EX-3.03 3 a2185823zex-3_03.htm EX-3.03
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Exhibit 3.03

SECONDTHIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

OF

NEW FRONTIER MEDIA, INC.

A Colorado Corporation

INDEX TO
SECONDTHIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS OF
NEW FRONTIER MEDIA, INC.

 
   PAGE
ARTICLE 1 OFFICES   1
 
SECTION 1.1 PRINCIPAL OFFICE. 
 
1
  SECTION 1.2 REGISTERED OFFICE.    1

ARTICLE 2 SHAREHOLDERS
 
1
 
SECTION 2.1 ANNUAL MEETING. 
 
1
  SECTION 2.2 SPECIAL MEETINGS.    1
  SECTION 2.3 PLACE OF MEETINGS.    2
  SECTION 2.4 NOTICE OF MEETING.    2
  SECTION 2.5 MEETING OF ALL SHAREHOLDERS.    2
  SECTION 2.6 CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS OR FIXING OF RECORD DATE.    2
  SECTION 2.7 VOTING REQUIRED.    3
  SECTION 2.8 QUORUM.    3
  SECTION 2.9 MANNER OF ACTING.    3
  SECTION 2.10 PROXIES.    3
  SECTION 2.11 VOTING OF SHARES.    34
  SECTION 2.12 VOTING OF SHARES BY CERTAIN SHAREHOLDERS.    4
  SECTION 2.13 INFORMAL ACTION BY SHAREHOLDERS.    45
  SECTION 2.14 VOTING BY BALLOT.    5
  SECTION 2.15 CUMULATIVE VOTING.    5

ARTICLE 3 BOARD OF DIRECTORS
 
5
 
SECTION 3.1 GENERAL POWERS. 
 
5
  SECTION 3.2 PERFORMANCE OF DUTIES.    5
  SECTION 3.3 NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS.    56
  SECTION 3.4 REGULAR MEETINGS.    6
  SECTION 3.5 SPECIAL MEETINGS.    6
  SECTION 3.6 NOTICE.    6
  SECTION 3.7 QUORUM.    7
  SECTION 3.8 MANNER OF ACTING.    7
  SECTION 3.9 INFORMAL ACTION BY DIRECTORS.    7
  SECTION 3.10 PARTICIPATION BY ELECTRONIC MEANS.    7
  SECTION 3.11 VACANCIES.    7
  SECTION 3.12 RESIGNATION.    78
  SECTION 3.13 REMOVAL.    8
  SECTION 3.14 COMMITTEES.    8
  SECTION 3.15 COMPENSATION.    8
  SECTION 3.16 PRESUMPTION OF ASSENT.    8

  SECTION 3.17 LIMITATIONS ON LIABILITY.    8
  SECTION 3.18 INDEMNIFICATION.    9

ARTICLE 4 OFFICERS
 
9
 
SECTION 4.1 NUMBER. 
 
9
  SECTION 4.2 ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE.    109
  SECTION 4.3 REMOVAL.    109
  SECTION 4.4 VACANCIES.    109
  SECTION 4.5 PRESIDENT 10CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER.   9
  SECTION 4.6 VICE PRESIDENT.    10
  SECTION 4.7 SECRETARYVICE PRESIDENT.    1110
  SECTION 4.8 SECRETARY.    10
  SECTION 4.9 TREASURER.    11
  SECTION 4.94.10 ASSISTANT SECRETARIES AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS.    11
  SECTION 4.104.11 BONDS.    11
  SECTION 4.114.12 SALARIES.    11

ARTICLE 5 CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS
 
1211
 
SECTION 5.1 CONTRACTS. 
 
1211
  SECTION 5.2 LOANS.    12
  SECTION 5.3 CHECKS, DRAFTS, ETC.    12
  SECTION 5.4 DEPOSITS.    12

ARTICLE 6 SHARES, CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES AND TRANSFER OF SHARES
 
12
 
SECTION 6.1 REGULATION. 
 
12
  SECTION 6.2 CERTIFICATES FOR STOCK.    12
  SECTION 6.3 CANCELLATION OF CERTIFICATES.    13
  SECTION 6.4 LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES.    13
  SECTION 6.5 TRANSFER OF SHARES.    13

ARTICLE 7 INDEMNIFICATION
 
14
 
SECTION 7.1 INDEMNIFICATION. 
 
14
  SECTION 7.2 RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION.    15
  SECTION 7.3 EFFECT OF TERMINATION OF ACTION.    15
  SECTION 7.4 GROUPS AUTHORIZED TO MAKE INDEMNIFICATION DETERMINATION.    15
  SECTION 7.5 COURT-ORDERED INDEMNIFICATION.    16
  SECTION 7.6 ADVANCE OF EXPENSES.    16
  SECTION 7.7 ADDITIONAL INDEMNIFICATION TO CERTAIN PERSONS OTHER THAN DIRECTORS.    17
  SECTION 7.8 WITNESS EXPENSES.    17
  SECTION 7.9 REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS.    17

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  SECTION 7.10 PROVISION OF INSURANCE.    18

ARTICLE 8 FISCAL YEAR
 
1418

ARTICLE 89 DIVIDENDS
 
1418

ARTICLE 910 CORPORATE SEAL
 
1418

ARTICLE 1011 WAIVER OF NOTICE
 
1518

ARTICLE 1112 AMENDMENTS
 
1519

ARTICLE 1213 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
 
1519
 
SECTION 12.113.1 APPOINTMENT. 
 
1519
  SECTION 12.213.2 AUTHORITY.    1519
  SECTION 12.313.3 TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS.    1519
  SECTION 12.413.4 MEETINGS.    1519
  SECTION 12.513.5 QUORUM.    1620
  SECTION 12.613.6 INFORMAL ACTION BY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.    1620
  SECTION 12.713.7 VACANCIES.    1620
  SECTION 12.813.8 RESIGNATIONS AND REMOVAL.    1620
  SECTION 12.913.9 PROCEDURE.    1620

ARTICLE 1314 EMERGENCY BYLAWS
 
1620

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SECONDTHIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
NEW FRONTIER MEDIA, INC.

