S-3 1 v181693_s3.htm Unassociated Document

As Filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 28, 2010
 Registration No. 333-  
 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C.  20549

FORM S-3

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933  
 
CHINA WIND SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
 incorporation or organization)
 
74-2235008
(I.R.S.  Employer
Identification Number)

No. 9 Yanyu Middle Road
Qianzhou Village, Huishan District, Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
 (86) 51083397559
(Address, including zip code and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)
 
Jianhua Wu, Chief Executive Officer
No. 9 Yanyu Middle Road
Qianzhou Village, Huishan District, Wuxi City
Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China
 (86) 51083397559

 
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
 
Copies to
Asher S. Levitsky PC
Sichenzia Ross Friedman Ference LLP
61 Broadway, 32nd Floor
New York, NY 10006
Phone: (212) 981-6767
Fax: (212) 930 – 9725
E-mail: alevitsky@srff.com
 
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
 
If the only securities being registered on this form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.   o
 
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. þ
 
 If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   o
 
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   o
  
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.   o
 
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.   o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer   o
Accelerated filer   o
Non-accelerated filer   o
Smaller reporting company   þ
(do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of each class of
securities to be registered
  
Amount
to be
registered(1)
     
Proposed
maximum
offering price
per unit
     
Proposed
maximum
aggregate
offering
price (2)
     
Amount of
registration
fee(3)
  
Common stock, par value $0.001 per share
   
     
     
     
 
Preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share
   
     
     
     
 
Warrants (4)
   
     
     
     
 
Debt securities (5)
   
     
     
     
 
Total
                 
$
30,000,000
   
$
2,139
  
 
(1)
There are being registered hereunder such indeterminate number of shares of common stock, preferred stock, warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, and debt securities as shall have an aggregate initial offering price not to exceed $30,000,000.  Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units with other securities registered hereunder. The securities registered also include such indeterminate amounts and numbers of common stock and preferred stock as may be issued upon conversion of or exchange for preferred stock and debt securities that provide for conversion or exchange, upon exercise of warrants, or pursuant to the antidilution provisions of any such securities.
   
(2)
The proposed maximum per unit and aggregate offering prices per class of security will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered under this registration statement, but in no event will the aggregate offering price of all securities issued from time to time pursuant to this registration statement exceed $30,000,000.  Pursuant to General Instruction II.D of Form S-3 such information is not required to be included in the table
   
(3)
Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.  
   
(4)
Includes warrants to purchase common stock and warrants to purchase preferred stock.
   
(5)
If any debt securities are issued with an original issue discount, the offering price of such debt securities shall be such greater amount as shall result in an aggregate maximum offering price not to exceed $30,000,000, less the dollar amount of any securities previously issued hereunder.
   
The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
 
 
 

 

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed.  We may not sell these securities until the registration statement relating to these securities that has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective.  This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
 
(Subject to Completion, Dated April 28, 2010)

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

$30,000,000

China Wind Systems, Inc.
 
Common Stock
Preferred Stock
Warrants
Convertible Debt Securities

NASDAQ Common Stock Trading Symbol: CWS

We may from time to time, in one or more offerings at prices and on terms that we will determine at the time of each offering, sell common stock, preferred stock, warrants, debt securities, or a combination of these securities, or units, for an aggregate initial offering price of up to $30,000,000. This prospectus describes the general manner in which our securities may be offered using this prospectus. Each time we offer and sell securities, we will provide you with a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering.  Any prospectus supplement may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement as well as the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus before you purchase any of the securities offered hereby.
 
This prospectus may not be used to offer and sell securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

 Our common stock is currently traded on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “CWS.” On April 26, 2010, the last reported sales price for our common stock was $4.80 per share. The prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to any other listing of the securities on any other securities market or exchange covered by the prospectus supplement.

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should purchase our securities only if you can afford to lose your entire investment.  See “Risk Factors,” which begins on page 7.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined whether this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

We may offer the securities directly or through agents or to or through underwriters or dealers. If any agents or underwriters are involved in the sale of the securities their names, and any applicable purchase price, fee, commission or discount arrangement will be set forth, or will be calculable from the information set forth, in an accompanying prospectus supplement. We can sell the securities through agents, underwriters or dealers only with delivery of a prospectus supplement describing the method and terms of the offering of such securities. See “Plan of Distribution.”
 
The date of this prospectus is [ ], 2010

 
 

 

Table of Contents

 
Page
About this Prospectus
  3
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forwarding Looking Statements 
3
Summary
  4
Risk Factors
  7
Use of Proceeds
  16
Plan of Distribution
  16
Description of Capital Stock
19
Legal Matters
  27
Experts
  27
Where You Can Find More Information
  27
Incorporation of Certain Information By Reference
  28
 
You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement.  We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained or incorporated by reference into this prospectus.  If any person does provide you with information that differs from what is contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, you should not rely on it. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date on the front of the document and that any information contained in any document we have incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or any sale of a security.  These documents are not an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy these securities in any circumstances under which the offer or solicitation is unlawful.

 
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

The following summary highlights selected information contained in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all the information you should consider before investing in the securities. Before making an investment decision, you should read the entire prospectus carefully, including “Risk Factors” and our consolidated financial statements, including the notes to the financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. As used throughout this prospectus, the terms “we,” “us,” and “our” and words of like import refer to China Wind Systems, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiaries, and Wuxi Huayang Dye Machine Co., Ltd. (“Huayang Dye”) and Wuxi Huayang Electrical Power Equipment Co., Ltd. (“Huayang Electrical”), both of which are variable interest entities under contractual arrangements with us whose financial statements are consolidated with ours, unless the context specifically states or implies otherwise.  Huayang Dye and Huayang Electric are collectively referred to as the Huayang Companies.

Additionally, unless we indicate otherwise, references in this prospectus to:
 
 
“China” and the “PRC” are to the People’s Republic of China, excluding, for the purposes of this prospectus only, Taiwan and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau;
 
 
“RMB” and “Renminbi” are to the legal currency of China; and
 
 
“$”and “U.S. dollars” are to the legal currency of the United States.
 
Our business is conducted in China, using RMB, the currency of China, and our financial statements are presented in United States dollars.   In this prospectus, we refer to assets, obligations, commitments and liabilities in our financial statements in United States dollars.   These dollar references are based on the exchange rate of RMB to United States dollars, determined as of a specific date.   Changes in the exchange rate will affect the amount of our obligations and the value of our assets in terms of United States dollars which may result in an increase or decrease in the amount of our obligations (expressed in dollars) and the value of our assets, including accounts receivable (expressed in dollars).

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The information contained in this prospectus and the documents and information incorporated by reference in this prospectus include some statements that are not purely historical and that are “forward-looking statements.” Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding our expectations, hopes, beliefs, intentions or strategies regarding the future, including our financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipates,” “believes,” “continue,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “might,” “plans,” “possible,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “seeks,” “should,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions, or the negatives of such terms, may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.
 
The forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus are based on current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on us. There can be no assurance that future developments actually affecting us will be those anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements, including the following:
 
 
Changes in the laws of the PRC that affect the Company’s operations;
 
 
The Company’s ability to obtain and maintain all necessary government certifications and/or licenses to conduct the Company’s business;
 
 
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The cost of complying with current and future governmental regulations and the impact of any changes in the regulations on the Company’s operations;
 
 
Changes in the political and economic policies of the government in China, where all of the Company’s assets are located and all from where its revenues are derived;
 
 
Our ability to comply with any environmental regulations which may affect our manufacturing operations;
 
 
Adverse capital and credit market conditions, and the Company’s ability to meet liquidity needs;
 
 
Fluctuation of the foreign currency exchange rate between U.S. Dollars and Renminbi;
 
 
Our ability to obtain additional funding for our continuing operations and to fund our expansion;
 
 
Our ability to  meet our financial projections for any financial year;
 
 
Our ability to retain our key executives and to hire additional senior management;
 
 
Continued growth of the Chinese economy and demand for our service;
 
 
Continued development of the wind power industry in China;
     
 
Our ability to anticipate trends and provide programs that are relevant and useful to our students, and
 
 
Other factors, including those described in this prospectus under the heading “Risk Factors,” as well as factors set forth in other filings we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including those contained in “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our annual report on Form 10-K and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 10-Q quarterly reports.
 
