11. FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

ASC 820-10 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820-10 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of inputs used in valuation methodologies into the following three levels:

Level 1: Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices, unadjusted, for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. A quoted price in an active market provides the most reliable evidence of fair value and shall be used to measure fair value whenever available.

Level 2: Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or inputs to the valuation methodology that are derived principally from or can be corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3: Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using discounted cash flow methodologies, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

The following tables present financial instruments carried at fair value as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 by valuation hierarchy (as described above):


(In Thousands) Description	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Asset (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis
Available-for-sale securities:
CMO	$	—	$	266,322	$	—	$	266,322
FNMA MBS		—		347,224		—		347,224
FHLMC MBS		—		86,893		—		86,893
GNMA MBS		—		26,793		—		26,793
GSE		—		39,227		—		39,227

Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	—	$	766,459	$	—	$	766,459
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis
Other real estate owned	$	—	$	—	$	2,935	$	2,935
Loans held-for-sale		—		32,625		—		32,625
Impaired loans, net		—		—		34,959		34,959

Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis	$	—	$	32,625	$	37,894	$	70,519

(In Thousands) Description	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Asset (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis
Available-for-sale securities:
CMO	$	—	$	251,488	$	—	$	251,488
FNMA MBS		—		318,471		—		318,471
FHLMC MBS		—		99,442		—		99,442
GNMA MBA		—		20,714		—		20,714
GSE				30,914		—		30,914

Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	—	$	721,029	$	—	$	721,029
Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis
Other real estate owned	$	—	$	—	$	5,080	$	5,080
Loans held-for sale		—		41,807		—		41,807
Impaired loans (collateral dependent)		—		—		35,086		35,086

Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis	$	—	$	41,807	$	40,166	$	81,973

There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy during the three months ending June 30, 2016 and no material liabilities measured at fair value as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Fair value is based upon quoted market prices, where available. If such quoted market prices are not available, fair value is based upon internally developed models or obtained from third parties that primarily use, as inputs, observable market-based parameters. Valuation adjustments may be made to ensure that financial instruments are recorded at fair value. These adjustments may include unobservable parameters. Our valuation methodologies may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. While we believe our valuation methodologies are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

Available-for-sale securities

As of June 30, 2016 securities classified as available-for-sale are reported at fair value using Level 2 inputs. Included in the Level 2 total are approximately $39.2 million in U.S. Treasury Notes and Federal Agency debentures, and $727.2 million in Federal Agency MBS. We believe that this Level 2 designation is appropriate for these securities under ASC 820-10 as, with almost all fixed income securities, none are exchange traded, and all are priced by correlation to observed market data. For these securities we obtain fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include dealer quotes, market spreads, cash flows, U.S. government and agency yield curves, live trading levels, trade execution data, market consensus prepayment speeds, credit information, and the security’s terms and conditions, among other factors.

Other real estate owned

Other real estate owned consists of loan collateral which has been repossessed through foreclosure or other measures. Initially, foreclosed assets are recorded at the lower of the loan balance or fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are updated periodically and the assets may be marked down further, reflecting a new cost basis. The fair value of our real estate owned was estimated using Level 3 inputs based on appraisals obtained from third parties.

Loans held-for-sale

The fair value of our loans held-for-sale is based upon estimates using Level 2 inputs. These inputs are based upon pricing information obtained from secondary markets and brokers and applied to loans with similar interest rates and maturities.

Impaired loans

We evaluate and value impaired loans at the time the loan is identified as impaired, and the fair values of such loans are estimated using Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. Each loan’s collateral has a unique appraisal and management’s discount of the value is based on the factors unique to each impaired loan. The significant unobservable input in determining the fair value is management’s subjective discount on appraisals of the collateral securing the loan, which range from 10%—50%. Collateral may consist of real estate and/or business assets including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable and the value of these assets is determined based on the appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers hired by us. Appraised and reported values may be discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, estimated costs to sell, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and the client’s business.

Impaired loans, which are measured for impairment by either calculating the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or determining the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans has a gross amount of $37.1 million and $37.7 million at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The valuation allowance on impaired loans was $2.1 million as of June 30, 2016 and $2.6 million as of December 31, 2015.

