10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒     QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023

OR

☐     TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ______________________ to ______________________

Commission file number: 001-32442

Inuvo, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada	87-0450450
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer  Identification No.)
500 President Clinton Ave., Suite 300 Little Rock, AR	72201
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(501) 205-8508 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code

not applicable 

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock	INUV	NYSE American

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to the filing requirements for at least the past 90 days. Yes ☒     No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒     No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by checkmark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act:  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐     No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Title of Class	August 4, 2023
Common Stock	137,948,345

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page No.
Part I
Item 1.	Financial Statements.	4
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss	5
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	6
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity	7
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.	19
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.	23
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures.	23
Part II
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings.	25
Item 1A.	Risk Factors.	25
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.	25
Item 3.	Defaults upon Senior Securities.	25
Item 4.	Mine Safety and Disclosures.	25
Item 5.	Other Information.	25
Item 6.	Exhibits.	26
Signatures		27

2

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “will,” “should,” “intend,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” or “continue,” or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. This report includes, among others, statements regarding our risks associated with:

· a decline in general economic conditions;

· decreased market demand for our products and services;

· customer revenue concentration;

· risks associated with customer collections;

· seasonality impacts on financial results and cash availability;

· dependence on advertising suppliers;

· the ability to acquire traffic in a profitable manner;

· failure to keep pace with technological changes;

· interruptions within our information technology infrastructure;

· dependence on key personnel;

· regulatory and legal uncertainties;

· failure to comply with privacy and data security laws and regulations;

· third party infringement claims;

· publishers who could fabricate fraudulent clicks;

· the ability to continue to meet the NYSE American listing standards;

· the impact of quarterly results on our common stock price;

· dilution to our stockholders upon the exercise of outstanding restricted stock unit grants and warrants;

· the on-going impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our Company; and

· our ability to identify, finance, complete and successfully integrate future acquisitions.

These forward-looking statements were based on various factors and were derived utilizing numerous assumptions and other factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements. Most of these factors are difficult to predict accurately and are generally beyond our control. You should consider the areas of risk described in connection with any forward-looking statements that may be made herein. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements and readers should carefully review this report in its entirety, including the risks described in Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors appearing in this report, together with those appearing in Item 1A. Risk Factors, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on March 9, 2023 and our subsequent filings with the SEC.

Except for our ongoing obligations to disclose material information under the Federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to release publicly any revisions to any forward-looking statements, to report events or to report the occurrence of unanticipated events. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report, and you should not rely on these statements without also considering the risks and uncertainties associated with these statements and our business.

OTHER PERTINENT INFORMATION

Unless specifically set forth to the contrary, when used in this report the terms “Inuvo,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” and similar terms refer to Inuvo, Inc., a Nevada corporation, and its subsidiaries. When used in this report, “second quarter 2023” means for the three months ended June 30, 2023, “second quarter 2022” means for the three months ended June 30, 2022,  “2022” means the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 and “2023” means the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023. The information which appears on our corporate web site at www.inuvo.com and our various social media platforms are not part of this report.

3

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INUVO, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

June 30, 2023 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2022

	June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	5,045,112		$	2,931,415
Marketable securities - short term		—			1,529,464
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,762,998 and $1,440,678, respectively.		10,795,658			11,119,892
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		828,601			798,977
Total current assets		16,669,371			16,379,748
Property and equipment, net		1,680,448			1,668,972
Other assets
Goodwill		9,853,342			9,853,342
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization		5,157,041			5,649,291
Referral and support services agreement advance		650,000			800,000
Marketable securities - long term		—			660,126
Right of use assets - operating lease		128,689			310,162
Right of use assets - finance lease		110,738			168,750
Other assets		35,170			66,919
Total other assets		15,934,980			17,508,590
Total assets	$	34,284,799		$	35,557,310
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	6,192,824		$	8,044,802
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		8,241,372			5,162,458
Lease liability - operating lease		119,624			287,523
Lease liability - finance lease		74,097			101,003
Total current liabilities		14,627,917			13,595,786
Long-term liabilities
Deferred tax liability		107,000			107,000
Lease liability - operating lease		10,331			23,878
Lease liability - finance lease		33,344			70,597
Other long-term liabilities		3,555			10,733
Total long-term liabilities		154,230			212,208
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value:
Authorized shares 500,000, none issued and outstanding		—			—
Common stock, $0.001 par value:
Authorized shares 200,000,000; issued and outstanding shares 137,817,253 and 120,137,124, respectively.		137,818			120,138
Additional paid-in capital		183,239,735			178,771,604
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		—			(84,868	)
Accumulated deficit		(163,874,901	)		(157,057,558	)
Total stockholders' equity		19,502,652			21,749,316
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	34,284,799		$	35,557,310

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

4

INUVO, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(Unaudited)

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,						For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Net revenue	$	16,651,405		$	22,651,305		$	28,498,845		$	41,260,672
Cost of revenue		2,368,540			9,273,589			5,559,103			17,935,095
Gross profit		14,282,865			13,377,716			22,939,742			23,325,577
Operating expenses
Marketing costs		12,056,616			10,988,409			19,144,166			18,157,858
Compensation		3,253,416			3,215,890			6,676,257			6,373,596
General and administrative		2,311,885			2,011,237			3,893,774			3,737,909
Total operating expenses		17,621,917			16,215,536			29,714,197			28,269,363
Operating loss		(3,339,052	)		(2,837,820	)		(6,774,455	)		(4,943,786	)
Financing expense, net		(38,186	)		3,070			(57,306	)		2,071
Other income (expense), net		—			(395,177	)		14,418			(377,475	)
Net loss		(3,377,238	)		(3,229,927	)		(6,817,343	)		(5,319,190	)
Other comprehensive income
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities		—			(124,253	)		84,868			(222,409	)
Comprehensive loss	$	(3,377,238	)	$	(3,354,180	)	$	(6,732,475	)	$	(5,541,599	)
Per common share data
Basic and diluted:
Net loss	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.03	)	$	(0.05	)	$	(0.04	)
Weighted average shares
Basic		127,249,916			119,827,944			124,115,098			118,788,819
Diluted		127,249,916			119,827,944			124,115,098			118,788,819

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

5

INUVO, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022
Operating activities:
Net loss	($6,817,343)			($5,319,190)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		1,317,203		$	1,308,776
Depreciation-Right of Use Assets - Financing		58,013			48,697
Stock based compensation		935,145			1,355,534
Amortization of financing fees		2,084			2,500
Provision (recovery) of doubtful accounts		322,320			20,086
Loss (gain) on marketable securities		(14,418	)		377,475
Stock warrant expense		(8,598	)		12,945
Derecognition of contingency and grant		—			(10,000	)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		1,913			(3,849,084	)
Referral and support services agreement advance		150,000			150,000
Prepaid expenses, unbilled revenue and other assets		2,126			333,820
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		3,069,680			1,597,637
Accounts payable		(1,851,978	)		1,401,820
Net cash used in operating activities		(2,833,853	)		(2,568,984	)
Investing activities:
Purchases of equipment and capitalized development costs		(836,428	)		(911,443	)
Purchase of marketable securities		—			(1,600,121	)
Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities		2,288,873			1,155,912
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		1,452,445			(1,355,652	)
Financing activities:
Gross proceeds from line of credit		592,868			—
Repayments on line of credit		(592,868	)		—
Payments on finance lease obligations		(64,159	)		(49,737	)
Proceeds from at-the-market sales		61,136			—
Capital raise, net of issuance costs		3,665,000			—
Net taxes paid on restricted stock unit grants exercised		(166,872	)		(128,521	)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities		3,495,105			(178,258	)
Net change – cash		2,113,697			(4,102,894	)
Cash and cash equivalent, beginning of year	$	2,931,415			10,475,964
Cash and cash equivalent, end of period	$	5,045,112		$	6,373,070
Supplemental information:
Interest paid	$	67,532		$	12,625

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

6

INUVO, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(unaudited)

For the Six Months Ended June 30,

2023
	Common Stock				Additional Paid in			Accumulated			Accumulated Other Comprehensive
	Shares		Stock		Capital			Deficit			Income (Loss)			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2022		120,137,124	$	120,138	$	178,771,604		$	(157,057,558	)	$	(84,868	)	$	21,749,316
Net loss									(3,440,105	)					(3,440,105	)
Unrealized gain on debt securities												84,868			84,868
Stock-based compensation						432,084									432,084
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards		1,503,238		1,503		(1,503	)								—
Shares withheld for taxes on vested restricted stock						(166,872	)								(166,872	)
Reversal of expense related to a change in warrant vesting						(9,874	)								(9,874	)
Balance as of March 31, 2023		121,640,362	$	121,641	$	179,025,439		$	(160,497,663	)	$	—		$	18,649,417
Net loss									(3,377,238	)					(3,377,238	)
Unrealized loss on debt securities
Stock-based compensation						503,061									503,061
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards		3,333		3		(3	)								—
Stock warrants issued for referral agreement						1,276									1,276
Capital raise, net of issuance costs		16,000,000		16,000		3,649,000									3,665,000
AGP Closing at-the-market sale		173,558		174		60,962									61,136
Balance as of June 30, 2023		137,817,253	$	137,818	$	183,239,735		$	(163,874,901	)	$	—		$	19,502,652

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2022
	Common Stock				Additional Paid in			Accumulated			Accumulated Other Comprehensive
	Shares		Stock		Capital			Deficit			Income (Loss)			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2021		118,747,447	$	118,748	$	176,586,529		$	(143,951,019	)	$	53,737		$	32,807,995
Net loss									(2,089,263	)					(2,089,263	)
Unrealized loss on debt securities												(98,156	)		(98,156	)
Stock-based compensation						671,158									671,158
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards		1,059,755		1,060		(1,060	)								—
Shares withheld for taxes on vested restricted stock						(128,520	)								(128,520	)
Stock warrants issued for referral agreement						12,483									12,483
Balance as of March 31, 2022		119,807,202		119,808		177,140,590			(146,040,282	)		(44,419	)	$	31,175,697
Net loss									(3,229,927	)					(3,229,927	)
Unrealized loss on debt securities												(124,253	)		(124,253	)
Stock-based compensation						684,376									684,376
Stock issued for vested restricted  stock awards		66,666		66		(66	)								—
Stock warrants issued for referral agreement						462									462
Balance as of June 30, 2022		119,873,868	$	119,874	$	177,825,362		$	(149,270,209	)	$	(168,672	)	$	28,506,355

8

Inuvo, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 1 – Organization and Business  

Company Overview

Inuvo is a technology company that develops and sells information technology solutions for marketing and advertising. These solutions predictively identify and message online audiences for any product, service or brand across devices, formats, and channels including video, mobile, connected TV, linear TV, display, social, search and native. These solutions allow Inuvo’s clients to engage with their audiences in a manner that drives responsiveness. Inuvo facilitates the delivery of hundreds of millions of marketing messages to consumers every single month and counts among its client’s numerous world-renowned brands across industries.

The Inuvo solution incorporates a proprietary form of artificial intelligence, or AI, branded the IntentKey. This patented technology is a model of the human language built from crawling public content on billions of webpages. The AI uses this model of the language to predict and action audiences based on the reasons why consumers are interested, not who the people are within those audiences. In this regard, the technology is designed for a consumer privacy conscious future while addressing the components of the advertising value chain most responsible for return on advertising spend, the intelligence behind the advertising decision.

