-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, NjCQT+Gq3V3LWluCp573+Uxe5gtJTVGT+Gy0VWsMnhUzw7vuOoGeWitDX6/wVzt0 iUANF2HMDEjcSOOF/ccigA== 0000950129-08-004117.txt : 20080729 0000950129-08-004117.hdr.sgml : 20080729 20080729111321 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950129-08-004117 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-Q PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 6 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20080630 FILED AS OF DATE: 20080729 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20080729 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: WASTE MANAGEMENT INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000823768 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: REFUSE SYSTEMS [4953] IRS NUMBER: 731309529 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-Q SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-12154 FILM NUMBER: 08974711 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1001 FANNIN STREET STREET 2: STE 4000 CITY: HOUSTON STATE: TX ZIP: 77002 BUSINESS PHONE: 7135126200 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 1001 FANNIN STREET STREET 2: SUITE 4000 CITY: HOUSTON STATE: TX ZIP: 77002 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: USA WASTE SERVICES INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920703 10-Q 1 h58781e10vq.htm FORM 10-Q - QUARTERLY REPORT e10vq
Table of Contents

 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
Form 10-Q
 
 
     
(Mark One)    
 
þ
  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2008
OR
o
  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
    For the transition period from          to          
 
Commission file number 1-12154
 
Waste Management, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
     
Delaware
  73-1309529
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
1001 Fannin
Suite 4000
Houston, Texas 77002
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(713) 512-6200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
             
Large accelerated filer þ
  Accelerated filer o   Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  Smaller reporting company o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o     No þ
 
The number of shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, of the registrant outstanding at July 23, 2008 was 490,462,991 (excluding treasury shares of 139,819,470).
 


TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I.
Item 1. Financial Statements.
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
PART II.
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
Item 6. Exhibits.
Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
Certification Pursuant to Rule 15d-14(a) by David P. Steiner, CEO
Certification Pursuant to Rule 15d-14(a) by Robert G. Simpson, SVP & CFO
Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 by David P. Steiner, CEO
Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 by Robert G. Simpson, SVP & CFO


Table of Contents

 
PART I.
 
Item 1.   Financial Statements.
 
WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Millions, Except Share and Par Value Amounts)
 
                 
    June 30,
    December 31,
 
    2008     2007  
    (Unaudited)        
 
ASSETS
Current assets:
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 210     $ 348  
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $40 and $46, respectively
    1,685       1,674  
Other receivables
    219       218  
Parts and supplies
    111       103  
Deferred income taxes
    43       51  
Other assets
    142       86  
                 
Total current assets
    2,410       2,480  
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $13,126 and $12,844, respectively
    11,300       11,351  
Goodwill
    5,444       5,406  
Other intangible assets, net
    128       124  
Other assets
    768       814  
                 
Total assets
  $ 20,050     $ 20,175  
                 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 600     $ 656  
Accrued liabilities
    1,076       1,151  
Deferred revenues
    469       462  
Current portion of long-term debt
    435       329  
                 
Total current liabilities
    2,580       2,598  
Long-term debt, less current portion
    7,958       8,008  
Deferred income taxes
    1,436       1,411  
Landfill and environmental remediation liabilities
    1,343       1,312  
Other liabilities
    709       744  
                 
Total liabilities
    14,026       14,073  
                 
Minority interest in subsidiaries and variable interest entities
    302       310  
                 
Commitments and contingencies
               
Stockholders’ equity:
               
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 1,500,000,000 shares authorized; 630,282,461 shares issued
    6       6  
Additional paid-in capital
    4,537       4,542  
Retained earnings
    5,371       5,080  
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    206       229  
Treasury stock at cost, 140,118,710 and 130,163,692 shares, respectively
    (4,398 )     (4,065 )
                 
Total stockholders’ equity
    5,722       5,792  
                 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 20,050     $ 20,175  
                 
 
See notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
 
                                 
    Three Months
    Six Months
 
    Ended
    Ended
 
    June 30,     June 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
 
Operating revenues
  $ 3,489     $ 3,358     $ 6,755     $ 6,546  
                                 
Costs and expenses:
                               
Operating
    2,181       2,092       4,273       4,126  
Selling, general and administrative
    358       343       726       696  
Depreciation and amortization
    318       322       615       632  
Restructuring
          1             10  
(Income) expense from divestitures, asset impairments and unusual items
          (33 )     (2 )     (32 )
                                 
      2,857       2,725       5,612       5,432  
                                 
Income from operations
    632       633       1,143       1,114  
                                 
Other income (expense):
                               
Interest expense
    (105 )     (132 )     (227 )     (267 )
Interest income
    4       11       9       29  
Equity in net earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities
    (2 )     (22 )     (4 )     (46 )
Minority interest
    (13 )     (11 )     (20 )     (21 )
Other, net
    1       1       1       2  
                                 
      (115 )     (153 )     (241 )     (303 )
                                 
Income before income taxes
    517       480       902       811  
Provision for income taxes
    199       142       343       235  
                                 
Net income
  $ 318     $ 338     $ 559     $ 576  
                                 
Basic earnings per common share
  $ 0.65     $ 0.65     $ 1.13     $ 1.10  
                                 
Diluted earnings per common share
  $ 0.64     $ 0.64     $ 1.13     $ 1.09  
                                 
Cash dividends declared per common share
  $ 0.27     $ 0.24     $ 0.54     $ 0.48  
                                 
 
See notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In Millions)
(Unaudited)
 
                 
    Six Months
 
    Ended
 
    June 30,  
    2008     2007  
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
               
Net income
  $ 559     $ 576  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Provision for bad debts
    19       16  
Depreciation and amortization
    615       632  
Deferred income tax provision
    45       (38 )
Minority interest
    20       21  
Equity in net (earnings) losses of unconsolidated entities, net of distributions
    1       21  
Net gain on disposal of assets
    (21 )     (16 )
Effect of (income) expense from divestitures, asset impairments and unusual items
    (2 )     (32 )
Excess tax benefits associated with equity-based transactions
    (7 )     (20 )
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestitures:
               
Receivables
    (29 )     5  
Other current assets
    (27 )     (19 )
Other assets
    5       7  
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
    (39 )     (48 )
Deferred revenues and other liabilities
    (8 )     (30 )
                 
Net cash provided by operating activities
    1,131       1,075  
                 
Cash flows from investing activities:
               
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired
    (127 )     (46 )
Capital expenditures
    (486 )     (481 )
Proceeds from divestitures of businesses (net of cash divested) and other sales of assets
    38       216  
Purchases of short-term investments
          (743 )
Proceeds from sales of short-term investments
          803  
Net receipts from restricted trust and escrow accounts
    91       81  
Other
    (15 )     (14 )
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (499 )     (184 )
                 
Cash flows from financing activities:
               
New borrowings
    971       315  
Debt repayments
    (1,001 )     (452 )
Common stock repurchases
    (401 )     (683 )
Cash dividends
    (266 )     (251 )
Exercise of common stock options and warrants
    32       111  
Excess tax benefits associated with equity-based transactions
    7       20  
Minority interest distributions paid
    (25 )     (12 )
Other
    (88 )     15  
                 
Net cash used in financing activities
    (771 )     (937 )
                 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
    1       2  
                 
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents
    (138 )     (44 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    348       614  
                 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 210     $ 570  
                 
 
See notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In Millions, Except Shares in Thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
                                                         
                            Accumulated
             
                            Other
             
                Additional
          Comprehensive
             
    Common Stock     Paid-In
    Retained
    Income
    Treasury Stock  
    Shares     Amounts     Capital     Earnings     (Loss)     Shares     Amounts  
 
Balance, December 31, 2006
    630,282     $ 6     $ 4,513     $ 4,410     $ 129       (96,599 )   $ (2,836 )
Net income
                      1,163                    
Cash dividends declared
                      (495 )                  
Equity-based compensation transactions, including dividend equivalents, net of taxes
                30       (2 )           6,067       182  
Common stock repurchases
                                  (39,946 )     (1,421 )
Unrealized losses resulting from changes in fair values of derivative instruments, net of taxes of $22
                            (34 )            
Realized losses on derivative instruments reclassified into earnings, net of taxes of $30
                            47              
Unrealized losses on marketable securities, net of taxes of $3
                            (5 )            
Translation adjustment of foreign currency statements
                            89              
Change in funded status of defined benefit plan liabilities, net of taxes of $3
                            3              
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle
                      4                    
Other
                (1 )                 314       10  
                                                         
Balance, December 31, 2007
    630,282     $ 6     $ 4,542     $ 5,080     $ 229       (130,164 )   $ (4,065 )
Net income
                      559                    
Cash dividends declared
                      (266 )                  
Equity-based compensation transactions, net of taxes
                (5 )     (2 )           2,225       70  
Common stock repurchases
                                  (12,185 )     (403 )
Unrealized losses resulting from changes in fair values of derivative instruments, net of taxes of $2
                            (3 )            
Realized gains on derivative instruments reclassified into earnings, net of taxes of $0
                            (1 )            
Unrealized losses on marketable securities, net of taxes of $1
                            (2 )            
Translation adjustment of foreign currency statements
                            (17 )            
Other
                                  5        
                                                         
Balance, June 30, 2008
    630,282     $ 6     $ 4,537     $ 5,371     $ 206       (140,119 )   $ (4,398 )
                                                         
 
See notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
 
1.   Basis of Presentation
 
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements presented in this report include the accounts of Waste Management, Inc., a Delaware corporation, our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries and certain variable interest entities for which we have determined that we are the primary beneficiary. Waste Management, Inc. is a holding company and all operations are conducted by subsidiaries. When the terms “the Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” are used in this document, those terms refer to Waste Management, Inc., its consolidated subsidiaries and consolidated variable interest entities. When we use the term “WMI,” we are referring only to the parent holding company.
 
WMI was incorporated in Oklahoma in 1987 under the name “USA Waste Services, Inc.” and was reincorporated as a Delaware company in 1995. In a 1998 merger, the Illinois-based waste services company formerly known as Waste Management, Inc. became a wholly-owned subsidiary of WMI and changed its name to Waste Management Holdings, Inc. (“WM Holdings”). At the same time, our parent holding company changed its name from USA Waste Services to Waste Management, Inc. Like WMI, WM Holdings is a holding company and all operations are conducted by subsidiaries. For detail on the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of WMI, WM Holdings and their subsidiaries, see Note 12.
 
We manage and evaluate our principal operations through six operating Groups, of which four are organized by geographic area and two are organized by function. The geographic Groups include our Eastern, Midwest, Southern and Western Groups, and the two functional Groups are our Wheelabrator Group, which provides waste-to-energy services, and our WM Recycle America, or WMRA, Group. We also provide additional waste management services that are not managed through our six Groups, which are presented in this report as “Other.” Refer to Note 9 for additional information related to our segments.
 
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are unaudited. In the opinion of management, these financial statements include all adjustments, which, unless otherwise disclosed, are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year. The financial statements presented herein should be read in connection with the financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
 
In preparing our financial statements, we make numerous estimates and assumptions that affect the accounting for and recognition and disclosure of assets, liabilities, stockholders’ equity, revenues and expenses. We must make these estimates and assumptions because certain information that we use is dependent on future events, cannot be calculated with a high degree of precision from data available or simply cannot be readily calculated based on generally accepted methodologies. In some cases, these estimates are particularly difficult to determine and we must exercise significant judgment. In preparing our financial statements, the most difficult, subjective and complex estimates and the assumptions that deal with the greatest amount of uncertainty relate to our accounting for landfills, environmental remediation liabilities, asset impairments, and self-insurance reserves and recoveries. Actual results could differ materially from the estimates and assumptions that we use in the preparation of our financial statements.
 
Accounting Change — In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Effective January 1, 2008, we adopted SFAS No. 157 for assets and liabilities recognized at fair value on a recurring basis. Our adoption of SFAS No. 157 during the first quarter of 2008 resulted in the recognition of a $6 million charge to operating expenses and a corresponding $3 million credit to minority interest expense for the re-measurement of the fair value of environmental remediation recovery assets accounted for in accordance with Statement of Position No. 96-1, Environmental Remediation Liabilities. The


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
adoption of SFAS No. 157 did not materially affect our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Refer to Note 11 for information about our fair value measurements.
 
Reclassification of Segment Information — In the second quarter of 2008, we realigned our Midwest and Western Group organizations to facilitate improved business execution. We moved certain Canadian business operations in the Western Group to the Midwest Group. We have reflected the impact of this realignment for all periods presented to provide financial information that consistently reflects our current approach to managing our operations. Refer to Note 9 for information about our reportable segments.
 
2.   Landfill and Environmental Remediation Liabilities
 
Liabilities for landfill and environmental remediation costs are presented in the table below (in millions):
 
                                                 
    June 30, 2008     December 31, 2007  
          Environmental
                Environmental
       
    Landfill     Remediation     Total     Landfill     Remediation     Total  
 
Current (in accrued liabilities)
  $ 101     $ 43     $ 144     $ 106     $ 44     $ 150  
Long-term
    1,109       234       1,343       1,072       240       1,312  
                                                 
    $ 1,210     $ 277     $ 1,487     $ 1,178     $ 284     $ 1,462  
                                                 
 
The changes to landfill and environmental remediation liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2007 and the six months ended June 30, 2008 are reflected in the table below (in millions):
 
                 
          Environmental
 
    Landfill     Remediation  
 
December 31, 2006
  $ 1,121     $ 268  
Obligations incurred and capitalized
    54        
Obligations settled
    (64 )     (33 )
Interest accretion
    74       9  
Revisions in estimates
    (13 )     35  
Acquisitions, divestitures and other adjustments
    6       5  
                 
December 31, 2007
    1,178       284  
Obligations incurred and capitalized
    26        
Obligations settled
    (24 )     (17 )
Interest accretion
    37       4  
Revisions in estimates
    (7 )     7  
Acquisitions, divestitures and other adjustments
          (1 )
                 
June 30, 2008
  $ 1,210     $ 277  
                 
 
At several of our landfills, we provide financial assurance by depositing cash into restricted trust funds or escrow accounts for purposes of settling closure, post-closure and environmental remediation obligations. The fair value of these escrow accounts and trust funds was $223 million at June 30, 2008, and is primarily included as long-term “Other assets” in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
3.   Debt
 
Debt
 
The following table summarizes the major components of debt at each balance sheet date (in millions):
 
                 
    June 30,
    December 31,
 
    2008     2007  
 
Revolving credit facility (weighted average interest rate of 5.4% at December 31, 2007)
  $     $ 300  
Letter of credit facilities
           
Canadian credit facility (weighted average interest rate of 4.0% at June 30, 2008 and 5.3% at December 31, 2007)
    290       336  
Senior notes and debentures, maturing through 2032, interest rates ranging from 5.0% to 7.75% (weighted average interest rate of 6.8% at June 30, 2008 and 7.0% at December 31, 2007)
    4,919       4,584  
Tax-exempt bonds maturing through 2039, fixed and variable interest rates ranging from 1.5% to 7.4% (weighted average interest rate of 3.8% at June 30, 2008 and 4.4% at December 31, 2007)
    2,607       2,533  
Tax-exempt project bonds, principal payable in periodic installments, maturing through 2027, fixed and variable interest rates ranging from 1.3% to 9.3% (weighted average interest rate of 5.0% at June 30, 2008 and 5.3% at December 31, 2007)
    288       290  
Capital leases and other, maturing through 2031, interest rates up to 12%
    289       294  
                 
Total long-term debt
    8,393       8,337  
Current portion of long-term debt
    435       329  
                 
Long-term debt, less current portion
  $ 7,958     $ 8,008  
                 
 
We have $1.4 billion of scheduled debt maturities during the next twelve months. We have classified $951 million of these borrowings as long-term as of June 30, 2008 based on our intent and ability to refinance these borrowings on a long-term basis.
 
