10-Q

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________

Commission File Number: 001-35561

IDEANOMICS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada	20-1778374
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1441 Broadway, Suite 5116

New York, NY 10018

(Address of principal executive offices)

212-206-1216

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class:	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered:
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share	IDEX	The Nasdaq Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒     No ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒      No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “larger accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐      No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 11,993,068 shares as of August 23, 2023.

a.Table of Contents

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

OF IDEANOMICS, INC.

FOR THE PERIOD ENDED June 30, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	42
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	55
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	55
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	57
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	57
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	57
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	57
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	57
Item 5.	Other Information	57
Item 6.	Exhibits	58
Signatures		60

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Use of Terms

Except as otherwise indicated by the context, references in this report to “we,” “us,” “our,” “our Company,” “the Company,” “IDEX,” or “Ideanomics,” are to the business of Ideanomics, Inc., a Nevada corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The following is a glossary of certain terms used in this report:

2010 Plan	refers to the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan.
Acuitas	refers to Acuitas Capital, LLC.
AI	refers to artificial intelligence.
ASC 205	refers to Accounting Standards Codification Topic 205, Presentation of Financial Statements.
ASC 606	refers to Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue From Contracts With Customers.
ASC 718	refers to Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, Stock Compensation.
ASC 820	refers to Accounting Standards Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement.
ASEAN	refers to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
ASU 2016-13	refers to Accounting Standards Update 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326).
ASU 2021-08	refers to Accounting Standards Update 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805).
BEV	refers to battery electric vehicles.
Board	refers to the Company's Board of Directors.
CaaS	refers to Charging as a Service.
Cantor	refers to Cantor Fitzgerald, LLC
CapEx	refers to funds used by a company to acquire, upgrade, and maintain physical assets.
China	refers to the People’s Republic of China.
Chinese	refers to the People’s Republic of China.
COVID-19	refers to Coronavirus 2019.
DBOT	refers to the Delaware Board of Trade Holdings, Inc. which is holding company for the Company’s FINRA Registered Broker Dealer. The Company owns 99% of the share capital Delaware Board of Trade Holdings, Inc. On September 20, 2021 the name was changed to Justly Holdings Inc. (JUSTLY).
Dr. Wu	refers to Dr. Bruno Wu, the former Chairman of the Company as of December 31, 2020.
Energica	refers to Energica Motor Company, S.p.A., manufacturer of high-performance electric motorcycles.
EV	refers to electric vehicles, particularly battery operated electric vehicles.
Exchange Act	refers to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
FASB	refers to the Financial Accounting Standards Board.
FCEV	refers to fuel cell electric vehicles.
Fiducia	refers to Fiducia Real Estate Solutions, Inc.
FINRA	refers to the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.
Fintech	refers to financial technology.
FNL	refers to FNL Technologies, Inc., the owner and operator of the social media platform Hoo.be.
Glory	refers to Glory Connection Sdn. Bhd.
Grapevine	refers to Grapevine Logic, Inc. a previously wholly-owned subsidiary of Ideanomics focused on influencer marketing.
Hong Kong	refers to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China.
Ideanomics China	refers to Mobile Energy Global (MEG) the subsidiary that holds all of the Company’s EV.
JUSTLY	refers to the company formerly known as DBOT - Delaware Board of Trade Holdings, Inc. which is holding company for the Company’s FINRA Registered Broker Dealer. The Company owns 99% of the share capital Delaware Board of Trade Holdings, Inc. On September 20, 2021 the name was changed to Justly Holdings Inc. (JUSTLY).

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MaaS	refers to Mobility as a Service.
MDI Fund	refers to the Minority Depository Institution Keepers Fund.
New Energy	refers to Qingdao Medici New Energy Vehicle Co., Ltd. , formerly known as Qingdao Chengyang Mobo New Energy Vehicle Sales Service Company Limited.
OpEx	refers to the day-to-day operating expenses of a business.
Qianxi	refers to Guizhou Qianxi Green Environmentally Friendly Taxi Service Co.
PRC	refers to the People’s Republic of China.
RMB	refers to the legal currency of the PRC.
RSU	refers to restricted stock unit
SAFE	refers to Simple Agreement for Future Equity.
SDPA	refer to Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement.
SEC	refers to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
SEPA	refers to Standby Equity Purchase Agreement.
Shandong	refers to Ideanomics Shengtong New Energy Co., Ltd.
Silk	refers to Silk EV Cayman LP, is an Italian engineering and design services company.
SBA PPP	refers to Small Business Association Paycheck Protection Program.
Solectrac	refers to Solectrac, Inc.
SPA	refers to Securities Purchase Agreement.
SSE	refers to Seven Stars Energy PTD LTD.
SSSIG	refers to Sun Seven Stars Investment Group Limited, a British Virgin Islands corporation, an affiliate of Dr. Wu, the former Chairman of the Company.
Tillou	refers to Tilllou Management and Consulting LLC, an entity controlled by Vince McMahon, the father of Shane McMahon, Executive Chairman of the Company.
Timios	refers to Timios Holdings Corp. and its affiliates.
TM2	refers to Technology Metals Market Limited, a London based digital commodities issuance and trading platform for technology metals.
Tree Technologies	refers to Tree Technologies Sdn. Bhd., headquartered in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and through its Treeletrik brand sells EV bikes, scooters, and batteries throughout the ASEAN region.
U.S. GAAP	refers to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
US Hybrid	refers to US Hybrid Corporation.
VaaS	refers to Vehicle as a Service.
VIA	refers to VIA Motors International, Inc. a business that produces commercial battery electric skateboard architecture.
VIEs	refers to variable interest entities.
WAVE	refers to Wireless Advanced Vehicle Electrification, Inc.
YA II PN	refers to YA II PN, Ltd.

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

IDEANOMICS, INC.

INDEX

	Page
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	6
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	8
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss	9
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity	10
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	12
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	14

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IDEANOMICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

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(in thousands, except share and per share data)	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,895	$	3,759
Accounts receivable, net	6,556		5,783
Contract assets	373		3,579
Amount due from related parties	108		386
Notes receivable from third parties, net	42		31,653
Inventory, net	22,925		27,600
Prepaid expenses	9,535		10,382
Other current assets	3,237		5,592
Current assets of discontinued operations	15,089		25,304
Total current assets	60,760		114,038
Property and equipment, net	11,029		8,650
Intangible assets, net	150,652		43,624
Goodwill	51,237		37,775
Operating lease right of use assets	14,702		14,385
Long-term investments	—		7,500
Other non-current assets	3,147		2,825
Non-current assets of discontinued operations	1,110		14,004
Total assets	$	292,637	$	242,801
LIABILITIES, CONVERTIBLE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK, AND EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	57,737	$	28,022
Accrued salaries	9,663		7,328
Accrued expenses	3,381		2,842
Deferred revenue	2,759		2,110
Amount due to related parties	2,279		2,152
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	3,383		3,189
Promissory note due to related party	2,123		2,021
Promissory note due to third parties	7,003		5,814
Convertible note due to third party	6,212		3,928
Current contingent consideration	827		867
Other current liabilities	13,266		9,824
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	10,886		8,764
Total current liabilities	119,519		76,861
Promissory note due to third parties	1,819		1,957
Operating lease liabilities - long term	14,093		11,347
Non-current contingent liabilities	60,721		—
Deferred tax liabilities	3,677		2,511
Other long-term liabilities	1,457		1,634
Non-current liabilities of discontinued operations	828		1,928
Total liabilities	202,114		96,238
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
Convertible redeemable preferred stock
Series A - 7,000,000 shares issued and outstanding, liquidation and deemed liquidation preference of $3,500,000 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	1,262		1,262
Series B - 50,000,000.00 shares authorized, 20,000,000 and 10,000,000 shares issued and 6,000,000 and 10,000,000 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	5,310		8,850
Series C - 2,000,000 shares authorized, 1,159,276 and 0 shares issued and 1,159,276 and 0 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	4,825		—
Equity
Common stock - $0.001 par value; 12,000,000 shares authorized, 11,264,709 and 4,786,290 shares issued and 10,976,787 and 4,786,289.768 shares outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	1,408		597
Additional paid-in capital	1,068,697		1,004,082
Accumulated deficit	(986,596)		(866,450)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,185)		(6,104)
Total Ideanomics, Inc. stockholders' equity	78,324		132,125
Non-controlling interest	802		4,326
Total equity	79,126		136,451
Total liabilities, convertible redeemable preferred stock, and equity	$	292,637	$	242,801

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

IDEANOMICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenue from sales of products (including from a related party of $0, $0 and $4, $0, for the three and six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively)	$	7,828	$	8,888	$	12,964	$	10,529
Revenue from sales of services	349		418		429		953
Other revenue	6		79		444		133
Total revenue	8,183		9,385		13,837		11,615
Cost of revenue from sales of products (including from a related party of $0, $0 and $37, $0 for the three and six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively)	6,298		9,438		11,979		12,005
Cost of revenue from sales of services	577		356		465		832
Cost of other revenue	619		81		823		131
Total cost of revenue	7,494		9,875		13,267		12,968
Gross (loss) profit	689		(490)		570		(1,353)
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses	23,626		33,783		65,736		64,817
Research and development expense	3,408		680		8,033		1,694
Asset impairments	3,197		320		37,984		402
Depreciation and amortization	5,651		1,773		9,889		2,548
Other general expenses	—		—		(12,596)		(131)
Total operating expenses	35,882		36,556		109,046		69,330
Loss from operations	(35,193)		(37,046)		(108,476)		(70,683)
Interest and other income (expense):
Interest income	151		827		479		1,583
Interest expense	(942)		(488)		(2,265)		(1,067)
Gain on remeasurement of investment	—		—		—		10,965
Loss on disposal of investment	—		(41)		—		(188)
Other income, net	1,184		431		2,067		585
Loss before income taxes	(34,800)		(36,317)		(108,195)		(58,805)
Income tax benefit	467		124		3,382		339
Impairment of and equity in loss of equity method investees	—		(589)		—		(1,928)
Net loss from continuing operations	(34,333)		(36,782)		(104,813)		(60,394)
Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(2,756)		(2,491)		(18,168)		(7,970)
Net loss	(37,089)		(39,273)		(122,981)		(68,364)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	1,592		1,506		3,167		2,086
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	$	(35,497)	$	(37,767)	$	(119,814)	$	(66,278)
Basic and diluted loss per share from continuing operations	$	(3.19)	$	(8.86)	$	(12.59)	$	(14.65)
Basic and diluted loss per share from discontinued operations	$	(0.27)	$	(0.63)	$	(2.25)	$	(2.00)
Basic and diluted loss per share	$	(3.46)	$	(9.49)	$	(14.84)	$	(16.65)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted	10,271,290		3,982,340		8,071,870		3,980,619

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDEANOMICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Unaudited)

(in thousands)	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net loss	$	(37,089)	$	(39,273)	$	(122,981)	$	(68,364)
Other comprehensive income, net of nil tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(536)		(9,012)		825		(7,803)
Comprehensive loss	(37,625)		(48,285)		(122,156)		(76,167)
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest	1,991		3,385		3,261		3,681
Comprehensive loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	$	(35,634)	$	(44,900)	$	(118,895)	$	(72,486)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDEANOMICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

	Six months ended June 30, 2022
	Common Stock	Par Value		Additional Paid-in  Capital		Retained Earnings/ Accumulated (Deficit)		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Ideanomics Shareholders’ equity		Non- controlling Interest		Total Equity
Balance, January 1, 2022	3,978,180	$	497	$	968,066	$	(605,758)	$	222	$	363,027	$	2,341	$	365,368
Share-based compensation	—	—		2,355		—		—		2,355		—		2,355
Common stock issuance for professional fee	2,800	1		434		—		—		435		—		435
Tax withholding paid for net share settlement of equity awards	—	—		(83)		—		—		(83)		—		(83)
Common stock issued under employee stock incentive plan	1,000	—		66		—		—		66		—		66
Deconsolidation of subsidiary	—	—		—		—		—		—		(236)		(236)
Acquisition of Energica	—	—		—		—		—		—		24,778		24,778
Net loss	—	—		—		(28,512)		—		(28,512)		(580)		(29,092)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of nil tax	—	—		—		—		925		925		284		1,209
Balance, March, 31, 2022	3,981,980	498		970,838		(634,270)		1,147		338,213		26,587		364,800
Share-based compensation	—	—		2,863		—		—		2,863		—		2,863
Acquisition of Celer	—	—		—		—		—		—		49		49
Net loss	—	—		—		(37,767)		—		(37,767)		(1,506)		(39,273)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of nil tax	—	—		—		—		(6,838)		(6,838)		(2,174)		(9,012)
Balance, June, 30, 2022	3,981,980	$	498	$	973,701	$	(672,037)	$	(5,691)	$	296,471	$	22,956	$	319,427

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDEANOMICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

	Six months ended June 30, 2023
	Common Stock	Par Value		Additional Paid-in  Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Ideanomics Shareholders’ equity		Non- controlling Interest		Total Equity
Balance, January 1, 2023	4,781,930	$	597	$	1,004,082	$	(866,450)	$	(6,104)	$	132,125	$	4,326	$	136,451
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle	—	—		—		(332)		—		(332)		—		(332)
Share-based compensation	—	—		2,470		—		—		2,470		—		2,470
Dividend accrued for Preferred Stock Series B	—	—		(214)		—		—		(214)		—		(214)
Preferred stock series B warrants	—	—		(17,402)		—		—		(17,402)		—		(17,402)
Common stock issuance for acquisition	1,011,372	126		26,182		—		—		26,308		—		26,308
Common stock issuance for professional fee	234,239	29		3,348		—		—		3,377		—		3,377
Tax withholding paid for net share settlement of equity awards	21,359	3		(357)		—		—		(354)		—		(354)
Common stock issuance for preferred stock Series B conversion	392,157	49		8,801		—		—		8,850		—		8,850
Share issuance pertinent to SEPA	885,733	111		15,046		—		—		15,157		—		15,157
RSUs issued to employees	4,800	1		(1)		—		—		—		—		—
Net loss	—	—		—		(84,317)		—		(84,317)		(1,575)		(85,892)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of nil tax	—	—		—		—		1,056		1,056		305		1,361
Balance, March 31, 2023	7,331,590	$	916	$	1,041,955	$	(951,099)	$	(5,048)	$	86,724	$	3,056	$	89,780
Share-based compensation	—	—		1,816		—		—		1,816		—		1,816
Dividend accrued for preferred stock	—	—		(130)		—		—		(130)		—		(130)
Common stock issuance for series B preferred stock conversion	280,422	35		3,505		—		—		3,540		—		3,540
Common stock issuance for warrants exercise	3,191,555	399		17,117		—		—		17,516		—		17,516
Warrants expiration	—	—		1,037		—		—		1,037		—		1,037
Common stock issuance for professional fee	173,542	22		1,036		—		—		1,058		—		1,058
Share issuance pertain to SEPA	167,600	21		876		—		—		897		—		897
RSU issued to employees	120,000	15		1,485		—		—		1,500		—		1,500
Non-controlling shareholders withdraw	—	—		—		—		—		—		(263)		(263)
Net loss	—	—		—		(35,497)		—		(35,497)		(1,592)		(37,089)
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of nil tax	—	—		—		—		(137)		(137)		(399)		(536)
Balance, June 30, 2023	11,264,709	$	1,408	$	1,068,697	$	(986,596)	$	(5,185)	$	78,324	$	802	$	79,126

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDEANOMICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

(in thousands)	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(122,981)	$	(68,364)
Net loss from discontinued operations	(18,168)		(7,970)
Net loss from continuing operations	(104,813)		(60,394)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
Share-based compensation expense	5,786		5,218
Depreciation and amortization	10,480		2,548
Noncash lease expense	1,542		1,853
Non-cash interest income	(15)		(1,394)
Allowance for doubtful accounts	—		559
Income tax benefit	(3,382)		(338)
Issuance of common stock for professional fees	4,356		951
Other (income) expense	150		(99)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration	(12,946)		(131)
Impairment losses	37,984		402
Foreign currency exchange losses	223		—
Impairment of and equity in losses of equity method investees	—		1,928
Loss on disposal of subsidiary	—		180
Gain on remeasurement of investment	—		(10,965)
Change in assets and liabilities (net of amounts acquired):
Accounts receivable	(1,048)		(1,812)
Inventory	4,724		(8,343)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	8,327		(6,517)
Accounts payable	15,814		6,727
Deferred revenue	548		383
Amount due to related parties	404		(6)
Accrued expenses, salary and other current liabilities	607		(7,374)
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations	(31,259)		(76,624)
Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations	(7,564)		(5,745)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(38,823)		(82,369)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of property and equipment	(136)		(3,362)
Acquisition of intangible asset	—		(469)
Disposal of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed	—		(417)
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired	831		(54,889)
Proceeds from selling available for sales securities	—		337
Investment in debt securities	(2,900)		(12,800)
Investments in long-term investment	—		(127)
Notes receivable from related party	—		(1,000)
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations	(2,205)		(72,727)
Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations	(55)		(3,590)
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,260)		(76,317)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of shares, stock options and warrants	4,026		—
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes	5,650		—
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock	9,850		—

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Borrowings from related parties	2,000		—
Borrowings from third parties	8,700		279
Proceeds from revolving line of credit	3,550		—
Repayments to third parties	(986)		—
Principal payments on revolving line of credit	(3,995)		—
Repayment of convertible notes	—		(24,664)
Proceeds from noncontrolling interest shareholder	—		49
Tax withholding paid for net share settlement of equity awards	—		(84)
Payment of finance lease obligations	(106)		—
Repayments to related parties	(2,000)		—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities from continuing operations	26,689		(24,420)
Net cash provided by financing activities from discontinued operations	4,295		—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	30,984		(24,420)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(59)		(1,249)
Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(10,158)		(184,355)
Cash, beginning of period - continuing operations	3,759		234,181
Cash, beginning of period - discontinued operations	18,170		35,682
Total cash, beginning of period	21,929		269,863
Cash, end of period - continuing operations	2,895		68,833
Cash, end of period - discontinued operations	8,876		16,675
Total cash, end of period	11,771		85,508
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income tax	$	41	$	159
Cash paid for interest	$	348	$	1,188
Issuance of shares for acquisition	$	26,308	$	—
Issuance of shares for repayment of convertible note and accrued interest	$	16,054	$	—
Purchases of property and equipment with unpaid costs accrued in accounts payable	$	867	$	—
Purchases of intangibles with unpaid costs accrued in accounts payable	$	49	$	—
Issuance of shares for preferred stock conversion	$	12,390	$	—
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	644	$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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IDEANOMICS, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Unaudited Interim Financial Statements

The consolidated financial statements of the Company, including the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2023, the consolidated statements of operations, the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, the consolidated statements of equity, and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, as well as other information disclosed in the accompanying notes, are unaudited. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. The interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed on March 30 2023.

The interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations for the periods presented. The consolidated results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or for any other future years or interim periods.

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for comparative purposes to conform to the current-period financial statement presentation.

Discontinued Operations

During the second quarter of 2023, our business components Timios and China met the criteria for classification as discontinued operations and are no longer presented as continuing operations. Assets and liabilities associated with these components are presented in our consolidated balance sheets as Discontinued Operations. The results of operations related to these components are included in the consolidated statements of operations as "Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax." The cash flows of these components are also presented separately in our consolidated statements of cash flows. All corresponding prior year periods presented in our financial statements and related information in the accompanying notes have been reclassified to reflect the Discontinued Operations presentation.

On July 25, 2022, we completed the sale of the Timios Operations for cash proceeds of $450,000 (net of $150,000 in transactions costs paid for by the buyer) and the extinguishment of outstanding payables to YA PN II of $2.4 million. There was no material gain or loss on the sale of the Timios operations. As of June 30, 2023, the China business component completed all commercial vehicle resale activities and does not expect to generate material revenues prior to the wind up of the legal entities in China.

The following table summarizes the operating results of the discontinued operations for the periods indicated:

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	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Total revenue	$	5,456	$	24,817	$	10,366	$	47,978
Cost of revenue	4,377		22,839		9,736		45,116
Gross profit	1,079		1,978		630		2,862
Selling and administrative expenses	3,900		4,967		8,035		11,028
Depreciation and amortization	2		509		274		1,019
Asset impairments	116		251		9,442		251
Other operating costs	10		42		10		42
Operating loss	(2,949)		(3,791)		(17,131)		(9,478)
Non-operating income (expense)	141		1,277		(1,158)		1,322
Income tax benefit	52		23		121		186
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	(2,756)	$	(2,491)	$	(18,168)	$	(7,970)

The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities of the Discontinued Operations included in the consolidated balance sheets for the periods indicated:

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	8,876	$	18,169
Accounts Receivables, net	152		72
Inventory, net	—		647
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	6,061		6,416
Current assets of discontinued operations	15,089		25,304
Property and equipment, net	—		423
Intangible assets, net	6		9,144
Operating lease right of use assets	1,046		1,594
Other noncurrent assets	58		2,843
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations	$	1,110	$	14,004
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	5,099	$	5,523
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	491		893
Other current liabilities	5,296		2,348
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	10,886		8,764
Operating lease liabilities – long term	828		926
Deferred tax liabilities	—		489
Other noncurrent liabilities	—		513
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations	$	828	$	1,928

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Assets Held for Sale

During the second quarter of 2023, our business components Energica, Solectrac, Wave Technologies and US Hybrid (the “held for sale businesses”) met the criteria for classification as assets held for sale and discontinued operations. However, as the held for sale businesses comprise the substantial majority of assets, liabilities, revenues and operating costs of the company’s continuing operations and the period of time over which the disposal events are expected to occur, we have continued to present these operations as continuing operations. We believe this provides more relevant information in the primary financial statements. While these assets are classified as held for sale as we assess active third-party interest, we do not anticipate the sale of all of these businesses. For those that we do decide to sell, it is expected that the majority of the balances attributable to the held for sale businesses will not be divested until 2024.

The following table summarizes the operating results of the held for sale businesses for the periods indicated:

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Total revenue	$	8,138	$	9,345	$	13,664	$	11,559
Cost of revenue	7,469		9,845		13,212		12,926
Gross profit	669		(500)		452		(1,367)
Selling and administrative expenses	9,500		12,160		19,060		19,075
Depreciation and amortization	1,363		1,483		2,712		1,979
Asset impairments	148		321		148		333
Other operating costs	815		679		1,558		1,500
Operating loss	$	(11,157)	$	(15,143)	$	(23,026)	$	(24,254)

The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities of the held for sale businesses included in the consolidated balance sheets for the periods indicated:

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,994	$	2,156
Accounts Receivables, net	6,540		5,753
Inventory, net	22,352		27,031
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	9,582		14,492
Current assets of businesses held for sale	40,468		49,432
Property and equipment, net	7,594		7,194
Intangible assets, net	41,990		43,599
Goodwill	38,217		37,775
Operating lease right of use assets	9,498		10,169
Other noncurrent assets	2,672		2,664
Noncurrent assets of businesses held for sale	$	99,971	$	101,401
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	21,162	$	21,748
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	2,092		2,134
Other current liabilities	18,931		17,784
Current liabilities of businesses held for sale	42,185		41,666
Operating lease liabilities – long term	7,689		8,162
Deferred tax liabilities	2,512		2,648
Other noncurrent liabilities	3,227		3,543
Noncurrent liabilities of businesses held for sale	$	13,428	$	14,353

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Balance Sheet View if Excluding the Held for Sale Businesses Noted Above

While the sale of the businesses noted above is contingent on the ability to reach a mutually acceptable price with an unrelated arms-length buyer, in the event these business components are divested in the next twelve months, the company will experience a material change in the assets its owns and operates. The following table presents a balance sheet as of June 30, 2023 as if the sale of Energica, Wave Technologies, Solectrac and US Hybrid were complete and such businesses were presented as discontinued operations. In this event, the balance sheet below would reflect the assets and liabilities of the parent company Ideanomics, Inc. and VIA Motors as the sole remaining continuing operations in that hypothetical situation. However, the balance sheet below presents historical financial information and does not include cash or other assets we would receive from the sale of the businesses held for sale, nor does it show any liabilities that may be reduced or discharged with cash received. Additionally, as described above, we may decide not to sell one or more of the businesses held for sale.

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	901	$	1,603
Accounts Receivables, net	15		30
Inventory, net	573		569
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,712		37,099
Current assets of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	55,559		74,737
Total current assets	60,760		114,038
Property and equipment, net	3,434		1,455
Intangible assets, net	108,662		25
Goodwill	13,020		—
Operating lease right of use assets	5,204		4,217
Other noncurrent assets	477		7,660
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	101,080		115,406
Total assets	$	292,637	$	242,801
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	49,619	$	16,445
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	1,291		1,055
Other current liabilities	15,538		8,931
Current liabilities of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	53,071		50,430
Total current liabilities	119,519		76,861
Operating lease liabilities – long term	6,404		3,185
Deferred tax liabilities	1,164		(137)
Non current contingent Liabilities	60,721		—
Other noncurrent liabilities	50		53
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	14,256		16,276
Total liabilities	202,114		96,238
Series A	1,262		1,262
Series B	5,310		8,850
Series C	4,825		—
Equity:
Common stock	1,408		597
Additional paid-in capital	1,068,697		1,004,082
Accumulated deficit	(986,596)		(866,450)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,185)		(6,104)
Total Ideanomics, Inc. shareholder’s equity	78,324		132,125
Non-controlling interest	802		4,326
Total equity	79,126		136,451
Total liabilities, convertible redeemable preferred stock and equity	$	292,637	$	242,801

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Significant Accounting Policies

For a detailed discussion of Ideanomics’ significant accounting policies, refer to Note 2 — “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in Ideanomics’ condensed consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2022 Form 10-K.

Inventory

Inventories, which include the costs of material, labor and overhead, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost generally computed on a FIFO basis. Electronic motorcycle inventories are stated on a specific identification method. Estimated losses from obsolete and slow-moving inventories are recorded to reduce inventory values to their estimated net realizable value and are charged to costs of revenue. At the point of loss recognition, a new cost basis for that inventory is established and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in a recovery in carrying value.

The composition of inventory is as follows (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Raw materials	$	7,887	$	12,782
Work in progress	11,626		10,868
Finished goods	14,142		9,518
Inventory Reserve	(10,730)		(5,568)
Total	$	22,925	$	27,600

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the carrying amount of inventories serving as collateral for short-term borrowing agreements is $4.4 million and $6.1 million respectively.

Revenue

The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. For most of the Company’s customer arrangements, control transfers to customers at a point in time, as that is generally when legal title, physical possession and risk and rewards of goods/services transfer to the customer. In certain arrangements, control transfers over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits as the Company completes the performance obligations.

Our contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, revenue is allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Standalone selling prices are based on the observable prices charged to customers or adjusted market assessment or using expected cost-plus margin when one is available. Adjusted market assessment price is determined based on overall pricing objectives taking into consideration market conditions and entity specific factors.

The Company performs an analysis of the relevant terms of its sales contracts, including whether or not it controls the product prior to sale, whether or not it incurs inventory risk, and other factors in order to determine if revenue should be recorded as a principal or agent. Revenues recognized in a principal capacity are reported gross, while revenues recognized as an agent are reported net.

Certain customers may receive discounts or rebates, which are accounted for as variable consideration. Variable consideration is estimated based on the expected amount to be provided to customers, and initially reduces revenues recognized.

The Company records deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance, including amounts which are refundable.

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The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. The Company expenses as incurred any commissions or other fees which, if capitalizable, would have an amortization period of less than one year.

Product Warranties

Certain of the Company’s products are sold subject to standard product warranty terms, which generally include post-sales support and repairs or replacement of a product at no additional charge for a specified period of time. Accruals for estimated expenses related to product warranties are made at the time revenue is recognized and are recorded as a component of costs of revenue. The Company estimates the liability for warranty claims based on standard warranties, the historical frequency of claims and the cost to replace or repair products under warranty. Factors that influence the warranty liability include the number of units sold, the length of warranty term, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and the cost per claim. The warranty liability as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is $1.0 million and $0.6 million, respectively, and is included in “Other long-term liabilities” within the consolidated balance sheets.

VIE Structures and Arrangements

VIA was identified as a VIE in consideration of the aggregate funding provided since August 2021 through the acquisition date of January 31, 2023. Prior to entering into the Merger Agreement, on June 7, 2021, the Company and VIA entered into a SAFE for an amount of $7.5 million which is recorded in Long-term investments as a cost method investment for the period ended December 31, 2022. Prior to January 31, 2023, VIA is not consolidated as the Company did not participate in the design of VIA, does not have significant influence over VIA to make management decisions, did not have any representation on the VIA’s board and did not provide more than half of the total equity. Subsequent to the acquisition of VIA on January 31, 2023, the results of operations and financial position of this VIE are included in the consolidated financial statements for period ended June 30, 2023.Refer to Note 5.

Liquidity and Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern and in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The going concern basis of presentation assumes that the Company will continue in operation one year after the date these financial statements are issued and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. Pursuant to the requirements of the ASC 205, management must evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the date these financial statements are issued.

This evaluation does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans that have not been fully implemented or are not within control of the Company as of the date the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt exists under this methodology, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued, and (2) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. (3) The Company breached at least two covenants, including making timely SEC filings and a minimum stock purchase from the Company’s officers or directors, although Yorkville has not asserted either breach and has since extended additional loan amounts to the Company.

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $11.8 million, with $2.9 million reported in continuing operations and $8.9 million in discontinued operations. Cash held in China is $5.6 million and is subject to local foreign exchange regulations in that country. In addition, cash balances in discontinued operations included $3.3 million held by Timios, which balances were derecognised upon sale in July 2023 and cash balances were assumed by the buyer in this transaction. The company has initiated a formal process to repatriate cash funds located in China and in Q2 successfully repatriated $7.0 million. This process is not subject to local foreign exchange regulations rather is subject to the other administrative regulatory applications and approvals. The Company also had accounts payable and accrued expenses of $70.8 million, other current liabilities of $13.3 million, operating lease payments due within the next twelve months of $3.4 million, and payments of short-term and long-term debt due within the next twelve months of $15.3 million. The Company had a net loss of $119.8 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, and an accumulated deficit of $986.6 million.

The Company believes that its current level of cash and cash equivalents are not sufficient to fund continuing operations, including VIA, which acquisition was closed by the company on January 31, 2023. The Company will need to bring in new

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capital to support its growth and, as evidenced from its successful capital raising activities in 2022 and 2021, believes it has the ability to continue to do so. However, there can be no assurance that this will occur.

The Company has no remaining available and committed equity funding vehicles. As our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 and June 30, 2023 were not filed timely, we will not be Form S-3 eligible until August 25, 2024, which could make fund raising more difficult or more expensive. Management continues to seek to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, mezzanine or debt securities. As we seek additional sources of financing, there can be no assurance that such financing would be available to us on favorable terms or at all. Our ability to obtain additional financing in the debt and equity capital markets is subject to several factors, including market and economic conditions, our performance and investor sentiment with respect to us and our business and industry. These factors individually and collectively raise doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, our independent auditors have included in their report on our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, a paragraph related to the existence of substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company has continued to incur net losses and negative cash flows from operating and investing activities in the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, consistent with its business plan for ongoing activities. As of the date of the filing of this Form 10-Q, securing additional financing is in progress as management’s actions to preserve an adequate level of liquidity for a period extending twelve months from the date of the filing of this Form 10-Q continue to be insufficient on their own without additional financing to mitigate the conditions raising substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. We currently do not have adequate cash to meet our short or long-term needs. In the event additional capital is raised, it may have a dilutive effect on our existing stockholders.

