it will be relocating its headquarters to the central business district in Nashville with a total expected headcount of 1,050 by 2022. Additionally, Cherry Bekaert, which in 2017 bought Frazier Dean & Howard to enter the Nashville market, signed a long-term lease to take a section of the 12th floor at 222 2nd Avenue South. Cherry Bekaert is expected to relocate all employees from the current West End Avenue location in the 4th quarter of 2018. In early 2018, Asurion, a global technology company, announced that it would create 400 information technology jobs as it consolidates operations into a new corporate headquarters in downtown Nashville, with the construction of a new office to begin in the first quarter of 2019 and open in the third quarter of 2021.

 

The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property’s demand segmentation is 47.0% meeting and group, 25.0% commercial, and 28.0% leisure versus market demand segmentation of 41.6% meeting and group, 31.1% commercial, and 27.3% leisure. Meeting and group demand is primarily generated by corporate groups that visit the area. Additional demand is generated by youth sports teams that travel to the area for various tournaments and sports fields. Commercial demand is generated by headquarters and large regional offices, especially in the professional & business services and health care industries. Additionally, the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property currently accommodates airline crew business from United Airlines and British Airlines. Other top clientele include Deloitte, PricewaterhouseCoopers, KPMG, Accenture, Ernst & Young, Google, and Bank of America. Leisure demand is generated by leisure attractions in the immediate downtown area, including the Country Music Hall of Fame & Museum, Bridgestone Arena, Ryman Auditorium and The Johnny Cash Museum & Café, among others. 

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property’s competitive set:

 

Subject and Market Historical Occupancy, ADR and RevPAR

 

Competitive Set(1)

Sheraton Grand Downtown
Nashville(2)

Penetration Factor

Year

Occupancy

ADR

RevPAR

Occupancy

ADR

RevPAR

Occupancy

ADR

RevPAR

TTM(3) 86.1% $243.89 $209.89 79.8% $236.45 $188.58 92.7% 96.9% 89.8%
2017 85.5% $245.05 $209.44 79.5% $240.40 $191.12 93.0% 98.1% 91.2%
2016 84.3% $239.33 $201.82 77.9% $241.40 $188.15 92.4% 100.9%   93.2%
2015 82.5% $224.16 $185.03 77.8% $211.27 $164.36 94.3% 94.2% 88.8%

 

(1)Information obtained from third party hospitality research reports from July 2018. The competitive set includes the following hotels: Renaissance Nashville Hotel, Holiday Inn Express Nashville Downtown Conference Center, Hilton Nashville Downtown, Hotel Indigo Nashville and Hyatt Place Nashville Downtown.
(2)Information obtained from the borrower's financials.
(3)The TTM represents the trailing twelve month period ending July 31, 2018 for the Competitive Set and the trailing twelve month period ending August 31, 2018 for the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property.

 

The Borrower. The borrower is Nashville Hospitality, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and special purpose entity. The borrowing entity is 99.99%-owned by individual investor members and no single individual investor member directly or indirectly owns 20% or more of the interests. The remaining 0.01% interest is primarily owned by James M. Lippman.

 

The Borrower Sponsors. The borrower sponsors and nonrecourse carve-out guarantors are JRK-Holdings, Limited Partnership, and James M. Lippman. James M. Lippman is the founder, Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer at JRK Property Holdings (“JRK”), which he founded in 1991. JRK currently owns and operates over $6.0 billion in real estate and has been recognized by both the National Multi-Housing Council and Multifamily Executive Magazine as one of the largest multifamily owners and managers in the United States. In addition to JRK’s presence in the multifamily sector, JRK Hotel Group, the hotel management subsidiary of JRK Property Holdings, is involved in the hospitality market as well, with a portfolio of luxury boutiques and flag hotels in Manhattan, Santa Monica, San Francisco, Portland and Nashville. The borrower sponsors have been in several mortgage loan defaults, which resulted in foreclosure or deed-in-lieu. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool – Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

Escrows. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan documents provide for upfront reserves in the amount of $1,000,000 for FF&E and $1,166,485 for real estate taxes. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan documents also provide for ongoing monthly reserves of $129,609 for real estate taxes, $164,042 for FF&E, and $28,989 for insurance during the occurrence of (i) event of default and (ii) borrower fails to maintain and deliver a blanket insurance policy.

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. A hard lockbox is in place with respect to the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan has springing cash management that will be opened upon the occurrence of a Cash Management Period. The borrower is required to cause all rents including, without limitation, all credit card company payments, to be transmitted directly into the applicable lockbox account. During the continuance of a Cash Management Period (as defined below), all funds in the lockbox account are required to be swept daily to a cash management account under the control of the lender and disbursed during each interest period of the term of the loan in accordance with the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan documents.

 

A “Cash Management Period” will commence upon (i) an event of default under the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan documents; or (ii) the failure by the borrower, as of the end of two consecutive calendar quarters, to maintain a debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.50x; and will end, with respect to clause (i) above, once the event of default has been cured and with respect to clause (ii) above, once the debt service coverage ratio has been at least 1.50x for at least two consecutive calendar quarters. The borrower has the right at any time to deliver to the lender either cash or an acceptable letter of credit in an amount that, when applied to reduce the then-outstanding principal, would cause the debt service coverage ratio to be at least equal to 1.50x (such amount, the “Minimum DSCR Maintenance Amount”) in order to avoid or end a Cash Management Period.

 

 A-3-17 

 

 

SHERATON GRAND NASHVILLE DOWNTOWN

 

The borrower has the right, three times during the term of the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan, to request that the lender apply funds in the cash collateral account (other than any minimum DSCR maintenance amount then on deposit) to any debt service shortfall.

 

Property Management. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property is managed by an affiliate of the borrower sponsors. 

 

Assumption. The borrower has an unlimited right to transfer the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property, provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (ii) the lender has reasonably determined that the proposed transferee and guarantor satisfy the lender’s credit review and underwriting standards, taking into consideration the transferee’s experience, financial strength and general business standing; and (iii) if required by the lender, rating agency confirmation has been obtained from KBRA, Fitch and Moody’s that the transfer will not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the respective ratings assigned to the Series WFCM 2018-C48 certificates.

 

Partial Release. Not permitted

 

Real Estate Substitution. Not permitted.

 

Subordinate and Mezzanine Indebtedness. Not permitted

 

Ground Lease. None

 

Terrorism Insurance. The Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Borrower is required to obtain and maintain property insurance, commercial general liability insurance and business interruption insurance that covers acts of terrorism in an amount determined by the lender in its sole discretion (but not to exceed the full replacement cost of the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Property and 18-months of business interruption insurance), provided that if the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015 or any extension thereof or substantially similar program is in effect, the Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan documents provide for an annual terrorism premium cap of two times the cost of the annual premiums for property and business interruption insurance required under the related Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown Whole Loan documents.

 A-3-18 

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) 

 

 A-3-19 

 

 

Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio

 

(GRAPHIC)

 

 A-3-20 

 

 

Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio

 

(map)

 

 A-3-21 

 

 

No. 3 – Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Wells Fargo Bank, National Association   Single Asset/Portfolio: Portfolio
  Property Type: Retail
Original Principal Balance: $40,000,000   Specific Property Type: Single Tenant
Cut-off Date Balance: $40,000,000   Location: Various – See Table
% of Initial Pool Balance: 4.8%   Size: 87,049 SF
Loan Purpose(1): Refinance/Acquisition  

Cut-off Date

Balance Per SF:

$459.51
Borrower Name(2): Various   Year Built/Renovated: Various – See Table
Borrower Sponsor: Morton Ginsberg   Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 5.250%   Property Manager: Self-managed
Note Date: November 16, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/31/2014)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/31/2015)
Maturity Date: December 11, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy(As of): 100.0% (12/31/2016)
IO Period: 0 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/31/2017)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/1/2018)
Seasoning: 0 months    
Amortization Term (Original): 360 months   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Amortizing Balloon      
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   4th Most Recent NOI: NAV
Call Protection: L(24),GRTR 1% or YM(92),O(4)   3rd Most Recent NOI: NAV
Lockbox Type: Springing   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of): $3,351,000 (12/31/2016)
Additional Debt: None   Most Recent NOI (As of): $3,351,000 (12/31/2017)
Additional Debt Type: NAP    
      U/W Revenues: $3,351,000
          U/W Expenses: $0
          U/W NOI: $3,351,000
          U/W NCF: $3,351,000
          U/W NOI DSCR: 1.26x
Escrows and Reserves(3):         U/W NCF DSCR: 1.26x
          U/W NOI Debt Yield: 8.4%
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NCF Debt Yield: 8.4%
Taxes $0 Springing NAP   As-Is Appraised Value(4): $56,905,000
Insurance $0 Springing NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date(4): Various – See Table
Replacement Reserves $0 Springing NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio: 70.3%
Leasing Reserve $0 Springing NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD: 58.3%
             

 

(1)Proceeds from the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan (as defined below) were used to refinance five properties and acquire the Walgreens – Laredo, TX property.

(2)The borrower comprises six limited liability companies. See “The Borrowers” section.

(3)See “Escrows” section.

(4)See “Appraisal” section.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note that is secured by a first mortgage encumbering the fee interest in a portfolio of six single-tenant Walgreens properties located in six states (the “Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties”). The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan was originated on November 16, 2018 by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association. The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan had an original principal balance of $40,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $40,000,000 and accrues interest at an interest rate of 5.250% per annum. The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 120 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires payments of principal and interest based on a 30-year amortization schedule. The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan matures on December 11, 2028.

 

Following January 11, 2021, the borrower has the right to prepay the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan in whole, or in part (see ”Partial Release” section), on any day upon payment of a yield maintenance premium, provided that no prepayment will be payable on or after September 11, 2028.

 

 A-3-22 

 

 

Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio

 

Sources and Uses

 

Sources         Uses    
Original loan amount $40,000,000   93.6%   Loan payoff (five properties)(1) $34,333,987 80.4%
Borrower cash equity 2,725,230   6.4     Purchase price (Walgreens – Laredo, TX)(1) 7,785,714 18.2
          Closing costs 605,530 1.4
Total Sources $42,725,230   100.0%   Total Uses $42,725,230 100.0%

 

(1)The proceeds of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan were used to refinance five properties and acquire one property.

 

The Properties. The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties comprise six single tenant Walgreens properties totaling 87,049 rentable square feet located in six states: Georgia, Maryland, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Texas and Virginia. Built between 2008 and 2010, the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties range in size from 14,110 square feet to 14,820 square feet and were 100.0% occupied by Walgreens as of December 1, 2018.

 

Walgreens is one of the largest drugstore chains in the U.S., with approximately 9,560 stores located in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, as of August 31, 2018. In December 2014, Walgreens completed its strategic merger with Alliance Boots to establish Walgreens Boots Alliance, Inc. (“WBA”) (NASDAQ: WBA; rated BBB/Baa2/BBB by Fitch/Moody’s/S&P) and is now part of the Retail Pharmacy USA division of WBA. In March 2018, WBA acquired 1,932 Rite Aid stores for approximately $4.2 billion.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties:

 

Property Name – Location Allocated Cut-off Date Balance % of Portfolio Cut-off Date Balance Occupancy Year Built/ Renovated Net Rentable Area (SF) Appraised Value Allocated LTV
Walgreens – Alexandria, VA $9,311,000 23.3% 100.0% 2008/NAP 14,469  $13,000,000 71.6%
Walgreens – Atlanta, GA $6,744,000 16.9% 100.0% 2010/NAP 14,110  $9,825,000 68.6%
Walgreens – Burlington, NC $6,506,000 16.3% 100.0% 2008/NAP 14,550  $9,080,000 71.7%
Walgreens – Franklin, MA $6,147,000 15.4% 100.0% 2010/NAP 14,550  $8,200,000 75.0%
Walgreens – Chester, MD $6,088,000 15.2% 100.0% 2010/NAP 14,550  $8,900,000 68.4%
Walgreens – Laredo, TX $5,204,000 13.0% 100.0% 2008/NAP 14,820  $7,900,000 65.9%
Total/Weighted Average $40,000,000 100.0% 100.0%   87,049 $56,905,000 70.3%

 

The following table presents certain information relating to tenancy at the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties:

 

Major Tenant

 

Tenant Name Credit Rating
(Fitch/
Moody’s/S&P)
Tenant NRSF % of
NRSF
Annual U/W Base Rent PSF Annual
U/W Base Rent
% of Total Annual U/W Base Rent Lease
Expiration
Date
               
Major Tenant          
Walgreens BBB/Baa2/BBB(1) 87,049(2) 100.0%(2) $38.50(2) $3,351,000(2) 100.0%(2) Various(2)
             
Vacant Space 0 0.0%        
             
Collateral Total 87,049 100.0%        
               

 

(1)The entity on the lease for the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties is Walgreen Co., which is the rated entity.

(2)The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties have lease expiration dates from 2083 through 2095, and each lease contains a termination option occurring in 2033 through 2035. See “Lease Detail” table for property level information.

 

 A-3-23 

 

 

Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the leases at the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties:

 

Lease Detail

 

Property Name – Location Tenant NRSF % of Portfolio NRSF Annual U/W Base Rent PSF Annual U/W Base Rent % of Portfolio U/W Base Rent Lease Start Date Termination Option Date(1) Lease Expiration Date
Walgreens – Alexandria, VA 14,469 16.6% $53.91 $780,000 23.3% 10/27/2008 10/31/2033 10/31/2083
Walgreens – Atlanta, GA 14,110 16.2% $40.04 $565,000 16.9% 3/8/2010 3/31/2035 3/31/2095
Walgreens – Burlington, NC 14,550 16.7% $37.46 $545,000 16.3% 12/1/2008 11/30/2033 11/30/2083
Walgreens – Franklin, MA 14,550 16.7% $35.40 $515,000 15.4% 1/25/2010 1/31/2035 1/31/2085
Walgreens – Chester, MD 14,550 16.7% $35.05 $510,000 15.2% 4/19/2010 4/30/2035 4/30/2085
Walgreens – Laredo, TX 14,820 17.0% $29.42 $436,000 13.0% 4/6/2009 4/30/2034 4/30/2084
Total/Weighted Average 87,049 100.0% $38.50 $3,351,000 100.0%      

 

(1)The Walgreens leases have 75 to 85 year terms with termination options following the initial 25 years of the lease, each with a required notice period of 12 months.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule(1)

 

Year Ending
December 31,
No. of Leases Expiring Expiring NRSF % of Total NRSF Cumulative Expiring NRSF Cumulative % of Total NRSF Annual U/W Base Rent % of Total Annual U/W Base Rent Annual U/W Base Rent PSF
MTM 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2018 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2019 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2020 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2021 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2022 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2023 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2024 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2025 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2026 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2027 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2028 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Thereafter 6 87,049 100.0% 87,049 100.0% $3,351,000 100.0% $38.50
Vacant 0 0 0.0% 87,049 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 6 87,049 100.0%     $3,351,000 100.0% $38.50

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2014(1)

12/31/2015(1)

12/31/2016(1)

12/31/2017(1)

12/1/2018(2)

100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

 

(1)Information obtained from the leases.

(2)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

 

 A-3-24 

 

 

Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and underwritten net cash flow at the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties:

 

Cash Flow Analysis(1)

 

  2016 2017 U/W % of U/W Effective Gross Income U/W $ per
SF
Base Rent $3,351,000 $3,351,000 $3,351,000 100.0% $38.50
Grossed Up Vacant Space 0 0 0 0.0 0.00
Total Reimbursables(2) 0 0 0 0.0 0.00
Other Income 0 0 0 0.0 0.00
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss

0

0

0(3)

(0.0)

(0.00)

Effective Gross Income $3,351,000 $3,351,000 $3,351,000 100.0% $38.50
           
Total Operating Expenses $0 $0 $0 0.0% $0.00
 

 

 

 

 

 

 Net Operating Income $3,351,000 $3,351,000 $3,351,000 100.0% $38.50
TI/LC 0 0 0 0.0 0.00
Capital Expenditures

0

0

0

0.0

0.00

 Net Cash Flow $3,351,000 $3,351,000 $3,351,000 100.0% $38.50
           
NOI DSCR 1.26x 1.26x 1.26x    
NCF DSCR 1.26x 1.26x 1.26x    
NOI DY 8.4% 8.4% 8.4%    
NCF DY 8.4% 8.4% 8.4%    

 

(1)Operating history prior to 2016 is not available.

(2)Reimbursements are not included as the tenants are responsible for paying for real estate taxes, insurance premiums and CAM expenses directly.

(3)The underwritten economic vacancy is 0.0%. The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties were 100.0% physically occupied as of December 1, 2018.

 

Appraisals. As of the appraisal valuation dates ranging from October 11, 2018 to October 21, 2018, the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties had an aggregate “as-is” appraised value of $56,905,000.

 

Environmental Matters. According to the Phase I environmental reports dated December 8, 2017 and October 24, 2018, there was no evidence of any recognized environmental conditions at any of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties.

 

Market Overview and Competition. The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties are located in six states. Within a five-mile radius of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties, the average estimated population and average household income are 168,682 and $103,655, respectively (see table below). The respective submarkets of each of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties reported an average vacancy rate of approximately 3.9% as of year-to-date November 2018.

 

The following table presents certain demographic information with respect to the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties:

 

Demographic Summary(1)

 

Property

2017 Population

(within one- ,three- , five-mile radius)

2017 Average Household Income

(within one- ,three- , five-mile radius)

Walgreens – Alexandria, VA 19,969, 127,525, 366,642 $115,018, $140,007, $132,518
Walgreens – Atlanta, GA 17,711, 143,119, 347,873 $89,865, $108,666, $113,900
Walgreens – Burlington, NC 6,215, 45,158, 89,623 $78,670, $66,100, $57,495
Walgreens – Franklin, MA 9,440, 33,098, 68,160 $111,137, $138,526, $141,377
Walgreens – Chester, MD 2,631, 11,944, 17,109 $108,927, $111,709, $113,376
Walgreens – Laredo, TX 11,586, 81,146, 178,344 $95,862, $84,109, $63,266
     
(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.

 

The following table presents certain submarket information with respect to the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties:

 

Submarket Summary(1)

 

Property Name – Location Submarket YTD Nov. 2018 Retail Inventory (SF) YTD Nov. 2018 Vacancy Rate Actual In-Place Rental Rate PSF Appraiser’s Concluded Market Rate PSF
Walgreens – Alexandria, VA Huntington/Mt. Vernon 4,204,409 1.8% $53.91 $54.00
Walgreens – Atlanta, GA Northlake/I-85 7,597,360 5.8% $40.04 $40.00
Walgreens – Burlington, NC West Burlington/Airport 5,249,518 4.4% $37.46 $37.46
Walgreens – Franklin, MA I-95 Corridor South 9,389,783 3.1% $35.40 $37.50
Walgreens – Chester, MD Queen Anne’s County 2,499,928 4.2% $35.05 $35.00
Walgreens – Laredo, TX Laredo(2) 11,046,008(2) 4.0%(2) $29.42 $29.42

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal and third party market research reports.

(2)Submarket data was unavailable for the Walgreens – Laredo, TX Property. Figures for the greater Laredo market are included.

 

The Borrowers. The borrowers are MLG Alexandria LLC, MLG Atlanta LLC; MLG Burlington LLC, MLG Holding 160 East Central Street LLC, MLG Chester LLC, and MLG Laredo LLC (collectively, the “Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Borrower”), each a single-purpose

 

 A-3-25 

 

 

Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio

 

Delaware (or solely in the case of MLG Holding 160 East Central Street LLC, a Massachusetts) limited liability company structured to be bankruptcy remote with one independent director. Legal counsel to the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Borrower delivered a non-consolidation opinion in connection with the origination of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan. Morton Ginsberg is the guarantor of certain nonrecourse carveouts under the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan.

 

The Borrower Sponsor. The borrower sponsor and non-recourse carveout guarantor is Morton Ginsberg. Mr. Ginsberg is a real estate investor and former real estate attorney. In addition to the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties, Mr. Ginsberg owns an apartment project in Jersey City, New Jersey; a 45.0% interest in an apartment development located in Florida; and a 46.0% interest in an apartment/retail development located in Boca Raton, Florida.

 

Escrows. During a Cash Trap Event Period (as defined below), the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Borrower is required to deposit monthly (i) 1/12th of the estimated annual real estate taxes, (ii) 1/12th of the estimated annual insurance premiums, unless the following conditions are satisfied: (x) no event of default has occurred and is continuing, (y) the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Borrower or any affiliate provides the lender with evidence that Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties’ insurance coverage is included in a blanket policy and such policy is in full force and effect and (z) the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Borrower pays all applicable insurance premiums and provides the lender with evidence of timely payment of insurance premiums/renewals, (iii) $4,062 to a replacement reserve, and (iv) an amount reasonably determined by the lender for potential tenant improvement and leasing commissions.

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. Upon the occurrence of a Cash Trap Event Period, the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan requires the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Borrower to establish a lender-controlled lockbox account and instruct tenants to deposit rents into such lockbox account. During the continuance of a Cash Trap Even Period, all funds in the lockbox account are required to be swept into the cash management account controlled by the lender and disbursed on each payment date in accordance with the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan documents and all excess funds are required to be swept to an excess cash flow subaccount controlled by the lender.

 

A “Cash Trap Event Period” will commence upon the earliest to occur of the following:

 

(i)an event of default; or

(ii)a Major Tenant Event Period (as defined below).

 

A Cash Trap Event Period will end upon the occurrence of:

 

with regard to clause (i) above, the cure of such event of default;

with regard to clause (ii) above, a Major Tenant Event Period Cure (as defined below).

 

A “Major Tenant Event Period” will commence upon the earliest to occur of the following:

 

(i)more than one Major Tenant (as defined below) (or if only one Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property remains, one Major Tenant) failing to continuously occupy its entire space or be open for business at the related Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property during customary hours, or gives notices of its intent to commence either of the foregoing (a “Go-Dark Event”);

(ii)a monetary default, beyond any notice and grace period, under any lease with a Major Tenant;

(iii)the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the long-term debt rating of Walgreen Co. below “BBB-” by S&P;

(iv)any Major Tenant filing, as a debtor, a bankruptcy or similar insolvency proceeding, or otherwise becoming involved, as a debtor, in a bankruptcy or any similar insolvency proceeding; or

(v)any Major Tenant terminating or canceling its lease (or such lease otherwise fails to be in full force and effect), or giving notice of, or commencing a legal proceeding asserting any of the foregoing.

 

A “Major Tenant Event Period Cure” will occur upon:

 

with regard to clause (i) above, (x) a Major Tenant Re-Tenanting Event (as defined below) having occurred with respect to each affected Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property or (y) the applicable Major Tenant having resumed normal business operations in its entire space and being open during customary hours for a period of two consecutive calendar quarters, in each case of clauses (x) and (y), such that no more than one Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property is subject to a Go-Dark Event (or if only one Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property remains, clause (x) or clause (y) having been satisfied with respect to such Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property);

with regard to clause (ii) above, (x) a Major Tenant Re-Tenanting Event having occurred with respect to each affected Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property or (y) the applicable Major Tenant having cured such monetary default under its lease and no additional monetary defaults beyond any notice and grace period has occurred for a period of two consecutive calendar quarters;

with regard to clause (iii) above, (x) a Major Tenant Re-Tenanting Event having occurred for all Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties or (y) the long-term debt rating of Walgreen Co. being rated “BBB-“ or higher by S&P;

with regard to clause (iv) above, (x) a Major Tenant Re-Tenanting Event having occurred for all Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties or (y) the bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding having been terminated in a manner satisfactory to the lender, the related lease having been affirmed, and the terms of such lease, as affirmed, being satisfactory to the lender; or

with regard to clause (v) above, a Major Tenant Re-Tenanting Event having occurred with respect to each affected Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property.

 

A “Major Tenant Re-Tenanting Event” will occur upon the lender receiving satisfactory evidence (including, without limitation, a satisfactory estoppel certificate from each such replacement tenant affirming the following): (i) the applicable Major Tenant’s space has been leased to one or more satisfactory replacement tenants pursuant to a satisfactory replacement lease, (ii) each such tenant is in occupancy of its premises, is open for business and is paying full, unabated rent pursuant to the terms of its lease, and (iii) all tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions provided in each such replacement lease have been paid.

 

 A-3-26 

 

 

Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio

 

“Major Tenant” means Walgreens, it successors or assigns, and any replacement tenant that enters into a lease in accordance with the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan documents.

 

Property Management. The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties are self-managed.

 

Assumption. The Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Borrower has a two-time right, commencing 12 months after loan origination, to transfer the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties, provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (ii) the lender has reasonably determined that the proposed transferee and guarantor satisfy the lender’s credit review and underwriting standards, taking into consideration transferee experience, financial strength and general business standing; (iii) the execution of a recourse guaranty and an environmental indemnity by an affiliate of the transferee; and (iv) if requested by the lender, rating agency confirmation has been obtained from Fitch, KBRA and Moody’s that the transfer will not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the respective ratings assigned to the Series 2018-C48 Certificates.

 

Right of First Refusal. Walgreens has a right of first refusal (“ROFR”) to purchase any of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties occupied by Walgreens. The ROFR is not extinguished by a foreclosure of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties.

 

Partial Release. Following the prepayment lockout period, and in connection with a bona-fide sale, the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Borrower is permitted to partially release any of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties, provided that, among other things, and in accordance with the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan documents (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing, (ii) the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan is prepaid in an amount equal to the applicable Release Amount (as defined below) together with any applicable yield maintenance premium or interest shortfall relating to such prepayment; (iii) the lender receives rating agency confirmation from Fitch, KBRA and Moody’s that the sale and release will not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the respective ratings assigned to the Series 2018-C48 Certificates; and (iv) the lender receives a legal opinion covering compliance in all respects with all laws, rules and regulations governing REMICs has been delivered.

 

The “Release Amount” for any Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property being released is an amount equal to the greatest of (a) 90% of the net sales proceeds for such released Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property, as reasonably determined by the lender, (b) 115% of the Allocated Cut-off Date Balance of such released Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property (identified in “The Properties” section above), (c) an amount that would result in the net operating income debt yield, after giving effect to the release of such Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Property, being not less than 8.4% and (d) an amount that would result in the loan-to-value ratio, after giving effect to the release of such property, being not greater than the lesser of (i) the loan-to-value ratio for the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan (including the release property) immediately prior to such release and (ii) 70.3%.

 

Real Estate Substitution. Not permitted.

 

Subordinate and Mezzanine Indebtedness. None.

 

Additional Indebtedness. Not permitted.

 

Terrorism Insurance. Subject to the suspension of such borrower insurance requirements and upon satisfaction of certain conditions outlined in the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan documents, including but not limited to the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Borrower providing evidence to the lender that Walgreens has satisfied all insurance requirements under each applicable lease and Walgreens maintaining an S&P rating of at least ‘BBB’, the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Mortgage Loan documents require that the “all risk” insurance policy required to be maintained by the borrower provide coverage for terrorism in an amount equal to the full replacement cost of the Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio Properties and business interruption insurance covering no less than the 18-month period following the occurrence of a casualty event, together with a six-month extended period of indemnity.

 

 A-3-27 

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK)

 

 

 A-3-28 

 

 

Riverworks

 

(GRAPHIC) 

 

 A-3-29 

 

 

Riverworks

 

(GRAPHIC) 

 

 A-3-30 

 

 

Riverworks

 

(MAP) 

 

 A-3-31 

 

 

 

No. 4 – Riverworks
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Single Asset
    Property Type: Office
  Specific Property Type: Suburban
Original Principal Balance: $38,629,000   Location: Watertown, MA
Cut-off Date Balance: $38,629,000   Size: 201,417 SF
% of Initial Pool Balance: 4.6%   Cut-off Date Balance Per SF: $191.79
Loan Purpose: Acquisition   Year Built/Renovated: 1907/2013
Borrower Name: GRE Riverworks, LLC   Title Vesting: Fee
Borrower Sponsors: GEM Realty Evergreen Fund, L.P.; GEM Realty Evergreen Fund PF-NM, L.P.   Property Manager: Self-managed
Mortgage Rate: 4.857%   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): NAV
Note Date: October 15, 2018   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 92.0% (12/31/2015)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 94.0% (12/31/2016)
Maturity Date: November 6, 2028   Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 92.0% (12/31/2017)
IO Period: 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 96.3% (9/27/2018)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months      
Seasoning: 1 month    
Amortization Term (Original): NAP   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Balloon   4th Most Recent NOI (As of): $2,237,613 (12/31/2015)
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of)(5): $2,343,400 (12/31/2016)
Call Protection: L(25),D(90),O(5)   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of)(5): $2,716,452 (12/31/2017)
Lockbox Type: Hard/Springing Cash Management   Most Recent NOI (As of)(5): $2,745,420 (TTM 8/31/2018)
Additional Debt(1): Yes      
Additional Debt Type(1): Mezzanine    
      U/W Revenues: $6,361,090
      U/W Expenses: $2,847,258
      U/W NOI(5): $3,513,832
Escrows and Reserves(2):     U/W NCF: $3,282,203
      U/W NOI DSCR(6): 2.16x
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NCF DSCR(6): 2.02x
Taxes $137,443 $68,721 NAP   U/W NOI Debt Yield(6): 10.6%
Insurance $22,647 Springing NAP   U/W NCF Debt Yield(6): 9.9%
TI/LC Reserve $2,000,000(3) Springing NAP   As-Is Appraised Value: $64,400,000
Replacement Reserve $0 $2,518 NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: September 19, 2018
Free Rent Reserve $584,518(4) $0 NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(6): 51.2%
Outstanding TI Reserve $308,530(4) $0 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD(6): 51.2%
               
(1)Future mezzanine debt is permitted as long as (i) the combined LTV with the Riverworks Mortgage Loan is less than 70.0%, (ii) the combined minimum debt service coverage ratio with the Riverworks Mortgage Loan is no less than 1.50x, (iii) a rating agency confirmation is obtained, and (iv) lender approval is obtained.

(2)See “Escrows” section.

(3)At closing, the borrower delivered an evergreen letter of credit in the amount of $2,000,000 in lieu of cash for the TI/LC reserve.

(4)The Free Rent and Outstanding TI Reserve are associated with the Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and SAI Global tenants.

(5)Based on information obtained from the borrower sponsor, the increase in NOI in 2017 against 2016 was primarily due to the decrease in real estate taxes resulting from a land sale that took place as well as a parcel reconfiguration by the previous owner. Furthermore, the increase in NOI from TTM 8/31/2018 to the underwritten number is primarily attributed to the Evepoint Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Education Resource Strategies, Inc. expansions and rent steps totalling $188,343.

(6)The U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD were calculated based on the Cut-off Date Balance net of a $5,629,000 letter of credit, which the borrower delivered as additional collateral for the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, in lieu of an earnout holdback by the lender at origination. Assuming the full holdback balance is not applied to pay down the full loan amount, the U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD would be 1.85x, 1.73x, 9.1%, 8.5%, 60.0% and 60.0%, respectively. See “Escrows” section.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Riverworks Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note secured by a first mortgage encumbering the fee simple interest in a multi-tenant office building located in Watertown, Massachusetts (the “Riverworks Property”). The Riverworks Mortgage Loan was originated on October 15, 2018 by Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC. The Riverworks Mortgage Loan had an original principal balance of $38,629,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $38,629,000 and accrues interest at an interest rate of 4.857% per annum. The Riverworks Mortgage Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 119 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires interest-only payments through the full term of the Riverworks Mortgage Loan. The Riverworks Mortgage Loan matures on November 6, 2028.

 

Following the lockout period, the borrower has the right to defease the Riverworks Mortgage Loan in whole, but not in part. The Riverworks Mortgage Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after July 6, 2028.  

 

 A-3-32 

 

 

Riverworks

 

Sources and Uses

 

Sources         Uses      
Original loan amount $38,629,000   58.5%   Purchase price $63,800,000   96.6%
Borrower equity 27,413,498   41.5   Closing costs 1,189,360   1.8
          Reserves 1,053,138   1.6
Total Sources $66,042,498   100.0%   Total Uses $66,042,498   100.0%

 

The Property. The Riverworks Property is a multi-tenant office building totaling 201,417 square feet situated on a 9.37 acre site in Watertown, Massachusetts. The Riverworks Property is accessible via major thoroughfares, including I-90 (1 mile), Route 20 (1 mile), and I-95 (4 miles), and is proximate to Cambridge (6 miles), Boston (10 miles), and Waltham (2 miles). The Riverworks Property is comprised of three buildings built as textile mills starting in 1907 and was last renovated in 2013. The Riverworks Property was once occupied by Boston Scientific Corporation until the company relocated in 2007. The Riverworks Property currently consists of three, three/four story buildings of office space with a common cafeteria and a fitness center. The Riverworks Property also includes 664 parking spaces with a parking ratio of 3.30 spaces per 1,000 square feet of net rentable area. Approximately 6,454 square feet of the space at the Riverworks Property is associated with a café, a fitness center, a management office and a landlord office. Since 2012, the Riverworks Property has undergone approximately $11.2 million of capital expenditures and approximately $8.4 million of tenant improvements. 

 

As of September 27, 2018, the Riverworks Property was 96.3% leased to 14 tenants. The historical occupancy at the Riverworks Property has not been below 92.0% in the last three years.

 

The largest tenant is Mimecast North America, Inc. (“Mimecast”), a company that delivers cloud-based email management, which leases 44,170 square feet or 21.9% of net rentable area which has different lease rates based on the space. Due to its relocation to Lexington, Massachusetts, Mimecast is no longer in occupancy at the Riverworks Property and subleases 100.0% of its space to two sub-tenants, Markforged, Inc. and InCrowd, Inc. Markforged, Inc. subleases 36,291 square feet (which may include additional square footage of mezzanine space) at $29.00 per square foot, which will increase to $35.00 per square foot in July 2019 (in comparison with in-place rents to Mimecast of $26.50 per square foot). InCrowd, Inc. subleases 10,501 square feet at $37.50 per square foot (in comparison with in-place rents to Mimecast of $36.50 per square foot). Both subleases are co-terminus with Mimecast’s lease expiring in October 2020. The Mimecast lease provides that the landlord would be entitled to 50.0% of any additional rent over the lease rate in the direct lease in the event Mimecast subleases its space (“Bonus Rent”). As such, AREF underwrote $88,626 of Bonus Rent associated with the Markforged, Inc. sublease. See “Cash Flow Analysis”.

 

The second largest tenant is New England Research Institutes, Inc. (“NERI”), which leases 33,657 square feet or 16.7% of net rentable area at a base rent of $27.15 per square foot until July 2021. NERI is a contract research organization that provides customized research and clinical trial solutions to private companies and public-sector organizations. NERI offers public health research, clinical trials management, survey research, epidemiology, and media and dissemination research services. NERI has been at the Riverworks Property since 2014 and has two, five-year renewal options remaining.

 

The third largest tenant is EyePoint Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“EyePoint”) which leases 20,240 square feet or 10.0% of net rentable area at a base rent of $36.00 per square foot until April 2025. EyePoint is a specialty biopharmaceutical company that develops and commercializes innovative ophthalmic products. EyePoint has developed five FDA-approved sustained-release treatments in ophthalmology and currently has another under review. EyePoint has been at the Riverworks Property since March 2014, recently expanded by an additional 6,590 square feet and extended its lease to April 2025. EyePoint has one, five-year renewal option.

 

 

 A-3-33 

 

 

Riverworks

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancy at the Riverworks Property:

 

Major Tenants

 

Tenant Name

Credit Rating

(Fitch/Moody’s/S&P)(1)

Tenant
NRSF
% of
NRSF
Annual U/W Base Rent PSF(2) Annual
U/W Base Rent(2)
% of Total Annual U/W Base Rent Lease
Expiration
Date
               
Major Tenant              
Mimecast North America, Inc.(3) NR / NR / NR 44,170 21.9% $28.88 $1,275,515 22.3% 10/15/2020
New England Research Institutes NR / NR / NR 33,657 16.7% $27.15 $913,788 15.9% 7/31/2021(4)
Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals, Inc. NR / NR / NR 20,240 10.0% $36.00 $728,640 12.7% 4/30/2025(5)
NormaTec Industries, LP NR / NR / NR 16,969 8.4% $31.91 $541,421 9.4% 12/31/2023(6)
SAI Global NR / NR / NR 14,230 7.1% $34.00(7) $483,820 8.4% 6/30/2024(7)
Total Major Tenant 129,266 64.2% $30.50 $3,943,184 68.8%  
               
Non Major Tenants   64,656(8) 32.1% $30.70(9) $1,786,693 31.2%  
               
Occupied Collateral Total   193,922 96.3% $29.55 $5,729,877 100.0%  
               
Vacant Space       7,495 3.7%        
               
Collateral Total 201,417 100.0%         
               

 

(1)Certain ratings are those of the parent company whether or not the parent company guarantees the lease.

(2)Annual U/W Base Rent PSF and Annual U/W Base Rent include contractual rent steps totaling $188,343 through September 2019.

(3)Mimecast North America, Inc. subleases 100.0% of its space to two sub-tenants. The Annual U/W Base Rent for Mimecast North America, Inc. represents the base rent under the direct lease.

(4)New England Research Institutes has two, five-year extension options.

(5)Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals, Inc. received a four-month rent abatement in connection with its recent renewal and expansion. Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals, Inc. has one, five-year extension option.

(6)NormaTec Industries, LP has one, five-year extension option.

(7)SAI Global received a 12-month rent abatement on its entire premises and another six-month rent abatement on 3,230 square feet of its premises following the initial abatement period in connection with its recent new lease. SAI Global has one, five-year extension option.

(8)The Tenant NRSF for Non Major Tenants includes 6,454 SF of management and amenity tenants who do not pay rent.

(9)The Annual U/W Base Rent PSF for Non Major Tenants does not include the 6,454 SF of management and amenity tenants who do not pay rent.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the Riverworks Property:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule(1)

 

Year Ending
 December 31,
No. of Leases Expiring Expiring NRSF % of Total NRSF Cumulative Expiring NRSF Cumulative % of Total NRSF Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
% of Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
 PSF(3)
MTM(2) 3 6,454 3.2% 6,454 3.2% $0 0.0% $0.00
2018 0 0 0.0% 6,454 3.2% $0 0.0% $0.00
2019 4 21,772 10.8% 28,226 14.0% $579,454 10.1% $26.61
2020 1 44,170 21.9% 72,396 35.9% $1,275,515 22.3% $28.88
2021 3 39,249 19.5% 111,645 55.4% $1,074,528 18.8% $27.38
2022 2 25,619 12.7% 137,264 68.1% $874,272 15.3% $34.13
2023 1 16,969 8.4% 154,233 76.6% $541,421 9.4% $31.91
2024 1 14,230 7.1% 168,463 83.6% $483,820 8.4% $34.00
2025 2 25,459 12.6% 193,922 96.3% $900,867 15.7% $35.39
2026 0 0 0.0% 193,922 96.3% $0 0.0% $0.00
2027 0 0 0.0% 193,922 96.3% $0 0.0% $0.00
2028 0 0 0.0% 193,922 96.3% $0 0.0% $0.00
Thereafter 0 0 0.0% 193,922 96.3% $0 0.0% $0.00
Vacant 0 7,495 3.7% 201,417 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 14 201,417 100.0%     $5,729,877 100.0% $29.55

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

(2)The MTM tenants reflect amenity and management tenants who do not pay rent. These tenants are not reflected in the total number of leases expiring.

(3)Excludes vacant space.

 

 A-3-34 

 

 

Riverworks

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the Riverworks Property:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2015(1)(2)

12/31/2016(1)(2)

12/31/2017(1)(2)

9/27/2018(3)

92.0% 94.0% 92.0% 96.3%

 

(1)Information obtained from the borrower.

(2)Occupancy represents the year-end occupancy for 2015, 2016, and 2017.

(3)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the underwritten net cash flow at the Riverworks Property:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

  2015 2016 2017 TTM 8/31/2018 U/W % of U/W
Effective
Gross Income
U/W $ per SF
Base Rent(1) $4,031,725 $4,621,125 $4,515,500 $4,884,907 $5,729,877 90.1% $28.45
Grossed Up Vacant Space 0 0 0 0 281,063 4.4    1.40
Total Reimbursables 1,158,979 757,252 846,399 524,047 577,371 9.1    2.87
Other Income(2) 99,979 84,094 65,731 54,201 106,626 1.7    0.53
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss(3)

0

0

0

0

(333,847)

(5.2)   

(1.66)

Effective Gross Income 5,290,683 5,462,471 5,427,630 5,463,154 $6,361,090 100.0% $31.58
               
Total Operating Expenses(4)

$3,053,070

$3,119,070

$2,711,178

$2,717,734

$2,847,258

44.8%

$14.14

               
Net Operating Income(5) $2,237,613 $2,343,400 $2,716,452 $2,745,420 $3,513,832 55.2% $17.45
TI/LC 0 0 0 0 201,417 3.2    1.00
Capital Expenditures

0

0

0

0

30,213

0.5   

0.15

Net Cash Flow $2,237,613 $2,343,400 $2,716,452 $2,745,420 $3,282,203 51.6% $16.30
               
NOI DSCR 1.38x 1.44x 1.67x 1.69x 2.16x(6)    
NCF DSCR 1.38x 1.44x 1.67x 1.69x 2.02x(6)    
NOI DY 6.8% 7.1% 8.2% 8.3% 10.6%(6)    
NCF DY 6.8% 7.1% 8.2% 8.3% 9.9%(6)    

 

(1)U/W Base Rent includes contractual rent steps totaling $188,343 through September 2019.

(2)Other income includes $88,626 of Bonus Rent from the Markforged, Inc. sublease in connection with Mimecast's space and $18,000 of storage rent.

(3)The underwritten economic vacancy is 5.0%. The Riverworks Property was 96.3% physically occupied as of September 27, 2018.

(4)Based on information obtained from the sponsor, the decrease in Total Operating Expenses in 2017 against 2016 was primarily due to decrease in real estate taxes resulting from a land sale that took place as well as a parcel reconfiguration by the previous owner.

(5)The increase in NOI from TTM 8/31/2018 to the underwritten number is primarily attributed to the Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals and Education Resource Strategies expansions and rent steps totalling $188,343.

(6)The U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD were calculated based on the Cut-off Date Balance net of a $5,629,000 letter of credit, which the borrower delivered as additional collateral for the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, in lieu of an earnout holdback by the lender at origination. Assuming the full holdback balance is not applied to pay down the full loan amount, the U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio, and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD would be 1.85x, 1.73x, 9.1%, 8.5%, 60.0% and 60.0%, respectively.

 

 

Appraisal. As of the appraisal valuation date of September 19, 2018, the Riverworks Property had an “as-is” appraised value of $64,400,000. The appraiser also concluded a prospective “as-stabilized” appraised value of $73,700,000 as of November 1, 2021, as a projected estimate of when the Riverworks Property is to be leased closer to market levels due to well below-market leasing currently in place.

 

Environmental Matters. According to a Phase I environmental site assessment dated September 27, 2018, there was no evidence of any recognized environmental conditions at the Riverworks Property.

 

Market Overview and Competition. The Riverworks Property is located in Watertown, Massachusetts, which is bordered by Brighton (Boston), Cambridge and Newton on the east and south, Waltham on the west, and Belmont on the north. Watertown is located six miles northwest of Boston and within twenty minutes travel to all major highways in eastern Massachusetts, including the Massachusetts Turnpike and Routes 128, 95, 93, 2, 16 and 20. In addition, Watertown is serviced by rail lines and commuter bus lines, and has easy access to Logan International Airport in Boston. Watertown is a member of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), which provides fixed route service to neighboring communities and to Harvard and Central Stations, with travel times of less than 20 minutes to Harvard Square and downtown Boston. The Riverworks Property is located along Pleasant Street just west of Watertown Square. Land uses within the immediate neighborhood of the Riverworks Property consist of a mixture of commercial and residential development. 

 

According to the appraisal, the Riverworks Property is situated in the Route 128/West office submarket, which totals 31.6 million square feet and reported a 2nd quarter 2018 vacancy rate of 12.8% and an average asking lease rate of $34.19 per square foot. The submarket recorded 213,465 square feet of absorption year-to-date. There are two projects currently under construction within the subject’s submarket: 485 Arsenal Street (Arsenal Yards) in Watertown is a 107,442 square foot, two-story, class A office building, which is planned to deliver in the 4th quarter of 2019, and 500 Totten Pond Road in Waltham is a six-story, 211,000 square foot class A office building, which is 64% pre-leased and is scheduled to deliver in the 3rd quarter of 2019. According to the appraisal, neither of these properties would be considered direct competitors to the Riverworks Property.

 

 A-3-35 

 

 

Riverworks

 

The appraiser concluded $36.00 PSF on a modified gross basis for the office space and $20.00 PSF for lower level office at the Riverworks Property.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to comparable leases to the Riverworks Property:

 

Comparable Leases(1)

 

Property Location Year Built Distance (miles) Total GLA (SF) Tenant Name Lease Date Lease Area (SF)

Annual

Base Rent PSF

Lease Type
65 Grove Street Watertown, MA 2016 3.1 114,373 Olink June 2018 6,296 $44.00 NNN
                 
2221 Washington Street Newton, MA 1977 4.3 44,800 Acresta March 2019 5,385 $44.00 Gross
                 
260 Charles Street Waltham, MA 1920 2.4 53,683

Lightwave Partners

Boathouse Group

December 2018

August 2018

3,150

13,518

$32.50

$32.50

Gross

MSG

                 

625 Mount Auburn Street

Cambridge, MA

1962 2.8 137,421 Mt. Auburn Hospital September 2019 20,259 $39.90 Gross
                 

221-257 Crescent Street

Waltham, MA

1854 2.2 177,000 Radius/Jabil September 2017 13,215 $34.25 Gross

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.

 

The Borrower. The borrower for the Riverworks Mortgage Loan is GRE Riverworks, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and special purpose entity with two independent directors. Legal counsel to the borrower delivered a non-consolidation opinion in connection with the origination of the Riverworks Mortgage Loan. GEM Realty Evergreen Fund, L.P. and GEM Realty Evergreen Fund PF-NM, L.P. are the guarantors of certain nonrecourse carveouts under the Riverworks Mortgage Loan.

 

The Borrower Sponsor. The borrower sponsors are GEM Realty Evergreen Fund, L.P. and GEM Realty Evergreen Fund PF-NM, L.P., which are funds managed by GEM Realty Capital, Inc. (“GEM”). Founded in 1994, GEM is an integrated real estate investment company that invests in private-market real estate assets and publicly traded real estate securities through two lines of business, GEM Realty Properties and GEM Realty Securities. Through GEM Realty Properties, GEM invests directly in private-market real estate assets, including properties and loans. Through GEM Realty Securities, GEM employs hedged strategies to invest in publicly traded real estate securities, including REITs, real estate operating companies and homebuilders. GEM has approximately $3.5 billion of assets under management.

 

Escrows. The Riverworks Mortgage Loan documents provide for upfront reserves in the amount of $584,518 for free rent, $308,530 for outstanding tenant improvement and leasing commissions, $137,443 for real estate taxes, and $22,647 for insurance. Furthermore, in lieu of cash, the borrower provided evergreen letters of credit in the amounts of $2,000,000 for a TI/LC reserve (the “TI/LC Letter of Credit”) and $5,629,000 for an earnout reserve (the “Earnout Letter of Credit”). The borrower has the right to reduce the face amount of the TI/LC Letter of Credit from time to time in accordance with the terms and provisions of the Riverworks Mortgage Loan documents, by an amount equal to $2.00 for every $1.00 that the borrower expends towards approved leasing expenses. The borrower has the right to obtain a release of the TI/LC Letter of Credit by depositing with lender funds in an amount equal to 50.0% of the face amount of the TI/LC Letter of Credit then being released. In addition, the borrower has the right, at any time prior to the Earnout Release Deadline (as defined below), to obtain a release of the Earnout Letter of Credit by depositing with the lender funds in an amount equal to the face amount of the Earnout Letter of Credit then being released. 

 

During the Earnout Partial Release Open Period (as defined below), if no event of default has occurred and is continuing and the Earnout Debt Yield (as defined below) is greater than 10.0%, the borrower may, from time to time (but no more than once per calendar month), reduce the amount of the Earnout Letter of Credit by delivering to the lender a replacement letter of credit in lieu of the Earnout Letter of Credit, in an amount that would result in the Earnout Debt Yield being equal to 10.0%. If, by the Earnout Release Deadline, the Riverworks Property has not achieved an Earnout Debt Yield equal to or greater than 10%, the lender will be required to use funds drawn on the letter of credit to permanently prepay the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, subject to applicable prepayment penalties.

 

“Earnout Debt Yield” means the percentage obtained by dividing (i) the net operating income by (ii) the positive difference (if any) between (x) the original principal balance of the Riverworks Mortgage Loan minus (y) the then-current remaining amount on the Earnout Letter of Credit.

 

“Earnout Partial Release Open Period” means the period (i) commencing upon the earlier to occur of (x) 60 days after the Closing Date and (y) March 1, 2019, and (ii) ending on the Earnout Release Deadline.

 

“Earnout Release Deadline” means October 15, 2021.

 

The Riverworks Mortgage Loan documents provide for ongoing monthly escrows of (a) $2,518 for replacement reserves, (b) one-twelfth of the real estate taxes that the lender estimates will be payable during the next 12 months (initially $68,721), (c) during the occurrence of (i) an event of default, (ii) the borrower failing to maintain and deliver an acceptable blanket insurance policy, or (iii) the borrower failing to deliver periodic evidence of acceptable renewals and timely-paid insurance premiums, one-twelfth of the insurance premiums that the lender estimates will be payable during the next 12 months (initially $3,775), and (d) during the occurrence of (i) an event of default or (ii) failure to maintain a debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.20x, one-twelfth of the TI/LC reserves (initially $16,785).

 

 A-3-36 

 

 

Riverworks

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. The Riverworks Mortgage Loan is structured with a hard lockbox and springing cash management. The borrower was required at origination to deliver letters to the tenants at the Riverworks Property directing them to pay all rents directly into a lender-controlled lockbox account. All funds received by the borrower or property manager are required to be deposited in the lockbox account within two business days following receipt. During the occurrence and continuance of a Cash Management Period (as defined below), all funds are required to be swept each business day into the cash management account controlled by the lender and disbursed on each payment date in accordance with the Riverworks Mortgage Loan documents, with all excess cash flow to be deposited to an excess cash reserve to be held as additional security for the Riverworks Mortgage Loan.

 

A “Cash Management Period” will commence following the earliest to occur of any of the following:

(i)an event of default under the Riverworks Mortgage Loan; or

(ii)the debt service coverage ratio falling below 1.20x.

 

A Cash Management Period will end if:

(a)with respect clause (i) above, such event of default has been cured and no other event of default has occurred and is continuing; and

(b)with respect clause (ii) above, the Riverworks Property has achieved a debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.20x for one calendar quarter.

 

Property Management. The Riverworks Property is managed by an affiliate of the borrower sponsor.

 

Assumption. The borrower has the right to transfer the Riverworks Property, provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including: (i) no event of default under the Riverworks Mortgage Loan documents has occurred and is continuing, (ii) the borrower has provided the lender with prior written notice, (iii) the proposed transferee qualifies as a qualified transferee under the Riverworks Mortgage Loan documents, (iv) the payment of a transfer fee of 0.25% of the then outstanding principal balance of the Riverworks Mortgage Loan for the first transfer and 0.5% of then outstanding principal balance for each transfer thereafter and (v) the lender has received a rating agency confirmation that such assumption will not result in a downgrade of the respective ratings assigned to the WFCM Series 2018-C48 certificates.

 

Partial Release. Not permitted.

 

Real Estate Substitution. Not permitted. 

 

Terrorism Insurance. The borrower is required to obtain and maintain property insurance, commercial general liability insurance and business interruption insurance that covers acts of terrorism in an amount determined by the lender in its sole discretion (but not to exceed the full replacement cost of the Riverworks Property and 18-months of business interruption insurance), provided that if the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015 or any of its renewal or successor acts is not renewed, the Riverworks Mortgage Loan documents provide for an annual terrorism premium cap that is the lesser of (x) two times the cost of the annual premiums required in connection with the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, (y) the amount of terrorism coverage that the borrower can purchase to provide terrorism coverage for the outstanding principal balance of the Riverworks Mortgage Loan, or (z) the amount of terrorism coverage that the borrower can purchase for an amount equal to one-half (1/2) of the premium that the borrower is currently paying for the all-risk or special causes of loss property insurance required under the Riverworks Mortgage Loan documents with a terrorism exclusion.
 

 A-3-37 

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK) 

 

 A-3-38 

 

 

1000 WINDWARD CONCOURSE

 

(GRAPHIC) 

 

 A-3-39 

 

 

1000 WINDWARD CONCOURSE

 

(GRAPHIC) 

 

 A-3-40 

 

 

1000 WINDWARD CONCOURSE

 

(MAP) 

 

 A-3-41 

 

 

No. 5 – 1000 Windward Concourse
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Single Asset
    Property Type: Office
  Specific Property Type: Suburban
Original Principal Balance: $30,500,000   Location: Alpharetta, GA
Cut-off Date Balance: $30,500,000   Size: 251,425 SF
% of Initial Pool Balance: 3.7%   Cut-off Date Balance Per SF: $121.31
Loan Purpose: Acquisition   Year Built/Renovated: 1997/NAP
Borrower Name: Windward Acquisition Delaware, LLC   Title Vesting: Fee
Borrower Sponsors: Sebastian Barbagallo   Property Manager: Self-managed
Mortgage Rate: 4.995%   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 99.1% (12/31/2014)
Note Date: October 17, 2018   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 97.0% (12/31/2015)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 93.8% (12/31/2016)
Maturity Date: November 6, 2028   Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 94.8% (12/31/2017)
IO Period: 72 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 96.8% (10/12/2018)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months      
Seasoning: 1 month    
Amortization Term (Original): 360 months   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon   4th Most Recent NOI (As of)(4): $329,408 (12/31/2015)
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of)(4): $2,297,677 (12/31/2016)
Call Protection: L(25),D(92),O(3)   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of)(4): $3,080,532 (12/31/2017)
Lockbox Type: Springing   Most Recent NOI (As of)(4): $3,492,031 (TTM 8/31/2018)
Additional Debt: No      
Additional Debt Type: NAP    
      U/W Revenues: $5,312,875
      U/W Expenses: $1,746,183
      U/W NOI: $3,566,691
      U/W NCF: $3,263,142
Escrows and Reserves(1):     U/W NOI DSCR: 1.82x
          U/W NCF DSCR: 1.66x
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NOI Debt Yield: 11.7%
Taxes $30,578 $30,578 NAP   U/W NCF Debt Yield: 10.7%
Insurance $12,732 $2,546 NAP   As-Is Appraised Value: $48,000,000
TI/LC Reserve $0 $20,952 $251,425(2)   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: September 11, 2018
Replacement Reserve $0 $4,400 NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio: 63.5%
Travelers Rollover Reserve $0 $16,563(3) NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD: 59.7%
               
(1)See “Escrows” section.

