10-Q

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

______________________

FORM 10-Q

ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2019

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____ to _____

Commission file number 033-36383

PICO HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) 94-2723335 (IRS Employer Identification No.)

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par Value $0.001	PICO	Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

3480 GS Richards Blvd, Suite 101, Carson City, NV 89703

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(775) 885-5000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer x Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company x Emerging growth company ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý

On April 19, 2019, the registrant had 20,249,782 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share outstanding.

PICO Holdings, Inc.

Form 10-Q

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

Table of Contents

		Page No.
Part I: Financial Information
Item 1:	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income or Loss for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018	4
	Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	5
Item 2:	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	8
Item 4:	Controls and Procedures	11
Part II: Other Information
Item 1:	Legal Proceedings	12
Item 1A:	Risk Factors	12
Item 2:	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	19
Item 3:	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	19
Item 4:	Mine Safety Disclosures	19
Item 5:	Other Information	19
Item 6:	Exhibits	20
Signatures		21

Part I: Financial Information

Item 1: Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

PICO Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - Unaudited (In thousands, except par value)
	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	17,176		$	12,550
Real estate and tangible water assets, net	42,606			44,298
Intangible assets	121,027			121,917
Right of use assets, net	433			—
Other assets	1,304			1,446
Total assets	$	182,546		$	180,211
Liabilities and equity
Lease liabilities	$	433		$	—
Other liabilities	2,818			3,448
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	305			139
Total liabilities	3,556			3,587
Commitments and contingencies
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 10,000 shares, none issued
Common stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 100,000 shares, 20,319 issued and 20,306 outstanding at March 31, 2019, and 20,848 issued and 20,726 outstanding at December 31, 2018	20			21
Additional paid-in capital	347,944			353,250
Accumulated deficit	(168,852		)	(175,536		)
Treasury stock, at cost (common shares: 12 at March 31, 2019 and 121 at December 31, 2018)	(122		)	(1,111		)
Total shareholders’ equity	178,990			176,624
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	182,546		$	180,211

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

1

PICO Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income or Loss - Unaudited (In thousands, except per share data)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Revenues and other income:
Sale of real estate and water assets	$	11,982	$	247
Other income, net	138		97
Total revenues and other income	12,120		344
Cost of sales and expenses:
Cost of real estate and water assets sold	2,582		219
General, administrative, and other	2,749		2,966
Depreciation and amortization	105		22
Total cost of sales and expenses	5,436		3,207
Income (loss) before income taxes	6,684		(2,863		)
Provision for federal and state income taxes	—		—
Net income (loss)	$	6,684	$	(2,863	)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)	$	6,684	$	(2,863	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized loss on securities, net of deferred income tax and reclassification adjustments	—		(544		)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		(544		)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	6,684	$	(3,407	)
Net income (loss) per common share – basic and diluted	$	0.33	$	(0.12	)
Weighted average shares outstanding	20,539		23,104

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

PICO Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity - Unaudited

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

(In thousands)

	Shares of Common Stock Issued		Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Shares of Treasury Stock		Treasury Stock, at Cost			Total
Beginning balance, December 31, 2018	20,848		$	21		$	353,250		$	(175,536	)	121		$	(1,111	)	$	176,624
Stock-based compensation expense						22											22
Purchases of treasury stock												420		(4,340		)	(4,340		)
Retirement of treasury stock	(529	)	(1		)	(5,328		)				(529	)	5,329			—
Net income									6,684								6,684
Ending balance, March 31, 2019	20,319		$	20		$	347,944		$	(168,852	)	12		$	(122	)	$	178,990

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

PICO Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity - Unaudited

Three Months Ended March 31, 2018

(In thousands)

	Shares of Common Stock Issued		Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income			Shares of Treasury Stock		Treasury Stock, at Cost			Total
Beginning balance, December 31, 2017	23,154		$	23	$	379,388		$	(172,767	)	$	544		1		$	(25	)	$	207,163
Stock-based compensation expense					124														124
Purchase of treasury stock														442		(4,985		)	(4,985		)
Retirement of treasury stock	(336	)			(3,776		)							(336	)	3,776			—
Net loss								(2,863		)									(2,863		)
Reclassification of unrealized gain on investments to accumulated deficit								561			(544		)						17
Ending balance, March 31, 2018	22,818		$	23	$	375,736		$	(175,069	)	$	—		107		$	(1,234	)	$	199,456

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

PICO Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Unaudited (In thousands)
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018
Operating activities:
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	8,966		$	(2,272	)
Investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	—			(17		)
Net cash used in investing activities	—			(17		)
Financing activities:
Purchases of treasury stock	(4,340		)	(4,985		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(4,340		)	(4,985		)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	4,626			(7,274		)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period	12,550			37,128
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period	$	17,176		$	29,854

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

PICO Holdings, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Footnote Index

	Page No.
1. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	5
2. Tangible Water Assets and Real Estate, Net	6
3. Intangible Assets	6
4. Leases	7
5. Commitments and Contingencies	7
6. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	8

1. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of PICO Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company” or “PICO”) have been prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of Form 10-Q, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete consolidated financial statements.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments and reclassifications considered necessary for a fair and comparable presentation of the financial statements presented have been included and are of a normal recurring nature. Operating results presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019.

These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed with the SEC.

Smaller Reporting Company

The Company qualifies as a smaller reporting company (“SRC”) under the SEC’s definition and therefore certain disclosures that are no longer required have been removed in accordance with the SEC’s disclosure requirements for SRCs.

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements:

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for each reporting period. The significant estimates made in the preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements relate to the assessment of impairment losses, intangible assets, tangible water assets and real estate, and deferred income taxes. It is reasonably possible that actual results could differ from the estimates upon which the carrying values were based.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance which establishes a right-of-use model that requires a lessee to record a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than twelve months. Leases will be classified as either "finance" or "operating," with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. This update requires a modified retrospective transition as of the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.

5

The Company adopted this lease standard effective January 1, 2019, applying an optional transition method that will allow the Company to continue to apply the current guidance of ASC 840 in the comparative periods in the year of adoption. The Company has elected the “package of practical expedients,” which permits the Company not to reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. The Company has also made an accounting policy election to not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with terms of 12 months or less. The adoption of this guidance has resulted in the recording of additional ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases of $522,000 as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on net income.

In January 2016, the FASB issued guidance which makes several changes, including the elimination of the available-for-sale classification of equity investments, and requires equity investments with readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new guidance and recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to decrease opening retained deficit at January 1, 2018 by $561,000, as required for equity investments recorded at fair value, formerly available-for-sale-securities.

In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance regarding revenue from contracts with customers, which provides a consistent revenue accounting model across industries. The Company has reviewed this update and other guidance that was subsequently issued to further clarify the implementation guidance. Under this guidance, revenue is recognized as the transfer of goods and services to customers takes place and in amounts that reflect the payment or payments that are expected to be received from the customers for those goods and services and requires new disclosures about revenue. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2018, which did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

2. Tangible Water Assets and Real Estate, Net

The costs assigned to the various components of tangible water assets and real estate, net, were as follows (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Real estate and improvements held and used, net of accumulated depreciation of $12,003 at each of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	$	9,469	$	9,469
Other real estate inventories	3,522		5,207
Tangible water assets	29,615		29,622
Total real estate and tangible water assets	$	42,606	$	44,298

3. Intangible Assets

The Company owned the following intangible assets, which primarily represent indefinite-lived intangible water assets (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Pipeline rights and water credits at Fish Springs Ranch	$	82,226	$	83,108
Pipeline rights and water rights at Carson-Lyon	21,538		21,542
Other	17,263		17,267
Total intangible assets	$	121,027	$	121,917

6

4. Leases

The Company has operating leases for two offices (Carson City, Nevada and La Jolla, California) which include monthly rental payments.

Leases consisted of the following (in thousands):

Leases	March 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease ROU assets, net(1)	$	433
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities	$	433
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	1.2 years

⁽¹⁾ Operating lease ROU assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $88,000 as of March 31, 2019.

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	88

5. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company leases some of its offices under non-cancelable operating leases that expire at various dates through 2020. Rent expense for office space was $88,000 and $103,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 respectively.

Future minimum payments under all operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

Year ended December 31,
2019	$	267
2020	166
Total	$	433

Neither PICO nor its subsidiaries are parties to any potentially material pending legal proceedings.