The Company’s ability to raise capital is critical. The company has raised approximately $31.1 million, since the beginning of the first quarter 2023, including the sale of preferred shares, issuance of a convertible note, and the sale of shares under the SEPA. The company's primary actions to raise capital are currently focused on divestiture of a number of business components (please refer to Note 1, "Discontinued Operations" for further details). These divestitures, if successful, may take up to twelve months to close and fund.

Although management continues to raise additional capital through a combination of debt financing, other non-dilutive financing and/or equity financing to supplement the Company’s capitalization and liquidity, management cannot conclude as of the date of this filing that its plans are probable of being successfully implemented.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

We believe substantial doubt exists about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for twelve months from the date of issuance of our financial statements.

Note 2.    New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, to require financial assets carried at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected based on historical experience, current conditions and forecasts. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, to clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are within the scope of lease accounting standards. Further, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, ASU No. 2019-05, ASU 2019-10, ASU 2019-11, ASU 2020-02 and ASU 2020-03 to provide additional guidance on the credit losses standard. ASU 2019-10 deferred the effective date of ASU 2016-13 to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, for public entities which meet the definition of a smaller reporting company on the date the ASU was issued.

Adoption of the ASUs is on a modified retrospective basis. We adopted the ASUs on January 1, 2023. The Company recorded $0.3 million impact to the retained earning. This ASU applies to all financial assets including loans, trade receivables and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, which will require companies to apply the definition of a performance obligation under ASC Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue)

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relating to contracts with customers that are acquired in a business combination. Under current U.S. GAAP, an acquirer generally recognizes assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, including contract assets and contract liabilities arising from revenue contracts with customers, at fair value on the acquisition date. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU prospectively on January 1, 2023. This ASU has not and is currently not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Note 3.    Revenue

The following table summarizes the Company’s revenues disaggregated by geography and major revenue source (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Geographic Markets
North America	$	6,490	$	5,202	$	9,889	$	7,036
Asia	10		33		32		50
Europe	1,683		4,150		3,916		4,529
Total	$	8,183	$	9,385	$	13,837	$	11,615
Product or Service
EV products	$	2,534	$	3,857	$	4,638	$	4,947
EV services	348		5		361		6
Electric motorcycle products and services	2,112		4,150		4,885		4,529
Electric motorcycle sponsorship services	—		—		36		—
Charging, batteries and powertrain products	3,183		956		3,443		1,210
Charging, batteries and powertrain services	—		338		30		790
Other revenue	6		79		444		133
Total	$	8,183	$	9,385	$	13,837	$	11,615

In the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized revenue of $0.1 million and $0.8 million recorded in deferred revenue as of the beginning of the periods, respectively. In the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized revenue of $0.1 million and $0.8 million recorded in deferred revenue as of the beginning of the periods, respectively.

In the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded grant revenue of $0.0 million and $0.1 million, respectively. In the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded grant revenue of $0.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively, in "Other revenue" in the consolidated statements of operations.

Note 4. Notes Receivable from Third Parties

The following table shows the composition of notes receivable, net of reserves (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Green Power Motor Company	$	42	$	45
VIA	—		31,608
	$	42	$	31,653

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The following table summarizes the activity related to the notes receivable reserve (in thousands):

Balance at December 31, 2022	$	60,513
Increase	27,400
Write-offs	(76,313)
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	177
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	11,777
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	(41)
Balance at June 30, 2023	11,736

Write-offs during the six months ended June 30, 2023 of $76.3 million were driven by the completion of the VIA acquisition as of January 31, 2023 and the notes value extended to VIA Motors prior to the closing of the acquisition were adjusted at the time of the acquisition to reflect the value attributable to the credits included in the closing statement. VIA notes receivable, including additional funding of $0.8 million on January 17, 2023, were settled and included in the consideration transferred at fair value as discussed in Note 5 for $5.2 million.

Note 5.    Acquisitions and Divestitures

The Company continually evaluates potential acquisitions that align with the Company’s strategy of accelerating the adoption of EVs. The Company has completed a number of acquisitions that have been accounted for as purchases and have resulted in the recognition of goodwill in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. This goodwill arises because the purchase prices for these businesses exceeds the fair value of acquired identifiable net assets due to the purchase prices reflecting a number of factors including the future earnings and cash flow potential of these businesses, the multiple to earnings, cash flow and other factors at which similar businesses have been purchased by other acquirers, the competitive nature of the processes by which the Company acquired the businesses and the complementary strategic fit and resulting synergies these businesses bring to existing operations.

For all acquisitions, the Company makes an initial allocation of the purchase price at the date of acquisition based upon its understanding of the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. The Company obtains the information used for the purchase price allocation during due diligence and through other sources. In the months after closing, as the Company obtains additional information about the acquired assets and liabilities, including through tangible and intangible asset appraisals, and learns more about the newly acquired business, it is able to refine the estimates of fair value and more accurately allocate the purchase price.

The fair values of acquired intangibles are determined based on estimates and assumptions that are deemed reasonable by the Company. Significant assumptions include the discount rates and certain assumptions that form the basis of the forecasted results of the acquired business including earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, revenue, revenue growth rates, royalty rates and technology obsolescence rates. These assumptions are forward looking and could be affected by future economic and market conditions. The Company engages third-party valuation specialists who review the Company’s critical assumptions and calculations of the fair value of acquired intangible assets in connection with significant acquisitions.

Only facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date are considered for subsequent adjustment. The Company will make appropriate adjustments to the purchase price allocation prior to completion of the measurement period, as required. The Company has included tables for the respective acquisitions by calendar year below. Where a purchase price allocation is considered final this has been disclosed respectively.

In addition to evaluating potential acquisitions, the Company may divest certain businesses from time to time based upon review of the Company’s businesses considering, among other items, factors relative to the extent of strategic and technological

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alignment and optimization of capital deployment, in addition to considering if selling the businesses results in the greatest value creation for the Company and for shareholders. Details and the impacts of any dispositions are noted below.

2023 Acquisition

VIA Acquisition

On January 31, 2023, the company closed the acquisition of VIA, pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement. In closing, the company acquired all outstanding shares of VIA in exchange for the issuance of 1.1 million common shares, and 1.2 million convertible preferred shares (at a ratio of 0.16:1 to common) and the settlement of loans advanced to VIA prior to closing with a settlement value of $5.7 million. As of June 30, 2023, the company has issued 1.0 million common shares and 1.2 million convertible preferred shares. The remaining considered owed to selling shareholders has been recorded as a liability in the amount of $2.3 million and is presented in "other current liabilities." It is expected that this will be satisfied through the issuance of shares based on the settlement statement prepared at closing. In addition, the VIA selling shareholders will be entitled to receive up to $180.0 million in convertible preferred shares upon the satisfaction of earn out provisions included in the Amended and Restated Merger agreement.

The following table summarizes the fair value of the consideration transferred and the estimated fair values of the major classes of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. The recorded amounts for assets acquired and liabilities assumed are provisional and subject to change during the measurement period for certain items including the valuation of separately identified intangibles

(Dollars in thousands)	January 31, 2023
Fair value of consideration transferred:
Common shares	$	28,617
Preferred shares	4,825
SAFE note	581
Secured convertible note	5,165
Contingent consideration	73,627
Purchase price	$	112,815
Allocated to:
Current assets	1,757
Property and equipment, net	2,315
Operating lease right of use assets	5,064
Intangible assets – development technology	104,200
Intangible assets – trademark and tradename	11,410
Goodwill	13,020
Other assets	—
Current liabilities	(16,940)
Deferred tax liability	(4,227)
Other liabilities	(3,784)
Fair value of assets acquired, less liabilities assumed	$	112,815

The useful lives of the intangible assets acquired is as follows:

	January 31, 2023
Intangible assets – development technology	20
Intangible assets – trademark and tradename	20
Weighted average	20

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The estimated amortization expense related to these intangible assets for each of the years subsequent to June 30, 2023, is as follows (amounts in thousands):

2023 remaining	$	9,821
2024	14,591
2025	12,487
2026	10,709
2027	9,178
Thereafter	53,212
Total	$	109,998

Amortization expense related to intangible assets created as a result of the VIA acquisition for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 was $7.0 million.

The goodwill from the VIA acquisition represents future economic benefits that we expect to achieve as a result of the VIA acquisition. Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets acquired and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill will not be amortized but instead will be tested for impairment at least annually and more frequently if certain indicators of impairment are present.

Revenue of $29,000 and net loss $14.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 have been included in the consolidated financial statements.

Unaudited Pro forma Financial Information

The unaudited pro forma results presented below include the effects of the Company’s acquisitions as if the acquisitions had occurred on January 1, 2022. The Company filed an Amended Form 8-K on July 3, 2023 to disclose unaudited pro forma financial information, and explanatory notes, related to the acquisition of VIA as it met the criteria of a significant acquisition. The Energica acquisition did not meet the criteria of a significant acquisition, in aggregate or individually.

The pro forma adjustments are based on historically reported transactions by the acquired companies. The pro forma results do not include any material, nonrecurring adjustments directly attributable to the 2021 Acquisitions or the Energica acquisition. The pro forma results do not include any anticipated synergies or other expected benefits of the acquisitions. The unaudited pro forma financial information below is not necessarily indicative of either future results of operations or results that might have been achieved had the acquisitions occurred on January 1, 2022.

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
(Amounts in thousands, except per share and share data)
Total revenue	$	8,183	$	9,406	$	13,838	$	11,655
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	(35,497)		(57,911)		(82,808)		(88,714)

2022 Acquisition

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The Company has completed the below acquisition in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the operations of the acquired entity from its respective acquisition dates. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination.

Energica Acquisition

On March 3, 2021, the Company entered into an investment agreement with Energica to acquire 20.0% of Energica share capital. On September 15, 2021, the Company announced it had entered into an agreement to launch a voluntary conditional tender offer in concert with the founders of Energica for shares of Energica, pursuant to which Ideanomics plans to increase its investment from 20.0% in Energica to 72.4%. The Energica founders shall continue to own approximately 27.6% of Energica.

On February 9, 2022, the Company wired €52.5 million (approximately $60.3 million USD) to an escrow account in order to facilitate and fund the conditional tender offer. On March, 7, 2022, the Company announced that it had achieved the 90.0% threshold for the conditional tender offer. The transaction received final approval from Italian regulatory authorities and closed on March 14, 2022.

Acquisition Method Accounting

The final purchase price allocation for Energica was $58.1 million including $2.0 million in cash obtained through the acquisition. The purchase price was paid in cash and funded from available cash resources. The table below summarizes the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition of Energica.

In conjunction with the acquisition of Energica, the Company remeasured the 20.0% previously accounted for as an equity method investment. The fair value measurement is based on significant inputs to include discounted cash flow analyses that are not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820. The Company determined the enterprise value using external specialists in support of the preliminary purchase price allocation referenced in the table below. The Company used this enterprise value to remeasure the previous equity investment by stepping up the value of the 20.0% equity ownership to reflect the proceeds paid to gain control of Energica. This remeasurement resulted in a gain of $11.0 million recorded in the six months ended June 30, 2022, this was recorded in "Gain on remeasurement of investment", in our consolidated statement of operations.

The fair value of the 27.6% non-controlling interest in Energica is estimated to be $24.8 million. The fair value measurement is based on significant inputs to include discounted cash flow analyses that are not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820. The Company determined the enterprise value using external specialists in support of the preliminary purchase price allocation referenced in the table below. The Company used this enterprise value to remeasure the previous non-controlling interest by stepping up the value of the non-controlling interest less a discount for lack of marketability. The discount for the lack of marketability was calculated by external specialists using a Finnerty model.

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(Dollars in thousands)	March 14, 2022
Cash paid at closing, including working capital estimates	$	58,140
Fair value of previously held interest	22,183
Fair value of non-controlling interest	24,778
Purchase price	$	105,101
Allocated to:
Current assets	$	19,708
Property and equipment, net	1,927
Intangible assets –Customer relationships	14,226
Intangible assets – Development technology	18,603
Intangible assets – Trademark and trade name	14,496
Goodwill	60,394
Other assets	1,024
Current liabilities	(16,894)
Other liabilities	(8,383)
Fair value of assets acquired, less liabilities assumed	$	105,101

The useful lives of the intangible assets acquired is as follows:

	March 14, 2022
Intangible assets – customer relationships	13.0
Intangible assets – development technology	8.0
Intangible assets – trademark and tradename	25.0
Weighted average	14.7

The estimated amortization expense related to these intangible assets for each of the years subsequent to June 30, 2023, is as follows (amounts in thousands):

2023 remaining	$	2,976
2024	3,967
2025	3,967
2026	3,967
2027	3,967
Thereafter	23,658
Total	$	42,502

Amortization expense related to intangible assets created as a result of the Energica acquisition for the six months ended months ending June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively was $1.0 million and $0.4 million.

The goodwill from the Energica acquisition represents future economic benefits that we expect to achieve as a result of the Energica acquisition, Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets acquired and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill will not be amortized but instead will be tested for impairment at least annually and more frequently if certain indicators of impairment are present.

Revenue of $2.8 million and $0.4 million and net loss of $4.5 million and $0.8 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, have been included in the consolidated financial statements.

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Dispositions

Fiducia (wholly owned subsidiary of Timios) Stock Purchase Agreement

On May 1, 2023, the Company, Timios and Timios Acquisition, LLC (the “Buyer”) (an affiliate of YA II PN) entered into and consummated a Stock Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which Seller sold to the Buyer 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of its subsidiary, Fiducia, for a purchase price of $3.0 million (the “Purchase Price”). At the closing, the Buyer delivered to the Seller Parties (i) the Purchase Price minus (1) the $250,000 outstanding under the Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2022, by and between the Parent and YA II PN, minus (2) the $1,400,000 outstanding under the secured debenture, dated as of March 30, 2023, by and between the Company and YA II PN, minus (3) $750,000 outstanding under the secured debenture, dated as of April 17, 2023, by and between the Company and YA II PN, and minus (4) any applicable taxes. The purchase agreement closed on July 25, 2023 at which time $0.45 million in cash was received by the company(net of $0.15 million in transaction expenses paid for by YA II PN and $2.40 million in loans owed by the company to YA II PN were extinguished. Timios was classified as discontinued operations as of June 30, 2023, please refer to Note 1 "Discontinued Operations" for further information.

SSE

Refer to Note 11 for further discussion of this related party transaction.

2023 and 2022 Transaction Costs

Transaction costs describe the broad category of costs the Company incurs in connection with signed and/or closed acquisitions. Transaction costs include expenses associated with legal, accounting, regulatory, and other transition services rendered in connection with acquisition, travel expense, and other non-recurring direct expenses associated with acquisitions.

•The Company incurred transaction costs of $11.7 million during the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 related to VIA acquisition.

•The Company incurred transaction costs of $0.6 million during the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, related to the Energica acquisition.

Transaction costs have been included in "Selling, general and administrative expenses" in the consolidated statements of operations and in cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Note 6.    Restructuring

On September 12, 2022, the Board authorized management to pursue a plan to restructure the current EV resale activities in China. While the current operational activities will decline in scale during 2023, the company will continue to source materials from Chinese suppliers through its procurement team in China and evaluate opportunities for the sale of current Ideanomics' subsidiaries technologies in China. We believe that this change in the scope of activities in China will result in a significant reduction in the number of operating entities, a simplification of the legal entity structure and a pivot to margin expansion opportunities.

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company recorded charges of $1.0 million and $1.2 million in connection with its China restructuring actions on the consolidated balance sheet. The restructuring charges consist of employee termination costs of $1.0 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Employee termination benefits were recorded based on statutory requirements, completed negotiations and Company policy.

In the second quarter of 2023, the Company decided to wind down Tree Technology business, Accordingly the Company recorded employee termination cost of $0.5 million related to Tree Technology wind-down.

The following table summarizes the charges in connection with its employee termination cost (in thousands):

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	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	1,056	$	—
Increase/(decrease)	689		—
Payment	$	(242)	$	—
Balance at the end of the period	$	1,503	$	—

As of June 30, 2023 China had completed all expected run-off activities and consequently was classified as a discontinued operation. For further details, please refer to Note 1 in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Tree Technology is still in the winding down process and was included int he continuing operation.

Note 7.    Property and Equipment, net

The following table summarizes the Company’s property and equipment (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Furniture and office equipment	$	2,256	$	1,985
Vehicle	775		1,189
Leasehold improvements	3,700		4,181
Shop equipment	4,532		3,204
Total property and equipment	11,263		10,559
Less: accumulated depreciation	(3,004)		(1,909)
	8,259		8,650
Construction in progress	2,770		—
Property and equipment, net	$	11,029	$	8,650

The Company recorded depreciation expense of $0.7 million and $0.6 million, which have been included in "Cost of revenue from sales of products" and "Depreciation and amortization" in the consolidated statements of operations, for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively and $1.4 million and $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Note 8.    Goodwill and Intangible Assets

A reporting unit is the level at which goodwill is tested for impairment, and is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment, if certain criteria are met. Under its current corporate structure, the Company has one operating segment and eight reporting units.

Goodwill

The following table summarizes changes in the carrying amount of goodwill (in thousands):

Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	37,775
Goodwill acquired during the year (a)	13,020
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	442
Balance as of June 30, 2023	$	51,237

(a) Refer to Note 5 for discussion of VIA acquisition.

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Intangible Assets

The following tables summarize information regarding amortizing and indefinite lived intangible assets (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	Intangible before impairment		Accumulated amortization		Accumulated impairment charge		Net balance
Definite lived intangible assets*
Patents, trademarks and brands	21.4	$	26,357	$	(1,327)	$	—	$	25,030
Customer relationships	13.2	14,100		(1,446)		—		12,654
Licenses	3.9	105		(23)		—		82
Software	2.6	132		(57)		—		75
Technology	17.8	122,636		(9,850)		—		112,786
Total		163,330		(12,703)		—		150,627
Indefinite lived intangible assets
Website name		25		—		—		25
Total		$	163,355	$	(12,703)	$	—	$	150,652

	December 31, 2022
	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Accumulated impairment charge		Net  balance
Definite lived intangible assets*
Patents, trademarks and brands	$	14,734	$	(660)	$	—	$	14,074
Customer relationships	13,937		(824)		—		13,113
Licenses	141		(16)		—		125
Software	2,981		(667)		(2,299)		15
Technology	18,225		(1,953)		—		16,272
Total	50,018		(4,120)		(2,299)		43,599
Indefinite lived intangible assets
Website name	25		—		—		25
Total	$	50,043	$	(4,120)	$	(2,299)	$	43,624

*excludes intangible assets fully amortized or written off in prior period

As discussed in Note 17, update for purchase agreement discussion and impairment considerations. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $8.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Amortization expense relating to intangible assets was $5.2 million and $1.7 million for the three month ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively and $9.1 million and $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table summarizes the expected amortization expense for the following years (in thousands):

	Amortization to be recognized
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	14,567
2024	18,748
2025	16,634
2026	14,732
2027	13,154
2028 and thereafter	72,792
Total	$	150,627

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Note 9.    Debt

The following table summarizes the outstanding promissory notes as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

		June 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Interest Rate	Principal Amount		Carrying Amount		Principal Amount		Carrying Amount
YA II PN Convertible Debenture	8.0%	$	250	$	256	$	4,442	$	3,928
YA II PN Convertible Debenture first amendment	8.0%	1,400		1,429		—		—
YA II PN Convertible Debenture second amendment	8.0%	750		762		—		—
YA II PN Convertible Debenture third amendment	8.0%	4,130		3,765		—		—
Tillou promissory note	22.0%	2,000		2,123		2,000		2,021
Therese promissory note	22.0%	1,200		1,215		—		—
Commercial Insurance Premium Finance	6%	142		142		992		992
SBA PPP due April 10, 2025	1.0%	172		172		219		219
Other lending agreements	0.1%-11.8%	7,292		7,292		6,561		6,561
Total		$	17,336	17,156		$	14,214	13,721
Less: Current portion				(15,336)				(11,764)
Long-term Note, less current portion				$	1,820			$	1,957

The weighted average interest rate for these borrowings is 9.6% and 8.1% as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The Company breached at least two covenants, including making timely SEC filings and a minimum stock purchase from the Company’s officers or directors. Yorkville has not asserted either breach and has since extended additional loan amounts to the Company.

New debt transactions executed by the Company during the six months ended June 30, 2023 are as follows:

(a) YA II PN Convertible Debenture

On March 30, 2023, the Company entered into the first Amendment to the SDPA. YA II PN purchased an additional debenture with substantially the same terms in the principal amount of $1.4 million. The Company also entered the first amendment to the option agreement as a condition precedent to the purchase of $1.4 million of convertible securities under the SDPA, The Company and Timios have granted YA II PN an option, exercisable after May 30, 2023, to purchase from the Company an amount of shares of common stock of Timios representing seventy percent (70%) of the then issued and outstanding Timios Common Stock on a Fully-Diluted Basis at the time the Call Right is effected or seventy percent (70%) of the then issued and outstanding Fiducia Common Stock on a Fully-Diluted Basis at the time the Call Right is effected. Pursuant to the Amended Option Agreement, if YA II PN exercises the Call Right, the aggregate purchase price shall be $2.5 million.

On April 17, 2023, the Company entered into the second amendment to the SDPA and option agreement. YA II PN purchased an additional debenture with substantially the same terms in the principal amount of $0.8 million. The Company also entered the second amendment to the option agreement as a condition precedent to the purchase of $0.8 million of convertible securities under the SDPA. Tthe Company and Timios have granted YA II PN an option (the “Call Right”), exercisable after May 30, 2023, to purchase (a) from the Company an amount of shares of common stock of Timios representing one hundred percent (100%) of the then issued and outstanding common stock of Timios on a Fully-Diluted Basis (as defined therein) at the time the Call Right is effected, or (b) from Timios one hundred percent (100%) of the then issued and outstanding common stock of Fiducia on a Fully-Diluted Basis at the time the Call Right is effected. Pursuant to the Amended Option Agreement, if YA II PN exercises the Call Right, the aggregate purchase price shall be $3.5 million.

On May 1, 2023, the Company entered into the third amendment to the SDPA. YA II PN purchased an additional debenture with substantially the same terms in the principal amount of $4.1 million for a purchase price of $3.5 million,

with the subsequent amendments, the maturity date is extended to November 1, 2023

The Company recognized interest expense related to the YA II PN convertible debenture of $0.5 million and $0.8 million, including of debt discount amortization for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company repaid $4.2 million of principal and interest using the proceeds from SEPA.

(b) Tillou promissory note due on demand after 4/20/2023

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Refer to Note 11 for further discussion of this related party transaction.

(c) Therese promissory note due on 6/6/2023

Refer to Note 11 for further discussion of this related party transaction.

The Company also entered other short term and long term borrowing agreements. These instruments provide working capital for the operations through the combination of accounts receivable factoring, line of credits, vendor financing programs and other secured asset-based lending arrangements. The total unused line of credit is $0.9 million and $0.4 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Note 10.    Convertible Preferred Stock

Significant convertible preferred stock transactions during the three months ended June 30, 2023 are as follows:

Convertible Preferred Stock Series C

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Board authorized 2.0 million shares of Preferred Stock Series C. Each share of Preferred Stock Series C shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time, at the office of the Company or any transfer agent for such stock, into 0.16 shares of common stock, and redeemable at a stated dollar amount upon a merger/consolidation/change in control.

Upon the occurrence of a liquidation event, the holders of shares of Preferred Stock Series C then outstanding shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders, whether from capital, surplus or earnings, an amount per share equal to $0.1804, as may be adjusted from time to time plus all accrued, but unpaid dividends, whether declared or not.

As of June 30, 2023, 1,159,276 shares of Preferred Stock Series C were issued. The Preferred Stock Series C shareholders shall be entitled to one vote per common stock on an as-converted basis and are only entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by the Board.

Convertible Preferred Stock Series B

The third closing with Acuitas was held on February 2, 2023, at which time 10.0 million shares of Preferred Stock Series B and 10.0 million warrants were purchased and at the price of $10.0 million. The fair value of the warrants is $2.3 million based on binomial lattice model and recorded on the "Additional paid-in capital" on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31 2022. Acuitas converted 14.0 million shares of Preferred Stock Series B into 0.7 million shares of common stock during the six months ended June 30, 2023. Between March 6, 2023 and May 2, 2023, Ideanomics received a total of 10 cashless exercise notices for a total of 96.7 million warrants requesting an aggregate number of 3.2 million common shares be issued pursuant to the cashless exercise notices. This is inconsistent with the 20 million warrants specified in the agreement. The company has considered whether to pursue litigation on this matter and decided not to purse litigation but to try and complete the agreement and close the relationship with Acuitas considering the court issued a preliminary injunction order on March 31, 2023 requiring Ideanomics to comply with the cashless exercise notices received from Acuitas in March, As a result, the Company recorded $18.6 million warrant liabilities. During the six month ended June 30, 2023, the Company issued 3.2 million shares for warrant cashless exercise, the remaining warrant liabilities $1.0 million was reversed to APIC because unexercised warrants were relinquished.

Note 11.    Related Party Transactions

(a)Transactions with Dr. Wu and his affiliates

Dr. Wu

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has receivables of $0.2 million, respectively, due from Dr. Wu, the former Chairman of the Company, and his affiliates recorded in “Amounts due from related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets.

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As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has payables of $0.7 million, respectively, due to Dr. Wu, the former Chairman of the Company, and his affiliates recorded in “Amounts due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets.

Service agreement with SSSIG

The Company entered a consulting service agreement with SSSIG on April 20, 2021 for the period from April 1, 2021 through June 30, 2021 for $0.4 million. The service agreement includes employment transfer, financial transition, corporate documents handover, legal representative and board member change for the Company's subsidiaries and affiliates. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $0.4 million in “Amount due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets.

(b) Stock purchase consideration payable due to FNL

On April 20, 2021, Ideanomics entered into a stock purchase agreement with FNL, pursuant to which Ideanomics made an investment into FNL. The unpaid consideration of $0.1 million is recorded in the “Amount due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

(c) Amounts due from and due to Glory

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has payables of $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively, due to Glory as a result of the transactions incurred in 2020 and is recorded in “Amount due to related parties” in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(d) Receivable due from Tree Technology minority shareholders

In the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company entered $10.5 million senior convertible note with Tree Technology and fully converted this note into Tree Technology equity, $0.3 million of this capital contribution is used to settle the previous receivable due from Tree Technology minority shareholders., which was recorded in "Amounts due from related parties" in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022.

(e) Transactions with Energica management and their affiliates

Energica management stock options

The Company loaned $1.8 million to Energica senior management to exercise their stock options during the three months ended March 31 2022. In the second quarter of 2022, the Company purchased 0.8 million shares from options exercised for an additional $1.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022. The total of the disbursements, $3.1 million, is considered part of the purchase price of Energica.

Materials and services from CRP Meccanica S.r.l., CRP Service S.r.l. and CRP Technology S.r.l.

Energica has purchased $0.1 million and $0.2 million of material and services from three entities owned by one of its senior management team during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30 2022, respectively, The outstanding payable as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, with these three entities is $1.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively, and recorded in “Amounts due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets.

Lease agreement with EMCH S.r.l.

Energica entered a lease agreement with EMCH S.r.l., an entity owned by one of its senior management team. The lease period

is from February 1, 2023 through January 31, 2029. This lease agreement is reflected in the consolidated balance sheets and statement of operations as follows (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
Operating lease right of use assets	$	305
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	47
Operating lease liabilities - long term	258
Selling, general and administrative expenses	27

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(f) Promissory notes with Tillou

On December 13, 2022, the Company entered into a promissory note with Tilllou in the amount of $2.0 million. Tillou is an entity controlled by Vince McMahon, the father of our Executive Chairman. The principal and interest is payable on demand any time after January 15, 2023. The note bears interest at a rate of 20% per annum. The Company granted to the Noteholder a security interest in the secured collateral. The subordinate agreement among the Company, Tillou and YA PN II agreed to subordinate YA PN II’s security interest in the Inobat Note to Tillou’s security interest up to an aggregate of $2.4 million, subject to the other provisions. The Company recorded the note in “Amounts due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022. The Company repaid the principal and the accrued interest of less than $0.1 million on January 13, 2023.

On March 19, 2023, the Company entered into a promissory note with Tilllou in the amount of $2.0 million. The principal and interest is payable on demand any time after April 20, 2023. The note bears interest at a rate of 20% per annum. If any amount payable under the Note is not paid when due, such overdue amount shall bear interest at the Interest Rate plus 2%. The Company granted to the Noteholder a security interest in a purchase obligation of YA II PN, Ltd as collateral. The Company recorded the note in “Amounts due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2023.

(f) Promissory notes with Therese Lee Carabillo

On April 6, 2023, the Company entered into a secured negotiable promissory note with Therese Lee Carabillo in the amount of $1.0 million. The maturity date is June 6 2023. the applicable interest rate is 20% . If any amount payable under the Note is not paid when due, such overdue amount shall bear interest at the applicable interest rate plus 2%. Our Executive Chairman provided the personal guarantee of the note The Company recorded the note in “Promissory note due to third parties” in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2023.

(g) Disposal of SSE

On February 9, 2022, the Company transferred its 51.0% interest in SSE to Fan Yurong, a current shareholder of SSE, for a nominal amount. The Company recognized a disposal loss of $0.2 million as a result of the deconsolidation of SSE and such loss was recorded in “Other income, net” in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company is not involved in the operations of SSE after the disposal and is no longer considered a related party subsequent to disposition.

Note 12.    Share-Based Compensation

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had 0.2 million options and 0.1 million RSUs outstanding.

The Company awards common stock and stock options to employees, consultants, and directors as compensation for their services. Stock option awards to employees, consultants, and directors are recorded by the Company pursuant to the provisions of ASC 718. For the options with market conditions, the fair value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using Monte-Carlo valuation model and recognizes the fair value of each option as compensation expense over the derived service period. For the options with performance conditions, the fair value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model and recognizes the fair value of each option as compensation expense over the implicit service period. For RSUs and option awards only with service conditions, the fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. The Company recognizes the fair value of each option as compensation expense ratably using the straight-line attribution method over the service period, which is generally the vesting period.

Effective as of December 3, 2010 and amended on August 3, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the 2010 Plan pursuant to which options or other similar securities may be granted. On October 22, 2020, the Company’s shareholders approved the amendment and restatement of the 2010 Plan. The maximum aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the 2010 Plan increased from 0.3 million shares to 0.5 million shares. As of June 30, 2023, options available for issuance are 0.4 million shares.

For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, total share-based payments expense was $3.3 million and $2.9 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, total share-based payments expense was $5.8 million and $5.2 million, respectively.

(a)Stock Options

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The following table summarizes stock option activity for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023:

	Options Outstanding	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2023	268,323	$	146.35	7.8	$	—
Granted	2,800	4.75
Expired	(14,930)	149.28
Forfeited	(12,838)	35.55
Outstanding at June 30, 2023	243,355	150.21		6.94	—
Vested as of June 30, 2023	172,673	178.73		6.08	—
Expected to vest as of June 30, 2023	70,682	80.54		9.06	—

As of June 30, 2023, $1.6 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested share options is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.97 years. The total intrinsic value of shares exercised in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $0.0 million and $0.0 million. The total fair value of shares vested in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $3.1 million and $4.8 million, respectively. Cash received from options exercised in the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $0.0 million and $0.0 million.

