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Investments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investments
September 30, 2020December 31, 2019
(in millions)
Available-for-Sale securities, at fair value (net of allowance for credit losses: 2020, $14)
$35,959 $33,129 
Mortgage loans, net (net of allowance for credit losses: 2020, $29; 2019, $19)
2,770 2,778 
Policy loans849 868 
Other investments (net of allowance for credit losses: 2020, $13; 2019, $5)
1,159 1,140 
Total$40,737 $37,915 
Other investments primarily reflect the Company’s interests in affordable housing partnerships, trading securities, seed money investments, syndicated loans, credit card receivables and certificates of deposit with original or remaining maturities at the time of purchase of more than 90 days.
The following is a summary of net investment income:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020201920202019
(in millions)
Investment income on fixed maturities$275 $349 $887 $1,046 
Net realized gains (losses)(1)(10)(18)(1)(6)
Affordable housing partnerships(14)(26)(50)(58)
Other13 19 58 67 
Consolidated investment entities22 24 56 72 
Total$300 $356 $933 $1,121 
(1) Includes the change in the allowance for credit losses of $(2) million and $(30) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.
Available-for-Sale securities distributed by type were as follows:
September 30, 2020
Description of Securities
Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesAllowance for Credit LossesFair Value
 (in millions)
Corporate debt securities$11,402 $1,667 $(34)$(13)$13,022 
Residential mortgage backed securities10,071 194 (7)— 10,258 
Commercial mortgage backed securities6,016 235 (39)— 6,212 
Asset backed securities3,053 48 (12)(1)3,088 
State and municipal obligations1,091 290 (1)— 1,380 
U.S. government and agency obligations1,680 — — — 1,680 
Foreign government bonds and obligations250 19 (2)— 267 
Other securities 51 — — 52 
Total$33,614 $2,454 $(95)$(14)$35,959 
Description of SecuritiesDecember 31, 2019
Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
 (in millions)
Corporate debt securities$10,847 $1,344 $(4)$12,187 
Residential mortgage backed securities9,954 94 (19)10,029 
Commercial mortgage backed securities5,473 96 (6)5,563 
Asset backed securities1,968 42 (4)2,006 
State and municipal obligations1,131 238 (2)1,367 
U.S. government and agency obligations1,679 — 1,680 
Foreign government bonds and obligations254 19 (2)271 
Other securities26 — — 26 
Total$31,332 $1,834 $(37)$33,129 
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, accrued interest of $190 million and $177 million, respectively, is excluded from the amortized cost basis of Available-for-Sale securities in the tables above and is recorded in receivables on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, investment securities with a fair value of $3.8 billion and $2.2 billion, respectively, were pledged to meet contractual obligations under derivative contracts and short-term borrowings, of which $483 million and $576 million, respectively, may be sold, pledged or rehypothecated by the counterparty.
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, fixed maturity securities comprised approximately 88% and 87%, respectively, of Ameriprise Financial investments. Rating agency designations are based on the availability of ratings from Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (“NRSROs”), including Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”), Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) and Fitch Ratings Ltd. (“Fitch”). The Company uses the median of available ratings from Moody’s, S&P and Fitch, or, if fewer than three ratings are available, the lower rating is used. When ratings from Moody’s, S&P and Fitch are unavailable, the Company may utilize ratings from other NRSROs or rate the securities internally. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company’s internal analysts rated $706 million and $624 million, respectively, of securities using criteria similar to those used by NRSROs.
A summary of fixed maturity securities by rating was as follows:
Ratings
September 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Amortized CostFair ValuePercent of Total Fair ValueAmortized CostFair ValuePercent of Total Fair Value
 (in millions, except percentages)
AAA$20,156 $20,563 57 %$18,256 $18,437 56 %
AA1,120 1,359 1,113 1,304 
A2,905 3,459 3,008 3,474 10 
BBB7,841 8,923 25 8,178 9,102 28 
Below investment grade (1)
1,592 1,655 777 812 
Total fixed maturities$33,614 $35,959 100 %$31,332 $33,129 100 %
(1) The amortized cost and fair value of below investment grade securities includes interest in CLOs managed by the Company of $4 million and $2 million, respectively, as of September 30, 2020, and $5 million and $6 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2019. These securities are not rated but are included in below investment grade due to their risk characteristics.
As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, approximately 34% and 45%, respectively, of securities rated AAA were GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC mortgage backed securities. No holdings of any issuer were greater than 10% of total equity.
