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Share Options And Awards
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Share Options And Awards
Share Options and Awards
In April 2011, our Long-Term Incentive Plan for the issuance of options and share awards expired, and issued options of 3.4 million remain outstanding as of December 31, 2012.
In May 2010, our shareholders approved the adoption of the Amended and Restated 2010 Long-Term Incentive Plan, under which 3.0 million of our common shares were reserved for issuance, and options and share awards of 1.9 million are available for future grant at December 31, 2012. This plan expires in May 2020.
Compensation expense, net of forfeitures, associated with share options and restricted shares totaled $9.7 million in 2012, $6.4 million in 2011 and $4.9 million in 2010, of which $2.0 million in 2012, $1.5 million in 2011 and $1.2 million in 2010 was capitalized. The significant year over year change in expense is primarily due to an increased number of employees who became retirement eligible, requiring the related expense to be recognized immediately.
Options
The fair value of share options issued prior to 2012 was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing method based on the expected weighted average assumptions in the following table. The fair value and weighted average assumptions were as follows:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
Fair value per share option
$
5.68

 
$
5.42

Dividend yield
5.3
%
 
5.3
%
Expected volatility
39.6
%
 
38.8
%
Expected life (in years)
6.2

 
6.2

Risk-free interest rate
2.4
%
 
2.9
%

Following is a summary of the option activity for the three years ended December 31, 2012:
 
Shares
Under
Option
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Outstanding, January 1, 2010
4,436,143

 
$
27.44

Granted
504,781

 
22.68

Forfeited or expired
(22,973
)
 
21.29

Exercised
(303,679
)
 
17.32

Outstanding, December 31, 2010
4,614,272

 
27.62

Granted
483,459

 
24.87

Forfeited or expired
(230,232
)
 
22.81

Exercised
(259,796
)
 
18.34

Outstanding, December 31, 2011
4,607,703

 
28.09

Forfeited or expired
(40,390
)
 
27.12

Exercised
(481,611
)
 
20.70

Outstanding, December 31, 2012
4,085,702

 
$
28.98


The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $3.0 million in 2012, $1.9 million in 2011 and $1.8 million in 2010. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, there was approximately $2.2 million and $3.8 million, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share options, which is expected to be amortized over a weighted average of 1.6 years and 2.4 years, respectively.
The following table summarizes information about share options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2012:
Range of
Exercise Prices
 
Outstanding
 
Exercisable
 
Number
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(000’s)
 
Number
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(000’s)
$11.85 - $17.78  
 
809,936

 
6.2 years
 
$
11.85

 
 
 
528,039

 
$
11.85

 
6.2 years
 
 
$17.79 - $26.69  
 
921,177

 
7.8 years
 
$
23.76

 
 
 
307,792

 
$
23.40

 
7.7 years
 
 
$26.70 - $40.05  
 
1,883,893

 
3.2 years
 
$
34.27

 
 
 
1,755,080

 
$
34.42

 
3.1 years
 
 
$40.06 - $49.62  
 
470,696

 
3.9 years
 
$
47.46

 
 
 
470,696

 
$
47.46

 
3.9 years
 
 
Total
 
4,085,702

 
4.9 years
 
$
28.98

 
$

 
3,061,607

 
$
31.42

 
4.2 years
 
$


Restricted Shares
The fair value of the market-based share awards was estimated on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo valuation model based on the following assumptions:
 
Year Ended December 31, 2012
 
Minimum
 
Maximum
Dividend yield
0.0
%
 
4.4
%
Expected volatility
27.7
%
 
51.6
%
Expected life (in years)
NA

 
3

Risk-free interest rate
0.1
%
 
0.4
%

A summary of the status of unvested restricted shares for the year ended December 31, 2012 is as follows:
 
Unvested
Restricted
Share
Awards
 
Weighted
Average 
Grant
Date Fair 
Value
Outstanding, January 1, 2012
407,328

 
$
20.43

Granted:
 
 
 
Service-based awards
132,923

 
24.95

Market-based awards relative to FTSE NAREIT U.S. Shopping Center
Index
57,650

 
26.45

Market-based awards relative to three-year absolute TSR
57,650

 
27.65

Trust manager awards
28,263

 
27.19

Vested
(173,237
)
 
21.62

Forfeited
(14,006
)
 
22.22

Outstanding, December 31, 2012
496,571

 
$
23.10


As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, there was approximately $4.7 million and $5.0 million, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested restricted shares, which is expected to be amortized over a weighted average of 1.9 years and 2.3 years, respectively.