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Loans
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Loans  
Loans
Note D – Loans

The following tables present the allowance for loan losses and the carrying amount of loans based on management's overall assessment of probable incurred losses (in $1,000s), and should not be interpreted as an indication of future charge-offs:

   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Secured by Real Estate
                
   
 
 
 
Commercial
  
Residential
(including
multi-
family)
  
Construction,
Land
Development
and Other
Land
  
Commercial
and Other
Business-
Purpose
Loans
  
 
 
 
Consumer
  
 
 
 
Other
  
 
 
 
Unallocated
  
 
 
 
Total
 
                          
Allowance for loan
losses:
                        
 Individually
                        
evaluated for
                        
impairment
 $10,986  $4,201  $3,784  $3,361  $20        $22,352 
 Collectively
                              
evaluated for
                              
probable incurred
                              
losses
  22,497   13,997   6,472   9,341   536  $18  $11,586   64,447 
                                  
Total allowance
                                
   for loan losses
 $33,483  $18,198  $10,256  $12,702  $556  $18  $11,586  $86,799 
                                  
Portfolio loans:
                                
 Individually
                                
evaluated for
                                
impairment
 $159,343  $55,685  $33,840  $22,529  $109          $271,506 
 Collectively
                                
evaluated for
                                
probable incurred
                                
losses
  776,589   284,971   68,984   154,296   12,870  $2,903       1,300,613 
                                  
Total portfolio
   loans
 $935,932  $340,656  $102,824  $176,825  $12,979  $2,903      $1,572,119 


   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Secured by Real Estate
                
   
 
 
 
Commercial
  
Residential
(including
multi-
family)
  
Construction,
Land
Development
and Other
Land
  
Commercial
and Other
Business-
Purpose
Loans
  
 
 
 
Consumer
  
 
 
 
Other
  
 
 
 
Unallocated
  
 
 
 
Total
 
                          
Allowance for loan
losses:
                        
 Individually
                        
evaluated for
                        
impairment
 $11,141  $4,305  $3,434  $3,740  $29        $22,649 
 Collectively
                              
evaluated for
                              
probable incurred
                              
losses
  28,204   16,836   8,453   11,199   721  $20  $4,447   69,880 
                                  
Total allowance
                                
   for loan losses
 $39,345  $21,141  $11,887  $14,939  $750  $20  $4,447  $92,529 
                                  
Portfolio loans:
                                
 Individually
                                
evaluated for
                                
impairment
 $173,165  $59,371  $40,013  $23,796  $63          $296,408 
 Collectively
                                
evaluated for
                                
probable incurred
                                
losses
  799,880   304,431   77,723   169,055   13,750  $2,962       1,367,801 
                                  
Total portfolio
   loans
 $973,045  $363,802  $117,736  $192,851  $13,813  $2,962      $1,664,209 

The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level believed adequate by management to absorb potential losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance-sheet date.  Management's determination of the adequacy of the allowance is an estimate based on evaluation of the portfolio (including potential impairment of individual loans and concentrations of credit), past loss experience, current economic conditions, volume, amount and composition of the loan portfolio and other factors.  The allowance is increased by provisions for loan losses charged to operations and reduced by net charge-offs.

The tables below summarize activity in the allowance for loan losses for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 (in $1,000s) by loan type:
 
   
Three Months Ended March 31, 2012
 
   
Secured by Real Estate
                
   
 
 
 
Commercial
  
Residential
(including
multi-
family)
  
Construction,
Land
Development
and Other
Land
  
Commercial
and Other
Business-
Purpose
Loans
  
 
 
 
Consumer
  
 
 
 
Other
  
 
 
 
Unallocated
  
 
 
 
Total
 
                          
Beginning balance
 $39,345  $21,141  $11,887  $14,939  $750  $20  $4,447  $92,529 
                                  
Charge-offs
  (5,992)  (4,708)  (2,227)  (1,801)  (295)          (15,023)
Recoveries
  2,515   3,207   773   1,402   63   7       7,967 
Net charge-offs
  (3,477)  (1,501)  (1,454)  (399)  (232)  7       (7,056)
                                  
Provision for loan
                                
losses
  1,869   105   289   (1,038)  97   4       1,326 
                                  
Additional
                                
unallocated
                                
allowance
  (4,254)  (1,547)  (466)  (800)  (59)  (13)  7,139     
                                  
Ending balance
 $33,483  $18,198  $10,256  $12,702  $556  $18  $11,586  $86,799 
 
 
  Three Months Ended March 31, 2011  
   
Secured by Real Estate
             
   
 