The Company is subject to various litigation matters that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Because litigation is inherently unpredictable and unfavorable resolutions could occur, assessing contingencies is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. When evaluating contingencies, the Company may be unable to provide a meaningful estimate due to a number of factors, including the procedural status of the matter in question, the presence of complex or novel legal theories, and/or the ongoing discovery and development of information important to the matters. In addition, damage amounts claimed in litigation against the Company may be unsupported, exaggerated or unrelated to possible outcomes, and as such, are not meaningful indicators of the potential liability. The Company regularly reviews contingencies to determine the adequacy of accruals and related disclosures. The amount of ultimate loss may differ from these estimates, and it is possible that the financial statements could be materially affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution of one or more of these contingencies.

Whether any losses finally determined in any claim, action, investigation, or proceeding could reasonably have a material effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows will depend on a number of variables, including: the timing and amount of such losses; the structure and type of any remedies; the significance of the impact any such losses, damages or remedies may have on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements; and the unique facts and circumstances of the particular matter that may give rise to additional factors.

7

6. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

There was no accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

The following table reports amounts that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss and included in earnings (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Beginning balance	$	544
Unrealized loss reclassified and recognized in net loss, net of tax (1)	17
Unrealized gain reclassified to accumulated deficit, net of tax	(561		)
Foreign exchange reclassified and recognized in net loss, net of tax (1)	—
Net change in other comprehensive income, net of tax	(544		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	$	—

⁽¹⁾ Amounts reclassified from this category are included in other income, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income or loss.

Item 2: Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read together with the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes included elsewhere in this report, and the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Note About “Forward-Looking Statements”

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (including the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” section) contains “forward-looking statements,” as defined in Section 21E of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, regarding our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects, including, without limitation, statements about our expectations, beliefs, intentions, anticipated developments, and other information concerning future matters. Words such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “should,” “target,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” and similar expressions or variations of such words are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Although forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect the good faith judgment of our management, such statements can only be based on current expectations and assumptions. Consequently, forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, and the actual results and outcomes could differ from what is expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences in results and outcomes include, without limitation, those discussed under the headings “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, in “Item 1A: Risk Factors” of Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and in other filings made from time to time with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Readers are urged not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to (and we expressly disclaim any obligation to) revise or update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, subsequent events, or otherwise (except as may be required by law), in order to reflect any event or circumstance which may arise after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K and other filings with the SEC.

8

Business Strategy and Goals

PICO Holdings, Inc. is a holding company. In this Quarterly Report, PICO and its subsidiaries are collectively referred to as “PICO,” “the Company,” or by words such as “we” and “our.”

Our objective is to maximize long-term shareholder value. Currently, we believe the highest potential return to shareholders is from a return of capital. As we monetize assets, rather than reinvest the proceeds, we intend to return capital back to shareholders through a stock repurchase program or by other means such as special dividends. Nonetheless, we may, from time to time, reinvest a portion of proceeds from asset monetizations in further development of existing assets, if we believe the returns on such reinvestment outweigh the benefits of a return of capital.

As of March 31, 2019, our major consolidated subsidiary was Vidler Water Company, Inc. (“Vidler”), a water resource and water storage business with assets and operations primarily in the southwestern United States, including Nevada, Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico.

Results of Operations

Shareholders’ Equity (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018		Change
Shareholders’ equity	$	178,990	$	176,624	$	2,366
Shareholders’ equity per share	$	8.81	$	8.52	$	0.29

The increase in our shareholders’ equity during the three months ended March 31, 2019, was primarily due to net income of $6.7 million offset by the repurchase of approximately 420,000 shares of our common stock for $4.3 million.

Total Assets and Liabilities (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018		Change
Total assets	$	182,546	$	180,211	$	2,335
Total liabilities	$	3,556	$	3,587	$	(31	)

Total assets increased during the three months ended March 31, 2019, primarily due to increased cash from asset sales offset by cash used to fund working capital and to repurchase our common stock.

9

Results of Operations — Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands)

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Revenues
Sale of real estate and water assets	$	11,982	$	247
Other income	138		97
Total revenue and other income	12,120		344
Costs
Cost of real estate and water assets sold	2,582		219
Expenses
Salaries and benefits (1)	1,415		1,370
Professional service expense	420		969
Office expense	43		157
Other expense	871		471
Depreciation and amortization(2)	105		21
Total expenses	2,854		2,988
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	6,684	$	(2,863	)

⁽¹⁾ Salaries and benefits included a termination payment accrual of $201,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2019. We had no such expenditures in the three months ended March 31, 2018.

⁽²⁾ Increase in Depreciation and amortization is due to the adoption of ASC 840 - Leases (see note 1 and 4)

We continue to reduce certain expenses as we transition our finance and other business functions and consolidate our operations in our Carson City, Nevada office. We expect to report reductions in salaries and benefits after we complete the transition in May 2019.

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, we recorded $2.6 million in cost of real estate and water assets sold and $404,000 in related commissions paid reported in other expense in the table above resulting from the sale of various real estate and water rights assets during the period.

Included in professional service expense for the three months ended March 31, 2018, was $570,000 for legal and consulting costs incurred in connection with our appeal process in New Mexico related to the award to the Company of 350 acre - feet of water rights. We had no such expenditures during the three months ended March 31, 2019.

We continued to record a full valuation allowance on our net deferred tax assets.

We report comprehensive income or loss as well as net income or loss from the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income or loss. Comprehensive income measures changes in equity, and includes unrealized items which are not recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

10

Liquidity and Capital Resources — Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 and 2018

A substantial portion of our historical revenue and cash flow has, and is expected in the future, to come from one-time sales of our assets which are primarily long-term water resource development projects that we expect to support economic growth in the local markets where the assets are located. We classify such sales and costs incurred to acquire and develop our water assets as operating activities in our consolidated statement of cash flows. The timing and amount of sales and cash flows depend on a number of factors which are difficult to predict, and cannot be directly compared from one period to another. However, given our cash balance at March 31, 2019, we currently believe that we have sufficient resources to cover our expenses for at least the next 12 months. In the long-term, we estimate that cash from asset sales will provide us with adequate funding for future operations. However, if additional funding is needed, we could defer significant expenditures, sell assets, obtain a line of credit, or complete a debt or equity offering. Any equity or convertible debt offering may be dilutive to our shareholders and any debt offering may include operating covenants that could restrict our business. We are currently not subject to any debt covenants that limit our ability to obtain additional financing through debt or equity offerings.

We expect to continue to repurchase shares of our common stock in the open market at opportunistic prices, up to our current board approved amount of $50 million.

Cash Flows

Cash Flows From Operating Activities

Our operations generated $9 million of cash during the first three months of 2019. The principal operating cash inflow was $12 million from the sale of various real estate and water rights assets. This was offset by $2.7 million of cash used for overhead and various project expenses.

Our operations used $2.3 million of cash during the first three months of 2018. The principal operating cash inflow was $247,000 from the sale of various real estate and water rights assets. This was offset by $2.6 million of cash used for overhead and various project expenses.

Cash Flows From Investing Activities

There were no significant cash flows from investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018.

Cash Flows From Financing Activities

We used $4.3 million and $5 million in cash to repurchase shares of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2019, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements, that have, or are reasonably likely to have, a material current or future effect on our consolidated financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditure, or capital resources.

Item 4: Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision of and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

11

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2019, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Part II: Other Information

Item 1: Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A: Risk Factors

The following information sets out factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking statements we have made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and those we may make from time to time. Investors should carefully consider the following risks, together with other matters described in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or incorporated herein by reference in evaluating our business and prospects. If any of the following risks occur, our business, financial condition or operating results could be harmed. In such case, the trading price of our securities could decline, in some cases significantly.

The risk factors in this report have been revised to incorporate changes to our risk factors from those included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. The risk factors set forth below with an asterisk (*) next to the title are new risk factors or risk factors containing changes, including any material changes, from the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the SEC.

General economic conditions could have a material adverse effect on our financial results, financial condition and the demand for and the fair value of our assets.

Our operations are sensitive to the general economic conditions in the local markets in which our assets are located. International, national, and regional economic conditions may also affect our markets. General weak economic conditions and either slow or non-existent rates of growth in the markets in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on the demand for and value of our water assets. Weak economic conditions include higher unemployment, inflation, deflation, decreases in consumer demand, changes in buying patterns, a weakened dollar, higher consumer debt levels, higher interest rates, especially higher mortgage rates, higher tax rates, and other changes in tax laws or other economic factors that may affect commercial and residential real estate development.

Specifically, high national, regional, or local unemployment may arrest or delay growth of the residential and commercial real estate markets in which we operate, which could adversely affect the demand for and value of our water assets. Any prolonged lack of demand for our water assets could have a significant adverse effect on our revenues, results of operations, cash flows, and the return on our investment from these assets.

