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Loans - Credit Risk Profile of Commercial Loans (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans $ 68,553 $ 68,978 $ 72,563
Commercial Loans [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans 48,211 49,342  
Commercial Loans [Member] | Real Estate, Including Construction [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans 11,501 11,344 10,533
Commercial Loans [Member] | Business and Corporate Banking [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans 13,479 13,066 12,504
Commercial Loans [Member] | Global Banking [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans 17,915 [1] 20,167 [1] 20,088
Commercial Loans [Member] | Other Commercial [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans 5,316 [2] 4,765 [2] $ 9,910
Investment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans [3] 29,991 31,197  
Investment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member] | Real Estate, Including Construction [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans [3] 6,332 6,769  
Investment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member] | Business and Corporate Banking [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans [3] 6,029 5,674  
Investment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member] | Global Banking [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans [3] 12,981 14,764  
Investment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member] | Other Commercial [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans [3] 4,649 3,990  
Noninvestment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans 18,220 18,145  
Noninvestment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member] | Real Estate, Including Construction [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans 5,169 4,575  
Noninvestment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member] | Business and Corporate Banking [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans 7,450 7,392  
Noninvestment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member] | Global Banking [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans 4,934 5,403  
Noninvestment Grade [Member] | Commercial Loans [Member] | Other Commercial [Member]      
Financing Receivable, Credit Quality Indicator [Line Items]      
Total loans $ 667 $ 775  
[1] Represents large multinational firms including globally focused U.S. corporate and financial institutions, U.S. dollar lending to multinational banking clients managed by HSBC on a global basis and complex large business clients supported by Global Banking and Markets relationship managers.
[2] See Note 23, "Related Party Transactions," for additional information regarding loans to HSBC affiliates.
[3] Investment grade includes commercial loans with credit ratings of at least BBB- or above or the equivalent based on our internal credit rating system.