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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2012
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
(6)       Income Taxes

The effective tax rate in the second quarter of 2012 was 22.5% compared to 28.7% in the second quarter of 2011.  The effective tax rate in the first six months of 2012 was 23.1% compared to 31.1% in the first six months of 2011.  The effective tax rates for the second quarter and the first six months of 2012 improved due to an increase in profitability in the U.S. where the Company is able to utilize tax attributes to offset domestic tax expense.  The Company's effective tax rate has been and is expected to remain highly sensitive to the geographic mix of income.

In 2009, a subsidiary of the Company was examined by a European tax authority, who challenged the business purpose of the deductibility of certain intercompany transactions from 2003, and issued two formal assessments against the subsidiary.  In 2010, the Company filed an appeal to litigate the matter.  The first court date related to this matter was held in 2011, after which the court issued its ruling in favor of the Company.  However, this ruling has been appealed by the tax authorities and only applies to the smaller of the two assessments made by the authorities related to this matter.  The first court date for the larger of the two assessments is scheduled for September 2012.  The Company still believes this dispute to be in the early stages of the judicial process since any ruling reached by any of the courts may be appealed, and as such the final date of resolution and outcome of this matter are uncertain at this time.  However, within the next twelve months it is possible that factors such as new developments, settlements or judgments require the Company to increase its reserve for unrecognized tax benefits by up to approximately $8,000 or decrease its reserve by approximately $5,200, including interest and penalties.  If the court rules against the Company in subsequent court proceedings, an approximate payment of between $6,000 and $9,000, including interest and penalties, will be due immediately while the case is appealed. The Company has analyzed these issues in accordance with guidance on uncertain tax positions and believes at this time that its reserves are adequate, and intends to vigorously defend itself.  During the first quarter of 2012, the tax authorities completed a general examination of the subsidiary's 2008 tax return, and issued a small assessment against the subsidiary.  The assessment, which had already been provided for in the Company's reserves, was settled in April 2012.

Tax years 2007 and forward in the U.S. are open to examination by the IRS.  The Company is also subject to examinations in its non-U.S. jurisdictions for 2006 and later years.

The Company is also subject to audits in various states in which it has filed income tax returns.  In the majority of states where the Company files, the Company is subject to examinations for tax years 2007 and forward.  Previous state audits have resulted in immaterial adjustments.