Our future revenue is uncertain and depends on a number of factors that may make our revenue, profitability, cash flows, and the fair value of our assets volatile.

Our future revenue and profitability of our water resource and water storage operations will primarily be dependent on our ability to develop and sell or lease our water assets. Because our water resource and water storage operations represent almost the entirety of our overall business at present, our long-term profitability and the fair value of the assets related to our water resource and water storage operations, could be adversely affected by various factors, including the drought in the southwest, regulatory approvals and permits associated with such assets, transportation arrangements, and changing technology. We may also encounter unforeseen technical or other difficulties which could result in cost increases with respect to our water resource and water storage development projects. Moreover, our profitability, and the fair value of the assets related to our water resource and water storage operations, are significantly affected by changes in the market price of water. Future sales and prices of water may fluctuate widely as demand is affected by climatic, economic, demographic, and technological factors, as well as the relative strength of the residential, commercial, financial, and industrial real estate markets. Additionally, to the extent that we hold junior or conditional water rights, during extreme climatic conditions, such as periods of low flow or drought, our water rights could be subordinated to superior water rights holders. The factors described above are not within our control.

12

One or more of the above factors in one or more of our operating segments could negatively affect our revenue and profitability, our financial condition and cash flows, cause our results of operations to be volatile, and could adversely affect our rate of return on our water assets and cause us to divest such assets for less than our intended return on our investment.

A downturn in the homebuilding and land development sectors in our markets would materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, and the demand for and the fair value of our assets.

The homebuilding industry experienced a significant and sustained downturn in recent years, resulting from factors that include, but are not limited to, weak general economic and employment growth, limited access to capital, a lack of consumer confidence, large supplies of resale and foreclosed homes, a significant number of homeowners whose mortgage loan balances exceeded the market value of their homes, and tight lending standards for mortgage loans that limited consumers’ ability to qualify for mortgage financing to purchase a home. These factors resulted in an industry-wide weakness in demand for new homes and caused a material adverse effect on the growth of the local economies and the homebuilding industry in the southwestern United States (“U.S.”) markets, where a substantial amount of our water assets are located, including the states of Nevada, Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. The continuation of the recent improvement in residential and commercial real estate development activity is essential to our ability to generate revenue and operating income in our water resource and water storage business. We are unable to predict whether and to what extent this recovery will continue. Any future slow-down in real estate and homebuilding activity could adversely affect development projects within the markets in which our water assets are located, and could materially affect the demand for and the fair value of our assets and our ability to monetize them. Declines and weak conditions in the U.S. housing market in prior years have reduced our revenues and created losses in our water resource and water storage, and land development and homebuilding businesses and could do so in the future. Additionally, the recent tax law changes limiting, among other things, deductibility of mortgage interest and of state and local income taxes may have a negative effect on the national housing market and in the markets in which we operate, although the Nevada market may be less impacted due to the lack of a state income tax.

We may not be able to realize the anticipated value of our water assets in our projected time frame, if at all.

We expect that the current rate of growth of the economy will continue to have an impact on real estate market fundamentals. Depending on how markets perform in the short and long-term, the state of the economy, nationally and locally where our assets are concentrated, could result in a decline in the value of our existing water assets, or cause us to retain such assets longer than we initially expected, which would negatively affect our rate of return on our water assets, cause us to divest such assets for less than our intended return on investment, or cause us to incur impairments of the book values of such assets to estimated fair value. Such events would adversely impact our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.

The fair values of our water assets are linked to growth factors concerning the local markets in which our assets are concentrated and may be impacted by broader economic issues.

Both the demand for, and fair value of, our water assets are significantly affected by the growth in population and the general state of the local economies where our real estate and water assets are located. The local economies where our real estate and water assets are located, primarily in Arizona and northern Nevada, but also in southern Nevada, Colorado, and New Mexico, may be adversely affected by factors such as the local level of employment, the availability and cost of financing for real estate development , and the affordability of housing. The unemployment rate in these states, as well as credit market conditions, may prolong a slowdown of the local economies where our real estate and water assets are located. These developments, if they occur, could materially and adversely affect the demand for, and the fair value of, our real estate and water assets and, consequently, adversely affect our growth and revenues, results of operations, cash flows, and the return on our investment from these assets.

13

The fair values of our water assets may decrease, which could adversely affect our results of operations with losses from asset impairments.

The fair value of our water resource and water storage assets depends on market conditions. We acquired water resources and land for expansion into new markets and for replacement of inventory and expansion within our current markets. The valuation of real estate and water assets is inherently subjective, based on the individual characteristics of each asset and the demand for that asset. Factors such as changes in regulatory requirements and applicable laws, political conditions, the condition of financial markets, local and national economic conditions, change in efficiencies of water use, the financial condition of customers, potentially adverse tax consequences, and interest and inflation rate fluctuations subject our asset valuations to uncertainties. In addition, our valuations are made on the basis of assumptions that may not prove to reflect economic or demographic reality. If population growth and, as a result, water and/or housing demand in our markets fails to meet our expectations when we acquired our real estate and water assets, our profitability may be adversely affected, and we may be unable to recover our costs when we sell our real estate and water assets. We regularly review the value of our water assets. These reviews have resulted in recording significant impairment losses in prior years to our water resource assets. Such impairments have adversely affected our results of operations and our financial condition in those years.

If future market conditions adversely affect the anticipated timing and the volume of sales of our water assets, we may be required to record further significant impairments to the carrying value of our water assets, which would adversely affect our results of operations and our financial condition.

* The majority of our remaining assets and operations consist of our existing water resource and water storage operations that are concentrated in a limited number of assets and markets, making our cash flows, profitability and the fair value of those assets difficult to predict and vulnerable to conditions and fluctuations of the local economies where those operations and assets are located.

We anticipate that a significant amount of our water resource and water storage revenue, results of operations, and cash flows will come from a limited number of assets, which primarily consist of our water rights in Nevada and our water storage operations in Arizona. Our two most significant assets are our water storage operations in Arizona and our water rights to serve the north valleys area of Reno, Nevada. As a result of this concentration, we expect our invested capital and results of operations will be vulnerable to the conditions and fluctuations in these local economies, along with changes in local and regional government land use, zoning, permitting approvals and other regulatory action.

Our Arizona Recharge Facility is one of the few private sector water storage sites in Arizona. At March 31, 2019, we had approximately 251,000 acre-feet of water stored at the facility. In addition, we had approximately 53,550 acre-feet of water stored in the Phoenix Active Management Area at March 31, 2019. We have not stored any water on behalf of any customers and, as of March 31, 2019, had not generated any material revenue from the recharge facility. We cannot be certain that we will ultimately be able to sell all of the stored water at a price sufficient to provide an adequate economic return, if at all.

We constructed a pipeline approximately 35 miles long to deliver water from Fish Springs Ranch to the north valleys area of Reno, Nevada. As of March 31, 2019, the total cost of the pipeline project, including our water credits (net of impairment losses incurred to date) carried on our balance sheet was approximately $82.2 million. To date, we have sold only a small amount of the water credits. and we cannot provide any assurance that the sales prices we may obtain in the future will provide an adequate economic return, if at all. Any prolonged weak demand or lack of permitting approvals for new homes and residential and commercial development, and, as a result, for our assets in Nevada and Arizona, would have a material adverse effect on our future revenues, results of operations, cash flows, and the return on our investment from those assets. Demand for these water credits is anticipated to primarily come from both local and national developers planning to construct new projects in the north valleys area of Reno, Nevada. The success of these projects is dependent on numerous factors beyond our control, including local government approvals, employment growth in the greater Reno area, and the ability of the developers to finance these projects.

We may suffer uninsured losses or suffer material losses in excess of insurance limits.

We could suffer physical damage to assets at one or more of our different businesses, and the losses resulting from such damage may not be fully recoverable by insurance. In addition, certain types of risks, such as personal injury claims or other tortious conduct, may be, or may become in the future, either uninsurable or uneconomical to insure, or may not be currently or in the future covered by our insurance or subject to significant deductibles or limits. If an uninsured loss, or a loss in excess of insured limits, occurs or is subject to a large deductible, we could sustain financial loss or lose capital invested in the affected asset(s), as well as anticipated future income from that asset. In addition, we could be liable to repair damage or meet liabilities caused by risks that are uninsured or subject to deductibles.

14

We may not receive all of the permitted water rights we expect from the water rights applications we have filed in Nevada and New Mexico.

