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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION AND EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION PLAN
In 1992 the Company adopted an equity incentive plan (the "1992 Plan"), which provided for a variety of incentive awards, including stock options, and in 2000, the Company adopted a stock incentive plan (the "2000 Plan"), which provided for awards in the form of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, performance stock awards and common stock awards. The 1992 Plan expired on March 15, 2002, but there were outstanding on December 31, 2011 options granted under the 1992 Plan for an aggregate of 6,000 shares, which will remain in effect until such options are either exercised or expire in accordance with their terms. The 2000 Plan expired on April 15, 2010, but there were outstanding on December 31, 2011 options granted under the 2000 Plan for an aggregate of 138,698 shares which will remain in effect until such options are either exercised or expire in accordance with their terms.
In 2010, the Company adopted an equity incentive plan (the "2010 Plan"), which provides for awards of up to 6,000,000 shares of Common Stock (subject to certain anti-dilution adjustments) in the form of (i) stock options, (ii) stock appreciation rights, (iii) restricted stock, (iv) restricted stock units, and (v) certain other stock-based awards.
As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company had the following types of stock-based compensation awards outstanding under the 1992 Plan, the 2000 Plan and the 2010 Plan: stock options, restricted stock awards and performance stock awards. The stock options generally become exercisable up to five years from the date of grant, subject to certain employment requirements, and terminate ten years from the date of grant. The restricted stock awards generally vest over three to five years subject to continued employment. The performance stock awards vest depending on the satisfaction of certain performance criteria as described below.
Total stock-based compensation cost charged to income from operations for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $8.2 million, $7.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively. The total income tax benefit recognized in the consolidated statements of income from stock-based compensation was $2.4 million, $2.7 million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Stock Option Awards
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value the compensation expense associated with its stock option awards based on the assumptions in the following table. In addition, the Company estimates forfeitures when recognizing compensation expense, and adjusts its estimate of forfeitures over the requisite service period based on the extent to which actual forfeitures differ, or are expected to differ, from such estimates. Changes in estimated forfeitures are recognized through a cumulative catch-up adjustment in the period of change and also impact the amount of compensation expense to be recognized in future periods. The expected forfeiture rates used to calculate compensation expense were 5% for non-executive employees and 4% for executives and directors.
The Company ceased issuing stock option awards in May 2008 and as of December 31, 2011, all remaining options then outstanding had vested.
The following table summarizes activity under the Plans relating to stock options:
Stock Options
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted Average
Exercise Price
 
Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Term
(in years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
as of 12/31/11
(in thousands)
Outstanding at January 1, 2011
221,148

 
$
14.16

 
2.70

 
$
6,165

Forfeited
(5,000
)
 
6.49

 
 

 
 

Exercised
(71,450
)
 
18.85

 
 

 
 

Outstanding, exercisable and vested at December 31, 2011
144,698

 
$
12.12

 
2.32

 
$
7,468


As of December 31, 2011, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to stock option awards under the Company's stock incentive plans. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $2.1 million, $2.8 million, and $1.2 million, respectively.
Restricted Stock Awards
The following information relates to restricted stock awards that have been granted to employees and directors under the Company's stock incentive plans. The restricted stock awards are not transferable until vested and the restrictions generally lapse upon the achievement of continued employment over a three-to-five-year period or service as a director until the following annual meeting of shareholders.
The fair value of each restricted stock grant is based on the closing price of the Company's stock on the date of grant and is amortized to expense over its vesting period. The expected forfeiture rates used to calculated compensation expense were 5% for non-executive employees and 4% for executives and directors.
The following table summarizes information about restricted stock awards for the year ended December 31, 2011:
Restricted Stock
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Unvested at January 1, 2011
161,618

 
$
29.03

Granted
205,671

 
50.67

Vested
(58,238
)
 
29.39

Unvested at December 31, 2011
309,051

 
$
43.36


As of December 31, 2011, there was $10.6 million of total unrecognized compensation cost arising from restricted stock awards under the Company's stock incentive plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 4.0 years. The total fair value of restricted stock vested during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $3.7 million, $1.4 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
Performance Stock Awards
The following information relates to performance stock awards that have been granted to employees under the Company's stock incentive plans. Generally, performance stock awards are subject to performance criteria such as predetermined revenue and EBITDA margin for a specified period of time. The vesting of the performance stock awards is based on achieving such targets and also includes continued service conditions.
The fair value of each performance stock award is based on the closing price of the Company's stock on the date of grant and is amortized to expense over the service period if achievement of performance measures is then considered probable. The expected forfeiture rates used to calculated compensation expense were 5% for employees and 4% for executives and directors.
For the performance stock awards granted in 2011 the Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors established two-year performance targets which could potentially be achieved in either 2011 or 2012 . Based on the Company's performance during 2011, management determined that those performance targets had been achieved and the Company therefore recognized cumulative expense through sales, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2011 with respect to the performance stock awards granted in 2011.
For the performance stock awards granted in 2010, the Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors established two-year performance targets which could potentially be achieved in either 2010 or 2011. Based on the Company's performance during 2010, management determined that those performance targets had been achieved and the Company therefore recognized cumulative expense through sales, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2011 with respect to the performance stock awards granted in 2010.
For the performance awards granted in 2009, the Compensation Committee established two-year performance targets which could potentially be achieved in either 2009 or 2010. Prior to the second quarter of 2010, the Company's management believed that it was not then probable that the performance targets would be achieved in either 2009 or 2010 and the Company therefore recorded no compensation expense during 2009. Based on the Company's performance during 2010, management determined that the performance targets for the 2009 performance awards had been achieved during 2010, and the Company therefore recognized cumulative expense through sales, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2011 with respect to the performance stock awards granted in 2009.
The following table summarizes information about performance stock awards for the year ended December 31, 2011:
Performance Stock
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Unvested at January 1, 2011
307,510