(2)Beginning December 2023, the borrower will only be required to make monthly TI/LC deposit if the TI/LC reserve is less than $251,425.

(3)The monthly collections for Travelers Rollover Reserve will be deposited into the TI/LC reserve.

(4)The increase in Net Operating Income from 2015 to TTM 8/31/2018 is primarily due to expiring rent abatements for Kinder Morgan, Inc. and The Travelers Indemnity Company, increase in base rent for new and renewal leases, and contractual rent increases.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note secured by a first mortgage encumbering the fee interest in a multi-tenant office building, located in Alpharetta, Georgia (the “1000 Windward Concourse Property”). The 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan was originated on October 17, 2018 by Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC. The 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan had an original principal balance of $30,500,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $30,500,000 and accrues interest at an interest rate of 4.995% per annum. The 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 119 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires interest-only payments for the initial 72 payments of the loan term of the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan. The 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan matures on November 6, 2028.

 

Following the lockout period (on any date after December 6, 2020), the borrower has the right to defease the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan in whole, but not in part. The 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after September 6, 2028.

 

 A-3-42 

 

 

1000 WINDWARD CONCOURSE

 

Sources and Uses

 

Sources         Uses      
Original Loan amount $30,500,000   68.5%   Purchase Price $43,935,000   98.6%
Borrower Equity 14,053,107   31.5      Closing Costs 574,797   1.3 
          Reserves 43,310   0.1
Total Sources $44,553,107   100.0%   Total Uses $44,553,107   100.0%

 

The Property The 1000 Windward Concourse Property is a Class A, multi-tenant office building totaling 251,425 square feet situated on a 19.9 acre site in Alpharetta, Georgia. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property is approximately 23 miles north of the Atlanta central business district and is located just east of the GA 400 and US-19 highways. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property was built in 1997 and is located in a master-planned office park development known as the Windward Parkway Corridor. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property currently consists of a single five-story office building that consists of a bi-wing design, offering approximately 50,000 square foot floor plates. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property amenities include a café, a fitness center, a basketball court and walking trails. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property also includes 1,044 parking spaces with a parking ratio of 4.15 space per 1,000 square feet of the net rentable area.

 

As of October 12, 2018, the 1000 Windward Concourse Property was 96.8% leased to seven tenants.

 

The largest tenant is The Travelers Indemnity Company (“Travelers”), which leases 140,225 square feet or 55.8% of the net rentable area at a base rent of $22.78 per square foot until August 2022. Travelers operates as a property and casualty insurance company that provides a range of personal and business insurance products. The employees at the 1000 Windward Property are reportedly primarily using the space for claims management for various product lines and focused on sale of commercial products and marketing. Furthermore, this location is reportedly one of two locations in the country that manage over two million square feet of Travelers’ (owned and leased) space across the country. Travelers extended its lease term for an additional 6.5 years in 2015 to August 2022. Travelers has two, five-year renewal options remaining and is entitled to a renewal tenant improvement allowance of $27 per square foot if a renewal option is exercised in 2022. In addition, Travelers has one-time right to surrender and return to the landlord up to 10.0% of the then-rentable area of the premises, at any time after December 31, 2019, with nine months’ prior written notice and a contraction fee of unamortized leasing cost at 7.0% of the then rentable area. The lease was executed by Travelers.

 

The second largest tenant is Kinder Morgan, Inc. (“Kinder Morgan”), which leases 44,141 square feet or 17.6% of the net rentable area at a base rent of $22.63 per square foot until December 2025. Kinder Morgan is one of the largest energy infrastructure companies in North America and specializes in owning and controlling oil and gas pipelines and terminations. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property is the headquarters for Kinder Morgan’s Plantation Pipe Line Company, one of the largest refined petroleum product pipelines in the United States, delivering an estimated 700,000 barrels a day of gasoline, jet fuel, diesel and biodiesel through its approximately 3,180-mile pipeline network. Kinder Morgan has been at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property since 2015, recently expanded into an additional 17,628 square feet in October 2016 and has two, five-year renewal options. The lease was executed by Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P.

 

The third largest tenant is Agilysys, Inc. (“Agilysys”), which leases 33,719 square feet or 13.4% of the net rentable area at a base rent of $23.94 per square foot until May 2021. Agilysys is a developer and marketer of software-enabled solutions and services to the hospitality industry, including support, maintenance, and subscription and professional services in North America, Europe and Asia. Agilysys offers point-of-sale, property management, reservation and table management, inventory and procurement, workforce management, analytics, document management, and mobile and wireless solutions to streamline operations. As of November 26, 2018, Agilysys had a reported market cap of $378.81 million. Agilysys is headquartered at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property and has been in occupancy since 2011. Agilysys recently renewed its lease on the 10,298 square feet of space for an additional 38 months and has one, five-year renewal option associated with 22,854 square feet of original space. The lease was executed by Agilysys.

 

Approximately 12,950 square feet of the 1000 Windward Concourse Property space is associated with a café and a fitness facility.

 

 A-3-43 

 

 

1000 WINDWARD CONCOURSE

  

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancy at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property:

 

Major Tenants

 

Tenant Name 

Credit Rating

(Fitch/Moody’s/S&P)(1)

 

Tenant

NRSF

  % of
NRSF
  Annual U/W
Base Rent
PSF(2)
  Annual
U/W Base
Rent(2)
  % of Total
Annual U/W
Base Rent
  Lease
Expiration
Date
               
Major Tenant                         
The Travelers Indemnity Company  NR/Aa2/AA  140,255   55.8%  $22.78   $3,195,192  60.3%  8/31/2022(3)
Kinder Morgan, Inc.  NR/Baa3/BBB-  44,141   17.6%  $22.63   $999,068  18.8%  12/31/2025(4)
Agilysys, Inc.  NR/NR/NR  33,719   13.4%  $23.94   $807,107  15.2%  5/31/2021(5)
Agile Resources Inc  NR/NR/NR  7,220   2.9%  $23.67   $170,897  3.2%  2/28/2019(6)
Total Major Tenant     225,335   89.6%  $22.95   $5,172,264  97.6%   
                          
Non-Major Tenants     17,940(7)  7.1%  $23.51(8)  $129,315  2.4%   
                          
Occupied Collateral Total     243,275   96.8%  $22.97(8)  $5,301,579  100.0%   
                          
Vacant Space     8,150   3.2%              
                          
Collateral Total     251,425   100.0%             
                          

  

(1)Certain ratings are those of the parent company whether or not the parent company guarantees the lease.

(2)Annual U/W Base Rent PSF and Annual U/W Base Rent include contractual rent steps totaling $137,292 through April 2019.

(3)Travelers has two, five-year lease extension options. Travelers has a one-time right to surrender and return to the landlord up to 25.0% of the then rentable area of the premises, at any time after 12/31/2019, with nine months prior written notice and a contraction fee of unamortized leasing costs at 7.0% of the then rentable area.

(4)Kinder Morgan, Inc. has two, five-year lease extension options.

(5)Agilysys, Inc. has one, five-year lease extension option associated with 22,854 square feet of original leased space.

(6)Agile Resources Inc. has one, five-year leases extension option.

(7)The Tenant NRSF for Non-Major Tenants includes 5,788 square feet and 7,162 square feet of fitness space and café space, respectively.

(8)The Annual U/W Base Rent PSF for Non-Major Tenants and Occupied Collateral Total does not include the 5,788 square feet of a fitness facility that does not pay rent or the 7,162 square feet of café space that pays $12,000/year in base rent.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule(1)

 

Year Ending
December 31,
No. of
Leases
Expiring
Expiring
NRSF
% of
Total
NRSF
Cumulative
Expiring
NRSF
Cumulative
% of Total
NRSF
Annual
U/W
Base Rent
% of Annual
U/W
Base Rent
Annual
U/W
Base
Rent
 PSF(2)
MTM(3) 2 12,950 5.2% 12,950 5.2% $12,000 0.2% N/A
2018 0 0 0.0% 12,950 5.2% $0 0.0% $0.00
2019 1 7,220 2.9% 20,170 8.0% $170,897 3.2% $23.67
2020 1 2,352 0.9% 22,522 9.0% $54,636 1.0% $23.23
2021 1 33,719 13.4% 56,241 22.4% $807,107 15.2% $23.94
2022 2 142,893 56.8% 199,134 79.2% $3,257,871 61.5% $22.80
2023 0 0 0.0% 199,134 79.2% $0 0.0% $0.00
2024 0 0 0.0% 199,134 79.2% $0 0.0% $0.00
2025 1 44,141 17.6% 243,275 96.8% $999,068 18.8% $22.63
2026 0 0 0.0% 243,275 96.8% $0 0.0% $0.00
2027 0 0 0.0% 243,275 96.8% $0 0.0% $0.00
2028 0 0 0.0% 243,275 96.8% $0 0.0% $0.00
Thereafter 0 0 0.0% 243,275 96.8% $0 0.0% $0.00
Vacant 0 8,150 3.2% 251,425 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 8 251,425 100.0%     $5,301,579 100.0% $22.97

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

(2)The Annual U/W Base Rent PSF does not include the 5,788 square feet of a fitness facility that does not pay rent or the 7,162 square feet of café space that pays $12,000/year in base rent.

(3)Represents the fitness facility that does not pay rent and the 7,162 square feet of café space that pays $12,000/year. The café’s lease expires in September 2022.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2015(1)

12/31/2016(1)

12/31/2017(1)

10/12/2018 (2) 

97.0% 93.8% 94.8% 96.8%

 

(1)Information obtained from the borrower.

(2)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

 

 A-3-44 

 

 

1000 WINDWARD CONCOURSE

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the underwritten net cash flow at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

   2015  2016  2017  TTM
8/31/2018
  U/W  % of U/W
Effective
Gross Income
  U/W $
per SF
Base Rent(1)  $1,785,312   $3,813,507   $4,549,787   $4,998,060   $5,301,579   99.8%  $21.09 
Straight-line Rent(2)  0   0   0   0   185,446   3.5   0.74 
Grossed Up Vacant Space  0   0   0   0   199,655   3.8   0.79 
Total Reimbursables  14,634   30,827   81,444   70,438   170,872   3.2   0.68 
Other Income(3)  44,043   26,100   39,777   41,078   41,078   0.8   0.16 
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss(4)  0   0   0   0   (585,755)  (11.0)  (2.33)
Effective Gross Income  $1,843,989   $3,870,434   $4,671,009   $5,109,576   $5,312,875   100.0%  $21.13 
                             
Total Operating Expenses  $1,514,581   $1,572,757   $1,590,477   $1,617,544   $1,746,183   32.9%  $6.95 
                             
Net Operating Income(5)  $329,408   $2,297,677   $3,080,532   $3,492,031   $3,566,691   67.1%  $14.19 
TI/LC  0   0   0   0   251,425   4.7   1.00 
Capital Expenditures  0   0   0   0   52,124   1.0   0.21 
Net Cash Flow  $329,408   $2,297,677   $3,080,532   $3,492,031   $3,263,142   61.4%  $12.98 
                             
NOI DSCR  0.17x   1.17x   1.57x   1.78x   1.82x         
NCF DSCR  0.17x   1.17x   1.57x   1.78x   1.66x         
NOI DY  1.1%   7.5%   10.1%   11.4%   11.7%         
NCF DY  1.1%   7.5%   10.1%   11.4%   10.7%         

 

(1)U/W Base Rent includes contractual rent steps totaling $137,292 through October 2019.

(2)Straight-line rent for The Travelers Indemnity Company ($98,507), Kinder Morgan, Inc. ($85,038) and Renaissance Life & Health Ins. ($1,901) due to investment grade tenancy.

(3)Other income represents income from the telecommunications lease with Level 3 Communication and tenant electrical billings.

(4)The underwritten economic vacancy is 10.0%. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property was 96.8% physically occupied as of October 12, 2018.

(5)The increase in Net Operating Income from 2015 to TTM 8/31/2018 is primarily due to expiring rent abatements for Kinder Morgan, Inc. and The Travelers Indemnity Company, increase in base rent for new and renewal leases, and contractual rent increases. The December 31, 2015 occupancy at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property was 97.0%.

 

Appraisal. As of the appraisal valuation date of September 11, 2018, the 1000 Windward Concourse Property had an “as-is” appraised value of $48,000,000.

 

Environmental Matters. According to a Phase I environmental site assessment dated August 15, 2018, there was no evidence of any recognized environmental conditions at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property.

 

Market Overview and Competition. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property is located within the city of Alpharetta, Georgia, in Fulton County. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property is located within the Windward Parkway Corridor, a master-planned development that features a business district, golf clubs, and executive communities. The immediate area surrounding the 1000 Windward Concourse Property is a newer area of development consisting of various uses. Land uses within the neighborhood consist of a mixture of residential, retail and office developments. According to the appraisal, the 2018 population within a one-, three-, and five-mile radius were 7,022, 70,828 and 172,666, respectively, and the 2018 median household income within a one-, three-, and five-mile radius were $92,627, $100,128, and $106,231, respectively.

 

According to the appraisal, the 1000 Windward Concourse Property is located in the North Fulton office submarket. As of the second quarter of 2018, the North Fulton office submarket had an existing supply of approximately 26 million square feet with a vacancy rate of 14.0% and an average asking lease rate of $23.37 per square foot. In the North Fulton submarket, there are 45 Class A office buildings of greater than 150,000 square feet, with an aggregate of 9.3 million square feet and a vacancy of 7.7%. Furthermore, the appraiser concluded to a market rent of $25.00 per square foot for the office space at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property, which is over 10% higher than the current in place rents at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property.

 

 A-3-45 

 

 

1000 WINDWARD CONCOURSE

 

The following table presents certain information relating to comparable leases to the 1000 Windward Concourse Property:

 

Comparable Leases(1)

 

Property Location Year Built Occupancy Distance (miles) Total GLA (SF) Tenant Name Lease Date Lease Area (SF)

Annual

Base Rent PSF

Lease Type

1355 Windward Concourse

Alpharetta, GA

1997 85.0% 0.1 102,569

CodeForce 360

Quoted

January 2018

N/A

2,923

N/A

$22.75

$23.50

FSG

N/A

1725 Windward Concourse

Alpharetta, GA

1998 72.0% 0.5 101,239 Quoted N/A N/A $24.75 FSG

3015 and 3025 Windward Plaza Drive

Alpharetta, GA

1997 87.0% 0.4 283,662

Carousel Industries

HomeGoods

Quoted

June 2018

June 2017

N/A

3,916

3,943

N/A

$26.25

$24.50

$24.50-$25.50

FSG

FSG

N/A

5900 Windward Parkway

Alpharetta, GA

1996 75.0% 0.7 131,792

Lueder Law Firm

Compu-Link

Quoted

April 2016

February 2016

N/A

3,654

2,634

N/A

$23.66

$21.00

$25.50

FSG

FSG

N/A

13560 Morris Road

Alpharetta, GA

1999 96.0% 1.8 528,162 Quoted N/A N/A $25.50 FSG

12600 Deerfield Parkway

Alpharetta, GA

2000 89.0% 1.8 121,969

Regus

Atrium Hospitality

Quoted

November 2017

October 2015

N/A

44,377

18,000

N/A

$22.75

$21.75

$26.50-$27.50

FSG

FSG

N/A

11700 Great Oaks Way

Alpharetta, GA

2000 90.0% 2.8 308,101

Ultimate Software

Quoted

February 2018

N/A

55,404

N/A

$25.00

$28.00

FSG

FSG

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.

 

The Borrower. The borrower for the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan is Windward Acquisition Delaware, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a special purpose entity with one independent director. Legal counsel to the borrower delivered a non-consolidation opinion in connection with the origination of the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan. Sebastian Barbagallo is the guarantor of certain nonrecourse carveouts under the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan.

 

The Borrower Sponsor. The borrower sponsor is Sebastian Barbagallo, a partner in B Developments, a Miami, FL based commercial real estate investment/development firm focused exclusively on office, multi-family and single tenant development, acquisition and repositioning. B Developments is family-owned and the senior management team (including the borrower sponsor) has over 30 years of experience in commercial real estate development and management. Through its affiliate B&L Management Group Corp., B Developments manages office, multi-family and hospitality properties in excess of 2.0 million square feet in Miami, Tampa Bay, Orlando and Atlanta. The borrower sponsor was involved in a foreclosure. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool – Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and other Proceedings” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

Escrows. The 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan documents provide for upfront reserves in the amount of $30,578 for real estate taxes and $12,732 for insurance premiums.

 

The 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan documents provide for ongoing monthly escrows of (a) $4,400 for capital expenditures, (b) $20,952 for tenant improvements and leasing commissions, subject to a cap of $251,425 from and after December 6, 2023, (c) additional deposits of $16,563 for tenant improvements and leasing commissions until the earlier to occur of (x) the scheduled expiration of the lease with Travelers or (z) the date on which the borrower delivers evidence reasonably satisfactory to the lender that (i) Travelers has renewed its lease and all related leasing expenses have been paid and (ii) Travelers is in occupancy, open for business and paying normal monthly unabated rent, (d) one-twelfth of the real estate taxes that the lender estimates will be payable during the next 12 months (initially $30,578) and (e) one-twelfth of the insurance premiums that the lender estimates will be payable during the next 12 months (initially $2,546).

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. The 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan is structured with a springing lockbox and springing cash management. The borrower was required at origination to deliver tenant payment-direction letters (one for each tenant at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property) to the lender. Following the occurrence of the initial Cash Management Period (as defined below), (i) the lender will deliver the letters to the tenants at the 1000 Windward Concourse Property directing them to pay all rents directly into a lender-controlled lockbox account and (ii) all funds received by the borrower or manager are required to be deposited in the lockbox account within one business day following receipt. During the occurrence and continuance of a Cash Management Period (as defined below), all funds are required to be swept on each business day into the cash management account controlled by the lender and disbursed on each payment date in accordance with the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan documents, with all excess cash flow to be deposited to an excess cash reserve to be held as additional security for the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan.

 

A “Cash Management Period” will commence following the earliest to occur of: 

(i)an event of default under the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan;

(ii)the debt service coverage ratio falling below 1.20x (on an amortizing basis); or

(iii)the commencement of a Lease Sweep Period (as defined below).

 

 A-3-46 

 

 

1000 WINDWARD CONCOURSE

 

A Cash Management Period will end if: 

(a)with respect to clause (i) above, such event of default has been cured and no other event of default has occurred and is continuing;

(b)with respect to clause (ii) above, the 1000 Windward Concourse Property has achieved a debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.25x (on an amortizing basis) for two consecutive calendar quarters; or

(c)with respect to clause (iii) above, such Lease Sweep Period has ended.

 

A “Lease Sweep Period” will commence following the earliest to occur of:

(i)(a) with respect to Agilysys, six months prior to the end of the term of its lease (“Agilysys Lease”) or (b) with respect to Kinder Morgan, Travelers or any other tenant that leases more than 10.0% of the net rentable area or contributes more than 10.0% of the total base rent (each such tenant, together with Agilysys, a “Major Tenant”), nine months prior to the end of the term of its lease (including any renewal terms) (each such lease, together with the Agilysys Lease, a “Major Lease”);

(ii)the date (a) required under a Major Lease by which the applicable Major Tenant is required to give notice to renew thereunder (and such renewal has not been so exercised) or (b) upon which any Major Tenant gives notice of its intention not to renew or extend its Major Lease;

(iii)a Major Lease being surrendered, cancelled or terminated prior to its then current expiration date;

(iv)a Major Tenant discontinuing or giving notice to discontinue its business in its leased premises (i.e., “goes dark”);

(v)the occurrence and continuance (beyond any applicable notice and cure periods) of a default under a Major Lease by the applicable Major Tenant; or

(vi)the occurrence of a Major Tenant insolvency proceeding.

 

A Lease Sweep Period will end upon:

(a)the date on which $750,000 for Agilysys ($22.24 per Agilysys’ square footage), $1,350,000 for Travelers ($9.63 per Travelers’ square footage), or $900,000 for Kinder Morgan ($20.39 per Kinder Morgan’s square footage) or in the case of any other Major Tenant sufficient funds, have been collected in the rollover reserve necessary to pay for all anticipated expenses in connection with the re-leasing of the applicable space including any anticipated shortfalls of payments required in relation to the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan due to down-time or free rent periods (such amount, a “Lease Sweep Threshold Amount”), or

(b)the occurrence of any of the following:

(1)with respect to clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) above, the earlier to occur of (A) the date on which the subject Major Tenant exercises its renewal or extension option for a period of at least three years with respect to either all of the space demised under its Major Lease or such portion of the space demised under its Major Lease such that the debt yield (based on the then outstanding principal balance) is greater than or equal to 9.0%, which renewal or extension is at an annual rental rate that is reasonably acceptable to the lender, and funds have been accumulated in the rollover reserve (during the continuance of the subject Lease Sweep Period) in an amount equal to the appropriate Lease Sweep Threshold Amount, or (B) the date on which either all of the space demised under the subject Major Lease that gave rise to the subject Lease Sweep Period, or such portion of the space demised under the subject Major Lease that gave rise to the subject Lease Sweep Period as will result in the debt yield (based on the then outstanding principal balance) being equal to or greater than 9.0%, has been fully leased pursuant to one or more replacement leases, each applicable tenant is in occupancy and paying unabated rent, all leasing expenses have been paid in full and each applicable tenant delivers an acceptable estoppel certificate (a “Tenant Space Re-Tenanting Event”);

(2)with respect to clause (iv) above, either (A) (i) the Major Tenant recommencing operations in accordance with the terms of its Major Lease and paying full unabated monthly rent and (ii) the Major Tenant having executed and provided to the lender an acceptable estoppel certificate or (B) a Tenant Space Re-Tenanting Event;

(3)with respect to clause (v) above, the subject Major Tenant default having been cured, and no other default with respect to the Major Tenant having occurred for a period of six consecutive months following such cure; or

(4)with respect to clause (vi) above, (A) the bankruptcy-related event having been terminated, (B) the applicable Major Lease having been affirmed, assumed or assigned in a manner satisfactory to the lender and (C) the applicable Major Tenant having provided to the lender an acceptable estoppel certificate.

 

Property Management. The 1000 Windward Concourse Property is managed by an affiliate of the borrower sponsor.

 

Assumption. The borrower has the right to transfer the 1000 Windward Concourse Property, provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including: (i) no event of default under the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan documents has occurred and is continuing, (ii) the borrower has provided the lender with prior written notice, (iii) the proposed transferee qualifies as a qualified transferee under the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan documents, (iv) the payment of a transfer fee of 1.0% of the then outstanding principal balance of the 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan and (v) the lender has received a rating agency confirmation that such assumption will not result in a downgrade of the respective ratings assigned to the WFCM Series 2018-C48 certificates.

 

Partial Release. Not permitted.

 

Terrorism Insurance. The 1000 Windward Concourse Mortgage Loan documents require that the “all risk” insurance policy required to be maintained by the borrower provides coverage for terrorism in an amount equal to the full replacement cost of the 1000 Windward Concourse Property, or that if the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015 is no longer in effect and such policies contain an exclusion for acts of terrorism, the borrower will obtain, to the extent available, a stand-alone policy that provides the same coverage as the policies would have if such exclusion did not exist.

 

 A-3-47 

 

 

STARWOOD HOTEL PORTFOLIO

 

(graphic) 

 

 A-3-48 

 

 

STARWOOD HOTEL PORTFOLIO

 

(graphic) 

 

 A-3-49 

 

 

No. 6 – Starwood Hotel Portfolio
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Wells Fargo Bank, National Association   Single Asset/Portfolio: Portfolio

  Property Type: Hospitality
Original Principal Balance(1): $30,000,000   Specific Property Type: Various
Cut-off Date Balance(1): $30,000,000   Location: Various
% of Initial Pool Balance: 3.6%   Size: 2,943 Rooms
Loan Purpose: Refinance   Cut-off Date Balance Per Room(1): $90,044
Borrower Names(2): Various   Year Built/Renovated: Various – See Table
Borrower Sponsor: SCG Hotel Investors Holdings L.P.   Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 5.150%   Property Manager: Schulte Hospitality Group, Inc.
Note Date: August 16, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 73.0% (12/31/2014)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 72.4% (12/31/2015)
Maturity Date: September 11, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(5): 71.5% (12/31/2016)
IO Period: 120 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(5): 72.0% (12/31/2017)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of)(5): 72.5% (5/31/2018)
Seasoning: 3 months    
Amortization Term (Original): NAP   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Balloon   4th Most Recent NOI (As of): $32,310,013 (12/31/2015)
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of)(6): $29,372,183 (12/31/2016)
Call Protection(3): L(11),GRTR 1% or YM(16),GRTR 1% or YM or D(86),O(7)   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of)(6): $29,477,118 (12/31/2017)
    Most Recent NOI (As of)(6): $29,954,374 (TTM 5/31/2018)
Lockbox Type: Soft/Springing Cash Management   U/W Revenues: $106,614,582
Additional Debt(1): Yes   U/W Expenses: $73,391,622
Additional Debt Type(1): Pari Passu   U/W NOI(6): $33,222,960
      U/W NCF: $28,658,491
          U/W NOI DSCR(1): 2.40x
          U/W NCF DSCR(1): 2.07x
Escrows and Reserves(4):         U/W NOI Debt Yield(1): 12.5%
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NCF Debt Yield(1): 10.8%
Taxes $0 Springing NAP   As-Is Appraised Value(7): $401,000,000
Insurance $0 Springing NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date(7) : Various
FF&E Reserve $0 $330,760 NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(1)(7) : 66.1%
PIP Reserve $5,408,895 $0 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity(1)(7): 66.1%
             
               
(1)The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan (as defined below) is part of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan (as defined below), which comprises four pari passu notes with an aggregate original principal balance of $265,000,000. The Cut-off Date Balance per Room, Maturity Date Balance per Room, UW NOI Debt Yield, UW NOI Debt Yield at Maturity, UW NCF DSCR, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and Maturity Date LTV Ratio numbers presented are based on the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan.
(2)See “The Borrower” Section.
(3)Prepayment of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan is permitted at any time on or after September 11, 2019 (the “Prepayment Lockout Date”). Defeasance of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan is permitted at any time after the earlier of (i) October 11, 2021 and (ii) two years from the closing date of the securitization that includes the last pari passu note of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan to be securitized (the “Defeasance Lockout Date”). The assumed defeasance lockout period of 27 payments is based on the closing date of this transaction in December 2018.
(4)See “Escrows” section.
(5)The Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel property (the “RDM Property”) was closed for renovations from August 2016 through mid-October 2018, and was therefore excluded from the total portfolio historic occupancy in 2016, 2017 and May 31, 2018.
(6)The increase from Most Recent NOI to UW NOI was due to the inclusion of the RDM Property in underwriting. The RDM Property was closed for renovations from August 2016 through mid-October 2018, and was therefore excluded from the historical 2016, 2017 and TTM 5/31/2018 cash flows. The RDM Property’s underwritten cash flows are based on cash flow estimates set forth in the related appraisal. See “The Properties” and “Cash Flow Analysis” below.
(7)The individual property level appraised values total $377,700,000, which would equate to a Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity of 70.2%; however, the appraisal concluded to a portfolio value of $401,000,000 based on the assumption that the entire portfolio is marketed to a single purchaser.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan”) is part of a whole loan (the “Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan”) evidenced by four pari passu promissory notes in the aggregate original principal balance of $265,000,000, which are secured by the first priority fee interest in a portfolio of 22 hospitality properties (the “Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties”). The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan was originated on August 16, 2018 by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association. The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan had an original principal balance of $265,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $265,000,000 and accrues interest at an interest rate of 5.150% per annum. The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 117 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires payments of interest only through the loan term. The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan matures on September 11, 2028.

 

The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Mortgage Loan, evidenced by the non-controlling Note A-4, will be contributed to the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust, had an original principal balance of $30,000,000 and has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $30,000,000. The controlling Note A-1 had an original principal balance of $70,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $70,000,000 and was contributed to the WFCM 2018-C47 securitization trust. The non-controlling Note A-2 had an

 

 A-3-50 

 

 

Starwood Hotel Portfolio

 

original principal balance of $65,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $65,000,000 and was contributed to the BANK 2018-BNK14 securitization trust. The non-controlling Note A-3 had an original principal balance of $100,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $100,000,000 and was contributed to the BANK 2018-BNK15 securitization trust. The mortgage loans evidenced by Notes A-1, A-2, and A-3 are collectively referred to herein as the “Starwood Hotel Portfolio Companion Loans”. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement” in the Prospectus.

 

Note Summary 

Notes Original Principal Balance   Note Holder Controlling Interest
A-1 $70,000,000   WFCM 2018-C47 Yes
A-2 $65,000,000   BANK 2018-BNK14 No
A-3 $100,000,000   BANK 2018-BNK15 No
A-4 $30,000,000   WFCM 2018-C48 No
Total $265,000,000      

 

Prepayment of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan is permitted at any time on or after September 11, 2019 (the “Prepayment Lockout Date”). Defeasance of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan is permitted at any time after the earlier of (i) October 11, 2021 and (ii) two years from the closing date of the securitization that includes the last pari passu note of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan to be securitized (the “Defeasance Lockout Date”). The assumed defeasance lockout period of 27 payments is based on the closing date of this transaction in December 2018.

 

Sources and Uses 

Sources         Uses      
Original loan amount $265,000,000   100.0%   Loan payoff $245,817,666   92.8%
          Closing costs 11,487,269   4.3
          Reserves 5,408,895   2.0
          Return of equity 2,286,170   0.9
Total Sources $265,000,000   100.0%   Total Uses $265,000,000   100.0%   

 

The Properties. The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties comprise 22 hotels offering a range of amenities across limited service, select service, full service and extended stay properties. The largest individual property (Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel) accounts for 13.4% of total rooms and 12.1% of underwritten net cash flow, and no other individual property accounts for more than 7.1% of total rooms or 10.5% of underwritten net cash flow. All of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties have been built or renovated since 2012, with 19 properties representing 89.6% of underwritten net cash flow having been renovated since 2015. The hotels range in size from 77 to 393 rooms with an average room count of 134 rooms.

 

Approximately $81.5 million ($27,693 per room) of capital expenditures have been made at the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties since 2015, and the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower has budgeted for approximately $31.9 million ($10,836 per room) in additional capital expenditures through 2022. Of the $31.9 million of budgeted capital expenditures, approximately $5.4 million ($1,838 per room) relates to brand-mandated renovations required by the related franchise agreements, which were reserved for at origination. The remainder of the budgeted expenditures relate to elective renovations and are not required to be completed by the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan documents and were not reserved for.

 

The RDM Property is an 11-story, 209-room, full service hotel originally built in 1887 that had been offline for renovations from August 2016 until partially re-opening on October 15, 2018 and is expected to be fully open in December 2018. Such renovations total approximately $33.2 million ($158,753 per room) and included complete guest-facing upgrades and updating all mechanical, electrical and HVAC systems. The RDM Property accounts for 8.9% of the allocated loan amount, 7.1% of total rooms, and 9.3% of underwritten net cash flow.

  

 A-3-51 

 

 

Starwood Hotel Portfolio

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties:

 

Property Name City / State Year Built / Renovated No. of Rooms Allocated Cut-off Date Balance(1) % of
Portfolio
Cut-off
Date
Balance
Appraised
Value
Allocated
 Cut-off
Date LTV
UW Net
Cash Flow
% of
UW NCF
5/31/18
Occ.(2)
TTM
5/31/18
RevPAR
Pen.(2)
Renaissance St. Louis Airport Hotel St. Louis, MO 1987 / 2015 393  $34,965,762 13.2%  $50,100,000 69.8%  $3,480,137 12.1% 70.5% 109.2%
Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel Des Moines, IA 1887 / 2018 209  $23,659,468 8.9%  $33,600,000(3) 70.4%(3) $2,673,235(3) 9.3%(3) (3) (3)
Residence Inn St. Louis Downtown St. Louis, MO 2006 / 2017 188  $22,193,837 8.4%  $31,800,000 69.8%  $2,381,957 8.3% 75.5% 123.0%
Doubletree Hotel West Palm Beach Airport West Palm Beach, FL 1987 / 2015 175  $21,914,669 8.3%  $29,700,000 73.8%  $3,016,297 10.5% 87.7% 104.4%
Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront Gulfport, MS 1972 / 2015 149  $15,772,979 6.0%  $22,600,000 69.8%  $1,428,547 5.0% 65.7% 106.6%
Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown Atlanta, GA 1915 / 2012 156  $14,656,308 5.5%  $21,000,000 69.8%  $1,413,835 4.9% 69.5% 87.0%
Hotel Indigo Chicago Vernon Hills Vernon Hills, IL 1997 / 2015 127  $13,469,845 5.1%  $19,300,000 69.8%  $1,291,636 4.5% 68.4% 92.6%
Springhill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale Burr Ridge, IL 2000 / 2015 128  $12,074,006 4.6%  $17,300,000 69.8%  $1,432,507 5.0% 70.8% 126.3%
Holiday Inn & Suites Green Bay Stadium Green Bay, WI 2007 / 2015 118  $11,794,838 4.5%  $16,900,000 69.8%  $1,314,971 4.6% 72.1% 98.6%
Springhill Suites Chicago Elmhurst Oakbrook Area Elmhurst, IL 2000 / 2015 128  $10,817,751 4.1%  $15,500,000 69.8%  $1,223,279 4.3% 77.5% 146.3%
Hilton Garden Inn Wichita Wichita, KS 2000 / 2016 103  $9,421,912 3.6%  $13,500,000 69.8%  $1,198,180 4.2% 78.5% 144.5%
Courtyard Norman Norman, OK 2009 / 2016 113  $8,095,865 3.1%  $11,600,000 69.8%  $827,823 2.9% 65.4% 115.2%
Springhill Suites Scranton Wilkes Barre Moosic, PA 2012 / NAP 102  $7,746,905 2.9%  $11,100,000 69.8%  $829,052 2.9% 73.9% 94.9%
Courtyard Salisbury Salisbury, MD 2006 / 2015 106  $7,467,738 2.8%  $10,700,000 69.8%  $636,356 2.2% 66.1% 118.4%
Homewood Suites St. Louis Riverport Airport West Maryland Heights, MO 2007 / 2017 104  $7,397,946 2.8%  $10,600,000 69.8%  $662,010 2.3% 76.3% 129.2%
Residence Inn Rocky Mount Rocky Mount, NC 1999 / 2016 77  $7,397,946 2.8%  $10,600,000 69.8%  $784,222 2.7% 72.7% 121.2%
Hampton Inn and Suites Wichita Northeast Wichita, KS 2009 / 2017 102  $7,048,986 2.7%  $10,100,000 69.8%  $898,704 3.1% 72.1% 128.8%
Residence Inn Salisbury Salisbury, MD 2007 / 2015 84  $6,979,194 2.6%  $10,000,000 69.8%  $585,659 2.0% 77.0% 125.3%
Courtyard Rocky Mount Rocky Mount, NC 2000 / 2015 90  $5,653,147 2.1%  $8,100,000 69.8%  $614,727 2.1% 67.6% 97.0%
Springhill Suites Wichita East at Plazzio Wichita, KS 2009 / 2016 102  $5,583,355 2.1%  $8,000,000 69.8%  $628,629 2.2% 69.1% 99.0%
Residence Inn Wichita East at Plazzio Wichita, KS 2005 / 2013 93  $5,583,355 2.1%  $8,000,000 69.8%  $736,422 2.6% 73.3% 109.6%
Hampton Inn Oklahoma City Northwest Oklahoma City, OK 1997 / 2016 96  $5,304,188 2.0%  $7,600,000 69.8%  $600,304 2.1% 70.3% 102.2%
Total/Weighted Average     2,943 $265,000,000 100.0% $401,000,000(4) 66.1% $28,658,491 100.0% 72.5%(3) 112.5%(3)

 

(1)Balances shown are for the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan.
(2)Occupancy shown was obtained from borrower operating statements, and RevPAR Penetration Rates were obtained from various third party reports.

(3)The RDM Property is excluded from the total portfolio weighted averages for occupancy and RevPAR penetration, as it was closed for renovations from August 2016 through mid-October 2018. The RDM Property partially re-opened on October 15, 2018 and is expected to be fully open in December 2018. The UW Net Cash Flow for the RDM Property is based on assumptions set forth in the related appraisal. The appraised value shown represents the as if complete value as of July 6, 2018. The as-is appraised value as of July 6, 2018 is $27,700,000, which would equate to an allocated Cut-off Date LTV of 85.4%.

(4)

The individual property level appraised values total $377,700,000, which would equate to a Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity of 70.2%; however, the appraisal concluded to a portfolio value of $401,000,000 based on the assumption that the entire portfolio is marketed to a single purchaser.

 

 A-3-52 

 

 

Starwood Hotel Portfolio

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the property sub-types of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties:

 

Property Sub-Type

 

Property Sub-Type # of
Hotels
# of
Rooms
UW NCF % of Total
UW NCF
Appraised Value Appraised Value
Per Room

5/31/2018
TTM RevPAR
Penetration(1)

Extended Stay 5 546  $5,150,270 18.0%  $71,000,000 $130,037 122.0%
Full Service 4 895 $10,484,640 36.6% $130,300,000 $145,587 106.2%(2)
Select Service 6 688  $5,997,269 20.9%  $85,800,000 $124,709 111.7%
Limited Service 7 814  $7,026,310 24.5%  $90,600,000 $111,302 112.0%
Total/Weighted Average 22 2,943 $28,658,491 100.0% $401,000,000(3)    

 

(1)Information obtained from various third party reports.
(2)The RevPAR Penetration for Full Service Hotels excludes the RDM Property, which had been closed for renovations since August 2016.
(3)The individual property level appraised values total $377,700,000, which would equate to a Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity of 70.2%; however, the appraisal concluded to a portfolio value of $401,000,000 based on the assumption that the entire portfolio is marketed to a single purchaser.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the historical and budgeted capital expenditures at the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties:

 

Historical and Budgeted Capital Expenditures 

  2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 YTD 2018 Budget(2) 2019 Budget(2) 2020 Budget(2) 2021 Budget(2) 2022 Budget(2) Total
Cap Ex(1) $77 $177 $1,671 $25,620 $24,743 $25,991 $5,146 $7,134 $2,625 $1,758 $3,945 $16,428 $115,315
Per Room $26 $60 $568 $8,705 $8,407 $8,831 $1,749 $2,424 $892 $597 $1,340 $5,582 $39,183

 

(1)The capital expenditures are shown in thousands.
(2)Of the budgeted capital expenditures shown for 2018 through 2022, approximately $5.4 million relates to brand-mandated renovations required by the related franchise agreements, which were reserved at origination. The remainder of the budgeted expenditures relate to elective renovations and are not required to be completed by the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan documents and have not been reserved.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the flags and brands of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties:

 

Property Flags and Brands 

Brand # of Hotels # of
Rooms
% of Rooms Allocated
Cut-off Date
Balance(1)
Allocated
Cut-off
Date
Balance
Per Room
UW Net
Cash Flow
% of
Total
UW NCF
Appraised
Value
LTV
Marriott                  
Renaissance 2 602 20.5%  $58,625,230  $97,384  $6,153,372(2) 21.5%(2)  $83,700,000 70.0%
Residence Inn 4 442 15.0%  $42,154,332  $95,372  $4,488,260 15.7%  $60,400,000 69.8%
Courtyard 4 458 15.6%  $36,989,729  $80,764  $3,507,453 12.2%  $53,000,000 69.8%
Springhill Suites 4 460 15.6%  $36,222,017  $78,744  $4,113,467 14.4%  $51,900,000 69.8%
Fairfield Inn 1 156 5.3%  $14,656,308  $93,951  $1,413,835 4.9%  $21,000,000 69.8%
Total Marriott 15 2,118 72.0%  $188,647,616  $89,069  $19,676,387 68.7%  $270,000,000 69.9%
Hilton                  
Homewood Suites 1 104 3.5%  $7,397,946  $71,134  $662,010 2.3%  $10,600,000 69.8%
Hampton Inn 2 198 6.7%  $12,353,174  $62,390  $1,499,008 5.2%  $17,700,000 69.8%
Hilton Garden Inn 1 103 3.5%  $9,421,912  $91,475  $1,198,180 4.2%  $13,500,000 69.8%
Doubletree 1 175 5.9%  $21,914,669  $125,227  $3,016,297 10.5%  $29,700,000 73.8%
Total Hilton 5 580 19.7%  $51,087,701  $88,082  $6,375,495 22.2%  $71,500,000 71.5%
Intercontinental                  
Holiday Inn & Suites 1 118 4.0%  $11,794,838  $99,956  $1,314,971 4.6%  $16,900,000 69.8%
Hotel Indigo 1 127 4.3%  $13,469,845  $106,062  $1,291,636 4.5%  $19,300,000 69.8%
Total Intercontinental 2 245 8.3%  $25,264,683  $103,121  $2,606,607 9.1%  $36,200,000 69.8%
Total/Weighted Average 22 2,943   $265,000,000   $90,044 28,658,491  100.0% $401,000,000(3)   

 

(1)Balances shown are for the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan.

(2)The RDM Property has been offline for renovations since August 2016, partially re-opened on October 15, 2018, and is expected to be fully open in December 2018. The UW Net Cash Flow for the RDM Property is based on the assumptions set forth in the appraisal.

(3)The individual property level appraised values total $377,700,000, which would equate to a Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity of 70.2%; however, the appraisal concluded to a portfolio value of $401,000,000 based on the assumption that the entire portfolio is marketed to a single purchaser.

 

 A-3-53 

 

 

Starwood Hotel Portfolio

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the franchise agreement expirations of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties:

 

Franchise Expiration Summary 


Year
# Hotels # Rooms % Rooms Cumulative
# of Rooms
Expiring
Cumulative %
of Rooms
Expiring
UW NCF % UW NCF
2018 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0%
2019 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0%
2020 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0%
2021 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0%
2022 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0%
2023 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0%
2024(1) 2 256 8.7% 256 8.7% $2,655,786 9.3%
2025 0 0 0.0% 256 8.7% $0 0.0%
2026(2) 1 106 3.6% 362 12.3% $636,356 2.2%
2027 1 84 2.9% 446 15.2% $585,659 2.0%
2028(3) 2 267 9.1% 713 24.2% $2,743,518 9.6%
2029 & Beyond 16 2,230 75.8% 2,943 100.0% $22,037,170 76.9%
Total/Weighted Average 22 2,943 100.0%     $28,658,491 100.0%

 

(1)The franchise agreements for SpringHill Suites Elmhurst Oakbrook Area and SpringHill Suites Chicago Southwest at Burr Ridge Hinsdale each include extension options to either 2029 or 2034 subject to certain property improvement plan requirements outlined in the respective franchise agreements.
(2)The franchise agreement for Courtyard Salisbury has one, 10-year renewal option subject to certain terms outlined in the franchise agreement.
(3)The franchise agreement for Courtyard Gulfport Beachfront has one, 10-year renewal option subject to certain terms outlined in the franchise agreement.

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and the underwritten net cash flow at the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties:

 

Cash Flow Analysis(1) 

   2015   2016(1)   2017(1)  

TTM
5/31/2018

(1)(2)

   UW
Excluding RDM
   UW RDM
Only
   UW(2)   % of
U/W
Total
Revenue
   U/W $
per
Room
 
Occupancy  72.4%   71.5%   72.0%  72.5%  72.5%   65.0%   71.9%         
ADR  $112.51   $114.55   $116.14   $116.97   $116.97   $170.98   $120.44         
RevPAR  $81.42   $81.85   $83.62   $84.77   $84.77   $111.14   $86.64         
                                     
Room Revenue  $87,465,272   $81,899,359   $83,441,436   $84,593,757   $84,593,757   $8,478,071   $93,071,828   87.3%  $31,625 
F&B Revenue  9,250,986   8,103,985   7,697,959   7,829,732   7,829,732   3,016,524   10,846,256   10.2   3,685 
Other Revenue(3)  2,669,481   2,511,951   2,252,133   2,284,070   2,284,070   412,428   2,696,498   2.5   916 
Total Revenue  $99,385,739   $92,515,295   $93,391,528   $94,707,559   $94,707,559   $11,907,023   $106,614,582   100.0%   $36,226 
                                     
Total Department Expenses  27,992,309   25,950,306   26,623,065   27,010,784   27,010,784   4,035,966   31,046,750   29.1   10,549 
Gross Operating Income  $71,393,430   $66,564,989   $66,768,463   $67,696,775   $67,696,775   $7,871,057   $75,567,832   70.9%   25,677 
                                     
  Total Undistributed Expenses  33,118,817   31,281,406   31,633,726   32,120,237   32,120,237   3,923,822   36,044,059   33.8   12,247 
    Gross Operating Profit  $38,274,613   $35,283,583   $35,134,737   35,576,538   35,576,538   $3,947,235   $39,523,773   37.1%   13,430 
                                     
Total Fixed Charges  5,964,600   5,911,400   5,657,619   5,622,164   5,622,164   678,649   6,300,813   5.9   2,141 
                                     
Net Operating Income  $32,310,013   $29,372,183   $29,477,118   $29,954,374   29,954,374   $3,268,586   $33,222,960   31.2%   $11,289 
FF&E  0   0   0   0   3,969,118   595,351   4,564,469   4.3   1,551 
  Net Cash Flow  $32,310,013   $29,372,183   $29,477,118   $29,954,374   $25,985,256   $2,673,235   $28,658,491   26.9%   $9,738 
                                     
NOI DSCR  2.34x  2.12x   2.13x   2.16x   2.16x   NAP   2.40x         
NCF DSCR  2.34x   2.12x   2.13x   2.16x   1.88x   NAP   2.07x         
NOI DY  12.2%   11.1%   11.1%   11.3%   11.3%   NAP   12.5%         
NCF DY  12.2%   11.1%   11.1%   11.3%   9.8%   NAP   10.8%         
                                     

 

(1)The RDM Property is excluded from Occupancy, ADR and RevPAR statistics and historical cash flows for 2016, 2017 and TTM 5/31/2018, as it was closed for renovations from August 2016 through mid-October 2018. The RDM Property partially re-opened on October 15, 2018, is expected to be fully open in December 2018, and is included in the UW. The underwriting for the RDM Property is based on the cash flow estimates set forth in the related appraisal.

(2)The increase from TTM 5/31/2018 NOI to UW NOI results from the inclusion of the RDM Property.
(3)Other Income consists of guest laundry/dry cleaning, ATM commissions, vending machines commissions, cancellation/attrition fees, convenience store sales, pet fees, telephone revenue, parking revenue and other miscellaneous income.
(4)The debt service coverage ratios and debt yields shown are based on the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

Appraisal. The appraiser concluded to an “as is” appraised value for the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties of $401,000,000.

 

Environmental Matters. According to the Phase I environmental site assessments, there are no recognized environmental conditions at the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties.

 

 A-3-54 

 

 

Starwood Hotel Portfolio

 

Market Overview and Competition. The portfolio is located across 16 cities in 12 states, with the largest concentrations in Missouri (23.3% of rooms, 22.8% of underwritten net cash flow), Kansas (13.6% of rooms, 12.1% of underwritten net cash flow) and Illinois (13.0% of rooms, 13.8% of underwritten net cash flow).

 

Excluding the RDM Property (which has been closed for renovations since August 2016, partially re-opened on October 15, 2018, and is expected to be fully open in December 2018), the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties reported weighted average occupancy, ADR and RevPAR penetration rates each in excess of 105% for 2015 through the trailing 12-month period ending May 31, 2018. Additionally, excluding the RDM Property, approximately 74.6% of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties based on room count achieved a RevPAR penetration in excess of 100.0% for the trailing 12-month period ending May 31, 2018.

 

The following tables present certain information relating to the weighted average historical occupancy, ADR, RevPAR and penetration rates of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties:

 

Historical Occupancy, ADR and RevPAR(1)(2) 

  Starwood Hotel Portfolio Penetration Rates
Year Occupancy ADR RevPAR Occupancy ADR RevPAR
 2015 71.9% $112.45 $80.92 105.8% 106.7% 113.1%
 2016 71.5% $114.70 $81.90 105.6% 106.4% 112.2%
 2017 72.3% $115.77 $83.78 105.5% 106.2% 111.9%
 TTM May 2018 72.7% $116.50 $84.92 105.3% 106.8% 112.5%

 

(1)Information obtained from various third party reports.
(2)The RDM Property has been closed for renovations since August 2016 and is excluded from the weighted average portfolio historic occupancy, ADR, RevPAR and penetration rates.

 

The Borrowers. The borrowers comprise 22 single-purpose Delaware limited partnerships, each of which is structured to be bankruptcy remote with two independent directors (collectively, the “Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower”). Each of the 22 borrower entities is indirectly owned by a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”), which requires each borrower entity to lease the related hotel via an operating lease to a taxable REIT subsidiary. Legal counsel to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower delivered a non-consolidation opinion in connection with the origination of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

The Borrower Sponsor. The borrower sponsor and nonrecourse guarantor is SCG Hotel Investors Holdings L.P., an affiliate of Starwood Capital Group (“Starwood”). Starwood is a private alternative investment firm with a core focus on global real estate, energy infrastructure, and oil and gas. Starwood and its affiliates have raised over $45 billion of equity capital since its inception in 1991, currently manage approximately $56 billion in assets, and have more than 3,800 employees in 11 offices around the world. Over the past 26 years, Starwood has acquired approximately $92 billion of assets across various real estate classes. As of April 2018, SCG Hotel Investors Holdings L.P. indirectly owned 276 hotels totaling more than 23,990 keys across 40 states.

 

Escrows. At origination, the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower deposited upfront reserves of $5,408,895 for property improvement plans related to the Fairfield Inn Atlanta Downtown ($983,740), Courtyard Rocky Mount ($184,616), and Renaissance Des Moines Savery Hotel ($4,240,539). The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan documents also provide for ongoing monthly reserves for furniture, fixtures and equipment (“FF&E”) equal to the greater of (i) 1/12th of 4% of aggregate gross revenue for the 12-month period ending in the month that is two months prior to the applicable payment date and (ii) the aggregate monthly deposit amount required under the franchise agreements for FF&E work (currently $330,760).

 

The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan documents do not require ongoing monthly escrows for insurance premiums as long as (i) no Cash Trap Event Period (as defined below) has occurred and is continuing; (ii) the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower provides the lender with evidence that the insurance coverage for the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties is included in a blanket policy and such policy is in full force and effect; and (iii) the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower pays all applicable insurance premiums and provides the lender with evidence of renewals. The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan documents do not require ongoing monthly escrows for taxes as long as no Cash Trap Event Period has occurred and is continuing. Upon the continuance of a Cash Trap Event Period, ongoing tax and insurance reserves are required in an amount equal to 1/12th of the estimated property taxes and insurance premiums payable during the ensuing 12 months.

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. A soft lockbox with springing cash management is in place with respect to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan. The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower, property manager and operating lessee are required to deposit property income into the lockbox account within three business days after receipt, and commercial tenants and credit card providers are required to deposit rents and income directly into the lockbox during the continuance of an event of default. During a Cash Trap Event Period, all excess cash flow is required to be held in the excess cash flow sub account as additional security for the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

A “Cash Trap Event Period” will commence upon the earliest of the following:

(i)the occurrence of an event of default under the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan;
(ii)the net cash flow debt yield falling below 8.0% for the immediately preceding calendar quarter; or
(iii)two or more franchise agreements having expired or having been terminated at any given overlapping time during the loan term.

 

 A-3-55 

 

 

Starwood Hotel Portfolio

 

A Cash Trap Event Period will end upon the occurrence of the following:

with regard to clause (i), the cure of such event of default;
with regard to clause (ii), the net cash flow debt yield being equal to or greater than 8.0% for two consecutive calendar quarters (which may be achieved by a prepayment or delivery of a letter of credit in an amount which, if applied to the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan balance, would satisfy such debt yield test); and
with regard to clause (iii), (A) the replacement of at least one of the applicable expired or terminated franchise agreements in accordance with the loan documents, or (B) the release of the applicable individual property in accordance with the loan documents (see “Partial Release”).

 

Property Management. Each of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties is subject to an individual management agreement with Schulte Hospitality Group, Inc. (“Schulte”). As of 2018, Schulte was the 12th largest hotel management company in the United States, with 108 hotels under management totaling over 15,320 keys across 26 states. Schulte has completed 62 renovations and 18 ground-up constructions since inception in 1999.

 

Assumption. The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower has the right to transfer any of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (ii) the lender’s reasonable determination that the proposed transferee and guarantor satisfy the lender’s credit review and underwriting standards, taking into consideration of transferee experience, financial strength and general business standing; and (iii) if requested by the lender, rating agency confirmation from Fitch, KBRA and Moody’s that the transfer will not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the respective ratings assigned to the Series 2018-C48 Certificates and similar confirmations from each rating agency rating any securities backed by the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Companion Loans with respect to the ratings of such securities.