The significant changes in our debt balances from December 31, 2007 to June 30, 2008 are related to the following:
 
  •  Revolving credit facility — We repaid $50 million of the outstanding borrowings with available cash and repaid the remaining $250 million of outstanding borrowings with proceeds from the issuance of senior notes as discussed below.
 
  •  Canadian credit facility — Approximately $374 million of advances matured, of which $47 million were repaid with available cash and the remaining $327 million were renewed under the terms of the credit facility. As of December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2008, $281 million and $271 million, respectively, of these advances were classified as long-term based on our intent and ability to refinance the obligations on a long-term basis under the terms of the facility.
 
  •  Senior notes — We issued $600 million of 6.1% senior notes due March 15, 2018. The net proceeds from the debt issuance were $594 million. A portion of the proceeds from this offering was used to repay $250 million of outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility. In addition, we used proceeds from this offering to repay $244 million of 8.75% senior notes that would have matured in 2018. We repaid these notes in May 2008, recognizing a net credit to interest expense of approximately $10 million for the immediate recognition of fair value adjustments associated with terminated interest rate swaps that had been deferred and were being amortized over the life of the debt.


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
 
In connection with our issuance of the senior notes, we executed interest rate swap contracts with a total notional value of $200 million. We designated these fixed-to-floating interest rate swap agreements as fair value hedges, resulting in all fair value adjustments being reflected as a component of the carrying value of the underlying debt. For information related to the fair value of our interest rate derivatives, refer to Note 11.
 
We have $386 million of 6.5% senior notes that mature in November 2008. As of December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2008, $310 million and $386 million, respectively, of these notes was classified as long-term based on our intent and ability to refinance the obligation on a long-term basis. In addition, we have $500 million of 6.875% senior notes that mature in May 2009. As of June 30, 2008, $294 million of these notes was classified as long-term based on our intent and ability to refinance the obligation on a long-term basis. Although we intend to refinance both of these obligations on a long-term basis, our classification of the borrowings as long-term as of December 31, 2007 and June 30, 2008 was limited by the available capacity of our $2.4 billion revolving credit facility at each balance sheet date.
 
  •  Tax-exempt bonds — We issued $79 million of tax-exempt bonds during the six months ended June 30, 2008. The proceeds from the issuance of the bonds were deposited directly into a trust fund and may only be used for the specific purpose for which the money was raised, which is generally to finance expenditures for landfill construction and development, equipment, vehicles and facilities in support of our operations. Accordingly, the restricted funds provided by these financing activities have not been included in “New Borrowings” in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, $5 million of our tax-exempt bonds were repaid with available cash or restricted tax-exempt bond funds.
 
4.   Income Taxes
 
Our effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 were 38.4% and 38.0%, respectively, compared with 29.7% and 29.0% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, respectively. The difference between federal income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate and reported income taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 is primarily due to the unfavorable impact of state and local income taxes, which was offset, in part, by the favorable impacts of tax audit settlements and the true-up of our 2007 non-conventional fuel tax credits.
 
The difference between federal income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate and reported income taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 is primarily due to the effects of the favorable impact of non-conventional fuel tax credits and tax audit settlements, discussed below, which were partially offset by the unfavorable impact of state and local income taxes and nondeductible goodwill associated with divestitures. In addition, during the second quarter of 2007, we recognized tax benefits related to scheduled tax rate reductions in Canada and an $8 million benefit from state tax credits, both of which resulted in the revaluation of our related deferred tax balances.
 
We evaluate our effective tax rate at each interim period and adjust it accordingly as facts and circumstances warrant.
 
Tax audit settlements — The settlement of tax audits during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, resulted in reductions in our provision for income taxes of $7 million and $13 million, respectively. The settlement of tax audits during the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, resulted in reductions in our provision for income taxes of $11 million and $27 million, respectively.
 
Non-conventional fuel tax credits — The favorable impact of non-conventional fuel tax credits on our 2007 effective tax rate was derived from our investments in two coal-based, synthetic fuel production facilities and our landfill gas-to-energy projects. The fuel generated from the facilities and our landfill gas-to-energy projects qualified for tax credits through 2007 pursuant to Section 45K of the Internal Revenue Code. Our recorded taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 included benefits of $29 million and $58 million, respectively, from Section 45K tax credits.
 
Our effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007 reflected our expectations for the phase-out of 29% of Section 45K tax credits generated during 2007. As of December 31, 2007, our estimate of the 2007


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
phase-out rate had increased to 69%. In April 2008, the IRS published the phase-out percentage that must be applied to Section 45K tax credits generated in 2007, which was 67.2%. Our provision for income taxes for the first quarter of 2008 includes an adjustment of our 2007 year-end estimate to the final 2007 phase-out, which resulted in the recognition of a $3 million benefit.
 
The tax credits generated by our investments in the synthetic fuel production facilities are offset, in part, by the recognition of our pro-rata share of the facilities’ losses, which are recognized as “Equity in net losses of unconsolidated entities.” The following table summarizes the impact of our investments in the Facilities on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in millions) for the periods presented:
 
                                 
    Three Months
    Six Months
 
    Ended
    Ended
 
    June 30,     June 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
 
Equity in net losses of unconsolidated entities
  $ (1 )   $ (24 )   $ (3 )   $ (51 )
Benefit from income taxes
    1       31       4       64  
                                 
Net income
  $     $ 7     $ 1     $ 13  
                                 
 
The significant decline in the equity losses and associated tax benefits of the Facilities in 2008 as compared with the prior year is due to the expiration of our investments and Section 45K tax credits at the end of 2007.
 
Canada statutory rate change — During the second quarter of 2007, the Canadian federal government enacted tax rate reductions. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, requires that deferred tax balances be revalued to reflect the tax rate changes. The revaluations resulted in a $3 million tax benefit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007.
 
5.   Comprehensive Income
 
Comprehensive income was as follows (in millions):
 
                                 
    Three Months Ended
    Six Months Ended
 
    June 30,     June 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
 
Net income
  $ 318     $ 338     $ 559     $ 576  
                                 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                               
Unrealized gains (losses) resulting from changes in fair values of derivative instruments, net of taxes
    (9 )     (18 )     (3 )     (22 )
Realized (gains) losses on derivative instruments reclassified into earnings, net of taxes
    4       22       (1 )     25  
Unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, net of taxes
    (1 )           (2 )      
Translation adjustment of foreign currency statements
    5       43       (17 )     48  
                                 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
    (1 )     47       (23 )     51  
                                 
Comprehensive income
  $ 317     $ 385     $ 536     $ 627  
                                 


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
The components of accumulated other comprehensive income were as follows (in millions):
 
                 
    June 30,
    December 31,
 
    2008     2007  
 
Accumulated unrealized loss on derivative instruments, net of tax benefit
  $ (24 )   $ (20 )
Accumulated unrealized gain on marketable securities, net of taxes
    3       5  
Cumulative translation adjustment of foreign currency statements
    223       240  
Underfunded post-retirement benefit obligations, net of taxes
    4       4  
                 
    $ 206     $ 229  
                 
 
6.   Earnings Per Share
 
Basic and diluted earnings per common share were computed using the following common share data (shares in millions):
 
                                 
    Three Months
    Six Months
 
    Ended
    Ended
 
    June 30,     June 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
 
Number of common shares outstanding at end of period
    490.2       518.9       490.2       518.9  
Effect of using weighted average common shares outstanding
    0.5       0.1       3.1       5.3  
                                 
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding
    490.7       519.0       493.3       524.2  
Dilutive effect of equity-based compensation awards, warrants and other contingently issuable shares
    3.9       4.9       3.3       4.9  
                                 
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding
    494.6       523.9       496.6       529.1  
                                 
Potentially issuable shares
    16.5       20.2       16.5       20.2  
Number of anti-dilutive potentially issuable shares excluded from diluted common shares outstanding
    1.9       2.8       1.9       3.1  
 
7.   Commitments and Contingencies
 
Financial instruments — We use letters of credit, performance bonds and insurance policies as well as trust funds and financial guarantees for our financial assurance needs, which include supporting tax-exempt bonds, contracts, performance of landfill closure and post-closure requirements, environmental remediation and other obligations. Letters of credit generally are supported by our revolving credit facility and other credit facilities established for that purpose. We obtain surety bonds and insurance policies from an entity in which we have a non-controlling financial interest and obtain insurance from a wholly-owned insurance company, the sole business of which is to issue policies for us. In those instances where our use of captive insurance is not allowed, we generally have available alternative bonding mechanisms.
 
Management does not expect that any claims against or draws on these instruments would have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements and we have not experienced any unmanageable difficulty in obtaining the required financial assurance instruments for our current operations.
 
Insurance — We carry insurance coverage for protection of our assets and operations from certain risks we believe are customary to the industry. Our exposure to loss for insurance claims is generally limited to the per incident deductible under the related insurance policy. We have retained a portion of the risks related to our automobile, general liability and workers’ compensation insurance programs. For our self-insured retentions, the exposure for unpaid claims and associated expenses, including incurred but not reported losses, is based on an actuarial valuation and internal estimates. The estimated accruals for these liabilities could be affected if future occurrences or loss development significantly differ from the assumptions used. We do not expect the impact of any


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
known casualty, property, environmental or other contingency to have a material impact on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
Guarantees — In the ordinary course of our business, WMI and WM Holdings enter into guarantee agreements associated with their subsidiaries’ operations. Additionally, WMI and WM Holdings have each guaranteed all of the senior debt of the other entity. No additional liabilities have been recorded for these intercompany guarantees because all of the underlying obligations are reflected in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 
We also have guaranteed the obligations of and provided indemnification to third parties in the ordinary course of business. Guarantee agreements outstanding as of June 30, 2008 include guarantees of unconsolidated entities’ financial obligations maturing through 2020 for maximum future payments of $10 million; agreements guaranteeing the market value of homeowners’ properties adjacent to landfills; and the guarantee of interest rate swap obligations of the funding entity in connection with our letter of credit facility. Our indemnification obligations generally provide that we will be responsible for liabilities associated with our operations for events that occurred prior to the sale of the operations. We do not believe that it is possible to determine the contingent obligations associated with these indemnities. Additionally, under certain of our acquisition agreements, we have provided for additional consideration to be paid to the sellers if established financial targets are achieved post-closing. The costs associated with any additional consideration requirements are accounted for as incurred.
 
Environmental matters — A significant portion of our operating costs and capital expenditures could be characterized as costs of environmental protection, as we are subject to an array of laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. Under current laws and regulations, we may have liabilities for environmental damage caused by operations, or for damage caused by conditions that existed before we acquired a site. Such liabilities include potentially responsible party, or PRP, investigations, settlements, certain legal and consultant fees, as well as costs directly associated with site investigation and clean up, such as materials and incremental internal costs directly related to the remedy.
 
Estimating our degree of responsibility for remediation of a particular site is inherently difficult and determining the method and ultimate cost of remediation requires that a number of assumptions be made. There can sometimes be a range of reasonable estimates of the costs associated with the likely remedy of a site. In these cases, we use the amount within the range that constitutes our best estimate. If no amount within the range appears to be a better estimate than any other, we use the amounts that are the low ends of such ranges in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies, and its interpretations. If we used the high ends of such ranges, our aggregate potential liability would be approximately $155 million higher than the $277 million recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of June 30, 2008. Our ongoing review of our remediation liabilities could result in revisions that could cause upward or downward adjustments to income from operations. These adjustments could also be material in any given period.
 
As of June 30, 2008, we had been notified by the government that we are a PRP in connection with 75 locations listed on the EPA’s National Priorities List, or NPL. Of the 75 sites at which claims have been made against us, 16 are sites we own. Each of the NPL sites we own were initially developed by others as landfill disposal facilities. The NPL sites are at various procedural stages under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980, as amended, known as CERCLA or Superfund. CERCLA generally provides for liability for those parties owning, operating, transporting to or disposing at the sites. Proceedings arising under Superfund typically involve numerous waste generators and other waste transportation and disposal companies and seek to allocate or recover costs associated with site investigation and remediation, which costs could be substantial and could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements. At some of the sites at which we have been identified as a PRP, our liability is well defined as a consequence of a governmental decision and an agreement among liable parties as to the share each will pay for implementing that remedy. At other sites, where no remedy has been selected or the liable parties have been unable to agree on an appropriate allocation, our future costs are uncertain. Any of these matters potentially could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements.


