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Investment Securities - Investment Securities (Tables) - Investment Securities [Member]
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Schedule of Available-for-sale and Trading Securities [Line Items]  
Marketable Securities [Table Text Block]
The following tables set forth information about Farmer Mac's investment securities as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:
 
Table 2.1

 
As of March 31, 2017
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
(1,576
)
 
$
18,124

Floating rate asset-backed securities
40,825

 
(189
)
 
40,636

 
—

 
(266
)
 
40,370

Floating rate corporate debt securities
10,000

 
—

 
10,000

 
60

 
—

 
10,060

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,342,378

 
2,637

 
1,345,015

 
2,494

 
(2,819
)
 
1,344,690

Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(1)
514

 
2,469

 
2,983

 
2,394

 
—

 
5,377

Floating rate GSE subordinated debt
70,000

 
—

 
70,000

 
—

 
(2,424
)
 
67,576

Fixed rate senior agency debt
187,295

 
53

 
187,348

 
—

 
(283
)
 
187,065

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
806,493

 
233

 
806,726

 
7

 
(751
)
 
805,982

Total available-for-sale
2,477,205

 
5,203

 
2,482,408

 
4,955

 
(8,119
)
 
2,479,244

Total investment securities
$
2,477,205

 
$
5,203

 
$
2,482,408

 
$
4,955

 
$
(8,119
)
 
$
2,479,244

(1) 
Fair value includes $4.8 million of an interest-only security with a notional amount of $145.5 million.

 
As of December 31, 2016
 
Amount Outstanding
 
Unamortized Premium/(Discount)
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Unrealized
Gains
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
19,700

 
$
—

 
$
(1,970
)
 
$
17,730

Floating rate asset-backed securities
44,442

 
(202
)
 
44,240

 
1

 
(390
)
 
43,851

Floating rate corporate debt securities
10,000

 
—

 
10,000

 
41

 
—

 
10,041

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
1,359,700

 
2,827

 
1,362,527

 
1,768

 
(3,266
)
 
1,361,029

Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(1)
538

 
2,582

 
3,120

 
4,505

 
—

 
7,625

Floating rate GSE subordinated debt
70,000

 
—

 
70,000

 
—

 
(3,047
)
 
66,953

Fixed rate senior agency debt
187,295

 
106

 
187,401

 
—

 
(268
)
 
187,133

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
821,619

 
359

 
821,978

 
47

 
(536
)
 
821,489

Total available-for-sale
2,513,294

 
5,672

 
2,518,966

 
6,362

 
(9,477
)
 
2,515,851

Total investment securities
$
2,513,294

 
$
5,672

 
$
2,518,966

 
$
6,362

 
$
(9,477
)
 
$
2,515,851


(1) 
Fair value includes $7.0 million of an interest-only security with a notional amount of $146.1 million.
Available-for-sale Securities, Continuous Unrealized Loss Position, Fair Value [Table Text Block]
As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities were as follows:

Table 2.2

 
As of March 31, 2017
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
18,124

 
$
(1,576
)
Floating rate asset-backed securities
—

 
—

 
35,514

 
(266
)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
241,188

 
(608
)
 
409,002

 
(2,211
)
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt
—

 
—

 
67,576

 
(2,424
)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
776,996

 
(751
)
 
—

 
—

Fixed rate senior agency debt
187,066

 
(283
)
 
—

 
—

Total
$
1,205,250

 
$
(1,642
)
 
$
530,216

 
$
(6,477
)

 
As of December 31, 2016
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months
 
Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
Fair Value
 
Unrealized
Loss
 
(in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
17,730

 
$
(1,970
)
Floating rate asset-backed securities
4,654

 
(10
)
 
38,077

 
(380
)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities
384,586

 
(1,030
)
 
442,041

 
(2,236
)
Floating rate GSE subordinated debt
—

 
—

 
66,953

 
(3,047
)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries
732,371

 
(536
)
 
—

 
—

Fixed rate senior agency debt
187,133

 
(268
)
 
—

 
—

Total
$
1,308,744

 
$
(1,844
)
 
$
564,801

 
$
(7,633
)

The unrealized losses presented above are principally due to a general widening of market spreads and an increase in the levels of interest rates from the dates of acquisition to March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, as applicable. The resulting decrease in fair values reflects an increase in the perceived risk by the financial markets related to those securities. As of March 31, 2017, all of the investment securities in an unrealized loss position either were backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or had credit ratings of at least "AA+," except one that was rated "A-." As of December 31, 2016, all of the investment securities in an unrealized loss position either were backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or had credit ratings of at least "AA+," except one that was rated "A-." The unrealized losses were on 96 and 97 individual investment securities as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

As of March 31, 2017, 40 of the securities in loss positions had been in loss positions for more than 12 months and had a total unrealized loss of $6.5 million. As of December 31, 2016, 36 of the securities in loss positions had been in loss positions for more than 12 months and had a total unrealized loss of $7.6 million.  Securities in unrealized loss positions for 12 months or longer have a fair value as of March 31, 2017 that is, on average, approximately 99 percent of their amortized cost basis. Farmer Mac believes that all of these unrealized losses are recoverable within a reasonable period of time by way of maturity or changes in credit spreads. Accordingly, Farmer Mac has concluded that none of the unrealized losses on these available-for-sale investment securities are other-than-temporary impairment as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date [Table Text Block]

The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted-average yield of available-for-sale investment securities by remaining contractual maturity as of March 31, 2017 are set forth below. Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are included based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 2.3

 
As of March 31, 2017
 
Available-for-Sale Securities
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Weighted-
Average
Yield
 
(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year
$
988,363

 
$
987,343

 
0.77%
Due after one year through five years
227,113

 
227,471

 
1.42%
Due after five years through ten years
437,367

 
438,280

 
1.54%
Due after ten years
829,565

 
826,150

 
1.42%
Total
$
2,482,408

 
$
2,479,244

 
1.18%