10-K 1 plx_body10k.htm PLX TECHNOLOGY, INC. FORM 10-K PLX Technology, Inc. Form 10-K


 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-K
 
(MARK ONE)
 
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
 
OR
 
[   ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ___________ TO _____________
 
Commission file number 0-25699
 
 
 
PLX Technology, Inc.
 
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
 
  Delaware
94-3008334
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
 
870 Maude Avenue
Sunnyvale, California  94085
(408) 774-9060
 
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
 Title of Each Class:
 Name of Each Exchange on which Registered
 Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
 The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes [ ] No [X].
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes [ ] No [X]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [  ]
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K, or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  [X]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check One):
Large accelerated filer [ ]   Accelerated filer [X]    Non-accelerated filer [ ]
 
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [ ] No [X] 
 
      The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based upon the closing sale price of the registrant's common stock on June 30, 2006, as reported on The Nasdaq National Market, was approximately $180,846,016. Shares of common stock held by each executive officer and director and by each person who to the registrant's knowledge owns 5% or more of the outstanding voting stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
 
The number of shares of common stock outstanding at February 22, 2007 was 28,653,513. 
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
 
PART III OF THIS REPORT ON FORM 10-K INCORPORATES INFORMATION BY REFERENCE FROM THE REGISTRANT'S PROXY STATEMENT FOR ITS 2007 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS - ITEMS 10, 11, 12, 13 AND 14.
 


 
PLX Technology, Inc.
 
INDEX TO
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006
 
     
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Overview 
 
PLX Technology, Inc. ("PLX" or the "Company"), a Delaware corporation established in May 1986, develops and supplies semiconductor devices that accelerate and manage the transfer of data in microprocessor-based systems including networking and telecommunications, enterprise storage, servers, personal computers (PCs), PC peripherals, consumer electronics, imaging and industrial products. We offer a complete solution consisting of three related types of products: semiconductor devices, software development kits and hardware design kits. Our semiconductor devices manage fast and reliable transfer of data in microprocessor based systems. Our software development kits and hardware design kits promote sales of our semiconductor devices by lowering customers' development costs and by accelerating their ability to bring new products to market.
 
In the last decade, demand for communications, storage, servers, imaging, PCs, consumer electronics and other products that transmit, store and process information rapidly has increased due to:
 
·  
growth of the Internet,
·  
deployment of high-speed networking, and
·  
proliferation of multimedia.
 
Suppliers of these products seek to reduce product development time and to use their scarce engineering resources more efficiently. Until the mid 90’s, these suppliers typically developed their own system components and the connections between the components. Now, however, they are increasingly building their equipment based on industry standard connection methods and purchasing components supplied by other companies that comply with these standards. By doing so, they reduce the time and resources required for product development. Consequently, there is a growing demand for standards-based components that connect systems together, such as our semiconductor devices. The majority of products we ship today are based on three interconnect standards that are widely used in our markets: Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), Universal Serial Bus (USB) and PCI Express. PLX is an active member of many of the trade associations that define current and future interconnect standards including PCI™, CompactPCI®, PCI-X®, PCI Express™, USB and HyperTransport™.
 
Our objective is to expand our advantages in data transfer technology by:
 
·  
focusing on high-growth markets,
·  
delivering comprehensive solutions, including semiconductor devices, software development kits and hardware design kits,
·  
extending our technology advantages by incorporating new functions and technologies,
·  
driving industry standards, and
·  
strengthening and expanding our industry relationships.
 
Our headquarters are located at 870 Maude Avenue, Sunnyvale, California 94085. The telephone number is (408) 774-9060. Additional information about PLX is available on our website at http://www.plxtech.com. Information contained in the website is not part of this report.
 
Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports, and the Proxy Statement for our Annual Meeting of Stockholders are made available, free of charge, on our website, http://www.plxtech.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after the reports have been filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
 
Industry Background 
 
Microprocessor-based systems are found in many common products and offer varying levels of performance depending on each product's requirements. These products range from low performance devices such as electronic toys and kitchen appliances to complex, high-performance electronic equipment such as network routers and switches. High-performance microprocessor-based systems offer increased data processing capabilities and typically utilize one or more 32-bit or 64-bit microprocessors, fast memories and peripherals, and sophisticated operating systems and software applications.
 
The growth of the communications infrastructure has increased the demand for high performance microprocessor-based systems. This demand has been fueled by the growth of the Internet; the deployment of high-speed networking systems to transmit, store, and process data; and the proliferation of data types in the network, including voice traffic and multimedia.
 
Markets for electronic equipment that rely on high-performance microprocessor-based systems include the following:
 
·  
Networking and Telecommunications. Networking and telecommunications applications include digital telephony, multimedia gateways, wireless base stations, remote access concentrators, routers, switches and cable modem equipment. This market segment has grown rapidly due to the rise of the Internet and the proliferation of high bandwidth communication technologies such as Gigabit and 10 Gigabit Ethernet, Asynchronous Transfer Mode, or ATM, cable modems, Digital Subscriber Line, or xDSL, Voice-over-IP, or VoIP and wireless communications protocols.
 
·  
Enterprise Storage. Enterprise storage applications include disk storage systems in both Network Attached Storage (NAS) and Storage Area Networks (SAN) and storage host bus adapters. The growing use of multimedia applications and storage networks is driving demand for increased data storage capacity.
 
·  
Servers. Data transfer rates through servers have increased because of their higher processing power and the greater data-handling workload caused by broad internet usage and the need to process high data-content material such as video files and complex applications.
 
·  
Imaging. Imaging applications include printers, copiers, medical instrumentation and video and graphics equipment. The popularity of digital photography and video, the demand for better image quality and higher performance, increasing demand for video surveillance security equipment, as well as connection of these applications to high-speed networks, have increased their data processing requirements.
 
·  
Industrial. Industrial applications include a wide range of process control computers and factory automation equipment. These products have high data transfer rate requirements, are used to monitor and control complex processes in real-time and are being increasingly attached to networks.
 
·  
PC Peripherals and Consumer Electronics. PC peripheral applications include graphics adapters, TV tuners and communication peripherals. Examples for consumer electronics applications include portable media players, digital camcorders, set top boxes, wireless LAN adapters, printers, and TV tuners for PCs. These products are increasingly using high speed connection standards for data transfers.
 
Manufacturers of products that rely on high-performance microprocessor-based systems seek to maximize the performance and minimize the cost of their increasingly complex products. In addition, these manufacturers must develop and bring new products to market quickly to keep pace with technological advancements.
 
The I/O Subsystem 
 
A typical computer system can be described in terms of four primary functions: the host microprocessor, the memory, the peripherals and the input/output, or I/O, subsystem. The host microprocessor is the primary control center for the system. The memory acts as a storage area for instructions to be executed and data to be processed. The peripherals enable connections between the system and other external devices such as network components, printers and storage systems. The I/O subsystem is the interconnect circuitry and software that connects these three other functions and allows for the transfer of instructions and data among these functions. The I/O subsystem may also connect the system to the outside world. The I/O subsystem includes the system bus or switch fabric, which is a physical connection between these different functions.
 
To enable increased performance and functionality from computer systems, semiconductor suppliers have historically focused on improving the operation of peripherals, microprocessors and memories. The interconnect silicon in the I/O subsystem must also improve to keep pace with these improvements by transferring more information efficiently and at faster speeds.
 
In parallel with the increased performance demands of customers and their data traffic, the reliability of these systems is under constant pressure to improve. This is especially true as the networking and telecommunications disciplines merge through use of the Internet to carry all types of traffic. Highly available systems are required to meet the expectations of customers.
 
As data transfer and reliability requirements for the I/O subsystem have increased, so has the complexity of its interface logic and related software. Until the mid 90’s, most microprocessor-based systems used simple I/O subsystems that contained limited logic and rudimentary software, if any. Complex I/O subsystem components such as processors, elaborate control logic and advanced software were costly, and therefore their use was confined to very high-end equipment such as mainframe computers. Furthermore, the lack of widely accepted I/O standards impeded the use of complex I/O subsystems in other than high-end applications. However, advances in semiconductor technology combined with the widespread adoption of standards in microprocessor-based systems have enabled the development of highly integrated semiconductor devices that can better manage I/O subsystem performance at lower cost.
 
Penetration of I/O Standards in Systems 
 
Until the mid 90’s, microprocessor-based systems manufacturers relied on a wide variety of proprietary solutions and a fragmented set of industry standard I/O architectures. For example, many networking, imaging, storage and industrial applications employed proprietary architectures to meet their specific performance and cost requirements. A mix of standard buses such as VMEbus, Multibus and ISA was used in some industrial, telecommunications and military applications. Software was even more fragmented with many proprietary and application specific software architectures in use. While developers could take advantage of many standard microprocessor, memory and peripheral components supplied by external vendors, the lack of acceptable I/O standards forced many to develop custom I/O subsystems internally, placing a heavy demand on development resources.
 
The deployment of the PCI standard was one of the catalysts for the widespread adoption of I/O standards in microprocessor-based systems. In the early 1990s, PC and server manufacturers developed PCI, a new standard hardware architecture to connect the major components of their systems at high speed. It offered up to a one hundred times improvement in I/O data transfer rates over the previous architectures. By the mid-1990s, PCI became the most widely used bus architecture in the PC market. Consequently, many suppliers of peripheral semiconductor components used in PCs adopted PCI as the standard system interface. In addition to penetrating the PC and server market, PCI gained popularity as a standard I/O architecture for many other high-performance microprocessor-based systems because it allows the use of low cost and state-of-the-art peripheral semiconductor components developed for the PC market and provides a foundation for system interoperability. PCI also offers equivalent or superior performance to the in-house developed standards of many electronic equipment suppliers. Furthermore, the use of PCI enables faster time to market, lower development cost and the ability to quickly integrate new I/O components.
 
By the late 90’s, PCI became established as a major “in-the-box” interconnect for connecting components within a system.
 
Also in the late 90’s USB emerged as a major “box-to-box” interconnect for connecting PCs to PC peripherals and consumer electronics devices. Prior to USB, a diverse collection of proprietary and industry standard connections, such as serial port, parallel port and SCSI (Small Computer Serial Interface) were used to connect PCs to peripherals such as printers and external storage devices and to consumer electronic devices such as cell phones, digital cameras and portable media players. USB provides a single standard connection that allows PCs to connect to peripherals and consumer electronics devices made by different manufacturers.
 
In 2001 and 2002, the PCI Express standard was developed as a higher-performance upgrade to the widely-deployed PCI standard. Many builders of microprocessor-based systems need the improved performance of PCI Express to ensure that the I/O subsystem data transfer capacity keeps pace with the increasing performance of the surrounding processors and peripheral devices. In addition to higher data throughput, PCI Express enables more devices to be connected and improves system management. Although PCI Express, which is a switched-serial architecture, is different in terms of hardware than PCI, a parallel bus architecture, it is software compatible with PCI. This software compatibility attribute makes the task of upgrading PCI systems to take advantage of PCI Express’s performance advantages relatively simple and inexpensive. Consequently, PCI Express has gained rapid acceptance as an architecture for high performance microprocessor-based systems. In 2006, many of the PCs, PC peripherals and servers shipped utilized PCI Express architecture and many storage, communications and embedded systems were starting a transition to PCI Express architecture.
 
Need for Standard I/O Interconnect Products and Comprehensive I/O Solutions 
 
Even with standard I/O specifications, design teams must still create the circuitry and related software that implement these specifications. Designers must also update their I/O subsystems to include frequent improvements in these specifications.
 
Instead of developing all the hardware and software technology internally, system developers seek to focus their scarce engineering resources on the proprietary features of their products. By using standard semiconductor devices in the I/O subsystem instead of custom-designed devices they are able to implement the basic framework of the system more easily and thereby reduce the I/O subsystem design effort resulting in faster time-to-market and lower development cost. Standard products allow the design teams to concentrate their efforts on differentiating hardware and software features. In addition to standard interconnect semiconductor devices, system designers can benefit from several other design elements, such as data control software, hardware design kits and third-party development tools to complete their development work in a timely manner. These additional elements simplify development and improve time to market. They provide design teams with proven hardware and software design examples and the tools to adapt these examples to their needs.
 
Due to the availability and adoption of I/O standards by developers of microprocessor-based systems, servers and PC’s, there is now a large demand for I/O subsystem components based on these standards.
 
The PLX Solution 
 
PLX develops and supplies interconnect semiconductor devices and supporting hardware and software platforms that accelerate and manage the transfer of data in high-performance microprocessor-based systems.
 
Our solution consists of three related products:
 
·  
interconnect semiconductor devices,
·  
software development kits which assist in developing systems that incorporate our semiconductor devices, and
·  
hardware design kits that allow development of a system using our semiconductor devices and software development kits.
 
Development tools provided by third parties support these three related products. Our products are designed for use in a variety of applications including networking and telecommunications, enterprise storage, servers, embedded control, PC peripheral and consumer electronics. Our chips are highly integrated, cost-effective semiconductor devices that optimize the flow of data and simplify the development of high-performance I/O subsystems. Our software development kits and hardware design kits promote sales of our semiconductor devices by lowering customers' development costs and allowing them to bring new products to market more quickly.
 
PLX products shipping today provide I/O connectivity solutions mainly for the PCI, PCI-X, PCI Express and USB standards. As new I/O standards evolve, we expect to support them where appropriate. More than 1,000 electronic equipment manufacturers use PLX semiconductor devices in a wide variety of applications.

Strategy 
 
Our objective is to continue to expand our market position as a developer and supplier of I/O connectivity solutions for high-performance systems. Key elements of our strategy include the following:
 
Focus on High-Growth Markets. We focus on the high-growth communications, storage, server, embedded control, PC peripheral and consumer markets. Within these markets, there are many highly differentiated applications with different design criteria such as product function, performance, cost, power consumption, software, size limitations and design support. The requirements of many of these differentiated applications are addressed by our products, and we target those applications where we believe we can attain a leadership position.
 
Deliver Comprehensive Solutions. Our products provide system developers with a comprehensive, proven development environment to simplify I/O subsystem design, enhance performance, reduce development costs and accelerate time-to-market. This solution consists of semiconductor devices, software development kits and hardware design kits. These design elements are supported by development tools provided by third parties.
 
Extend I/O Subsystem Technology. We offer our customers highly integrated semiconductor devices and related software that incorporate many of the latest advances in I/O interconnect technology. Our semiconductor devices and software are designed to enable quick adoption of new I/O technologies and enhancements to existing I/O standards. We seek to integrate additional I/O-related functions into our semiconductor devices to provide our customers with additional value. We employ a team of engineers with expertise in system architectures, product definition, semiconductor and software design to maintain our I/O subsystem technology advantages.
 
Drive I/O Subsystem Standards. We believe that our understanding of I/O technology trends and market requirements allows us to bring to market more quickly new products that support the latest I/O technologies. Through our participation in key industry groups responsible for standards such as the PCI Special Interest Group, the PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturer's Group (PICMG), PCI-X Manufacturers' Group, and the USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF), we have taken an active role in defining new I/O standards.
 
Strengthen and Expand Industry Relationships. We work with industry leaders in developing hardware and software development tools and marketing programs that promote the use of each company's products. Partners include AMD, Broadcom, Intel, Jungo, Microsoft, Freescale, One Stop Systems, Pigeon Point, RamBus, Virage, Magma, Synopsys, NEC, Bayside, AMCC, ARM and National Instruments. As a result of these relationships, we enable microprocessor-based systems designers to choose the best products for their particular applications while still employing our product as the core of their I/O subsystem design.
 
Customers 
 
We supply our products to end customers for a wide variety of communications, storage, server, embedded control, PC peripheral and consumer appliance applications. We sell our products directly to our end customers as well as to our distributors. The typical product life cycle of a high performance microprocessor-based system is one to two years or more of product development and initial marketing activity followed by one to five years or more of volume production, assuming the product is successful in the market. The system design team typically selects the sole-source hardware and software components early in the design cycle. Generally, the system will incorporate these same components throughout its product life because changes require an expensive re-engineering effort. Therefore, when our products are designed into a system, they are likely to be used in that system throughout its one to five year or more production life.
 
Our products are standard semiconductor devices that may be incorporated into equipment used in several of our target markets. More than 1,000 electronic equipment manufacturers incorporate our semiconductor devices in their products.
 
Products 
 
Our products consist of interconnect semiconductor devices, software development kits and hardware design kits. Development tools provided by third parties support these three design elements. The sales of our interconnect semiconductor devices account for substantially all of our revenues. We generate less than 1% of our revenues from sales of our software development and hardware design kits. Our software development kits and hardware design kits promote sales of our semiconductor devices by lowering customers' development costs allowing them to bring new products to market more quickly.
 
PCI Express Bridges. The PCI Express bus standard has become the interconnect standard for the latest servers, notebooks, desktops, graphics and storage systems. Most recently it has been used in many communication and embedded systems. With its 2.5Gigabit per second line rate/lane, it offers higher performance than legacy standards. PCI Express Bridges enable conventional PCI products (32-bit/33 MHz, 32-bit/66 MHz and even 64-bit/133 MHz PCI-X) to be upgraded for use in new PCI Express systems. This allows users to quickly bring a new product to market. Applications using these bridge devices include servers, fibre channel HBA’s, graphics, TV tuners, and security systems. The reverse bridging feature also allows users to bridge backwards allowing the latest PCI Express based powerful CPUs/Graphics processors to still service and support the legacy PCI and PCI-X market.
 
PCI Express Switches. With PCI Express being a point to point serial interconnect, it requires a switch to connect a single port from a processor or chipset to many end-points. Example of applications include fanout in servers, dual graphics in gaming and workstation systems, and backplanes in networking and industrial equipment. PLX switches allow aggregation of multi-channel Gigabit Ethernet, Fibre Channel, graphics and SAS cards to the host. PLX switch products are offered in various configurations as requirements vary from one application to the next.
 
