UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-CSR
CERTIFIED SHAREHOLDER REPORT OF
REGISTERED
MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES
Investment Company Act File Number: 811-05299
| T. Rowe Price Science & Technology Fund, Inc. |
|
|
| (Exact name of registrant as specified in charter) |
| 100 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202 |
|
|
| (Address of principal executive offices) |
| David Oestreicher |
| 100 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202 |
|
|
| (Name and address of agent for service) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (410) 345-2000
Date of fiscal year end: December 31
Date of reporting period: December 31, 2018
 |
Science & Technology Fund |
December 31, 2018 |
Beginning on January 1, 2021, as permitted by SEC regulations, paper copies of the T. Rowe Price funds’ annual and semiannual shareholder reports will no longer be mailed, unless you specifically request them. Instead, shareholder reports will be made available on the funds’ website (troweprice.com/prospectus), and you will be notified by mail with a website link to access the reports each time a report is posted to the site.
If you already elected to receive reports electronically, you will not be affected by this change and need not take any action. At any time, shareholders who invest directly in T. Rowe Price funds may generally elect to receive reports or other communications electronically by enrolling at troweprice.com/paperless or, if you are a retirement plan sponsor or invest in the funds through a financial intermediary (such as an investment advisor, broker-dealer, insurance company, or bank), by contacting your representative or your financial intermediary.
You may elect to continue receiving paper copies of future shareholder reports free of charge. To do so, if you invest directly with T. Rowe Price, please call T. Rowe Price as follows: IRA, nonretirement account holders, and institutional investors, 1-800-225-5132; small business retirement accounts, 1-800-492-7670. If you are a retirement plan sponsor or invest in the T. Rowe Price funds through a financial intermediary, please contact your representative or financial intermediary or follow additional instructions if included with this document. Your election to receive paper copies of reports will apply to all funds held in your account with your financial intermediary or, if you invest directly in the T. Rowe Price funds, with T. Rowe Price. Your election can be changed at any time in the future.
| T. ROWE PRICE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY FUND |
|
|
HIGHLIGHTS
| ■ |
The Science & Technology Fund fell 6.99% for the year and trailed its peer group and the broader market. |
| ■ |
Our top contributors were cloud-related companies, while several internet holdings performed poorly. |
| ■ |
We remain focused on owning attractively valued technology stocks that are beneficiaries of innovation. |
| ■ |
The market’s steep second-half decline provided us with the opportunity to add to our favorite holdings. |
Log in to your account at troweprice.com for more information.
*Certain mutual fund accounts that are assessed an annual account service fee can also save money by switching to e-delivery.
CIO Market Commentary
Dear Shareholder
The year 2018 was not one that investors will remember fondly. The major stock indexes recorded their worst declines in a decade, with most falling over 20% from recent peaks and bringing a technical end to the bull market that began in 2009. In direct contrast to 2017, financial assets performed poorly across asset classes and geographies. The broadest measure of domestic bond returns, the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index, returned exactly nothing (0.0%) for the year, and nearly all overseas bond and equity markets also performed poorly. “Cash was king,” in Wall Street parlance, which never makes for a happy reign.
Many issues were behind the market weakness, but we can point to four primary factors that weighed on sentiment:
Rising interest rates. Wage pressures appeared to be accelerating early in the year, sending longer-term bond yields to multiyear highs and sparking a sell-off in equities in early February. Wage gains soon moderated, but a continued decline in the unemployment rate—which reached a five-decade low of 3.7% in September—kept investors on the lookout for higher inflation ahead. In October, yields returned to their peaks on the back of good economic data and suggestions from Federal Reserve officials that they might keep hiking interest rates more quickly than expected. This was subsequently followed by a decline in long-term rates as investors sought safety late in the year and questioned the pace of future interest rate hikes.
Trade tensions. On March 1, President Donald Trump took markets by surprise in announcing a new series of metal tariffs. His administration quickly adopted a decidedly protectionist stance, with pro-trade advocates leaving and the announcement of plans for a range of new trade restrictions. Many threats never materialized, and the White House announced a renegotiated trade deal with Canada and Mexico. Trade tensions with China only appeared to deepen as the year progressed, however.
Slowing global growth. A global slowdown became apparent in the second half of 2018. Environmental and financial reforms put the brakes on the Chinese economy, as planned, but trade frictions caused growth to slow below official targets. Other emerging markets suffered from a stronger U.S. dollar and higher U.S. interest rates. In Europe, trade worries also hampered business spending, while unresolved Brexit fears and further threats to the eurozone from Italy and elsewhere also took a toll. Plummeting oil prices late in the year seemed to confirm a general weakening in global economic conditions.
Peaking fundamentals. The U.S. economy stood apart by accelerating in 2018, but a moderation in 2019 appears all but inevitable as the effects of fiscal stimulus moderate. Of specific concern to investors is the almost certain slowdown in corporate profits in the coming year. Overall profits for the S&P 500 grew by 25% versus the year before in the first three quarters of 2018—a pace sure to slow as the year-over-year impact of the tax cut fades, wage gains pressure margins, and the global economy cools.
The market’s dramatic pullback in the final weeks of 2018—stocks suffered their worst December since the Great Depression—seemed to reflect fears that a recession might even be imminent. I think such concerns are overblown. The Fed has already completed most of its planned rate hikes, promising less of a headwind for the economy and markets. China and Europe are likely to respond to slowing growth with stimulus, and both will benefit from lower oil prices. As I write, some encouraging signs have also emerged on the trade front, although whether the U.S. and China can resolve their differences remains perhaps the largest uncertainty facing markets.
In terms of stock performance, the painful end to 2018 served to improve valuations, making gains in the coming year less of a hurdle. I would also note that a further stock market “bust” in 2019 seems unlikely given that we never experienced the concentrated “boom” that has preceded past bad bear markets. In the final stages of the dot-com boom of the late 1990s, for example, investors flooded in to telecom shares, and huge amounts of capital and risk flowed in to housing in the mid-2000s. Currently, I simply do not see those sorts of distortions in the financial system.
Of course, opinions about what 2019 holds vary among our investment professionals at T. Rowe Price, and we sharpen each other’s thinking by constantly sharing opinions and insights. Please rest assured that your fund’s manager is drawing on the insights and perspectives across our global organization as he or she charts the course ahead.
Thank you for your continued confidence in T. Rowe Price.