For the options with service conditions, the assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the stock options granted in the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 as follows:

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Expected term (in years)	5.38		5.51-5.53
Expected volatility	128%		123%-124%
Expected dividend yield	—	%	—	%
Risk free interest rate	3.91%		1.69%-2.87%

(b)Warrants

In connection with certain of the Company’s service agreements, the Company issued warrants to service providers to purchase common stock of the Company.

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Warrants Outstanding	Number of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable	Number of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable	Exercise Price		Expiration Date
Acuitas	—	40,000	$	36.25	November 14, 2027
Acuitas	—	40,000	$	36.25	November 27, 2027
Total	—	80,000

(c)RSUs

In December 2022, the Company granted 0.1 million restricted shares to certain employees and directors under the 2010 Plan which was approved by the Board. The restricted shares were vested either immediately or over 2.00 years. The aggregated grant date fair value of all those restricted shares was $1.6 million.

In January 2023, due to the completion of VIA acquisition, the Company assumed the restricted shares that VIA granted to its employees of 1.5 million, which was adjusted to 28.5 thousand restricted shares of IDEX. The aggregated fair value of all those restricted shares was $0.7 million on the acquisition completion date.

In the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company granted 0.1 million restricted shares to certain employees under the 2010 Plan which was approved by the Board. The restricted shares were vested either immediately or over 2.00 years. The aggregated grant date fair value of all those restricted shares was $1.5 million.

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As of June 30, 2023, there was $1.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted shares.

Note 13.    Net Loss Per Common Share

The following table summarizes the Company’s loss per share for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(32,741)	$	(35,276)	$	(101,646)	$	(58,308)
Net loss from discontinued operations	(2,756)		(2,491)		(18,168)		(7,970)
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common stockholders	$	(35,497)	$	(37,767)	$	(119,814)	$	(66,278)
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	10,271,290		3,982,340		8,071,870		3,980,619
Net loss per share:
Basic and diluted
Continuing operations	$	(3.19)	$	(8.86)	$	(12.59)	$	(14.65)
Discontinued operations	$	(0.27)	$	(0.63)	$	(2.25)	$	(2.00)
Basic and diluted loss per share of Common Stock	$	(3.46)	$	(9.49)	$	(14.84)	$	(16.65)

Basic net loss per common share attributable to the Company’s shareholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to the Company’s shareholders by the weighted average number of outstanding common shares during the period.

Diluted loss per share is calculated by taking net loss, divided by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding. Diluted net loss per share equals basic net loss per share because the effect of securities convertible into common shares is anti-dilutive.

The following table includes the number of shares that may be dilutive potential common shares in the future. The holders of these shares do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses and thus these shares were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because the effect was antidilutive (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Warrants	—	80
Options and RSUs	304	336
Series A Preferred Stock	7	7
Series B Preferred Stock	686	500
Series C Preferred Stock	186	—
Contingent shares	20,580	12
Convertible promissory note and interest	710	243
Total	22,473	1,178

Note 14.    Income Taxes

In January 2023 approximately $4.2 million of deferred tax liabilities were recognized on the acquisition of VIA as shown in the table in Note 5. The deferred tax liabilities recognized related primarily to intangible assets recognized for financial reporting purposes that are not recognized for income tax purposes. A significant portion of Ideanomics’ net deferred tax assets had previously been judged to be more likely that not to be unable to reduce the Company’s income tax liability and consequently were offset by a valuation allowance. Once the acquisition of VIA occurred, a portion of Ideanomics’ deferred tax assets could be utilized in offsetting the newly acquired deferred tax liabilities, this resulted in a one-time income tax benefit of approximately $2.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

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In general, the Company has net operating loss carryovers creating deferred tax assets that, to the extent that they do not offset deferred tax liabilities, are reduced by a 100% valuation allowance. Certain deferred tax liabilities cannot be offset by deferred tax assets. These consist of state deferred tax liabilities of certain US subsidiaries that file separate state tax returns and of certain foreign subsidiaries. The Company also has certain deferred tax liabilities that can only be 80% offset by deferred tax assets relating to net operating loss carryovers that can only offset 80% of taxable income. During the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 there was an income tax benefit of approximately $3.4 million from continuing operations. This consisted principally of the approximately $2.4 million one-time benefit as discussed in the preceding paragraph plus approximately $1.0 million resulting from other sources. During the three months ended June 30, 2023 there was an income tax benefit of approximately $0.5 million from continuing operations. The income tax benefits, other than from the one-time benefit, consisted principally of 1) the amortization or impairment of intangible assets with carrying values in excess of their tax bases, resulting in the reversal of related deferred tax liabilities, and 2) the creation of additional net operating loss carryovers capable of offsetting certain previously existing deferred tax liabilities.

In March 2022 approximately $4.7 million of deferred tax liabilities were recognized on the acquisition of Energica. These are included in “other liabilities” in the table in Note 5.

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, there was an income tax benefit of $0.1 million from continuing operations. This consisted principally of foreign income tax benefits. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, there was an income tax benefit of $0.3 million from continuing operations. This consisted principally of $0.1 million state income tax benefits for US subsidiaries and $0.2 million of foreign income tax benefits.The foreign income tax benefit for the six and three months ended June 30, 2023, consists primarily of the reversal of some of the Energica deferred tax liability as a result of Energica's losses.

At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s deferred tax assets do not include approximately $0.3 million of potential deferred tax assets, arising in 2021, not recognized because they do not meet the threshold for recognition. If these assets were to be recognized, they would be fully offset by a valuation allowance. Other than these, there were no uncertain tax positions that would prevent the Company from recording the related benefit as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Note 15.    Commitments and Contingencies

Lawsuits and Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm the business.

Shareholder Class Actions and Derivative Litigations

On June 28, 2020, a purported securities class action, captioned Lundy v. Ideanomics Inc. et al., was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against the Company and certain current officers and directors of the Company. Additionally, on July 7, 2020, a purported securities class action captioned Kim v. Ideanomics Inc. et al, was filed in the Southern District of New York against the Company and certain current officers and directors of the Company. Both cases alleged violations of Section 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act arising from certain purported misstatements by the Company beginning in September 2020 regarding its Ideanomics China division. On November 4, 2020, the Lundy and Kim actions were consolidated and the litigation is now titled “In re Ideanomics, Inc. Securities Litigation.” In December 2020, the Court appointed Rene Aghajanian as lead plaintiff and an amended complaint was filed in February 2021, alleging violations of Section 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act arising from certain purported misstatements by the Company beginning in March 2020 regarding its Ideanomics China division and seeking damages. The defendants filed a motion to dismiss on May 6, 2021. On March 15, 2022, the Court granted Defendants’ motions to dismiss in full and dismissed Plaintiff’s complaint. On April 14, 2022, Plaintiff sought leave to amend its complaint and Defendants opposed that request. On February 8, 2023, the Court denied Plaintiffs’ motion to amend and dismissed the case.

Merger-related Litigation and Demand Letters

Following the announcement of the Company’s agreement to acquire VIA, the Company received several demand letters on behalf of purported stockholders of the Company and the Company and certain of its officers and directors have been named as defendants in complaints filed and consolidated in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York demanding the issuance of additional disclosures in connection with the merger. The specific complaints, all of which have been consolidated, have the following filing dates: Macmillan v. Ideanomics, Inc.et al.¸ December 2, 2021; Saee v. Ideanomics, et al., December 7, 2021; and Foran v. Ideanomics, Inc., et al., January 11, 2022. In those complaints, Plaintiffs allege that the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 initially filed with the SEC on November 5, 2021, is false and misleading and

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purportedly omits material information regarding the Company’s acquisition of VIA. The Company believes that its disclosures comply fully with applicable law and that the demand letters and complaints are without merit. Nevertheless, in order to moot the purported deficiencies alleged in the demand letters and the complaints, avoid the risk of delaying the consummation of the merger, and minimize the costs, risks, and uncertainties inherent in litigation, the Company, without admitting any liability or wrongdoing, voluntarily provided certain supplemental disclosures. Nothing in those supplemental disclosures should be considered an admission of the legal necessity or materiality under applicable laws of any of the disclosures included. To the contrary, the Company denies all of the allegations in the demand letters and the complaints that any additional disclosures are required.

SEC Investigation

As previously reported, the Company is subject to an investigation by the Division of Enforcement of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company is cooperating with the investigation and has responded to requests for documents, testimony and information regarding various transactions and disclosures going back to 2017. At this point, we are unable to predict what the timing or the outcome of the SEC investigation may be or what, if any, consequences the SEC investigation may have with respect to the Company. However, the SEC investigation could result in additional legal expenses and divert management’s attention from other business concerns and harm our business. If the SEC were to determine that legal violations occurred, we could be required to pay civil penalties or other amounts, and remedies or conditions could be imposed as part of any resolution.

McCarthy v. Ideanomics

On December 14, 2022, Conor McCarthy, Ideanomics’ former CFO, filed an arbitration in front of the American Arbitration Association alleging breach of his separation agreement by Ideanomics and claiming as damages the entirety of his separation payment (approximately $0.7 million), double damages, statutory interest, and costs. The parties settled the arbitration on April 12, 2023 and later amended, pursuant to which Ideanomics will make payments towards Mr. McCarthy that shall total in the amount of $0.7 million. During three months ended June 30 2023, the Company made the payment of $50,000, and the balance $0.7 million is recorded in "accrued salaries" in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Cantor Fitzgerald, LLC v. Ideanomics

On January 10, 2023, Cantor sued Ideanomics in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County for breach of contract to pay $0.2 million in fees associated with a Letter Agreement entered into on October 22, 2021. The parties negotiated a payment plan, under which Ideanomics failed to meet its obligations. Cantor filed a confession of judgment for the remaining $0.1M on July 18, 2023.

Acuitas Capital, LLC v. Ideanomics

As previously reported, on March 14, 2023, Acuitas Capital, LLC (“Acuitas”) filed suit against Ideanomics in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, alleging breach of the Securities Purchase Agreement executed between the parties on November 14, 2022. On August 7, 2023, Ideanomics and Acuitas entered into a Settlement Agreement pursuant to which the parties will file with the court a stipulation of discontinuance with prejudice of the action. No admission of liability will be made by either party.

3i LP v. Ideanomics

On March 21, 2023, Ideanomics was served with a notice of lawsuit filed in the Supreme Court of New York, New York County. The summons alleges breach of contract regarding an exclusive term sheet. On June 9, 2023, Ideanomics filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, since the term sheet expressly stated that it was non-binding (among other reasons), which the plaintiff opposed. Ideanomics’ response brief is due August 2, 2023. The case remains pending. the Company recorded $0.5 million in "accrued expense" in the the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Additional Matters

In addition to the above, Ideanomics and its subsidiaries face a number of lawsuits alleging breach of contract for failure to make payment on contractual obligations.

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Note 16.    Contingent Consideration

The following table summarizes information about the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, grouped into Level 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the input to fair value is observable (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
	Level I		Level II		Level III		Total
DBOT - Contingent consideration1	$	—	$	—	$	649	$	649
Tree Technology - Contingent consideration2	—		—		78		78
Solectrac - Contingent consideration3	—		—		100		100
VIA - Contingent consideration4	$	—	$	—	$	60,721	$	60,721
Total	$	—	$	—	$	61,548	$	61,548

	December 31, 2022
	Level I		Level II		Level III		Total
DBOT - Contingent consideration1	$	—	$	—	$	649	$	649
Tree Technology - Contingent consideration2	—		—		118		118
Solectrac - Contingent consideration3	—		—		$	100	100
Total	$	—	$	—	$	867	$	867

1 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of DBOT shares during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and as remeasured as of April 17, 2020. The contractual period which required periodic remeasurement has expired, and therefore the Company will not remeasure this liability in the future. The Company issued 0.1 million shares during the year ended December 31 2020 and still have the obligation to issue 8,106 shares June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

2 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of Tree Technology shares during the three months ended December 31, 2019 and as subsequently remeasured as of June 30, 2023 and 2022. The fair value of the Tree Technology contingent consideration was valued using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow approach.

3 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of Solectrac. The liability represents the fair value of the three contingent considerations that were entered into at closing. The fair value was determined using Monte-Carlo simulations.

4 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of VIA. The liability represents the fair value of the three contingent considerations that were entered into at closing. The fair value was determined using Monte-Carlo simulations.

DBOT Contingent Consideration

The fair value of the DBOT contingent consideration was valued using the Black-Scholes-Merton model.

The contractual period which required periodic remeasurement has expired as of April 17, 2020, and therefore the Company will not remeasure this liability in the future. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the contingent consideration includes the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, expected term and expected dividend yield. The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the model:

	June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Risk-free interest rate	0.1%
Expected volatility	30%
Expected term (years)	0.08
Expected dividend yield	—	%

Tree Technologies Contingent Consideration

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The fair value of the Tree Technologies contingent consideration as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, was valued using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow approach which incorporates various estimates, including projected gross revenue for the periods, probability estimates, discount rates and other factors. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair value measurement.

The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the probability-weighted discounted cash flow approach:

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Weighted-average cost of capital	15.0%	15.0%
Probability	5%-20%	5%-20%

Solectrac Contingent Consideration

The fair value of the Solectrac contingent consideration as of June 30, 2023 was valued using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. The significant unobservable inputs include volatility, discount rate and the risk free rate, Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair value measurement. The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the model:

	June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Risk-free interest rate	3.4%
Expected volatility	25.0%
Expected discount rate	13.1%

VIA Contingent Consideration

The fair value of the VIA contingent consideration as of June 30, 2023 was valued using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. The significant unobservable inputs include volatility, discount rate and the risk free rate. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair value measurement. In the six months ended June 30 2023, the Company recorded the remeasurement gain 12.9 million due to the change of projections The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the model:

	June 30, 2023
Risk-free interest rate	3.7	%
Expected volatility	65.0	%
Expected discount rate	13.9	%

The following table summarizes the reconciliation of Level 3 fair value measurements (in thousands):

	Contingent Consideration
January 1, 2023	$	867
Addition	73,628
Remeasurement loss/(gain) recognized in the statement of operations	(12,947)
June 30, 2023	$	61,548

Note 17.    Subsequent Events

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Fourth Amendment to Secured Convertible Debenture Purchase Agreement

On July 14, 2023, the Company entered into the Fourth Amendment to the SDPA, as previously amended (the “Fourth Amended SDPA”) with YA II PN, which further amended the Original SDPA, and simultaneously consummated the sale to the Investor of a new Secured Convertible Debenture (the “Fifth Debenture”) in a private placement pursuant to the SDPA for a purchase price of $1.5 million. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the Amended SDPA and Fourth Debenture, the Company promises to pay to YA II PN $1.9 million on November 1, 2023, (a) subject to earlier redemption at the Company’s option (upon payment of a redemption premium of 20% of the principal amount being redeemed or paid), and (b) subject to acceleration at the holder’s option upon an event of default described in the Indenture. The Company will also pay interest on outstanding principal of the Fifth Debenture at an interest rate of eight percent (8%), provided that such interest rate shall be increased to 18% upon an event of default.

Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement Closure

On July 25, 2023, the Company, signed and closed the Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement as executed on May 1, 2023. At the closing, the Buyer delivered to the Seller Parties (i) the Purchase Price minus (1) the $250,000 outstanding under the Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2022, by and between the Parent and YA II PN, minus (2) the $1,400,000 outstanding under the secured debenture, dated as of March 30, 2023, by and between the Company and YA II PN, minus (3) $750,000 outstanding under the secured debenture, dated as of April 17, 2023, by and between the Company and YA II PN, (4) $600,000 payment, and minus (4) any applicable taxes.

Preferred Shares Assignment Agreement

On August 7, 2023, the Company entered a Settlement Agreement where YA II PN has agreed to acquire from Acuitas all of its (a) shares (the “Preferred Shares”) of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock in the Company, consisting of 6.0 million shares of Preferred Shares with an aggregate Series B Original Issue Price of $6.0 million as of the date hereof and accrued but unpaid dividends of $445,480.94 as of August 1, 2023, and (b) rights (but none of the obligations) under the Acuitas Stock Purchase Agreement. In executing the agreement YA II PN shall pay to Acuitas Capital the total of $2.5 million. This agreement resolves the action against Ideanomics in which Acuitas Capital alleged that Ideanomics had breached the SPA and sought certain relief, including a preliminary injunction. As of the date of this filing, YA II PN held $3 million of the remaining Series B Original Convertible Preferred Stock.

Ideanomics Reverse Stock Split

On August 22, 2023, the Company filed a Certificate of Change with the Nevada Secretary of State to effect a reverse stock split of the Company's issued and outstanding shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a ratio of 1-for-125. Accordingly, all references to numbers of common shares and per-share data in the accompanying financial statements have been adjusted to reflect the stock split on a retroactive basis.

The Company is effecting the Reverse Stock Split to satisfy the $1.00 minimum bid price, as set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market. As previously disclosed, on April 20, 2023, the Company was notified by the Listing Qualifications Staff of Nasdaq that the Company did not meet the minimum closing bid price requirement of $1.00 for continued listing, as set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), as the Staff determined that as of April 19, 2023, the Company’s securities had a closing bid price of $0.10 or less for ten consecutive trading days, from April 5 through April 19, 2023. Also, as previously disclosed, the Staff determined that the Company was eligible for two (2) consecutive 180-day periods to attempt to regain compliance with the Rule. To regain compliance with the Rule, the closing bid price of the Company's Common Stock must be at least $1.00 per share for a minimum 10 consecutive business days.

The Reverse Stock Split will be effective at 12:01 am, Eastern Time, on August 25, 2023.

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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements

This Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking” statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You can identify these statements by the use of forward-looking words such as “may”, “will”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “believe”, “continue”, or other similar words. You should read statements that contain these words carefully because they discuss the Company’s future expectations, contain projections of the Company’s future results of operations or financial condition or state other “forward-looking” information. The Company believes that it is important to communicate its future expectations to its investors. However, these forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results may differ materially from the expectations that are expressed, implied or forecasted in any such forward-looking statements. There may be events in the future that we are unable to accurately predict or control, including weather conditions and other natural disasters which may affect demand for the Company’s products, and the product-development and marketing efforts of its competitors. Examples of these events are more fully described in the Company’s 2022 Form 10-K under Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors.

Unless required by law, the Company undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. However, readers should carefully review the reports and documents the Company files from time to time with the SEC, particularly its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Annual Report on Form 10-K, Current Reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following management’s discussion and analysis is presented in four sections as below and should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and the other financial information appearing elsewhere in this report on Form 10-Q. In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains certain forward-looking information. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements” above for certain information concerning those forward-looking statements.

•Overview

•Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

•Results of Operations

•Liquidity and Capital Resources

•Outlook

OVERVIEW

Ideanomics is an operating company incorporated in 2004 under the laws of the State of Nevada. Our evolution has been driven by technological innovation and numerous strategic acquisitions of businesses to act as our operating subsidiaries that expanded our product offerings and complemented our existing solutions.

Through June 30, 2023, the Company operates in one segment with two business units, Ideanomics Mobility and Ideanomics Capital. Ideanomics Mobility will drive EV adoption by offering unique business solutions to commercial customers wanting to adopt EV vehicles and supporting infrastructure. To do that, Ideanomics is developing and integrating business components with distinctive competence in three key pillars: Vehicles, Charging and Energy. These three pillars provide the foundation for Ideanomics Mobility’s planned offering of unique business solutions such as CaaS and VaaS which have seen early traction with both large and small commercial vehicle operations.

Ideanomics Capital is now focused solely on providing a range of financing programs in support of the sale of EVs and associated charging and energy systems by Ideanomics Mobility.

Significant Transactions in the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023

VIA Acquisition

As previously disclosed, on August 30, 2021, the Company, entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (as amended on May 20, 2022 and June 15, 2022, the “Original Agreement”) by and among the Company, VIA, Longboard Merger Corp., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Sub”), and Shareholder Representative Services LLC, a Colorado limited liability company solely in its capacity as Stockholders’ Representative, pursuant to which Merger Sub was merged with and into VIA (the “Merger”), with VIA continuing as the surviving corporation in the Merger. The transaction received final approval on January 31, 2023.

Discontinued Operations

During the second quarter of 2023, our business components Timios and China met the criteria for classification as discontinued operations and are no longer presented as continuing operations. Assets and liabilities associated with these components are presented in our consolidated balance sheets as Discontinued Operations. The results of operations related to these components are included in the consolidated statements of operations as "Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax." The cash flows of these components are also presented separately in our consolidated statements of cash flows. All corresponding prior year periods presented in our financial statements and related information in the accompanying notes have been reclassified to reflect the Discontinued Operations presentation.

On July 25, 2022, we completed the sale of the Timios Operations for cash proceeds of $600,000 and the extinguishment of outstanding payables to YA PN II of $2.4 million. There was no material gain or loss on the sale of the Timios operations. As of June 30, 2023, the China business component completed all commercial vehicle resale activities and does not expect to generate material revenues prior to the wind up of the legal entities in China. For information on the assets, liabilities, revenues

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and results of operations related to the discontinued operations, please refer to Note 1 in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Businesses held for sale

During the second quarter of 2023, our business components Energica, Solectrac, Wave Technologies and US Hybrid (the “held for sale businesses”) met the criteria for classification as assets held for sale and discontinued operations. However, as the held for sale businesses comprise the substantial majority of assets, liabilities, revenues and operating costs of the company’s continuing operations and the period of time over which the disposal events are expected to occur, we have continued to present these operations as continuing operations. We believe this provides more relevant information in the primary financial statements. While these assets are classified as held for sale as we assess active third-party interest, we do not anticipate the sale of all of these businesses. For those that we do decide to sell, it is expected that the majority of the balances attributable to the held for sale businesses will not be divested until 2024. For information on the assets, liabilities, revenues and results of operations related to these business components, please refer to Note 1 in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Principal Factors Affecting the Company’s Financial Performance

The business is expected to be impacted by both macroeconomic and Ideanomics-specific factors. The following factors have been part of the transformation of the Company which affected the results of its operations in 2023 and 2022:

•The Company’s ability to access the equity and debt markets to obtain the working capital and investment capital required to fund its EV operations. The Company’s EV businesses are in the development stage, are not profitable, and are not expected to be profitable and cash generative in the short to medium term. Consequently, the EV businesses are highly dependent on the Company’s ability to access the equity and debt capital markets to provide sufficient cash for these businesses to continue to develop their products, build large scale manufacturing capacity and invest in sales and marketing infrastructure. The availability of capital to fund growth in 2022 and 2023 has constrained the ability to capitalize on market demand for product at Solectrac and Energica, as market demand for these offerings continues to increase. The Company is pursuing additional avenues to provide its businesses with the capital they require, including direct strategic external investments into its businesses to fund those businesses’ development and growth.

•The rate of adoption of EV mobility. The Company will continue to face the externally imposed pace of adoption of EV, which in 2022 and 2023 was negatively impacted by supply chain constraints and rising interest rates in an inflationary economic cycle. This affected large fleet operators and public sector transportation operations. The availability and accessibility of public sector incentives may continue to affect the demand level for product offerings by WAVE and US Hybrid.

•The impact of rising interest rates on financial service volume. The company has experienced a significant decline in 2022 and 2023 in its fintech sector as rising interest rates have significant reduced the volume of mortgage processing. The company flexes a highly variable cost structure in response, but cannot fully compensate for the magnitude of decline in industry activity with new service offerings and new channels to access customers.

Information about Segment Presentation

The Company’s chief operating decision maker has been identified as the chief executive officer, who reviews consolidated results when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance of the Company. The Company operates in one segment with two business units: Ideanomics Mobility and Ideanomics Capital. For the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023, the Company completed one acquisition.

In conjunction with an agreement executed in October 2022, the company has committed to spin out its ownership of Timios and Justly within twelve months. As discussed in Note 17, the company also amended the spin out rights in May 2023 and entered into an agreement to sell its entire interest in the Timios operations to YAII PN. Timios is a nationwide title and settlement solutions provider and as of and for the three months ended June 30, 2023 generated approximately $4.2 million in revenue and accounted for approximately $3.2 million of non-current assets. See Note 17 for further details related to the agreement. As noted above, the company closed on the sale of Timios in July 2023, at which time the company deconsolidated the operations of Timios and has reflected Timios as a discontinued operation.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and expenses and related disclosures. We base our estimates on historical experience, as appropriate, and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Changes in the accounting estimates are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. Accordingly, actual results could differ significantly from the estimates made by our management. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, our future financial statement presentation, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will be affected.

For a description of our critical accounting policies and estimates, refer to "Critical accounting policies and estimates" in Item 7 included in the Company’s 2022 Form 10-K.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Information regarding new accounting pronouncements is included in Note 2, New Accounting Pronouncements, to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continuing operations

Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		Amount Change		% Change
Revenue	$	8,183	$	9,385	$	(1,202)	(12.8)
Cost of revenue	7,494		9,875		(2,381)		(24.1)
Gross (loss) profit	689		(490)		1,179		n/m
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses	23,626		33,783		(10,157)		(30.1)
Research and development expense	3,408		680		2,728		n/m
Asset impairments	3,197		320		2,877		n/m
Depreciation and amortization	5,651		1,773		3,878		n/m
Total operating expenses	35,882		36,556		(674)		n/m
Loss from operations	(35,193)		(37,046)		1,853		n/m
Interest and other income (expense):
Interest income	151		827		(676)		(69.6)
Interest expense	(942)		(488)		(454)		72.5
Loss on disposal of investment	—		(41)		41		n/m
Other income, net	1,184		431		753		n/m
Loss before income taxes	(34,800)		(36,317)		1,517		(4.2)
Income tax benefit	467		124		343		n/m
Impairment of and equity in loss of equity method investees	—		(589)		589		n/m
Net loss from continuing operations	(34,333)		(36,782)		2,449		(6.7)
Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(2,756)		(2,491)		(265)		10.6
Net loss	(37,089)		(39,273)		2,184		(5.6)
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	(37,089)		(39,273)		2,184		(5.6)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	1,592		1,506		86		5.7
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	$	(35,497)	$	(37,767)	$	2,270	(6.0)

n/m = Not Meaningful - represents percentage changes, in terms of absolute value over 100%.

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Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		Amount Change		% Change
Revenue	$	13,837	$	11,615	$	2,222	19.1
Cost of revenue	13,267		12,968		299		2.3
Gross profit (loss)	570		(1,353)		1,923		n/m
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses	65,736		64,817		919		1.4
Research and development expense	8,033		1,694		6,339		n/m
Asset impairments	37,984		402		37,582		n/m
Depreciation and amortization	9,889		2,548		7,341		n/m
Other general expenses	(12,596)		(131)		(12,465)		n/m
Total operating expenses	109,046		69,330		39,716		57.3
Loss from operations	(108,476)		(70,683)		(37,793)		53.5
Interest and other income (expense):
Interest income	479		1,583		(1,104)		(69.7)
Interest expense	(2,265)		(1,067)		(1,198)		n/m
Gain on remeasurement of investment	—		10,965		(10,965)		n/m
Loss on disposal of investment	—		(188)		188
Other income, net	2,067		585		1,482		n/m
Loss before income taxes	(108,195)		(58,805)		(49,390)		84.0
Income tax benefit	3,382		339		3,043		n/m
Impairment of and equity in loss of equity method investees	—		(1,928)		1,928		n/m
Net loss from continuing operations	(104,813)		(60,394)		(44,419)		73.5
Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(18,168)		(7,970)		(10,198)		n/m
Net loss	(122,981)		(68,364)		(54,617)		79.9
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	(122,981)		(68,364)		(54,617)		79.9
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	3,167		2,086		1,081		51.8
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	$	(119,814)	$	(66,278)	$	(53,536)	80.8

n/m = Not Meaningful - represents percentage changes, in terms of absolute value over 100%.

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Revenues (in thousands)

	Three Months Ended								Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		Amount Change		% Change		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		Amount Change		% Change
EV products	$	2,534	$	3,857	$	(1,323)	(34.3)		$	4,638	$	4,947	$	(309)	(6.2)
EV services	348		5		343		n/m		361		6		355		n/m
Charging, batteries and powertrain products	3,183		956		2,227		n/m		3,443		1,210		2,233		n/m
Charging, batteries and powertrain services	—		338		(338)		n/m		30		790		(760)		(96.2)
Electric motorcycle products and services	2,112		4,150		(2,038)		(49.1)		4,885		4,529		356		7.9
Electric motorcycle sponsorship services	—		—		—		n/m		36		—		36		n/m
Other revenue	6		79		(73)		(92.4)		444		133		311		n/m
Total	$	8,183	$	9,385	$	(1,202)	(13)	%	$	13,837	$	11,615	$	2,222	19	%

n/m = Not Meaningful - represents percentage changes, in terms of absolute value over 100%.

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was $8.2 million as compared to $9.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, a decrease of $1.2 million. The decrease was primarily due to the decrease in revenue from EV products and electric motorcycle products and services. Revenue from EV products decreased from $3.9 million in the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $2.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $1.4 million. Revenue from electric motorcycle products and services decreased from $4.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $2.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $2.1 million. This decrease is offset by increased sales of charging, batteries and powertrain products which increased from $1.0 million in the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $3.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2023, an increase of $2.2 million.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $13.8 million as compared to $11.6 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, a increase of $2.2 million. The increase was primarily due to a large increase in revenue from charging, batteries and powertrain products.

Cost of revenues (in thousands)

	Three Months Ended							Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		Amount Change		% Change	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		Amount Change		% Change
EV products	$	2,292	$	4,016	$	(1,724)	(42.9)	$	3,654	$	5,199	$	(1,545)	(29.7)
EV services	4		2		2		n/m	23		2		21		n/m
Charging, batteries and powertrain products	2,159		2,519		(360)		(14.3)	2,520		3,525		(1,005)		(28.5)
Charging, batteries and powertrain services	58		299		(241)		(80.6)	272		719		(447)		(62.2)
Electric motorcycle products and services	2,090		2,958		(868)		(29.3)	5,805		3,392		2,413		71.1
Electric motorcycle sponsorship services	272		—		272		n/m	170		—		170		n/m
Other revenue	619		81		538		n/m	823		131		692		n/m
Total	$	7,494	$	9,875	$	(2,381)	(24.1)	$	13,267	$	12,968	$	299	2.3

n/m = Not Meaningful - represents percentage changes, in terms of absolute value over 100%.

