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Business Segment and Geographic Disclosures
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2015
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Business Segment and Geographic Disclosures
Business Segment and Geographic Disclosures
Fuel Tech segregates its financial results into two reportable segments representing two broad technology segments as follows:
•
The Air Pollution Control technology segment includes technologies to reduce NOx emissions in flue gas from boilers, incinerators, furnaces and other stationary combustion sources. These include Low and Ultra Low NOx Burners (LNB and ULNB), Over-Fire Air (OFA) systems, NOxOUT® and HERT™ Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR) systems, and Advanced Selective Catalytic Reduction (ASCR™) systems. The ASCR system includes ULNB, OFA, and SNCR components, along with a downsized SCR catalyst, Ammonia Injection Grid (AIG), and Graduated Straightening Grid (GSG™) systems to provide high NOx reductions at significantly lower capital and operating costs than conventional SCR systems. The NOxOUT CASCADE® and NOxOUT-SCR® processes are basic types of ASCR systems, using just SNCR and SCR catalyst components. ULTRA™ technology creates ammonia at a plant site using safe urea for use with any SCR application. Also included in this technology segment are Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) rebuilds and retrofits and Flue Gas Conditioning systems, which are chemical injection systems used to enhance ESP and fabric filter performance in controlling particulate emissions.
•
The FUEL CHEM® technology segment, which uses chemical processes in combination with advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Chemical Kinetics Modeling (CKM) boiler modeling, for the control of slagging, fouling, corrosion, opacity and other sulfur trioxide-related issues in furnaces and boilers through the addition of chemicals into the furnace using TIFI® Targeted In-Furnace Injection™ technology.
The “Other” classification includes those profit and loss items not allocated by Fuel Tech to each reportable segment. Further, there are no intersegment sales that require elimination.
Fuel Tech evaluates performance and allocates resources based on reviewing gross margin by reportable segment. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies (Note 1 in our annual report on Form 10-K). Fuel Tech does not review assets by reportable segment, but rather, in aggregate for Fuel Tech as a whole.
Information about reporting segment net sales and gross margin are provided below:
Three months ended September 30, 2015
 
Air Pollution
Control Segment
 
FUEL CHEM
Segment
 
Other
 
Total
Revenues from external customers
 
$
13,078

 
$
8,599

 
$
—

 
$
21,677

Cost of sales
 
(10,021
)
 
(3,808
)
 
—

 
(13,829
)
Gross margin
 
3,057

 
4,791

 
—

 
7,848

Selling, general and administrative
 
—

 
—

 
(7,122
)
 
(7,122
)
Research and development
 
—

 
—

 
(1,521
)
 
(1,521
)
Operating income (loss)
 
$
3,057

 
$
4,791

 
$
(8,643
)
 
$
(795
)
 
Three months ended September 30, 2014
 
Air Pollution
Control Segment
 
FUEL CHEM
Segment
 
Other
 
Total
Revenues from external customers
 
$
11,140

 
$
10,342

 
$
—

 
$
21,482

Cost of sales
 
(6,621
)
 
(4,961
)
 
—

 
(11,582
)
Gross margin
 
4,519

 
5,381

 
—

 
9,900

Selling, general and administrative
 
—

 
—

 
(8,080
)
 
(8,080
)
Research and development
 
—

 
—

 
(379
)
 
(379
)
Operating income (loss)
 
$
4,519

 
$
5,381

 
$
(8,459
)
 
$
1,441

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2015
 
Air Pollution
Control Segment
 
FUEL CHEM
Segment
 
Other
 
Total
Revenues from external customers
 
$
31,022

 
$
24,441

 
$
—

 
$
55,463

Cost of sales
 
(22,111
)
 
(11,702
)
 
—

 
(33,813
)
Gross margin
 
8,911

 
12,739

 
—

 
21,650

Selling, general and administrative
 
—

 
—

 
(23,725
)
 
(23,725
)
Research and development
 
—

 
—

 
(3,375
)
 
(3,375
)
Operating income (loss)
 
$
8,911

 
$
12,739

 
$
(27,100
)
 
$
(5,450
)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine months ended September 30, 2014
 
Air Pollution
Control Segment
 
FUEL CHEM
Segment
 
Other
 
Total
Revenues from external customers
 
$
33,178

 
$
27,155

 
$
—

 
$
60,333

Cost of sales
 
(21,339
)
 
(12,730
)
 
—

 
(34,069
)
Gross margin
 
11,839

 
14,425

 
—

 
26,264

Selling, general and administrative
 
—

 
—

 
(25,783
)
 
(25,783
)
Research and development
 
—

 
—

 
(848
)
 
(848
)
Operating income (loss)
 
$
11,839

 
$
14,425

 
$
(26,631
)
 
$
(367
)

Information concerning Fuel Tech’s operations by geographic area is provided below. Revenues are attributed to countries based on the location of the customer. Assets are those directly associated with operations of the geographic area.
 
Three Months Ended 
 September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended 
 September 30,
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
Revenues:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
United States
$
13,665

 
$
10,690

 
$
38,141

 
$
33,653

Foreign
8,012

 
10,792

 
17,322

 
26,680

 
$
21,677

 
$
21,482

 
$
55,463

 
$
60,333


 
 
September 30,
2015
 
December 31,
2014
Assets:
 
 
 
 
United States
 
$
53,423

 
$
64,324

Foreign
 
29,510

 
27,147

 
 
$
82,933

 
$
91,471