We have filed certain water rights applications in Nevada and New Mexico. In Nevada the filings are primarily as part of the water teaming agreement with Lincoln County. We deploy the capital required to enable the filed applications to be converted into permitted water rights over time as and when we deem appropriate or as otherwise required. We only expend capital in those areas where our initial investigations lead us to believe that we can obtain a sufficient volume of water to provide an adequate economic return on the capital invested in the project. These capital expenditures largely consist of drilling and engineering costs for water production, costs of monitoring wells, legal and consulting costs for hearings with the State Engineer, and other compliance costs. Until the State Engineer, or other authority in the relevant state, permits the water rights we are applying for, we cannot provide any assurance that we will be awarded all of the water that we expect based on the results of our drilling and our legal position and it may be a considerable period of time before we are able to ascertain the final volume of water rights, if any, that will be permitted by the State Engineer or other authority. Any significant reduction in the volume of water awarded to us from our original base expectation of the amount of water that could be permitted may result in the write down of capitalized costs which could adversely affect the return on our investment from those assets, our revenues, results of operations, and cash flows.

Variances in physical availability of water, along with environmental and legal restrictions and legal impediments, could adversely affect profitability.

We value our water assets, in part, based upon the volume (as measured in acre-feet) of water we anticipate from water rights applications and our permitted water rights. Our water and water rights and the transferability of these rights to other uses, persons, and places of use are governed by the laws concerning water rights in the states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, and New Mexico. The volumes of water actually derived from the water rights applications or permitted rights may vary considerably based upon physical availability and may be further limited by applicable legal restrictions, including, with limitation, restrictions on transfer of water rights.

As a result, the volume of water anticipated from the water rights applications or permitted rights may not in every case represent a reliable, firm annual yield of water, but in some cases describe the face amount of the water right claims or management’s best estimate of such entitlement. Additionally, we may face legal restrictions on the sale or transfer of some of our water assets, which may adversely affect their commercial value. If the volume of water yielded from our water rights applications is less than our expectations, or we are unable to transfer or sell our water assets, we may be unable to achieve some or all of our anticipated returns, which may adversely affect our revenues, profitability and cash flows.

Purchasers of our real estate and water assets may default on their obligations to us and adversely affect our results of operations and cash flow.

In certain circumstances, we finance sales of real estate and water assets, and we secure such financing through deeds of trust on the property, which are only released once the financing has been fully paid. Purchasers of our real estate and water assets may default on their financing obligations. Such defaults may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and the results of operations and cash flows.

Our sale of water assets may be subject to environmental regulations which would impact our revenues, profitability, and cash flows.

The quality of the water assets we lease or sell may be subject to regulation by the United States Environmental Protection Agency acting pursuant to the United States Safe Drinking Water Act, along with other federal, state and local regulations. While environmental regulations may not directly affect us, the regulations regarding the quality of water distributed affects our intended customers and may, therefore, depending on the quality of our water, affect the price and terms upon which we may in the future sell our water assets. If we need to reduce the price of our water assets in order to make a sale to our intended customers, our balance sheet, return on investment, results of operations, and financial condition could suffer.

15

Our water assets may be impacted by legal and political opposition in certain locations.

The water assets we hold and the transferability of these assets and rights to other uses, persons, or places of use are governed by the laws and regulations concerning water rights in the states of Arizona, Nevada, Colorado and New Mexico, and may be directly or indirectly affected by other federal, state and local laws and regulations related to water and land use. Our development and sale of water assets is subject to the risks of delay associated with receiving all necessary regulatory approvals and permits and possible litigation. Additionally, the transfer of water resources from one use to another may affect the economic base or impact other community issues including development, and will, in some instances, be met with local opposition. Moreover, municipalities who may regulate the use of water we sell to them in order to manage growth and could also impose additional requirements that we must satisfy to sell our water assets.

If we are unable to effectively transfer, sell, and convey water resources, our ability to monetize those assets will suffer and our return on investment, revenues and financial condition would decline.

If our assets decline in value, our financial condition and the return on our investment could suffer.

Historically, we have acquired and invested in businesses and assets that we believed were undervalued or that would benefit from additional capital, restructuring of operations, strategic initiatives, or operational efficiencies. If any previously acquired business, investment or asset fails or its fair value declines, we could experience a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, the results of operations, and cash flows. If we are not successful in managing our previous acquisitions and investments, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be materially affected. Such business failures, declines in assets fair values, and/or failure to manage acquisitions or investments, could result in a negative return on equity. We could also lose part or all of our capital in these businesses and experience reductions in our net income, cash flows, assets and equity.

Future dispositions of our businesses, assets, operations and investments, if unsuccessful, could reduce the value of our common stock. Any future dispositions may result in significant changes in the composition of our assets and liabilities. Consequently, our financial condition, results of operations and the trading price of our common stock may be affected by factors different from those historically affecting our financial condition, results of operations and trading price at the present time.

We may need additional capital in the future to fund our business and financing may not be available on favorable terms, if at all, or without dilution to our shareholders.

We currently anticipate that our available capital resources and operating cash flows will be sufficient to meet our expected working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. However, we cannot provide any assurance that such resources will be sufficient to fund our business over longer periods. We may be required to raise additional funds through public or private debt, equity or hybrid securities financings, including, without limitation, the issuance of securities.

We may experience difficulty in raising necessary capital in view of the recent volatility in the capital markets and increases in the cost of finance, especially for a small capitalization company like ours. Increasingly stringent rating standards could make it more difficult for us to obtain financing. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership of our shareholders could be significantly diluted, and these newly issued securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of existing shareholders. Indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations and could result in operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations. The additional financing we may need may not be available to us, or available on favorable terms. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, if and when needed, our ability to fund our operations or otherwise execute our strategic plan would be significantly limited. In any such case, our business, operating results, or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

16

* Our ability to utilize net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

Under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”), as amended, if our Company undergoes an “ownership change” (generally defined as a greater than fifty-percent (50%) change in the percentage of stock owned by one or more five percent (5%) or more shareholders (measured by the relative fair market value of that shareholder’s stock compared to the total value of all outstanding stock, excluding changes in ownership attributable to fluctuations in value between different classes of stock)) as of the testing date, measured over a three year period, or a period beginning with any previous testing date, whichever is shorter, the ability to use our pre-change net operating loss carryforwards and other pre-change tax attributes to offset our post-change income may be limited. Notwithstanding our adoption of a tax benefit preservation plan, which was ratified by our shareholders at our 2018 annual meeting, it is possible that we could experience ownership changes in the future as a result of shifts in our stock ownership. As of December 31, 2018, we had federal and state net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $170.1 million and $154.3 million, respectively, which, depending on ownership changes, could be limited by Section 382 of the Code.

We may not be able to retain key management personnel we need to succeed, which could adversely affect our ability to successfully operate our businesses.

To run our day-to-day operations and to successfully manage our businesses we must, among other things, continue to retain key management. We rely on the services of a small team of key executive officers. If they depart, it could have a significant adverse effect upon our business. Also, increased competition for skilled management and staff employees in our businesses could cause us to experience significant increases in operating costs and reduced profitability.

Analysts and investors may not be able to evaluate us adequately, which may negatively influence the price of our stock.

We own assets that are unique, complex in nature, and difficult to understand. In particular, our water resource business is a developing industry in the United States with very little historical and comparable data, very complex valuation issues and a limited following of analysts. Because our assets are unique, analysts and investors may be unable to adequately evaluate our operations and enterprise as a going concern. This could cause analysts and investors to make inaccurate evaluations of our stock, or to overlook the Company in general. As a result, the trading volume and price of our stock could suffer and may be subject to excessive volatility.

Fluctuations in the market price of our common stock may affect your ability to sell your shares.

The trading price of our common stock has historically been, and we expect will continue to be, subject to fluctuations. The market price of our common stock may be significantly impacted by:

• quarterly variations in financial performance and condition of our various businesses;

• shortfalls in revenue or earnings from estimates forecast by securities analysts or others;

• changes in estimates by such analysts;

• the ability to monetize our water assets for an adequate economic return, including the length of time any such monetization may take;

• our competitors’ announcements of extraordinary events such as acquisitions;

• litigation;

• general economic conditions and other matters described herein;

• the number of analysts who follow our stock and their understanding of our business; and

• the volume of trading in our stock

Our results of operations have been subject to significant fluctuations, particularly on a quarterly basis, and our future results of operations could fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and from year to year. Causes of such fluctuations may include one time transactions and impairment losses. Statements or changes in opinions, ratings, or earnings estimates made by brokerage firms or industry analysts relating to the markets in which we do business or relating to us specifically could result in an immediate and adverse effect on the market price of our common stock. Such fluctuations in the market price of our common stock could affect the value of your investment and your ability to sell your shares.