 
 
Commercial
  
Residential
(including
multi-
family)
  
Construction,
Land
Development
and Other
Land
  
Commercial
and Other
Business-
Purpose
Loans
  
 
 
 
Consumer
  
 
 
 
Other
  
 
 
 
Total
 
                       
Beginning balance
 $50,017  $35,722  $18,867  $24,660  $709  $87  $130,062 
                              
Acquired loan loss
                            
reserve
  1,043   117   651   500   68   1   2,380 
                              
Charge-offs
  (8,599)  (7,265)  (8,225)  (5,303)  (223)      (29,615)
Recoveries
  995   981   3,008   776   38   1   5,799 
Net charge-offs
  (7,604)  (6,284)  (5,217)  (4,527)  (185)  1   (23,816)
                              
Provision for loan
                            
losses
  7,488   (2,487)  3,843   4,337   291   (43)  13,429 
                              
Ending balance
 $50,944  $27,068  $18,144  $24,970  $883  $46  $122,055 
 
 
The average total portfolio loans for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 were $1.6 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively.  The ratio of net charge-offs (annualized) to average portfolio loans outstanding was 1.74% and 4.62% as of March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
 
Nonperforming loans (i.e., loans which are 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest and loans on nonaccrual status) and other nonperforming assets are summarized below (in $1,000s):

   
March 31,
2012
  
December 31,
2011
 
Nonaccrual loans:
      
Loans secured by real estate:
      
Commercial
 $115,735  $122,481 
Residential (including multi-family)
  41,081   47,728 
Construction, land development and other land
  24,026   31,297 
Total loans secured by real estate
  180,842   201,506 
Commercial and other business-purpose loans
  15,064   18,002 
Consumer
  182   124 
Total nonaccrual loans
  196,088   219,632 
          
Past due (>90 days) loans and accruing interest:
        
Loans secured by real estate:
        
Commercial
  696   3,778 
Residential (including multi-family)
  1,089   259 
Construction, land development and other land
  312   -- 
Total loans secured by real estate
  2,097   4,037 
Commercial and other business-purpose loans
  233   148 
Consumer
  17   38 
Total past due loans
  2,347   4,223 
          
Total nonperforming loans
 $198,435  $223,855 
          
Real estate owned and other
repossessed assets
   106,031    100,727 
          
Total nonperforming assets
 $304,466  $324,582 

Impaired loans which do not have an allowance requirement include collateral-dependent loans for which direct write-downs have been made to the carrying amount of such loans and, accordingly, no additional allowance requirement or allocation is currently necessary.
 
Impaired loans are summarized in the following table (in $1,000s), based on loans which either have an allowance for loan losses recorded or no such allowance as of March 31, 2012:

   
 
Carrying
Value
  
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  
Related
Allowance
for Loan
Losses
 
           
With an allowance recorded:
         
Loans secured by real estate:
         
Commercial
 $87,527  $92,939  $11,434 
Residential (including multi-family)
  38,257   41,625   5,281 
Construction, land development and other land
  17,737   20,878   4,012 
Total loans secured by real estate
  143,521   155,442   20,727 
Commercial and other business-purpose loans
  15,767   17,389   3,583 
Consumer
  286   1,370   111 
    159,574   174,201   24,421 
With no related allowance recorded:
            
Loans secured by real estate:
            
Commercial
  89,720   134,503     
Residential (including multi-family)
  25,509   46,918     
Construction, land development and other land
  19,603   36,765     
Total loans secured by real estate
  134,832   218,186     
Commercial and other business-purpose loans
  9,683   21,978     
Consumer
  14   672     
    144,529   240,836     
              
Total
 $304,103  $415,037  $24,421 

Included in total impaired loans as of March 31, 2012 is $220.1 million of loans modified as troubled debt restructurings (see further discussion under the Troubled Debt Restructurings section of this Note).