I/O Accelerators. Our I/O accelerators are semiconductor devices that accelerate movement of data across a PCI bus and between one or more devices or subsystems that need to communicate across the PCI bus. These products incorporate the Data Pipe Architecture technology, a set of circuits and features that enable an efficient flow of data within systems with minimal supervision from the system processor. Our I/O accelerators address a range of applications and provide flexible interfaces that allow them to connect to a wide variety of semiconductor devices, including chipsets from major chipset vendors; FPGAs and processors such as Freescale's PowerPC, Intel's i960 and Strong ARM, Hitachi's SH, and Motorola's 68K series. Customers also use these semiconductor devices in connection with digital signal processors, or DSPs, from Texas Instruments and others. The I/O accelerators can be connected with a wide range of peripheral devices, including LAN, WAN, disk control and graphics.
 
PCI-to-PCI Bridges. PCI-to-PCI bridges are chips that increase the number of peripheral devices that can be included in a microprocessor-based system. PCI-to-PCI bridges have become common in a wide variety of systems, including servers, storage, communications, and embedded-control applications such as imaging, industrial control, and test equipment. PLX’s bridge product line spans the entire PCI range, from 32-bit 33MHz through 64-bit 66MHz, and includes 133MHz PCI-X devices. PLX acquired this product line through the May 2003 acquisition of HiNT Corporation.
 
USB Interface Chips. USB interface chips are used by computer peripherals to connect to a PC through an external cabled connection.  The USB standard allows for connections to be made at different speeds.  Hi-Speed USB (also known as USB 2.0) provides 40x the bandwidth of Full-Speed USB and can be found on most PCs sold after 2003.  However, many PC peripherals today, such as mice, printers, and digital cameras, still utilize Full-Speed transfer rates.  PLX’s products are all USB 2.0 Hi-Speed and are backward compatible with USB Full-Speed. Hi-Speed connections can be found today on devices like multi-function printers, DVD camcorders, portable media players, portable navigation systems, digital cameras, PDAs, and hard disks.  PLX acquired this product line through the May 2004 acquisition of NetChip Technology, Inc.
 
Software Development Kits. Our software development kits, or SDKs, are designed to simplify and accelerate the development of systems that incorporate our semiconductor devices. Support is provided for several industry-leading operating systems, including VxWorks from Wind River, Linux, Microsoft Windows and Vista as well as generic applications and other operating systems. The SDKs include an application programming interface, or API, that enables developers to execute complex transactions with simple commands. This common interface allows customers to preserve their software investment even as their designs evolve in complexity and as new I/O architectures are deployed.
 
Hardware Design Kits. We offer hardware design kits that support the development of systems incorporating PLX semiconductor devices. We call our hardware design kits "rapid development kits", or RDKs. Designers use the RDKs to evaluate our semiconductor devices and to simplify and accelerate product development. Each hardware design kit includes a development circuit board that designers can use to evaluate the PLX products and also design their own system. These hardware design kits also include technical drawings, documentation and other design assistance tools.
 
To offer additional design support, we work with third party companies that provide development tools for our customers. Although we receive no revenue directly from these development tools, they promote sales of our semiconductor devices because these tools often make it easier to develop systems incorporating our products. Examples include software development tools from Jungo, Microsoft, Pigeon Point, and Wind River and software modeling tools from Synopsys and Magma.
 
Our principal product offerings and functions include the following:
 
Category
Product
Description
Semiconductor Devices
32-bit/33 MHz Target I/O Accelerators
PCI 9030
o Enable connection of 8-, 16- and 32-bit peripherals and personal
 
PCI 9050
computer adapters to PCI
 
PCI 9052
 
32-bit/33 MHz Master I/O Accelerators
PCI 9054
o Provide the flexibility to connect with a wide range of processors,
 
PCI 9060SD
peripherals and memory
 
PCI 9060ES
 
 
PCI 9060
 
 
PCI 9080
 
32 and 64-bit/66 MHz I/O Accelerators
PCI 9056
o Provide the flexibility to connect with a wide range of
 
PCI 9656
peripherals and memory
PCI and PCI-X Bridge Chips
PCI 6140
o Increase the number of PCI peripheral devices that can be included in
 
PCI 6150
a microprocessor-based system
 
PCI 6152
 
 
PCI 6154
 
 
PCI 6156
 
 
PCI 6254
 
 
PCI 6350
 
 
PCI 6466
 
 
PCI 6520
 
 
PCI 6540
 
USB Bridge Chips
NET 2270
o Connect CPUs and DSPs to a high-speed USB device port
 
NET 2272
 
 
NET 2280
 
 
NET 2282
 
  NET 2888  
 
NET 2890
 
PCI Express Bridges
PEX 8111
o Support the standard PCI Express serial interconnect protocol
 
PEX 8114
o Facilitate the connection of the newest PCI Express processors
 
PEX 8311
o Enable conventional PCI products to be upgraded for use in the newest PCI Express standard
PCI Express Switches
PEX 8508
o Facilitate the connection of the newest PCI Express processors
 
PEX 8516
o Provide essential system fanout required by the point-to-point PCI Express standard
  PEX 8517
o Provide PCI Express signal routing
  PEX 8518  
 
PEX 8524
 
 
PEX 8525
 
  PEX 8532  
  PEX 8533  
  PEX 8547  
 
PEX 8548
 
Software Development Kits
PCI Software
SDK
o Provide tools for accelerating design of data transport software
 
 
o Include development and debugging utilities, sample firmware and drivers
Hardware Design Kits
Rapid Development Kits
Kits supporting a
o Include development circuit boards, SDK Software, documentation and
 
range of products
schematics to assist system development
 
Technology 
 
We believe that supplying high-performance connectivity solutions for I/O subsystems requires expertise in four areas:
 
·  semiconductor design;
·  software technology;
·  system design; and
·  industry standards.
 
Semiconductor Design. Our engineers have substantial expertise in semiconductor design and have developed a comprehensive library of complex functional blocks for use in semiconductor devices for I/O connectivity. As a result of this expertise, we offer both innovative architectures and high levels of functionality. We continue to integrate more functionality in our semiconductor devices to reduce cost, improve performance, reduce size and simplify the customer's design effort.
 
Software Technology. We devote engineering resources to the development of software technology used to assist the system developer in debugging hardware and creating data control software. The quality and availability of these tools are key differentiating factors between PLX and competing alternatives. We continue to enhance and expand our software development kits, which contain a set of programming interfaces that simplify the development of software. Our software expertise provides us with valuable insights into our customers' software development issues, which aids the definition and development of future semiconductor devices. Software revenue from sales of our software development kits amounted to less than 1% of our net revenues for 2006.
 
System Design. We employ a team of system level design engineers that develop hardware design kits. These kits are high-performance adapters and embedded systems that customers can use to assist development of their products. Each of these hardware design kits is a system or adapter similar in complexity to those built by our customers. The system design experience provides us valuable insights which we can use to improve future semiconductor device and software products.
 
Industry Standards. Through our participation in the key industry groups responsible for interconnect standards, we take an active role in defining new I/O standards such as USB, PCI-X, and PCI Express.
 
Competition 
 
Competition in the semiconductor industry is intense. If our target markets continue to grow, the number of competitors may increase significantly. In addition, new semiconductor technologies may lead to new products that can perform similar functions as our products.
 
Competition in the various markets we serve comes from companies of various sizes, many of which are significantly larger and have greater financial and other resources. Thus they can better withstand adverse economic or market conditions. Our principal products compete with standard products from companies such as Cypress Semiconductor, Genesys Logic, IDT, Intel, NEC, Oxford Semiconductor, Pericom Semiconductor, NXP Semiconductor, Renesas, Texas Instruments and Tundra Semiconductor.
 
In addition, two alternative devices can perform some or all of the functions of our devices. The first is the Application Specific Integrated Circuit, or ASIC. With the ASIC approach, a customer creates a custom semiconductor device for a particular application. Because the customer buys the ASIC directly from the semiconductor foundry, this approach may lead to lower unit production costs. However, this approach entails a large initial time and resource investment in developing the custom device. The second alternative device is the Field Programmable Gate Array, or FPGA. The FPGA is a semiconductor device whose logic function can be programmed by the system manufacturer. This requires less design effort and time than the ASIC approach. However, because of the additional circuitry required to enable the device to be programmed, this approach typically entails higher unit production costs which can be prohibitive compared to ASICs or standard semiconductor devices. Nevertheless, FPGA prices have decreased steadily and in many cases are competitive with prices for standard semiconductor devices. Accordingly, we also experience competition from leading ASIC suppliers, including IBM, LSI Logic, NEC, and Toshiba as well as from FPGA suppliers, including Actel, Altera, Atmel, Lattice, Quicklogic, and Xilinx. Many of these competitors are large companies that have significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than PLX.
 
We believe that the principal factors of competition in our business include functionality, product performance, price, product innovation, availability of development tools, customer service and reliability. We believe that we compete favorably with respect to each of these factors. We differentiate our products from those of our competitors by incorporating innovative features that allow our customers to build systems based on industry standards that are more efficient and higher in performance. Furthermore, in general, our software and hardware development tools are more comprehensive than competing solutions. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully in the future against existing or new competitors, and increased competition may adversely affect our business.
 
Sales, Marketing and Technical Support 
 
Our sales and marketing strategy is to achieve design wins at leading systems-companies in high-growth market segments. We market and sell our products in the United States through a combination of direct regional sales managers, a network of independent manufacturers' representatives, and distributors. We maintain United States sales liaison offices in California, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Texas.
 
Outside the United States, we have engaged a team of manufacturers' representatives, stocking representatives and distributors to sell and market our products. Our international network includes representatives in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Norway, People's Republic of China, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom. We maintain a sales liaison office in the United Kingdom to service customers in Europe and the Middle East. We also maintain sales liaison offices in Taiwan and China to service Southeast Asia and The People's Republic of China. Finally, we maintain a sales liaison office in Japan to service customers in Japan.
 
As of December 31, 2006, we employed 49 individuals in sales and marketing. Sales in North America represented 30%, 32%, and 32%, of net revenues for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. All worldwide sales to date have been denominated in U.S. dollars.
 
Net revenues through distributors accounted for approximately 70%, 57%, and 53% of our net revenues for 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. Included in 2006 distributor revenues is the amount of $2.8 million, or 3.4% of total net revenues, resulting from the change in the accounting for revenues to distributors. See “Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies - Revenue Recognition” in this Form 10-K for details on the change in accounting for distributor revenues. Revenues related to sales through distributors are expected to continue to account for a large portion of our total revenues. See "Item 1A, Risk Factors - Certain Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results - A Large Portion of Our Revenues Is Derived from Sales to Third-Party Distributors Who May Terminate Their Relationships with Us at Any Time" in this Form 10-K.
 
In 2006, sales to Metatech and Answer Technology, distributors, accounted for 31% and 10%, respectively, of our net revenues. In 2005, sales to Metatech accounted for 23% of our net revenues. In 2004, sales to Metatech accounted for 13% of our net revenues. No other distributor or direct customer accounted for more than 10% of net revenues in any period presented.
 
Technical support to customers provided under warranty is provided through field and factory applications engineers, technical marketing personnel and, if necessary, product design engineers. Local field support is provided in person, email, internet, or by telephone. We also use our website to provide product documentation and technical support information. We believe that providing customers with comprehensive product support is critical to remaining competitive in the markets we serve. In addition, our close contact with customer design engineers provides valuable input into existing product enhancements and next generation product specifications.
 
Research and Development 
 
Our future success will depend to a large extent on our ability to rapidly develop and introduce new products and enhancements to our existing products that meet emerging industry standards and satisfy changing customer requirements. We have made and expect to continue to make substantial investments in research and development and to participate in the development of new and existing industry standards.
 
The majority of our engineers are involved in semiconductor device development, with the remaining engineers working on software and reference design hardware. Before development of a new product commences, our marketing managers work closely with research and development engineers and customers to develop a comprehensive requirements specification. In addition, our marketing managers and engineers review the applicable industry standards and incorporate desired changes into the new product specification. After the product is designed and commercially available, our engineers continue to work with various customers on specific design issues to understand emerging requirements that may be incorporated into future product generations or product upgrades.
 
Our research and development expenditures totaled $20.2 million, $18.5 million, and $17.7 million in 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries, share-based compensation and related costs of employees engaged in research, design, and development activities. In addition, expenses for outside engineering consultants and non-recurring engineering at our independent foundries are included in research and development expenses. As of December 31, 2006, there were 69 employees engaged in research and development. We perform our research and development activities at our headquarters in Sunnyvale, California and in Salt Lake City, Utah. We periodically seek to hire additional skilled development engineers who are currently in short supply. Our business could be adversely affected if we encounter delays in hiring additional engineers. See "Item 1A, Risk Factors - Certain Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results - We Could Lose Key Personnel Due to Competitive Market Conditions and Attrition" in this Form 10-K.
 
Our future performance depends on a number of factors, including our ability to identify emerging technology trends in our target markets, define and develop competitive new products in a timely manner, enhance existing products to differentiate them from those of competitors and bring products to market at competitive prices. The technical innovations and product development required for us to remain competitive are inherently complex and require long development cycles. We typically must incur substantial research and development costs before the technical feasibility and commercial viability of a product can be ascertained. We must also continue to make significant investments in research and development in order to continually enhance the performance and functionality of our products to keep pace with competitive products and customer demands for improved performance. Revenues from future products or product enhancements may not be sufficient to recover the development costs associated with these products or enhancements. The failure to successfully develop new products on a timely basis could have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
Manufacturing 
 
We have adopted a "fabless" semiconductor manufacturing model and outsource all of our semiconductor manufacturing, assembly and testing. This approach allows us to focus our resources on the design, development and marketing of products and significantly reduces our capital requirements. We subcontract substantially all of our semiconductor manufacturing to AMD in the United States, Fujistu, NEC and Seiko-Epson Semiconductor in Japan, and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation and UMC in Taiwan. None of our products are currently manufactured by more than one supplier, and all of our products are expected to be single-source manufactured for the foreseeable future. We must place orders two to four months in advance of expected delivery of finished goods. We maintain inventory levels based on current lead times from foundries plus safety stock to account for unanticipated interruption in supply and fluctuations in demand. Our inventory comprises a large portion of our working capital. As a result, we have limited ability to react to fluctuations in demand for our products which could cause us to have an excess or a shortage of inventory of a particular product and reduced product revenues.
 
In the event of a loss of, or a decision by us to change a key supplier or foundry, qualifying a new supplier or foundry and commencing volume production would likely involve delay and expenses, resulting in lost revenues, reduced operating margins and possible detriment to customer relationships. Since we place our orders on a purchase order basis and do not have a long-term volume purchase agreement with any of our existing suppliers, any of these suppliers may allocate capacity to the production of other products while reducing deliveries to us on short notice. While we believe we currently have good relationships with our foundries and adequate capacity to support our current sales levels, there can be no assurance that adequate foundry capacity will be available in the future on acceptable terms, if at all. See "Item 1A, Risk Factors - Certain Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results - Our Independent Manufacturers May Not Be Able To Meet Our Manufacturing Requirements" in this Form 10-K.
 
Our semiconductor devices are currently fabricated using a range of semiconductor manufacturing processes. We must continuously develop our devices using more advanced processes to remain competitive on a cost and performance basis. Migrating to new technologies is a challenging task requiring new design skills, methods and tools. We believe that the transition of our products to smaller geometries will be important for us to remain competitive. Our business could be materially adversely affected if any transition to new processes is delayed or inefficiently implemented. See " Item 1A, Risk Factors - Certain Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results - Defects in Our Products Could Increase Our Costs and Delay Our Product Shipments" in this Form 10-K. 
 
Intellectual Property 
 
 Our future success and competitive position depend upon our ability to obtain and maintain the proprietary technology used in our principal products. Most of our current products include implementations of the PCI, PCI Express and USB industry standards, which are available to other companies. We currently have no patents on any of our I/O accelerator products and rely instead on trade secret protection. We hold 6 patents on switch technology that will expire at various dates beginning in 2019 through 2025. In addition, we have a patent on I/O buffer technology that will expire in September 2007 and a patent on clock and timing control technology that will expire in May 2014. In the future, we plan to seek patent protection when we believe it is necessary.
 
 Our existing or future patents may be invalidated, circumvented, challenged or licensed to others. The rights granted may not provide competitive advantages to us. In addition, our future patent applications may not be issued with the scope of the claims sought by us, if at all. Furthermore, others may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technology, duplicate our technology or design around the patents owned or licensed by us. In addition, effective patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protection may be unavailable or limited in foreign countries where we may need this protection. We cannot be sure that steps taken by us to protect our technology will prevent misappropriation of our technology.
 
The semiconductor industry is characterized by vigorous protection and pursuit of intellectual property rights or positions. This often results in significant, often protracted and expensive litigation. There is no intellectual property litigation currently pending against us. However, we may from time to time receive notifications of claims that we may be infringing patents or other intellectual property rights owned by other third parties. If it is necessary or desirable, we may seek licenses under these third party patents or intellectual property rights. However, we cannot be sure that licenses will be offered or that the terms of any offered licenses will be acceptable to us.
 
