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Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Organization and Nature of Operations. Tredegar Corporation and subsidiaries (collectively “Tredegar,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) are primarily engaged in the manufacture of aluminum extrusions, polyethylene films and polyester films, which are reported for business segment purposes under Aluminum Extrusions (also referred to as Bonnell Aluminum), PE Films and Flexible Packaging Films (also referred to as Terphane), respectively. More information on the Company’s business segments is provided in Note 5. See Note 17 regarding restructurings.
Basis of Presentation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of Tredegar and all of its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States (“U.S.”) generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires Tredegar to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Certain amounts for the prior years have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
Fiscal Year End. The Company operates on a calendar fiscal year except the Aluminum Extrusions segment, which operates on a 52/53-week fiscal year basis. References to Aluminum Extrusions for 2019, 2018 and 2017 relate to the 52-week fiscal year ended December 29, 2019, the 53-week fiscal year ended December 30, 2018 and the 52-week fiscal year ended December 24, 2017, respectively. The Company does not believe the impact of reporting the results of this segment as stated above is material to the consolidated financial results.
Foreign Currency Translation. The financial statements of subsidiaries located outside the U.S., where the local currency is the functional currency, are translated into U.S. Dollars using exchange rates in effect at the period end for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates during each reporting period for results of operations. Adjustments resulting from the translation of these financial statements are reflected as a separate component of shareholders’ equity. There are no operating subsidiaries located outside the U.S. where the U.S. Dollar is the functional currency.
Transaction and remeasurement gains or losses included in income were losses of $0.7 million, $0.5 million and $0.8 million in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. These amounts do not include the effects between reporting periods that exchange rate changes have on income of the locations outside the U.S. that result from translation into U.S. Dollars.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand in excess of daily operating requirements and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, Tredegar had cash and cash equivalents of $31.4 million and $34.4 million, respectively, including funds held in locations outside the U.S. of $23.0 million and $31.1 million, respectively.
The Company’s policy permits investment of excess cash in marketable securities that have the highest credit ratings and maturities of less than one year. The primary objectives of the policy are safety of principal and liquidity.
Accounts and Other Receivables. Accounts receivable are stated at the amount invoiced to customers less allowances for doubtful accounts and sales returns. Accounts receivable are non-interest bearing and arise from the sale of product to customers under typical industry trade terms. Notes receivable are not significant. Past due amounts are determined based on established terms and charged-off when deemed uncollectible. The allowance for doubtful accounts is determined based on an assessment of probable losses taking into account past due amounts, customer credit profile, historical experience and current economic conditions. Other receivables include value-added taxes related to certain foreign subsidiaries and other miscellaneous receivables due within one year. For certain customers, the Company has arrangements in place with financial institutions whereby certain customer receivables are sold to the financial institution at a discount and without recourse.  Upon sale, the associated receivable is derecognized and the discount is recognized.
Inventories. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost determined using the last in, first out (“LIFO”), the weighted average cost or the first in, first out method. Cost elements included in work-in-process and finished goods inventories are raw materials, direct labor and manufacturing overhead. Finished goods, work-in-process, raw materials and supplies, stores and other inventory are reviewed to determine if inventory quantities are in excess of forecasted usage or if they have become obsolete.
Property, Plant and Equipment. Accounts include costs of assets constructed or purchased, related delivery and installation costs and interest incurred on significant capital projects during their construction periods. Expenditures for renewals and betterments also are capitalized, but expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. The cost and accumulated depreciation applicable to assets retired or sold are removed from the respective accounts, and gains or losses thereon are included in income.
Capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment include capitalized interest. Capitalized interest included in capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment was $0.9 million, $0.3 million and $0.4 million in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Depreciation is computed primarily by the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets that, except for isolated exceptions, range from 5 to 40 years for buildings and land improvements and 2 to 20 years for machinery and equipment.
Investments in Private Entities with Less Than or Equal to 50% Voting Ownership Interest. The Company accounts for its investments in private entities where its voting ownership is less than or equal to 50% based on the facts and circumstances surrounding the investment.
For those investments measured at fair value, GAAP requires disclosure of the level within the fair value hierarchy in which fair value measurements in their entirety fall, segregating fair value measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
For more information on investments, see Note 4.
Goodwill and Identifiable Intangibles. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets of acquired companies is allocated to goodwill. The Company assesses goodwill for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable or, at a minimum, on an annual basis (December 1st of each year). When assessing goodwill for impairment, accounting guidance allows the Company to first perform a qualitative assessment about the likelihood of the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeding its fair value, referred to as the "Step 0" assessment. The Step 0 assessment requires the evaluation of certain qualitative factors, including macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors and overall financial performance, as well as company and reporting unit factors. If the Company's Step 0 analysis indicates that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, then the Company would perform a quantitative impairment test.
There are two reporting units in Aluminum Extrusions that have goodwill as a result of acquisitions in 2012 (“AACOA”) and in 2017 (“Futura”). The Company’s significant reporting unit in PE Films with goodwill is Surface Protection. Each of these reporting units has separately identifiable operating net assets (operating assets including goodwill and identifiable intangible assets net of operating liabilities).
