Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Note 14. Fair Value Measurements

Currently, the COVID-19 pandemic has created uncertainties surrounding the global economy and financial markets. As a result, the full magnitude of the pandemic and the ultimate effect upon the future of our fair value measurements are uncertain at this time. Any changes in fair value for financial instruments marked to fair value will have a direct impact to our financial statements, except for net changes in our investments held in grantor trust and its related obligations. Additionally, changes in fair values for financial instruments not marked to fair value will not have an impact to our financial statements unless plans change to sell or settle the instrument prior to its maturity.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements:

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy in which those measurements fall, are as follows (in thousands):


	Quoted Prices
	in Active
	Markets for		Significant
	Identical		Other		Significant
	Assets		Observable		Unobservable		Fair Value at
	and Liabilities		Inputs		Inputs		March 31,
	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		2020
Assets:
Cash equivalents, primarily money market funds ⁽¹⁾	$	473,502					$	473,502
Restricted cash, primarily money market funds ⁽¹⁾		9,096						9,096
Investments, mutual funds held in a grantor trust ⁽¹⁾		32,358						32,358
Total	$	514,956	$	—	$	—	$	514,956
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation plan obligations	$	32,358					$	32,358
Total	$	32,358	$	—	$	—	$	32,358

________________________________________

(1)	For the three months ended March 31, 2020, a net loss of $6.0 million was included in Interest and Other (Expense) Income, net, of which $6.3 million represented an unrealized loss.


	Quoted Prices
	in Active
	Markets for		Significant
	Identical		Other		Significant
	Assets		Observable		Unobservable		Fair Value at
	and Liabilities		Inputs		Inputs		December 31,
	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		2019
Assets:
Cash equivalents, primarily money market funds ⁽¹⁾	$	28,330					$	28,330
Restricted cash, primarily money market funds ⁽¹⁾		9,916						9,916
Investments, mutual funds held in a grantor trust ⁽¹⁾		38,378						38,378
Total	$	76,624	$	—	$	—	$	76,624
Liabilities:
Deferred compensation plan obligations	$	38,378					$	38,378
Total	$	38,378	$	—	$	—	$	38,378

________________________________________

(1)

For the year ended December 31, 2019, a net gain of $9.4 million was included in Interest and Other Income, net, of which $6.7 million represented an unrealized gain. Included in these amounts for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was a net gain of $3.5 million, of which $3.0 million was an unrealized gain.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements:

Investment in Real Estate Joint Ventures and Partnerships Impairments

Estimated fair values are determined by management utilizing the performance of each investment, the life and other terms of the investment, holding periods, market conditions, cash flow models, market capitalization rates and market discount rates, or by obtaining third-party broker valuation estimates, appraisals, bona fide purchase offers or the expected sales price of an executed sales agreement in accordance with our fair value measurements accounting policy. Market capitalization rates and market discount rates are determined by reviewing current sales of similar properties and transactions, and utilizing management’s knowledge and expertise in property marketing.

No assets were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at March 31, 2020. Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2019 aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy in which those measurements fall, are as follows (in thousands):


	Quoted Prices in
	Active Markets for		Significant
	Identical		Other		Significant
	Assets		Observable		Unobservable
	and Liabilities		Inputs		Inputs				Total Gains
	(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Fair Value		(Losses) ⁽¹⁾
Investment in real estate joint ventures and partnerships⁽²⁾			$	1,830	$	24,154	$	25,984	$	(3,070)
Total	$	—	$	1,830	$	24,154	$	25,984	$	(3,070)

(1)	Total gains (losses) presented in this table relate to assets that were held by us at December 31, 2019.

(2)

In accordance with our policy of evaluating and recording impairments on the disposal of investments in real estate joint ventures and partnerships, investments with a carrying amount of $29.1 million were written down to a fair value of $26.0 million, resulting in a loss of $3.1 million, which was included in earnings for the fourth quarter of 2019. Management’s estimate of fair value of these investments were determined using a bona fide purchase offer for the Level 2 inputs, and see the quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for our Level 3 fair value measurements in the table below.

Fair Value Disclosures:

Unless otherwise described below, short-term financial instruments and receivables are carried at amounts which approximate their fair values based on their highly-liquid nature, short-term maturities and/or expected interest rates for similar instruments.

Schedule of our fair value disclosures is as follows (in thousands):

March 31, 2020

December 31, 2019

Fair Value

Using

Fair Value

Using

Fair Value

Significant

Using

Significant

Using

Other

Significant

Other

Significant

Observable

Unobservable

Observable

Unobservable

Carrying

Inputs

Carrying

Inputs

Value

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Value

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

Other Assets:

Tax increment revenue bonds ⁽¹⁾

17,277

21,000

17,277

25,000

Debt:

Fixed-rate debt

1,732,193

1,760,926

1,714,890

1,787,663

Variable-rate debt

497,000

17,448

17,426

(1)	At December 31, 2019, prior to the adoption of ASC 326, the amortized cost basis was net of a previously recognized other-than-temporary impairment on our tax increment revenue bonds of $31.0 million.

The quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used for our nonrecurring Level 3 fair value measurements as of December 31, 2019 reported in the above table, is as follows:


	Fair Value at
	December 31,				Range
	2019				Minimum		Maximum
Description	(in thousands)		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	2019		2019
Investment in real estate joint ventures and partnerships	$	24,154	Discounted cash flows	Discount rate	7.3	%	7.5	%
				Capitalization rate	5.8	%	8.0	%
				Noncontrolling interest discount			15.0	%

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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