Sincerely,
Robert Sharps
Group Chief Investment Officer
Management’s Discussion of Fund Performance
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE
The fund seeks to provide long-term capital appreciation.
FUND COMMENTARY
How did the fund perform in the past year?
The Science & Technology Fund returned -6.99% in 2018, with solid gains in the first half of the year erased by a 16.47% decline in the last six months. The fund lagged the Lipper Science & Technology Funds Index and the S&P 500 Index. (Returns for the fund’s Advisor and I Class shares varied slightly, reflecting their different fee structures. Past performance cannot guarantee future results.)
What factors influenced the fund’s performance?
Technology stocks fell sharply in the second half as mixed economic data and fears about monetary policy and global trade frictions dampened earnings outlooks and rattled investor confidence. Within technology, stock performance diverged dramatically. Suppliers of components such as semiconductors and related equipment were punished, while many enterprise software providers built upon first-half gains. Small to medium-sized software company stocks continued to be buoyed by early-year acquisition activity—most notably, Salesforce.com’s purchase of MuleSoft for more than $6 billion—and expectations for further deal-making. (Please refer to the portfolio of investments for a complete list of holdings and the amount each represents in the portfolio.)
In general, technology growth stocks, despite relatively lofty valuations, did much better than shares of more mature and slower-growing companies. Investors placed an even higher than typical premium on fast growth and shunned companies with above-average cyclicality, exposure to smartphones, and dependence on China. As valuations came down, we selectively added to or initiated positions in several companies in the latter bucket. In semiconductors, memory maker Micron Technology fell as its earnings outlook weakened on a deterioration in memory prices. Memory is a highly cyclical industry, but we believe Micron and Samsung Electronics, the industry’s largest player, offer opportunity due to their low valuations relative to their long-term cash flow prospects. We built large positions in Lam Research and Applied Materials, which provide semiconductor manufacturing equipment to companies such as Micron and Samsung, and thus were similarly discounted by investors.
Our internet holdings generally detracted from results. A large position in China’s online travel leader Ctrip.com International weighed on performance as the country’s economic headwinds dampened its near-term outlook. Zalando, a leading European online apparel marketplace, fell sharply on an earnings miss. The company continued to take market share at an impressive rate, however, and we believe the shortfall was attributable to anomalously weak industry trends. We added to both Ctrip and Zalando given our view that each has achieved both the scale and customer value proposition to deliver strong growth and profitability in the coming years. We built Facebook into our largest position in the last several months as the torrent of backlash around some of the ways its services have been used and managed pummeled the stock. The company’s related step-up in spending also worried investors, but we believe the market underappreciates the company’s long-term growth potential.
On the positive side of the ledger, Amazon.com again bolstered our returns despite giving up some gains in the second half. At the end of the year, Amazon and another longtime large holding, Microsoft, overtook Apple as the companies with the two largest market capitalizations in the world. Shares of Apple, which we haven’t owned given our concerns around growth challenges for iPhone, managed to rise through the third quarter before falling sharply on reports—later confirmed by an earnings miss—of poor iPhone sales.
Among our software positions, longtime large holding Red Hat announced its sale to IBM for $34 billion, a 63% premium to the stock’s levels prior to the announcement and the largest software acquisition in history. IBM seems to have been drawn to Red Hat for reasons similar to our own—the company’s strongly growing and highly profitable subscription business that makes it well positioned for the cloud era of enterprise technology.
As we saw increasing potential in our core technology holdings, we decreased our health care weighting. In total, health care had minimal impact on performance, but we were encouraged by continued excellent earnings from our largest holding in the space, Intuitive Surgical, the leading provider of surgical robots.
How is the fund positioned?
Our focus remains on owning the most attractive technology stocks. By taking a long-term view and directing our efforts at evaluating an individual firm’s positioning and prospects relative to key innovations and trends, I believe we maximize our ability to identify the best opportunities. Valuation is always a key consideration in our stockpicking, but we are comfortable owning highly valued stocks in instances where we believe the long-term prospects are sufficiently attractive—Amazon has been perhaps our best-performing example. In addition to our core technology holdings, we look to amplify our performance with select positions in health care and other areas of innovation, such as industrial technology. Tesla, the pioneering leader in electric vehicles, has been an important holding in the latter area.
We have increased our internet holdings, particularly in Facebook and a handful of companies outside the U.S. We like the specific merits of each of these companies and strongly believe that the internet continues to offer winning companies vast growth opportunity. Taking Facebook as an example, despite the unrivaled global user base and usage for its apps, we estimate its market share of advertising and related marketing spending remains well under 10%—suggestive to us of a long runway for future growth. We own sizable positions in Alibaba Group Holding and Tencent Holdings, internet giants we view as essential utilities for China consumers and among the best businesses anywhere. It is worth noting that part of our investments in the two are indirectly through holding companies: Altaba, which owns a large stake in Alibaba, and Naspers, which owns a large stake in Tencent. We view these as relatively lower-risk positions, albeit with slightly less upside potential. We continue to think that Ctrip, with its modest valuation, merits a large position due to its lead in China online travel and the company’s progress in expanding internationally.
We have more exposure than normal to cyclical businesses, as we find several of these attractive, including Micron, Samsung, and Lam Research. Dramatically lower valuations seem to already price in economic deterioration, making these holdings in our view less risky than many other technology shares. Our new position in NVIDIA is an instance of a secularly well-positioned company being discounted because of its inherent cyclicality. We are attracted to the company’s leadership in chips and related software tools used in artificial intelligence and machine learning, and we see vast long-term opportunity for NVIDIA in areas such as hyperscale data centers and self-driving cars.
Conversely, since early last year, we have maintained a smaller-than-normal weighting in software due to the segment’s increasingly high valuations. We have also not yet identified an appealing replacement for Red Hat following its announced acquisition. Many software stocks seem priced for an indefinite period of robust information technology spending, which is especially unlikely if economic conditions worsen.
What is the portfolio management’s outlook?
I’m confident in the fund’s positioning but remain attuned to the risks to technology stocks given persistently high valuations in some areas, mixed economic data, geopolitical and global trade headwinds, and weakness in key technology markets such as smartphones, PCs, and industrials. That said, more of our holdings than in quite some time seem to present outstanding opportunities, so we have built larger positions in a handful of stocks. The market’s sell-off late in the year also presented attractive entry points in a few new positions.
Of course, we do not know what 2019 will bring, but we will remain grounded in our consistent approach, rigorous fundamental research, and multiyear horizon. The insights and collaboration of our technology research team are instrumental to our efforts to own the best stocks for your fund. Thank you for your continued trust.