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Cost of revenues was $7.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to $9.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, a decrease of $2.4 million. The decrease was mainly due to the cost of revenues from EV products which decreased from $4.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $2.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $1.7 million and the cost of revenues from electric motorcycle products and services which decreased from

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$3.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 to $2.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, a decrease of $0.9 million.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Cost of revenues was $13.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to $13.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $0.3 million. The increase was mainly due to the cost of revenues from electric motorcycle products and services which increased from $3.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $5.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023, an increase of $2.4 million. This was partially offset by a $1.5 million decrease in cost of revenues from EV products which decreased from $5.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and a $1.0 million decrease in cost of revenues from Charging, batteries and powertrain products which decreased from $3.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 to $2.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023

Gross profit (in thousands)

	Three Months Ended							Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		Amount Change		% Change	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		Amount Change		% Change
EV products	$	242	$	(159)	$	401	n/m	$	984	$	(252)	$	1,236	n/m
EV services	344		3		341		n/m	338		4		334		n/m
Charging, batteries and powertrain products	1,024		(1,563)		2,587		n/m	923		(2,315)		3,238		n/m
Charging, batteries and powertrain services	(58)		39		(97)		n/m	(242)		71		(313)		n/m
Electric motorcycle products and services	22		1,192		(1,170)		(98.2)	(920)		1,137		(2,057)		n/m
Electric motorcycle sponsorship services	(272)		—		(272)		n/m	(134)		—		(134)		n/m
Other revenue	(613)		(2)		(611)		n/m	(379)		2		(381)		n/m
Total	$	689	$	(490)	$	1,179	n/m	$	570	$	(1,353)	$	1,923	n/m

Gross profit ratio

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
EV products	9.6	%	(4.1)	%	21.2	%	(5.1)	%
EV services	98.9	%	60.0	%	93.6	%	66.7	%
Charging, batteries and powertrain products	32.2	%	(163.5)	%	26.8	%	(191.3)	%
Charging, batteries and powertrain services	—	%	11.5	%	(806.7)	%	9.0	%
Electric motorcycle products and services	1.0	%	28.7	%	(18.8)	%	25.1	%
Electric motorcycle sponsorship services	—	%	—	%	(372.2)	%	—	%
Other revenue	(10216.7)	%	(2.5)	%	(85.4)	%	1.5	%
Total	8.4	%	(5.2)	%	4.1	%	(11.6)	%

n/m = Not Meaningful - represents percentage changes, in terms of absolute value over 100%.

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended months ended June 30, 2022

The gross profit ratio for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was 8.4%, while for the three months ended June 30, 2022, it was (5.2)%. The increase was mainly due to the increased gross margin on charging, batteries and powertrain products and partially offset by the decreased gross margin on electric motorcycle products and services.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

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The gross profit ratio for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was 4.1%, while for the six months ended June 30, 2022, it was (11.6)%. The increase was mainly due to the increased gross margin on charging, batteries and powertrain products and partially offset by the decreased gross margin on electric motorcycle products and services.

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2023 were $23.6 million as compared to $33.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, an decrease of $10.2 million. The decrease is mainly driven by various cost saving effort, including the reduction of employee cost, consulting fee and legal cost.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2023 were $65.7 million as compared to $64.8 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $0.9 million. the increase is mainly driven by the increased consulting fee related to VIA acquisition, partially offset by the decreased salary, selling, marketing and other expense resulting from the cost saving effort.

Research and development expense

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

Research and development expense was $3.4 million in the three months ended months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to $0.7 million for the three months ended months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $2.7 million is mainly due to research and development expense incurred in VIA.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Research and development expense was $8.0 million in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to $1.7 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $6.3 million is mainly due to research and development expense incurred in VIA.

Impairment losses

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

In the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recorded impairment losses of $3.2 million related to right of use assets of properties that ceased to use. In the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded impairment losses of $0.3 million related to Energica assets.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

In the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recorded impairment losses of $27.4 million related to the settlement of VIA notes receivable, $6.9 million related to the VIA SAFE, and $3.2 million related to right of use assets of properties that ceased to use. In the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded impairment losses of $0.4 million which represents the impairment of the interest accrued of available for sale securities.

Depreciation and amortization

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

Depreciation and amortization for the three months ended months ended June 30, 2023 was $5.7 million as compared to $1.8 million for the three months ended months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $3.9 million. The increase was mainly due to the increased intangible assets amortization resulting from the VIA acquisitions.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Depreciation and amortization for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 was $9.9 million as compared to $2.5 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $7.4 million. The increase was mainly due to the increased intangible assets amortization resulting from the VIA and Energica acquisitions.

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Other general expense

Other general expense for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 was $(12.6) million as compared to $(0.1) million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $(12.5) million. the increase was mainly due to the income from VIA contingent consideration remeasurement .

Interest income

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

Interest income for the three months ended months ended June 30, 2023 was $0.2 million as compared to $0.8 million for the three months ended months ended June 30, 2022, an decrease of $0.6 million. The decrease was mainly due to due to less interest income incurred because of lower carrying value of the notes receivables in 2023. Interest is not accrued for notes receivable which are impaired.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Interest income for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 was $0.5 million as compared to $1.6 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, an decrease of $1.1 million. The decrease was mainly due to less interest income incurred because of lower carrying value of the notes receivables in 2023. Interest is not accrued for notes receivable which are impaired.

Interest expense

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

Interest expense increased $0.4 million to $0.9 million for the three months ended months ended June 30, 2023 from $0.5 million for the three months ended months ended June 30, 2022, The increase is mainly due to $0.2 million debt discount amortization related to YA II PN convertible debenture and higher financing cost and higher financing cost.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Interest expense increased $1.2 million to $2.3 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023, from $1.1 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. The increase is mainly due to $0.7 million debt discount amortization related to YA II PN convertible debenture and higher financing cost.

Gain on remeasurement of investment

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

The Company recorded a gain on remeasurement of investment of $11.0 million in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. This was a result of the remeasuring of the Company's previous investment in Energica to its fair value of the date the Company obtained the majority of the Energica shares outstanding and consolidated Energica.

Other income, net

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

Other income, net increased $0.8 million to $1.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, from $0.4 million for the three months ended months ended June 30, 2022. The increase mainly represents the $1.0 million gain from the sale of FNL.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Other income, net increased $1.5 million to $2.1 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 from $585 thousand for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, The increase mainly represents the $1.0 million gain from the sale of FNL.

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Income tax benefit.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

During the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023, the income tax benefit of $3.4 million consisted principally of $2.4 million from the reduction of the Company’s valuation allowance that resulted from the acquisition of VIA along with a $0.9 million benefit from the operation of VIA and $0.1 million from foreign operations.

During the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, the income tax benefit of $0.3 million from continuing operations, consisted principally $0.1 million of state income tax benefits for US subsidiaries and $0.2 million of foreign income tax benefits.

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, the income tax benefit of $0.3 million, principally related to the operations of VIA.

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the income tax benefit of $0.1 million, consisted principally foreign income tax benefits.

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Impairment of and equity in loss of equity method investees

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Equity in loss of equity method investees was $0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. This mainly represents the long term investment equity pickup, with no such equity pickup in 2023.

Equity in loss of equity method investees was $1.9 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. This mainly represents the long term investment equity pickup, with no such equity pickup in 2023.

Net loss from discontinued operations, net of tax

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

Net loss from discontinued operation was $2.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to a net loss of $2.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. The decrease is mainly due to the less loss incurred Timios

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Net loss from discontinued operation was $18.2 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 compared to a net loss of $8.0 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. The increase is mainly from the significant loss incurred in Timios in the first quarter of 2023 due to impairment charges.

Net loss attributable to common shareholders

Three months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2022

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests was $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to a net loss of $1.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. It is mainly from Energica and Tree Technology.

Six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022

Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests was $3.2 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 compared to a net loss of $2.1 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. It is mainly from Energica and Tree Technology.

Restructuring of PRC Operations

On September 12, 2022, the Board authorized management to pursue a plan to restructure the current electric vehicle resale activities in China. While the current operational activities will decline in scale during 2023, the company will continue to source materials from Chinese suppliers through its procurement team in China and evaluate opportunities for the sale of current Ideanomics' subsidiaries technologies in China. We believe that this change in the scope of activities in China will result in a significant reduction in the number of operating entities, a simplification of the legal entity structure and a pivot to margin expansion opportunities.

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company recorded charges of $1.0 million and $1.2 million in connection with its restructuring actions and selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively. The restructuring charges consist of employee termination costs of $1.0 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Employee termination benefits were recorded based on statutory requirements, completed negotiations and Company policy.

As of June 30, 2023 China had completed all expected run-off activities and consequently was classified as a discontinued operation. For further details, please refer to Note 1 in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

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a.Table of Contents

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had cash of $11.8 million with $2.9 million in continuing operations and $8.9 million in discontinued operations. Approximately $7.6 million was held in accounts outside of the United States, primarily in Italy and the PRC.

Due to the strict regulations governing the transfer of funds held in the PRC to other jurisdictions, the Company does not consider funds held in its PRC entities to be available to fund operations and investment outside of the PRC and consequently does not include them when evaluating the liquidity needs of its businesses operating outside of the PRC.

Timios holds various regulatory licenses related to its business as a title insurance agency and is required to hold a minimum cash balance of $2.0 million. As a broker-dealer, JUSTLY has minimum capital requirements. JUSTLY had cash of $0.3 million as of June 30, 2023, which was necessary for JUSTLY to meet its minimum capital requirements. The agreement of the Company’s partner in this entity is required prior to disbursement of this entity’s funds for certain defined expenditures.

The following table provides a summary of net cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(38,823)	$	(82,369)
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,260)		(76,317)
Net cash provided by (used) financing activities	30,984		(24,420)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(59)		(1,249)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	(10,158)		(184,355)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	21,929		269,863
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	11,771	$	85,508
Less: Cash of discontinued operations at end of period	$	8,876	$	16,675
Cash and restricted cash of continuing operations at end of period	$	2,895	$	68,833

Operating Activities

Cash used in operating activities was $38.8 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to cash used in operating activities of $82.4 million in six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. The primary reasons for the year-over-year difference are: (1) an increase in net loss to $104.8 million in the current period as compared to a net loss of $60.4 million in the same period of 2022, and (2) total non-cash adjustments increase (decrease) to net loss was $44.2 million and $0.7 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively; (3) total changes in operating assets and liabilities resulted in $29.4 million and $(16.9) million in cash used in operating activities for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $2.3 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023, which was primarily due to expenditures incurred for the acquisition of debt securities. Cash used in investing activities was $76.3 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, which was primarily due to expenditures incurred for the acquisition of Energica and debt securities.

Financing Activities

In the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023, the Company received $31.0 million from financing activities versus repaid $24.4 million in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. The company received $5.7 million by issuing convertible notes in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to $0.0 million generated in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. The Company received $4.0 million from exercises of warrants and stock options and issuance of common stock during the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023, as compared to $0.0 million in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. In the period ended June 30, 2023, the Company made a repayment of $2.0 million to settle a related party loan and $4.0 million to revolving line of credit. In the period ended June 30, 2023, the Company received $9.9 million from issuance of preferred stock, $2.0 million from borrowing from related party, $8.7 million from borrowing from third party, and $3.6 million from revolving line of credit.

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a.Table of Contents

The Company is currently focused on raising capital through the divestiture of business components and assets. Please refer to Note 1 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further details on the sale of Timios, potential sale of Energica, Wave Technologies, Solectrac and US Hybrid, in addition to the wind down of China, Justly and Tree Technologies.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Off-balance sheet arrangements are obligations the Company has with nonconsolidated entities related to transactions, agreements or other contractual arrangements. The Company holds interests in investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The Company does not control these investments and therefore does not consolidate them.

The Company does not have other off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on the Company’s financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity or capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to an investor in its securities.

Seasonality

The Company expects that orders and sales in its Ideanomics Mobility business unit will be influenced by the amount and timing of budgeted expenditure by its customers. Typically, the Company would expect to see higher sales at the start of the year when companies start executing on their capital programs and at the end of the year when companies are spending any surplus or uncommitted budget before the new budget cycle commences. Additionally, some of the products in this business unit (e.g. motorcycles, tractors) also experience some seasonality due to weather conditions, with fewer sales in the winter due to cold weather, and increased sales in the spring and summer. The Company’s operating businesses are in the early stage of their development and consequently do not have sufficient trading histories to project seasonal buying patterns with any degree of confidence.

Orders and sales in our Ideanomics Capital business unit will principally be influenced by changes in interest rates and the resulting impact on in the U.S. housing market particularly as it relates to purchases of homes and the refinancing of existing mortgages which are central to our Timios business.

OUTLOOK

The Company has two distinct business units, Ideanomics Mobility and Ideanomics Capital. Each is focused on the growth opportunity, fueled by technological and legislative disruption, taking place in the electric vehicle industry. Ideanomics Mobility has as its mission the acceleration of commercial adoption of electric vehicles. Ideanomics Capital focuses on providing a range of financing programs in support of the sale of EVs and associated charging and energy storage systems by Ideanomics Mobility. The Company believes these two business units provide an opportunity for the Company to benefit from the value creation that can be achieved in the short, medium, and long-term through establishing competitive products and services which can enable the capture of market share sufficient to sustain profitable operations.

Ideanomics Mobility

The Ideanomics Mobility business unit seeks to accelerate the commercial adoption of electric vehicles. The Company’s EV and technology acquisitions during 2023, 2022 and 2021 completed the foundation for its EV, and energy and charging services offering. This integrated offering helps support business progress toward its mission of offering fleet operators a range of vehicles and associated charging systems through a single procurement partner.

The Company believes its largest addressable market opportunity is local and last-mile delivery vehicles and associated charging products. The Company’s vehicles and charging systems will provide fleet operators with confidence that EV can confidently deliver what their business requires, affordably and reliably. The local delivery market is expected to continue to grow at a fast pace, as more retailers seek to offer greater convenience to customers.

Additionally, due to market conditions across the EV industry, Ideanomics Management believes that the aggregate intrinsic value of its subsidiaries exceeds the current public market capitalization. This valuation discrepancy, as observed by the Company, is based on internal and external assessments of the underlying businesses and their potential for growth and profitability. In line with this perspective and in the best interest of enhancing shareholder value, the Company is actively considering inbound inquiries and working with outside advisors for direct strategic investment into, and the potential divestment of some of these subsidiary entities.

In pursuing the above-described strategy, the Company expects the additional capital from direct strategic investment and divestment to strengthen its financial position and enable its continued focus on the large addressable market opportunity in

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a.Table of Contents

local and last-mile delivery, and be prepared to capture market share as customer interest increases in the market, with a continued focus on the company’s key pillars: Vehicles, Charging, and Energy.

At the operating business level, further investment is planned to support continuous technology and product development and the associated manufacturing and assembly expansion to support increasing demand and revenue achievement.

Macroeconomic conditions, global supply chain slowdowns and shipping constraints continue to present challenges at each of the operating companies within the Ideanomics Mobility business unit.

Ideanomics Capital

Ideanomics Capital provides a range of financing programs in support of the sale of EVs and associated charging and energy storage systems by Ideanomics Mobility. Some of these finance programs are disruptive, subscription-based, models which are new-to-market offerings designed to help commercial fleet operators absorb the cost of transitioning to EV by removing CapEx costs as a barrier to entry. The company anticipates continuing the provision of resources and expertise for the development of these financing programs, which will underpin sales and revenues of Ideanomics Mobility. We call these financing programs CaaS and VaaS, and MaaS when combined, and they form part of our Ideanomics Mobility offering to commercial fleet operators.

Environmental Matters

The Company is subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations governing, among other things, hazardous materials, environmental contamination and the protection of the environment. We have made, and expect to make in the future, expenditures to comply with such laws and regulations, but cannot predict the full amount of such future expenditures. We may also incur fines and penalties from time to time associated with noncompliance with such laws and regulations.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to market risk for changes in interest rates applicable to our cash and cash equivalents. We had cash and cash equivalents totaling $2.9 million as of June 30, 2023. Any cash and cash equivalents invested primarily in money market and like funds and are not invested for trading or speculative purposes. However, due to the short term nature and the low-risk profile of the money market funds, we do not believe a sudden increase or decrease in market interest rates would have a material effect on the fair market value of our business. In addition, The Company had $6.2 million of fixed rate 4.0% convertible debt outstanding as of June 30, 2023. These debt obligations are not currently subject to fluctuations in interest rates, although in the event of issuance of new debt, such debt could be subject to changes in interest rates.

Foreign Currency Risk

The Company has operations in a number of foreign countries and sources components for its US manufacturing operations internationally; consequently, the Company is subject to foreign currency risk. This risk is composed of both potential losses from the translation of foreign currency financial statements, the remeasurement of foreign currency transactions and increased raw material costs for components purchased in foreign currencies. Related to these, risks, a hypothetical change of 10% in currency rates could result in an adjustment to the income statement of approximately $7.4 million. Actual results may differ.

While our exposure to foreign exchange risk is not currently material to us, we expect to grow our international revenues in the future, and any future potential exposure to foreign exchange fluctuations may present a material risk to our business. We recorded foreign currency exchange losses of $0.2 million and $3.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures,

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as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded as of June 30, 2023 that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective in ensuring that material that we are required to disclose in such reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2023, which have materially affected or would likely materially affect our internal control over financial reporting. The Company continues to invest resources in order to upgrade internal controls.

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a.Table of Contents

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For a description of the Company’s legal proceedings, see Note 16, Commitments and Contingencies, to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

We face a number of significant risks and uncertainties in connection with our operations. For a description of applicable risk factors, please refer to Part I, Item 1A: “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. No material change in the risk factors discussed in such Form 10-K has occurred. Such risk factors do not identify all risks that we face because our business operations could also be affected by additional factors that are not presently known to us or that we currently consider to be immaterial to our operations. Our business operations could also be affected by additional factors that apply to all companies operating in the U.S. and globally.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the period covered by this report, other than those that were previously reported in the Company’s Current Reports on Form 8-K.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

There were no defaults upon senior securities during the period covered by this report.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

Not applicable.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No.	Description
3.1	Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended to date [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on March 30, 2012]
3.2	Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, adopted on January 31, 2014 [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on February 6, 2014]
3.3	Amendment No. 1 to the Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, adopted on March 26, 2015 [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on March 30, 2015]
3.4	Amendment No. 2 to the Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, adopted on November 20, 2015. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on November 24, 2015]
3.5	Amendment No. 3 to the Second Amended and Restated Bylaws, adopted November 10, 2021 [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-35561) filed on November 23, 2021]
3.6	Certificate of Designation of Series A Preferred Stock [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-35561) filed on August 23, 2010]
3.7	Certificate, Amendment or Withdrawal of Designation, relating to the Series B Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada on November 16, 2022. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on November 18, 2022]
3.8	Certificate, Amendment or Withdrawal of Designation, relating to the Series C Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada on November 16, 2022. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on November 18, 2022]
3.9	Certificate, Amendment or Withdrawal of Designation, relating to the Series D Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada on November 16, 2022. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on November 18, 2022]
3.10	Certificate, Amendment or Withdrawal of Designation, relating to the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock, filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada on November 16, 2022. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on November 18, 2022]
3.11	Certificate of Designation of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock of Ideanomics, Inc. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on November 18, 2022]
3.12	Certificate of Designation of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on February 1, 2023].
10.1	Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement dated October 25, 2022, as amended as of March 30, 2023 and further amended as of April 4, 2023. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on April 5, 2023]
10.2	Secured Convertible Debenture dated March 30, 2023, as amended as of April 4, 2023.[incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on April 5, 2023]
10.3	Stock Purchase Agreement dated April 14, 2023. incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on April 20, 2023]
10.4	Second Amended and Restated Option Agreement dated April 17, 2023. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on April 20, 2023]
10.5	Second Amended and Restated Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement dated October 25, 2022, as amended most recently as of April 17, 2023. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on April 20, 2023]
10.6	Secured Debenture dated April 17, 2023. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on April 20, 2023]
10.7	Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of May 1, 2023. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on May 8, 2023]
10.8	Third Amendment to the Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement dated as of May 1, 2023. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on May 8, 2023]
10.9	Secured Debenture dated May 1, 2023. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on May 8, 2023]
10.10	Assignment and Assumption Agreement for Transfer of Limited Partnership Interest, dated June 9, 2023. [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-35561) filed on June 12, 2023]
31.1*	Certifications of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

58

a.Table of Contents

31.2*	Certifications of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1**	Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2**	Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101)

_____________________________________________

*Filed herewith

**Furnished herewith

† Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

59

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

IDEANOMICS, INC.

Date: August 25, 2023	By:	/s/ Scott Morrison
		Scott Morrison
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

60

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PERIODIC REPORT UNDER SECTION 302 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Alfred P. Poor certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ideanomics, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 25, 2023	By:	/s/ Alfred P. Poor
	Name:	Alfred P. Poor
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PERIODIC REPORT UNDER SECTION 302 OF

THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Scott Morrison certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Ideanomics, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 25, 2023	By:	/s/ Scott Morrison
	Name:	Scott Morrison
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, I,

Alfred P. Poor, Chief Executive Officer of Ideanomics, Inc. (the “Company”), hereby certify, that, to my knowledge:

1.The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2023 (the “Report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.Information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of the Company.

Date: August 25, 2023.

By:	/s/ Alfred P. Poor
Name:	Alfred P. Poor
Title:	Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906

OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, I, Stephen E. Johnston, Chief Financial Officer of Ideanomics, Inc. (the “Company”), hereby certify, that, to my knowledge:

1.The Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2023 (the “Report”), fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2.Information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of the Company.

Date: August 25, 2023.

By:	/s/ Scott Morrison
Name:	Scott Morrison
Title:	Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Cover - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Aug. 23, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-35561
Entity Registrant Name	IDEANOMICS, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	NV
Entity Tax Identification Number	20-1778374
Entity Address, Address Line One	1441 Broadway
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 5116
Entity Address, City or Town	New York
Entity Address, State or Province	NY
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	10018
City Area Code	212
Local Phone Number	206-1216
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock, $0.001 par value per share
Trading Symbol	IDEX
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		11,993,068
Entity Central Index Key	0000837852
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 2,895	$ 3,759
Accounts receivable, net	6,556	5,783
Contract assets	373	3,579
Amount due from related parties	108	386
Notes receivable from third parties, net	42	31,653
Inventory, net	22,925	27,600
Prepaid expenses	9,535	10,382
Other current assets	3,237	5,592
Current assets of discontinued operations	15,089	25,304
Total current assets	60,760	114,038
Property and equipment, net	11,029	8,650
Intangible assets, net	150,652	43,624
Goodwill	51,237	37,775
Operating lease right of use assets	14,702	14,385
Long-term investments	0	7,500
Other non-current assets	3,147	2,825
Non-current assets of discontinued operations	1,110	14,004
Total assets	292,637	242,801
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	57,737	28,022
Accrued salaries	9,663	7,328
Accrued expenses	3,381	2,842
Deferred revenue	2,759	2,110
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	3,383	3,189
Convertible note due to third party	6,212	3,928
Current contingent consideration	827	867
Other current liabilities	13,300
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	10,886	8,764
Total current liabilities	119,519	76,861
Promissory note due to third parties	1,819	1,957
Operating lease liabilities - long term	14,093	11,347
Non-current contingent liabilities	60,721	0
Deferred tax liabilities	3,677	2,511
Other long-term liabilities	1,457	1,634
Non-current liabilities of discontinued operations	828	1,928
Total liabilities	202,114	96,238
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
Equity
Common stock	1,408	597
Additional paid-in capital	1,068,697	1,004,082
Accumulated deficit	(986,596)	(866,450)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,185)	(6,104)
Total Ideanomics, Inc. stockholders' equity	78,324	132,125
Non-controlling interest	802	4,326
Total equity	79,126	136,451
Total liabilities, convertible redeemable preferred stock, and equity	292,637	242,801
Related Party
Current liabilities
Promissory note due - short term	2,123	2,021
Other current liabilities	2,279	2,152
Nonrelated Party
Current liabilities
Promissory note due - short term	7,003	5,814
Other current liabilities	13,266	9,824
Series A Preferred Stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock	1,262	1,262
Series B Preferred Stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock	5,310	8,850
Series C Preferred Stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock	$ 4,825	$ 0

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Equity
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	12,000,000	12,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	11,264,709	4,786,290
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	10,976,787	4,786,289.768
Series A Preferred Stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	7,000,000	7,000,000
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	7,000,000	7,000,000
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, liquidation and deemed liquidation preference	$ 3,500	$ 3,500
Series B Preferred Stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	20,000,000	10,000,000
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	6,000,000	10,000,000
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Series C Preferred Stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	1,159,276	0
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	1,159,276	0
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	2,000,000	2,000,000.0

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Total revenue	$ 8,183	$ 9,385	$ 13,837	$ 11,615
Total cost of revenue	7,494	9,875	13,267	12,968
Gross (loss) profit	689	(490)	570	(1,353)
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses	23,626	33,783	65,736	64,817
Research and development expense	3,408	680	8,033	1,694
Asset impairments	3,197	320	37,984	402
Depreciation and amortization	5,651	1,773	9,889	2,548
Other general expenses	0	0	(12,596)	(131)
Total operating expenses	35,882	36,556	109,046	69,330
Loss from operations	(35,193)	(37,046)	(108,476)	(70,683)
Interest and other income (expense):
Interest income	151	827	479	1,583
Interest expense	(942)	(488)	(2,265)	(1,067)
Gain on remeasurement of investment	0	0	0	10,965
Loss on disposal of investment	0	(41)	0	(188)
Other income, net	1,184	431	2,067	585
Loss before income taxes	(34,800)	(36,317)	(108,195)	(58,805)
Income tax benefit	467	124	3,382	339
Impairment of and equity in loss of equity method investees	0	(589)	0	(1,928)
Net loss from continuing operations	(34,333)	(36,782)	(104,813)	(60,394)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(2,756)	(2,491)	(18,168)	(7,970)
Net loss	(37,089)	(39,273)	(122,981)	(68,364)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest	1,592	1,506	3,167	2,086
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	$ (35,497)	$ (37,767)	$ (119,814)	$ (66,278)
Basic, loss per share from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ (3.19)	$ (8.86)	$ (12.59)	$ (14.65)
Diluted, loss per share from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	(3.19)	(8.86)	(12.59)	(14.65)
Basic, loss per share from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	(0.27)	(0.63)		(2.00)
Diluted, loss per share from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	(0.27)	(0.63)		(2.00)
Basic loss per share (in dollars per share)	(3.46)	(9.49)	(14.84)	(16.65)
Diluted loss per share (in dollars per share)	$ (3.46)	$ (9.49)	$ (14.84)	$ (16.65)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	10,271,290	3,982,340	8,071,870	3,980,619
Diluted (in shares)	10,271,290	3,982,340	8,071,870	3,980,619
Sale of products
Total revenue	$ 7,828	$ 8,888	$ 12,964	$ 10,529
Total cost of revenue	6,298	9,438	11,979	12,005
Sale of services
Total revenue	349	418	429	953
Total cost of revenue	577	356	465	832
Other revenue
Total revenue	6	79	444	133
Total cost of revenue	$ 619	$ 81	$ 823	$ 131

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED) (Parentheticals) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Total revenue	$ 8,183	$ 9,385	$ 13,837	$ 11,615
Total cost of revenue	7,494	9,875	13,267	12,968
Related Party
Total revenue	0	0	4	0
Sale of products
Total revenue	7,828	8,888	12,964	10,529
Total cost of revenue	6,298	9,438	11,979	12,005
Sale of products | Related Party
Total cost of revenue	$ 0	$ 0	$ 37	$ 0

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net loss	$ (37,089)	$ (39,273)	$ (122,981)	$ (68,364)
Other comprehensive income, net of nil tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(536)	(9,012)	825	(7,803)
Comprehensive loss	(37,625)	(48,285)	(122,156)	(76,167)
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest	1,991	3,385	3,261	3,681
Comprehensive loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	$ (35,634)	$ (44,900)	$ (118,895)	$ (72,486)

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Unaudited) (Parentheticals) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0	$ 0

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle	Ideanomics Shareholders’ equity	Ideanomics Shareholders’ equity Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in  Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Deficit Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Non- controlling Interest
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021					3,978,180
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 365,368		$ 363,027		$ 497	$ 968,066	$ (605,758)		$ 222	$ 2,341
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	2,355		2,355			2,355
Common stock issuance for professional fee (in shares)					2,800
Common stock issuance for professional fee	435		435		$ 1	434
Tax withholding paid for net share settlement of equity awards	(83)		(83)			(83)
Common stock issued under employee stock incentive plan (in shares)					1,000
Common stock issued under employee stock incentive plan	66		66			66
Deconsolidation of subsidiary	(236)									(236)
Acquisition of Energica	24,778									24,778
Net loss	(29,092)		(28,512)				(28,512)			(580)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	1,209		925						925	284
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022					3,981,980
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2022	364,800		338,213		$ 498	970,838	(634,270)		1,147	26,587
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021					3,978,180
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	365,368		363,027		$ 497	968,066	(605,758)		222	2,341
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(7,803)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022					3,981,980
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022	319,427		296,471		$ 498	973,701	(672,037)		(5,691)	22,956
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021					3,978,180
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 365,368		363,027		$ 497	968,066	(605,758)		222	2,341
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	4,786,289.768				4,781,930
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 136,451	$ (332)	132,125	$ (332)	$ 597	1,004,082	(866,450)	$ (332)	(6,104)	4,326
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Accounting standards update, extensible enumeration	Accounting Standards Update 2016-13 [Member]
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022					3,981,980
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 364,800		338,213		$ 498	970,838	(634,270)		1,147	26,587
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	2,863		2,863			2,863
Common stock issuance for acquisition	49									49
Net loss	(39,273)		(37,767)				(37,767)			(1,506)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(9,012)		(6,838)						(6,838)	(2,174)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022					3,981,980
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022	$ 319,427		296,471		$ 498	973,701	(672,037)		(5,691)	22,956
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	4,786,289.768				4,781,930
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 136,451	(332)	132,125	(332)	$ 597	1,004,082	(866,450)	(332)	(6,104)	4,326
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	2,470		2,470			2,470
Dividend accrued for Preferred Stock Series B	(214)		(214)			(214)
Preferred stock series B warrants	(17,402)		(17,402)			(17,402)
Common stock issuance for acquisition (in shares)					1,011,372
Common stock issuance for acquisition	26,308		26,308		$ 126	26,182
Common stock issuance for professional fee (in shares)					234,239
Common stock issuance for professional fee	3,377		3,377		$ 29	3,348
Tax withholding paid for net share settlement of equity awards (in shares)					21,359
Tax withholding paid for net share settlement of equity awards	(354)		(354)		$ 3	(357)
Common stock issuance for preferred stock Series B conversion (in shares)					392,157
Common stock issuance for preferred stock Series B conversion	8,850		8,850		$ 49	8,801
Share issuance pertinent to SEPA (in shares)					885,733
Share issuance pertinent to SEPA	15,157		15,157		$ 111	15,046
RSUs issued to employees (in shares)					4,800
RSUs issued to employees	0				$ 1	(1)
Net loss	(85,892)		(84,317)				(84,317)			(1,575)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	1,361		1,056						1,056	305
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023					7,331,590
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 89,780		86,724		$ 916	1,041,955	(951,099)		(5,048)	3,056
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	4,786,289.768				4,781,930
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 136,451	$ (332)	132,125	$ (332)	$ 597	1,004,082	(866,450)	$ (332)	(6,104)	4,326
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$ 825
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023	10,976,787				11,264,709
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2023	$ 79,126		78,324		$ 1,408	1,068,697	(986,596)		(5,185)	802
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023					7,331,590
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2023	89,780		86,724		$ 916	1,041,955	(951,099)		(5,048)	3,056
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Share-based compensation	1,816		1,816			1,816
Dividend accrued for Preferred Stock Series B	(130)		(130)			(130)
Common stock issuance for series B preferred stock warrants exercise (in shares)					3,191,555
Common stock issuance for warrants exercise	17,516		17,516		$ 399	17,117
Warrants expiration	1,037		1,037			1,037
Common stock issuance for professional fee (in shares)					173,542
Common stock issuance for professional fee	1,058		1,058		$ 22	1,036
Common stock issuance for preferred stock Series B conversion (in shares)					280,422
Common stock issuance for preferred stock Series B conversion	3,540		3,540		$ 35	3,505
Share issuance pertinent to SEPA (in shares)					167,600
Share issuance pertinent to SEPA	897		897		$ 21	876
RSUs issued to employees (in shares)					120,000
RSUs issued to employees	1,500		1,500		$ 15	1,485
Non-controlling shareholders withdraw	(263)									(263)
Net loss	(37,089)		(35,497)				(35,497)			(1,592)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$ (536)		(137)						(137)	(399)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023	10,976,787				11,264,709
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2023	$ 79,126		$ 78,324		$ 1,408	$ 1,068,697	$ (986,596)		$ (5,185)	$ 802

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (122,981)	$ (68,364)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(18,168)	(7,970)
Net loss from continuing operations	(104,813)	(60,394)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities
Share-based compensation expense	5,786	5,218
Depreciation and amortization	10,480	2,548
Noncash lease expense	1,542	1,853
Non-cash interest income	(15)	(1,394)
Allowance for doubtful accounts	0	559
Income tax benefit	(3,382)	(338)
Issuance of common stock for professional fees	4,356	951
Other (income) expense	150	(99)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration	(12,946)	(131)
Impairment losses	37,984	402
Foreign currency exchange losses	223	0
Impairment of and equity in losses of equity method investees	0	1,928
Loss on disposal of subsidiary	0	180
Gain on remeasurement of investment	0	(10,965)
Change in assets and liabilities (net of amounts acquired):
Accounts receivable	(1,048)	(1,812)
Inventory	4,724	(8,343)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	8,327	(6,517)
Accounts payable	15,814	6,727
Deferred revenue	548	383
Amount due to related parties	404	(6)
Accrued expenses, salary and other current liabilities	607	(7,374)
Net cash used in operating activities from continuing operations	(31,259)	(76,624)
Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations	(7,564)	(5,745)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	(38,823)	(82,369)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisition of property and equipment	(136)	(3,362)
Acquisition of intangible asset	0	(469)
Disposal of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed	0	(417)
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired	831	(54,889)
Proceeds from selling available for sales securities	0	337
Investment in debt securities	(2,900)	(12,800)
Investments in long-term investment	0	(127)
Notes receivable from related party	0	(1,000)
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations	(2,205)	(72,727)
Net cash used in investing activities from discontinued operations	(55)	(3,590)
Net cash used in investing activities	(2,260)	(76,317)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issuance of shares, stock options and warrants	4,026	0
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes	5,650	0
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock	9,850	0
Borrowings from related parties	2,000	0
Borrowings from third parties	8,700	279
Proceeds from revolving line of credit	3,550	0
Repayments to third parties	(986)	0
Principal payments on revolving line of credit	(3,995)	0
Repayment of convertible notes	0	(24,664)
Proceeds from noncontrolling interest shareholder	0	49
Tax withholding paid for net share settlement of equity awards	0	(84)
Payment of finance lease obligations	(106)	0
Repayments to related parties	(2,000)	0
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities from continuing operations	26,689	(24,420)
Net cash provided by financing activities from discontinued operations	4,295	0
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	30,984	(24,420)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(59)	(1,249)
Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(10,158)	(184,355)
Cash, beginning of period - continuing operations	3,759	234,181
Cash, beginning of period - discontinued operations	18,170	35,682
Total cash, beginning of period	21,929	269,863
Total cash, end of period	11,771	85,508
Cash, end of period - continuing operations	2,895	68,833
Cash, end of period - discontinued operations	8,876	16,675
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for income tax	41	159
Cash paid for interest	348	1,188
Issuance of shares for acquisition	26,308	0
Issuance of shares for repayment of convertible note and accrued interest	16,054	0
Purchases of property and equipment with unpaid costs accrued in accounts payable	867	0
Purchases of intangibles with unpaid costs accrued in accounts payable	49	0
Issuance of shares for preferred stock conversion	12,390	0
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$ 644	$ 0

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Unaudited Interim Financial Statements

The consolidated financial statements of the Company, including the consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2023, the consolidated statements of operations, the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, the consolidated statements of equity, and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, as well as other information disclosed in the accompanying notes, are unaudited. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. The interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed on March 30 2023.

The interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations for the periods presented. The consolidated results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or for any other future years or interim periods.

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for comparative purposes to conform to the current-period financial statement presentation.

Discontinued Operations

During the second quarter of 2023, our business components Timios and China met the criteria for classification as discontinued operations and are no longer presented as continuing operations. Assets and liabilities associated with these components are presented in our consolidated balance sheets as Discontinued Operations. The results of operations related to these components are included in the consolidated statements of operations as "Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax." The cash flows of these components are also presented separately in our consolidated statements of cash flows. All corresponding prior year periods presented in our financial statements and related information in the accompanying notes have been reclassified to reflect the Discontinued Operations presentation.

On July 25, 2022, we completed the sale of the Timios Operations for cash proceeds of $450,000 (net of $150,000 in transactions costs paid for by the buyer) and the extinguishment of outstanding payables to YA PN II of $2.4 million. There was no material gain or loss on the sale of the Timios operations. As of June 30, 2023, the China business component completed all commercial vehicle resale activities and does not expect to generate material revenues prior to the wind up of the legal entities in China.

The following table summarizes the operating results of the discontinued operations for the periods indicated:

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Total revenue	$	5,456	$	24,817	$	10,366	$	47,978
Cost of revenue	4,377		22,839		9,736		45,116
Gross profit	1,079		1,978		630		2,862
Selling and administrative expenses	3,900		4,967		8,035		11,028
Depreciation and amortization	2		509		274		1,019
Asset impairments	116		251		9,442		251
Other operating costs	10		42		10		42
Operating loss	(2,949)		(3,791)		(17,131)		(9,478)
Non-operating income (expense)	141		1,277		(1,158)		1,322
Income tax benefit	52		23		121		186
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	(2,756)	$	(2,491)	$	(18,168)	$	(7,970)

The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities of the Discontinued Operations included in the consolidated balance sheets for the periods indicated:

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	8,876	$	18,169
Accounts Receivables, net	152		72
Inventory, net	—		647
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	6,061		6,416
Current assets of discontinued operations	15,089		25,304
Property and equipment, net	—		423
Intangible assets, net	6		9,144
Operating lease right of use assets	1,046		1,594
Other noncurrent assets	58		2,843
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations	$	1,110	$	14,004
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	5,099	$	5,523
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	491		893
Other current liabilities	5,296		2,348
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	10,886		8,764
Operating lease liabilities – long term	828		926
Deferred tax liabilities	—		489
Other noncurrent liabilities	—		513
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations	$	828	$	1,928

Assets Held for Sale

During the second quarter of 2023, our business components Energica, Solectrac, Wave Technologies and US Hybrid (the “held for sale businesses”) met the criteria for classification as assets held for sale and discontinued operations. However, as the held for sale businesses comprise the substantial majority of assets, liabilities, revenues and operating costs of the company’s continuing operations and the period of time over which the disposal events are expected to occur, we have continued to present these operations as continuing operations. We believe this provides more relevant information in the primary financial statements. While these assets are classified as held for sale as we assess active third-party interest, we do not anticipate the sale of all of these businesses. For those that we do decide to sell, it is expected that the majority of the balances attributable to the held for sale businesses will not be divested until 2024.

The following table summarizes the operating results of the held for sale businesses for the periods indicated:

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Total revenue	$	8,138	$	9,345	$	13,664	$	11,559
Cost of revenue	7,469		9,845		13,212		12,926
Gross profit	669		(500)		452		(1,367)
Selling and administrative expenses	9,500		12,160		19,060		19,075
Depreciation and amortization	1,363		1,483		2,712		1,979
Asset impairments	148		321		148		333
Other operating costs	815		679		1,558		1,500
Operating loss	$	(11,157)	$	(15,143)	$	(23,026)	$	(24,254)

The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities of the held for sale businesses included in the consolidated balance sheets for the periods indicated:

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,994	$	2,156
Accounts Receivables, net	6,540		5,753
Inventory, net	22,352		27,031
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	9,582		14,492
Current assets of businesses held for sale	40,468		49,432
Property and equipment, net	7,594		7,194
Intangible assets, net	41,990		43,599
Goodwill	38,217		37,775
Operating lease right of use assets	9,498		10,169
Other noncurrent assets	2,672		2,664
Noncurrent assets of businesses held for sale	$	99,971	$	101,401
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	21,162	$	21,748
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	2,092		2,134
Other current liabilities	18,931		17,784
Current liabilities of businesses held for sale	42,185		41,666
Operating lease liabilities – long term	7,689		8,162
Deferred tax liabilities	2,512		2,648
Other noncurrent liabilities	3,227		3,543
Noncurrent liabilities of businesses held for sale	$	13,428	$	14,353

Balance Sheet View if Excluding the Held for Sale Businesses Noted Above

While the sale of the businesses noted above is contingent on the ability to reach a mutually acceptable price with an unrelated arms-length buyer, in the event these business components are divested in the next twelve months, the company will experience a material change in the assets its owns and operates. The following table presents a balance sheet as of June 30, 2023 as if the sale of Energica, Wave Technologies, Solectrac and US Hybrid were complete and such businesses were presented as discontinued operations. In this event, the balance sheet below would reflect the assets and liabilities of the parent company Ideanomics, Inc. and VIA Motors as the sole remaining continuing operations in that hypothetical situation. However, the balance sheet below presents historical financial information and does not include cash or other assets we would receive from the sale of the businesses held for sale, nor does it show any liabilities that may be reduced or discharged with cash received. Additionally, as described above, we may decide not to sell one or more of the businesses held for sale.

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	901	$	1,603
Accounts Receivables, net	15		30
Inventory, net	573		569
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,712		37,099
Current assets of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	55,559		74,737
Total current assets	60,760		114,038
Property and equipment, net	3,434		1,455
Intangible assets, net	108,662		25
Goodwill	13,020		—
Operating lease right of use assets	5,204		4,217
Other noncurrent assets	477		7,660
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	101,080		115,406
Total assets	$	292,637	$	242,801
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	49,619	$	16,445
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	1,291		1,055
Other current liabilities	15,538		8,931
Current liabilities of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	53,071		50,430
Total current liabilities	119,519		76,861
Operating lease liabilities – long term	6,404		3,185
Deferred tax liabilities	1,164		(137)
Non current contingent Liabilities	60,721		—
Other noncurrent liabilities	50		53
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	14,256		16,276
Total liabilities	202,114		96,238
Series A	1,262		1,262
Series B	5,310		8,850
Series C	4,825		—
Equity:
Common stock	1,408		597
Additional paid-in capital	1,068,697		1,004,082
Accumulated deficit	(986,596)		(866,450)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,185)		(6,104)
Total Ideanomics, Inc. shareholder’s equity	78,324		132,125
Non-controlling interest	802		4,326
Total equity	79,126		136,451
Total liabilities, convertible redeemable preferred stock and equity	$	292,637	$	242,801

Significant Accounting Policies

For a detailed discussion of Ideanomics’ significant accounting policies, refer to Note 2 — “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in Ideanomics’ condensed consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2022 Form 10-K.

Inventory

Inventories, which include the costs of material, labor and overhead, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost generally computed on a FIFO basis. Electronic motorcycle inventories are stated on a specific identification method. Estimated losses from obsolete and slow-moving inventories are recorded to reduce inventory values to their estimated net realizable value and are charged to costs of revenue. At the point of loss recognition, a new cost basis for that inventory is established and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in a recovery in carrying value.

The composition of inventory is as follows (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Raw materials	$	7,887	$	12,782
Work in progress	11,626		10,868
Finished goods	14,142		9,518
Inventory Reserve	(10,730)		(5,568)
Total	$	22,925	$	27,600

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the carrying amount of inventories serving as collateral for short-term borrowing agreements is $4.4 million and $6.1 million respectively.

Revenue

The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. For most of the Company’s customer arrangements, control transfers to customers at a point in time, as that is generally when legal title, physical possession and risk and rewards of goods/services transfer to the customer. In certain arrangements, control transfers over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits as the Company completes the performance obligations.

Our contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, revenue is allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Standalone selling prices are based on the observable prices charged to customers or adjusted market assessment or using expected cost-plus margin when one is available. Adjusted market assessment price is determined based on overall pricing objectives taking into consideration market conditions and entity specific factors.

The Company performs an analysis of the relevant terms of its sales contracts, including whether or not it controls the product prior to sale, whether or not it incurs inventory risk, and other factors in order to determine if revenue should be recorded as a principal or agent. Revenues recognized in a principal capacity are reported gross, while revenues recognized as an agent are reported net.

Certain customers may receive discounts or rebates, which are accounted for as variable consideration. Variable consideration is estimated based on the expected amount to be provided to customers, and initially reduces revenues recognized.

The Company records deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance, including amounts which are refundable.

The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. The Company expenses as incurred any commissions or other fees which, if capitalizable, would have an amortization period of less than one year.

Product Warranties

Certain of the Company’s products are sold subject to standard product warranty terms, which generally include post-sales support and repairs or replacement of a product at no additional charge for a specified period of time. Accruals for estimated expenses related to product warranties are made at the time revenue is recognized and are recorded as a component of costs of revenue. The Company estimates the liability for warranty claims based on standard warranties, the historical frequency of claims and the cost to replace or repair products under warranty. Factors that influence the warranty liability include the number of units sold, the length of warranty term, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and the cost per claim. The warranty liability as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is $1.0 million and $0.6 million, respectively, and is included in “Other long-term liabilities” within the consolidated balance sheets.

VIE Structures and Arrangements

VIA was identified as a VIE in consideration of the aggregate funding provided since August 2021 through the acquisition date of January 31, 2023. Prior to entering into the Merger Agreement, on June 7, 2021, the Company and VIA entered into a SAFE for an amount of $7.5 million which is recorded in Long-term investments as a cost method investment for the period ended December 31, 2022. Prior to January 31, 2023, VIA is not consolidated as the Company did not participate in the design of VIA, does not have significant influence over VIA to make management decisions, did not have any representation on the VIA’s board and did not provide more than half of the total equity. Subsequent to the acquisition of VIA on January 31, 2023, the results of operations and financial position of this VIE are included in the consolidated financial statements for period ended June 30, 2023.Refer to Note 5.

Liquidity and Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern and in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The going concern basis of presentation assumes that the Company will continue in operation one year after the date these financial statements are issued and will be able to realize its assets and discharge its liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. Pursuant to the requirements of the ASC 205, management must evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the date these financial statements are issued.

This evaluation does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans that have not been fully implemented or are not within control of the Company as of the date the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt exists under this methodology, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued, and (2) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. (3) The Company breached at least two covenants, including making timely SEC filings and a minimum stock purchase from the Company’s officers or directors, although Yorkville has not asserted either breach and has since extended additional loan amounts to the Company.

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $11.8 million, with $2.9 million reported in continuing operations and $8.9 million in discontinued operations. Cash held in China is $5.6 million and is subject to local foreign exchange regulations in that country. In addition, cash balances in discontinued operations included $3.3 million held by Timios, which balances were derecognised upon sale in July 2023 and cash balances were assumed by the buyer in this transaction. The company has initiated a formal process to repatriate cash funds located in China and in Q2 successfully repatriated $7.0 million. This process is not subject to local foreign exchange regulations rather is subject to the other administrative regulatory applications and approvals. The Company also had accounts payable and accrued expenses of $70.8 million, other current liabilities of $13.3 million, operating lease payments due within the next twelve months of $3.4 million, and payments of short-term and long-term debt due within the next twelve months of $15.3 million. The Company had a net loss of $119.8 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, and an accumulated deficit of $986.6 million.

The Company believes that its current level of cash and cash equivalents are not sufficient to fund continuing operations, including VIA, which acquisition was closed by the company on January 31, 2023. The Company will need to bring in new

capital to support its growth and, as evidenced from its successful capital raising activities in 2022 and 2021, believes it has the ability to continue to do so. However, there can be no assurance that this will occur.

The Company has no remaining available and committed equity funding vehicles. As our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 and June 30, 2023 were not filed timely, we will not be Form S-3 eligible until August 25, 2024, which could make fund raising more difficult or more expensive. Management continues to seek to raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, mezzanine or debt securities. As we seek additional sources of financing, there can be no assurance that such financing would be available to us on favorable terms or at all. Our ability to obtain additional financing in the debt and equity capital markets is subject to several factors, including market and economic conditions, our performance and investor sentiment with respect to us and our business and industry. These factors individually and collectively raise doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, our independent auditors have included in their report on our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022, a paragraph related to the existence of substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company has continued to incur net losses and negative cash flows from operating and investing activities in the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, consistent with its business plan for ongoing activities. As of the date of the filing of this Form 10-Q, securing additional financing is in progress as management’s actions to preserve an adequate level of liquidity for a period extending twelve months from the date of the filing of this Form 10-Q continue to be insufficient on their own without additional financing to mitigate the conditions raising substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. We currently do not have adequate cash to meet our short or long-term needs. In the event additional capital is raised, it may have a dilutive effect on our existing stockholders.

The Company’s ability to raise capital is critical. The company has raised approximately $31.1 million, since the beginning of the first quarter 2023, including the sale of preferred shares, issuance of a convertible note, and the sale of shares under the SEPA. The company's primary actions to raise capital are currently focused on divestiture of a number of business components (please refer to Note 1, "Discontinued Operations" for further details). These divestitures, if successful, may take up to twelve months to close and fund.

Although management continues to raise additional capital through a combination of debt financing, other non-dilutive financing and/or equity financing to supplement the Company’s capitalization and liquidity, management cannot conclude as of the date of this filing that its plans are probable of being successfully implemented.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

We believe substantial doubt exists about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for twelve months from the date of issuance of our financial statements.

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New Accounting Pronouncements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]

New Accounting Pronouncements

New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, to require financial assets carried at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected based on historical experience, current conditions and forecasts. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, to clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are within the scope of lease accounting standards. Further, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, ASU No. 2019-05, ASU 2019-10, ASU 2019-11, ASU 2020-02 and ASU 2020-03 to provide additional guidance on the credit losses standard. ASU 2019-10 deferred the effective date of ASU 2016-13 to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, for public entities which meet the definition of a smaller reporting company on the date the ASU was issued.

Adoption of the ASUs is on a modified retrospective basis. We adopted the ASUs on January 1, 2023. The Company recorded $0.3 million impact to the retained earning. This ASU applies to all financial assets including loans, trade receivables and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, which will require companies to apply the definition of a performance obligation under ASC Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue)

relating to contracts with customers that are acquired in a business combination. Under current U.S. GAAP, an acquirer generally recognizes assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, including contract assets and contract liabilities arising from revenue contracts with customers, at fair value on the acquisition date. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU prospectively on January 1, 2023. This ASU has not and is currently not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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Revenue

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

Revenue

The following table summarizes the Company’s revenues disaggregated by geography and major revenue source (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Geographic Markets
North America	$	6,490	$	5,202	$	9,889	$	7,036
Asia	10		33		32		50
Europe	1,683		4,150		3,916		4,529
Total	$	8,183	$	9,385	$	13,837	$	11,615
Product or Service
EV products	$	2,534	$	3,857	$	4,638	$	4,947
EV services	348		5		361		6
Electric motorcycle products and services	2,112		4,150		4,885		4,529
Electric motorcycle sponsorship services	—		—		36		—
Charging, batteries and powertrain products	3,183		956		3,443		1,210
Charging, batteries and powertrain services	—		338		30		790
Other revenue	6		79		444		133
Total	$	8,183	$	9,385	$	13,837	$	11,615

In the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized revenue of $0.1 million and $0.8 million recorded in deferred revenue as of the beginning of the periods, respectively. In the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recognized revenue of $0.1 million and $0.8 million recorded in deferred revenue as of the beginning of the periods, respectively.

In the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded grant revenue of $0.0 million and $0.1 million, respectively. In the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded grant revenue of $0.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively, in "Other revenue" in the consolidated statements of operations.

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Notes Receivable from Third Parties

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Receivables [Abstract]

Notes Receivable from Third Parties

Notes Receivable from Third Parties

The following table shows the composition of notes receivable, net of reserves (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Green Power Motor Company	$	42	$	45
VIA	—		31,608
	$	42	$	31,653

The following table summarizes the activity related to the notes receivable reserve (in thousands):

Balance at December 31, 2022	$	60,513
Increase	27,400
Write-offs	(76,313)
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	177
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	11,777
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	(41)
Balance at June 30, 2023	11,736

Write-offs during the six months ended June 30, 2023 of $76.3 million were driven by the completion of the VIA acquisition as of January 31, 2023 and the notes value extended to VIA Motors prior to the closing of the acquisition were adjusted at the time of the acquisition to reflect the value attributable to the credits included in the closing statement. VIA notes receivable, including additional funding of $0.8 million on January 17, 2023, were settled and included in the consideration transferred at fair value as discussed in Note 5 for $5.2 million.

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Acquisitions and Divestitures

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Acquisitions and Divestitures

Acquisitions and Divestitures

The Company continually evaluates potential acquisitions that align with the Company’s strategy of accelerating the adoption of EVs. The Company has completed a number of acquisitions that have been accounted for as purchases and have resulted in the recognition of goodwill in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. This goodwill arises because the purchase prices for these businesses exceeds the fair value of acquired identifiable net assets due to the purchase prices reflecting a number of factors including the future earnings and cash flow potential of these businesses, the multiple to earnings, cash flow and other factors at which similar businesses have been purchased by other acquirers, the competitive nature of the processes by which the Company acquired the businesses and the complementary strategic fit and resulting synergies these businesses bring to existing operations.

For all acquisitions, the Company makes an initial allocation of the purchase price at the date of acquisition based upon its understanding of the fair value of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities. The Company obtains the information used for the purchase price allocation during due diligence and through other sources. In the months after closing, as the Company obtains additional information about the acquired assets and liabilities, including through tangible and intangible asset appraisals, and learns more about the newly acquired business, it is able to refine the estimates of fair value and more accurately allocate the purchase price.

The fair values of acquired intangibles are determined based on estimates and assumptions that are deemed reasonable by the Company. Significant assumptions include the discount rates and certain assumptions that form the basis of the forecasted results of the acquired business including earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, revenue, revenue growth rates, royalty rates and technology obsolescence rates. These assumptions are forward looking and could be affected by future economic and market conditions. The Company engages third-party valuation specialists who review the Company’s critical assumptions and calculations of the fair value of acquired intangible assets in connection with significant acquisitions.

Only facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date are considered for subsequent adjustment. The Company will make appropriate adjustments to the purchase price allocation prior to completion of the measurement period, as required. The Company has included tables for the respective acquisitions by calendar year below. Where a purchase price allocation is considered final this has been disclosed respectively.

In addition to evaluating potential acquisitions, the Company may divest certain businesses from time to time based upon review of the Company’s businesses considering, among other items, factors relative to the extent of strategic and technological

alignment and optimization of capital deployment, in addition to considering if selling the businesses results in the greatest value creation for the Company and for shareholders. Details and the impacts of any dispositions are noted below.

2023 Acquisition

VIA Acquisition

On January 31, 2023, the company closed the acquisition of VIA, pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Merger Agreement. In closing, the company acquired all outstanding shares of VIA in exchange for the issuance of 1.1 million common shares, and 1.2 million convertible preferred shares (at a ratio of 0.16:1 to common) and the settlement of loans advanced to VIA prior to closing with a settlement value of $5.7 million. As of June 30, 2023, the company has issued 1.0 million common shares and 1.2 million convertible preferred shares. The remaining considered owed to selling shareholders has been recorded as a liability in the amount of $2.3 million and is presented in "other current liabilities." It is expected that this will be satisfied through the issuance of shares based on the settlement statement prepared at closing. In addition, the VIA selling shareholders will be entitled to receive up to $180.0 million in convertible preferred shares upon the satisfaction of earn out provisions included in the Amended and Restated Merger agreement.

The following table summarizes the fair value of the consideration transferred and the estimated fair values of the major classes of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. The recorded amounts for assets acquired and liabilities assumed are provisional and subject to change during the measurement period for certain items including the valuation of separately identified intangibles

(Dollars in thousands)	January 31, 2023
Fair value of consideration transferred:
Common shares	$	28,617
Preferred shares	4,825
SAFE note	581
Secured convertible note	5,165
Contingent consideration	73,627
Purchase price	$	112,815
Allocated to:
Current assets	1,757
Property and equipment, net	2,315
Operating lease right of use assets	5,064
Intangible assets – development technology	104,200
Intangible assets – trademark and tradename	11,410
Goodwill	13,020
Other assets	—
Current liabilities	(16,940)
Deferred tax liability	(4,227)
Other liabilities	(3,784)
Fair value of assets acquired, less liabilities assumed	$	112,815

The useful lives of the intangible assets acquired is as follows:

	January 31, 2023
Intangible assets – development technology	20
Intangible assets – trademark and tradename	20
Weighted average	20

The estimated amortization expense related to these intangible assets for each of the years subsequent to June 30, 2023, is as follows (amounts in thousands):

2023 remaining	$	9,821
2024	14,591
2025	12,487
2026	10,709
2027	9,178
Thereafter	53,212
Total	$	109,998

Amortization expense related to intangible assets created as a result of the VIA acquisition for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 was $7.0 million.

The goodwill from the VIA acquisition represents future economic benefits that we expect to achieve as a result of the VIA acquisition. Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets acquired and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized. The goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill will not be amortized but instead will be tested for impairment at least annually and more frequently if certain indicators of impairment are present.

Revenue of $29,000 and net loss $14.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 have been included in the consolidated financial statements.

Unaudited Pro forma Financial Information

The unaudited pro forma results presented below include the effects of the Company’s acquisitions as if the acquisitions had occurred on January 1, 2022. The Company filed an Amended Form 8-K on July 3, 2023 to disclose unaudited pro forma financial information, and explanatory notes, related to the acquisition of VIA as it met the criteria of a significant acquisition. The Energica acquisition did not meet the criteria of a significant acquisition, in aggregate or individually.

The pro forma adjustments are based on historically reported transactions by the acquired companies. The pro forma results do not include any material, nonrecurring adjustments directly attributable to the 2021 Acquisitions or the Energica acquisition. The pro forma results do not include any anticipated synergies or other expected benefits of the acquisitions. The unaudited pro forma financial information below is not necessarily indicative of either future results of operations or results that might have been achieved had the acquisitions occurred on January 1, 2022.

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
(Amounts in thousands, except per share and share data)
Total revenue	$	8,183	$	9,406	$	13,838	$	11,655
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	(35,497)		(57,911)		(82,808)		(88,714)

2022 Acquisition

The Company has completed the below acquisition in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the operations of the acquired entity from its respective acquisition dates. The acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination.

Energica Acquisition

On March 3, 2021, the Company entered into an investment agreement with Energica to acquire 20.0% of Energica share capital. On September 15, 2021, the Company announced it had entered into an agreement to launch a voluntary conditional tender offer in concert with the founders of Energica for shares of Energica, pursuant to which Ideanomics plans to increase its investment from 20.0% in Energica to 72.4%. The Energica founders shall continue to own approximately 27.6% of Energica.

On February 9, 2022, the Company wired €52.5 million (approximately $60.3 million USD) to an escrow account in order to facilitate and fund the conditional tender offer. On March, 7, 2022, the Company announced that it had achieved the 90.0% threshold for the conditional tender offer. The transaction received final approval from Italian regulatory authorities and closed on March 14, 2022.

Acquisition Method Accounting

The final purchase price allocation for Energica was $58.1 million including $2.0 million in cash obtained through the acquisition. The purchase price was paid in cash and funded from available cash resources. The table below summarizes the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition of Energica.

In conjunction with the acquisition of Energica, the Company remeasured the 20.0% previously accounted for as an equity method investment. The fair value measurement is based on significant inputs to include discounted cash flow analyses that are not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820. The Company determined the enterprise value using external specialists in support of the preliminary purchase price allocation referenced in the table below. The Company used this enterprise value to remeasure the previous equity investment by stepping up the value of the 20.0% equity ownership to reflect the proceeds paid to gain control of Energica. This remeasurement resulted in a gain of $11.0 million recorded in the six months ended June 30, 2022, this was recorded in "Gain on remeasurement of investment", in our consolidated statement of operations.

The fair value of the 27.6% non-controlling interest in Energica is estimated to be $24.8 million. The fair value measurement is based on significant inputs to include discounted cash flow analyses that are not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement as defined in ASC 820. The Company determined the enterprise value using external specialists in support of the preliminary purchase price allocation referenced in the table below. The Company used this enterprise value to remeasure the previous non-controlling interest by stepping up the value of the non-controlling interest less a discount for lack of marketability. The discount for the lack of marketability was calculated by external specialists using a Finnerty model.

(Dollars in thousands)	March 14, 2022
Cash paid at closing, including working capital estimates	$	58,140
Fair value of previously held interest	22,183
Fair value of non-controlling interest	24,778
Purchase price	$	105,101
Allocated to:
Current assets	$	19,708
Property and equipment, net	1,927
Intangible assets –Customer relationships	14,226
Intangible assets – Development technology	18,603
Intangible assets – Trademark and trade name	14,496
Goodwill	60,394
Other assets	1,024
Current liabilities	(16,894)
Other liabilities	(8,383)
Fair value of assets acquired, less liabilities assumed	$	105,101

The useful lives of the intangible assets acquired is as follows:

	March 14, 2022
Intangible assets – customer relationships	13.0
Intangible assets – development technology	8.0
Intangible assets – trademark and tradename	25.0
Weighted average	14.7

The estimated amortization expense related to these intangible assets for each of the years subsequent to June 30, 2023, is as follows (amounts in thousands):

2023 remaining	$	2,976
2024	3,967
2025	3,967
2026	3,967
2027	3,967
Thereafter	23,658
Total	$	42,502

Amortization expense related to intangible assets created as a result of the Energica acquisition for the six months ended months ending June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively was $1.0 million and $0.4 million.

The goodwill from the Energica acquisition represents future economic benefits that we expect to achieve as a result of the Energica acquisition, Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets acquired and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. Goodwill will not be amortized but instead will be tested for impairment at least annually and more frequently if certain indicators of impairment are present.

Revenue of $2.8 million and $0.4 million and net loss of $4.5 million and $0.8 million for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, have been included in the consolidated financial statements.

Dispositions

Fiducia (wholly owned subsidiary of Timios) Stock Purchase Agreement

On May 1, 2023, the Company, Timios and Timios Acquisition, LLC (the “Buyer”) (an affiliate of YA II PN) entered into and consummated a Stock Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which Seller sold to the Buyer 100% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock of its subsidiary, Fiducia, for a purchase price of $3.0 million (the “Purchase Price”). At the closing, the Buyer delivered to the Seller Parties (i) the Purchase Price minus (1) the $250,000 outstanding under the Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2022, by and between the Parent and YA II PN, minus (2) the $1,400,000 outstanding under the secured debenture, dated as of March 30, 2023, by and between the Company and YA II PN, minus (3) $750,000 outstanding under the secured debenture, dated as of April 17, 2023, by and between the Company and YA II PN, and minus (4) any applicable taxes. The purchase agreement closed on July 25, 2023 at which time $0.45 million in cash was received by the company(net of $0.15 million in transaction expenses paid for by YA II PN and $2.40 million in loans owed by the company to YA II PN were extinguished. Timios was classified as discontinued operations as of June 30, 2023, please refer to Note 1 "Discontinued Operations" for further information.

