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Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

Our accounting and financial reporting policies conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).  Related party transactions presented in the Consolidated Financial Statements are disclosed in Note 12 – Related Party Transactions.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of TMCC, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and all variable interest entities (“VIE”) of which we are the primary beneficiary.  All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Because of inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.  The accounting estimates that are most important to our business are the accumulated depreciation related to our investments in operating leases and the allowance for credit losses.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

On April 1, 2019, we adopted the following new accounting standards:

Leases

We adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), along with the subsequently issued guidance amending and clarifying various aspects of the new lease guidance, using the modified retrospective method.  In accordance with that method, the comparative period’s information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the lease accounting guidance in effect for that period.  We also elected to apply the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance of the new standard which allowed us to not reassess our historical lease classification, initial direct costs, and whether or not contracts entered into prior to adoption are or contain leases.  As a lessor, the adoption of ASU 2016-02, did not have a significant impact on our financial statements.  As a lessee, the adoption of ASU 2016-02 added right-of-use (“ROU”) assets of $115 million and operating lease liabilities of $122 million, which are included in Other assets, and in Other liabilities, respectively, in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.  The adoption of this new guidance did not impact our Consolidated Statement of Income and did not result in a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings.

Refer to Note 4 – Investments in Operating Leases, Net and Note 9 – Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.

Other Recently Adopted Standards

We adopted ASU 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs, which requires certain premiums on callable debt securities to be amortized to the earliest call date.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

We adopted ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.  The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures as we no longer have hedge accounting derivatives.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we adopted ASU 2019-07, Codification Updates to Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) SectionsAmendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Final Rule Releases No. 33-10532, “Disclosure Update and Simplification,” and Nos. 33-10231 and 33-10442, “Investment Company Reporting Modernization,” and Miscellaneous Updates.  This guidance was effective upon issuance in July 2019 and aligns the guidance in various SEC sections to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standard Codification with the requirements of certain already effective SEC final rules.  While most of the amendments in this release eliminate outdated or duplicative disclosure requirements, the final rule release amends the interim financial statement requirements to include a reconciliation of changes in shareholder’s equity for each period for which an income statement is required to be filed.  We have disclosed the required information in the Consolidated Statements of Shareholder’s Equity.  The other eliminations or amendments did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Accounting Guidance Issued But Not Yet Adopted

Accounting Guidance Issued But Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.  This guidance introduces a new impairment model based on expected losses rather than incurred losses for certain types of financial instruments.  It also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and provides for a simplified accounting model for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination.  The FASB subsequently issued guidance amending and clarifying aspects of the new impairment model.  This ASU and the related amendments are effective for us on April 1, 2020.  Upon adoption of the guidance on April 1, 2020, based on our current loan portfolio attributes and forecasts of future economic conditions, we estimate an increase in our allowance for credit losses on finance receivables of approximately $292 million and a corresponding reduction to our opening retained earnings, net of income taxes.  Additionally, the adoption of this ASU and the related amendments will not have a material impact to our available-for-sale debt securities portfolio.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which modifies disclosure requirements related to fair value measurement.  This ASU is effective for us on April 1, 2020.  The adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software, which aligns the accounting for costs incurred to implement a cloud computing arrangement that is a service arrangement with the guidance on capitalizing costs associated with developing or obtaining internal-use software.  This ASU is effective for us on April 1, 2020.  The adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.  

In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-17, Consolidation (Topic 810), which requires indirect interests held through related parties in common control arrangements to be considered on a proportional basis for determining whether fees paid to decision makers and service providers are variable interests.  This ASU is effective for us on April 1, 2021.  The adoption of this guidance will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.   

In April 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments. The applicable provisions of this ASU are effective for us on April 1, 2020. The adoption of guidance related to Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments, will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Our adoption status for Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses is discussed above.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, which provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform.  The new guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met.  Entities may apply the provisions of the new standard as of the beginning of the reporting period when the election is made.  The provisions of this update are available until December 31, 2022, when the reference rate replacement activity is expected to have completed.  We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.  

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents represent highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the date of acquisition and may include money market instruments, commercial paper, certificates of deposit, U.S. government and agency obligations, or similar instruments.

Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Restricted cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash and cash equivalents include customer collections on securitized receivables to be distributed to investors as payments on the related secured notes and loans payable, which are primarily related to securitization trusts.  Restricted cash equivalents may also contain proceeds from certain debt issuances for which the use of the cash is restricted.

Investments in Marketable Securities

Investments in marketable securities

Investments in marketable securities consist of debt securities and equity investments.  

Debt securities are designated as available-for-sale (“AFS”) and are recorded at fair value with unrealized gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”), net of applicable taxes. An unrealized loss exists when the current fair value of an individual security is less than its amortized cost basis.  We conduct periodic reviews of AFS debt securities to determine whether the loss is deemed to be other-than-temporary.

If an other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) loss is deemed to exist, we first determine whether we have the intent to sell the debt security or if it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the debt security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.  If so, the cost basis of the security is written down to fair value and the loss is reflected in Investment and other income, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income.  If we do not have the intent to sell nor is it more likely than not that we will be required to sell, the credit loss component of the OTTI losses is recognized in Investment and other income, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income, while the remainder of the loss is recognized in AOCI.  The credit loss component is identified as the portion of the amortized cost of the security not expected to be collected over the remaining term as projected using a cash flow analysis for debt securities.