The Company estimates the fair value of its reporting units using discounted cash flow analysis and comparative enterprise value-to-EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) multiples. The Surface Protection reporting unit of PE Films, AACOA and Futura had goodwill in the amounts of $57.3 million, $13.7 million and $10.4 million, respectively, at December 31, 2019.
As of December 1, 2019, the Company applied the Step 0 goodwill assessment to Surface Protection, AACOA and Futura, which all had fair values significantly in excess of their carrying amounts when last tested using the quantitative impairment test. The Company's Step 0 analysis in 2019 of the reporting units concluded that it is not more likely than not that the fair values of the reporting units are less than their carrying amounts. Therefore, the quantitative goodwill impairment test for these reporting units was not necessary in 2019.
Indefinite-lived identifiable intangible assets are assessed for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company estimates the fair value of its trade names using a relief-from-royalty method that relies upon a corresponding discounted cash flow analysis.
Additional disclosure of Tredegar’s goodwill and identifiable intangible assets and the impairments recorded in 2018 and 2017 are included in Note 8.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets. The Company reviews long-lived assets for possible impairment when events indicate that an impairment may exist. For assets that are held and used in operations, if events indicate that an asset may be impaired, the Company estimates the future unlevered pre-tax cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Assets are grouped for this purpose at the lowest level for which there are identifiable and independent cash flows. If the sum of these undiscounted pre-tax cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset group, an impairment loss is calculated. Measurement of the impairment loss is the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset group.
Assets that are held for sale are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or estimated fair value less cost to sell, with an impairment loss recognized for any write-down required.
Pension Costs and Postretirement Benefit Costs Other than Pensions. Pension costs and postretirement benefit costs other than pensions have been accrued over the period employees provided service to Tredegar. Liabilities and expenses for pension plans and other postretirement benefits are determined using actuarial methodologies and incorporate significant assumptions, including the rate used to discount the future estimated liability, the long-term rate of return on plan assets, and several assumptions relating to the employee workforce. The Company recognizes the funded status of its pension and other postretirement plans in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Tredegar’s policy is to fund its pension plans at amounts not less than the minimum requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”) of 1974 and to fund postretirement benefits other than pensions when claims are incurred.
Additional disclosure regarding Tredegar’s pension costs and postretirement benefit costs other than pensions is included in Note 13.
Revenue Recognition. The Company’s revenue is primarily generated from the sale of finished products to customers. Those sales predominantly contain a single performance obligation and revenue is recognized at the point in time when control of the product is transferred to customers, along with the title, risk of loss and rewards of ownership. Depending on the arrangement with the customer, these criteria are met either at the time the product is shipped or when the product is made available or delivered at the destination specified in the agreement with the customer.
Sales revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for that finished product. The Company offers various discounts, rebates and allowances to customers, (collectively, “allowances”), all of which are considered when determining the transaction price. Certain allowances are fixed and determinable at the time of sale and are recorded at the time of sale as a reduction to revenues. Other allowances can vary depending on future outcomes such as customer sales volume and represent variable consideration.
Amounts billed to customers related to freight are classified as sales revenue and the cost of freight is classified as a separate line in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction between Tredegar and its customers (such as value-added taxes) are accounted for on a net basis and therefore excluded from revenues. See Note 5 for disaggregation of revenue by segment and type. See Note 6 for a table showing accounts and other receivables, net of allowance for bad debts and sales returns.
Revenue expected to be recognized in any future period related to remaining performance obligations, excluding i) revenue pertaining to contracts that have an original expected duration of one year or less, ii) contracts where revenue is recognized as invoiced and iii) variable consideration related to unsatisfied performance obligations, is not expected to materially impact the Company’s financial results. 
Research & Development (“R&D”) Costs. R&D costs are expensed as incurred and include primarily salaries, wages, employee benefits, equipment depreciation, facility costs and the cost of materials consumed relating to R&D efforts. R&D costs include a reasonable allocation of indirect costs.
Income Taxes. Income taxes are recognized during the period in which transactions enter into the determination of income for financial reporting purposes, with deferred income taxes being provided at enacted statutory tax rates on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities (see Note 16). Tredegar’s policy is to accrue U.S. federal income taxes to the extent required under GAAP on unremitted earnings of all foreign subsidiaries where required. However, due to changes in the taxation of dividends under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”) enacted by the U.S. government in December 2017, Tredegar only records U.S. federal income taxes on unremitted earnings of its foreign subsidiaries where Tredegar cannot take steps to eliminate any potential tax on future distributions from its foreign subsidiaries. Because of the accumulation of significant losses related to foreign currency translations at Terphane Limitada, there were no unrecorded deferred income tax liabilities associated with U.S. federal income taxes and foreign withholding taxes on Terphane Limitada’s undistributed earnings as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.
A valuation allowance is recorded in the period when the Company determines that it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred income tax assets may not be realized. The establishment and removal of a valuation allowance requires the Company to consider all positive and negative evidence and make a judgmental decision regarding the amount of valuation allowance required as of a reporting date. The benefit of an uncertain tax position is included in the accompanying financial statements when the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained, based on the technical merits of the position, if the taxing authority examines the position and the dispute is litigated. This determination is made on the basis of all the facts, circumstances and information available as of the reporting date.
Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average common and potentially dilutive common equivalent shares outstanding, determined as follows:
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Weighted average shares outstanding used to compute basic earnings per share
33,236,115