If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materializes, or if any of our assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary in material respects from those projected in these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.
 
SUMMARY
 
The following is only a summary, and does not contain all of the information that you need to consider in making your investment decision. We urge you to read this entire prospectus, including the more detailed consolidated financial statements, notes to the consolidated financial statements and other information incorporated by reference into this prospectus under “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” from our other filings with the SEC, as well as any prospectus supplement applicable to an offering of the securities registered pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Investing in our securities involves risks. Therefore, please carefully consider the information provided under the heading “Risk Factors” beginning on page 7.
 
ABOUT CHINA WIND SYSTEMS, INC.

We are engaged in two business segments – the forged rolled rings and related products segment, in which we manufacture and sell high precision forged rolled rings and other forged components for the wind power and other industries, and the dyeing and finishing equipment segment, in which we manufacture and sell textile dyeing and finishing machines.
 
 
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Through our forged rolled rings and related products division, we supply precision forged rolled rings and other forged components to the wind industry.  These components are used in wind turbines, which are used to generate wind power.  The government of the PRC has announced its desire to expand significantly its goal for installed wind energy capacity.  We began to manufacture shafts and forged rolled rings for gear rims, flanges and other applications in our new 108,000 square foot manufacturing facility which became operational in March 2009.
 
We produce precision forgings using axial close-die forging technology, which is a new technology for producing rotary precision forgings, using forging equipment which we manufactured for our own use. The axial close-die forging technology reduces the use of raw materials by as much as 35%, provides a high precision and surface flatness, reduces the cutting output, has excellent mechanical strength and high flexibility, and is a fully automatic operation. We believe that our forging capabilities will continue to increase as we implement our expansion plans.
 
In October 2009, we ordered the initial machinery to expand our completed state-of-the-art forged product facility with a new production line, enabling us to manufacture electro-slag re-melted forged products for the high performance components market of the wind power industry.  We believe that electro-slag re-melted forged products will be important components in the next generation of larger wind turbines, which will require stronger steel alloy precision forged components than the smaller turbines.  Electro-slag re-melted technology is used to increase the durability and quality of steel and to blend specific alloys that are required to meet the anticipated strength requirements of the next generation of wind turbines.  We expect to begin to test manufacture products at this plant in the second quarter of 2010.
 
In addition to the wind industry, we sell our forged rolled rings and other products in other industries, including railway, heavy machinery manufacturing, petrochemical, metallurgical, sea port machinery, defense and radar manufacturing industries, which use our forged rolled rings railway as components in the manufacture of equipment.
 
The forged rolled rings segment has become a more significant percentage of total revenues, as we have expanded our manufacturing facilities to enable us to manufacture forged rolled rings with a larger diameter in order to meet the perceived needs of the wind power industry. Our rolled rings are essentially hollow cylindrical sections forged from a stainless steel stock piece with varying thickness and height; the rings are created from the forging process. Forging is a manufacturing process where metal is pressed, pounded or squeezed under great pressure into high strength parts. Rolled ring forging turns a hollow round piece of metal under extreme pressure against a rotating roller, thereby squeezing out a single-piece ring without any welding required. We believe that there is a market for our rolled rings in the wind power industry. Through this division, which was formerly known as the forged rolled ring and electric power equipment division, until the end of 2009, we designed, manufactured and sold both standard and custom auxiliary equipment used to improve and promote efficient coal use at both coking and power plants. In the fourth quarter of 2009, we sold our remaining units of auxiliary electrical equipment and we no longer produce these products.
 
Prior to 2009, the manufacturing of textile dyeing and finishing machines was our principal source of revenue. We have changed our focus to the manufacture of forged rolled rings, gear rims and yaw bearings in order to meet the growing demands of China’s wind energy industry.  We believe that there is a shortage of wind components in China’s wind energy supply chain. The shortage is caused by the lack of forged products including rolled rings and gear rims which are used in the gearbox, and rolled rings used in yaw bearings.  We expect revenue from the dyeing and finishing equipment segment of our business to continue to decline, both in terms of revenue and as a percentage of total revenue.
 
The following table sets forth information as to revenue of our dyeing and finishing equipment, forged rolled rings and electrical power equipment in dollars and as a percent of revenue (dollars in thousands):

 
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Years Ended December 31,
 
   
2009
   
2008
 
   
Dollars
   
%
   
Dollars
   
%
 
Forged rolled rings - wind power industry
  $ 20,073       37.6 %   $ 6,724       15.9 %
Forged rolled rings – other industries
    15,654       29.3 %     10,769       25.5 %
Dyeing and finishing equipment
    17,213       32.2 %     22,465       53.1 %
Electrical power equipment
    517       1.0 %     2,327       5.5 %
Total
  $ 53,457       100 %   $ 42,285       100 %
 
In 2007, we purchased property from an affiliated company for a net price of approximately $10,950,000. The property consists of an approximately 100,000 square foot factory, land use rights, employee housing facilities and other leasehold improvements.  We are using this new facility to manufacture forged rolled rings and other components for use in the wind power and other industries.  With our expanded facilities designed to accommodate the manufacture of rolled rings with larger diameters, we plan to develop products designed to meet the needs of the wind power industry. Wind power accounts for an insignificant percentage of the power generated in the PRC, and our ability to market to this segment is dependent upon both the growth of the acceptance of wind power as an energy source in the PRC and the acceptance of our products.
 
Our products are sold for use by manufacturers of industrial equipment.  Because of the recent decline in oil prices and the general international economic trends, the demand for products used in manufacturing in general including wind power industries, is uncertain.  Although we believe that over the long term, the wind power segment will expand, and the government of the PRC has announced its desire to increase the use of wind power as an energy source, in the short term these factors may affect the requirements by our customers and potential customers for our products.  To the extent that the demand for our forged rolled rings declines, our revenue and net income will be affected.
 
A major element of our cost of sales is raw materials, principally steel and other metals. These metals are subject to price fluctuations, and recently these fluctuations have been significant.  In times of increasing prices, we need to try to fix the price at which we purchase raw materials in order to avoid increases in costs which we cannot recoup through increases in sales prices.  Similarly, in times of decreasing prices, we may have purchased metals at prices which are high in terms of the price at which we can sell our products, which also can impair our margins.
 
Our Organization
 
We were incorporated in Delaware on June 24, 1987 under the name Malex, Inc. We changed our corporate name to China Wind Systems, Inc. on December 18, 2007. At the time of the reverse acquisition, described below, we were not engaged in any business activities, and we were considered to be a blank-check shell company.
 
We are the sole stockholder of Fulland Limited, a Cayman Islands limited liability company. Fulland owns 100% of the capital stock of Green Power Environment Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., and Wuxi Fulland Wind Energy Equipment Co., Ltd., which are wholly foreign-owned enterprises organized under the laws of the PRC. Green Power is a party to a series of contractual arrangements dated October 12, 2007 with the Huayang Companies and their stockholders. Our corporate organizational structure, including the contractual arrangements with the Huayang Companies, is designed to comply with certain laws and regulations of the PRC which restrict the manner in which Chinese companies, particularly companies owned by Chinese residents, may raise funds from non-Chinese sources. The Huayang Companies are considered variable interest entities, and we are the primary beneficiary.  Our relationships with the Huayang Companies and their shareholders are governed by the contractual agreements.  As variable interest entities, the Huayang Companies’ sales are included in our total sales, their income from operations is consolidated with ours, and our net income includes all of the Huayang Companies’ net income.
 