The views expressed reflect the opinions of T. Rowe Price as of the date of this report and are subject to change based on changes in market, economic, or other conditions. These views are not intended to be a forecast of future events and are no guarantee of future results.
RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE FUND
A fund that focuses its investments in specific industries or sectors is more susceptible to developments affecting those industries and sectors than a more broadly diversified fund. Because the fund invests significantly in science and technology companies, the fund may perform poorly during a downturn in those industries. Science and technology companies can be adversely affected by, among other things, intense competition, government regulation, earnings disappointments, dependency on patent protection, and rapid obsolescence of products and services due to technological innovations or changing consumer preferences.
GROWTH OF $10,000
This chart shows the value of a hypothetical $10,000 investment in the fund over the past 10 fiscal year periods or since inception (for funds lacking 10-year records). The result is compared with benchmarks, which include a broad-based market index and may also include a peer group average or index. Market indexes do not include expenses, which are deducted from fund returns as well as mutual fund averages and indexes.
AVERAGE ANNUAL COMPOUND TOTAL RETURN
EXPENSE RATIO
FUND EXPENSE EXAMPLE
As a mutual fund shareholder, you may incur two types of costs: (1) transaction costs, such as redemption fees or sales loads, and (2) ongoing costs, including management fees, distribution and service (12b-1) fees, and other fund expenses. The following example is intended to help you understand your ongoing costs (in dollars) of investing in the fund and to compare these costs with the ongoing costs of investing in other mutual funds. The example is based on an investment of $1,000 invested at the beginning of the most recent six-month period and held for the entire period.
Please note that the fund has three share classes: The original share class (Investor Class) charges no distribution and service (12b-1) fee, the Advisor Class shares are offered only through unaffiliated brokers and other financial intermediaries and charge a 0.25% 12b-1 fee, and I Class shares are available to institutionally oriented clients and impose no 12b-1 or administrative fee payment. Each share class is presented separately in the table.
Actual Expenses
The first line of the following table (Actual) provides information about actual account values and expenses based on the fund’s actual returns. You may use the information on this line, together with your account balance, to estimate the expenses that you paid over the period. Simply divide your account value by $1,000 (for example, an $8,600 account value divided by $1,000 = 8.6), then multiply the result by the number on the first line under the heading “Expenses Paid During Period” to estimate the expenses you paid on your account during this period.
Hypothetical Example for Comparison Purposes
The information on the second line of the table (Hypothetical) is based on hypothetical account values and expenses derived from the fund’s actual expense ratio and an assumed 5% per year rate of return before expenses (not the fund’s actual return). You may compare the ongoing costs of investing in the fund with other funds by contrasting this 5% hypothetical example and the 5% hypothetical examples that appear in the shareholder reports of the other funds. The hypothetical account values and expenses may not be used to estimate the actual ending account balance or expenses you paid for the period.
Note: T. Rowe Price charges an annual account service fee of $20, generally for accounts with less than $10,000. The fee is waived for any investor whose T. Rowe Price mutual fund accounts total $50,000 or more; accounts electing to receive electronic delivery of account statements, transaction confirmations, prospectuses, and shareholder reports; or accounts of an investor who is a T. Rowe Price Personal Services or Enhanced Personal Services client (enrollment in these programs generally requires T. Rowe Price assets of at least $250,000). This fee is not included in the accompanying table. If you are subject to the fee, keep it in mind when you are estimating the ongoing expenses of investing in the fund and when comparing the expenses of this fund with other funds.
You should also be aware that the expenses shown in the table highlight only your ongoing costs and do not reflect any transaction costs, such as redemption fees or sales loads. Therefore, the second line of the table is useful in comparing ongoing costs only and will not help you determine the relative total costs of owning different funds. To the extent a fund charges transaction costs, however, the total cost of owning that fund is higher.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
| NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
T. Rowe Price Science & Technology Fund, Inc. (the fund) is registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the 1940 Act) as a nondiversified, open-end management investment company. The fund seeks to provide long-term capital appreciation. The fund has three classes of shares: the Science & Technology Fund (Investor Class), the Science & Technology Fund–Advisor Class (Advisor Class), and the Science & Technology Fund–I Class (I Class). Advisor Class shares are sold only through unaffiliated brokers and other unaffiliated financial intermediaries. I Class shares generally are available only to investors meeting a $1,000,000 minimum investment, although the minimum is generally waived for certain client accounts. The Advisor Class operates under a Board-approved Rule 12b-1 plan pursuant to which the class compensates financial intermediaries for distribution, shareholder servicing, and/or certain administrative services; the Investor and I Classes do not pay Rule 12b-1 fees. Each class has exclusive voting rights on matters related solely to that class; separate voting rights on matters that relate to all classes; and, in all other respects, the same rights and obligations as the other classes.
NOTE 1 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Preparation The fund is an investment company and follows accounting and reporting guidance in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification Topic 946 (ASC 946). The accompanying financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP), including, but not limited to, ASC 946. GAAP requires the use of estimates made by management. Management believes that estimates and valuations are appropriate; however, actual results may differ from those estimates, and the valuations reflected in the accompanying financial statements may differ from the value ultimately realized upon sale or maturity. Certain ratios in the accompanying Financial Highlights have been included to conform to the current year presentation.
Investment Transactions, Investment Income, and Distributions Investment transactions are accounted for on the trade date basis. Income and expenses are recorded on the accrual basis. Realized gains and losses are reported on the identified cost basis. Income tax-related interest and penalties, if incurred, are recorded as income tax expense. Dividends received from mutual fund investments are reflected as dividend income; capital gain distributions are reflected as realized gain/loss. Dividend income and capital gain distributions are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Distributions to shareholders are recorded on the ex-dividend date. Income distributions, if any, are declared and paid by each class annually. A capital gain distribution may also be declared and paid by the fund annually.
Currency Translation Assets, including investments, and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollar values each day at the prevailing exchange rate, using the mean of the bid and asked prices of such currencies against U.S. dollars as quoted by a major bank. Purchases and sales of securities, income, and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at the prevailing exchange rate on the respective date of such transaction. The effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on realized and unrealized security gains and losses is not bifurcated from the portion attributable to changes in market prices.