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
Litigation — In April 2002, two former participants in WM Holdings’ ERISA plans filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia in a case entitled William S. Harris, et al. v. James E. Koenig, et al. The lawsuit named as defendants WM Holdings; various members of WM Holdings’ Board of Directors prior to the acquisition of WM Holdings by WMI, including Pastora San Juan Cafferty, Steven Rothmeier and John C. Pope, each of whom is currently a director of WMI; the Administrative Committee of WM Holdings’ ERISA plans and its individual members, which included former officers and directors of WM Holdings; various members of the Administrative Committee of WMI’s ERISA plans, including former officers of WMI; various members of the Investment Committee of WMI’s ERISA plans, including former officers of WMI and Robert G. Simpson; and State Street Bank & Trust, the trustee and investment manager of WMI’s ERISA plans. The lawsuit attempts to increase the recovery of a class of ERISA plan participants based on allegations related to both the events alleged in, and the settlements relating to, the securities class action against WM Holdings that was settled in 1998 and the securities class action against WMI that was settled in 2001. Subsequently, the issues related to the latter class action have been dropped as to WMI and all of its current and former officers and directors, including Mr. Simpson. The case is ongoing with respect to the other defendants, including Ms. Cafferty, Mr. Rothmeier and Mr. Pope, in their capacities as former directors of WM Holdings. All of the defendants intend to defend themselves vigorously.
 
There are two separate wage and hour lawsuits pending against us in California, each seeking class certification. The actions have recently been coordinated to proceed in San Diego County. Both lawsuits make the same general allegations that the defendants failed to comply with certain California wage and hour laws, including allegedly failing to provide meal and rest periods, and failing to properly pay hourly and overtime wages. We deny the plaintiffs’ claims and intend to vigorously defend these matters. As the litigation is in the early stages of the legal process, and given the inherent uncertainties of litigation, the ultimate outcome cannot be predicted at this time, nor can possible damages, if any, be reasonably estimated.
 
From time to time, we also are named as defendants in personal injury and property damage lawsuits, including purported class actions, on the basis of having owned, operated or transported waste to a disposal facility that is alleged to have contaminated the environment or, in certain cases, on the basis of having conducted environmental remediation activities at sites. Some of the lawsuits may seek to have us pay the costs of monitoring of allegedly affected sites and health care examinations of allegedly affected persons for a substantial period of time even where no actual damage is proven. While we believe we have meritorious defenses to these lawsuits, the ultimate resolution is often substantially uncertain due to the difficulty of determining the cause, extent and impact of alleged contamination (which may have occurred over a long period of time), the potential for successive groups of complainants to emerge, the diversity of the individual plaintiffs’ circumstances, and the potential contribution or indemnification obligations of co-defendants or other third parties, among other factors. Accordingly, it is possible such matters could have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements.
 
As a large company with operations across the United States and Canada, we are subject to various proceedings, lawsuits, disputes and claims arising in the ordinary course of our business. Many of these actions raise complex factual and legal issues and are subject to uncertainties. Actions filed against us include commercial, customer, and employment related claims, including purported class action lawsuits related to our customer service agreements and purported class actions involving federal and state wage and hour and other laws. The plaintiffs in some actions seek unspecified damages or injunctive relief, or both. These actions are in various procedural stages, and some are covered in part by insurance. We currently do not believe that any such actions will ultimately have a material adverse impact on our consolidated financial statements.
 
WMI’s charter and bylaws currently require indemnification of its officers and directors if statutory standards of conduct have been met and allow the advancement of expenses to these individuals upon receipt of an undertaking by the individuals to repay all expenses if it is ultimately determined that they did not meet the required standards of conduct. Additionally, WMI has entered into separate indemnification agreements with each of the members of its Board of Directors as well as its Chief Executive Officer, its President and its Chief Financial Officer. The Company may incur substantial expenses in connection with the fulfillment of its advancement of costs and indemnification


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
obligations in connection with current actions involving former officers of the Company or its subsidiaries or other actions or proceedings, including the Harris lawsuit mentioned above, that may be brought against its former or current officers, directors and employees.
 
On March 20, 2008, we filed a lawsuit in state court in the Southern District of Texas against SAP AG and SAP America, Inc., alleging fraud and breach of contract. The lawsuit relates to our 2005 software license from SAP for a waste and recycling revenue management system and agreement for SAP to implement the software on a fixed-fee basis. We have alleged that SAP contracted to provide software that would not need to be customized or enhanced and that the software would be fully implemented throughout the Company in 18 months. We are pursuing all legal remedies, including recovery of all payments we have made, costs we have incurred and savings not realized. SAP recently filed a general denial to the suit. We will vigorously pursue all claims available.
 
We are still examining all of our alternatives associated with the development and implementation of a revenue management system, some of which may be affected by the ultimate resolution of the lawsuit. As we continue to assess the alternatives available to us, we may determine that the best course of action will be to move forward with another software and abandon the SAP revenue management system. If we decide to abandon the SAP software, the abandonment would result in a charge of between $45 million and $55 million.
 
Item 103 of the SEC’s Regulation S-K requires disclosure of certain environmental matters when a governmental authority is a party to the proceedings and the proceedings involve potential monetary sanctions that we reasonably believe could exceed $100,000. The following are the four matters pending as of June 30, 2008 that are disclosed in accordance with that requirement:
 
On April 4, 2006, the EPA issued a Finding and Notice of Violation (“FNOV”) to Waste Management of Hawaii, Inc., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of WMI, and to the County of Hawaii for alleged violations of the federal Clean Air Act. The alleged violations were based on the failure to submit certain reports required by the EPA, including annual reports calculating the quantities of certain emissions from the West Hawaii Landfill on the Big Island. The FNOV did not propose a penalty amount and the parties have been in confidential settlement negotiations. Pursuant to an indemnity agreement, any penalty assessed will be paid by the Company, and not by the County.
 
The EPA also issued an FNOV to Waste Management of Hawaii, Inc. and to the City and County of Honolulu for alleged violations of the federal Clean Air Act, based on alleged failure to submit certain reports and design plans required by the EPA, and the failure to begin and timely complete the installation of a gas collection and control system for the Waimanalo Gulch Sanitary Landfill on Oahu. The FNOV did not propose a penalty amount and the parties have been in confidential settlement negotiations. Pursuant to an indemnity agreement, any penalty assessed will be paid by the Company, and not by the City and County of Honolulu.
 
On March 17, 2008, Chemical Waste Management, LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of WMI, received a proposed Order on Consent and Complaint from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (“DEC”) alleging violations under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act that were either self-reported by Chemical Waste or observed during DEC inspections involving handling, disposal and transportation-related activities. The Order provided for a civil penalty in the amount of $240,250 and covers the period from November 2000 through January 2007. Subsequently, at the request of Chemical Waste, the DEC agreed to amend its proposed Order to include an alleged stormwater violation with a total proposed penalty of $290,000. The parties are engaged in confidential settlement discussions involving the alleged violations and amount of the penalty.
 
By letter dated September 22, 2006, the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection proposed a Consent Agreement and Order to Shade Landfill, Inc., an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of WMI, to address boron effluent values in excess of the landfill’s discharge permits between 2002 and 2006. The proposed Consent Agreement and Order included a proposed penalty of $200,000. The parties are in confidential settlement negotiations.


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
Multi-employer, defined benefit pension plans — We have collective bargaining agreements with various union locals across the United States. As a result of many of these agreements, certain of our subsidiaries are participating employers in a number of trustee-managed multi-employer, defined benefit pension plans for the affected employees, including the Central States Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Plan (“Central States Pension Plan”). In March 2008, the Central States Pension Plan reported that it has adopted a rehabilitation plan as a result of its actuarial certification for the plan year beginning January 1, 2008, which placed the Central States Pension Plan in “critical status,” as defined by the Pension Protection Act of 2006. In connection with our ongoing re-negotiation of various collection bargaining agreements, we may discuss and negotiate for the complete or partial withdrawal from one or more of these pension plans. We do not believe that our withdrawal from any of these plans, individually or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or liquidity. However, our decision to withdraw from the plans could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations for the period in which any such withdrawal were recorded.
 
Tax matters — In the second quarter of 2008, we concluded the IRS audit of the 2006 tax year and recognized a $4 million net benefit as a reduction to our provision for income taxes. We are currently in the examination phase of IRS audits for the years 2007 and 2008. We expect the 2007 audit to be completed within the next six months and the 2008 audit to be completed within the next 18 months. Audits associated with state and local jurisdictions date back to 1999 and examinations associated with Canada date back to 2002. To provide for certain potential tax exposures, we maintain a liability for unrecognized tax benefits, the balance of which management believes is adequate. Results of audit assessments by taxing authorities could have a material effect on our quarterly or annual cash flows as audits are completed, although we do not believe that current tax audit matters will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations.
 
We have approximately $2.9 billion of tax-exempt financings as of June 30, 2008. Tax-exempt financings are structured pursuant to certain terms and conditions of the Internal Revenue Code, which exempt from taxation the interest income earned by the bondholders in the transactions. The requirements of the Code can be complex, and failure to comply with these requirements could cause certain past interest payments made on the bonds to be taxable and could cause either outstanding principal amounts on the bonds to be accelerated or future interest payments on the bonds to be taxable. Some of the Company’s tax-exempt financings have been, or currently are, the subject of examinations by the IRS to determine whether the financings meet the requirements of the Code and applicable regulations. It is possible that an adverse determination by the IRS could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s cash flows and results of operations.
 
8.   Restructuring
 
In the first quarter of 2007, we restructured certain operations and functions resulting in the recognition of a charge of $9 million. We incurred an additional $1 million of costs for this restructuring during the second quarter of 2007, increasing the pre-tax costs incurred to date to $10 million. Approximately $7 million of our restructuring costs was incurred by our Corporate organization, $2 million was incurred by our Midwest Group and $1 million was incurred by our Western Group. These charges included $8 million for employee severance and benefit costs and $2 million related to operating lease agreements.
 
Through June 30, 2008, we had paid $7 million of the employee severance and benefit costs incurred as a result of this restructuring. The length of time we are obligated to make severance payments varies, with the longest obligation continuing through the first quarter of 2009.
 
9.   Segment and Related Information
 
We manage and evaluate our operations primarily through our Eastern, Midwest, Southern, Western, Wheelabrator and WMRA Groups. These six Groups are presented below as our reportable segments. Our segments provide integrated waste management services consisting of collection, disposal (solid waste and hazardous waste landfills), transfer, waste-to-energy facilities and independent power production plants that are


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
managed by Wheelabrator, recycling services and other services to commercial, industrial, municipal and residential customers throughout the United States and in Puerto Rico and Canada. The operations not managed through our six operating Groups are presented herein as “Other.”
 
During the second quarter of 2008, we realigned our Midwest and Western Group organizations to facilitate improved business execution. We reassigned responsibility for the management of certain Canadian business operations in the Western Group to the Midwest Group. The prior period segment information provided in the following table has been reclassified to reflect the impact of our realignment to provide financial information that consistently reflects our current approach to managing our operations.
 
Summarized financial information concerning our reportable segments for the three and six months ended June 30 is shown in the following tables (in millions):
 
                                 
    Gross
    Intercompany
    Net
       
    Operating
    Operating
    Operating
    Income from
 
Three Months Ended:
  Revenues     Revenues     Revenues     Operations  
 
June 30, 2008
                               
Eastern
  $ 845     $ (162 )   $ 683     $ 141  
Midwest
    838       (130 )     708       139  
Southern
    940       (128 )     812       214  
Western
    848       (110 )     738       163  
Wheelabrator
    225       (19 )     206       77  
WMRA
    275       (5 )     270       23  
Other
    81       (9 )     72       (14 )
                                 
      4,052       (563 )     3,489       743  
Corporate and Other
                      (111 )
                                 
Total
  $ 4,052     $ (563 )   $ 3,489     $ 632  
                                 
June 30, 2007
                               
Eastern
  $ 849     $ (171 )   $ 678     $ 152  
Midwest
    811       (132 )     679       131  
Southern
    928       (138 )     790       208  
Western
    845       (115 )     730       167  
Wheelabrator
    219       (17 )     202       79  
WMRA
    230       (5 )     225       22  
Other
    71       (17 )     54       (13 )
                                 
      3,953       (595 )     3,358       746  
Corporate and Other
                      (113 )
                                 
Total
  $ 3,953     $ (595 )   $ 3,358     $ 633  
                                 
Six Months Ended:
                               
June 30, 2008
                               
Eastern
  $ 1,604     $ (299 )   $ 1,305     $ 255  
Midwest
    1,571       (241 )     1,330       237  
Southern
    1,853       (254 )     1,599       428  
Western
    1,658       (215 )     1,443       312  
Wheelabrator
    438       (41 )     397       135  
WMRA
    550       (11 )     539       43  
Other
    159       (17 )     142       (29 )
                                 
      7,833       (1,078 )     6,755       1,381  
Corporate and Other
                      (238 )
                                 
Total
  $ 7,833     $ (1,078 )   $ 6,755     $ 1,143  
                                 


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
                                 
    Gross
    Intercompany
    Net
       
    Operating
    Operating
    Operating
    Income from
 
Six Months Ended:
  Revenues     Revenues     Revenues     Operations  
 
June 30, 2007
                               
Eastern
  $ 1,639     $ (317 )   $ 1,322     $ 272  
Midwest
    1,524       (246 )     1,278       235  
Southern
    1,847       (275 )     1,572       416  
Western
    1,663       (222 )     1,441       315  
Wheelabrator
    427       (34 )     393       115  
WMRA
    445       (10 )     435       41  
Other
    138       (33 )     105       (21 )
                                 
      7,683       (1,137 )     6,546       1,373  
Corporate and Other
                      (259 )
                                 
Total
  $ 7,683     $ (1,137 )   $ 6,546     $ 1,114  
                                 
 
The income from operations provided by our four geographic segments is generally indicative of the margins provided by our collection, landfill and transfer businesses, although these Groups do provide recycling and other services that can affect these trends. The operating margins provided by our Wheelabrator segment (waste-to-energy facilities and independent power production plants) have historically been higher than the margins provided by our base business generally due to the combined impact of long-term disposal and energy contracts and the disposal demands of the region in which our facilities are concentrated. Income from operations provided by our WMRA segment generally reflects operating margins typical of the recycling industry, which tend to be lower than those provided by our base business, but may fluctuate significantly as market prices for commodities change. Fluctuations in our operating results between quarters may be caused by many factors, including period-to-period changes in the relative contribution of revenue by each line of business and operating segment and general economic conditions.
 