 
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On November 13, 2007, we, then known as Malex, Inc., acquired Fulland in a transaction in which we issued 12,192,568 shares of common stock to the former stockholders of Fulland and purchased 2,668,830 shares of common stock from our then-principal stockholder and cancelled such shares. The exchange was treated as a recapitalization that gave effect to the share exchange agreement. Under generally accepted accounting principles, our acquisition of Fulland is considered to be capital transactions in substance, rather than a business combination. That is, the acquisition is equivalent to the acquisition by Fulland of us, with the issuance of stock by Fulland for the net monetary assets of Malex. This transaction is accompanied by a recapitalization, and is accounted for as a change in capital structure. Accordingly, the accounting for the acquisition is identical to that resulting from a reverse acquisition. Under reverse takeover accounting, our historical financial statements are those of the Fulland, which is treated as the acquiring party for accounting purposes. Since Fulland and Green Power were not engaged in any business activities, our financial statements for periods prior to the closing of the reverse acquisition reflect only business of the Huayang Companies. The financial statements reflect the recapitalization of the stockholders’ equity as if the transactions occurred as of the beginning of the first period presented.
 
Our executive offices are located No. 9 Yanyu Middle Road, Qianzhou Village, Huishan District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China 214181, telephone (86) 51083397559.   Our website is www.chinawindsystems.com.   Information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website or any other website is not part of this prospectus.  For additional information about us and our business, see “Where You Can Find More Information.”
 
Reverse Stock Split
 
On October 13, 2009, we effected a one-for-three reverse split of our common stock. All share and per share information in this prospectus retroactively reflects this reverse split.
 
RISK FACTORS

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider the risks described under “Risk Factors” together with all of the other information appearing in this prospectus or incorporated by reference into this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement. Our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially adversely affected by any of these risks.

Risks Related to Our Business

We are incurring significant obligations in developing the manufacture of forged rolled rings for use in the wind power industry and other industries with no assurance that we can or will be successful in this business.

We acquired buildings, land use rights and leasehold improvements from a related party for approximately $10,950,000 to manufacture components in our forged rolled ring operations, and we spent approximately $26,000,000 to purchase capital equipment to manufacture forging products and electro-slag re-melted forged products.  Wind power accounts for a small percentage of the power generated in the PRC, and our ability to market to this segment is dependent upon both an increased acceptance of wind power as an energy source in the PRC and the acceptance of our products. We are making the financial and manpower commitment in our belief that both there will be an increased demand for wind power in China and elsewhere, that the companies that manufacture wind power generation equipment will purchase our products. We cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully develop this business, and our failure to develop the business will have a material adverse effect on our overall financial condition and the results of our operations.
 
 
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We will require additional funds to expand our operations.

In connection with our expansion project for our business, we will incur significant capital and operational expenses. We do not presently have any funding commitments other than our present credit arrangements which we do not believe is sufficient to enable us to satisfy our purchase commitments and to otherwise complete our second expansion project for our business. If we are unable to obtain necessary capital to pay our purchase commitments and we cannot find alternative financing we may be unable to complete the next phase of our expansion or finance the growth of our existing business, which may impair our ability to operate profitably.  During 2009 and the first two months of 2010 we raised approximately $5.4 million from the private sale of our debt and equity securities, including the exercise of outstanding warrants, in a number of transactions.  A significant portion of the funds were raised on terms which we did not consider favorable.  Because of our stock price and the worldwide economic downturn, we may not be able to raise any additional funds that we require on favorable terms, if any.  The failure to obtain necessary financing may impair our ability to manufacture our products and continue in business.

You may suffer significant dilution if we raise additional capital.

If we need to raise additional capital to expand or continue operations, it may be necessary for us to issue additional equity or convertible debt securities, including any securities we may issue pursuant to this prospectus. If we issue equity or convertible debt securities, our net tangible book value per share may decrease, and the percentage ownership of our current stockholders would be diluted, and any equity securities we may issue may have rights, preferences or privileges senior or more advantageous to our common stockholders.

Because we sell capital equipment, our business is subject to our customers’ capital budget and we may suffer delays or cancellations of orders.

Our customers purchase our equipment as part of their capital budget. As a result, we are dependent upon receiving orders from companies that are either expanding their business, commencing a new business, upgrading their capital equipment or otherwise require capital equipment. Our business is therefore dependent upon both the economic health of these industries and our ability to offer products that meet regulatory requirements, including environmental requirements, of these industries and are cost justifiable, based on potential cost savings in using our equipment in contrast to existing equipment or equipment offered by others.  As a result of the worldwide economic downturn, the market for capital equipment in the textile industry has significantly declined, and sales of our dying products declined significantly. In 2009, we discontinued our electric power equipment segment because of the lack of business, and, if we are not able to generate sufficient business in our dying segment, we may discontinue this phase of our operations as well and limit our business to forged rolled rings and related products. We cannot predict the extent that the market for capital equipment in the wind power industries will be affected.  However, any economic slowdown can affect all purchasers and manufactures of capital equipment, and we cannot assure you that our forged rolled rings business will not be significantly impaired as a result of the worldwide economic downturn.

The nature of our products creates the possibility of significant product liability and warranty claims, which could harm our business. 

Customers use some of our products in potentially hazardous applications that can cause injury or loss of life and damage to property, equipment or the environment. In addition, some of our products are integral to the production process for some end-users and any failure of our products could result in a suspension of operations. We cannot be certain that our products will be completely free from defects. Moreover, we do not have any product liability insurance and may not have adequate resources to satisfy a judgment in the event of a successful claim against us. The successful assertion of product liability claims against us could result in potentially significant monetary damages and require us to make significant payments. In addition, because the insurance industry in China is still in its early stages of development, business interruption insurance available in China offers limited coverage compared to that offered in many other countries. We do not have any business interruption insurance. Any business disruption or natural disaster could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources.
 
 
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If we fail to introduce enhancements to our existing products or to keep abreast of technological changes in our markets, our business and results of operations could be adversely affected. 
 
Although certain technologies in the industries that we occupy are well established, we believe our future success depends in part on our ability to enhance our existing products and develop new products in order to continue to meet customer demands.  In particular, the next generation of wind turbines requires components that are stronger than the present generation.  Although we are seeking to address these requirements with our electro-slag re-melted forged products, our failure to introduce and develop a market for these and any other new or enhanced products on a timely and cost-competitive basis, as well as the development of processes that make our existing technologies or products obsolete could harm our business and results of operations.

 
Compliance with environmental regulations can be expensive, and noncompliance with these regulations may result in adverse publicity and potentially significant monetary damages and fines. 

As our manufacturing processes generate noise, wastewater, gaseous and other industrial wastes, we are required to comply with all national and local regulations regarding protection of the environment. If we fail to comply with present or future environmental regulations, we may be required to pay substantial fines, suspend production or cease operations. We use, generate and discharge toxic, volatile and otherwise hazardous chemicals and wastes in our activities. Any failure by us to control the use of or to restrict adequately, the discharge of hazardous substances could subject us to potentially significant monetary damages and fines or suspensions in our business operations.
 
Our products are subject to PRC regulations, which may materially adversely affect our business.

 
Government regulations influence the design, components or operation of our products. New regulations and changes to current regulations are always possible and, in some jurisdictions, regulations may be introduced with little or no time to bring non-compliant products into compliance with these regulations. Our failure to comply with these regulations may restrict our ability to sell our products in the PRC. In addition, these regulations may increase our cost of supplying the products by forcing us to redesign existing products or to use more expensive designs or components. In these cases, we may experience unexpected disruptions in our ability to supply customers with products, or we may incur unexpected costs or operational complexities to bring products into compliance. This could have an adverse effect on our revenues, gross profit margins and results of operations and increase the volatility of our financial results.
 