SSE

Refer to Note 11 for further discussion of this related party transaction.

2023 and 2022 Transaction Costs

Transaction costs describe the broad category of costs the Company incurs in connection with signed and/or closed acquisitions. Transaction costs include expenses associated with legal, accounting, regulatory, and other transition services rendered in connection with acquisition, travel expense, and other non-recurring direct expenses associated with acquisitions.

•The Company incurred transaction costs of $11.7 million during the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 related to VIA acquisition.

•The Company incurred transaction costs of $0.6 million during the six months ended months ended June 30, 2022, related to the Energica acquisition.

Transaction costs have been included in "Selling, general and administrative expenses" in the consolidated statements of operations and in cash flows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

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Restructuring

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring

Restructuring

On September 12, 2022, the Board authorized management to pursue a plan to restructure the current EV resale activities in China. While the current operational activities will decline in scale during 2023, the company will continue to source materials from Chinese suppliers through its procurement team in China and evaluate opportunities for the sale of current Ideanomics' subsidiaries technologies in China. We believe that this change in the scope of activities in China will result in a significant reduction in the number of operating entities, a simplification of the legal entity structure and a pivot to margin expansion opportunities.

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company recorded charges of $1.0 million and $1.2 million in connection with its China restructuring actions on the consolidated balance sheet. The restructuring charges consist of employee termination costs of $1.0 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Employee termination benefits were recorded based on statutory requirements, completed negotiations and Company policy.

In the second quarter of 2023, the Company decided to wind down Tree Technology business, Accordingly the Company recorded employee termination cost of $0.5 million related to Tree Technology wind-down.

The following table summarizes the charges in connection with its employee termination cost (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	1,056	$	—
Increase/(decrease)	689		—
Payment	$	(242)	$	—
Balance at the end of the period	$	1,503	$	—

As of June 30, 2023 China had completed all expected run-off activities and consequently was classified as a discontinued operation. For further details, please refer to Note 1 in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. Tree Technology is still in the winding down process and was included int he continuing operation.

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Property and Equipment, net

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment, net

Property and Equipment, net

The following table summarizes the Company’s property and equipment (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Furniture and office equipment	$	2,256	$	1,985
Vehicle	775		1,189
Leasehold improvements	3,700		4,181
Shop equipment	4,532		3,204
Total property and equipment	11,263		10,559
Less: accumulated depreciation	(3,004)		(1,909)
	8,259		8,650
Construction in progress	2,770		—
Property and equipment, net	$	11,029	$	8,650

The Company recorded depreciation expense of $0.7 million and $0.6 million, which have been included in "Cost of revenue from sales of products" and "Depreciation and amortization" in the consolidated statements of operations, for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively and $1.4 million and $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

A reporting unit is the level at which goodwill is tested for impairment, and is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment, if certain criteria are met. Under its current corporate structure, the Company has one operating segment and eight reporting units.

Goodwill

The following table summarizes changes in the carrying amount of goodwill (in thousands):

Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	37,775
Goodwill acquired during the year (a)	13,020
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	442
Balance as of June 30, 2023	$	51,237

(a) Refer to Note 5 for discussion of VIA acquisition.

Intangible Assets

The following tables summarize information regarding amortizing and indefinite lived intangible assets (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	Intangible before impairment		Accumulated amortization		Accumulated impairment charge		Net balance
Definite lived intangible assets*
Patents, trademarks and brands	21.4	$	26,357	$	(1,327)	$	—	$	25,030
Customer relationships	13.2	14,100		(1,446)		—		12,654
Licenses	3.9	105		(23)		—		82
Software	2.6	132		(57)		—		75
Technology	17.8	122,636		(9,850)		—		112,786
Total		163,330		(12,703)		—		150,627
Indefinite lived intangible assets
Website name		25		—		—		25
Total		$	163,355	$	(12,703)	$	—	$	150,652

	December 31, 2022
	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Accumulated impairment charge		Net  balance
Definite lived intangible assets*
Patents, trademarks and brands	$	14,734	$	(660)	$	—	$	14,074
Customer relationships	13,937		(824)		—		13,113
Licenses	141		(16)		—		125
Software	2,981		(667)		(2,299)		15
Technology	18,225		(1,953)		—		16,272
Total	50,018		(4,120)		(2,299)		43,599
Indefinite lived intangible assets
Website name	25		—		—		25
Total	$	50,043	$	(4,120)	$	(2,299)	$	43,624

*excludes intangible assets fully amortized or written off in prior period

As discussed in Note 17, update for purchase agreement discussion and impairment considerations. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $8.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Amortization expense relating to intangible assets was $5.2 million and $1.7 million for the three month ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively and $9.1 million and $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table summarizes the expected amortization expense for the following years (in thousands):

	Amortization to be recognized
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	14,567
2024	18,748
2025	16,634
2026	14,732
2027	13,154
2028 and thereafter	72,792
Total	$	150,627

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Debt

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt

Debt

The following table summarizes the outstanding promissory notes as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

		June 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Interest Rate	Principal Amount		Carrying Amount		Principal Amount		Carrying Amount
YA II PN Convertible Debenture	8.0%	$	250	$	256	$	4,442	$	3,928
YA II PN Convertible Debenture first amendment	8.0%	1,400		1,429		—		—
YA II PN Convertible Debenture second amendment	8.0%	750		762		—		—
YA II PN Convertible Debenture third amendment	8.0%	4,130		3,765		—		—
Tillou promissory note	22.0%	2,000		2,123		2,000		2,021
Therese promissory note	22.0%	1,200		1,215		—		—
Commercial Insurance Premium Finance	6%	142		142		992		992
SBA PPP due April 10, 2025	1.0%	172		172		219		219
Other lending agreements	0.1%-11.8%	7,292		7,292		6,561		6,561
Total		$	17,336	17,156		$	14,214	13,721
Less: Current portion				(15,336)				(11,764)
Long-term Note, less current portion				$	1,820			$	1,957

The weighted average interest rate for these borrowings is 9.6% and 8.1% as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The Company breached at least two covenants, including making timely SEC filings and a minimum stock purchase from the Company’s officers or directors. Yorkville has not asserted either breach and has since extended additional loan amounts to the Company.

New debt transactions executed by the Company during the six months ended June 30, 2023 are as follows:

(a) YA II PN Convertible Debenture

On March 30, 2023, the Company entered into the first Amendment to the SDPA. YA II PN purchased an additional debenture with substantially the same terms in the principal amount of $1.4 million. The Company also entered the first amendment to the option agreement as a condition precedent to the purchase of $1.4 million of convertible securities under the SDPA, The Company and Timios have granted YA II PN an option, exercisable after May 30, 2023, to purchase from the Company an amount of shares of common stock of Timios representing seventy percent (70%) of the then issued and outstanding Timios Common Stock on a Fully-Diluted Basis at the time the Call Right is effected or seventy percent (70%) of the then issued and outstanding Fiducia Common Stock on a Fully-Diluted Basis at the time the Call Right is effected. Pursuant to the Amended Option Agreement, if YA II PN exercises the Call Right, the aggregate purchase price shall be $2.5 million.

On April 17, 2023, the Company entered into the second amendment to the SDPA and option agreement. YA II PN purchased an additional debenture with substantially the same terms in the principal amount of $0.8 million. The Company also entered the second amendment to the option agreement as a condition precedent to the purchase of $0.8 million of convertible securities under the SDPA. Tthe Company and Timios have granted YA II PN an option (the “Call Right”), exercisable after May 30, 2023, to purchase (a) from the Company an amount of shares of common stock of Timios representing one hundred percent (100%) of the then issued and outstanding common stock of Timios on a Fully-Diluted Basis (as defined therein) at the time the Call Right is effected, or (b) from Timios one hundred percent (100%) of the then issued and outstanding common stock of Fiducia on a Fully-Diluted Basis at the time the Call Right is effected. Pursuant to the Amended Option Agreement, if YA II PN exercises the Call Right, the aggregate purchase price shall be $3.5 million.

On May 1, 2023, the Company entered into the third amendment to the SDPA. YA II PN purchased an additional debenture with substantially the same terms in the principal amount of $4.1 million for a purchase price of $3.5 million,

with the subsequent amendments, the maturity date is extended to November 1, 2023

The Company recognized interest expense related to the YA II PN convertible debenture of $0.5 million and $0.8 million, including of debt discount amortization for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company repaid $4.2 million of principal and interest using the proceeds from SEPA.

(b) Tillou promissory note due on demand after 4/20/2023

Refer to Note 11 for further discussion of this related party transaction.

(c) Therese promissory note due on 6/6/2023

Refer to Note 11 for further discussion of this related party transaction.

The Company also entered other short term and long term borrowing agreements. These instruments provide working capital for the operations through the combination of accounts receivable factoring, line of credits, vendor financing programs and other secured asset-based lending arrangements. The total unused line of credit is $0.9 million and $0.4 million as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

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Convertible Preferred Stock

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Convertible Preferred Stock

Convertible Preferred Stock

Significant convertible preferred stock transactions during the three months ended June 30, 2023 are as follows:

Convertible Preferred Stock Series C

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Board authorized 2.0 million shares of Preferred Stock Series C. Each share of Preferred Stock Series C shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time, at the office of the Company or any transfer agent for such stock, into 0.16 shares of common stock, and redeemable at a stated dollar amount upon a merger/consolidation/change in control.

Upon the occurrence of a liquidation event, the holders of shares of Preferred Stock Series C then outstanding shall be entitled to be paid out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders, whether from capital, surplus or earnings, an amount per share equal to $0.1804, as may be adjusted from time to time plus all accrued, but unpaid dividends, whether declared or not.

As of June 30, 2023, 1,159,276 shares of Preferred Stock Series C were issued. The Preferred Stock Series C shareholders shall be entitled to one vote per common stock on an as-converted basis and are only entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by the Board.

Convertible Preferred Stock Series B

The third closing with Acuitas was held on February 2, 2023, at which time 10.0 million shares of Preferred Stock Series B and 10.0 million warrants were purchased and at the price of $10.0 million. The fair value of the warrants is $2.3 million based on binomial lattice model and recorded on the "Additional paid-in capital" on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31 2022. Acuitas converted 14.0 million shares of Preferred Stock Series B into 0.7 million shares of common stock during the six months ended June 30, 2023. Between March 6, 2023 and May 2, 2023, Ideanomics received a total of 10 cashless exercise notices for a total of 96.7 million warrants requesting an aggregate number of 3.2 million common shares be issued pursuant to the cashless exercise notices. This is inconsistent with the 20 million warrants specified in the agreement. The company has considered whether to pursue litigation on this matter and decided not to purse litigation but to try and complete the agreement and close the relationship with Acuitas considering the court issued a preliminary injunction order on March 31, 2023 requiring Ideanomics to comply with the cashless exercise notices received from Acuitas in March, As a result, the Company recorded $18.6 million warrant liabilities. During the six month ended June 30, 2023, the Company issued 3.2 million shares for warrant cashless exercise, the remaining warrant liabilities $1.0 million was reversed to APIC because unexercised warrants were relinquished.

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Related Party Transactions

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Related Party Transactions [Abstract]

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions

(a)Transactions with Dr. Wu and his affiliates

Dr. Wu

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has receivables of $0.2 million, respectively, due from Dr. Wu, the former Chairman of the Company, and his affiliates recorded in “Amounts due from related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has payables of $0.7 million, respectively, due to Dr. Wu, the former Chairman of the Company, and his affiliates recorded in “Amounts due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets.

Service agreement with SSSIG

The Company entered a consulting service agreement with SSSIG on April 20, 2021 for the period from April 1, 2021 through June 30, 2021 for $0.4 million. The service agreement includes employment transfer, financial transition, corporate documents handover, legal representative and board member change for the Company's subsidiaries and affiliates. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $0.4 million in “Amount due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets.

(b) Stock purchase consideration payable due to FNL

On April 20, 2021, Ideanomics entered into a stock purchase agreement with FNL, pursuant to which Ideanomics made an investment into FNL. The unpaid consideration of $0.1 million is recorded in the “Amount due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

(c) Amounts due from and due to Glory

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company has payables of $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively, due to Glory as a result of the transactions incurred in 2020 and is recorded in “Amount due to related parties” in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(d) Receivable due from Tree Technology minority shareholders

In the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company entered $10.5 million senior convertible note with Tree Technology and fully converted this note into Tree Technology equity, $0.3 million of this capital contribution is used to settle the previous receivable due from Tree Technology minority shareholders., which was recorded in "Amounts due from related parties" in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022.

(e) Transactions with Energica management and their affiliates

Energica management stock options

The Company loaned $1.8 million to Energica senior management to exercise their stock options during the three months ended March 31 2022. In the second quarter of 2022, the Company purchased 0.8 million shares from options exercised for an additional $1.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2022. The total of the disbursements, $3.1 million, is considered part of the purchase price of Energica.

Materials and services from CRP Meccanica S.r.l., CRP Service S.r.l. and CRP Technology S.r.l.

Energica has purchased $0.1 million and $0.2 million of material and services from three entities owned by one of its senior management team during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30 2022, respectively, The outstanding payable as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, with these three entities is $1.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively, and recorded in “Amounts due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets.

Lease agreement with EMCH S.r.l.

Energica entered a lease agreement with EMCH S.r.l., an entity owned by one of its senior management team. The lease period

is from February 1, 2023 through January 31, 2029. This lease agreement is reflected in the consolidated balance sheets and statement of operations as follows (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
Operating lease right of use assets	$	305
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	47
Operating lease liabilities - long term	258
Selling, general and administrative expenses	27

(f) Promissory notes with Tillou

On December 13, 2022, the Company entered into a promissory note with Tilllou in the amount of $2.0 million. Tillou is an entity controlled by Vince McMahon, the father of our Executive Chairman. The principal and interest is payable on demand any time after January 15, 2023. The note bears interest at a rate of 20% per annum. The Company granted to the Noteholder a security interest in the secured collateral. The subordinate agreement among the Company, Tillou and YA PN II agreed to subordinate YA PN II’s security interest in the Inobat Note to Tillou’s security interest up to an aggregate of $2.4 million, subject to the other provisions. The Company recorded the note in “Amounts due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2022. The Company repaid the principal and the accrued interest of less than $0.1 million on January 13, 2023.

On March 19, 2023, the Company entered into a promissory note with Tilllou in the amount of $2.0 million. The principal and interest is payable on demand any time after April 20, 2023. The note bears interest at a rate of 20% per annum. If any amount payable under the Note is not paid when due, such overdue amount shall bear interest at the Interest Rate plus 2%. The Company granted to the Noteholder a security interest in a purchase obligation of YA II PN, Ltd as collateral. The Company recorded the note in “Amounts due to related parties” in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2023.

(f) Promissory notes with Therese Lee Carabillo

On April 6, 2023, the Company entered into a secured negotiable promissory note with Therese Lee Carabillo in the amount of $1.0 million. The maturity date is June 6 2023. the applicable interest rate is 20% . If any amount payable under the Note is not paid when due, such overdue amount shall bear interest at the applicable interest rate plus 2%. Our Executive Chairman provided the personal guarantee of the note The Company recorded the note in “Promissory note due to third parties” in the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2023.

(g) Disposal of SSE

On February 9, 2022, the Company transferred its 51.0% interest in SSE to Fan Yurong, a current shareholder of SSE, for a nominal amount. The Company recognized a disposal loss of $0.2 million as a result of the deconsolidation of SSE and such loss was recorded in “Other income, net” in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company is not involved in the operations of SSE after the disposal and is no longer considered a related party subsequent to disposition.

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Share-Based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Share-Based Compensation

Share-Based Compensation

As of June 30, 2023, the Company had 0.2 million options and 0.1 million RSUs outstanding.

The Company awards common stock and stock options to employees, consultants, and directors as compensation for their services. Stock option awards to employees, consultants, and directors are recorded by the Company pursuant to the provisions of ASC 718. For the options with market conditions, the fair value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using Monte-Carlo valuation model and recognizes the fair value of each option as compensation expense over the derived service period. For the options with performance conditions, the fair value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model and recognizes the fair value of each option as compensation expense over the implicit service period. For RSUs and option awards only with service conditions, the fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. The Company recognizes the fair value of each option as compensation expense ratably using the straight-line attribution method over the service period, which is generally the vesting period.

Effective as of December 3, 2010 and amended on August 3, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the 2010 Plan pursuant to which options or other similar securities may be granted. On October 22, 2020, the Company’s shareholders approved the amendment and restatement of the 2010 Plan. The maximum aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the 2010 Plan increased from 0.3 million shares to 0.5 million shares. As of June 30, 2023, options available for issuance are 0.4 million shares.

For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, total share-based payments expense was $3.3 million and $2.9 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, total share-based payments expense was $5.8 million and $5.2 million, respectively.

(a)Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023:

	Options Outstanding	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2023	268,323	$	146.35	7.8	$	—
Granted	2,800	4.75
Expired	(14,930)	149.28
Forfeited	(12,838)	35.55
Outstanding at June 30, 2023	243,355	150.21		6.94	—
Vested as of June 30, 2023	172,673	178.73		6.08	—
Expected to vest as of June 30, 2023	70,682	80.54		9.06	—

As of June 30, 2023, $1.6 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested share options is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.97 years. The total intrinsic value of shares exercised in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $0.0 million and $0.0 million. The total fair value of shares vested in the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $3.1 million and $4.8 million, respectively. Cash received from options exercised in the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $0.0 million and $0.0 million.

For the options with service conditions, the assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the stock options granted in the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 as follows:

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Expected term (in years)	5.38		5.51-5.53
Expected volatility	128%		123%-124%
Expected dividend yield	—	%	—	%
Risk free interest rate	3.91%		1.69%-2.87%

(b)Warrants

In connection with certain of the Company’s service agreements, the Company issued warrants to service providers to purchase common stock of the Company.

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Warrants Outstanding	Number of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable	Number of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable	Exercise Price		Expiration Date
Acuitas	—	40,000	$	36.25	November 14, 2027
Acuitas	—	40,000	$	36.25	November 27, 2027
Total	—	80,000

(c)RSUs

In December 2022, the Company granted 0.1 million restricted shares to certain employees and directors under the 2010 Plan which was approved by the Board. The restricted shares were vested either immediately or over 2.00 years. The aggregated grant date fair value of all those restricted shares was $1.6 million.

In January 2023, due to the completion of VIA acquisition, the Company assumed the restricted shares that VIA granted to its employees of 1.5 million, which was adjusted to 28.5 thousand restricted shares of IDEX. The aggregated fair value of all those restricted shares was $0.7 million on the acquisition completion date.

In the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company granted 0.1 million restricted shares to certain employees under the 2010 Plan which was approved by the Board. The restricted shares were vested either immediately or over 2.00 years. The aggregated grant date fair value of all those restricted shares was $1.5 million.

As of June 30, 2023, there was $1.0 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted shares.

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Net Loss Per Common Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss Per Common Share

Net Loss Per Common Share

The following table summarizes the Company’s loss per share for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(32,741)	$	(35,276)	$	(101,646)	$	(58,308)
Net loss from discontinued operations	(2,756)		(2,491)		(18,168)		(7,970)
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common stockholders	$	(35,497)	$	(37,767)	$	(119,814)	$	(66,278)
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	10,271,290		3,982,340		8,071,870		3,980,619
Net loss per share:
Basic and diluted
Continuing operations	$	(3.19)	$	(8.86)	$	(12.59)	$	(14.65)
Discontinued operations	$	(0.27)	$	(0.63)	$	(2.25)	$	(2.00)
Basic and diluted loss per share of Common Stock	$	(3.46)	$	(9.49)	$	(14.84)	$	(16.65)

Basic net loss per common share attributable to the Company’s shareholders is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to the Company’s shareholders by the weighted average number of outstanding common shares during the period.

Diluted loss per share is calculated by taking net loss, divided by the diluted weighted average common shares outstanding. Diluted net loss per share equals basic net loss per share because the effect of securities convertible into common shares is anti-dilutive.

The following table includes the number of shares that may be dilutive potential common shares in the future. The holders of these shares do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses and thus these shares were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because the effect was antidilutive (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Warrants	—	80
Options and RSUs	304	336
Series A Preferred Stock	7	7
Series B Preferred Stock	686	500
Series C Preferred Stock	186	—
Contingent shares	20,580	12
Convertible promissory note and interest	710	243
Total	22,473	1,178

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income TaxesIn January 2023 approximately $4.2 million of deferred tax liabilities were recognized on the acquisition of VIA as shown in the table in Note 5. The deferred tax liabilities recognized related primarily to intangible assets recognized for financial reporting purposes that are not recognized for income tax purposes. A significant portion of Ideanomics’ net deferred tax assets had previously been judged to be more likely that not to be unable to reduce the Company’s income tax liability and consequently were offset by a valuation allowance. Once the acquisition of VIA occurred, a portion of Ideanomics’ deferred tax assets could be utilized in offsetting the newly acquired deferred tax liabilities, this resulted in a one-time income tax benefit of approximately $2.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

In general, the Company has net operating loss carryovers creating deferred tax assets that, to the extent that they do not offset deferred tax liabilities, are reduced by a 100% valuation allowance. Certain deferred tax liabilities cannot be offset by deferred tax assets. These consist of state deferred tax liabilities of certain US subsidiaries that file separate state tax returns and of certain foreign subsidiaries. The Company also has certain deferred tax liabilities that can only be 80% offset by deferred tax assets relating to net operating loss carryovers that can only offset 80% of taxable income. During the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 there was an income tax benefit of approximately $3.4 million from continuing operations. This consisted principally of the approximately $2.4 million one-time benefit as discussed in the preceding paragraph plus approximately $1.0 million resulting from other sources. During the three months ended June 30, 2023 there was an income tax benefit of approximately $0.5 million from continuing operations. The income tax benefits, other than from the one-time benefit, consisted principally of 1) the amortization or impairment of intangible assets with carrying values in excess of their tax bases, resulting in the reversal of related deferred tax liabilities, and 2) the creation of additional net operating loss carryovers capable of offsetting certain previously existing deferred tax liabilities.

In March 2022 approximately $4.7 million of deferred tax liabilities were recognized on the acquisition of Energica. These are included in “other liabilities” in the table in Note 5.

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, there was an income tax benefit of $0.1 million from continuing operations. This consisted principally of foreign income tax benefits. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, there was an income tax benefit of $0.3 million from continuing operations. This consisted principally of $0.1 million state income tax benefits for US subsidiaries and $0.2 million of foreign income tax benefits.The foreign income tax benefit for the six and three months ended June 30, 2023, consists primarily of the reversal of some of the Energica deferred tax liability as a result of Energica's losses.

At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s deferred tax assets do not include approximately $0.3 million of potential deferred tax assets, arising in 2021, not recognized because they do not meet the threshold for recognition. If these assets were to be recognized, they would be fully offset by a valuation allowance. Other than these, there were no uncertain tax positions that would prevent the Company from recording the related benefit as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

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Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Lawsuits and Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. However, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm the business.

Shareholder Class Actions and Derivative Litigations

On June 28, 2020, a purported securities class action, captioned Lundy v. Ideanomics Inc. et al., was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against the Company and certain current officers and directors of the Company. Additionally, on July 7, 2020, a purported securities class action captioned Kim v. Ideanomics Inc. et al, was filed in the Southern District of New York against the Company and certain current officers and directors of the Company. Both cases alleged violations of Section 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act arising from certain purported misstatements by the Company beginning in September 2020 regarding its Ideanomics China division. On November 4, 2020, the Lundy and Kim actions were consolidated and the litigation is now titled “In re Ideanomics, Inc. Securities Litigation.” In December 2020, the Court appointed Rene Aghajanian as lead plaintiff and an amended complaint was filed in February 2021, alleging violations of Section 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act arising from certain purported misstatements by the Company beginning in March 2020 regarding its Ideanomics China division and seeking damages. The defendants filed a motion to dismiss on May 6, 2021. On March 15, 2022, the Court granted Defendants’ motions to dismiss in full and dismissed Plaintiff’s complaint. On April 14, 2022, Plaintiff sought leave to amend its complaint and Defendants opposed that request. On February 8, 2023, the Court denied Plaintiffs’ motion to amend and dismissed the case.

Merger-related Litigation and Demand Letters

Following the announcement of the Company’s agreement to acquire VIA, the Company received several demand letters on behalf of purported stockholders of the Company and the Company and certain of its officers and directors have been named as defendants in complaints filed and consolidated in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York demanding the issuance of additional disclosures in connection with the merger. The specific complaints, all of which have been consolidated, have the following filing dates: Macmillan v. Ideanomics, Inc.et al.¸ December 2, 2021; Saee v. Ideanomics, et al., December 7, 2021; and Foran v. Ideanomics, Inc., et al., January 11, 2022. In those complaints, Plaintiffs allege that the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 initially filed with the SEC on November 5, 2021, is false and misleading and

purportedly omits material information regarding the Company’s acquisition of VIA. The Company believes that its disclosures comply fully with applicable law and that the demand letters and complaints are without merit. Nevertheless, in order to moot the purported deficiencies alleged in the demand letters and the complaints, avoid the risk of delaying the consummation of the merger, and minimize the costs, risks, and uncertainties inherent in litigation, the Company, without admitting any liability or wrongdoing, voluntarily provided certain supplemental disclosures. Nothing in those supplemental disclosures should be considered an admission of the legal necessity or materiality under applicable laws of any of the disclosures included. To the contrary, the Company denies all of the allegations in the demand letters and the complaints that any additional disclosures are required.

SEC Investigation

As previously reported, the Company is subject to an investigation by the Division of Enforcement of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company is cooperating with the investigation and has responded to requests for documents, testimony and information regarding various transactions and disclosures going back to 2017. At this point, we are unable to predict what the timing or the outcome of the SEC investigation may be or what, if any, consequences the SEC investigation may have with respect to the Company. However, the SEC investigation could result in additional legal expenses and divert management’s attention from other business concerns and harm our business. If the SEC were to determine that legal violations occurred, we could be required to pay civil penalties or other amounts, and remedies or conditions could be imposed as part of any resolution.

McCarthy v. Ideanomics

On December 14, 2022, Conor McCarthy, Ideanomics’ former CFO, filed an arbitration in front of the American Arbitration Association alleging breach of his separation agreement by Ideanomics and claiming as damages the entirety of his separation payment (approximately $0.7 million), double damages, statutory interest, and costs. The parties settled the arbitration on April 12, 2023 and later amended, pursuant to which Ideanomics will make payments towards Mr. McCarthy that shall total in the amount of $0.7 million. During three months ended June 30 2023, the Company made the payment of $50,000, and the balance $0.7 million is recorded in "accrued salaries" in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Cantor Fitzgerald, LLC v. Ideanomics

On January 10, 2023, Cantor sued Ideanomics in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County for breach of contract to pay $0.2 million in fees associated with a Letter Agreement entered into on October 22, 2021. The parties negotiated a payment plan, under which Ideanomics failed to meet its obligations. Cantor filed a confession of judgment for the remaining $0.1M on July 18, 2023.

Acuitas Capital, LLC v. Ideanomics

As previously reported, on March 14, 2023, Acuitas Capital, LLC (“Acuitas”) filed suit against Ideanomics in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, alleging breach of the Securities Purchase Agreement executed between the parties on November 14, 2022. On August 7, 2023, Ideanomics and Acuitas entered into a Settlement Agreement pursuant to which the parties will file with the court a stipulation of discontinuance with prejudice of the action. No admission of liability will be made by either party.

3i LP v. Ideanomics

On March 21, 2023, Ideanomics was served with a notice of lawsuit filed in the Supreme Court of New York, New York County. The summons alleges breach of contract regarding an exclusive term sheet. On June 9, 2023, Ideanomics filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim, since the term sheet expressly stated that it was non-binding (among other reasons), which the plaintiff opposed. Ideanomics’ response brief is due August 2, 2023. The case remains pending. the Company recorded $0.5 million in "accrued expense" in the the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Additional Matters

In addition to the above, Ideanomics and its subsidiaries face a number of lawsuits alleging breach of contract for failure to make payment on contractual obligations.

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Contingent Consideration

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Contingent Consideration

Contingent Consideration

The following table summarizes information about the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, grouped into Level 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the input to fair value is observable (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
	Level I		Level II		Level III		Total
DBOT - Contingent consideration1	$	—	$	—	$	649	$	649
Tree Technology - Contingent consideration2	—		—		78		78
Solectrac - Contingent consideration3	—		—		100		100
VIA - Contingent consideration4	$	—	$	—	$	60,721	$	60,721
Total	$	—	$	—	$	61,548	$	61,548

	December 31, 2022
	Level I		Level II		Level III		Total
DBOT - Contingent consideration1	$	—	$	—	$	649	$	649
Tree Technology - Contingent consideration2	—		—		118		118
Solectrac - Contingent consideration3	—		—		$	100	100
Total	$	—	$	—	$	867	$	867

1 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of DBOT shares during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and as remeasured as of April 17, 2020. The contractual period which required periodic remeasurement has expired, and therefore the Company will not remeasure this liability in the future. The Company issued 0.1 million shares during the year ended December 31 2020 and still have the obligation to issue 8,106 shares June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

2 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of Tree Technology shares during the three months ended December 31, 2019 and as subsequently remeasured as of June 30, 2023 and 2022. The fair value of the Tree Technology contingent consideration was valued using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow approach.

3 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of Solectrac. The liability represents the fair value of the three contingent considerations that were entered into at closing. The fair value was determined using Monte-Carlo simulations.

4 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of VIA. The liability represents the fair value of the three contingent considerations that were entered into at closing. The fair value was determined using Monte-Carlo simulations.

DBOT Contingent Consideration

The fair value of the DBOT contingent consideration was valued using the Black-Scholes-Merton model.

The contractual period which required periodic remeasurement has expired as of April 17, 2020, and therefore the Company will not remeasure this liability in the future. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the contingent consideration includes the risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, expected term and expected dividend yield. The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the model:

	June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Risk-free interest rate	0.1%
Expected volatility	30%
Expected term (years)	0.08
Expected dividend yield	—	%

Tree Technologies Contingent Consideration

The fair value of the Tree Technologies contingent consideration as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, was valued using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow approach which incorporates various estimates, including projected gross revenue for the periods, probability estimates, discount rates and other factors. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair value measurement.

The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the probability-weighted discounted cash flow approach:

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Weighted-average cost of capital	15.0%	15.0%
Probability	5%-20%	5%-20%

Solectrac Contingent Consideration

The fair value of the Solectrac contingent consideration as of June 30, 2023 was valued using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. The significant unobservable inputs include volatility, discount rate and the risk free rate, Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair value measurement. The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the model:

	June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Risk-free interest rate	3.4%
Expected volatility	25.0%
Expected discount rate	13.1%

VIA Contingent Consideration

The fair value of the VIA contingent consideration as of June 30, 2023 was valued using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. The significant unobservable inputs include volatility, discount rate and the risk free rate. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair value measurement. In the six months ended June 30 2023, the Company recorded the remeasurement gain 12.9 million due to the change of projections The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the model:

	June 30, 2023
Risk-free interest rate	3.7	%
Expected volatility	65.0	%
Expected discount rate	13.9	%

The following table summarizes the reconciliation of Level 3 fair value measurements (in thousands):

	Contingent Consideration
January 1, 2023	$	867
Addition	73,628
Remeasurement loss/(gain) recognized in the statement of operations	(12,947)
June 30, 2023	$	61,548

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Subsequent Events

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events

Fourth Amendment to Secured Convertible Debenture Purchase Agreement

On July 14, 2023, the Company entered into the Fourth Amendment to the SDPA, as previously amended (the “Fourth Amended SDPA”) with YA II PN, which further amended the Original SDPA, and simultaneously consummated the sale to the Investor of a new Secured Convertible Debenture (the “Fifth Debenture”) in a private placement pursuant to the SDPA for a purchase price of $1.5 million. Upon the terms and subject to the conditions contained in the Amended SDPA and Fourth Debenture, the Company promises to pay to YA II PN $1.9 million on November 1, 2023, (a) subject to earlier redemption at the Company’s option (upon payment of a redemption premium of 20% of the principal amount being redeemed or paid), and (b) subject to acceleration at the holder’s option upon an event of default described in the Indenture. The Company will also pay interest on outstanding principal of the Fifth Debenture at an interest rate of eight percent (8%), provided that such interest rate shall be increased to 18% upon an event of default.

Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement Closure

On July 25, 2023, the Company, signed and closed the Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement as executed on May 1, 2023. At the closing, the Buyer delivered to the Seller Parties (i) the Purchase Price minus (1) the $250,000 outstanding under the Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2022, by and between the Parent and YA II PN, minus (2) the $1,400,000 outstanding under the secured debenture, dated as of March 30, 2023, by and between the Company and YA II PN, minus (3) $750,000 outstanding under the secured debenture, dated as of April 17, 2023, by and between the Company and YA II PN, (4) $600,000 payment, and minus (4) any applicable taxes.

Preferred Shares Assignment Agreement

On August 7, 2023, the Company entered a Settlement Agreement where YA II PN has agreed to acquire from Acuitas all of its (a) shares (the “Preferred Shares”) of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock in the Company, consisting of 6.0 million shares of Preferred Shares with an aggregate Series B Original Issue Price of $6.0 million as of the date hereof and accrued but unpaid dividends of $445,480.94 as of August 1, 2023, and (b) rights (but none of the obligations) under the Acuitas Stock Purchase Agreement. In executing the agreement YA II PN shall pay to Acuitas Capital the total of $2.5 million. This agreement resolves the action against Ideanomics in which Acuitas Capital alleged that Ideanomics had breached the SPA and sought certain relief, including a preliminary injunction. As of the date of this filing, YA II PN held $3 million of the remaining Series B Original Convertible Preferred Stock.

Ideanomics Reverse Stock Split

On August 22, 2023, the Company filed a Certificate of Change with the Nevada Secretary of State to effect a reverse stock split of the Company's issued and outstanding shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a ratio of 1-for-125. Accordingly, all references to numbers of common shares and per-share data in the accompanying financial statements have been adjusted to reflect the stock split on a retroactive basis.

The Company is effecting the Reverse Stock Split to satisfy the $1.00 minimum bid price, as set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market. As previously disclosed, on April 20, 2023, the Company was notified by the Listing Qualifications Staff of Nasdaq that the Company did not meet the minimum closing bid price requirement of $1.00 for continued listing, as set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2), as the Staff determined that as of April 19, 2023, the Company’s securities had a closing bid price of $0.10 or less for ten consecutive trading days, from April 5 through April 19, 2023. Also, as previously disclosed, the Staff determined that the Company was eligible for two (2) consecutive 180-day periods to attempt to regain compliance with the Rule. To regain compliance with the Rule, the closing bid price of the Company's Common Stock must be at least $1.00 per share for a minimum 10 consecutive business days.

The Reverse Stock Split will be effective at 12:01 am, Eastern Time, on August 25, 2023.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Reclassifications

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for comparative purposes to conform to the current-period financial statement presentation.

Discontinued Operations, Assets Held for Sale

Discontinued Operations

During the second quarter of 2023, our business components Timios and China met the criteria for classification as discontinued operations and are no longer presented as continuing operations. Assets and liabilities associated with these components are presented in our consolidated balance sheets as Discontinued Operations. The results of operations related to these components are included in the consolidated statements of operations as "Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax." The cash flows of these components are also presented separately in our consolidated statements of cash flows. All corresponding prior year periods presented in our financial statements and related information in the accompanying notes have been reclassified to reflect the Discontinued Operations presentation.

Assets Held for Sale

During the second quarter of 2023, our business components Energica, Solectrac, Wave Technologies and US Hybrid (the “held for sale businesses”) met the criteria for classification as assets held for sale and discontinued operations. However, as the held for sale businesses comprise the substantial majority of assets, liabilities, revenues and operating costs of the company’s continuing operations and the period of time over which the disposal events are expected to occur, we have continued to present these operations as continuing operations. We believe this provides more relevant information in the primary financial statements. While these assets are classified as held for sale as we assess active third-party interest, we do not anticipate the sale of all of these businesses. For those that we do decide to sell, it is expected that the majority of the balances attributable to the held for sale businesses will not be divested until 2024.

Inventory

Inventory

Inventories, which include the costs of material, labor and overhead, are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost generally computed on a FIFO basis. Electronic motorcycle inventories are stated on a specific identification method. Estimated losses from obsolete and slow-moving inventories are recorded to reduce inventory values to their estimated net realizable value and are charged to costs of revenue. At the point of loss recognition, a new cost basis for that inventory is established and subsequent changes in facts and circumstances do not result in a recovery in carrying value.

Revenue

Revenue

The Company recognizes revenue when its customer obtains control of promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. For most of the Company’s customer arrangements, control transfers to customers at a point in time, as that is generally when legal title, physical possession and risk and rewards of goods/services transfer to the customer. In certain arrangements, control transfers over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits as the Company completes the performance obligations.

Our contracts with customers may include multiple performance obligations. For such arrangements, revenue is allocated to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Standalone selling prices are based on the observable prices charged to customers or adjusted market assessment or using expected cost-plus margin when one is available. Adjusted market assessment price is determined based on overall pricing objectives taking into consideration market conditions and entity specific factors.

The Company performs an analysis of the relevant terms of its sales contracts, including whether or not it controls the product prior to sale, whether or not it incurs inventory risk, and other factors in order to determine if revenue should be recorded as a principal or agent. Revenues recognized in a principal capacity are reported gross, while revenues recognized as an agent are reported net.

Certain customers may receive discounts or rebates, which are accounted for as variable consideration. Variable consideration is estimated based on the expected amount to be provided to customers, and initially reduces revenues recognized.

The Company records deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of performance, including amounts which are refundable.

The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. The Company expenses as incurred any commissions or other fees which, if capitalizable, would have an amortization period of less than one year.

Product Warranties

Product WarrantiesCertain of the Company’s products are sold subject to standard product warranty terms, which generally include post-sales support and repairs or replacement of a product at no additional charge for a specified period of time. Accruals for estimated expenses related to product warranties are made at the time revenue is recognized and are recorded as a component of costs of revenue. The Company estimates the liability for warranty claims based on standard warranties, the historical frequency of claims and the cost to replace or repair products under warranty. Factors that influence the warranty liability include the number of units sold, the length of warranty term, historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and the cost per claim.

VIE Structures and Arrangements

VIE Structures and Arrangements

VIA was identified as a VIE in consideration of the aggregate funding provided since August 2021 through the acquisition date of January 31, 2023. Prior to entering into the Merger Agreement, on June 7, 2021, the Company and VIA entered into a SAFE for an amount of $7.5 million which is recorded in Long-term investments as a cost method investment for the period ended December 31, 2022. Prior to January 31, 2023, VIA is not consolidated as the Company did not participate in the design of VIA, does not have significant influence over VIA to make management decisions, did not have any representation on the VIA’s board and did not provide more than half of the total equity. Subsequent to the acquisition of VIA on January 31, 2023, the results of operations and financial position of this VIE are included in the consolidated financial statements for period ended June 30, 2023.Refer to Note 5.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, to require financial assets carried at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected based on historical experience, current conditions and forecasts. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, to clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are within the scope of lease accounting standards. Further, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, ASU No. 2019-05, ASU 2019-10, ASU 2019-11, ASU 2020-02 and ASU 2020-03 to provide additional guidance on the credit losses standard. ASU 2019-10 deferred the effective date of ASU 2016-13 to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, for public entities which meet the definition of a smaller reporting company on the date the ASU was issued.

Adoption of the ASUs is on a modified retrospective basis. We adopted the ASUs on January 1, 2023. The Company recorded $0.3 million impact to the retained earning. This ASU applies to all financial assets including loans, trade receivables and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, which will require companies to apply the definition of a performance obligation under ASC Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue)

relating to contracts with customers that are acquired in a business combination. Under current U.S. GAAP, an acquirer generally recognizes assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, including contract assets and contract liabilities arising from revenue contracts with customers, at fair value on the acquisition date. The ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU prospectively on January 1, 2023. This ASU has not and is currently not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Summary of discontinued operations

The following table summarizes the operating results of the discontinued operations for the periods indicated:

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Total revenue	$	5,456	$	24,817	$	10,366	$	47,978
Cost of revenue	4,377		22,839		9,736		45,116
Gross profit	1,079		1,978		630		2,862
Selling and administrative expenses	3,900		4,967		8,035		11,028
Depreciation and amortization	2		509		274		1,019
Asset impairments	116		251		9,442		251
Other operating costs	10		42		10		42
Operating loss	(2,949)		(3,791)		(17,131)		(9,478)
Non-operating income (expense)	141		1,277		(1,158)		1,322
Income tax benefit	52		23		121		186
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	(2,756)	$	(2,491)	$	(18,168)	$	(7,970)

The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities of the Discontinued Operations included in the consolidated balance sheets for the periods indicated:

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	8,876	$	18,169
Accounts Receivables, net	152		72
Inventory, net	—		647
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	6,061		6,416
Current assets of discontinued operations	15,089		25,304
Property and equipment, net	—		423
Intangible assets, net	6		9,144
Operating lease right of use assets	1,046		1,594
Other noncurrent assets	58		2,843
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations	$	1,110	$	14,004
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	5,099	$	5,523
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	491		893
Other current liabilities	5,296		2,348
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	10,886		8,764
Operating lease liabilities – long term	828		926
Deferred tax liabilities	—		489
Other noncurrent liabilities	—		513
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations	$	828	$	1,928

The following table summarizes the operating results of the held for sale businesses for the periods indicated:

	Three months ended				Six months ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Total revenue	$	8,138	$	9,345	$	13,664	$	11,559
Cost of revenue	7,469		9,845		13,212		12,926
Gross profit	669		(500)		452		(1,367)
Selling and administrative expenses	9,500		12,160		19,060		19,075
Depreciation and amortization	1,363		1,483		2,712		1,979
Asset impairments	148		321		148		333
Other operating costs	815		679		1,558		1,500
Operating loss	$	(11,157)	$	(15,143)	$	(23,026)	$	(24,254)

The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities of the held for sale businesses included in the consolidated balance sheets for the periods indicated:

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,994	$	2,156
Accounts Receivables, net	6,540		5,753
Inventory, net	22,352		27,031
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	9,582		14,492
Current assets of businesses held for sale	40,468		49,432
Property and equipment, net	7,594		7,194
Intangible assets, net	41,990		43,599
Goodwill	38,217		37,775
Operating lease right of use assets	9,498		10,169
Other noncurrent assets	2,672		2,664
Noncurrent assets of businesses held for sale	$	99,971	$	101,401
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	21,162	$	21,748
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	2,092		2,134
Other current liabilities	18,931		17,784
Current liabilities of businesses held for sale	42,185		41,666
Operating lease liabilities – long term	7,689		8,162
Deferred tax liabilities	2,512		2,648
Other noncurrent liabilities	3,227		3,543
Noncurrent liabilities of businesses held for sale	$	13,428	$	14,353

Schedule of inventory

The composition of inventory is as follows (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Raw materials	$	7,887	$	12,782
Work in progress	11,626		10,868
Finished goods	14,142		9,518
Inventory Reserve	(10,730)		(5,568)
Total	$	22,925	$	27,600

Schedule of pro forma information

The following table presents a balance sheet as of June 30, 2023 as if the sale of Energica, Wave Technologies, Solectrac and US Hybrid were complete and such businesses were presented as discontinued operations. In this event, the balance sheet below would reflect the assets and liabilities of the parent company Ideanomics, Inc. and VIA Motors as the sole remaining continuing operations in that hypothetical situation. However, the balance sheet below presents historical financial information and does not include cash or other assets we would receive from the sale of the businesses held for sale, nor does it show any liabilities that may be reduced or discharged with cash received. Additionally, as described above, we may decide not to sell one or more of the businesses held for sale.

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	901	$	1,603
Accounts Receivables, net	15		30
Inventory, net	573		569
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,712		37,099
Current assets of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	55,559		74,737
Total current assets	60,760		114,038
Property and equipment, net	3,434		1,455
Intangible assets, net	108,662		25
Goodwill	13,020		—
Operating lease right of use assets	5,204		4,217
Other noncurrent assets	477		7,660
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	101,080		115,406
Total assets	$	292,637	$	242,801
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	49,619	$	16,445
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	1,291		1,055
Other current liabilities	15,538		8,931
Current liabilities of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	53,071		50,430
Total current liabilities	119,519		76,861
Operating lease liabilities – long term	6,404		3,185
Deferred tax liabilities	1,164		(137)
Non current contingent Liabilities	60,721		—
Other noncurrent liabilities	50		53
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operation and businesses held for sale	14,256		16,276
Total liabilities	202,114		96,238
Series A	1,262		1,262
Series B	5,310		8,850
Series C	4,825		—
Equity:
Common stock	1,408		597
Additional paid-in capital	1,068,697		1,004,082
Accumulated deficit	(986,596)		(866,450)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,185)		(6,104)
Total Ideanomics, Inc. shareholder’s equity	78,324		132,125
Non-controlling interest	802		4,326
Total equity	79,126		136,451
Total liabilities, convertible redeemable preferred stock and equity	$	292,637	$	242,801

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Revenue (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of revenues disaggregated by geography and major revenue source

The following table summarizes the Company’s revenues disaggregated by geography and major revenue source (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Geographic Markets
North America	$	6,490	$	5,202	$	9,889	$	7,036
Asia	10		33		32		50
Europe	1,683		4,150		3,916		4,529
Total	$	8,183	$	9,385	$	13,837	$	11,615
Product or Service
EV products	$	2,534	$	3,857	$	4,638	$	4,947
EV services	348		5		361		6
Electric motorcycle products and services	2,112		4,150		4,885		4,529
Electric motorcycle sponsorship services	—		—		36		—
Charging, batteries and powertrain products	3,183		956		3,443		1,210
Charging, batteries and powertrain services	—		338		30		790
Other revenue	6		79		444		133
Total	$	8,183	$	9,385	$	13,837	$	11,615

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Notes Receivable from Third Parties (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Receivables [Abstract]

Schedule of accounts receivable

The following table shows the composition of notes receivable, net of reserves (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Green Power Motor Company	$	42	$	45
VIA	—		31,608
	$	42	$	31,653

Schedule of movement of the allowance for doubtful accounts

The following table summarizes the activity related to the notes receivable reserve (in thousands):

Balance at December 31, 2022	$	60,513
Increase	27,400
Write-offs	(76,313)
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	177
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	11,777
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	(41)
Balance at June 30, 2023	11,736

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Acquisitions and Divestitures (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Schedule of assets acquired and liabilities assumed

The following table summarizes the fair value of the consideration transferred and the estimated fair values of the major classes of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. The recorded amounts for assets acquired and liabilities assumed are provisional and subject to change during the measurement period for certain items including the valuation of separately identified intangibles

(Dollars in thousands)	January 31, 2023
Fair value of consideration transferred:
Common shares	$	28,617
Preferred shares	4,825
SAFE note	581
Secured convertible note	5,165
Contingent consideration	73,627
Purchase price	$	112,815
Allocated to:
Current assets	1,757
Property and equipment, net	2,315
Operating lease right of use assets	5,064
Intangible assets – development technology	104,200
Intangible assets – trademark and tradename	11,410
Goodwill	13,020
Other assets	—
Current liabilities	(16,940)
Deferred tax liability	(4,227)
Other liabilities	(3,784)
Fair value of assets acquired, less liabilities assumed	$	112,815

(Dollars in thousands)	March 14, 2022
Cash paid at closing, including working capital estimates	$	58,140
Fair value of previously held interest	22,183
Fair value of non-controlling interest	24,778
Purchase price	$	105,101
Allocated to:
Current assets	$	19,708
Property and equipment, net	1,927
Intangible assets –Customer relationships	14,226
Intangible assets – Development technology	18,603
Intangible assets – Trademark and trade name	14,496
Goodwill	60,394
Other assets	1,024
Current liabilities	(16,894)
Other liabilities	(8,383)
Fair value of assets acquired, less liabilities assumed	$	105,101

Schedule of useful lives of the intangible assets acquired

The useful lives of the intangible assets acquired is as follows:

	January 31, 2023
Intangible assets – development technology	20
Intangible assets – trademark and tradename	20
Weighted average	20

The useful lives of the intangible assets acquired is as follows:

	March 14, 2022
Intangible assets – customer relationships	13.0
Intangible assets – development technology	8.0
Intangible assets – trademark and tradename	25.0
Weighted average	14.7

Schedule of estimated amortization expense related to intangible assets

The estimated amortization expense related to these intangible assets for each of the years subsequent to June 30, 2023, is as follows (amounts in thousands):

2023 remaining	$	9,821
2024	14,591
2025	12,487
2026	10,709
2027	9,178
Thereafter	53,212
Total	$	109,998

The estimated amortization expense related to these intangible assets for each of the years subsequent to June 30, 2023, is as follows (amounts in thousands):

2023 remaining	$	2,976
2024	3,967
2025	3,967
2026	3,967
2027	3,967
Thereafter	23,658
Total	$	42,502

The following table summarizes the expected amortization expense for the following years (in thousands):

	Amortization to be recognized
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	14,567
2024	18,748
2025	16,634
2026	14,732
2027	13,154
2028 and thereafter	72,792
Total	$	150,627

Summary of unaudited pro forma financial information

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
(Amounts in thousands, except per share and share data)
Total revenue	$	8,183	$	9,406	$	13,838	$	11,655
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	(35,497)		(57,911)		(82,808)		(88,714)

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Restructuring (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Schedule of restructuring charges

The following table summarizes the charges in connection with its employee termination cost (in thousands):

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	1,056	$	—
Increase/(decrease)	689		—
Payment	$	(242)	$	—
Balance at the end of the period	$	1,503	$	—

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Property and Equipment, net (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of property and equipment

The following table summarizes the Company’s property and equipment (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Furniture and office equipment	$	2,256	$	1,985
Vehicle	775		1,189
Leasehold improvements	3,700		4,181
Shop equipment	4,532		3,204
Total property and equipment	11,263		10,559
Less: accumulated depreciation	(3,004)		(1,909)
	8,259		8,650
Construction in progress	2,770		—
Property and equipment, net	$	11,029	$	8,650

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of goodwill

The following table summarizes changes in the carrying amount of goodwill (in thousands):

Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	37,775
Goodwill acquired during the year (a)	13,020
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	442
Balance as of June 30, 2023	$	51,237

(a) Refer to Note 5 for discussion of VIA acquisition.

Schedule of amortizing and indefinite lived intangible assets

The following tables summarize information regarding amortizing and indefinite lived intangible assets (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
	Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	Intangible before impairment		Accumulated amortization		Accumulated impairment charge		Net balance
Definite lived intangible assets*
Patents, trademarks and brands	21.4	$	26,357	$	(1,327)	$	—	$	25,030
Customer relationships	13.2	14,100		(1,446)		—		12,654
Licenses	3.9	105		(23)		—		82
Software	2.6	132		(57)		—		75
Technology	17.8	122,636		(9,850)		—		112,786
Total		163,330		(12,703)		—		150,627
Indefinite lived intangible assets
Website name		25		—		—		25
Total		$	163,355	$	(12,703)	$	—	$	150,652

	December 31, 2022
	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Accumulated impairment charge		Net  balance
Definite lived intangible assets*
Patents, trademarks and brands	$	14,734	$	(660)	$	—	$	14,074
Customer relationships	13,937		(824)		—		13,113
Licenses	141		(16)		—		125
Software	2,981		(667)		(2,299)		15
Technology	18,225		(1,953)		—		16,272
Total	50,018		(4,120)		(2,299)		43,599
Indefinite lived intangible assets
Website name	25		—		—		25
Total	$	50,043	$	(4,120)	$	(2,299)	$	43,624

*excludes intangible assets fully amortized or written off in prior period

Schedule of estimated amortization expense related to intangible assets

The estimated amortization expense related to these intangible assets for each of the years subsequent to June 30, 2023, is as follows (amounts in thousands):

2023 remaining	$	9,821
2024	14,591
2025	12,487
2026	10,709
2027	9,178
Thereafter	53,212
Total	$	109,998

The estimated amortization expense related to these intangible assets for each of the years subsequent to June 30, 2023, is as follows (amounts in thousands):

2023 remaining	$	2,976
2024	3,967
2025	3,967
2026	3,967
2027	3,967
Thereafter	23,658
Total	$	42,502

The following table summarizes the expected amortization expense for the following years (in thousands):

	Amortization to be recognized
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	14,567
2024	18,748
2025	16,634
2026	14,732
2027	13,154
2028 and thereafter	72,792
Total	$	150,627

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Debt (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of of outstanding convertible notes

The following table summarizes the outstanding promissory notes as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

		June 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Interest Rate	Principal Amount		Carrying Amount		Principal Amount		Carrying Amount
YA II PN Convertible Debenture	8.0%	$	250	$	256	$	4,442	$	3,928
YA II PN Convertible Debenture first amendment	8.0%	1,400		1,429		—		—
YA II PN Convertible Debenture second amendment	8.0%	750		762		—		—
YA II PN Convertible Debenture third amendment	8.0%	4,130		3,765		—		—
Tillou promissory note	22.0%	2,000		2,123		2,000		2,021
Therese promissory note	22.0%	1,200		1,215		—		—
Commercial Insurance Premium Finance	6%	142		142		992		992
SBA PPP due April 10, 2025	1.0%	172		172		219		219
Other lending agreements	0.1%-11.8%	7,292		7,292		6,561		6,561
Total		$	17,336	17,156		$	14,214	13,721
Less: Current portion				(15,336)				(11,764)
Long-term Note, less current portion				$	1,820			$	1,957

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Related Party Disclosures (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Related Party Transactions [Abstract]

Schedule of Lease Agreement

This lease agreement is reflected in the consolidated balance sheets and statement of operations as follows (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
Operating lease right of use assets	$	305
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	47
Operating lease liabilities - long term	258
Selling, general and administrative expenses	27

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Share-Based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of stock option activity

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023:

	Options Outstanding	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2023	268,323	$	146.35	7.8	$	—
Granted	2,800	4.75
Expired	(14,930)	149.28
Forfeited	(12,838)	35.55
Outstanding at June 30, 2023	243,355	150.21		6.94	—
Vested as of June 30, 2023	172,673	178.73		6.08	—
Expected to vest as of June 30, 2023	70,682	80.54		9.06	—

Schedule of assumptions used to estimate the fair values of share options granted

For the options with service conditions, the assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the stock options granted in the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 as follows:

	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Expected term (in years)	5.38		5.51-5.53
Expected volatility	128%		123%-124%
Expected dividend yield	—	%	—	%
Risk free interest rate	3.91%		1.69%-2.87%

Schedule of warrants outstanding and exercisable

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Warrants Outstanding	Number of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable	Number of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable	Exercise Price		Expiration Date
Acuitas	—	40,000	$	36.25	November 14, 2027
Acuitas	—	40,000	$	36.25	November 27, 2027
Total	—	80,000

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Net Loss Per Common Share (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of basic and diluted loss per common share

The following table summarizes the Company’s loss per share for the six months ended months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022		June 30, 2023		June 30, 2022
Net loss from continuing operations	$	(32,741)	$	(35,276)	$	(101,646)	$	(58,308)
Net loss from discontinued operations	(2,756)		(2,491)		(18,168)		(7,970)
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common stockholders	$	(35,497)	$	(37,767)	$	(119,814)	$	(66,278)
Basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	10,271,290		3,982,340		8,071,870		3,980,619
Net loss per share:
Basic and diluted
Continuing operations	$	(3.19)	$	(8.86)	$	(12.59)	$	(14.65)
Discontinued operations	$	(0.27)	$	(0.63)	$	(2.25)	$	(2.00)
Basic and diluted loss per share of Common Stock	$	(3.46)	$	(9.49)	$	(14.84)	$	(16.65)

Schedule of computation of diluted loss per share

The following table includes the number of shares that may be dilutive potential common shares in the future. The holders of these shares do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses and thus these shares were not included in the computation of diluted loss per share because the effect was antidilutive (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Warrants	—	80
Options and RSUs	304	336
Series A Preferred Stock	7	7
Series B Preferred Stock	686	500
Series C Preferred Stock	186	—
Contingent shares	20,580	12
Convertible promissory note and interest	710	243
Total	22,473	1,178

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Contingent Consideration (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis

The following table summarizes information about the Company’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, grouped into Level 1 to 3 based on the degree to which the input to fair value is observable (in thousands):

	June 30, 2023
	Level I		Level II		Level III		Total
DBOT - Contingent consideration1	$	—	$	—	$	649	$	649
Tree Technology - Contingent consideration2	—		—		78		78
Solectrac - Contingent consideration3	—		—		100		100
VIA - Contingent consideration4	$	—	$	—	$	60,721	$	60,721
Total	$	—	$	—	$	61,548	$	61,548

	December 31, 2022
	Level I		Level II		Level III		Total
DBOT - Contingent consideration1	$	—	$	—	$	649	$	649
Tree Technology - Contingent consideration2	—		—		118		118
Solectrac - Contingent consideration3	—		—		$	100	100
Total	$	—	$	—	$	867	$	867

1 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of DBOT shares during the three months ended September 30, 2019 and as remeasured as of April 17, 2020. The contractual period which required periodic remeasurement has expired, and therefore the Company will not remeasure this liability in the future. The Company issued 0.1 million shares during the year ended December 31 2020 and still have the obligation to issue 8,106 shares June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

2 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of Tree Technology shares during the three months ended December 31, 2019 and as subsequently remeasured as of June 30, 2023 and 2022. The fair value of the Tree Technology contingent consideration was valued using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow approach.

3 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of Solectrac. The liability represents the fair value of the three contingent considerations that were entered into at closing. The fair value was determined using Monte-Carlo simulations.

4 This represents the liability incurred in connection with the acquisition of VIA. The liability represents the fair value of the three contingent considerations that were entered into at closing. The fair value was determined using Monte-Carlo simulations.

Summary of significant inputs and assumptions

The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the model:

	June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Risk-free interest rate	0.1%
Expected volatility	30%
Expected term (years)	0.08
Expected dividend yield	—	%

The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the probability-weighted discounted cash flow approach:

	June 30, 2023	December 31, 2022
Weighted-average cost of capital	15.0%	15.0%
Probability	5%-20%	5%-20%

The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the model:

	June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
Risk-free interest rate	3.4%
Expected volatility	25.0%
Expected discount rate	13.1%

The following table summarizes the significant inputs and assumptions used in the model:

	June 30, 2023
Risk-free interest rate	3.7	%
Expected volatility	65.0	%
Expected discount rate	13.9	%

Schedule of reconciliation of level 3 fair value measurements

The following table summarizes the reconciliation of Level 3 fair value measurements (in thousands):

	Contingent Consideration
January 1, 2023	$	867
Addition	73,628
Remeasurement loss/(gain) recognized in the statement of operations	(12,947)
June 30, 2023	$	61,548

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 25, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) covenant	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) covenant	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 07, 2021 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Inventory serving as collateral for short term borrowing		$ 4,400		$ 4,400		$ 6,100
Product warranty accrual, noncurrent		$ 1,000		$ 1,000		600
Cost method investments							$ 7,500
Number of covenants breached | covenant		2		2
Cash and cash equivalents, continuing and discontinuing		$ 11,800		$ 11,800
Cash and cash equivalents		2,895		2,895		3,759
Cash and cash equivalents, discontinued operations		8,900		8,900
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		70,800		70,800
Other current liabilities		13,300		13,300
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		3,383		3,383		3,189
Debt, long-term and short-term, combined amount		15,300		15,300
Net loss		35,497	$ 37,767	119,814	$ 66,278
Accumulated deficit		986,596		986,596		866,450
Proceeds from sale of preferred shares, issuance of a convertible note and sale of financial assets		31,100
Other Commitment, Aggregate Committed Investment
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Investments		7,000		7,000
CHINA
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		5,600		5,600
Timios | Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Proceeds from disposal	$ 450
Transactions cost	150
Extinguishment of outstanding payables	$ 2,400
Cash and cash equivalents, discontinued operations		$ 8,876		$ 8,876		$ 18,169

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Operating Results of Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	$ (2,756)	$ (2,491)	$ (18,168)	$ (7,970)
Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale | Timios
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Total revenue	5,456	24,817	10,366	47,978
Cost of revenue	4,377	22,839	9,736	45,116
Gross profit	1,079	1,978	630	2,862
Selling and administrative expenses	3,900	4,967	8,035	11,028
Depreciation and amortization	2	509	274	1,019
Asset impairments	116	251	9,442	251
Other operating costs	10	42	10	42
Operating loss	(2,949)	(3,791)	(17,131)	(9,478)
Non-operating income (expense)	141	1,277	(1,158)	1,322
Income tax benefit	52	23	121	186
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(2,756)	(2,491)	(18,168)	(7,970)
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale | Energica, Solectrac, Wave Technologies and US Hybrid
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Total revenue	8,138	9,345	13,664	11,559
Cost of revenue	7,469	9,845	13,212	12,926
Gross profit	669	(500)	452	(1,367)
Selling and administrative expenses	9,500	12,160	19,060	19,075
Depreciation and amortization	1,363	1,483	2,712	1,979
Asset impairments	148	321	148	333
Other operating costs	815	679	1,558	1,500
Operating loss	$ (11,157)	$ (15,143)	$ (23,026)	$ (24,254)

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Summary of Assets and Liabilities of Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jul. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 8,900
Current assets of discontinued operations		15,089	$ 25,304
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations		1,110	14,004
Current liabilities of discontinued operations		10,886	8,764
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations		828	1,928
Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale | Timios
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		8,876	18,169
Accounts Receivables, net		152	72
Inventory, net		0	647
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		6,061	6,416
Current assets of discontinued operations		15,089	25,304
Property and equipment, net		0	423
Intangible assets, net		6	9,144
Operating lease right of use assets		1,046	1,594
Other noncurrent assets		58	2,843
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations		1,110	14,004
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		5,099	5,523
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		491	893
Other current liabilities		5,296	2,348
Current liabilities of discontinued operations		10,886	8,764
Operating lease liabilities – long term		828	926
Deferred tax liabilities		0	489
Other noncurrent liabilities		0	513
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations		828	1,928
Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale | Timios | Subsequent Event
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 3,300
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale | Energica, Solectrac, Wave Technologies and US Hybrid
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		1,994	2,156
Accounts Receivables, net		6,540	5,753
Inventory, net		22,352	27,031
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		9,582	14,492
Current assets of discontinued operations		40,468	49,432
Property and equipment, net		7,594	7,194
Intangible assets, net		41,990	43,599
Goodwill		38,217	37,775
Operating lease right of use assets		9,498	10,169
Other noncurrent assets		2,672	2,664
Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations		99,971	101,401
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		21,162	21,748
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		2,092	2,134
Other current liabilities		18,931	17,784
Current liabilities of discontinued operations		42,185	41,666
Operating lease liabilities – long term		7,689	8,162
Deferred tax liabilities		2,512	2,648
Other noncurrent liabilities		3,227	3,543
Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations		$ 13,428	$ 14,353