17

Litigation may harm our business or otherwise distract our management.

Substantial, complex or extended litigation could cause us to incur large expenditures and distract our management. For example, lawsuits by employees, shareholders or customers could be very costly and substantially disrupt our business. Additionally, from time to time we or our subsidiaries will have disputes with companies, governmental and tribal entities, special interest groups, or individuals which may result in litigation that could necessitate our management’s attention and require us to expend our resources. We may be unable to accurately assess our level of exposure to specific litigation, and we cannot provide any assurance that we will always be able to resolve such disputes out of court or on terms favorable to us. We may be forced to resolve litigation in a manner not favorable to us, and such resolution could have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

We have been the subject of shareholder activism efforts that could cause a material disruption to our business.

In the past, certain investors took steps to involve themselves in the governance and strategic direction of our Company due to governance and strategic-related disagreements with us. While we have formally settled with certain of those activists, other investors could take steps to involve themselves in the governance and strategic direction of our Company. Such shareholder activism efforts could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources, harming our business and adversely affecting the market price of our common stock.

Anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and under Delaware law may make an acquisition of us more complicated and the removal and replacement of our directors and management more difficult.

Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, as well as provisions of Delaware law, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so would benefit our stockholders. These provisions may also make it difficult for stockholders to remove and replace our board of directors and management. For example, these provisions limit who may call a special meeting of stockholders and establish advance notice requirements for nominations for election to the board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon at stockholder meetings. In addition, on July 24, 2017, our board of directors adopted a tax benefits preservation plan designed to preserve our ability to utilize our net operating losses as a result of certain stock ownership changes, which may have the effect of discouraging transactions involving an actual or potential change in our ownership.

If equity analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they issue unfavorable commentary or downgrade our common stock, the price of our common stock could decline.

The trading market for our common stock will rely in part on the research and reports that equity research analysts may publish about us and our business. We do not control these analysts. The price of our stock could decline if one or more equity analysts downgrade our stock or if those analysts issue other unfavorable commentary or cease publishing reports about us or our business.

Our business could be negatively impacted by cyber security threats.

In the ordinary course of our business, we use our data centers and our networks to store and access our proprietary business information. We face various cyber security threats, including without limitation, cyber security attacks to our information technology infrastructure and attempts by others to gain access to our proprietary or sensitive information. The procedures and controls we use to monitor these threats and mitigate our exposure may not be sufficient to prevent cyber security incidents. The result of these incidents could include disrupted operations, lost opportunities, misstated financial data, liability for stolen assets or information, increased costs arising from the implementation of additional security protective measures, litigation and reputational damage. Any remedial costs or other liabilities related to cyber security incidents may not be fully insured or indemnified by other means.

*Our plan to monetize assets and return capital to our shareholders may lead to a permanent reduction in our market capitalization and adversely affect the trading volume and liquidity for our stock.

Our current business plan is to monetize our assets and return capital to our shareholders through a stock repurchase program or by other means such as special dividends. Currently we have a stock repurchase program in place and as at March 31, 2019, we had utilized $32.7 million to repurchase approximately 2.9 million of our common shares. As we continue to monetize assets and use the associated sale proceeds for share repurchases or special dividends, it is possible that our market capitalization will permanently decline, which could adversely affect the trading volume and liquidity for our stock. In addition, we are currently a constituent member of the Russell 2000 index. If we were to lose our representation in the Russell 2000 index as a result of our market capitalization falling below the threshold for inclusion in the index, whether due to a decline in our stock price and/or a

18

reduction in the number of shares outstanding, or for any other reason, certain of our current institutional shareholders may, due to their internal policies and investment guidelines, be required to sell their shareholdings. Such sales may result in further negative pressure on our stock price and, when combined with reduced trading volume and liquidity, could adversely affect the value of your investment and your ability to sell your shares.

THE FOREGOING FACTORS, INDIVIDUALLY OR IN AGGREGATE, COULD MATERIALLY ADVERSELY AFFECT OUR OPERATING RESULTS, CASH FLOWS, AND FINANCIAL CONDITION AND COULD MAKE COMPARISON OF HISTORICAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, INCLUDING RESULTS OF OPERATIONS, CASH FLOWS, AND BALANCES, DIFFICULT OR NOT MEANINGFUL.

Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table summarizes repurchases of our common stock made during the three months ended March 31, 2019:

Period	Total number of shares of common stock repurchased	Average price paid per share of common stock (including commissions)		Total number of shares of common stock repurchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs	Maximum dollar value of shares of common stock that may yet be repurchased under the plans or programs (in thousands) (1)
January 1 to January 31, 2019	111,209	$	9.81	2,613,706	$	20,543
February 1 to February 28, 2019	132,416	$	10.60	2,746,122	$	19,140
March 1 to March 31, 2019	176,769	$	10.44	2,922,891	$	17,924
Total	420,394

⁽¹⁾ The stock repurchase program was announced on March 2, 2017. Our Board of Directors authorized up to $50 million to be used under this program and there is no set expiration date.

Item 3: Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4: Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5: Other Information

We previously disclosed in a Current Report on Form 8-K that we entered into a Transition Agreement with Mr. John T. Perri, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer (the “Transition Agreement”), which provided the terms by which Mr. Perri would continue to provide services to us as we sought to transfer Mr. Perri’s responsibilities to a new finance staff in Carson City, Nevada. As contemplated by the terms of the Transition Agreement, effective immediately following the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Mr. Perri will cease to be our Chief Financial Officer and his employment with the Company will terminate.

Effective immediately following the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our Board of Directors appointed Mr. Maxim C.W. Webb as our Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Webb currently serves as a member of our Board of Directors as the Executive Chairman, a position he will continue to hold while performing his duties as our Chief Financial Officer. Biographical information regarding Mr. Webb, as well as a description of his amended and restated employment agreement, was provided in our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 22, 2019.

19

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit Number	Description
3.1	Certificate of Incorporation of PICO Holdings, Inc.(1)
3.2	By laws of PICO Holdings, Inc. (1)
3.3	Certificate of Designation of Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock of PICO Holdings, Inc.(2)
4.1	Section 382 Rights Agreement, dated as of July 24, 2017, by and between PICO Holdings, Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A.(2)
4.2	PICO Holdings, Inc. Stock Certificate(3)
10.1	PICO Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated Nonemployee Director Compensation Policy
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002).
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002).
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

(1)	Incorporated by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 1, 2017.
(2)	Incorporated by reference to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 24, 2017.
(3)	Incorporated by reference to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 9, 2017.

20

PICO HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		PICO HOLDINGS, INC.
Date:	May 2, 2019	By: /s/ John T. Perri
		John T. Perri
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer and Authorized Signatory)

21

EX-10.1

PICO Holdings, Inc.

Amended and Restated Nonemployee Director Compensation Policy

1. General

The PICO Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated Nonemployee Director Compensation Policy (the “Policy”) is designed to provide for the compensation of each member of the board of directors (the “Board”) of PICO Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) who is a Nonemployee Director (as defined in the PICO Holdings, Inc. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the “EIP”)) (each, a “Nonemployee Director”). The Policy will become effective on May 3, 2018 and will continue in effect until its termination by the Board. The Policy will replace and supersede any and all compensation policies or programs previously established or maintained by the Company with respect to Nonemployee Directors.

2. Administration

The Policy will be administered by the Board. The Board will have the sole discretion and authority to administer, interpret, amend and terminate the Policy, and the decisions of the Board will in every case be final and binding on all persons having an interest in the Policy.

3. Eligibility

Each Nonemployee Director will be eligible to receive the compensation set forth in the Policy in accordance with the terms of the Policy. Such compensation will be paid or granted, as applicable, automatically and without further action of the Board to each Nonemployee Director.

4. Annual Retainers

(a)General. Subject to Sections 4(b), 4(c) and 4(d), each Nonemployee Director will be eligible to receive annual retainers (each, an “Annual Retainer”) in the values set forth in the following table for each calendar year of service as a member of the Board.

Dollar Value Per Calendar Year If Paid Fully in Cash (“Cash Dollar Value”)	Dollar Value Per Calendar Year If Paid Fully in RSUs (“RSU Dollar Value”)
$35,000	$43,750

For clarity, an individual will not be eligible to receive any Annual Retainer set forth in the table above (the “Table”) unless he or she is a Nonemployee Director on the applicable payment or grant date.