 
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The success of our businesses will depend on our ability to effectively develop and implement strategic business initiatives. 
 
In connection with the development and implementation of growth plans, we will incur additional expenses and capital expenditures. The development and implementation of these plans also requires management to divert a portion of its time from day-to-day operations. These expenses and diversions could have a significant impact on our operations and profitability, particularly if our plans for any new initiative prove to be unsuccessful. Moreover, if we are unable to implement any of our plans in a timely manner, or if those plans turn out to be ineffective or are executed improperly, our business and operating results would be adversely affected.
   
Our profitability may decline as a result of increasing pressure on margins. 
 
The textile and apparel industries have historically been subject to substantial cyclical variations and are particularly affected by adverse trends in the general economy, and are presently subject to the effects of the worldwide economic downturn and trade policies of other countries which have severely impacted these industries in China.  The reduction in demand for textile products has resulted in a reduction in the demand for capital equipment used in these industries.  This reduction in demand affects both our sales and our gross margin, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.  Any increased competition in the forged rolled rings segment could place pressure on our selling prices which could impair our margins for those products.
 
Failure to successfully reduce our production costs may adversely affect our financial results. 
 
A significant portion of our strategy relies upon our ability to successfully rationalize and improve the efficiency of our operations. In particular, we are relying on our ability to reduce our production costs in order to remain competitive. If we are not able to implement cost reduction measures, or if these efforts do not generate the level of cost savings that we expect going forward or result in higher than expected costs, there could be a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 
If we are unable to make necessary capital investments or respond to pricing pressures, our business may be harmed. 

 
In order to remain competitive, we need to invest in research and development, manufacturing, customer service and support, and marketing. From time to time we also have to adjust the prices of our products to remain competitive. We may not have available sufficient financial or other resources to continue to make investments necessary to maintain our competitive position.
 
A decrease in supply or increase in cost of the materials used in our products could harm our profitability. 
 
Any restrictions on the supply or the increase in the cost of the materials used by us in manufacturing our products, especially steel, could significantly reduce our profit margins. Efforts to mitigate restrictions on the supply or price increases of materials by entering into long-term purchase agreements, by implementing productivity improvements or by passing cost increases on to our customers may not be successful. Our profitability depends largely on the price and continuity of supply of the materials used in the manufacture of our products, which in many instances are supplied by a limited number of sources.

Unforeseen or recurring operational problems at our facilities may cause significant lost production, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Our manufacturing processes could be affected by operational problems that could impair our production capability. Our facilities contain complex and sophisticated machines that are used in our manufacturing process. Disruptions at our facilities could be caused by maintenance outages; prolonged power failures or reductions; a breakdown, failure or substandard performance of any of our machines; the effect of noncompliance with material environmental requirements or permits; disruptions in the transportation infrastructure, including railroad tracks, bridges, tunnels or roads; fires, floods, earthquakes or other catastrophic disasters; labor difficulties; or other operational problems. Any prolonged disruption in operations at our facilities could cause significant lost production, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

 
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Our officers and directors own a substantial portion of our outstanding common stock, which will enable them to influence many significant corporate actions and in certain circumstances may prevent a change in control that would otherwise be beneficial to our shareholders.
 
As of April 15, 2010, our officers and directors and members of their families beneficially owned approximately 9,647,299 common shares out of 17,730,537 common shares, or 54.4% of our outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote on all corporate actions. These stockholders, acting together, could have a substantial impact on matters requiring the vote of the shareholders, including the election of our directors and most of our corporate actions. This control could delay, defer or prevent others from initiating a potential merger, takeover or other change in our control, even if these actions would benefit our shareholders and us. This control could adversely affect the voting and other rights of our other shareholders and could depress the market price of our common stock.

Our business depends substantially on the continuing efforts of our executive officers and our ability to maintain a skilled labor force, and our business may be severely disrupted if we lose their services. 

 
Our future success depends substantially on the continued services of our executive officers, especially Mr. Jianhua Wu, our chief executive officer and the chairman of our board of directors. We do not maintain key man life insurance on any of our executive officers. If one or more of our executive officers are unable or unwilling to continue in their present positions, we may not be able to replace them readily, if at all. Therefore, our business may be severely disrupted, and we may incur additional expenses to recruit and retain new officers. In addition, if any of our executives joins a competitor or forms a competing company, we may lose some of our customers.

If we are unable to attract, train and retain technical and financial personnel, our business may be materially and adversely affected. 

Our future success depends, to a significant extent, on our ability to attract, train and retain technical and financial personnel. Recruiting and retaining capable personnel, particularly those with expertise in our chosen industries, are vital to our success. There is substantial competition for qualified technical and financial personnel, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to attract or retain our technical and financial personnel. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified employees, our business may be materially and adversely affected.

Our failure to protect our intellectual property rights may undermine our competitive position, and litigation to protect our intellectual property rights or defend against third-party allegations of infringement may be costly. 

We rely primarily on trade secret and contractual restrictions in non-disclosure agreements with our employees to protect our intellectual property. Nevertheless, these afford only limited protection and the actions we take to protect our intellectual property rights may not be adequate. As a result, third parties may infringe or misappropriate our proprietary technologies or other intellectual property rights, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results. In addition, policing unauthorized use of proprietary technology can be difficult and expensive. Litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights, protect our trade secrets or determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others and the enforcement of intellectual property rights in China may be difficult. We cannot assure you that the outcome of any litigation will be in our favor. Intellectual property litigation may be costly and may divert management attention as well as expend our other resources away from our business. An adverse determination in any such litigation will impair our intellectual property rights and may harm our business, prospects and reputation. In addition, we have no insurance coverage against litigation costs and would have to bear all costs arising from such litigation to the extent we are unable to recover them from other parties. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 
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Implementation of China’s intellectual property-related laws has historically been lacking, primarily because of ambiguities in China’s laws and difficulties in enforcement. Accordingly, intellectual property rights and confidentiality protections in China may not be as effective as in the United States or other countries.

We have limited business insurance coverage.

The insurance industry in China is still at an early stage of development. Insurance companies in China offer limited business insurance products. We do not have any business liability or disruption insurance coverage for our operations in China. Any business disruption, litigation or natural disaster may result in our incurring substantial costs and the diversion of our resources.

Risks Related to Conducting Business in the PRC

PRC laws and regulations governing our businesses and the validity of certain of our contractual arrangements are uncertain. If we are found to be in violation, we could be subject to sanctions. In addition, changes in such PRC laws and regulations may materially and adversely affect our business.
 
There are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of PRC laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, the laws and regulations governing our business, or the enforcement and performance of our contractual arrangements with our affiliated Chinese entities, the Huayang Companies, and its shareholders. We are considered a foreign person or foreign invested enterprise under PRC law. As a result, we are subject to PRC law limitations on foreign ownership of Chinese companies. These laws and regulations are relatively new and may be subject to change, and their official interpretation and enforcement may involve substantial uncertainty. The effectiveness of newly enacted laws, regulations or amendments may be delayed, resulting in detrimental reliance by foreign investors. New laws and regulations that affect existing and proposed future businesses may also be applied retroactively.
 
