Risk Management Activities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Risk Management Activities

Risk Management Activities

Commodity Price Transactions.  EOG engages in price risk management activities from time to time.  These activities are intended to manage EOG's exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices for crude oil, NGLs and natural gas.  EOG utilizes financial commodity derivative instruments, primarily price swap, option, swaption, collar and basis swap contracts, as a means to manage this price risk. 

During 2023, 2022 and 2021, EOG elected not to designate any of its financial commodity derivative contracts as accounting hedges and, accordingly, accounted for these financial commodity derivative contracts using the mark-to-market accounting method.  Under this accounting method, changes in the fair value of outstanding financial instruments are recognized as gains or losses in the period of change and are recorded as Gains (Losses) on Mark-to-Market Financial Commodity Derivative Contracts, Net on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.  The related cash flow impact is reflected in Cash Flows from Operating Activities.  During 2023, 2022 and 2021, EOG recognized net gains (losses) on the mark-to-market of financial commodity derivative contracts of $818 million, $(3,982) million and $(1,152) million, respectively, which included net cash payments for settlements of crude oil, NGLs and natural gas financial derivative contracts of $(112) million, $(3,501) million and $(638) million, respectively.

Presented below is a comprehensive summary of EOG's financial commodity derivative contracts settled during the year ended December 31, 2023 (closed) and remaining for 2024 and thereafter, as of December 31, 2023. Crude oil volumes are presented in MBbld and prices are presented in $/Bbl. Natural gas volumes are presented in MMBtu per day (MMBtud) and prices are presented in dollars per MMBtu ($/MMBtu).

Crude Oil Financial Price Swap Contracts
		Contracts Sold			Contracts Purchased
Period	Settlement Index	Volume (MBbld)	Weighted Average Price ($/Bbl)		Volume (MBbld)	Weighted Average Price ($/Bbl)
January - March 2023 (closed)	NYMEX WTI	95	$	67.90	6	$	102.26
April - May 2023 (closed)	NYMEX WTI	91	67.63		2	98.15
June 2023 (closed)	NYMEX WTI	2	69.10		2	98.15

Natural Gas Financial Price Swap Contracts
		Contracts Sold
Period	Settlement Index	Volume (MMBtud in thousands)	Weighted Average Price ($/MMBtu)
January 2023 - December 2023 (closed)	NYMEX Henry Hub	300	$	3.36
January 2024 (closed)	NYMEX Henry Hub	725	3.07
February - December 2024	NYMEX Henry Hub	725	3.07
January - December 2025	NYMEX Henry Hub	725	3.07

Natural Gas Basis Swap Contracts
		Contracts Sold
Period	Settlement Index	Volume (MMBtud in thousands)	Weighted Average Price Differential ($/MMBtu)
January - December 2023 (closed)	NYMEX Henry Hub Houston Ship Channel (HSC) Differential (1)	135	$	0.01
January - December 2024	NYMEX Henry Hub HSC Differential	10	0.00
January - December 2025	NYMEX Henry Hub HSC Differential	10	0.00

(1)    This settlement index is used to fix the differential between pricing at the Houston Ship Channel and NYMEX Henry Hub prices.

Financial Commodity Derivatives Location on Balance Sheet. The following table sets forth the amounts and classification of EOG's outstanding derivative financial instruments at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.  Certain amounts may be presented on a net basis on the consolidated financial statements when such amounts are with the same counterparty and subject to a master netting arrangement (in millions):

		Fair Value at December 31,
Description	Location on Balance Sheet	2023		2022
Asset Derivatives
Crude oil, NGLs and natural gas financial derivative contracts -
Current portion	Assets from Price Risk Management (1)	$	106	$	—
Liability Derivatives
Crude oil, NGLs and natural gas financial derivative contracts -
Current portion	Liabilities from Price Risk Management Activities	$	—	$	169
Noncurrent Portion	Other Liabilities (2)	103		371

(1)    The current portion of Assets from Price Risk Management Activities consists of gross assets of $106 million at December 31, 2023.

(2)    The noncurrent portion of Liabilities from Price Risk Management Activities consists of gross liabilities of $104 million, partially offset by gross assets of $1 million, at December 31, 2023.

Credit Risk.  Notional contract amounts are used to express the magnitude of a financial derivative.  The amounts potentially subject to credit risk, in the event of nonperformance by the counterparties, are equal to the fair value of such contracts (see Note 13).  EOG evaluates its exposure to significant counterparties on an ongoing basis, including those arising from physical and financial transactions.  In some instances, EOG renegotiates payment terms and/or requires collateral, parent guarantees or letters of credit to minimize credit risk. 

At December 31, 2023, EOG's net accounts receivable balance related to United States hydrocarbon sales included three receivable balances, each of which accounted for more than 10% of the total balance.  The receivables were due from three petroleum refinery companies. The related amounts were collected during early 2024. At December 31, 2022, EOG's net accounts receivable balance related to United States hydrocarbon sales included one receivable balance which accounted for more than 10% of the total balance.  The receivable was due from a petroleum refinery company.  The related amount was collected during early 2023.

In 2023 and 2022, all natural gas from EOG's Trinidad operations was sold to the National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago Limited and its subsidiary. In 2023 and 2022, all crude oil and condensate from EOG's Trinidad operations was sold to Heritage Petroleum Company Limited.

All of EOG's financial derivative instruments are covered by International Swap Dealers Association Master Agreements (ISDAs) with counterparties.  The ISDAs may contain provisions that (i) require EOG, if it is the party in a net liability position, to post collateral with the counterparty when the amount of the net liability exceeds the threshold level specified for EOG's then-current credit ratings or (ii) require the counterparty, if it is in a net liability position, to post collateral with EOG when the amount of the net liability exceeds the threshold level specified for the counterparty's then-current credit ratings. In addition, the ISDAs may also provide that as a result of certain circumstances, including certain events that cause EOG's credit ratings to become materially weaker than its then-current ratings, the counterparty may require all outstanding financial derivatives under the ISDA to be settled immediately.  See Note 13 for the aggregate fair value of all financial derivative instruments that were in a net liability position at December 31, 2023 and 2022.  EOG had no collateral posted or held at December 31, 2023 and had $324 million of collateral posted and no collateral held at December 31, 2022.

Substantially all of EOG's accounts receivable at December 31, 2023 and 2022 resulted from hydrocarbon sales and/or joint interest billings to third-party companies, including foreign state-owned entities in the oil and gas industry.  This concentration of customers and joint interest owners may impact EOG's overall credit risk, either positively or negatively, in that these entities may be similarly affected by changes in economic or other conditions.  In determining whether or not to require collateral or other credit enhancements from a customer, EOG typically analyzes the entity's net worth, cash flows, earnings and credit ratings.  Receivables are generally not collateralized.  During the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, credit losses incurred on receivables by EOG have been immaterial.