Class Accounting Shareholder servicing, prospectus, and shareholder report expenses incurred by each class are charged directly to the class to which they relate. Expenses common to all classes, investment income, and realized and unrealized gains and losses are allocated to the classes based upon the relative daily net assets of each class. The Advisor Class pays Rule 12b-1 fees, in an amount not exceeding 0.25% of the class’s average daily net assets.
New Accounting Guidance In March 2017, the FASB issued amended guidance to shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Adoption will have no effect on the fund’s net assets or results of operations.
Indemnification In the normal course of business, the fund may provide indemnification in connection with its officers and directors, service providers, and/or private company investments. The fund’s maximum exposure under these arrangements is unknown; however, the risk of material loss is currently considered to be remote.
NOTE 2 - VALUATION
The fund’s financial instruments are valued and each class’s net asset value (NAV) per share is computed at the close of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), normally 4 p.m. ET, each day the NYSE is open for business. However, the NAV per share may be calculated at a time other than the normal close of the NYSE if trading on the NYSE is restricted, if the NYSE closes earlier, or as may be permitted by the SEC.
Fair Value The fund’s financial instruments are reported at fair value, which GAAP defines as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The T. Rowe Price Valuation Committee (the Valuation Committee) is an internal committee that has been delegated certain responsibilities by the fund’s Board of Directors (the Board) to ensure that financial instruments are appropriately priced at fair value in accordance with GAAP and the 1940 Act. Subject to oversight by the Board, the Valuation Committee develops and oversees pricing-related policies and procedures and approves all fair value determinations. Specifically, the Valuation Committee establishes procedures to value securities; determines pricing techniques, sources, and persons eligible to effect fair value pricing actions; oversees the selection, services, and performance of pricing vendors; oversees valuation-related business continuity practices; and provides guidance on internal controls and valuation-related matters. The Valuation Committee reports to the Board and has representation from legal, portfolio management and trading, operations, risk management, and the fund’s treasurer.
Various valuation techniques and inputs are used to determine the fair value of financial instruments. GAAP establishes the following fair value hierarchy that categorizes the inputs used to measure fair value:
Level 1 – quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical financial instruments that the fund can access at the reporting date
Level 2 – inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly (including, but not limited to, quoted prices for similar financial instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar financial instruments in inactive markets, interest rates and yield curves, implied volatilities, and credit spreads)
Level 3 – unobservable inputs
Observable inputs are developed using market data, such as publicly available information about actual events or transactions, and reflect the assumptions that market participants would use to price the financial instrument. Unobservable inputs are those for which market data are not available and are developed using the best information available about the assumptions that market participants would use to price the financial instrument. GAAP requires valuation techniques to maximize the use of relevant observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. When multiple inputs are used to derive fair value, the financial instrument is assigned to the level within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest-level input that is significant to the fair value of the financial instrument. Input levels are not necessarily an indication of the risk or liquidity associated with financial instruments at that level but rather the degree of judgment used in determining those values.
Valuation Techniques Equity securities listed or regularly traded on a securities exchange or in the over-the-counter (OTC) market are valued at the last quoted sale price or, for certain markets, the official closing price at the time the valuations are made. OTC Bulletin Board securities are valued at the mean of the closing bid and asked prices. A security that is listed or traded on more than one exchange is valued at the quotation on the exchange determined to be the primary market for such security. Listed securities not traded on a particular day are valued at the mean of the closing bid and asked prices for domestic securities and the last quoted sale or closing price for international securities.
For valuation purposes, the last quoted prices of non-U.S. equity securities may be adjusted to reflect the fair value of such securities at the close of the NYSE. If the fund determines that developments between the close of a foreign market and the close of the NYSE will affect the value of some or all of its portfolio securities, the fund will adjust the previous quoted prices to reflect what it believes to be the fair value of the securities as of the close of the NYSE. In deciding whether it is necessary to adjust quoted prices to reflect fair value, the fund reviews a variety of factors, including developments in foreign markets, the performance of U.S. securities markets, and the performance of instruments trading in U.S. markets that represent foreign securities and baskets of foreign securities. The fund may also fair value securities in other situations, such as when a particular foreign market is closed but the fund is open. The fund uses outside pricing services to provide it with quoted prices and information to evaluate or adjust those prices. The fund cannot predict how often it will use quoted prices and how often it will determine it necessary to adjust those prices to reflect fair value. As a means of evaluating its security valuation process, the fund routinely compares quoted prices, the next day’s opening prices in the same markets, and adjusted prices.
Actively traded equity securities listed on a domestic exchange generally are categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Non-U.S. equity securities generally are categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy despite the availability of quoted prices because, as described above, the fund evaluates and determines whether those quoted prices reflect fair value at the close of the NYSE or require adjustment. OTC Bulletin Board securities, certain preferred securities, and equity securities traded in inactive markets generally are categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Investments in mutual funds are valued at the mutual fund’s closing NAV per share on the day of valuation and are categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Assets and liabilities other than financial instruments, including short-term receivables and payables, are carried at cost, or estimated realizable value, if less, which approximates fair value.
Thinly traded financial instruments and those for which the above valuation procedures are inappropriate or are deemed not to reflect fair value are stated at fair value as determined in good faith by the Valuation Committee. The objective of any fair value pricing determination is to arrive at a price that could reasonably be expected from a current sale. Financial instruments fair valued by the Valuation Committee are primarily private placements, restricted securities, warrants, rights, and other securities that are not publicly traded.
Subject to oversight by the Board, the Valuation Committee regularly makes good faith judgments to establish and adjust the fair valuations of certain securities as events occur and circumstances warrant. For instance, in determining the fair value of an equity investment with limited market activity, such as a private placement or a thinly traded public company stock, the Valuation Committee considers a variety of factors, which may include, but are not limited to, the issuer’s business prospects, its financial standing and performance, recent investment transactions in the issuer, new rounds of financing, negotiated transactions of significant size between other investors in the company, relevant market valuations of peer companies, strategic events affecting the company, market liquidity for the issuer, and general economic conditions and events. In consultation with the investment and pricing teams, the Valuation Committee will determine an appropriate valuation technique based on available information, which may include both observable and unobservable inputs. The Valuation Committee typically will afford greatest weight to actual prices in arm’s length transactions, to the extent they represent orderly transactions between market participants; transaction information can be reliably obtained, and prices are deemed representative of fair value. However, the Valuation Committee may also consider other valuation methods such as market-based valuation multiples; a discount or premium from market value of a similar, freely traded security of the same issuer; or some combination. Fair value determinations are reviewed on a regular basis and updated as information becomes available, including actual purchase and sale transactions of the issue. Because any fair value determination involves a significant amount of judgment, there is a degree of subjectivity inherent in such pricing decisions, and fair value prices determined by the Valuation Committee could differ from those of other market participants. Depending on the relative significance of unobservable inputs, including the valuation technique(s) used, fair valued securities may be categorized in Level 2 or 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
Valuation Inputs The following table summarizes the fund’s financial instruments, based on the inputs used to determine their fair values on December 31, 2018 (for further detail by category, please refer to the accompanying Portfolio of Investments):
There were no material transfers between Levels 1 and 2 during the year ended December 31, 2018.
