Income Taxes

The Company's effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 were 49.3% and (37.3)%, respectively. The effective tax rates differed from the statutory rate of 35% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 primarily due to the effect of the dividends received deduction ("DRD").

The Company's effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 were 24.8% and 24.0%, respectively. The effective tax rates differed from the statutory rate of 35% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 primarily due to the effect of the DRD.

Tax Sharing Agreement

The results of the Company's operations are included in the consolidated tax return of Voya Financial, Inc. Generally, the Company's consolidated financial statements recognize the current and deferred income tax consequences that result from the Company's activities during the current and preceding periods pursuant to the provisions of Income Taxes (ASC Topic 740) as if the Company were a separate taxpayer rather than a member of Voya Financial, Inc.'s consolidated income tax return group with the exception of any net operating loss carryforwards and capital loss carryforwards, which are recorded pursuant to the tax sharing agreement. If the Company instead were to follow a separate taxpayer approach without any exceptions, there would be no impact to income tax expense (benefit) for the periods indicated above. Also, any current tax benefit related to the Company's tax attributes realized by virtue of its inclusion in the consolidated tax return of Voya Financial, Inc. would have been recorded directly to equity rather than income. Under the tax sharing agreement, Voya Financial, Inc. will pay the Company for the tax benefits of ordinary and capital losses only in the event that the consolidated tax group actually uses the tax benefit of losses generated.

Tax Regulatory Matters

During 2016, the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") completed its examination of Voya Financial, Inc.'s consolidated return (including the Company) through tax year 2015. The audit settlement did not have a material impact on the Company. Voya Financial, Inc. (including the Company) is currently under audit by the IRS, and it is expected that the examination of tax year 2016 may be finalized within the next twelve months. Voya Financial, Inc. (including the Company) and the IRS have agreed to participate in the Compliance Assurance Process for the tax years 2016 and 2017.