The PRC government has broad discretion in dealing with violations of laws and regulations, including levying fines, revoking business and other licenses and requiring actions necessary for compliance. In particular, licenses and permits issued or granted to us by relevant governmental bodies may be revoked at a later time by higher regulatory bodies. We cannot predict the effect of the interpretation of existing or new PRC laws or regulations on our businesses. We cannot assure you that our current ownership and operating structure would not be found in violation of any current or future PRC laws or regulations. As a result, we may be subject to sanctions, including fines, and could be required to restructure our operations or cease to provide certain services. Any of these or similar actions could significantly disrupt our business operations or restrict us from conducting a substantial portion of our business operations, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
 
The PRC government restricts foreign investment in businesses in China, where we operate. Although we believe we comply with current PRC regulations, we cannot assure you that the PRC government would agree that these operating arrangements comply with PRC licensing, registration or other regulatory requirements, with existing policies or with requirements or policies that may be adopted in the future. If the PRC government determines that we do not comply with applicable law, it could revoke our business and operating licenses, require us to discontinue or restrict our operations, restrict our right to collect revenues, require us to restructure our operations, impose additional conditions or requirements with which we may not be able to comply, impose restrictions on our business operations or on our customers, or take other regulatory or enforcement actions against us that could be harmful to our business.
 
 
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Our contractual arrangements with the Huayang Companies and its stockholders may not be as effective in providing control over these entities as direct ownership.

We operate a significant portion of our business through the Huayang Companies.  The equity in these companies is owned by our chief executive officer and his wife, and we have no equity ownership interest in the Huayang Companies.  We rely on contractual arrangements to control and operate such businesses. These contractual arrangements may not be effective in providing control over the Huayang Companies as direct ownership. For example, the Huayang Companies could fail to take actions required for our businesses despite its contractual obligation to do so. If the Huayang Companies fail to perform under their agreements with us, we may have to incur substantial costs and resources to enforce such arrangements and may have to rely on legal remedies under the law of the PRC, which may not be effective. In addition, we cannot assure you that the Huayang Companies’ shareholders would always act in our best interests.

Adverse changes in political and economic policies of the Chinese government could have a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth of China, which could reduce the demand for our products and materially and adversely affect our competitive position.

All of our business operations are conducted and all of our revenues are made in China. Accordingly, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects are affected significantly by economic, political and legal developments in China. The Chinese economy differs from the economies of most developed countries in many respects, including:
 
 
the amount of government involvement;
     
 
the level of development;
     
 
the growth rate;
     
 
the control of foreign exchange; and
     
 
the allocation of resources.
 
While the Chinese economy has grown significantly in the past 20 years, the growth has been uneven, both geographically and among various sectors of the economy, and the worldwide economic downturn has affected China.   As a result, Chinese exports, including textiles, have decreased substantially and a number of companies have closed their businesses, which affects the demand for capital goods.  The Chinese government has implemented various measures to encourage economic growth and guide the allocation of resources. Some of these measures benefit the overall Chinese economy, but may also have a negative effect on us. For example, our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by government control over capital investments or changes in tax regulations that are applicable to us.

The Chinese economy has been transitioning from a planned economy to a more market-oriented economy. Although in recent years the Chinese government has implemented measures emphasizing the utilization of market forces for economic reform, the reduction of state ownership of productive assets and the establishment of sound corporate governance in business enterprises, a substantial portion of the productive assets in China is still owned by the Chinese government. The continued control of these assets and other aspects of the national economy by the Chinese government could materially and adversely affect our business. The Chinese government also exercises significant control over Chinese economic growth through the allocation of resources, controlling payment of foreign currency-denominated obligations, setting monetary policy and providing preferential treatment to particular industries or companies. Efforts by the Chinese government to slow the pace of growth of the Chinese economy could result in decreased capital expenditure by solar energy users, which in turn could reduce demand for our products.  Furthermore, in response to the worldwide economic downturn, the Chinese government may seek to increase its control over businesses which could affect our business.

Any adverse change in the economic conditions or government policies in China could have a material adverse effect on the overall economic growth and the level of renewable energy investments and expenditures in China, which in turn could lead to a reduction in demand for our products and consequently have a material adverse effect on our businesses.

 
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Uncertainties with respect to the Chinese legal system could have a material adverse effect on us.

We conduct substantially all of our business through our Chinese subsidiaries and affiliates, which are generally subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China and, in particular, laws applicable to wholly foreign-owned enterprises. China’s legal system is based on written statutes. Prior court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential value. Since 1979, Chinese legislation and regulations have significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investments in China. However, since these laws and regulations are relatively new and China’s legal system continues to rapidly evolve, the interpretations of many laws, regulations and rules are not always uniform and enforcement of these laws, regulations and rules involve uncertainties, which may limit legal protections available to us. In addition, any litigation in China may be protracted and result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention.

We rely on dividends paid by our subsidiaries for our cash needs

We conduct substantially all of our operations through our subsidiaries and variable interest entities. We rely on dividends from our subsidiaries for our cash needs, including the funds necessary to pay any dividends which we may declare and other cash distributions to our shareholders, to service any debt we may incur and to pay our operating expenses. The payment of dividends by entities organized in China is subject to limitations. Regulations in China currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with accounting standards and regulations in China. We are also required to set aside at least 10.0% of our after-tax profit based on China’s accounting standards each year to our general reserves until the accumulative amount of such reserves reach 50% of our registered capital. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends. Our subsidiaries are also required to allocate a portion of their after-tax profits to their staff welfare and bonus funds, which may not be distributed to equity owners except in the event of liquidation. In addition, if our subsidiaries incur debt, the instruments governing the debt may restrict their ability to pay dividends or make other distributions to us.

Fluctuation in the value of the RM B may have a material adverse effect on your investment.

The change in value of the RMB against the U.S. dollar and other currencies is affected by, among other things, changes in China’s political and economic conditions. On July 21, 2005, the Chinese government changed its decade-old policy of pegging the value of the RMB to the U.S. dollar. Under the new policy, the RMB is permitted to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies. This change in policy has resulted in appreciation of RMB against U.S. dollar. There remains significant international pressure on the Chinese government to adopt a more flexible currency policy, which could result in a further and more significant appreciation of the RMB against the U.S. dollar. As our costs and expenses are generally denominated in RMB, potential future revaluation has and could further increase our costs. Any significant revaluation of the RMB may have a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition, and the value of, and any of our dividends payable on our ordinary shares in foreign currency terms.
 
 
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Restrictions on currency exchange may limit our ability to receive and use our revenues effectively.

Under China’s existing foreign exchange regulations, our Chinese subsidiaries are able to pay dividends in foreign currencies, without prior approval from the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, we cannot assure you that that the Chinese government will not take further measures in the future to restrict access to foreign currencies for current account transactions.  Foreign exchange transactions by our Chinese subsidiaries under the capital account continue to be subject to significant foreign exchange controls and require the approval of China’s governmental authorities, including SAFE. In particular, if a subsidiary borrows foreign currency loans from us or other foreign lenders, these loans must be registered with SAFE, and if we finance the subsidiary by means of additional capital contributions, these capital contributions must be approved by certain government authorities including the Ministry of Commerce or its local counterparts. These limitations could affect the ability of our subsidiaries to obtain foreign exchange through debt or equity financing.

Failure to comply with PRC regulations relating to the establishment of offshore special purpose companies by PRC residents may subject our PRC resident stockholders to personal liability, limit our ability to acquire PRC companies or to inject capital into our PRC subsidiaries, limit our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to distribute profits to us or otherwise materially adversely affect us.