A Colorado Corporation

ARTICLE 1
OFFICES

SECTION 1.1 PRINCIPAL OFFICE.

        The principal office of the corporation in the state of Colorado shall be located in the city of Boulder, county of Boulder. The corporation may have such other offices, either within or outside of the State of Colorado as the board of directors may designate, or as the business of the corporation may require from time to time.

SECTION 1.2 REGISTERED OFFICE.

        The registered office of the corporation, required by the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended, to be maintained in the State of Colorado, may be, but need not be, identical with the principal office in the State of Colorado, and the address of the registered office may be changed from time to time by the board of directors.

ARTICLE 2
SHAREHOLDERS

SECTION 2.1 ANNUAL MEETING.

        The annual meeting of the shareholders shall be held on June 1 in each year, commencing with the year 1998, at the hour of 10:00 a.m., or at such other time on such other day as shall be fixed by the board of directors for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting. If the day fixed for the annual meeting shall be a legal holiday in the State of Colorado, such meeting shall be held on the next succeeding business day. If the election of directors shall not be held on the day designated herein for any annual meeting of the shareholders, or at any adjournment thereof, the board of directors shall cause the election to be held at a special meeting of the shareholders as soon thereafter as may be convenient.

SECTION 2.2 SPECIAL MEETINGS.

        Special meetings of the shareholders, for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute, may be called by the chief executive officer, the president, or by the board of directors, and shall be called by the president at the request of the holders of not less than one-tenth of all outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote at the meeting.

SECTION 2.3 PLACE OF MEETINGS.

        The board of directors may designate any place, either within or outside of the State of Colorado, as the place of meeting for any annual meeting or for any special meeting called by the board of directors. If no designation is made, or if a special meeting be otherwise called, the place of meeting shall be the principal office of the corporation in the State of Colorado.

SECTION 2.4 NOTICE OF MEETING.

        Written notice stating the place, day and hour of the meeting of shareholders and, in case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall, unless otherwise prescribed by statute, be delivered not less than ten nor more than fiftysixty days before the date of the meeting, either personally or by mail, by or at the direction of the chief executive officer, the president, or the secretary, or the officer or other persons calling the meeting, to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting; provided, however, that if the authorized shares of the corporation are to be increased, at least thirty days' notice shall be given, and if sale of all or substantially all assets are to be voted upon, at least twenty days' notice shall be given. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the United States mail, addressed to the shareholder at his or her address as it appears on the stock transfer books of the corporation, with postage thereon prepaid.

SECTION 2.5 MEETING OF ALL SHAREHOLDERS.

        If all of the shareholders shall meet at any time and place, either within or outside of the State of Colorado, and consent to the holding of a meeting at such time and place, such meeting shall be valid without call or notice, and at such meeting any corporate action may be taken.

SECTION 2.6 CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS OR FIXING OF RECORD DATE.

        For the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, or shareholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend, or in order to make a determination of shareholders for any other purpose, the board of directors of the corporation may provide that the share transfer books shall be closed for a stated period but not to exceed, in any case, fifty days. If the share transfer books shall be closed for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders, such books shall be closed for at least ten days immediately preceding such meeting. In lieu of closing the share transfer books, the board of directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such determination of shareholders (other than one involving a purchase, redemption, or other acquisition of the of the corporation's shares), such date in any case to be not more than fiftyseventy days and, in case of a meeting of shareholders, not less than ten days prior to the date on which the particular action, requiring such determination of shareholders, is to be taken. If the share transfer books are not closed and no record date is fixed for the determination of shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of shareholders, or shareholders entitled to receive payment of a dividend, the date on which notice of the meeting is mailed or the date on which the resolution of the board of directors declaring such dividend is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of shareholders. When a determination of shareholders entitled to vote at any meeting of

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shareholders has been made as provided in this Section, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof.

SECTION 2.7 VOTING REQUIRED.

        The officer or agent having charge of the stock transfer books for shares of the corporation shall make, at leastbeginning the earlier of ten days before such meeting of shareholders or two business days after notice of the meeting is given and continuing through the meeting, a complete record of the shareholders entitled to vote at each meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, arranged in alphabetical order, with the address of and the number of shares held by each. The record, for asuch required period of ten days prior to such meeting, shall be kept on file at the principal office of the corporation, whether within or outside of the State of Colorado, and shall be subject to inspection by any shareholder for any purpose germane to the meeting at any time during usual business hours during such period. Such record shall be produced and kept open at the time and place of the meeting and shall be subject to the inspection of any shareholder during the whole time of the meeting for the purposes thereof.

        The original stock transfer books shall be the prima facie evidence as to who are the shareholders entitled to examine the record or transfer books or to vote at any meeting of shareholders.

SECTION 2.8 QUORUM.

        A majorityOne-third of the issued and outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of shareholders, except as otherwise provided by the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended, and the Articles of Incorporation. In the absence of a quorum at any such meeting, a majority of the shares so represented may adjourn the meeting from time to time for a period not to exceed sixty days without further notice. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. The shareholders present at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal during such meeting of that number of shareholders whose absence would cause there to be less than a quorum.

SECTION 2.9 MANNER OF ACTING.

        If a quorum is present, the affirmative vote of theaction on any matter at a meeting other than the election of directors is approved if a majority of the shares represented at the meeting and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall beapprove the act of the shareholdersaction, unless the vote of a greater proportion or number or voting by classes is otherwise required by statute or by the Articles of Incorporation or these bylaws. If a quorum is present and the matter presented at the meeting is an election of directors, that number of candidates equaling the number of directors to be elected, having the highest number of votes cast in favor of their election, are elected to the board of directors.

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SECTION 2.10 PROXIES.

        At all meetings of shareholders a shareholder may vote in person or by proxy executed in writing by the shareholder or by a duly authorized attorney-in-fact. Such proxy shall be filed with the secretary of the corporation before or at the time of the meeting. No proxy shall be valid after eleven months from the date of the execution, unless otherwise provided in the proxy.

