Financial Instruments
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Jun. 30, 2011
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Financial Instruments [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Financial Instruments |
(3) Financial Instruments
We measure certain financial instruments at fair value on a recurring basis using the
following valuation techniques:
(A) Market approach — Uses prices and other relevant information generated by market
transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities.
(B) Income approach — Uses valuation techniques to convert future estimated cash flows to a
single present amount based on current market expectations about those future amounts, using
present value techniques.
The fair values of our financial instruments were determined using the following input
levels and valuation techniques:
Level 1 classification is applied to any asset or liability that has a readily
available quoted market price from an active market where there is significant transparency
in the executed/quoted price.
Level 2 classification is applied to assets and liabilities that have evaluated prices
where the data inputs to these valuations are observable either directly or indirectly, but
do not represent quoted market prices from an active market.
Level 3 classification is applied to assets and liabilities when prices are not derived
from existing market data and requires us to develop our own assumptions about how market
participants would value the asset or liability.
The following table summarizes the activity in Level 3 financial instruments for the
quarters ended June 30, 2011 and 2010:
Investments
Our cash, cash equivalents and investments were comprised of the following:
The following summarizes the underlying contractual maturities of our
available-for-sale investments in debt securities at June 30, 2011:
At June 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011, we held auction rate securities with a par value
of $29.6 million and $29.8 million, respectively, which were classified as
available-for-sale. The total estimated fair value of our auction rate securities was $26.8
million and $27.2 million at June 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011, respectively. Our auction
rate securities consist entirely of bonds issued by public agencies that are backed by
student loans with at least a 97% guarantee by the federal government under the United
States Department of Education’s Federal Family Education Loan Program. All of these bonds
are currently rated investment grade by Moody’s or Standard and Poor’s. Auctions for these
securities began failing in early 2008 and have continued to fail, resulting in our
continuing to hold such securities and the issuers paying interest at the maximum
contractual rates. We do not believe that any of the underlying issuers of these auction
rate securities are presently at risk of default or that the underlying credit quality of
the assets backing the auction rate security investments has been impacted by the reduced
liquidity of these investments. Due to the illiquidity in the auction rate securities market
caused by failed auctions, we estimated the fair value of these securities and the put
option discussed below using internally developed models of the expected cash flows of the
securities which incorporate assumptions about the expected cash flows of the underlying
student loans and estimates of the rate of return required by investors, which includes an
adjustment to reflect a lack of liquidity in the market for these securities. Periodically,
the issuers of certain of our auction rate securities have redeemed portions of our holdings
at par value plus accrued interest. During the quarters ended June 30, 2011 and 2010,
issuers redeemed available-for-sale holdings of $0.2 million and $10.8 million,
respectively, and trading holdings of $5.4 million during the quarter ended June 30, 2010.
In November 2008, we entered into a put agreement with a bank from which we acquired
certain auction rate securities. On July 1, 2010, we exercised our right under this
agreement to put the remaining securities subject to this agreement, with $11.2 million par
value, to the bank. The auction rate securities subject to the put were classified as
short-term investments and trading securities and, accordingly, any changes in the fair
value of these securities were recognized in earnings. In addition, we elected the option
under GAAP to record the put option at fair value. The fair value adjustments to these
auction rate securities and the related put option, prior to the exercise of the put on July
1, 2010, resulted in minimal net impact to the condensed consolidated statement of
operations for the quarter ended June 30, 2010.
The unrealized loss on our available-for-sale auction rate securities, which have a
fair value of $26.8 million at June 30, 2011, was $2.8 million and was recorded in
accumulated other comprehensive income as we believe the decline in fair value of these
auction rate securities is temporary. In making this determination, we primarily considered
the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuers, the probability scheduled
cash flows will continue to be made and the likelihood we would be required to sell the
investments before recovery of our cost basis. These available-for-sale auction rate
securities have been in an unrealized loss position for greater than twelve months. Because
of the uncertainty related to the timing of liquidity associated with these auction rate
securities, these securities are classified as long-term investments at June 30, 2011 and
March 31, 2011.
