4. SECURITIES

The following tables summarize the amortized cost and estimated fair value of the available for sale and held to maturity investment securities portfolio at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and the corresponding amounts of unrealized gains and losses therein:


	September 30, 2019
			Gross		Gross		Estimated
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair
(In thousands)	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
Available for sale:
U.S. GSE securities	$	5,000	$	—	$	(13)	$	4,987
State and municipal obligations		29,587		813		—		30,400
U.S. GSE residential mortgage-backed securities		89,104		530		(558)		89,076
U.S. GSE residential collateralized mortgage obligations		309,146		1,688		(1,643)		309,191
U.S. GSE commercial mortgage-backed securities		11,867		34		(16)		11,885
U.S. GSE commercial collateralized mortgage obligations		96,201		2,285		(133)		98,353
Other asset backed securities		24,250		—		(788)		23,462
Corporate bonds		46,000		—		(2,648)		43,352
Total available for sale		611,155		5,350		(5,799)		610,706

Held to maturity:
State and municipal obligations		42,512		928		—		43,440
U.S. GSE residential mortgage-backed securities		8,514		3		(58)		8,459
U.S. GSE residential collateralized mortgage obligations		43,881		739		(264)		44,356
U.S. GSE commercial mortgage-backed securities		17,407		209		(15)		17,601
U.S. GSE commercial collateralized mortgage obligations		27,415		297		(65)		27,647
Total held to maturity		139,729		2,176		(402)		141,503
Total securities	$	750,884	$	7,526	$	(6,201)	$	752,209


	December 31, 2018
			Gross		Gross		Estimated
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair
(In thousands)	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value
Available for sale:
U.S. GSE securities	$	29,997	$	—	$	(947)	$	29,050
State and municipal obligations		40,980		105		(354)		40,731
U.S. GSE residential mortgage-backed securities		96,536		38		(3,036)		93,538
U.S. GSE residential collateralized mortgage obligations		362,905		826		(5,954)		357,777
U.S. GSE commercial mortgage-backed securities		3,536		—		(28)		3,508
U.S. GSE commercial collateralized mortgage obligations		93,177		—		(2,539)		90,638
Other asset-backed securities		24,250		—		(1,031)		23,219
Corporate bonds		46,000		—		(3,575)		42,425
Total available for sale		697,381		969		(17,464)		680,886

Held to maturity:
State and municipal obligations		53,540		290		(276)		53,554
U.S. GSE residential mortgage-backed securities		9,688		—		(336)		9,352
U.S. GSE residential collateralized mortgage obligations		48,244		163		(1,130)		47,277
U.S. GSE commercial mortgage-backed securities		19,098		4		(620)		18,482
U.S. GSE commercial collateralized mortgage obligations		29,593		—		(1,466)		28,127
Total held to maturity		160,163		457		(3,828)		156,792
Total securities	$	857,544	$	1,426	$	(21,292)	$	837,678

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and estimated fair value by contractual maturity of the available for sale and held to maturity investment securities portfolio at September 30, 2019. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.


	September 30, 2019
	Amortized		Estimated
(In thousands)	Cost		Fair Value
Maturity
Available for sale:
Within one year	$	1,133	$	1,133
One to five years		37,676		37,428
Five to ten years		47,649		45,898
Beyond ten years		524,697		526,247
Total	$	611,155	$	610,706

Held to maturity:
Within one year	$	8,768	$	8,787
One to five years		22,504		22,903
Five to ten years		31,673		32,300
Beyond ten years		76,784		77,513
Total	$	139,729	$	141,503

The following tables summarize securities with gross unrealized losses at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, aggregated by category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:


	September 30, 2019
	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months
	Estimated		Gross		Estimated		Gross
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
(In thousands)	Value		Losses		Value		Losses
Available for sale:
U.S. GSE securities	$	—	$	—	$	4,987	$	(13)
State and municipal obligations		—		—		76		—
U.S. GSE residential mortgage-backed securities		4,855		(17)		45,344		(541)
U.S. GSE residential collateralized mortgage obligations		81,276		(610)		95,027		(1,033)
U.S. GSE commercial mortgage-backed securities		4,875		(16)		—		—
U.S. GSE commercial collateralized mortgage obligations		7,138		(9)		13,938		(124)
Other asset backed securities		—		—		23,462		(788)
Corporate bonds		—		—		43,352		(2,648)
Total available for sale	$	98,144	$	(652)	$	226,186	$	(5,147)