In addition, our revenues and income from operations typically reflect seasonal patterns. Our operating revenues tend to be somewhat higher in the summer months, primarily due to the higher volume of construction and demolition waste. The volumes of industrial and residential waste in certain regions where we operate also tend to increase during the summer months. Our second and third quarter revenues and results of operations typically reflect these seasonal trends. Additionally, certain destructive weather conditions that tend to occur during the second half of the year actually increase our revenues in the areas affected. However, for several reasons, including significant start-up costs, such revenue often generates comparatively lower margins. Certain weather conditions may result in the temporary suspension of our operations, which can significantly affect the operating results of the affected regions. The operating results of our first quarter also often reflect higher repair and maintenance expenses because we rely on the slower winter months, when waste flows are generally lower, to perform scheduled maintenance at our waste-to-energy facilities.
 
From time to time, the operating results of our reportable segments are significantly affected by unusual or infrequent transactions or events. In addition to the impacts of “(Income) Expense from Divestitures, Asset Impairments and Unusual Items,” which are discussed in Note 10, the following items have significantly affected the operating results of our segments during the periods presented:
 
  •  Eastern — The Group’s operating results were improved by $15 million during the first quarter of 2007 and $3 million during the first quarter of 2008 due to the favorable resolution of a disposal tax matter. These impacts were recognized as reductions to disposal fees and taxes within our “Operating” expenses.
 
  •  Wheelabrator — The Group’s income from operations for the first quarter of 2007 was negatively affected by $21 million of charges incurred for the early termination of a lease agreement in connection with the purchase of one of our independent power production plants. This charge was recorded as “Operating” expenses.


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
 
10.   (Income) Expense from Divestitures, Asset Impairments and Unusual Items
 
(Income) expense from divestitures (including held-for-sale impairments) — We recognized $2 million of net gains on divestitures during the six months ended June 30, 2008 related to the divestiture of operations in our Southern Group. Total proceeds from divestitures completed during the six months ended June 30, 2008 were $4 million. Proceeds received were largely the result of a non-monetary exchange of businesses.
 
We recognized $33 million and $42 million of net gains from divestitures during the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, respectively. The net gains recognized during the first quarter of 2007 were primarily related to the divestiture of collection and disposal operations in our Southern Group and the net gains recognized during the second quarter of 2007 were primarily related to the divestiture of collection and transfer operations in our Eastern Group, WMRA operations and collection operations in our Western Group. Total proceeds from divestitures completed during the six months ended June 30, 2007 were $183 million, which were primarily received in cash.
 
Impairments of assets held-for-use — During the first quarter of 2007, we recorded impairment charges of $10 million attributable to two landfills in our Southern Group. The impairments were necessary as a result of the re-evaluation of our business alternatives for one landfill and the expiration of a contract that we had expected would be renewed that had significantly contributed to the volumes for the second landfill.
 
11.   Fair Value Measurements
 
SFAS No. 157 provides a framework for measuring fair value and establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value, giving the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 inputs) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs).
 
We use valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. In measuring the fair value of our assets and liabilities, we use market data or assumptions that we believe market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, including assumptions about risk when appropriate. As of June 30, 2008, our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis include the following (in millions):
 
                                 
          Fair Value Measurements Using  
          Quoted
    Significant
       
          Prices in
    Other
    Significant
 
          Active
    Observable
    Unobservable
 
          Markets
    Inputs
    Inputs
 
    Total     (Level 1)     (Level 2)     (Level 3)  
 
Assets:
                               
Available-for-sale securities
  $ 359     $ 359     $  —     $  —  
Interest rate derivatives
    5             5        
Environmental remediation recovery assets
    28             28        
                                 
Total assets
  $ 392     $ 359     $ 33     $  
                                 
Liabilities:
                               
Interest rate derivatives
  $ 26     $     $ 26     $  
Foreign currency derivatives
    28             28        
Commodity derivatives
    9             9        
                                 
Total liabilities
  $ 63     $     $ 63     $  
                                 
 
12.   Condensed Consolidating Financial Statements
 
WM Holdings has fully and unconditionally guaranteed all of WMI’s senior indebtedness. WMI has fully and unconditionally guaranteed all of WM Holdings’ senior indebtedness. None of WMI’s other subsidiaries have


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
guaranteed any of WMI’s or WM Holdings’ debt. As a result of these guarantee arrangements, we are required to present the following condensed consolidating financial information (in millions):
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETS
 
June 30, 2008
(Unaudited)
 
                                         
          WM
    Non-Guarantor
             
    WMI     Holdings     Subsidiaries     Eliminations     Consolidated  
 
ASSETS
Current assets:
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 167     $     $ 43     $     $ 210  
Other current assets
    4             2,196             2,200  
                                         
      171             2,239             2,410  
Property and equipment, net
                11,300             11,300  
Investments in and advances to affiliates
    10,079       11,007       603       (21,689 )      
Other assets
    29       14       6,297             6,340  
                                         
Total assets
  $ 10,279     $ 11,021     $ 20,439     $ (21,689 )   $ 20,050  
                                         
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
                                       
Current portion of long-term debt
  $ 218     $     $ 217     $     $ 435  
Accounts payable and other current liabilities
    81       17       2,047             2,145  
                                         
      299       17       2,264             2,580  
Long-term debt, less current portion
    4,234       634       3,090             7,958  
Other liabilities
    24       1       3,463             3,488  
                                         
Total liabilities
    4,557       652       8,817             14,026  
Minority interest in subsidiaries and variable interest entities
                302             302  
Stockholders’ equity
    5,722       10,369       11,320       (21,689 )     5,722  
                                         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 10,279     $ 11,021     $ 20,439     $ (21,689 )   $ 20,050  
                                         
 
December 31, 2007
 
                                         
          WM
    Non-Guarantor
             
    WMI     Holdings     Subsidiaries     Eliminations     Consolidated  
 
ASSETS
Current assets:
                                       
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 416     $     $     $ (68 )   $ 348  
Other current assets
                2,132             2,132  
                                         
      416             2,132       (68 )     2,480  
Property and equipment, net
                11,351             11,351  
Investments in and advances to affiliates
    9,617       10,622       173       (20,412 )      
Other assets
    28       15       6,301             6,344  
                                         
Total assets
  $ 10,061     $ 10,637     $ 19,957     $ (20,480 )   $ 20,175  
                                         
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
                                       
Current portion of long-term debt
  $ 129     $     $ 200     $     $ 329  
Accounts payable and other current liabilities
    79       22       2,236       (68 )     2,269  
                                         
      208       22       2,436       (68 )     2,598  
Long-term debt, less current portion
    4,034       889       3,085             8,008  
Other liabilities
    27       2       3,438             3,467  
                                         
Total liabilities
    4,269       913       8,959       (68 )     14,073  
Minority interest in subsidiaries and variable interest entities
                310             310  
Stockholders’ equity
    5,792       9,724       10,688       (20,412 )     5,792  
                                         
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  $ 10,061     $ 10,637     $ 19,957     $ (20,480 )   $ 20,175  
                                         


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008
(Unaudited)
 
                                         
          WM
    Non-Guarantor
             
    WMI     Holdings     Subsidiaries     Eliminations     Consolidated  
 
Operating revenues
  $     $     $ 3,489     $     $ 3,489  
Costs and expenses
                2,857             2,857  
                                         
Income from operations
                632             632  
                                         
Other income (expense):
                                       
Interest income (expense)
    (68 )     (3 )     (30 )           (101 )
Equity in subsidiaries, net of taxes
    361       363             (724 )      
Minority interest
                (13 )           (13 )
Equity in net earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities and other, net
                (1 )           (1 )
                                         
      293       360       (44 )     (724 )     (115 )
                                         
Income before income taxes
    293       360       588       (724 )     517  
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
    (25 )     (1 )     225             199  
                                         
Net income
  $ 318     $ 361     $ 363     $ (724 )   $ 318  
                                         
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
(Unaudited)
 
                                         
          WM
    Non-Guarantor
             
    WMI     Holdings     Subsidiaries     Eliminations     Consolidated  
 
Operating revenues
  $     $     $ 3,358     $     $ 3,358  
Costs and expenses
                2,725             2,725  
                                         
Income from operations
                633             633  
                                         
Other income (expense):
                                       
Interest income (expense)
    (74 )     (16 )     (31 )           (121 )
Equity in subsidiaries, net of taxes
    385       395             (780 )      
Minority interest
                (11 )           (11 )
Equity in net earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities and other, net
                (21 )           (21 )
                                         
      311       379       (63 )     (780 )     (153 )
                                         
Income before income taxes
    311       379       570       (780 )     480  
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
    (27 )     (6 )     175             142  
                                         
Net income
  $ 338     $ 385     $ 395     $ (780 )   $ 338  
                                         


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008
(Unaudited)
 
                                         
          WM
    Non-Guarantor
             
    WMI     Holdings     Subsidiaries     Eliminations     Consolidated  
 
Operating revenues
  $     $     $ 6,755     $     $ 6,755  
Costs and expenses
                5,612             5,612  
                                         
Income from operations
                1,143             1,143  
                                         
Other income (expense):
                                       
Interest income (expense)
    (136 )     (19 )     (63 )           (218 )
Equity in subsidiaries, net of taxes
    645       657             (1,302 )      
Minority interest
                (20 )           (20 )
Equity in net earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities and other, net
                (3 )           (3 )
                                         
      509       638       (86 )     (1,302 )     (241 )
                                         
Income before income taxes
    509       638       1,057       (1,302 )     902  
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
    (50 )     (7 )     400             343  
                                         
Net income
  $ 559     $ 645     $ 657     $ (1,302 )   $ 559  
                                         
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
(Unaudited)
 
                                         
          WM
    Non-Guarantor
             
    WMI     Holdings     Subsidiaries     Eliminations     Consolidated  
 
Operating revenues
  $     $     $ 6,546     $     $ 6,546  
Costs and expenses
                5,432             5,432  
                                         
Income from operations
                1,114             1,114  
                                         
Other income (expense):
                                       
Interest income (expense)
    (147 )     (33 )     (58 )           (238 )
Equity in subsidiaries, net of taxes
    669       690             (1,359 )      
Minority interest
                (21 )           (21 )
Equity in net earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities and other, net
                (44 )           (44 )
                                         
      522       657       (123 )     (1,359 )     (303 )
                                         
Income before income taxes
    522       657       991       (1,359 )     811  
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes
    (54 )     (12 )     301             235  
                                         
Net income
  $ 576     $ 669     $ 690     $ (1,359 )   $ 576  
                                         


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008
(Unaudited)
 
                                         
          WM
    Non-Guarantor
             
    WMI     Holdings     Subsidiaries     Eliminations     Consolidated  
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                                       
Net income
  $ 559     $ 645     $ 657     $ (1,302 )   $ 559  
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries, net of taxes
    (645 )     (657 )           1,302        
Other adjustments
    (9 )     (15 )     596             572  
                                         
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    (95 )     (27 )     1,253             1,131  
                                         
Cash flows from investing activities:
                                       
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired
                (127 )           (127 )
Capital expenditures
                (486 )           (486 )
Proceeds from divestitures of businesses (net of cash divested) and other sales of assets
                38             38  
Net receipts from restricted trust and escrow accounts and other, net
                76             76  
                                         
Net cash used in investing activities
                (499 )           (499 )
                                         
Cash flows from financing activities:
                                       
New borrowings
    644             327             971  
Debt repayments
    (350 )     (244 )     (407 )           (1,001 )
Common stock repurchases
    (401 )                       (401 )
Cash dividends
    (266 )                       (266 )
Exercise of common stock options and warrants
    32                         32  
Minority interest distributions paid and other
    6             (112 )           (106 )
(Increase) decrease in intercompany and investments, net
    181       271       (520 )     68        
                                         
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    (154 )     27       (712 )     68       (771 )
                                         
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
                1             1  
                                         
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    (249 )           43       68       (138 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    416                   (68 )     348  
                                         
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 167     $     $ 43     $     $ 210  
                                         


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
(Unaudited)
 
                                         
          WM
    Non-Guarantor
             
    WMI     Holdings     Subsidiaries     Eliminations     Consolidated  
 
Cash flows from operating activities:
                                       
Net income
  $ 576     $ 669     $ 690     $ (1,359 )   $ 576  
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries, net of taxes
    (669 )     (690 )           1,359        
Other adjustments
    (27 )     (1 )     527             499  
                                         
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
    (120 )     (22 )     1,217             1,075  
                                         
Cash flows from investing activities:
                                       
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired
                (46 )           (46 )
Capital expenditures
                (481 )           (481 )
Proceeds from divestitures of businesses (net of cash divested) and other sales of assets
                216             216  
Purchases of short-term investments
    (743 )                       (743 )
Proceeds from sales of short-term investments
    803                         803  
Net receipts from restricted trust and escrow accounts and other, net
          (4 )     71             67  
                                         
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
    60       (4 )     (240 )           (184 )
                                         
Cash flows from financing activities:
                                       
New borrowings
                315             315  
Debt repayments
    (52 )           (400 )           (452 )
Common stock repurchases
    (683 )                       (683 )
Cash dividends
    (251 )                       (251 )
Exercise of common stock options and warrants
    111                         111  
Minority interest distributions paid and other
    21             2             23  
(Increase) decrease in intercompany and investments, net
    823       26       (896 )     47        
                                         
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    (31 )     26       (979 )     47       (937 )
                                         
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
                2             2  
                                         
Increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (91 )                 47       (44 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
    675                   (61 )     614  
                                         
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
  $ 584     $     $     $ (14 )   $ 570  
                                         


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
13.   New Accounting Pronouncements
 
SFAS No. 157 — Fair Value Measurements
 
In February 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position FAS 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, which delayed the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. FSP FAS 157-2 establishes January 1, 2009 as the effective date of SFAS No. 157 with respect to these fair value measurements for the Company. We do not currently expect the application of the fair value framework established by SFAS No. 157 to non-financial assets and liabilities measured on a non-recurring basis to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. However, we will continue to assess the potential effects of SFAS No. 157 as additional guidance becomes available.
 
