Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

6 Months Ended

Feb. 28, 2023

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities    We enter into various derivative instruments to manage our exposure to movements primarily associated with agricultural and energy commodity prices and, to a lesser degree, foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. Except for certain cash-settled swaps related to future crude oil purchases and refined product sales, which are accounted for as cash flow hedges, our derivative instruments represent economic hedges of price risk for which hedge accounting under ASC Topic 815 is not applied. Rather, the derivative instruments are recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value with changes in fair value being recorded directly to earnings, primarily within cost of goods sold in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 12, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information. The majority of our exchange-traded agricultural commodity futures are settled daily through CHS Hedging, LLC, our wholly-owned FCM.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

The majority of our derivative instruments have not been designated as hedging instruments. The following tables present the gross fair values of derivative assets, derivative liabilities and margin deposits (cash collateral) recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, along with related amounts permitted to be offset in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Although we have certain netting arrangements for our exchange-traded futures and options contracts and certain over-the-counter ("OTC") contracts, we have elected to report our derivative instruments on a gross basis on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets under ASC Topic 210-20, Balance Sheet-Offsetting.

	February 28, 2023
			Amounts Not Offset on Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet but Eligible for Offsetting
	Gross Amount Recognized		Cash Collateral		Derivative Instruments		Net Amount
	(Dollars in thousands)
Derivative assets
Commodity derivatives	$	391,602	$	—	$	8,480	$	383,122
Foreign exchange derivatives	56,962		—		7,274		49,688
Total	$	448,564	$	—	$	15,754	$	432,810
Derivative liabilities
Commodity derivatives	$	288,612	$	1,476	$	8,480	$	278,656
Foreign exchange derivatives	11,256		—		7,274		3,982
Total	$	299,868	$	1,476	$	15,754	$	282,638

	August 31, 2022
			Amounts Not Offset on Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet but Eligible for Offsetting
	Gross Amount Recognized		Cash Collateral		Derivative Instruments		Net Amount
	(Dollars in thousands)
Derivative assets
Commodity derivatives	$	464,167	$	—	$	3,834	$	460,333
Foreign exchange derivatives	52,923		—		8,901		44,022
Total	$	517,090	$	—	$	12,735	$	504,355
Derivative liabilities
Commodity derivatives	$	378,291	$	1,424	$	12,574	$	364,293
Foreign exchange derivatives	12,649		—		8,901		3,748
Total	$	390,940	$	1,424	$	21,475	$	368,041

    Derivative assets and liabilities with maturities of 12 months or less are recorded in other current assets and other current liabilities, respectively, on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Derivative assets and liabilities with maturities greater than 12 months are recorded in other assets and other liabilities, respectively, on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount of long-term derivative assets recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of February 28, 2023, and August 31, 2022, was $2.3 million and $8.5 million, respectively. The amount of long-term derivative liabilities recorded on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of February 28, 2023, and August 31, 2022, was $2.8 million and $4.0 million, respectively.

    The following table sets forth the pretax gains (losses) on derivatives not accounted for as hedging instruments that have been included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended February 28, 2023 and 2022:

		Three Months Ended February 28,				Six Months Ended February 28,
	Location of Gain (Loss)	2023		2022		2023		2022
		(Dollars in thousands)
Commodity derivatives	Cost of goods sold	$	31	$	(612,033)	$	(135,655)	$	(580,435)
Foreign exchange derivatives	Cost of goods sold	17,414		72,785		(2,039)		40,291
Foreign exchange derivatives	Marketing, general and administrative expenses	11		1,697		248		503
Other derivatives	Other income	—		253		—		1,799
Total		$	17,456	$	(537,298)	$	(137,446)	$	(537,842)

Commodity Contracts

    As of February 28, 2023, and August 31, 2022, we had outstanding commodity futures and options contracts that were used as economic hedges, as well as fixed-price forward contracts related to physical purchases and sales of commodities. The table below presents the notional volumes for all outstanding commodity contracts:

	February 28, 2023		August 31, 2022
	Long	Short	Long	Short
	(Units in thousands)
Grain and oilseed (bushels)	660,728	742,227	609,300	773,239
Energy products (barrels)	15,502	11,088	10,541	5,706
Processed grain and oilseed (tons)	2,885	7,114	1,191	4,182
Crop nutrients (tons)	69	25	23	22
Ocean freight (metric tons)	—	—	60	—
Natural gas (metric million Btu)	1,420	—	420	—

Foreign Exchange Contracts

    We conduct a substantial portion of our business in U.S. dollars, but are exposed to risks relating to foreign currency fluctuations, primarily due to global grain marketing transactions in South America, the Asia Pacific region and Europe and purchases of products from Canada. We use foreign currency derivative instruments to mitigate the impact of exchange rate fluctuations. Although we have some risk exposure relating to foreign currency transactions, a larger impact with exchange rate fluctuations is the ability of foreign buyers to purchase U.S. agricultural products and the competitiveness of U.S. agricultural products compared to the same products offered by alternative sources of world supply. The notional amount of our foreign exchange derivative contracts was $1.5 billion and $1.9 billion as of February 28, 2023, and August 31, 2022, respectively.

Derivatives Designated as Cash Flow Hedging Strategies

    Certain pay-fixed, receive-variable, cash-settled swaps are designated as cash flow hedges of future crude oil purchases in our Energy segment. We also designate certain pay-variable, receive-fixed, cash-settled swaps as cash flow hedges of future refined energy product sales. These hedging instruments and the related hedged items are exposed to significant market price risk and potential volatility. As part of our risk management strategy, we look to hedge a portion of our expected future crude oil needs and the resulting refined product output based on prevailing futures prices, management's expectations about future commodity price changes and our risk appetite. We may also elect to dedesignate certain derivative instruments previously designated as cash flow hedges as part of our risk management strategy. Amounts recorded in other comprehensive income for these dedesignated derivative instruments remain in other comprehensive income and are recognized in earnings in the period in which the underlying transactions affect earnings. As of February 28, 2023, and August 31, 2022, the aggregate notional amounts of cash flow hedges were 1.8 million and 3.8 million barrels, respectively.

    The following table presents the fair value of our commodity derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges and the locations on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets in which they are recorded:

	Derivative Assets					Derivative Liabilities
Balance Sheet Location	February 28, 2023		August 31, 2022		Balance Sheet Location	February 28, 2023		August 31, 2022
	(Dollars in thousands)					(Dollars in thousands)
Other current assets	$	7,167	$	27,154	Other current liabilities	$	590	$	11,818

    The following table presents the pretax gains (losses) recorded in other comprehensive income relating to cash flow hedges for the three and six months ended February 28, 2023 and 2022:

	Three Months Ended February 28,				Six Months Ended February 28,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
	(Dollars in thousands)
Commodity derivatives	$	20,830	$	(1,977)	$	(8,759)	$	(15,273)

    The following table presents the pretax (losses) gains relating to our existing cash flow hedges that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended February 28, 2023 and 2022:

		Three Months Ended February 28,				Six Months Ended February 28,
	Location of Gain (Loss)	2023		2022		2023		2022
		(Dollars in thousands)
Commodity derivatives	Cost of goods sold	$	(9,129)	$	5,005	$	(16,058)	$	18,259