SECTION 2.11 VOTING OF SHARES.

        Unless otherwise provided by these bylaws or the Articles of Incorporation, each outstanding share entitled to vote shall be entitled to one vote upon each matter submitted to vote at a meeting of shareholders, and each fractional share shall be entitled to a corresponding fractional vote on each such matter.

SECTION 2.12 VOTING OF SHARES BY CERTAIN SHAREHOLDERS.

        Shares standing in the name of another corporation may be voted by such officer, agent or proxy as the bylaws of such corporation may prescribe, or, in the absence of such provision, as the board of directors of such other corporation may determine.

        Shares standing in the name of a deceased person, a minor ward or an incompetent person, may be voted by an administrator, executor, court appointed guardian or conservator, either in person or by proxy without a transfer of such shares into the name of such administrator, executor, court appointed guardian or conservator. Shares standing in the name of a trustee may be voted by him, either in person or by proxy, but no trustee shall be entitled to vote shares held by him or her without a transfer of such shares into his or her name.

        Shares standing in the name of a receiver may be voted by such receiver and shares held by or under the control of a receiver may be voted by such receiver without the transfer thereof into the trustee name if authority so to do be contained in an appropriate order of the court by which such receiver was appointed.

        A shareholder whose shares are pledged shall be entitled to vote such shares until the shares have been transferred into the name of the pledgee, and thereafter the pledgee shall be entitled to vote the shares so transferred.

        Neither shares of its own stock belonging to this corporation, nor shares of its own stock held by it in a fiduciary capacity, nor shares of its own stock held by another corporation if the majority of shares entitled to vote for the election of directors of such corporation is held by this corporation may be voted, directly or indirectly, at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares at any given time.

        Redeemable shares which have been called for redemption shall not be entitled to vote on any matter and shall not be deemed outstanding shares on and after the date on which written notice of redemption has been mailed to shareholders and a sum sufficient to redeem such shares has been deposited with a bank or trust company with irrevocable instruction and authority to pay the redemption price to the holders of the shares upon surrender of certificates therefor, if

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certificates have been issued in respect thereof, or confirmation of a notation of cancellation of such shares on the books and records of the corporation, if uncertificated.

SECTION 2.13 INFORMAL ACTION BY SHAREHOLDERS.

        Any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the shareholders may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by all of the shareholders entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter thereof.

SECTION 2.14 VOTING BY BALLOT.

        Voting on any question or in any election may be by voice vote unless the presiding officer shall order or any shareholder shall demand that voting be by ballot.

SECTION 2.15 CUMULATIVE VOTING.

        Cumulative voting shall not be allowed.

ARTICLE 3
BOARD OF DIRECTORS

SECTION 3.1 GENERAL POWERS.

        The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by its board of directors.

SECTION 3.2 PERFORMANCE OF DUTIES.

        A director of the corporation shall perform his or her duties as a director, including his or her duties as a member of any committee of the board upon which he or she may serve, in good faith, in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation, and with such care as an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. In performing his or her duties, a director shall be entitled to rely on information, opinions, reports, or statements, including financial statements and other financial data, in each case prepared or presented by persons and groups listed in paragraphs (A), (B), and (C) of this Section 3.2; but he or she shall not be considered to be acting in good faith if he or she has knowledge concerning the matter in question that would cause such reliance to be unwarranted. A person who so performs his or her duties shall not have any liability by reason of being or having been a director of the corporation. Those persons and groups on whose information, opinions, reports, and statements a director is entitled to rely upon are:

            A.    One or more officers or employees of the corporation whom the director reasonably believes to be reliable and competent in the matter presented;

            B.    Counsel, public accountants, or other persons as to matters which the director reasonably believes to be within such persons' professional or expert competence; or

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            C.    A committee of the board upon which he or she does not serve, duly designated in accordance with the provision of the articles of incorporation or the bylaws, as to matters within its designated authority, which committee the director reasonably believes to merit confidence.

SECTION 3.3 NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS.

        The number of directors of the corporation shall be not be less than three (3) nor more than seven (7). The number of directors of the corporation shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of the board of directors, but in no instance shall there be less than one director or that number otherwise required by lawthree (3) directors unless there are fewer than three (3) shareholders, in which event the number of directors may be the same as the number of shareholders. Each director shall hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders or until his or her successor shall have been elected and qualified. Directors need not be residents of the state of Colorado or shareholders of the corporation.

        When shares of the corporation shall become owned beneficially or of record by one shareholder, the corporation shall elect at least one director. When the shares of the corporation shall become owned beneficially or of record by two shareholders, the corporation shall elect at least two directors. When the shares of the corporation shall become owned beneficially or of record by three or more shareholders, the corporation shall elect at least three directors.

        There shall be a chairman of the board, who has beenshall be elected from among the directors. He or she shall preside at all meetings of the stockholdersshareholders and of the board of directors unless unavailable. He or she shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors.

SECTION 3.4 REGULAR MEETINGS.

        A regular meeting of the board of directors shall be held without other notice than this bylaw immediately after, and at the same place as, the annual meeting of shareholders. The board of directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place, either within or without the state of Colorado, for the holding of additional regular meetings without other notice than such resolution.

SECTION 3.5 SPECIAL MEETINGS.

        Special meetings of the board of directors may be called by or at the request of the chief executive officer, the president or any two directors. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the board of directors may fix any place, either within or without the state of Colorado, as the place for holding any special meeting of the board of directors called by them.

SECTION 3.6 NOTICE.

        Written notice of any special meeting of directors shall be given as follows:

        By mail to each director at his or her business address at least three days prior to the meeting; or

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        By personal delivery or telegram at least twenty-four hours prior to the meeting to the business address of each director, or in the event such notice is given on a Saturday, Sunday or holiday, to the residence address of each director.; or

        By any other method in writing permitted under Section 17-101-402 of the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended.