 

Partial Release. After the Defeasance Lockout Date or Prepayment Lockout Date (as applicable), the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower may obtain the release of any of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties, provided that, among other things, and in accordance with the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan documents, (a) no event of default has occurred and is continuing (unless a non-monetary default specifically related to the released property is ongoing, in which event the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower may obtain the release of such property under certain conditions, which if exercised prior to the Prepayment Lockout Date may be by partial prepayment only along with any applicable yield maintenance premium); (b) the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan is either partially defeased or partially prepaid (along with any applicable yield maintenance premium) in an amount equal to the Release Price (as defined below); (c) the net cash flow debt yield for the remaining Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties immediately following the release is equal to or greater than the greater of (i) 10.81% and (ii) the net cash flow debt yield immediately prior to the release; provided, however, that the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower has the right to partially defease or prepay the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan further or deliver cash or a letter of credit as additional collateral in order to meet such debt yield test; (d) a legal opinion covering compliance in all respects with all laws, rules and regulations governing REMICs has been delivered; and (e) with respect to a partial defeasance, rating agency confirmation is received. All releases subsequent to the first release are required to match the release format, prepayment or partial defeasance, selected for the first release. The allocated loan amount for each of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties is subject to pro rata reduction by the release premium and prepayment or non-release prepayment to account for previous prepayments and partial defeasances.

 

“Release Price” is an amount equal to the following amounts; provided, however, that if the release of any individual property would cause the aggregate amount partially defeased or prepaid to exceed either the 10% or 20% thresholds outlined below, then the Release Price for such property would be equal to the product of the allocated loan amount and the pro rata weighted average of the release prices outlined below:

 

105% of the allocated loan amount for such property if less than or equal to 10% of the original principal balance of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan has been partially defeased or prepaid;
110% of the allocated loan amount for such property if more than 10% but less than or equal to 20% of the original principal balance of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan has been partially defeased or prepaid; and
115% of the allocated loan amount for such property if more than 20% of the original principal balance of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan has been partially defeased or prepaid.

 

The allocated loan amount for each property is subject to pro rata reduction to account for previous prepayments under the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan, including in connection with prior partial releases and partial defeasances.

 

Real Estate Substitution. Not permitted.

 

Subordinate and Mezzanine Indebtedness. Not permitted.

 

Ground Lease. None.

 

Terrorism Insurance. The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan documents require that the “all risk” insurance policy required to be maintained by the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower provides coverage for terrorism in an amount equal to the full replacement cost of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties. The loan documents also require business interruption insurance covering no less than the 18 month period following the occurrence of a casualty event, together with a 12 month extended period of indemnity (provided that if TRIPRA or a similar statute is not in effect, the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Borrower will not be obligated to pay terrorism insurance premiums in excess of two times the premium for the casualty and business interruption coverage on a stand-alone basis). See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the Mortgage Loans—Terrorism Insurance May Not Be Available for All Mortgaged Properties” in the Prospectus.

 

Windstorm Insurance. The Starwood Hotel Portfolio Whole Loan documents require windstorm and flood insurance covering the full replacement cost of the Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties during the loan term. At the time of loan closing, Starwood Hotel Portfolio Properties had windstorm insurance coverage and flood insurance in the maximum limit available under the National Flood Insurance Program together with excess coverage.

 

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 A-3-57 

 

 

Franklin Towne Center

 

 (graphic)

 

 A-3-58 

 

 

Franklin Towne Center

 

(graphic) 

 

 A-3-59 

 

 

No. 7 – Franklin Towne Center
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller:

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC

  Single Asset/Portfolio: Single Asset

    Property Type: Retail
  Specific Property Type: Anchored
Original Principal Balance: $29,000,000   Location: Franklin Park, NJ
Cut-off Date Balance: $29,000,000   Size: 138,364 SF
% of Initial Pool Balance: 3.5%   Cut-off Date Balance Per SF: $209.59
Loan Purpose: Refinance   Year Built/Renovated: 1993/NAP
Borrower Name: Franklin Norse, LLC   Title Vesting: Fee(2)
Borrower Sponsors: Michael Levine; Uri Moche   Property Manager:

Self-managed

Mortgage Rate: 5.410%   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(3): 100.0% (12/31/2014)
Note Date: November 20, 2018   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(3): 100.0% (12/31/2015)
Anticipated Repayment Date: October 6, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(3): 100.0% (12/31/2016)
Maturity Date: December 6, 2030   Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(3): 100.0% (12/31/2017)
IO Period: 0 months   Current Occupancy (As of)(3): 100.0% (12/1/2018)
Loan Term (Original): 118 months      
Seasoning: 0 months    
Amortization Term (Original): 264 months   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Amortizing ARD   4th Most Recent NOI (As of): $3,162,500 (12/31/2015)
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of)(3): $3,120,000 (12/31/2016)
Call Protection: L(24),D(90),O(4)   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of)(3): $3,212,500 (12/31/2017)
Lockbox Type: Hard/Springing Cash Management   Most Recent NOI (As of)(3): $3,400,000 (TTM 9/30/2018)
Additional Debt: No      
Additional Debt Type: NAP    
      U/W Revenues: $3,758,236
      U/W Expenses: $131,538
      U/W NOI: $3,626,698
      U/W NCF: $3,536,761
    U/W NOI DSCR: 1.61x
Escrows and Reserves:         U/W NCF DSCR: 1.57x
  U/W NOI Debt Yield: 12.5%
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NCF Debt Yield: 12.2%
Taxes $0 Springing NAP   As-Is Appraised Value(4): $47,800,000
Insurance $0 Springing NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: September 18, 2018
TI/LC Reserve $0 $0 NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(4): 60.7%
 Replacement Reserve $0 $2,883(1) NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD(5): 42.6%
               

(1)The monthly replacement reserve is conditionally waived as of Cut-off Date. Please see “Escrows” below.

(2)The Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan (as defined below) is secured by the borrower’s fee interest in the Franklin Towne Center Property (as defined below) but does not include the related improvements. Please see “Collateral” below.

(3)The information shown here is based solely on the terms of the master lease to Stop & Shop (as defined below).

(4)Cut-off Date LTV and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD are based on the As-Is Appraised Value of $47,800,000, which includes the improvements. The borrower owns both the land and improvements, however, the lien of the Franklin Towne Center Property (as defined below) does not include the improvements. Please see “Collateral” below.

(5)The balance at the Maturity Date, assuming no additional hyper-amortization after the Stop & Shop lease expiration date in October 2030 of approximately $14.2 million, net of the total excess cash flow collected under a Stop & Shop Non-Renewal Cash Flow Sweep (as defined below) of approximately $1.8 million would be equal to approximately $12.4 million (“Net Loan Exposure at Maturity”). Based on the Net Loan Exposure at Maturity, the LTV Ratio would be approximately 25.8% or $89.28 per square foot.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note secured by the borrower’s fee interest in the land but does not include the related improvements (although such improvements are owned by the borrower) underlying a 138,364 square foot anchored retail center that is 100% master leased to Stop & Shop Supermarket Company, LLC (“Stop & Shop”) through October 31, 2030, located in Franklin Park, New Jersey (the “Franklin Towne Center Property”). The lease is guaranteed by Koninklijke Ahold Delhaize N.V. (rated BBB/Baa1/BBB by Fitch/Moody’s/S&P), Stop & Shop’s parent company. The Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan was originated on November 20, 2018 by Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC (“AREF”). The Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan had an original principal balance of $29,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $29,000,000 and accrues interest at an interest rate of 5.410% per annum. The Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan had an initial term of 118 months, has a remaining term of 118 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires payments of principal and interest based on a 22-year amortization schedule. The Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan has an anticipated repayment date (“ARD”) of October 6, 2028 and a stated maturity date of December 6, 2030 (the “Stated Maturity Date”). In the event the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan is not repaid in full by the ARD, then, from and after the ARD, the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan will accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to the greater of (i) the Initial Interest Rate plus 3% or (ii) the Treasury rate plus 3%; provided that interest accrued after the ARD will continue to be currently payable at the Initial Interest Rate with payment of the excess interest to be deferred until the outstanding principal balance of the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan is paid in full. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool – Certain Terms of the Mortgage Loans – ARD Loans” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

 A-3-60 

 

 

Franklin Towne Center

 

Following the lockout period, on any date before July 26, 2028, the borrower has the right to defease the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan in whole, but not in part. The Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after July 6, 2028.

 

Sources and Uses 

Sources         Uses      
Original Loan amount $29,000,000   98.9%   Loan payoff $28,648,019   97.7%
Cash In 327,882     1.1   Closing costs 679,863     2.3
Total Sources $29,327,882   100.0%     Total Uses $29,327,882   100.0%    

 

The Property. The Franklin Towne Center Property is a 138,364 square foot retail shopping center located in Franklin Park, New Jersey. The Franklin Towne Center Property was built in 1993 and is situated on a 15.0 acre site. The Franklin Towne Center Property is located at the intersection of Route 27 and S. Middlebush Road, with multiple entrances along both roadways. Traffic counts along Lincoln Highway between S. Middlebush Road and Vliet Road are approximately 52,751 vehicles per day.

 

The Franklin Towne Center Property has an “L” shape and consists of 48,000 square feet of anchor space, 45,036 square feet of junior anchor space and 45,328 square feet of inline space. The Franklin Towne Center Property also contains 624 parking spaces, representing a 4.5 per 1,000 square foot ratio.

 

The Franklin Towne Center Property is 100% master leased by Stop & Shop; however, Stop & Shop does not physically occupy the Franklin Towne Center Property. Stop & Shop was the former grocery anchor tenant for the Franklin Towne Center Property but in 2005, relocated to a free-standing supermarket across the street on Route 27. Stop & Shop master leased the entire Franklin Towne Center Property reportedly to prevent a competing grocer from moving into its former location. The Stop & Shop lease has a 25-year lease term that commenced in October 2005 and expires in October 2030. The lease also provides for 11, five-year renewals which term will be automatically extended unless Stop & Shop provides at least 12-months’ notice. Each renewal option period includes annual rent steps averaging over 2.6% per year. Furthermore, the lease has a corporate guaranty from the tenant’s parent company, Koninklijke Ahold Delhaize N.V. (rated BBB/Baa1/BBB by Fitch/Moody’s/S&P), an international food retail conglomerate based in the Netherlands.

 

Under the terms of the master lease, Stop & Shop is responsible for performing all obligations of the landlord under each of the existing leases and also for entering into a property management agreement at its cost. Accordingly, the borrower’s operating statements are comprised only of rental payments from the master lessee (Stop & Shop), and net operating income is equal to the rental income paid. Stop & Shop is not required to and does not provide property-level operating revenue and expense detail to the borrower. At the time the master lease was executed, Stop & Shop was the anchor tenant and the Franklin Towne Center Property was nearly 100% occupied. Based on the site inspection conducted by AREF on November 14, 2018, a mix of retail and service tenants currently occupy approximately 90% of the inline space. Overall vacancy was estimated at 40% or 55,500 square feet, of which 48,000 vacant square feet is the former Stop & Shop box. The tenant roster includes Ocean State Job Lots, Franklin Dental Group, GNC, Club Metro Fitness, 20/20 Vision Center, Franklin Public Library and Nuevo Mexican Restaurant.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancy at the Franklin Towne Center Property:

 

Major Tenant(1) 

Tenant Name

Credit Rating

(Fitch/Moody’s/S&P)(2)

Tenant NRSF % of
NRSF
Annual U/W
Base Rent PSF(3)
Annual
U/W Base Rent(3)
% of Total
Annual
U/W Base
Rent
Lease
Expiration
Date
               
Major Tenant              
Stop & Shop BBB/Baa1/BBB 138,364 100.0% $27.64 $3,824,500 100.0% 10/31/2030
Total Major Tenant   138,364 100.0% $27.64 $3,824,500 100.0%  
               
Non Major Tenants   0 0.0%      $0.00 0 0.0%  
               
Occupied Collateral Total   138,364 100.0% $27.64 $3,824,500 100.0%  
               
Vacant Space   0 0.0%        
               
Collateral Total   138,364 100.0%        
               
               

(1)The information shown here is based solely on the terms of the master lease to Stop & Shop.

(2)The ratings are those of the parent company, Koninklijke Ahold N.V., which guarantees the lease.

(3)Annual U/W Base Rent PSF and Annual U/W Base Rent include contractual rent steps totalling $374,500 through October 2019.

  

 A-3-61 

 

 

Franklin Towne Center

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the Franklin Towne Center Property:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule(1)(2) 

Year Ending
 December 31,
No. of
Leases
Expiring
Expiring
NRSF
% of
Total
NRSF
Cumulative
Expiring
NRSF
Cumulative
% of Total
NRSF
Annual
U/W
Base Rent
% of Annual
U/W
Base Rent
Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
 PSF
MTM 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2018 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2019 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2020 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2021 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2022 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2023 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2024 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2025 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2026 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2027 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2028 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Thereafter 1 138,364 100.0% 138,364 100.0% $3,824,500 100.0% $27.64
Vacant 0 0 0.0% 138,364 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 1 138,364 100.0%     $3,824,500 100.0% $27.64

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

(2)The information shown here is based solely on the master lease to Stop & Shop.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the Franklin Towne Center Property:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2015(1)

12/31/2016(1)

12/31/2017(1)

12/1/2018 (1)

100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll and is based on the terms of the master lease to Stop & Shop.

 

Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the underwritten net cash flow at the Franklin Towne Center Property:

 

Cash Flow Analysis(1) 

  2015 2016 2017 TTM 9/30/2018 U/W % of U/W
Effective
Gross Income
U/W $ per SF
Base Rent  $3,162,500  $3,120,000  $3,212,500  $3,400,000 $3,824,500(2) 101.8% $27.64
Grossed Up Vacant Space 0 0 0 0 0 0    0
Total Reimbursables  97,809  96,495  99,356  105,155  131,538 3.5     0.95
Other Income 0 0 0 0 0 0    0
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss

0

0

0

0

(197,802)(3)

(5.3)  

(1.43)

Effective Gross Income  $3,260,309  $3,216,495  $3,311,856  $3,505,155 $3,758,236 100.0% $27.16
               
Total Operating Expenses

$97,809

$96,495

$99,356

$105,155

$131,538

3.5%

$0.95

               
Net Operating Income  $3,162,500  $3,120,000  $3,212,500  $3,400,000  $3,626,698 96.5%  $26.21
Capital Expenditures 0 0 0 0 20,755 0.6    0.15
TI/LC

0

0

0

0

69,182

1.8   

0.50

Net Cash Flow  $3,162,500  $3,120,000  $3,212,500  $3,400,000 $3,536,761 94.1% $25.56
               
NOI DSCR 1.40x 1.38x 1.42x 1.51x 1.61x    
NCF DSCR 1.40x 1.38x 1.42x 1.51x 1.57x    
NOI DY 10.9% 10.8% 11.1% 11.7% 12.5%    
NCF DY 10.9% 10.8% 11.1% 11.7% 12.2%    

 

(1)The information shown here is based solely on the master lease to Stop & Shop.

(2)Includes $374,500 in average contractual rent steps over the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan term.

(3)Economic vacancy was underwritten at 5.0%, however, the Franklin Towne Center Property is 100.0% master leased by Stop & Shop as of December 1, 2018.

 

Appraisal. As of the appraisal valuation date of September 18, 2018, the Franklin Towne Center Property had an “as-is” appraised value of $47,800,000. The appraiser also concluded to a “go dark” appraised value of $28,000,000 and a “hypothetical scenario – land value only at reversion” appraised value of $35,500,000.

 

Environmental Matters. According to a Phase I environmental site assessment dated October 1, 2018, there was no evidence of any recognized environmental conditions at the Franklin Towne Center Property except in connection with historic operations of both a dry cleaning facility and filling and service station at the Franklin Towne Center Property. See “Risk Factors—Risks Relating to the  

 

 A-3-62 

 

 

Franklin Towne Center

 

Mortgage Loans—Adverse Environmental Conditions at or Near Mortgaged Properties May Result In Losses” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

Market Overview and Competition. The Franklin Towne Center Property is located in Franklin Park, New Jersey within the Somerset County in Central New Jersey, which is approximately 45 miles southwest of Midtown Manhattan and approximately 30 miles southwest of Newark-Liberty International Airport.

 

There are a number of residential developments proximate to the Franklin Towne Center Property, including garden apartment rentals and owned single family homes. Additionally, the Franklin Towne Center Property is located less than one half mile from the free-standing Stop & Shop, a Sonic Drive-In and a Chase Bank. According to the appraisal, estimated 2017 population within a one-, three-and five-mile radius from the Franklin Towne Center Property was 12,623, 47,160, and 114,779, respectively. The estimated 2017 median household income within the same radii was $112,813, $107,913, and $115,374, respectively.

 

According to a third party report, the Franklin Towne Center Property is located in the Central New Jersey retail submarket, which has an inventory of 35.3 million square feet, average gross rent per square feet of $20.99 and a vacancy rate of 11.5% as of the second quarter of 2018.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to comparable leases to the Franklin Towne Center Property:

 

Comparable Leases - Anchor(1) 

 Property Location Year
Built
Occupancy Distance
(miles)
Total
GLA
(SF)
Tenant Name Lease Date Lease
Area
(SF)

Annual
Base
Rent
PSF

Lease
Type

Tano Mall

1199 Amboy Avenue

Edison, NJ

1973 NAV 13.5 110,000 Confidential April 2018 49,757 $14.00 NNN
                   

Plainsboro Plaza

10 Schalks Crossing Road Plainsboro, NJ

1987 NAV 6.5 218,653 Key Foods November 2017 43,153 $10.00 NNN
                   

District at Metuchen

645 Middlesex Avenue

Metuchen, NJ

2016/2017 NAV 13.0 66,510 Whole Foods October 2017 43,500 $25.00 NNN
                   

Edison Plaza

775 Route One South

Edison, NJ

1970 NAV 11.0 103,996 Shop Rite March 2017 62,346 $16.00 NNN
                   

Wick Shopping Plaza

561 Route 1 South

Edison, NJ

1987 NAV 10.3 212,000 99 Ranch Market January 2016 58,500 $18.62 NNN

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.

 

Comparable Leases - Inline(1) 

Property Location Year
Built
Occupancy Distance
(miles)
Total
GLA
(SF)
Tenant Name Lease Date Lease
Area
(SF)

Annual
Base
Rent
PSF

Lease
Type

Somerset Plaza Shopping

3151 Route 27

Franklin Park, NJ

1987 NAV 1.2 67,358 Bombay Talk Restaurant March 2018 1,600 $18.75 NNN
                   

Edison Plaza

775 Route One South
Edison, NJ

1970 NAV 11.1 103,996 Confidential January 2018 3,000 $34.00 NNN
                   

District at Metuchen

645 Middlesex Avenue

Metuchen, NJ

2016/2017 NAV 13.0 66,510 Manime Nail Salon December 2017 2,114 $31.56 NNN
                   

Rutger’s Plaza

922-982 Easton Avenue Somerset, NJ

1973 NAV 7.0 185,986 Flame Kabob House December 2017 1,500 $18.00 NNN
                   

Edison Woods Shopping

1010 Route 1

Edison, NJ

1992 NAV 12.0 195,527 BestRentNJ November 2017 2,306 $25.95 NNN
                   

706 US Highway 206

706 US Highway 206

Hillsborough, NJ

1984 NAV 6.4 27,071 Vivi Nail & Spa July 2017 1,488 $23.00 NNN
                   

2245-2267 Woodbridge

2245-2267 Woodbridge

Piscataway, NJ

1997 NAV 10.4 10,080 S&J Laundries, Inc. April 2017 1,477 $17.00 NNN

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.

 

 A-3-63 

 

 

Franklin Towne Center

 

The Borrower. The borrower for the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan is Franklin Norse, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a special purpose entity with one independent director. Legal counsel to the borrower delivered a non-consolidation opinion in connection with the origination of the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan. Michael Levine and Uri Moche are the guarantors of certain nonrecourse carveouts under the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan.

 

The Borrower Sponsors. The borrower sponsors are Michael Levine and Uri Moche, the managers of Franklin Norse, LLC and Levittown Norse Associates, LLC. In 1962, Michael Levine co-founded Norse Realty Group, a family-run commercial real estate company based in New York. Norse Realty Group specializes in the development, redevelopment, ownership and management of commercial real estate throughout the New York City metropolitan area. The Norse Realty Group’s portfolio includes 18 commercial retail and office properties totaling approximately 500,000 square feet.

 

Escrows. The Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents do not provide for any upfront reserves.

 

The Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents provide for ongoing monthly escrows of $2,883 for replacement reserves, which is waived as of Cut-Off Date and will be waived by the lender if (i) no Trigger Period (as defined below) exists, (ii) the Reserve Waiver Conditions (as defined below) have been satisfied, and (iii) the Specified Tenant (as defined below) lease obligates Specified Tenant to pay for all replacements at the Franklin Towne Center Property and has provided satisfactory evidence to the lender that the Specified Tenant is in compliance with its obligations to perform and pay for all replacements. Under the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents, monthly reserves for real estate taxes or insurance premiums will be conditionally waived, provided that Stop & Shop is obligated to maintain and pay in full (a) all real estate taxes and assessments directly to the applicable municipality and (b) the premiums for acceptable insurance policies.

 

“Reserve Waiver Conditions” mean (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing, (ii) Specified Tenant’s lease is in full force and effect with no continuing defaults, (iii) the Specified Tenant continues to make the payments and perform the obligations required under the Specified Tenant’s lease, in each case, relating to the obligations and liabilities for which the replacement reserve was established and delivers evidence of the same by no later than the dates required under the loan documents, (iv) the Specified Tenant is not bankrupt or insolvent and (v) the Specified Tenant has not terminated, canceled or defaulted under the Specified Tenant’s Lease (including, without limitation, in connection with any rejection in any bankruptcy or similar insolvency proceeding).

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. The Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan is structured with a hard lockbox and springing cash management. The borrower was required at origination to deliver letters to the tenant at the Franklin Towne Center Property directing it to pay all rents directly into a lender-controlled lockbox account. All funds received by the borrower or manager are required to be deposited in the lockbox account within one business day following receipt. During the occurrence and continuance of a Trigger Period (as defined below), all funds are required to be swept each business day into the cash management account controlled by the lender and disbursed on each payment date in accordance with the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents, with all excess cash flow to be deposited to an excess cash reserve to be held as additional security for the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan.

 

A “Trigger Period” will commence following the earliest to occur of any of the following:

 

(i)an event of default under the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan;

 

(ii)the debt yield falling below 8.0x;

 

(iii)the commencement of a Specified Tenant Trigger Period (as defined below);

 

(iv)an election by Stop & Shop to demolish the improvements and not rebuild the improvements following a casualty;

 

(v)December 6, 2027, unless the Stop & Shop lease has been renewed for a period not less than five years after the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan stated maturity date and in accordance with certain other requirements in the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents (“Stop & Shop Non-Renewal Cash Flow Sweep”); and

 

(vi)the ARD on October 6, 2028.

 

From and after the ARD, no Trigger Period will be deemed to have expired. Prior to the ARD, a Trigger Period will only be deemed to have expired upon the occurrence of the following:

 

(a)with respect to the matters described in clause (i) above, such event of default has been cured and no other event of default having occurred and being continuing;

 

(b)with respect to the matter described in clause (ii) above, the Franklin Towne Center Property has achieved a debt yield of at least 8.0% for two consecutive calendar quarters;

 

(c)with respect to the matter described in clause (iii) above, such Specified Tenant Trigger Period (as defined below) having ended; or

 

(d)with respect to the matter described in clause (v) above, unless the lender has determined that that (a) the Stop & Shop lease has been renewed for a period ending not less than five years after the Stated Maturity Date, and (b) the Stop & Shop lease, as so renewed, requires payment of rent equal to the greater of (i) not less than ninety percent (90%) of the aggregate gross rents payable under the Stop & Shop lease immediately prior to the commencement of such renewal term, and (ii) an amount sufficient to generate a DSCR of 1.25x.

 

 A-3-64 

 

 

Franklin Towne Center

 

A “Specified Tenant Trigger Period” will commence following the earliest to occur of any of the following:

 

(i)a Specified Tenant (as defined below) being in monetary or material non-monetary default under its lease beyond any applicable notice and cure periods;

 

(ii)Specified Tenant giving notice that it is terminating its lease for any material portion of its space;

 

(iii)any termination or cancellation of any Specified Tenant lease;

 

(iv)any bankruptcy or similar insolvency of Specified Tenant;

 

(v)a Specified Tenant failing to extend or renew its lease upon the earlier of the required renewal notice period or the date which is 12 months prior to the expiration of the then applicable term; or

 

(vi)a lease guarantor ceasing to maintain a long-term unsecured debt rating of at least “Baa3” from Moody's and an equivalent rating from each of the other rating agencies which rate such entity. In the event that the lease guarantor’s rating remains at least “Ba1” or “Ba2” from Moody’s and an equivalent rating from each of the other rating agencies which rate such entity, 25.0% of all available excess cash flow will be swept, and in the event the rating remains at least “Ba3” from Moody’s and an equivalent rating from each of the other rating agencies which rate such entity, 50.0% of all available excess cash flow will be swept, in each such case subject to a $3,500,000 cap.

 

A “Specified Tenant Trigger Period” will end if the applicable Specified Tenant:

 

(a)has cured all defaults under the applicable Specified Tenant lease;

 

(b)is in actual, physical possession of the Specified Tenant space (or applicable portion thereof), open to the public for business during customary hours and not “dark;”

 

(c)has revoked or rescinded all termination or cancellation notices with respect to the applicable Specified Tenant lease and has reaffirmed the applicable Specified Tenant lease as being in full force and effect;

 

(d)if applicable, has renewed or extended the applicable Specified Tenant lease in accordance with the requirements of the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents;

 

(e)if applicable, is no longer insolvent or subject to any bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings and has affirmed the applicable Specified Tenant lease;

 

(f)is paying full, unabated rent under the applicable Specified Tenant lease; and

 

(e)if related to a failure to satisfy certain credit rating conditions, satisfies such requirements under the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents.

 

A “Specified Tenant” means, as applicable, (i) Stop & Shop and (ii) any other lessee(s) of that portion of the Franklin Towne Center Property initially occupied by Stop & Shop (or any portion thereof) and any guarantor(s) of any related lease (s).

 

Property Management. The Franklin Towne Center Property is managed by CSC Global, an affiliate of the borrower.

 

Assumption. The borrower has, at any time after 60 days following the securitization of the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan, the right to transfer the Franklin Towne Center Property, not more than two times and provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including: (i) no event of default under the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents has occurred and is continuing, (ii) the borrower has provided the lender with prior written notice, (iii) the proposed transferee qualifies as a qualified transferee under the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents, (iv) the payment of a transfer fee of 0.5% of the then outstanding principal balance of the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan in the case of the first transfer, and 1.0% of the then outstanding principal balance of the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan in the case of the second transfer, and (v) the lender has received rating agency confirmation that such assumption will not result in a downgrade of the respective ratings assigned to the WFCM Series 2018-C48 certificates.

 

Partial Release. Not permitted.

 

Real Estate Substitution. Not permitted.

 

Ground Lease. None.

 

Collateral. The collateral for the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan consists of the borrower's interest in the land and related interests, but the mortgage lien on the Franklin Towne Center Property does not include the related improvements as required pursuant to the Stop and Shop lease. The appraisal concluded a value for the collateral specifically secured by the mortgage lien on the Franklin Towne Center Property of $35,500,000. Based on that appraised value, the Cut-off Date LTV and Balloon LTV would be 81.7% and 57.3%, respectively. The borrower has covenanted, in a declaration that was recorded by the lender, not to encumber the improvements, and to convey those improvements to the lender upon a foreclosure on the Franklin Towne Center Property or delivery of a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. If the borrower breaches either of those covenants, the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan is fully recourse to the borrower and the borrower sponsors. However, because a REMIC cannot acquire foreclosure property if a mortgage lien did not exist on such property immediately before default on the related loan was imminent, the trust fund will be required to obtain, prior to acquiring the improvements, an opinion of counsel that the acquisition and ownership of such improvements will not cause the REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC. As a result, in connection with the exercise of remedies following a default, the lender may be required to simultaneously foreclose on the Franklin Towne Center Property and direct the conveyance of the improvements

 

 A-3-65 

 

 

Franklin Towne Center

 

to a third party purchaser, or to sell the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan, which could result in the trust fund realizing less proceeds than would have occurred had it been able to foreclose on the land and improvements. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Mortgage Pool Characteristics—Property Types—Retail Properties” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

Terrorism Insurance. The borrower owns the land and improvements but the collateral security of the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents does not include the improvements. Pursuant to its related lease, the sole tenant at the Franklin Towne Center Property, Stop & Shop, is permitted to provide the insurance for the improvements. As of the origination date, terrorism insurance is provided by the tenant, provided, however, the related lease does not require the tenant to maintain such terrorism insurance. In addition, Stop & Shop may self-insure property and liability coverages provided that Stop & Shop maintains a net worth in excess of $100,000,000. In the event the Stop & Shop lease terminates, the Franklin Towne Center Mortgage Loan documents require that the “all risk” insurance policy required to be maintained by the borrower provide coverage for terrorism in an amount equal to the full replacement cost of the Franklin Towne Center Property. 

 

 A-3-66 

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK)

 

 A-3-67 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

 

 

 A-3-68 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

 

 

 

 A-3-69 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

 

 

 A-3-70 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

 

 

 A-3-71 

 

 

No. 8 – Christiana Mall

 

Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Barclays Bank PLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Single Asset

  Property Type: Retail
Original Principal Balance(1): $28,000,000   Specific Property Type: Super Regional Mall
Cut-off Date Balance(1): $28,000,000   Location: Newark, DE
% of Initial Pool Balance: 3.4%   Size: 779,084 SF
Loan Purpose: Refinance   Cut-off Date Balance Per SF(1): $433.84
Borrower Name: Christiana Mall LLC   Year Built/Renovated: 1978/2014
Sponsors: GGP Inc.; PPF Retail, LLC   Title Vesting: Fee/Leasehold
Mortgage Rate: 4.2775%   Property Manager: Self-managed
Note Date: July 12, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(5): 99.2% (12/31/2014)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(5): 99.3% (12/31/2015)
Maturity Date: August 1, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(5): 99.8% (12/31/2016)
IO Period: 120 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(5): 99.0% (12/31/2017)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of)(5): 98.3% (5/31/2018)
Seasoning: 4 months    
Amortization Term (Original): NAP   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Balloon      
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   4th Most Recent NOI (As of): $41,918,054 (12/31/2015)
Call Protection(2): L(28),D(85),O(7)   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of): $43,957,559 (12/31/2016)
Lockbox Type: Hard/Springing Cash Management   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of): $43,514,169 (12/31/2017)
Additional Debt(1)(3): Yes   Most Recent NOI (As of): $43,550,426 (TTM 5/31/2018)
Additional Debt Type(1)(3): Pari Passu; Subordinate Secured Debt; Future Mezzanine      
      U/W Revenues: $56,260,022
      U/W Expenses: $9,514,932
      U/W NOI: $46,745,090
          U/W NCF: $46,104,564
Escrows and Reserves(4):         U/W NOI DSCR(1): 3.19x
          U/W NCF DSCR(1): 3.15x
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NOI Debt Yield(1): 13.8%
Taxes $0 Springing NAP   U/W NCF Debt Yield(1): 13.6%
Insurance $0 Springing NAP   As-Is Appraised Value: $1,040,000,000
Replacement Reserve $0 Springing $241,565   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: June 5, 2018
TI/LC Reserve $0 Springing $1,449,387   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(1): 32.5%
Outstanding TI/LC Reserve $1,804,093 $0 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD(1): 32.5%
               

(1)See “The Mortgage Loan” section. The Cut-off Date Balance per SF, U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD presented above are based on the Christiana Mall Senior Loan (as defined below). The Cut-off Date Balance per SF, U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD based on the Christiana Mall Whole Loan (as defined below) are $706, 1.96x, 1.93x, 8.5%, 8.4%, 52.9% and 52.9%, respectively.
(2)The lockout period will be at least 28 payments, beginning with and including the first payment date of September 1, 2018. Defeasance of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan is permitted at any time after the earlier to occur of (i) two years after the closing date of the securitization that includes the last note to be securitized or (ii) July 12, 2021. The assumed lockout period of 28 payments is based on the expected WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust closing date in December 2018.
(3)See “Subordinate and Mezzanine Indebtedness” section.
(4)See “Escrows” section.
(5)See “Historical Occupancy” table.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan”) is part of a whole loan (the “Christiana Mall Whole Loan”) in the aggregate original principal amount of $550,000,000, evidenced by thirteen pari passu senior notes with an aggregate original principal balance of $338,000,000 (the “Christiana Mall Senior Loan”) and three pari passu subordinate notes with an original principal balance of $212,000,000 (the “Christiana Mall B Notes”) secured by a first mortgage encumbering the fee and leasehold interest in 779,084 square feet of a 1,275,084 square foot super regional mall located in Newark, Delaware (the “Christiana Mall Property”). The Christiana Mall Whole Loan was co-originated on July 12, 2018 by Barclays Bank PLC, Société Générale, and Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch. The Christiana Mall Senior Loan had an original principal balance of $338,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $338,000,000 and accrues interest at a rate of 4.2775% per annum. The Christiana Mall B Notes had an original principal balance of $212,000,000, have an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $212,000,000, and accrue interest at a rate of 4.2775% per annum. The Christiana Mall Whole Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 116 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires interest only payments for the entirety of the term. The Christiana Mall Whole Loan matures on August 1, 2028.

 

 A-3-72 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

The non-controlling Note A-1-D, which will be contributed to the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust, had an original principal balance of $28,000,000 and has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $28,000,000. The controlling Note A-1-A and non-controlling Notes A-2-A and A-3-A, which have been contributed to the BBCMS 2018-CHRS securitization trust, had an aggregate original principal balance of $72,320,000 and have an aggregate outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $72,320,000. The non-controlling Notes A-1-C and A-1-E had an original principal balance of $54,840,000, have an aggregate outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $54,840,000, and are expected to be contributed to the BBCMS 2018-C2 securitization trust. The non-controlling note A-2-B had an original principal balance of $30,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance of $30,000,000, and was contributed to the UBS 2018-C13 securitization trust. The non-controlling Notes A-3-B and A-3-C had an aggregate original principal balance of $53,136,000, have an aggregate outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $53,136,000, and were contributed to the DBGS 2018-C1 securitization trust. The non-controlling Note A-2-C had an original principal balance of $30,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $30,000,000, and is expected to be contributed to the UBS 2018-C14 securitization trust. The non-controlling Notes A-2-D and A-2-E had an aggregate original principal balance of $19,704,000, have an aggregate outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $19,704,000, are held by Société Générale and are expected to be contributed to one or more future securitization transactions. The Christiana Mall B Notes, which have been contributed to the BBCMS 2018-CHRS securitization trust, had an aggregate original principal balance of $212,000,000 and have an aggregate outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $212,000,000. The lender provides no assurances that the non-securitized pari passu notes will not be split further. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The AB Whole Loans—The Christiana Mall Whole Loan” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement” in the Prospectus.

 

Note Summary 

Christiana Mall Whole Loan ($550,000,000)
Christiana Mall Pari Passu Companion Notes ($338,000,000)

Companion A
Notes

BBCMS 2018-
CHRS

 

$72,320,000

Notes A-1-A, A-2-A, A-3-A

Companion A
Note

WFCM 2018-
C48

 

$28,000,000

Note A-1-D

Companion A
Note

UBS 2018-
C13

 

$30,000,000

Note A-2-B 

 

Companion A
Note

WFCM 2018-
C47

 

$50,000,000

Note A-1-B

Companion A
Note

DBGS 2018-
C1

 

$53,136,000

Notes A-3-B, A-3-C

Companion A
Note

UBS 2018-
C14

 

$30,000,000

Note A-2-C

Companion A
Note

BBCMS 2018-
C2

 

$54,840,000

Notes A-1-C, A-1-E

Companion A
Notes

Future Conduit
Securitizations

 

$19,704,000

Notes A-2-D and A-2-E

Christiana Mall Subordinate Companion Notes ($212,000,000)

Subordinate Companion B Notes

BBCMS 2018-CHRS

$212,000,000

Notes B-1, B-2, B-3

 

Following the lockout period, on any date before February 1, 2028, the borrower has the right to defease the Christiana Mall Whole Loan in whole, but not in part. In addition, the Christiana Mall Whole Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after February 1, 2028. The lockout period will expire on the earlier to occur of (i) two years after the closing date of the securitization that includes the last note to be securitized and (ii) July 12, 2021.

 

Sources and Uses 

Sources         Uses      
Original whole loan amount (1) $550,000,000   100.0%   Loan payoff $235,182,023       42.8%
          Upfront reserves 1,804,093         0.3
            Closing costs 3,253,713         0.6
          Return of Equity 309,760,172       56.3
Total Sources $550,000,000   100.0%   Total Uses $550,000,000       100.0%

 

(1)The Christiana Mall Whole Loan proceeds were used to retire an approximately $235.2 million outstanding loan (inclusive of defeasance costs) previously securitized in the MSC 2011-C1 transaction, pay closing costs and return of equity to the borrower.

 

The Property. The Christiana Mall Property consists of a 779,084 square foot portion of the two-story, 1,275,084 square foot Christiana Mall, located in Newark, Delaware. The Christiana Mall Property is anchored by Target, Cabela’s, and Cinemark and non-collateral anchors include Macy’s, JCPenney, and Nordstrom. Target and Cabela’s each own their improvements and ground lease the land from the borrower. The collateral and non-collateral anchor tenants generate approximately $198.8 million in annual sales. The Christiana Mall Property features over 130 specialty in-line stores including Apple, Anthropologie, Banana Republic, Barnes & Noble, Express, Finish Line, H&M, Microsoft, Pottery Barn, Sephora, Urban Outfitters, Victoria’s Secret, Williams-Sonoma, and XXI Forever. Additionally, the Christiana Mall Property includes dining options such as a 10-bay food court and restaurants including Brio, California Pizza Kitchen, The Cheesecake Factory, J.B. Dawson’s Restaurant, and Panera Bread. Included in the collateral are 6,628 parking spaces (approximately 5.2 spaces per 1,000 SF). Excluding the anchor tenants, no other tenant occupies more than 4.7% of NRA or represents more than 6.0% of underwritten base rent.

 

The Christiana Mall Property was built in 1978, and underwent an expansion phase from 2007 to 2014. Over $200.0 million was invested, adding several large format tenants including Nordstrom, Target, Cabela’s, and Cinemark, as well as over 160,000 square feet of in-line, restaurant, and exterior facing in-line space.

 

The Christiana Mall Property was 98.3% leased as of May 31, 2018 to 131 permanent retail and restaurant tenants, and the entire 1,275,084 square feet of the Christiana Mall was 98.9% leased as of May 31, 2018. Since 2014, Christiana Mall has maintained an average occupancy of approximately 99.5% including anchor tenants, with no year-end occupancy falling below 98.9%. As of TTM April 30, 2018, sales for in-line tenants occupying less than 10,000 square feet of space were $885 per square foot with occupancy cost of 13.4% (including Apple and its 10,705 square feet of space, the Christiana Mall Property generated sales per square foot of $2,504 with an occupancy cost of 4.7%).

 

 A-3-73 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancy at the Christiana Mall Property:

 

Major Tenants(1)

 

Tenant Name

Credit
Rating
(Fitch/
Moody’s/
S&P)(2)

Tenant
NRSF
% of
NRSF
Annual U/W
Base Rent
PSF
Annual
U/W Base
Rent(3)
% of
Total
Annual
U/W
Base
Rent
April 30, 2018 TTM Sales(4) Lease
Expiration
Date
$ PSF Occ.
Cost
                 
Major Tenants                  
Target A-/A2/A 145,312 18.7% $0.00 $0 0.0% $52,000,000 $358 NAP 12/31/2036(5)
Cabela’s NR/NR/NR 100,000 12.8% $10.21 $1,021,250 2.8% $50,782,999 $508 2.0% 1/31/2035(6)
Cinemark NR/NR/BB 50,643 6.5% $22.30 $1,129,339 3.1% $7,251,437 $604,286(7) 15.6% 11/30/2029(8)
Barnes & Noble Bookseller NR/NR/NR 36,803 4.7% $20.38 $750,000 2.1% $7,894,999 $215 9.5% 1/31/2020(9)
XXI Forever NR/NR/NR 27,300 3.5% $78.21 $2,135,133 6.0% $6,494,724 $238 32.9% 1/31/2020
H&M NR/NR/NR 20,160 2.6% $45.60 $919,371 2.6% $6,381,061 $317 14.4% 2/28/2021(10)
Anthropologie NR/NR/NR 10,967 1.4% $68.43 $750,455 2.1% $1,637,845 $149 45.8% 1/31/2021(11)
Victoria’s Secret NR/NR/NR 10,830 1.4% $60.00 $649,800 1.8% $6,484,521 $599 10.0% 1/31/2024
Apple NR/Aa1/AA+ 10,705 1.4% $109.85 $1,175,974 3.3% $488,995,320 $45,679 0.2% 1/31/2023
Gap/Gap Kids/Baby Gap NR/Baa2/BB+ 10,583 1.4% $59.12 $625,698 1.7% $3,157,328 $298 19.8% 5/31/2024
Express NR/NR/NR 10,008 1.3% $45.75 $457,913 1.3% $3,175,091 $317 14.4% 1/31/2024
Urban Outfitters NR/NR/NR 10,000 1.3% $42.00 $420,000 1.2% $2,445,323 $245 17.2% 1/31/2021(12)
Total Major Tenants 443,311 56.9% $33.67(13) $10,034,934 28.0%        
                     
Other Tenants(14) 322,372 41.4% $82.30 $25,834,705 72.0% $250,347,499 $885(15) 13.4%(15)  
                     
Occupied Collateral Total 765,683 98.3% $58.62(13)(14) $35,869,639 100.0%        
                     
Vacant Space   13,401 1.7%              
                     
Collateral Total   779,084 100.0%              
                     
Non-Collateral Tenants                    
Macy’s BBB/Baa3/BBB- 215,000   NAP NAP NAP $48,000,000 $223 NAP 12/31/2028
JCPenney B/B3/B- 158,000   NAP NAP NAP $21,000,000 $133 NAP 12/31/2028
Nordstrom BBB+/Baa1/BBB+ 123,000   NAP NAP NAP $19,707,999 $160 NAP 12/31/2028
                     
                       
(1)Information is based on the underwritten rent roll dated May 31, 2018.
(2)Certain ratings are those of the parent company whether or not the parent guarantees the lease.
(3)U/W Base Rent includes contractual rent steps of $1,226,247 taken through July 2019.
(4)Sales figures for Macy’s, JCPenney, Target, Nordstrom, and Barnes & Noble Bookseller represent 2017 borrower estimates.
(5)See “Target Purchase and Put Options” section.
(6)Cabela’s has eight five-year renewal options with six months’ written notice. Additionally, Cabela’s has a right to raze its leased premises, so long as it restores the building pad back to the condition at which time the lease premises were delivered, caps utilities at their in-place levels and otherwise leaves its leased premises in good condition. Upon substantial completion of this razing, the Cabela’s lease will terminate.
(7)Sales PSF for Cinemark reflects sales per screen (12 screens).
(8)Cinemark has three five-year renewal options with six months’ written notice.
(9)Barnes & Noble has two five-year renewal options with 180 days’ written notice.
(10)H&M has one five-year renewal option with 180 days’ written notice.
(11)Anthropologie has one five-year renewal option with 180 days’ written notice.
(12)Urban Outfitters has one five-year renewal option with 180 days’ written notice.
(13)Target’s square footage is excluded from this calculation as it has no attributable U/W base rent.
(14)Other Tenants include 1,553 square feet for one temporary tenant with an expiration date in May 2019 and 6,907 square feet of kiosk, antenna, and storage tenants with no attributable U/W base rent, and are excluded from the U/W Base Rent PSF calculation.
(15)Other Tenants Sales PSF and Occupancy Cost figures reflect only comparable in-line tenants less than 10,000 square feet.

 

 A-3-74 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the Christiana Mall Property:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule(1)(2)(3)

 

Year Ending
 December 31,
No. of
Leases
Expiring
Expiring
NRSF
% of
Total
NRSF
Cumulative
Expiring
NRSF
Cumulative
% of Total
NRSF
Annual
 U/W
Base Rent(4)
% of Total
Annual
U/W Base
Rent(4)
Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
 PSF(4)(5)
2018/MTM 5 9,964 1.3% 9,964 1.3% $910,842 2.5% $91.41
2019(5) 14 21,935 2.8% 31,899 4.1% $2,084,627 5.8% $102.28
2020 18 114,468 14.7% 146,367 18.8% $6,063,941 16.9% $52.97
2021 21 105,128 13.5% 251,495 32.3% $6,432,376 17.9% $61.19
2022 9 19,976 2.6% 271,471 34.8% $2,099,539 5.9% $105.10
2023 13 33,728 4.3% 305,199 39.2% $3,132,006 8.7% $92.86
2024 12 50,843 6.5% 356,042 45.7% $3,842,731 10.7% $75.58
2025 13 37,189 4.8% 393,231 50.5% $3,715,274 10.4% $99.90
2026 14 39,768 5.1% 432,999 55.6% $3,914,722 10.9% $98.44
2027 3 9,078 1.2% 442,077 56.7% $480,791 1.3% $52.96
2028 3 4,742 0.6% 446,819 57.4% $459,072 1.3% $96.81
Thereafter(6) 6 311,957 40.0% 758,776 97.4% $2,733,718 7.6% $16.40
Other(7) 0 6,907 0.9% 765,683 98.3% $0 0.0% $0.00
Vacant 0 13,401 1.7% 779,084 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 131 779,084 100.0%     $35,869,639 100.0% $58.62

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll for leases in place as of May 31, 2018.
(2)Certain tenants may have lease termination options that are exercisable prior to the originally stated expiration date of the subject lease and that are not considered in the Lease Expiration Schedule.
(3)Includes executed leases that have not yet commenced as of May 31, 2018.
(4)U/W Base Rent includes contractual rent steps of $1,226,247 taken through July 2019.
(5)Square footage of 2019 includes a 1,553 SF temporary tenant with an expiration date of May 31, 2019 and no attributable U/W base rent and is excluded from the calculation for U/W Base Rent PSF.
(6)U/W Base Rent PSF excludes Target’s space (145,312 square feet) from the calculation.
(7)6,907 square feet of kiosk, antenna, and storage tenants was included with no annual U/W base rent and are excluded from the calculation for U/W Base Rent PSF.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the Christiana Mall Property:

 

Historical Occupancy(1)

 

12/31/2014(2)

12/31/2015(2)

12/31/2016(2)

12/31/2017(2)

5/31/2018(3)(4)(5)

99.2% 99.3% 99.8% 99.0% 98.3%

 

(1)Historical occupancy of the entire 1,275,084 square feet of the Christiana Mall was 99.5%, 99.5%, 99.9%, 99.4%, and 98.9% respectively.
(2)Information obtained from the borrower.
(3)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.
(4)Current occupancy figure includes five tenants (11,868 square feet) who have signed their lease but are not currently occupying their space.
(5)Current occupancy figure excludes four tenants (5,820 square feet) who have either filed for bankruptcy or are completely dark. Including those tenants in occupancy would result in a current Christiana Mall occupancy of 99.4%, a current Christiana Mall Property (including collateral anchors) occupancy of 99.0%, and a current Christiana Mall Property (excluding collateral anchors) occupancy of 98.4%.

 

The following table presents historical in-line sales at the Christiana Mall Property:

 

Historical In-line Tenant Sales Summary(1)(2)

     
Year Sales PSF w/ Apple Occupancy Cost w/
Apple
  Sales PSF w/o Apple Occupancy Cost w/o
Apple
2014 $3,733 2.8%   $699 14.8%
2015 $2,750 3.9%   $786 13.8%
2016 $1,660 6.8%   $821 13.8%
2017 $2,038 5.8%   $887 13.4%
TTM 4/30/2018 $2,504 4.7%   $885 13.4%
               

 

(1)Information as provided by the borrower sponsors and only includes tenants reporting comparable sales.
(2)Christiana Mall and the Christiana Mall Property sales total fluctuations are primarily driven by the Apple store, which has reported sales ranging between $273.0 million and $944.5 million. According to the appraisal, the results may be partially attributed to changes in accounting methodology. The same trend has been observed at other Apple mall locations.

 

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CHRISTIANA MALL

 

The following table presents historical anchor sales at the Christiana Mall Property:

 

Historical Anchor Tenant Sales Summary(1)

 

Year

Macy’s

Sales $ mil /

Sales PSF(2)(3)

JCPenney’s

Sales $ mil /

Sales PSF(2)(3)

Target’s

Sales $ mil /

Sales PSF(3)

Nordstrom

Sales $ mil /

Sales PSF(2)(3)

Cabela’s

Sales $ mil /

Sales PSF

Cinemark

Sales $ mil /

Sales PSF(4)

2014 $56.0/$260 $22.0/$139 $56.0/$385 $25.1/$204 NAV NAV
2015 $57.0/$265 $22.0/$139 $60.0/$413 $25.0/$203 $57.9/$579 $8.0/$665,953
2016 $52.0/$242 $20.0/$127 $52.0/$358 $24.1/$196 $50.6/$506 $8.4/$697,866
2017 $48.0/$223 $21.0/$133 $52.0/$358 $19.7/$160 $50.8/$508 $7.3/$604,286
TTM 4/30/2018 $48.0/$223 $21.0/$133 $52.0/$358 $19.7/$160 $50.8/$508 $7.3/$604,286

 

(1)Information is estimated and as provided by the borrower sponsors.
(2)Anchors are non-collateral tenants.
(3)Sales figures for Macy’s, JCPenney, and Target represent borrower estimates. TTM April 2018 sales were not available for Macy’s, JCPenney, and Target, thus 2017 estimates were utilized. Additionally, Nordstrom reports sales on an annual basis, thus TTM April 2018 sales figures on this table reflect 2017 sales.
(4)Cinemark Sales PSF represent sales per screen (12 screens).

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and the underwritten net cash flow at the Christiana Mall Property:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

  2015 2016 2017 TTM
5/31/2018
U/W % of U/W
Effective
Gross
Income
U/W $ per
SF
Base Rent(1)(2) $32,684,203 $34,240,787 $34,477,828 $34,558,591 $35,869,639 63.8% $46.04
Vacant Space 0 0 0 0 1,638,466 2.9 2.10
Percentage Rent 0 0 6,575 7,770 0 0.0 0.00
Total Recoveries 13,257,802 13,807,251 13,491,109 13,425,783 14,157,327 25.2 18.17
Specialty Leasing 2,714,827 2,749,431 2,713,432 2,759,788 2,876,610 5.1 3.69
Other Income(3) 3,469,234 3,343,004 3,369,589 3,277,797 3,356,447 6.0 4.31
Less Vacancy(4)

0

0

0

0

(1,638,466)

(2.9)

(2.10)

Effective Gross Income $52,126,066 $54,140,474 $54,058,534 $54,029,729 $56,260,022 100.0% $72.21
               
Total Operating Expenses

$10,208,012

$10,182,915

$10,544,365

$10,479,303

$9,514,932

16.9%

$12.21

               
Net Operating Income $41,918,054 $43,957,559 $43,514,169 $43,550,426 $46,745,090 83.1% $60.00
Capital Expenditures 0 0 0 0 106,754 0.2 0.14
TI/LC

0

0

0

0

533,772

0.9

0.69

Net Cash Flow $41,918,054 $43,957,559 $43,514,169 $43,550,426 $46,104,564 81.9% $59.18
               
NOI DSCR(5) 2.86x 3.00x 2.97x 2.97x 3.19x    
NCF DSCR(5) 2.86x 3.00x 2.97x 2.97x 3.15x    
NOI DY(5) 12.4% 13.0% 12.9% 12.9% 13.8%    
NCF DY(5) 12.4% 13.0% 12.9% 12.9% 13.6%    

 

(1)U/W Base Rent includes contractual rent steps of $1,226,247 taken through July 2019.
(2)U/W Base Rent includes $643,284 for tenants who have signed leases but have not occupied their space as of May 31, 2018 including Tilly’s (4,999 SF), Xfinity (4,014 SF), Lolli and Pops (2,400 SF), Jamba Juice (246 SF), and Bath and Body Works (209 SF). XFinity has since moved into their space. U/W Base Rent excludes bankrupt tenants as of May 31, 2018 including Icing by Claire’s (1,979 SF), Claire’s (1,239 SF), and the Walking Company (1,582 SF) and also excludes Teavana (1,020 SF) who is currently dark and not occupying their space. Walking Company has since emerged from bankruptcy.
(3)Other income includes overage rent and storage and other income.
(4)The underwritten economic vacancy is 2.9%. The Christiana Mall Property was 98.3% physically leased as of May 31, 2018.
(5)The debt service coverage ratios and debt yields shown are based on the Christiana Mall Senior Loan.

 

Appraisal. As of the appraisal valuation date of June 5, 2018, the Christiana Mall Property had an “as-is” appraised value of $1,040,000,000.

 

Environmental Matters. According to a Phase I environmental site assessment dated June 11, 2018, there was no evidence of any recognized environmental conditions at the Christiana Mall Property.

 

Market Overview and Competition. The Christiana Mall Property is located in the southeast quadrant of the intersection of Route 7 and Interstate 95 in Newark, Delaware. Delaware is one of the only five U.S. states with no sales tax, and the Christiana Mall Property benefits from being the closest super regional shopping center to several surrounding states with sales tax. According to the appraisal, Interstate 95 is the most important limited access highway serving the region and offers direct access to Philadelphia and New York City to the north and Baltimore and Washington D.C. to the south. Christiana Mall is directly off Interstate 95 with over 200,000 vehicles passing by daily. A $150.0 million upgrade to Interstate 95 has been completed, including the addition of an exit dedicated to Christiana Mall. The mall is popular for out-of-state shoppers since it is only approximately 10 miles from Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. US Highway 1, DE Routes 2, 7, and 273, and Interstates 95, 295, and 495 all serve the area. Interstate 295, with access to the Delaware Memorial Bridge, leading to New Jersey, New York, and New England, lies approximately four miles northeast of the mall.

