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Income Tax Income Tax Disclosure
6 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Tax Disclosure INCOME TAXES
The Company’s effective tax rate varies from the federal statutory rate primarily due to state and local taxes, R&D tax credit, foreign-derived intangible income deduction, and tax-exempt insurance premiums. The Company’s effective tax rates were as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
July 31,
2020
July 31,
2019
July 31,
2020
July 31,
2019
Effective tax rate10.8 %20.0 %2.2 %15.5 %
The decrease in the effective tax rate year-over-year was driven primarily by an increase in the R&D tax credit as a percentage of estimated pre-tax income in the current fiscal year.

The Company's discrete tax benefit (expense) was as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
July 31,
2020
July 31,
2019
July 31,
2020
July 31,
2019
Discrete tax benefit (expense)$(54)$22 $277 $1,190 
The Company operates both domestically and internationally. As of July 31, 2020, undistributed earnings from the Company's foreign subsidiaries were considered to have been reinvested indefinitely.