 
33,067,800

 
32,945,961

Incremental shares attributable to stock options and restricted stock
22,022

 
24,674

 
5,327

Shares used to compute diluted earnings per share
33,258,137

 
33,092,474

 
32,951,288


Incremental shares attributable to stock options and restricted stock are computed using the average market price during the related period. The out-of-the-money options to purchase shares that were excluded from the calculation of incremental shares attributable to stock options and restricted stock were 209,592, 726,475, and 397,669 as of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
Stock-Based Employee Compensation Plans. Compensation expense is recorded on all share-based awards using its calculated fair value over the requisite service period under the graded-vesting method. The fair value of stock option awards was estimated as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes options-pricing model. The fair value of restricted stock awards was estimated as of the grant date using the closing stock price on that date.
The assumptions used in this model for valuing Tredegar stock options granted in 2019, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Dividend yield
2.4
%
 
2.3
%
 
1.9
%
Weighted average volatility percentage
38.3
%
 
38.3
%
 
38.3
%
Weighted average risk-free interest rate
2.4
%
 
2.8
%
 
1.8
%
Holding period (years):
 
 
 
 
 
Officers
5

 
5

 
5

Management
5

 
5

 
5

Weighted average exercise price at date of grant (also weighted average market price at date of grant):
 
 
 
 
 
Officers
$
18.48

 
$
19.35

 
$
15.65

Management
$
18.48

 
$
19.35

 
$
15.65


The dividend yield is the actual dividend yield on Tredegar’s common stock at the date of grant, which the Company believes is a reasonable estimate of the expected yield during the holding period. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of Tredegar’s common stock using a sequential period of historical data equal to the expected holding period of the option. The Company has no reason to believe that future volatility for this period is likely to differ from the past. The assumed risk-free interest rate is based on observed interest rates for U.S. Treasury debt securities appropriate for the expected holding period.
Tredegar stock options granted during 2019, 2018 and 2017, and related estimated fair value at the date of grant, are as follows:
 
2019
 
2018
 
2017
Stock options granted (number of shares):
 
 
 
 
 
Officers
729,810

 
425,228

 
151,992

Management
28,477

 
25,855

 
57,559

Total
758,287

 
451,083

 
209,551

Estimated weighted average fair value of options per share at date of grant:
 
 
 
 
 