Inuvo technology can be consumed both as a managed service and software-as-a-service. For certain clients, Inuvo has also developed website services that have included proprietary digital properties collectively branded as Bonfire Publishing where content is created specifically to align with the audiences our clients are targeting. These publications provide information across a wide range of topics including health, finance, travel, careers, auto, education and lifestyle. These websites also provide the means to market test various Inuvo advertising technologies. Further, Inuvo provides campaign delivery services across all advertising platforms and channels.

There are many barriers to entry associated with the Inuvo business model, including a proficiency in large scale information processing, predictive software development, marketing data products, analytics, artificial intelligence, integration to the internet of things ("IOT"), and the relationships required to execute within the IOT. Inuvo’s intellectual property is protected by 19 issued and eight pending patents.

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2023, we had approximately $5 million in cash and cash equivalents and our net working capital was approximately $2 million. We have encountered recurring losses and cash outflows from operations, which historically we have funded through equity offerings and debt facilities. In addition, our investment in internally developed software consists primarily of labor costs which are of a fixed nature. Through June 30, 2023, our accumulated deficit was $163.9 million.

Our principal sources of liquidity are the sale of our common stock and our credit facility discussed in Note 6 - Bank Debt. On May 30, 2023, we raised $4.0 million in gross proceeds in a registered direct offering, before expenses, through the sale of an aggregate of 16,000,000 shares of our common stock The shares were offered pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (the “Shelf Registration Statement”) and a prospectus supplement relating to the offering was filed with the SEC on May 26, 2023.

In March 2021, we contracted with an investment management company to manage our cash in excess of current operating needs. We placed $2 million in cash equivalent accounts and $10 million in an interest-bearing account. At June 30, 2023, our funds with the investment management company were approximately $467 thousand and were invested in cash and cash equivalent accounts. A detail of the activity is described in Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

9

On May 28, 2021, we entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, as sales agent (the “Sales Agent”), pursuant to which we may offer and sell through or to the Sales Agent shares of our common stock (the “ATM Program”) up to an aggregate amount of gross proceeds of $14,611,900. During the year ended December 31, 2021 and through March 31, 2023, we did not issue any shares of common stock or receive any aggregate proceeds under the ATM Program, and we did not pay any commissions to the Sales Agent. During the quarter ended June 30, 2023, we sold 173,558 shares for gross proceeds totaling $63,136 under the ATM Program and paid the Sales Agent a commission of $1,902.  Any shares of common stock offered and sold in the ATM Program will be issued pursuant to our universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3. The ATM Program will terminate upon (a) the election of the Sales Agent upon the occurrence of certain adverse events, (b) 10 days’ advance notice from one party to the other, or (c) the sale of the balance available under our Shelf Registration Statement. Under the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Sales Agent is entitled to a commission at a fixed rate of 3.0% of the gross proceeds from each sale of shares under the Sales Agreement.

We have focused our resources behind a plan to market our collective multi-channel advertising capabilities differentiated by our AI technology, the IntentKey, where we have a technology advantage and higher margins. If we are successful in implementing our plan, we expect to return to a positive cash flow from operations. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to achieve this objective.

Management plans to support the Company’s future operations and capital expenditures primarily through cash raised from the sale of stock in May 2023, cash generated from future operations and borrowings from the credit facility until reaching profitability. The credit facility is due upon demand and therefore there can be no assurances that sufficient borrowings will be available to support future operations until profitability is reached. We believe our current cash position and credit facility will be sufficient to sustain operations for at least the next twelve months from the date of this filing. If our plan to grow the IntentKey product is unsuccessful, we may need to fund operations through private or public sales of securities, debt financings or partnering/licensing transactions over the long term.

Customer concentration

For the three-month period ending June 30, 2023, three customers accounted for 78.6% of our overall revenue at 54.0%, 16.9% and 7.7% and for the six-month period ending June 30, 2023, 73.5% of our overall revenue at 42.5%, 20.4% and 10.6%, respectively. Those same three customers accounted for 47.3% of our gross accounts receivable balance as of June 30, 2023. As of December 31, 2022, the same customers accounted for 23.9% of our gross accounts receivable balance.

10

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements presented are for Inuvo and its subsidiaries. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared based upon SEC rules that permit reduced disclosure for interim periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures have been condensed or omitted in accordance with those rules and regulations. The accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of results of operations and financial condition for the interim periods shown including normal recurring accruals and other items. The results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. For a more complete discussion of significant accounting policies and certain other information, this report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which was filed with the SEC on March 9, 2023.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements, in accordance with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are based upon management’s regular evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. We regularly evaluate estimates and assumptions related to allowance for doubtful accounts, capitalized labor, goodwill and purchased intangible asset valuations and income tax valuation allowance. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, and such differences could be material.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue recognition - We generate revenue by identifying audiences and presenting advertisements on behalf of our customers. Ultimately, our customers are brands and merchants. We may contract directly with a brand or merchant, a Direct Customer or we may serve the ultimate customer through a contract with an agent, an Indirect Customer. Revenue is recognized when the contracted services are provided to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services. We charge our customers on a cents per thousand (CPM) basis, cost per click ("CPC") basis, or as a specific dollar charge. Revenue billed as CPM is generally programmatic digital advertising and is performed under a contract known as an Insertion Order (“IO”). Programmatic digital advertising revenue is recognized in part or fully in the period the IO is partially or fully executed. Revenue earned from placing an ad or an impression on websites, some of which we own, may be on a CPM or CPC basis. We recognize revenue from ad placement and serving impressions in the period in which they occur. The Company settles ad placement and CPC transactions with its customers net of any adjustments for poor traffic quality. Payments to advertising exchanges that provide access to digital inventory and to a lesser extent, payments to website publishers and app developers that host advertisements we serve are recognized as cost of revenue.

11

The following table provides revenues for Direct Customers, Indirect Customers, and Consulting during the periods presented.

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022				2023				2022
Direct Customers	$	3,306,788	19.8	%	$	11,560,450	51.0	%	$	7,226,562	25.4	%	$	22,286,019	54.0	%
Indirect Customers		13,317,899	80.0	%		11,046,215	48.8	%		21,231,089	74.5	%		18,885,325	45.8	%
Consulting		26,718	0.2	%		44,640	0.2	%		41,194	0.1	%		89,328	0.2	%
Total	$	16,651,405	100.0	%	$	22,651,305	100.0	%	$	28,498,845	100.0	%	$	41,260,672	100.0	%

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

On January 1, 2023, we adopted Accounting Standards Code (ASC) No. 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses. ASC 326 requires a financial asset (loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financials assets not excluded from scope) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

12

Note 3 – Fair Value Measurements

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value based on the short-term nature of these items.

In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value as follows:

Level 1 – Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 assets and liabilities generally include debt and equity securities that are traded in an active exchange market. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Valuation is based on observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 – Valuation is based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

The following table summarizes our cash equivalents and marketable securities measured at fair value. Certain marketable securities consist of investments in debt and equity securities. We classify our cash equivalents and marketable securities within Level 1 because we use observable inputs that reflect quoted market prices for identical assets in active markets to determine their fair value. We have classified debt securities as available for sale securities with unrealized gains and losses recorded as other comprehensive income. We have classified equity securities as trading and are marked to market with changes recorded as other income on the income statement. Any interest income or dividends are recorded within financing expense, net on the income statement.

	Investment Assets at Fair Value				Investment Assets at Fair Value
	As of June 30, 2023				As of December 31, 2022
	Level 1		Total		Level 1		Total
Debt securities					$	936,563	$	936,563
Equity securities					$	1,253,027	$	1,253,027
Cash equivalents	$	467,384	$	467,384	$	801	$	801
Total Investments at Fair Value	$	467,384	$	467,384	$	2,190,391	$	2,190,391

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The cost, gross unrealized gains (losses) and fair value of marketable securities by major security type were as follows:

	As of December 31
	2022
	Cost		Unrealized Gain (Loss)			Fair Value
Marketable securities
Debt securities	$	1,021,431	$	(84,868	)	$	936,563
Equity securities		1,776,773		(523,746	)		1,253,027
Total marketable securities						$	2,189,590

Note 4 – Property and Equipment

The net carrying value of property and equipment was as follows as of:

	June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Furniture and fixtures	$	293,152		$	293,152
Equipment		1,274,851			1,265,752
Capitalized internal use and purchased software		15,330,939			14,503,608
Leasehold improvements		458,885			458,885
Subtotal		17,357,827			16,521,397
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(15,677,379	)		(14,852,425	)
Total	$	1,680,448		$	1,668,972

During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, depreciation expense was $824,954 and $729,732, respectively.

 Note 5 – Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The following is a schedule of intangible assets and goodwill as of June 30, 2023:

	Term		Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization and Impairment			Net Carrying Value		Year-to-date Amortization
Customer list, Google	20 years		$	8,820,000	$	(4,998,000	)	$	3,822,000	$	220,500
Technology	5 years			3,600,000		(3,600,000	)		0		0
Customer list, ReTargeter	5 years			1,931,250		(1,512,813	)		418,437		193,125
Customer list, all other	10 years			1,610,000		(1,610,000	)		0		0
Brand name, ReTargeter	5 years			643,750		(504,271	)		139,479		64,375
Customer relationships	20 years			570,000		(182,875	)		387,125		14,250
Trade names, web properties (1)		-		390,000					390,000		0
Intangible assets classified as long-term			$	17,565,000	$	(12,407,959	)	$	5,157,041	$	492,250
Goodwill, total		-	$	9,853,342	$	—		$	9,853,342	$	—

(1) The trade names related to our web properties have an indefinite life, and as such are not amortized.

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Amortization expense over the next five years and thereafter is as follows:

2023 (remainder of year)	$	492,250
2024		769,917
2025		469,500
2026		469,500
2027		469,500
Thereafter		2,096,374
Total	$	4,767,041

Note 6 – Bank Debt

On March 1, 2023, we entered into Amendment No. 1 to Loan and Security Agreement and Collateral Documents (“Agreement”) with Mitsubishi HC Capital America, Inc., f/k/a/ Hitachi Capital America Corp. (“MHCA”). Under the terms of the Agreement, MHCA has provided us with a $5,000,000 line of credit commitment. We are permitted to borrow up to 80% of the aggregate Eligible Accounts Receivable (which may increase to 85% if certain conditions are met), up to the maximum credit commitment of $5,000,000. We will pay MHCA monthly interest at the rate of 1.75% in excess of the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate. The principal and all accrued but unpaid interest are due on demand. In the event of a default under the terms of the Loan and Security Agreement, the interest rate increases to 6% greater than the interest rate in effect from time to time prior to a default. The Agreement contains certain affirmative and negative covenants to which we are also subject. We agreed to pay MHCA an amendment fee of $10,000 on issuance of the Agreement, and thereafter an annual commitment fee of $10,000. We are also obligated to pay MHCA a quarterly service fee of 0.20% on the monthly unused amount of the maximum credit line. If we terminate the Agreement (i) before February 28, 2024, we are obligated to pay MHCA an exit fee of $50,000, or (ii) after February 28, 2024 but before February 28, 2025, we are obligated to pay MHCA an exit fee of $25,000. The Loan and Security Agreement continues for an indefinite term. At June 30, 2023, there were no outstanding balances due under the Loan and Security Agreement.