Following is a reconciliation of the fund’s Level 3 holdings for the year ended December 31, 2018. Gain (loss) reflects both realized and change in unrealized gain/loss on Level 3 holdings during the period, if any, and is included on the accompanying Statement of Operations. The change in unrealized gain/loss on Level 3 instruments held at December 31, 2018, totaled $(892,000) for the year ended December 31, 2018. Transfers into and out of Level 3 are reflected at the value of the financial instrument at the beginning of the period.
NOTE 3 - OTHER INVESTMENT TRANSACTIONS
Consistent with its investment objective, the fund engages in the following practices to manage exposure to certain risks and/or to enhance performance. The investment objective, policies, program, and risk factors of the fund are described more fully in the fund’s prospectus and Statement of Additional Information.
Emerging Markets The fund may invest, either directly or through investments in T. Rowe Price institutional funds, in securities of companies located in, issued by governments of, or denominated in or linked to the currencies of emerging market countries; at period-end, approximately 27% of the fund’s net assets were invested in emerging markets. Emerging markets generally have economic structures that are less diverse and mature, and political systems that are less stable, than developed countries. These markets may be subject to greater political, economic, and social uncertainty and differing regulatory environments that may potentially impact the fund’s ability to buy or sell certain securities or repatriate proceeds to U.S. dollars. Such securities are often subject to greater price volatility, less liquidity, and higher rates of inflation than U.S. securities.
Restricted Securities The fund may invest in securities that are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale. Prompt sale of such securities at an acceptable price may be difficult and may involve substantial delays and additional costs.
Other Purchases and sales of portfolio securities other than short-term securities aggregated $5,902,267,000 and $5,855,693,000, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2018.
NOTE 4 - FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
No provision for federal income taxes is required since the fund intends to continue to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code and distribute to shareholders all of its taxable income and gains. Distributions determined in accordance with federal income tax regulations may differ in amount or character from net investment income and realized gains for financial reporting purposes. Financial reporting records are adjusted for permanent book/tax differences to reflect tax character but are not adjusted for temporary differences.
The fund files U.S. federal, state, and local tax returns as required. The fund’s tax returns are subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities until expiration of the applicable statute of limitations, which is generally three years after the filing of the tax return but which can be extended to six years in certain circumstances. Tax returns for open years have incorporated no uncertain tax positions that require a provision for income taxes.
Reclassifications between income and gain relate primarily to the offset of the current net operating loss against realized gains. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the following reclassifications were recorded to reflect tax character (there was no impact on results of operations or net assets):
Distributions during the years ended December 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, were characterized for tax purposes as follows:
At December 31, 2018, the tax-basis cost of investments and components of net assets were as follows:
The difference between book-basis and tax-basis net unrealized appreciation (depreciation) is attributable to the deferral of losses from wash sales, and the realization of gains/losses on passive foreign investment companies for tax purposes.
In accordance with federal tax laws applicable to investment companies, net specified losses realized between November 1 and December 31 are not recognized for tax purposes until the subsequent year (late-year ordinary loss deferrals); however, such losses are recognized for financial reporting purposes in the year realized.
NOTE 5 - FOREIGN TAXES
The fund is subject to foreign income taxes imposed by certain countries in which it invests. Additionally, certain foreign currency transactions are subject to tax, and capital gains realized upon disposition of securities issued in or by certain foreign countries are subject to capital gains tax imposed by those countries. All taxes are computed in accordance with the applicable foreign tax law, and, to the extent permitted, capital losses are used to offset capital gains. Taxes attributable to income are accrued by the fund as a reduction of income. Taxes incurred on the purchase of foreign currencies are recorded as realized loss on foreign currency transactions. Current and deferred tax expense attributable to capital gains is reflected as a component of realized or change in unrealized gain/loss on securities in the accompanying financial statements. At December 31, 2018, the fund had no deferred tax liability attributable to foreign securities and no foreign capital loss carryforwards.
NOTE 6 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The fund is managed by T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (Price Associates), a wholly owned subsidiary of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. (Price Group). The investment management agreement between the fund and Price Associates provides for an annual investment management fee, which is computed daily and paid monthly. The fee consists of an individual fund fee, equal to 0.35% of the fund’s average daily net assets, and a group fee. The group fee rate is calculated based on the combined net assets of certain mutual funds sponsored by Price Associates (the group) applied to a graduated fee schedule, with rates ranging from 0.48% for the first $1 billion of assets to 0.265% for assets in excess of $650 billion. The fund’s group fee is determined by applying the group fee rate to the fund’s average daily net assets. At December 31, 2018, the effective annual group fee rate was 0.29%.
The I Class is subject to an operating expense limitation (I Class limit) pursuant to which Price Associates is contractually required to pay all operating expenses of the I Class, excluding management fees, interest, expenses related to borrowings, taxes, brokerage, and other non-recurring expenses permitted by the investment management agreement, to the extent such operating expenses, on an annualized basis, exceed the I Class limit. This agreement will continue through the limitation date indicated in the table below, and may be renewed, revised, or revoked only with approval of the fund’s Board. The I Class is required to repay Price Associates for expenses previously paid to the extent the class’s net assets grow or expenses decline sufficiently to allow repayment without causing the class’s operating expenses (after the repayment is taken into account) to exceed both: (1) the I Class limit in place at the time such amounts were paid; and (2) the current I Class limit. However, no repayment will be made more than three years after the date of a payment or waiver.
In addition, the fund has entered into service agreements with Price Associates and two wholly owned subsidiaries of Price Associates, each an affiliate of the fund (collectively, Price). Price Associates provides certain accounting and administrative services to the fund. T. Rowe Price Services, Inc. provides shareholder and administrative services in its capacity as the fund’s transfer and dividend-disbursing agent. T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc. provides subaccounting and recordkeeping services for certain retirement accounts invested in the Investor Class and Advisor Class. For the year ended December 31, 2018, expenses incurred pursuant to these service agreements were $79,000 for Price Associates; $3,019,000 for T. Rowe Price Services, Inc.; and $1,136,000 for T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc. All amounts due to and due from Price, exclusive of investment management fees payable, are presented net on the accompanying Statement of Assets and Liabilities.