 

 A-3-76 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

According to the appraisal, the Christiana Mall Property is located in a growing, suburban area, which benefits from access to the major traffic arteries connecting the surrounding metropolitan area. Christiana Mall caters to two large universities within a seven-mile radius, University of Delaware and Wilmington University, which are home to a combined 38,000 students and 5,000 employees. Another draw to the area is the Christiana Hospital, housing 907 licensed beds, 22 hospital-based operating rooms and 10 outpatient rooms, which is located a short distance south. It is home to Delaware’s only level 3 neonatal intensive care unit and the state’s largest maternity center. The Christiana Hospital Campus is also home to the Center for Heart & Vascular Health and the Helen F. Graham Cancer Center. The Christiana Mall Property is located in the Philadelphia metropolitan statistical area, which is home to 14 Fortune 500 companies of which two (Dupont and Chemours) are located in Wilmington, Delaware.

 

According to the appraisal, the estimated 2017 population within the Christiana Mall Property’s primary trade area was 680,683. The estimated 2017 average household income in the trade area was $90,061. The primary trade area has been established by zip codes based on a shopper intercept survey. From 2000 to 2017, the trade area experienced compound annual population growth rate of approximately 0.9% and an annual household income growth rate of approximately 2.0%.

 

The table below presents certain information relating to seven comparable properties to the Christiana Mall Property identified by the appraisal:

 

Comparable Properties(1) 

Property, Location Property
Type
Year Built/
Renovated
Size (SF) Occ. Sales
PSF
Anchor Tenants Distance
to
Subject
(mi.)

Christiana Mall Property

Newark, DE

Super
Regional
Mall
 1978/2014 1,275,084 98.9%(2) $885(3) Macy’s, JC Penney, Target, Nordstrom, Cabela’s, Cinemark(3) NAP
Primary Competition              

Concord Mall

Wilmington, DE

Super
Regional
Mall
1969/1984 960,000 86.0% $395 Boscov’s, Macy’s Sears 13.5

Springfield Mall

Springfield, PA

Super
Regional
Mall
1964/1997 610,582 97.0% $424 Macy’s, Target 26.6

Exton Square Mall

Exton, PA

Super
Regional
Mall
1973/2000 1,088,000 84.0% $316 Boscov’s, Macy’s, Main Line Health Center, Sears, Round 1 30.2
Secondary Competition              

Dover Mall

Dover, DE

Super
Regional
Mall
1982/1997 928,194 93.0% $410 AMC Cinema, Boscov’s, Dick’s Sporting Goods, JCPenney, Macy’s, Sears 39.2

King of Prussia Mall

King of Prussia, PA

Super
Regional
Mall
1962/1995 2,391,105 96.0% $805 Bloomingdales, JCPenney, Lord & Taylor, Macy’s, Neiman Marcus, Nordstrom, Sears 41.6

Cherry Hill Mall

Cherry Hill, NJ

Super
Regional
Mall
1961/2009 1,305,813 97.0% $659 JCPenney, Macy’s, Nordstrom 44.3

Towson Town Center

Towson, MD

Super
Regional
Mall
1958/2007 1,063,549 92.0% $495 Macy’s, Nordstrom, Crate & Barrel, Nordstrom Rack 63.6

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal and underwritten rent roll.
(2)This occupancy reflects the entire Christiana Mall as of May 31, 2018. The 779,084 square feet of collateral was 98.3% occupied as of May 31, 2018.
(3)Based on TTM April 2018 sales for comparable in-line tenants occupying less than 10,000 square feet.

 

The Borrower. The borrower is Christiana Mall LLC, a single-purpose Delaware limited liability company structured to be bankruptcy remote with at least two independent directors. Legal counsel to the borrower delivered a non-consolidation opinion in connection with the origination of the Christiana Mall Whole Loan. GGP Nimbus, LP and PPF Retail, LLC are the guarantors under the Christiana Mall Whole Loan. The borrower is currently a 50/50 joint venture that is indirectly owned and controlled by GGP and Morgan Stanley’s Prime Property Fund.

 

The Borrower Sponsors. The borrower sponsors are GGP Inc. (“GGP”) and PPF Retail, LLC. GGP (NYSE: GGP) is a retail real estate company headquartered in Chicago, Illinois and is one of the largest owners and operators of real estate in the United States. According to the borrower, GGP owns, manages, leases and develops retail properties throughout the United States. As of March 31, 2018, GGP owned, either entirely or with joint venture partners, 125 retail properties located throughout the United States comprising approximately 122.5 million square feet of gross leasable area, which was 95.3% leased. GGP’s portfolio includes Ala Moana Center in Honolulu, Hawaii, Fashion Show in Las Vegas, Nevada, Tysons Galleria in McLean, Virginia, Glendale Galleria in Glendale, California, and Water Tower Place in Chicago, Illinois. On March 26, 2018, an affiliate of Brookfield, Brookfield Properties Partners, L.P. (“BPY”) announced that BPY and GGP entered into an agreement for BPY to acquire all of the outstanding shares of common stock of GGP other than those shares that were already held by BPY and its affiliates, and the transaction was completed on August 28, 2018. BPY is one of the world’s largest commercial real estate companies, with approximately $68.0 billion in total assets. GGP is currently in the final stages of transferring a 24.995% indirect interest in the borrower to Institutional Mall Investors LLC. GGP had previously filed for bankruptcy on April 16, 2009. For more details, please see “Description of the Mortgage Pool – Loan Purpose; Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” in the Preliminary Prospectus. PPF Retail, LLC is Morgan Stanley’s Prime Property Fund, which is a diversified core real estate fund managed by Morgan Stanley Real Estate. The fund’s assets include office, retail, multifamily, industrial self-storage

 

 A-3-77 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

and hotel properties located in major real estate markets throughout the United States. As of March 31, 2018, the Prime Property Fund had over $20.0 billion in net asset value.

 

Escrows. The Christiana Mall Whole Loan documents provide for upfront reserves of $1,804,093 for outstanding tenant improvements and/or leasing commissions. During a Cash Sweep Event Period (as defined below) the borrower is required to deposit monthly (i) 1/12th of the estimated annual real estate taxes, (ii) 1/12th of the estimated annual insurance premiums (except to the extent that the insurance required is maintained under a blanket insurance policy), (iii) $10,065 for replacement reserves until a cap of $241,565 is reached and (iv) $60,391 for tenant improvements and leasing commissions until a cap of $1,449,387 is reached.

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. The Christiana Mall Whole Loan is structured to have a hard lockbox and springing cash management. The Christiana Mall Whole Loan documents require the lender to deliver written instructions to tenants to deposit all rents payable under such leases directly into a clearing account. The Christiana Mall Whole Loan documents require that all rents received by the borrower or the property manager be deposited into the lockbox account within three business days of receipt. Funds in the lockbox account, absent the continuance of a Cash Sweep Event Period (as defined below), are required to be transferred daily to a borrower operating account. Upon the first occurrence of a Cash Sweep Event Period, the borrower is required to establish a cash management account under the sole control of the lender, to which during a Cash Sweep Event Period all amounts in the lockbox account are required to be automatically transferred daily for the payment of, among other things, debt service, monthly escrows, default interest and late payment charges. Any remaining funds after such disbursements are required to be distributed to the borrower if no event of default has occurred and is continuing.

 

A “Cash Sweep Event Period” will occur during the earliest of:

 

(i)an event of default under the Christiana Mall Mortgage Loan;
(ii)any bankruptcy action of the borrower;
(iii)any bankruptcy action of the guarantors or any replacement guarantor or guarantors; and
(iv)the debt service coverage ratio falling below 1.35x for two consecutive quarters.

 

A “Cash Sweep Event Period” will end if:

 

(w)with respect to clause (i) above, such event of default has been cured and no other event of default has occurred and is continuing,
(x)with respect to clause (ii) above, such bankruptcy action is discharged,
(y)with respect to clause (iii) above, (A) the borrower replaces the guarantor subject to such bankruptcy action with either (x) a replacement guarantor having an aggregate net worth of at least $500,000,000 and liquidity of at least $25,000,000, in each case exclusive of such person’s interest in the Christiana Mall Property or otherwise acceptable to lender or (y) PPF Retail, LLC or (so long as Institutional Mall Investors LLC is a qualified equityholder (as defined in the loan documents) and has an aggregate net worth of $500,000,000 exclusive of any interest in the Christiana Mall Property), Institutional Mall Investors LLC and one such substitute guarantor has assumed all obligations of such guarantor under each guaranty and environmental indemnity or executed an acceptable replacement guaranty, the borrower has delivered an insolvency opinion, a rating agency confirmation if required by the lender, and a credit check acceptable to the lender as reasonably required by the lender or (B) such bankruptcy action is discharged, stayed, or dismissed within 90 days of filing provided that such filing does not materially affect guarantor’s ability to pay and perform its obligations in the lender’s reasonable discretion, and
(z)with respect to clause (iv) above, the Christiana Mall Property has achieved a debt service coverage ratio of at least 1.35x for two consecutive quarters.

 

Property Management. The Christiana Mall Property is managed by an affiliate of the borrower.

 

Assumption. Following the six month anniversary of the first monthly payment date, the borrower has the right to transfer the Christiana Mall Property without the lender’s consent provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including, but not limited to, (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (ii) the lender has reasonably determined that the proposed transferee and guarantor satisfy the lender’s credit review and underwriting standards, taking into consideration the transferee’s experience, financial strength and general business standing; and (iii) receipt of rating agency confirmation that the transfer will not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the respective ratings assigned to the Series WFCM 2018-C48 Certificates.

 

Partial Release. If no event of default is continuing, the borrower is permitted to release from the lien of the mortgage the Cabela’s parcel and/or the Cinemark parcel (each, an “Outlot Parcel”) (or a portion thereof) in connection with the transfer of the fee simple interest in such Outlot Parcel (or portion thereof) to a transferee which is not an affiliate of the borrower that is either a national tenant or approved by the lender in its reasonable discretion, upon the borrower’s satisfaction of certain conditions, including, among other things:

 

(i)The borrower must make a partial prepayment of the Mortgage Loan by an amount equal to the greatest of (i) 125% of the allocated loan amount (i.e., $8,400,000 with respect to the Cabela’s parcel and $6,600,000 with respect to the Cinemark parcel) for such Outlot Parcel, (ii) the net sales proceeds received by the borrower with respect to such transfer and (iii) any “qualified amount” necessary to comply with any applicable REMIC requirement described in clause (iii) below, which partial prepayment, if made prior to the open period, must be accompanied by a payment of the yield maintenance premium payment (calculated based upon the amount prepaid); provided, however, in lieu of making any such prepayment, at the borrower’s election prior to the release of the Outlot Parcel in question, the borrower may either (a) deposit cash with the lender in the amount of such prepayment (exclusive of the yield maintenance premium payment) as additional reserve funds, which the lender will hold in an additional reserve account, or (b) deliver to the lender a letter of credit in the amount of such prepayment (exclusive of the yield maintenance premium payment). The borrower will have the option of having such reserve funds or letter of credit, as applicable, returned to the borrower with the payment to the lender of the amounts

 

 A-3-78 

 

 

CHRISTIANA MALL

 

 required pursuant to this clause (i) with respect to the Outlot Parcel in question (inclusive of any yield maintenance premium payment that may be due and payable as of the date of such prepayment);

(ii)upon request by lender, delivery of a REMIC opinion;
(iii)the loan-to-value ratio immediately after the release of the applicable Outlot Parcel is less than or equal to 125%, provided that the borrower may prepay the “qualified amount” (with payment of the yield maintenance premium calculated based upon the amount prepaid), in order to meet the foregoing loan-to-value ratio; and
(iv)delivery of rating agency confirmation.

 

Real Estate Substitution. If no event of default is continuing, the borrower may substitute the fee or leasehold interest to a parcel of real property at or adjacent to the related mall (each an “Acquired Parcel”) in connection with the release of one or more parcels of the Christiana Mall Property (each, an “Exchange Parcel”), provided that, among other conditions, (i) the borrower provides at least 20 days’ prior written notice, (ii) the Acquired Parcel is reasonably equivalent in value to the Exchange Parcel, (iii) the Exchange Parcel must be vacant, non-income producing and unimproved or improved only by landscaping, utility facilities that are readily relocatable or surface parking areas, (iv) the borrower pays the lender a fee in the amount of $10,000, along with any reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, (v) the borrower delivers a satisfactory environmental report covering the Acquired Parcel (unless the Acquired Parcel is covered by the environmental report received by the lender in connection with the origination of the mortgage loan) and (vi) after giving effect to such substitution, the loan-to-value ratio is less than or equal to 125%, provided that the borrower may prepay the “qualified amount” in order to meet such loan-to-value ratio.

 

Target Purchase and Put Options. Target constructed its own store on a 10.15-acre site which is ground leased from the borrower. The ground lease agreement with Target provides that Target has a fair market value purchase option to acquire the fee interest from the borrower in the Target property at any time during the ground lease term. The ground lease with Target has an initial term which runs through December 2036 and also includes five, 10-year and one final, 5-year renewal option. The Target lease does not have any minimum rent but does require Target to make a contribution (currently $139,557 per year) towards the common area maintenance (“CAM”). The Target lease states that, should Target exercise its purchase option, Target would still be obligated to pay its CAM contribution to the borrower through its lease term. The appraisal concluded that the exclusion of Target from the Christiana Mall Property in the appraisal would not affect the value of the Christiana Mall Property.

 

The lender will release the Target parcel from the lien of the mortgage if and when Target exercises its purchase option pursuant to the terms of the Target lease upon satisfaction of certain conditions, which include, but are not limited to, the following:

(i)the purchase option will not be exercised in the event that (a) the borrower, or controlling affiliate of the borrower, acquires Target’s interest under its lease and (b) such option had not therefore been exercised in accordance with Target’s lease;
(ii)the loan-to-value ratio immediately after the release of the Target parcel must be less than or equal to 125% and the borrower must repay the “qualified amount” (with payment of the yield maintenance premium amount calculated based upon the amount prepaid), in order to meet the foregoing loan-to-value ratio;
(iii)the borrower must cause all proceeds from the sale of the Target parcel to be deposited into the clearing account to be applied in the same manner as rents; and
(iv)the borrower must pay a fee in the amount of $10,000.

 

Pursuant to the terms set forth in the Target lease, Target has the unilateral right to require the borrower to purchase the improvements located on the Target parcel owned by Target (the “Target Improvements”) and/or, if Target is then the fee owner of the Target parcel (pursuant to the exercise of its purchase option or otherwise), the fee interest in the Target parcel, for the lesser of fair market value or book value (the “Put Option”). On or prior to the anticipated date of the conveyance of the Target Improvements pursuant to the exercise by Target of the Put Option, the borrower must execute and deliver to the lender any amendment or modification to the mortgage or similar documents reasonably necessary in order to confirm that the lien of the mortgage attaches to the Target Improvements, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the lender.

 

Subordinate and Mezzanine Indebtedness. Barclays Bank PLC, Société Générale and Deutsche Bank AG, New York Branch funded the subordinate Christiana Mall B Notes to Christiana Mall LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. The Christiana Mall B Notes accrue interest at a rate of 4.2775% per annum. The Christiana Mall B Notes are coterminous with the Christiana Mall Senior Loan. The holders of the Christiana Mall Senior Loan and the Christiana Mall B Notes have entered into a co-lender agreement which sets forth the allocation of collections on the Christiana Mall Whole Loan.

 

The borrower has the one-time right to obtain a mezzanine loan subject to terms and conditions set forth in the loan documents including that (i) no event of default is continuing, (ii) the principal amount of the permitted mezzanine debt cannot be greater than an amount equal to the amount which will yield (x) an aggregate LTV ratio that does not exceed 95.0% of the origination date LTV ratio and (y) an aggregate forward looking DSCR ratio that is not less than 105.0% of the origination date DSCR as determined by the lender, (iii) the lender has received a rating agency confirmation, (iv) the execution of a market intercreditor agreement acceptable to the lender, (v) the mezzanine loan will be interest-only and coterminous with the Christiana Mall Whole Loan maturity date, and (vi) the mezzanine borrower must acquire and maintain an interest rate cap or swap agreement if the mezzanine loan bears a floating interest rate.

 

Ground Lease. The Christiana Mall property is subject to a ground lease with Macy’s Retail Holdings, Inc. effective through December 31, 2028. The 4.154-acre portion of the parking lot is owned by Macy’s (non-collateral tenant of 215,000 square feet) and ground leased to the borrower pursuant to a parking lease agreement dated as of July 30, 2010. Macy’s can terminate the parking lease at any time with 12 months’ notice. The tenant is not obligated to pay a monthly or annual rent under the ground lease.

 

Terrorism Insurance. The Christiana Mall borrower is required to obtain and maintain property insurance for full replacement cost, public liability insurance, and rental loss and/or business interruption insurance for 36 months plus 12 months of extended indemnity that covers perils of terrorism and acts of terrorism, provided, in the event that the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 or similar is not in effect, the borrower will only be obligated to carry terrorism insurance if commercially available and, in such event, subject to a cap equal to two times the premium for the property and business interruption and rental loss coverage.

 

 A-3-79 

 

 

BELLA AT NORCROSS

 

 

 

 A-3-80 

 

 

BELLA AT NORCROSS

 

 

 

 A-3-81 

 

 

No. 9 – Bella at Norcross
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Single Asset

  Property Type: Multifamily
Original Principal Balance: $27,000,000   Specific Property Type: Garden
Cut-off Date Balance: $27,000,000   Location: Norcross, GA
% of Initial Pool Balance: 3.2%   Size: 318 Units
Loan Purpose: Refinance  

Cut-off Date Balance Per Unit:

$84,906
Borrower Name: Bella SPE 2017, LLC   Year Built/Renovated: 1972/2018
Borrower Sponsor: Gideon D. Levy   Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 5.540%   Property Manager: Self-managed
Note Date: November 9, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy(As of): 93.5% (12/31/2014)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 93.5% (12/31/2015)
Maturity Date: December 6, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 95.2% (12/31/2016)
IO Period: 60 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 96.7% (12/31/2017)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 95.6% (9/24/2018)
Seasoning: 0 months      
Amortization Term (Original): 360 months   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon   4th Most Recent NOI (As of): $1,237,602 (12/31/2015)
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of): $1,500,874 (12/31/2016)
Call Protection: L(24),D(89),O(7)   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of): $1,649,204 (TTM 5/31/2017)
Lockbox Type: None/NAP   Most Recent NOI (As of): $2,503,897 (TTM 9/30/2018)
Additional Debt: None      
Additional Debt Type: NAP   U/W Revenues: $3,919,238
      U/W Expenses: $1,432,725
      U/W NOI: $2,486,513
      U/W NCF: $2,407,013
      U/W NOI DSCR: 1.35x
          U/W NCF DSCR: 1.30x
Escrows and Reserves(1):         U/W NOI Debt Yield: 9.2%
          U/W NCF Debt Yield: 8.9%
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   As-Is Appraised Value: $42,000,000
Taxes $83,569 $27,856 NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: October 18, 2018
Insurance $58,772 $7,347 NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio: 64.3%
Replacement Reserve $0 $6,625 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD: 59.8%

(1)See “Escrows” section.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note that is secured by a first mortgage encumbering the fee interest in a multifamily garden community located in Norcross, Georgia (the “Bella at Norcross Property”). The Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan was originated on November 9, 2018 by BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC. The Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan has an original principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $27,000,000 and accrues interest at a rate of 5.54% per annum. The Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 120 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires interest-only payments for the first 60 payments following loan origination and, thereafter, requires payments of principal and interest based on a 30-year amortization schedule. The Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan matures on December 6, 2028.

 

Following the lockout period, on any date before June 6, 2028, the borrower has the right to defease the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan in whole, but not in part. In addition, the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after June 6, 2028.

 

Sources and Uses

 

Sources         Uses      
Original loan amount $27,000,000   100.0%   Loan payoff(1) $25,631,511   94.9%
          Reserves 142,341   0.5   
          Closing costs 493,785   1.9   
              Return of equity  732,363   2.7   
Total Sources $27,000,000   100.0%   Total Uses $27,000,000   100.0%

 

(1)Previous debt was originated by Benefit Street Partners Operating Partnership, LP and was securitized in the BSPRT 2017-FL2 Mortgage Trust.

 

The Property. The Bella at Norcross Property is a Class B, 318-unit garden, multifamily complex located in Norcross, Georgia, approximately 2.1 miles northeast of downtown Buckhead and 21.3 miles northeast of the central business district of Atlanta. Unit mix at the Bella at Norcross Property consists of 48 one-bedroom, one-bathroom units, 81 two-bedroom, one-bathroom units (ranging in size from 910 to 976 square feet), 54 two-story, townhouse style two-bedroom, one-and-a-half bathroom units (ranging in size from

 

 A-3-82 

 

 

BELLA AT NORCROSS

 

986 to 1,140 square feet), 39 two-bedroom, two-bathroom units and 96 three-bedroom, two-bathroom units (ranging in size from 1,136 to 1,270 square feet). Unit features at the Bella at Norcross Property include a fully equipped kitchen, a patio/balcony, washer/dryer connections in select units, in-unit storage space and air conditioning/heating. Community amenities at the Bella at

 

Norcross Property include high-speed Internet access, a swimming pool, a splash pad, a playground and a fitness center. The Bella at Norcross Property provides open parking spaces for 668 vehicles, representing 2.1 spaces per unit.

 

The Bella at Norcross Property was originally developed in 1972 and was most recently renovated in 2018. Since 2011, the Bella at Norcross Property has had approximately $8.0 million invested in capital expenditures. Renovations at the Bella at Norcross Property over the past seven years include interior unit upgrades to 299 units, exterior painting, landscaping, repairs to roofing, windows and enclosures and parking lot improvements. Since 2014, the Bella at Norcross Property has had an average occupancy of 94.9%. As of September 24, 2018, the Bella at Norcross Property was 95.6% occupied.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the unit mix of the Bella at Norcross Property:

 

Unit Mix Summary (1)

 

Unit Type(3) Total No. of
Units(2)
% of Total
Units
Average Unit
Size (SF)
Average Monthly
Rent per Unit(2)
1 Bedroom / 1 Bathroom 48 15.1% 634 $777
2 Bedroom / 1 Bathroom 81 25.5% 927 $869
Townhouse 2 Bedroom / 1.5 Bathroom 54 17.0% 1,123 $958
2 Bedroom / 2 Bathroom  39 12.3% 1,002 $938
3 Bedroom / 2 Bathroom 96 30.2% 1,192 $1,073
Total/Weighted Average 318 100.0% 1,005 $939

 

(1)Information obtained from underwritten rent roll dated September 24, 2018.

(2)Calculations of Average Monthly Rent per Unit exclude vacant units.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy at the Bella at Norcross Property:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2014(1)

12/31/2015(1)

12/31/2016(1)

12/31/2017(1)

9/24/2018(2)

93.5% 93.5% 95.2% 96.7% 95.6%

 

(1)Information obtained from the borrower.

(2)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll dated September 24, 2018.

 

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BELLA AT NORCROSS

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and underwritten net cash flow at the Bella at Norcross Property:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

  2015 2016 TTM
5/31/2017
TTM
9/30/2018
U/W % of U/W
Effective
Gross Income
U/W $
per Unit
Base Rent $2,852,361   $2,991,940    $3,059,579   $3,465,540 $3,598,512 91.8% $11,316
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss ($237,027)   ($165,951)   ($128,816)  ($230,211)(1)  ($179,926) (4.6%)  ($566) 
Other Income(2)

355,739

450,895

475,892

500,651

500,651

12.8%

$1,574

               
Effective Gross Income $2,971,072 $3,276,883 $3,406,655 $3,735,980 $3,919,238 100.0% $12,325
               
Total Operating Expenses $1,733,470 $1,776,009 $1,757,451(3) $1,232,083(3) $1,432,725 36.6% $4,505
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net Operating Income $1,237,602 $1,500,874 $1,649,204(3) $2,503,897(3) $2,486,513 63.4% $7,819
Capital Expenditures

79,500

79,500

79,500

79,500

79,500

2.0%

$250

Net Cash Flow $1,158,102 $1,421,374 $1,569,704 $2,424,397 $2,407,013 61.4% $7,569
               
NOI DSCR 0.67x 0.81x 0.89x 1.36x 1.35x    
NCF DSCR 0.63x 0.77x 0.85x 1.31x 1.30x    
NOI DY 4.6% 5.6% 6.1% 9.3% 9.2%    
NCF DY 4.3% 5.3% 5.8% 9.0% 8.9%    

 

(1)For TTM 9/30/2018, vacancy is sourced from various borrower rent rolls dated December 31, 2017, March 30, 2018 and June 30, 2018.

(2)Other income includes water reimbursements, rental fee income, trash reimbursements and other miscellaneous income items.

(3)The increase in Net Operating Income from TTM 5/31/2017 to TTM 9/30/2018 is primarily due to a reduction in Total Operating Expenses at the Mortgaged Property.The decrease in Total Operating Expenses from TTM 5/31/2017 to TTM 9/30/2018 is primarily driven by an approximately 70.0% reduction in repairs and maintenance, attributable to a comprehensive capital expenditure plan, an approximately 70.0% reduction in general and administrative expenses, and an approximately 31.0% reduction in payroll.

 

Appraisal. As of the appraisal valuation date of October 18, 2018, the Bella at Norcross Property had an “as-is” appraised value of $42,000,000.

 

Environmental Matters. According to a Phase I environmental site assessment dated October 26, 2018, there was no evidence of any recognized environmental conditions at the Bella at Norcross Property.

 

Market Overview and Competition. The Bella at Norcross Property is located in Norcross, Georgia, within Gwinnett County, the second most populous county in Georgia, and within the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell Metropolitan Statistical Area (“Atlanta MSA”). Gwinnett County has a diverse economic base and is home to a number of large companies, including AGCO, an agricultural technology company, the NCR Corporation, a business solutions IT firm, Primerica, an insurance and financial services firm, and WestRock, a packaging company. As of July 2018, the unemployment rate in Gwinnett County was 3.5%, lower than the Atlanta MSA’s unemployment rate of 3.8%. Highway accessibility to the area is provided by Interstate 85, located less than two miles south of the Bella at Norcross Property, and public transportation is provided by the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (“MARTA”), with the Doraville MARTA train station located about six miles southwest of the Bella at Norcross Property. Additionally, the DeKalb Peachtree Airport is located approximately 10 miles southwest of the Bella at Norcross Property.

 

The Bella at Norcross Property is conveniently located near several retail centers, including Sugarloaf Mills (located approximately 9 miles northeast of the Bella at Norcross Property), which features 1.2 million square feet of indoor retail space with over 180 stores, including Saks Fifth Avenue Off Fifth, Neiman Marcus Last Call, an 18 screen AMC movie theater and The Forum on Peachtree, (located approximately 4 miles north of the Bella at Norcross Property) an outdoor shopping and dining complex with 84 tenants, including HomeGoods, Trader Joe’s and Williams-Sonoma.

According to a third party market research report, the Bella at Norcross Property is located in the North Gwinnett submarket. The North Gwinnett Class B/C submarket has experienced year-over-year rent growth since 2010, and, as of the second quarter of 2018, the submarket had 7,888 units online, with a vacancy rate of 3.3% and an average asking rent of $980 per unit. According to the appraisal, the population within a one-, three- and five-mile radius from the Bella at Norcross Property was 11,788, 79,700, and 259,172, respectively, and the median household income within a one-, three- and five-mile radius was $53,319, $52,515 and $51,890, respectively. The population in the surrounding area is anticipated to increase by 7.7%, 7.6% and 6.6%, in a one-, three- and five-mile radius, respectively, through 2023.

 

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BELLA AT NORCROSS

 

The following table presents certain information relating to comparable multifamily properties for the Bella at Norcross Property:

 

Comparable Sales

 

  Bella at Norcross (Subject) Celebration at Sandy Springs(1) 347 Discovery at River Bend(1) Rosemont Berkeley Lake(1) Ansley Place(1) The Reserve at Gwinnett(1) Centre at Peachtree Corners(1)
Location Norcross, GA Atlanta, GA Duluth, GA Duluth, GA Sandy Springs, GA Norcross, GA Norcross, GA
Distance to Subject -- 13.0 miles 7.0 miles 5.5 Miles 13.0 miles 5.0 miles 3.4 miles
Property Type Garden Garden Garden Garden Garden Garden Garden
Year Built/Renovated 1972/2018 1968/NAP 1985/NAP 1996/NAP 1985/NAP 1999/NAP 1972/NAP
Number of Units 318 250 256 660 219 370 272
Sale Price $42,000,000(2) $32,750,000 $37,650,000 $94,250,000 $28,850,000 $51,000,000 $32,640,000
Price per unit $132,075(2) $131,000 $147,070 $142,803 $131,735 $137,838 $120,000
Net operating income $2,486,513(3) $1,637,500 NAV $5,183,640 $1,549,206 $2,677,320 $1,729,920
NOI per unit $7,819(3) $6,550 NAV $7,854 $7,074 $7,236 $6,360
Occupancy 95.6%(4) 97.0% 100.0% 100.0% 98.0% 94.0% 96.0%

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.

(2)Represents the “as is” appraised value as of October 18, 2018 and the “as is” appraised value per unit.

(3)Represents the Underwritten Net Operating Income. For historical cash flows, please see Cash Flow Analysis herein.

(4)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll dated September 24, 2018.

 

The Borrower. The borrower for the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan is Bella SPE 2017, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a special purpose entity with one independent director. Legal counsel to the borrower delivered a non-consolidation opinion in connection with the origination of the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan. Gideon D. Levy is the guarantor of certain nonrecourse carveouts under the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan.

 

The Borrower Sponsor. The borrower sponsor is Gideon D. Levy, a seasoned real estate professional with a track record of acquiring, owning and operating multifamily assets in the Atlanta MSA. In 1989, Gideon D. Levy founded GDE Renovations (“GDE”), a full service renovation company specializing in exterior renovations of apartment communities. GDE has renovated over 100,000 units for clients such as Post Properties, Greystar and Lincoln Property Company and has a general contractor’s license in 25 states. Additionally, in 1993, Gideon Levy founded Sabra Real Estate Acquisitions (“SABRA”) which focuses on the acquisition of multifamily communities. Currently, SABRA owns and manages more than 25 multifamily and residential properties, representing over 3,100 multifamily units, all of which are located in and around Atlanta. The sponsor previously had loans that reached maturity default between July 2010 and March 2013. For more details, please see “Description of the Mortgage Pool – Loan Purpose; Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

Escrows. The Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan documents provide for upfront reserves in the amount of $83,569 for real estate taxes and $58,772 for insurance premiums.

 

Additionally, the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan documents require monthly deposits for (a) real estate taxes in an amount equal to one-twelfth of an amount sufficient to pay taxes payable during the next ensuing twelve months, initially reserved to be $27,856, (b) one-twelfth of an amount which would be sufficient to pay the insurance premiums payable during the next ensuing twelve months, initially reserved to be $7,347 and (c) on-going replacement reserves of $6,625, representing approximately $250 per unit in capital expenditures per year.

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. The Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan documents do not require a lockbox or cash management for the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan.

Property Management. The Bella at Norcross Property is managed by an affiliate of the borrower sponsor.

Assumption. The borrower may transfer the Bella at Norcross Property at any time, provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including, but not limited to: (i) that no event of default has occurred and is continuing, (ii) the borrower has provided the lender with a written notice of the terms of such prospective transfer not less than 30 days’ prior to closing, (iii) delivery of a new non-consolidation opinion, and (iv) payment of an assumption fee, equal to (a) in connection with the first transfer, 0.5% of the then outstanding principal balance of the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan, or (b) in connection with each subsequent transfer, 1.0% of the then outstanding principal balance of the Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan.

 

Real Estate Substitution. Not permitted.

 

Subordinate and Mezzanine Indebtedness. None.

 

Ground Lease. None.

 

Terrorism Insurance. The Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan documents require that the “all risk” insurance policy required to be maintained by the borrower provides coverage for terrorism in an amount equal to the full replacement cost of the Bella at Norcross Property. The Bella at Norcross Mortgage Loan documents also require business interruption insurance covering no less than an amount equal to 100% of the projected gross rents from the Bella at Norcross Property for a 12-month period following the occurrence of a casualty event.

 

 A-3-85 

 

 

1600 TERRELL MILL ROAD

 

 

 A-3-86 

 

 

1600 TERRELL MILL ROAD

 

 

 

 

 A-3-87 

 

 

No. 10 – 1600 Terrell Mill Road
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Single Asset
  Property Type: Office
Original Principal Balance: $26,000,000   Specific Property Type: Suburban
Cut-off Date Balance: $26,000,000   Location: Marietta, GA
% of Initial Pool Balance: 3.1%   Size: 251,710 SF
Loan Purpose: Refinance  

Cut-off Date Balance Per SF:

$103.29
Borrower Name: Terrell Mill LLC   Year Built/Renovated: 1980/2008
Borrower Sponsor: Asher Roshanzamir (aka Asher Zamir)   Title Vesting(3): Fee
Mortgage Rate: 5.330%   Property Manager: Greenway USA, LLC
Note Date: November 16, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): NAV
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 90.8% (12/31/2015)
Maturity Date: December 6, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 90.1% (12/31/2016)
IO Period(1): 24 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 80.1% (12/31/2017)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (11/20/2018)
Seasoning: 0 months      
Amortization Term (Original): 360 months   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Amortizing Balloon   4th Most Recent NOI (As of): NAV
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of)(4): $2,892,855 (12/31/2016)
Call Protection: L(24),D(93),O(3)   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of)(4): $1,576,469 (12/31/2017)
Lockbox Type: Hard/Springing Cash Management   Most Recent NOI (As of)(4): $2,424,597 (TTM  9/30/2018)
Additional Debt: No      
Additional Debt Type: NAP   U/W Revenues: $3,668,419
      U/W Expenses: $1,078,701
Escrows and Reserves(2):     U/W NOI(3): $2,589,718
      U/W NCF: $2,262,513
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NOI DSCR: 1.49x
Taxes $93,480 $31,160 NAP   U/W NCF DSCR: 1.30x
Insurance $23,371 $2,921 NAP   U/W NOI Debt Yield: 10.0%
Replacement Reserve $0 $4,195 NAP   U/W NCF Debt Yield: 8.7%
Rent Abatement Reserve $178,557 $0 NAP   Appraised Value: $40,000,000
TI/LC Reserve $1,529,160 $25,417 NAP   Appraisal Valuation Date: October 23, 2018
Anchor Tenant Rollover Reserve $0 Springing $7,300,000   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio: 65.0%
Deferred Maintenance $3,438 $0 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD: 56.7%

 

(1)Interest only payments commence August 2022 through July 2024.

(2)See “Escrows” section.

(3)See “Ground Lease” section.

(4)See “Cash Flow Analysis” section.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note that is secured by a first mortgage encumbering the fee interest in an office building located in Marietta, Georgia (the “1600 Terrell Mill Road Property”). The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan was originated on November 16, 2018 by Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan had an original principal balance of $26,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $26,000,000 and accrues interest at a rate of 5.330% per annum. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 120 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires interest only payments for 24 months commencing on August 6, 2022 through July 6, 2024 (the “interest only period”); prior to and following the interest only period, the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan requires payments of principal and interest based on a 30-year amortization schedule. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan matures on December 6, 2028.

 

Following the lockout period, on any date before October 6, 2028, the borrower has the right to defease the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan in whole, but not in part. In addition, the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after October 6, 2028.

 

 A-3-88 

 

 

1600 Terrell Mill Road

 

Sources and Uses

 

Sources         Uses      
Original loan amount $26,000,000   100.0%   Existing Debt $20,151,844   77.5%
           Closing costs 328,515   1.3   
          Reserves 1,828,005   7.0   
          Return of equity 3,691,635   14.2   
Total Sources $26,000,000   100.0%   Total Uses $26,000,000   100.0%

  

The Property. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property is a 251,710 square foot office property located in Marietta, Georgia. Built in 1980 and renovated in 2008, the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property is situated on three contiguous parcels on a 16.6-acre site consisting of three buildings. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property includes a 726 space covered parking garage and 566 surface parking spaces resulting in a parking ratio of 5.13 spaces per 1,000 square feet of rentable area.

 

As of November 20, 2018, the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property was 100.0% leased to two tenants: Q Squared Solutions LLC (f/k/a Quintiles Inc.) (55.2% of underwritten net rentable area) and First Data Corporation (44.8% of underwritten net rentable area)

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancy at the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property:

 

Major Tenants

 

Tenant Name Credit Rating (Fitch/
Moody’s/
S&P)(1)
Tenant NRSF % of
NRSF
Annual U/W Base Rent PSF Annual
U/W Base Rent (2)
% of Total Annual U/W Base Rent Lease
Expiration
Date
             
Major Tenants            
Q Squared Solutions LLC (f/k/a Quintiles Inc) NR/NR/BB+ 138,981 55.2% $12.34 $1,715,026 57.2% 9/30/2023
First Data Corporation BB-/Ba3/BB- 112,729 44.8% $11.37 $1,282,292 42.8% Various(2)
Total Major Tenants   251,710 100.0% $11.91 $2,997,317 100.0%  
Vacant Space   0     0.0%        
Collateral Total 251,710 100.0%        
               

 

(1)Certain ratings are those of the parent company, whether or not the parent company guarantees the lease.
(2)August 31, 2023 as to 61,757 NRSF and August 31, 2026 as to an additional 50,972 NRSF (the “Expansion Space”). Tenant has a one-time right to terminate its lease of the Expansion Space on 8/31/2023 with 12 months’ written notice and payment of a termination fee equal to any unamortized expansion tenant improvement allowance, landlord work and leasing commissions. The Expansion Space lease provides for one month of free rent during the month of June for each year of the lease term. An initial reserve equal to $178,557 was established at origination.

  

 A-3-89 

 

 

1600 Terrell Mill Road

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule (1) (2)

 

Year Ending
 December 31,
No. of Leases Expiring Expiring NRSF % of Total NRSF Cumulative Expiring NRSF Cumulative % of Total NRSF Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
% of Total Annual U/W Base Rent Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
 PSF
MTM 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2018 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2019 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2020 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2021 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2022 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2023 2 200,738 79.7% 200,738 79.7% $2,477,403 82.7% $12,34
2024 0 0 0.0% 200,738 79.7% $0 0.0% $0.00
2025 0 0 0.0% 200,738 79.7% $0 0.0% $0.00
2026 1 50,972 20.3% 251,710 100.0% $519,914 17.3% $10.20
2027 0 0 0.0% 251,710 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2028 0 0 0.0% 251,710 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Thereafter 0 0 0.0% 251,710 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Vacant 0 0 0.0% 251,710 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 3 251,710 100.0%     $2,997,317 100.0% $11.91

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

(2)Certain tenants may have lease termination options that are exercisable prior to the originally stated expiration date of the subject lease and that are not considered in the Lease Expiration Schedule.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2015(1)

12/31/2016(1)

12/31/2017(1)

11/20/2018(1)(2)

90.8% 90.1% 80.1% 100.0%

 

(1)Information obtained from the borrower.

(2)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

 

 A-3-90 

 

 

1600 Terrell Mill Road

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and underwritten net cash flow at the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

  2016 2017 TTM
9/30/2018
U/W % of U/W
Effective Gross
Income
U/W $ per SF
Base Rent $2,980,261 $1,888,320 $2,442,063 $2,997,320  81.7% $11.91
Grossed Up Vacant Space 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.00
Total Reimbursement 581,164 595,729 1,038,465 1,078,701 29.4 4.29
Other Income(1) 180,000 0    0 0 0.0 0.00
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss(2)

0

0

0

(407,602)

(11.1)

(1.62)

Effective Gross Income $3,741,425 $2,484,049 $3,480,528 $3,668,419  100.0% $14.57
             
Total Operating Expenses 848,571 907,579 1,055,931 1,078,701  29.4% $4.29
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

             
Net Operating Income(3) $2,892,855 $1,576,469 $2,424,597 $2,589,718   70.6% $10.29
Replacement Reserves 665 490 0 50,342 1.4 0.20
Tenant Improvements 0 0 0 189,191 5.2 0.75
Leasing Commissions

1,849

0

0

87,672

2.4

0.35

Net Cash Flow $2,890,341 $1,575,979 $2,424,597 $2,262,513  61.7% $8.99
             
NOI DSCR 1.66x 0.91x 1.39x 1.49x    
NCF DSCR 1.66x 0.91x 1.39x 1.30x    
NOI DY 11.1% 6.1% 9.3% 10.0%    
NCF DY 11.1% 6.1% 9.3% 8.7%    
             
(1)Other income in 2016 represents income earned from a lease buyout.

(2)The underwritten economic vacancy is 10.0%. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property was 100.0% leased as of November 8, 2018.
(3)The decrease in Net Operating Income from 2016-2017 can be attributed to Q Squared Solutions LLC (f/k/a Quintiles Inc.) vacating 64,643 square feet in August 2016 and Corinthian College vacating 24,714 square feet in January of 2017 causing a drop in occupancy from 90.1% to 80.1% at that time. The increase in Net Operating Income from 2017 to TTM 9/30/2018 and TTM 9/30/2018 to UW can be attributed to 50,972 square feet of new leasing (20.3% of net rentable area) in May 2018.

 

Appraisal. As of the appraisal valuation date of October 23, 2018, the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property had an “as-is” appraised value of $40,000,000.

 

Environmental Matters. According to a Phase I environmental site assessment dated October 24, 2018, there was no evidence of recognized environmental conditions at the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property.

 

Market Overview and Competition.  The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property is located approximately 12 miles northwest of the Atlanta central business district and 2.6 miles west of I-75. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property is located 2.9 miles northwest of The Cobb Galleria Centre, which offers 320,000 gross square feet of conference space. Nearby shopping centers include Treasure Island Shopping Center (0.6 miles southwest of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property), Target (1.5 miles south of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property), Walmart (0.5 miles southwest of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property), and Ollie’s Bargain Outlet (0.6 miles southwest of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property). There are also several apartment complexes within 0.1 miles of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property is also 1.7 miles northwest of SunTrust Park, which opened in 2017 and is home to the Atlanta Braves. SunTrust Park is 0.2 miles northeast of The Battery Atlanta, a mixed use development which features restaurants, bars, retail space, a 9-story office tower, a 264-room Omni Hotel, and a 531-unit apartment building. According to the appraisal report, Thyssenkrupp Elevator is planning to build an additional 420 foot tall, 235,000 square foot office tower near The Battery and SunTrust Park. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property is 1.4 miles east of Dobbins Air Reserve Base (the “Base”), home to the Lockheed Martin Plant and the Georgia National Guard Headquarters. According to the appraisal, the Base employs more than 2,500 people and supports nearly 10,000 service members, including the 94th Airlift Wing. There are also several colleges and universities in the area. Life University, a private chiropractic school established in 1974 with more than 2,500 students is located 3.1 miles northwest of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property and Kennesaw State University’s Marietta campus is located 3.7 miles northwest of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property. Kennesaw State is the third largest public university in Georgia, with more than 35,000 students.

 

According to the appraisal, the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property is located in the Northwest Atlanta Submarket of Atlanta. Per a third party marketing consultant report,as of the third quarter of 2018, the Northwest Atlanta Office Submarket reported an occupancy rate and rent of 88.0% and $23.50 (Gross) per square foot. The appraisal included an estimated market population within a one, three, and five mile radius of the 1600 Terrill Mill Road Property of 13,687, 91,483, and 220,139, respectively; and an estimated average household income within the same radii of $60,186, $87,867, and $106,741, respectively.

 

 A-3-91 

 

 

1600 Terrell Mill Road

 

The following table presents certain information relating to comparable office leases for the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property:

 

Comparable Leases (1)

 

Property Name/Location Year Built/
Renovated
Total Property Occupancy Total GLA (SF) Distance from Subject (Miles) Largest Tenant Name Lease Date/ Term (Years) Lease Area (SF) Annual Base Rent PSF Lease Type

The Gold Building at Windy Hill
1945 The Exchange SE

Atlanta, GA 30339

1975 94.0% 66,869 0.6 UL Transaction Security Mar. 2016 /7.0 7,006 $17.50 Full Service

Marietta Tech Center

2121 Newmarket Pkwy SE
Marietta, GA 30067

1983 68.0% 85,685 0.9 Professional Office Mar. 2018 /5.0 4,103 $11.50 NNN

The Exchange

1765 The Exchange SE

Atlanta, GA 30339

1982 100.0% 100,000 0.2 Asking Lease Oct. 2018 /10.0 100,000 $19.00 Full Service

Northwest Business Center

2253 Northwest Pkwy SE
Marietta, GA 30067

1981 70.0% 70,815 0.5 Asking Lease

Oct. 2018

/5.0

30,000 $9.75 NNN

The Triangle Building

1775 The Exchange SE

Atlanta, GA 30339

1974 70.0% 96,038 0.2 The Yates Companies

Dec. 2017

/10.0

5,426 18.85 Full Service

Corporate Plaza

1950 Spectrum Cir

Marietta, GA 30067

1982 88.0% 187,471 1.0 BlueLinx Corp

Apr. 2018

/10.0

68,023 19.00 Full Service
                   

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.

 

The Borrower. The borrower is Terrell Mill LLC a Delaware limited liability company and single purpose entity. Asher Roshanzamir is the non-recourse carveout guarantor on the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan.

 

The Borrower Sponsor. Asher Roshanzamir (also known as Asher Zamir) is the Chairman and CEO of Zamir Equities a privately-held real estate equity firm based in New York City, founded in 2003. Currently, Zamir Equities owns and manages a portfolio in excess of $300 million and properties totaling over 1.5 million square feet with assets primarily located in New York and New Jersey. With respect to the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan, the guarantor recently settled several tax liens relating to the disposition of a non-performing asset and pursuant to a review of a 1031 exchange by the New York State Attorney General.   The guarantor has paid all back taxes and settled the matter with the State of New York.  See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Litigation and Other Considerations” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

Escrows. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage loan documents provide for upfront escrows at origination in the amounts of $93,480 for taxes, $23,371 for insurance, $3,438 for an immediate repair reserve held by the lender, $1,529,160 for tenant improvements relating to tenant First Data Corporation and $178,557 for rent abatements. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage loan documents require ongoing monthly escrows of $31,160 for taxes, $2,921 for insurance premiums, $4,195 for replacement reserves, and $25,417 for tenant improvements and leasing commissions. The rent abatement reserve of $178,577 relates to a tenant, First Data Corporation, which was granted a rent abatement for 50,972 square feet of its space equal to free rent for the first two months of the lease term and then one month of free rent applied each June through the end of the lease term.

 

Lockbox and Cash Management. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan is structured with a hard lockbox and springing cash management. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan documents require the borrower to direct all tenants to pay rent directly into the lender-controlled lockbox account, and also require that all rents received by the borrower or the property manager be deposited into the lockbox account within one business day of receipt. Prior to the occurrence of a Cash Sweep Period (as defined below), all funds in the lockbox account are distributed to the borrower. During a Cash Sweep Period, all funds in the lockbox account are swept to a lender-controlled cash management account on a daily basis and applied as provided in the loan documents.

 

A ”Cash Sweep Period” will commence upon the occurrence of (i) an event of default, (ii) the net cash flow debt service coverage ratio falling below 1.20x for the immediately preceding two (2) consecutive calendar quarters calculated at lender’s discretion (a “Cash Sweep DSCR Trigger Event”); (iii) the date on which Q Squared Solutions LLC (f/k/a Quintiles) and/or First Data Corporation (each an “Anchor Tenant”) provides notice of its intent to terminate its lease; (iv) the date on which an Anchor Tenant becomes insolvent or a debtor in a bankruptcy action; (v) an Anchor Tenant failing to provide notice of its intent to renew its lease at least twelve months prior to the expiration of an Anchor Tenant lease; (vi) any Anchor Tenant defaulting under its lease; or (vii) an Anchor Tenant providing notice of its intent to close its business to the general public (clauses (iii) through (vii) each is referred to as “Anchor Tenant Trigger Event”). During a Cash Sweep Period, funds will be available to pay real estate taxes, insurance premiums, loan principal and interest payments, property operating expenses, approved capital improvements, and required reserves. During the continuation of a Cash Sweep Period caused by a Cash Sweep DSCR Trigger Event, all excess cash flow will be retained and held by the lender as additional security for the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan. During a Cash Sweep Period caused by an Anchor Tenant Trigger Event all excess cash will be swept into the anchor tenant rollover reserve to be used exclusively for the re-tenanting of the Anchor Tenant that caused the Anchor Tenant Trigger Event up to the following required amounts specific to each Anchor Tenant: $4,000,000 for Q Squared Solutions LLC or $3,300,000 for First Data Corporation (the “Required Amounts”).

 

If the lender, after the occurrence of an Anchor Tenant Trigger Event, determines that sufficient excess cash flow is not available to escrow the Required Amounts within twelve months of an Anchor Tenant Trigger Event then the borrower and guarantor will be required to post cash or an acceptable Letter of Credit within fifteen business days after lender’s written request, in the required anchor tenant rollover contribution less any amounts then held in the anchor tenant rollover reserve. The borrower may avoid a Cash Sweep Period

 

 A-3-92 

 

 

1600 Terrell Mill Road

 

caused solely by an Anchor Tenant Trigger Event by voluntarily posting with lender cash or an acceptable Letter of Credit on no less than ten days prior written notice to lender. 

A Cash Sweep Period will end upon: with regard to clause (i), the lender’s acceptance of a cure of the applicable event of default; with respect to clause (ii), the property achieving a net cash flow debt service coverage ratio of 1.25x or greater for two consecutive quarters calculated at lender’s discretion; with respect to clauses (iii), (v) through (vii), such Anchor Tenant or another acceptable tenant(s) (A) being in occupancy of its space and (B) being open for business to the general public in said Anchor Tenant premises and paying the full, unabated rent under its lease, or (C) the borrower and borrower guarantor having deposited cash or a letter of credit in the amount of the Required Amounts; with respect to clause (iv), such Anchor Tenant having affirmed the Anchor Tenant lease in bankruptcy and certified to lender that the Anchor Tenant lease is in full force and effect with no existing defaults, physically occupied by such Anchor Tenant and open for business to the general public and paying full unabated rent.

Property Management. The 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan is managed by Greenway USA, LLC, a third party property management firm.

Assumption. The borrower has the right to transfer the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan; provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including, without limitation: (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (ii) payment of a transfer fee equal to 0.5% of the then outstanding principal amount of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan with respect to the first transfer and a fee equal to 1% of the then outstanding principal amount of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Mortgage Loan for each subsequent transfer; (iii) the lender reasonably determines that the proposed transferee and guarantor satisfy the lender’s credit review and underwriting standards, taking into consideration the transferee’s experience, financial strength and general business standing; and (iv) receipt of rating agency confirmation that the sale and assumption will not result in a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the respective ratings assigned to the Series 2018-C48 certificates.

Partial Release. Not applicable.

Real Estate Substitution. Not permitted.

Subordinate and Mezzanine Indebtedness. None.

Ground Lease. In connection with receiving certain tax abatements through the PILOT program offered through the Development Authority of Cobb County, Georgia (the “Development Authority”), the borrower transferred its fee interest in the portion of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property occupied by the largest tenant to the Development Authority and the Development Authority then entered into a ground lease with the borrower for the same portion of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property. The Development Authority also consented to granting the lender an interest in the fee interest of the ground leased property. At origination, lender had a perfected security interest in the fee and leasehold interests located at the 1600 Terrell Mill Property. In addition, upon termination of these tax abatements on December 1, 2018, the borrower is required to purchase the fee interest in this portion of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property back from the Development Authority for $100.

Tax Abatement: See “Ground Lease” section.

Terrorism Insurance. The loan documents require that the “all risk” insurance policy required to be maintained by the borrower provide coverage with no exclusion for terrorism in an amount equal to the full replacement cost of the 1600 Terrell Mill Road Property as well as business interruption covering no less than the 18 month period following the occurrence of a casualty event, together with a 365 day extended period of indemnity.

 

 A-3-93 

 

 

No. 11 – Memphis Industrial Portfolio
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Portfolio
  Property Type: Industrial
Original Principal Balance: $25,600,000   Specific Property Type: Flex
Cut-off Date Balance: $25,600,000   Location: Memphis, TN
% of Initial Pool Balance: 3.1%   Size: 467,949 SF
Loan Purpose: Refinance  

Cut-off Date

Balance Per SF:

$54.71
Borrower Names(2):

Stage Hills Holdings, LLC;

Wolf Lake Holdings, LLC

  Year Built/Renovated: Various – See Table
Sponsor(3): D. Curtis Wegener   Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 5.450%   Property Manager: Colliers Management Services – Memphis, LLC
Note Date: November 19, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 84.2% (12/31/2015)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 89.9% (12/31/2016)
Maturity Date: December 1, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 89.9% (12/31/2017)
IO Period: 0 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 91.3% (9/30/2018)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 92.6% (11/19/2018)
Seasoning: 0 months    
Amortization Term (Original): 360   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Amortizing Balloon      
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   4th Most Recent NOI(4): NAV
Call Protection: L(24),D(93),O(3)   3rd Most Recent NOI(4): $2,647,011 (12/31/2016)
Lockbox Type: Hard/Springing Cash Management   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of)(4): $2,737,368 (12/31/2017)
Additional Debt(1): Yes   Most Recent NOI (As of)(4): $2,811,943 (TTM 9/30/2018)
Additional Debt Type(1): Mezzanine      
         
          U/W Revenues: $3,992,373
          U/W Expenses: $1,074,797
          U/W NOI: $2,917,576
          U/W NCF: $2,430,587
Escrows and Reserves:         U/W NOI DSCR(1): 1.68x
          U/W NCF DSCR(1): 1.40x
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NOI Debt Yield(1): 11.4%
Taxes $0 $41,998 NAP   U/W NCF Debt Yield(1): 9.5%
Insurance $87,077 $7,916 NAP   As-Is Appraised Value: $43,000,000
Replacement Reserve $0 $7,799 NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: October 15, 2018
TI/LC Reserve $250,000 $32,653 $1,500,000   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(1): 59.5%
Deferred Maintenance $63,000 $0 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD: 49.7%
               
(1)The equity interest in the borrowers has been pledged to secure mezzanine indebtedness with an original principal balance of $5,500,000 (the “Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mezzanine Loan”) originated by BIG Real Estate Capital I, LLC (the “Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mezzanine Lender”), a Delaware limited liability company and an affiliate of Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mezzanine Loan is subject to an intercreditor agreement between the lender and the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mezzanine Lender. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mezzanine Loan has an initial term of 120 months and has a remaining term as of the Cut-off Date of 120 months. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mezzanine Loan accrues interest at an interest rate of 12.500% per annum and requires interest-only payments at a minimum current pay rate of 8.500% with the difference accruing, through maturity. All statistical information related to the balance per square foot, loan-to-value ratios, debt service coverage ratios and debt yields are based solely on the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan (as defined below). As of the Cut-off Date, the combined U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD were 1.32x, 1.10x, 9.4%, 7.8%, 72.3% and 62.5%, respectively.