 
$
25.60

Granted
73,499

 
50.87

Vested
(263,386
)
 
26.03

Forfeited
(4,700
)
 
25.00

Unvested at December 31, 2011
112,923

 
$
41.09


As of December 31, 2011, there was $1.9 million of total unrecognized compensation cost arising from non-vested compensation related to performance stock awards probable of vesting under the Company's stock incentive plans that will be recognized over the next year. The total fair value of performance awards vested during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $16.8 million, $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In May of 1995, the Company's stockholders approved an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP"), which is a qualified employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, through which employees of the Company are given the opportunity to purchase shares of common stock. Under the ESPP, a total of two million shares of common stock were originally reserved for offering to employees, in quarterly offerings of 100,000 shares each plus any shares not issued in any previous quarter, commencing on July 1, 1995 and on the first day of each quarter thereafter. In 2005, the Company's stockholders approved an increase of one million in the maximum number of shares which can be issued under the ESPP. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had reserved 659,794 shares of common stock available for purchase under the ESPP. Employees who elect to participate in an offering may utilize up to 10% of their payroll for the purchase of common stock at 85% of the closing price of the stock on the first day of such quarterly offering or, if lower, 85% of the closing price on the last day of the offering. Due to the discount of 15% offered to employees for purchase of shares under the ESPP, the Company considers such plan as compensatory. The weighted average per share fair values of the purchase rights granted under the ESPP during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $8.45 and $10.77, respectively.
Common Stock Awards
In the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company did not issue any shares of common stock without restrictions under the Company's 2010 Plan. In the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company issued under the Company's 2000 Plan 3,500 shares of common stock at a weighted average grant-date fair value of $32.64 which vested immediately.
Employee Participation Plan
Prior to the Company's acquisition of Eveready on July 31, 2009, Eveready's predecessor had established an employee participation plan (the "Participation Plan") under which employees were offered an opportunity to purchase at the then market price up to a specified number of the predecessor's units ("Purchased Units") from the predecessor's treasury. For each employee who elected to participate (a "Participant"), Eveready's predecessor matched the Purchased Units with an equal number of units ("Matching Units") purchased on the open market and deposited the Matching Units into a trust (the "Trust"), with 20% of the Matching Units vesting each December 31 from 2007 through 2011 provided the Participant remained employed by Eveready's predecessor at the vesting date. Participants had the option to finance the Purchased Units with a loan from Bank of Montreal (a "BMO loan"), which carried an annual interest rate of LIBOR plus 0.5% for a term of 10 years with payment commencing in year six, secured by both the Purchased and the Matching Units. Upon the conversion of Eveready's predecessor into Eveready effective December 31, 2008, the Purchased Units held by Participants and Matching Units held by the Trust were converted (on the same ratio as other outstanding units) into Eveready common shares.
When the Company acquired Eveready on July 31, 2009, the Eveready common shares held both by Participants and by the Trust were exchanged for cash and shares of the Company's common stock on the same terms as other outstanding Eveready common shares. The Matching Units assigned to employees that were active at the acquisition date were exchanged for 46 thousand shares of the Company's common stock, and such common shares continued to be held in the Trust and vest according to the original vesting schedule. The Company had also agreed with its employees who were Participants in the Participation Plan to pay a cash bonus (a "Shortfall Bonus") to each such employee who remained employed by the Company on December 31, 2011 (or whose employment was involuntarily terminated by the Company in connection with the acquisition) to the extent (if any) that on December 31, 2011 there was a shortfall between (i) the amount which such employee originally paid for Purchased Units and (ii) the aggregate of (x) the market value on December 31, 2011 (but not less than $24.00 per Company share) of the Company's shares derived from the Purchased Units and Matching Units held by such employee and (y) the cash portion of the acquisition consideration received for such employee's Eveready shares as described above. To the extent that any such employee had an outstanding BMO loan balance on December 31, 2011, the amount of any such Shortfall Bonus (net of withholding taxes) would first be applied against such outstanding loan balance, with the remainder (if any) of such net bonus paid to the employee. Based on the market value of $63.73 per share of the Company's common stock on December 31, 2011, the maximum amount of such Shortfall Bonus was zero on December 31, 2011.
The Company classified the Participation Plan as an equity award and recognized compensation expense of $0.2 million and $0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Compensation cost for the period was based on the change or a portion of the change, depending on the percentage of the requisite service that has been rendered at the reporting date, in the fair value of the potential Shortfall Bonus.
On the final vesting date of December 31, 2011, 9,092 shares vested and during 2011, 1,102 shares were forfeited and continued to be held by the Trust. As of December 31, 2011, there was no remaining unrecognized compensation cost arising from any unvested shares in the Trust.