Additionally, the fund is one of several mutual funds in which certain college savings plans managed by Price Associates may invest. As approved by the fund’s Board of Directors, shareholder servicing costs associated with each college savings plan are borne by the fund in proportion to the average daily value of its shares owned by the college savings plan. For the year ended December 31, 2018, the fund was charged $79,000 for shareholder servicing costs related to the college savings plans, of which $47,000 was for services provided by Price. All amounts due to and due from Price, exclusive of investment management fees payable, are presented net on the Statement of Assets and Liabilities. At December 31, 2018, approximately 1% of the outstanding shares of the Investor Class were held by college savings plans.
The fund may invest its cash reserves in certain open-end management investment companies managed by Price Associates and considered affiliates of the fund: the T. Rowe Price Government Reserve Fund or the T. Rowe Price Treasury Reserve Fund, organized as money market funds, or the T. Rowe Price Short-Term Fund, a short-term bond fund (collectively, the Price Reserve Funds). The Price Reserve Funds are offered as short-term investment options to mutual funds, trusts, and other accounts managed by Price Associates or its affiliates and are not available for direct purchase by members of the public. Cash collateral from securities lending is invested in the T. Rowe Price Short-Term Fund. The Price Reserve Funds pay no investment management fees.
The fund may participate in securities purchase and sale transactions with other funds or accounts advised by Price Associates (cross trades), in accordance with procedures adopted by the fund’s Board and Securities and Exchange Commission rules, which require, among other things, that such purchase and sale cross trades be effected at the independent current market price of the security. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the aggregate value of purchases and sales cross trades with other funds or accounts advised by Price Associates was less than 1% of the fund’s net assets as of December 31, 2018.
On June 6, 2016, Price Associates offered, and the fund’s Board of Directors accepted, a voluntary payment to compensate the fund for a loss of value on its investment in Dell as a result of the fund’s ineligibility to pursue an appraisal action in Delaware Court of Chancery due to a proxy voting error in 2013. The amount paid by Price Associates remained subject to further increase or decrease in the event of a court-determined change in the fair valuation of Dell shares on appeal, or payment received by the fund from any other source to compensate for the loss of value on its Dell shares. On December 14, 2017, the Delaware Supreme Court reversed the Court of Chancery’s enhanced valuation of Dell shares (appraisal value) and remanded the case to the Court of Chancery for further proceedings. Thereafter the Court of Chancery approved settlements between all remaining petitioners and Dell. Effective October 9, 2018, the case was fully and finally resolved by non-appealable order. Based on these final terms, the fund repaid Price Associates $26,064,000, based on the difference between the most favorable court-approved settlement and the initial appraisal value, using the original methodology. No further liability related to this matter remains between the fund and Price Associates.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
T. Rowe Price Science & Technology Fund, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and liabilities, including the portfolio of investments, of T. Rowe Price Science & Technology Fund, Inc. (the “Fund”) as of December 31, 2018, the related statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2018, the statement of changes in net assets for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2018, including the related notes, and the financial highlights for each of the periods indicated therein (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Fund as of December 31, 2018, the results of its operations for the year then ended, the changes in its net assets for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2018 and the financial highlights for each of the periods indicated therein, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Fund’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Fund’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Fund in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. Our procedures included confirmation of securities owned as of December 31, 2018 by correspondence with the custodians, transfer agent and brokers; when replies were not received from brokers, we performed other auditing procedures. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Baltimore, Maryland
February 20, 2019
We have served as the auditor of one or more investment companies in the T. Rowe Price group of investment companies since 1973.
TAX INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) FOR THE TAX YEAR ENDED 12/31/18
We are providing this information as required by the Internal Revenue Code. The amounts shown may differ from those elsewhere in this report because of differences between tax and financial reporting requirements.
The fund’s distributions to shareholders included:
| ■ |
$326,478,000 from short-term capital gains, |
| ■ |
$992,090,000 from long-term capital gains, subject to a long-term capital gains tax rate of not greater than 20%. |
For taxable non-corporate shareholders, $38,990,000 of the fund’s income represents qualified dividend income subject to a long-term capital gains tax rate of not greater than 20%.
For corporate shareholders, $22,884,000 of the fund’s income qualifies for the dividends received deduction.
INFORMATION ON PROXY VOTING POLICIES, PROCEDURES, AND RECORDS
A description of the policies and procedures used by T. Rowe Price funds and portfolios to determine how to vote proxies relating to portfolio securities is available in each fund’s Statement of Additional Information. You may request this document by calling 1-800-225-5132 or by accessing the SEC’s website, sec.gov.
The description of our proxy voting policies and procedures is also available on our corporate website. To access it, please visit the following Web page:
https://www3.troweprice.com/usis/corporate/en/utility/policies.html
Scroll down to the section near the bottom of the page that says, “Proxy Voting Policies.” Click on the Proxy Voting Policies link in the shaded box.
Each fund’s most recent annual proxy voting record is available on our website and through the SEC’s website. To access it through T. Rowe Price, visit the website location shown above, and scroll down to the section near the bottom of the page that says, “Proxy Voting Records.” Click on the Proxy Voting Records link in the shaded box.
HOW TO OBTAIN QUARTERLY PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
Effective for reporting periods on or after March 1, 2019, the fund files a complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year as an exhibit to its reports on Form N-PORT. Prior to March 1, 2019, the fund filed a complete schedule of portfolio holdings with the SEC for the first and third quarters of each fiscal year on Form N-Q. The fund’s Forms N-PORT and N-Q are available electronically on the SEC’s website (sec.gov).