(b)Prorated Annual Retainers for Mid-Year Appointees. Section 4(a) will apply to any Nonemployee Director who is newly appointed as a member of the Board, in each case after January 1 of a calendar year (each, a “Mid-Year Appointee”); provided, however, that with respect to any Annual Retainer for such Mid-Year Appointee’s first (partial) calendar year of service, “Cash Dollar Value” and “RSU Dollar Value” will mean, as applicable, (i) the amount set forth in the Table, multiplied by (ii) a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of days in the period beginning on (and including) the effective date of such Mid-Year Appointee’s appointment and ending on (and including) December 31 of such calendar year and the denominator of which is the total number of days during such calendar year.

(c)Dollar Value of Annual Retainers. The dollar value of each Annual Retainer payable to a Nonemployee Director will be determined in accordance with the following terms.

(i)If a Nonemployee Director makes an election pursuant to Section 4(d) to receive any portion of an Annual Retainer in the form of cash, the dollar value of such portion will be equal to (A) the applicable Cash Dollar Value (as set forth in the Table and adjusted pursuant to Section 4(b), if applicable) or 100% of any lesser amount elected by such Nonemployee Director pursuant to Section 4(d)(i), as applicable, multiplied by (B) the percentage elected by such Nonemployee Director (the “Cash Election Percentage”).

1

(ii)If a Nonemployee Director makes an election pursuant to Section 4(d) to receive any portion of an Annual Retainer in the form of a restricted stock unit (“RSU”) award, the dollar value of such portion will be equal to (A) the applicable RSU Dollar Value (as set forth in the Table and adjusted pursuant to Section 4(b), if applicable) or 125% of any lesser amount elected by such Nonemployee Director pursuant to Section 4(d)(i), as applicable, multiplied by (B) the percentage elected by such Nonemployee Director (the “RSU Election Percentage”).

(d)Election for Annual Retainers.

(i)With respect to any Annual Retainer, each Nonemployee Director may make an election (A) to receive the full amount of such Annual Retainer (i.e., based on the applicable Cash Dollar Value and/or RSU Dollar Value (as set forth in the Table and adjusted pursuant to Section 4(b), if applicable)) or any lesser amount (including zero) and (B) to receive any portion of such Annual Retainer in the form of cash or an RSU award.

(ii)With respect to any Annual Retainer for a particular calendar year of service, any election made pursuant to this Section 4(d) (A) must be made on a form provided by the Company, (B) must be made on or before December 31 of the year immediately prior to such calendar year (or such earlier date as required by the Company); provided, however, that any such election made by a Mid-Year Appointee who will become a new member of the Board may be made before the effective date of his or her appointment to the Board, and (C) will be irrevocable once made.

(iii)If a Nonemployee Director does not make an election pursuant to this Section 4(d) or fails to submit such an election on a timely basis, such Nonemployee Director will be deemed to have elected (A) to receive the full amount of his or her Annual Retainer(s), and (B) to receive his or her Annual Retainer(s) in the form of cash only.

(e)Terms of Annual Retainers in the Form of Cash.

(i)Subject to Section 4(e)(ii), with respect to any Annual Retainer for a particular calendar year of service, the portion (if any) of such Annual Retainer to be paid in the form of cash, as determined in accordance with Section 4(c)(i), will be paid in substantially equal quarterly installments on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 of such calendar year, provided that the Nonemployee Director is in service as a member of the Board on the applicable payment date.

(ii)With respect to any Annual Retainer for a Mid-Year Appointee’s first (partial) calendar year of service, the portion (if any) of such Annual Retainer to be paid in the form of cash will be paid as follows:

(A)     the first installment will be paid on the effective date of such Mid-Year Appointee’s appointment and the amount of such first installment will be equal to (x) the total amount of the portion of such Annual Retainer to be paid in the form of cash, minus (y) an amount equal to the product of (1) 25% multiplied by (2) the applicable Cash Dollar Value (as set forth in the Table, without any adjustment pursuant to Section 4(b)) or 100% of any lesser amount elected by such Mid-Year Appointee pursuant to Section 4(d)(i), as applicable, multiplied by (3) the Cash Election Percentage multiplied by (4) the number of quarterly payment dates (i.e., April 1, July 1 and October 1) remaining in such calendar year after the effective date of such Mid-Year Appointee’s appointment; and

(B)    any remaining installments will be paid in substantially equal amounts on April 1 (if such effective date occurs prior to April 1), July 1 (if such effective date occurs prior to July 1) and October 1 (if such effective date occurs prior to October 1) of such calendar year, provided that such Mid-Year Appointee is in service on the applicable payment date.

(f)Terms of Annual Retainers in the Form of RSU Awards. With respect to any Annual Retainer for a particular calendar year of service, the portion (if any) of such Annual Retainer to be paid in the form of an RSU award will be subject to the following terms.

(i)Such award will be granted under the EIP and will be subject to the terms of the EIP, the applicable award agreement and the Policy.

(ii)Such award will be granted on the first trading day in January of such calendar year; provided, however, that with respect to any such award for a Mid-Year Appointee’s first (partial) calendar year of service, such award will be granted on the effective date of such Mid-Year Appointee’s appointment.

(iii)The number of RSUs subject to such award will be equal to (A) the dollar value of such portion, as determined in accordance with Section 4(c)(ii), divided by (B) the average of the daily volume weighted average prices (“VWAP”) of the Company’s common stock for all of the trading days during the 30 calendar day period ending on (and including) the last

2

trading day immediately prior to the grant date of such award, rounded down to the nearest whole share; provided, however, that the number of RSUs subject to such award, together with any RSUs or shares subject to any other Nonemployee Director Awards (as defined in the EIP) granted to the Nonemployee Director, may not exceed the limit set forth in Section 5.5 of the EIP.

(iv)Such award will vest in substantially equal quarterly installments on the grant date of such award and on April 1, July 1 and October 1 of the calendar year in which such award is granted; provided, however, that:

(A)    with respect to any such award for a Mid-Year Appointee’s first (partial) calendar year of service, such award will vest as follows:

(x)    the first installment will vest on the effective date of such Mid-Year Appointee’s appointment and the number of RSUs in such first installment will be equal to (1) the total number of RSUs with respect to the portion of such Annual Retainer to be paid in the form of an RSU award, minus (2) an amount equal to the product of (I) 25% multiplied by (II) the number of RSUs that would be subject to the full Annual Retainer (as adjusted if any lesser amount is elected by such Mid-Year Appointee pursuant to Section 4(d)(i)), without any adjustment pursuant to Section 4(b), determined as if the award were granted on the effective date of such Mid-Year Appointee’s appointment, multiplied by (III) the RSU Election Percentage multiplied by (IV) the number of quarterly vesting dates (i.e., April 1, July 1 and October 1) remaining in such calendar year after the effective date of such Mid-Year Appointee’s appointment; and

(y)     any remaining installments will vest in substantially equal amounts on April 1 (if such effective date occurs prior to April 1), July 1 (if such effective date occurs prior to July 1) and October 1 (if such effective date occurs prior to October 1) of such calendar year;

(B)    vesting will be fully accelerated upon a Change in Control (as defined in the EIP), as set forth in Section 13.2 of the EIP; and

(C)    vesting will cease upon the termination of the Nonemployee Director’s service as a member of the Board and any RSUs subject to such award that are unvested on the date of such termination will be forfeited by such Nonemployee Director on such date.

(v)Except as provided in Section 4(f)(vi), the issuance of any shares pursuant to such award, to the extent vested, will occur on the date of the Nonemployee Director’s termination of service as a member of the Board, provided that such termination constitutes a “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), subject to Section 6 and the terms of the award agreement.

(vi)Each RSU subject to such award (whether vested or unvested) will be credited with any cash dividend, stock dividend or other distribution that is paid with respect to a share of the Company’s common stock. Any such dividend or other distribution will be credited to such RSU on the same date and in the same form as such dividend or other distribution is paid to the Company’s shareholders. Any such dividend or other distribution that is credited to such RSU will be issued (A) on the date of such crediting if such RSU is vested on such date or (B) on the date such RSU becomes vested if such RSU is unvested on the date of such crediting, in each case in the same form paid to the Company’s shareholders. For clarity, any such dividend or other distribution that is credited to an unvested RSU will be unvested and will only vest and be issued if the underlying RSU vests.

5.Expenses

Subject to Section 6, each Nonemployee Director will be eligible for reimbursement from the Company for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with his or her duties as a Nonemployee Director.