The failure to obtain a license from a third party for technology used by us could cause us to incur substantial liabilities and to suspend the manufacture or shipment of products or our use of processes requiring the technology. Litigation could result in significant expenses to us, adversely affect sales of the challenged product or technology and divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, whether or not the litigation is determined in our favor. In the event of an adverse result in any litigation, we could be required to pay substantial damages, cease the manufacture, use, sale or importation of infringing products, expend significant resources to develop or acquire non-infringing technology, and discontinue the use of processes requiring the infringing technology or obtain licenses to the infringing technology. In addition, we may not be successful in developing or acquiring the necessary licenses under reasonable terms. This could require expenditures by us of substantial time and other resources. Any of these developments would have a material adverse effect on our business. See "Item 1A, Risk Factors - Certain Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results - Our Limited Ability to Protect Our Intellectual Property and Proprietary Rights Could Adversely Affect Our Competitive Position" in this Form 10-K.  
 
Employees 
 
As of December 31, 2006, we employed a total of 150 full-time employees, including 69 engaged in research and development, 49 engaged in sales and marketing, 3 engaged in manufacturing operations and 29 engaged in general administration activities. We also from time to time employ part-time employees and hire contractors. Our employees are not represented by any collective bargaining agreement, and we have never experienced a work stoppage. We believe that our employee relations are good.
 
 Backlog 
 
PLX's backlog at any particular date is not necessarily indicative of actual sales for any succeeding period. This results from expected changes in product delivery schedules and cancellation of product orders. In addition, PLX's sales will often reflect orders shipped in the same quarter that they are received.
 
 
FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE OPERATING RESULTS 
 
If a company’s operating results are below the expectation of public market analysts or investors, then the market price of its common stock could decline. Many factors that can affect a company’s quarterly and annual results are difficult to control or predict. Factors which can affect the operating results of a semiconductor company such as PLX are described below.
 
Risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described herein include the following:
 
Our Operating Results May Fluctuate Significantly Due To Factors Which Are Not Within Our Control
 
Our quarterly operating results have fluctuated significantly in the past and are expected to fluctuate significantly in the future based on a number of factors, many of which are not under our control. Our operating expenses, which include product development costs and selling, general and administrative expenses, are relatively fixed in the short-term. If our revenues are lower than we expect because we sell fewer semiconductor devices, delay the release of new products or the announcement of new features, or for other reasons, we may not be able to quickly reduce our spending in response.
 
Other circumstances that can affect our operating results include:
 
·  
the timing of significant orders, order cancellations and reschedulings;
·  
the loss of a significant customer(s);
·  
introduction of products and technologies by our competitors;
·  
the availability of production capacity at the fabrication facilities that manufacture our products;
·  
our significant customers could lose market share that may affect our business;
·  
integration of our product functionality into our customers’ products;
·  
our ability to develop, introduce and market new products and technologies on a timely basis;
·  
unexpected issues that may arise with devices in production;
·  
shifts in our product mix toward lower margin products;
·  
changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors or suppliers, including decreases in unit average selling prices of our products;
·  
the availability and cost of materials to our suppliers;
·  
general economic conditions; and
·  
political climate.
 
These factors are difficult to forecast, and these or other factors could adversely affect our business. Any shortfall in our revenues would have a direct impact on our business. In addition, fluctuations in our quarterly results could adversely affect the market price of our common stock in a manner unrelated to our long-term operating performance.
 
The Cyclical Nature Of The Semiconductor Industry May Lead To Significant Variances In The Demand For Our Products
 
In the past, the semiconductor industry has been characterized by significant downturns and wide fluctuations in supply and demand. Also, the industry has experienced significant fluctuations in anticipation of changes in general economic conditions. This cyclicality has led to significant variances in product demand and production capacity. It has also accelerated erosion of average selling prices per unit. We may experience periodic fluctuations in our future financial results because of industry-wide conditions.
 
Because A Substantial Portion Of Our Net Revenues Are Generated By A Small Number Of Large Customers, If Any Of These Customers Delays Or Reduces Its Orders, Our Net Revenues And Earnings Will Be Harmed
 
 Historically, a relatively small number of customers have accounted for a significant portion of our net revenues in any particular period. In 2006, sales to Metatech and Answer Technology accounted for 31% and 10%, respectively, of net revenues. In 2005, sales to Metatech accounted for 23% of our net revenues. In 2004, sales to Metatech accounted for 13% of our net revenues. No other distributor or direct customer accounted for more than 10% of net revenues in any period presented.
 
We have no long-term volume purchase commitments from any of our significant customers. We cannot be certain that our current customers will continue to place orders with us, that orders by existing customers will continue at the levels of previous periods or that we will be able to obtain orders from new customers. In addition, some of our customers supply products to end-market purchasers and any of these end-market purchasers could choose to reduce or eliminate orders for our customers' products. This would in turn lower our customers' orders for our products.
 
We anticipate that sales of our products to a relatively small number of customers will continue to account for a significant portion of our net revenues. Due to these factors, the following have in the past and may in the future reduce our net revenues or earnings:
 
·  
the reduction, delay or cancellation of orders from one or more of our significant customers;
·  
the selection of competing products or in-house design by one or more of our current customers;
·  
the loss of one or more of our current customers; or
·  
a failure of one or more of our current customers to pay our invoices.
 
Intense Competition In The Markets In Which We Operate May Reduce The Demand For Or Prices Of Our Products
 
Competition in the semiconductor industry is intense. If our main target market, the microprocessor-based systems market, continues to grow, the number of competitors may increase significantly. In addition, new semiconductor technology may lead to new products that can perform similar functions as our products. Some of our competitors and other semiconductor companies may develop and introduce products that integrate into a single semiconductor device the functions performed by our semiconductor devices. This would eliminate the need for our products in some applications.
 
In addition, competition in our markets comes from companies of various sizes, many of which are significantly larger and have greater financial and other resources than we do and thus can better withstand adverse economic or market conditions. Therefore, we cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully in the future against existing or new competitors, and increased competition may adversely affect our business. See “Business -- Competition,” and “ -- Products” in Part I of Item I of this Form 10-K.
 
Our Independent Manufacturers May Not Be Able To Meet Our Manufacturing Requirements
 
We do not manufacture any of our semiconductor devices. Therefore, we are referred to in the semiconductor industry as a “fabless” producer of semiconductors. Consequently, we depend upon third party manufacturers to produce semiconductors that meet our specifications. We currently have third party manufacturers located in Japan, Taiwan, Singapore and Malaysia, that can produce semiconductors which meet our needs. However, as the semiconductor industry continues to progress towards smaller manufacturing and design geometries, the complexities of producing semiconductors will increase. Decreasing geometries may introduce new problems and delays that may affect product development and deliveries. Due to the nature of the semiconductor industry and our status as a “fabless” semiconductor company, we could encounter fabrication-related problems that may affect the availability of our semiconductor devices, delay our shipments or may increase our costs.
 
None of our semiconductor devices are currently manufactured by more than one supplier. We place our orders on a purchase order basis and do not have a long term purchase agreement with any of our existing suppliers. In the event that the supplier of a semiconductor device was unable or unwilling to continue to manufacture this product in the required volume, we would have to identify and qualify a substitute supplier. Introducing new products or transferring existing products to a new third party manufacturer or process may result in unforeseen device specification and operating problems. These problems may affect product shipments and may be costly to correct. Silicon fabrication capacity may also change, or the costs per silicon wafer may increase. Manufacturing-related problems may have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
Customers Are Requiring That We Offer Our Products In Lead-Free Packages

Governmental regulations in certain countries and customers' intention to produce products that are less harmful to the environment has resulted in a requirement from many of our customers to purchase integrated circuits that do not contain lead. We have responded by offering our products in lead-free versions. While the lead-free versions of our products are expected to be more friendly to the environment, the ultimate impact is uncertain. The transition to lead-free products may produce sudden changes in demand depending on the packaging method used, which may result in excess inventory of products packaged using traditional methods. This may have an adverse affect on our results of operations. In addition, the quality, cost and manufacturing yields of the lead-free products may be less favorable compared to the products packaged using more traditional materials which may result in higher costs to us.
 
Lower Demand For Our Customers’ Products Will Result In Lower Demand For Our Products
 
Demand for our products depends in large part on the development and expansion of the high-performance microprocessor-based systems markets including networking and telecommunications, enterprise storage, imaging and industrial applications. The size and rate of growth of these microprocessor-based systems markets may in the future fluctuate significantly based on numerous factors. These factors include the adoption of alternative technologies, capital spending levels and general economic conditions. Demand for products that incorporate high-performance embedded systems may not grow.
 
Our Lengthy Sales Cycle Can Result In Uncertainty And Delays With Regard To Our Expected Revenues
 
Our customers typically perform numerous tests and extensively evaluate our products before incorporating them into their systems. The time required for test, evaluation and design of our products into a customer’s equipment can range from six to twelve months or more. It can take an additional six to twelve months or more before a customer commences volume shipments of equipment that incorporates our products. Because of this lengthy sales cycle, we may experience a delay between the time when we increase expenses for research and development and sales and marketing efforts and the time when we generate higher revenues, if any, from these expenditures.
 
In addition, the delays inherent in our lengthy sales cycle raise additional risks of customer decisions to cancel or change product plans. When we achieve a design win, there can be no assurance that the customer will ultimately ship products incorporating our products. Our business could be materially adversely affected if a significant customer curtails, reduces or delays orders during our sales cycle or chooses not to release products incorporating our products.
 
Failure To Have Our Products Designed Into The Products Of Electronic Equipment Manufacturers Will Result In Reduced Sales
 
Our future success depends on electronic equipment manufacturers that design our semiconductor devices into their systems. We must anticipate market trends and the price, performance and functionality requirements of current and potential future electronic equipment manufacturers and must successfully develop and manufacture products that meet these requirements. In addition, we must meet the timing requirements of these electronic equipment manufacturers and must make products available to them in sufficient quantities. These electronic equipment manufacturers could develop products that provide the same or similar functionality as one or more of our products and render these products obsolete in their applications.
 
We do not have purchase agreements with our customers that contain minimum purchase requirements. Instead, electronic equipment manufacturers purchase our products pursuant to short-term purchase orders that may be canceled without charge. We believe that in order to obtain broad penetration in the markets for our products, we must maintain and cultivate relationships, directly or through our distributors, with electronic equipment manufacturers that are leaders in the microprocessor-based systems markets. Accordingly, we will incur significant expenditures in order to build relationships with electronic equipment manufacturers prior to volume sales of new products. If we fail to develop relationships with additional electronic equipment manufacturers to have our products designed into new microprocessor-based systems or to develop sufficient new products to replace products that have become obsolete, our business would be materially adversely affected.
 
Defects In Our Products Could Increase Our Costs And Delay Our Product Shipments
 
Our products are complex. While we test our products, these products may still have errors, defects or bugs that we find only after commercial production has begun. We have experienced errors, defects and bugs in the past in connection with new products.
 
Our customers may not purchase our products if the products have reliability, quality or compatibility problems. This delay in acceptance could make it more difficult to retain our existing customers and to attract new customers. Moreover, product errors, defects or bugs could result in additional development costs, diversion of technical and other resources from our other development efforts, claims by our customers or others against us, or the loss of credibility with our current and prospective customers. In the past, the additional time required to correct defects has caused delays in product shipments and resulted in lower revenues. We may have to spend significant amounts of capital and resources to address and fix problems in new products.
 
We must continuously develop our products using new process technology with smaller geometries to remain competitive on a cost and performance basis. Migrating to new technologies is a challenging task requiring new design skills, methods and tools and is difficult to achieve.
 
Failure Of Our Products To Gain Market Acceptance Would Adversely Affect Our Financial Condition
 
We believe that our growth prospects depend upon our ability to gain customer acceptance of our products and technology. Market acceptance of products depends upon numerous factors, including compatibility with other products, adoption of relevant interconnect standards, perceived advantages over competing products and the level of customer service available to support such products. There can be no assurance that growth in sales of new products will continue or that we will be successful in obtaining broad market acceptance of our products and technology.
 
We expect to spend a significant amount of time and resources to develop new products and refine existing products. In light of the long product development cycles inherent in our industry, these expenditures will be made well in advance of the prospect of deriving revenues from the sale of any new products. Our ability to commercially introduce and successfully market any new products is subject to a wide variety of challenges during this development cycle, including start-up bugs, design defects and other matters that could delay introduction of these products to the marketplace. In addition, since our customers are not obligated by long-term contracts to purchase our products, our anticipated product orders may not materialize, or orders that do materialize may be cancelled. As a result, if we do not achieve market acceptance of new products, we may not be able to realize sufficient sales of our products in order to recoup research and development expenditures. The failure of any of our new products to achieve market acceptance would harm our business, financial condition, results of operation and cash flows.
 
A Large Portion Of Our Revenues Is Derived From Sales To Third-Party Distributors Who May Terminate Their Relationships With Us At Any Time
 
We depend on distributors to sell a significant portion of our products. Net revenues through distributors accounted for approximately 70%, 57%, and 53% of our net revenues in 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. Some of our distributors also market and sell competing products. Distributors may terminate their relationships with us at any time. Our future performance will depend in part on our ability to attract additional distributors that will be able to market and support our products effectively, especially in markets in which we have not previously distributed our products. We may lose one or more of our current distributors or may not be able to recruit additional or replacement distributors. The loss of one or more of our major distributors could have a material adverse effect on our business, as we may not be successful in servicing our customers directly or through manufacturers’ representatives.
 
The Demand For Our Products Depends Upon Our Ability To Support Evolving Industry Standards
 
A majority of our revenues are derived from sales of products, which rely on the PCI, PCI-X, USB, and PCI Express standards. If markets move away from these standards and begin using new standards, we may not be able to successfully design and manufacture new products that use these new standards. There is also the risk that new products we develop in response to new standards may not be accepted in the market. In addition, these standards are continuously evolving, and we may not be able to modify our products to address new specifications. Any of these events would have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
We Must Make Significant Research And Development Expenditures Prior To Generating Revenues From Products
 
To establish market acceptance of a new semiconductor device, we must dedicate significant resources to research and development, production and sales and marketing. We incur substantial costs in developing, manufacturing and selling a new product, which often significantly precede meaningful revenues from the sale of this product. Consequently, new products can require significant time and investment to achieve profitability. Investors should note that our efforts to introduce new semiconductor devices or other products or services may not be successful or profitable. In addition, products or technologies developed by others may render our products or technologies obsolete or noncompetitive.
 
We record as expenses the costs related to the development of new semiconductor devices and other products as these expenses are incurred. As a result, our profitability from quarter to quarter and from year to year may be adversely affected by the number and timing of our new product launches in any period and the level of acceptance gained by these products.
 
We Could Lose Key Personnel Due To Competitive Market Conditions And Attrition
 
Our success depends to a significant extent upon our senior management and key technical and sales personnel. The loss of one or more of these employees could have a material adverse effect on our business. We do not have employment contracts with any of our executive officers.
 
Our success also depends on our ability to attract and retain qualified technical, sales and marketing, customer support, financial and accounting, and managerial personnel. Competition for such personnel in the semiconductor industry is intense, and we may not be able to retain our key personnel or to attract, assimilate or retain other highly qualified personnel in the future. In addition, we may lose key personnel due to attrition, including health, family and other reasons. We have experienced, and may continue to experience, difficulty in hiring and retaining candidates with appropriate qualifications. If we do not succeed in hiring and retaining candidates with appropriate qualifications, our business could be materially adversely affected.
 
The Successful Marketing And Sales Of Our Products Depend Upon Our Third Party Relationships, Which Are Not Supported By Written Agreements
 
When marketing and selling our semiconductor devices, we believe we enjoy a competitive advantage based on the availability of development tools offered by third parties. These development tools are used principally for the design of other parts of the microprocessor-based system but also work with our products. We will lose this advantage if these third party tool vendors cease to provide these tools for existing products or do not offer them for our future products. This event could have a material adverse effect on our business. We have no written agreements with these third parties, and these parties could choose to stop providing these tools at any time.
 
Our Limited Ability To Protect Our Intellectual Property And Proprietary Rights Could Adversely Affect Our Competitive Position
 
Our future success and competitive position depend upon our ability to obtain and maintain proprietary technology used in our principal products. Currently, we have limited protection of our intellectual property in the form of patents and rely instead on trade secret protection. Our existing or future patents may be invalidated, circumvented, challenged or licensed to others. The rights granted thereunder may not provide competitive advantages to us. In addition, our future patent applications may not be issued with the scope of the claims sought by us, if at all. Furthermore, others may develop technologies that are similar or superior to our technology, duplicate our technology or design around the patents owned or licensed by us. In addition, effective patent, trademark, copyright and trade secret protection may be unavailable or limited in foreign countries where we may need protection. We cannot be sure that steps taken by us to protect our technology will prevent misappropriation of the technology.
 
We may from time to time receive notifications of claims that we may be infringing patents or other intellectual property rights owned by third parties. While there is currently no intellectual property litigation pending against us, litigation could result in significant expenses to us and adversely affect sales of the challenged product or technology. This litigation could also divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel, whether or not the litigation is determined in our favor. In addition, we may not be able to develop or acquire non-infringing technology or procure licenses to the infringing technology under reasonable terms. This could require expenditures by us of substantial time and other resources. Any of these developments would have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
Our Potential Future Acquisitions May Not Be Successful Because Of Our Limited Experience With Acquisitions In The Past
 
As part of our business strategy, we expect to review acquisition prospects that would complement our existing product offerings, improve market coverage or enhance our technological capabilities. Future acquisitions could result in any or all of the following:
 
·  
potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities,
·  
large acquisition-related write-offs,
·  
the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities or amortization expenses related to other intangible assets,
·  
difficulties in the assimilation of operations, personnel, technologies, products and the information systems of the acquired companies,
·  
diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns,
·  
risks of entering geographic and business markets in which we have no or limited prior experience, and
·  
potential loss of key employees of acquired organizations.
 
We have had limited experience with acquisitions in the past and may not be able to successfully integrate any businesses, products, technologies or personnel that may be acquired in the future. Our failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business.
 