ABOUT THE FUND’S DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Your fund is overseen by a Board of Directors (Board) that meets regularly to review a wide variety of matters affecting or potentially affecting the fund, including performance, investment programs, compliance matters, advisory fees and expenses, service providers, and business and regulatory affairs. The Board elects the fund’s officers, who are listed in the final table. At least 75% of the Board’s members are independent of the Boards of T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. (T. Rowe Price), and its affiliates; “inside” or “interested” directors are employees or officers of T. Rowe Price. The business address of each director and officer is 100 East Pratt Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21202. The Statement of Additional Information includes additional information about the fund directors and is available without charge by calling a T. Rowe Price representative at 1-800-638-5660.
| INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS(a) | ||
| Name (Year of Birth) Year Elected [Number of T. Rowe Price Portfolios Overseen] |
Principal Occupation(s) and Directorships of Public Companies and Other Investment Companies During the Past Five Years | |
|
Teresa Bryce Bazemore(b) (1959) 2018 [189] |
President, Radian Guaranty (2008 to 2017); Member, Bazemore Consulting LLC (2018 to present); Member, Chimera Investment Corporation (2017 to present); Member, Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (2017 to present) | |
|
Ronald J. Daniels(b) (1959) 2018 [189] |
President, The Johns Hopkins University(c) and Professor, Political Science Department, The Johns Hopkins University (2009 to present); Director, Lyndhurst Holdings (2015 to present) | |
|
Bruce W. Duncan (1951) 2013 [189] |
Chief Executive Officer and Director (January 2009 to December 2016), Chairman of the Board (January 2016 to present), and President (January 2009 to September 2016), First Industrial Realty Trust, an owner and operator of industrial properties; Chairman of the Board (2005 to September 2016) and Director (1999 to September 2016), Starwood Hotels & Resorts, a hotel and leisure company; Director, Boston Properties (May 2016 to present); Director, Marriott International, Inc. (September 2016 to present) | |
|
Robert J. Gerrard, Jr. (1952) 2012 [189] |
Advisory Board Member, Pipeline Crisis/Winning Strategies, a collaborative working to improve opportunities for young African Americans (1997 to present); Chairman of the Board, all funds (since July 2018) | |
|
Paul F. McBride (1956) 2013 [189] |
Advisory Board Member, Vizzia Technologies (2015 to present); Board Member, Dunbar Armored (2012 to present) | |
|
Cecilia E. Rouse, Ph.D. (1963) 2012 [189] |
Dean, Woodrow Wilson School (2012 to present); Professor and Researcher, Princeton University (1992 to present); Member of National Academy of Education (2010 to present); Director, MDRC, a nonprofit education and social policy research organization (2011 to present); Research Associate of Labor Studies Program at the National Bureau of Economic Research (2011 to 2015); Board Member of the National Bureau of Economic Research (2011 to present); Chair of Committee on the Status of Minority Groups in the Economic Profession of the American Economic Association (2012 to 2017); Vice President (2015 to 2016), American Economic Association | |
|
John G. Schreiber (1946) 2001 [189] |
Owner/President, Centaur Capital Partners, Inc., a real estate investment company (1991 to present); Cofounder, Partner, and Cochairman of the Investment Committee, Blackstone Real Estate Advisors, L.P. (1992 to 2015); Director, General Growth Properties, Inc. (2010 to 2013); Director, Blackstone Mortgage Trust, a real estate finance company (2012 to 2016); Director and Chairman of the Board, Brixmor Property Group, Inc. (2013 to present); Director, Hilton Worldwide (2013 to present); Director, Hudson Pacific Properties (2014 to 2016); Director, Invitation Homes (2014 to present) | |
|
Mark R. Tercek (1957) 2009 [189] |
President and Chief Executive Officer, The Nature Conservancy (2008 to present) | |
| (a)All information about the independent directors was current as of December 31, 2017, except for the information provided for Ms. Bazemore and Mr. Daniels, which is current as of January 1, 2018. | ||
| (b)Effective January 1, 2018, Ms. Bazemore and Mr. Daniels were elected as independent directors of the Price Funds. | ||
| (c)William J. Stromberg, president and chief executive officer of T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., the parent company of the Price Funds’ investment advisor, has served on the Board of Trustees of Johns Hopkins University since 2014 and is a member of the Johns Hopkins University Board’s Compensation Committee. | ||
| INSIDE DIRECTORS | ||
| Name (Year of Birth) Year Elected* [Number of T. Rowe Price Portfolios Overseen] |
Principal Occupation(s) and Directorships of Public Companies and Other Investment Companies During the Past Five Years | |
|
Edward C. Bernard** (1956) 2006 [0] |
Director and Vice President, T. Rowe Price; Vice Chairman of the Board, Director, and Vice President, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.; Chairman of the Board, Director, and Vice President, T. Rowe Price Investment Services, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Services, Inc.; Chairman of the Board and Director, T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc.; Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, Director, and President, T. Rowe Price International and T. Rowe Price Trust Company; Chairman of the Board, all funds (2006 to July 2018) | |
|
David Oestreicher (1967) 2018 [189] |
Chief Legal Officer, Vice President, and Secretary, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.; Director, Vice President, and Secretary, T. Rowe Price Investment Services, Inc., T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc., T. Rowe Price Services, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Trust Company; Vice President and Secretary, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price Hong Kong, and T. Rowe Price International; Vice President, T. Rowe Price Japan and T. Rowe Price Singapore; Principal Executive Officer and Executive Vice President, all funds | |
|
Robert W. Sharps, CFA, CPA (1971) 2017 [135] |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Trust Company | |
| *Each inside director serves until retirement, resignation, or election of a successor. | ||
| **Effective at the conclusion of a meeting of the Boards of the Price Funds held on July 25, 2018, Mr. Bernard resigned from his role as a director and chairman of the Boards of all the Price Funds. | ||
| OFFICERS | ||||
| Name (Year of Birth) Position Held With Science & Technology Fund |
Principal Occupation(s) | |||
| Kennard W. Allen (1977) President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. | |||
| Brian W.H. Berghuis, CFA (1958) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Trust Company | |||
| Darrell N. Braman (1963) Vice President and Secretary |
Vice President, Price Hong Kong, Price Singapore, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., T. Rowe Price International, T. Rowe Price Investment Services, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Services, Inc. | |||
| Gregory Dunham, CFA (1974) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.; formerly, Analyst, Goldman Sachs (to 2015) | |||
| David J. Eiswert, CFA (1972) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and T. Rowe Price International | |||
| John R. Gilner (1961) Chief Compliance Officer |
Chief Compliance Officer and Vice President, T. Rowe Price; Vice President, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Investment Services, Inc. | |||
| Gary J. Greb (1961) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price International, and T. Rowe Price Trust Company | |||
| Paul D. Greene II (1978) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. | |||
| Paul J. Krug, CPA (1964) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Trust Company | |||
| Jacqueline L. Liu (1979) Vice President |
Vice President, Price Hong Kong and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.; formerly, Investment Analyst, Fidelity International Hong Kong Limited (to 2014) | |||
| Catherine D. Mathews (1963) Treasurer and Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Trust Company | |||
| Tobias F. Mueller (1980) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and T. Rowe Price International | |||
| John W. Ratzesberger (1975) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Trust Company; formerly, North American Head of Listed Derivatives Operation, Morgan Stanley (to 2013) | |||
| Shannon H. Rauser (1987) Assistant Secretary |
Employee, T. Rowe Price | |||
| Emily C. Scudder, CFA, CPA (1985) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.; formerly, student, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania (to 2015); formerly, Equity Research Associate, BMO Capital Markets (to 2013) | |||
| Joshua K. Spencer, CFA (1973) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. | |||
| Alan Tu (1985) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc.; formerly, student, University of Chicago Booth School of Business (to 2014) | |||
| Anthony Wang (1989) Vice President |
Employee, T. Rowe Price; formerly, student, Harvard Business School (to 2017); formerly, Private Equity Associate, Genstar Capital Management (to 2015); formerly, student, University of Chicago Booth School of Business (to 2014) | |||
| Megan Warren (1968) Vice President |
Vice President, T. Rowe Price, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., T. Rowe Price Retirement Plan Services, Inc., T. Rowe Price Services, Inc., and T. Rowe Price Trust Company; formerly, Executive Director, JP Morgan Chase (to 2017) | |||
| Thomas H. Watson (1977) Vice President |
Director and Vice President, T. Rowe Price Trust Company; Vice President, T. Rowe Price and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. | |||
| Alison Mei Ling Yip (1966) Vice President |
Vice President, Price Hong Kong and T. Rowe Price Group, Inc. | |||
| Unless otherwise noted, officers have been employees of T. Rowe Price or T. Rowe Price International for at least 5 years. | ||||
Item 2. Code of Ethics.