Interest income is recorded on impaired loans if not on nonaccrual status, or may be recorded on a cash basis in some circumstances, if such payments are not credited to principal.  For the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, the average recorded investment in impaired loans and interest income recorded on impaired loans were as follows (in $1,000s):

   
Three Months Ended
 
   
March 31, 2012
  
March 31, 2011
 
   
Average
  
Interest
  
Average
  
Interest
 
   
Recorded
  
Income
  
Recorded
  
Income
 
   
Investment
  
Recorded
  
Investment
  
Recorded
 
              
Commercial
 $178,560  $1,732  $184,722  $544 
Residential (including multi-family)
  66,555   679   65,364   150 
Construction, land development and other land
  40,192   392   53,539   36 
Total loans secured by real estate
  285,307   2,803   303,625   730 
Commercial and other business-purpose loans
  26,699   318   34,486   100 
Consumer
  239   4   395     
                  
Total
 $312,245  $3,125  $338,506  $830 

Impaired loans are summarized in the following table (in $1,000s), based on loans which either have an allowance for loan losses recorded or no such allowance as of December 31, 2011:

   
 
Carrying
Value
  
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  
Related
Allowance
for Loan
Losses
 
           
With an allowance recorded:
         
Loans secured by real estate:
         
Commercial
 $72,164  $83,433  $11,533 
Residential (including multi-family)
  33,649   38,238   5,744 
Construction, land development and other land
  16,980   22,940   3,764 
Total loans secured by real estate
  122,793   144,611   21,041 
Commercial and other business-purpose loans
  16,120   17,506   4,728 
Consumer
  166   173   95 
    139,079   162,290   25,864 
With no related allowance recorded:
            
Loans secured by real estate:
            
Commercial
  107,709   148,926     
Residential (including multi-family)
  35,695   48,220     
Construction, land development and other land
  26,064   42,309     
Total loans secured by real estate
  169,468   239,455     
Commercial and other business-purpose loans
  11,828   17,146     
Consumer
  12   48     
    181,308   256,649     
              
Total
 $320,387  $418,939  $25,864 

Included in impaired loans as of December 31, 2011 is $217.5 million of loans modified as troubled debt restructurings (see further discussion under the Troubled Debt Restructurings section of this Note).

The following tables summarize the aging and amounts of past due loans (in $1,000s):

   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Past Due Loans
  
Total
       
   
(based on payment due dates)
  
Amount of
       
         
Loans on
  
Loans More
  
Loans Either
    
   
More Than
     
Nonaccrual
  
Than 29 Days
  
Current or
    
   
29 Days,
  
More Than
  
Status
  
Past Due or on
  
Less Than
  
Total
 
   
and Less Than
  
89 Days
  
(Generally, 90
  
Nonaccrual
  
30 Days
  
Portfolio
 
   
90 Days
  
(Accruing)
  
Days or More)
  
Status
  
Past Due
  
Loans
 
                    
Loans secured by real estate:
                  
Commercial
 $21,698  $696  $115,735  $138,129  $797,803  $935,932 
Residential (including multi-
                        
family)
  5,917   1,089   41,081   48,087   292,569   340,656 
Construction, land development
                        
and other land
  2,593   312   24,026   26,931   75,893   102,824 
  Total loans secured by real
 estate
   30,208    2,097    180,842    213,147    1,166,265    1,379,412 
Commercial and other business-
                        
purpose loans
  3,414   233   15,064   18,711   158,114   176,825 
Consumer
  97   17   182   296   12,683   12,979 
Other
  3           3   2,900   2,903 
                          
  Total
 $33,722  $2,347  $196,088  $232,157  $1,339,962  $1,572,119 

 
   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Past Due Loans
  
Total
       
   
(based on payment due dates)
  
Amount of
       
         
Loans on
  
Loans More
  
Loans Either
    
   
More Than
     
Nonaccrual
  
Than 29 Days
  
Current or
    
   
29 Days,
  
More Than
  
Status
  
Past Due or on
  
Less Than
  
Total
 
   
and Less Than
  
89 Days
  
(Generally, 90
  
Nonaccrual
  
30 Days
  
Portfolio
 
   
90 Days
  
(Accruing)
  
Days or More)
  
Status
  
Past Due
  
Loans
 
                    
Loans secured by real estate:
                  
Commercial
 $18,127  $3,778  $122,481  $144,386  $828,659  $973,045 
Residential (including multi-
                        
family)
  5,376   259   47,728   53,363   310,439   363,802 
Construction, land development
                        
and other land
  4,634       31,297   35,931   81,805   117,736 
  Total loans secured by real
  estate
   28,137    4,037    201,506    233,680    1,220,903    1,454,583 
Commercial and other business-
                        
purpose loans
  3,958   148   18,002   22,108   170,743   192,851 
Consumer
  479   38   124   641   13,172   13,813 
Other
                  2,962   2,962 
                          
  Total
 $32,574  $4,223  $219,632  $256,429  $1,407,780  $1,664,209 

Capitol categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt obligations based on:  current financial information, aging analysis, historical payment experience, credit documentation and public information, among other factors.  Capitol analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk.  This analysis generally includes all loans and is generally performed at least quarterly.  The following loan risk rating definitions are used:

Pass.  Loans classified with a pass rating have been deemed to have acceptable credit quality by bank management.