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The reported fair values of financial instruments are based on a variety of factors. In certain cases, fair values represent quoted market prices for identical or comparable instruments. In other cases, fair values have been estimated based on assumptions regarding the amount and timing of estimated future cash flows that are discounted to reflect current market rates and varying degrees of risk. Accordingly, the fair values may not represent actual values of the financial instruments that could have been realized as of period-end or that will be realized in the future.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value:

Cash and cash equivalents

For cash and short-term investment securities, including due from banks, federal funds sold or purchased under agreements to resell and interest-bearing deposits with other banks, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

Investment securities

Fair value is estimated using quoted prices for similar securities, which we obtain from a third party vendor. We utilize one of the largest providers of securities pricing to the industry and management periodically assesses the inputs used by this vendor to price the various types of securities owned by us to validate the vendor’s methodology.

Loans held-for sale

Loans held-for- sale are carried at their fair value (see discussion earlier in the note).

Loans

Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type: commercial, commercial mortgages, construction, residential mortgages and consumer. For loans that reprice frequently, the book value approximates fair value. The fair values of other types of loans are estimated by discounting expected cash flows using the current rates at which similar loans would be made to borrowers with comparable credit ratings and for similar remaining maturities. The fair value of nonperforming loans is based on recent external appraisals of the underlying collateral. Estimated cash flows, discounted using a rate commensurate with current rates and the risk associated with the estimated cash flows, are utilized if appraisals are not available. This technique does not contemplate an exit price.

Reverse mortgage loans

The fair value of our investment in reverse mortgages is based on the net present value of estimated cash flows, which have been updated to reflect recent external appraisals of the underlying collateral. For additional information on reverse mortgage loans, see Note 7, Reverse Mortgage Loans, to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

Stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) of Pittsburgh

The fair value of FHLB stock is assumed to be equal to its cost basis, since the stock is non-marketable but redeemable at its par value.

Other assets

Other assets includes other real estate owned (see discussion earlier in this note) and our investment in Visa Class B stock. Our ownership includes shares acquired at no cost from our prior participation in Visa’s network, while Visa operated as a cooperative. During 2015 and 2016 we purchased additional shares which are accounted for as non-marketable equity securities and carried at cost. We evaluated the shares carried at cost for OTTI as of June 30, 2016, and the evaluation showed no OTTI as of June 30, 2016. Following resolution of Visa’s covered litigation, shares of Visa’s Class B stock will be converted to Visa Class A shares.

While only current owners of Class B shares are allowed to purchase other Class B shares, there have been several transactions between Class B shareholders. Based on these transactions we estimate the value of our Class B shares to be $11.8 million as of June 30, 2016.

Deposits

The fair value deposits with no stated maturity, such as noninterest-bearing demand deposits, money market and interest-bearing demand deposits, is assumed to be equal to the amount payable on demand. The fair value of time deposits is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using rates currently offered for deposits with comparable remaining maturities.

Borrowed funds

Rates currently available to us for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities are used to estimate fair value of existing debt.

Off-balance sheet instruments

The fair value of off-balance sheet instruments, including commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit, approximates the recorded net deferred fee amounts, which are not significant. Because commitments to extend credit and letters of credit are generally not assignable by either us or the borrower, they only have value to us and the borrower.

The book value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments are as follows:

(In Thousands)

Fair Value

June 30, 2016

December 31, 2015

Measurement

Book Value

Fair Value

Book Value

Fair Value

Financial assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Level 1

703,893

561,179

Investment securities available-for-sale

Level 2

766,459

721,029

Investment securities held-to-maturity

Level 2

166,398

173,032

165,862

167,743

Loans, held-for-sale

Level 2

32,625

41,807

Loans, net⁽¹⁾

Level 2

3,766,281

3,752,905

3,693,964

3,637,714

Impaired loans, net

Level 3

34,959

35,086

Reverse mortgage loans

Level 3

25,263

24,284

Stock in FHLB of Pittsburgh

Level 2

37,939

30,519

Accrued interest receivable

Level 2

14,164

14,040

Other assets

Level 3

7,455

15,268

8,669

18,416

Financial liabilities:

Deposits

Level 2

3,992,139

3,842,770

4,016,566

3,791,606

Borrowed funds

Level 2

1,168,802

1,172,972

932,886

933,905

Standby letters of credit

Level 3

264

195

Accrued interest payable

Level 2

2,073

801

⁽¹⁾	Excludes impaired loans, net.

At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 we had no commitments to extend credit measured at fair value.