SFAS No. 141(R) — Business Combinations
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), Business Combinations, which establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer recognizes and measures in the financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree. This statement also provides guidance for recognizing and measuring the goodwill acquired in the business combination and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. SFAS No. 141(R) will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2009. We are currently evaluating the effect the adoption of SFAS No. 141(R) will have on our accounting and reporting for future acquisitions.
 
SFAS No. 160 — Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51
 
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements. SFAS No. 160 will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2009 and must be applied prospectively, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements, which must be applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The adoption of SFAS No. 160 will not have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. However, it could impact our accounting for future transactions.
 
14.   Subsequent Event
 
On June 23, 2008, Republic Services, Inc. and Allied Waste Industries, Inc. announced that they had entered into a definitive merger agreement, pursuant to which each 1.00 share of Allied would receive 0.45 shares of Republic. Their merger agreement provided that neither Republic nor Allied would actively solicit third-party acquisition proposals, but that either party could provide information to and engage in discussions with a third party if the Board of Directors of the company receiving the proposal determined that the proposal either constitutes, or could reasonably be expected to lead to, a Superior Proposal (as defined in the agreement).
 
On July 14, 2008, we announced that we had made a proposal to the Board of Directors of Republic to acquire all of Republic’s outstanding shares of common stock for $34.00 per share, or $6.2 billion based on shares outstanding as of June 30, 2008, in an all-cash merger, a proposal we believe constituted a Superior Proposal.
 
On July 18, 2008, Republic announced that its Board of Directors had determined that our proposal did not constitute, and could not reasonably be expected to lead to, a Superior Proposal, and, as a result, Republic’s Board of Directors had declined to authorize Republic to provide us with information or engage in discussions and negotiations with us. We are disappointed in the Republic Board of Directors’ unwillingness to consider our proposal as one that could reasonably be expected to lead to a Superior Proposal. On July 24, 2008, we announced that we had made a filing under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 relating to purchases of


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WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 
shares of Republic. The filing also initiates the Department of Justice’s expected antitrust review of our proposed merger transaction with Republic and starts the applicable waiting period.
 
On July 28, 2008, Republic announced that it had taken steps intended to ensure that all Republic stockholders are treated equally in a transaction involving Republic. These steps included the adoption of a stockholder rights plan; the waiver of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law as it relates to Cascade Investments, LLC, a major stockholder of Republic; and amendments to Republic’s bylaws to provide for advance notice of stockholders’ actions by written consents. As we announced on July 28, 2008, these actions do not change our focus on acquiring Republic.


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Item 2.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
In an effort to keep our shareholders and the public informed about our business, we may make “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements usually relate to future events and anticipated revenues, earnings, cash flows or other aspects of our operations or operating results. Forward-looking statements generally include statements containing:
 
  •  projections about accounting and finances;
 
  •  plans and objectives for the future;
 
  •  projections or estimates about assumptions relating to our performance; and
 
  •  our opinions, views or beliefs about the effects of current or future events, circumstances or performance.
 
You should view these statements with caution. These statements are not guarantees of future performance, circumstances or events. They are based on facts and circumstances known to us as of the date the statements are made. All phases of our business are subject to uncertainties, risks and other influences, many of which we do not control. Any of these factors, either alone or taken together, could have a material adverse effect on us and could change whether any forward-looking statement ultimately turns out to be true. Additionally, we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement as a result of future events, circumstances or developments. The following discussion should be read together with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto.
 
Some of the risks that we face and that could affect our business and financial statements for 2008 and beyond include the following:
 
  •  competition may negatively affect our profitability or cash flows, our price increases may have negative effects on volumes, and price roll-backs and lower than average pricing to retain and attract customers may negatively affect our yield on base business;
 
  •  we may be unable to maintain or expand margins if we are unable to control costs or raise prices;
 
  •  we may not be able to successfully execute or continue our operational or other margin improvement plans and programs, including pricing increases; passing on increased costs to our customers; reducing costs due to our operational improvement programs; and divesting under-performing assets and purchasing accretive businesses, any of which could negatively affect our revenues and margins;
 
  •  weather conditions cause our quarter-to-quarter results to fluctuate, and harsh weather or natural disasters may cause us to temporarily shut down operations;
 
  •  inflation, higher interest rates and other general and local economic conditions may negatively affect the volumes of waste generated, our financing costs and other expenses;
 
  •  possible changes in our estimates of costs for site remediation requirements, final capping, closure and post-closure obligations, compliance and regulatory requirements may increase our expenses;
 
  •  regulations may negatively impact our business by, among other things, restricting our operations, increasing costs of operations or requiring additional capital expenditures;
 
  •  climate change legislation, including possible limits on carbon emissions, may negatively impact our results of operations by increasing expenses related to tracking, measuring and reporting our greenhouse emissions and increasing operating costs and capital expenditures that may be required to comply with any such legislation;
 
  •  if we are unable to obtain and maintain permits needed to open, operate, and/or expand our facilities, our results of operations will be negatively impacted;
 
  •  limitations or bans on disposal or transportation of out-of-state, cross-border, or certain categories of waste, as well as mandates on the disposal of waste, can increase our expenses and reduce our revenue;
 
  •  fuel price increases or fuel supply shortages may increase our expenses or restrict our ability to operate;


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  •  increased costs to obtain financial assurance or the inadequacy of our insurance coverages could negatively impact our liquidity and increase our liabilities;
 
  •  possible charges as a result of shut-down operations, uncompleted development or expansion projects or other events may negatively affect earnings;
 
  •  fluctuating commodity prices may have negative effects on our operating revenue and expenses;
 
  •  trends toward recycling, waste reduction at the source and prohibiting the disposal of certain types of wastes could have negative effects on volumes of waste going to landfills and waste-to-energy facilities;
 
  •  efforts by labor unions to organize our employees may increase operating expenses and we may be unable to negotiate acceptable collective bargaining agreements with those who have been chosen to be represented by unions, which could lead to labor disruptions, including strikes and lock-outs, which could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows;
 
  •  negative outcomes of litigation or threatened litigation or governmental proceedings may increase our costs, limit our ability to conduct or expand our operations, or limit our ability to execute our business plans and strategies;
 
  •  problems with the operation of our current information technology or the development and deployment of new information systems could decrease our efficiencies, increase our costs, or lead to an impairment charge;
 
  •  the adoption of new accounting standards or interpretations may cause fluctuations in reported quarterly results of operations or adversely impact our reported results of operations; and
 
  •  we may reduce or eliminate our dividend or share repurchase program or we may need to raise additional capital if cash flows are less than we expect or capital expenditures or acquisition spending are more than we expect, and we may not be able to obtain any needed capital on acceptable terms.
 
General
 
Our principal executive offices are located at 1001 Fannin Street, Suite 4000, Houston, Texas 77002. Our telephone number at that address is (713) 512-6200. Our website address is http://www.wm.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K are all available, free of charge, on our website as soon as practicable after we file the reports with the SEC. Our stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “WMI.”
 
We are the leading provider of integrated waste services in North America. Using our vast network of assets and employees, we provide a comprehensive range of waste management services. Through our subsidiaries we provide collection, transfer, recycling, disposal and waste-to-energy services. In providing these services, we actively pursue projects and initiatives that we believe make a positive difference for our environment, including using waste-to-energy technology to convert solid waste into clean, renewable electric power; expanding our network of material recovery facilities to promote recycling efforts as a means to protecting natural resources and conserving energy; and recovering and processing the methane gas produced naturally by landfills into a renewable energy source. Our customers include commercial, industrial, municipal and residential customers, other waste management companies, electric utilities and governmental entities.
 
Overview
 
We had a strong second quarter, evidenced by internal revenue growth of 3.2%, income from operations of $632 million, or 18.1% of revenues, and diluted earnings per common share of $0.64. In comparing the results of the current period with the second quarter of 2007, income from operations decreased from $633 million for the second quarter of 2007 to $632 million in the current period. However, when excluding $33 million of net gains on divestitures and $1 million of restructuring charges recognized last year, our income from operations improved by over 5%. We believe that comparing our results without the impact of the 2007 gains on divestitures and restructuring charges is helpful in assessing the achievements we have made because these items are not reflective


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of our ongoing operations. We also believe that our financial results this quarter are particularly impressive given the strong headwinds we have faced. The most significant challenges of the current quarter were record high fuel prices and volume declines due to pricing competition, the general slowdown in the economy and the sharp decline in residential construction in many parts of the country.
 
Our revenues increased by $131 million, or 3.9%, in the second quarter of 2008, as compared with the prior year period. Our internal revenue growth from yield on base business was 3.1%, which marks the sixth consecutive quarter where this key metric has exceeded three percent. Higher fuel surcharge revenue contributed 2.2% of internal revenue growth, and higher commodity prices provided an additional 1.7%, resulting in total internal revenue growth from yield of 7.0%. Internal revenue growth from yield was offset, in part, by a 3.8% decline in volume-related revenues.
 
Our operating costs increased by $89 million, or 4.3% in the current period. The increased costs were primarily as a result of (i) record high fuel prices, which resulted in higher direct fuel costs and higher subcontractor costs; and (ii) increased costs of good sold caused by higher commodity prices. The impacts of higher fuel costs and commodity prices largely offset the margin expansion provided by our continued success in reducing or maintaining our other costs. Our operating costs as a percentage of revenue remained relatively flat, increasing from 62.3% in the second quarter of 2007 to 62.5% in the current period, which we believe is encouraging given the current environment in which we are operating.
 
Our selling, general and administrative costs increased by $15 million, or 4.4%, in the second quarter of 2008 as compared with the prior year period. The cost increase was primarily a result of higher compensation expense and increased costs associated with our sales efforts and other employee and customer initiatives. Given our ability to continue to increase our revenues in the current economic environment, we believe these were costs well spent. As a percentage of revenue, our selling, general and administrative costs were flat, at 10.3% in the current period compared with 10.2% in the prior year period.
 
We calculate free cash flow as shown in the table below (in millions):
 
                                 
    Three Months
    Six Months
 
    Ended
    Ended
 
    June 30,     June 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
  $ 570     $ 537     $ 1,131     $ 1,075  
Capital expenditures
    (273 )     (209 )     (486 )     (481 )
Proceeds from divestitures of businesses (net of cash divested) and other sales of assets
    24       147       38       216  
                                 
Free cash flow(a)
  $ 321     $ 475     $ 683     $ 810  
                                 
 
 
(a) We have included free cash flow, which is a non-GAAP measure of liquidity, in our disclosures because we use this measure in the evaluation and management of our business and believe it is indicative of our ability to pay our quarterly dividends, repurchase our common stock and fund acquisitions and other investments. Free cash flow is not intended to replace the GAAP measure of “Net cash provided by operating activities”, which is the most comparable GAAP measure. However, by subtracting cash used for capital expenditures and adding the cash proceeds from divestitures and other asset sales, we believe free cash flow gives investors greater insight into our liquidity. The presentation of free cash flow has material limitations. Free cash flow does not represent our cash flow available for discretionary expenditures because it excludes certain expenditures that are required or that we have committed to such as debt service requirements. Our definition of free cash flow may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other companies.
 
Free cash flow for the three months ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $154 million, or 32.4%, when compared with the three months ended June 30, 2007. This decrease is a result of (i) a significant decline in proceeds from divestitures, as we have had fewer under-performing businesses for sale this year; and (ii) higher capital spending in the current year period due to increased fleet spending. However, our net cash provided by operating activities increased by 6.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared with the prior year period. We believe this


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increase is indicative of our focus on earnings growth and the ability to generate strong and consistent cash flow from our operations.
 
Proposal to Acquire Republic Services, Inc.
 
On June 23, 2008, Republic Services, Inc. and Allied Waste Industries, Inc. announced that they had entered into a definitive merger agreement. Their merger agreement provided that neither Republic nor Allied would actively solicit third-party acquisition proposals, but that either party could provide information to and engage in discussions with a third party if the Board of Directors of the company receiving the proposal determined that the proposal either constitutes, or could reasonably be expected to lead to, a Superior Proposal (as defined in the agreement). On July 14, 2008, we announced that we had made a proposal to acquire all of Republic’s outstanding shares of common stock for $34.00 per share in an all-cash merger. On July 18, 2008, Republic announced that its Board of Directors had determined our proposal did not constitute, and could not reasonably be expected to lead to, a Superior Proposal and, as a result, they were rejecting our offer. Our Board of Directors and management team are currently evaluating the Company’s options and working diligently to prepare a response that addresses all of the issues raised by Republic’s Board of Directors in their letter dated July 18, 2008. On July 24, 2008, we made a filing with the Department of Justice to initiate the expected antitrust review of our proposed merger transaction with Republic and start the applicable Hart-Scott-Rodino waiting period based on our intended purchases of shares of Republic’s common stock. Our future results of operations will be impacted by our having made our proposal to acquire Republic, our decisions as to how we will proceed, and Republic’s response to our actions. The impacts may include (i) higher than expected expenditures in future quarters associated with the proposal; (ii) higher expenses to the extent these higher expenditures are not able to be capitalized in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; and (iii) increased restructuring or similar charges that may be incurred if the merger proceeds.
 
Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions
 
In preparing our financial statements, we make numerous estimates and assumptions that affect the accounting for and recognition and disclosure of assets, liabilities, stockholders’ equity, revenues and expenses. We must make these estimates and assumptions because certain information that we use is dependent on future events, cannot be calculated with a high degree of precision from data available or simply cannot be readily calculated based on generally accepted methodologies. In some cases, these estimates are particularly difficult to determine and we must exercise significant judgment. In preparing our financial statements the most difficult, subjective and complex estimates and the assumptions that deal with the greatest amount of uncertainty relate to our accounting for landfills, environmental remediation liabilities, asset impairments and self-insurance reserves and recoveries, as described in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. Actual results could differ materially from the estimates and assumptions that we use in the preparation of our financial statements.