        If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the United States mail, so addressed, with postage thereon prepaid. If notice be given by telegram, such notice shall be deemed to be delivered when the telegram is delivered to the telegraph company. If another permitted method is used, such notice shall be effective as provided in Section 7-101-402 of the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended.

        Any director may waive notice of any meeting. The attendance of a director at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the board of directors need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting.

SECTION 3.7 QUORUM.

        A majority of the number of directors fixed by or pursuant to sectionSection 3.2 of this Article 3 shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the board of directors, but if less than such majority is present at a meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice.

SECTION 3.8 MANNER OF ACTING.

        Except as otherwise required by law or by the Articles of Incorporation, the act of the majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board of directors.

SECTION 3.9 INFORMAL ACTION BY DIRECTORS.

        Any action required or permitted to be taken by the board of directors or by a committee thereof at a meeting may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by all of the directors or all of the committee members entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter thereof.

SECTION 3.10 PARTICIPATION BY ELECTRONIC MEANS.

        Any members of the board of directors or any committee designated by such board may participate in a meeting of the board of directors or committee by means of telephone conference or similar communications equipment by which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time. Such participation shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.

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SECTION 3.11 VACANCIES.

        Any vacancy occurring in the board of directors may be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors though less than a quorum of the board of directors. A director elected to fill a vacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of his or her predecessor in office. Any directorship to be filled by reason of an increase in the number of directors may be filled by election by the board of directors for a term of office continuing only until the next election of directors by the shareholders.

SECTION 3.12 RESIGNATION.

        Any director of the corporation may resign at any time by giving written notice to the president or the secretary of the corporation. The resignation of any director shall take effect upon receipt of notice thereof or at such later time as shall be specified in such notice, and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. When one or more directors shall resign from the board, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective.

SECTION 3.13 REMOVAL.

        Any director or directors of the corporation may be removed at any time, with or without cause, in the manner provided in the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended.

SECTION 3.14 COMMITTEES.

        By resolution adopted by a majority of the board of directors, the directors may designate two or more directors to constitute a committee, any of which shall have such authority in the management of the corporation as the board of directors shall designate and as shall be prescribed by the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended.

SECTION 3.15 COMPENSATION.

        By resolution of the board of directors and irrespective of any personal interest of any of the members, each director may be paid his or her expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the board of directors, and may be paid a stated salary as director or a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the board of directors or both. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.

SECTION 3.16 PRESUMPTION OF ASSENT.

        A director of the corporation who is present at a meeting of the board of directors at which action on any corporate matter is taken shall be presumed to have assented to the action taken unless his or her dissent shall be entered in the minutes of the meeting or unless he or she shall file his or her written dissent to such action with the person acting as the secretary of the meeting before the adjournment thereof or shall forward such dissent by registered mail to the

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secretary of the corporation immediately after the adjournment of the meeting. Such right to dissent shall not apply to a director who voted in favor of such action.

SECTION 3.17 LIMITATIONS ON LIABILITY.

        To the fullest extent permitted by the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, a director of the corporation shall not be liable to the corporation or its stockholdersshareholders for monetary damages for any action taken or any failure to take any action as a director. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a director will have liability for monetary damages for a breach or failure which involves: (i) a violation of criminal law; (ii) a transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit, either directly or indirectly; (iii) distributions in violation of the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended, or the Articles of Incorporation of the corporation (but only to the extent provided by law); (iv) willful misconduct or disregard for the best interests of the corporation concerning any acts or omissions concerning any proceeding other than in the right of the corporation or a shareholder; or (v) reckless, malicious or wanton acts or omissions concerning any proceeding other than in the right of the corporation or of a shareholder. No repeal, amendment or modification of this Article, whether direct or indirect, shall eliminate or reduce its effect with respect to any act or omission of a director of the corporation occurring prior to such repeal, amendment or modification.

SECTION 3.18 INDEMNIFICATION.

        Subject to and in accordance with the Colorado Business Corporation Act, and except as may be expressly limited by the Articles of Incorporation and any amendments thereto, the corporation shall indemnify any person:

              (i)  made a party to any proceeding (other than an action by, or in the right of, the corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the corporation's request, as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, or other enterprise; or,

             (ii)  who was or is a party to any proceeding by or in the right of the corporation, to procure a judgement in its favor by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise. This indemnification shall be mandatory in all circumstances in which indemnification is permitted by law.

        The corporation may maintain indemnification insurance regardless of its power to indemnify under the Colorado Business Corporation Act.

        The corporation may make any other or further indemnification or advancement of expenses of any of the directors, officers, employees or agents under any bylaw, agreement, vote of shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and to action in another capacity while holding such office, except an indemnification against material criminal or unlawful misconduct as set forth by statute, or as to any transaction wherein the director derived an improper personal benefit.

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        Except to the extent reimbursement shall be mandatory in accordance herewith, the corporation shall have the right to refuse indemnification, in whole or in part, in any instance in which the person to whom indemnification would otherwise have been applicable, if he or she unreasonably refused to permit the corporation, at its own expense and through counsel of its own choosing, to defend him or her in the action, or unreasonably refused to cooperate in the defense of such action.

ARTICLE 4
OFFICERS

SECTION 4.1 NUMBER.

        The officers of the corporation shall be a president, a secretary, and a treasurer, each of whom shall be elected by the board of directors. Such other officers as may be deemed necessary may be elected or appointed by the board of directors. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person.

SECTION 4.2 ELECTION AND TERM OF OFFICE.

        The officers of the corporation to be elected by the board of directors shall be elected annually by the board of directors at the first meeting of the board of directors held after the annual meeting of the shareholders. If the election of officers shall not be held at such meeting, such election shall be held as soon thereafter as practicable. Each officer shall hold office until his or her successor shall have been duly elected and shall have qualified or until his or her death or until he or she shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner hereinafter provided.

SECTION 4.3 REMOVAL.