(2)The borrowers are Stage Hills Holdings, LLC and Wolf Lake Holdings, LLC. Each borrower is a Delaware limited liability company having one independent director.

(3)The borrower sponsor and guarantor, D. Curtis Wegener, disclosed prior bankruptcies of entities that he controlled. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Loan Purpose; Default History, Bankruptcy Issues and Other Proceedings” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

(4)See “Cash Flow Analysis” table. 4th Most Recent NOI was not available for all of the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties (as defined below).

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note that is secured by a first mortgage encumbering the fee interest in two industrial properties totaling 467,949 square feet located in Memphis, Tennessee (the “Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties”). The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan was originated on November 19, 2018 by Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan had an original principal balance of $25,600,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $25,600,000 and accrues interest at an interest rate of 5.450% per annum. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan had an initial term of 120 months and has a remaining term of 120 months as of the Cut-off Date based on a 30-year amortization schedule. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan matures on December 1, 2028.

 

 A-3-94 

 

 

MEMPHIS INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

  

Following the lockout period, the borrowers have the right to defease the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan on any date before October 1, 2028. In addition, the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after October 1, 2028.

 

Sources and Uses 

Sources         Uses      
Original loan amount $25,600,000    82.3 % Defeasance Securities $23,800,000      76.5%
Mezzanine loan 5,500,000       17.7   Partner Pay Off 5,556,576   17.9
          Closing Costs 1,243,347    4.0
          Reserves 500,077    1.6
          Return of Equity Capital 0    0.0
Total Sources $31,100,000   100.0%   Total Uses $31,100,000     100.0%

 

The Properties. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties are comprised of two industrial/flex properties known as the Wolf Lake mortgaged property (the “Wolf Lake Property”) and the Stage Hills mortgaged property (the “Stage Hills Property”), totaling 467,949 square feet. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties are located in Memphis, Tennessee. As of November 19, 2018, the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties are 92.6% occupied by 68 tenants. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties are located within the Memphis Industrial market and the Northeast Memphis Industrial submarket. Asking rental rates continue to rise in the market as overall rental rates have increased $0.25-$0.30 per square foot since the beginning of 2018. According to a third party marketing consulting company, the submarket reports an 11.6% vacancy rate for industrial flex properties as of September 30, 2018 with year-to-date absorption of 91,503 square feet, while the submarket’s total industrial market reports a vacancy rate of 5.2% and year to date net absorption of 271,226 square feet. Overall, the Memphis industrial market reports a 6.6% vacancy rate and 3.57 million square feet of net absorption, year to date.

 

The Wolf Lake Property was built starting in 2001 and is comprised of six buildings totaling 229,674 square feet. As of November 19, 2018, the Wolf Lake Property was 97.9% occupied by 27 tenants. The six buildings range in size from 28,080 square feet to 47,424 square feet and feature clear ceiling heights ranging from 16 feet to 18 feet. Approximately 63.7% of the net rentable space of the Wolf Lake Property is allocated for office use with the balance being used primarily for the purposes of distribution loading and unloading and warehousing.

 

The Stage Hills Property was built starting in 1992 and is comprised of eight buildings totaling 238,275 square feet. As of November 19, 2018, the Stage Hills Property was 87.5% occupied by 41 tenants and has 14’ clear ceiling height. Approximately 58.1% of the net rentable space of the Stage Hills Property is allocated for office use with the balance being used primarily for the purposes of distribution loading and unloading and warehousing.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties:

 

Property Name –

Location 

Specific Property Type Allocated Cut-off Date Principal Balance % of Portfolio Cut-off Date Principal Balance Occupancy Year Built/ Renovated Net Rentable Area (SF) Appraised Value Allocated LTV

Wolf Lake - 

Memphis, TN

Flex $13,150,000 51.4% 97.9%

2001

/NAP

229,674 $21,800,000 60.3%

Stage Hills - 

Memphis, TN 

Flex $12,450,000 48.6% 87.5%

1992

/NAP

238,275 $21,200,000 58.7%
Total/Weighted Average $25,600,000 100.0% 92.6%   467,949   $43,000,000 59.5%
                 
 A-3-95 

 

 

MEMPHIS INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancy at the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties:

 

Major Tenants

 

Tenant Name Property Name Credit Rating (Fitch/
Moody’s/
S&P)
Tenant NRSF % of
NRSF
Annual U/W Base Rent PSF Annual
U/W Base Rent
% of Total Annual U/W Occupied Base Rent Lease
Expiration
Date
               
Major Tenants              
Experitec Wolf Lake NR/NR/NR 31,320 6.7% $11.14 $348,905 8.5% 4/30/2024
Enteroptyx Wolf Lake NR/NR/NR 36,000 7.7% $8.90 $320,400 7.8% 6/30/2022
Crown Manufacturing Wolf Lake NR/NR/NR 29,160 6.2% $6.65 $193,914 4.7% 2/28/2020
Surface Dynamics, LLC Stage Hills NR/NR/NR 19,440 4.2% $8.20 $159,408 3.9% 8/31/2021
Chrysler Group Wolf Lake NR/NR/NR 10,800 2.3% $11.80 $127,440 3.1% 4/30/2022
ADT Wolf Lake NR/NR/NR 13,500 2.9% $9.25 $124,875 3.0% 6/30/2025
IBA Dosimetry America Stage Hills NR/NR/NR 12,600 2.7% $9.65 $121,590 3.0% 6/30/2021
OfficeScapes Wolf Lake NR/NR/NR 12,150 2.6% $8.75 $106,313 2.6% 10/31/2021
Southern Fastening Systems, Inc Stage Hills NR/NR/NR 12,960 2.8% $8.00 $103,680 2.5% 10/31/2020
Behind The Scenes Stage Hills NR/NR/NR 12,500 2.7% $8.00 $100,000 2.4% 2/28/2022
                 
Total Major Tenants   190,430 40.7% $8.96 $1,706,524 41.5%  
                 
Non-Major Tenants(1)     242,834 51.9% $9.91 $2,407,430 58.5%  
                 
Occupied Collateral Total     433,264 92.6% $9.50 $4,113,954 100.0%  
                 
Vacant Space     34,685 7.4%        
                 
Collateral Total   467,949 100.0%        
                 

 

(1)There are three owner occupied tenants totalling 8,520 square feet. The borrower sponsor and guarantor of the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Mortgage Loan signed new 12-year leases and provided a separate master lease/guarantee for these three spaces.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule(1)

 

Year Ending
 December 31,
No. of Leases Expiring Expiring NRSF % of Total NRSF Cumulative Expiring NRSF Cumulative % of Total NRSF Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
% of Total Annual  U/W Base Rent Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
 PSF(2)
MTM 4 15,700 3.4% 15,700 3.4% $151,895 3.7% $9.67
2019(3) 17 65,761 14.1% 81,461 17.4% $659,556 16.0% $10.03
2020 6 57,506 12.3% 138,967 29.7% $440,572 10.7% $7.66
2021 21 105,324 22.5% 244,291 52.2% $1,013,304 24.6% $9.62
2022 6 74,378 15.9% 318,669 68.1% $712,176 17.3% $9.58
2023 3 16,010 3.4% 334,679 71.5% $153,086 3.7% $9.56
2024 4 48,510 10.4% 383,189 81.9% $518,105 12.6% $10.68
2025 2 23,895 5.1% 407,084 87.0% $205,436 5.0% $8.60
2026 1 9,810 2.1% 416,894 89.1% $94,176 2.3% $9.60
2027 0 0 0.0% 416,894 89.1% $0 0.0% $0.00
2028 1 7,850 1.7% 424,744 90.8% $77,323 1.9% $9.85
Thereafter 3 8,520 1.8% 433,264 92.6% $88,328 2.1% $10.37
Vacant 0 34,685 7.4% 467,949 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 68 467,949 100.0%     $4,113,954 100.0% $9.50

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

(2)Weighted Average Annual U/W Base Rent PSF excludes vacant space.

(3)There are 11 tenants comprising 39,216 square feet that have lease expirations prior to June 30, 2019. The borrower sponsor signed a master lease/guarantee at origination, in an amount equal to the rent due under these 11 leases. Upon a tenant signing a minimum 3-year renewal lease term at market terms, the rent obligation for this tenant would then be removed from the master lease.

 

 A-3-96 

 

 

MEMPHIS INDUSTRIAL PORTFOLIO

  

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2016(1)

12/31/2017(1)

9/30/2018(1)

11/19/2018(2)

89.9% 89.9% 91.3% 92.6%

 

(1)Information obtained from the borrower.

(2)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and the underwritten net cash flow at the Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

2016

2017 TTM
9/30/2018
U/W % of U/W
Effective
Gross Income
U/W $ per SF
Base Rent $3,544,700 $3,822,138 $3,928,556 $4,113,954 103.0% $8.79
Grossed Up Vacant Space 0 0 0 366,616 9.2 0.78
Total Reimbursables 60,227 36,504 46,822  46,822 1.2 0.10
Other Income 3,740 8,912 3,721 0 0.0 0.00
Less Vacancy & Free Rent(1)

0

0

0

(535,020)

(13.4) 

(1.14)

Effective Gross Income $3,608,667 $3,867,554 $3,979,098 $3,992,373 100.0% $8.53
             
Total Operating Expenses $961,655 $1,130,186 $1,167,155 $1,074,797 26.9% $2.30
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Operating Income $2,647,011 $2,737,368 $2,811,943 $2,917,576 73.1% $6.23
TI/LC 0 0 0 393,399 9.9 0.84
Capital Expenditures

0

0

0

93,590

2.3

0.20

Net Cash Flow $2,647,011 $2,737,368 $2,811,943 $2,430,587 60.9% $5.19
             
NOI DSCR 1.53x 1.58x 1.62x 1.68x    
NCF DSCR 1.53x 1.58x 1.62x 1.40x    
NOI DY 10.3% 10.7% 11.0% 11.4%    
NCF DY 10.3% 10.7% 11.0% 9.5%    

 

(1)The underwritten economic vacancy is 11.8%. The Memphis Industrial Portfolio Properties were 92.6% occupied as of November 19, 2018.

 

 A-3-97 

 

  

No. 12 – Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Portfolio
 

Property Type:

Other

Original Principal Balance(1): $25,000,000   Specific Property Type: Data Center
Cut-off Date Balance(1): $25,000,000   Location: Various
% of Initial Pool Balance: 3.0%   Size: 1,042,933 SF
Loan Purpose: Refinance   Cut-off Date Balance Per SF(1): $203.27
Borrower Names: Digital-PR Toyama, LLC; Digital-PR Old Ironsides 1, LLC; Digital-PR Old Ironsides 2, LLC; Digital-PR FAA, LLC; BNY-Somerset NJ, LLC; Digital-PR Mason King Court, LLC; Digital-PR Beaumeade Circle, LLC; Digital-PR Devin Shafron E, LLC   Year Built/Renovated: Various/Various
Borrower Sponsor: Digital Realty Trust, L.P.   Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 4.5575%   Property Manager: Self-managed
Note Date: September 7, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/31/2015)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/31/2016)
Maturity Date: October 6, 2023   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/31/2017)
IO Period: 60 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (6/30/2018)
Loan Term (Original): 60 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/6/2018)
Seasoning: 2 months      
Amortization Term (Original): NAP   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Balloon       
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   4th Most Recent NOI: $24,670,744 (12/31/2015)
Call Protection(2): L(26), GRTR 1% or YM or D(27), O(7)   3rd Most Recent NOI: $24,935,956 (12/31/2016)
Lockbox Type: Soft/Springing Cash Management   2nd Most Recent NOI: $25,488,503 (12/31/2017)
Additional Debt(1): Yes   Most Recent NOI: $25,861,704 (TTM 6/30/2018)
Additional Debt Type(1): Pari Passu      
      U/W Revenues: $31,435,055
      U/W Expenses: $6,299,432
      U/W NOI: $25,135,623
      U/W NCF: $24,509,864
      U/W NOI DSCR(1): 2.57x
Escrows and Reserves:     U/W NCF DSCR(1): 2.50x
      U/W NOI Debt Yield(1): 11.9%
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NCF Debt Yield(1): 11.6%
Taxes $0 Springing NAP   As-Is Appraised Value(3): $387,600,000
Insurance $0 Springing NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date(3): Various
Replacement Reserve $0 Springing $417,173   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(1): 54.7%
TI/LC Reserve $0 Springing NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD(1): 54.7%

 

(1)The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan (as defined below) is part of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan (as defined below), which comprises six pari passu notes with an aggregate original principal balance of $212,000,000. All statistical information related to the Cut-off Date Balance per SF, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD are based on the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan.

(2)Following the prepayment lockout date or defeasance lockout date (as applicable), the borrower of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan (as defined below) may obtain the release of one or more of the properties, provided that, among other conditions and in accordance with the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan documents, (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (ii) the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan is either partially defeased or partially prepaid (along with any applicable yield maintenance premium) in an amount equal to the greater of (a) 110.0% of the allocated loan amount of the Prudential –Digital Realty Portfolio Property (as defined below) being released and (b) the amount needed to satisfy the Debt Yield Test (as defined below), (iii) the net cash flow debt yield for the remaining Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Property immediately following the release is equal to or greater than the greater of (a) 11.0% and (b) the net cash flow debt yield immediately prior to the release (the “Debt Yield Test”), (iv) in connection with a partial defeasance, a legal opinion covering compliance in all respects with all laws, rules and regulations governing REMICs has been delivered and (v) in connection with a partial defeasance, rating agency confirmation is received. The allocated loan amount for each of the remaining Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties is subject to pro rata reduction by the release premium to account for previous prepayments and partial defeasances. Allocated loan amounts may also be reduced in connection with mandatory prepayments.

(3)The appraiser concluded to an aggregate hypothetical “go dark” value of $336,300,000 with valuation dates between July 6, 2018 and July 16, 2018.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The whole loan (the “Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan”) is evidenced by six pari passu notes secured by a first priority fee interest in a portfolio of eight data center properties (the “Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties”) located in California (3), Virginia (3), Texas (1) and New Jersey (1). The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan was co-originated on September 7, 2018 by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Column Financial, Inc. The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan had an original principal balance of $212,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $212,000,000 and accrues interest at an interest rate of 4.5575% per annum. The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan

 

 A-3-98 

 

 

PRUDENTIAL – DIGITAL REALTY PORTFOLIO

  

had an initial term of 60 months, has a remaining term of 60 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires payments of interest only through the loan term. The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan matures on October 6, 2023.

 

The mortgage loan (the “Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by the non-controlling Note A-5 of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan. The Note A-5 was purchased by BSPRT CMBS Finance LLC and is being contributed to the WFCM 2018-C48 securitization trust. The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Mortgage Loan had an original principal balance of $25,000,000 and has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $25,000,000.

 

The controlling Note A-1 had an original principal balance of $70,000,000, had an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $70,000,000 and has been contributed to the BANK 2018-BNK14 securitization trust. The non-controlling Note A-2-1 had an original principal balance of $26,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $26,000,000 and has been contributed to the BANK 2018-BNK15 securitization trust. The non-controlling Note A-2-2 had an original principal balance of $10,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $10,000,000, is currently held by Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and is expected to be contributed to future securitization trusts or may be otherwise transferred at any time. The non-controlling Note A-3 had an original principal balance of $70,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $70,000,000 and has been contributed to the CSAIL 2018-C14 securitization trust. The non-controlling Note A-4 had an original principal balance of $11,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $11,000,000, is currently held by Column Financial, Inc. and is expected to be contributed to future securitization trusts or may be otherwise transferred at any time. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans— The Serviced Pari Passu Whole Loans” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

Note Summary

 

Notes Original Balance Note Holder Controlling Interest
A-1 $70,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK14 Yes
A-2-1 $26,000,000 BANK 2018-BNK15 No
A-2-2 $10,000,000 Wells Fargo Bank, National Association No
A-3 $70,000,000 CSAIL 2018-C14 No
A-4 $11,000,000 Column Financial, Inc. No
A-5 $25,000,000 WFCM 2018-C48 No
Total $212,000,000    

 

Following the lockout period, on any date after the earlier to occur of (i) November 6, 2021 and (ii) two years from the closing date of the securitization that includes the last pari passu note of the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan to be securitized, the borrower has the right to either (a) defease the Prudential – Digital Realty Whole Loan or (b) prepay the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan provided that, among other conditions, the borrower pays the greater of (a) the yield maintenance premium or (b) the prepayment premium equal to 1.0% of the principal balance being prepaid. In addition, the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after April 6, 2023.

 

Sources and Uses

 

Sources     Uses    
Original whole loan amount $212,000,000 100.0% Loan payoff $208,217,519 98.2%
      Closing costs 2,295,145 1.1
      Return of equity 1,487,336 0.7
Total Sources $212,000,000 100.0% Total Uses $212,000,000 100.0%

 

The Properties. The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties consist of eight Tier III powered shell data centers built between 1977 and 2012, totaling 1,042,933 SF. As of December 6, 2018, the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties, were 100.0% occupied by four tenants subject to eight, triple-net leases.

 

The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties represent wholesale data centers (powered shell space) in which the landlord delivered the subject buildings in shell condition but had the power and fiber connectivity already brought to the respective sites. The respective tenants were then required to invest their own capital to build out the internal infrastructure and improvements. Six of the eight Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties are currently being utilized by their respective tenants as colocation facilities while the remaining two are used as data center space for the use of their respective tenants. According to the appraisal, the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties are all estimated to be Tier III shell data centers.

 

 A-3-99 

 

 

PRUDENTIAL – DIGITAL REALTY PORTFOLIO

 

The following tables present certain information relating to the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties:

 

Property Name – Location Allocated
Cut-off Date
Balance(1)
% of Portfolio Cut-off Date Balance Size (SF) Occupancy
(as of  12/6/2018)
Year Built/ Renovated UW Net Cash Flow % of
UW Net Cash Flow
Appraised
Value
Allocated Cut-Off Date LTV
14901 FAA Boulevard – Fort Worth, TX

$42,800,000

 

20.2%

 

263,700

 

100.0%

 

2000/N/A

 

$5,402,268

 

22.0%

 

$78,300,000

 

54.7%

 

4650 Old Ironsides Drive – Santa Clara, CA

$37,400,000

 

17.6%

 

124,383

 

100.0%

 

1977/2012

 

$4,032,392

 

16.5%

 

$68,400,000

 

54.7%

 

43790 Devin Shafron Drive – Ashburn, VA

$30,200,000

 

14.2%

 

152,138

 

100.0%

 

2011/N/A

 

$3,536,651

 

14.4%

 

$55,300,000

 

54.6%

 

636 Pierce Street – Somerset, NJ

$25,100,000

 

11.8%

 

108,336

 

100.0%

 

2001/2003

 

$3,102,133

 

12.7%

 

$45,800,000

 

54.8%

 

21551 Beaumeade Circle – Ashburn, VA

$22,600,000

 

10.7%

 

152,504

 

100.0%

 

2012/N/A

 

$2,188,529

 

8.9%

 

$41,300,000

 

54.7%

 

7505 Mason King Court – Manassas, VA

$19,600,000

 

9.2%

 

109,650

 

100.0%

 

2003/N/A

 

$2,073,396

 

8.5%

 

$35,900,000

 

54.6%

 

4700 Old Ironsides Drive – Santa Clara, CA

$19,100,000

 

9.0%

 

90,139

 

100.0%

 

1993/1997

 

$2,057,661

 

8.4%

 

$34,900,000

 

54.7%

 

444 Toyama Drive – Sunnyvale, CA

$15,200,000

 

7.2%

 

42,083

 

100.0%

 

1999/N/A

 

$2,116,835

 

8.6%

 

$27,700,000

 

54.9%

 

Total/Weighted Average $212,000,000 100.0% 1,042,933 100.0%   $24,509,864 100.0% $387,600,000 54.7%

 

(1)Balances shown are for the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

Property Name – Location

Region

Tenant 

Size (SF)

Lease Expiration

Annual
UW
Rent PSF

Facility Type

Power (Gross)

Power Density(1)

14901 FAA Boulevard – Fort Worth, TX Dallas Cyxtera 263,700 2/2/2022 $22.82 Colocation 24.0 MW 91 W/SF
4650 Old Ironsides Drive – Santa Clara, CA Silicon Valley Cyxtera 124,383 4/30/2027 $38.41 Colocation 10.0 MW 80 W/SF
43790 Devin Shafron Drive – Ashburn, VA Northern VA VADATA 152,138 5/31/2021 $25.34 Colocation 10.0 MW 66 W/SF
636 Pierce Street. – Somerset, NJ NY/NJ BNY Mellon 108,336 4/30/2023 $31.94 Data Center 8.0 MW 74 W/SF
21551 Beaumeade Circle – Ashburn, VA Northern VA Equinix 152,504 12/31/2023 $16.35 Colocation 7.0 MW 46 W/SF
7505 Mason King Court – Manassas, VA Northern VA VADATA(2) 109,650 12/31/2023 $19.72 Colocation 20.0 MW 182 W/SF
4700 Old Ironsides Drive – Santa Clara, CA Silicon Valley Cyxtera 90,139 4/30/2027 $27.26 Colocation 10.0 MW 110 W/SF
444 Toyama Drive – Sunnyvale, CA Silicon Valley Equinix 42,083 7/31/2022 $55.09 Data Center 6.2 MW 147 W/SF

 

(1)Power Density is calculated by dividing Power (Gross) by Size (SF). One MW is equal to one million watts.

(2)VADATA has a one-time right to terminate its lease at the 7505 Mason King Court property effective December 31, 2020, with nine months’ prior written notice, subject to a termination fee equal to unamortized tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions.

 

The 14901 FAA Boulevard property is a 263,700 SF, single-story powered shell data center with 180,000 SF of raised floor space (an elevated floor that creates space that can be used for cooling, electrical and mechanical services). The building is situated on a 11.5-acre site, and contains 222 parking spaces, and is currently provided with 24.0 megawatts (“MW”) of power (gross), indicating a power density of 91 watts/SF.

 

The 4650 Old Ironsides Drive property is a 124,383 SF, single-story powered shell data center, with 80,000 SF of raised floor space. The building is situated on a 6.5-acre site, contains 78 parking spaces and is currently provided with 10.0 MW of power (gross), indicating a power density of 80 watts/SF.

 

The 43790 Devin Shafron Drive property is a 152,138 SF, single-story powered shell data center, with 106,000 SF of raised floor space. The building is situated on a 4.6-acre site and contains 59 parking spaces. The 43790 Devin Shafron Drive property is currently provided with 10.0 MW of power (gross), indicating a power density of 66 watts/SF. The 43790 Devin Shafron Drive property is a freestanding building that is part of a land condominium. The borrower has 50.0% of the voting rights in the related owners’ associations. The condominium documents provide that each owner is responsible for maintenance of its respective building. The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan documents provide for recourse to the borrower and guarantor for losses in connection with any termination or material modification of the condominium documents or termination or subdivision of the condominium without the lender’s consent. See “Description of the Mortgage PoolMortgage Pool CharacteristicsCondominium and Other Shared Interests” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

The 636 Pierce Street property is a 108,336 SF, single-story powered shell data center with 61,990 SF of raised floor space. The building is situated on a 19.6-acre site, contains 281 parking spaces and is currently provided with 8.0 MW of power (gross), indicating a power density of 74 watts/PSF.

 

The 21551 Beaumeade Circle property is a 152,504 SF, single-story powered shell data center with approximately 107,000 SF of raised floor space. The building is situated on a 10.7-acre site, contains 102 parking spaces and is currently provided with 7.0 MW of power (gross), indicating a power density of 46 watts/SF.

 

The 7505 Mason King Court property is a 109,650 SF, single-story powered shell data center with approximately 76,000 SF of raised floor space. The building is situated on a 7.7-acre site, contains 117 parking spaces and is currently provided with 20.0 MW of power (gross), indicating a power density of 182 watts/SF.

 

The 4700 Old Ironsides Drive property is a 90,139 SF, single-story powered shell data center with approximately 88,000 SF of raised floor space. The building is situated on a 6.5-acre site, contains 257 parking spaces and is currently provided with 10.0 MW of power (gross), indicating a power density of 110 watts/SF. 

 

 A-3-100 

 

 

PRUDENTIAL – DIGITAL REALTY PORTFOLIO

 

The 444 Toyama Drive property is a 42,083 SF, two-story powered shell data center with approximately 32,000 SF of raised floor space. The building is situated on a 2.3-acre site, contains 281 parking spaces and is currently provided with 6.2 MW of power (gross), indicating a power density of 147 watts/SF.

 

The 4650 Old Ironsides Drive property, the 4700 Old Ironsides Drive property and the 444 Toyama Drive property are located within the Silicon Valley data center market. According to the appraisal, Silicon Valley is the third largest multi-tenant data center market in the United States, with nearly 3.7 million SF of space currently in operation and 240 MW of power. The appraisal concluded to market rents for the 4650 Old Ironsides Drive property, 4700 Old Ironsides Drive property, and 444 Toyama Drive property of $39.00 PSF, $27.00 PSF and $45.00 PSF, respectively, all on a net basis.

 

The 43790 Devin Shafron Drive property, the 21551 Beaumeade Circle property and the 7505 Mason King Court property are located within the Northern Virginia data center market. According to the appraisal, Northern Virginia is the largest multi-tenant data market center in the United States with over 4.8 million SF of space currently in operation and 666 MW of power. The appraisal concluded to market rents for the 43790 Devin Shafron Drive property, the 21551 Beaumeade Circle property and 7505 Mason King Court property of $27.00 PSF, $24.00 PSF and $24.00 PSF, respectively, all on a net basis.

 

The 14901 FAA Boulevard property is located within the Dallas/Fort Worth data center market. According to the appraisal, Dallas/Fort Worth is the fourth largest multi-tenant data center market in the United States, with approximately 3.4 million SF of space currently in operation and 364 MW of power. The appraisal concluded to a market rent for the 14901 FAA Boulevard property of $22.20 PSF, net.

 

The 636 Pierce Street property is located within the Northern New Jersey/New York data center market. According to the appraisal, the Northern New Jersey/New York data center market is the second largest multi-tenant data center market in the United States with approximately 4.2 million SF of space currently in operation and 473 MW of power. The appraiser concluded to a market rent for the 636 Pierce Street property of $30.00 PSF, on a net basis.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancy at the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties:

 

Major Tenants

 

Tenant Name Credit Rating (Fitch/Moody's/ S&P)(1) Tenant
NRSF
Approx.% of
NRSF
Annual U/W Base Rent(2) % of
Total Annual
U/W Base
Annual U/W Base
Rent PSF(2)
Lease Expiration Renewal
Options
                 
Cyxtera – 14901 FAA Boulevard NR/B1/B 263,700 25.3% $6,016,374 21.8% $22.82 2/2/2022 3, 5-year
Cyxtera – 4650 Old Ironsides Drive NR/B1/B 124,383 11.9% $4,777,054 17.3% $38.41 4/30/2027 3, 5-year
Cyxtera – 4700 Old Ironsides Drive NR/B1/B  90,139 8.6% $2,457,588 8.9% $27.26 4/30/2027 3, 5-year
Cyxtera Total   478,222 45.9% $13,251,017 47.9% $27.71    
                 
VADATA (Amazon) – 43790 Devin Shafron A+/Baa1/AA- 152,138 14.6% $3,865,908 14.0% $25.41 5/31/2021 3, 5-year
VADATA (Amazon) – 7505 Mason King Court A+/Baa1/AA-  109,650 10.5% $2,264,945 8.2% $20.66 12/31/2023(3) 3, 5-year
VADATA (Amazon) Total   261,788 25.1% $6,130,853 22.2% $23.42    
                 
Equinix – 21551 Beaumeade Circle BB/Ba3/BB+ 152,504 14.6% $2,492,794 9.0% $16.35 12/31/2023 3, 5-year
Equinix – 444 Toyama Drive BB/Ba3/BB+  42,083 4.0% $2,318,412 8.4% $55.09 7/31/2022 2, 5-year
Equinix Total   194,587 18.7% $4,811,206 17.4% $24.73    
                 
BNY Mellon AA-/A1/A 108,336 10.4% $3,460,000 12.5% $31.94 4/30/2023 2, 1-year
Total Tenants   1,042,933 100.0% $27,653,076 100.0% $26.51    
                 
Vacant Space   0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00    
                 
Collateral Total   1,042,933 100.0% $27,653,076 100.0% $26.51    
                 
(1)Certain ratings are those of the parent company whether or not the parent guarantees the lease.

(2)Annual U/W Base Rent PSF and Annual U/W Base Rent include contractual rent steps through September 2019 totaling $651,441 and straight-line rent averaging over the remaining lease term for VADATA totaling $114,197. VADATA’s current rental rate is $19.23 PSF at the 7505 Mason King Court property and $24.60 PSF at the 43790 Devin Shafron Drive property (weighted average of $22.35 PSF).

(3)VADATA has a one-time right to terminate its lease at only the 7505 Mason King Court property effective December 31, 2020, with 9 months’ prior written notice, subject to a termination fee equal to unamortized tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions.

 

 A-3-101 

 

 

PRUDENTIAL – DIGITAL REALTY PORTFOLIO

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule(1)(2)

 

Year 

# of Leases Rolling 

SF Rolling 

Annual UW Rent PSF Rolling 

Approx. % of Total SF Rolling 

Approx. Cumulative 

% of SF Rolling 

Total UW Rent Rolling 

Approx. 

% of Total 

Rent Rolling 

Approx. Cumulative 

% of Total 

Rent Rolling 

MTM 0 0 $0.00 0.0% 0.0% $0 0.0% 0.0%
2018 0 0 $0.00 0.0% 0.0% $0 0.0% 0.0%
2019 0 0 $0.00 0.0% 0.0% $0 0.0% 0.0%
2020 0 0 $0.00 0.0% 0.0% $0 0.0% 0.0%
2021 1 152,138 $25.41 14.6% 14.6% $3,865,908 14.0% 14.0%
2022 2 305,783 $27.26 29.3% 43.9% $8,334,786 30.1% 44.1%
2023 3 370,490 $22.18 35.5% 79.4% $8,217,739 29.7% 73.8%
2024 & Beyond 2 214,522 $33.72 20.6% 100.0% $7,234,643 26.2% 100.0%
Vacant 0 0 $0.00 0.0% 100.0% $0 0.0% 100.0%
Total/Weighted Average 8 1,042,933 $26.51 100.0%   $27,653,076 100.0%  

 

(1)Information is based on the underwritten rent roll.

(2)Certain tenants may have lease termination options that are exercisable prior to the originally stated expiration date of the subject lease and that are not considered in the Lease Expiration Schedule. The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties:

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

     12/31/2015(1)      12/31/2016(1)      12/31/2017(1)   6/30/2018(1) 12/6/2018(2)
100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

 

(1)Information obtained from the leases.

(2)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the underwritten net cash flow at the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties:

 

Cash Flow Analysis(1)

 

  2015   2016   2017   6/30/2018 TTM   UW   UW PSF
Gross Potential Base Rent $24,586,150   $25,180,137   $25,790,795   $26,147,281   $27,653,075   $26.51
Total Recoveries 3,747,608   4,973,838   5,218,267   5,470,766   5,436,457   5.21
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss 0   0   0   0   (1,654,477)(2)   (1.59)(2)
Effective Gross Income $28,333,758   $30,153,975   $31,009,062   $31,618,047   $31,435,055   $30.14
Total Operating Expenses 3,663,014   5,218,019   5,520,559   5,756,343   6,299,432   6.04
Net Operating Income $24,670,744   $24,935,956   $25,488,503   $25,861,704   $25,135,623   $24.10
TI/LC 0   0   0   0   521,467   0.50
Capital Expenditures 0   0   0   0   104,293   0.10
Net Cash Flow $24,670,744   $24,935,956   $25,488,503   $25,861,704   $24,509,864   $23.50
                       

Occupancy %

100.0%

 

100.0%

 

100.0%

 

100.0%

 

95.0%(2)

   
NOI DSCR(3) 2.52x   2.55x   2.60x   2.64x   2.57x    
NCF DSCR(3) 2.52x   2.55x   2.60x   2.64x   2.50x    
NOI Debt Yield(3) 11.6%   11.8%   12.0%   12.2%   11.9%    
NCF Debt Yield(3) 11.6%   11.8%   12.0%   12.2%   11.6%    

 

(1)UW Gross Potential Base Rent PSF and UW Gross Potential Base Rent include contractual rent steps through September 2019 totalling $651,441 and straight line rent averaging over the remaining lease term for VADATA (Amazon) totalling $114,197.

(2)The underwritten economic vacancy is 5.0%. The Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Properties were 100.0% physically occupied as of December 6, 2018.

(3)The debt service coverage ratios and debt yields shown are based on the Prudential – Digital Realty Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

 A-3-102 

 

 

 

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 A-3-103 

 

 

No. 13 – California Mixed Use Portfolio
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Portfolio
  Property Type(4): Various
Original Principal Balance: $24,800,000   Specific Property Type(4): Various
Cut-off Date Principal Balance: $24,800,000   Location: Various, CA
% of Initial Pool Balance: 3.0%   Size: 607,004 SF
Loan Purpose: Recapitalization  

Cut-off Date Principal 

Balance Per SF:

 

$40.86
Borrower Names(1): Absolute Storage Thousand Palms Varner Road LP; Perris Citrus Avenue Storage LP   Year Built/Renovated: Various
Borrower Sponsor: DT GRAT LM, LLC   Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 5.190%   Property Manager: Dominion Storage Group, Inc. (d/b/a Platinum Storage Group)
Note Date: November 16, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of) NAV
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): NAV
Maturity Date: December 6, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of) (5): 89.8% (12/31/2016)
IO Period: 0 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of) (5): 90.9% (12/31/2017)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 93.8% (Various)
Seasoning: 0 months    
Amortization Term (Original): 360 months   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Amortizing Balloon   4th Most Recent NOI (As of): NAV
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of): $2,259,255 (12/31/2016)
Call Protection(2): L(24),D(92),O(4)   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of): $2,440,771 (12/31/2017)
Lockbox Type(3): Soft/Springing Cash Management   Most Recent NOI (As of): $2,483,855 (TTM 9/30/2018)
Additional Debt: None    
Additional Debt Type: NAP      
      U/W Revenues: $3,614,462
      U/W Expenses: $1,186,005
      U/W NOI: $2,428,457
      U/W NCF: $2,273,303
Escrows and Reserves:     U/W NOI DSCR: 1.49x
      U/W NCF DSCR: 1.39x
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NOI Debt Yield: 9.8%
Taxes $114,994 $28,749 NAP   U/W NCF Debt Yield: 9.2%
Insurance $53,164 $3,544 NAP   As-Is Appraised Value: $39,700,000
Replacement Reserves $0 $5,058 NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: October 10, 2018
Deferred Maintenance $18,313 $0 NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio: 62.5%
TI/LC Reserves $350,000 $10,788 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD: 51.7%
                 
(1)Absolute Storage Thousand Palms Varner Road LP is the owner of the Absolute Self Storage Property (as defined below) and Perris Citrus Avenue Storage LP is the owner of the Daytona Business Park Property (as defined below) and the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property (as defined below).

(2)Following the lockout period and prior to September 6, 2028, the borrowers are permitted to obtain the release of the Absolute Self-Storage Property in connection with a partial defeasance, subject to certain conditions, including, (i) no event of default has occurred and is continuing; (ii) payment of a release price equal to the greater of (x) 120.0% of the allocated loan amount for the release property and (y) the net sales proceeds of the release property, (iii) after giving effect to the release, a DSCR equal to or greater than (x) the DSCR in effect immediately prior to release and (y) the DSCR in effect as of the origination date, and (iv) after giving effect to the release, an LTV no greater than the lesser of (x) the LTV in effect immediately prior to release and (y) the LTV in effect as of the origination date.

(3)The California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan (as defined below) documents require a hard lockbox for its commercial tenants and a soft lockbox for the self-storage and RV/boat storage tenants at the properties.

(4)With respect to the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property and the Absolute Self Storage Property, the property type is self storage. With respect to the Daytona Business Park Property, the property type is industrial flex.

(5)Historical Occupancy is based on the Daytona RV & Boat Storage and Absolute Self Storage properties only. Historical Occupancy is unavailable for the Daytona Business Park Property.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note that is jointly secured by two first priority lien mortgages that collectively encumber two self-storage properties and an industrial property. One such mortgage solely encumbers the Absolute Self Storage property (the “Absolute Self Storage Property”) in Thousand Palms, California, while the other mortgage encumbers both the Daytona RV & Boat Storage property (the “Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property”) and the Daytona Business Park property (the “Daytona Business Park Property”, and together with the Absolute Self Storage Property and the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property, the “California Mixed Use Portfolio Properties”), which are both located in Perris, California. The California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan was originated on November 16, 2018 by BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC. The California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan had an original principal balance of $24,800,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $24,800,000 and accrues interest at a rate of 5.190% per annum. The California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan had an initial term of 120 months, has a remaining term of 120 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires payments of principal

 

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CALIFORNIA MIXED USE PORTFOLIO

 

and interest based on a 30-year amortization schedule. The California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan matures on December 6, 2028.

 

Following the lockout period, the borrower has the right to defease the California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan in whole or in part, on any date before September 6, 2028. In addition, the California Mixed Use Portfolio Mortgage Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after September 6, 2028.

 

Sources and Uses

Sources         Uses      
Original loan amount $24,800,000   100.0%   Return of equity $23,773,692   95.8%
                      Reserves 536,471   2.2
                      Closing costs 489,837   2.0
Total Sources $24,800,000   100.0%   Total Uses $24,800,000   100.0%

 

The Properties. The California Mixed Use Portfolio Properties are comprised of two self-storage properties totaling 407,846 square feet and one industrial property totaling 199,158 square feet, all of which are located in California. The Absolute Self Storage Property is located in Thousand Palms, California, and is directly off of Interstate 10 on Varner Road. The Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property and the Daytona Business Park Property are located in Perris, California, and are west of Interstate 215 on Harvill Avenue.

 

The California Mixed Use Portfolio Properties contain a total of 978 self-storage units between the Absolute Self Storage Property and the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property. The Absolute Self Storage Property is a traditional self-storage property comprised of 322 drive up units, 36 climate controlled units, 128 non-climate controlled units and 17 interior storage units. The Absolute Self Storage Property features a guest parking area, an electronic security gate with key coded access, concrete paved driving surfaces, video surveillance and a management office. The Absolute Self Storage Property is 97.1% occupied with an average unit rent of $139 ($0.82 PSF).

 

The Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property is a non-traditional storage facility with larger than average unit sizes to accommodate recreational vehicles (“RVs”) and boats. The Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property contains 416 drive up units, 36 interior units and 23 outside RV parking spaces. Approximately 75.0% of units at the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property are occupied with RVs or boats and the remaining 25.0% of the units are used by commercial storage tenants. Similar to the Absolute Self Storage Property, the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property features a guest parking area, an electronic security gate with key coded access and video surveillance. Additionally, each unit features electricity and lighting, 14 foot roll-up doors, and an on-site dump station. The Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property is 98.3% occupied with an average unit rent of $334 ($0.49 PSF). The Absolute Self Storage Property and the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property have a combined occupancy of 97.7% and average rent of $234 ($0.56 PSF).

 

The Daytona Business Park Property is an eight-building, 199,158 square foot industrial park, occupied by 18 tenants and was 85.1% occupied as of September 30, 2018. Tenant use of space at the Daytona Business Park Property is approximately 80.0% warehouse use and 20.0% office use. Multiple tenant spaces at the Daytona Business Park Property include an office area that interconnects with the warehouse area. Since January 2016, 17 tenants have leased or exercised an extension at the Daytona Business Park Property and tenancy at the Daytona Business Park Property covers a wide array of industries. The largest tenant at the Daytona Business Park Property is the County of Riverside, which houses a mission-critical station of its sheriff’s department along with various emergency response vehicles. The second largest tenant at the Daytona Business Park Property is Axiom Trading International Inc. (”Axiom”). Axiom is a wholesaler of mattresses and other home goods and occupies two separate spaces at the Daytona Business Park Property. Axiom utilizes 17,473 square feet of space as a showroom for its products and 21,000 square feet of space as a warehouse for older and wholesale products. The third largest tenant at the Daytona Business Park Property is SoCal Custom Rigs, LLC (“SoCal”). SoCal, founded in 2000, is an auto-body shop that does welding, plasma cutting, powder-coating, fabrication and electrical work on show cars and vintage vehicles.

 

The California Mixed Use Portfolio Properties are located in the Inland Empire, which encompasses Riverside and San Bernardino counties and is the fifth-largest industrial market in the nation in terms of inventory. The Inland Empire benefits from its proximity to the coastal regions of Los Angeles and Orange County, specifically the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, and serves as a key distribution and manufacturing epicenter in the area. The trade, transportation and utilities sector in the Inland Empire represents approximately 24.5% of employment, the government sector represents approximately 17.0% of employment and the construction sector represents approximately 7% of employment.

 

According to a third party market research report, the Daytona Business Park Property is located within the San Bernardino/Riverside industrial market, which features approximately 298,000,000 square feet of inventory, an average asking rent of $5.78 per square foot and a vacancy of 5.9%. With respect to the Absolute Self Storage Property and the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property the submarket vacancy within a three-mile radius of each property is 7.4% and 6.1%, respectively. Within a three-mile radius of the Absolute Self Storage Property and the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property, there are no new self storage facilities under development.

 

The 2017 population in a one-, three- and five- mile radius of the Absolute Self Storage Property was 4,325, 20,628 and 86,816, respectively, and the 2017 average household income in a one-, three- and five-mile radius of the Absolute Self Storage Property was $56,000, $98,344 and $85,816, respectively. The 2017 population in a one-, three- and five- mile radius of the Daytona Business Park Property was 12,029, 65,275, and 142,537, respectively, and the 2017 average household income in a one-, three- and five- mile radius was $68,485, $65,907 and $63,843, respectively. The 2017 population in a one-, three- and five- mile radius of the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property was 4,793, 68,830, and 114,937, respectively, and the 2017 average household income in a one-, three- and five- mile radius was $55,012, $59,014 and $62,068, respectively.

 

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CALIFORNIA MIXED USE PORTFOLIO

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the California Mixed Use Portfolio Properties:

 

Portfolio Summary

 

Property Name- Location Location Property Type Allocated Cut-off Date Balance % of Portfolio
Cut-off Date Balance
Occupancy Year Built/
Renovated
Net Rentable
Area
(SF)
As-Is
Appraised
Value
Allocated Cut-off
Date LTV
Daytona RV & Boat Storage Perris, CA Self Storage $12,270,000 49.5% 98.3% 2005-2009/ NAP 322,622 $20,400,000 60.1%
Daytona Business Park Perris, CA Industrial (Flex) $7,030,000 28.3% 85.1% 2005-2013/ NAP 199,158 $11,500,000 61.1%
Absolute Self Storage Thousand
Palms, CA
Self
Storage
$5,500,000 22.2% 97.1% 2007/ NAP 85,224 $7,800,000 70.5%

Total/Weighted

Average

    $24,800,000 100.0% 93.8%   607,004 $39,700,000 62.5%

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancies at the Daytona Business Park Property:

 

Major Tenants

 

Tenant Name 

Credit Rating (Fitch/Moody’s/
S&P)
 

Tenant NRSF 

% of NRSF

Annual U/W Base Rent PSF(4) 

Annual U/W
Base Rent
(4) 

% of Total
Annual
U/W Base
Rent

Lease Expiration Date 

               
Major Tenants              
County of Riverside A+/A2/AA(1) 55,625 27.9% $4.73 $262,942 26.1% 6/11/2019
               
Axiom Trading International, Inc. NR/NR/NR 38,473 19.3% $6.30 $242,460 24.1% Various(2)
SoCal Custom Rigs, LLC NR/NR/NR 10,170 5.1% $3.54 $36,000 3.6% 4/30/2019
GHH Ministries NR/NR/NR 8,000 4.0% $6.60 $52,800 5.2% 10/14/2022
Swedish Speed, Inc NR/NR/NR 6,000 3.0% $7.44 $44,640 4.4% 4/30/2019(3)
Total Major Tenants   118,268 59.4% $5.40 $638,842 63.5%  
               
Non-Major Tenants   51,240 25.7% $7.17 $367,500 36.5%  
               
Occupied Collateral Total   169,508 85.1% $5.94 $1,006,342 100.0%  
               
Vacant Space   29,650 14.9%        
               
Collateral Total   199,158 100.0%        
               

 

(1)The credit rating reflects the ratings associated with revenue bonds issued by the County of Riverside.

(2)Axiom Trading International, Inc. leases two spaces in the Daytona Business Park Property, each under a separate lease. One space is comprised of 21,000 square feet under a lease that expires on May 31, 2021. The second space is comprised of 17,473 square feet expiring on September 30, 2022 subject to one, two-year renewal option with written notice at least two months prior to lease expiration.

(3)Swedish Speed, Inc has one, three-year renewal option with written notice provided at least three months prior to lease expiration.

(4)Annual U/W Base Rent PSF and Annual U/W Base Rent include contractual rent steps through October 2019 totalling $10,860.

 

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CALIFORNIA MIXED USE PORTFOLIO

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the Daytona Business Park Property:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule (1)

 

Year Ending
 December 31,
No. of Leases Expiring Expiring NRSF % of Total NRSF Cumulative Expiring
NRSF
Cumulative % of Total
NRSF
Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
% of Total Annual
U/W Base Rent
Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
 PSF(2)
MTM 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2018 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2019 10 98,635 49.5% 98,635 49.5% $533,362 53.0% $5.41
2020 4 16,000 8.0% 114,635 57.6% $114,540 11.4% $7.16
2021 2 25,500 12.8% 140,135 70.4% $140,940 14.0% $5.53
2022 3 29,373 14.7% 169,508 85.1% $217,500 21.6% $7.40
2023 0 0 0.0% 169,508 85.1% $0 0.0% $0.00
2024 0 0 0.0% 169,508 85.1% $0 0.0% $0.00
2025 0 0 0.0% 169,508 85.1% $0 0.0% $0.00
2026 0 0 0.0% 169,508 85.1% $0 0.0% $0.00
2027 0 0 0.0% 169,508 85.1% $0 0.0% $0.00
2028 0 0 0.0% 169,508 85.1% $0 0.0% $0.00
Thereafter 0 0 0.0% 169,508 85.1% $0 0.0% $0.0
Vacant 0 29,650 14.9% 199,158 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 19 199,158 100.0%     $1,006,342    100.0% $5.94

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

(2)Weighted Average Annual U/W Base Rent PSF excludes vacant space.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the California Mixed Use Portfolio Properties:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

2014(1) 

2015(1)

2016(2)(3)

2017(2)(3)

Various (4)

NAV NAV 89.8% 90.9% 93.8%

 

(1)Historical Occupancy, operating and financial information is unavailable for the properties as the related borrower provided the related mortgage loan seller with limited prior operating history for the Mortgaged Property.

(2)Information obtained from the borrowers.

(3)Historical Occupancy for 2016 and 2017 is based on the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property and the Absolute Self Storage Property. Historical occupancy is unavailable for the Daytona Business Park Property for 2016 and 2017 as the related borrower provided the related mortgage seller with limited prior operating history for the Mortgaged Property.

(4)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll. For the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property and the Absolute Self Storage Property, the underwritten rent roll is dated as of October 8, 2018. For the Daytona Business Park Property, the underwritten rent roll is dated as of September 30, 2018.

 

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CALIFORNIA MIXED USE PORTFOLIO

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and Underwritten Net Cash Flow at the California Mixed Use Portfolio Properties:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

  2016 2017 TTM
9/30/2018
U/W

 

% of U/W Effective
Gross
Income

U/W
$ per SF
Base Rent $3,241,872 $3,366,992 $3,434,638 $3,856,263 106.7% $6.35
Grossed Up Vacant Space 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.00
Reimbursements 35,043 59,699 42,381 35,100 1.0 0.06
Other Income(1) 105,356 114,750 133,378 134,493 3.7 0.22
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss

(59,091)

(53,655)

(63,047)

(411,394)(2)

(11.4)

(0.68)

Effective Gross Income $3,323,180 $3,487,786 $3,547,350 $3,614,462 100.0% $5.95
Total Operating Expenses

$1,063,925

$1,047,015

$1,063,495

$1,186,005

32.8%

$1.95

Net Operating Income $2,259,255 $2,440,771 $2,483,855 $2,428,457 67.2% $4.00
             
TI/LC 36,060 42,622 3,000 94,453(3) 2.6 0.16
Capital Expenditures

0

0

0

60,700

1.7

0.10

Net Cash Flow $2,223,196 $2,398,150 $2,480,855 $2,273,303 62.9% $3.75
NOI DSCR 1.38x 1.50x 1.52x 1.49x    
NCF DSCR 1.36x 1.47x 1.52x 1.39x    
NOI DY 9.1% 9.8% 10.0% 9.8%    
NCF DY 9.0% 9.7% 10.0% 9.2%    

 

(1)Other Income consists of parking income, admin fees, merchandise sales and other miscellaneous income for the California Mixed Use Portfolio Properties.

(2)The underwritten vacancy is 10.5%. The Absolute Self Storage Property and the Daytona RV & Boat Storage Property were 97.1% and 98.3% physically occupied respectively as of October 8, 2018. The Daytona Business Park property was 85.1% occupied as of September 30, 2018.

(3)U/W TI/LC is inclusive of a TI/LC credit equivalent to one-tenth of the upfront TI/LC reserve of $350,000.

 

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 A-3-109 

 

 

No. 14 – Danbury Commerce Portfolio
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Portfolio
  Property Type: Industrial
Original Principal Balance(1): $22,800,000   Specific Property Type: Flex
Cut-off Date Principal Balance(1): $22,800,000   Location: Danbury, CT
% of Initial Pool Balance: 2.7%   Size: 468,711 SF
Loan Purpose: Refinance   Cut-off Date Balance Per SF(1): $81.07
Borrower Name: Delaware Commerce Park, LLC; MME Danbury, LLC   Year Built/Renovated: Various
Borrower Sponsors: Melvyn J. Powers; Mary P. Powers   Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 5.725%   Property Manager: MMP Management Company; The Powers Construction Company
Note Date: October 26, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/31/2014)
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (12/31/2015)
Maturity Date: November 6, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy(As of): 100.0% (12/31/2016)
IO Period: 120 months   Most Recent Occupancy(As of): 100.0% (12/31/2017)
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 100.0% (Various)
Seasoning: 1 month    
Amortization Term (Original): NAP   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Balloon      
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   4th Most Recent NOI (As of): $3,599,141 (12/31/2015)
Call Protection: L(25),D(91),O(4)   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of): $3,656,737 (12/31/2016)
Lockbox Type: Soft/Upfront Cash Management   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of): $3,605,036 (12/31/2017)
Additional Debt(1): Yes   Most Recent NOI (As of): $3,673,522 (Annualized 6/30/2018)
Additional Debt Type(1)(2): Mezzanine; Pari Passu      
             
          U/W Revenues: $4,731,872
          U/W Expenses: $1,312,233
          U/W NOI: $3,419,639
Escrows and Reserves:         U/W NCF: $3,272,646
          U/W NOI DSCR(1): 1.55x
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NCF DSCR(1): 1.48x
Taxes $120,237 $40,079(3) NAP   U/W NOI Debt Yield(1): 9.0%
Insurance $0 $4,038(4) NAP   U/W NCF Debt Yield(1): 8.6%
Replacement Reserves $0 $3,906 NAP   As-Is Appraised Value: $61,100,000
TI/LC Reserves $250,000 $7,812 NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: August 1, 2018
Excess Flood Insurance Reserve $50,000 $0 NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(1): 62.2%
Immediate Repair Reserve $478,650 $0 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD(1): 62.2%
               
(1)See “The Mortgage Loan” section. All statistical financial information related to balance per square foot, loan-to-value ratios, debt service coverage ratios and debt yields are based on the outstanding principal balance of the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan (as defined below).

(2)The equity interest in the borrower has been pledged to secure mezzanine indebtedness with an original principal balance of $7,000,000. All statistical information related to the balance per square foot, loan-to-value ratios, debt service coverage ratios and debt yields are based solely on the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Mortgage Loan (as defined below). As of the Cut-off Date, the combined U/W NOI DSCR, U/W NCF DSCR, U/W NOI Debt Yield, U/W NCF Debt Yield, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity were 1.68x, 1.61x, 7.6%, 7.3%, 73.6% and 73.6%, respectively.

(3)The monthly taxes do not include amounts attributable to the taxes on the Lorad/Hologic, Entegris/ATMI and Wells Fargo portions of the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties (as defined below) for so long as (i) no trigger period exists, (ii) such tenants continue to pay all taxes attributable to such portions of the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties directly to the applicable taxing authority, and (iii) the lender receives evidence of the same by no later than the tax payment date.