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Results of Operations
 
Operating Revenues
 
Our operating revenues for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 were $3.5 billion and $6.8 billion, respectively, compared with $3.4 billion and $6.5 billion for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, respectively. Shown below (in millions) is the contribution to revenues during each period provided by our six operating Groups and our other waste services:
 
                                 
    Three Months
    Six Months
 
    Ended
    Ended
 
    June 30,     June 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
 
Eastern
  $ 845     $ 849     $ 1,604     $ 1,639  
Midwest
    838       811       1,571       1,524  
Southern
    940       928       1,853       1,847  
Western
    848       845       1,658       1,663  
Wheelabrator
    225       219       438       427  
WMRA
    275       230       550       445  
Other
    81       71       159       138  
Intercompany
    (563 )     (595 )     (1,078 )     (1,137 )
                                 
Total
  $ 3,489     $ 3,358     $ 6,755     $ 6,546  
                                 
 
The mix of operating revenues from our major lines of business is reflected in the table below (in millions):
 
                                 
    Three Months
    Six Months
 
    Ended
    Ended
 
    June 30,     June 30,  
    2008     2007     2008     2007  
 
Collection
  $ 2,237     $ 2,193     $ 4,375     $ 4,314  
Landfill
    786       791       1,471       1,511  
Transfer
    424       433       804       822  
Wheelabrator
    225       219       438       427  
Recycling
    324       276       644       534  
Other
    56       41       101       75  
Intercompany
    (563 )     (595 )     (1,078 )     (1,137 )
                                 
Total
  $ 3,489     $ 3,358     $ 6,755     $ 6,546  
                                 
 
Decreases in volume-related revenues in our collection and transfer lines of business have negatively affected the revenues in our landfill line of business. These collection and transfer volume declines generally have resulted in a decrease in intercompany revenues at our landfills and have not significantly affected the change in our net operating revenues for the landfill line of business. Changes in our third-party revenues when comparing the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are discussed further in the following table and analysis.


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The following table provides details associated with the period-to-period change in revenues (dollars in millions) along with an explanation of the significant components of the current period changes:
 
                                 
    Period-to-Period
    Period-to-Period
 
    Change for the
    Change for the
 
    Three Months
    Six Months
 
    Ended
    Ended
 
    June 30,
    June 30,
 
    2008 and 2007     2008 and 2007  
 
Average yield:
                               
Base business
  $ 103       3.1 %   $ 203       3.1 %
Commodity
    56       1.7       127       2.0  
Electricity (IPPs)
    2             2        
Fuel surcharges and mandated fees
    75       2.2       116       1.8  
                                 
Total
    236       7.0       448       6.9  
Volume
    (128 )     (3.8 )     (251 )     (3.9 )
                                 
Internal revenue growth 
    108       3.2       197       3.0  
Acquisitions
    32       1.0       57       0.9  
Divestitures
    (25 )     (0.8 )     (86 )     (1.3 )
Foreign currency translation
    16       0.5       41       0.6  
                                 
    $ 131       3.9 %   $ 209       3.2 %
                                 
 
Base Business — Yield on base business reflects the effect on our revenue from the pricing activities of our collection, transfer, disposal and waste-to-energy operations, exclusive of volume changes. Revenue growth from base business yield includes not only price and environmental and service fee increases, but also (i) certain average price changes related to the overall mix of services, which are due to both the types of services provided and the geographic locations where our services are provided; (ii) changes in average price from new and lost business; and (iii) price decreases to retain customers.
 
When comparing the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 with the comparable prior year periods, our pricing excellence initiative continues to be the primary contributor to our revenue growth from base business yield. The increase in revenue from base business yield was driven by our collection operations. However, our transfer stations and landfill municipal solid waste streams also contributed significant improvements. We also saw an increase in revenue from yield at our waste-to-energy facilities, largely due to annual rate increases for electricity under long-term contracts and favorable energy market pricing, which is generally indexed to natural gas prices.
 
Revenues from our environmental fee, which we include in our base business yield, were $47 million and $88 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, compared with $31 million and $53 million in the comparable prior year periods. The increase in revenues from our environmental fee is due to an increase of 1.2% in the fee charged to customers receiving services subject to the fee.
 
Commodity — Increases in the prices of recycling commodities contributed $56 million and $127 million of revenue growth during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. During the first six months of 2008, average prices for old corrugated cardboard increased by 21% and average prices for old newsprint increased by 20%. A significant portion of revenues attributable to commodities is rebated to our suppliers of recyclable materials. Accordingly, changes in our revenues due to fluctuations in commodity prices have a corresponding impact on our cost of goods sold.
 
Fuel surcharges and mandated fees — Fuel surcharges increased revenues by $75 million and $118 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. This increase is due to our continued effort to pass on our higher fuel costs to our customers through fuel surcharges. Although our fuel surcharge program is designed to respond to changes in the market price for fuel, there is a delay between the time our fuel costs increase and when we are able to recover those increases through the surcharge. This timing difference has negatively affected our ability to fully recover our cost increases in the first six months of 2008 due to the continued increases in the cost of fuel during the year.


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The mandated fees included in this line item are primarily related to the pass-through of fees and taxes assessed by various state, county and municipal governmental agencies at our landfills and transfer stations. These mandated fees have not had a significant impact on the comparability of revenues for the periods included in the table above.
 
Volume — The $128 million and $251 million declines in revenues due to lower volumes when comparing the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 with the corresponding prior year periods have been driven by declines in our collection volumes. Declines in revenues due to reduced volumes in our collection business accounted for $121 million of the decrease for the three-month period and $230 million of the decrease for the six-month period. Our revenues from collection volumes continue to be affected by our focus on improving margins through increased pricing. However, the continued slowdown in the economy also had a significant impact on each of our collection lines of business for the first six months of 2008. Our industrial collection operations experienced the most significant revenue declines due to lower volumes as a result of the significant slowdown in residential construction across the United States.
 
Revenue from waste-to-energy disposal volumes also declined during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, largely due to the termination of an operating and maintenance agreement in May 2007. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, we also experienced declines in third-party revenue at our landfills due to reduced construction and demolition and municipal solid waste volumes, partially offset by an increase in special waste disposal volumes. However, for the three months ended June 30, 2008, third-party revenue at our landfills was up slightly as a result of increased special waste disposal volumes, particularly in our Southern Group. The revenue growth from special waste disposal volumes was largely offset by declines in our municipal solid waste and construction and demolition waste disposal volumes, although the volume decline in our construction and demolition waste stream is at a slower rate than it had been in the past several quarters.
 
Acquisitions and divestitures — Revenues increased $32 million during the three months ended June 30, 2008 due to acquisitions, while divestitures accounted for decreased revenues of $25 million for the same period. This represents the first time in over two years that revenue growth from acquisitions exceeded revenue declines from divestitures, reflecting (i) that there are less under-performing operations that are being considered for divestiture and (ii) the resulting shift of focus to accretive acquisitions. Acquisitions contributed $57 million of additional revenues when comparing the six months ended June 30, 2008 with the comparable prior year period, and divestitures of under-performing or non-strategic operations accounted for decreased revenues of $86 million.
 
Operating Expenses
 
The following table summarizes the major components of our operating expenses, including the impact of foreign currency translation, for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30 (dollars in millions):
 
                                                                 
    Three Months
                Six Months
             
    Ended
    Period to
    Ended
    Period to
 
    June 30,     Period
    June 30,     Period
 
    2008     2007     Change     2008     2007     Change  
 
Labor and related benefits
  $ 602     $ 602     $       %   $ 1,195     $ 1,195     $       %
Transfer and disposal costs
    279       295       (16 )     (5.4 )     536       575       (39 )     (6.8 )
Maintenance and repairs
    276       269       7       2.6       555       546       9       1.6  
Subcontractor costs
    239       226       13       5.8       456       439       17       3.9  
Cost of goods sold
    214       185       29       15.7       430       352       78       22.2  
Fuel
    212       145       67       46.2       380       274       106       38.7  
Disposal and franchise fees and taxes
    160       162       (2 )     (1.2 )     302       296       6       2.0  
Landfill operating costs
    67       61       6       9.8       131       124       7       5.6  
Risk management
    48       51       (3 )     (5.9 )     105       112       (7 )     (6.3 )
Other
    84       96       (12 )     (12.5 )     183       213       (30 )     (14.1 )
                                                                 
    $ 2,181     $ 2,092     $ 89       4.3 %   $ 4,273     $ 4,126     $ 147       3.6 %
                                                                 


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Our operating expenses as a percentage of revenues increased from 62.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2007 to 62.5% for the current period. Operating expenses as a percentage of revenues increased by 0.3 percentage points for the six months ended June 30, 2008, from 63.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to 63.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The increases in our operating expenses during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 can largely be attributed to the following economic and market conditions:
 
  •  Fuel cost increases — On average, diesel fuel prices increased 56% from $2.82 per gallon in the second quarter of 2007 to $4.40 per gallon in the second quarter of 2008. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the average diesel fuel price increased 48% from $2.68 per gallon for the first six months of 2007 to $3.97 per gallon for the first six months of 2008. Higher fuel costs caused increases in both our direct fuel costs and our subcontractor costs throughout the first half of 2008.
 
  •  Higher market prices for commodities — Market prices for commodities rose sharply when comparing the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 with the corresponding prior year periods. This significant increase in market prices was the driver of the current quarter and year-to-date increases in cost of goods sold.
 
  •  Strengthening of the Canadian dollar — When comparing the average exchange rate for the three months ended June 30, 2008 with the same 2007 period, the Canadian rate strengthened by approximately 9%, while for the six months ended June 30, 2008 the rate strengthened by approximately 13%. The strengthening of the Canadian dollar increased our expenses in all operating cost categories, increasing total operating expenses by $13 million for the three-month period and $32 million for the six-month period.
 
After considering the significant impacts that these general economic conditions had on our operating expenses, we are encouraged that our results continue to reflect our focus on (i) identifying operational efficiencies that translate into cost savings; (ii) managing our fixed costs and reducing our variable costs as volumes decline due to our pricing program and the slowdown in the economy; and (iii) reducing our costs in light of recent divestitures.
 
Other items affecting the comparability of our operating expenses by category for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 include the following:
 
  •  Labor and related benefits — Although we have experienced higher labor costs due to (i) annual merit increases and (ii) additional overtime and other labor costs attributed to severe winter weather conditions experienced during the first quarter of 2008 in our Midwest Group, our costs are flat year-over-year due to offsetting cost savings provided by our operational efficiencies mentioned above.
 
  •  Transfer and disposal costs — These costs have decreased due to volume declines and, to a lesser extent, divestitures, which largely impacted the first quarter of 2008.
 
  •  Maintenance and repairs — Increases in these costs can be attributed to (i) changes in the timing and the increased scope of maintenance projects at our waste-to-energy and landfill gas-to-energy facilities and (ii) higher costs for steel parts and oil-based supplies such as lubricants. These increases were offset in part by cost savings due to our fleet maintenance improvement efforts.
 
  •  Cost of goods sold — In addition to the sharp rise in market prices for commodities mentioned above, our cost of goods sold is higher for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared with the prior year period due to an increase in our brokerage volumes. However, during the three months ended June 30, 2008, we experienced lower brokerage and recycling facility volumes, which we believe were generally due to pricing competition and the downturn in the economy, partially offsetting the effect of higher commodity prices.
 
  •  Disposal and franchise fees and taxes — The favorable resolution of a tax matter in our Eastern Group reduced expenses by $15 million during the first quarter of 2007 and $3 million during the first quarter of 2008. In addition, volume declines have reduced these costs during the first half of 2008.
 
  •  Landfill operating costs — The increase in costs during 2008 can be attributed to (i) the unfavorable impact of the January 1, 2008 adoption of SFAS No. 157, which resulted in a $6 million charge to landfill operating costs; (ii) increased leachate collection, trucking, treatment and disposal costs that were attributed, in part, to


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  higher precipitation levels experienced during 2008; and (iii) charges recognized during the current quarter for changes in the expected costs for the settlement of environmental remediation obligations. Our landfill operating costs for the six months ended June 30, 2007 included an $8 million charge for a revision in our estimate associated with remediation costs at one of our closed landfills.
 
  •  Risk management — These cost decreases are due primarily to lower claims costs, which can be attributed to our continuous focus on safety as reflected by reduced accident and injury rates.
 
  •  Other — The decrease in these costs when comparing the three months ended June 30, 2008 with the comparable prior year period is primarily due to the recognition of gains on the sale of surplus real estate assets during the second quarter of 2008. The comparison of these costs for the six-month period is also significantly affected by $21 million of lease termination costs recognized in the first quarter of 2007 due to the purchase of one of our independent power production plants that we had previously operated through a lease agreement.
 
Selling, General and Administrative
 
The following table summarizes the major components of our selling, general and administrative costs for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30 (dollars in millions):
 
                                                                 
    Three Months
                Six Months
             
    Ended
    Period to
    Ended
    Period to
 
    June 30,     Period
    June 30,     Period
 
    2008     2007     Change     2008     2007     Change  
 
Labor and related benefits
  $ 217     $ 204     $ 13       6.4 %   $ 434     $ 413     $ 21       5.1 %
Professional fees
    35       36       (1 )     (2.8 )     72       73       (1 )     (1.4 )
Provision for bad debts
    8       10       (2 )     (20.0 )     23       19       4       21.1  
Other
    98       93       5       5.4       197       191       6       3.1  
                                                                 
    $ 358     $ 343     $ 15       4.4 %   $ 726     $ 696     $ 30       4.3 %
                                                                 
 
Labor and related benefits — The current year increases are primarily attributable to (i) higher salaries and hourly wages driven by annual merit raises and an overall increase in headcount; (ii) higher non-cash compensation costs associated with the equity-based compensation provided for by our long-term incentive plans; and (iii) higher insurance and benefit costs. These increases were partially offset by lower bonus expenses in 2008.
 
Other — Our continued focus on our sales, marketing and other initiatives and identifying new customers resulted in an increase in our advertising costs and travel and entertainment costs in the current year. When comparing the six months ended June 30, 2008 with the comparable prior year period, these increases were partially offset by the impact of a $4 million charge recognized during the first quarter of 2007 as a result of an unclaimed property audit settlement.
 