The registrant has adopted a code of ethics, as defined in Item 2 of Form N-CSR, applicable to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. A copy of this code of ethics is filed as an exhibit to this Form N-CSR. No substantive amendments were approved or waivers were granted to this code of ethics during the period covered by this report.
Item 3. Audit Committee Financial Expert.
The registrant’s Board of Directors/Trustees has determined that Mr. Bruce W. Duncan qualifies as an audit committee financial expert, as defined in Item 3 of Form N-CSR. Mr. Duncan is considered independent for purposes of Item 3 of Form N-CSR.
Item 4. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
(a) – (d) Aggregate fees billed for the last two fiscal years for professional services rendered to, or on behalf of, the registrant by the registrant’s principal accountant were as follows:
Audit fees include amounts related to the audit of the registrant’s annual financial statements and services normally provided by the accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings. Audit-related fees include amounts reasonably related to the performance of the audit of the registrant’s financial statements and specifically include the issuance of a report on internal controls and, if applicable, agreed-upon procedures related to fund acquisitions. Tax fees include amounts related to services for tax compliance, tax planning, and tax advice. The nature of these services specifically includes the review of distribution calculations and the preparation of Federal, state, and excise tax returns. All other fees include the registrant’s pro-rata share of amounts for agreed-upon procedures in conjunction with service contract approvals by the registrant’s Board of Directors/Trustees.
(e)(1) The registrant’s audit committee has adopted a policy whereby audit and non-audit services performed by the registrant’s principal accountant for the registrant, its investment adviser, and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the investment adviser that provides ongoing services to the registrant require pre-approval in advance at regularly scheduled audit committee meetings. If such a service is required between regularly scheduled audit committee meetings, pre-approval may be authorized by one audit committee member with ratification at the next scheduled audit committee meeting. Waiver of pre-approval for audit or non-audit services requiring fees of a de minimis amount is not permitted.
(2) No services included in (b) – (d) above were approved pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X.
(f) Less than 50 percent of the hours expended on the principal accountant’s engagement to audit the registrant’s financial statements for the most recent fiscal year were attributed to work performed by persons other than the principal accountant’s full-time, permanent employees.
(g) The aggregate fees billed for the most recent fiscal year and the preceding fiscal year by the registrant’s principal accountant for non-audit services rendered to the registrant, its investment adviser, and any entity controlling, controlled by, or under common control with the investment adviser that provides ongoing services to the registrant were $2,544,000 and $2,169,000, respectively.
(h) All non-audit services rendered in (g) above were pre-approved by the registrant’s audit committee. Accordingly, these services were considered by the registrant’s audit committee in maintaining the principal accountant’s independence.
Item 5. Audit Committee of Listed Registrants.
Not applicable.
Item 6. Investments.
(a) Not applicable. The complete schedule of investments is included in Item 1 of this Form N-CSR.
(b) Not applicable.
Item 7. Disclosure of Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures for Closed-End Management Investment Companies.
Not applicable.
Item 8. Portfolio Managers of Closed-End Management Investment Companies.
Not applicable.
Item 9. Purchases of Equity Securities by Closed-End Management Investment Company and Affiliated Purchasers.
Not applicable.
Item 10. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
Not applicable.
Item 11. Controls and Procedures.
(a) The registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have evaluated the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures within 90 days of this filing and have concluded that the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective, as of that date, in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by the registrant in this Form N-CSR was recorded, processed, summarized, and reported timely.
(b) During the period, the Price Funds’ accounting agent, The Bank of New York Mellon (BNYM), converted the fund’s books and records from a legacy fund accounting system / operating model to a BNYM fund accounting system / operating model.
Item 12. Exhibits.
(a)(1) The registrant’s code of ethics pursuant to Item 2 of Form N-CSR is attached.
(2) Separate certifications by the registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and required by Rule 30a-2(a) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, are attached.
(3) Written solicitation to repurchase securities issued by closed-end companies: not applicable.
(b) A certification by the registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and required by Rule 30a-2(b) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, is attached.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
T. Rowe Price Science & Technology Fund, Inc.
| By | /s/ David Oestreicher | |||||
| David Oestreicher | ||||||
| Principal Executive Officer | ||||||
| Date | February 20, 2019 | |||||
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| By | /s/ David Oestreicher | |||||
| David Oestreicher | ||||||
| Principal Executive Officer | ||||||
| Date | February 20, 2019 | |||||
| By | /s/ Catherine D. Mathews | |||||
| Catherine D. Mathews | ||||||
| Principal Financial Officer | ||||||
| Date | February 20, 2019 | |||||