In October 2005, SAFE issued the Notice on Relevant Issues in the Foreign Exchange Control over Financing and Return Investment Through Special Purpose Companies by Residents Inside China, generally referred to as Circular 75, which required PRC residents to register with the competent local SAFE branch before establishing or acquiring control over an offshore special purpose company for the purpose of engaging in an equity financing outside of China on the strength of domestic PRC assets originally held by those residents. Internal implementing guidelines issued by SAFE, which became public in June 2007 (known as Notice 106), expanded the reach of Circular 75 by (i) purporting to cover the establishment or acquisition of control by PRC residents of offshore entities which merely acquire “control” over domestic companies or assets, even in the absence of legal ownership; (ii) adding requirements relating to the source of the PRC resident’s funds used to establish or acquire the offshore entity; (iii) covering the use of existing offshore entities for offshore financings; (iv) purporting to cover situations in which an offshore special purpose vehicle establishes a new subsidiary in China or acquires an unrelated company or unrelated assets in China; and (v) making the domestic affiliate of the special purpose vehicle responsible for the accuracy of certain documents which must be filed in connection with any such registration, notably, the business plan which describes the overseas financing and the use of proceeds. Amendments to registrations made under Circular 75 are required in connection with any increase or decrease of capital, transfer of shares, mergers and acquisitions, equity investment or creation of any security interest in any assets located in China to guarantee offshore obligations, and Notice 106 makes the offshore special purpose vehicle jointly responsible for these filings. In the case of a special purpose vehicle which was established, and which acquired a related domestic company or assets, before the implementation date of Circular 75, a retroactive SAFE registration was required to have been completed before March 31, 2006; this date was subsequently extended indefinitely by Notice 106, which also required that the registrant establish that all foreign exchange transactions undertaken by the special purpose vehicle and its affiliates were in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Failure to comply with the requirements of Circular 75, as applied by SAFE in accordance with Notice 106, may result in fines and other penalties under PRC laws for evasion of applicable foreign exchange restrictions. Any such failure could also result in the special purpose vehicle’s affiliates being impeded or prevented from distributing their profits and the proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation to the special purpose vehicle, or from engaging in other transfers of funds into or out of China. We cannot provide any assurances that their existing registrations have fully complied with, and they have made all necessary amendments to their registration to fully comply with, all applicable registrations or approvals required by Circular 75. Moreover, because of uncertainty over how Circular 75 will be interpreted and implemented, and how or whether SAFE will apply it to us, we cannot predict how it will affect our business operations or future strategies.

Risks Related to our Common Stock

 Our stock price may be volatile.

The trading price of our common stock has been and may continue to be volatile as well as subject to wide fluctuations in price in response to various factors, some of which are beyond our control. These factors include:

 
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Quarterly variations in our results of operations.

 
Announcements by us or our competitors of acquisitions, new products, significant contracts, commercial relationships or capital commitments.
 
 
Our ability to develop and market new and enhanced products on a timely basis.
 
 
Changes in governmental regulations or in the status of our regulatory approvals.
 
 
Changes in earnings estimates or recommendations by securities analysts.

 
General economic conditions and slow or negative growth of related markets.

These broad market and industry factors may seriously harm the market price of our Common Stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.

If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls, our ability to provide accurate financial statements and comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 could be impaired, which could cause our stock price to decrease substantially.

Prior to November 2007, the Huayang Companies operated as private companies without public reporting obligations, and they allocated limited personnel and resources to the development of the external reporting and compliance obligations that would be required of a public company. We are continuing to institute changes to satisfy our obligations in under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We will need to continue to improve our financial and managerial controls, reporting systems and procedures, and documentation thereof. If our financial and managerial controls, reporting systems or procedures fail, we may not be able to provide accurate financial statements on a timely basis or comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Any failure of our internal controls or our ability to provide accurate financial statements could cause the trading price of our common stock to decrease substantially.

We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends.

We presently do not anticipate that we will pay any dividends on any of our capital stock in the foreseeable future. The securities purchase agreement relating to our November 2007 private placement prohibits the payment of dividends on our common stock or the purchase of common stock while the series A preferred stock is outstanding.  Subject to this restriction, the payment of any dividends is within the discretion of our board of directors. We presently intend to retain all earnings, if any, to implement our business plan; and we do not anticipate the declaration of any dividends in the foreseeable future.

USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities under this prospectus for general corporate purposes, including expanding our products, and for general working capital purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire or invest in businesses and products that are complementary to our own, although we have no current plans, commitments or agreements with respect to any acquisitions as of the date of this prospectus.
 
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 We may sell the securities offered through this prospectus (i) to or through underwriters or dealers, (ii) directly to purchasers, including our affiliates, (iii) through agents, or (iv) through a combination of any these methods. The securities may be distributed at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed, market prices prevailing at the time of sale, prices related to the prevailing market prices, or negotiated prices. The prospectus supplement will include the following information:

 
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·
The terms of the offering;

·
The names of any underwriters or agents;

·
The name or names of any managing underwriter or underwriters;

·
The purchase price of the securities;

·
Any over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;

·
The net proceeds from the sale of the securities

·
Any delayed delivery arrangements

·
Any underwriting discounts, commissions and other items constituting underwriters’ compensation;

·
Any initial public offering price;

·
Any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers;

·
Any commissions paid to agents; and

·
Any securities exchange or market on which the securities may be listed.
 
Sale Through Underwriters or Dealers

Only underwriters named in the prospectus supplement are underwriters of the securities offered by the prospectus supplement.

If underwriters are used in the sale, the underwriters will acquire the securities for their own account, including through underwriting, purchase, security lending or repurchase agreements with us. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions. Underwriters may sell the securities in order to facilitate transactions in any of our other securities (described in this prospectus or otherwise), including other public or private transactions and short sales. Underwriters may offer securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the offered securities if they purchase any of them. The underwriters may change from time to time any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.

If dealers are used in the sale of securities offered through this prospectus, we will sell the securities to them as principals. They may then resell those securities to the public at varying prices determined by the dealers at the time of resale. The prospectus supplement will include the names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction.
 
 
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Direct Sales and Sales Through Agents

We may sell the securities offered through this prospectus directly. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. Such securities may also be sold through agents designated from time to time. The prospectus supplement will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities and will describe any commissions payable to the agent. Unless otherwise indicated in the prospectus supplement, any agent will agree to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of its appointment.

We may sell the securities directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sale of those securities. The terms of any such sales will be described in the prospectus supplement.

Delayed Delivery Contracts

If the prospectus supplement indicates, we may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers from certain types of institutions to purchase securities at the public offering price under delayed delivery contracts. These contracts would provide for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. The contracts would be subject only to those conditions described in the prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the commission payable for solicitation of those contracts.

Continuous Offering Program

Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, we may enter into a continuous offering program equity distribution agreement with a broker-dealer, under which we may offer and sell shares of our common stock from time to time through a broker-dealer as our sales agent. If we enter into such a program, sales of the shares of common stock, if any, will be made by means of ordinary brokers’ transactions on such securities market or exchange on which our common stock is then traded, at market prices, block transactions and such other transactions as agreed upon by us and the broker-dealer. Under the terms of such a program, we also may sell shares of common stock to the broker-dealer, as principal for its own account at a price agreed upon at the time of sale. If we sell shares of common stock to such broker-dealer as principal, we will enter into a separate terms agreement with such broker-dealer, and we will describe this agreement in a separate prospectus supplement or pricing supplement.

Market Making, Stabilization and Other Transactions

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, other than our common stock all securities we offer under this prospectus will be a new issue and will have no established trading market. We may elect to list offered securities on an exchange or in the over-the-counter market. Any underwriters that we use in the sale of offered securities may make a market in such securities, but may discontinue such market making at any time without notice. Therefore, we cannot assure you that the securities will have a liquid trading market.

Any underwriter may also engage in stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Rule 104 under the Securities Exchange Act. Stabilizing transactions involve bids to purchase the underlying security in the open market for the purpose of pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of the securities. Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of the securities in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions.

Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the securities originally sold by the syndicate member are purchased in a syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions. Stabilizing transactions, syndicate covering transactions and penalty bids may cause the price of the securities to be higher than it would be in the absence of the transactions. The underwriters may, if they commence these transactions, discontinue them at any time.

General Information

Agents, underwriters, and dealers may be entitled, under agreements entered into with us, to indemnification by us against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Our agents, underwriters, and dealers, or their affiliates, may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business.