Because We Sell Our Products To Customers Outside Of North America And Because Our Products Are Incorporated With Products Of Others That Are Sold Outside Of North America We Face Foreign Business, Political And Economic Risks
 
Sales outside of North America accounted for 70%, 68%, and 68% of our net revenues in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Sales outside of North America may fluctuate in future periods and are expected to account for a large portion of our revenues. In addition, equipment manufacturers who incorporate our products into their products sell their products outside of North America, thereby exposing us indirectly to foreign risks. Further, most of our semiconductor products are manufactured outside of North America. Accordingly, we are subject to international risks, including:
 
·  
difficulties in managing distributors;
·  
difficulties in staffing and managing foreign subsidiary and branch operations;
·  
political and economic instability;
·  
foreign currency exchange fluctuations;
·  
difficulties in accounts receivable collections;
·  
potentially adverse tax consequences;
·  
timing and availability of export licenses;
·  
changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other barriers;
·  
difficulties in obtaining governmental approvals for telecommunications and other products; and
·  
the burden of complying with complex foreign laws and treaties.
 
Because sales of our products have been denominated to date exclusively in United States dollars, increases in the value of the United States dollar will increase the price of our products so that they become relatively more expensive to customers in the local currency of a particular country, which could lead to a reduction in sales and profitability in that country.
 
A Downturn In The Global Economy May Adversely Affect Our Revenues, Results Of Operations And Financial Condition
 
Demand for semiconductor components is increasingly dependent upon the rate of growth in the global economy. If the rate of global economic growth slows, or contracts, customer demand for products could be adversely affected, which in turn could adversely affect revenues, results of operations and financial condition. Many factors could adversely affect regional or global economic growth. Some of the factors that could slow global economic growth include: rising interest rates in the United States, a slowdown in the rate of growth of the Chinese economy, a significant act of terrorism which disrupts global trade or consumer confidence, geopolitical tensions including war and civil unrest. Reduced levels of economic activity, or disruptions of international transportation, could adversely affect sales on either a global basis or in specific geographic regions.
 
Our Principal Stockholders Have Significant Voting Power And May Take Actions That May Not Be In The Best Interests Of Our Other Stockholders
 
Our executive officers, directors and other principal stockholders, in the aggregate, beneficially own a substantial amount of our outstanding common stock. Although these stockholders do not have majority control, they currently have, and likely will continue to have, significant influence with respect to the election of our directors and approval or disapproval of our significant corporate actions. This influence over our affairs might be adverse to the interests of other stockholders. In addition, the voting power of these stockholders could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of PLX.
 
The Anti-Takeover Provisions In Our Certificate of Incorporation Could Adversely Affect The Rights Of The Holders Of Our Common Stock
 
Anti-takeover provisions of Delaware law and our Certificate of Incorporation may make a change in control of PLX more difficult, even if a change in control would be beneficial to the stockholders. These provisions may allow the Board of Directors to prevent changes in the management and control of PLX.
 
As part of our anti-takeover devices, our Board of Directors has the ability to determine the terms of preferred stock and issue preferred stock without the approval of the holders of the common stock. Our Certificate of Incorporation allows the issuance of up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock. There are no shares of preferred stock outstanding. However, because the rights and preferences of any series of preferred stock may be set by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion without approval of the holders of the common stock, the rights and preferences of this preferred stock may be superior to those of the common stock. Accordingly, the rights of the holders of common stock may be adversely affected. Consistent with Delaware law, our Board of Directors may adopt additional anti-takeover measures in the future.
 
 
None.
 
 
We own one facility in Sunnyvale, California, which has approximately 55,000 square feet. This facility comprises our headquarters and includes our research and development, sales and marketing and administration departments. In addition, we have leases for an engineering design center in Utah. Internationally, we lease sales offices in Japan, Taiwan and China. These leases comprise approximately 4,000 square feet and have terms expiring on or prior to January 2009. We believe that our current facilities will be adequate through 2007.
 
 
None.
 
 
No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders during the three months ended December 31, 2006.
 

 
 
 
Our common stock is traded on The Nasdaq Global Market and has been quoted on The Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol "PLXT" since its initial public offering on April 5, 1999. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the range of quarterly high and low closing price for our common stock as reported on The Nasdaq Global Market: 

2006
 
High Bid
 
Low Bid
 
First Quarter
 
$
13.00
 
$
8.66
 
Second Quarter
   
14.68
   
10.83  
 
Third Quarter
   
12.26
   
8.35
 
Fourth Quarter
   
15.06
   
10.00  
 
               
2005
   
High Bid
   
Low Bid
 
First Quarter
 
$
12.37
 
$
7.65
 
Second Quarter
   
10.46
   
7.21
 
Third Quarter
   
10.90
   
7.83
 
Fourth Quarter
   
10.06
   
6.90
 
 
As of February 22, 2007, there were approximately 135 holders of record of our common stock and as of that date, the last reported sales price of our common stock was $10.49.
 
We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently intend to retain earnings, if any, for use in our business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future declaration and payment of dividends will be subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors, will be subject to applicable law and will depend upon our results of operations, earnings, financial condition, contractual limitations, cash requirements, future prospects and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.
 
Securities Authorized For Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
 
This information is incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the heading "Equity Compensation Plan Information."

Performance Graph
 
The graph and other information furnished under the above caption "Performance Graph" in this Part II, Item 5 of this Form 10-K shall not be deemed to be "soliciting material" or to be "filed" with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C, or to the liabilities of the Exchange Act, as amended.
 
 
The following selected consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
2006 (1)
 
2005
 
2004 (2)
 
2003 (3)
 
2002
 
   
in thousands, except per share data
 
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data:
                               
Net Revenues
 
$
81,425
 
$
54,615
 
$
54,449
 
$
38,038
 
$
34,810
 
Gross Margin
   
47,630
   
35,002
   
35,710
   
27,171
   
23,958
 
Operating Profit (Loss)
   
1,715
   
(2,306
)
 
(831
)
 
(2,797
)
 
(3,264
)
Net Income (Loss)
   
3,006
   
(1,748
)
 
(642
)
 
(2,259
)
 
(2,320
)
Basic Net Income (Loss) Per Share
 
$
0.11
 
$
(0.06
)
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.10
)
$
(0.10
)
Shares Used to Compute Basic Per Share Amounts
   
28,177
   
27,198
   
25,422
   
22,755
   
22,785
 
Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share
 
$
0.10
 
$
(0.06
)
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.10
)
$
(0.10
)
Shares Used to Compute Diluted Per Share Amounts
   
28,925
   
27,198
   
25,422
   
22,755
   
22,785
 
                                 
 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
 
 
 
2006
   
2005
   
2004
   
2003
   
2002
 
 
      in thousands, except per share data
 
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
                               
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
$
32,804
 
$
21,028
 
$
9,556
 
$
10,955
 
$
5,482
 
Working Capital
   
49,031
   
36,994
   
23,108
   
23,846
   
23,601
 
Total Assets
   
127,948
   
117,911
   
110,473
   
81,803
   
71,975
 
Total Stockholders' Equity
 
$
120,936
 
$
107,489
 
$
102,159
 
$
76,021
 
$
67,964
 
 
(1)  
Results of operations for 2006 include an increase in revenues and cost of revenues of $2.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively, as a result of the Company’s change from sell-through method of accounting for revenues to the sell-in method whereby revenues are recognized at the time of shipment to a distributor.
(2)  
Results of operations for 2004 include a $1.1 million charge for in-process research and development as it relates to the acquisition of NetChip Technology, Inc. in May 2004.
(3)  
Results of operations for 2003 include a $0.9 million charge for in-process research and development as it relates to the acquisition of HiNT Corporation in May 2003
 
 
This Annual Report on Form 10-K and certain information incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements within the "safe harbor" provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements contained in this Report on Form 10-K that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding our expectations, objectives, anticipations, plans, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements.
 
Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, the statements regarding the following:
 
·  
the growing demand for standards-based components such as our semiconductor devices that connect systems together;
·  
our objective to expand our advantages in data transfer technology;
·  
our expectation that we will support new I/O standards where appropriate;
·  
the statements regarding our objective to continue to expand our market position as a developer and supplier of I/O connectivity solutions for high performance systems;
·  
our plan to target those applications where we believe we can attain a leadership position;
·  
our plan to seek to integrate additional I/O-related functions into our semiconductor devices;
·  
our belief that our understanding of I/O technology trends and market requirements allows us to bring to market more quickly new products that support the latest I/O technology;
·  
that we continue to integrate more functionality in our semiconductor devices and continue to enhance and expand our software development kits;
·  
our belief with respect to the principal factors of competition in the business;
·  
our belief that we compete favorably with respect to each of those factors;
·  
our expectation that revenues related to sales through distributors will continue to account for a large portion of total revenues;
·  
our belief that providing customers with comprehensive product support is critical to remaining competitive in the markets we serve;
·  
our belief that our close contact with customer design engineers provides valuable input into existing product enhancements and next generation product specifications;
·  
our expectation that we will periodically seek to hire additional development engineers;
·  
our expectation that we will continue to make significant investments in research and development in order to continually enhance the performance and functionality of our products to keep pace with competitive products and customer demands for improved performance;
·  
our belief that we must continuously develop our devices using more advanced processes to remain competitive on a cost and performance basis;
·  
our belief that the transition of our products to smaller geometries will be important for us to remain competitive;
·  
our plan to seek patent protection when necessary;
·  
our belief that our current facility will be adequate through 2007;
·  
our intention to retain earnings for use in our business and not to pay any cash dividend in the foreseeable future;
·  
our belief that our long-term success will depend on our ability to introduce new products;
·  
our belief that we may be required to carry higher levels of inventory because of the difficulty in predicting future levels of sales and profitability;
·  
our belief that continued spending on research and development to develop new products is critical to our success and, consequently, expect to increase research and development expenses in future periods;
·  
our expectation that selling, general and administrative expenses in absolute dollars will increase in future periods;
·  
our expectation that we will modestly increase capital expenditures in 2007; and
·  
our belief that our existing resources, together with cash expected to be generated from our operations, will be sufficient to meet our capital requirements for at least the next twelve months.
 
All forward-looking statements included in this document are subject to additional risks and uncertainties further discussed under "Item 1A: Risk Factors - Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results" and are based on information available to us on the date hereof. We assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. It is important to note that our actual results could differ materially from those included in such forward-looking statements. The factors that could cause our actual results to differ from those included in such forward-looking statements are set forth under the heading "Item 1A: Risk Factors - Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results," as well as those disclosed from time to time in our reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K and our Annual Reports to Stockholders.
 
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this report.

Overview 
 
PLX was founded in 1986, and between 1994 and 2002 we focused on development of I/O interface semiconductors and related software and development tools that are used in systems incorporating the PCI standard. In 1994 and 1995, a significant portion of our revenues were derived from the sale of semiconductor devices that perform similar functions as our current products, except they were based on a variety of industry standards. Our revenues since 1996 have been derived predominantly from the sale of semiconductor devices based on the PCI standard to a large number of customers in a variety of applications including networking and telecommunications, enterprise storage, imaging, industrial and other embedded applications as well as in related adapter cards. In 2002, we shifted the majority of our development efforts to PCI Express. In September 2004, we began shipping products based on the PCI Express standard for next-generation systems.
 
We utilize a “fabless” semiconductor business model whereby we purchase wafers and packaged and tested semiconductor devices from independent manufacturing foundries. This approach allows us to focus on defining, developing, and marketing our products and eliminates the need for us to invest large amounts of capital in manufacturing facilities and work-in-process inventory.
 
We rely on a combination of direct sales personnel and distributors and manufacturers’ representatives throughout the world to sell a significant portion of our products. We pay manufacturers’ representatives a commission on sales while we sell products to distributors at a discount from the selling price.
 
Our gross margins have fluctuated in the past and are expected to fluctuate in the future due to changes in product and customer mix, write-downs and recoveries of excess or obsolete inventory, the position of our products in their respective life cycles, and specific product manufacturing costs.
 
The time period between initial customer evaluation and design completion can range from six to twenty-four months or more. Furthermore, there is typically an additional six to twelve month or greater period after design completion before a customer requests volume production of our products. Due to the variability and length of these design cycles and variable demand from customers, we may experience significant fluctuations in new orders from month to month. In addition, we typically make inventory purchases prior to receiving customer orders. Consequently, if anticipated sales and shipments in any quarter do not occur when expected, expenses and inventory levels could be disproportionately high, and our results for that quarter and potentially future quarters would be materially and adversely affected.
 
Our long-term success will depend on our ability to introduce new products. While new products typically generate little or no revenues during the first twelve months following their introduction, our revenues in subsequent periods depend upon these new products. Due to the lengthy sales cycle and additional time before our customers request volume production, significant revenues from our new products typically occur twelve to twenty-four months after product introduction. As a result, revenues from newly introduced products have, in the past, produced a small percentage of our total revenues in the year the product was introduced. See “Item 1A, Risk Factors - Certain Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results -- Our Lengthy Sales Cycle Can Result in Uncertainty and Delays with Regard to Our Expected Revenues” in this Form 10-K.
 
Results of Operations 
 
The following table summarizes historical results of operations as a percentage of net revenues for the periods shown.

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Net revenues
   
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
Cost of revenues
   
41.5
%
 
35.9
%
 
34.4
%
Gross margin
   
58.5
%
 
64.1
%
 
65.6
%
                     
Operating expenses:
                   
Research and development
   
24.8
%
 
33.8
%
 
32.5
%
Selling, general and administrative
   
29.3
%
 
30.4
%
 
29.4
%
Amortization and write-down of purchased intangible assets
   
2.3
%
 
4.1
%
 
3.2
%
In-process research and development
   
0.0
%
 
0.0
%
 
2.1
%
Total operating expenses
   
56.4
%
 
68.3
%
 
67.2
%
Operating income (loss)
   
2.1
%
 
(4.2
)%
 
(1.6
)%
Interest income and other, net
   
2.2
%
 
1.5
%
 
0.8
%
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes
   
4.3
%
 
(2.7
)%
 
(0.8
)%
Provision for income taxes
   
0.6
%
 
0.5
%
 
0.5
%
Net income (loss)
   
3.7
%
 
(3.2
)%
 
(1.3
)%
                     
Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 
 
Net Revenues. Net revenues consist of product revenues generated principally by sales of our semiconductor devices. Net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2006 were $81.4 million, an increase of $26.8 million or 49.1% from $54.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. In the first quarter of 2006 we recognized an additional $2.8 million in net revenues resulting from the change in the accounting for revenues to distributors (see “Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies - Revenue Recognition” in this Form 10-K). The increase in 2006 net revenues was due primarily to the increased unit shipments of our PCI Express products as a result of the general market adoption of the PCI Express standard and higher sales of our USB products and PCI I/O devices. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, sales of our PCI I/O devices, USB products and PCI Express products accounted for 60.9%, 16.9% and 22.2%, respectively, of our total net revenues.  For the twelve months ended December 31, 2005, sales of our PCI I/O devices, USB products and PCI Express products accounted for 78.8%, 14.4% and 6.8%, respectively, of our total net revenues. 
 
For the year ended December 31, 2006, sales to Metatech and Answer Technology, both Asian distributors, accounted for approximately 31% and 10%, respectively, of net revenues. For the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, sales to Metatech accounted for approximately 23% and 13%, respectively, of net revenues. No other distributor or direct customer represented greater than 10% of net revenues. We continue to generate significant revenues from Asia. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, approximately $46.9 million, $28.7 million and $27.2 million, respectively, of net revenues were generated from Asia.  
 
Net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2005 increased by $0.2 million or 0.3% to $54.6 million from $54.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2004. The increase was primarily due to sales of our PCI Express products as a result of the general market adoption of the PCI Express standard, partially offset by lower sales of our PCI I/O devices and USB products.
 
Customer demand for semiconductors can change quickly and unexpectedly.  Our revenue levels have been highly dependent on the amount of new orders that are received for product to be delivered to the customer within the same quarter, also called “turns fill” orders.  Throughout 2005 and 2006, turns fill orders in any given quarter ranged from less than 40% to greater than 60% of our total revenues.  Because of the long cycle time to build our products, our lack of visibility into demand when turns fill is high makes it difficult to predict what product to build to match future demand.  The high turns fill requirement together with the uncertainty of product mix and pricing, make it difficult to predict future levels of sales and profitability and may require us to carry higher levels of inventory.
 
Gross Margin. Gross margin represents net revenues less the cost of revenues. Cost of revenues primarily includes the cost of (1) purchasing semiconductor devices from our independent foundries, (2) packaging, assembly and test services from our independent foundries and assembly and test contractors and (3) our operating costs associated with the procurement, storage and shipment of products.
 
Gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2006 increased by 36.1%, or $12.6 million, to $47.6 million from $35.0 million for 2005. As a percentage of sales, gross margin decreased to 58.5% for 2006 from 64.1% for 2005. Included in gross margin for 2006 is the amount of $1.9 million, resulting from the change in the accounting for revenues to distributors. The decrease as a percentage of sales was primarily attributable to higher sales of PCI Express and USB products, which have lower margins relative to the PCI I/O devices, and lower yields on certain first generation PCI Express products. In addition, we recorded an inventory write-down of approximately $0.5 million, or 0.7 percentage points, in the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2006 primarily due to certain customers migrating from PCI I/O leaded to lead-free devices more quickly than anticipated, resulting in excess leaded inventory. This migration was brought upon by our customers’ efforts to comply with government guidelines that require their products to be lead-free, green, and compliant with the Restrictions on the use of certain Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive.
 
Gross margin for the year ended December 31, 2005 decreased by 0.2%, or $0.7 million, to $35.0 million from $35.7 million for 2004. As a percentage of sales, gross margin decreased to 64.1% for 2005 from 65.6% for 2004. The decrease in absolute dollars and as a percentage of sales was primarily due to a change in our product and customer mix as well as the effect of selling previously written-down inventory of $0.6 million in 2004.
 