Each Nonemployee Director may consult the chairperson of the Board on a case-by-case basis with respect to reimbursement for any expenses related to attending any seminars (including the proposed budget for any such seminar).

6. Section 409A

The Company intends that any amounts provided under the Policy be exempt from or comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and the regulations and rulings issued thereunder (collectively, “Section 409A”), and the Policy will be so construed. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing and notwithstanding any other provision of the Policy to the contrary:

(a)If any amount under the Policy (i) constitutes a “deferral of compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A, (ii) is payable pursuant to an individual’s “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A, and (iii) such individual

3

is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A (determined using the identification methodology selected by the Company from time to time, or if none, the default methodology) as of the date of such individual’s separation from service, then except as otherwise permitted by Section 409A, such amount will be paid to such individual on the date that is six months and one day after such individual’s separation from service or, if earlier, the date of such individual’s death following such separation from service.

(b)Each payment made under the Policy will be treated as a separate payment.

(c)To the extent that any taxable reimbursements are provided to any Nonemployee Director, they will be provided in accordance with Section 409A, including, but not limited to, the following provisions: (i) the amount of any such expenses eligible for reimbursement during such individual’s taxable year may not affect the expenses eligible for reimbursement in any other taxable year; (ii) the reimbursement of an eligible expense must be made no later than the last day of such individual’s taxable year that immediately follows the taxable year in which the expense was incurred; and (iii) the right to any reimbursement may not be subject to liquidation or exchange for another benefit.

4

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION BY CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Dorothy Timian-Palmer, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of PICO Holdings, Inc. (the “Registrant”);

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  May 2, 2019

/s/ Dorothy Timian-Palmer

Dorothy Timian-Palmer

President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION BY CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, John T. Perri, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of PICO Holdings, Inc. (the “Registrant”);

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date:  May 2, 2019

/s/ John T. Perri

John T. Perri

Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION BY CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)

In connection with the Quarterly Report of PICO Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Dorothy Timian-Palmer, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Section 906”), that to the best of my knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with requirements of section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:  May 2, 2019

/s/ Dorothy Timian-Palmer

Dorothy Timian-Palmer

President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION BY CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)

In connection with the Quarterly Report of PICO Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, John T. Perri, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Section 906”), that to the best of my knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with requirements of section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m); and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date:  May 2, 2019

/s/ John T. Perri

John T. Perri

Chief Financial Officer

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Apr. 19, 2019
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2019
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Registrant Name	PICO HOLDINGS INC /NEW
Entity Central Index Key	0000830122
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		20,249,782

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - Unaudited - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 17,176	$ 12,550
Real estate and tangible water assets, net	42,606	44,298
Intangible assets	121,027	121,917
Right of use assets, net	433
Other assets	1,304	1,446
Total assets	182,546	180,211
Liabilities and equity
Lease liabilities	433
Other liabilities	2,818	3,448
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	305	139
Total liabilities	3,556	3,587
Commitments and contingencies
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 10,000 shares, none issued
Common stock, $0.001 par value; authorized 100,000 shares, 20,319 issued and 20,306 outstanding at March 31, 2019, and 20,848 issued and 20,726 outstanding at December 31, 2018	20	21
Additional paid-in capital	347,944	353,250
Accumulated deficit	(168,852)	(175,536)
Treasury stock, at cost (common shares: 12 at March 31, 2019 and 121 at December 31, 2018)	(122)	(1,111)
Total shareholders’ equity	178,990	176,624
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$ 182,546	$ 180,211

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - Unaudited (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Preferred stock
Par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Shares authorized (in shares)	10,000,000	10,000,000
Shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Common stock
Par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Shares issued (in shares)	20,319,000	20,848,000
Shares outstanding (in shares)	20,306,000	20,726,000
Treasury stock
Common shares held (in shares)	12,000	121,000

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income or Loss - Unaudited - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Revenues and other income:
Sale of real estate and water assets	$ 11,982	$ 247
Other income, net	138	97
Total revenues and other income	12,120	344
Cost of sales and expenses:
Cost of real estate and water assets sold	2,582	219
General, administrative, and other	2,749	2,966
Depreciation and amortization	105	22
Total cost of sales and expenses	5,436	3,207
Income (loss) before income taxes	6,684	(2,863)
Provision for federal and state income taxes	0	0
Net income (loss)	6,684	(2,863)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net income (loss)	6,684	(2,863)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Unrealized loss on securities, net of deferred income tax and reclassification adjustments	0	(544)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax	0	(544)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ 6,684	$ (3,407)
Net income (loss) per common share – basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.33	$ (0.12)
Weighted average shares outstanding (in shares)	20,539	23,104

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity - Unaudited - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income	Treasury Stock
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		23,154,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 207,163	$ 23	$ 379,388	$ (172,767)	$ 544	$ (25)
Beginning balance, treasury stock (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017						1,000
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation expense	124		124
Purchases of treasury stock (in shares)						442,000
Purchases of treasury stock	(4,985)					$ (4,985)
Retirement of treasury stock (in shares)		(336,000)				(336,000)
Retirement of treasury stock	0		(3,776)			$ 3,776
Net income (loss)	(2,863)			(2,863)
Reclassification of unrealized gain on investments to accumulated deficit	17			561	(544)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018		22,818,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2018	$ 199,456	$ 23	375,736	(175,069)	$ 0	$ (1,234)
Ending balance, treasury stock (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018						107,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018	20,848,000	20,848,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2018	$ 176,624	$ 21	353,250	(175,536)		$ (1,111)
Beginning balance, treasury stock (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018	121,000					121,000
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 22		22
Purchases of treasury stock (in shares)						420,000
Purchases of treasury stock	(4,340)					$ (4,340)
Retirement of treasury stock (in shares)		(529,000)				(529,000)
Retirement of treasury stock	0	$ (1)	(5,328)			$ 5,329
Net income (loss)	$ 6,684			6,684
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019	20,319,000	20,319,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2019	$ 178,990	$ 20	$ 347,944	$ (168,852)		$ (122)
Ending balance, treasury stock (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019	12,000					12,000

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Unaudited - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Operating activities:
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$ 8,966	$ (2,272)
Investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	0	(17)
Net cash used in investing activities	0	(17)
Financing activities:
Purchases of treasury stock	(4,340)	(4,985)
Net cash used in financing activities	(4,340)	(4,985)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	4,626	(7,274)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period	12,550	37,128
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period	$ 17,176	$ 29,854

XML

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of PICO Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company” or “PICO”) have been prepared in accordance with the interim reporting requirements of Form 10-Q, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for complete consolidated financial statements.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments and reclassifications considered necessary for a fair and comparable presentation of the financial statements presented have been included and are of a normal recurring nature. Operating results presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019.

These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 filed with the SEC.

Smaller Reporting Company

The Company qualifies as a smaller reporting company (“SRC”) under the SEC’s definition and therefore certain disclosures that are no longer required have been removed in accordance with the SEC’s disclosure requirements for SRCs.

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements:

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for each reporting period. The significant estimates made in the preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements relate to the assessment of impairment losses, intangible assets, tangible water assets and real estate, and deferred income taxes. It is reasonably possible that actual results could differ from the estimates upon which the carrying values were based.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance which establishes a right-of-use model that requires a lessee to record a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than twelve months. Leases will be classified as either "finance" or "operating," with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. This update requires a modified retrospective transition as of the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.

The Company adopted this lease standard effective January 1, 2019, applying an optional transition method that will allow the Company to continue to apply the current guidance of ASC 840 in the comparative periods in the year of adoption. The Company has elected the “package of practical expedients,” which permits the Company not to reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. The Company has also made an accounting policy election to not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with terms of 12 months or less. The adoption of this guidance has resulted in the recording of additional ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases of $522,000 as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on net income.

In January 2016, the FASB issued guidance which makes several changes, including the elimination of the available-for-sale classification of equity investments, and requires equity investments with readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new guidance and recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to decrease opening retained deficit at January 1, 2018 by $561,000, as required for equity investments recorded at fair value, formerly available-for-sale-securities.

