18. Financial Instruments and Risk Management

The Company operates internationally and utilizes certain derivative financial instruments to mitigate its foreign currency exposures, primarily related to third-party and intercompany forecasted transactions. As a result of the use of derivative instruments, the Company is exposed to the risk that counterparties will fail to meet their contractual obligations. To mitigate this counterparty credit risk, the Company has a practice of entering into contracts only with major financial institutions selected based upon their credit ratings and other financial factors. The Company monitors the creditworthiness of counterparties throughout the duration of the derivative instrument. Additional information is contained within Note 19, Fair Value Measurements.

Derivative Holdings Designated as Hedges

For a derivative to qualify as a hedge at inception and throughout the hedged period, the Company formally documents the nature of the hedged items and the relationships between the hedging instruments and the hedged items, as well as its risk-management objectives, strategies for undertaking the various hedge transactions, and the methods of assessing hedge effectiveness and ineffectiveness. In addition, for hedges of forecasted transactions, the significant characteristics and expected terms of a forecasted transaction must be specifically identified, and it must be probable that each forecasted transaction would occur. If it were deemed probable that the forecasted transaction would not occur, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument would be recognized in earnings immediately. Gains or losses recognized in earnings for any of the periods presented were not significant. Derivative financial instruments qualifying for hedge accounting must maintain a specified level of effectiveness between the hedging instrument and the item being hedged, both at inception and throughout the hedged period, which management evaluates periodically.

The primary currencies to which the Company is exposed are the euro, British pound, Canadian dollar, and Australian dollar. For the most part, merchandise inventories are purchased by each geographic area in their respective local currency. The most significant exception to this is the United Kingdom, whose merchandise inventory purchases are denominated in euros.

For option and foreign exchange forward contracts designated as cash flow hedges of the purchase of inventory, the effective portion of gains and losses is deferred as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (“AOCL”) and is recognized as a component of cost of sales when the related inventory is sold. The amount reclassified to cost of sales related to such contracts was not significant for any of the periods presented. The effective portion of gains or losses associated with other forward contracts is deferred as a component of AOCL until the underlying transaction is reported in earnings. The ineffective portion of gains and losses related to cash flow hedges recorded to earnings was not significant for any of the periods presented. When using a forward contract as a hedging instrument, the Company excludes the time value of the contract from the assessment of effectiveness.

As of February 2, 2019, all of the Company’s hedged forecasted transactions extend less than twelve months into the future, and the Company expects all derivative-related amounts reported in AOCL to be reclassified to earnings within twelve months. The balance in AOCL as of February 2, 2019 and February 3, 2018 was not significant.

The notional value of the contracts outstanding at February 2, 2019 was $117 million, and these contracts mature at various dates through January 2020.

Derivative Holdings Not Designated as Hedges

The Company enters into certain derivative contracts that are not designated as hedges, such as foreign exchange forward contracts and currency option contracts. These derivative contracts are used to manage certain costs of foreign currency-denominated merchandise purchases, intercompany transactions, and the effect of fluctuating foreign exchange rates on the reporting of foreign currency-denominated earnings. Changes in the fair value of derivative holdings not designated as hedges, as well as realized gains and premiums paid, are recorded in earnings immediately within selling, general and administrative expenses or other income, depending on the type of transaction. The aggregate amount recognized for these contracts was not significant for any of the periods presented.

The notional value of foreign exchange forward contracts outstanding at February 2, 2019 was $11 million, and these contracts mature during January 2020.

From time to time, the Company mitigates the effect of fluctuating foreign exchange rates on the reporting of foreign-currency denominated earnings by entering into currency option contracts. Changes in the fair value of these foreign currency option contracts, which are not designated as hedges, are recorded in earnings immediately within other income. The realized gains, premiums paid, and changes in the fair market value recorded were not significant for any of the periods presented. There were no currency option contracts outstanding at February 2, 2019.

Fair Value of Derivative Contracts

The following represents the fair value of the Company’s derivative contracts. Many of the Company’s agreements allow for a netting arrangement. The following is presented on a gross basis, by type of contract:


	Balance Sheet
($ in millions)	Caption	2018		2017
Hedging Instruments:
Foreign exchange forward contracts	Current assets	$	—	$	1
Foreign exchange forward contracts	Current liabilities	$	1	$	1

Notional Values and Foreign Currency Exchange Rates

The table below presents the notional amounts for all outstanding derivatives and the weighted-average exchange rates of foreign exchange forward contracts at February 2, 2019:


		Contract Value	Weighted-Average
		($ in millions)	Exchange Rate
Inventory
Buy €/Sell British £	$	106	0.8859
Buy USD/Sell €	$	11	1.1448

Intercompany
Buy €/Sell Kr	$	5	9.7244
Buy US $/Sell CAD $	$	2	1.3273
Buy €/Sell CHf	$	3	1.1265
Buy €/Sell US $	$	1	1.1414

Business Risk

The retailing business is highly competitive. Price, quality, selection of merchandise, reputation, store location, advertising, and customer experience are important competitive factors in the Company’s business. The Company operates in 27 countries and purchased approximately 90 percent of its merchandise in 2018 from its top 5 suppliers. In 2018, the Company purchased approximately 66 percent of its athletic merchandise from one major supplier, Nike, Inc. (“Nike”). Each of our operating divisions is highly dependent on Nike; they individually purchased 38 to 74 percent of their merchandise from Nike.

Included in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet at February 2, 2019, are the net assets of the Company’s European operations, which total $1,069 million and are located in 20 countries, 11 of which have adopted the euro as their functional currency.