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Investments
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Investments [Abstract]  
Investments Investments
The following is a summary of Ameriprise Financial investments:
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
(in millions)
Available-for-Sale securities, at fair value
$44,883 $40,811 
Mortgage loans (allowance for credit losses: 2023, $13; 2022, $12)
1,997 1,987 
Policy loans861 847 
Other investments (allowance for credit losses: 2023, $6; 2022, $5)
867 879 
Total$48,608 $44,524 
Other investments primarily reflect the Company’s interests in affordable housing partnerships, trading securities, equity securities, seed money investments in proprietary funds, syndicated loans, credit card receivables and certificates of deposit with original or remaining maturities at the time of purchase of more than 90 days.
The following is a summary of Net investment income:
Three Months Ended March 31,
2023
2022
(in millions)
Investment income on fixed maturities$571 $214 
Net realized gains (losses)20 
Affordable housing partnerships(9)(15)
Consolidated investment entities42 19 
Other90 23 
Total$698 $261 
Available-for-Sale securities distributed by type were as follows:
March 31, 2023
Description of Securities
Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesAllowance for Credit LossesFair Value
 (in millions)
Corporate debt securities$10,868 $287 $(622)$(23)$10,510 
Residential mortgage backed securities18,852 58 (1,247)— 17,663 
Commercial mortgage backed securities6,859 12 (406)— 6,465 
Asset backed securities7,366 11 (133)— 7,244 
State and municipal obligations769 73 (20)(2)820 
U.S. government and agency obligations2,135 — — 2,136 
Foreign government bonds and obligations30 — (2)— 28 
Other securities 17 — — — 17 
Total$46,896 $442 $(2,430)$(25)$44,883 
Description of SecuritiesDecember 31, 2022
Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesAllowance for Credit LossesFair Value
(in millions)
Corporate debt securities$10,361 $180 $(823)$(20)$9,698 
Residential mortgage backed securities17,056 37 (1,390)— 15,703 
Commercial mortgage backed securities6,648 (439)— 6,212 
Asset backed securities6,408 14 (158)— 6,264 
State and municipal obligations773 53 (27)(2)797 
U.S. government and agency obligations2,079 (1)— 2,079 
Foreign government bonds and obligations43 — (2)— 41 
Other securities16 — — 17 
Total$43,384 $289 $(2,840)$(22)$40,811 
As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, accrued interest of $262 million and $237 million, respectively, is excluded from the amortized cost basis of Available-for-Sale securities in the tables above and is recorded in Receivables.
As of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, investment securities with a fair value of $3.3 billion were pledged to meet contractual obligations under derivative contracts and short-term borrowings, of which $175 million and $302 million, respectively, may be sold, pledged or rehypothecated by the counterparty.
As of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, fixed maturity securities comprised approximately 92% of Ameriprise Financial investments. Rating agency designations are based on the availability of ratings from Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (“NRSROs”), including Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”), Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) and Fitch Ratings Ltd. (“Fitch”). The Company uses the median of available ratings from Moody’s, S&P and Fitch, or if fewer than three ratings are available, the lower rating is used. When ratings from Moody’s, S&P and Fitch are unavailable, the Company may utilize ratings from other NRSROs or rate the securities internally. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s internal analysts rated $422 million and $270 million, respectively, of securities using criteria similar to those used by NRSROs.
A summary of fixed maturity securities by rating was as follows:
Ratings
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Amortized CostFair ValuePercent of Total Fair ValueAmortized CostFair ValuePercent of Total Fair Value
 (in millions, except percentages)
AAA$33,517 $31,827 71 %$30,900 $28,980 71 %
AA1,420 1,470 1,219 1,249 
A2,303 2,369 2,080 2,097 
BBB9,051 8,661 20 8,524 7,890 19 
Below investment grade (1)
605 556 661 595 
Total fixed maturities$46,896 $44,883 100 %$43,384 $40,811 100 %
(1) The amortized cost and fair value of below investment grade securities includes interest in non-consolidated CLOs managed by the Company of $1 million and $1 million, respectively, as of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. These securities are not rated but are included in below investment grade due to their risk characteristics.
