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Short-Duration Insurance Contracts
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Insurance Loss Reserves [Abstract]  
Short-Duration Insurance Contracts Short-Duration Insurance Contracts
Property & Casualty Unpaid Claims and Claim Expense Reserves
The following table is a summary reconciliation of the beginning and ending Property & Casualty unpaid claims and claim expense reserves for the periods indicated. The table presents reserves on both a gross and net (after reinsurance) basis. The total net Property & Casualty insurance claims and claim expense incurred amounts are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The end of period gross reserves (before reinsurance balances and reinsurance recoverable balances) are reflected on a gross basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
($ in millions)Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023202220232022
Property & Casualty  
Beginning gross reserves$415.8 $378.4 $388.7 $362.4 
Less: reinsurance recoverables104.3 109.8 100.8 110.3 
Net reserves, beginning of period(1)
311.5 268.6 287.9 252.1 
Incurred claims and claim expenses:  
Claims occurring in the current period149.2 120.3 430.0 372.8 
Increase (decrease) in estimated reserves for claims occurring in prior periods(2)
— 2.0 — 8.0 
Total claims and claim expenses incurred149.2 122.3 430.0 380.8 
Claims and claim expense payments
for claims occurring during:
  
Current period
115.9 102.8 246.7 221.1 
Prior periods
30.9 29.7 157.3 153.4 
Total claims and claim expense payments146.8 132.5 404.0 374.5 
Net reserves, end of period(1)
313.9 258.4 313.9 258.4 
Plus: reinsurance recoverables105.4 109.0 105.4 109.0 
Ending gross reserves$419.3 $367.4 $419.3 $367.4 
(1)Reserves net of expected reinsurance recoverables.
(2)Shows the amounts by which the Company increased (decreased) its reserves in each of the periods indicated for claims occurring in previous periods to reflect subsequent information on such claims and changes in their projected final settlement costs - also known as prior years' reserve development.

There was no prior years' reserve development for Property & Casualty claims for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. The Company recognized $2.0 and $8.0 million of net unfavorable prior years' reserve development for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The unfavorable development for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was the result of unfavorable loss trends in auto offset by favorable loss trends in homeowners loss emergence for accident years 2021 and prior.
Group Benefits Unpaid Claims and Claim Expense Reserves
The following table is a summary reconciliation of the beginning and ending Group Benefits unpaid claims and claim expense reserves for the periods indicated. The table presents reserves on both a gross and net (after reinsurance). The total net Group Benefits insurance claims and claim expense incurred amounts are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The end of period gross reserves (before reinsurance balances and reinsurance recoverable balances) are reflected on a gross basis in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
($ in millions)Three Months Ended
September 30,		Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023202220232022
Group Benefits  
Beginning gross reserves$121.9 $130.2 $121.6 $125.4 
Less: reinsurance recoverables28.2 29.6 27.9 28.6 
Net reserves, beginning of period(1)
93.7 100.6 93.7 96.8 
Incurred claims and claim expenses:  
Claims occurring in the current period20.0 20.7 61.0 65.6 
Increase (decrease) in estimated reserves for claims occurring in prior periods(2)
(7.6)(9.7)(15.5)(11.7)
Total claims and claim expenses incurred12.4 11.0 45.5 53.9 
Claims and claim expense payments
for claims occurring during:
  
Current period
12.2 10.4 25.3 26.2 
Prior periods
4.3 5.4 24.3 28.7 
Total claims and claim expense payments16.5 15.8 49.6 54.9 
Net reserves, end of period(1)
89.6 95.8 89.6 95.8 
Plus: reinsurance recoverables27.5 28.0 27.5 28.0 
Ending gross reserves$117.1 $123.8 $117.1 $123.8 
(1) Reserves net of expected reinsurance recoverables.
(2) Shows the amounts by which the Company increased (decreased) its reserves in each of the periods indicated for claims occurring in previous periods to reflect subsequent information on such claims and changes in their projected final settlement costs - also known as prior years' reserve development.

Favorable prior years' reserve development for Group Benefits was $15.5 million and $11.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The favorable development for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was primarily the result of favorable loss trends in specialty health and group life and disability for loss years 2022 and prior. The favorable development for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was primarily the result of favorable loss trends in specialty health for loss years 2021 and prior.
Reconciliation of Property & Casualty and Group Benefits Unpaid Claims and Claim Expense Reserves to the Consolidated Balance Sheets
($ in millions)
As of September 30, 2023
As of December 31, 2022
Ending gross reserves
Property & Casualty$419.3 $388.7 
Group Benefits117.1 121.6 
Total short-duration insurance contracts536.4 510.3 
Other than short-duration(1)
50.2 53.7 
Total unpaid claims and claims expenses$586.6 $564.0 
(1) This line includes Life & Retirement, Supplemental, and other certain group benefit reserves.