        Any officer or agent may be removed by the board of directors whenever in its judgementjudgment the best interests of the corporation will be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. Election or appointment of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contract rights.

SECTION 4.4 VACANCIES.

        A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or otherwise, may be filled by the board of directors for the unexpired portion of the term.

SECTION 4.5 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

        The chief executive officer (the "CEO") shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation, shall have overall responsibility and authority for management of the operations of the corporation (subject to the authority of the board of directors), shall preside at all meetings of the shareholders if the chairman of the board of directors is unavailable, unless unavailable. He or she may sign, with the secretary or any other proper officer of the corporation thereunto authorized by the board of directors, certificates for shares of the corporation and deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, or other instruments which the board of directors has authorized to be executed, excepted in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly

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delegated by the board of directors or by these bylaws to some other officer or agent of the corporation, or shall be required by law to be otherwise signed or executed.

SECTION 4.6 PRESIDENT.

        The president shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation and, subject to the control of the board of directors and the CEO,shall in general supervise and control all of the business and affairs of the corporation. He or she shall, when present, and in the absence of a chairman of the board and CEO, preside at all meetings of the shareholders and of the board of directors. Her or she shall, in the absence of the CEO or in the event of the CEO's death, inability or refusal to act, perform all duties of the CEO, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all of the restrictions on the CEO. He or she may sign, with the secretary or any other proper officer of the corporation thereunto authorized by the board of directors, certificates for shares of the corporation and deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts, or other instruments which the board of directors has authorized to be executed, excepted in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the board of directors or by these bylaws to some other officer or agent of the corporation, or shall be required by law to be otherwise signed or executed; and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of president and such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors from time to time.

SECTION 4.7SECTION 4.6 VICE PRESIDENT.

        If elected or appointed by the board of directors or any senior officer, the vice president (or in the event there be more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order designated at the time of their election or appointment, or in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their election or appointment) shall, in the absence of the president or in the event of his or her death, inability or refusal to act, perform all duties of the president, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the president. Any vice president may sign, with the treasurer or an assistant treasurer or the secretary or an assistant secretary, certificates for shares of the corporation; and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the CEO, the president or by the board of directors.

SECTION 4.8SECTION 4.7 SECRETARY.

        The secretary shall: (a) keep the minutes of the proceedings of the shareholders and of the board of directors in one or more books provided for that purpose; (b) see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these bylaws or as required by law; (c) be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the corporation and see that the seal of the corporation is affixed to all documents the execution of which on behalf of the corporation under its seal is duly authorized; (d) keep a register of the post office address of each shareholder which shall be furnished to the secretary by such shareholder; (e) sign with the chairman or vice chairman of the board of directors, or the CEO, the president, or a vice president, certificates for shares of the corporation, the issuance of which shall have been authorized by resolution of the board of directors; (f) have general charge of the stock transfer books of the corporation; and (g) in general perform all duties incident to the office of secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the CEO, the president or by the board of directors.

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SECTION 4.9SECTION 4.8 TREASURER.

        The treasurer shall: (a) have charge and custody of and be responsible for all funds and securities of the corporation; (b) receive and give receipts for moneys due and payable to the corporation from any source whatsoever, and deposit all such moneys in the name of the corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as shall be selected in accordance with the provisions of Article 5 of these bylaws; and (c) in general perform all of the duties incident to the office of treasurer and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the CEO, the president or by the board of directors.

SECTION 4.10SECTION 4.9 ASSISTANT SECRETARIES AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS.

        The assistant secretaries, when authorized by the board of directors, may sign with the chairman or vice chairman of the board of directors or the CEO, the president or a vice president certificates for shares of the corporation the issuance of which shall have been authorized by a resolution of the board of directors. The assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers, in general, shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the secretary or the treasurer, respectively, or by the CEO, the president or the board of directors.

SECTION 4.11SECTION 4.10 BONDS.

        If the board of directors by resolution shall so require, any officer or agent of the corporation shall give bond to the corporation in such amount and with such surety as the board of directors may deem sufficient, conditioned upon the faithful performance of their respective duties and offices.

SECTION 4.12SECTION 4.11 SALARIES.

        The salaries of the officers shall be fixed from time to time by the board of directors or its designee and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such salary by reason of the fact that he or she is also a director of the corporation.

ARTICLE 5
CONTRACTS, LOANS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS

SECTION 5.1 CONTRACTS.

        The board of directors may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

SECTION 5.2 LOANS.

        No loans shall be contracted on behalf of the corporation and no evidences of indebtedness shall be issued in its name unless authorized by a resolution of the board of directors. Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

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SECTION 5.3 CHECKS, DRAFTS, ETC.

        All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers, agent or agents of the corporation and in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the board of directors.

SECTION 5.4 DEPOSITS.

        All funds of the corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the board of directors may select.

ARTICLE 6
SHARES, CERTIFICATES FOR SHARES AND TRANSFER OF SHARES

SECTION 6.1 REGULATION.

        The board of directors may make such rules and regulations as it may deem appropriate concerning the issuance, transfer and registration of certificates for shares of the corporation, including the appointment of transfer agents and registrars.

SECTION 6.2 CERTIFICATES FOR STOCK.

        The shares of the corporation's stock may be certificated or uncertificated, as provided under Colorado law, and shall be entered in the books of the corporation and registered as they are issued. Any certificates issued to any shareholder of the corporation shall be respectively numbered serially for each class of shares, or series thereof, as they are issued, shall be impressed with the corporate seal or a facsimile thereof, if applicable, and shall be signed by the chairman or vice-chairman of the board of directors or by the president or a vice president and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer or by the secretary or an assistant secretary; provided that such signatures may be facsimile if the certificate is counter-signed by a transfer agent, or registered by a registrar other than the corporation itself or its employee. Each certificate shall state the name of the corporation, the fact that the corporation is organized or incorporated under the laws of the State of Colorado, the name of the person to whom issued, the date of issue, the class (or series of any class), the number of shares represented thereby and the par value of the shares represented thereby or a statement that such shares are without par value. A statement of the designations, preferences, qualifications, limitations, restrictions and special or relative rights of the shares of each class shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificates which the corporation shall issue, or in lieu thereof, the certificate may set forth that such a statement or summary will be furnished to any shareholder upon request without charge. Each certificate shall be otherwise in such form as may be prescribed by the board of directors and as shall conform to the rules of any stock exchange on which the shares may be listed.

        Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated shares, the corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof a written statement that shall set forth all of the information required by the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended, and these bylaws to be provided to holders of uncertificated shares, and any restrictions on the transfer or

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registration of such shares imposed by the corporation's then-effective articles of incorporation, bylaws and any agreement among shareholders or any agreement between shareholders and the corporation.

        The corporation shall not issue certificates representing fractional shares and shall not be obligated to make any transfers creating a fractional interest in a share. The corporation may, but shall not be obligated to, issue scrip in lieu of any fractional shares, such scrip to have terms and conditions specified by the board of directors.

SECTION 6.3 CANCELLATION OF CERTIFICATES.

        All certificates surrendered to the corporation for transfer shall be canceled and no new certificates shall be issued in lieu thereof until the former certificate for a like number of shares shall have been surrendered and canceled, except as herein provided with respect to lost, stolen or destroyed certificates.

SECTION 6.4 LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES.

        Any shareholder claiming that his or her certificate for shares is lost, stolen or destroyed may make an affidavit or affirmation of that fact and lodge the same with the secretary of the corporation, accompanied by a signed application for a new certificate. Thereupon, and upon the giving of a satisfactory bond of indemnity to the corporation not exceeding an amount double the value of the shares as represented by such certificate (the necessity for such bond and the amount required to be determined by the president and treasurer of the corporation), the corporation may issue (i) a new certificate of the same tenor and representing the same number, class and series of shares as were represented by the certificate alleged to be lost, stolen or destroyed; or (ii) uncertificated shares in place of the certificate previously issued by the corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.

SECTION 6.5 TRANSFER OF SHARES.

        Upon surrender to the corporation or the transfer agent of the corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer, and evidence of compliance with applicable securities laws and other restrictions, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate or evidence of the issuance of uncertificated shares to the shareholder entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon the corporation's books. Upon the surrender of any certificate for transfer, such certificate shall at once be conspicuously marked on its face "Cancelled" and filed with the permanent stock records of the corporation.

        Upon the receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered owner of uncertificated shares, such uncertificated shares shall be cancelled, issuance of new equivalent uncertificated shares or certificated shares shall be made to the shareholder entitled thereto and the transaction shall be recorded upon the books of the corporation. If the corporation has a transfer agent or registrar acting on its behalf, the signature of any officer or representative thereof may be in facsimile.

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        The board of directors may appoint a transfer agent and one or more co-transfer agents and a registrar and one or more co-registrars and may make or authorize such agent to make all such rules and regulations deemed expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration of shares of stock.

        As against the corporation, a transfer of shares can be made only on the books of the corporation and in the manner hereinabove provided, and the corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share as the owner thereof and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, save as expressly provided by the statutes of the State of Colorado.

ARTICLE 7
INDEMNIFICATION

SECTION 7.1 INDEMNIFICATION.

        For purposes of this Article 7, a "Proper Person" means any person (including the estate or personal representative of a director) who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, and whether formal or informal, by reason of the fact that such individual is or was a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, fiduciary or agent of any foreign or domestic profit or nonprofit corporation or of any partnership, joint venture, trust, profit or nonprofit unincorporated association, limited liability company, or other enterprise or employee benefit plan. The corporation shall indemnify any Proper Person against reasonably incurred expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, penalties, fines (including any excise tax assessed with respect to an employee benefit plan) and amounts paid in settlement reasonably incurred by such Proper Person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if it is determined by the groups set forth in Section 7.4 of this Article 7 that such Proper Person conducted himself in good faith and reasonably believed (i) in the case of conduct in the official capacity of such Proper Person with the corporation, that the conduct of such Proper Person was in the corporation's best interests; or (ii) in all other cases (except criminal cases), that the conduct of such Proper Person was at least not opposed to the corporation's best interests; or (iii) in the case of any criminal proceeding, that the Proper Person had no reasonable cause to believe such conduct was unlawful. Official capacity means, when used with respect to a director, the office of director and, when used with respect to any other Proper Person, the office in a corporation held by the officer or the employment, fiduciary or agency relationship undertaken by the employee, fiduciary, or agent on behalf of the corporation. Official capacity does not include service for any other domestic or foreign corporation or other person or employee benefit plan.

        A director's conduct with respect to an employee benefit plan for a purpose the director reasonably believed to be in the interests of the participants in or beneficiaries of the plan is conduct that satisfies the requirement in (ii) of this Section 7.1. A director's conduct with respect to an employee benefit plan for a purpose that the director did not reasonably believe to

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be in the interests of the participants in or beneficiaries of the plan shall be deemed not to satisfy the requirement of this Section 7.1 that a director acted in good faith.

        No indemnification shall be made under this Article 7 to a Proper Person with respect to any claim, issue or matter in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of a corporation in which the Proper Person was adjudged liable to the corporation or in connection with any proceeding charging that the Proper Person derived an improper personal benefit, whether or not involving action in an official capacity, in which such Proper Person was adjudged liable on the basis that such Proper Person derived an improper personal benefit. Further, indemnification under this Section 7.1 in connection with a proceeding brought by or in the right of the corporation shall be limited to reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees, incurred in connection with the proceeding.

SECTION 7.2 RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION.

        The corporation shall indemnify any Proper Person who was wholly successful, on the merits or otherwise, in defense of any action, suit, or proceeding as to which such Proper Person was entitled to indemnification under Section 7.1 of this Article 7 against expenses (including attorneys' fees) reasonably incurred by such Proper Person in connection with the proceeding without the necessity of any action by the corporation other than the determination in good faith that the defense has been wholly successful.