Watch.  Loans classified as watch have a potential weakness that deserves management's close attention.  If not improved, those potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan in the future.

Substandard.  Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the borrower's current net worth, paying capacity of the borrower or the fair value of collateral.  Loans so classified have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt obligation by the borrower.  These are characterized by the reasonable possibility that some loss will be sustained if the deficiencies are not favorably resolved.
 
Based on management's most recent analysis, the risk categories of loans are summarized as follows (in $1,000s):

   
March 31, 2012
 
   
Pass
     
Total
Portfolio
Loans
 
   
Watch
  
Substandard
 
              
Loans secured by real estate:
            
Commercial
 $639,516  $92,853  $203,563  $935,932 
Residential (including multi-family)
  237,746   28,513   74,397   340,656 
Construction, land development and
                
other land
  52,475   14,036   36,313   102,824 
  Total loans secured by real estate
  929,737   135,402   314,273   1,379,412 
Commercial and other business-purpose
                
loans
  133,331   13,795   29,699   176,825 
Consumer
  11,868   666   445   12,979 
Other
  2,618   285       2,903 
                  
  Total
 $1,077,554  $150,148  $344,417  $1,572,119 


   
December 31, 2011
 
   
Pass
     
Total
Portfolio
Loans
 
   
Watch
  
Substandard
 
              
Loans secured by real estate:
            
Commercial
 $662,963  $94,151  $215,931  $973,045 
Residential (including multi-family)
  250,750   32,631   80,421   363,802 
Construction, land development and
                
other land
  59,249   12,592   45,895   117,736 
  Total loans secured by real estate
  972,962   139,374   342,247   1,454,583 
Commercial and other business-purpose
                
loans
  145,498   14,641   32,712   192,851 
Consumer
  12,715   578   520   13,813 
Other
  2,668   294       2,962 
                  
  Total
 $1,133,843  $154,887  $375,479  $1,664,209 
 
Troubled Debt Restructurings

Loan modifications or restructurings are accounted for as troubled debt restructurings if, for economic or legal reasons, it has been determined a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and the bank grants a "concession" to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider.  For all classes of loans, a troubled debt restructuring may involve a modification of terms such as a reduction of the stated interest rate or loan balance, a reduction of the accrued interest, an extension of the maturity date at an interest rate lower than a current market rate for a new loan with similar risk, or some combination thereof involving a concession to the borrower to facilitate repayment.

The Corporation has designated a troubled debt restructuring as a loan that has been modified because the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the loan meets one or more of the following criteria:

1.  
An extension or renewal of a substandard rated loan with no change in rate or terms, and the terms provided are not representative of current market rates for credits with similar risk characteristics;
2.  
A loan modification where the repayment terms are modified for a specific period of time in order to allow the borrower to liquidate or dispose of the related collateral to provide the ability to pay the loan off in full;
3.  
Modification of the interest rate for a defined period of time in order to allow the borrower to repay the debt, based on current cash flow sources;
4.  
A loan modified to an "interest only" structure for a period of time that will result in the loan being paid off, returned to the contracted terms or refinanced; or
5.  
A modification of a loan into an A/B note structure, where the A note is at market rate terms and conditions, and the B note has been charged off.

Loans modified and classified as troubled debt restructurings are impaired loans.  Each loan that is designated as a troubled debt restructuring is individually evaluated for impairment to determine the specific reserve to be established.  The specific reserve is determined using the discounted cash flow method, the collateral dependency method or, when available, the observable market price method, and is calculated as the difference between the carrying value of the loan and the result of the impairment measurement method.