Note 7 – Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

The accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following as of:

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accrued marketing costs	$	6,226,698	$	3,321,598
Accrued payroll and commission liabilities		1,012,366		782,441
Accrued expenses and other		997,537		1,044,664
Arkansas grant contingency		_		10,000
Accrued taxes, current portion		4,771		3,755
Total	$	8,241,372	$	5,162,458

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Note 8 – Commitments    

On September 17, 2021, we signed a multi-year agreement with a business development partner to provide referral and support services to us. The agreement required an advance fee of $1.5 million with $300,000 recorded in other current assets. The advance is being amortized as marketing expenses over five years. As of June 30, 2023, $550,000 has been amortized and the balance is $650,000.  As part of the agreement, we granted a warrant exercisable into 300,000 shares of our common stock, which vests over two years upon achieving certain performance metrics (see Note 11 - Stockholders' Equity).  Additionally, we agreed to pay quarterly support fees upon reaching certain levels of operational activity. In April 2022, we agreed to

Amendment No. 2 ("amendment") to the agreement. The amendment replaced the quarterly support fees with a commission on quarterly cumulative programmatic revenue. The amendment also revised the cumulative target media spend and the associated commission. The total amount of commission recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was approximately $40,000 and $394,000, respectively.

Note 9 – Income Taxes

We have no current income tax expense and incur only the minimum state taxes which are included in operating expenses. We have deferred tax assets of $41,453,068. We believe it is more likely than not that essentially none of our deferred tax assets will be realized, and we have recorded a valuation allowance of $40,042,968 for the deferred tax assets that may not be realized as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. We also have deferred tax liabilities totaling $1,517,100 as of June 30, 2023, related to intangible assets acquired in March 2012 and February 2017. These balances are presented as a net deferred tax liability of $107,000 composed of indefinite lived intangible assets.

Note 10 – Stock-Based Compensation

We maintain a stock-based compensation program intended to attract, retain and provide incentives for talented employees and directors and align stockholder and employee interests. During the 2023 and 2022 periods, we granted restricted stock units ("RSUs") from the 2017 Equity Compensation Plan, as amended (“2017 ECP”). RSU vesting periods are generally up to three years and/or based upon achieving certain financial targets.

On January 1, 2022, in accordance with the plan provisions, the number of shares available for issuance under the 2017 ECP was increased by 150,000 shares. On June 16, 2022, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2017 ECP increasing the number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance by 15,000,000 shares. As of June 30, 2023, the total number of authorized shares of our common stock under the 2017 ECP was 24,550,000.

Compensation Expense

For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, we recorded stock-based compensation expense for all equity incentive plans of $935,145 and $1,355,534 respectively. Total compensation cost not yet recognized at June 30, 2023 was $2,588,400, which will be recognized over a weighted-average recognition period of approximately three years.

The following table summarizes the stock grants outstanding under 2017 ECP for the three months ended June 30, 2023:

	Options Outstanding		RSUs Outstanding		Options and RSUs Exercised		Available Shares		Total Awards Authorized
Total		—		6,893,349		6,600,788		11,055,863		24,550,000

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The fair value of restricted stock units is determined using market value of the common stock on the date of the grant. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. The use of this valuation model involves assumptions that are judgmental and highly sensitive in the determination of compensation expense and include the expected life of the option, stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, exercise price, and forfeiture rate.

Forfeitures are estimated at the time of valuation and reduce expense ratably over the vesting period. The forfeiture rate, which is estimated at a weighted average of 0% of unvested options outstanding, is adjusted periodically based on the extent to which actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from the previous estimate.

The following table summarizes the activity of stock option awards for the six months ended June 30, 2023:

	Shares Subject to Options Outstanding
	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, beginning of period		100,000		$	0.52
Stock options canceled		(100,000	)	$	0.52
Outstanding, end of period		—			—

The following table summarizes the activities for our RSUs for the six months ended June 30, 2023:

	RSUs
	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of period		4,913,339		$	0.79
Granted		4,070,000		$	0.31
Vested		(2,039,989	)	$	0.86
Cancelled		(50,001	)	$	0.54
Outstanding, end of period		6,893,349		$	0.49

Note 11 – Stockholders' Equity

Warrants

On September 17, 2021, we signed an agreement with a marketing platform and consulting company to provide referral and support services to us for a period of five years (see Note 8 - Commitments).  As part of that agreement, we granted a warrant exercisable into 300,000 shares of our common stock, at $0.72 per share, which vests in two tranches when certain performance metrics are achieved. The warrant was valued using the Black Scholes option pricing model at a total of $149,551 based on a seven-year term, an implied volatility of 100%, a risk-free equivalent yield of 1.17%, and a stock price of $0.71. The warrant is classified as equity and will be expensed over the vesting period of each tranche if the performance criteria are achieved. On August 31, 2022, 85,862 shares vested in accordance with the contracted performance criteria. For the second tranche, we recognized a credit of approximately $2,000 for the six-month period ended June 30, 2023 relating to a change in the probability of performance criteria being achieved.

Earnings per Share

For the three-month period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we generated a net loss from continuing operations and as a result, any potential common shares are anti-dilutive.

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Note 12 – Leases

We have entered into operating and finance leases primarily for real estate and equipment rental. These leases have terms which range from three years to five years, and often include one or more options to renew or in the case of equipment rental, to purchase the equipment. These operating and finance leases are listed as separate line items on our consolidated balance sheets and represent our right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. Our obligation to make lease payments is also listed as separate line items on our consolidated balance sheets.  As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, total operating and financed right-of-use assets were $128,689 and $110,738, and $310,162 and $168,750, respectively.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $58,013 and $48,697, respectively, in amortization expense related to finance leases. 

Because the rate implicit in each lease is not readily determinable, we use our incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of the lease payments.

Information related to our operating lease liabilities are as follows:

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities	$	104,276
Weighted-average remaining lease term	2.57 years
Weighted-average discount rate		6.25	%

Minimum future lease payments ended June 30, 2023
2023 (remainder of year)	$	110,260
2024		16,638
2025		5,653
2026		1,993
		134,544
Less imputed interest		(4,589	)
Total lease liabilities	$	129,955

Information related to our financed lease liabilities are as follows:

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
Cash paid for finance lease liabilities	$	36,103
Weighted-average remaining lease term	1.63 years
Weighted-average discount rate		6.25	%

Minimum future lease payments ended June 30, 2023
2023 (remainder of the year)	$	36,957
2024		56,180
2025		18,490
		111,627
Less imputed interest		(4,186	)
Total lease liabilities	$	107,441

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ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Company Overview

Inuvo is a technology company that develops and sells information technology solutions for marketing and advertising. These solutions predictively identify and message online audiences for any product, service or brand across devices, formats, and channels including video, mobile, connected TV, linear TV, display, social, search and native. These solutions allow Inuvo’s clients to engage with their audiences in a manner that drives responsiveness. Inuvo facilitates the delivery of hundreds of millions of marketing messages to consumers every single month and counts among its client’s numerous world-renowned brands across industries.

The Inuvo solution incorporates a proprietary form of artificial intelligence, or AI, branded the IntentKey. This patented technology is a model of the human language built from crawling public content on billions of webpages. The AI uses this model of the language to predict and action audiences based on the reasons why consumers are interested, not who the people are within those audiences. In this regard, the technology is designed for a consumer privacy conscious future while addressing the components of the advertising value chain most responsible for return on advertising spend, the intelligence behind the advertising decision.

Inuvo technology can be consumed both as a managed service and software-as-a-service. For certain clients, Inuvo has also developed website services that have included proprietary digital properties collectively branded as Bonfire Publishing where content is created specifically to align with the audiences our clients are targeting. These publications provide information across a wide range of topics including health, finance, travel, careers, auto, education and lifestyle. These websites also provide the means to market test various Inuvo advertising technologies. Further, Inuvo provides campaign delivery services across all advertising platforms and channels.

There are many barriers to entry associated with the Inuvo business model, including a proficiency in large scale information processing, predictive software development, marketing data products, analytics, artificial intelligence, integration to the internet of things ("IOT"), and the relationships required to execute within the IOT. Inuvo’s intellectual property is protected by 19 issued and eight pending patents.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. The more critical accounting estimates include estimates related to revenue recognition, accounts receivable allowances, capitalized software costs, goodwill and stock-based compensation.  We also have other key accounting policies, which involve the use of estimates, judgments and assumptions that are significant to understanding our results, which are described in Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements for 2022 appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 as filed with the SEC on March 9, 2023.  The estimates and assumptions that management makes affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and assumptions used are based upon management’s regular evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. We regularly evaluate estimates and assumptions related to goodwill and purchased intangible asset valuations and valuation allowance. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, and such differences could be material.

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Results of Operations

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,										For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		Change			% Change			2023		2022		Change			% Change
Net Revenue	$	16,651,405	$	22,651,305	$	(5,999,900	)		(26.5	)%	$	28,498,845	$	41,260,672	$	(12,761,827	)		(30.9	)%
Cost of Revenue		2,368,540		9,273,589		(6,905,049	)		(74.5	)%		5,559,103		17,935,095		(12,375,992	)		(69.0	)%
Gross Profit	$	14,282,865	$	13,377,716	$	905,149			6.8	%	$	22,939,742	$	23,325,577	$	(385,835	)		(1.7	)%

Net Revenue

Revenue for the three-month period ended June 30, 2023, declined 26.5% and revenue for the six-month period ended June 30, 2023, declined 30.9% as compared to the same periods in 2022, respectively. The lower revenue this year compared to last year was primarily attributable to the loss of a Direct Customer in the fourth quarter of last year. The increase in our Indirect Customer base was due to increased advertising from an existing customer. Historically, we have been able to replace lost clients with new clients or by expanding our relationship with existing clients, however, we would likely experience a significant decline in revenue and our business operations could be significantly harmed if we are unable to replace lost clients.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue is primarily composed of payments to advertising exchanges that provide access to digital inventory where we serve advertisements. To a lesser extent, cost of revenue includes payments to website publishers and app developers that host advertisements. The decline in cost of revenue for the three and six months period ended June 30, 2023, compared to the same time period in 2022 was related to the decline in Direct Customers as discussed in the Net Revenue section above.  The higher gross margin in the current year quarter, 85.8% compared to 59.1% in the same quarter last year was due to changes in revenue mix, where a greater percent of the revenue this year was from Indirect Customers which typically have higher gross margins.

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Operating Expenses  

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,									For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		Change		% Change			2023		2022		Change		% Change
Marketing costs	$	12,056,616	$	10,988,409	$	1,068,207		9.7	%	$	19,144,166	$	18,157,858	$	986,308		5.4	%
Compensation		3,253,416		3,215,890		37,526		1.2	%		6,676,257		6,373,596		302,661		4.7	%
General and administrative		2,311,885		2,011,237		300,648		14.9	%		3,893,774		3,737,909		155,865		4.2	%
Operating expenses	$	17,621,917		16,215,536	$	1,406,381		8.7	%	$	29,714,197	$	28,269,363	$	1,444,834		5.1	%

Marketing costs consist mostly of traffic acquisition (i.e., Campaigns) costs and include those expenses required to attract an audience to various web properties, both owned and unowned. Marketing costs was 9.7% higher for the three months ended and 5.4% higher for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to the same period in 2022 due to higher revenue from Indirect Customers.

Compensation expense was $38 thousand higher for the three months ended and $303 thousand higher for the six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to the same time period in 2022 primarily due to higher salary expense. Our total employment, both full- and part-time, was 84 at June 30, 2023 compared to 83 at June 30, 2022.

General and administrative costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 increased 14.9% and 4.2%, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2022 due primarily to an increase in the reserve for doubtful accounts and higher depreciation expense. 

Financing expense, net

Finance expense, net, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, was approximately $38 thousand and $57 thousand, respectively. The main factor behind this year's quarter expense was the utilization of our line of credit amounting to approximately $46 thousand (See Note 6), which was partially offset by interest income, net of fees, totaling around $14.7 thousand.