Future gross margin is highly dependent on the product and customer mix of net revenues. Accordingly, we are not able to predict future gross profit levels or gross margins with certainty.
 
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development (R&D) expenses consist primarily of salaries, share-based compensation and related costs of employees engaged in research, design, and development activities. In addition, expenses for outside engineering consultants, non-recurring engineering at our independent foundries, and deferred stock compensation are included in R&D expenses.
 
R&D as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 24.8% for the year ended December 31, 2006 as compared to 33.8% for the same period in 2005. In absolute dollars, R&D expenses increased by $1.7 million, or 9.3%, to $20.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, from $18.5 million for the same period in 2005. The percentage decrease is due primarily to an increase in revenues, partially offset by the expensing of share-based compensation expense pursuant to SFAS 123R. The increase in R&D in absolute dollars was due primarily to share-based compensation of $2.0 million as well as higher compensation and benefit expenses of $0.9 million, partially offset by a decrease in external engineering expenses of $1.1 million.
 
R&D as a percentage of net revenues increased to 33.8% for the year ended December 31, 2005 as compared to 32.5% for the same period in 2004. In absolute dollars, R&D expenses increased by $0.8 million, or 4.4%, to $18.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2005, from $17.7 million for the same period in 2004. Included in R&D is stock compensation of $0.1 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004. The increase in R&D in absolute dollars and as a percentage of sales was primarily due to an increase of approximately $0.6 million in compensation and benefit expenses as a result of having a full year’s worth of compensation related to the NetChip acquisition as well as overall higher headcount and an increase in external engineering tools expense of approximately $0.3 million associated with the development of new products and enhancement of existing products.
 
We believe continued spending on research and development to develop new products is critical to our success and, consequently, expect to increase research and development expenses in future periods.
 
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses consist primarily of salaries, share-based compensation and related costs of employees engaged in selling and administrative activities, professional fees, trade show and other promotional expenses, as well as sales commissions to manufacturers' representatives.
 
SG&A as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 29.3% for the year ended December 31, 2006, as compared to 30.4% for the year ended December 31, 2005. In absolute dollars, SG&A expenses increased by $7.3 million or 43.9% to $23.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 from $16.6 million for the same period in 2005. The percentage decrease is due primarily to an increase in revenues, partially offset by the expensing of share-based compensation pursuant to SFAS 123R. The increase in SG&A in absolute dollars was due primarily to share-based compensation of $2.8 million as well as increases in (1) compensation and benefit expenses of $2.2 million, (2) commission expense of $1.3 million resulting from higher revenues, (3) professional fees of $0.3 million, (4) travel expense of $0.3 million and (5) marketing expenses of $0.2 million.
 
SG&A as a percentage of net revenues increased to 30.4% for the year ended December 31, 2005, as compared to 29.4% for the year ended December 31, 2004. In absolute dollars, SG&A expenses increased by $0.6 million or 3.5% to $16.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2005 from $16.0 million for the same period in 2004. The increase in SG&A in absolute dollars and as a percentage of sales was due primarily to higher compensation and benefit expenses of approximately $1.1 million resulting mainly from higher compensation as a result of having a full year’s worth of NetChip related compensation expenses. This was partially offset by lower consulting and professional fees of $0.6 million due in part to the lower cost associated with our 2005 Sarbanes Oxley compliance effort compared to our effort in 2004.
 
We expect SG&A expenses in absolute dollars to increase in future periods.
 
Amortization and Write-down of Purchased Intangible Assets. Amortization and write-down of purchased intangible assets decreased by $0.4 million or 17.2% to $1.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 from $2.3 million for the same period in 2005. The decrease is due to customer base acquired as a result of the HiNT Corporation acquisition in May 2003 being fully amortized in 2006 and a $0.2 million write-down in 2005 of an acquired tradename.
 
Amortization and write-down of purchased intangible assets increased by $0.5 million or 31.7% to $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2005 from $1.7 million for the same period in 2004. The increase is due primarily to (1) having a full year’s worth of amortization expense from developed/core technology and customer base acquired as a result of the NetChip Technology, Inc. acquisition in May 2004 (see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements) and (2) a $0.2 million write-down of a tradename that was acquired as part of the Sebring Systems acquisition in 2000. A portion of the total amortization expense was attributable to amortization of developed/core technology which was $1.0 million and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
 
Interest Income. Interest income reflects interest earned on average cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investment balances. Interest income increased to $1.8 million in 2006 from $0.8 million for 2005. This increase was primarily due to higher cash and investment balances as well as higher interest rates. Interest income increased to $0.8 million in 2005 from $0.4 million for 2004. This increase was also primarily due to higher cash and investment balances as well as higher interest rates.
 
Provision for Income Taxes. Income tax expense for the period ended December 31, 2006 was $0.5 million on a pretax profit of $3.5 million, compared to income tax expense of $0.3 million on a pretax loss of $1.5 million and income tax expense of $0.3 million on a pretax loss of $0.4 million for the periods ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Our 2006 income tax expense differs from the expected expense derived by applying the applicable U.S. federal statutory rate to the income from operations primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance for the deferred tax asset partially offset by (1) a $0.6 million tax benefit from the release of tax reserves following the expiration of certain federal statute of limitations and (2) the benefit of research and development tax credits. Our 2005 income tax expense differs from the expected benefit derived by applying the applicable U.S. federal statutory rate to the loss from operations primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance for the deferred tax asset partially offset by the benefit of research and development tax credits. Our 2004 income tax expense differs from the expected benefit derived by applying the applicable U.S. federal statutory rate to the loss from operations primarily due to the write off of in-process research and development and the impact of purchase accounting. This was partially offset by the benefit of research and development tax credits.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources 
 
In summary, our cash flows were (in thousands):
 
   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
2,883
 
$
3,866
 
$
4,648
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
   
3,537
   
5,958
   
(8,148
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
5,389
   
1,667
   
2,097
 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents
   
(33
)
 
(19
)
 
4
 
                     
 
We invest excess cash predominantly in debt instruments that are highly liquid, of high-quality investment grade, and predominantly have maturities of less than one year with the intent to make such funds readily available for operating purposes. As of December 31, 2006 cash, cash equivalents, short and long-term marketable securities were $42.3 million, an increase of $7.3 million from $35.0 million at December 31, 2005, and an increase of $12.0 million from $30.3 million at December 31, 2004.
 
Cash provided by operating activities primarily consists of net income (loss) adjusted for certain non-cash items including depreciation, amortization, share-based compensation expense, in-process research and development, changes in deferred revenues, write-downs for inventories, changes in pre-acquisition deferred tax balances, other non-cash items, and the effect of changes in working capital and other activities. Cash provided by operating activities in 2006 of $2.9 million consisted primarily of net income of $3.0 million adjusted for non-cash items of $8.1 million, partially offset by $8.2 million used in working capital and other activities. Cash provided by operating activities in 2005 of $3.9 million consisted primarily of a net loss of $1.7 million adjusted for non-cash items of $5.4 million and $0.2 million provided by working capital and other activities. Cash provided by operating activities in 2004 of $4.6 million consisted primarily of a net loss of $0.6 million adjusted for non-cash items of $5.8 million and $0.5 million used in working capital and other activities.
 
Cash provided by investing activities in 2006 of $3.5 million was primarily due to cash provided by proceeds from sales and maturities (net of purchases) of investments in marketable securities of $4.7 million, partially offset by capital expenditures of $1.2 million. Capital expenditures have generally comprised of purchases of computer hardware, software, server equipment and furniture and fixtures, and are currently expected to modestly increase in 2007. Cash provided by investing activities in 2005 of $6.0 million was primarily due to proceeds from sales and maturities (net of purchases) of investments in marketable securities of $6.7 million, partially offset by capital expenditures of $0.7 million. For the year ended December 31, 2004, cash used in investing activities was $8.1 million primarily due to purchases (net of sales and maturities) of investments in marketable securities and capital expenditures of $8.9 million and $1.9 million, respectively, partially offset by cash provided by acquisitions of $2.7 million.
 
Cash provided by financing activities in 2006 of $5.4 million was due to proceeds from the exercise of stock options. Cash provided by financing activities in 2005 of $1.7 million was due to proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants. For the year ended December 31, 2004, cash provided by financing activities of $2.1 million was due to proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $2.0 million and a stockholder note receivable of $0.1 million.
 
The negative effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents during 2006 and 2005 was due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar against other foreign currencies. The positive effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents during 2004 was due to the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against other foreign currencies.
 
In September 2002, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock.  At the discretion of the management, we can repurchase the shares from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.  As of December 31, 2003 approximately 774,000 shares had been repurchased for approximately $1.9 million in cash. We did not repurchase any shares during 2004, 2005 or 2006. 
 
We believe that our existing resources, together with cash generated from our operations will be sufficient to meet our capital requirements for at least the next twelve months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the inventory levels we maintain, the level of investment we make in new technologies and improvements to existing technologies and the levels of monthly expenses required to launch new products. From time to time, we may also evaluate potential acquisitions and equity investments complementary to our technologies and market strategies. To the extent that existing resources and future earnings are insufficient to fund our future activities, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private financings. Additional funds may not be available or, if available, we may not be able to obtain them on terms favorable to us and our stockholders.
 
As of December 31, 2006, we had the following significant contractual obligations and commercial commitments (in thousands):

   
Payments due in
 
   
Total
 
Less than 1 Year
 
1-3 Years
 
Operating leases - facilities and equipment
 
$
168
 
$
105
 
$
63
 
Software licenses
   
6,282
   
4,549
   
1,733
 
Inventory purchase commitments
   
5,276
   
5,276
   
-
 
Total cash obligations
 
$
11,726
 
$
9,930
 
$
1,796
 
                     
 
See Note 10 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our contractual obligations and commercial commitments.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The SEC has defined a company's critical accounting policies as the ones that are most important to the portrayal of the company's financial condition and results of operations, and which require the company to make its most difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters that are inherently uncertain. Based on this definition, we have identified the critical accounting policies and judgments addressed below. We also have other key accounting policies which involve the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that are significant to understanding our results. For additional information see Note 1 (Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) of the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements. Although we believe that our estimates, assumptions and judgments are reasonable, they are based upon information presently available. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions, judgments or conditions.
 
Revenue Recognition. We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery or customer acceptance, where applicable, has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured.
 
Revenue from product sales to direct customers is recognized upon shipment and transfer of risk of loss if we believe collection is reasonably assured and all other revenue recognition criteria are met. We assess the probability of collection based on a number of factors, including past transaction history and the customer’s creditworthiness.  At the end of each reporting period, the sufficiency of allowances is assessed based on the age of the receivable and the individual customer’s creditworthiness.
 
In the first quarter ended March 31, 2006, we completed an evaluation of our revenue recognition methodology and concluded that it was more appropriate to recognize revenues on sales to distributors at the time of shipment to a distributor (also referred to as the sell-in basis of recognizing revenue). Prior to the first quarter, we recognized revenue on sales to distributors when the distributor resold the product to its end customer (also referred to as the sell-through basis of recognizing revenue). Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 48, “Revenue Recognition When Rights of Return Exists”, sets forth conditions that must be met to recognize revenue at the time of shipment. Among those conditions is that a company that provides a right of return or pricing concession to a buyer be able to reasonably estimate the amount of future returns or pricing concessions. In the past, we had concluded that we did not meet this condition and therefore used the sell-through basis of revenue recognition. In the first quarter of 2006, we concluded that we are able to reasonably estimate returns and pricing concessions, and therefore had implemented the sell-in method of accounting for sales to distributors. We recognized an additional $2.8 million in revenues during the first quarter of 2006 due to this change resulting in an increase to diluted earnings per share of $0.06.
 
We offer pricing protection to a single distributor whereby we support the distributor’s resale product margin on certain products held in the distributor’s inventory. In general, we analyze current requests for credit in process, also known as ship and debits, inventory at the distributor and credit expectations to determine the ending sales reserve required for this program. Reserves are reduced directly from revenue and recorded as a reduction to accounts receivable. In addition, we offer stock rotation rights to several distributors such that they can return up to a total of 5% of products purchased every six months in exchange for other PLX products of equal value. In general, we analyze current stock rotation requests and past experience to determine the ending sales reserve required for this program.
 
As of December 31, 2006, we have controls in place to monitor sales returns from and pricing concessions to our distributors. We use data from a variety of controls, such as monthly monitoring of distributor inventory levels, Returns Material Authorization controls and regular monitoring of distributor pricing concession and product rotation requests. We use this data to arrive at a reasonable estimate on sales returns from and pricing concessions to our distributors.
 
Inventory Valuation. We evaluate the need for potential write-downs of inventory by considering a combination of factors. Based on the life of the product, sales history, obsolescence, and sales forecast, we may record write-downs to our inventory ranging from 0% to 100%. Any adverse changes to our future product demand may result in increased write-downs, resulting in decreased gross margin. In addition, future sales on any of our previously written down inventory may result in increased gross margin in the period of sale. In the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2006, we recorded an inventory write-down of approximately $0.5 million primarily due to customers migrating from PCI I/O leaded to lead-free devices quicker than anticipated, resulting in excess leaded inventory. This migration was brought upon by our customers’ efforts to comply with government guidelines that require their products to be lead-free, green, and compliant with the Restrictions on the use of certain Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive.
 
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. We evaluate the collectibility of our accounts receivable based on length of time the receivables are past due, generally thirty days. We record reserves for bad debts against amounts due to reduce the net recognized receivable to the amount we reasonably believe will be collected. Once we have exhausted collection efforts, we will reduce the related accounts receivable against the allowance established for that receivable. We have certain customers with individually large amounts due at any given balance sheet date. Any unanticipated change in one of those customer's creditworthiness or other matters affecting the collectibility of amounts due from such customers could have a material affect on our results of operations in the period in which such changes or events occur. Historically, our write-offs have been insignificant.
 
 Goodwill. Our methodology for allocating the purchase price related to purchase acquisitions is determined through established valuation techniques. Goodwill is measured as the excess of the cost of the acquisition over the amounts assigned to identifiable assets acquired less assumed liabilities. We have one operating segment and business reporting unit, the sales of semiconductor devices, and we perform goodwill impairment tests annually on November 1 and between annual tests in certain circumstances. To date, no such impairment has been recorded. In response to changes in industry and market conditions, we may strategically realign our resources and consider restructuring, disposing of, or otherwise exiting businesses, which could result in an impairment of goodwill.
 
Taxes. We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method.  Deferred taxes are determined based on the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse.  Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. As of December 31, 2006, we carried a valuation allowance for the entire deferred tax asset of $16.4 million as a result of uncertainties regarding the realization of the asset balance (see Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements).The net deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based upon weighted available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. We must make significant judgments to determine our provision for income taxes, our deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance to be recorded against our net deferred tax asset. As of December 2006, a valuation allowance continues to be recorded for the net deferred tax asset based on management’s assessment that realization of deferred tax assets is uncertain due to the history of losses, the variability of operating results and the inability to conclude that it is more likely than not that sufficient taxable income would be generated in future periods to realize those deferred tax assets. Future taxable income and/or tax planning strategies may eliminate all or a portion of the need for the valuation allowance. In the event we determine we are able to realize our deferred tax asset, an adjustment to the valuation allowance may significantly increase income in the period such determination is made.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements 
 
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”) - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. This Interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return, and provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and, as such, we must adopt FIN 48 at January 1, 2007. We are currently assessing the impact of FIN 48 on its financial statements.

In September 2006, FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”).  SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have on its financial position and results of operations.
 
In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements When Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”). The interpretations in SAB 108 are being issued to address diversity in practice in quantifying financial statement misstatements and the potential under current practice for the build up of improper amounts on the balance sheet. SAB 108 is effective for the first interim period of the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. We have evaluated the new statement and have determined that it will not have a significant impact on the determination or reporting of our financial results.
 
 
We have an investment portfolio of fixed income securities, including those classified as cash equivalents and investments of approximately $39.3 million at December 31, 2006. These securities are subject to interest rate fluctuations and will decrease in market value if interest rates increase.
 
The primary objective of the Company's investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing yields without significantly increasing risk. The Company invests primarily in high-quality, short-term and long-term debt instruments. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates would result in approximately a $0.1 million decrease (less than 1%) in the fair value of the Company's available-for-sale securities. At December 31, 2006, we had an unrealized gain on our investments of approximately $6,000 and an unrealized loss of $43,000 at December 31, 2005.
 
 
The information required by this Item is contained in the financial statements and schedule set forth in Item 15 (a) of this Form 10-K.

 
None.
 
 
Controls and Procedures
 
(a)  
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.
 
Based on their evaluation as of December 31, 2006, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) were effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in this Annual Report on Form 10-K was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and instructions for Form 10-K and that such disclosure controls and procedures were also effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
(b) Changes in internal controls.
 
From time to time, our system of internal controls are modified based on either internal or external changes. For example, in the third quarter of 2006, our Chief Financial Officer, Rafael Torres, resigned. As a result, we modified our system of controls to address segregation of duties related controls as appropriate. There have been no additional changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recent fiscal year that has materially affected or is reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO") in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Our management has concluded that, as of December 31, 2006, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on these criteria. Our independent registered public accounting firm, BDO Seidman, LLP, have issued an audit report on our assessment of our internal control over financial reporting, which is included herein.
 