The loan portfolios contain primarily three categories of troubled debt restructurings, (1) loans for which the rate or terms have been modified (2) loans for which the rate or terms have not been modified but the loan was extended or renewed, and (3) loans that have been modified with interest only terms.  The following are the factors that enter into the determination of the specific reserve for each of these categories:

Loans for which the rate or terms have been modified:  The specific reserve for loans in this category, for which the repayment ability is based on the cash flows of the borrower, is determined using a discounted cash flow analysis.  The discount period used is based on when the bank believes, based on cash flows from the borrower or project, that the credit will be paid in full.  The period used is generally based on a defined cash flow event that is projected to occur in the future.  For an event which will result in a paydown allowing for a refinance, the discount period would be the number of months until the refinance.  If an event for paydown or refinance cannot be documented, a discount period that will result in the cash flows from the borrower reducing the loan balance down to the collateral value is used.  The specific reserve for loans in this category that have been deemed collateral dependent is determined using the collateral dependency method.

Loans for which there has been no rate or term modification:  If there has been no change in the rate and term, a discounted cash flow analysis using the same terms would not, in most cases, yield a specific reserve allocation commensurate with loans in the general allowance account that have similar risk characteristics with respect to payment default but that have not been modified and are a troubled debt restructuring.  In the determination of the specific reserve for this category of loans, the appropriate general pool loss reserve factor is used as a baseline with adjustments made based on known circumstances that may affect the collectability of the loan.  Any increase or decrease to the baseline general allowance reserve factor is determined based on the loss experience for loans with similar risk characteristics and probabilities of default.

Loans that have interest only terms:  Unless there is a specific event that can be documented which will result in the loan being paid, returned to the original contract terms or refinanced, these loans are treated as collateral-dependent and the specific reserve is based on the net value of the collateral held.

The following table summarizes loans modified as troubled debt restructurings during the three months ended March 31, 2012 (in $1,000s):

   
 
Number of
Contracts
  
Pre-restructuring
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
  
Post-restructuring
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
  
 
Loan Loss
Reserve
 
Troubled debt restructurings:
            
Loans secured by real estate:
            
Commercial
  52  $16,174  $16,215  $1,158 
Residential
  41   4,160   4,384   306 
Construction, land development
                
and other
  22   3,604   2,784   272 
Total loans secured by
                
real estate
  115   23,938   23,383   1,736 
Commercial and other business-
                
purpose loans
  18   895   1,262   123 
Consumer
  2   2   39   3 
                  
Total
  135  $24,835  $24,684  $1,862 

Of the amounts in the table above, approximately $8.8 million, or 36%, and 53 contracts, or 39%, are substandard rated loans that were extended or renewed with no change in rate or terms, and the terms provided were not representative of current market rates for loans with similar risk characteristics.  The remainder of the troubled debt restructuring pool constitutes loans where repayment terms and/or interest rates were modified, or the loan was modified to an "interest only" structure.

The following table summarizes loans modified as troubled debt restructurings in the last twelve months for which there was a payment default (i.e., when a loan becomes 90 days or more past due) during the three months ended March 31, 2012 (in $1,000s):

   
Number of
Contracts
  
Recorded
Investment
 
Troubled debt restructurings that
      
subsequently defaulted:
      
Loans secured by real estate:
      
Commercial
  11  $1,799 
Residential
  6   348 
Construction, land development
        
and other
  1   62 
Total loans secured by
        
real estate
  18   2,209 
Commercial and other business-
        
purpose loans
  2   105 
          
Total
  20  $2,314 

The total amount of troubled debt restructurings as of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 is detailed in the following tables by loan type and accrual status (in $1,000s):

   
Troubled Debt Restructurings
at March 31, 2012
 
   
On
Non-Accrual
Status
  
On Accrual
Status
  
 
Total
 
           
Loans secured by real estate:
         
Commercial
 $66,867  $61,512  $128,379 
Residential (including multi-family)
  25,483   22,685   48,168 
Construction, land development and
            
other land
  12,452   13,315   25,767 
  Total loans secured by real estate
  104,802   97,512   202,314 
Commercial and other business-purpose
            
loans
  7,263   10,386   17,649 
Consumer
  1   118   119 
              
  Total
 $112,066  $108,016  $220,082 


   
Troubled Debt Restructurings
at December 31, 2011
 
   
On
Non-Accrual
Status
  
On Accrual
Status
  
 
Total
 
           
Loans secured by real estate:
         
Commercial
 $65,814  $57,392  $123,206 
Residential (including multi-family)
  27,105   21,616   48,721 
Construction, land development and
            
other land
  15,475   11,748   27,223 
  Total loans secured by real estate
  108,394   90,756   199,150 
Commercial and other business-purpose
            
loans
  8,336   9,945   18,281 
Consumer
      54   54 
              
  Total
 $116,730  $100,755  $217,485