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Investments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2016
Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract]  
Investments
Note 7. Investments
Investment in Topgolf International, Inc.
The Company owns a minority interest in Topgolf International, Inc., doing business as the Topgolf Entertainment Group (“Topgolf”), the owner and operator of Topgolf entertainment centers, which ownership consists of common stock and various classes of preferred stock. In connection with this investment, the Company has a preferred partner agreement with Topgolf in which the Company has preferred signage rights, rights as the preferred supplier of golf products used or offered for use at Topgolf facilities at prices no less than those paid by the Company’s customers, preferred retail positioning in the Topgolf retail stores, access to consumer information obtained by Topgolf, and other rights incidental to those listed above.
In January 2016, the Company invested an additional $1,260,000 in preferred shares of Topgolf. In February 2016, Topgolf announced that Providence Equity Partners L.L.C. (“Providence Equity”) made a significant minority preferred stock investment in Topgolf (the “Providence Equity Investment”). As required by the terms of the Providence Equity Investment, Topgolf used a portion of the proceeds it received to repurchase shares from its existing shareholders, other than Providence Equity (the “Topgolf Repurchase Program”). In April 2016, the Company sold approximately 10.0% or $5,767,000 (on a cost basis) of its preferred shares in Topgolf under the Topgolf Repurchase Program for $23,429,000, which reduced the Company's total investment to $48,808,000, and the Company's ownership percentage to approximately 15.0%. In connection with this sale, during the second quarter of 2016, the Company recognized a gain of approximately $17,662,000 in other income (expense).
Following the completion of the Providence Equity Investment and the Topgolf Repurchase Program, the Company estimated that the fair value of its Topgolf shares was within the range of $207,000,000 to $217,000,000. This fair value estimate was based solely upon the valuations and pricing in the Providence Equity Investment and related Topgolf Repurchase Program. No discount was attributed to this fair value estimate for any preferred terms, including any shareholder, governance or other rights provided to Providence Equity that may differ from those held by the Company, and no premium was attributed to this fair value estimate for any incremental value that might otherwise apply in the case of a change in control transaction (e.g. an initial public offering or sale of Topgolf). The Company’s Topgolf shares are illiquid and there is no assurance that the Company could sell its shares for the estimated fair value, or at all. Further, this estimate represents the fair value as of a point in time immediately after the Providence Equity Investment and the Topgolf Repurchase Program. Since that time, Topgolf has continued with its new site development plans, including the opening of its flagship site in Las Vegas, Nevada. The value of the Company’s shares is significantly affected by the number of sites opened by Topgolf and, as a result, the range in fair value of the Company's Topgolf shares discussed above may not be indicative of the current fair value of the Company's investment in Topgolf. The current or future value of the Company’s shares may differ materially from the previously estimated fair value. In addition to the number of new Topgolf sites opened, the current or future fair value will be affected by many factors, including the availability of interested and willing buyers, the future performance of the Topgolf business, Topgolf’s future capital structure, potential future dilution, and private and public equity market valuations and market conditions. In the absence of the Providence Equity Investment, it would not have been practicable for the Company to estimate the fair value of its Topgolf shares. In the absence of another transaction indicative of fair market value, the Company does not anticipate that it will be practicable on a cost-benefit basis to estimate the fair value of its Topgolf shares in the future. As the fair value range was derived from the private placement transaction described above, it is categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy (see Note 12).
In addition, in December 2015, the Company and Topgolf entered into a shareholder loan agreement, which resulted in a note receivable from Topgolf for $3,200,000. The loan was subject to an annual interest rate of 10.0%, and was due and payable on March 30, 2016. The loan was paid in full in February 2016.
The Company’s total ownership interest in Topgolf, including the Company's voting rights in the preferred shares of Topgolf, remains at less than 20.0% of the outstanding equity securities of Topgolf. As of September 30, 2016, the Company did not have the ability to significantly influence the operating and financing activities and policies of Topgolf, and accordingly, the Company’s investment in Topgolf is accounted for at cost in accordance with ASC Topic 325, “Investments—Other.”