Other income, net

There was no net other income (expense) in the three-month period ending on June 30, 2023. For the six-month period, net other income was $14 thousand from the unrealized gains, as detailed in Note 3 of our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Other income (expense), net, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 was an expense of approximately $395 thousand and approximately $377 thousand respectively, from realized and unrealized gain and losses discussed in Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of June 30, 2023, we have approximately $5 million in cash and cash equivalents and our net working capital was approximately $2 million.  We have encountered recurring losses and cash outflows from operations, which historically we have funded through equity offerings and debt facilities.  In addition, our investment in internally developed software consists primarily of labor costs which are of a fixed nature.  Through June 30, 2023, our accumulated deficit was $163.9 million.

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Our principal sources of liquidity are the sale of our common stock and our credit facility discussed in Note 6 - Bank Debt. On May 30, 2023, we raised $4.0 million in gross proceeds in a registered direct offering, before expenses, through the sale of an aggregate of 16,000,000 shares of our common stock The shares were offered pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (the “Shelf Registration Statement”) and a prospectus supplement relating to the offering was filed with the SEC on May 26, 2023.

In March 2021, we contracted with an investment management company to manage our cash in excess of current operating needs. We placed $2 million in cash equivalent accounts and $10 million in an interest-bearing account. At June 30, 2023,

our funds with the investment management company were approximately $467 thousand and were invested in cash and cash equivalent accounts. A detail of the activity is described in Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

On May 28, 2021, we entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, as sales agent (the “Sales Agent”), pursuant to which we may offer and sell through or to the Sales Agent shares of our common stock (the “ATM Program”) up to an aggregate amount of gross proceeds of $14,611,900. During the year ended December 31, 2021 and through June 30, 2023, we did not issue any shares of common stock or receive any aggregate proceeds under the ATM Program, and we did not pay any commissions to the Sales Agent. Any shares of common stock offered and sold in the ATM Program will be issued pursuant to our universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3. The ATM Program will terminate upon (a) the election of the Sales Agent upon the occurrence of certain adverse events, (b) 10 days’ advance notice from one party to the other, or (c) the sale of the balance available under our Shelf Registration Statement. Under the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Sales Agent is entitled to a commission at a fixed rate of 3.0% of the gross proceeds from each sale of shares under the Sales Agreement.

We have focused our resources behind a plan to market our collective multi-channel advertising capabilities differentiated by  our AI technology, the IntentKey, where we have a technology advantage and higher margins. If we are successful in implementing our plan, we expect to return to a positive cash flow from operations. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to achieve this objective.

Management plans to support the Company’s future operations and capital expenditures primarily through cash raised through the sale of stock in May 2023, cash generated from future operations and borrowings from the credit facility until reaching profitability. The credit facility is due upon demand and therefore there can be no assurances that sufficient borrowings will be available to support future operations until profitability is reached. We believe our current cash position and credit facility will be sufficient to sustain operations for at least the next twelve months from the date of this filing. If our plan to grow the IntentKey product is unsuccessful, we may need to fund operations through private or public sales of securities, debt financings or partnering/licensing transactions over the long term.

Cash Flows

The table below sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(2,833,853	)	$	(2,568,984	)
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities	$	1,452,445		$	(1,355,652	)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities	$	3,495,105		$	(178,258	)

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Cash Flows - Operating

Net cash used in operating activities was $2,833,853 during the six months ended June 30, 2023. We reported a net loss of $6,817,343 which included non-cash expenses of depreciation and amortization expense of $1,317,203, depreciation of right of use assets of $58,013 and stock-based compensation expense of $935,145. The change in operating assets and liabilities during the six months ended June 30, 2023 was a net provision of cash of $1,371,741 primarily due to an increase of accrued liabilities and other liabilities of $3,069,680 partially offset by a lower accounts payable balance. Our terms are such that we generally collect receivables prior to paying trade payables. However, our Media sales arrangements typically have slower payment terms than the terms of related payables.

During the comparable six-month period in 2022, cash used in operating activities was $2,568,984 from a net loss of $5,319,190 and included several non-cash expenses of depreciation and amortization expense of $1,308,776 and stock-based compensation expense of $1,355,534. The change in operating assets and liabilities during the six months ended June 30, 2022, was a net use of cash of $365,807.

Cash Flows - Investing

Net cash provided by investing activities was $1,452,445 for the six months ended June 30, 2023, and consisted primarily of the sale of marketable securities, partially offset by capitalized internal development costs.  

Net cash used in investing activities was $1,355,652 for the six months ended June 30, 2022, and consisted primarily of the purchase of marketable securities and capitalized internal development costs. 

Cash Flows - Financing

Net cash provided by financing activities was $3,495,105 and during the six months ended June 30, 2023, and was primarily from proceeds from the capital raise (see Note 1).  

Net cash used in financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $178,258.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of June 30, 2023, we do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that are material to investors. The term "off-balance sheet arrangement" generally means any transaction, agreement or other contractual arrangement to which an entity unconsolidated with us is a party, under which we have any obligation arising under a guarantee contract, derivative instrument or variable interest or a retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to such entity or similar arrangement that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support for such assets.

ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Not applicable to a smaller reporting company.

ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures designed to reasonably assure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, such as this report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods prescribed by SEC rules and regulations, and to reasonably assure that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

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Our management does not expect that our disclosure controls will prevent all errors and fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of the control. The design of any systems of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of these inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of June 30, 2023, the end of the period covered by this report, our management concluded their evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. As of the evaluation date, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that we maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods prescribed by SEC rules and regulations, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

24

PART II

Item 1 - LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

None.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS-UPDATE

We desire to take advantage of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Accordingly, we incorporate by reference the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the SEC on March 9, 2023 and our subsequent filings with the SEC, subject to the new or modified risk factors appearing below that should be read in conjunction with the risk factors disclosed in such Form 10-K and our subsequent filings.

We rely on three customers for a significant portion of our revenues. We are reliant upon three customers for most of our revenue. During the second quarter of 2023, they accounted for 54.0%, 16.9% and 7.7% of our revenues, respectively.  During the same period in 2022, three different customers accounted for our largest revenue sources at 27.4%, 27.2% and 13.6%, respectively. The amount of revenue we receive from these customers is dependent on a number of factors outside of our control, including changes in the respective customers advertising budget, both in terms of allocated dollars and media mix, financial resources of the customers, as well as general economic conditions.  We would likely experience a significant decline in revenue and our business operations could be significantly harmed if these customers do not continue to utilize our services. Additionally, our business operations and financial condition could be significantly harmed if these customers do not pay for our services on a timely basis. The loss of any of these customers or a material change in the revenue or gross profit they generate or their failure to timely pay us for our services would have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition in future periods.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

None.

ITEM 4.  MINE SAFETY AND DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

25

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

No.	Exhibit Description	Form	Date Filed	Number	Filed or Furnished Herewith
3(i).1	Articles of Incorporation, as amended	10-KSB	3/1/04	4
3(i).2	Amended to Articles of Incorporation filed March 14, 2005	10-KSB	3/31/06	3.2
3(i).3	Articles of Merger between Inuvo, Inc. and Kowabunga! Inc.	8-K	7/24/09	3.4
3(i).4	Certificate of Change Filed Pursuant to NRS 78.209	8-K	12/10/10	3(i).4
3(i).5	Certificate of Merger as filed with the Secretary of State of Nevada on February 29, 2012	10-K	3/29/12	3(i).5
3(i).6	Articles of Amendment to Amended Articles of Incorporation as filed on February 29, 2012	10-K	3/29/12	3(i).6
3(i).7	Articles of Amendment to Amended Articles of Incorporation as filed on October 31, 2019	10-Q	5/15/20	3(i).7
3(i).8	Certificate of Validation of Amendment to Amended Articles of Incorporation as filed October 16, 2020.	10-Q	11/9/20	3(i).8
3(i).9	Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation as filed January 7, 2021	10-K	2/11/21	3(i).9
3(i).10	Articles of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation as filed on August 19, 2021	10-Q	11/12/21	3(i).10
3(ii).1	Amended and Restated By-Laws	10-K	3/31/10	3(ii).4
3(ii).2	Bylaw amendment adopted February 29, 2012	8-K	3/6/12	3(ii).1
10.1	Extension Amendment to Google Services Agreement by and between Vertro, Inc. and Google LLC, dated as of April 24, 2023, and effective as of May 1, 2023	8-K	4/27/23	10.1
10.2	Amendment #32 to the Yahoo Publisher Network Contract #1-19868214, dated as of May 10, 2023	8-K	5/16/23	10.1
10.3	Extension Amendment to Google Services Agreement by and between Vertro, Inc. and Google LLC, dated as of May 24, 2023, and effective as of June 1, 2023	8-K	5/24/23	10.1
10.4	Form of Securities Purchase Agreement dated May 25, 2023 by and between Inuvo and the purchasers listed therein	8-K	5/25/23	10.1
10.5	Extension Amendment to Google Services Agreement by and between Vertro, Inc. and Google LLC, dated as of June 23, 2023, and effective as of July 1, 2023	8-K	6/27/23	10.1
10.6	Extension Amendment to Google Services Agreement by and between Vertro, Inc. and Google LLC, dated as of July 24, 2023, and effective as of August 1, 2023	8-K	7/25/2023	10.1
31.1	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) certification of Chief Executive Officer				Filed
31.2	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) certification of Chief Financial Officer				Filed
32.1	Section 1350 certification of Chief Executive Officer				Furnished
32.2	Section 1350 certification of Chief Financial Officer				Furnished
101.INS	Inline XBRL Instance Document				Filed
101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document				Filed
101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document				Filed
101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document				Filed
101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document				Filed
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document				Filed
101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document				Filed
104	The cover page for Inuvo, Inc.’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL (included with Exhibit 101 attachments).				Furnished

26

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	Inuvo, Inc.
August 10, 2023	By:	/s/ Richard K. Howe
		Richard K. Howe,
		Chief Executive Officer, principal executive officer
August 10, 2023	By:	/s/ Wallace D. Ruiz
		Wallace D. Ruiz,
		Chief Financial Officer, principal financial and accounting officer

27

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification

I, Richard K. Howe, certify that:

I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Inuvo, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 10, 2023

/s/ Richard K. Howe 

Richard K. Howe

Chief Executive Officer, principal executive officer

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification

I, Wallace D. Ruiz, certify that:

I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Inuvo, Inc.;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 10, 2023

/s/ Wallace D. Ruiz 

Wallace D. Ruiz

Chief Financial Officer, principal financial and accounting officer

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

Section 1350 Certification

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Inuvo, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the year-ended June 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Richard K. Howe, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. SS. 1350, as adopted pursuant to SS. 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial conditions and results of operations of the Company.

Date: August 10, 2023

/s/ Richard K. Howe 

Richard K. Howe

Chief Executive Officer, principal executive officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

Section 1350 Certification

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Inuvo, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the year-ended June 30, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), I, Wallace D. Ruiz, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. SS. 1350, as adopted pursuant to SS. 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial conditions and results of operations of the Company.