Officers
$
5.43

 
$
5.87

 
$
4.69

Management
$
5.43

 
$
5.87

 
$
4.69

Total estimated fair value of stock options granted (in thousands)
$
4,117

 
$
2,648

 
$
983


Additional disclosure of Tredegar stock options is included in Note 12.
Financial Instruments. Tredegar uses derivative financial instruments for the purpose of hedging aluminum price volatility and currency exchange rate exposures that exist as part of transactions associated with ongoing business operations. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are designated as and qualify as cash flow hedges and are recognized in the accompanying balance sheet at fair value. A change in the fair value of the derivative that is highly effective and that is designated and qualifies as a cash flow hedge is recorded in other comprehensive income. Gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income (loss) are reclassified to earnings in the periods in which earnings are affected by the variability of cash flows of the hedged transaction. Such gains and losses are reported on the same line as the underlying hedged item, and the cash flows related to financial instruments are classified in the consolidated statements of cash flows in a manner consistent with those of the transactions being hedged. Any hedge ineffectiveness (which represents the amount by which the changes in the fair value of the derivative exceed the variability in the cash flows of the forecasted transaction) is recorded in current period earnings. The amount of gains and losses recognized for hedge ineffectiveness were not material in 2019, 2018 and 2017.
The Company’s policy requires that it formally document all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. The Company also formally assesses (both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis) whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions have been highly effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of hedged items and whether those derivatives may be expected to remain highly effective in future periods. When it is determined that a derivative is not (or has ceased to be) highly effective as a hedge, the Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively.
As a policy, Tredegar does not engage in speculative or leveraged transactions, nor does it hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. Additional disclosure of the utilization of derivative hedging instruments is included in Note 9.
Comprehensive Income (Loss). Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as net income or loss as adjusted by other comprehensive income or loss items. Other comprehensive income (loss) includes changes in foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments, prior service costs and net gains or losses from pension and other postretirement benefit plans arising during the period and amortization of these prior service costs and net gain or loss adjustments, all recorded net of deferred income taxes.

The following table summarizes the after-tax changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2019:

(In thousands)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments
 
Pension and other post-retirement benefit adjustments
 
Total
Beginning balance, January 1, 2019
$
(96,940
)
 
$
(1,601
)
 
$
(81,446
)
 
$
(179,987
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
(3,723
)
 
(2,686
)
 
(22,508
)
 
(28,917
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 
2,980

 
8,273

 
11,253

Net other comprehensive income (loss) - current period
(3,723
)
 
294

 
(14,235
)
 
(17,664
)
Ending balance, December 31, 2019
$
(100,663
)
 
$
(1,307
)
 
$
(95,681
)
 
$
(197,651
)


The following table summarizes the after-tax changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2018:
(In thousands)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments
 
Pension and other post-retirement benefit adjustments
 
Total
Beginning balance, January 1, 2018
$
(86,178
)
 
$
459

 
$
(90,950
)
 
$
(176,669
)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
(10,762
)
 
(2,978
)
 
(1,118
)
 
(14,858
)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

 
918

 
10,622

 
11,540

Net other comprehensive income (loss) - current period
(10,762
)
 
(2,060
)
 
9,504

 
(3,318
)
Ending balance, December 31, 2018
$
(96,940
)
 
$
(1,601
)
 
$
(81,446
)
 
$
(179,987
)


Reclassifications of balances out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income during 2019 are summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
Amount reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss)
 
Location of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to net income (loss)
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments:
 
 
 
Aluminum future contracts, before taxes
$
(2,736
)
 
Cost of goods sold
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes
(904
)
 
Selling, general and administrative
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes
62

 
Cost of goods sold
Total, before taxes
(3,578
)
 
 
Income tax expense (benefit)
(598
)
 
Income taxes
Total, net of tax
$
(2,980
)
 
 
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement benefits:
 
 
 
Actuarial gain (loss) and prior service costs, before taxes
$
(10,632
)
 
(a)
Income tax expense (benefit)
(2,359
)
 
Income taxes
Total, net of tax
$
(8,273
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a) This component of accumulated other comprehensive income is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note 13 for additional detail).


Reclassifications of balances out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income during 2018 are summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
Amount reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss)
 
Location of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to net income
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments:
 
 
 
Aluminum future contracts, before taxes
$
1,069

 
Cost of goods sold
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes
(1,796
)
 
Selling, general and administrative
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes
62

 
Cost of goods sold
Total, before taxes
(665
)
 
 
Income tax expense (benefit)
253

 
Income taxes
Total, net of tax
$
(918
)
 
 
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement benefits:
 
 
 
Actuarial gain (loss) and prior service costs, before taxes
$
(13,650
)
 
(a)
Income tax expense (benefit)
(3,028
)
 
Income taxes
Total, net of tax
$
(10,622
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a) This component of accumulated other comprehensive income is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note 13 for additional detail).


