Income Taxes

Pretax income for 2014, 2013 and 2012 was taxed in the following jurisdictions:



	2014		2013		2012
	(In thousands)
Domestic	$	275,334	$	233,530	$	65,738
Foreign	117,106		119,599		20,466
Total	$	392,440	$	353,129	$	86,204

The provision (benefit) for income taxes for 2014, 2013 and 2012, was as follows:



	2014			2013			2012
	(In thousands)
Current
U.S.	$	77,454		$	59,707		$	59,811
State and local	7,133			8,123			5,764
Foreign	37,060			33,240			20,228
Total current	121,647			101,070			85,803
Deferred
U.S.	(3,176		)	1,500			(31,246		)
State and local	(1,708		)	(55		)	(2,377		)
Foreign	(3,709		)	(4,601		)	(3,606		)
Total deferred	(8,593		)	(3,156		)	(37,229		)
Total provision for income taxes	$	113,054		$	97,914		$	48,574

Deferred tax assets (liabilities) at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were:



	2014			2013
	(In thousands)
Employee and retiree benefit plans	$	38,871		$	27,361
Depreciation and amortization	(172,766		)	(175,894		)
Inventories	11,229			9,627
Allowances and accruals	14,552			9,632
Interest rate exchange agreement	15,448			18,165
Other	4,626			4,636
Total	$	(88,040	)	$	(106,473	)

The deferred tax assets and liabilities recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 were:



	2014			2013
	(In thousands)
Deferred tax asset — other current assets	$	39,305		$	34,151
Deferred tax asset — other noncurrent assets	3,080			4,284
Total deferred tax assets	42,385			38,435
Deferred tax liability — accrued expenses	(57		)	—
Noncurrent deferred tax liability — deferred income taxes	(130,368		)	(144,908		)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(130,425		)	(144,908		)
Net deferred tax liabilities	$	(88,040	)	$	(106,473	)

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to pretax income. The computed amount and the differences for 2014, 2013 and 2012 are shown in the following table:



	2014			2013			2012
	(In thousands)
Pretax income	$	392,440		$	353,129		$	86,204
Provision for income taxes
Computed amount at statutory rate of 35%	$	137,354		$	123,595		$	30,171
State and local income tax (net of federal tax benefit)	4,875			4,382			2,406
Taxes on non-U.S. earnings-net of foreign tax credits	(9,378		)	(9,683		)	1,189
Effect of flow-through entities	(9,018		)	(7,267		)	(7,846		)
Goodwill and intangible asset impairments	—			—			28,524
U.S. business tax credits	(1,680		)	(1,516		)	—
Domestic activities production deduction	(7,489		)	(6,217		)	(5,267		)
Other	(1,610		)	(5,380		)	(603		)
Total provision for income taxes	$	113,054		$	97,914		$	48,574

The Company has $683 million and $597 million of undistributed earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. No deferred U.S. income taxes have been provided on these earnings as they are considered to be reinvested for an indefinite period of time or will be repatriated when it is tax effective to do so. If these amounts were distributed to the U.S., in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Company would be subject to additional U.S. income taxes, which could be material. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred income tax liabilities on these earnings is not practicable because of the complexities with the hypothetical calculation, and the amount of liability, if any, is dependent on circumstances if and when remittance occurs. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company repatriated $6.5 million and $11.7 million of foreign earnings, respectively, resulting in $0.2 million of incremental tax benefit and $0.9 million of incremental income tax expense, respectively. The Company did not repatriate any foreign earnings during the year ended December 31, 2012. These repatriations in 2013 and 2014 represent distributions of current year earnings and distributions from liquidating subsidiaries and do not impact our representation that the undistributed earnings are permanently invested.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits for 2014, 2013 and 2012 is shown in the following table:



	2014			2013			2012
	(In thousands)
Beginning balance January 1	$	5,124		$	6,506		$	5,548
Gross increases for tax positions of prior years	834			1,357			3,017
Gross decreases for tax positions of prior years	(51		)	(99		)	(98		)
Settlements	(2,057		)	(1,219		)	—
Lapse of statute of limitations	(231		)	(1,421		)	(1,961		)
Ending balance December 31	$	3,619		$	5,124		$	6,506

We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we had approximately $0.7 million, $0.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively, of accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions. As of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, we had approximately $0.3 million, $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, of accrued penalties related to uncertain tax positions.

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits that would affect our effective tax rate if recognized is $2.9 million, $4.5 million and $5.8 million as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The tax years 2008-2013 remain open to examination by major taxing jurisdictions. Due to the potential for resolution of federal, state and foreign examinations, and the expiration of various statutes of limitation, it is reasonably possible that the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits balance may change within the next 12 months by a range of zero to $2.1 million.

The Company had net operating loss carry forwards related to prior acquisitions for U.S. federal purposes at December 31, 2014 and 2013 of $7.1 and $9.4 million, respectively. For non-U.S. purposes the Company had net operating loss carry forwards at December 31, 2014 and 2013 of $5.0 and $7.0 million, respectively. The federal net operating loss carry forwards are available for use against the Company’s consolidated federal taxable income and expire between 2018 and 2031. The entire balance of the non-U.S. net operating losses is available to be carried forward, with $1.9 million of these losses beginning to expire during the year 2021. The remaining $2.2 million of such losses can be carried forward indefinitely.

At both December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company had a foreign capital loss carry forward of approximately $1.0 million. The foreign capital loss can be carried forward indefinitely. At both December 31, 2014 and 2013 the Company has a valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset attributable to the foreign capital loss of $0.2 million. At December 31, 2014 and 2013 the Company had state net operating loss and credit carry forwards of approximately $23.7 million and $22.4 million, respectively. If unutilized, the state net operating loss will expire between 2022 and 2034. At December 31, 2014 and 2013 the Company recorded a valuation allowance against the deferred tax asset attributable to the state net operating loss of $0.8 million and $0.7 million, respectively.