Depreciation and Amortization
 
The following table summarizes the components of our depreciation and amortization costs for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30 (dollars in millions):
 
                                                                 
    Three Months
                Six Months
             
    Ended
    Period to
    Ended
    Period to
 
    June 30,     Period
    June 30,     Period
 
    2008     2007     Change     2008     2007     Change  
 
Depreciation of tangible property and equipment
  $ 198     $ 199     $ (1 )     (0.5 )%   $ 395     $ 398     $ (3 )     (0.8 )%
Amortization of landfill airspace
    114       118       (4 )     (3.4 )     208       223       (15 )     (6.7 )
Amortization of intangible assets
    6       5       1       20.0       12       11       1       9.1  
                                                                 
    $ 318     $ 322     $ (4 )     (1.2 )%   $ 615     $ 632     $ (17 )     (2.7 )%
                                                                 


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Depreciation and amortization expense for the three months ended June 30, 2008 was 9.1% of revenues compared with 9.6% of revenues for the comparable prior year period. Depreciation and amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was 9.1% of revenues compared with 9.7% of revenues for the comparable prior year period. The decrease in depreciation and amortization expense in the first half of 2008 can generally be attributed to landfill volume declines.
 
Restructuring
 
In the first quarter of 2007, we restructured certain operations and functions, resulting in the recognition of a pre-tax charge of $9 million. We incurred an additional $1 million of costs for this restructuring during the second quarter of 2007, increasing the pre-tax costs incurred to date to $10 million. Approximately $7 million of our restructuring costs was incurred by our Corporate organization, $2 million was incurred by our Midwest Group and $1 million was incurred by our Western Group. These charges included $8 million for employee severance and benefit costs and $2 million related to operating lease agreements.
 
(Income) Expense from Divestitures, Asset Impairments and Unusual Items
 
(Income) expense from divestitures (including held-for-sale impairments) — We recognized $2 million of net gains on divestitures during the six months ended June 30, 2008 related to the divestiture of operations in our Southern Group. Total proceeds from divestitures completed during the six months ended June 30, 2008 were $4 million. Proceeds received were largely the result of a non-monetary exchange of businesses.
 
We recognized $33 million and $42 million of net gains from divestitures during the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, respectively. The net gains recognized during the first quarter of 2007 were primarily related to the divestiture of collection and disposal operations in our Southern Group and the net gains recognized during the second quarter of 2007 were primarily related to the divestiture of collection and transfer operations in our Eastern Group, WMRA operations and collection operations in our Western Group. Total proceeds from divestitures completed during the six months ended June 30, 2007 were $183 million, which were primarily received in cash.
 
Impairments of assets held-for-use — During the first quarter of 2007, we recorded impairment charges of $10 million attributable to two landfills in our Southern Group. The impairments were necessary as a result of the re-evaluation of our business alternatives for one landfill and the expiration of a contract that we had expected would be renewed that had significantly contributed to the volumes for the second landfill.


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Income From Operations by Reportable Segment
 
The following table summarizes income from operations by reportable segment for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30 and provides explanations of significant factors contributing to the identified variances (dollars in millions):
 
                                                                 
    Three Months
                Six Months
             
    Ended
    Period to
    Ended
    Period to
 
    June 30,     Period
    June 30,     Period
 
    2008     2007     Change     2008     2007     Change  
 
Operating segments:
                                                               
Eastern
  $ 141     $ 152     $ (11 )     (7.2 )%   $ 255     $ 272     $ (17 )     (6.3 )%
Midwest
    139       131       8       6.1       237       235       2       0.9  
Southern
    214       208       6       2.9       428       416       12       2.9  
Western
    163       167       (4 )     (2.4 )     312       315       (3 )     (1.0 )
Wheelabrator
    77       79       (2 )     (2.5 )     135       115       20       17.4  
WMRA
    23       22       1       4.5       43       41       2       4.9  
Other
    (14 )     (13 )     (1 )     *       (29 )     (21 )     (8 )     *  
                                                                 
      743       746       (3 )     (0.4 )     1,381       1,373       8       0.6  
Corporate and Other
    (111 )     (113 )     2       (1.8 )     (238 )     (259 )     21       (8.1 )
                                                                 
Total
  $ 632     $ 633     $ (1 )     (0.2 )%   $ 1,143     $ 1,114     $ 29       2.6 %
                                                                 
 
 
Percentage change does not provide a meaningful comparison.
 
Operating segments — The most significant items affecting the results of operations of our geographic operating segments continue to be (i) increased revenue from yield on base business as a result of our pricing strategies, particularly in our collection operations; (ii) declines in revenues due to lower volumes, which can be attributed to pricing competition, the significant downturn in residential construction and the slowdown of the general economy; (iii) our continued focus on controlling costs through operating efficiencies; and (iv) the unfavorable effect on both operating income and operating margins of significantly higher fuel costs, which in 2008 have not been fully recovered by our fuel surcharge.
 
Other significant items affecting the comparability of the operating segments’ results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are summarized below:
 
Eastern — The Group’s operating income during the second quarter of 2007 included a $25 million net gain from divestitures. Additionally, the first quarter of 2007 included a $15 million decrease in disposal fees and taxes due to the favorable resolution of a disposal tax matter. The same disposal tax matter resulted in a $3 million decrease in disposal fees and taxes in the first quarter of 2008.
 
Midwest — The Group’s operating income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 included the recognition of a $6 million gain primarily related to the sale of surplus real estate. For the six-month period, this increase in operating income was largely offset by the negative impacts of unfavorable weather conditions and increased bad debt expense experienced during the first quarter of 2008.
 
Southern — The Group recognized $3 million of divestiture gains during the first quarter of 2008 and $7 million during the first quarter of 2007. In 2007, the impact of gains on divestitures was more than offset by $10 million of impairment charges attributable to two landfills.
 
Western — The decline in the Group’s operating income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 when compared with the prior year periods is largely due to the recognition of gains on divestitures of $7 million during the second quarter of 2007. The Group’s 2008 operating income has benefited from (i) the recognition of a $6 million gain primarily related to the sale of surplus real estate during the second quarter; and (ii) a reduction in landfill amortization expense as a result of changes in certain estimates related to our


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final capping, closure and post-closure obligations. These favorable impacts were offset, in part, by an increase in bad debt expense.
 
Wheelabrator — During the first quarter of 2007, the Group purchased an independent power production plant that it had previously operated through a lease agreement. The early termination of the lease agreement resulted in a $21 million charge to “Operating” expenses.
 
WMRA — In the first six months of 2007 and 2008, the Group’s operating income benefited from substantial increases in market prices for commodities. In addition, the Group experienced income growth due to an increased focus on maintaining or reducing rebates made to suppliers. During 2008, the Group has increased its brokerage activities, which contributed to an increase in their operating revenues. However, due to the low-margin nature of this business, which is acceptable to us because of the relatively low capital investment required, the Group’s operating margins have declined. Higher than normal operating expenses, including higher subcontractor, repair and maintenance, and facility start-up costs, have also negatively affected the Group’s operating margins in 2008. The comparison of the Group’s operating income for the periods presented has also been affected by $4 million of net gains from divestitures recognized during the second quarter of 2007.
 
Significant items affecting the comparability of the remaining components of our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are summarized below:
 
Other — The changes in operating results are largely related to certain quarter-end adjustments recorded in consolidation related to our reportable segments that were not included in the measure of segment income from operations used to assess their performance for the periods disclosed.
 
Corporate and Other  — The decline in expenses in 2008 as compared with 2007 is primarily due to (i) lower bonus expense in the current year; (ii) the recognition of approximately $6 million of restructuring charges during the first quarter of 2007 for employee severance and benefit costs; and (iii) a $4 million charge recognized during the first quarter of 2007 due to a settlement reached with one of the states participating in our unclaimed property audits. These cost decreases were partially offset by an increase in advertising costs in the current year.
 
Other Components of Net Income
 
The following table summarizes the other major components of our net income for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30 (dollars in millions):
 
                                                                 
    Three Months
                Six Months
             
    Ended
    Period to
    Ended
    Period to
 
    June 30,     Period
    June 30,     Period
 
    2008     2007     Change     2008     2007     Change  
 
Interest expense
  $ (105 )   $ (132 )   $ 27       (20.5 )%   $ (227 )   $ (267 )   $ 40       (15.0 )%
Interest income
    4       11       (7 )     *       9       29       (20 )     *  
Equity in net earnings (losses) of unconsolidated entities
    (2 )     (22 )     20       *       (4 )     (46 )     42       *  
Minority interest
    (13 )     (11 )     (2 )     18.2       (20 )     (21 )     1       (4.8 )
Other, net
    1       1             *       1       2       (1 )     *  
Provision for income taxes
    199       142       57       *       343       235       108       *  
 
 
Percentage change does not provide a meaningful comparison. Refer to the explanations below for a discussion of the relationship between current period and prior period activity.
 
Interest expense — Although our outstanding debt balances are relatively consistent year-over-year, our interest costs have declined significantly when comparing the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 with the prior year periods. The decrease in interest expense is generally related to (i) the maturity of higher rate debt that we have refinanced at lower interest rates; (ii) a decline in market interest rates, which has reduced the interest expense associated with our interest rate swaps and our variable rate debt; and (iii) the early redemption of $244 million of 8.75% senior notes during the second quarter of 2008, which resulted in the recognition of a credit to interest expense


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of approximately $10 million for the immediate recognition of fair value adjustments associated with terminated interest rate swaps that had been deferred and were being amortized over the life of the debt.
 
Interest income — Decreases in our average cash and investment balances on a year-over-year basis resulted in a decline in interest income when comparing the first half of 2008 with the comparable prior year period. In addition, interest income for the first half of 2007 included $7 million of interest income received in connection with a favorable resolution of a disposal tax matter in our Eastern Group. The favorable resolution of this matter also had a $15 million favorable impact on the disposal fees and taxes component of our “Operating” expenses during the first half of 2007.
 
Equity in net losses of unconsolidated entities — The significant decline in these losses in 2008 as compared with the prior year is due to the expiration of our investments in the two coal-based, synthetic fuel production facilities that have driven our equity losses for the last several years. The equity losses generated by the facilities were more than offset by the tax benefits realized as a result of the investments’ generation of Section 45K tax credits.
 
Provision for income taxes — We recognized a provision for income taxes of $199 million during the second quarter of 2008, representing an effective tax rate of 38.4%, compared with a provision for income taxes of $142 million during the second quarter of 2007, representing a 29.7% effective tax rate. Our effective tax rate for the first half of 2008 was 38.0% compared with 29.0% for the first half of 2007. The significant increase in our provision for income taxes and our effective tax rate in 2008 is primarily due to (i) a decrease in the benefit of Section 45K tax credits due to the expiration of these tax credits at the end of 2007; and (ii) the impact of tax audit settlements. Section 45K tax credits reduced our provision for income taxes by $3 million during the first half of 2008 compared with $58 million during the first half of 2007. The settlement of tax audits reduced our provision for income taxes by $13 million during the first half of 2008 compared with a $27 million reduction of our provision for income taxes during the first half of 2007. The increase in our provision for income taxes when comparing the first half of 2008 with the prior year period is also due to the increase in our pre-tax income.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Summary of Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Trust and Escrow Accounts and Debt Obligations
 
The following is a summary of our cash, restricted trust and escrow accounts and debt balances as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 (dollars in millions):
 
                 
    June 30,
    December 31,
 
    2008     2007  
 
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 210     $ 348  
                 
Restricted trust and escrow accounts:
               
Tax-exempt bond funds
  $ 110     $ 117  
Closure, post-closure and environmental remediation funds
    223       231  
Debt service funds
    48       47  
Other
    10       23  
                 
Total restricted trust and escrow accounts
  $ 391     $ 418  
                 
Debt:
               
Current portion of long-term debt
  $ 435     $ 329  
Long-term debt, less current portion
    7,958       8,008  
                 
Total long-term debt
  $ 8,393     $ 8,337  
                 
Percentage of total debt at variable interest rates
    37 %     34 %
                 
Increase in carrying value of debt due to hedge accounting for interest rate swaps
  $ 52     $ 72  
                 


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Changes in our outstanding debt balances from December 31, 2007 to June 30, 2008 can primarily be attributed to (i) $971 million of cash borrowings, including $594 million in net proceeds from the March 2008 issuance of $600 million of 6.1% senior notes; (ii) the cash repayment of $757 million of outstanding borrowings at their scheduled maturities; (iii) the early redemption of $244 million of 8.75% senior notes with a scheduled maturity in May 2018, that became callable by us in May 2008; (iv) non-cash proceeds from tax-exempt borrowings of $79 million; (v) a $20 million decrease in the carrying value of our debt due to hedge accounting for interest rate swaps; and (vi) the impacts of accounting for other non-cash changes in our balances due to foreign currency translation, interest and capital leases.
 
We have $1.4 billion of scheduled debt maturities during the next twelve months. We have classified $951 million of these borrowings as long-term as of June 30, 2008 based on our intent and ability to refinance these borrowings on a long-term basis.
 
Summary of Cash Flow Activity
 
The following is a summary of our cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30 (in millions):
 
                 
    Six Months
 
    Ended
 
    June 30,  
    2008     2007  
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
  $ 1,131     $ 1,075  
                 
Net cash used in investing activities
  $ (499 )   $ (184 )
                 
Net cash used in financing activities
  $ (771 )   $ (937 )
                 
 
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities — The most significant items affecting the comparison of our operating cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are summarized below:
 
  •  Earnings improvements — Our income from operations, net of depreciation and amortization, and excluding the impact of asset impairments and unusual items, increased by $42 million when comparing the six months ended June 30, 2008 with the comparable prior year period. We have excluded asset impairment and unusual items because the impact on income from operations was primarily a result of a gain recognized in 2007 for the divestiture of collection and transfer operations in our Eastern Group, and any cash flows associated with divestitures is included in cash flows from investing activities. The increase in operating income has positively affected our cash flows from operations in 2008.
 
  •  Changes in accounts payable and accrued liabilities — Although aggregate changes in accounts payable and accrued liabilities did not significantly affect the comparison of our cash flows from operations for the reported periods, the following variances within our operating liabilities did have notable effects on operating cash flows:
 
  •  Accounts payable processes — In 2008, we began various initiatives to improve our working capital management, including reviewing our accounts payable process to ensure vendor payments are made on a basis that results in more optimal cash management. The changes made to the timing of our vendor payments favorably affected the comparison of our cash flow from operations for the six months ended June 30, 2008 with the comparable prior year period.
 
  •  Increased income tax payments — Cash paid for income taxes, net of excess tax benefits associated with equity-based transactions, was approximately $85 million higher in the six months ended June 30, 2008 due to an increase in both our taxable income and our effective tax rate.
 