SECTION 7.3 EFFECT OF TERMINATION OF ACTION.

        The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent shall not of itself create a presumption that the person seeking indemnification did not meet the standards of conduct described in Section 7.1 of this Article 7. Entry of a judgment by consent as part of a settlement shall not be deemed an adjudication of liability, as described in Section 7.2 of this Article 7.

SECTION 7.4 GROUPS AUTHORIZED TO MAKE INDEMNIFICATION DETERMINATION.

        Except where there is a right to indemnification as set forth in Sections 7.1 or 7.2 of this Article 7 or where indemnification is ordered by a court in Section 7.5 of this Article 7, any indemnification shall be made by the corporation only as determined in the specific case by a proper group that indemnification of the Proper Person is permissible under the circumstances because the Proper Person has met the applicable standards of conduct set forth in Section 7.1 of this Article 7. This determination shall be made by the board of directors by a majority vote of those present at a meeting at which a Quorum, as defined hereunder, is present. For purposes of this Article 7, a "Quorum" shall consist of all directors not party to the proceeding. If a Quorum cannot be obtained, the determination shall be made by a majority vote of a committee of the board of directors designated by the board of directors, which committee shall consist of two or more directors not parties to the proceeding, except that directors who are parties to the proceeding may participate in the designation of directors for the committee. If a Quorum of the board of directors cannot be obtained and the committee cannot be established, or even if a Quorum is obtained or the committee is designated and a majority of the directors constituting

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such Quorum or committee so directs, the determination shall be made by (i) independent legal counsel selected by a vote of the board of directors or the committee in the manner specified in this Section 7.4 or, if a Quorum of the full board of directors cannot be obtained and a committee cannot be established, by independent legal counsel selected by a majority vote of the full board of directors (including directors who are parties to the action) or (ii) a vote of the shareholders.

        Authorization of indemnification and advance of expenses shall be made in the same manner as the determination that indemnification or advance of expenses is permissible except that, if the determination that indemnification or advance of expenses is permissible is made by independent legal counsel, authorization of indemnification and advance of expenses shall be made by the body that selected such counsel.

SECTION 7.5 COURT-ORDERED INDEMNIFICATION.

        Any Proper Person may apply for indemnification to the court conducting the proceeding or to another court of competent jurisdiction for mandatory indemnification under Section 7.2 of this Article 7, including indemnification for reasonable expenses incurred to obtain court-ordered indemnification. If a court determines that the Proper Person is entitled to indemnification under Section 7.2 of this Article 7, the court shall order indemnification, including the Proper Person's reasonable expenses incurred to obtain court-ordered indemnification. If the court determines that such Proper Person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification in view of all the relevant circumstances, whether or not such Proper Person met the standards of conduct set forth in Section 7.1 of this Article 7 or was adjudged liable in the proceeding, the court may order such indemnification as the court deems proper except that if the Proper Person has been adjudged liable, indemnification shall be limited to reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the proceeding and reasonable expenses incurred to obtain court-ordered indemnification.

SECTION 7.6 ADVANCE OF EXPENSES.

        Reasonable expenses (including attorneys' fees) incurred in defending an action, suit or proceeding as described in Section 7.1 of this Article 7 may be paid by the corporation to any Proper Person in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of (i) a written affirmation of such Proper Person's good faith belief that such Proper Person has met the standards of conduct prescribed by Section 7.1 of this Article 7; (ii) a written undertaking, executed personally or on the Proper Person's behalf, to repay such advances if it is ultimately determined that such Proper Person did not meet the prescribed standards of conduct (the undertaking shall be an unlimited general obligation of the Proper Person but need not be secured and may be accepted without reference to financial ability to make repayment); and (iii) a determination is made by the proper group (as described in Section 7.4 of this Article 7) that the facts as then known to the group would not preclude indemnification. Determination and authorization of payments shall be made in the same manner specified in Section 7.4 of this Article 7.

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SECTION 7.7 ADDITIONAL INDEMNIFICATION TO CERTAIN PERSONS OTHER THAN DIRECTORS.

        In addition to the indemnification provided to officers, employees, fiduciaries or agents because of their status as Proper Persons under this Article 7, the corporation may also indemnify and advance expenses to them if they are not directors of the corporation to a greater extent than is provided in these bylaws, if not inconsistent with public policy, and if provided for by general or specific action of its board of directors or shareholders or by contract.

SECTION 7.8 WITNESS EXPENSES.

        The sections of this Article 7 do not limit the corporation's authority to pay or reimburse expenses incurred by a director in connection with an appearance as a witness in a proceeding at a time when such individual has not been made a named as a defendant or respondent in the proceeding.

SECTION 7.9 REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS.

        Any indemnification of or advance of expenses to a director in accordance with this Article 7, if arising out of a proceeding by or on behalf of the corporation, shall be reported in writing to the shareholders with or before the notice of the next shareholders' meeting. If the next shareholder action is taken without a meeting at the instigation of the board of directors, such notice shall be given to the shareholders at or before the time the first shareholder signs a writing consenting to such action.

SECTION 7.10 PROVISION OF INSURANCE.

        By action of the board of directors, notwithstanding any interest of the directors in the action, the corporation may purchase and maintain insurance, in such scope and amounts as the board of directors deems appropriate, on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the corporation, or who, while a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the corporation, is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, partner, trustee, employee, fiduciary or agent of any other foreign or domestic profit or nonprofit corporation or of any partnership, joint venture, trust, profit or nonprofit unincorporated association, limited liability company, other enterprise or employee benefit plan, against any liability asserted against, or incurred by, such individual in that capacity or arising out of such individual's status as such, whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify such individual against such liability under the provisions of Article 7 of these bylaws or applicable law. Any such insurance may be procured from any insurance company designated by the board of directors of the corporation, whether such insurance company is formed under the laws of Colorado or any other jurisdiction of the United States or elsewhere, including any insurance company in which the corporation has an equity interest or any other interest, through stock ownership or otherwise.