 
On February 26, 2007, the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of the Board of Directors of PLX Technology, Inc. (the “Company”), approved the 2007 Variable Compensation Plan (the “Plan”) effective as of January 1, 2007 to encourage performance and achieve retention of a select group of executive employees of the Company. The Plan is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”), recently enacted under the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004. Section 409A imposes a number of requirements on non-qualified deferred compensation plans, primarily relating to the timing of elections and distributions. The following is a summary of the terms and conditions of the Plan that are material to the Company. The Plan provides for a variable compensation amount for the 2007 performance to be awarded to eligible employees. Portions of such bonus amount shall be paid to employees on the last business day of January of each of 2008, 2009 and 2010.
 
Through December 31, 2007, the Committee, in its sole and unlimited discretion, may amend or terminate the Plan. After January 1, 2008, the Committee may amend or terminate the Plan, provided that such amendment does not reduce or increase any benefit to which a participant has accrued and is otherwise entitled to under the terms of the Plan, nor accelerate the timing of any payment under the Plan, except as permitted under Code Section 409A.
 
The foregoing description of the Plan is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Plan, a copy of which is filed herewith as Exhibit 10.16 and is incorporated herein by reference.
 
 
 
 
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
 
 
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
 
 
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
 
 
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
 
 
The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the Company's Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.  
 

 
 
 
(a)         1.      Consolidated Financial Statements
 
       For the following financial information included herein, see Index on page 36:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of,Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005.
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006.
 
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006.
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006.
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
2.  
Financial Statement Schedule
 
The financial statement schedules of the Company are included in Part IV of this report: For the three years ended December 31, 2006-II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts. All other schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable.
 
3.  
Exhibit Index
 
See Exhibit Index immediately following the signature page for a list of exhibits filed or incorporated by reference as a part of this report.
 
(b)  
Exhibits
 
The Company hereby files, as exhibits to this Form 10-K, those exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index referenced in Item 15 (a) (3) above.
 


PLX TECHNOLOGY, INC. 
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

   
Page
 
       
   
         
   
         
   
         
   
         
   
         
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006    
         
   
         
   


 
 
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
PLX Technology, Inc.
Sunnyvale, California
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of PLX Technology, Inc. as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the years then ended. We have also audited Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts as of and for each of the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements and schedule are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements and schedule, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements and schedule. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of PLX Technology, Inc. at December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein as of and for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005.
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the effectiveness of PLX Technology, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated February 26, 2007 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
 
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment.
 
/s/ BDO Seidman, LLP
San Francisco, California
February 26, 2007
 


 
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
PLX Technology, Inc.
Sunnyvale, California
 
We have audited management's assessment, included in the accompanying Management Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, that PLX Technology, Inc. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on management's assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of the company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management's assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
In our opinion, management's assessment that PLX Technology, Inc. maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006 is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the COSO criteria. Also, in our opinion, PLX Technology, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2006, based on the COSO criteria.
 
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the 2006 and 2005 financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index, of PLX Technology, Inc. and our report dated February 26, 2007, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
 
/s/ BDO Seidman, LLP
San Francisco, California
February 26, 2007
 

 
 
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
PLX Technology, Inc.
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows of PLX Technology, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2004. Our audit also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) for the year ended December 31, 2004. These consolidated financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and schedule based on our audit.
 
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated results of operations and cash flows of PLX Technology, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2004, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.
 
/s/ Ernst & Young, LLP
 
San Jose, California
February 24, 2005
 


CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
 

   
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
             
ASSETS
             
Current Assets:
             
   Cash and cash equivalents
 
$
32,804
 
$
21,028
 
   Short-term investments
   
5,853
   
14,015
 
   Accounts receivable, less allowances of $312 and $211
   
8,491
   
6,203
 
   Inventories
   
8,295
   
4,328
 
   Other current assets
   
600
   
1,842
 
Total current assets
   
56,043
   
47,416
 
Goodwill
   
34,976
   
35,818
 
Other purchased intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $7,944 and $6,071
   
2,856
   
4,729
 
Property and equipment, net
   
28,744
   
29,535
 
Long-term investments
   
3,666
   
-
 
Other assets
   
1,663
   
413
 
Total assets
 
$
127,948
 
$
117,911
 
               
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
             
Current Liabilities:
             
   Accounts payable
 
$
2,995
 
$
4,530
 
   Accrued compensation and benefits
   
2,417
   
1,754
 
   Deferred margins
   
-
   
1,963
 
   Accrued commissions
   
1,100
   
298
 
   Other accrued expenses
   
500
   
1,877
 
Total current liabilities
   
7,012
   
10,422
 
               
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
             
Stockholders' equity:
             
   Preferred stock, $.001 par value per share:
             
      Authorized -- 5,000,000 shares: none issued and outstanding
   
-
   
-
 
   Common stock, $.001 par value per share:
             
      Authorized -- 50,000,000 shares: issued and outstanding -- 28,626,328 and 27,666,868
   
29
   
28
 
   Additional paid-in capital
   
128,735
   
118,313
 
   Accumulated other comprehensive loss
   
(96
)
 
(114
)
   Accumulated deficit
   
(7,732
)
 
(10,738
)
Total stockholders' equity
   
120,936
   
107,489
 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
 
$
127,948
 
$
117,911
 
               
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 

 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)

     Years Ended December 31,  
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Net revenues
 
$
81,425
 
$
54,615
 
$
54,449
 
Cost of revenues
   
33,795
   
19,613
   
18,739
 
Gross margin
   
47,630
   
35,002
   
35,710
 
                     
Operating expenses:
                   
   Research and development
   
20,194
   
18,469
   
17,686
 
   Selling, general and administrative
   
23,848
   
16,577
   
16,014
 
   Amortization and write-down of purchased intangible assets
   
1,873
   
2,262
   
1,718
 
   In-process research and development
   
-
   
-
   
1,123
 
Total operating expenses
   
45,915
   
37,308
   
36,541
 
Operating income (loss)
   
1,715
   
(2,306
)
 
(831
)
Interest income
   
1,763
   
812
   
435
 
Other income, net
   
40
   
11
   
12
 
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes
   
3,518
   
(1,483
)
 
(384
)
Provision for income taxes
   
512
   
265
   
258
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
3,006
 
$
(1,748
)
$
(642
)
                     
Basic net income (loss) per share
 
$
0.11
 
$
(0.06
)
$
(0.03
)
                     
Shares used to compute basic per share amounts
   
28,177
   
27,198
   
25,422
 
                     
Diluted net income (loss) per share
 
$
0.10
 
$
(0.06
)
$
(0.03
)
                     
Shares used to compute diluted per share amounts
   
28,925
   
27,198
   
25,422
 
                     
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 

 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands, except share amounts)
 

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes
 
Accumulated
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Receivable
 
Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additional
 
for Employee
 
Comprehensive
 
 
 
Total
 
   
Common Stock
 
Paid-in
 
Stock
 
Income 
 
Accumulated 
 
Stockholders'
 
 
 
Shares
 
Amount
 
Capital
 
Repurchases
 
(Loss)
 
Deficit
 
Equity
 
Balance at December 31, 2003
   
23,848,168
 
$
24
 
$
84,464
 
$
(70
)
$
(49
)
$
(8,348
)
$
76,021
 
Issuance of common stock and options related to the acquisition of HiNT Corporation
   
337,162
         
2,994
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
2,994
 
Issuance of common stock and options related to the acquisition of NetChip Technology, Inc.
   
2,035,077
   
2
   
22,588
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
22,590
 
Deferred compensation on options issued related to acquisition of HiNT Corporation
   
-
   
-
   
(869
)
 
-
   
-
   
-
   
(869
)
Issuance of stock pursuant to exercise of stock options
   
486,356
   
1
   
2,026
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
2,027
 
Repayment of stockholder notes receivable
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
70
   
-
   
-
   
70
 
Amortization of deferred stock compensation
   
-
   
-
   
130
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
130
 
Comprehensive loss:
                                           
   Change in unrealized loss on investments
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(163
)
 
-
   
(163
)
   Translation adjustments
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
1
   
-
   
1
 
Net loss
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(642
)
 
(642
)
Total comprehensive loss                                         (804 
Balance at December 31, 2004
   
26,706,763
   
27
   
111,333
   
-
   
(211
)
 
(8,990
)
 
102,159
 
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants assumed in the acquisition of HiNT Corporation
   
3,057
   
-
   
26
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
26
 
Issuance of common stock related to the acquisition of NetChip Technology, Inc.
   
554,306
   
1
   
5,119
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
5,120
 
Issuance of stock pursuant to exercise of stock options
   
402,742
   
-
   
1,641
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
1,641
 
Amortization of deferred stock compensation
   
-
   
-
   
168
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
168
 
Tax benefit related to exercise of stock options
   
-
   
-
   
26
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
26
 
Comprehensive loss:
                                           
   Change in unrealized loss on investments
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
115
   
-
   
115
 
   Translation adjustments
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(18
)
 
-
   
(18
)
Net loss
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(1,748
)
 
(1,748
)
Total comprehensive loss
                                       
(1,651
)
Balance at December 31, 2005
   
27,666,868
   
28
   
118,313
   
-
   
(114
)
 
(10,738
)
 
107,489
 
Share-based compensation expense
         
-
   
4,903
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
4,903
 
Issuance of stock pursuant to exercise of stock options
   
959,460
   
1
   
5,388
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
5,389
 
Tax benefit related to exercise of stock options
   
-
   
-
   
131
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
131
 
Comprehensive income:
                                           
   Change in unrealized loss on investments
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
48
   
-
   
48
 
   Translation adjustments
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
(30
)
 
-
   
(30
)
Net income
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
3,006
   
3,006
 
Total comprehensive income
                                       
3,024
 
Balance at December 31, 2006
   
28,626,328
 
$
29
 
$
128,735
 
$
-
 
$
(96
)
$
(7,732
)
$
120,936
 
                                             
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 

 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Cash flows from operating activities
             
   Net income (loss)
 
$
3,006
 
$
(1,748
)
$
(642
)
   Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash flows provided by operating activities:
                   
      Depreciation and amortization
   
1,979
   
2,065
   
2,197
 
      Share-based compensation expense
   
4,903
   
-
   
-
 
      Amortization of deferred stock compensation
   
-
   
168
   
130
 
      Amortization and write-down of purchased intangible assets
   
1,873
   
2,262
   
1,718
 
      In-process research and development
   
-
   
-
   
1,123
 
      Deferred margins
   
(1,963
)
 
653
   
319
 
      Write-downs for inventories
   
546
   
-
   
-
 
      Changes in pre-acquisition deferred tax balances
   
842
   
207
   
162
 
      Other non-cash items
   
(84
)
 
215
   
135
 
      Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                   
         Accounts receivable
   
(2,251
)
 
(1,123
)
 
1,480
 
         Inventories
   
(4,513
)
 
(169
)
 
(1,772
)
         Other current assets
   
1,242
   
216
   
(313
)
         Other assets
   
(1,250
)
 
(333
)
 
253
 
         Accounts payable
   
(1,535
)
 
903
   
766
 
         Accrued compensation and benefits
   
663
   
(59
)
 
360
 
         Accrued commissions
   
802
   
(2
)
 
(233
)
         Other accrued expenses
   
(1,377
)
 
611
   
(1,035
)
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
2,883
   
3,866
   
4,648
 
                     
Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities:
                   
   Cash paid for the acquisition of HiNT Corporation
   
-
   
-
   
(137
)
   Cash acquired in acquisition of NetChip Technology, Inc.
   
-
   
-
   
2,821
 
   Purchase of investments
   
(13,703
)
 
(6,027
)
 
(22,815
)
   Sales and maturities of investments
   
18,428
   
12,725
   
13,902
 
   Purchase of property and equipment
   
(1,188
)
 
(740
)
 
(1,919
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
   
3,537
   
5,958
   
(8,148
)
                     
Cash flows provided by financing activities:
                   
   Proceeds from exercise of common stock options
   
5,389
   
1,641
   
2,027
 
   Proceeds from exercise of warrants
   
-
   
26
   
-
 
   Proceeds from stockholder notes receivable
   
-
   
-
   
70
 
Net cash provided by financing activities
   
5,389
   
1,667
   
2,097
 
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents
   
(33
)
 
(19
)
 
4
 
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
   
11,776
   
11,472
   
(1,399
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
   
21,028
   
9,556
   
10,955
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
 
$
32,804
 
$
21,028
 
$
9,556
 
                     
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
                   
   Cash from income tax refunds
 
$
9
 
$
79
 
$
16
 
   Cash paid for income taxes
 
$
135
 
$
14
 
$
74
 
                     
Non-cash investing and financing activities
                   
   Common stock issued for the acquisition of HiNT Corporation
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
2,994
 
   Common stock issued for the acquisition of NetChip Technology, Inc.
 
$
-
 
$
5,120
 
$
22,590
 
                     
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 

 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
 
1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 
 
Description of Business 
 
PLX Technology, Inc. ("PLX" or the "Company"), a Delaware corporation established in May 1986, develops and supplies semiconductor devices that accelerate and manage the transfer of data in microprocessor-based systems including networking and telecommunications, enterprise storage, servers, personal computers (PCs), PC peripherals, consumer electronics, imaging and industrial products. The Company offers a complete solution consisting of three related types of products: semiconductor devices, software development kits and hardware design kits. The Company’s semiconductor devices simplify the development of data transfer circuits in micro-processor based systems. The Company’s software development kits and hardware design kits promote sales of its semiconductor devices by lowering customers' development costs and by accelerating their ability to bring new products to market. The Company utilizes a “fabless” semiconductor business model whereby it purchases wafers and packaged and tested semiconductor devices from independent manufacturing foundries. Semiconductor devices account for substantially all of the Company's net revenues.
 
Basis of Presentation 
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries in China, Japan, Taiwan and the United Kingdom. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents 
 
The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
 
Investments   
 
The Company accounts for its investments in accordance with SFAS No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities". At December 31, 2006, the Company’s securities consisted of debt securities. Under SFAS 115, management determines the appropriate classification of debt securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date. At December 31, 2006 and 2005, all debt securities were designated as available-for-sale. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reported in a separate component of stockholders' equity. The fair value of securities is based on quoted market prices. The amortized cost of debt securities in this category is adjusted for the amortization of premiums and the accretion of discounts to maturity. Such amortization, as well as any interest earned on the securities, is included in interest income. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on available-for-sale securities are included in interest income. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method.
 
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 
 
Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in its existing accounts receivable. The Company determines the allowance based on historical write-off experience and customer economic data. The Company reviews its allowance for doubtful accounts monthly. Past due balances over 90 days are reviewed individually for collectibility. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when the Company believes that it is probable the receivable will not be recovered.

Inventories 
 
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. Inventories were as follows:

   
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Work-in-process
 
$
1,226
 
$
1,605
 
Finished goods
   
7,069
   
2,723
 
Total
 
$
8,295
 
$
4,328
 
               

The Company evaluates the need for potential write-downs of inventory by considering a combination of factors. Based on the life of the product, sales history, obsolescence and sales forecast, the Company may record write-downs to inventory ranging from 0% to 100%.
 
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
 
Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the value of net assets of businesses acquired pursuant to SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations" and is carried at cost unless write-downs for impairment are required. The Company evaluates the carrying value of goodwill on an annual basis (November 1st) and whenever events and changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Such indicators would include a significant reduction in the Company's market capitalization, a decrease in operating results or a deterioration in the Company's financial position. To date, no such impairment has been recorded. The Company operates under a single reporting unit and accordingly, all of its goodwill is associated with the entire company.
 
The purchased intangible assets including customer base and developed/core technology are being amortized over the assets’ useful lives, which ranges from three to six years. Also, see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company evaluates other intangible assets for impairment whenever events and circumstances indicate that such assets might be impaired.
 
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 are as follows (in thousands):

Balance as of December 31, 2004
 
$
30,965
 
NetChip acquisition - additional consideration
   
5,120
 
Changes in pre-acquisition deferred tax balances
   
(207
)
Other
   
(60
)
Balance as of December 31, 2005
   
35,818
 
Changes in pre-acquisition deferred tax balances
   
(842
)
Balance as of December 31, 2006
 
$
34,976
 
         
Long-lived Asset Impairment
 
Long-lived assets, principally property and equipment and identifiable intangibles, held and used by the Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144 “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”. The Company evaluates recoverability of assets to be held and used by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to estimated future net undiscounted cash flows generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Also see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Property and Equipment 
 
Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of 39 years for buildings and three to five years for equipment, furniture and purchased software. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the useful lives of the assets or the terms of the leases.
 
Property and equipment are as follows:

   
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Land
 
$
8,550
 
$
8,550
 
Building
   
19,333
   
19,333
 
Equipment and furniture
   
11,447
   
10,357
 
Purchased software
   
4,090
   
4,064
 
     
43,420
   
42,304
 
Accumulated depreciation and amortization
   
(14,676
)
 
(12,769
)
Net property and equipment
 
$
28,744
 
$
29,535
 
               
 
Depreciation expense was approximately $2.0 million, $2.1 million and $2.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively.
 
Foreign Currency Translation
 
The functional currency of each of the Company’s international subsidiaries in China, Japan, Taiwan and the United Kingdom is the United States dollar. Assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated into the Company’s reporting currency at month-end exchange rates. Revenues and expenses of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated into the Company’s reporting currency at weighted-average exchange rates.
 
Income Taxes
 
Income taxes are accounted for using the asset and liability method in accordance with SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”. Under this method, deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that all or some portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized.
 
Revenue Recognition 
 
The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery or customer acceptance, where applicable, has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collection is reasonably assured.
 
Revenue from product sales to direct customers and distributors is recognized upon shipment and transfer of risk of loss, if the Company believes collection is reasonably assured and all other revenue recognition criteria are met. The Company assesses the probability of collection based on a number of factors, including past transaction history and the customer’s creditworthiness.  At the end of each reporting period, the sufficiency of allowances is assessed based on the age of the receivable and the individual customer’s creditworthiness.
 