(4)The monthly insurance (i) will not include amounts attributable to insurance coverage on the portions of the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties occupied by Lorad/Hologic and Entegris/ATMI for so long as (i) no trigger period exists, (ii) the tenant insurance conditions are satisfied, and (iii) the lender receives evidence of the same by no later than the insurance payment date.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “Danbury Commerce Portfolio Mortgage Loan”) is part of a whole loan (the “Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan”) that is evidenced by two pari passu promissory notes (Notes A-1 and A-2) that are secured by a first mortgage encumbering 16 industrial buildings located at two Mortgaged Properties in Danbury, Connecticut identified as 34 Executive Drive (the “34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property”) and Delaware Commerce Park (the “Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property”), totaling 468,711 square feet (the 34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property and the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property collectively, the “Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties”). The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan was co-originated on October 26, 2018 by Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC and Citi Real Estate Funding Inc. The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan has an original principal balance of $38,000,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $38,000,000 and accrues interest at an interest rate of 5.725% per annum. The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan has an initial term of 120

 

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DANBURY COMMERCE PORTFOLIO

 

months, has a remaining term of 119 months as of the Cut-off Date and requires interest-only payments through the term of the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan. The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan matures on November 6, 2028.

 

The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Mortgage Loan is evidenced by Note A-2, which will be contributed to the Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48 securitization trust, had an original principal balance of $22,800,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $22,800,000 and represents the controlling interest in the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan. The non-controlling Note A-1 had an original principal balance of $15,200,000, has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of $15,200,000 and is expected to be contributed to the Citigroup Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C6 securitization trust. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—The Whole Loans—The Serviced Whole Loans” and “Pooling and Servicing Agreement” in the Preliminary Prospectus.

 

Note Summary

 

Notes Original Balance   Note Holder Controlling Interest
A-1 $15,200,000   CGCMT 2018-C6 No
A-2 $22,800,000   WFCM 2018-C48 Yes
Total $38,000,000      

 

Following the lockout period, the borrowers have the right to defease the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan in whole or in part before August 6, 2028. In addition, the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan is prepayable without penalty on or after August 6, 2028. The lockout period will expire on the earlier to occur of (i) two years after the closing date of the securitization that includes the last note to be securitized and (ii) October 26, 2021.

 

Sources         Uses      
Original loan amount $38,000,000   83.7%   Loan payoff $41,924,946   92.4%
Mezzanine loan amount 7,000,000   15.4      Closing costs 1,366,665   3.0   
Sponsor’s new cash contribution 377,998   0.8      Reserves 2,086,387   4.6   
Total Sources $45,377,998   100.0%   Total Uses $45,377,998   100.0%

 

The Properties. The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties consist of 16 industrial buildings totaling 468,711 square feet, which are located in Danbury, Connecticut. The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties were built between 1956 and 1982 and are comprised of approximately 60.2% R&D/warehouse space and 39.8% office space. The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties have 16’-20’ clear heights with a combined 19 loading docks.

 

As of May 1, 2018 (Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property) and July 1, 2018 (34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property), the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties were 100% leased to 30 tenants, and, according to the borrower sponsor, have averaged a 95% occupancy over the last ten years. The top five tenants have been in occupancy for an average of 15 years, with two of the top five tenants having been in occupancy since the 1990s.

 

The largest tenant at the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property, Entegris/ATMI (rated Ba1/BB+ by Moody’s/S&P), accounts for 15.5% of net rentable area and 16.4% of underwritten base rent of the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property with a December 2021 lease expiration. Entegris/ATMI develops, manufactures, and supplies microcontamination control products, specialty chemicals, and advanced materials handling solutions for manufacturing processes in the semiconductor and other high-technology industries worldwide. Entegris/ATMI has been at the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property since 1995 and has renewed its lease five times.

 

The largest tenant at the 34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property, R.K Manufacturing Company, accounts for 14.4% of net rentable area and 16.4% of underwritten base rent of the 34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property with a November 2029 lease expiration. R.K Manufacturing Company specializes in structure processing equipment design and manufacturing, and contracts manufacturing of medical devices such as sutures, ferrules, bone screws and tight ropes. R.K Manufacturing Company has been at the 34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property since 2008, expanded into an additional 13,160 SF in 2013 and signed a new nine-year lease to expand into an additional 11,790 SF in December 2019.

 

The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties are located in Fairfield County, the most populous county in Connecticut. The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties are surrounded by four major highways, I-84 and US Route 6, 202 and 7, allowing for easy access to the Tristate area. As of the second quarter of 2018, the Fairfield County industrial market had approximately 60.3 million square feet of inventory, with a reported vacancy of 5.9% and an average asking rent of $9.57 per square foot. According to the appraisal, the 2017 population within a one-, three-, and five-mile radius of the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties was 5,903, 76,054, and 119,535 respectively. According to the appraisal, the 2017 median household income within a one-, three-, and five-mile radius of the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties was $77,406, $69,863, and $80,111, respectively.

 

 A-3-111 

 

 

DANBURY COMMERCE PORTFOLIO

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the tenancy at the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties:

 

Major Tenants(1)

 

  Property Name Credit Rating (Fitch/
Moody’s/
S&P)(2)
Tenant NRSF % of
NRSF
Annual U/W Base Rent PSF(3) Annual
U/W Base Rent(3)
% of Total Annual U/W Base Rent Lease
Expiration
Date
               
Major Tenants              
Entegris/ATMI Delaware Commerce Park NR/Ba1/BB+ 72,710 15.5% $8.66 $630,000 16.4% 12/31/2021
R.K. Manufacturing 34 Executive Drive NR/NR/NR 67,550 14.4% $9.33 $630,432 16.4% 11/30/2029
Lorad/Hologic Delaware Commerce Park NR/Ba2/BB+ 60,000 12.8% $10.53 $631,957 16.4% 12/31/2021
Amphenol Delaware Commerce Park NR/Baa1/BBB+ 45,750 9.8% $5.65 $258,488 6.7% 8/31/2023
Kimchuk Delaware Commerce Park NR/NR/NR 24,255 5.2% $6.15 $149,278 3.9% 1/31/2019(4)
Major Tenants Total     270,265 57.7% $8.51 $2,300,154 59.9%  
Non Major Tenants     198,446 42.3% $7.77 $1,542,709 40.1%  
                 
Occupied Collateral Total     468,711 100.0% $8.20 $3,842,863 100.0%  
Vacant Space     0 0.0%        
                 
Collateral Total   468,711 100.0%        
                 

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

(2)Credit ratings are those of the parent company whether or not the parent company guarantees the lease.

(3)Annual U/W Base Rent PSF and Annual U/W Base Rent include contractual rent steps through July 2019, totaling $10,471.

(4)18,025 square feet expires in January 2019 and 6,230 square feet expires in August 2019.

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the lease rollover schedule at the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties:

 

Lease Expiration Schedule(1)

 

Year Ending
 December 31,
No. of Leases Expiring Expiring NRSF % of Total NRSF Cumulative Expiring NRSF Cumulative % of Total NRSF Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
% of Total Annual U/W Base Rent Annual
 U/W
Base Rent
 PSF
MTM 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2018 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
2019 7 57,775 12.3% 57,775 12.3% $399,100 10.4% $6.91
2020 2 12,000 2.6% 69,775 14.9% $184,000 4.8% $15.33
2021 10 192,864 41.1% 262,639 56.0% $1,747,931 45.5% $9.06
2022 5 37,840 8.1% 300,479 64.1% $242,580 6.3% $6.41
2023 3 67,082 14.3% 367,561 78.4% $407,838 10.6% $6.08
2024 2 21,700 4.6% 389,261 83.0% $152,359 4.0% $7.02
2025 1 6,400 1.4% 395,661 84.4% $36,000 0.9% $5.63
2026 1 5,500 1.2% 401,161 85.6% $42,625 1.1% $7.75
2027 0 0 0.0% 401,161 85.6% $0 0.0% $0.00
2028 0 0 0.0% 401,161 85.6% $0 0.0% $0.00
Thereafter 3 67,550 14.4% 468,711 100.0% $630,432 16.4% $9.33
Vacant 0 0 0.0% 468,711 100.0% $0 0.0% $0.00
Total/Weighted Average 34 468,711       $3,842,863 100.0% $8.20

 

(1)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2015(1)

 

12/31/2016(1)

 

12/31/2017(1)

 

Various(2)

100.0%   100.0%   100.0%   100.0%
(1)Information obtained from the borrower.

(2)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll dated May 1, 2018 (Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property) and July 1, 2018 (34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property).

 

 A-3-112 

 

 

DANBURY COMMERCE PORTFOLIO

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and the underwritten net cash flow at the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

  2015   2016   2017   Annualized 6/30/2018   U/W   % of U/W Effective Gross Income   U/W $ per SF
Base Rent(1)  $3,727,600    $3,788,727    $3,732,453    $3,805,580   $3,842,863   81.2%    $8.20
Grossed Up Vacant Space 0   0   0   0   0   0.0   0.00
Total Reimbursables  554,351    610,948    514,772    596,350   1,124,938   23.8    2.40
Other Income 0   0   0   0   0   0.0   0.00
Less Vacancy & Free Rent

0

 

0

 

0

 

0

 

(235,929)

 

(5.0)

 

(0.50)

Effective Gross Income  $4,281,951   $4,399,675   $4,247,225    $4,401,930   $4,731,872   100.0%   $10.10
                           
Total Operating Expenses  $682,810    $742,938    $642,189    $728,408   $1,312,233   27.7    2.80
                           
Net Operating Income  $3,599,141   $3,656,737    $3,605,036   $3,673,522   $3,419,639   72.3%    $7.30
TI/LC 0   0   0   0   100,122   2.1   0.21
Capital Expenditures

0

 

0

 

0

 

0

 

46,871

 

1.0

 

0.10

Net Cash Flow $3,599,141   $3,656,737    $3,605,036    $3,673,522   $3,272,646   69.2%    $6.98
                           
NOI DSCR(3) 1.63x   1.66x   1.63x   1.67x   1.55x        
NCF DSCR(3) 1.63x   1.66x   1.63x   1.67x   1.48x        
NOI DY(3) 9.5%   9.6%   9.5%   9.7%   9.0%        
NCF DY(3) 9.5%   9.6%   9.5%   9.7%   8.6%        

 

(1)U/W Base Rent includes contractual rent steps through July 2019 totalling $10,471.

(2)The underwritten economic vacancy is 5.0%. The Danbury Commerce Portfolio Properties were 100.0% occupied as of May 1, 2018 (Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property) and July 1, 2018 (34 Executive Drive Mortgaged Property).

(3)The debt service coverage ratios and debt yields are based on the Danbury Commerce Portfolio Whole Loan.

 

 A-3-113 

 

 

No. 15 – 35 Claver Place
 
Loan Information   Property Information
Mortgage Loan Seller: Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC   Single Asset/Portfolio: Single Asset
  Property Type: Multifamily
Original Principal Balance(1): $21,330,000   Specific Property Type: Low Rise
Cut-off Date Balance(1): $21,330,000   Location: Brooklyn, NY
% of Initial Pool Balance: 2.6%   Size: 44 Units
Loan Purpose: Refinance  

Cut-off Date Balance Per Unit:

$484,773
Borrower Name: Claver NY LLC   Year Built/Renovated: 1930/2018
Sponsors: Perl Weisz; Joseph Banda   Title Vesting: Fee
Mortgage Rate: 5.315%   Property Manager: Ranco Mgmt NY LLC
Note Date: November 1, 2018   4th Most Recent Occupancy(As of)(2): NAV
Anticipated Repayment Date: NAP   3rd Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(2): NAV
Maturity Date: November 1, 2028   2nd Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(2): NAV
IO Period: 120 months   Most Recent Occupancy (As of)(2): NAV
Loan Term (Original): 120 months   Current Occupancy (As of): 97.7% (10/31/2018)
Seasoning: 1 month      
Amortization Term (Original): NAP      
Loan Amortization Type: Interest-only, Balloon   Underwriting and Financial Information:
Interest Accrual Method: Actual/360   4th Most Recent NOI (As of)(2): NAV
Call Protection: L(25),D(92),O(3)   3rd Most Recent NOI (As of)(2): NAV
Lockbox Type: Springing   2nd Most Recent NOI (As of)(2): NAV
Additional Debt(1): Yes   Most Recent NOI (As of): NAV
Additional Debt Type(1): Mezzanine      
      U/W Revenues: $1,806,615
      U/W Expenses: $243,195
      U/W NOI: $1,563,420
      U/W NCF: $1,552,420
Escrows and Reserves:     U/W NOI DSCR: 1.36x
          U/W NCF DSCR: 1.35x
Type: Initial Monthly Cap (If Any)   U/W NOI Debt Yield: 7.3%
Taxes $36,568 $6,095 NAP   U/W NCF Debt Yield: 7.3%
Insurance $4,936 $2,468 NAP   As-Is Appraised Value: $32,000,000
RE Tax Abatement Reserve $315,000 $0 NAP   As-Is Appraisal Valuation Date: October 14, 2018
Deferred Maintenance $3,125 $0 NAP   Cut-off Date LTV Ratio: 66.7%
Replacement Reserve $0 $917 NAP   LTV Ratio at Maturity or ARD: 66.7%
             
(1)The equity interest in the borrower has been pledged to secure mezzanine indebtedness with an original principal balance of $2,500,000 (the “35 Claver Place Mezzanine Loan”) originated by BIG Real Estate Capital I, LLC a Delaware limited liability company (the “35 Claver Place Mezzanine Lender”) and an affiliate of Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC (the “35 Claver Place Lender”). The 35 Claver Mezzanine Loan is subject to an intercreditor agreement between the 35 Claver Place Lender and the 35 Claver Place Mezzanine Lender. The 35 Claver Place Mezzanine Loan has an initial term of 120 months and has a remaining term as of the Cut-off Date of 119 months. The 35 Claver Place Mezzanine Loan accrues interest at an interest rate of 12.00% per annum. All statistical information related to the balance per square foot, loan-to-value ratios, debt service coverage ratios and debt yields are based solely on the 35 Claver Place Mortgage Loan. As of the Cut-off Date, the combined UW NCF DSCR, U/W NCF Debt Yield, Cut-off Date LTV Ratio and LTV Ratio at Maturity were 1.07x, 6.5%, 74.5% and 74.5%, respectively.

(2)The 35 Claver Place Property (as defined below) was gut renovated in 2018. Lease-up began in August 2018 as such historical occupancy and historical financials are not available.

 

The Mortgage Loan. The mortgage loan (the “35 Claver Place Mortgage Loan”) is evidenced by a single promissory note that is secured by a first mortgage encumbering the borrower’s fee interest in a four-story, 44-unit multifamily building (the “35 Claver Place Property”). The 35 Claver Place Property was built in 1930 and is located in the Bedford Stuyvesant neighborhood of Brooklyn in New York City. The 35 Claver Place Property is located within two blocks of the Franklin Avenue subway station, providing the neighborhood access to the rest of Brooklyn and Manhattan. The 35 Claver Place Property is located between Jefferson Avenue and Fulton Street on Claver Place. The 35 Claver Place Property is located 0.40 miles from a Key Food Supermarket and down the block from a Family Dollar. As of October 31, 2018, the 35 Claver Place Property was 97.7% occupied.

 

Sources and Uses

 

Sources         Uses    
Original loan amount $21,330,000   89.5%   Loan payoff (senior and 2nd) $16,206,693 68.0%
Mezzanine loan  2,500,000    10.5      Reserves 359,629 1.5   
          Return of equity 6,752,090 28.3   
          Closing costs 511,587 2.1   
Total Sources $23,830,000   100.0%   Total Uses $23,830,000 100.0%

 

 A-3-114 

 

 

35 CLAVER PLACE

 

The following table presents certain information relating to the unit mix of the 35 Claver Place Property:

 

Unit Mix Summary(1)

 

Unit Type No. of Units % of Total Units Average Unit Size (SF) Average Monthly Contract Rent per Unit Average Monthly Market Rent per Unit
Studio 4 9.1% 554 $2,750 $3,300-$3,500
One Bedroom 13 29.5% 612 $3,442 $3,300-$3,500
Two Bedroom 23 52.3% 648 $3,661 $3,500-$4,000
Three Bedroom 4 9.1% 788 $4,550 $4,200-$4,600
Total/Weighted Average 44 100.0%   $3,594  

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.

 

The following table presents historical occupancy percentages at the 35 Claver Place Property:

 

Historical Occupancy

 

12/31/2015(1)

 

12/31/2016(1)

 

12/31/2017(1)

 

10/31/2018(2)

NAV   NAV   NAV   97.7%

 

(1)Historical occupancy, operating and financial information is unavailable at the 35 Claver Place Property due to a recent gut renovation of the 35 Claver Place Property.

(2)Information obtained from the underwritten rent roll

 

Operating History and Underwritten Net Cash Flow. The following table presents certain information relating to the historical operating performance and underwritten net cash flow at the 35 Claver Place Property:

 

Cash Flow Analysis

 

    U/W   % of U/W
Effective
Gross
Income
  U/W $ per Unit
Base Rent   $1,901,700   105.3%   $43,220
Less Vacancy & Credit Loss (1)   (95,085)   (5.3)   (2,161)
Other Income(2)   0   0.0   0
             
Effective Gross Income   $1,806,615   100.0%   $41,059
             
Total Operating Expenses   $243,195   13.5%   $5,527
             
Net Operating Income   $1,563,420   86.5%   $35,532
Capital Expenditures  

11,000

 

0.6

 

250

Net Cash Flow   $1,552,420   85.9%   $35,282
             
NOI DSCR(3)   1.36x        
NCF DSCR(3)   1.35x        
NOI DY(3)   7.3%        
NCF DY(3)   7.3%        

 

(1)The underwritten economic vacancy is 5.0%. The 35 Claver Place Property was 97.7% physically occupied as of October 31, 2018.

 

 A-3-115 

 

 

35 CLAVER PLACE

 

The following table presents certain information relating to some comparable multifamily properties for the 35 Claver Place Property:

 

Competitive Set(1)

 

  Location Distance
to
Subject
Average Monthly
Market Rent Per
Unit
Studio(2)    
35 Claver Place (Subject) New York, NY -- $3,300 - $3,500
1007 Atlantic Avenue New York, NY 0.7 miles $2,275
309 Washington Avenue New York, NY 0.9 miles $2,100
31 Brooklyn Avenue New York, NY 0.9 miles $2,050
100 Stueben Street New York, NY 1.8 miles $2,400
       
One Bedroom(3)      
35 Claver Place (Subject) New York, NY -- $3,300 - $3,500
1007 Atlantic Avenue New York, NY 0.7 miles $2,650
309 Washington Avenue New York, NY 0.9 miles $2,750
31 Brooklyn Avenue New York, NY 0.9 miles $2,700
100 Stueben Street New York, NY 1.8 miles $2,955
525 Clinton Avenue New York, NY 0.6 miles $3,300
109 Greene Avenue New York, NY 0.8 miles $3,025
74 Grand Avenue New York, NY 1.4 miles $2,700
379 Washington Avenue New York, NY 0.7 miles $3,300
Two Bedroom(3)      
35 Claver Place (Subject) New York, NY -- $3,500 - $4,000
1007 Atlantic Avenue New York, NY 0.7 miles $3,850
100 Stueben Street New York, NY 1.8 miles $4,225
525 Clinton Avenue New York, NY 0.6 miles $4,266
74 Grand Avenue New York, NY 1.4 miles $3,485
887 Beregen Street New York, NY 0.4 miles $3,599

387 Franklin Avenue

411 Herkimer Street

New York, NY

New York, NY

0.4 miles

1.3 miles

$3,700

$3,500

Three Bedroom(3)      
35 Claver Place (Subject) New York, NY -- $4,200 - $4,600
525 Clinton Avenue New York, NY 0.6 miles $5,400
392 Clinton Avenue New York, NY 0.8 miles $4,892
74 Grand Avenue New York, NY 1.4 miles $4,100
379 Washington Avenue New York, NY 0.7 miles $4,929
863 Atlantic Avenue New York, NY 0.8 miles $4,250
       

 

(1)Information obtained from the appraisal.  

(2)The studio units are closer in size to the typical one-bedroom units in the neighborhood; therefore, the appraiser concluded at the low end of the one-bedroom range for the subject’s studio units.  

(3)The “flex” 1-bedroom, 2-bedroom, and 3-bedroom units have layouts that allow for tenants to create an additional sleeping area and still have a living room; therefore, the appraiser concluded towards the higher end of or slightly above the range for these units. This is further supported by the recent leasing within the property.  

 

 A-3-116 

 

 

ANNEX A-4

 

1600 TERRELL MILL ROAD MORTGAGE LOAN AMORTIZATION SCHEDULE

 

Due Date

 

Ending Principal Balance ($)

12/2018   26,000,000.00
1/2019   25,974,468.81
2/2019   25,948,820.44
3/2019   25,911,528.75
4/2019   25,885,591.50
5/2019   25,855,702.70
6/2019   25,829,509.22
7/2019   25,799,371.32
8/2019   25,772,919.30
9/2019   25,746,345.87
10/2019   25,715,838.59
11/2019   25,689,003.18
12/2019   25,658,241.20
1/2020   25,631,141.43
2/2020   25,603,917.28
3/2020   25,568,986.57
4/2020   25,541,477.15
5/2020   25,510,059.91
6/2020   25,482,280.03
7/2020   25,450,599.85
8/2020   25,422,547.06
9/2020   25,394,365.52
10/2020   25,362,294.86
11/2020   25,333,836.78
12/2020   25,301,497.27
1/2021   25,272,760.14
2/2021   25,243,891.12
3/2021   25,203,677.10
4/2021   25,174,491.01
5/2021   25,141,443.74
6/2021   25,111,972.01
7/2021   25,078,647.05
8/2021   25,048,887.10
9/2021   25,018,990.56
10/2021   24,985,252.61
11/2021   24,955,064.01
12/2021   24,921,042.12
1/2022   24,890,558.81
2/2022   24,859,935.59
3/2022   24,818,129.86
4/2022   24,787,174.21
5/2022   24,752,406.61
6/2022   24,721,149.31
7/2022   24,686,088.44
8/2022   24,686,088.44
9/2022   24,686,088.44
10/2022   24,686,088.44
11/2022   24,686,088.44
12/2022   24,686,088.44
1/2023   24,686,088.44
2/2023   24,686,088.44
3/2023   24,686,088.44
4/2023   24,686,088.44
5/2023   24,686,088.44
6/2023   24,686,088.44
7/2023   24,686,088.44
8/2023   24,686,088.44
9/2023   24,686,088.44

Due Date

 

Ending Principal Balance ($)

10/2023   24,686,088.44
11/2023   24,686,088.44
12/2023   24,686,088.44
1/2024   24,686,088.44
2/2024   24,686,088.44
3/2024   24,686,088.44
4/2024   24,686,088.44
5/2024   24,686,088.44
6/2024   24,686,088.44
7/2024   24,686,088.44
8/2024   24,654,526.76
9/2024   24,622,820.22
10/2024   24,587,322.61
11/2024   24,555,307.62
12/2024   24,519,510.14
1/2025   24,487,183.91
2/2025   24,454,709.31
3/2025   24,411,223.70
4/2025   24,378,400.47
5/2025   24,341,817.23
6/2025   24,308,675.44
7/2025   24,271,782.50
8/2025   24,238,319.27
9/2025   24,204,702.45
10/2025   24,167,347.70
11/2025   24,133,405.14
12/2025   24,095,733.71
1/2026   24,061,462.46
2/2026   24,027,033.92
3/2026   23,981,775.35
4/2026   23,946,981.07
5/2026   23,908,481.61
6/2026   23,873,350.93
7/2026   23,834,524.43
8/2026   23,799,054.31
9/2026   23,763,421.39
10/2026   23,724,106.62
11/2026   23,688,129.71
12/2026   23,648,480.52
1/2027   23,612,156.51
2/2027   23,575,665.78
3/2027   23,528,536.04
4/2027   23,491,661.51
5/2027   23,451,139.67
6/2027   23,413,909.92
7/2027   23,373,042.73
8/2027   23,335,454.53
9/2027   23,297,693.81
10/2027   23,256,310.43
11/2027   23,218,186.46
12/2027   23,176,449.93
1/2028   23,137,959.43
2/2028   23,099,292.27
3/2028   23,053,607.68
4/2028   23,014,553.37
5/2028   22,971,912.37
6/2028   22,932,483.10
7/2028   22,889,477.58


 

A-4-1

 

 

Due Date

 

Ending Principal Balance ($)

8/2028   22,849,669.95
9/2028   22,809,679.62
10/2028   22,766,128.64

Due Date

 

Ending Principal Balance ($)

11/2028   22,725,754.88
12/2028   0.00


A-4-2

 

 

ANNEX A-5

 

FAIR OAKS MALL MORTGAGE LOAN AMORTIZATION SCHEDULE

 

Due Date

 

Total Pari Passu Ending Principal Balance ($)

12/2018   173,698,743.28
1/2019   173,520,432.46
2/2019   173,341,305.11
3/2019   173,084,540.06
4/2019   172,903,416.63
5/2019   172,695,922.66
6/2019   172,513,019.63
7/2019   172,303,795.59
8/2019   172,119,096.90
9/2019   171,933,552.42
10/2019   171,721,760.43
11/2019   171,534,396.43
12/2019   171,320,835.54
1/2020   171,131,635.59
2/2020   170,941,569.24
3/2020   170,700,129.88
4/2020   170,508,087.54
5/2020   170,289,978.50
6/2020   170,096,057.96
7/2020   169,876,122.98
8/2020   169,680,307.28
9/2020   169,483,594.88
10/2020   169,260,945.73
11/2020   169,062,312.95
12/2020   168,837,796.85
1/2021   168,637,226.35
2/2021   168,435,737.38

Due Date

 

Total Pari Passu Ending Principal Balance ($)

3/2021   168,158,682.25
4/2021   167,955,001.88
5/2021   167,725,578.66
6/2021   167,519,914.99
7/2021   167,288,563.65
8/2021   167,080,898.76
9/2021   166,872,282.92
10/2021   166,638,061.55
11/2021   166,427,417.83
12/2021   166,191,225.01
1/2022   165,978,535.09
2/2022   165,764,871.20
3/2022   165,476,769.01
4/2022   165,260,807.39
5/2022   165,019,444.66
6/2022   164,801,388.82
7/2022   164,557,990.14
8/2022   164,337,821.17
9/2022   164,116,643.97
10/2022   163,870,210.79
11/2022   163,646,892.27
12/2022   163,398,377.35
1/2023   163,172,898.17
2/2023   162,946,386.46
3/2023   162,646,626.64
4/2023   162,417,704.98
5/2023   0.00


A-5-1

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK)

 

 

 

 

ANNEX B

 

FORM OF DISTRIBUTION DATE STATEMENT

 

 

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK)

  

 

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO)

Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

 
Series 2018-C48


For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                 
        DISTRIBUTION DATE STATEMENT      
               
        Table of Contents      
                 
                 
                 
        STATEMENT SECTIONS PAGE(s)      
        Certificate Distribution Detail 2      
        Certificate Factor Detail 3      
        Reconciliation Detail 4      
        Other Required Information 5      
        Cash Reconciliation Detail 6      
        Current Mortgage Loan and Property Stratification Tables 7 - 9      
        Mortgage Loan Detail 10      
        NOI Detail 11      
        Principal Prepayment Detail 12      
        Historical Detail 13      
        Delinquency Loan Detail 14      
        Specially Serviced Loan Detail 15 - 16      
        Advance Summary 17      
        Modified Loan Detail 18      
        Historical Liquidated Loan Detail 19      
        Historical Bond / Collateral Loss Reconciliation 20      
        Interest Shortfall Reconciliation Detail 21 - 22      
        Supplemental Reporting 23      
                 
                 

                                     
      Depositor       Master Servicer       Special Servicer       Asset Representations      
                              Reviewer/Operating Advisor      
                                     
      Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Securities, Inc.       Wells Fargo Bank, National Association      

LNR Partners, Inc.

      Pentalpha Surveillance LLC      
      375 Park Avenue       Three Wells Fargo, MAC D1050-084       1601 Washington Avenue       375 North French Road      
      2nd Floor, J0127-023      

401 S. Tryon Street, 8th Floor

      Suite 700       Suite 100      
      New York, NY 10152       Charlotte, NC 28202       Miami Beach, FL 33139       Amherst, NY 14228      
                                     
                                   
      Contact:       Contact:       Contact:       www.lnrpartners.com       Contact:              Don Simon      
      Anthony.Sfarra@wellsfargo.com       REAM_InvestorRelations@wellsfargo.com       Phone Number:   (305) 695-5600       Phone Number:   (203) 660-6100      
                                     
                                     
 

This report is compiled by Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. from information provided by third parties. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. has not independently confirmed the accuracy of the information.

 

Please visit www.ctslink.com for additional information and if applicable, any special notices and any credit risk retention notices. In addition, certificateholders may register online for email notification when special notices are posted. For information or assistance please call 866-846-4526.

 
                                     

  

Page 1 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                                     
    Certificate Distribution Detail    
                                                     
    Class    CUSIP   Pass-Through
Rate
  Original
Balance
  Beginning
Balance
  Principal
Distribution
  Interest
Distribution
  Prepayment
Premium
  Realized Loss/
Additional Trust
Fund Expenses
Total
Distribution
Ending
Balance
Current
 Subordination
Level (1)
   
    A-1       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    A-2       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    A-SB       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    A-3       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    A-4       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    A-5       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    A-S       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    B       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    C       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    D       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    E-RR       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    F-RR       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    G-RR       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    H-RR       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    V       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    R       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
    Totals           0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00    
                                                     
    Class    CUSIP   Pass-Through
Rate
Original
Notional
Amount
Beginning
Notional
Amount
  Interest
Distribution
  Prepayment
Premium
  Total
Distribution
Ending
Notional
Amount
               
    X-A       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00                
    X-B       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00                
    X-D       0.000000%   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00                
   

(1) Calculated by taking (A) the sum of the ending certificate balance of all classes less (B) the sum of (i) the ending balance of the designated class and (ii) the ending certificate balance of all classes which are not subordinate to the designated class and dividing the result by (A).

 

 

 

   
                                                     

 

Page 2 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                   
                   
Certificate Factor Detail
                   
  Class CUSIP

Beginning
Balance

Principal
Distribution

Interest
Distribution

Prepayment
Premium

Realized Loss/
Additional Trust
Fund Expenses

Ending
Balance

 
   
   
  A-1   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  A-2   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  A-SB   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  A-3   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  A-4   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  A-5   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  A-S   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  B   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  C   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  D   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  E-RR   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  F-RR   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  G-RR   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  H-RR   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  V   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
  R   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000  
                   
  Class CUSIP

Beginning

Notional

Amount

Interest

Distribution

Prepayment

Premium

Ending

Notional

Amount

     
       
       
  X-A   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000      
  X-B   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000      
  X-D   0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000 0.00000000      
                   
 

   
                   
                   
                   
                   

 

Page 3 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                             
    Reconciliation Detail    
    Principal Reconciliation    
        Stated Beginning
Principal Balance
  Unpaid Beginning
Principal Balance
  Scheduled
Principal
  Unscheduled Principal Principal Adjustments   Realized Loss   Stated Ending
Principal Balance
  Unpaid Ending
Principal Balance
  Current Principal
Distribution Amount
   
    Total   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00     
                                                   
    Certificate Interest Reconciliation                                
                                     
    Class   Accrual
Dates
  Accrual
Days
  Accrued
Certificate
Interest
  Net Aggregate
Prepayment
Interest Shortfall
  Distributable
Certificate
Interest
  Distributable
Certificate Interest
Adjustment
  WAC CAP
Shortfall
  Interest
Shortfall/(Excess)
  Interest
Distribution
  Remaining Unpaid
Distributable
Certificate Interest
   
    A-1   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    A-2   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    A-SB   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    A-3   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    A-4   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    A-5   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    X-A   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    X-B   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    A-S   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    B   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    C   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    X-D   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    D   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    E-RR   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    F-RR   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    G-RR   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    H-RR   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    V   0   0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
    Totals       0   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00   0.00      
                                                   
                                                   
                                                   
                                                   
                                                   
                                                   
                                                   
                                                   

 

Page 4 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                       
    Other Required Information  
                                       
                                       
    Available Distribution Amount (1)       0.00                            
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
              Appraisal Reduction Amount        
                     
              Loan
Number
    Appraisal     Cumulative     Most Recent      
                  Reduction     ASER    

App. Reduction

     
                  Effected     Amount     Date      
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
              Total                        
                                   
   

(1) The Available Distribution Amount includes any Prepayment Fees.

                             
                                       
                                       

 

Page 5 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                 
                 
  Cash Reconciliation Detail  
                 
                 
  Total Funds Collected       Total Funds Distributed      
                 
  Interest:       Fees:      
  Scheduled Interest 0.00     Master Servicing Fee - Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. 0.00    
  Interest reductions due to Nonrecoverability Determinations  0.00     Trustee Fee - Wilmington Trust, N.A. 0.00    
  Interest Adjustments 0.00     Certificate Administrator Fee - Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. 0.00    
  Deferred Interest 0.00     CREFC® Intellectual Property Royalty License Fee 0.00    
  ARD Interest 0.00     Operating Advisor Fee - Pentalpha Surveillance LLC 0.00    
  Default Interest and Late Payment Charges 0.00        
  Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall 0.00     Asset Representations Reviewer Fee - Pentalpha Surveillance LLC 0.00    
  Net Prepayment Interest Excess 0.00     Total Fees   0.00  
  Extension Interest 0.00            
  Interest Reserve Withdrawal 0.00        
  Total Interest Collected   0.00   Additional Trust Fund Expenses:      
          Reimbursement for Interest on Advances 0.00    
  Principal:       ASER Amount 0.00    
  Scheduled Principal 0.00     Special Servicing Fee 0.00    
  Unscheduled Principal 0.00     Attorney Fees & Expenses 0.00    
  Principal Prepayments 0.00     Bankruptcy Expense 0.00    
  Collection of Principal after Maturity Date 0.00     Taxes Imposed on Trust Fund 0.00    
  Recoveries from Liquidation and Insurance Proceeds 0.00     Non-Recoverable Advances 0.00    
  Excess of Prior Principal Amounts paid 0.00     Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts 0.00    
  Curtailments 0.00     Other Expenses 0.00    
  Negative Amortization 0.00     Total Additional Trust Fund Expenses  0.00  
  Principal Adjustments 0.00        
  Total Principal Collected 0.00    Interest Reserve Deposit   0.00  
                 
          Payments to Certificateholders & Others:      
  Other:       Interest Distribution 0.00    
  Prepayment Penalties/Yield Maintenance Charges 0.00     Principal Distribution 0.00    
  Repayment Fees 0.00     Prepayment Penalties/Yield Maintenance Charges 0.00    
  Borrower Option Extension Fees 0.00     Borrower Option Extension Fees 0.00    
  Excess Liquidation Proceeds 0.00     Net Swap Counterparty Payments Received 0.00    
  Net Swap Counterparty Payments Received 0.00     Total Payments to Certificateholders & Others 0.00  
  Total Other Collected   0.00   Total Funds Distributed   0.00  
  Total Funds Collected   0.00      
                 

 

Page 6 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                 
 

Current Mortgage Loan and Property Stratification Tables

Aggregate Pool

 
                                 
  Scheduled Balance   State (3)  
         
  Scheduled
Balance

# of

loans

Scheduled

Balance

% of

Agg.

Bal.

WAM

(2)

WAC

Weighted

Avg DSCR (1)

  State

# of

Props.

Scheduled

Balance

% of

Agg.

Bal.

WAM

(2)

WAC

Weighted

Avg DSCR (1)

 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
  Totals               Totals              
    See footnotes on last page of this section.  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
                                 

 

Page 7 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                 
                                 
  Current Mortgage Loan and Property Stratification Tables
Aggregate Pool
 
                                 
  Debt Service Coverage Ratio   Property Type (3)  
                                 
  Debt Service
Coverage Ratio
# of
loans
Scheduled
Balance
% of
Agg.
Bal.
WAM
(2)
WAC Weighted
Avg DSCR (1)
  Property Type # of
Props.
Scheduled
Balance
% of
Agg.
Bal.
WAM
(2)
WAC Weighted
Avg DSCR (1)
 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
  Totals               Totals              
                                 
  Note Rate   Seasoning  
                                 
  Note
Rate
# of
loans
Scheduled
Balance
% of
Agg.
Bal.
WAM
(2)
WAC Weighted
Avg DSCR (1)
  Seasoning # of
loans
Scheduled
Balance
% of
Agg.
Bal.
WAM
(2)
WAC Weighted
Avg DSCR (1)
 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
  Totals               Totals              
                                 
  See footnotes on last page of this section.  
                                 

 

Page 8 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                 
  Current Mortgage Loan and Property Stratification Tables
Aggregate Pool
 
         
  Anticipated Remaining Term (ARD and Balloon Loans)   Remaining Stated Term (Fully Amortizing Loans)  
                                 
  Anticipated Remaining
Term (2)
# of
loans
Scheduled
Balance
% of
Agg.
Bal.
WAM
(2)
WAC Weighted
Avg DSCR (1)
  Remaining Stated
Term
# of
loans
Scheduled
Balance
% of
Agg.
Bal.
WAM
(2)
WAC Weighted
Avg DSCR (1)
 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
  Totals               Totals              
                                 
  Remaining Amortization Term (ARD and Balloon Loans)   Age of Most Recent NOI  
                                 
  Remaining Amortization
Term
# of
loans
Scheduled
Balance
% of
Agg.
Bal.
WAM
(2)
WAC Weighted
Avg DSCR (1)
  Age of Most
Recent NOI
# of
loans
Scheduled
Balance
% of
Agg.
Bal.
WAM
(2)
WAC Weighted
Avg DSCR (1)
 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
  Totals               Totals              
                                 
 

(1) Debt Service Coverage Ratios are updated periodically as new NOI figures become available from borrowers on an asset level. In all cases the most current DSCR provided by the Servicer is used. To the extent that no DSCR is provided by the Servicer, information from the offering document is used. The Trustee makes no representations as to the accuracy of the data provided by the borrower for this calculation.

 
     
 

(2) Anticipated Remaining Term and WAM are each calculated based upon the term from the current month to the earlier of the Anticipated Repayment Date, if applicable, and the Maturity Date.

 
     
 

(3) Data in this table was calculated by allocating pro-rata the current loan information to the properties based upon the Cut-Off Date balance of each property as disclosed in the offering document.

 
     
  The Scheduled Balance Totals reflect the aggregate balances of all pooled loans as reported in the CREFC Loan Periodic Update File. To the extent that the Scheduled Balance Total figure for the “State” and “Property” stratification tables is not equal to the sum of the scheduled balance figures for each state or property, the difference is explained by loans that have been modified into a split loan structure. The “State” and “Property” stratification tables do not include the balance of the subordinate note (sometimes called the B-piece or a “hope note”) of a loan that has been modified into a split-loan structure. Rather, the scheduled balance for each state or property only reflects the balance of the senior note (sometimes called the A-piece) of a loan that has been modified into a split-loan structure.  
     
  Note: There are no Hyper-Amortization Loans included in the Mortgage Pool.  
         

 

Page 9 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                       
  Mortgage Loan Detail  
     
  Loan
Number
ODCR Property
Type (1)
City State Interest
Payment
Principal
Payment
Gross
Coupon
Anticipated
Repayment
Date
Maturity
Date
Neg.
Amort
(Y/N)
Beginning
Scheduled
Balance
Ending
Scheduled
Balance
Paid
Thru
Date
Appraisal
Reduction
Date
Appraisal
Reduction
Amount
Res.
Strat.
(2)
Mod.
Code
(3)
 
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
                                       
  Totals                                    

 

                                             
(1) Property Type Code (2) Resolution Strategy Code (3) Modification Code
     
  MF - Multi-Family

SS

-

Self Storage

1 - Modification 7 - REO 11 - Full Payoff 1 - Maturity Date Extension 6 - Capitalization on Interest  
  RT - Retail 98 -

Other

2 - Foreclosure 8 - Resolved 12   - Reps and Warranties 2 - Amortization Change 7 - Capitalization on Taxes  
  HC - Health Care SE -

Securities

3 - Bankruptcy 9 - Pending Return 13 - TBD 3 - Principal Write-Off 8 - Other  
  IN   - Industrial CH -

Cooperative Housing

4 - Extension to Master Servicer 98 - Other 4 - Blank 9 - Combination  
  MH - Mobile Home Park WH - Warehouse 5 - Note Sale 10 Deed in Lieu Of 5 - Temporary Rate Reduction 10  -

Forbearance

 
  OF - Office

ZZ

-

Missing Information

6 -

DPO

   

Foreclosure

                   
 

MU

-

Mixed Use

SF -

Single Family

                               
 

LO

- Lodging                                      
                                             

 

Page 10 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                       
  NOI Detail  
                       
  Loan
Number
ODCR Property
Type
City State Ending
Scheduled
Balance
Most
Recent
Fiscal NOI (1)
Most
Recent
NOI (1)
Most Recent
NOI Start
Date
Most Recent
NOI End
Date
 
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
                       
  Total                    
                       

(1) The Most Recent Fiscal NOI and Most Recent NOI fields correspond to the financial data reported by the Master Servicer. An NOI of 0.00 means the Master Servicer did not report NOI figures in their loan level reporting.

                       
                       

 

Page 11 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                 
  Principal Prepayment Detail  
                 
  Loan Number Loan Group

Offering Document
Principal Prepayment Amount Prepayment Penalties  
  Cross-Reference Payoff Amount Curtailment Amount Prepayment
Premium
Yield Maintenance
Charge
 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
  Totals              
                 
                 
                 
                 

 

Page 12 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                           
  Historical Detail  
                                           
  Delinquencies Prepayments Rate and Maturities  
  Distribution 30-59 Days 60-89 Days 90 Days or More Foreclosure REO Modifications Curtailments Payoff Next Weighted Avg. WAM   
  Date # Balance # Balance # Balance # Balance # Balance # Balance # Amount  # Amount Coupon Remit  
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
                                           
  Note: Foreclosure and REO Totals are excluded from the delinquencies.                    
                       

 

Page 13 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                               
  Delinquency Loan Detail  
                               
  Loan Number Offering
Document
Cross-Reference
# of
Months
Delinq.
Paid Through
Date
Current
P & I
Advances
Outstanding
P & I
Advances **
Status of
Loan  (1)
Resolution
Strategy
Code  (2)
Servicing
Transfer Date
Foreclosure
Date
Actual
Principal
Balance
Outstanding
Servicing
Advances
Bankruptcy
Date
REO
Date
 
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
                               
  Totals                            
                                         
                                         
        (1) Status of Mortgage Loan     (2) Resolution Strategy Code    
                                         
    A - Payment Not Received 0 - Current 4 -

Performing Matured Balloon

1 - Modification 7 - REO 11 -

Full Payoff

   
        But Still in Grace Period 1 - 30-59 Days Delinquent Non Performing Matured Balloon 2 - Foreclosure 8 - Resolved 12  - Reps and Warranties    
        Or Not Yet Due 2 - 60-89 Days Delinquent 6 - 121+ Days Delinquent 3 - Bankruptcy 9 - Pending Return 13 - TBD    
    B - Late Payment But Less 3 - 90-120 Days Delinquent       4 - Extension to Master Servicer 98 -

Other

   
        Than 30 Days Delinquent           5 - Note Sale 10  -

Deed In Lieu Of

   
                    6 - DPO    

    Foreclosure

         
    ** Outstanding P & I Advances include the current period advance.          
                                         

 

Page 14 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                 
  Specially Serviced Loan Detail - Part 1  
                                 
  Loan
Number
Offering
Document
Cross-Reference
Servicing
Transfer
Date
Resolution
Strategy
Code (1)
Scheduled
Balance
Property
Type (2)
State Interest
Rate
Actual
Balance
Net
Operating
Income
DSCR
Date
DSCR Note
Date
Maturity
Date
Remaining
Amortization
Term
 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                               
(1) Resolution Strategy Code (2) Property Type Code            
                               
  1 -  Modification 7 - REO 11 - Full Payoff MF - Multi-Family SS -

Self Storage

 
  2 -  Foreclosure 8 - Resolved 12 Reps and Warranties RT - Retail 98 -

Other

 
  3 -  Bankruptcy 9 - Pending Return 13 - TBD HC - Health Care SE -

Securities

 
  4 -  Extension to Master Servicer 98 - Other IN - Industrial CH -

Cooperative Housing

 
  5 -  Note Sale 10  - Deed in Lieu Of MH - Mobile Home Park WH -

Warehouse

 
  6 -  DPO     Foreclosure      

OF

-

Office

ZZ

Missing Information

 
                 

MU

Mixed Use

SF  Single Family   
                 

LO

Lodging

       
                               

 

Page 15 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                     
  Specially Serviced Loan Detail - Part 2  
                     
  Loan
Number
Offering
Document
 Cross-Reference 
Resolution
Strategy
Code (1)
Site
Inspection
Date

Phase 1 Date
Appraisal Date Appraisal
Value
Other REO
Property Revenue

Comment from Special Servicer

 
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                     
                               
(1) Resolution Strategy Code (2) Property Type Code            
                               
  1 -  Modification 7 - REO 11 - Full Payoff MF - Multi-Family SS -

Self Storage

 
  2 -  Foreclosure 8 - Resolved 12 Reps and Warranties RT - Retail 98 -

Other

 
  3 -  Bankruptcy 9 - Pending Return 13 - TBD HC - Health Care SE -

Securities

 
  4 -  Extension to Master Servicer 98 - Other IN - Industrial CH -

Cooperative Housing

 
  5 -  Note Sale 10  - Deed in Lieu Of MH - Mobile Home Park WH -

Warehouse

 
  6 -  DPO     Foreclosure      

OF

-

Office

ZZ

-

Missing Information

 
                 

MU

-

Mixed Use

SF  - Single Family   
                 

LO

-

Lodging

       
                               

 

Page 16 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

             
Advance Summary
             
  Loan Group  Current P&I
Advances
Outstanding P&I
Advances
Outstanding Servicing
Advances
Current Period Interest
on P&I and Servicing
Advances Paid
 
             
             
  Totals 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00  
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
             

 

Page 17 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                   
  Modified Loan Detail  
                   
  Loan
Number
Offering
Document
Cross-Reference
Pre-Modification
Balance
Post-Modification
Balance
Pre-Modification
Interest Rate
Post-Modification
Interest Rate
Modification
Date
Modification Description  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
  Totals                
                   
                   
                   

 

Page 18 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                             
  Historical Liquidated Loan Detail  
                             
  Distribution
Date
ODCR Beginning
Scheduled
Balance
Fees,
Advances,
and Expenses *
Most Recent
Appraised
Value or BPO
Gross Sales
Proceeds or
Other Proceeds
Net Proceeds
Received on
Liquidation
Net Proceeds
Available for
Distribution
Realized
Loss to Trust
Date of Current
Period Adj.
to Trust
Current Period
Adjustment
to Trust
Cumulative
Adjustment
to Trust
Loss to Loan
with Cum
Adj. to Trust
 
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
                             
  Current Total                        
  Cumulative Total                        
                             
  * Fees, Advances and Expenses also include outstanding P & I advances and unpaid fees (servicing, trustee, etc.).  
                             

 

Page 19 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                                                       
  Historical Bond/Collateral Loss Reconciliation Detail  
     
  Distribution
Date
    Offering
Document
Cross-Reference
    Beginning
Balance
at Liquidation
    Aggregate
Realized Loss
on Loans
    Prior Realized
Loss Applied
to Certificates
    Amounts
Covered by
Credit Support
    Interest
(Shortages)/
Excesses
    Modification
/Appraisal
Reduction Adj.
    Additional
(Recoveries)
/Expenses
    Realized Loss
Applied to
Certificates to Date
    Recoveries of
Realized Losses
Paid as Cash
    (Recoveries)/
Losses Applied to
Certificate Interest
 
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                         
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
                                                                       
  Totals                                                              
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 

 

Page 20 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                                                                 
  Interest Shortfall Reconciliation Detail - Part 1  
                                                                 
  Offering
Document
Cross-
Reference
    Stated
Principal
Balance at
Contribution
    Current
Ending
Scheduled
Balance
    Special Servicing Fees     ASER     (PPIS) Excess     Non-Recoverable
(Scheduled
Interest)
    Interest on
Advances
    Modified Interest
Rate (Reduction)
/Excess
 
Monthly     Liquidation   Work Out
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 
  Totals                                                              
                                                                 
                                                                 
                                                                 

 

Page 21 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

                 
  Interest Shortfall Reconciliation Detail - Part 2  
                 
  Offering
Document
Cross-Reference
Stated Principal
Balance at
Contribution
Current Ending
Scheduled
Balance
Reimb of Advances to the Servicer Other (Shortfalls)/
Refunds
Comments  
Current Month Left to Reimburse
Master Servicer
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
  Totals              
  Interest Shortfall Reconciliation Detail Part 2 Total 0.00      
  Interest Shortfall Reconciliation Detail Part 1 Total 0.00      
  Total Interest Shortfall Allocated to Trust 0.00      
                 
                 
                 
                 

 

Page 22 of 23

 

 

       
(WELLS FARGO LOGO) Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48

Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates

Series 2018-C48

For Additional Information please contact
CTSLink Customer Service
1-866-846-4526
Reports Available     www.ctslink.com
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Distribution Date: 1/17/19
Corporate Trust Services Record Date: 12/31/18
8480 Stagecoach Circle Determination Date: 1/11/19
Frederick, MD 21701-4747

     
     
  Supplemental Reporting  
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     

 

Page 23 of 23

 

 

(THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK)

 

 

 

 

ANNEX C

 

FORM OF OPERATING ADVISOR ANNUAL REPORT1

 

Report Date: This report will be delivered annually no later than [INSERT DATE], pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, dated as of December 1, 2018 (the “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”).
Transaction: Wells Fargo Commercial Mortgage Trust 2018-C48, Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates Series 2018-C48
Operating Advisor: Pentalpha Surveillance LLC
Special Servicer: LNR Partners, LLC
Directing Certificateholder: Argentic Securities Income USA LLC

 

I.I.         Population of Mortgage Loans that Were Considered in Compiling this Report

 

1.The Special Servicer has notified the Operating Advisor that [●] Specially Serviced Loans were transferred to special servicing in the prior calendar year [INSERT YEAR].

 

(a)[●] of those Specially Serviced Loans are still being analyzed by the Special Servicer as part of the development of an Asset Status Report.

 

(b)[Final] Asset Status Reports were issued with respect to [●] of such Specially Serviced Loans. This report is based only on the Specially Serviced Loans in respect of which an Asset Status Report has been issued. The Asset Status Reports may not yet be fully implemented.

 

2.Prior to an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, if one Mortgage Loan is in special servicing and if the Special Servicer has subsequently completed a Major Decision with respect to such Specially Serviced Loan, the Special Servicer has provided the applicable fully executed Major Decision Reporting Package approved or deemed approved by the Directing Holder to the Operating Advisor.

 

3.After an Operating Advisor Consultation Event, the Special Servicer has provided to the Operating Advisor:

 

(a)with respect to each Major Decision for the following non-Specially Serviced Loans, the related Major Decision Reporting Package and the opportunity to consult with respect to such Major Decision and recommended action:

 

________________________

 

________________________

 

________________________

 

________________________

 

 

1This report is an indicative report and does not reflect the final form of annual report to be used in any particular year. The Operating Advisor will have the ability to modify or alter the organization and content of any particular report, subject to the compliance with the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, including, without limitation, provisions relating to Privileged Information.

 

C-1

 

 

(b)with respect to following Specially Serviced Loans, each related Asset Status Report and the opportunity to consult with respect to such recommended action:

 

________________________

 

________________________

 

II.Executive Summary

 

Based on the requirements and qualifications set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, as well as the items listed below, the Operating Advisor (in accordance with the Operating Advisor’s analysis requirements outlined in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) has undertaken a limited review of the Special Servicer’s reported actions under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement on the loans identified in this report. Based solely on such limited review and subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications set forth herein, the Operating Advisor believes, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that the Special Servicer [is/is not] operating in compliance with the Servicing Standard with respect to its performance of its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement during the prior calendar year on a “trust level basis”. [The Operating Advisor believes, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, that the Special Servicer has failed to materially comply with the Servicing Standard as a result of the following material deviations.]

 

[LIST OF MATERIAL DEVIATION ITEMS]

 

In addition, the Operating Advisor notes the following: [PROVIDE SUMMARY OF ANY ADDITIONAL MATERIAL INFORMATION].

 

[ADD RECOMMENDATION OF REPLACEMENT OF SPECIAL SERVICER, IF APPLICABLE]

 

III.List of Items that were Considered in Compiling this Report

 

In rendering the assessment set forth in this report, the Operating Advisor examined and relied upon the accuracy and the completion of the items listed below:

 

1.Any Major Decision Reporting Package that is delivered or made available to the Operating Advisor by the Special Servicer pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.

 

2.Reports by the Special Servicer made available to Privileged Persons that are posted on the certificate administrator’s website that is relevant to the Operating Advisor’s obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, each Asset Status Report (after an Operating Advisor Consultation Event), and each Final Asset Status Report, in each case, delivered or made available to the Operating Advisor pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.

 

3.The Special Servicer’s assessment of compliance report, attestation report by a third party regarding the Special Servicer’s compliance with its obligations and net present value calculations and Appraisal Reduction Amount calculations delivered or made available to the Operating Advisor pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.

 

4.[LIST OTHER REVIEWED INFORMATION].

 

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5.[INSERT IF AFTER AN OPERATING ADVISOR CONSULTATION EVENT: Consulted with the Special Servicer as provided under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement on Asset Status Reports for a Specially Serviced Loan delivered or made available to the Operating Advisor pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and with respect to Major Decisions processed by the Special Servicer.]