Reclassifications of balances out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income during 2017 are summarized as follows:
(In thousands)
Amount reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss)
 
Location of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to net income
Gain (loss) on derivative financial instruments:
 
 
 
Aluminum future contracts, before taxes
$
1,210

 
Cost of goods sold
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes
(43
)
 
Selling, general and administrative
Foreign currency forward contracts, before taxes
62

 
Cost of goods sold
Total, before taxes
1,229

 
 
Income tax expense (benefit)
287

 
Income taxes
Total, net of tax
$
942

 
 
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement benefits:
 
 
 
Actuarial gain (loss) and prior service costs, before taxes
$
(12,045
)
 
(a)
Income tax expense (benefit)
(4,234
)
 
Income taxes
Total, net of tax
$
(7,811
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a) This component of accumulated other comprehensive income is included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see Note 13 for additional detail).
Recently Issued Accounting Standards.
Accounting pronouncements adopted prior to 2019:
ASU 2014-09, REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS (TOPIC 606)
In May 2014, the FASB and International Accounting Standards Board issued their converged standard on revenue recognition. The revised revenue standard contains principles that an entity will apply to direct the measurement of revenue and timing of when it is recognized. The core principle of the guidance is that the recognition of revenue should depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. To achieve that core principle, an entity will utilize a principle-based five-step approach model. The converged standard also includes more robust disclosure requirements which requires entities to provide sufficient information to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. In March 2016, amended guidance was issued regarding clarifying the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations and in April 2016, clarifying guidance was issued relating to identifying performance obligations and licensing implementation. The Company adopted the new standard effective January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach applied to all contracts as of the date of adoption. Comparative periods have not been adjusted and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods. The adoption of ASU 2014-09, as amended, had no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, equity or cash flows upon adoption. The Company has included the disclosures required by ASU 2014-09.
New accounting pronouncements adopted in 2019:
ASU 2016-02, LEASES (TOPIC 842)
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a revised standard on lease accounting. Lessees will need to recognize virtually all of their leases with a term longer than 12 months on the balance sheet, by recording a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and lease liability. The revised standard requires additional analysis of the components of a transaction to determine if a right-of-use asset is embedded in the transaction that needs to be treated as a lease. Substantial additional disclosures are also required by the revised standard. The revised standard is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2018, including the interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach which requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings on the effective date is required for leases existing at, or entered into after, the effective date, with certain practical expedients available. The Company elected to use certain transition practical expedients that allow it to elect to not reassess: i) whether expired or existing contracts contain leases under the new definition of a lease; ii) lease classification for expired or existing leases; and iii) whether previously capitalized initial direct costs would qualify for capitalization under Topic 842. The Company adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of 2019, electing the modified retrospective transition approach. The adoption did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The most significant impact of the new standard was the initial recognition of ROU assets of approximately $21 million and lease liabilities of approximately $22 million for real estate, office equipment and vehicle operating leases as of the date of adoption.
ASU 2017-12, DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING (TOPIC 815)
In August 2017, the FASB issued amended guidance on the accounting for hedging activities. The amended guidance makes more hedging strategies qualify for hedge accounting. After initial qualification, the amended guidance permits a qualitative effectiveness assessment for certain hedges instead of a quantitative test, if the company can reasonably support an expectation of effectiveness throughout the term of the hedge. The amended guidance is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after January 1, 2019, but may be adopted immediately. The Company adopted the amended guidance in the first quarter of 2019 and there was no impact from adoption on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2018-2, REPORTING COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (TOPIC 220)
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-2 to provide entities an option to reclassify certain “stranded tax effects” resulting from the recent U.S. tax reform from accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) to retained earnings. This new standard takes effect for all entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has elected to not reclassify the income tax effects resulting from tax reform from AOCI to retained earnings.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Implemented:
ASU 2016-13, FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - CREDIT LOSSES (TOPIC 326)
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13 related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. The pronouncement replaces the incurred loss methodology to record credit losses with a methodology that reflects the expected credit losses for financial assets not accounted for at fair value with gains and losses recognized through net income. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods therein, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years, and interim periods therein, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is in the process of evaluating the guidance and expects to adopt ASU 2016-13 in the first quarter of 2020, with no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2018-13, FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT (TOPIC 820)
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, which amended the fair value measurement guidance by removing and modifying certain disclosure requirements, while also adding new disclosure requirements. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The amendments are effective for all companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for all amendments. Further, a company may elect to early adopt the removal or modification of disclosures immediately and delay adoption of the new disclosure requirements until the effective date. The Company plans to adopt all disclosure requirements in the first quarter of 2020, with no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.