In the first quarter ended March 31, 2006, the Company completed an evaluation of its revenue recognition methodology and concluded that it was more appropriate to recognize revenues on sales to distributors at the time of shipment to a distributor (also referred to as the sell-in basis of recognizing revenue). Prior to the first quarter, the Company recognized revenue on sales to distributors when the distributor resold the product to its end customer (also referred to as the sell-through basis of recognizing revenue). SFAS No. 48, “Revenue Recognition When Rights of Return Exists”, sets forth conditions that must be met to recognize revenue at the time of shipment. Among those conditions is that a company that provides a right of return or pricing concession to a buyer be able to reasonably estimate the amount of future returns or pricing concessions. In the past, the Company had concluded that it did not meet this condition and therefore used the sell-through basis of revenue recognition. In the first quarter of 2006, the Company concluded that it is able to reasonably estimate returns and pricing concessions, and therefore had implemented the sell-in method of accounting for sales to distributors. The Company recognized an additional $2.8 million in revenues during the first quarter of 2006 due to this change resulting in an increase to diluted earnings per share of $0.06.
 
The Company offers pricing protection to a single distributor whereby the Company supports the distributor’s resale product margin on certain products held in the distributor’s inventory. In general, the Company analyzes current requests for credit in process, also known as ship and debits, inventory at the distributor and credit expectations to determine the ending sales reserve required for this program. Reserves are reduced directly from revenue and recorded as a reduction to accounts receivable. In addition, the Company offers stock rotation rights to several distributors such that they can return up to a total of 5% of products purchased every six months in exchange for other PLX products of equal value. In general, the Company analyzes current stock rotation requests and past experience to determine the ending sales reserve required for this program.
 
As of December 31, 2006, the Company has controls in place to monitor sales returns from and pricing concessions to our distributors. The Company uses data from a variety of controls, such as monthly monitoring of distributor inventory levels, Returns Material Authorization controls and regular monitoring of distributor pricing concession and product rotation requests. The Company uses this data to arrive at a reasonable estimate on sales returns from and pricing concessions to its distributors.
 
Product Warranty
 
The Company generally sells products with a limited warranty of product quality for a period of one year and a limited indemnification of customers against intellectual property infringement claims related to the Company’s products. The Company accrues for known warranty and indemnification issues if a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated, and accrues for estimated incurred but unidentified issues based on historical activity.
 
Software Development Costs 
 
In accordance with SFAS No. 86, "Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed," the Company is required to capitalize eligible computer software costs upon achievement of technological feasibility subject to net realizable value considerations. The Company has defined technological feasibility as completion of a working model. The period between the achievement of technological feasibility and release of the Company's software products has been of short duration. As of December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004 such costs were insignificant. Accordingly, the Company has charged all such costs to research and development expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect various accounts, including but not limited to goodwill, income taxes, inventories, revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, share-based compensation and warranty reserves as reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates and such differences may be material to the financial statements.

Comprehensive Loss 
 
At December 31, 2006, the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity, consisted of the following:

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments, net
 
$
6
 
$
(42
)
$
(157
)
Cumulative translation adjustments
   
(102
)
 
(72
)
 
(54
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
$
(96
)
$
(114
)
$
(211
)
                     

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 
 
In June 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”) - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. This Interpretation prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return, and provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006 and, as such, the Company must adopt FIN 48 at January 1, 2007. The Company is currently assessing the impact of FIN 48 on its financial statements.

In September 2006, FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”).  SFAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that the adoption of SFAS 157 will have on its financial position and results of operations.
 
In September 2006, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements When Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB 108”). The interpretations in SAB 108 are being issued to address diversity in practice in quantifying financial statement misstatements and the potential under current practice for the build up of improper amounts on the balance sheet. SAB 108 is effective for the first interim period of the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. The Company has evaluated the new statement and has determined that it will not have a significant impact on the determination or reporting of its financial results.
 
2. Share-Based Compensation 
 
Stock Option Plans
 
In January 1998, the Company’s stockholders approved the 1998 Stock Incentive Plan (“1998 Plan”). Under the 1998 Plan, options generally vest over four years and have a maximum term of 10 years. The Board of Directors establishes the exercise price as the closing price quoted on NASDAQ on the date of grant. In addition to stock options, the 1998 Plan allows for the grant of restricted stock, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, performance units, dividends and dividend equivalents.
 
In January 1999, the Company’s stockholders approved the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan (“1999 Plan”). The 1999 Plan has substantially the same terms as the 1998 Plan.
 
Share-Based Compensation Expense
 
On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment”, (“SFAS 123R”) which establishes standards for the accounting of transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, primarily focusing on accounting for transactions where an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions. SFAS 123R requires the Company to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments, including stock options, based on the grant-date fair value of the award and to recognize it as compensation expense over the period the employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. SFAS 123R supersedes the Company’s previous accounting under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” (“APB 25”) for periods beginning in fiscal 2006. In March 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB 107”) relating to SFAS 123R. The Company has applied the provisions of SAB 107 in its adoption of SFAS 123R.
 
The Company adopted SFAS 123R using the modified prospective transition method, which requires the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006, the first day of the Company’s fiscal year 2006. In accordance with the modified prospective transition method, the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for prior periods have not been restated to reflect, and do not include, the impact of SFAS 123R.
 
SFAS 123R requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant. The fair value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company accounted for share-based awards to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method in accordance with APB 25 as allowed under SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”). Under the intrinsic value method, no share-based compensation expense had been recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations, other than as related to option grants to employees and directors below the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of grant.
 
Share-based compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the value of the portion of share-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest during the period. Share-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal year 2006 included compensation expense for share-based payment awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of December 31, 2005 based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the pro forma provisions of SFAS 123 and compensation expense for the share-based payment awards granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123R. As share-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the fiscal year 2006 is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it has been reduced for estimated forfeitures. SFAS 123R requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. Our estimated forfeiture rate for the year ended December 31, 2006 of approximately 30% was based on historical forfeiture experience to anticipate actual forfeitures in the future. In the Company’s pro forma information required under SFAS 123 for the periods prior to fiscal 2006, the Company accounted for forfeitures as they occurred.
 
SFAS 123R requires the cash flows resulting from the tax benefits generated from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost recognized for those options to be classified as financing cash flows. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R those benefits would have been reported as operating cash flows had the Company received any tax benefits related to stock option exercises.
 
 In November 2005, the FASB issued Staff Position No. FAS 123(R)-3, “Transition Election Related to Accounting for the Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards” (“FSP 123R-3”). The Company has elected to adopt the alternative transition method provided in FSP 123R-3 for calculating the tax effects of stock-based compensation under SFAS 123R. The alternative transition method includes simplified methods to establish the beginning balance of the additional paid-in-capital pool (“APIC pool”) related to the tax effects of stock-based compensation, and for determining the subsequent impact on the APIC pool and consolidated statements of cash flows of the tax effects of stock-based compensation awards that are outstanding upon adoption of SFAS 123R.
 
The fair value of share-based awards to employees is calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, even though this model was developed to estimate the fair value of freely tradable, fully transferable options without vesting restrictions, which differ significantly from the Company’s stock options. The Black-Scholes model requires subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which greatly affect the calculated values. The expected term of options granted is derived from historical data on employee exercises and post-vesting employment termination behavior. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S Treasury rates in effect during the corresponding period of grant. The Company calculated its expected volatility assumption required in the Black-Scholes model by blending the historical volatility of its stock with the implied volatility for traded options on its stock. These factors could change in the future, which would affect the share-based compensation expense in future periods.
 
Valuation and Expense Information Under SFAS 123R
 
The weighted-average fair value of share-based compensation to employees is based on the multiple option valuation approach. Forfeitures are estimated and it is assumed no dividends will be declared. The estimated fair value of share-based compensation awards to employees is amortized using the straight-line method over the vesting period of the options. The weighted-average fair value calculations are based on the following average assumptions:

   
Year Ended
 
   
December 31, 2006
 
Volatility
   
0.67
 
Expected life of options (in years)
   
4.39
 
Dividend yield
   
0.00
%
Risk-free interest rate
   
4.72
%
         
 
The following table shows total share-based compensation expense recorded for the year ended December 31, 2006, (in thousands):
 
   
Year Ended
 
   
December 31, 2006
 
Cost of revenues
 
$
51
 
Research and development
   
2,004
 
Selling, general and administrative
   
2,848
 
Pre-tax stock-based compensation expense
   
4,903
 
Income tax
   
-
 
Net stock-based compensation expense
 
$
4,903
 
         
 
A summary of option activity under the Company’s stock equity plans during the three years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 are as follows:

   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted Average
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Remaining
 
Aggregate
 
 
 
Options Available
 
Number of
 
Weighted Average
 
Contractual Term
 
Intrinsic
 
Options
 
for Grant
 
Shares
 
Exercise Price
 
(in years)
 
Value
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2003:
   
1,389,528
   
4,236,414
 
$
10.34
             
Authorized
   
700,000
   
-
   
-
             
Assumed
   
-
   
126,419
   
1.84
             
Granted
   
(969,850
)
 
969,850
   
10.41
             
Exercised
   
-
   
(486,356
)
 
4.17
             
Cancelled
   
444,453
   
(480,292
)
 
11.52
             
Outstanding at December 31, 2004:
   
1,564,131
   
4,366,035
   
10.66
   
6.85
 
$
12,482,793
 
Granted
   
(979,300
)
 
979,300
   
8.96
             
Exercised
   
-
   
(402,742
)
 
4.08
             
Cancelled
   
448,074
   
(459,542
)
 
13.75
             
Outstanding at December 31, 2005:
   
1,032,905
   
4,483,051
   
10.57
   
5.95
 
$
5,747,342
 
Authorized
   
800,000
   
-
   
-
             
Granted
   
(880,250
)
 
880,250
   
12.29
             
Exercised
   
-
   
(959,460
)
 
5.62
             
Cancelled
   
687,355
   
(690,364
)
 
14.77
             
Outstanding at December 31, 2006
   
1,640,010
   
3,713,477
   
11.47
   
5.39
 
$
11,718,444
 
                                 
Exercisable at December 31, 2006
         
2,235,892
 
$
12.01
   
4.87
 
$
8,126,245
 
                                 
 
The Black-Scholes weighted average fair values of options granted during the years ended December 31, 2006 2005 and 2004 were $6.98, $7.14 and $8.53, respectively.
 
The following table summarizes ranges of outstanding and exercisable options as of December 31, 2006:

   
Options Outstanding
 
Options Exercisable
 
   
 
 
Weighted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Average
 
Weighted
 
 
 
Weighted
 
 
 
 
 
Remaining
 
Average
 
 
 
Average
 
Range of
 
Number
 
Contractual
 
Exercise
 
Number
 
Exercise
 
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding
 
Life
 
Price
 
Exercisable
 
Price
 
$0.88-$7.75
   
700,764
   
5.03 years
 
$
5.29
   
570,843
 
$
5.01
 
$4.48-$7.95
   
634,392
   
5.46 years
   
8.54
   
340,677
   
8.40
 
$7.98-$9.00
   
621,638
   
5.75 years
   
9.21
   
452,046
   
9.16
 
$9.12-$10.29
   
925,250
   
6.21 years
   
11.91
   
94,540
   
10.85
 
$12.37-$21.06
   
827,433
   
4.48 years
   
20.09
   
773,786
   
20.48
 
$23.31-$27.00
   
4,000
   
3.58 years
   
27.00
   
4,000
   
27.00
 
Total
   
3,713,477
   
5.39 years
 
$
11.47
   
2,235,892
 
$
12.01
 
                                 
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2006 was approximately $6.2 million. As of December 31, 2006, total unrecognized compensation costs related to nonvested stock options net of estimated forfeitures was $3.4 million which is expected to be recognized as expense over a weighted average period of approximately 1.24 years.
 
Pro Forma Information Under SFAS 123 for Periods Prior to Fiscal 2006
 
Prior to fiscal 2006, the weighted-average fair value of share-based compensation to employees was based on the multiple option valuation approach. Forfeitures were recognized as they occurred and it was assumed no dividends would be declared. The estimated fair value of share-based compensation awards to employees was amortized ratably over the vesting period of the options. The weighted-average fair value calculations were based on the following weighted-average assumptions:

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2005
 
2004
 
Volatility
   
0.93
   
1.13
 
Expected life of options (in years)
   
4.68
   
5.10
 
Risk-free interest rate
   
4.00
%
 
3.55
%
 
Pro forma results are as follows (in thousands except per share amounts):

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2005
 
2004
 
   
(in thousands, except per share data)
 
Net loss as reported
 
$
(1,748
)
$
(642
)
Add: Share-based compensation included in reported net loss
   
168
   
130
 
Deduct: Share-based compensation cost under SFAS 123
   
(5,291
)
 
(5,257
)
Pro forma net loss
 
$
(6,871
)
$
(5,769
)
               
Pro forma basic and diluted net loss per common share:
             
Pro forma shares used in the calculation of pro forma net loss per common share - basic and diluted
   
27,198
   
25,422
 
Pro forma shares used in the calculation of pro forma net income per common share - diluted
   
27,198
   
25,422
 
Pro forma net loss per common share - basic and diluted
 
$
(0.25
)
$
(0.23
)
Reported net loss per common share - basic and diluted
 
$
(0.06
)
$
(0.03
)
               
3. Net Income (Loss) Per Share 
 
The Company uses the treasury stock method to calculate the weighted-average shares used in the diluted earnings per share in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share”. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share data):

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
   
(in thousands)
 
               
Net income (loss)
 
$
3,006
 
$
(1,748
)
$
(642
)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding
   
28,177
   
27,198
   
25,422
 
Net income (loss) per share - basic
 
$
0.11
 
$
(0.06
)
$
(0.03
)
Shares used in computing basic net income (loss) per share
   
28,177
   
27,198
   
25,422
 
Dilutive effect of stock options
   
748
   
-
   
-
 
Shares used in computing diluted net income (loss) per share
   
28,925
   
27,198
   
25,422
 
Net income (loss) per share - diluted
 
$
0.10
 
$
(0.06
)
$
(0.03
)
                     
    Weighted average employee stock options to purchase approximately 1.5 million shares for the year ended December 31, 2006 were outstanding, but was not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise price of the stock options, including unamortized share-based compensation, was greater than the average share price of the common shares and, therefore, the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
 
As the Company incurred a loss for each of the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, the effect of dilutive securities, totaling 4.5 million, and 4.4 million equivalent shares, respectively, have been excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share, as their impact would be anti-dilutive. Dilutive securities are comprised of options to purchase common stock.
 
4. Cash, Cash Equivalents, Short-Term Investments and Long-Term Investments
 
The Company invests its excess cash in high quality, short-term and long-term debt instruments. The following is a summary of the Company's investments by major security type at December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005 (in thousands):
 

   
Amortized
 
Unrealized
 
Estimated
 
 
 
Cost
 
Gains (Losses), net
 
Fair Value
 
2006
             
Classified as Current Assets:
                   
Cash
 
$
3,025
 
$
-
 
$
3,025
 
Cash equivalents:
                   
Money market mutual funds
   
16
   
-
   
16
 
Commercial paper
   
26,361
   
3
   
26,364
 
Government Agencies
   
3,400
   
(1
)
 
3,399
 
Total cash equivalents
   
29,777
   
2
   
29,779
 
Total cash and cash equivalents
   
32,802
   
2
   
32,804
 
                     
Short term investments:
                   
Muni Auction Rate Receipt
   
1,700
   
-
   
1,700
 
Commercial paper
   
3,156
   
1
   
3,157
 
Corporate bonds
   
994
   
2
   
996
 
Total short-term investments
   
5,850
   
3
   
5,853
 
                     
Long term investments:
                   
Corporate bonds
   
2,684
   
-
   
2,684
 
Government Agencies
   
981
   
1
   
982
 
Total long-term investments
   
3,665
   
1
   
3,666
 
                     
Total cash, cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments
 
$
42,317
 
$
6
 
$
42,323
 
                     
2005
                   
Classified as Current Assets:
                   
Cash
 
$
2,678
 
$
-
 
$
2,678
 
Cash equivalents:
                   
Money market mutual funds
   
7,977
   
-
   
7,977
 
Commercial paper
   
10,375
   
(2
)
 
10,373
 
Total cash equivalents
   
18,352
   
(2
)
 
18,350
 
Total cash and cash equivalents
   
21,030
   
(2
)
 
21,028
 
                     
Short term investments:
                   
Commercial paper
   
3,880
   
(1
)
 
3,879
 
Corporate bonds
   
1,167
   
(6
)
 
1,161
 
US government & agency securities
   
9,009
   
(34
)
 
8,975
 
Total short-term investments
   
14,056
   
(41
)
 
14,015
 
                     
Total cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments
 
$
35,086
 
$
(43
)
$
35,043
 
                     
At December 31, 2006, the contractual maturity of investments (including cash equivalents) was less than one year. The Company determined the $6,000 unrealized gain as of December 31, 2006 was due to increases in the fair values of the investments above their cost basis.  There were no impairments as of December 31, 2006.
 
5. Concentrations of Credit, Customer and Supplier Risk 
 
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents, short-term investments, long-term investments and trade receivables. The Company generally invests its excess cash in money market funds, commercial paper of corporations with high credit ratings, municipal bonds, and treasury bills. The Company’s cash, cash equivalents, short and long-term investments were approximately $42.3 million as of December 31, 2006 which exceeded the amount insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The Company has not experienced any significant losses on its cash equivalents or short and long-term investments.
 