 

NOTE: The Operating Advisor’s review of the above materials should be considered a limited review and not be considered a full or limited audit , legal review or legal conclusion. For instance, we did not review each page of the Special Servicer’s policy and procedure manuals (including amendments and appendices), review underlying lease agreements or similar underlying documents, re-engineer the quantitative aspects of their net present value calculator, visit any related property, visit the Special Servicer, visit the Directing Holder or interact with any borrower. In addition, our review of the net present value calculations and Appraisal Reduction calculations is limited to the mathematical accuracy of the calculations and the corresponding application of the non-discretionary portions of the applicable formulas, and as such, does not take into account the reasonableness of the discretionary portions of such formulas.

 

IV.Assumptions, Qualifications Related to the Work Product Undertaken and Opinions Related to this Report

 

1.As provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Operating Advisor is not required to report on instances of non-compliance with, or deviations from, the Servicing Standard or the special servicer’s obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement that the Operating Advisor determines, in its sole discretion exercised in good faith, to be immaterial.

 

2.In rendering our assessment herein, we have assumed that all executed factual statements, instruments, and other documents that we have relied upon in rendering this assessment have been executed by persons with legal capacity to execute such documents.

 

3.Other than the receipt of any Major Decision Reporting Package or any Asset Status Report that is delivered or made available to the Operating Advisor pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Operating Advisor did not participate in, or have access to, the Special Servicer’s and Directing Certificateholder’s discussion(s) regarding any Specially Serviced Loan. The Operating Advisor does not have authority to speak with the Directing Certificateholder directly. As such, the Operating Advisor generally relied upon the information delivered to it by the Special Servicer as well as its interaction with the Special Servicer, if any, in gathering the relevant information to generate this report. The services that we perform are not designed and cannot be relied upon to detect fraud or illegal acts should any exist.

 

4.The Special Servicer has the legal authority and responsibility to service any Specially Serviced Loans pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Operating Advisor has no responsibility or authority to alter the standards set forth therein or direct the actions of the Special Servicer.

 

5.Confidentiality and other contractual limitations limit the Operating Advisor’s ability to outline the details or substance of any communications held between it and the Special Servicer regarding any Specially Serviced Loans and certain information it reviewed in connection with its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.

 

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As a result, this report may not reflect all the relevant information that the Operating Advisor is given access to by the Special Servicer.

 

6.There are many tasks that the Special Servicer undertakes on an ongoing basis related to Specially Serviced Loans. These include, but are not limited to, assumptions, ownership changes, collateral substitutions, capital reserve changes, etc. The Operating Advisor does not participate in any discussions regarding such actions. As such, Operating Advisor has not assessed the Special Servicer’s operational compliance with respect to those types of actions.

 

7.The Operating Advisor is not empowered to speak with any investors directly. If the investors have questions regarding this report, they should address such questions to the certificate administrator through the certificate administrator’s website.

 

8.This report does not constitute recommendations to buy, sell or hold any security, nor does the Operating Advisor take into account market prices of securities or financial markets generally when performing its limited review of the Special Servicer as described above. The Operating Advisor does not have a fiduciary relationship with any Certificateholder or any other party or individual. Nothing is intended to or should be construed as creating a fiduciary relationship between the Operating Advisor and any Certificateholder, party or individual.

 

Terms used but not defined herein have the meaning set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.

 

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ANNEX D-1

 

MORTGAGE LOAN REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

Each sponsor will make, as of the date specified in the MLPA or such other date as set forth below, with respect to each Mortgage Loan sold by it that we include in the issuing entity, representations and warranties generally to the effect set forth below. The exceptions to the representations and warranties set forth below are identified on Annex D-2 to this prospectus. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Annex D-1 will have the meanings set forth in this prospectus or, if not defined in this prospectus, in the related MLPA; provided, however, that for the purposes of this Annex D-1, with respect to each sponsor, any reference to a “Mortgage Loan” will refer to the Mortgage Loans sold by such sponsor that we include in the issuing entity.

 

Each MLPA, together with the related representations and warranties, serves to contractually allocate risk between the related sponsor, on the one hand, and the issuing entity, on the other. We present the related representations and warranties set forth below for the sole purpose of describing some of the terms and conditions of that risk allocation. The presentation of representations and warranties below is not intended as statements regarding the actual characteristics of the Mortgage Loans, the Mortgaged Properties or other matters. We cannot assure you that the Mortgage Loans actually conform to the statements made in the representations and warranties that we present below. The representations, warranties and exceptions have been provided to you for informational purposes only and prospective investors should not rely on the representations, warranties and exceptions as a basis for any investment decision. For disclosure regarding the characteristics, risks and other information regarding the Mortgage Loans, Mortgaged Properties and the certificates, you should read and rely solely on the prospectus. None of the depositor or the underwriters or their respective affiliates makes any representation regarding the accuracy or completeness of the representations, warranties and exceptions.

 

1.   Intentionally Omitted.

 

2.   Whole Loan; Ownership of Mortgage Loans. Except with respect to a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, each Mortgage Loan is a whole loan and not a participation interest in a mortgage loan. At the time of the sale, transfer and assignment to the depositor, no Mortgage Note or Mortgage was subject to any assignment (other than assignments to the Mortgage Loan Seller or (with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) to the related Non-Serviced Trustee for the related non-serviced securitization trust), participation (it being understood that a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan does not constitute a participation) or pledge, and the Mortgage Loan Seller had good title to, and was the sole owner of, each Mortgage Loan free and clear of any and all liens, charges, pledges, encumbrances, participations (other than with respect to agreements among noteholders with respect to a Whole Loan), any other ownership interests and other interests on, in or to such Mortgage Loan other than any servicing rights appointment, subservicing or similar agreement. The Mortgage Loan Seller has full right and authority to sell, assign and transfer each Mortgage Loan, and the assignment to the depositor constitutes a legal, valid and binding assignment of such Mortgage Loan free and clear of any and all liens, pledges, charges or security interests of any nature encumbering such Mortgage Loan.

 

3.   Loan Document Status. Each related Mortgage Note, Mortgage, Assignment of Leases (if a separate instrument), guaranty and other agreement executed by or on behalf of the related Mortgagor, guarantor or other obligor in connection with such Mortgage Loan is the legal, valid and binding obligation of the related Mortgagor, guarantor or other obligor

 

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(subject to any non-recourse provisions contained in any of the foregoing agreements and any applicable state anti-deficiency or market value limit deficiency legislation), as applicable, and is enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as such enforcement may be limited by (i) bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally and (ii) general principles of equity (regardless of whether such enforcement is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law and except that certain provisions in such Mortgage Loan documents (including, without limitation, provisions requiring the payment of default interest, late fees or prepayment premium/yield maintenance charge) may be further limited or rendered unenforceable by applicable law, but (subject to the limitations set forth above) such limitations or unenforceability will not render such Mortgage Loan documents invalid as a whole or materially interfere with the Mortgagee’s realization of the principal benefits and/or security provided thereby (clauses (i) and (ii) collectively, the “Standard Qualifications”).

 

Except as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, there is no valid offset, defense, counterclaim or right of rescission available to the related Mortgagor with respect to any of the related Mortgage Notes, Mortgages or other Mortgage Loan documents, including, without limitation, any such valid offset, defense, counterclaim or right based on intentional fraud by Mortgage Loan Seller in connection with the origination of the Mortgage Loan, that would deny the Mortgagee the principal benefits intended to be provided by the Mortgage Note, Mortgage or other Mortgage Loan documents.

 

4.   Mortgage Provisions. The Mortgage Loan documents for each Mortgage Loan, together with applicable state law, contain provisions that render the rights and remedies of the holder thereof adequate for the practical realization against the Mortgaged Property of the principal benefits of the security intended to be provided thereby, including realization by judicial or, if applicable, non-judicial foreclosure subject to the limitations set forth in the Standard Qualifications.

 

5.   Intentionally Omitted.

 

6.   Mortgage Status; Waivers and Modifications. Since origination and except by written instruments set forth in the related Mortgage File or as otherwise provided in the related Mortgage Loan documents (a) the material terms of such Mortgage, Mortgage Note, Mortgage Loan guaranty and related Mortgage Loan documents have not been waived, impaired, modified, altered, satisfied, canceled, subordinated or rescinded in any respect which materially interferes with the security intended to be provided by such mortgage; (b) no related Mortgaged Property or any portion thereof has been released from the lien of the related Mortgage in any manner which materially interferes with the security intended to be provided by such Mortgage or the use or operation of the remaining portion of such Mortgaged Property; and (c) neither the Mortgagor nor the guarantor has been released from its material obligations under the Mortgage Loan. With respect to each Mortgage Loan, except as contained in a written document included in the Mortgage File, there have been no modifications, amendments or waivers, that could be reasonably expected to have a material adverse effect on such Mortgage Loan consented to by the Mortgage Loan Seller on or after the Cut-off Date.

 

7.   Lien; Valid Assignment. Subject to the Standard Qualifications, each endorsement or assignment of Mortgage and assignment of Assignment of Leases from the Mortgage Loan Seller or its affiliate is in recordable form (but for the insertion of the name of the assignee and any related recording information which is not yet available to the Mortgage Loan Seller) and constitutes a legal, valid and binding endorsement or assignment from the Mortgage Loan Seller, or its affiliate, as applicable. Each related Mortgage and Assignment

 

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of Leases is freely assignable without the consent of the related Mortgagor. Each related Mortgage is a legal, valid and enforceable first lien on the related Mortgagor’s fee (or if identified on the Mortgage Loan Schedule, leasehold) interest in the Mortgaged Property in the principal amount of such Mortgage Loan or allocated loan amount (subject only to Permitted Encumbrances (as defined below) and the exceptions to paragraph 8 below (each such exception, a “Title Exception”)), except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by the Standard Qualifications. Such Mortgaged Property (subject to Permitted Encumbrances and Title Exceptions) as of origination and, to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, as of the Cut-off Date, is free and clear of any recorded mechanics’ or materialmen’s liens and other recorded encumbrances that would be prior to or equal with the lien of the related Mortgage (which lien secures the related Whole Loan, in the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan), except those which are bonded over, escrowed for or insured against by the applicable Title Policy (as described below), and as of origination and, to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, as of the Cut-off Date, no rights exist which under law could give rise to any such lien or encumbrance that would be prior to or equal with the lien of the related Mortgage, except those which are bonded over, escrowed for or insured against by the applicable Title Policy. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, no representation is made as to the perfection of any security interest in rents or other personal property to the extent that possession or control of such items or actions other than the filing of Uniform Commercial Code financing statements is required to effect such perfection.

 

8.   Permitted Liens; Title Insurance. Each Mortgaged Property securing a Mortgage Loan is covered by an American Land Title Association loan title insurance policy or a comparable form of loan title insurance policy approved for use in the applicable jurisdiction (or, if such policy is yet to be issued, by a pro forma policy, a preliminary title policy or a “marked up” commitment, in each case with escrow instructions and binding on the title insurer) (the “Title Policy”) in the original principal amount of such Mortgage Loan (or with respect to a Mortgage Loan secured by multiple properties, an amount equal to at least the allocated loan amount with respect to the Title Policy for each such property) after all advances of principal (including any advances held in escrow or reserves), that insures for the benefit of the owner of the indebtedness secured by the Mortgage, the first priority lien of the Mortgage (which lien secures the related Whole Loan, in the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan), which lien is subject only to (a) the lien of current real property taxes, water charges, sewer rents and assessments not yet due and payable; (b) covenants, conditions and restrictions, rights of way, easements and other matters of public record specifically identified in the Title Policy; (c) the exceptions (general and specific) and exclusions set forth in such Title Policy; (d) other matters to which like properties are commonly subject; (e) the rights of tenants (as tenants only) under leases (including subleases) pertaining to the related Mortgaged Property; (f) if the related Mortgage Loan constitutes a cross-collateralized Mortgage Loan, the lien of the Mortgage for another Mortgage Loan contained in the same cross-collateralized group of Mortgage Loans, and (g) condominium declarations of record and identified in such Title Policy, provided that none of clauses (a) through (g), individually or in the aggregate, materially and adversely interferes with the value or principal use of the Mortgaged Property, the security intended to be provided by such Mortgage, or the current ability of the related Mortgaged Property to generate net cash flow sufficient to service the related Mortgage Loan or the Mortgagor’s ability to pay its obligations when they become due (collectively, the “Permitted Encumbrances”). For purposes of clause (a) of the immediately preceding sentence, any such taxes, assessments and other charges shall not be considered due and payable until the date on which interest and/or penalties would be payable thereon. Except as contemplated by clause (f) of the second preceding sentence none of the Permitted Encumbrances are mortgage liens that are senior to or coordinate and co-equal with the lien

 

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of the related Mortgage. Such Title Policy (or, if it has yet to be issued, the coverage to be provided thereby) is in full force and effect, all premiums thereon have been paid and no claims have been made by the Mortgage Loan Seller thereunder and no claims have been paid thereunder. Neither the Mortgage Loan Seller, nor to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, any other holder of the Mortgage Loan, has done, by act or omission, anything that would materially impair the coverage under such Title Policy. Each Title Policy contains no exclusion for, or affirmatively insures (except for any Mortgaged Property located in a jurisdiction where such affirmative insurance is not available in which case such exclusion may exist), (a) that the Mortgaged Property shown on the survey is the same as the property legally described in the Mortgage and (b) to the extent that the Mortgaged Property consists of two or more adjoining parcels, such parcels are contiguous.

 

9.   Junior Liens. It being understood that B notes secured by the same Mortgage as a Mortgage Loan are not subordinate mortgages or junior liens, except for any Mortgage Loan that is cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted with another Mortgage Loan, as of the Cut-off Date there are no subordinate mortgages or junior mortgage liens encumbering the related Mortgaged Property other than Permitted Encumbrances, mechanics’ or materialmen’s liens (which are the subject of the representation in paragraph (7) above), and equipment and other personal property financing. The Mortgage Loan Seller has no knowledge of any mezzanine debt secured directly by interests in the related Mortgagor other than as set forth on Schedule D-1 to this Annex D-1.

 

10.  Assignment of Leases and Rents. There exists as part of the related Mortgage File an Assignment of Leases (either as a separate instrument or incorporated into the related Mortgage). Subject to the Permitted Encumbrances and Title Exceptions (and, in the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan, subject to the related Assignment of Leases constituting security for the entire Whole Loan), each related Assignment of Leases creates a valid first-priority collateral assignment of, or a valid first-priority lien or security interest in, rents and certain rights under the related lease or leases, subject only to a license granted to the related Mortgagor to exercise certain rights and to perform certain obligations of the lessor under such lease or leases, including the right to operate the related leased property, except as the enforcement thereof may be limited by the Standard Qualifications. The related Mortgage or related Assignment of Leases, subject to applicable law and the Standard Qualifications, provides that, upon an event of default under the Mortgage Loan, a receiver may be appointed for the collection of rents or for the related Mortgagee to enter into possession to collect the rents or for rents to be paid directly to the Mortgagee.

 

11.  Financing Statements. Subject to the Standard Qualifications, each Mortgage Loan or related security agreement establishes a valid security interest in, and a UCC-1 financing statement has been filed and/or recorded (or, in the case of fixtures, the Mortgage constitutes a fixture filing) in all places necessary at the time of the origination of the Mortgage Loan (or, if not filed and/or recorded, has submitted or caused to be submitted in proper form for filing and/or recording) to perfect a valid security interest in, the personal property (creation and perfection of which is governed by the UCC) owned by the Mortgagor and necessary to operate such Mortgaged Property in its current use other than (1) non-material personal property, (2) personal property subject to purchase money security interests and (3) personal property that is leased equipment. Each UCC-1 financing statement, if any, filed with respect to personal property constituting a part of the related Mortgaged Property and each UCC-3 assignment, if any, filed with respect to such financing statement was in suitable form for filing in the filing office in which such financing statement was filed. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, no representation is made as to the perfection of any security interest in rents or other personal property to the extent that

 

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possession or control of such items or actions other than the filing of Uniform Commercial Code financing statements is required to effect such perfection.

 

12.  Condition of Property. The Mortgage Loan Seller or the originator of the Mortgage Loan inspected or caused to be inspected each related Mortgaged Property within six months of origination of the Mortgage Loan and within twelve months of the Cut-off Date.

 

An engineering report or property condition assessment was prepared in connection with the origination of each Mortgage Loan no more than twelve months prior to the Cut-off Date. To the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, based solely upon due diligence customarily performed in connection with the origination of comparable mortgage loans, as of the Closing Date, each related Mortgaged Property was free and clear of any material damage (other than (i) deferred maintenance for which escrows were established at origination and (ii) any damage fully covered by insurance) that would affect materially and adversely the use or value of such Mortgaged Property as security for the Mortgage Loan.

 

13.  Taxes and Assessments. As of the date of origination and, to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, as of the Cut-off Date, all taxes, governmental assessments and other outstanding governmental charges (including, without limitation, water and sewage charges) due with respect to the Mortgaged Property (excluding any related personal property) securing a Mortgage Loan that is or could become a lien on the related Mortgaged Property that became due and owing prior to the Cut-off Date with respect to each related Mortgaged Property have been paid, or, if the appropriate amount of such taxes or charges is being appealed or is otherwise in dispute, the unpaid taxes or charges are covered by an escrow of funds or other security sufficient to pay such tax or charge and reasonably estimated interest and penalties, if any, thereon. For purposes of this representation and warranty, any such taxes, assessments and other charges shall not be considered due and payable until the date on which interest and/or penalties would be payable thereon.

 

14.  Condemnation. As of the date of origination and to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge as of the Cut-off Date, there is no proceeding pending and, to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge as of the date of origination and as of the Cut-off Date, there is no proceeding threatened for the total or partial condemnation of such Mortgaged Property that would have a material adverse effect on the value, use or operation of the Mortgaged Property.

 

15.  Actions Concerning Mortgage Loan. To the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, based on evaluation of the Title Policy (as defined in paragraph 8), an engineering report or property condition assessment as described in paragraph 12, applicable local law compliance materials as described in paragraph 26, and the ESA (as defined in paragraph 43), as of origination there was no pending or filed action, suit or proceeding, arbitration or governmental investigation involving any Mortgagor, guarantor, or Mortgagor’s interest in the Mortgaged Property, an adverse outcome of which would reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect (a) such Mortgagor’s title to the Mortgaged Property, (b) the validity or enforceability of the Mortgage, (c) such Mortgagor’s ability to perform under the related Mortgage Loan, (d) such guarantor’s ability to perform under the related guaranty, (e) the principal benefit of the security intended to be provided by the Mortgage Loan documents; or (f) the current principal use of the Mortgaged Property.

 

16.  Escrow Deposits. All escrow deposits and escrow payments currently required to be escrowed with the Mortgagee pursuant to each Mortgage Loan (including capital improvements and environmental remediation reserves) are in the possession, or under the control, of the Mortgage Loan Seller or its servicer, and there are no delinquencies (subject to any applicable grace or cure periods) in connection therewith, and all such escrows and

 

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deposits (or the right thereto) that are required under the related Mortgage Loan documents are being conveyed by the Mortgage Loan Seller to the depositor or its servicer (or, in the case of a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, to the related depositor under the Non-Serviced PSA or Non-Serviced Master Servicer for the related non-serviced securitization trust).

 

17.  No Holdbacks. The principal amount of the Mortgage Loan stated on the Mortgage Loan Schedule has been fully disbursed as of the Closing Date and there is no requirement for future advances thereunder (except in those cases where the full amount of the Mortgage Loan has been disbursed but a portion thereof is being held in escrow or reserve accounts pending the satisfaction of certain conditions relating to leasing, repairs, occupancy, performance or other matters with respect to the related Mortgaged Property, the Mortgagor or other considerations determined by the Mortgage Loan Seller to merit such holdback).

 

18.  Insurance. Each related Mortgaged Property is, and is required pursuant to the related Mortgage to be, insured by a property insurance policy providing coverage for loss in accordance with coverage found under a “special cause of loss form” or “all risk form” that includes replacement cost valuation issued by an insurer meeting the requirements of the related Mortgage Loan documents and having a claims-paying or financial strength rating meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements (as defined below), in an amount (subject to customary deductibles) not less than the lesser of (1) the original principal balance of the Mortgage Loan and (2) the full insurable value on a replacement cost basis of the improvements, furniture, furnishings, fixtures and equipment owned by the Mortgagor included in the Mortgaged Property (with no deduction for physical depreciation), but, in any event, not less than the amount necessary or containing such endorsements as are necessary to avoid the operation of any coinsurance provisions with respect to the related Mortgaged Property.

 

Insurance Ratings Requirements” means either (1) a claims paying or financial strength rating of at least “A-:VIII” from A.M. Best Company or “A3” (or the equivalent) from Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or “A-” from S&P Global Ratings or (2) the Syndicate Insurance Ratings Requirements. “Syndicate Insurance Ratings Requirements” means insurance provided by a syndicate of insurers, as to which (i) if such syndicate consists of 5 or more members, at least 60% of the coverage is provided by insurers that meet the Insurance Ratings Requirements (under clause (1) of the definition of such term) and up to 40% of the coverage is provided by insurers that have a claims paying or financial strength rating of at least “BBB-” by S&P Global Ratings or at least “Baa3” by Moody’s, and (ii) if such syndicate consists of 4 or fewer members, at least 75% of the coverage is provided by insurers that meet the Insurance Ratings Requirements (under clause (1) of the definition of such term) and up to 25% of the coverage is provided by insurers that have a claims paying or financial strength rating of at least “BBB-” by S&P Global Ratings or at least “Baa3” by Moody’s.

 

Each related Mortgaged Property is also covered, and required to be covered pursuant to the related Mortgage Loan documents, by business interruption or rental loss insurance which (subject to a customary deductible) covers a period of not less than 12 months (or with respect to each Mortgage Loan on a single asset with a principal balance of $50 million or more, 18 months).

 

If any material part of the improvements, exclusive of a parking lot, located on a Mortgaged Property is in an area identified in the Federal Register by the Federal Emergency Management Agency as having special flood hazards, the related Mortgagor is required to maintain insurance in an amount equal to the lesser of (a) the maximum amount available under the National Flood Insurance Program, plus such additional excess flood coverage in an amount as is generally required by prudent institutional commercial mortgage lenders

 

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originating mortgage loans for securitization, (b) the outstanding principal amount of the Mortgage Loan and (c) the insurable value of the Mortgaged Property.

 

If the Mortgaged Property is located within 25 miles of the coast of the Gulf of Mexico or the Atlantic coast of Florida, Georgia, South Carolina or North Carolina, the related Mortgagor is required to maintain coverage for windstorm and/or windstorm related perils and/or “named storms” issued by an insurer meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements or endorsement covering damage from windstorm and/or windstorm related perils and/or named storms, in an amount not less than the lesser of (1) the original principal balance of the Mortgage Loan and (2) the full insurable value on a replacement cost basis of the improvements, furniture, furnishings, fixtures and equipment owned by the Mortgagor and included in the Mortgaged Property (with no deduction for physical depreciation), but, in any event, not less than the amount necessary or containing such endorsements as are necessary to avoid the operation of any coinsurance provisions with respect to the related Mortgaged Property by an insurer meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements.

 

The Mortgaged Property is covered, and required to be covered pursuant to the related Mortgage Loan documents, by a commercial general liability insurance policy issued by an insurer meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements including coverage for property damage, contractual damage and personal injury (including bodily injury and death) in amounts as are generally required by the Mortgage Loan Seller for similar commercial and multifamily loans intended for securitization, and in any event not less than $1 million per occurrence and $2 million in the aggregate.

 

An architectural or engineering consultant has performed an analysis of each of the Mortgaged Properties located in seismic zones 3 or 4 in order to evaluate the seismic condition of such property, for the sole purpose of assessing the probable maximum loss or scenario expected loss (“PML”) for the Mortgaged Property in the event of an earthquake. In such instance, the PML was based on a 475-year return period, an exposure period of 50 years and a 10% probability of exceedance. If the resulting report concluded that the PML would exceed 20% of the amount of the replacement costs of the improvements, earthquake insurance on such Mortgaged Property was obtained by an insurer rated at least “A:VIII” by A.M. Best Company or “A3” (or the equivalent) from Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or “A-” by S&P Global Ratings in an amount not less than 100% of the PML.

 

The Mortgage Loan documents require insurance proceeds (or an amount equal to such insurance proceeds) in respect of a property loss to be applied either (a) to the repair or restoration of all or part of the related Mortgaged Property, with respect to all property losses in excess of 5% of the then-outstanding principal amount of the related Mortgage Loan, the Mortgagee (or a trustee appointed by it) having the right to hold and disburse such proceeds as the repair or restoration progresses, or (b) to the payment of the outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Loan together with any accrued interest thereon.

 

All premiums on all insurance policies referred to in this section that are required by the Mortgage Loan documents to be paid as of the Cut-off Date have been paid, and such insurance policies name the Mortgagee under the Mortgage Loan and its successors and assigns as a loss payee under a mortgagee endorsement clause or, in the case of the general liability insurance policy, as named or additional insured. Such insurance policies will inure to the benefit of the trustee (or, in the case of a Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan, the applicable Non-Serviced Trustee). Each related Mortgage Loan obligates the related Mortgagor to maintain all such insurance and, at such Mortgagor’s failure to do so, authorizes the Mortgagee to maintain such insurance at the Mortgagor’s cost and expense and to charge such Mortgagor for related premiums. All such insurance policies (other than

 

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commercial liability policies) require at least 10 days’ prior notice to the Mortgagee of termination or cancellation arising because of nonpayment of a premium and at least 30 days’ prior notice to the Mortgagee of termination or cancellation (or such lesser period, not less than 10 days, as may be required by applicable law) arising for any reason other than non-payment of a premium and no such notice has been received by the Mortgage Loan Seller.

 

19.  Access; Utilities; Separate Tax Parcels. Based solely on evaluation of the Title Policy (as defined in paragraph 8) and survey, if any, an engineering report or property condition assessment as described in paragraph 12, applicable local law compliance materials as described in paragraph 26, and the ESA (as defined in paragraph 43), each Mortgaged Property (a) is located on or adjacent to a public road and has direct legal access to such road, or has permanent access from a recorded easement or right of way permitting ingress and egress to/from a public road, (b) is served by or has access rights to public or private water and sewer (or well and septic) and other utilities necessary for the current use of the Mortgaged Property, all of which are adequate for the current use of the Mortgaged Property, and (c) constitutes one or more separate tax parcels which do not include any property which is not part of the Mortgaged Property or is subject to an endorsement under the related Title Policy insuring the Mortgaged Property, or in certain cases, an application has been made or is required to be made to the applicable governing authority for creation of separate tax parcels (or the Mortgage Loan documents so require such application in the future), in which case the Mortgage Loan requires the Mortgagor to escrow an amount sufficient to pay taxes for the existing tax parcel of which the Mortgaged Property is a part until the separate tax parcels are created.

 

20. No Encroachments. To the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge based solely on surveys obtained in connection with origination and the Title Policy obtained in connection with the origination of each Mortgage Loan, and except for encroachments that do not materially and adversely affect the current marketability or principal use of the Mortgaged Property: (a) all material improvements that were included for the purpose of determining the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property at the time of the origination of such Mortgage Loan are within the boundaries of the related Mortgaged Property, except for encroachments that are insured against by the applicable Title Policy; (b) no material improvements on adjoining parcels encroach onto the related Mortgaged Property except for encroachments that are insured against by the applicable Title Policy; and (c) no material improvements encroach upon any easements except for encroachments that are insured against by the applicable Title Policy.

 

21.  No Contingent Interest or Equity Participation. No Mortgage Loan has a shared appreciation feature, any other contingent interest feature or a negative amortization feature (except that an ARD Loan may provide for the accrual of the portion of interest in excess of the rate in effect prior to the Anticipated Repayment Date) or an equity participation by the Mortgage Loan Seller.

 

22.  REMIC. The Mortgage Loan is a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code (but determined without regard to the rule in Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-2(f)(2) that treats certain defective mortgage loans as qualified mortgages), and, accordingly, (A) the issue price of the Mortgage Loan to the related Mortgagor at origination did not exceed the non-contingent principal amount of the Mortgage Loan and (B) either: (a) such Mortgage Loan is secured by an interest in real property (including permanently affixed buildings and distinct structural components, such as wiring, plumbing systems and central heating and air-conditioning systems, that are integrated into such buildings, serve such buildings in their passive functions and do not produce or contribute to the production of income other than consideration for the use or

 

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occupancy of space, but excluding personal property) having a fair market value (i) at the date the Mortgage Loan was originated at least equal to 80% of the adjusted issue price of the Mortgage Loan (together with any related Pari Passu Companion Loans) on such date or (ii) at the Closing Date at least equal to 80% of the adjusted issue price of the Mortgage Loan (together with any related Pari Passu Companion Loans) on such date, provided that for purposes hereof, the fair market value of the real property interest must first be reduced by (A) the amount of any lien on the real property interest that is senior to the Mortgage Loan and (B) a proportionate amount of any lien that is in parity with the Mortgage Loan; or (b) substantially all of the proceeds of such Mortgage Loan were used to acquire, improve or protect the real property which served as the only security for such Mortgage Loan (other than a recourse feature or other third-party credit enhancement within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-2(a)(1)(ii)). If the Mortgage Loan was “significantly modified” prior to the Closing Date so as to result in a taxable exchange under Section 1001 of the Code, it either (x) was modified as a result of the default or reasonably foreseeable default of such Mortgage Loan or (y) satisfies the provisions of either sub-clause (B)(a)(i) above (substituting the date of the last such modification for the date the Mortgage Loan was originated) or sub-clause (B)(a)(ii), including the proviso thereto. Any prepayment premiums and yield maintenance charges applicable to the Mortgage Loan constitute “customary prepayment penalties” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-1(b)(2). All terms used in this paragraph shall have the same meanings as set forth in the related Treasury Regulations.

 

23.  Compliance with Usury Laws. The mortgage rate (exclusive of any default interest, late charges, yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium) of such Mortgage Loan complied as of the date of origination with, or was exempt from, applicable state or federal laws, regulations and other requirements pertaining to usury.

 

24.  Authorized to do Business. To the extent required under applicable law, as of the Cut-off Date or as of the date that such entity held the Mortgage Note, each holder of the Mortgage Note was authorized to transact and do business in the jurisdiction in which each related Mortgaged Property is located, or the failure to be so authorized does not materially and adversely affect the enforceability of such Mortgage Loan by the Trust.

 

25.  Trustee under Deed of Trust. With respect to each Mortgage which is a deed of trust, as of the date of origination and, to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, as of the Closing Date, a trustee, duly qualified under applicable law to serve as such, currently so serves and is named in the deed of trust or has been substituted in accordance with the Mortgage and applicable law or may be substituted in accordance with the Mortgage and applicable law by the related Mortgagee.

 

26.  Local Law Compliance. To the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, based upon any of a letter from any governmental authorities, a legal opinion, an architect’s letter, a zoning consultant’s report, an endorsement to the related Title Policy, a survey, or other affirmative investigation of local law compliance consistent with the investigation conducted by the Mortgage Loan Seller for similar commercial and multifamily mortgage loans intended for securitization, the improvements located on or forming part of each Mortgaged Property securing a Mortgage Loan are in material compliance with applicable laws, zoning ordinances, rules, covenants, and restrictions (collectively “Zoning Regulations”) governing the occupancy, use, and operation of such Mortgaged Property or constitute a legal non-conforming use or structure and any non-conformity with zoning laws constitutes a legal non-conforming use or structure which does not materially and adversely affect the use, operation or value of such Mortgaged Property. In the event of casualty or destruction, (a) the Mortgaged Property may be restored or repaired to the full extent necessary to maintain the use of the structure immediately prior to such casualty or destruction, (b) law

 

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and ordinance insurance coverage has been obtained for the Mortgaged Property in amounts customarily required by the Mortgage Loan Seller for similar commercial and multifamily loans intended for securitization, (c) title insurance policy coverage has been obtained with respect to any non-conforming use or structure, or (d) the inability to restore the Mortgaged Property to the full extent of the use or structure immediately prior to the casualty would not materially and adversely affect the use or operation of such Mortgaged Property. The Mortgage Loan documents require the related Mortgagor to be qualified to do business in the jurisdiction in which the related Mortgaged Property is located.

 

27.  Licenses and Permits. Each Mortgagor covenants in the Mortgage Loan documents that it shall keep all material licenses, permits, franchises, certificates of occupancy and applicable governmental approvals necessary for the operation of the Mortgaged Property in full force and effect, and to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge based upon any of a letter from any government authorities, zoning consultant’s report or other affirmative investigation of local law compliance consistent with the investigation conducted by the Mortgage Loan Seller for similar commercial and multifamily mortgage loans intended for securitization; all such material licenses, permits, franchises, certificates of occupancy and applicable governmental approvals are in effect or the failure to obtain or maintain such material licenses, permits, franchises or certificates of occupancy and applicable governmental approvals does not materially and adversely affect the use and/or operation of the Mortgaged Property as it was used and operated as of the date of origination of the Mortgage Loan or the rights of a holder of the related Mortgage Loan. The Mortgage Loan documents require the related Mortgagor to comply in all material respects with all applicable regulations, zoning and building laws.

 

28.  Recourse Obligations. The Mortgage Loan documents for each Mortgage Loan (a) provide that such Mortgage Loan becomes full recourse to the Mortgagor and guarantor (which is a natural person or persons, or an entity or entities distinct from the Mortgagor (but may be affiliated with the Mortgagor) that collectively, as of the date of origination of the related Mortgage Loan, have assets other than equity in the related Mortgaged Property that are not de minimis) in any of the following events (or negotiated provisions of substantially similar effect): (i) if any petition for bankruptcy, insolvency, dissolution or liquidation pursuant to federal bankruptcy law, or any similar federal or state law, shall be filed by, consented to, or acquiesced in by, the Mortgagor; (ii) the Mortgagor or guarantor shall have solicited or caused to be solicited petitioning creditors to cause an involuntary bankruptcy filing with respect to the Mortgagor or (iii) transfers of either the Mortgaged Property or controlling equity interests in the Mortgagor made in violation of the Mortgage Loan documents; and (b) contains provisions for recourse against the Mortgagor and guarantor (which is a natural person or persons, or an entity or entities distinct from the Mortgagor (but may be affiliated with the Mortgagor) that collectively, as of the date of origination of the related Mortgage Loan, have assets other than equity in the related Mortgaged Property that are not de minimis), for losses and damages resulting from the following (or negotiated provisions of substantially similar effect): (i) the Mortgagor’s misappropriation of rents after an event of default, security deposits, insurance proceeds, or condemnation awards; (ii) the Mortgagor’s fraud or intentional material misrepresentation; (iii) breaches of the environmental covenants in the Mortgage Loan documents; or (iv) the Mortgagor’s commission of intentional material physical waste at the Mortgaged Property (but, in some cases, only to the extent there is sufficient cash flow generated by the related Mortgaged Property to prevent such waste).

 

29.  Mortgage Releases. The terms of the related Mortgage or related Mortgage Loan documents do not provide for release of any material portion of the Mortgaged Property from the lien of the Mortgage except (a) a partial release, accompanied by principal

 

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repayment, or partial defeasance (as described in paragraph 34) of not less than a specified percentage at least equal to 110% of the related allocated loan amount of such portion of the Mortgaged Property, (b) upon payment in full of such Mortgage Loan, (c) upon a Defeasance (defined in paragraph 34 below), (d) releases of out-parcels that are unimproved or other portions of the Mortgaged Property which will not have a material adverse effect on the underwritten value of the Mortgaged Property and which were not afforded any material value in the appraisal obtained at the origination of the Mortgage Loan and are not necessary for physical access to the Mortgaged Property or compliance with zoning requirements, or (e) as required pursuant to an order of condemnation. With respect to any partial release under the preceding clauses (a) or (d), either: (x) such release of collateral (i) would not constitute a “significant modification” of the subject Mortgage Loan within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-2(b)(2) and (ii) would not cause the subject Mortgage Loan to fail to be a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3)(A) of the Code; or (y) the Mortgagee or servicer can, in accordance with the related Mortgage Loan documents, condition such release of collateral on the related Mortgagor’s delivery of an opinion of tax counsel to the effect specified in the immediately preceding clause (x). For purposes of the preceding clause (x), if the fair market value of the real property constituting such Mortgaged Property (reduced by (1) the amount of any lien on the real property that is senior to the Mortgage Loan and (2) a proportionate amount of any lien on the real property that is in parity with the Mortgage Loan) after the release is not equal to at least 80% of the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan (together with any related Pari Passu Companion Loans) outstanding after the release, the Mortgagor is required to make a payment of principal in an amount not less than the amount required by the REMIC Provisions.

 

In the case of any Mortgage Loan, in the event of a taking of any portion of a Mortgaged Property by a State or any political subdivision or authority thereof, whether by legal proceeding or by agreement, the Mortgagor can be required to pay down the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan (together with any related Pari Passu Companion Loans) in an amount not less than the amount required by the REMIC Provisions and, to such extent, the award from any such taking may not be required to be applied to the restoration of the Mortgaged Property or released to the Mortgagor, if, immediately after the release of such portion of the Mortgaged Property from the lien of the Mortgage (but taking into account the planned restoration) the fair market value of the real property constituting the remaining Mortgaged Property (reduced by (1) the amount of any lien on the real property that is senior to the Mortgage Loan and (2) a proportionate amount of any lien on the real property that is in parity with the Mortgage Loan) is not equal to at least 80% of the remaining principal balance of the Mortgage Loan (together with any related Pari Passu Companion Loans).

 

No such Mortgage Loan that is secured by more than one Mortgaged Property or that is cross-collateralized with another Mortgage Loan permits the release of cross-collateralization of the related Mortgaged Properties or a portion thereof, including due to a partial condemnation, other than in compliance with the REMIC Provisions.

 

30.  Financial Reporting and Rent Rolls. Each Mortgage Loan requires the Mortgagor to provide the owner or holder of the Mortgage Loan with (a) quarterly (other than for single-tenant properties) and annual operating statements, (b) quarterly (other than for single-tenant properties) rent rolls (or maintenance schedules in the case of Mortgage Loans secured by residential cooperative properties) for properties that have any individual lease which accounts for more than 5% of the in-place base rent, and (c) annual financial statements.

 

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31.  Acts of Terrorism Exclusion. With respect to each Mortgage Loan over $20 million, and to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge with respect to each Mortgage Loan of $20 million or less, as of origination the related special-form all-risk insurance policy and business interruption policy (issued by an insurer meeting the Insurance Rating Requirements) do not specifically exclude Acts of Terrorism, as defined in the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002, as amended by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 and the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2015 (collectively referred to as “TRIPRA”), from coverage, or if such coverage is excluded, it is covered by a separate terrorism insurance policy. With respect to each Mortgage Loan, the related Mortgage Loan documents do not expressly waive or prohibit the Mortgagee from requiring coverage for Acts of Terrorism, as defined in TRIPRA, or damages related thereto, except to the extent that any right to require such coverage may be limited by commercial availability on commercially reasonable terms, or as otherwise indicated on Annex D-2; provided, that if TRIPRA or a similar or subsequent statute is not in effect, then, provided that terrorism insurance is commercially available, the Mortgagor under each Mortgage Loan is required to carry terrorism insurance, but in such event the Mortgagor shall not be required to spend on terrorism insurance coverage more than two times the amount of the insurance premium that is payable in respect of the property and business interruption/rental loss insurance required under the related Mortgage Loan documents (without giving effect to the cost of terrorism and earthquake components of such casualty and business interruption/rental loss insurance) at the time of the origination of the Mortgage Loan, and if the cost of terrorism insurance exceeds such amount, the Mortgagor is required to purchase the maximum amount of terrorism insurance available with funds equal to such amount.

 

32.  Due on Sale or Encumbrance. Subject to specific exceptions set forth below, each Mortgage Loan contains a “due-on-sale” or other such provision for the acceleration of the payment of the unpaid principal balance of such Mortgage Loan if, without the consent of the holder of the Mortgage (which consent, in some cases, may not be unreasonably withheld) and/or complying with the requirements of the related Mortgage Loan documents (which provide for transfers without the consent of the Mortgagee which are customarily acceptable to the Mortgage Loan Seller, including, but not limited to, transfers of worn-out or obsolete furnishings, fixtures, or equipment promptly replaced with property of equivalent value and functionality and transfers by leases entered into in accordance with the Mortgage Loan documents), (a) the related Mortgaged Property, or any equity interest of greater than 50% in the related Mortgagor, is directly or indirectly pledged, transferred or sold, other than as related to (i) family and estate planning transfers or transfers upon death or legal incapacity, (ii) transfers to certain affiliates as defined in the related Mortgage Loan documents, (iii) transfers of less than, or other than, a controlling interest in a Mortgagor, (iv) transfers to another holder of direct or indirect equity in the Mortgagor, a specific Person designated in the related Mortgage Loan documents or a Person satisfying specific criteria identified in the related Mortgage Loan documents, (v) transfers of common stock in publicly traded companies or (vi) a substitution or release of collateral within the parameters of paragraphs 29 and 34 herein, or (vii) by reason of any mezzanine debt that existed at the origination of the related Mortgage Loan as set forth on Schedule D-1 to this Annex D-1, or future permitted mezzanine debt as set forth on Schedule D-2 to this Annex D-1 or (b) the related Mortgaged Property is encumbered with a subordinate lien or security interest against the related Mortgaged Property, other than (i) any Companion Loan of any Mortgage Loan or any subordinate debt that existed at origination and is permitted under the related Mortgage Loan documents, (ii) purchase money security interests (iii) any Mortgage Loan that is cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted with another Mortgage Loan as set forth on Schedule D-3 to this Annex D-1 or (iv) Permitted Encumbrances. The Mortgage or other Mortgage Loan documents provide that to the extent any Rating Agency

 

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fees are incurred in connection with the review of and consent to any transfer or encumbrance, the Mortgagor is responsible for such payment along with all other reasonable fees and expenses incurred by the Mortgagee relative to such transfer or encumbrance.

 

33.  Single-Purpose Entity. Each Mortgage Loan requires the Mortgagor to be a Single-Purpose Entity for at least as long as the Mortgage Loan is outstanding. Each Mortgage Loan with a Cut-off Date Balance of $30 million or more has a counsel’s opinion regarding non-consolidation of the Mortgagor. For this purpose, a “Single-Purpose Entity” shall mean an entity, other than an individual, whose organizational documents and the related Mortgage Loan documents (or if the Mortgage Loan has a Cut-off Date Balance equal to $10 million or less, its organizational documents or the related Mortgage Loan documents) provide substantially to the effect that it was formed or organized solely for the purpose of owning and operating one or more of the Mortgaged Properties and prohibit it from engaging in any business unrelated to such Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties, and whose organizational documents further provide, or which entity represented in the related Mortgage Loan documents, substantially to the effect that it does not have any assets other than those related to its interest in and operation of such Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties, or any indebtedness other than as permitted by the related Mortgage(s) or the other related Mortgage Loan documents, that it has its own books and records and accounts separate and apart from those of any other person (other than a Mortgagor for a Mortgage Loan that is cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted with the related Mortgage Loan), and that it holds itself out as a legal entity, separate and apart from any other person or entity.

 

34.  Defeasance. With respect to any Mortgage Loan that, pursuant to the Mortgage Loan documents, can be defeased (a “Defeasance”), (i) the Mortgage Loan documents provide for defeasance as a unilateral right of the Mortgagor, subject to satisfaction of conditions specified in the Mortgage Loan documents; (ii) the Mortgage Loan cannot be defeased within two years after the Closing Date; (iii) the Mortgagor is permitted to pledge only United States “government securities” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-2(a)(8)(ii), the revenues from which will be sufficient to make all scheduled payments under the Mortgage Loan when due, including the entire remaining principal balance on the maturity date (or on or after the first date on which payment may be made without payment of a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium) or, if the Mortgage Loan is an ARD Loan, the entire principal balance outstanding on the Anticipated Repayment Date (or on or after the first date on which payment may be made without payment of a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium), and if the Mortgage Loan permits partial releases of real property in connection with partial defeasance, the revenues from the collateral will be sufficient to pay all such scheduled payments calculated on a principal amount equal to a specified percentage at least equal to 110% of the allocated loan amount for the real property to be released; (iv) the defeasance collateral is not permitted to be subject to prepayment, call, or early redemption; (v) the Mortgagor is required to provide a certification from an independent certified public accountant that the collateral is sufficient to make all scheduled payments under the Mortgage Note as set forth in clause (iii) above; (vi) the defeased note and the defeasance collateral are required to be assumed by a Single-Purpose Entity; (vii) the Mortgagor is required to provide an opinion of counsel that the Trustee has a perfected security interest in such collateral prior to any other claim or interest; and (viii) the Mortgagor is required to pay all rating agency fees associated with defeasance (if rating confirmation is a specific condition precedent thereto) and all other reasonable expenses associated with defeasance, including, but not limited to, accountant’s fees and opinions of counsel.

 

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35.  Fixed Interest Rates. Each Mortgage Loan bears interest at a rate that remains fixed throughout the remaining term of such Mortgage Loan, except in the case of ARD Loans and situations where default interest is imposed.

 

36.  Ground Leases. For purposes of this Annex D-1, a “Ground Lease” shall mean a lease creating a leasehold estate in real property where the fee owner as the ground lessor conveys for a term or terms of years its entire interest in the land and buildings and other improvements, if any, comprising the premises demised under such lease to the ground lessee (who may, in certain circumstances, own the building and improvements on the land), subject to the reversionary interest of the ground lessor as fee owner.

 

With respect to any Mortgage Loan where the Mortgage Loan is secured by a Ground Leasehold estate in whole or in part, and the related Mortgage does not also encumber the related lessor’s fee interest in such Mortgaged Property, based upon the terms of the Ground Lease and any estoppel or other agreement received from the ground lessor in favor of Mortgage Loan Seller, its successors and assigns (collectively, the “Ground Lease and Related Documents”), Mortgage Loan Seller represents and warrants that:

 

(a)   The Ground Lease or a memorandum regarding such Ground Lease has been duly recorded or submitted for recordation in a form that is acceptable for recording in the applicable jurisdiction. The Ground Lease and Related Documents permit the interest of the lessee to be encumbered by the related Mortgage and do not restrict the use of the related Mortgaged Property by such lessee, its successors or assigns in a manner that would materially adversely affect the security provided by the related Mortgage. No material change in the terms of the Ground Lease had occurred since its recordation, except by any written instruments which are included in the related Mortgage File;

 

(b)   The lessor under such Ground Lease has agreed in a writing included in the related Mortgage File (or in such Ground Lease and Related Documents) that the Ground Lease may not be amended, modified, canceled or terminated by agreement of lessor and lessee without the prior written consent of the Mortgagee and that any such action without such consent is not binding on the Mortgagee, its successors or assigns, provided that the Mortgagee has provided lessor with notice of its lien in accordance with the terms of the Ground Lease;

 

(c)   The Ground Lease has an original term (or an original term plus one or more optional renewal terms, which, under all circumstances, may be exercised, and will be enforceable, by either the Mortgagor or the Mortgagee) that extends not less than 20 years beyond the stated maturity of the related Mortgage Loan, or 10 years past the stated maturity if such Mortgage Loan fully amortizes by the stated maturity (or with respect to a Mortgage Loan that accrues on an actual 360 basis, substantially amortizes);

 

(d)   The Ground Lease either (i) is not subject to any interests, estates, liens or encumbrances superior to, or of equal priority with, the Mortgage, except for the related fee interest of the ground lessor and the Permitted Encumbrances and Title Exceptions; or (ii) is the subject of a subordination, non-disturbance or attornment agreement or similar agreement to which the Mortgagee on the lessor’s fee interest is subject;

 

(e)   Subject to the notice requirements of the Ground Lease and Related Documents, the Ground Lease does not place commercially unreasonable restrictions on the identity of the Mortgagee and the Ground Lease is assignable to the holder of the Mortgage Loan and its successors and assigns without the consent of the lessor thereunder (or, if such consent is required it either has been obtained or cannot be unreasonably withheld, provided that such Ground Lease has not been terminated and all amounts due thereunder have been paid),

 

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and in the event it is so assigned, it is further assignable by the holder of the Mortgage Loan and its successors and assigns without the consent of the lessor (or, if such consent is required it either has been obtained or cannot be unreasonably withheld, provided that such Ground Lease has not been terminated and all amounts due thereunder have been paid);

 

(f)   The Mortgage Loan Seller has not received any written notice of material default under or notice of termination of such Ground Lease. To the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, there is no material default under such Ground Lease and no condition that, but for the passage of time or giving of notice, would result in a material default under the terms of such Ground Lease and to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, such Ground Lease is in full force and effect as of the Closing Date;

 

(g)  The Ground Lease and Related Documents require the lessor to give to the Mortgagee written notice of any default, and provide that no notice of default or termination is effective against the Mortgagee unless such notice is given to the Mortgagee;

 

(h)   A Mortgagee is permitted a reasonable opportunity (including, where necessary, sufficient time to gain possession of the interest of the lessee under the Ground Lease through legal proceedings) to cure any default under the Ground Lease which is curable after the Mortgagee’s receipt of notice of any default before the lessor may terminate the Ground Lease;

 

(i)   The Ground Lease does not impose any restrictions on subletting that would be viewed as commercially unreasonable by the Mortgage Loan Seller in connection with the origination of similar commercial or multifamily loans intended for securitization;

 

(j)   Under the terms of the Ground Lease and Related Documents, any related insurance proceeds or the portion of the condemnation award allocable to the ground lessee’s interest (other than in respect of a total or substantially total loss or taking as addressed in subpart (k)) will be applied either to the repair or to restoration of all or part of the related Mortgaged Property with (so long as such proceeds are in excess of the threshold amount specified in the related Mortgage Loan documents) the Mortgagee or a trustee appointed by it having the right to hold and disburse such proceeds as repair or restoration progresses, or to the payment of the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan, together with any accrued interest;

 

(k)  In the case of a total or substantially total taking or loss, under the terms of the Ground Lease and Related Documents, any related insurance proceeds, or portion of the condemnation award allocable to ground lessee’s interest in respect of a total or substantially total loss or taking of the related Mortgaged Property to the extent not applied to restoration, will be applied first to the payment of the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan, together with any accrued interest; and

 

(l)   Provided that the Mortgagee cures any defaults which are susceptible to being cured, the ground lessor has agreed to enter into a new lease with the Mortgagee upon termination of the Ground Lease for any reason, including rejection of the Ground Lease in a bankruptcy proceeding.

 

37.   Servicing. The servicing and collection practices used by the Mortgage Loan Seller with respect to the Mortgage Loan have been, in all respects legal and have met with customary industry standards for servicing of commercial loans for conduit loan programs.

 

38.   Origination and Underwriting. The origination practices of the Mortgage Loan Seller (or the related originator if the Mortgage Loan Seller was not the originator) with respect to

 

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each Mortgage Loan have been, in all material respects, legal and as of the date of its origination, such Mortgage Loan and the origination thereof complied in all material respects with, or was exempt from, all requirements of federal, state or local law relating to the origination of such Mortgage Loan; provided that such representation and warranty does not address or otherwise cover any matters with respect to federal, state or local law otherwise covered in this Annex D-1.

 

39.  Intentionally Omitted.

 

40.  No Material Default; Payment Record. No Mortgage Loan has been more than 30 days delinquent, without giving effect to any grace or cure period, in making required payments in the prior 12 months (or since origination if such Mortgage Loan has been originated within the past 12 months), and as of Cut-off Date, no Mortgage Loan is delinquent (beyond any applicable grace or cure period) in making required payments. To the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, there is (a) no material default, breach, violation or event of acceleration existing under the related Mortgage Loan, or (b) no event (other than payments due but not yet delinquent) which, with the passage of time or with notice and the expiration of any grace or cure period, would constitute a material default, breach, violation or event of acceleration, which default, breach, violation or event of acceleration in the case of either clause (a) or clause (b), materially and adversely affects the value of the Mortgage Loan or the value, use or operation of the related Mortgaged Property; provided, however, that this representation and warranty does not cover any default, breach, violation or event of acceleration that specifically pertains to or arises out of an exception scheduled to any other representation and warranty made by the Mortgage Loan Seller in this Annex D-1. No person other than the holder of such Mortgage Loan may declare any event of default under the Mortgage Loan or accelerate any indebtedness under the Mortgage Loan documents.

 

41. Bankruptcy. As of the date of origination of the related Mortgage Loan and to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge as of the Cut-off Date, neither the Mortgaged Property (other than any tenants of such Mortgaged Property), nor any portion thereof, is the subject of, and no Mortgagor, guarantor or tenant occupying a single-tenant property is a debtor in state or federal bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding.

 

42.  Organization of Mortgagor. With respect to each Mortgage Loan, in reliance on certified copies of the organizational documents of the Mortgagor delivered by the Mortgagor in connection with the origination of such Mortgage Loan, the Mortgagor is an entity organized under the laws of a state of the United States of America, the District of Columbia or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. Except with respect to any Mortgage Loan that is cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted with another Mortgage Loan and other than as set forth on Schedule D-4 to this Annex D-1, no Mortgage Loan has a Mortgagor that is an Affiliate of a Mortgagor with respect to another Mortgage Loan. An “Affiliate” for purposes of this paragraph (42) means, a Mortgagor that is under direct or indirect common ownership and control with another Mortgagor.