Date: August 10, 2023

 /s/ Wallace D. Ruiz 

Wallace D. Ruiz

Chief Financial Officer, principal financial and accounting officer

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Cover - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Aug. 04, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	Inuvo, Inc.
Entity Central Index Key	0000829323
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2023
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Entity Common Stock Shares Outstanding		0
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-32442
Entity Incorporation State Country Code	NV
Entity Tax Identification Number	87-0450450
Entity Address Address Line 1	500 President Clinton Ave.
Entity Address Address Line 2	Suite 300
Entity Address City Or Town	Little Rock
Entity Address State Or Province	AR
Entity Address Postal Zip Code	72201
City Area Code	501
Local Phone Number	205-8508
Security 12b Title	Common stock
Trading Symbol	INUV
Security Exchange Name	NYSEAMER
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 5,045,112	$ 2,931,415
Marketable securities - short term	0	1,529,464
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,762,998 and $1,440,678, respectively.	10,795,658	11,119,892
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	828,601	798,977
Total current assets	16,669,371	16,379,748
Property and equipment, net	1,680,448	1,668,972
Other assets
Goodwill	9,853,342	9,853,342
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization	5,157,041	5,649,291
Referral and support services agreement advance	650,000	800,000
Marketable securities - long term	0	660,126
Right of use assets - operating lease	128,689	310,162
Right of use assets - finance lease	110,738	168,750
Other assets	35,170	66,919
Total other assets	15,934,980	17,508,590
Total assets	34,284,799	35,557,310
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	6,192,824	8,044,802
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	8,241,372	5,162,458
Lease liability - operating lease	119,624	287,523
Lease liability - finance lease	74,097	101,003
Total current liabilities	14,627,917	13,595,786
Long-term liabilities
Deferred tax liability	107,000	107,000
Lease liability - operating lease	10,331	23,878
Lease liability - finance lease	33,344	70,597
Other long-term liabilities	3,555	10,733
Total long-term liabilities	154,230	212,208
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value:
Authorized shares 500,000, none issued and outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $0.001 par value:
Authorized shares 200,000,000; issued and outstanding shares 137,817,253 and 120,137,124, respectively.	137,818	120,138
Additional paid-in capital	183,239,735	178,771,604
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	0	(84,868)
Accumulated deficit	(163,874,901)	(157,057,558)
Total stockholders' equity	19,502,652	21,749,316
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$ 34,284,799	$ 35,557,310

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 1,762,998	$ 1,440,678
Preferred stock, par or stated value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	500,000	500,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par or stated value per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock shares authorized (in shares)	200,000,000	200,000,000
Common stock shares issued (in shares)	137,817,253	120,137,124
Common stock shares outstanding (in shares)	137,817,253	120,137,124

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Unaudited) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Unaudited)
Net revenue	$ 16,651,405	$ 22,651,305	$ 28,498,845	$ 41,260,672
Cost of revenue	2,368,540	9,273,589	5,559,103	17,935,095
Gross profit	14,282,865	13,377,716	22,939,742	23,325,577
Operating expenses
Marketing costs	12,056,616	10,988,409	19,144,166	18,157,858
Compensation	3,253,416	3,215,890	6,676,257	6,373,596
General and administrative	2,311,885	2,011,237	3,893,774	3,737,909
Total operating expenses	17,621,917	16,215,536	29,714,197	28,269,363
Operating loss	(3,339,052)	(2,837,820)	(6,774,455)	(4,943,786)
Financing expense, net	(38,186)	3,070	(57,306)	2,071
Other income (expense), net	0	(395,177)	14,418	(377,475)
Net loss	(3,377,238)	(3,229,927)	(6,817,343)	(5,319,190)
Other comprehensive income
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities	0	(124,253)	84,868	(222,409)
Comprehensive loss	$ (3,377,238)	$ (3,354,180)	$ (6,732,475)	$ (5,541,599)
Per common share data Basic and diluted:
Net loss per share (basic and diluted)	$ (0.03)	$ (0.03)	$ (0.05)	$ (0.04)
Weighted average shares
Basic	127,249,916	119,827,944	124,115,098	118,788,819
Diluted	127,249,916	119,827,944	124,115,098	118,788,819

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Operating activities
Net loss	$ (6,817,343)	$ (5,319,190)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,317,203	1,308,776
Depreciation-Right of Use Assets - Financing	58,013	48,697
Stock based compensation	935,145	1,355,534
Amortization of financing fees	2,084	2,500
Provision (recovery) of doubtful accounts	322,320	20,086
Loss (gain) on marketable securities	(14,418)	377,475
Stock warrant expense	(8,598)	12,945
Derecognition of contingency and grant	0	(10,000)
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	1,913	(3,849,084)
Referral and support services agreement advance	150,000	150,000
Prepaid expenses, unbilled revenue and other assets	2,126	333,820
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	3,069,680	1,597,637
Accounts payable	(1,851,978)	1,401,820
Net cash used in operating activities	(2,833,853)	(2,568,984)
Investing activities:
Purchases of equipment and capitalized development costs	(836,428)	(911,443)
Purchase of marketable securities	0	(1,600,121)
Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities	2,288,873	1,155,912
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	1,452,445	(1,355,652)
Financing activities:
Gross proceeds from line of credit	592,868	0
Repayments on line of credit	(592,868)	0
Payments on finance lease obligations	(64,159)	(49,737)
Proceeds from at-the-market sales	61,136	0
Capital raise, net of issuance costs	3,665,000	0
Net taxes paid on restricted stock unit grants exercised	(166,872)	(128,521)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities	3,495,105	(178,258)
Net change - cash	2,113,697	(4,102,894)
Cash and cash equivalent, beginning of year	2,931,415	10,475,964
Cash and cash equivalent, end of period	5,045,112	6,373,070
Supplemental information:
Interest paid	$ 67,532	$ 12,625

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) - USD ($)	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid in Capital	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2021		118,747,447
Balance, amount at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 32,807,995	$ 118,748	$ 176,586,529	$ (143,951,019)	$ 53,737
Net loss	(2,089,263)			(2,089,263)
Unrealized loss on debt securities	(98,156)				(98,156)
Stock-based compensation	671,158		671,158
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards, shares		1,059,755
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards, amount	0	$ 1,060	(1,060)
Shares withheld for taxes on vested restricted stock	128,520		(128,520)
Stock warrants issued for referral agreement	12,483		12,483
Balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2022		119,807,202
Balance, amount at Mar. 31, 2022	31,175,697	$ 119,808	177,140,590	(146,040,282)	(44,419)
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2021		118,747,447
Balance, amount at Dec. 31, 2021	32,807,995	$ 118,748	176,586,529	(143,951,019)	53,737
Net loss	(5,319,190)
Unrealized loss on debt securities	(222,409)
Balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2022		119,873,868
Balance, amount at Jun. 30, 2022	28,506,355	$ 119,874	177,825,362	(149,270,209)	(168,672)
Balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2022		119,807,202
Balance, amount at Mar. 31, 2022	31,175,697	$ 119,808	177,140,590	(146,040,282)	(44,419)
Net loss	(3,229,927)			(3,229,927)
Unrealized loss on debt securities	(124,253)				(124,253)
Stock-based compensation	684,376		684,376
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards, shares		66,666
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards, amount	0	$ 66	(66)
Stock warrants issued for referral agreement	462		462
Balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2022		119,873,868
Balance, amount at Jun. 30, 2022	28,506,355	$ 119,874	177,825,362	(149,270,209)	(168,672)
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2022		120,137,124
Balance, amount at Dec. 31, 2022	21,749,316	$ 120,138	178,771,604	(157,057,558)	(84,868)
Net loss	(3,440,105)			(3,440,105)
Unrealized loss on debt securities	84,868				84,868
Stock-based compensation	432,084		432,084
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards, shares		1,503,238
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards, amount	0	$ 1,503	(1,503)
Shares withheld for taxes on vested restricted stock	(166,872)		(166,872)
Reversal of expense related to a change in warrant vesting	(9,874)		(9,874)
Balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2023		121,640,362
Balance, amount at Mar. 31, 2023	18,649,417	$ 121,641	179,025,439	(160,497,663)	0
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2022		120,137,124
Balance, amount at Dec. 31, 2022	21,749,316	$ 120,138	178,771,604	(157,057,558)	(84,868)
Net loss	(6,817,343)
Unrealized loss on debt securities	84,868
Balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2023		137,817,253
Balance, amount at Jun. 30, 2023	19,502,652	$ 137,818	183,239,735	(163,874,901)	0
Balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2023		121,640,362
Balance, amount at Mar. 31, 2023	18,649,417	$ 121,641	179,025,439	(160,497,663)	0
Net loss	(3,377,238)			(3,377,238)
Unrealized loss on debt securities	0
Stock-based compensation	503,061		503,061
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards, shares		3,333
Stock issued for vested restricted stock awards, amount	0	$ 3	(3)
Stock warrants issued for referral agreement	1,276		1,276
Capital raise, net of issuance costs, shares		16,000,000
Capital raise, net of issuance costs, amount	3,665,000	$ 16,000	3,649,000
AGP Closing at-the-market sale, shares		173,558
AGP Closing at-the-market sale	61,136	$ 174	60,962
Balance, shares at Jun. 30, 2023		137,817,253
Balance, amount at Jun. 30, 2023	$ 19,502,652	$ 137,818	$ 183,239,735	$ (163,874,901)	$ 0

XML

Organization and Business

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Organization and Business

Organization and Business

Note 1 – Organization and Business  

Company Overview

Inuvo is a technology company that develops and sells information technology solutions for marketing and advertising. These solutions predictively identify and message online audiences for any product, service or brand across devices, formats, and channels including video, mobile, connected TV, linear TV, display, social, search and native. These solutions allow Inuvo’s clients to engage with their audiences in a manner that drives responsiveness. Inuvo facilitates the delivery of hundreds of millions of marketing messages to consumers every single month and counts among its client’s numerous world-renowned brands across industries.

The Inuvo solution incorporates a proprietary form of artificial intelligence, or AI, branded the IntentKey. This patented technology is a model of the human language built from crawling public content on billions of webpages. The AI uses this model of the language to predict and action audiences based on the reasons why consumers are interested, not who the people are within those audiences. In this regard, the technology is designed for a consumer privacy conscious future while addressing the components of the advertising value chain most responsible for return on advertising spend, the intelligence behind the advertising decision.

Inuvo technology can be consumed both as a managed service and software-as-a-service. For certain clients, Inuvo has also developed website services that have included proprietary digital properties collectively branded as Bonfire Publishing where content is created specifically to align with the audiences our clients are targeting. These publications provide information across a wide range of topics including health, finance, travel, careers, auto, education and lifestyle. These websites also provide the means to market test various Inuvo advertising technologies. Further, Inuvo provides campaign delivery services across all advertising platforms and channels.

There are many barriers to entry associated with the Inuvo business model, including a proficiency in large scale information processing, predictive software development, marketing data products, analytics, artificial intelligence, integration to the internet of things ("IOT"), and the relationships required to execute within the IOT. Inuvo’s intellectual property is protected by 19 issued and eight pending patents.

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2023, we had approximately $5 million in cash and cash equivalents and our net working capital was approximately $2 million. We have encountered recurring losses and cash outflows from operations, which historically we have funded through equity offerings and debt facilities. In addition, our investment in internally developed software consists primarily of labor costs which are of a fixed nature. Through June 30, 2023, our accumulated deficit was $163.9 million.

Our principal sources of liquidity are the sale of our common stock and our credit facility discussed in Note 6 - Bank Debt. On May 30, 2023, we raised $4.0 million in gross proceeds in a registered direct offering, before expenses, through the sale of an aggregate of 16,000,000 shares of our common stock The shares were offered pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (the “Shelf Registration Statement”) and a prospectus supplement relating to the offering was filed with the SEC on May 26, 2023.