In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance regarding revenue from contracts with customers, which provides a consistent revenue accounting model across industries. The Company has reviewed this update and other guidance that was subsequently issued to further clarify the implementation guidance. Under this guidance, revenue is recognized as the transfer of goods and services to customers takes place and in amounts that reflect the payment or payments that are expected to be received from the customers for those goods and services and requires new disclosures about revenue. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2018, which did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

XML

Tangible Water Assets and Real Estate, Net

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Real Estate [Abstract]

Tangible Water Assets and Real Estate, Net

Tangible Water Assets and Real Estate, Net

The costs assigned to the various components of tangible water assets and real estate, net, were as follows (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Real estate and improvements held and used, net of accumulated depreciation of $12,003 at each of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	$	9,469	$	9,469
Other real estate inventories	3,522		5,207
Tangible water assets	29,615		29,622
Total real estate and tangible water assets	$	42,606	$	44,298

XML

Intangible Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible Assets

Intangible Assets

The Company owned the following intangible assets, which primarily represent indefinite-lived intangible water assets (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Pipeline rights and water credits at Fish Springs Ranch	$	82,226	$	83,108
Pipeline rights and water rights at Carson-Lyon	21,538		21,542
Other	17,263		17,267
Total intangible assets	$	121,027	$	121,917

XML

Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Leases

The Company has operating leases for two offices (Carson City, Nevada and La Jolla, California) which include monthly rental payments.

Leases consisted of the following (in thousands):

Leases	March 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease ROU assets, net(1)	$	433
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities	$	433
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	1.2 years

⁽¹⁾ Operating lease ROU assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $88,000 as of March 31, 2019.

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	88

XML

Commitments and Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

The Company leases some of its offices under non-cancelable operating leases that expire at various dates through 2020. Rent expense for office space was $88,000 and $103,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 respectively.

Future minimum payments under all operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

Year ended December 31,
2019	$	267
2020	166
Total	$	433

Neither PICO nor its subsidiaries are parties to any potentially material pending legal proceedings.

The Company is subject to various litigation matters that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Because litigation is inherently unpredictable and unfavorable resolutions could occur, assessing contingencies is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. When evaluating contingencies, the Company may be unable to provide a meaningful estimate due to a number of factors, including the procedural status of the matter in question, the presence of complex or novel legal theories, and/or the ongoing discovery and development of information important to the matters. In addition, damage amounts claimed in litigation against the Company may be unsupported, exaggerated or unrelated to possible outcomes, and as such, are not meaningful indicators of the potential liability. The Company regularly reviews contingencies to determine the adequacy of accruals and related disclosures. The amount of ultimate loss may differ from these estimates, and it is possible that the financial statements could be materially affected in any particular period by the unfavorable resolution of one or more of these contingencies.

Whether any losses finally determined in any claim, action, investigation, or proceeding could reasonably have a material effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows will depend on a number of variables, including: the timing and amount of such losses; the structure and type of any remedies; the significance of the impact any such losses, damages or remedies may have on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements; and the unique facts and circumstances of the particular matter that may give rise to additional factors.

XML

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

There was no accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

The following table reports amounts that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss and included in earnings (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Beginning balance	$	544
Unrealized loss reclassified and recognized in net loss, net of tax (1)	17
Unrealized gain reclassified to accumulated deficit, net of tax	(561		)
Foreign exchange reclassified and recognized in net loss, net of tax (1)	—
Net change in other comprehensive income, net of tax	(544		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	$	—

⁽¹⁾ Amounts reclassified from this category are included in other income, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income or loss.

XML

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements:

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses for each reporting period. The significant estimates made in the preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements relate to the assessment of impairment losses, intangible assets, tangible water assets and real estate, and deferred income taxes. It is reasonably possible that actual results could differ from the estimates upon which the carrying values were based.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance which establishes a right-of-use model that requires a lessee to record a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than twelve months. Leases will be classified as either "finance" or "operating," with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. This update requires a modified retrospective transition as of the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.

The Company adopted this lease standard effective January 1, 2019, applying an optional transition method that will allow the Company to continue to apply the current guidance of ASC 840 in the comparative periods in the year of adoption. The Company has elected the “package of practical expedients,” which permits the Company not to reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. The Company has also made an accounting policy election to not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with terms of 12 months or less. The adoption of this guidance has resulted in the recording of additional ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases of $522,000 as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of this guidance did not have an impact on net income.

In January 2016, the FASB issued guidance which makes several changes, including the elimination of the available-for-sale classification of equity investments, and requires equity investments with readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new guidance and recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to decrease opening retained deficit at January 1, 2018 by $561,000, as required for equity investments recorded at fair value, formerly available-for-sale-securities.

In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance regarding revenue from contracts with customers, which provides a consistent revenue accounting model across industries. The Company has reviewed this update and other guidance that was subsequently issued to further clarify the implementation guidance. Under this guidance, revenue is recognized as the transfer of goods and services to customers takes place and in amounts that reflect the payment or payments that are expected to be received from the customers for those goods and services and requires new disclosures about revenue. The Company adopted the guidance effective January 1, 2018, which did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

XML

Tangible Water Assets and Real Estate, Net (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Real Estate [Abstract]

Costs Assigned to Various Components of Tangible Water Assets and Real Estate, Net

The costs assigned to the various components of tangible water assets and real estate, net, were as follows (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Real estate and improvements held and used, net of accumulated depreciation of $12,003 at each of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	$	9,469	$	9,469
Other real estate inventories	3,522		5,207
Tangible water assets	29,615		29,622
Total real estate and tangible water assets	$	42,606	$	44,298

XML

Intangible Assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible Assets

The Company owned the following intangible assets, which primarily represent indefinite-lived intangible water assets (in thousands):

	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Pipeline rights and water credits at Fish Springs Ranch	$	82,226	$	83,108
Pipeline rights and water rights at Carson-Lyon	21,538		21,542
Other	17,263		17,267
Total intangible assets	$	121,027	$	121,917

XML

Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Leases [Abstract]

Leases Recorded on the Balance Sheet

Leases consisted of the following (in thousands):

Leases	March 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease ROU assets, net(1)	$	433
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities	$	433
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	1.2 years

⁽¹⁾ Operating lease ROU assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $88,000 as of March 31, 2019

Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	88

XML

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Future Minimum Rental Payments for Operating Leases

Future minimum payments under all operating leases are as follows (in thousands):

Year ended December 31,
2019	$	267
2020	166
Total	$	433

XML

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Components of and Reclassifications from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following table reports amounts that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss and included in earnings (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Beginning balance	$	544
Unrealized loss reclassified and recognized in net loss, net of tax (1)	17
Unrealized gain reclassified to accumulated deficit, net of tax	(561		)
Foreign exchange reclassified and recognized in net loss, net of tax (1)	—
Net change in other comprehensive income, net of tax	(544		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	$	—

⁽¹⁾ Amounts reclassified from this category are included in other income, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income or loss.

XML

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Jan. 01, 2019	Jan. 01, 2018
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
ROU assets	$ 433
Lease liabilities	$ 433	$ 522
ASU 2016-02
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
ROU assets		$ 522
ASU 2016-01 | Retained Deficit
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Cumulative effect adjustment			$ 561

XML

Tangible Water Assets and Real Estate, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Real Estate [Abstract]
Real estate and improvements held and used, net of accumulated depreciation of $12,003 at each of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018	$ 9,469	$ 9,469
Other real estate inventories	3,522	5,207
Tangible water assets	29,615	29,622
Total real estate and tangible water assets	42,606	44,298
Accumulated depreciation on real estate and improvements held and used	$ 12,003	$ 12,003

XML

Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 121,027	$ 121,917
Pipeline rights and water credits at Fish Springs Ranch
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets	82,226	83,108
Pipeline rights and water rights at Carson-Lyon
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets	21,538	21,542
Other
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 17,263	$ 17,267

XML

Leases - Leases Recorded on the Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2019	Jan. 01, 2019
Assets
Operating lease ROU assets, net	$ 433,000
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities	$ 433,000	$ 522,000
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	1 year 2 months 12 days
Accumulated amortization related to operating lease ROU assets	$ 88,000

XML

Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information Related to Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$ 88

XML

Commitments and Contingencies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2018
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Rent expense	$ 88	$ 103

XML

Commitments and Contingencies - Future Minimum Payments Under Operating Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2019	$ 267
2020	166
Total	$ 433

XML

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2019 USD ($)
Equity [Abstract]
Accumulated other comprehensive income	$ 0

XML

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income - Components of and Reclassifications from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 207,163
Net change in other comprehensive income, net of tax	(544)
Ending balance	199,456
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	544
Ending balance	0
Unrealized gain on marketable securities, net of tax
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Amount reclassified and recognized in net income or loss, net of tax	17
Unrealized gain reclassified to accumulated deficit, net of tax
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Amount reclassified and recognized in net income or loss, net of tax	(561)
Accumulated currency, net of tax
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax [Roll Forward]
Amount reclassified and recognized in net income or loss, net of tax	$ 0