The following tables provide information about Available-for-Sale securities with gross unrealized losses and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
Description of SecuritiesSeptember 30, 2020
Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
Number of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses Number of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses Number of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
 (in millions, except number of securities)
Corporate debt securities
76 $817 $(29)16 $24 $(5)92 $841 $(34)
Residential mortgage backed securities
93 1,677 (5)73 434 (2)166 2,111 (7)
Commercial mortgage backed securities
49 1,190 (24)18 326 (15)67 1,516 (39)
Asset backed securities
53 932 (8)11 184 (4)64 1,116 (12)
State and municipal obligations
14 (1)— 18 (1)
Foreign government bonds and obligations
25 (1)10 10 (1)16 35 (2)
Total
281 $4,655 $(68)129 $982 $(27)410 $5,637 $(95)
Description of SecuritiesDecember 31, 2019
Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
Number of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized LossesNumber of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized LossesNumber of SecuritiesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
 
(in millions, except number of securities)
Corporate debt securities
13 $66 $(1)23 $173 $(3)36 $239 $(4)
Residential mortgage backed securities
150 4,328 (10)118 1,164 (9)268 5,492 (19)
Commercial mortgage backed securities
52 1,622 (3)31 314 (3)83 1,936 (6)
Asset backed securities
34 598 (3)16 213 (1)50 811 (4)
State and municipal obligations
23 — 57 (2)80 (2)
Foreign government bonds and obligations
— — 10 15 (2)11 15 (2)
Total
255 $6,637 $(17)202 $1,936 $(20)457 $8,573 $(37)
As part of the Company’s ongoing monitoring process, management determined that the change in gross unrealized losses on its Available-for-Sale securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 is primarily attributable to wider credit spreads, partially offset by lower interest rates. Consistent with the accounting policy described in Note 2, the Company did not recognize these unrealized losses in earnings because it was determined that such losses were due to non-credit factors. The Company does not intend to sell these securities and does not believe that it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost basis. As of September 30, 2020, 81% of the total of Available-for-Sale securities with gross unrealized losses were considered investment grade.
The following tables present a rollforward of the allowance for credit losses on Available-for-Sale securities:
Corporate Debt SecuritiesAsset Backed SecuritiesTotal
(in millions)
Balance, July 1, 2020
$13$1$14
Additions for which credit losses were not previously recorded
Additional increases (decreases) on securities that had an allowance recorded in a previous period
Balance, September 30, 2020
$13$1$14
Corporate Debt SecuritiesAsset Backed SecuritiesTotal
(in millions)
Balance, January 1, 2020 (1)
$$$
Additions for which credit losses were not previously recorded
1313
Additional increases (decreases) on securities that had an allowance recorded in a previous period
11
Balance, September 30, 2020
$13$1$14
(1) Prior to January 1, 2020, credit losses on Available-for-Sale securities were not recorded in an allowance but were recorded as a reduction of the book value of the security if the security was other-than-temporarily impaired. There is no adoption impact due to the prospective transition for Available-for-Sale securities.
Net realized gains and losses on Available-for-Sale securities, determined using the specific identification method, recognized in net investment income were as follows:
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2020201920202019
(in millions)
Gross realized investment gains
$4$6$17$28
Gross realized investment losses
(1)(3)(13)
Credit losses
(15)(14)(20)
Total
$4$(10)$$(5)
Credit losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily related to recording an allowance for credit losses on certain corporate debt securities, primarily in the oil and gas industry. The Company recognized an impairment of $5 million in the first quarter of 2019 on investments held by Ameriprise Auto & Home Insurance (“AAH”) as the Company no longer intended to hold the securities until the recovery of fair value to book value.
See Note 15 for a rollforward of net unrealized investment gains (losses) included in AOCI.
Available-for-Sale securities by contractual maturity as of September 30, 2020 were as follows:
Amortized CostFair Value
(in millions)
Due within one year$2,998$3,013
Due after one year through five years4,8455,150
Due after five years through 10 years2,5332,814
Due after 10 years4,0985,424
 14,47416,401
Residential mortgage backed securities10,07110,258
Commercial mortgage backed securities6,0166,212
Asset backed securities3,0533,088
Total$33,614$35,959
Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations. Residential mortgage backed securities, commercial mortgage backed securities and asset backed securities are not due at a single maturity date. As such, these securities were not included in the maturities distribution.