In March 2021, we contracted with an investment management company to manage our cash in excess of current operating needs. We placed $2 million in cash equivalent accounts and $10 million in an interest-bearing account. At June 30, 2023, our funds with the investment management company were approximately $467 thousand and were invested in cash and cash equivalent accounts. A detail of the activity is described in Note 3 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

On May 28, 2021, we entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners, as sales agent (the “Sales Agent”), pursuant to which we may offer and sell through or to the Sales Agent shares of our common stock (the “ATM Program”) up to an aggregate amount of gross proceeds of $14,611,900. During the year ended December 31, 2021 and through March 31, 2023, we did not issue any shares of common stock or receive any aggregate proceeds under the ATM Program, and we did not pay any commissions to the Sales Agent. During the quarter ended June 30, 2023, we sold 173,558 shares for gross proceeds totaling $63,136 under the ATM Program and paid the Sales Agent a commission of $1,902.  Any shares of common stock offered and sold in the ATM Program will be issued pursuant to our universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3. The ATM Program will terminate upon (a) the election of the Sales Agent upon the occurrence of certain adverse events, (b) 10 days’ advance notice from one party to the other, or (c) the sale of the balance available under our Shelf Registration Statement. Under the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Sales Agent is entitled to a commission at a fixed rate of 3.0% of the gross proceeds from each sale of shares under the Sales Agreement.

We have focused our resources behind a plan to market our collective multi-channel advertising capabilities differentiated by our AI technology, the IntentKey, where we have a technology advantage and higher margins. If we are successful in implementing our plan, we expect to return to a positive cash flow from operations. However, there is no assurance that we will be able to achieve this objective.

Management plans to support the Company’s future operations and capital expenditures primarily through cash raised from the sale of stock in May 2023, cash generated from future operations and borrowings from the credit facility until reaching profitability. The credit facility is due upon demand and therefore there can be no assurances that sufficient borrowings will be available to support future operations until profitability is reached. We believe our current cash position and credit facility will be sufficient to sustain operations for at least the next twelve months from the date of this filing. If our plan to grow the IntentKey product is unsuccessful, we may need to fund operations through private or public sales of securities, debt financings or partnering/licensing transactions over the long term.

Customer concentration

For the three-month period ending June 30, 2023, three customers accounted for 78.6% of our overall revenue at 54.0%, 16.9% and 7.7% and for the six-month period ending June 30, 2023, 73.5% of our overall revenue at 42.5%, 20.4% and 10.6%, respectively. Those same three customers accounted for 47.3% of our gross accounts receivable balance as of June 30, 2023. As of December 31, 2022, the same customers accounted for 23.9% of our gross accounts receivable balance.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements presented are for Inuvo and its subsidiaries. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared based upon SEC rules that permit reduced disclosure for interim periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures have been condensed or omitted in accordance with those rules and regulations. The accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of results of operations and financial condition for the interim periods shown including normal recurring accruals and other items. The results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. For a more complete discussion of significant accounting policies and certain other information, this report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which was filed with the SEC on March 9, 2023.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements, in accordance with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are based upon management’s regular evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. We regularly evaluate estimates and assumptions related to allowance for doubtful accounts, capitalized labor, goodwill and purchased intangible asset valuations and income tax valuation allowance. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, and such differences could be material.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue recognition - We generate revenue by identifying audiences and presenting advertisements on behalf of our customers. Ultimately, our customers are brands and merchants. We may contract directly with a brand or merchant, a Direct Customer or we may serve the ultimate customer through a contract with an agent, an Indirect Customer. Revenue is recognized when the contracted services are provided to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services. We charge our customers on a cents per thousand (CPM) basis, cost per click ("CPC") basis, or as a specific dollar charge. Revenue billed as CPM is generally programmatic digital advertising and is performed under a contract known as an Insertion Order (“IO”). Programmatic digital advertising revenue is recognized in part or fully in the period the IO is partially or fully executed. Revenue earned from placing an ad or an impression on websites, some of which we own, may be on a CPM or CPC basis. We recognize revenue from ad placement and serving impressions in the period in which they occur. The Company settles ad placement and CPC transactions with its customers net of any adjustments for poor traffic quality. Payments to advertising exchanges that provide access to digital inventory and to a lesser extent, payments to website publishers and app developers that host advertisements we serve are recognized as cost of revenue.

The following table provides revenues for Direct Customers, Indirect Customers, and Consulting during the periods presented.

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022				2023				2022
Direct Customers	$	3,306,788	19.8	%	$	11,560,450	51.0	%	$	7,226,562	25.4	%	$	22,286,019	54.0	%
Indirect Customers		13,317,899	80.0	%		11,046,215	48.8	%		21,231,089	74.5	%		18,885,325	45.8	%
Consulting		26,718	0.2	%		44,640	0.2	%		41,194	0.1	%		89,328	0.2	%
Total	$	16,651,405	100.0	%	$	22,651,305	100.0	%	$	28,498,845	100.0	%	$	41,260,672	100.0	%

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

On January 1, 2023, we adopted Accounting Standards Code (ASC) No. 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses. ASC 326 requires a financial asset (loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financials assets not excluded from scope) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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Fair Value Measurements

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Note 3 – Fair Value Measurements

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value based on the short-term nature of these items.

In accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value as follows:

Level 1 – Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 1 assets and liabilities generally include debt and equity securities that are traded in an active exchange market. Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Valuation is based on observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 – Valuation is based on unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

The following table summarizes our cash equivalents and marketable securities measured at fair value. Certain marketable securities consist of investments in debt and equity securities. We classify our cash equivalents and marketable securities within Level 1 because we use observable inputs that reflect quoted market prices for identical assets in active markets to determine their fair value. We have classified debt securities as available for sale securities with unrealized gains and losses recorded as other comprehensive income. We have classified equity securities as trading and are marked to market with changes recorded as other income on the income statement. Any interest income or dividends are recorded within financing expense, net on the income statement.

	Investment Assets at Fair Value				Investment Assets at Fair Value
	As of June 30, 2023				As of December 31, 2022
	Level 1		Total		Level 1		Total
Debt securities					$	936,563	$	936,563
Equity securities					$	1,253,027	$	1,253,027
Cash equivalents	$	467,384	$	467,384	$	801	$	801
Total Investments at Fair Value	$	467,384	$	467,384	$	2,190,391	$	2,190,391

The cost, gross unrealized gains (losses) and fair value of marketable securities by major security type were as follows:

	As of December 31
	2022
	Cost		Unrealized Gain (Loss)			Fair Value
Marketable securities
Debt securities	$	1,021,431	$	(84,868	)	$	936,563
Equity securities		1,776,773		(523,746	)		1,253,027
Total marketable securities						$	2,189,590

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Property and Equipment

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment

Note 4 – Property and Equipment

The net carrying value of property and equipment was as follows as of:

	June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Furniture and fixtures	$	293,152		$	293,152
Equipment		1,274,851			1,265,752
Capitalized internal use and purchased software		15,330,939			14,503,608
Leasehold improvements		458,885			458,885
Subtotal		17,357,827			16,521,397
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(15,677,379	)		(14,852,425	)
Total	$	1,680,448		$	1,668,972

During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, depreciation expense was $824,954 and $729,732, respectively.

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Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill

 Note 5 – Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The following is a schedule of intangible assets and goodwill as of June 30, 2023:

	Term		Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization and Impairment			Net Carrying Value		Year-to-date Amortization
Customer list, Google	20 years		$	8,820,000	$	(4,998,000	)	$	3,822,000	$	220,500
Technology	5 years			3,600,000		(3,600,000	)		0		0
Customer list, ReTargeter	5 years			1,931,250		(1,512,813	)		418,437		193,125
Customer list, all other	10 years			1,610,000		(1,610,000	)		0		0
Brand name, ReTargeter	5 years			643,750		(504,271	)		139,479		64,375
Customer relationships	20 years			570,000		(182,875	)		387,125		14,250
Trade names, web properties (1)		-		390,000					390,000		0
Intangible assets classified as long-term			$	17,565,000	$	(12,407,959	)	$	5,157,041	$	492,250
Goodwill, total		-	$	9,853,342	$	—		$	9,853,342	$	—

(1) The trade names related to our web properties have an indefinite life, and as such are not amortized.

Amortization expense over the next five years and thereafter is as follows:

2023 (remainder of year)	$	492,250
2024		769,917
2025		469,500
2026		469,500
2027		469,500
Thereafter		2,096,374
Total	$	4,767,041

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Bank Debt

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Bank Debt

Bank Debt

Note 6 – Bank Debt

On March 1, 2023, we entered into Amendment No. 1 to Loan and Security Agreement and Collateral Documents (“Agreement”) with Mitsubishi HC Capital America, Inc., f/k/a/ Hitachi Capital America Corp. (“MHCA”). Under the terms of the Agreement, MHCA has provided us with a $5,000,000 line of credit commitment. We are permitted to borrow up to 80% of the aggregate Eligible Accounts Receivable (which may increase to 85% if certain conditions are met), up to the maximum credit commitment of $5,000,000. We will pay MHCA monthly interest at the rate of 1.75% in excess of the Wall Street Journal Prime Rate. The principal and all accrued but unpaid interest are due on demand. In the event of a default under the terms of the Loan and Security Agreement, the interest rate increases to 6% greater than the interest rate in effect from time to time prior to a default. The Agreement contains certain affirmative and negative covenants to which we are also subject. We agreed to pay MHCA an amendment fee of $10,000 on issuance of the Agreement, and thereafter an annual commitment fee of $10,000. We are also obligated to pay MHCA a quarterly service fee of 0.20% on the monthly unused amount of the maximum credit line. If we terminate the Agreement (i) before February 28, 2024, we are obligated to pay MHCA an exit fee of $50,000, or (ii) after February 28, 2024 but before February 28, 2025, we are obligated to pay MHCA an exit fee of $25,000. The Loan and Security Agreement continues for an indefinite term. At June 30, 2023, there were no outstanding balances due under the Loan and Security Agreement.

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Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Note 7 – Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

The accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following as of:

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accrued marketing costs	$	6,226,698	$	3,321,598
Accrued payroll and commission liabilities		1,012,366		782,441
Accrued expenses and other		997,537		1,044,664
Arkansas grant contingency		_		10,000
Accrued taxes, current portion		4,771		3,755
Total	$	8,241,372	$	5,162,458

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Commitments

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Commitments

Commitments

Note 8 – Commitments    

On September 17, 2021, we signed a multi-year agreement with a business development partner to provide referral and support services to us. The agreement required an advance fee of $1.5 million with $300,000 recorded in other current assets. The advance is being amortized as marketing expenses over five years. As of June 30, 2023, $550,000 has been amortized and the balance is $650,000.  As part of the agreement, we granted a warrant exercisable into 300,000 shares of our common stock, which vests over two years upon achieving certain performance metrics (see Note 11 - Stockholders' Equity).  Additionally, we agreed to pay quarterly support fees upon reaching certain levels of operational activity. In April 2022, we agreed to

Amendment No. 2 ("amendment") to the agreement. The amendment replaced the quarterly support fees with a commission on quarterly cumulative programmatic revenue. The amendment also revised the cumulative target media spend and the associated commission. The total amount of commission recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was approximately $40,000 and $394,000, respectively.

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Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Note 9 – Income Taxes

We have no current income tax expense and incur only the minimum state taxes which are included in operating expenses. We have deferred tax assets of $41,453,068. We believe it is more likely than not that essentially none of our deferred tax assets will be realized, and we have recorded a valuation allowance of $40,042,968 for the deferred tax assets that may not be realized as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. We also have deferred tax liabilities totaling $1,517,100 as of June 30, 2023, related to intangible assets acquired in March 2012 and February 2017. These balances are presented as a net deferred tax liability of $107,000 composed of indefinite lived intangible assets.