 
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

Common Stock

Our authorized capital stock consists of 150,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, and 60,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. Holders of our common stock are entitled to equal voting rights, consisting of one vote per share on all matters submitted to a stockholder vote. Holders of common stock do not have cumulative voting rights. Therefore, holders of a majority of the shares of common stock voting for the election of directors can elect all of the directors. The presence, in person or by proxy, of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote are necessary to constitute a quorum at any meeting of our stockholders. A vote by the holders of a majority of our outstanding shares is required to effectuate certain fundamental corporate changes such as liquidation, merger or an amendment to our articles of incorporation. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, either voluntarily or involuntarily, each outstanding share of the common stock is entitled to share equally in our assets.
 
Holders of our common stock have no pre-emptive rights, no conversion rights and there are no redemption provisions applicable to our common stock. They are entitled to receive dividends when and as declared by our board, out of funds legally available therefore. We have not paid cash dividends in the past and do not expect to pay any within the foreseeable future since any earnings are expected to be reinvested. Further, pursuant to the securities purchase agreement relating to our November 2007 private placement, we cannot pay dividends while the series A preferred stock is outstanding.
 
Preferred Stock

Our certificate of incorporation gives our board of directors the power to issue shares of preferred stock in one or more series without stockholder approval. Our board of directors has the discretion to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, of each series of preferred stock. The purpose of authorizing our board of directors to issue preferred stock and determine its rights and preferences is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or could discourage a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock. Except for the series A preferred stock, we have no present plans to issue any shares of preferred stock. Our certificate of incorporation includes a provision which states that any rights, options and warrants may provide that any or all of such terms and conditions may not be waived or amended or may be waived or amended only with the consent of the holders of a designated percentage of a designated class or classes of our capital stock (or a designated group or groups of holders within such class or classes, including but not limited to disinterested holders), and the applicable terms and conditions of any such rights, options or warrants so conditioned may not be waived or amended or may not be waived or amended absent such consent. This relates to the terms of the warrants that provide that the 4.9% limitation on the number of shares of common stock that a warrant holder may beneficially own may not be amended.

 
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Series A Preferred Stock
 
We presently have one series of preferred stock outstanding, the series A convertible preferred stock, which covers 60,000,000 shares.  As of April 15, 2010, there were 15,134,264 shares of series A preferred stock outstanding.  Each share of series A preferred stock is convertible into one-third of a share of common stock, subject to adjustment. The certificate of designation relating to the series A preferred stock provides that, if we issue common stock at a price, or options, warrants or other convertible securities with a conversion or exercise price less than the conversion price (presently $1.122 per share), with certain specified exceptions, the number of shares issuable upon conversion of one share of series A preferred stock is adjusted to reflect a conversion price equal to the lower price.  All of the holders of the series A preferred stock have agreed to waive any adjustment based on the issuance of common stock or the issuance of options or warrants or other convertible securities at an exercise or conversion price at a price below the conversion price, and we have agreed, as long as the series A preferred stock is outstanding, not to issue shares at a price, or grant options or warrants or other convertible securities at an exercise or conversion price which is less than the conversion price.  This agreement is binding on the present holders of the series A preferred stock and their transferees.
 
No dividends are payable with respect to the series A preferred stock. While the series A preferred stock is outstanding, we may not pay dividends on or redeem shares of common stock.
 
Upon any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, the holders of the series A preferred stock are entitled to a preference of $.374 per share before any distributions or payments may be made with respect to the common stock or any other class or series of capital stock which is junior to the series A preferred stock upon voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up.
 
The holders of the series A preferred stock have no voting rights, with certain limited exceptions.As long as any shares of series A preferred stock are outstanding, we shall not, without the affirmative approval of the holders of 75% of the outstanding shares of series A preferred stock then outstanding, (a) alter or change adversely the powers, preferences or rights given to the series A preferred stock or alter, (b) authorize or create any class of stock ranking as to dividends or distribution of assets upon liquidation senior to or otherwise pari passu with the series A preferred stock, or any of preferred stock possessing greater voting rights or the right to convert at a more favorable price than the series A preferred stock, (c) amend our certificate of incorporation or other charter documents in breach of any of the provisions hereof, (d) increase the authorized number of shares of series A preferred stock, or (e) enter into any agreement with respect to the foregoing.

The holders of the series A preferred stock may not convert the series A preferred stock to the extent that such conversion would result in the holders and their affiliates owning more than 4.9% of our outstanding common stock. This limitation may not be amended or waived; provided, that the limitation does not supply with respect to a change of control. The shares of series A preferred stock are automatically converted upon a change of control, as defined in the certificate of designation.
 
Warrants

The following table summarizes information about stock warrants outstanding and exercisable as of April 15, 2010.
 
 
Exercise
Price
   
Outstanding
April 15,
2010
   
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life in
Years
   
Number
exercisable
 
  $ 1.20       1,989,092       2.79       1,989,092  
  $ 1.698       1,985,681       2.58       1,985,681  
                               
            3,974,773               3,974,773  

If we issue warrants in connection with an offering of securities, the applicable prospectus supplement will describe the following terms, where applicable, of the warrants in respect of which this prospectus is being delivered:

·
The title of the warrants;
 
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·
The aggregate number of the warrants;

·
The price or prices at which the warrants will be issued;

·
The designation, amount and terms of the offered securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants;

·
if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the offered securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants will be separately transferable;

·
The terms of the securities purchasable upon exercise of such warrants and the procedures and conditions relating to the exercise of such warrants;

·
Any provisions for adjustment of the number or amount of securities receivable upon exercise of the warrants or the exercise price of the warrants;

·
The price or prices at which and currency or currencies in which the offered securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants may be purchased;

·
The date on which the right to exercise the warrants shall commence and the date on which the right shall expire;

·
The minimum or maximum amount of the warrants that may be exercised at any one time;

·
information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any;

·
if appropriate, a discussion of Federal income tax consequences; and

·
Any other material terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the warrants.
 
We anticipate that warrants for the purchase of common stock or preferred stock will be offered and exercisable for U.S. dollars only. Warrants will be issued in registered form only.
 
Upon receipt of payment and the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as practicable, forward the purchased securities. If less than all of the warrants represented by the warrant certificate are exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining warrants.
 
Prior to the exercise of any securities warrants to purchase common stock, holders of the warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the common stock purchasable upon exercise, including in the case of securities warrants for the purchase of common stock, the right to vote or to receive any payments of dividends on the common stock purchasable upon exercise.

Debt Securities

The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, but is not complete. We may issue debt securities, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any future debt securities we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless the context requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the “indentures,” we also are referring to any supplemental indentures that specify the terms of a particular series of debt securities.

 
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We may issue any new debt securities under an indenture that we will enter into with a trustee named in such indenture, all as set forth in a prospectus supplement. The form of any such indentures will be filed in an amendment to this registration statement relating to the prospectus supplement.  Any indenture and any trustee will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act”).
 
The following summaries of material provisions of any senior debt securities, any subordinated debt securities and the related indentures are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of any indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to any debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as the complete indentures that contains the terms of any debt securities. Except as we may otherwise indicate, the terms of any senior indenture and any subordinated indenture will be identical.
 
In addition, the material specific financial, legal and other terms as well as any material U.S. federal income tax consequences particular to securities of each series will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to the securities of that series. The prospectus supplement may or may not modify the general terms found in this prospectus and will be filed with the SEC. For a complete description of the terms of a particular series of debt securities, you should read both this prospectus and the prospectus supplement relating to that particular series.
 