Held to maturity:
State and municipal obligations	$	—	$	—	$	402	$	—
U.S. GSE residential mortgage-backed securities		—		—		7,580		(58)
U.S. GSE residential collateralized mortgage obligations		—		—		9,090		(264)
U.S. GSE commercial mortgage-backed securities		—		—		5,187		(15)
U.S. GSE commercial collateralized mortgage obligations		8,115		(10)		4,428		(55)
Total held to maturity	$	8,115	$	(10)	$	26,687	$	(392)


	December 31, 2018
	Less than 12 months				Greater than 12 months
	Estimated		Gross		Estimated		Gross
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
(In thousands)	Value		Losses		Value		Losses
Available for sale:
U.S. GSE securities	$	—	$	—	$	29,050	$	(947)
State and municipal obligations		6,655		(15)		21,273		(339)
U.S. GSE residential mortgage-backed securities		—		—		88,762		(3,036)
U.S. GSE residential collateralized mortgage obligations		46,452		(141)		172,468		(5,813)
U.S. GSE commercial mortgage-backed securities		—		—		3,508		(28)
U.S. GSE commercial collateralized mortgage obligations		46,705		(623)		43,933		(1,916)
Other asset-backed securities		—		—		23,219		(1,031)
Corporate bonds		—		—		42,425		(3,575)
Total available for sale	$	99,812	$	(779)	$	424,638	$	(16,685)

Held to maturity:
State and municipal obligations	$	8,286	$	(26)	$	22,142	$	(250)
U.S. GSE residential mortgage-backed securities		—		—		9,352		(336)
U.S. GSE residential collateralized mortgage obligations		—		—		40,665		(1,130)
U.S. GSE commercial mortgage-backed securities		—		—		16,205		(620)
U.S. GSE commercial collateralized mortgage obligations		—		—		28,127		(1,466)
Total held to maturity	$	8,286	$	(26)	$	116,491	$	(3,802)

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) quarterly and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant. The investment securities portfolio is evaluated for OTTI by segregating the portfolio into two general segments and applying the appropriate OTTI model. Investment securities classified as available for sale or held to maturity are generally evaluated for OTTI under FASB ASC 320, “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities”. In determining OTTI under the FASB ASC 320 model, management considers many factors, including: (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, (3) whether the market decline was affected by macroeconomic conditions, and (4) whether the Company has the intent to sell the debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the entire difference between amortized cost and fair value is recognized as impairment through earnings. For debt securities that do not meet these criteria, the amount of impairment is split into two components: (1) OTTI related to credit loss, which must be recognized in the income statement and (2) OTTI related to other factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income (“OCI”). The credit loss is defined as the difference between the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis. The assessment of whether an other-than-temporary decline exists involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to management at a point in time.

At September 30, 2019, substantially all of the securities in an unrealized loss position had a fixed interest rate and the cause of the temporary impairment was directly related to changes in interest rates. The Company generally views changes in fair value caused by changes in interest rates as temporary, which is consistent with its experience. Other asset backed securities are comprised of student loan backed bonds which are guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Education for 97% to 100% of principal. Additionally, the bonds have credit support of 3% to 5% and have maintained their Aa3 Moody's rating during the time the Bank has owned them. The corporate bonds within the portfolio have all maintained an investment grade rating by either Moody's or Standard and Poor's. None of the unrealized losses is related to credit losses. The Company does not have the intent to sell these securities and it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell the securities before their anticipated recovery. Therefore, the Company does not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at September 30, 2019.

Sales and Calls of Securities

There were no proceeds from sale of securities for the three months ended September 30, 2019. There were $46.5 million in proceeds from sales of securities with gross gain of $0.2 million realized for the nine months ended September 30, 2019. There were no proceeds from sales of securities for the three months ended September 30, 2018. There were $230.4 million of proceeds from sales of securities with gross losses of $7.9 million realized for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. There were $10.0 million and $20.3 million of proceeds from calls of securities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively. There were no proceeds from calls of securities for the three months ended September 30, 2018. There were $1.9 million of proceeds from calls of securities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.

Pledged Securities

Securities having a fair value of $292.7 million and $354.3 million at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits and Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) overnight borrowings.

Trading Securities

The Company did not hold any trading securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 or the year ended December 31, 2018.

Restricted Securities

The Bank is a member of the FHLB of New York. Members are required to own a particular amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors and may invest in additional amounts. The Bank is a member of the Atlantic Central Banker's Bank (“ACBB”) and is required to own ACBB stock. The Bank is also a member of the FRB system and required to own FRB stock. FHLB, ACBB and FRB stock is carried at cost and periodically evaluated for impairment based on ultimate recovery of par value. Both cash and stock dividends are reported as income. The Bank owned $28.5 million and $24.0 million in FHLB, ACBB and FRB stock at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. These amounts were reported as restricted securities in the consolidated balance sheets.