Derivative Financial Instruments
We operate globally and transact business in various foreign currencies. Our foreign
currency exposures relate primarily to certain foreign currency denominated assets and
liabilities, primarily non-U.S. dollar denominated accounts receivable, cash and
intercompany balances held by U.S. dollar functional currency entities. To minimize the risk
from changes in foreign currency exchange rates, we have established a program that utilizes
foreign currency forward contracts to offset the risks associated with the effects of
certain foreign currency exposures. Gains or losses on our foreign currency exposures are
offset by gains or losses on the foreign currency forward contracts entered into under this
program. These foreign currency forward contracts generally have terms of one month or less
and are generally entered into at the prevailing market exchange rate at the end of each
month. We do not use forward contracts for speculative purposes. While these foreign
currency forward contracts are utilized to hedge foreign currency exposures, they are not
formally designated as hedges, and therefore, the changes in the fair values of these
derivatives are recognized
currently in earnings. We record these foreign currency forward contracts at fair value
as either assets or liabilities depending on their net settlement position with each
respective counterparty at the balance sheet date.
The fair value of our outstanding foreign currency forward contracts that closed in a
gain position at June 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011 was $1.5 million and $5.8 million,
respectively, and was recorded within other current assets in our condensed consolidated
balance sheets. The fair value of our outstanding foreign currency forward contracts that
closed in a loss position at June 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011 was $2.7 million and $3.3
million, respectively, and was recorded within accrued liabilities in our condensed
consolidated balance sheets. The notional amounts at contract exchange rates of our foreign
currency forward contracts outstanding were:
Our use of foreign currency forward exchange contracts is intended to principally offset gains
and losses associated with foreign currency exposures. Therefore, the notional amounts and
currencies underlying our foreign currency forward contracts will fluctuate period to period as
they are principally dependent on the balances and currency denomination of monetary assets and
liabilities maintained by our global entities. The effect of the foreign currency forward contracts
for the quarters ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, was a loss of $3.7 million and a gain of $11.5
million, respectively, which, after including gains and losses on our foreign currency exposures,
resulted in a net loss of $1.0 million and $2.2 million, respectively, recorded in interest and
other income, net.
We are exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by counterparties to
derivative financial instruments, but we do not expect any counterparties to fail to meet their
obligations given their high credit ratings. In addition, we diversify this risk across several
counterparties and utilize netting agreements to mitigate the counterparty credit risk.
Trade Finance Receivables
A substantial portion of our trade finance receivables are transferred to financial
institutions on a non-recourse basis. We utilize wholly-owned finance subsidiaries in these finance
receivables transfers. These entities are consolidated into our financial position and results of
operations. We account for such transfers as sales in accordance with applicable accounting rules
pertaining to the transfer of financial assets and the sale of future revenue when we have
surrendered control of such receivables (including determining that such assets have been isolated
beyond our reach and the reach of our creditors) and when we do not have significant continuing
involvement in the generation of cash flows due the financial institutions. During the quarters
ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, we transferred $11.1 million and $109.0 million, respectively, of
such receivables through these programs. Finance receivables are typically transferred within
several months after origination and the outstanding principal balance at the time of transfer
typically approximates fair value.
For those finance receivables not transferred, we evaluate the credit risk of finance
receivables in our portfolio based on regional characteristics specific to the risk climate in each
of our geographic operations as well as based on internal credit quality indicators for individual
receivables. We evaluate the credit risk of finance receivables using an internal credit rating
system based on whether an individual receivable meets specific internal criteria including
counterparty credit rating and receivable maturity date and assign an internal credit rating of 1,
2 or 3, with a credit rating of 1 representing the best credit quality.
For all regions and credit categories, a finance receivable will be specifically reserved once
deemed uncollectible. As of June 30, 2011, we held $231.8 million of finance receivables, net of
$0.3 million of specific receivables which have been fully reserved.
At June 30, 2011, our finance receivables balance, net of allowance, by region and by class of
internal credit rating is as follows:
Other Financial Instruments
The fair value of our senior unsecured notes due 2018 at June 30, 2011 and March 31, 2011,
based on market prices, was $348.2 million and $348.9 million, respectively, compared to the
carrying value of $298.8 million and $298.7 million, respectively.
The carrying values of all other financial instruments, consisting primarily of trade and
finance receivables, accounts payable and other borrowings, approximate their respective fair
values.
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