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StockBased Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

StockBased Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

Note 10 – Stock-Based Compensation

We maintain a stock-based compensation program intended to attract, retain and provide incentives for talented employees and directors and align stockholder and employee interests. During the 2023 and 2022 periods, we granted restricted stock units ("RSUs") from the 2017 Equity Compensation Plan, as amended (“2017 ECP”). RSU vesting periods are generally up to three years and/or based upon achieving certain financial targets.

On January 1, 2022, in accordance with the plan provisions, the number of shares available for issuance under the 2017 ECP was increased by 150,000 shares. On June 16, 2022, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2017 ECP increasing the number of shares of our common stock reserved for issuance by 15,000,000 shares. As of June 30, 2023, the total number of authorized shares of our common stock under the 2017 ECP was 24,550,000.

Compensation Expense

For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, we recorded stock-based compensation expense for all equity incentive plans of $935,145 and $1,355,534 respectively. Total compensation cost not yet recognized at June 30, 2023 was $2,588,400, which will be recognized over a weighted-average recognition period of approximately three years.

The following table summarizes the stock grants outstanding under 2017 ECP for the three months ended June 30, 2023:

	Options Outstanding		RSUs Outstanding		Options and RSUs Exercised		Available Shares		Total Awards Authorized
Total		—		6,893,349		6,600,788		11,055,863		24,550,000

The fair value of restricted stock units is determined using market value of the common stock on the date of the grant. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model. The use of this valuation model involves assumptions that are judgmental and highly sensitive in the determination of compensation expense and include the expected life of the option, stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, dividend yield, exercise price, and forfeiture rate.

Forfeitures are estimated at the time of valuation and reduce expense ratably over the vesting period. The forfeiture rate, which is estimated at a weighted average of 0% of unvested options outstanding, is adjusted periodically based on the extent to which actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from the previous estimate.

The following table summarizes the activity of stock option awards for the six months ended June 30, 2023:

	Shares Subject to Options Outstanding
	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, beginning of period		100,000		$	0.52
Stock options canceled		(100,000	)	$	0.52
Outstanding, end of period		—			—

The following table summarizes the activities for our RSUs for the six months ended June 30, 2023:

	RSUs
	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of period		4,913,339		$	0.79
Granted		4,070,000		$	0.31
Vested		(2,039,989	)	$	0.86
Cancelled		(50,001	)	$	0.54
Outstanding, end of period		6,893,349		$	0.49

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Stockholders Equity

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Stockholders Equity

Stockholders' Equity

Note 11 – Stockholders' Equity

Warrants

On September 17, 2021, we signed an agreement with a marketing platform and consulting company to provide referral and support services to us for a period of five years (see Note 8 - Commitments).  As part of that agreement, we granted a warrant exercisable into 300,000 shares of our common stock, at $0.72 per share, which vests in two tranches when certain performance metrics are achieved. The warrant was valued using the Black Scholes option pricing model at a total of $149,551 based on a seven-year term, an implied volatility of 100%, a risk-free equivalent yield of 1.17%, and a stock price of $0.71. The warrant is classified as equity and will be expensed over the vesting period of each tranche if the performance criteria are achieved. On August 31, 2022, 85,862 shares vested in accordance with the contracted performance criteria. For the second tranche, we recognized a credit of approximately $2,000 for the six-month period ended June 30, 2023 relating to a change in the probability of performance criteria being achieved.

Earnings per Share

For the three-month period ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we generated a net loss from continuing operations and as a result, any potential common shares are anti-dilutive.

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Leases

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Leases

Leases

Note 12 – Leases

We have entered into operating and finance leases primarily for real estate and equipment rental. These leases have terms which range from three years to five years, and often include one or more options to renew or in the case of equipment rental, to purchase the equipment. These operating and finance leases are listed as separate line items on our consolidated balance sheets and represent our right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. Our obligation to make lease payments is also listed as separate line items on our consolidated balance sheets.  As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, total operating and financed right-of-use assets were $128,689 and $110,738, and $310,162 and $168,750, respectively.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $58,013 and $48,697, respectively, in amortization expense related to finance leases. 

Because the rate implicit in each lease is not readily determinable, we use our incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of the lease payments.

Information related to our operating lease liabilities are as follows:

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities	$	104,276
Weighted-average remaining lease term	2.57 years
Weighted-average discount rate		6.25	%

Minimum future lease payments ended June 30, 2023
2023 (remainder of year)	$	110,260
2024		16,638
2025		5,653
2026		1,993
		134,544
Less imputed interest		(4,589	)
Total lease liabilities	$	129,955

Information related to our financed lease liabilities are as follows:

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
Cash paid for finance lease liabilities	$	36,103
Weighted-average remaining lease term	1.63 years
Weighted-average discount rate		6.25	%

Minimum future lease payments ended June 30, 2023
2023 (remainder of the year)	$	36,957
2024		56,180
2025		18,490
		111,627
Less imputed interest		(4,186	)
Total lease liabilities	$	107,441

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements presented are for Inuvo and its subsidiaries. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared based upon SEC rules that permit reduced disclosure for interim periods. Certain information and footnote disclosures have been condensed or omitted in accordance with those rules and regulations. The accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). In our opinion, these consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of results of operations and financial condition for the interim periods shown including normal recurring accruals and other items. The results for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. For a more complete discussion of significant accounting policies and certain other information, this report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which was filed with the SEC on March 9, 2023.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements, in accordance with GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net revenues and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. The estimates and assumptions used in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are based upon management’s regular evaluation of the relevant facts and circumstances as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. We regularly evaluate estimates and assumptions related to allowance for doubtful accounts, capitalized labor, goodwill and purchased intangible asset valuations and income tax valuation allowance. Actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, and such differences could be material.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue recognition - We generate revenue by identifying audiences and presenting advertisements on behalf of our customers. Ultimately, our customers are brands and merchants. We may contract directly with a brand or merchant, a Direct Customer or we may serve the ultimate customer through a contract with an agent, an Indirect Customer. Revenue is recognized when the contracted services are provided to a customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services. We charge our customers on a cents per thousand (CPM) basis, cost per click ("CPC") basis, or as a specific dollar charge. Revenue billed as CPM is generally programmatic digital advertising and is performed under a contract known as an Insertion Order (“IO”). Programmatic digital advertising revenue is recognized in part or fully in the period the IO is partially or fully executed. Revenue earned from placing an ad or an impression on websites, some of which we own, may be on a CPM or CPC basis. We recognize revenue from ad placement and serving impressions in the period in which they occur. The Company settles ad placement and CPC transactions with its customers net of any adjustments for poor traffic quality. Payments to advertising exchanges that provide access to digital inventory and to a lesser extent, payments to website publishers and app developers that host advertisements we serve are recognized as cost of revenue.

The following table provides revenues for Direct Customers, Indirect Customers, and Consulting during the periods presented.

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022				2023				2022
Direct Customers	$	3,306,788	19.8	%	$	11,560,450	51.0	%	$	7,226,562	25.4	%	$	22,286,019	54.0	%
Indirect Customers		13,317,899	80.0	%		11,046,215	48.8	%		21,231,089	74.5	%		18,885,325	45.8	%
Consulting		26,718	0.2	%		44,640	0.2	%		41,194	0.1	%		89,328	0.2	%
Total	$	16,651,405	100.0	%	$	22,651,305	100.0	%	$	28,498,845	100.0	%	$	41,260,672	100.0	%

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

On January 1, 2023, we adopted Accounting Standards Code (ASC) No. 326, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses. ASC 326 requires a financial asset (loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financials assets not excluded from scope) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Revenue from Products and Services

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,								For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023				2022				2023				2022
Direct Customers	$	3,306,788	19.8	%	$	11,560,450	51.0	%	$	7,226,562	25.4	%	$	22,286,019	54.0	%
Indirect Customers		13,317,899	80.0	%		11,046,215	48.8	%		21,231,089	74.5	%		18,885,325	45.8	%
Consulting		26,718	0.2	%		44,640	0.2	%		41,194	0.1	%		89,328	0.2	%
Total	$	16,651,405	100.0	%	$	22,651,305	100.0	%	$	28,498,845	100.0	%	$	41,260,672	100.0	%

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Fair Value Measurements

Schedule of Investments and Assets at Fair Value

	Investment Assets at Fair Value				Investment Assets at Fair Value
	As of June 30, 2023				As of December 31, 2022
	Level 1		Total		Level 1		Total
Debt securities					$	936,563	$	936,563
Equity securities					$	1,253,027	$	1,253,027
Cash equivalents	$	467,384	$	467,384	$	801	$	801
Total Investments at Fair Value	$	467,384	$	467,384	$	2,190,391	$	2,190,391

Schedule of unrealized gains losses and fair value of marketable securities

	As of December 31
	2022
	Cost		Unrealized Gain (Loss)			Fair Value
Marketable securities
Debt securities	$	1,021,431	$	(84,868	)	$	936,563
Equity securities		1,776,773		(523,746	)		1,253,027
Total marketable securities						$	2,189,590

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Property and Equipment (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Property and Equipment

Net Carrying Value of Property and Equipment

	June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Furniture and fixtures	$	293,152		$	293,152
Equipment		1,274,851			1,265,752
Capitalized internal use and purchased software		15,330,939			14,503,608
Leasehold improvements		458,885			458,885
Subtotal		17,357,827			16,521,397
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(15,677,379	)		(14,852,425	)
Total	$	1,680,448		$	1,668,972

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Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Schedule of Intangible Assets And Goodwill

	Term		Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization and Impairment			Net Carrying Value		Year-to-date Amortization
Customer list, Google	20 years		$	8,820,000	$	(4,998,000	)	$	3,822,000	$	220,500
Technology	5 years			3,600,000		(3,600,000	)		0		0
Customer list, ReTargeter	5 years			1,931,250		(1,512,813	)		418,437		193,125
Customer list, all other	10 years			1,610,000		(1,610,000	)		0		0
Brand name, ReTargeter	5 years			643,750		(504,271	)		139,479		64,375
Customer relationships	20 years			570,000		(182,875	)		387,125		14,250
Trade names, web properties (1)		-		390,000					390,000		0
Intangible assets classified as long-term			$	17,565,000	$	(12,407,959	)	$	5,157,041	$	492,250
Goodwill, total		-	$	9,853,342	$	—		$	9,853,342	$	—

Schedule of Amortization Expense

2023 (remainder of year)	$	492,250
2024		769,917
2025		469,500
2026		469,500
2027		469,500
Thereafter		2,096,374
Total	$	4,767,041

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Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Schedule of Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accrued marketing costs	$	6,226,698	$	3,321,598
Accrued payroll and commission liabilities		1,012,366		782,441
Accrued expenses and other		997,537		1,044,664
Arkansas grant contingency		_		10,000
Accrued taxes, current portion		4,771		3,755
Total	$	8,241,372	$	5,162,458

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StockBased Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

StockBased Compensation

Schedule of Stock Grants Outstanding

	Options Outstanding		RSUs Outstanding		Options and RSUs Exercised		Available Shares		Total Awards Authorized
Total		—		6,893,349		6,600,788		11,055,863		24,550,000

Schedule of Stock Option Award Activity

	Shares Subject to Options Outstanding
	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding, beginning of period		100,000		$	0.52
Stock options canceled		(100,000	)	$	0.52
Outstanding, end of period		—			—

Schedule of Nonvested Restricted Stock Units Activity

	RSUs
	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding, beginning of period		4,913,339		$	0.79
Granted		4,070,000		$	0.31
Vested		(2,039,989	)	$	0.86
Cancelled		(50,001	)	$	0.54
Outstanding, end of period		6,893,349		$	0.49

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Leases (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2023

