UNPAID CLAIM AND CLAIM EXPENSES

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

UNPAID CLAIM AND CLAIM EXPENSESThe liability for unpaid claims and claim expenses as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:

Liability for Unpaid Claims and Claim Expenses


	December 31,
		2022		2021
		(in millions)
Gross Balance at January 1,		$	78	$	40
Less Reinsurance		23		15
Net Balance at January 1,		55		25

Incurred Claims (net) Related to:
Current Period		190		139
Prior Period		(6)		11
Total Incurred		184		150

Paid Claims (net) Related to:
Current Period		131		101
Prior Period		34		19
Total Paid		165		120

Net Balance at December 31,		74		55
Add Reinsurance		36		23
Gross Balance at December 31,		$	110	$	78

The table below presents incurred claims development as of December 31, 2022, net of reinsurance, cumulative claims frequency, and the total incurred but not reported liability (“IBNR”) for Equitable America’s long-term disability business:


	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		IBNR		Claim Frequency
	(in millions)
Long-term Disability
Incurral Year

2017	$	2	$	1	$	2	$	2	$	2	$	2			113
2018	4		4		4		4		5						191
2019	5		5		6		7								265
2020	8		9		10										371
2021	16		16												648
2022	22												$	8	392
Cumulative LTD Incurred Claims	$	57	$	35	$	22	$	13	$	7	$	2	$	8

The table below presents incurred claims development as of December 31, 2021, net of reinsurance, cumulative claims frequency, and total IBNR for Equitable America's long-term disability business:


	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		IBNR	Claim Frequency

Long-term Disability
Incurral Year
2017	$	1	$	2	$	2	$	2	$	2		113
2018	4		4		4		5					191


2019	5		6		7								265
2020	9		10										371
2021	16										$	5	391
Cumulative LTD Incurred Claims	$	35	$	22	$	13	$	7	$	2	$	5

The claim frequency for long-term disability represents the number of unique claim events for which benefit payments have been made. Claim events are identified using a unique claimant identifier and incurral date (claim event date). Thus, if an individual has multiple claims for different disabling events (and thus different disability dates), each will be reported as a unique claim event. However, if an individual receives multiple benefits under more than one policy (for example, supplementary disability benefits in addition to the base policy), we treat it as a single claim occurrence because they are related to a single claim event. Claim frequency is expected to be lower for the most recent incurral year because claimants have to satisfy elimination period before being eligible for benefits. The historical claim payout pattern for the long-term disability for the years presented in the development table is not available because this is a relatively new line of business.

Equitable America discounts long-term disability liabilities as benefit payments are made over extended periods. Discount rate assumptions for these liabilities are based on the best estimate GAAP rates by year of incurral.

The following table reconciles the long-term disability net incurred claims development table to the liability for unpaid claims and claim expenses in the Company’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:


	December 31,
	2022		2021
	(in millions)
Long-Term Disability Claim Development Table, net of reinsurance
Undiscounted LTD Incurred Claims, net of reinsurance	$	57	$	35
Subtract Cumulative LTD Paid Claims, net of reinsurance	(21)		(12)
Subtract Impact of LTD Discounting, net of reinsurance	(4)		(3)
LTD liabilities for unpaid claim and claim expense, net of reinsurance	$	32	$	20

Unpaid Claims and Claim Expenses, net of reinsurance
LTD liabilities for unpaid claim and claim expense, net of reinsurance	$	32	$	20
Other short-duration contracts, net of reinsurance	42		35
Total liabilities for unpaid claim and claim expense, net of reinsurance	$	74	$	55

Reinsurance Recoverable on unpaid claims
Long-term disability	$	33	$	21
Other short-duration contracts	3		2
Total Reinsurance Recoverable	$	36	$	23

Total liability for unpaid claim and claim expense	$	110	$	78