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Balance Sheet Excluding Held for Sale Businesses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 2,895		$ 3,759
Accounts receivable, net	6,556		5,783
Inventory, net	22,925		27,600
Current assets of discontinued operations	15,089		25,304
Total current assets	60,760		114,038
Property and equipment, net	11,029		8,650
Intangible assets, net	150,652		43,624
Goodwill	51,237		37,775
Operating lease right of use assets	14,702		14,385
Other non-current assets	3,147		2,825
Non-current assets of discontinued operations	1,110		14,004
Total assets	292,637		242,801
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	70,800
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	3,383		3,189
Other current liabilities	13,300
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	10,886		8,764
Total current liabilities	119,519		76,861
Operating lease liabilities - long term	14,093		11,347
Non-current contingent liabilities	60,721		0
Other long-term liabilities	1,457		1,634
Non-current liabilities of discontinued operations	828		1,928
Total liabilities	202,114		96,238
Equity
Common stock	1,408		597
Additional paid-in capital	1,068,697		1,004,082
Accumulated deficit	(986,596)		(866,450)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,185)		(6,104)
Total Ideanomics, Inc. stockholders' equity	78,324		132,125
Non-controlling interest	802		4,326
Total equity	79,126	$ 89,780	136,451	$ 319,427	$ 364,800	$ 365,368
Total liabilities, convertible redeemable preferred stock, and equity	292,637		242,801
Series A Preferred Stock
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Convertible redeemable preferred stock	1,262		1,262
Series B Preferred Stock
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Convertible redeemable preferred stock	5,310		8,850
Series C Preferred Stock
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Convertible redeemable preferred stock	4,825		0
Pro Forma
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	901		1,603
Accounts receivable, net	15		30
Inventory, net	573		569
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,712		37,099
Current assets of discontinued operations	55,559		74,737
Total current assets	60,760		114,038
Property and equipment, net	3,434		1,455
Intangible assets, net	108,662		25
Goodwill	13,020		0
Operating lease right of use assets	5,204		4,217
Other non-current assets	477		7,660
Non-current assets of discontinued operations	101,080		115,406
Total assets	292,637		242,801
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	49,619		16,445
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	1,291		1,055
Other current liabilities	15,538		8,931
Current liabilities of discontinued operations	53,071		50,430
Total current liabilities	119,519		76,861
Operating lease liabilities - long term	6,404		3,185
Deferred tax liabilities	1,164		(137)
Non-current contingent liabilities	60,721		0
Other long-term liabilities	50		53
Non-current liabilities of discontinued operations	14,256		16,276
Total liabilities	202,114		96,238
Equity
Common stock	1,408		597
Additional paid-in capital	1,068,697		1,004,082
Accumulated deficit	(986,596)		(866,450)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(5,185)		(6,104)
Total Ideanomics, Inc. stockholders' equity	78,324		132,125
Non-controlling interest	802		4,326
Total equity	79,126		136,451
Pro Forma | Series A Preferred Stock
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Convertible redeemable preferred stock	1,262		1,262
Pro Forma | Series B Preferred Stock
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Convertible redeemable preferred stock	5,310		8,850
Pro Forma | Series C Preferred Stock
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Convertible redeemable preferred stock	$ 4,825		$ 0

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Raw materials	$ 7,887	$ 12,782
Work in progress	11,626	10,868
Finished goods	14,142	9,518
Inventory Reserve	(10,730)	(5,568)
Total	$ 22,925	$ 27,600

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New Accounting Pronouncements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total equity	$ (79,126)	$ (89,780)	$ (136,451)	$ (319,427)	$ (364,800)	$ (365,368)
Accumulated Deficit
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total equity	$ 986,596	$ 951,099	866,450	$ 672,037	$ 634,270	$ 605,758
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total equity			332
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principle | Accumulated Deficit
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Total equity			$ 332

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Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 8,183	$ 9,385	$ 13,837	$ 11,615
Revenue recognized	100	800	100	800
EV products
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	2,534	3,857	4,638	4,947
EV services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	348	5	361	6
Electric motorcycle products and services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	2,112	4,150	4,885	4,529
Electric motorcycle sponsorship services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	0	0	36	0
Charging, batteries and powertrain products
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	3,183	956	3,443	1,210
Charging, batteries and powertrain services
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	0	338	30	790
Other revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	6	79	444	133
North America
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	6,490	5,202	9,889	7,036
Asia
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	10	33	32	50
Europe
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 1,683	$ 4,150	$ 3,916	$ 4,529

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Notes Receivable from Third Parties - Composition of Notes Receivable (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Notes receivable from third parties, net	$ 42	$ 31,653
Convertible promissory note and interest
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Notes receivable from third parties, net	42	31,653
Convertible promissory note and interest | Green Power Motor Company
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Notes receivable from third parties, net	42	45
Convertible promissory note and interest | VIA
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Notes receivable from third parties, net	$ 0	$ 31,608

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Notes Receivable from Third Parties - Activity Related to the Notes Receivable Reserve (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss [Roll Forward]
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 11,777	$ 60,513	$ 60,513
Increase		27,400
Write-offs		(76,313)
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	(41)	177
Balance at the end of the period	$ 11,736	$ 11,777	$ 11,736

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Notes Receivable from Third Parties - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jan. 17, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Write-offs		$ 76,313
VIA Motors International, Inc.
Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Line Items]
Write-offs			$ 76,300
Business combination, additional funding amount	$ 800
Fair value of consideration transferred	$ 5,200

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Acquisitions and Divestitures - Narrative (Details) € in Millions							3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jul. 25, 2023 USD ($)	May 01, 2023 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares	Mar. 14, 2022 USD ($)	Feb. 09, 2022 USD ($)	Feb. 09, 2022 EUR (€)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 07, 2022	Sep. 15, 2021	Mar. 03, 2021
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Contingent consideration			$ 180,000,000.0				$ 61,548,000		$ 61,548,000		$ 867,000
Amortization expense relating to intangible assets							5,200,000	$ 1,700,000	9,100,000	$ 1,900,000
Gain on remeasurement of investment							0	$ 0	0	10,965,000
Principal amount							$ 17,336,000		$ 17,336,000		$ 14,214,000
Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Investment consideration		$ 3,000,000
Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement | Subsequent Event
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Payments of stock issuance costs	$ 150,000
Proceeds from issuance of stock	450,000
Loans extinguished	$ 2,400,000
Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement | Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, October 25, 2022
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Principal amount		250,000
Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement | Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, March 30, 2023
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Principal amount		1,400,000
Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement | Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, April 17, 2023
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Principal amount		$ 750,000
Fiducia | Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Percentage of ownership interest (in percent)		100.00%
Energica Motor Company, Inc.
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Equity method investment, ownership percentage (in percent)							72.40%		72.40%					20.00%
Energica Motor Company, Inc. | Energica Founders
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Equity method investment, ownership percentage (in percent)							27.60%		27.60%
Energica
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Equity method investment, ownership percentage (in percent)							27.60%		27.60%				20.00%
Conditional tender offer costs					$ 60,300,000	€ 52.5
Equity method investment, ownership percentage threshold (in percent)												90.00%
Fair value of non controlling interest							$ 24,800,000		$ 24,800,000
VIA Motors International, Inc.
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Conversion ratio			0.16
Business combination liability current							2,300,000		2,300,000
Contingent consideration							60,721,000		60,721,000
Amortization expense relating to intangible assets									7,000,000
Tax deductible goodwill							0		0
Revenue									29,000
Net loss									14,000,000
Transaction costs									$ 11,700,000
VIA Motors International, Inc. | Common Stock
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Number of common stock issued (in shares) | shares			1,100,000						1,000,000
Value of common stock issued			$ 5,700,000
VIA Motors International, Inc. | Convertible Preferred Stock
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Number of common stock issued (in shares) | shares			1,200,000						1,200,000
Energica
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Amortization expense relating to intangible assets									$ 1,000,000.0	400,000
Tax deductible goodwill							$ 0		0
Revenue									2,800,000	400,000
Net loss									$ 4,500,000	800,000
Cash paid at closing, including working capital estimates				$ 58,140,000
Payments to acquire businesses, gross				$ 2,000,000
Transaction costs										$ 600,000

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Acquisitions and Divestitures - Provisional Estimates of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jan. 31, 2023	Jan. 17, 2023	Mar. 14, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Assets acquired
Goodwill				$ 51,237	$ 37,775
VIA Motors International, Inc.
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Fair value of consideration transferred		$ 5,200
Contingent consideration	$ 73,627
Purchase Price
Purchase price	112,815
Assets acquired
Current assets	1,757
Property and equipment, net	2,315
Operating lease right of use assets	5,064
Goodwill	13,020
Other assets	0
Current liabilities	(16,940)
Deferred tax liability	(4,227)
Other liabilities	(3,784)
Fair value of assets acquired, less liabilities assumed	$ 112,815
Weighted average useful life	20 years
VIA Motors International, Inc. | SAFE note
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Fair value of consideration transferred	$ 581
VIA Motors International, Inc. | Secured convertible note
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Fair value of consideration transferred	5,165
VIA Motors International, Inc. | Common Stock
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Fair value of consideration transferred	28,617
VIA Motors International, Inc. | Preferred Stock
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Fair value of consideration transferred	4,825
VIA Motors International, Inc. | Development technology
Assets acquired
Intangible assets	$ 104,200
Weighted average useful life	20 years
VIA Motors International, Inc. | Trademarks and trade name
Assets acquired
Intangible assets	$ 11,410
Weighted average useful life	20 years
Energica
Purchase Price
Cash paid at closing, including working capital estimates			$ 58,140
Fair value of previously held interest			22,183
Fair value of non-controlling interest			24,778
Purchase price			105,101
Assets acquired
Current assets			19,708
Property and equipment, net			1,927
Goodwill			60,394
Other assets			1,024
Current liabilities			(16,894)
Other liabilities			(8,383)
Fair value of assets acquired, less liabilities assumed			$ 105,101
Weighted average useful life			14 years 8 months 12 days
Energica | Customer relationships
Assets acquired
Intangible assets			$ 14,226
Weighted average useful life			13 years
Energica | Development technology
Assets acquired
Intangible assets			$ 18,603
Weighted average useful life			8 years
Energica | Trademarks and trade name
Assets acquired
Intangible assets			$ 14,496
Weighted average useful life			25 years

XML

Acquisitions and Divestitures - Estimated Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
2023 remaining	$ 14,567
2024	18,748
2025	16,634
2026	14,732
2027	13,154
Thereafter	72,792
Total	150,627	$ 43,599
VIA Motors International, Inc.
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
2023 remaining	9,821
2024	14,591
2025	12,487
2026	10,709
2027	9,178
Thereafter	53,212
Total	109,998
Energica
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
2023 remaining	2,976
2024	3,967
2025	3,967
2026	3,967
2027	3,967
Thereafter	23,658
Total	$ 42,502

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Acquisitions and Divestitures - Pro Forma Financial Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]
Total revenue	$ 8,183	$ 9,406	$ 13,838	$ 11,655
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	$ (35,497)	$ (57,911)	$ (82,808)	$ (88,714)

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Restructuring - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Tree Technology Wind-Down
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 0.5
CHINA
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Restructuring charges		$ 1.0	$ 1.2
CHINA | Employee Severance
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Restructuring charges		$ 1.0	$ 1.1

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Restructuring - Summary of Restructuring Charges (Details) - Employee Severance - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 1,056	$ 0
Increase/(decrease)	689	0
Payment	(242)	0
Balance at the end of the period	$ 1,503	$ 0

XML

Property and Equipment, net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	$ 11,263		$ 11,263		$ 10,559
Less: accumulated depreciation	(3,004)		(3,004)		(1,909)
Property and equipment	8,259		8,259		8,650
Construction in progress	2,770		2,770		0
Property and equipment, net	11,029		11,029		8,650
Depreciation expense	700	$ 600	1,400	$ 900
Furniture and office equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	2,256		2,256		1,985
Vehicle
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	775		775		1,189
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	3,700		3,700		4,181
Shop equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment	$ 4,532		$ 4,532		$ 3,204

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) businessUnit segment	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Number of operating segments | segment			1
Number of reporting units | businessUnit			8
Amortization expense relating to intangible assets | $	$ 5.2	$ 1.7	$ 9.1	$ 1.9

XML

Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Goodwill Roll Forward (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 37,775
Goodwill acquired during the year	13,020
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates	442
Ending balance	$ 51,237

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Amortizing and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Definite lived intangible assets
Intangible before impairment	$ 163,330		$ 163,330		$ 50,018
Accumulated amortization	(12,703)		(12,703)		(4,120)
Accumulated impairment charge	0		0		(2,299)
Total	150,627		150,627		43,599
Total intangible assets
Intangible before impairment	163,355		163,355		50,043
Accumulated impairment charge	0		0		(2,299)
Intangible assets, net	150,652		150,652		43,624
Impairment loss of intangible assets	3,197	$ 320	37,984	$ 402
Website name
Indefinite lived intangible assets
Intangible before impairment	25		25		25
Net balance	$ 25		$ 25		25
Patents, trademarks and brands
Definite lived intangible assets
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	21 years 4 months 24 days		21 years 4 months 24 days
Intangible before impairment	$ 26,357		$ 26,357		14,734
Accumulated amortization	(1,327)		(1,327)		(660)
Accumulated impairment charge	0		0		0
Total	$ 25,030		$ 25,030		14,074
Customer relationships
Definite lived intangible assets
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	13 years 2 months 12 days		13 years 2 months 12 days
Intangible before impairment	$ 14,100		$ 14,100		13,937
Accumulated amortization	(1,446)		(1,446)		(824)
Accumulated impairment charge	0		0		0
Total	$ 12,654		$ 12,654		13,113
Licenses
Definite lived intangible assets
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	3 years 10 months 24 days		3 years 10 months 24 days
Intangible before impairment	$ 105		$ 105		141
Accumulated amortization	(23)		(23)		(16)
Accumulated impairment charge	0		0		0
Total	$ 82		$ 82		125
Software
Definite lived intangible assets
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	2 years 7 months 6 days		2 years 7 months 6 days
Intangible before impairment	$ 132		$ 132		2,981
Accumulated amortization	(57)		(57)		(667)
Accumulated impairment charge	0		0		(2,299)
Total	$ 75		75		15
Total intangible assets
Impairment loss of intangible assets			$ 8,900
Technology
Definite lived intangible assets
Weighted Average Remaining Useful Life (in years)	17 years 9 months 18 days		17 years 9 months 18 days
Intangible before impairment	$ 122,636		$ 122,636		18,225
Accumulated amortization	(9,850)		(9,850)		(1,953)
Accumulated impairment charge	0		0		0
Total	$ 112,786		$ 112,786		$ 16,272

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Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Expected Amortization Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$ 14,567
2024	18,748
2025	16,634
2026	14,732
2027	13,154
2028 and thereafter	72,792
Total	$ 150,627	$ 43,599

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Debt - Schedule of Promissory Notes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	May 01, 2023	Apr. 17, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Principal Amount	$ 17,336			$ 14,214
Carrying Amount	17,156			13,721
Long-term Note, less current portion	$ 1,820			1,957
YA II PN Convertible Debenture
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	8.00%
Principal Amount	$ 250			4,442
Carrying Amount	$ 256			3,928
YA II PN Convertible Debenture first amendment
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	8.00%
Principal Amount	$ 1,400			0
Carrying Amount	$ 1,429			0
YA II PN Convertible Debenture second amendment
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	8.00%
Principal Amount	$ 750		$ 800	0
Carrying Amount	$ 762			0
YA II PN Convertible Debenture third amendment
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	8.00%
Principal Amount	$ 4,130	$ 4,100		0
Carrying Amount	$ 3,765			0
Tillou promissory note
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	22.00%
Principal Amount	$ 2,000			2,000
Carrying Amount	$ 2,123			2,021
Therese promissory note
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	22.00%
Principal Amount	$ 1,200			0
Carrying Amount	$ 1,215			0
Commercial Insurance Premium Finance
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	6.00%
Principal Amount	$ 142			992
Carrying Amount	$ 142			992
SBA PPP due April 10, 2025
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	1.00%
Principal Amount	$ 172			219
Carrying Amount	172			219
Other lending agreements
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Principal Amount	7,292			6,561
Carrying Amount	$ 7,292			6,561
Other lending agreements | Minimum
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	0.10%
Other lending agreements | Maximum
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Interest Rate	11.80%
Convertible Note
Short-term Debt [Line Items]
Less: Current portion	$ (15,336)			$ (11,764)

XML

Debt - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) covenant	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) covenant	May 01, 2023 USD ($)	Apr. 17, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate (in percent)	9.60%	9.60%				8.10%
Number of covenants breached | covenant	2	2
Principal amount	$ 17,336	$ 17,336				$ 14,214
Repayments of debt		4,200
YA II PN Convertible Debenture first amendment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Convertible notes payable					$ 1,400
Option to purchase percentage of issued and outstanding common stock					0.70
Option aggregate purchase price					$ 2,500
Principal amount	1,400	1,400				0
YA II PN Convertible Debenture second amendment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Option to purchase percentage of issued and outstanding common stock				1
Option aggregate purchase price				$ 3,500
Principal amount	750	750		$ 800		0
YA II PN Convertible Debenture third amendment
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Option aggregate purchase price			$ 3,500
Principal amount	4,130	4,130	$ 4,100			0
YA II PN Convertible Debenture
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount	250	250				4,442
Interest expense	500	500
Amortization of debt discount	800	800
Therese Promissory Note Due On 6/6/2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unused borrowing capacity	$ 900	$ 900				$ 400

XML

Convertible Preferred Stock (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions		2 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Feb. 02, 2023 USD ($) shares	May 02, 2023 number_of_notice shares	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) vote $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 shares
Securities Purchase Agreement
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Common stock issuance (in shares)			700,000
Common stock issuance | $	$ 10.0
Number of cashless exercise notices received | number_of_notice		10
Number of warrants specified (in shares)		20,000,000
Warrant liabilities | $			$ 18.6
Preferred Stock | Securities Purchase Agreement
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Common stock issuance (in shares)	10,000,000
Warrants | Securities Purchase Agreement
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Common stock issuance (in shares)	10,000,000
Fair value of warrants | $			2.3
Number of warrants requested (in shares)		96,700,000
Adjustments to additional paid in capital, warrant issued | $			$ 1.0
Common Stock | Securities Purchase Agreement
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Number of warrants requested (in shares)		3.2	3,200,000
Series C Preferred Stock
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)			2,000,000	2,000,000.0
Number of shares (in shares)			0.16
Liquidation event, distributed amount per share (in dollars per share) | $ / shares			$ 0.1804
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)			1,159,276	0
Number of votes | vote			1
Series B Preferred Stock
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)			50,000,000	50,000,000
Convertible redeemable preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)			20,000,000	10,000,000
Series B Preferred Stock | Securities Purchase Agreement
Stockholders Equity [Line Items]
Common stock issuance (in shares)			14,000,000

XML

Related Party Transactions - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands, shares in Millions		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 13, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) entity	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($) entity	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) entity	Apr. 06, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 19, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 13, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Feb. 09, 2022
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amount due from related parties				$ 108		$ 386
Amount due to related parties				13,300
Principal amount				$ 17,336		$ 14,214
Disposal group, not discontinued operation, gain (loss) on disposal, statement of income or comprehensive income				Other income, net
SSE
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Percentage of ownership interest (in percent)											51.00%
Loss on disposal				$ 200
CRP
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Cost of revenue from related party				$ 100	$ 200
Number of related party entities | entity				3	3	3
Service agreement with SSSIG
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party transaction, amounts of transaction			$ 400
Board of Directors Chairman
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amount due from related parties				$ 200		$ 200
Amount due to related parties				700		700
Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amount due to related parties				2,279		2,152
Related Party | Glory Connection Sdn. Bhd.
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amount due to related parties				200		200
Related Party | Tree Technologies Sdn. Bhd.
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amount due to related parties						300
Principal amount				10,500
Related Party | CRP
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amount due to related parties				1,400		1,300
Related Party | Service agreement with SSSIG
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amount due to related parties				400		400
Related Party | FNL Stock Purchase Agreement
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amount due to related parties				$ 100		$ 100
Related Party | Third Party Promissory Note
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Principal amount							$ 1,000
Debt instrument, interest rate (in percent)							20.00%
Notes receivable, bearing interest rate plus (in percent)							2.00%
Management | Energica
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Amount due from related parties										$ 1,800
Option exercise (in shares) | shares		0.8
Options exercise		$ 1,300
Fair value of consideration transferred		$ 3,100
Immediate Family Member of Management or Principal Owner | December 2022 Promissory Note
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Principal amount									$ 2,000
Debt instrument, interest rate (in percent)									20.00%
Secured collateral									$ 2,400
Repayment of notes receivable from related party	$ 100
Immediate Family Member of Management or Principal Owner | March 2023 Promissory Note
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Principal amount								$ 2,000
Debt instrument, interest rate (in percent)								20.00%
Notes receivable, bearing interest rate plus (in percent)								2.00%

XML

Related Party Transactions - Lease Agreement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Operating lease right of use assets	$ 14,702		$ 14,702		$ 14,385
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	3,383		3,383		3,189
Operating lease liabilities - long term	14,093		14,093		$ 11,347
Selling, general and administrative expenses	23,626	$ 33,783	65,736	$ 64,817
Related Party | EMCH
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Operating lease right of use assets	305		305
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	47		47
Operating lease liabilities - long term	$ 258		258
Selling, general and administrative expenses			$ 27

XML

Share-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Aug. 03, 2018	Dec. 03, 2010
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options outstanding to purchase shares of common stock (in shares)		268,323	243,355		243,355
Share-based payments expense			$ 3.3	$ 2.9	$ 5.8	$ 5.2
Unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested share options			$ 1.6		$ 1.6
Weighted average period for recognition related to non-vested stock options (in years)					11 months 19 days
Total intrinsic value of shares exercised					$ 0.0	0.0
Total fair value of vested shares					$ 3.1	4.8
2010 Stock Incentive Plan ("the Plan")
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares authorized for issuance (in shares)							500,000	300,000
Number of options available for issuance (in shares)			400,000		400,000
Options
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options outstanding to purchase shares of common stock (in shares)			200,000		200,000
Cash received from options exercised					$ 0.0	$ 0.0
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding shares to purchase shares of common stock (in shares)			100,000		100,000
Adjusted restricted shares granted (in shares)	28,500
Unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted shares			$ 1.0		$ 1.0
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | VIA Motors International, Inc.
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted shares granted (in shares)	1,500,000
Amount of grant date fair value of the restricted shares	$ 0.7
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) | 2010 Stock Incentive Plan ("the Plan")
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted shares granted (in shares)		100,000			100,000
Vesting period		2 years			2 years
Amount of grant date fair value of the restricted shares		$ 1.6			$ 1.5

XML

Share-Based Compensation - Summary of Stock Option Activity (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Options Outstanding
Beginning balance (in shares)	268,323
Granted (in shares)	2,800
Expired (in shares)	(14,930)
Forfeited (in shares)	(12,838)
Ending balance (in shares)	243,355	268,323
Vested at end of period (in shares)	172,673
Expected to vest at end of period (in shares)	70,682
Weighted Average Exercise Price
Beginning balance (in dollars per share)	$ 146.35
Granted (in dollars per share)	4.75
Expired (in dollars per share)	149.28
Forfeited (in dollars per share)	35.55
Ending balance (in dollars per share)	150.21	$ 146.35
Vested at end of period (in dollars per share)	178.73
Expected to vest at end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 80.54
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
Outstanding	6 years 11 months 8 days	7 years 9 months 18 days
Vested at end of period (in years)	6 years 29 days
Expected to vest at end of period (in years)	9 years 21 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at beginning period	$ 0
Outstanding at end of period	0	$ 0
Vested at end of period	0
Expected to vest at end of period	$ 0

XML

Share-Based Compensation - Assumptions Used to Estimate the Fair Values (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	5 years 4 months 17 days
Expected volatility	128.00%
Expected volatility, minimum		123.00%
Expected volatility, maximum		124.00%
Expected dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Risk free interest rate	3.91%
Risk free interest rate, minimum		1.69%
Risk free interest rate, maximum		2.87%
Minimum
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)		5 years 6 months 3 days
Maximum
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)		5 years 6 months 10 days

XML

Share-Based Compensation - Warrants (Details) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable (in shares)	0	80,000
Acuitas
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable (in shares)	0	40,000
Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 36.25
Acuitas
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable (in shares)	0	40,000
Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 36.25

XML

Net Loss Per Common Share - Summary of Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net loss from continuing operations	$ (32,741)	$ (35,276)	$ (101,646)	$ (58,308)
Net loss from discontinued operations	(2,756)	(2,491)	(18,168)	(7,970)
Net loss attributable to Ideanomics, Inc. common shareholders	$ (35,497)	$ (37,767)	$ (119,814)	$ (66,278)
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding (in shares)	10,271,290	3,982,340	8,071,870	3,980,619
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (in shares)	10,271,290	3,982,340	8,071,870	3,980,619
Net loss per share:
Basic, loss per share from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ (3.19)	$ (8.86)	$ (12.59)	$ (14.65)
Diluted, loss per share from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	(3.19)	(8.86)	(12.59)	(14.65)
Basic, loss per share from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	(0.27)	(0.63)	(2.25)	(2.00)
Diluted, loss per share from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	(0.27)	(0.63)	(2.25)	(2.00)
Basic loss per share of Common Stock (in dollars per share)	(3.46)	(9.49)	(14.84)	(16.65)
Diluted loss per share of Common Stock (in dollars per share)	$ (3.46)	$ (9.49)	$ (14.84)	$ (16.65)

XML

Net Loss Per Common Share - Computation of Diluted Loss Per Share (Details) - shares shares in Thousands	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	22,473	1,178
Warrants
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	0	80
Options and RSUs
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	304	336
Series A Preferred Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	7	7
Series B Preferred Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	686	500
Series C Preferred Stock
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	186	0
Contingent shares
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	20,580	12
Convertible promissory note and interest
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Total (in shares)	710	243

XML

Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jan. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Income tax benefit	$ 467,000		$ 124,000	$ 3,382,000	$ 339,000
Valuation allowance				100.00%
Valuation allowance offset				80.00%
One-time income tax benefit				$ 2,400,000
Other tax benefit				1,000,000
Foreign income tax benefit					200,000
State income tax benefits					$ 100,000
Deferred tax assets	300,000			300,000			$ 300,000
Unrecognized tax positions	$ 0			$ 0			$ 0
VIA Motors International, Inc.
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Deferred tax liability						$ 4,227,000
Income tax benefit		$ 2,400,000
Energica
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Deferred tax liability								$ 4,700,000

XML

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands					3 Months Ended
	Jul. 18, 2023	Apr. 12, 2023	Jan. 10, 2023	Dec. 14, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrued salaries					$ 9,663	$ 7,328
McCarthy v. Ideanomics
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Value of damages				$ 700
Settlement amount		$ 700
Loss contingency paid					50
Accrued salaries					700
Cantor Fitzgerald, LLC v. Ideanomics
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Value of damages			$ 200
Cantor Fitzgerald, LLC v. Ideanomics | Subsequent Event
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Judgment amount	$ 100
3i LP v. Ideanomics
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Accrued expense					$ 500

XML

Contingent Consideration - Summary of Financial Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	$ 61,548	$ 867		$ 180,000
DBOT
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	$ 649	$ 649
Number of common stock issued (in shares)	8,106	8,106	100,000
Tree Technologies
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	$ 78	$ 118
Solectrac
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	100	100
VIA Motors International, Inc.
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	60,721
Level I
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level I | DBOT
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level I | Tree Technologies
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level I | Solectrac
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level I | VIA Motors International, Inc.
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0
Level II
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level II | DBOT
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level II | Tree Technologies
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level II | Solectrac
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level II | VIA Motors International, Inc.
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	0
Level III
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	61,548	867
Level III | DBOT
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	649	649
Level III | Tree Technologies
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	78	118
Level III | Solectrac
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	100	$ 100
Level III | VIA Motors International, Inc.
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Contingent consideration	$ 60,721

XML

Contingent Consideration - Significant Inputs and Assumptions (Details)	Jun. 30, 2023 lease	Dec. 31, 2022 lease	Dec. 31, 2020
Risk-free interest rate | DBOT
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	0.1	0.1
Risk-free interest rate | Solectrac
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	3.4	3.4
Risk-free interest rate | VIA Motors International, Inc.
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	0.037
Expected volatility | DBOT
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input			30
Expected volatility | Solectrac
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	25	25
Expected volatility | VIA Motors International, Inc.
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	0.650
Expected term (years) | DBOT
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	0.08	0.08
Expected dividend yield | DBOT
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	0	0
Weighted-average cost of capital | Tree Technologies
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	15	15
Probability | Tree Technologies | Minimum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	5	5
Probability | Tree Technologies | Maximum
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	20	20
Expected discount rate | Solectrac
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	13.1	13.1
Expected discount rate | VIA Motors International, Inc.
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Contingent consideration liability, measurement input	0.139

XML

Contingent Consideration - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Contingent Consideration
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Remeasurement gain recognized in the statement of operations	$ 12,947

XML

Contingent Consideration - Reconciliation of Level 3 Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Contingent Consideration $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 867
Addition	73,628
Remeasurement loss/(gain) recognized in the statement of operations	(12,947)
Ending balance	$ 61,548

XML

Subsequent Events (Details) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions	Aug. 22, 2023 extension $ / shares	Aug. 07, 2023 USD ($) shares	Jul. 25, 2023 USD ($)	Jul. 14, 2023 USD ($)	Aug. 25, 2023 USD ($)	Aug. 01, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Principal amount							$ 17,336,000	$ 14,214,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares							$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.001
Stock split	0.008
Subscription price (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.10
Share price period	10 days
Number of extension periods | extension	2
Subsequent Event | Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement Closure
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Payments of stock issuance costs			$ 600,000
Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, October 25, 2022 | Subsequent Event | Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement Closure
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Principal amount			250,000
Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, March 30, 2023 | Subsequent Event | Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement Closure
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Principal amount			1,400,000
Secured Debenture Purchase Agreement, April 17, 2023 | Subsequent Event | Fiducia Stock Purchase Agreement Closure
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Principal amount			$ 750,000
YA II PN, Ltd | Subsequent Event | Series B Convertible Preferred Stock
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Payments of stock issuance costs		$ 2,500,000
Sale of stock, number of shares issued in transaction (in shares) | shares		6.0
Investment consideration		$ 6,000,000
Dividends payable						$ 445,480.94
Convertible preferred stock held					$ 3,000,000
YA II PN, Ltd | Convertible Debenture Purchase Agreement - YA Fourth Amendment | Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Payments to acquire businesses, gross				$ 1,500,000
Principal and accrued and unpaid interest				$ 1,900,000
YA II PN, Ltd | Convertible Debenture Purchase Agreement - YA Fourth Amendment | Subsequent Event | Convertible Debt
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Debt instrument, percentage of principal amount being redeemed (in percent)				20.00%
Debt instrument, interest rate (in percent)				8.00%
Interest rate in event of default (in percent)				18.00%