ARTICLE 8
FISCAL YEAR

        The fiscal year of the corporation shall end on the last day of March each year.

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ARTICLE 9ARTICLE 8
DIVIDENDS

        The board of directors may from time to time declare, and the corporation may pay, dividends on its outstanding shares in the manner and upon the terms and conditions provided by law and its Articles of Incorporation.

ARTICLE 10ARTICLE 9
CORPORATE SEAL

        The board of directors shallmay provide a corporate seal which shall be circular in form and shall have inscribed thereon the name of the corporation and the state of incorporation and the words "CORPORATE SEAL."

ARTICLE 11ARTICLE 10
WAIVER OF NOTICE

        Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of these bylaws or under the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation or under the provisions of the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended, or otherwise, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the event or other circumstance requiring such notice, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice.

ARTICLE 12ARTICLE 11
AMENDMENTS

        These bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed and new bylaws may be adopted by a majority of the directors present at any meeting of the board of directors of the corporation at which a quorum is present, or by unanimous written consent of the board of directors as provided in Section 3.9 hereof.

ARTICLE 13ARTICLE 12
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

SECTION 13.1SECTION 12.1 APPOINTMENT.

        The board of directors by resolution adopted by a majority of the full board, may designate two or more of its members to constitute an executive committee. The designation of such committee and the delegation thereto of authority shall not operate to relieve the board of directors, or any member thereof, of any responsibility imposed by law.

SECTION 13.2SECTION 12.2 AUTHORITY.

        The executive committee, when the board of directors is not in session, shall have and may exercise all of the authority of the board of directors except to the extent, if any, that such authority shall be limited by the resolution appointing the executive committee and except also that the executive committee shall not have the authority of the board of directors in reference to amending the Articles of Incorporation, adopting a plan of merger or consolidation,

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recommending to the shareholders the sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the property and assets of the corporation otherwise than in the usual and regular course of its business, recommending to the shareholders a voluntary dissolution of the corporation or a revocation thereof, or amending the bylaws of the corporation.

SECTION 13.3SECTION 12.3 TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS.

        Each member of the executive committee shall hold office until the next regular annual meeting of the board of directors following his or her designation and until his or her successor is designated as a member of the executive committee and is elected and qualified.

SECTION 13.4SECTION 12.4 MEETINGS.

        Regular meetings of the executive committee may be held without notice at such time and places as the executive committee may fix from time to time by resolution. Special meetings of the executive committee may be called by any member thereof upon not less than one day's notice stating the place, date and hour of the meeting, which notice may be written or oral, and if mailed, shall be deemed to be delivered when deposited in the United States mail addressed to the member of the executive committee at his or her business address. Any member of the executive committee may waive notice of any meeting and no notice of any meeting need be given to any member thereof who attends in person. The notice of a meeting of the executive committee need not state the business proposed to be transacted at the meeting.

SECTION 13.5SECTION 12.5 QUORUM.

        A majority of the members of the executive committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting thereof, and action of the executive committee must be authorized by the affirmative vote of a majority of the members present at a meeting at which a quorum is present.

SECTION 13.6SECTION 12.6 INFORMAL ACTION BY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

        Any action required or permitted to be taken by the executive committee at a meeting may be taken without a meeting if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by all of the directors entitled to vote with respect to the subject matter thereof.

SECTION 13.7SECTION 12.7 VACANCIES.

        Any vacancy in the executive committee may be filled by a resolution adopted by a majority of the full board of directors.

SECTION 13.8SECTION 12.8 RESIGNATIONS AND REMOVAL.

        Any member of the executive committee may be removed at any time with or without cause by resolution adopted by a majority of the full board of directors. Any member of the executive committee may resign from the executive committee at any time by giving written notice to the president or secretary of the corporation, and unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.

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SECTION 13.9SECTION 12.9 PROCEDURE.

        The executive committee shall elect a presiding officer from its members and may fix its own rules of procedure which shall not be inconsistent with these bylaws. It shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and report the same to the board of directors for its information at the meeting thereof held next after the proceedings shall have been taken.

ARTICLE 14ARTICLE 13
EMERGENCY BYLAWS

        The emergency bylaws provided in this Article 1314 shall be operative during any emergency (as defined in Section 7-102-107(4) of the Colorado Business Corporation Act, as amended) in the conduct of the business of the corporation resulting from an attack on the United States or any nuclear or atomic disaster, notwithstanding any different provision in the preceding articles of the bylaws or in the Articles of Incorporation or in the Colorado Business Corporation Actbylaws. To the extent not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article, 14, the bylaws provided in the preceding articles shall remain in effect during such emergency and upon its termination the emergency bylaws shall cease to be operative.

        During any such emergency:

            A.    A meeting of the hoardboard of directors may be called by any officer or director of the corporation. Notice of the time and place of the meeting shall be given by the person calling the meeting to such of the directors as it may be feasible to reach by any available means of communication. Such notice shall be given at such time in advance of the meeting as circumstances permit in the judgment of the person calling the meeting.

            B.    At any such meeting of the board of directors, a quorum shall consist of the number of directors in attendance at such meeting.

            C.    The board of directors, either before or during any such emergency, may, effective in the emergency, change the principal office or designate several alternative principal offices or regional offices, or authorize the officers so to do.

            D.    The board of directors, either before or during any such emergency, may provide, and from time to time modify, lines of succession in the event that during an emergency any or all officers or agents of the corporation shall for any reason be rendered incapable of discharging their duties.

            E.    No officer, director or employee acting in accordance with these emergency bylaws shall be liable except for willful misconduct.

            F.     These emergency bylaws shall hebe subject to repeal or change by further action of the board of directors or by action of the shareholders, but no such repeal or change shall modify the provisions of the next paragraph with regard toany action taken prior to the time of such repeal or change. Any amendment of these emergency bylaws may make any further or different provision that may be practical and necessary for the circumstances of the emergency.

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THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS OF NEW FRONTIER MEDIA, INC.