As of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, approximately 30% of securities rated AAA were GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC mortgage backed securities, respectively. No holdings of any issuer were greater than 10% of the Company’s total shareholder’s equity as of both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
The following tables summarize the fair value and gross unrealized losses on Available-for-Sale securities, aggregated by major investment type and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for which no allowance for credit losses has been recorded:
Description of SecuritiesMarch 31, 2023
Less than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
Number of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses Number of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized LossesNumber of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
 (in millions, except number of securities)
Corporate debt securities270 $3,759 $(155)244 $2,960 $(467)514 $6,719 $(622)
Residential mortgage backed securities350 6,373 (167)486 7,418 (1,080)836 13,791 (1,247)
Commercial mortgage backed securities98 1,936 (37)243 3,571 (369)341 5,507 (406)
Asset backed securities101 2,357 (21)87 2,745 (112)188 5,102 (133)
State and municipal obligations17 72 (5)51 110 (15)68 182 (20)
Foreign government bonds and obligations17 (1)10 (1)27 (2)
Total843 $14,514 $(386)1,113 $16,814 $(2,044)1,956 $31,328 $(2,430)
Description of SecuritiesDecember 31, 2022
Less than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
Number of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized LossesNumber of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized LossesNumber of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
(in millions, except number of securities)
Corporate debt securities457 $5,782 $(458)108 $1,575 $(365)565 $7,357 $(823)
Residential mortgage backed securities589 9,407 (577)244 4,076 (813)833 13,483 (1,390)
Commercial mortgage backed securities249 3,857 (220)101 1,802 (219)350 5,659 (439)
Asset backed securities145 4,413 (86)31 977 (72)176 5,390 (158)
State and municipal obligations48 134 (16)27 60 (11)75 194 (27)
U.S. government and agency obligations13 566 (1)— — — 13 566 (1)
Foreign government bonds and obligations11 37 (2)— 12 38 (2)
Total1,512 $24,196 $(1,360)512 $8,491 $(1,480)2,024 $32,687 $(2,840)
As part of the Company’s ongoing monitoring process, management determined that the decrease in total gross unrealized losses on its Available-for-Sale securities for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023 is primarily attributable to the impact of lower interest rates partially offset by wider credit spreads given ongoing market volatility with no specific credit concerns. As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not recognize these unrealized losses in earnings because it was determined that such losses were due to non-credit factors. The Company does not intend to sell these securities and does not believe that it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost basis. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, approximately 96% and 95%, respectively, of the total of Available-for-Sale securities with gross unrealized losses were considered investment grade.
The following table presents rollforwards of the allowance for credit losses on Available-for-Sale securities:
Corporate Debt SecuritiesState and Municipal ObligationsTotal
(in millions)
Balance at January 1, 2023
$20 $$22 
Additional increases (decreases) on securities that had an allowance recorded in a previous period— 
Charge-offs— — — 
Balance at March 31, 2023
$23 $$25 
Balance at January 1, 2022
$— $$
Charge-offs— — — 
Balance at March 31, 2022
$$$
Net realized gains and losses on Available-for-Sale securities, determined using the specific identification method, recognized in Net investment income were as follows:
 
Three Months Ended March 31,
2023
2022
(in millions)
Gross realized investment gains$10 $20 
Gross realized investment losses(2)— 
Credit losses(3)— 
Other impairments(2)— 
Total$$20 
Credit losses for three months ended March 31, 2023 related to recording an allowance for credit losses on a corporate debt security in the communications industry. Other impairments for the three months ended March 31, 2023 related to Available-for-Sale securities which the Company intends to sell.
See Note 16 for rollforwards of net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in AOCI.
Available-for-Sale securities by contractual maturity as of March 31, 2023 were as follows:
Amortized CostFair Value
(in millions)
Due within one year$2,864$2,859
Due after one year through five years2,5912,533
Due after five years through 10 years3,6923,308
Due after 10 years4,6724,811
 13,81913,511
Residential mortgage backed securities18,85217,663
Commercial mortgage backed securities6,8596,465
Asset backed securities7,3667,244
Total$46,896$44,883
Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Residential mortgage backed securities, commercial mortgage backed securities and asset backed securities are not due at a single maturity date. As such, these securities were not included in the maturities distribution.