All equity investments are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value included in Investment and other income, net in our Consolidated Statements of Income.  Realized gains and losses from sales of equity investments are determined using the first in first out method and are included in Investment and other income, net within our Consolidated Statements of Income.

Debt Issuance Costs

Debt issuance costs are deferred and amortized to interest expense on an effective yield basis over the contractual term of the debt.

Foreign Currency Transactions

Upon issuance of fixed rate debt, we generally elect to enter into pay-float swaps to convert fixed rate payments on debt to floating rate payments.  Certain unsecured notes and loans payable are denominated in various foreign currencies.  The debt is translated into U.S. dollars using the applicable exchange rate at the transaction date and retranslated at each balance sheet date using the exchange rate in effect at that date.  Concurrent with the issuance of these foreign currency unsecured notes and loans payable, we enter into currency swaps in the same notional amount to convert non-U.S. currency payments to U.S. dollar denominated payments.  Gains and losses related to foreign currency transactions are included in Interest expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income.  

Variable Interest Entities

A VIE is an entity that either (i) has insufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or (ii) has equity investors who lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest.  The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party with both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb the losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

To assess whether we have the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, we consider all the facts and circumstances including our role in establishing the VIE and our ongoing rights and responsibilities.  This assessment includes identifying the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and identifying which party, if any, has power over those activities.  In general, the party that makes the most significant decisions affecting the VIE is determined to have the power to direct the activities of the VIE.  To assess whether we have the obligation to absorb the losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE, we consider all of our economic interests, including debt and equity interests, servicing rights and fee arrangements, and any other variable interests in the VIE.  If we determine that we are the party with the power to make the most significant decisions affecting the VIE, and we have an obligation to absorb the losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE, then we consolidate the VIE.

We perform ongoing reassessments, usually quarterly, of whether we are the primary beneficiary of a VIE.  The reassessment process considers whether we have acquired or divested the power to direct the most significant activities of the VIE through changes in governing documents or other circumstances.  We also reconsider whether entities previously determined not to be VIEs have become VIEs, based on new events, and therefore could be subject to the VIE consolidation framework.

Income Taxes

We use the liability method of accounting for income taxes under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted to reflect changes in tax rates and laws in the period such changes are enacted resulting in adjustments to the current fiscal year’s provision for income taxes.

TMCC files a consolidated federal income tax return with TFSIC and its subsidiaries.  Current and deferred federal income taxes are allocated to TMCC as if it were a separate taxpayer.  TMCC’s net operating losses and tax credits are utilized when those losses and credits are used by TFSIC and its subsidiaries including TMCC in the consolidated federal income tax return.  TMCC files either separate or consolidated/combined state income tax returns with TMNA, TFSIC, or subsidiaries of TMCC.  State income tax expense is generally recognized as if TMCC and its subsidiaries filed their tax returns on a stand-alone basis.  In those states where TMCC and its subsidiaries join in the filing of consolidated or combined income tax returns, TMCC and its subsidiaries are allocated their share of the total income tax expense based on combined allocation/apportionment factors and separate company income or loss.  Based on the federal and state tax sharing agreements, TFSIC and TMCC and its subsidiaries pay for their share of the income tax expense and are reimbursed for the benefit of any of their tax losses and credits utilized in the federal and state income tax returns.

Revenue Recognition

Insurance Contract Revenues

We receive the contractually determined dealer cost at the inception of the contract.  Revenue is then deferred and recognized over the term of the contract according to earnings factors established by management that are based upon historical loss experience.  Contracts sold range in term from 3 to 120 months and are typically cancellable at any time.  The effect of subsequent cancellations is recorded as an offset to unearned contract revenues in Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

For the year ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, approximately 84 percent of Insurance earned premiums and contract revenues in the Insurance operations segment were accounted for under ASU 2014-09.

The Insurance operations segment defers contractually determined incentives paid to dealers as contract costs for selling vehicle and payment protection products.  These costs are recorded in Other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and are amortized to Operating and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Income using a methodology consistent with the recognition of revenue.  The amount of capitalized dealer incentives and the related amortization was not significant to our consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

Insurance Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses

Insurance Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses

Insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses include amounts paid and accrued for loss events that are known and have been recorded as claims, estimates of losses incurred but not reported based on actuarial estimates and historical loss development patterns, and loss adjustment expenses that are expected to be incurred in connection with settling and paying these claims.

Accruals for unpaid losses, losses incurred but not reported, and loss adjustment expenses are included in Other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. These accruals arising from contractual agreements entered into by TMIS are not significant as of March 31, 2020 and 2019.  Estimated liabilities are reviewed regularly, and we recognize any adjustments in the periods in which they are determined.  If anticipated losses, loss adjustment expenses, and unamortized acquisition and maintenance costs exceed the recorded unearned premium, a premium deficiency is recognized by first charging any unamortized acquisition costs to expense and then by recording a liability for any excess deficiency.

Risk Transfer

Risk Transfer

Our insurance operations transfer certain risks to protect us against the impact of unpredictable high severity losses.  The amounts recoverable from reinsurers and other companies that assume liabilities relating to our Insurance operations are determined in a manner consistent with the related reinsurance or risk transfer agreement.  Amounts recoverable from reinsurers and other companies on unpaid losses are recorded as a receivable but are not collectible until the losses are paid.  Revenues related to risks transferred are recognized on the same basis as the related revenues from the underlying agreements.  Covered losses are recorded as a reduction to Insurance losses and loss adjustment expenses.