The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and generally requires no collateral. The Company's single largest receivable balance accounted for approximately 31% and 21%, of net accounts receivable as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
 
The Company analyzes the need for reserves for potential credit losses and records reserves when necessary. Through fiscal 2006, a relatively small number of direct customers and distributors accounted for a significant percentage of the Company's revenues. For the year ended December 31, 2006, approximately 31% and 10% of net revenue was derived from sales to two distributors, Metatech and Answer Technology, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, approximately 23% and 13%, respectively, of net revenue were derived from sales to one distributor, Metatech. No other distributor or direct customer represented greater than 10% of net revenues.
 
Currently, the Company relies on single source suppliers for the significant majority of its product inventory. As a result, should the Company's current suppliers not produce and deliver inventory for the Company to sell on a timely basis, operating results may be adversely impacted.
 
6. Other Intangible Assets 
 
Information regarding the Company's other identified intangible assets subject to amortization is as follows (in thousands):

       
2006
 
 
 
Estimated
 
Gross Carrying
 
Accumulated
 
Net
 
 
 
Useful Life
 
Amounts
 
Amortization
 
Value
 
Patents
   
4 years
 
$
2,132
 
$
(2,132
)
$
-
 
Developed Core Technology
   
6 years
   
5,422
   
(2,880
)
$
2,542
 
Customer Base
   
3 years
   
3,246
   
(2,932
)
$
314
 
Total
     
$
10,800
 
$
(7,944
)
$
2,856
 
                           
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
2005
 
 
 
 
 
 
Estimated
 
 
Gross Carrying
 
 
Accumulated
 
 
Net
 
 
 
Useful Life
 
 
Amounts
 
 
Amortization
 
 
Value
 
Patents
   
4 years
 
$
2,132
 
$
(2,132
)
$
-
 
Developed Core Technology
   
6 years
   
5,422
   
(1,915
)
$
3,507
 
Customer Base
   
3 years
   
3,246
   
(2,024
)
$
1,222
 
Total
     
$
10,800
 
$
(6,071
)
$
4,729
 
 
Identified intangible asset amortization expense was approximately $1.9 million, $2.3 million, and $1.7 million, for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 respectively.
 
Estimated amortization expense for fiscal years ending December 31 is as follows:
 
     
2007
 
$
1.3
 million
     
2008
 
 
0.7
 million
     
2009
 
 
0.6
 million
     
2010
 
 
0.2
 million
 
   
Total 
 
$
2.8
 million
               
An indefinite lived intangible (Tradename) acquired in connection with the Sebring acquisition was written off in 2005 as it was deemed to have no value. The total write-down, included in the amortization and write-down of purchased intangible assets on the consolidated statement of operations, was $0.2 million.
 
7. Stock Repurchase 
 
In September 2002, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a repurchase of up to 2,000,000 shares of common stock. The Company, at the discretion of management, can repurchase the shares from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. As of fiscal 2003, approximately 774,000 shares were repurchased for approximately $1.9 million. No shares were repurchased in 2004, 2005, or 2006.
 
8. Retirement Savings Plan 
 
The Company sponsors the PLX Technology, Inc. 401(k) Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan allows all full-time employees to contribute up to 100% of their annual compensation. However, employee contributions are limited to a maximum annual amount as set up by the Internal Revenue Service. Beginning in 1996, the Company made a matching contribution calculated at 50 cents on each dollar of the first 6% of the participant’s compensation. The Company's expenses to the total plan were approximately $0.4 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million for 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
 
9. Income Taxes
 
The provision for income taxes consists of the following:

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
   
(in thousands)
 
Federal:
                   
Current
 
$
(419
)
$
26
 
$
34
 
Deferred
   
712
   
188
   
130
 
     
293
   
214
   
164
 
                     
State:
                   
Current
   
39
   
9
   
8
 
Deferred
   
144
   
19
   
32
 
     
183
   
28
   
40
 
                     
Foreign:
                   
Current
   
36
   
23
   
54
 
     
36
   
23
   
54
 
                     
Total
 
$
512
 
$
265
 
$
258
 
                     
 
The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income taxes determined by applying the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate as follows:

 
Years Ended December 31,          
     
2006
   
2005
   
2004
 
 
 
(in thousands)       
Tax benefit at the U.S. statutory rate
 
$
1,232
 
$
(504
)
$
(134
)
State taxes (net of federal benefit)
   
183
   
329
   
(25
)
Non-deductible in-process R&D write off
   
-
   
-
   
382
 
Release of income tax reserves
   
(569
)
 
-
   
-
 
Research and development credit
   
(1,227
)
 
(1,291
)
 
(576
)
Change in valuation allowance
   
819
   
1,770
   
553
 
Other individually immaterial items
   
74
   
(39
)
 
58
 
   
$
512
 
$
265
 
$
258
 
 
During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company’s deferred tax asset valuation allowance increased by $1.9 million, $3.5 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The increase between December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2005 relates to increases in federal and state research and development credits that have not been realized along with a decrease in the deferred liability related to acquired intangibles.
 
The increase between December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2006 relates to increases in federal and state research and development credits that have not been realized along with a decrease in the deferred liability related to acquired intangibles.
 
Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

   
December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
Deferred tax assets:
             
Accrued expenses and reserves
 
$
1,255
 
$
1,680
 
Net operating loss carryforwards
   
7,239
   
7,782
 
Research and development credits
   
9,344
   
7,037
 
Gross deferred tax assets:
   
17,838
   
16,499
 
Valuation Allowance
   
(15,987
)
 
(14,136
)
     
1,851
   
2,363
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
             
Acquisition related intangibles
   
(1,452
)
 
(2,201
)
Other
   
(399
)
 
(162
)
     
(1,851
)
 
(2,363
)
Total net deferred tax assets
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
               
 
At December 31, 2006, the Company had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of $19.6 million and $6.4 million, respectively. These carryforwards will expire at various dates beginning in 2007 through 2025, if not utilized. In addition, as of December 31, 2006, the Company had federal and state tax credit carryforwards of approximately $4.9 million and $6.9 million, respectively. The federal research and development credits will expire beginning in 2012 and the state credits will carryforward indefinitely. Approximately $3.8 million of the federal and $0.8 million of the state net operating loss carryforward represents the stock option deduction arising from activity under the Company’s stock option plan, the benefit of which will increase capital in excess of par value when realized.
 
Utilization of the net operating loss and credit carryforwards may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of net operating loss carryforwards before utilization. Utilization of $15.9 million of federal net operating loss and $4.3 million of state net operating loss are subject to an annual limitation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions. Utilization of $1.1 million of federal research and development credits and $0.8 million of state research and development credits are subject to an annual limitation under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of the net operating loss carryforwards before utilization.
 
Due to operating losses incurred, the Company created a full valuation allowance as of December 2002 for deferred tax assets. As of December 2006, a valuation allowance continues to be recorded for the net deferred tax asset based on management's assessment that realization of deferred tax assets is uncertain due to the history of losses, the variability of operating results and the inability to conclude that it is more likely than not that sufficient taxable income would be generated in future periods to realize those deferred tax assets. Approximately $7.6 million of the valuation allowance relates to acquired tax benefits, which will result in an adjustment to goodwill, net of the related deferred liability on acquired intangibles when such benefits are realized. During 2006, $0.8 million was released from the deferred tax valuation allowance and credited to goodwill.
 
The calculation of tax liabilities involves inherent uncertainty in the application of complex tax laws.  The Company records tax reserves for additional taxes that we estimate may be required to pay as a result of future potential examinations by federal and state taxing authorities.  If the payment ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of these tax reserves would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period we determine such reserves are no longer necessary.  The provision in 2006 reflects the release of $0.6 million of tax reserves following the expiration of the federal statute of limitations.
 
The Company has made no provision for U.S. income taxes on approximately $0.4 million of cumulative undistributed earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries because it is the Company’s intention to permanently reinvest such earnings. If such earnings were distributed, the Company would accrue additional taxes of approximately $0.1 million. Pre-tax income from foreign operations was $77,000, $55,000 and $79,000 in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
 
10. Commitments and Contingencies
 
In 2006, the Company entered into two software license agreements and one intellectual property license agreement with unrelated parties totaling $7.4 million. As of December 31, 2006, the Company is required to make payments in accordance with the agreements of approximately $4.5 million and $1.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively.
 
The Company uses several contract manufacturers and suppliers to provide manufacturing services for its products. As of December 31, 2006, the Company has purchase commitments for inventory with these contract manufacturers and suppliers of approximately $5.3 million. These inventory purchase commitments are placed on a sales order basis with lead times ranging from 8 to 13 weeks to meet estimated customer demand requirements.
 
The Company leases facilities and equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements. Future minimum payments under facility and equipment leases at December 31, 2006 are as follows:

   
(in thousands)
 
2007
 
$
105
 
2008
   
63
 
Total
 
$
168
 
         

Rental expense for all facility leases aggregated approximately $56,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006. Rental expense aggregated approximately $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2005 and $0.8 million, net of sublease income of $38,000 for the year ended December 31, 2004.

Warranty and Indemnification Provisions
 
The accrual and the related expense for known issues were not significant during the periods presented. 
 
Changes in sales warranty reserve are as follows (in thousands):

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
       
(in thousands)
     
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
92
 
$
60
 
$
30
 
Warranty costs incurred
   
(232
)
 
(148
)
 
(74
)
Additions related to current period sales
   
238
   
180
   
104
 
Balance, end of period
 
$
98
 
$
92
 
$
60
 
                     
The Company enters into standard indemnification agreements with many of its customers and certain other business partners in the ordinary course of business. These agreements include provisions for indemnifying the customer against any claim brought by a third-party to the extent any such claim alleges that a PLX product infringes a patent, copyright or trademark, or violates any other proprietary rights of that third-party. It is not possible to estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements. To date, the Company has not incurred any costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. No liability for these indemnification agreements has been recorded at December 31, 2006 or 2005.
 
11. Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information
 
The Company has one operating segment, the sale of semiconductor devices. The Chief Executive Officer has been identified as the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) because he has final authority over resource allocation decisions and performance assessment. The CODM does not receive discrete financial information about individual components of the Company's business. The majority of the Company’s assets are located in the United States.
 
Revenues by geographic region based on customer location were as follows:

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Revenues:
         
(in thousands)
 
     
United States
 
$
20,656
 
$
15,256
 
$
15,708
 
Asia - excluding Taiwan and Singapore
   
19,823
   
15,665
   
13,283
 
Taiwan
   
14,271
   
4,760
   
8,571
 
Singapore
   
12,814
   
8,254
   
5,392
 
Europe
   
10,074
   
8,244
   
9,511
 
The Americas - excluding United States
   
3,787
   
2,436
   
1,984
 
Total
 
$
81,425
 
$
54,615
 
$
54,449
 
                     

   Revenues by product type were as follows:

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Revenues:
   
 
 
 
(in thousands) 
       
PCI I/O Devices
 
$
49,573
 
$
43,031
 
$
44,791
 
PCI Express
   
18,052
   
3,737
   
129
 
USB
   
13,800
   
7,847
   
9,529
 
Total
 
$
81,425
 
$
54,615
 
$
54,449
 
                     
There were no direct end customers that accounted for more than 10% of net revenues. Sales to the following distributors accounted for 10% or more of net revenues:

   
Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2006
 
2005
 
2004
 
Metatech
   
31
%
 
23
%
 
13
%
Answer Technology
   
10
%
 
-
   
-
 
                     
 
12. Quarterly Summaries (unaudited)
 
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31,
 
June 30,
 
September 30,
 
December 31,
 
 
 
2006
 
2006
 
2006
 
2006
 
Net revenues
 
$
20,005
 
$
19,411
 
$
21,046
 
$
20,963
 
Gross profit
 
$
12,508
 
$
11,186
 
$
12,210
 
$
11,726
 
Net income
 
$
1,541
 
$
281
 
$
1,022
 
$
162
 
Net income per basic share
 
$
0.06
 
$
0.01
 
$
0.04
 
$
0.01
 
Net income per diluted share
 
$
0.05
 
$
0.01
 
$
0.04
 
$
0.01
 
                           
 
   
Three Months Ended
 
 
   
March 31,
 
 
June 30,
 
 
September 30,
 
 
December 31,
 
 
 
 
2005
 
 
2005
 
 
2005
 
 
2005
 
Net revenues
 
$
13,222
 
$
13,185
 
$
12,869
 
$
15,339
 
Gross profit
 
$
8,365
 
$
8,285
 
$
8,475
 
$
9,877
 
Net income (loss)
 
$
(541
)
$
(732
)
$
(510
)
$
35
 
Net income (loss) per basic share
 
$
(0.02
)
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.02
)
$
0.00
 
Net income (loss) per diluted share
 
$
(0.02
)
$
(0.03
)
$
(0.02
)
$
0.00
 
 
SCHEDULE II-VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS 
 
(IN THOUSANDS)

 
 
 
 
Additions
 
Deductions
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at
 
Charged to
 
Charged to
 
Amount
 
Balance at
 
 
 
Beginning of
 
Costs and
 
Other
 
Recovered
 
End of
 
Description
 
Period
 
Expenses
 
Accounts
 
(Written off)
 
Period
 
Year ended December 31, 2006:
                               
Allowance for doubtful accounts
 
$
131
 
$
9
 
$
-
 
$
(46
)
$
94
 
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance
 
$
14,136
 
$
-
 
$
1,851
 
$
-
 
$
15,987
 
Allowance for returns and price concessions
 
$
80
 
$
138
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
218
 
Year ended December 31, 2005:
                               
Allowance for doubtful accounts
 
$
127
 
$
14
 
$
-
 
$
(10
)
$
131
 
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance
 
$
10,649
 
$
-
 
$
3,487
 
$
-
 
$
14,136
 
Allowance for returns and price concessions
 
$
-
 
$
80
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
80
 
Year ended December 31, 2004:
                               
Allowance for doubtful accounts
 
$
161
 
$
45
 
$
-
 
$
(79
)
$
127
 
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance
 
$
5,967
 
$
-
 
$
4,682
 
$
-
 
$
10,649
 


 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
February 27, 2007
 
PLX Technology, Inc.
by:
/s/ Michael J. Salameh 
Name: Michael J. Salameh
Title: Chief Executive Officer 
 
 

 
 
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Michael J. Salameh and Arthur O. Whipple, and each of them, his attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments to this Report on Form 10-K and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in- fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name and Signature
 
Title(s)
 
Date
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Michael J. Salameh
 
 
Chief Executive Officer and Director
 
 
February 27, 2007
 
Michael J. Salameh
 
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chief Financial Officer, Vice President,
 
 
 
 
/s/ Arthur O. Whipple
 
 
Finance and Secretary
 
 
February 27, 2007
 
Arthur O. Whipple
 
 
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ D. James Guzy
 
 
Director and Chairman of the Board of
 
 
February 27, 2007
 
D. James Guzy
 
 
Directors
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Robert H. Smith
 
 
Director
 
 
February 27, 2007
 
Robert H. Smith
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ John H. Hart
 
 
Director
 
 
February 27, 2007
 
John H. Hart
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Thomas J. Riordan
 
 
Director
 
 
February 27, 2007
 
Thomas Riordan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Patrick Verderico
 
 
Director
 
 
February 27, 2007
 
Patrick Verderico
             
 
 
EXHIBIT INDEX
 

Exhibit
 
 
 
Number
 
Description
 
3.1 (1)
   
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant.
 
3.2 (1)
   
Registrant's Amended and Restated Bylaws.
 
3.3
   
Certificate of Amendment to Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference.
 
4.1
   
Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.3.
 
4.2
   
Registration Rights Agreement, filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, filed on June 21, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference.
 
10.1 (1)*
   
Form of Indemnification Agreement between PLX and each of its Officers and Directors.
 
10.2 (1)*
   
1998 Stock Incentive Plan.
 
10.3 (1) (2)*
   
1999 Stock Incentive Plan, As Amended.
 
10.4 (1)
   
Lease Agreement dated October 17, 1997 between The Arrillaga Foundation and The Perry Foundation as Landlords and PLX as Tenant, as amended.
 
10.10 (4)*
   
HiNT Corporation 2000 Stock Plan.
 
10.11 (3)*
   
Sebring Systems, Inc. 1997 Stock Option/Stock/Issuance Plan.
 
10.12 (5)*
   
NetChip Technology, Inc. 1996 Flexible Stock Incentive Plan.
 
10.13*
   
PLX Technology, Inc. 2004 Bonus and Deferred Compensation Plan, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004, and incorporated herein by reference.
 
10.14*
   
PLX Technology, Inc. 2005 Bonus and Deferred Compensation Plan, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed on April 13, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.
 
10.15*
   
PLX Technology, Inc. 2006 Bonus and Deferred Compensation Plan, filed as Exhibit 10.15 to the Company’s Form 10-K, filed on March 3, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.
 
     
10.17*
   
Amended and Restated PLX Technology, Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan, titled as Appendix A to the Company's Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, dated April 18, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.
 
10.18*
   
Offer letter, dated December 29, 2006 between PLX Technology, Inc. and Arthur O. Whipple, filed as Exhibit 10-1 to the Company's Form 8-K, filed on January 18, 2007, and incorporated herein by reference.
 
14.1
   
Code of Ethics, filed as Exhibit 14.1 to the Company’s Form 10-K, filed on March 3, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference.
 
16.1
   
Letter from Ernst & Young, LLP, to the Securities and Exchange Commission, dated July 13, 2005, and filed as Exhibit 16.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K/A, filed July 15, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.
 
     
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
 
   
 
 
(1)
   
Incorporated by reference to the same numbered exhibit previously filed with the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-71795).
 
(2)
   
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2002.
 
(3)
   
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Form 8-K as filed on June 2, 2000.
 
(4)
   
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2003.
 
(5)
   
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004.
 
*
   
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.