 

43.  Environmental Conditions. A Phase I environmental site assessment (or update of a previous Phase I and or Phase II environmental site assessment) and, with respect to certain Mortgage Loans, a Phase II environmental site assessment (collectively, an “ESA”) meeting ASTM requirements conducted by a reputable environmental consultant in connection with such Mortgage Loan within 12 months prior to its origination date (or an update of a previous ESA was prepared), and such ESA (i) did not identify the existence of recognized environmental conditions (as such term is defined in ASTM E1527-05 or its successor, hereinafter “Environmental Condition”) at the related Mortgaged Property or the need for further investigation, or (ii) if the existence of an Environmental Condition or need

 

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for further investigation was indicated in any such ESA, then at least one of the following statements is true: (A) an amount reasonably estimated by a reputable environmental consultant to be sufficient to cover the estimated cost to cure any material noncompliance with applicable Environmental Laws or the Environmental Condition has been escrowed by the related Mortgagor and is held or controlled by the related Mortgagee; (B) if the only Environmental Condition relates to the presence of asbestos-containing materials, radon in indoor air, lead based paint or lead in drinking water, the only recommended action in the ESA is the institution of such a plan, an operations or maintenance plan has been required to be instituted by the related Mortgagor that can reasonably be expected to mitigate the identified risk; (C) the Environmental Condition identified in the related environmental report was remediated or abated in all material respects prior to the date hereof, and, if and as appropriate, a no further action or closure letter was obtained from the applicable governmental regulatory authority (or the environmental issue affecting the related Mortgaged Property was otherwise listed by such governmental authority as “closed” or a reputable environmental consultant has concluded that no further action is required); (D) an environmental policy or a lender’s pollution legal liability insurance policy that covers liability for the identified circumstance or condition was obtained from an insurer rated no less than “A-” (or the equivalent) by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., S&P Global Ratings, Fitch Ratings, Inc. and/or A.M. Best Company; (E) a party not related to the Mortgagor was identified as the responsible party for such condition or circumstance and such responsible party has financial resources reasonably estimated to be adequate to address the situation; or (F) a party related to the Mortgagor having financial resources reasonably estimated to be adequate to address the situation is required to take action. To the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, except as set forth in the ESA, there is no Environmental Condition (as such term is defined in ASTM E1527-05 or its successor) at the related Mortgaged Property.

 

44. Intentionally Omitted.

 

45.  Appraisal. The Mortgage File contains an appraisal of the related Mortgaged Property with an appraisal date within 6 months of the Mortgage Loan origination date, and within 12 months of the Cut-off Date. The appraisal is signed by an appraiser that (i) is a Member of the Appraisal Institute, and (ii) to the Mortgage Loan Seller’s knowledge, had no interest, direct or indirect, in the Mortgaged Property or the Mortgagor or in any loan made on the security thereof, and whose compensation is not affected by the approval or disapproval of the Mortgage Loan. Each appraiser has represented in such appraisal or in a supplemental letter that the appraisal satisfies the requirements of the “Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice” as adopted by the Appraisal Standards Board of the Appraisal Foundation.

 

46.  Mortgage Loan Schedule. The information pertaining to each Mortgage Loan which is set forth in the Mortgage Loan Schedule attached as an exhibit to the related MLPA is true and correct in all material respects as of the Cut-off Date and contains all information required by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to be contained therein.

 

47.  Cross-Collateralization. No Mortgage Loan is cross-collateralized or cross-defaulted with any other mortgage loan that is outside the Mortgage Pool, except in the case of a Mortgage Loan that is part of a Whole Loan.

 

48.  Advance of Funds by the Mortgage Loan Seller. Except for loan proceeds advanced at the time of loan origination or other payments contemplated by the Mortgage Loan documents, no advance of funds has been made by the Mortgage Loan Seller to the related Mortgagor, and no funds have been received from any person other than the related Mortgagor or an affiliate, directly, or, to the knowledge of the Mortgage Loan Seller, indirectly for, or on account of, payments due on the Mortgage Loan. Neither the Mortgage

 

 D-1-17

 

 

Loan Seller nor any affiliate thereof has any obligation to make any capital contribution to any Mortgagor under a Mortgage Loan, other than contributions made on or prior to the date hereof.

 

49.  Compliance with Anti-Money Laundering Laws. The Mortgage Loan Seller has complied in all material respects with all applicable anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including without limitation the USA Patriot Act of 2001 with respect to the origination of the Mortgage Loan.

 

For purposes of this Annex D-1, “Mortgagee” means the mortgagee, grantee or beneficiary under any Mortgage, any holder of legal title to any portion of any Mortgage Loan or, if applicable, any agent or servicer on behalf of such party.

 

For purposes of this Annex D-1, “Mortgagor” means the obligor or obligors on a Mortgage Note, including without limitation, any person that has acquired the related Mortgaged Property and assumed the obligations of the original obligor under the Mortgage Note and including in connection with any Mortgage Loan that utilizes an indemnity deed of trust structure, the borrower and the Mortgaged Property owner/payment guarantor/mortgagor individually and collectively, as the context may require.

 

For purposes of this Annex D-1, the phrases “the sponsor’s knowledge” or “the sponsor’s belief” and other words and phrases of like import mean, except where otherwise expressly set forth in these representations and warranties, the actual state of knowledge or belief of the sponsor, its officers and employees directly responsible for the underwriting, origination, servicing or sale of the Mortgage Loans regarding the matters expressly set forth in these representations and warranties in each case without having conducted any independent inquiry into such matters and without any obligation to have done so (except (i) having sent to the servicers servicing the Mortgage Loans on behalf of the sponsor, if any, specific inquiries regarding the matters referred to and (ii) as expressly set forth in these representations and warranties). All information contained in documents which are part of or required to be part of a Mortgage File (to the extent such documents exist) shall be deemed within the sponsor’s knowledge.

 

 D-1-18

 


 

Schedule D-1 to Annex D-1

MORTGAGE LOANS WITH EXISTING MEZZANINE DEBT

Argentic Real
Estate Finance LLC

Wells Fargo Bank,
National
Association

Barclays Bank PLC

Basis Real Estate
Capital II, LLC

BSPRT CMBS
Finance, LLC

Danbury Commerce Portfolio (Loan No. 14) None None

Memphis Industrial Portfolio (Loan No. 11)

35 Claver Place (Loan No. 15)

Argenta Flats (Loan No. 26)

 

 D-1-19

 

Schedule D-2 to Annex D-1

MORTGAGE LOANS WITH RESPECT TO WHICH MEZZANINE DEBT
IS PERMITTED IN THE FUTURE

Argentic Real
Estate Finance LLC

Wells Fargo Bank,
National
Association

Barclays Bank PLC

Basis Real Estate
Capital II, LLC

BSPRT CMBS
Finance, LLC

Riverworks (Loan No. 4) None Christiana Mall (Loan No. 8) None None

D-1-20 

 

Schedule D-3 to Annex D-1

CROSS-COLLATERALIZED MORTGAGE LOANS

None.

D-1-21 

 

Schedule D-4 to Annex D-1

MORTGAGE LOANS WITH AFFILIATED BORROWERS

Argentic Real
Estate Finance LLC

Wells Fargo Bank,
National Association

Barclays Bank PLC

Basis Real Estate
Capital II, LLC

BSPRT CMBS
Finance, LLC

None

Buellton Self Storage (Loan No. 35)

Condor Self Storage of Ojai (Loan No. 40)

Paso Robles Self Storage (Loan No. 47)

None None None

D-1-22 

 

ANNEX D-2

EXCEPTIONS TO MORTGAGE LOAN REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and Number
as Identified on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(4) Mortgage Provisions Franklin Towne Center (Loan No. 7) The lien of the related mortgage includes the Mortgagor’s fee interest in the land, but does not include the related improvements (although such improvements are owned by the Mortgagor). The terms of the related net lease with the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, Stop & Shop, prohibit the Mortgagor from mortgaging such improvements. Pursuant to a recorded declaration, the Mortgagor has agreed, among other things, to convey such improvements to the lender upon a foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. The Mortgage Loan documents provide full recourse to the Mortgagor and guarantor if the Mortgagor does not convey the improvements in connection with a foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure or otherwise comply with the related declaration. Under certain circumstances, a REMIC may not be able to acquire the improvements in connection with a foreclosure of the related Mortgaged Property.  If this is the case, in connection with the exercise of its remedies following a default, the Trust may be required to simultaneously foreclose on the related Mortgaged Property and direct the conveyance of the improvements to a third-party purchaser, or to sell the Mortgage Loan.
(7) Lien; Valid Assignment Franklin Towne Center (Loan No. 7) See exception to Representation and Warranty No. 4.
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Franklin Towne Center (Loan No. 7) See exception to Representation and Warranty No. 4.
(15) Actions Concerning Mortgage Loan Franklin Towne Center (Loan No. 7) The related Mortgagor is a named defendant in a civil action for unspecified damages related to a personal injury that allegedly occurred at or near the Mortgaged Property.  Such claim is not defended or otherwise covered by any insurance policy held by the Mortgagor;  however, the Mortgagor has submitted a request for defense as an additional insured under an insurance policy held by Stop & Shop, the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property.  The Mortgagor has represented to the lender that the related insurer has accepted the Mortgagor’s tender notice, subject to, among other things, (i) the terms and conditions of the such insurance policy, (ii) no findings of any related negligence or willful misconduct by the Mortgagor, and (iii) such insurer’s reservation of its right to amend its coverage decision at any time pending further review.  Under the Mortgage Loan documents, the Mortgagor has indemnified the lender for any losses related to the pending action.   
(18) Insurance Danbury Commerce Portfolio (Loan No. 14) The Mortgage Loan documents permit the Mortgagor to rely upon insurance maintained by the tenants Hologic and Entegris for the portions of the Delaware Commerce Park Mortgaged Property located at 37 Apple Ridge Road, Danbury, Connecticut and 7 Commerce Drive, Danbury, Connecticut, provided that in each instance such insurance meets the requirements in the Mortgage Loan documents.   

 

D-2-1 

 

 

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and Number
as Identified on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(18) Insurance Franklin Towne Center (Loan No. 7) The Mortgagor owns the land and improvements but mortgaged only the land.  Pursuant to its related lease, the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, Stop & Shop, is permitted to cover such improvements by insurance that does not meet the requirements of this Representation and Warranty No. 18, including, among other things, that such insurance is not required to be issued by a rated insurer.  In addition, Stop & Shop may self-insure such improvements provided that Stop & Shop maintains a net worth in excess of $100,000,000.
(18) Insurance Heartland Village Apartments (Loan No. 37) The Mortgage Loan documents permit the Mortgagor to have a total deductible of up to $95,000 for property insurance coverage ($5,000 per building), which deductible may not be considered customary.
(26) Local Law Compliance Franklin Towne Center (Loan No. 7) There is an open fire code violation at the Mortgaged Property.  The Mortgagor has represented to the lender that the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, Stop & Shop, has completed all necessary repairs to cure such violation; however, the violation remains of record.  The Mortgage Loan documents require the Mortgagor to cause Stop & Shop to remove the violation of record.
(26) Local Law Compliance The Tannery (Loan No. 23) The Mortgaged Property is legal non-conforming as to use as the related zoning code no longer permits office uses.  If any structure containing a non-conforming use is damaged or destroyed to the extent of less than 75%, such structure may be restored to its prior non-conforming use, provided that any restoration is required to be (i) commenced within one year of the date of such damage or destruction and (ii) carried on without interruption.  If any structure containing a non-conforming use is damaged or destroyed to the extent of equal to or greater than 75%, such structure may only be restored in conformance with the current zoning code.
(28) Recourse Obligations Sheraton Grand Nashville Downtown (Loan No. 2) The aggregate liability of the guarantors with respect to any of the guaranteed obligations (other than with respect to any fraud by the Mortgagor, guarantors or any affiliate under control by the foregoing) under the Mortgage Loan documents is limited to $35,000,000, plus any out of pocket, documented costs and expenses incurred by the lender (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) in connection with the collection of any amounts due thereunder.
(28) Recourse Obligations Hampton Inn & Suites – Vineland (Loan No. 22) Liability for losses and damages related to physical waste is limited such that failure to provide services or repairs or to take other actions regarding the Mortgaged Property where Mortgagor does not have available to it the necessary funds from the Mortgaged Property’s operations to do so will not constitute waste.
(28) Recourse Obligations Riverworks (Loan No. 4) The Mortgage Loan documents do not provide recourse for intentional material physical waste; however, they do provide recourse for intentional active physical waste.  

 

D-2-2 

 

 

Argentic Real Estate Finance LLC
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and Number
as Identified on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(31) Acts of Terrorism Exclusion Riverworks (Loan No. 4) In the event TRIPRA or a similar or subsequent statute is not in effect, the Mortgagor is not required to spend on terrorism insurance premiums an amount in excess of a cap equal to the lesser of (i) 200% of the aggregate insurance premiums payable with respect to all of the insurance coverage required in connection with the Mortgage Loan for the last policy year in which terrorism insurance coverage was included as part of the “all risk” property insurance policy required for the Mortgage Loan, adjusted annually by a percentage equal to the increase in the New York Metropolitan Statistical Area Consumer Price Index, (ii) the amount of terrorism insurance coverage that the Mortgagor is able to purchase to provide terrorism coverage for the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan, or (iii)  the amount of terrorism insurance coverage that the Mortgagor is able to purchase for an amount equal to one-half of the premium that the Mortgagor is currently paying for the “all-risk” or special causes of loss property insurance required under the Mortgage Loan documents.   
(31) Acts of Terrorism Exclusion Franklin Towne Center (Loan No. 7) The Mortgagor owns the land and improvements but the collateral security of the Mortgage Loan documents does not include the improvements. Pursuant to its related lease, the sole tenant at the related Mortgaged Property, Stop & Shop, is permitted to provide the insurance for the improvements. As of the origination date, terrorism insurance is provided by the tenant, provided, however, the related lease does not require the tenant to maintain such terrorism insurance. In addition, Stop & Shop may self-insure property and liability coverages provided that Stop & Shop maintains a net worth in excess of $100,000,000. In the event the Stop & Shop lease terminates, the Mortgage Loan documents require that the “all risk” insurance policy required to be maintained by the borrower provide coverage for terrorism in an amount equal to the full replacement cost of the related Mortgaged Property.
(33) Single-Purpose Entity Danbury Commerce Portfolio (Loan No. 14) The Mortgagor is a recycled Single-Purpose Entity that previously owned a parcel of land adjacent to the Mortgaged Property that was transferred prior to the origination of the Mortgage Loan.
(33) Single-Purpose Entity Franklin Towne Center (Loan No. 7) The Mortgagor owns the land and improvements but mortgaged only the land.  The net lease with the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, Stop & Shop, prohibits the Mortgagor from mortgaging the improvements.
(33) Single-Purpose Entity Kennedy Road Marketplace (Loan No. 29) The Mortgagor is a recycled Single-Purpose Entity that previously owned certain adjacent parcels that were transferred to a third party prior to the origination of the Mortgage Loan.  The Mortgage Loan documents provide recourse to the Mortgagor and guarantor for any losses to the lender in connection with the prior owned parcels.

 

D-2-3 

 

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and
Number as Identified
on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio (Loan No. 3) (i) Tenant ROFR’s.  For each of the six constituent properties, Walgreen Co. (single tenant) has a Right of First Refusal (ROFR) to purchase its related property if an offer is received that borrower is otherwise willing to accept. The duration of the related ROFR periods are as follows: (A) Atlanta, GA property: 45 days; (B) Franklin, MA property: 21 days; (C) Chester, MD property: 45 days; (D) Burlington, NC property: 30 days (15 days if offeror desires to make a 1031 exchange); (E) Laredo, TX property: 21 days (but ROFR does not apply if offer includes additional non-Walgreen’s properties); and (F) Alexandria, VA: 10 business days. The ROFR is not extinguished by foreclosure. (ii) Conditional REA-Derived ROFR (Laredo, TX property).  If the Walgreen’s lease is not in effect for the Laredo, TX mortgaged property, then, pursuant to a reciprocal easement agreement affecting the property, an adjacent property owner has a ROFR to purchase the Laredo, TX mortgaged property if an offer is received that borrower is otherwise willing to accept. The ROFR is not extinguished by foreclosure.
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Starwood Hotel Portfolio (Loan No. 6) With respect to 15 of the 22 constituent properties that are subject to a franchise agreement with Marriott International, Inc., as franchisor, representing approximately 72.0% of the total rooms and 68.7% of total UW NCF, franchisor has Right of First Refusal (ROFR) to acquire related property if there is transfer of hotel or controlling direct or indirect interest in the Borrower to a competitor (generally, any person that exclusively develops, operates or franchises through or with a competitor of franchisor comprising at least 10 luxury service hotels (if a full service hotel), 20 full service hotels or 50 limited service hotels).  ROFR is not extinguished by foreclosure or deed-in-lieu thereof, and if transfer to competitor is by foreclosure, or if franchisee or its affiliates become a competitor, franchisor has right to purchase hotel upon notice to franchisee. Franchisor comfort letter provides that, if lender exercises remedies against franchisee, lender may appoint a lender affiliate to acquire the property and enter into a management or franchise agreement if it is not competitor or competitor affiliate; provided, however, that a lender affiliate will not be deemed a competitor simply due to its ownership of multiple or competing hotels or having engaged managers to manage such other hotels.
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Aventura Mall (Loan No. 16) The Mortgage Loan documents permit Mortgagor to enter into any “Property-Assessed Clean Energy” (PACE) loan or any other indebtedness which is incurred for improvements to the Mortgaged Property for the purpose of increasing energy efficiency, increasing use of renewable energy resources, resource conservation or any combination of the foregoing and is repaid through multi-year assessments against the Mortgaged Property, in an amount not to exceed $5,000,000 subject to Rating Agency Confirmation and the lender’s consent (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed). The lender has not received any request for approving PACE debt. Failure to make timely PACE loan payments could give rise to tax liens that are superior to the lien of the subject mortgage.

 

D-2-4 

 

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan
and Number as Identified
on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance 33 Dart Road (Loan No. 39) Single tenant (Cargill Meat Solutions Corporation) has a one-time option to purchase the subject property at its fair market value. Tenant must provide notice of its exercising the purchase option prior to January 2, 2028, and must close between May 26, 2029 and May 31, 2029. (The loan matures November 11, 2028, and is open to prepayment May 11, 2028.) If the parties cannot agree on a fair market value, a mutually acceptable third party appraiser shall determine which of borrower or tenant’s valuations is closest to value, and that shall be determinative.
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Safeway – Port Angeles (Loan No. 49) On and after October 31, 2021 for the duration of its lease term, Safeway (single tenant) has Right of First Refusal (ROFR) to purchase its related parcel if offer is received that borrower is otherwise willing to accept. The ROFR is not extinguished by foreclosure; however, the ROFR does not apply to foreclosure or deed in lieu thereof.
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Rochester Square Shopping Center (Loan No. 52) SBA Towers IX, LLC (cell tower tenant) has Right of First Refusal (ROFR) to purchase its related parcel if offer is received that borrower is otherwise willing to accept. The ROFR is not extinguished by foreclosure; however, the ROFR does not apply to foreclosure or deed in lieu thereof.
(18) Insurance Walgreens – Ginsberg Portfolio (Loan No. 3) Borrower’s obligation to provide required insurance (including property, rent loss, liability and terrorism coverage) is suspended if Walgreens elects to self-insure in accordance with its lease, and satisfies certain other conditions, including the tenant’s not being in default, tenant’s satisfaction of the net worth requirement set forth in its lease, if any, and tenant’s not being downgraded below S&P “BBB”.  The Franklin, MA lease provides that tenant may self-insure if its net worth exceeds $250,000,000. The Burlington, NC lease provides that tenant may self-insure if its net worth exceeds $100,000,000.   The Laredo, TX lease provides that tenant may self-insure if its net worth exceeds $200,000,000.  The Alexandria, VA lease provides that tenant may self-insure if its net worth exceeds $550,000,000.  Tenant has provided notice of its election to self-insure. The tenant has no rent abatement or termination remedies for any reason during the loan term. Further, in the event of a casualty, the tenant controls the disbursement of available casualty proceeds.  The Atlanta, GA lease does not provide that the borrower shall be an additional insured with respect to liability insurance; however, the loan documents provide for personal liability to the guarantor for losses related to any claim made against lender which would otherwise have been insured by either Walgreen’s self-insurance or a commercial general liability policy obtained by the borrower  until the Atlanta, GA lease provides that the borrower will be an additional insured with respect to liability insurance.
(18) Insurance Starwood Hotel Portfolio (Loan No. 6) The Mortgaged Property is security for four senior pari passu notes aggregating $265,000,000. The loan documents provide for a property insurance deductible up to $250,000. The in-place deductible is $25,000.

 

D-2-5 

 

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and
Number as Identified
on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(18) Insurance Aventura Mall (Loan No. 16) (i) Leased Fees.  The Bloomingdale’s, Macy’s, Macy’s Men’s & Home and Nordstrom pad sites are leased fees, where tenant or other non-borrower party constructed improvements and either maintains its own insurance or self-insures. Subject to applicable restoration obligations, casualty proceeds are payable to tenant or other non-borrower party and/or its leasehold mortgagee. (ii) Property Insurance Deductible. The loan documents permit a property insurance deductible of up to $250,000, or a greater amount if borrower provides lender with cash or a letter of credit in an amount equal to the difference between the actual deductible and $250,000. (iii) Insurer Ratings. The loan documents provide that the borrower may obtain a policy from an insurance company not satisfying the rating requirements set forth in the loan documents, provided that any such insurance company is subject to (A) the prior approval of the lender and (B) the lender’s receipt of a rating agency confirmation with respect to each such insurance carrier.
(18) Insurance 33 Dart Road (Loan No. 39) (i) Tenant Self-Insurance. Borrower’s obligation to provide required insurance (including property, rent loss, liability and terrorism coverage) is suspended if tenant (Cargill Meat Solutions Corporation) elects to self-insure or provide third party insurance in accordance with its lease, and satisfies certain other conditions, including the tenant’s not being in default, and Cargill, Incorporated’s not being downgraded below S&P “BBB or Moody’s”Baa3”. The lease permits the tenant to self-insure if the self-insured obligations are guaranteed by Cargill, Incorporated (currently S&P: “A”; Moody’s: “A2”), the lease guarantor.  The tenant has elected to self-insure as to property (including rent loss) and terrorism coverage. Third party liability insurance is in-place. (ii) Control over Disbursement of Available Casualty Proceeds. In the event of a partial casualty, the tenant is obligated to restore the premises at its own cost. Available insurance proceeds are deposited with an insurance proceeds trustee if restoration cost exceeds $500,000 (otherwise, casualty proceeds are deposited with tenant). There is no rent abatement following casualty. In the event of a substantial casualty rendering the leased premises economically unsuitable for continued use and occupancy as determined by tenant, tenant may elect to terminate the lease if, among other things, it offers to purchase the subject property at a price determined by the Stipulated Loss Value, which is defined as the sum of (A) $9,870,000 (plus any expansion allowance disbursed by landlord), plus 3% per year from September 28, 2017 (the date of the first amendment to the lease); (B) prepayment charges or defeasance-related costs and fees incurred in releasing the property from existing debt; and (C) the amount of any accrued but unpaid rent.

 

D-2-6 

 

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and
Number as Identified
on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(18) Insurance Safeway – Port Angeles (Loan No. 49) Tenant-Provided Third Party Insurance. Borrower’s obligation to provide required insurance (including property, rent loss, liability and terrorism coverage) is suspended if tenant (Safeway) provides third party insurance in accordance with its lease, and satisfies certain other conditions, including the lease’s being in full force and effect and tenant’s not being in default.  Lease-approved third party insurance permits insurers having a Best’s “A-: VII” rating, and does not stipulate maximum deductibles, among other things. The tenant’s in-place property insurance has a $1 million deductible, and its liability insurance has a $3 million SIR.  The loan documents provide that the guarantors have personal liability for losses related to Safeway’s inability to pay any such policy deductible. The lease further permits the tenant to self-insure, but in such event the loan documents require that the borrower provide required third party insurance. (ii) Control over Disbursement of Available Casualty Proceeds. Following a casualty, the tenant is obligated to restore the premises at its own cost. Available insurance proceeds are controlled by the tenant if lease guarantor (Albertsons Companies, LLC) maintains a credit rating of S&P “B-“/ Moody’s “B3” or better. Otherwise available proceeds are paid jointly to landlord and tenant to be administered by a mutually acceptable depository.  There is no rent abatement following casualty.
(28) Recourse Obligations All Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans (Loans Nos. 3, 6, 16, 24, 28, 35, 38, 39, 40, 43, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50 and 52) With respect to actions or events triggering recourse to the borrower or guarantor, the loan documents may provide additional qualifications or limitations, or recast the effect of a breach from springing recourse to a losses carve-out, in circumstances where, apart from identified bad acts of the borrower or guarantor, the property cash flow is inadequate for debt service or other required payments, the effect of the exercise of lender remedies restricts the borrower's access to adequate property cash flow for such purposes, inadequate property cash flow results in involuntary liens from other creditors, or there are lesser or time-limited violations of the triggering actions or events, including transfer violations that do not result in a property transfer or a change in control of the borrower,  related to the borrower's inadvertent failure to provide adequate notice or timely or complete information otherwise required by the loan documents, or otherwise obtain necessary prior approval therefor.

 

D-2-7 

 

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and
Number as Identified
on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(28) Recourse Obligations Aventura Mall (Loan No. 16) The Mortgaged Property is security for twenty-six senior pari passu notes and four subordinate notes aggregating $1,750,000,000. (i) Liability Cap. The liability of the guarantors for breaches or violations of the nonrecourse carve-out guaranty is capped at $350,000,000 in the aggregate, plus all reasonable, out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including, but not limited to, court costs and fees and reasonable attorney’s fees) incurred by the lender in connection with the enforcement of, or preservation of the lender’s rights under, the guaranty. (ii) Several (Not Joint) Liability. The guarantors for the Mortgage Loan are Simon Property Group, L.P., (the “Simon Guarantor”) and Jeffrey Stoffer and Jacquelyn Stoffer (the “Turnberry Guarantor”). The related guaranty provides that (i) the liability of the Simon Guarantor and the Turnberry Guarantor is on a several and not joint basis (although the constituent Turnberry Guarantors are jointly and severally liable inter se) and (ii) the Turnberry Guarantor is liable only for the acts or omissions of the Turnberry Guarantor and any party that controls or is controlled by the Turnberry Guarantor (a “Turnberry Guarantor Affiliate”) and the Simon Guarantor is liable only for the acts or omissions of the Simon Guarantor and any party that controls or is controlled by the Simon Guarantor (a “Simon Guarantor Affiliate”), except with respect to any guaranteed obligations that (A) are not attributable to any act or omission of a Turnberry Guarantor (or a Turnberry Guarantor Affiliate) or the Simon Guarantor (or a Simon Guarantor Affiliate) or (B) are attributable to an act or omission of both the Turnberry Guarantor (or a Turnberry Guarantor Affiliate) and the Simon Guarantor (or the Simon Guarantor Affiliate), liability is required to be allocated between the Turnberry Guarantor (66.67%) and the Simon Guarantor (33.33%).

 

D-2-8 

 

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and
Number as Identified
on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(29) Mortgage Releases Starwood Hotel Portfolio (Loan No. 6) The Mortgaged Property is security for four senior pari passu notes aggregating $265,000,000. Partial releases of an individual property are permitted either in connection with a partial defeasance or a partial prepayment with a yield maintenance-based premium (provided that the same method used for the first partial release following the prepayment lockout shall also be used for subsequent partial release) subject to certain conditions, including: (a) with respect to a partial release effected in connection with partial defeasance, (i) such partial release is following the defeasance lockout period, and (ii) a partial defeasance of a portion of the loan in an amount equal to greater of (1) (A) if less than 10% of the original principal balance has been prepaid after giving effect to the partial release, 105% of the allocated loan amount, (B) if more than 10% but less than or equal to 20% of the original principal balance has been prepaid after giving effect to the partial release, 110% of the allocated loan amount, and (C) thereafter, 115% of the allocated loan amount (provided, that, if the prepayment in connection with a partial release shall cause the aggregate amount of the loan which has been prepaid to exceed either threshold is (A) or (B), then the release price for that such partial release shall be the pro rata weighed average of the release price premiums listed in (A), (B) or (C) multiplied by the applicable allocated loan amount) (the “Release Price”), or (2) an amount that would result in the post-release debt yield for the remaining property being not less than greater of (1) the pre-release debt yield and (2) 10.81% (the “Release Debt Yield”); (b) with respect to a partial release effected in connection with a partial prepayment, (i) such partial release is after September 11, 2019, (ii) payment of the Release Price together with the applicable yield maintenance premium, and (iii) the post-release debt yield for the remaining property is not less than the Release Debt Yield (provided, that, the borrower satisfy the Release Debt Yield requirement by either (1) prepaying such amount needed to achieve the Release Debt Yield together with the applicable yield maintenance premium or (2) depositing cash into the cash collateral reserve or delivering a letter of credit in an amount that if applied as a prepayment would result in the Release Debt Yield being achieved); (c) with respect to any partial release, no event of default; and (d) with respect to any partial release, the individual property being released shall be conveyed either to (i) a bona fide third party, or (ii) a borrower affiliate if such conveyance is done on arms’ length terms and the borrower delivers to lender a new non-consolidation opinion, among other things.  The allocated loan amount for each property is subject to pro rata reduction to account for previous prepayments, including those in connection with partial releases or partial defeasance.  Notwithstanding the foregoing conditions, in the event there is a non-monetary event of default that relates to a specific individual property (the “Defaulted Property”) and the borrower has demonstrated that the borrower and the operating lessee have exercised commercially reasonable efforts to cure and such event of default is not the result or willful misconduct or bad faith actions, then the borrower shall be permitted to obtain a partial release of such Defaulted Property subject to all of the foregoing conditions except the requirements that (i) such partial release occur after the defeasance lockout period or prepayment lockout period (provided that the partial release may be obtained prior to the expiration of the prepayment lockout period by partial prepayment only); (ii) no event of default but only so long as the only continuing event of default shall be cured by virtue of the partial release, and (iii) if the individual property is being conveyed to a borrower affiliate that it be on arms’ length terms. The loan documents require that the borrower satisfy REMIC requirements in connection with any release of any portion of real property relating to the mortgaged property.

 

D-2-9 

 

 

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and
Number as Identified
on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(29) Mortgage Releases Aventura Mall (Loan No. 16) In the event that any of JCPenney, Macy’s Men’s Home Furnishings, Macy’s, Bloomingdale’s or Nordstrom (each or all, a “Department Store”) ceases operations or seeks to assign the applicable lease of any Department Store (each or all,  a “Department Store Lease”) to any party or in any manner that is not expressly permitted under any Department Store Lease, the borrower may, without the consent of the lender, (x) enter into a ground lease for the entirety of the parcel of the applicable Department Store (the “Department Store Ground Lease”) with a tenant that is a third-party or an affiliate of the Mortgagor and (y) obtain the release of the lien on the ground leasehold estate created by the Department Store Ground Lease, including the improvements on the applicable Department Store parcel from the lien of the mortgage, upon satisfaction of certain terms and conditions in the Mortgage Loan documents, including satisfaction of REMIC requirements, but without a requirement for such release to be accompanied by principal repayment of not less than a specified percentage at least equal to 110% of the related allocated loan amount of such portion of the Mortgaged Property.
(31) Acts of Terrorism Exclusion All Wells Fargo Bank Mortgage Loans (Loans Nos. 3, 6, 16, 24, 28, 35, 38, 39, 40, 43, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50 and 52) To the extent exceptions have been taken to the Insurance representation (#18) for failure to provide required insurance, such as self-insurance and leased fee situations, such exceptions also apply to the Acts of Terrorism representation.
(33) Single-Purpose Entity Aventura Mall (Loan No. 16) Borrower is a recycled single purpose entity that previously owned property other than the mortgaged property.  In conjunction with a 2013 financing from the current co-originators, borrower conveyed an unimproved portion of the original property (such unimproved portion, the “Carpenter Parcel”) to an affiliate.    The Phase I environmental site assessment obtained in connection with the 2013 financing included the Carpenter Parcel, and no recognized environmental conditions were identified with respect thereto.
(34) Defeasance Aventura Mall (Loan No. 16) The loan documents require the borrower to pay for all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses incurred in connection with a defeasance (including rating agency fees and reasonable attorneys’ fees), but accountants’ fees are not expressly enumerated in the related provision). The loan documents provide that any servicing fees will be limited to a maximum amount of $10,000.
(43) Environmental Conditions

Paso Robles Self Storage (Loan No. 47)

Cartwright Pointe Plaza (Loan No. 48)

Safeway – Port Angeles (Loan No. 49)

2011 & 2015 Abrams Road (Loan No. 50)

In lieu of obtaining a Phase I environmental site assessment, the lender obtained a $4,250,000 group lender environmental collateral protection and liability-type environmental insurance policy with $4,250,000 sublimit per claim from Steadfast Insurance Company, a member company of Zurich North America with a 10 year term (equal to the loan term) and a 3 year policy tail and having no deductible. The policy premium was pre-paid at closing.  Zurich North America has an S&P rating of “AA-”.

 

D-2-10 

 

Barclays Bank PLC
Rep. No. on Annex
D-1
Mortgage Loan
and Number as
Identified on
Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Christiana Mall (Loan No. 8) Target has an option to purchase its leased premises at the Mortgaged Property from the Mortgagor at any time during the term of its lease for fair market value.  If the tenant exercises its purchase option, the tenant will still be obligated to pay the common area maintenance contributions to the Mortgagor for the remaining term of the lease.
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Liberty Portfolio (Loan No. 25) With respect to the Liberty Center at Rio Salado Mortgaged Property, that certain Patent issued by the United States of America Bureau of Land Management, recorded in the Recorder’s Office of Maricopa County, Arizona, on June 26, 1997, as Instrument No. 97-0432433 (the “Tempe Patent”) prohibits residential use of the Mortgaged Property. If such residential use covenant is breached, title to the Mortgaged Property automatically reverts to the United States federal government. The Mortgaged Property is currently used as an office property and the use cannot be changed without the lender’s consent. The Mortgage Loan is fully recourse to the Mortgagor and the guarantor for any forfeiture, reverter, revestment or divestment of all or any portion of the Mortgaged Property pursuant to the Tempe Patent (including, without limitation, a violation of the residential use covenant).
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance 1400 Flat Gap Road (Loan No. 30) The sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property has an option to purchase the Mortgaged Property from the Mortgagor upon 180 days’ written notice for $14,000,000 (which is in excess of the original principal balance of the Mortgage Loan) on September 30, 2025, which is less than two months prior to the maturity date of the Mortgage Loan.
(18) Insurance Christiana Mall (Loan No. 8) The Mortgage Loan documents permit a property insurance deductible of up to $500,000, with the exception of flood, windstorm and earthquake, which may have a deductible of up to 5% of the total insured value.
(18) Insurance Liberty Portfolio (Loan No. 25)

The Mortgage Loan documents require loss of rents and/or business interruption insurance coverage for a period continuing until the restoration of the applicable Mortgaged Property is complete or the expiration of eighteen (18) months. The insurance coverage must provide an extended period of indemnity endorsement, which provides that after the physical loss to the applicable Mortgaged Property has been repaired, the continued loss of income will be insured until such income either returns to the same level it was at prior to the loss, or the expiration of six (6) months from the date that the applicable Mortgaged Property is repaired or replaced and operations are resumed, whichever first occurs.

The Mortgage Loan documents permit the Mortgagor to maintain (or cause to be maintained) insurance policies which (i) have coverages, deductibles and/or other related provisions other than those specified in the Mortgage Loan documents and/or (ii) are provided by insurance companies not meeting the credit ratings requirements set forth in the Mortgage Loan documents; provided that, prior to obtaining such non-conforming policy, the Mortgagor has received (A) the lender’s prior written consent thereto and, (B) a rating agency confirmation with respect to any such non-conforming policy. The lender may deny its consent to any non-conforming policy regardless of whether or not the lender has consented to the same on any prior occasion.

 

D-2-11 

 

 

Barclays Bank PLC
Rep. No. on Annex
D-1
Mortgage Loan
and Number as
Identified on
Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(18) Insurance Fair Oaks Mall (Loan No. 31)

The Mortgage Loan documents provide that the threshold at or above which the lender has the right to hold and disburse insurance proceeds in respect of a casualty loss is 5% of the original principal balance of the Mortgage Loan, rather than 5% of the then outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan.

The Mortgage Loan documents permit a property insurance deductible of up to $250,000, with the exception of windstorm and earthquake, which may have a deductible of up to 5% of the total insured value.

The Mortgage Loan documents require loss of rents and/or business interruption insurance coverage on an actual loss sustained basis, not limited to time. The insurance coverage must provide an extended period of indemnity endorsement, which provides that after the physical loss to the Mortgaged Property has been repaired, the continued loss of income will be insured until such income either returns to the same level it was at prior to the loss, or the expiration of 12 months from the date that the Mortgaged Property is repaired or replaced and operations are resumed, whichever first occurs.

(19) Access Utilities; Separate Tax Parcels Liberty Portfolio (Loan No. 25) As of the closing date of the Mortgage Loan, the Mortgaged Property is assessed and taxed together with a parcel that is not part of the Mortgaged Property (the “Excluded Parcel”) (as described in the Mortgage Loan documents).  The Mortgagor represented that all documentation necessary to effectuate the creation of the Mortgaged Property as a separate tax parcel has been submitted to and/or filed with the applicable governmental authority.  The Mortgagor also represented in the Mortgage Loan documents that the Mortgagor’s predecessor-in-interest is required to pay to the Mortgagor all real estate taxes with respect to the Excluded Parcel to the extent that such real estate taxes relate to the period prior to the creation of the separate tax lot.  Additionally, prior to the creation of the separate tax lot, the Mortgagor is required to deliver to lender reasonably satisfactory evidence that any taxes due with respect to the Excluded Parcel have been paid. If this does not occur, the lender may require in its reasonable discretion that the Mortgagor escrow for the taxes related to the Excluded Parcel.
(27) Licenses and Permits Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio (Loan No. 20) The Mortgagors have not yet obtained a permanent liquor license for the related Mortgaged Properties. The Mortgagors have both entered into those certain Interim Beverage Management Agreements, dated August 31, 2018 (the “Agreements”), with the current holder of that certain ABC License (the “License”) issued by the Virginia Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control (the “Licensee”).  Pursuant to the Agreements, the Licensee appointed the Mortgagors as the sole and interim manager of the License.  Additionally, in the event of a foreclosure, conveyance in lieu of a foreclosure or another similar event, the Licensee will provide such reasonable assistance and cooperation to any person who succeeds to all or any portion of the interest in the Mortgaged Properties, including the lender, to transfer the License to such person.  Further, each Mortgagor makes representations in the Mortgage Loan documents that it will keep and maintain all licenses necessary for the operation of the

 

D-2-12 

 

 

Barclays Bank PLC
Rep. No. on Annex
D-1
Mortgage Loan
and Number as
Identified on
Annex A-1
Description of Exception
    Mortgaged Properties as a hotel.
(28) Recourse Obligations Christiana Mall (Loan No. 8)

The Mortgage Loan documents are recourse to the Mortgagor for losses in connection with any transfer (excluding the permitted transfers) of any portion of the Mortgaged Property, except to the extent expressly permitted by the Mortgage Loan documents.

The related guaranty provides that the liability of the nonrecourse carve-out guarantor for breaches or violations of the full recourse provisions related to bankruptcy or insolvency actions under the Mortgage Loan documents are capped at 20.0% of the outstanding principal balance of the whole loan at the time of the occurrence of such action.

(28) Recourse Obligations Home Depot Technology Center (Loan No. 21)

The Mortgage Loan documents provide that prior to making any claim against the Mortgagor or the guarantor for losses in connection with any breach of the environmental covenants, the lender must first make a demand for payment under the related environmental insurance policy; provided, that in no event is the lender’s recovery under the Mortgage Loan documents with respect to such losses limited to the amount of insurance proceeds payable pursuant to the environmental insurance policy.

The Mortgage Loan documents are fully recourse to the Mortgagor and the guarantor in connection with violations of the transfer covenants; provided, however, the Mortgage Loan documents are recourse to the Mortgagor and the guarantor for losses if the violation results solely from a failure to provide any required notice, a non-consolidation opinion, any other deliverables (including payment of fees) or copies of instruments and/or organizational documents related to such transfer, and but for the failure to provide such items, such transfer would otherwise be a permitted transfer. Additionally, no such liability will arise if the Mortgagor provides such notice, non-consolidation opinion or other deliverables (including payment of fees) or copies of instruments and/or organizational documents within ten (10) business days after the lender’s written request therefor.

(28) Recourse Obligations Liberty Portfolio (Loan No. 25) The Mortgage Loan is recourse to the Mortgagor and guarantor for losses associated with any intentional material physical waste at the Mortgaged Property by the Mortgagor, except to the extent caused solely by the failure to pay the Operating Expenses (as defined in the Mortgage Loan documents) and not by any direct action of the Mortgagor and either (A) during the six (6) month period preceding the failure to pay, there were insufficient revenues from the Mortgaged Property available to Mortgagor to pay the Operating Expenses or (B) each of the following conditions are satisfied (x) sufficient operating expense funds were on deposit in the operating expense account to pay the applicable Operating Expenses, and (y) the Mortgagor satisfied all of the requirements pursuant to the Mortgage Loan documents to receive a disbursement of the operating expense funds to pay for such Operating Expenses and the lender failed to make the operating expense funds available for payment of the applicable Operating Expense.
(33) Single-Purpose Miami Industrial Portfolio (Loan No. The Mortgagor is comprised of six recycled Single-Purpose Entities as tenants-in-common.  One of the owners of one of

 

D-2-13 

 

 

Barclays Bank PLC
Rep. No. on Annex
D-1
Mortgage Loan
and Number as
Identified on
Annex A-1
Description of Exception
Entity 1) the six Mortgagor entities previously owned other property that is not the same as the collateral for the Mortgage Loan.  The Mortgage Loan documents are recourse for any direct loss by the lender attributable to the Mortgagor's ownership of the other prior owned property (including, but not limited to, any environmental liabilities thereunder).
(33) Single-Purpose Entity Fair Oaks Mall (Loan No. 31) The Mortgagor is a recycled Single-Purpose Entity that previously owned parcels of land other than the Mortgaged Property.  The related Mortgagor provided Phase I environmental reports with respect to the previously owned parcels of land, and made standard representations and warranties, including backwards representations and warranties where required to complete coverage. The recourse carve-out guaranty includes coverage with respect to violations of such Single-Purpose Entity representations and warranties, and the environmental indemnification agreement includes indemnification for environmental liabilities arising from the previously owned property.
(36) Ground Lease Christiana Mall (Loan No. 8) A portion of the Mortgaged Property is improved by a surface parking lot, which is comprised of the Mortgagor’s leasehold interest pursuant to a ground lease between the Mortgagor, as the ground lessee, and Macy’s, as the ground lessor.  The surface parking lot provides 478 parking spaces for the Mortgaged Property, out of a total of 6,626 parking spaces at the Mortgaged Property.  Pursuant to the related zoning report, the applicable zoning codes require the Mortgaged Property to provide 5,024 parking spaces.  The ground lease does not require the Mortgagee to pay any monthly or annual rent.  The related ground lease does not comply with clauses (B), (C), (D), (E), (F), (G), (I), (J), (K) or (L) of Representation and Warranty No. 36.
(36) Ground Lease Virginia Beach Hotel Portfolio (Loan No. 20)

The Mortgagor has a leasehold interest which covers approximately 26,000 square feet of retail space and 58 parking spaces at the Mortgaged Property. The current underwritten net rental revenue for the retail space represents approximately 1.5% of the total underwritten revenue of the portfolio.

(C) The leasehold interest expires on June 30, 2030, which is less than 20 years from the stated maturity date of the Mortgage Loan.

(36) Ground Lease Liberty Portfolio (Loan No. 25) (C) The Mortgagor owns a leasehold interest in a portion of the Mortgaged Property (the real property commonly known as 1850, 1870, 1910 and 1930 West Rio Salado Parkway, Tempe, AZ 85281) pursuant to Leases from the City of Tempe (collectively, the “GPLET Leases”) as part of Arizona’s Government Property Lease Excise Tax program.  Each of the GPLET Leases will expire during the term of the loan. However, the GPLET Leases expressly provide that on the last day of their term, or upon any termination of such GPLET Lease, title to the leased premises will automatically vest in the tenant (the Mortgagor).  The deed of trust will automatically cover the Mortgagor’s fee interest in the leased premises upon expiration or termination of the GPLET Leases.

 

D-2-14 

 

 

Basis Real Estate Capital II, LLC

Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and Number
as Identified on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(12) Condition of Property H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio (Loan No. 17) The engineering reports for the related Mortgaged Properties are dated October 6, 2017, which is more than 12 months prior to the Cut-off Date.
(18) Insurance All Basis Mortgage Loans (Loans Nos. 10, 11, 15, 17, 33, 36 and 51) The insurance companies are required to have claims paying ability/financial strength rating of “A” (or its equivalent) or better by at least two rating agencies (S&P and Moody’s), or if only one rating agency is rating the securities, then only by such rating agency.
(26) Local Law Compliance H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio (Loan No. 17) The current use of the H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio – JI Case Lofts Mortgaged Property is legally non-conforming due to not meeting certain special conditions relating to lot area requirements. In the event of destruction of Mortgaged Property due to casualty, the building may be restored, if the cost of restoration is less than 50 percent of the pre-casualty fair market value. If damage is more than 50 percent, it may not be restored, except in conformity with provisions of the district in which it is located. The mortgagor provided law and ordinance insurance and the Loan Documents provide recourse for losses for failure to rebuild, replace or restore the improvements at the Mortgaged Property in compliance with legal requirements following a casualty.
(28) Recourse Obligations All Basis Mortgage Loans (Loans Nos. 10, 11, 15, 17, 33, 36 and 51) The Mortgage Loan documents provide for recourse in connection with material misrepresentation rather than intentional material misrepresentation.
(28) Recourse Obligations H Inc. Multifamily Portfolio (Loan No. 17) The carveout for section (a) (i) is for acting in concert with, colluding, or conspiring with any party to cause the filing of any involuntary bankruptcy or other involuntary proceeding, and does not specifically state consenting to or acquiescing in a bankruptcy filing, or soliciting or causing to be solicited petitioning creditors.

 

D-2-15 

 

BSPRT CMBS Finance, LLC
Rep. No. on
Annex D-1
Mortgage Loan and Number
as Identified on Annex A-1
Description of Exception
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Prudential - Digital Realty Portfolio (Loan No. 12) With respect to (i) the 7505 Mason King Court Mortgaged Property and the 43790 Devin Shafron Drive Mortgaged Property, the sole tenant at the related Mortgaged Properties, VADATA, has a right of first offer (“ROFO”) to purchase either Mortgaged Property at which it is a tenant if the related Mortgagor markets any portion of such Mortgaged Property for sale. VADATA’s ROFO does not apply to foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, but does apply to a subsequent sale; (ii) the 21551 Beaumeade Mortgaged Property, the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, Equinix, has a ROFO to purchase the related Mortgaged Property if the Mortgagor markets such property for sale. Equinix ROFO does not apply to foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, but does apply to a subsequent sale; and (iii) the 636 Pierce Street Mortgaged Property, the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, BNY Mellon, has a right of first refusal (“ROFR”) to purchase the related Mortgaged Property if the Mortgagor receives an offer it is otherwise prepared to accept. The BNY Mellon’s ROFR does not apply to foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure, but does apply to a subsequent sale.
(8) Permitted Liens; Title Insurance Walgreens - Georgetown, TX (Loan No. 46) The sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, Walgreen Co., has a right of first refusal to purchase the related Mortgaged Property in the event of a proposal sale of such Mortgaged Property to an unaffiliated, third party purchaser.  Each right of first refusal has been subordinated to the Mortgage Loan documents and does not apply to a transfer in connection with a foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure.
(18) Insurance Walgreens - Georgetown, TX (Loan No. 46) The Mortgage Loan documents permit the Mortgagor to rely on the insurance (or self-insurance) maintained by the sole tenant at the Mortgaged Property, Walgreen Co., provided, among other conditions, (i) such insurance meets the requirements in the Mortgage Loan documents, (ii) no event of default has occurred and is continuing under the related lease and (iii) the tenant remains fully liable for the obligations and liabilities under the related lease and (iv) the tenant maintains a rating of at least “BBB” from S&P.

 

D-2-16 

 

ANNEX E

CLASS A-SB PLANNED PRINCIPAL BALANCE SCHEDULE

Distribution Date

Class A-SB Planned Principal Balance ($)

January 2019 32,713,000.00
February 2019 32,713,000.00
March 2019 32,713,000.00
April 2019 32,713,000.00
May 2019 32,713,000.00
June 2019 32,713,000.00
July 2019 32,713,000.00
August 2019 32,713,000.00
September 2019 32,713,000.00
October 2019 32,713,000.00
November 2019 32,713,000.00
December 2019 32,713,000.00
January 2020 32,713,000.00
February 2020 32,713,000.00
March 2020 32,713,000.00
April 2020 32,713,000.00
May 2020 32,713,000.00
June 2020 32,713,000.00
July 2020 32,713,000.00
August 2020 32,713,000.00
September 2020 32,713,000.00
October 2020 32,713,000.00
November 2020 32,713,000.00
December 2020 32,713,000.00
January 2021 32,713,000.00
February 2021 32,713,000.00
March 2021 32,713,000.00
April 2021 32,713,000.00
May 2021 32,713,000.00
June 2021 32,713,000.00
July 2021 32,713,000.00
August 2021 32,713,000.00
September 2021 32,713,000.00
October 2021 32,713,000.00
November 2021 32,713,000.00
December 2021 32,713,000.00
January 2022 32,713,000.00
February 2022 32,713,000.00
March 2022 32,713,000.00
April 2022 32,713,000.00
May 2022 32,713,000.00
June 2022 32,713,000.00
July 2022 32,713,000.00
August 2022 32,713,000.00
September 2022 32,713,000.00
October 2022 32,713,000.00
November 2022 32,713,000.00
December 2022 32,713,000.00
January 2023 32,713,000.00
February 2023 32,713,000.00
March 2023 32,713,000.00
April 2023 32,713,000.00
May 2023 32,713,000.00
June 2023 32,713,000.00
July 2023 32,713,000.00
August 2023 32,713,000.00

Distribution Date

Class A-SB Planned Principal Balance ($)

September 2023 32,713,000.00
October 2023 32,712,570.05
November 2023 32,309,828.29
December 2023 31,830,144.65
January 2024 31,350,690.88
February 2024 30,869,023.37
March 2024 30,281,983.29
April 2024 29,795,378.95
May 2024 29,255,113.46
June 2024 28,763,766.49
July 2024 28,218,890.11
August 2024 27,691,195.53
September 2024 27,161,065.14
October 2024 26,573,810.87
November 2024 26,038,521.50
December 2024 25,409,570.39
January 2025 24,836,467.90
February 2025 24,260,730.13
March 2025 23,506,911.61
April 2025 22,925,057.61
May 2025 22,282,248.42
June 2025 21,694,762.01
July 2025 21,046,476.96
August 2025 20,453,306.94
September 2025 19,857,409.11
October 2025 19,200,946.47
November 2025 18,598,866.08
December 2025 17,952,211.32
January 2026 17,358,874.01
February 2026 16,762,805.11
March 2026 15,995,924.36
April 2026 15,393,578.34
May 2026 14,732,640.01
June 2026 14,124,477.10
July 2026 13,457,883.54
August 2026 12,843,850.78
September 2026 12,226,990.91
October 2026 11,551,942.10
November 2026 10,929,133.22
December 2026 10,248,300.73
January 2027 9,619,488.70
February 2027 8,987,781.34
March 2027 8,188,562.44
April 2027 7,550,264.21
May 2027 6,854,372.83
June 2027 6,209,930.44
July 2027 5,508,065.65
August 2027 4,857,423.15
September 2027 4,203,784.55
October 2027 3,492,979.14
November 2027 2,833,056.73
December 2027 2,116,142.13
January 2028 1,449,878.70
February 2028     780,547.06
March 2028           836.41
April 2028 and thereafter              0.00


 

E-1 

 

 

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No dealer, salesman or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date.

  

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Summary of Certificates 3
Important Notice Regarding the Offered Certificates 17
Important Notice About Information Presented in this Prospectus 18
Summary of Terms 25
Risk Factors 60
Description of the Mortgage Pool 148
Transaction Parties 257
Credit Risk Retention 321
Description of the Certificates 335
Description of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements 378
Pooling and Servicing Agreement 388
Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans 513
Certain Affiliations, Relationships and Related Transactions Involving Transaction Parties 533
Pending Legal Proceedings Involving Transaction Parties 536
Use of Proceeds 536
Yield and Maturity Considerations 536
Material Federal Income Tax Considerations 550
Certain State and Local Tax Considerations 564
Method of Distribution (Underwriter) 564
Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference 568
Where You Can Find More Information 568
Financial Information 569
Certain ERISA Considerations 569
Legal Investment 574
Legal Matters 575
Ratings 575
Index of Defined Terms 578

 

Dealers will be required to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters of these certificates and with respect to unsold allotments or subscriptions. In addition, all dealers selling these certificates will deliver a prospectus until the date that is ninety days from the date of this prospectus.

 

$722,395,000
(Approximate)

 

Wells Fargo
Commercial Mortgage
Securities, Inc.
Depositor

 

Wells Fargo
Commercial Mortgage
Trust 2018-C48
Issuing Entity

 

Commercial Mortgage
Pass-Through Certificates,
Series 2018-C48

 

Class A-1  $18,490,000 
Class A-2  $36,431,000 
Class A-3  $23,767,000 
Class A-SB  $32,713,000 
Class A-4  $100,000,000- 
    230,000,000 
Class A-5  $242,352,000- 
    372,352,000 
Class X-A  $583,753,000 
Class X-B  $138,642,000 
Class A-S  $59,418,000 
Class B  $40,654,000 
Class C  $38,570,000 

  

 

 

PROSPECTUS

 

 

 

Wells Fargo Securities
Co-Lead Manager and Joint Bookrunner

 

Barclays
Co-Lead Manager and Joint Bookrunner

 

Academy Securities, Inc. 

Co-Manager

 

Drexel Hamilton 

Co-Manager

 

December [_], 2018

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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