Leases

Schedule of Operating Lease Liability

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities	$	104,276
Weighted-average remaining lease term	2.57 years
Weighted-average discount rate		6.25	%

Minimum future lease payments ended June 30, 2023
2023 (remainder of year)	$	110,260
2024		16,638
2025		5,653
2026		1,993
		134,544
Less imputed interest		(4,589	)
Total lease liabilities	$	129,955

Schedule of Finance Lease Liability

	For the Six Months Ended June 30,
Cash paid for finance lease liabilities	$	36,103
Weighted-average remaining lease term	1.63 years
Weighted-average discount rate		6.25	%

Minimum future lease payments ended June 30, 2023
2023 (remainder of the year)	$	36,957
2024		56,180
2025		18,490
		111,627
Less imputed interest		(4,186	)
Total lease liabilities	$	107,441

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Organization and Business (Details Narrative)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	May 28, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) integer shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Number of patents issued | integer			19
Number of share sold | shares			16,000,000
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 5,000,000	$ 5,000,000		$ 2,000,000
Interest bearing account cash					$ 10,000,000
Net working capital		2,000,000	2,000,000
Accumulated deficit		$ 163,874,901	163,874,901	$ 157,057,558
Gross proceeds from credit facility from bank draft			4,000,000.0
Common Stocks [Member]
Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction, authorized amount	$ 14,611,900
Number of share sold | shares		173,558
Commission Fee, Percent	3.00%
Period For Which Advance Notice Is Due To Terminate Agreement	10 days
Number of share sold amount		$ 63,136
Agent commission		1,902
Investment Management Company [Member]
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 467,000	$ 467,000
Customer One, Two, and Three | Net Revenue | Customer Concentration Risk
Percentage of concentration risk		78.60%	73.50%
Customer One, Two, and Three | Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk
Percentage of concentration risk			47.30%	23.90%
Customer One | Net Revenue | Customer Concentration Risk
Percentage of concentration risk		54.00%	42.50%
Customer Two | Net Revenue | Customer Concentration Risk
Percentage of concentration risk		16.90%	20.40%
Customer Three | Net Revenue | Customer Concentration Risk
Percentage of concentration risk		7.70%	10.60%

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Net revenue	$ 16,651,405	$ 22,651,305	$ 28,498,845	$ 41,260,672
Percentage of total revenue	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Consulting
Net revenue	$ 26,718	$ 44,640	$ 41,194	$ 89,328
Percentage of total revenue	0.20%	0.20%	0.10%	0.20%
Direct Customers
Net revenue	$ 3,306,788	$ 11,560,450	$ 7,226,562	$ 22,286,019
Percentage of total revenue	19.80%	51.00%	25.40%	54.00%
Indirect Customers
Net revenue	$ 13,317,899	$ 11,046,215	$ 21,231,089	$ 18,885,325
Percentage of total revenue	80.00%	48.80%	74.50%	45.80%

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Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Fair Value, Recurring - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt securities	$ 0	$ 936,563
Equity securities	0	1,253,027
Cash equivalents	467,384	801
Total Investments at Fair Value	467,384	2,190,391
Level 1
Debt securities	0	936,563
Equity securities	0	1,253,027
Cash equivalents	467,384	801
Total Investments at Fair Value	$ 467,384	$ 2,190,391

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Fair Value Measurements (Details 1) - Fair Value, Recurring - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt securities, fair value	$ 0	$ 936,563
Equity securities, fair value	0	1,253,027
Level 1
Debt securities, cost		1,021,431
Debt securities, unrealized gain (loss)		(84,868)
Debt securities, fair value	0	936,563
Equity securities, cost		1,776,773
Equity securities, unrealized gain (loss)		(523,746)
Equity securities, fair value	$ 0	1,253,027
Total marketable securities		$ 2,189,590

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Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Subtotal	$ 17,357,827	$ 16,521,397
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(15,677,379)	(14,852,425)
Total	1,680,448	1,668,972
Furniture and fixtures
Subtotal	293,152	293,152
Equipment
Subtotal	1,274,851	1,265,752
Capitalized internal use and purchased software
Subtotal	15,330,939	14,503,608
Leasehold improvements
Subtotal	$ 458,885	$ 458,885

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Property and Equipment (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Property and Equipment
Depreciation expense	$ 824,954	$ 729,732

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Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Net Carrying Value	$ 4,767,041
Goodwill, Impaired, Accumulated Impairment Loss
Carrying Value	9,853,342
Net Carrying Value	9,853,342	$ 9,853,342
Trade names Web properties [Member]
Carrying Value	390,000
Net Carrying Value	390,000
Year-to-date Amortization	0
Intangible Assets Classified Long Term [Member]
Carrying Value	17,565,000
Accumulated Amortization and Impairment	(12,407,959)
Net Carrying Value	5,157,041
Year-to-date Amortization	$ 492,250
Customer list, Google
Term	20 years
Carrying Value	$ 8,820,000
Accumulated Amortization and Impairment	(4,998,000)
Net Carrying Value	3,822,000
Year-to-date Amortization	$ 220,500
Technology
Term	5 years
Carrying Value	$ 3,600,000
Accumulated Amortization and Impairment	(3,600,000)
Net Carrying Value	0
Year-to-date Amortization	$ 0
Customer list, ReTargeter
Term	5 years
Carrying Value	$ 1,931,250
Accumulated Amortization and Impairment	(1,512,813)
Net Carrying Value	418,437
Year-to-date Amortization	$ 193,125
Customer list, all other
Term	10 years
Carrying Value	$ 1,610,000
Accumulated Amortization and Impairment	(1,610,000)
Net Carrying Value	0
Year-to-date Amortization	$ 0
Brand name, ReTargeter
Term	5 years
Carrying Value	$ 643,750
Accumulated Amortization and Impairment	(504,271)
Net Carrying Value	139,479
Year-to-date Amortization	$ 64,375
Customer relationships
Term	20 years
Carrying Value	$ 570,000
Accumulated Amortization and Impairment	(182,875)
Net Carrying Value	387,125
Year-to-date Amortization	$ 14,250

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Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill (Details 1)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Other Intangible Assets and Goodwill
2023 (remainder of year)	$ 492,250
2024	769,917
2025	469,500
2026	469,500
2027	469,500
Thereafter	2,096,374
Net Carrying Value	$ 4,767,041

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Bank Debt (Details Narrative)	Mar. 01, 2023 USD ($)
Line of credit commitment	$ 5,000,000
Hitachi Capital America Corp.
Amendment fee	10,000
Annual commitment fee amount	$ 10,000
Quarterly service fee (as a percentage)	0.20%
Hitachi Capital America Corp. | Debt Covenant Period One
Exit fee	$ 50,000
Hitachi Capital America Corp. | Debt Covenant Period Two
Exit fee	25,000
Loan And Security Agreement | Hitachi Capital America Corp.
Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 5,000,000
Percentage of aggregate eligible accounts receivable	80.00%
Stated interest rate	1.75%
Debt instrument, default interest rate	6.00%
Loan And Security Agreement | Hitachi Capital America Corp. | Maximum
Percentage of aggregate eligible accounts receivable	85.00%

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Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued marketing costs	$ 6,226,698	$ 3,321,598
Accrued payroll and commission liabilities	1,012,366	782,441
Accrued expenses and other	997,537	1,044,664
Arkansas grant contingency	0	10,000
Accrued taxes, current portion	4,771	3,755
Total	$ 8,241,372	$ 5,162,458

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Commitments (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Sep. 17, 2021	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Referral and support services agreement advance	$ 1,500,000	$ 650,000
Referral agreement term	five years
Amortization of referral agreement as marketing expense		550,000
Number of securities called by each warrant or right (in shares)	300,000
Vesting period	two years
Commission recognized		$ 40,000	$ 394,000
Other Current Assets
Referral and support services agreement advance	$ 300,000

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Income Taxes (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Taxes
Deferred tax asset	$ 41,453,068
Valuation allowance	40,042,968	$ 40,042,968
Deferred tax liability	1,517,100
Net deferred tax liability composed of indefinite lived intangible assets	$ 107,000

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Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - shares	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
StockBased Compensation
Options Outstanding (in shares)	0	100,000
RSUs Outstanding (in shares)	6,893,349
Options and RSUs Exercised (in shares)	6,600,788
Available Shares (in shares)	11,055,863
Total Awards Authorized	24,550,000

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Stock-Based Compensation (Details 1)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 $ / shares shares
StockBased Compensation
Outstanding beginning balance (in shares) | shares	100,000
Stock options canceled (in shares) | shares	(100,000)
Outstanding ending balance (in shares) | shares	0
Outstanding beginning balance (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.52
Stock options canceled (in usd per share) | $ / shares	0.52
Outstanding ending balance (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 0

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Stock-Based Compensation (Details 2)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 $ / shares shares
Outstanding, end of period (in shares)	6,893,349
Restricted Stock Units
Outstanding, beginning of period (in shares)	4,913,339
Granted (in shares)	4,070,000
Vested (in shares)	(2,039,989)
Cancelled (in shares)	(50,001)
Outstanding, end of period (in shares)	6,893,349
Outstanding, beginning of year (in usd per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.79
Grants (in usd per share) | $ / shares	0.31
Vested (in usd per share) | $ / shares	0.86
Cancelled (in usd per share) | $ / shares	0.54
Outstanding, end of period (in shares) | $ / shares | $ / shares	$ 0.49

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Stock-Based Compensation (Details Narrative)	1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 16, 2022 shares	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)
StockBased Compensation
Increase in shares of common stock reserved for grants (in shares) | shares	15,000,000	150,000
Number of shares reserved for issuance (in shares) | shares		24,550,000
Stock based compensation | $		$ 935,145	$ 1,355,534
Compensation cost related to non vested awards not yet recognized | $		$ 2,588,400
Average remaining expense recognition period		3 years
Weighted average forfeiture rate in percentage		0

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Stockholders' Equity (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2022	Sep. 17, 2021	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022
Referral agreement term		five years
Class of warrant or right, granted in period (in shares)		300,000
Exercise price of warrant (in usd per share)		$ 0.72
Number of tranches		two tranches
Warrants outstanding		$ 149,551
Shares vested (in shares)	85,862
Stock warrant expense			$ (8,598)	$ 12,945
Measurement Input, Share Price
Exercise price of warrant (in usd per share)		$ 0.71
Measurement Input, Risk-free Yield
Warrants outstanding, measurement input		1.17%
Measurement Input, Implied Volatility
Volatility percentage		100.00%
Tranche [Member]
Stock warrant expense			$ 2,000

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Leases (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Leases
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities	$ 104,276
Weighted-average remaining lease term	2 years 6 months 25 days
Weighted-average discount rate	6.25%
Minimum future lease payments ended March 31, 2023
2023 (remainder of year)	$ 110,260
2024	16,638
2025	5,653
2026	1,993
Payments due	134,544
Less imputed interest	(4,589)
Total lease liabilities	$ 129,955

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Leases (Details 1)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Leases
Cash paid for finance lease liabilities	$ 36,103
Weighted-average remaining lease term	1 year 7 months 17 days
Weighted-average discount rate	6.25%
Minimum future lease payments ended March 31, 2023
2023 (remainder of the year)	$ 36,957
2024	56,180
2025	18,490
Payments due	111,627
Less imputed interest	(4,186)
Total lease liabilities	$ 107,441

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Leases (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Right of use assets - operating lease	$ 128,689		$ 310,162
Right of use assets - finance lease	110,738		$ 168,750
Finance lease amortization expense	$ 58,013	$ 48,697
Minimum
Term of contract	three years
Maximum
Term of contract	five years