  •  Decreased interest payments —  Cash paid for interest was approximately $35 million lower in the six months ended June 30, 2008. This decline is due, in part, to a decline in our weighted average borrowing rate, which can be attributed to the maturity of higher rate debt that we refinanced at lower rates and a decline in market interest rates. While we expect the decrease in interest payments associated with the decline in our weighted average borrowing rate to benefit the remainder of 2008, the decrease in cash interest payments during the first six months of 2008 is also due to the timing of scheduled interest


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  payments for the $600 million of senior notes issued in March 2008. The first scheduled interest payment associated with this debt obligation is due in the third quarter of 2008.
 
  •  Changes in receivables — The change in our receivables for the six months ended June 30, 2008 generally reflects the impacts of the seasonal nature of our business, which causes increases in trade receivables due to the higher revenues typical of the second quarter of each year. For the six months ended June 30, 2007, the impact of this general trend on cash flows from operations was more than offset by cash inflows associated with the collection of insurance, financial assurance and other receivables.
 
In July 2008, we received $83 million related to our investments in the synthetic fuel production facilities that provided us with Section 45K tax credits through 2007. Approximately $60 million of the cash received represents amounts that we paid to the facilities during 2006 and 2007 for which we did not ultimately realize a tax benefit, and will be reflected as an operating cash inflow in the third quarter of 2008. The remaining $23 million represents a return of our investment in the facilities, and it will be reflected as an investing cash inflow in the third quarter of 2008.
 
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities — The most significant items affecting the comparison of our investing cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are summarized below:
 
  •  Acquisitions and divestitures — Proceeds from divestitures (net of cash divested) and other sales of assets were $38 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 compared with $216 million in the 2007 period. Our spending on acquisitions increased from $46 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to $127 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008. The decline in proceeds from divestitures and increase in acquisition spending is due to fewer under-performing businesses being for sale in 2008 and the resulting shift in focus to accretive acquisitions and other investments that will contribute to improved future results of operations and enhance and expand our existing service offerings.
 
  •  Purchases and sales of short-term investments — Net sales of short-term investments provided $60 million of cash during the six months ended June 30, 2007, which was used to contribute to the funding of our common stock repurchases, dividend payments and debt repayments. We did not hold any short-term investments at December 31, 2007 or during the first half of 2008.
 
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities — The most significant items affecting the comparison of our financing cash flows for the six-month periods ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are summarized below:
 
  •  Share repurchases and dividend payments — During the first half of 2008, we repurchased 12.2 million shares of our common stock in open market transactions for $403 million. Approximately $2 million of our second quarter 2008 share repurchases was paid in July 2008. We repurchased 19.6 million shares of our common stock for $686 million during the first half of 2007, of which approximately $3 million was paid in July 2007.
 
We paid $266 million in aggregate cash dividends in the first and second quarters of 2008 compared with $251 million in the first and second quarters of 2007. The increase in dividend payments is due to our quarterly per share dividend increasing from $0.24 in 2007 to $0.27 in 2008, partially offset by a reduction in the number of our outstanding shares as a result of our share repurchase program.
 
Share repurchases and dividend payments during the remainder of 2008 will be made at the discretion of the Board of Directors and management, and will depend on various factors, including our net earnings, financial condition, cash required for future acquisitions and other factors the Board may deem relevant.


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  •  Net debt repayments — Net debt repayments were $30 million for the first half of 2008 and net debt repayments were $137 million for the first half of 2007. The following summarizes our most significant cash borrowings and debt repayments made during each six-month period (in millions):
 
                 
    Six Months
 
    Ended
 
    June 30,  
    2008     2007  
 
Borrowings:
               
Revolving credit facility
  $ 50     $  
Canadian credit facility
    327       315  
Senior Notes
    594        
                 
    $ 971     $ 315  
                 
Repayments:
               
Revolving credit facility
  $ (350 )   $  
Canadian credit facility
    (374 )     (349 )
Senior Notes
    (244 )      
Tax exempt bonds
    (4 )     (52 )
Capital leases and other debt
    (29 )     (51 )
                 
    $ (1,001 )   $ (452 )
                 
Net repayments
  $ (30 )   $ (137 )
                 
 
  •  Proceeds and tax benefits from the exercise of options and warrants — The exercise of common stock options and warrants and the related excess tax benefits generated a total of $39 million of financing cash inflows during the first half of 2008, compared with $131 million for the first half of 2007.
 
  •  Change in cash overdraft position — Changes in our cash overdraft position are reflected as “Other” financing activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. There are often significant changes in our overdraft positions at period ends, which are generally attributable to the timing of cash deposits.
 
Liquidity Impacts of Uncertain Tax Positions
 
We have liabilities associated with unrecognized tax benefits and related interest. These liabilities are primarily included as a component of long-term “Other liabilities” in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet because the Company generally does not anticipate that settlement of the liabilities will require payment of cash within the next twelve months. We are not able to reasonably estimate when we would make any cash payments required to settle these liabilities, but do not believe that the ultimate settlement of our obligations will materially affect our liquidity.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We are party to guarantee arrangements with unconsolidated entities as discussed in the Guarantees section of Note 7 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Our third-party guarantee arrangements are generally established to support our financial assurance needs and landfill operations. These arrangements have not materially affected our financial position, results of operations or liquidity during the six months ended June 30, 2008 nor are they expected to have a material impact on our future financial position, results of operations or liquidity.
 
Seasonal Trends and Inflation
 
Our operating revenues tend to be somewhat higher in the summer months, primarily due to the higher volume of construction and demolition waste. The volumes of industrial and residential waste in certain regions where we operate also tend to increase during the summer months. Our second and third quarter revenues and results of operations typically reflect these seasonal trends. Additionally, certain destructive weather conditions that tend to


40


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occur during the second half of the year, such as the hurricanes experienced in 2004 and 2005, can actually increase our revenues in the areas affected. However, for several reasons, including significant start-up costs, such revenue often generates comparatively lower margins. Certain weather conditions may result in the temporary suspension of our operations, which can significantly affect the operating results of the affected regions. The operating results of our first quarter also often reflect higher repair and maintenance expenses because we rely on the slower winter months, when waste flows are generally lower, to perform scheduled maintenance at our waste-to-energy facilities.
 
While inflationary increases in costs, including the cost of fuel, have affected our operating margins in recent periods, we believe that inflation generally has not had, and in the near future is not expected to have, any material adverse effect on our results of operations. However, management’s estimates associated with inflation have had, and will continue to have, an impact on our accounting for landfill and certain environmental remediation liabilities.
 
Item 4.   Controls and Procedures.
 
Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
 
We maintain a set of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC. An evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods required by the SEC, and is accumulated and communicated to management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.
 
Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting
 
Management, together with our CEO and CFO, evaluated the changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2008. We determined that there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2008, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


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PART II.
 
Item 1.   Legal Proceedings.
 
Information regarding our legal proceedings can be found under the “Litigation” section of Note 7, Commitments and Contingencies, to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Item 1A.   Risk Factors.
 
There have been no material changes from risk factors previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 in response to Item 1A to Part I of Form 10-K.
 
Item 2.   Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
 
Our Board of Directors has approved a capital allocation program that provides a maximum of $1,584 million in combined cash dividends and common stock repurchases in 2008. All of the common stock repurchases made in 2008 have been pursuant to this capital allocation program. The following table summarizes our second quarter 2008 activity:
 
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 
                                 
                Total Number of
    Approximate Maximum
 
    Total
          Shares Purchased as
    Dollar Value of Shares
 
    Number of
    Average
    Part of Publicly
    that May yet be
 
    Shares
    Price Paid
    Announced Plans or
    Purchased Under the
 
Period
  Purchased     per Share(a)     Programs     Plans or Programs(b)  
 
April 1 — 30
    2,311,600     $ 34.85       2,311,600     $ 945 Million  
May 1 — 31
    595,000     $ 36.92       595,000     $ 923 Million  
June 1 — 30
    210,418     $ 37.93       210,418     $ 915 Million  
                                 
Total
    3,117,018     $ 35.46       3,117,018          
                                 
 
 
(a) This amount represents the weighted average price paid per share and includes a per share commission paid for all repurchases.
 
(b) For each period presented, the maximum dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the program has been provided net of the $266 million of dividends declared and paid in 2008. However, this amount does not include the impact of dividend payments we expect to make throughout the remainder of 2008 as a result of future dividend declarations. The approximate maximum dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the program is not necessarily an indication of the amount we intend to repurchase during the remainder of the year.
 
Item 4.   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
 
We held our 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders on May 9, 2008 in Houston, Texas. A total of 445,525,934 shares of common stock, which is approximately 90% of the common stock outstanding at that time, were represented either in person or by proxy. The following information summarizes the results of the vote on matters submitted at the 2008 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.


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1. The nine directors listed below were elected until their successors are duly elected and qualified:
 
                         
Directors
  For     Against     Abstain  
 
Pastora San Juan Cafferty
    436,036,001       5,250,059       4,239,874  
Frank M. Clark, Jr. 
    438,800,094       2,385,674       4,339,977  
Patrick W. Gross
    418,271,732       22,845,631       4,408,381  
Thomas I. Morgan
    438,511,895       2,684,325       4,329,313  
John C. Pope
    434,347,788       6,996,245       4,181,500  
W. Robert Reum
    438,752,197       2,443,046       4,330,290  
Steven G. Rothmeier
    434,703,053       6,503,612       4,318,869  
David P. Steiner
    436,666,622       4,672,995       4,186,127  
Thomas H. Weidemeyer
    438,851,306       2,505,647       4,168,581  
 
2. The appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm was ratified:
 
                 
For
    Against   Abstain  
 
  440,808,567     816,891     3,900,475  
 
3. Stockholder’s proposal relating to disclosure of political contributions:
                 
                 
For
    Against   Abstain  
 
  97,744,089     234,734,553     59,231,096  
 
Item 6.   Exhibits.
 
             
Exhibit
       
No.
     
Description
 
  12       Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
  31 .1     Certification Pursuant to Rule 15d — 14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, of David P. Steiner, Chief Executive Officer
  31 .2     Certification Pursuant to Rule 15d — 14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, of Robert G. Simpson, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
  32 .1     Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 of David P. Steiner, Chief Executive Officer
  32 .2     Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 of Robert G. Simpson, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer


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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
  By: 
/s/  ROBERT G. SIMPSON
Robert G. Simpson
Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
 
  By: 
/s/  GREG A. ROBERTSON
Greg A. Robertson
Vice President and
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 
Date: July 29, 2008


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EXHIBIT INDEX
 
             
Exhibit
       
No.
     
Description
 
  12       Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
  31 .1     Certification Pursuant to Rule 15d — 14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, of David P. Steiner, Chief Executive Officer
  31 .2     Certification Pursuant to Rule 15d — 14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, of Robert G. Simpson, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
  32 .1     Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 of David P. Steiner, Chief Executive Officer
  32 .2     Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350 of Robert G. Simpson, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-12 2 h58781exv12.htm COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES exv12
EXHIBIT 12
WASTE MANAGEMENT, INC.
COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
(In Millions, Except Ratios)
(Unaudited)
                 
    Six Months Ended  
    June 30,  
    2008     2007  
Income before income taxes, losses in equity investments and minority interests
  $ 926     $ 883  
 
           
Fixed charges deducted from income:
               
Interest expense
    227       267  
Implicit interest in rents
    19       31  
 
           
 
    246       298  
 
           
Earnings available for fixed charges(a)
  $ 1,172     $ 1,181  
 
           
 
               
Interest expense
  $ 227     $ 267  
Capitalized interest
    8       10  
Implicit interest in rents
    19       31  
 
           
Total fixed charges(a)
  $ 254     $ 308  
 
           
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
    4.6x       3.8x  
 
           
 
(a)   To the extent interest may be assessed by taxing authorities on any underpayment of income tax, such amounts are classified as a component of income tax expense in our Statements of Operations. For purposes of this disclosure, we have elected to exclude interest expense related to income tax matters from our measurements of “Earnings available for fixed charges” and “Total fixed charges” for all periods presented.

 

EX-31.1 3 h58781exv31w1.htm CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 15D-14(A) BY DAVID P. STEINER, CEO exv31w1
EXHIBIT 31.1
SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION
I, David P. Steiner, certify that:
1.   I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of Waste Management, Inc.;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a — 15(e) and 15d — 15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a — 15 (f) and 15d — 15 (f)) for the registrant and have:
  a.   designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
  b.   designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
  c.   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
  d.   disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
  a.   all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
  b.   any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
             
 
  By:   /s/ David P. Steiner
 
   
 
      David P. Steiner    
 
      Chief Executive Officer    
Date: July 29, 2008

 

EX-31.2 4 h58781exv31w2.htm CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO RULE 15D-14(A) BY ROBERT G. SIMPSON, SVP & CFO exv31w2
EXHIBIT 31.2
SECTION 302 CERTIFICATION
I, Robert G. Simpson, certify that:
1.   I have reviewed this report on Form 10-Q of Waste Management, Inc.;
 
2.   Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
 
3.   Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
 
4.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a — 15(e) and 15d — 15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a — 15 (f) and 15d — 15 (f)) for the registrant and have:
  a.   designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
 
  b.   designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
 
  c.   evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
 
  d.   disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.   The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
  a.   all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal controls over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
 
  b.   any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.
             
 
  By:   /s/ Robert G. Simpson
 
   
 
      Robert G. Simpson    
 
      Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer    
Date: July 29, 2008

 

EX-32.1 5 h58781exv32w1.htm CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 1350 BY DAVID P. STEINER, CEO exv32w1
EXHIBIT 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
     In connection with the Quarterly Report of Waste Management, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, David P. Steiner, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
          (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
          (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
             
 
  By:   /s/ David P. Steiner
 
   
 
      David P. Steiner    
 
      Chief Executive Officer    
July 29, 2008

 

EX-32.2 6 h58781exv32w2.htm CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO SECTION 1350 BY ROBERT G. SIMPSON, SVP & CFO exv32w2
EXHIBIT 32.2
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
     In connection with the Quarterly Report of Waste Management, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Robert G. Simpson, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
          (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
          (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
             
 
  By:   /s/ Robert G. Simpson
 
   
 
      Robert G. Simpson    
 
      Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer    
July 29, 2008

 

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