General
 
The terms of each series of debt securities will be established by or pursuant to a resolution of our board of directors and set forth or determined in the manner provided in an officers’ certificate or by a supplement indenture. Debt securities may be issued in separate series without limitation as to aggregate principal amount. We may specify a maximum aggregate principal amount for the debt securities of any series. This section and the applicable prospectus supplement summarize all the material terms of the applicable indenture and the debt security being offered. They do not, however, describe every aspect of the indenture and the debt security. For example, in this section and the prospectus supplement we use terms that have been given special meaning in the indenture, but we describe the meaning for only the more important of those terms. We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of debt securities being offered, including:

 
the title;
 
the principal amount being offered, and if a series, the total amount authorized and the total amount outstanding;
 
any limit on the amount that may be issued;
 
whether or not we will issue the series of debt securities in global form, and, if so, the terms and who the depositary will be;
 
the maturity date;
 
the annual interest rate, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;
 
whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;
 
the terms of the subordination of any series of subordinated debt;
 
the place where payments will be payable;
 
restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;
 
our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;
 
the date, if any, after which, and the price at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;

 
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the date, if any, on which, and the price at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option, to purchase, the series of debt securities and the currency or currency unit in which the debt securities are payable;
 
whether the indenture will restrict our ability to:
 
incur additional indebtedness;
 
issue additional securities;
 
create liens;
 
Pay dividends or make distributions in respect of our capital stock or the capital stock of our subsidiaries;
 
redeem capital stock;
 
place restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends, make distributions or transfer assets;
 
make investments or other restricted payments;
 
Sell or otherwise dispose of assets;
 
enter into sale-leaseback transactions;
 
engage in transactions with stockholders or affiliates;
 
issue or sell stock of our subsidiaries; or
 
effect a consolidation or merger;
 
whether the indenture will require us to maintain any interest coverage, fixed charge, cash flow-based, asset-based or other financial ratios;
 
A discussion of certain material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the debt securities;
 
information describing any book-entry features;
 
provisions for a sinking fund purchase or other analogous fund, if any;
 
the applicability of the provisions in the indenture on discharge;
 
whether the debt securities are to be offered at a price such that they will be deemed to be offered at an “original issue discount” as defined in paragraph (a) of Section 1273 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;
 
the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof;
 
the currency of payment of debt securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars; and
 
• 
any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, including any additional events of default or covenants provided with respect to the debt securities, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations.
 
Principal Amount, Stated Maturity and Maturity
 
The principal amount of a debt security means the principal amount payable at its stated maturity, unless that amount is not determinable, in which case the principal amount of a debt security is its face amount.
 
The term “stated maturity,” with respect to any debt security, means the day on which the principal amount of your debt security is scheduled to become due. The principal may become due sooner, by reason of redemption or acceleration after a default or otherwise in accordance with the terms of the debt security or the applicable indenture. The day on which the principal actually becomes due, whether at the stated maturity or earlier, is called the “maturity” of the principal.
 
We also use the terms “stated maturity” and “maturity” to refer to the days when other payments become due. For example, we may refer to a regular interest payment date when an installment of interest is scheduled to become due as the “stated maturity” of that installment. When we refer to the “stated maturity” or the “maturity” of a debt security without specifying a particular payment, we mean the stated maturity or maturity, as the case may be, of the principal.

 
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Conversion or Exchange Rights

We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or other securities.  We will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option.  We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock or other securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.

Consolidation, Merger or Sale

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the indentures will not contain any covenant that is a material restriction on our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets.

Events of Default under the Indenture

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indentures with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:
 
 
• 
If we fail to pay interest when due and payable and our failure continues for 90 days and the time for payment has not been extended;
 
• 
If we fail to pay the principal, premium or sinking fund payment, if any, when due and payable at maturity, upon redemption or repurchase or otherwise, and the time for payment has not been extended;
 
• 
If we fail to observe or perform any other covenant contained in the debt securities or the indentures, other than a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive notice from the trustee or we and the trustee receive notice from the holders of at least 51% , or such other percent as shall be set forth in the debt instrument or indenture, in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series; and
 
• 
If specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur.
 
We will describe in each applicable prospectus supplement any additional events of default or differences in the events of default identified above relating to the relevant series of debt securities.

If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the trustee or the holders of at least 51%, or such other percent as shall be set forth in the debt instrument or indenture, in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately.  If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the unpaid principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, of each issue of debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the trustee or any holder.

Subject to the terms of the indentures, the holders of a majority, or such other percent as shall be set forth in the debt instrument or indenture, in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture.  Any waiver shall cure the default or event of default.

Subject to the terms of the indentures, if an event of default under an indenture occurs and continues, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity or security satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense.  The holders of a majority, or such other percent as shall be set forth in the debt instrument or indenture, in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:

 
- 24 -

 
 
 
the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and
 
subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.
 
The indentures provide that if an event of default has occurred and is continuing, the trustee will be required in the exercise of its powers to use the degree of care that a prudent person would use in the conduct of its own affairs.  The trustee, however, may refuse to follow any direction that conflicts with law or the indenture, or that the trustee determines is unduly prejudicial to the rights of any other holder of the relevant series of debt securities, or that would involve the trustee in personal liability.  Prior to taking any action under the indentures, the trustee will be entitled to indemnification against all costs, expenses and liabilities that would be incurred by taking or not taking such action.

Modification of Indenture; Waiver

Subject to the terms of the indenture for any series of debt securities that we may issue, we and the trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to the following specific matters:
 
 
to fix any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture;
 
to comply with assumption of obligations in the event of a consolidation, merger, or sale;
 
to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act;
 
to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, provided that it does not have a material adverse effect on any holders as set forth in the indenture;
 
to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the debt securities of any series as provided under “Description of Debt Securities — General,” to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the indenture or any series of debt securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities;
 
to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee;
 
to provide for uncertificated debt securities and to make all appropriate changes for such purpose;
 
to add to our covenants such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the benefit of the holders, to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default or to surrender any right or power conferred to us in the indenture; or
 
to change anything that does not adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series in any material respect.
 
In addition, under the indentures, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected.  However, subject to the terms of the indenture for any series of debt securities that we may issue or otherwise provided in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we and the trustee may only make the following changes with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:
 
 
extending the stated maturity of the series of debt securities;
 
reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or reducing any premium payable upon the redemption or repurchase of any debt securities; or
 
reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver.

 
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Discharge

Each indenture provides that, subject to the terms of the indenture and any limitation otherwise provided in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for specified obligations, including obligations to:
 
 
register the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the series;
 
replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series;
 
maintain paying agencies;
 
recover excess money held by the trustee;
 
compensate and indemnify the trustee; and
 
appoint any successor trustee.

In order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, any premium and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.

Form, Exchange and Transfer

We may issue debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.  The indentures will provide that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company or another depositary named by us and identified in a prospectus supplement with respect to that series (the “Depository”).  See “Book-Entry” below for a further description of the terms relating to any book-entry securities.

At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.

Subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose.  Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will make no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.

We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities.  We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.

Subordination

Any debt securities which are designated as subordinated debt will be unsecured and will be subordinate and junior in priority of payment to certain of our other indebtedness to the extent described in a prospectus supplement. The subordinated indenture does not limit the amount of subordinated notes which we may issue, nor does it limit us from issuing any other secured or unsecured debt.

 
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Delaware Law and Certain Charter and By-law Provisions
 
We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law statute. Section 203 prohibits a publicly-held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A “business combination” includes mergers, asset sales and other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. Subject to certain exceptions, an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within the prior three years did own, 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock.
 
Our certificate of incorporation contains certain provisions permitted under Delaware General Corporation Law relating to the liability of directors. The provisions eliminate a director’s liability for monetary damages for a breach of fiduciary duty, except in certain circumstances where such liability may not be eliminated under applicable law. Further, our certificate of incorporation contains provisions to indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware General Corporation Law.
 
  Transfer Agent

The transfer agent for our common stock is Empire Stock Transfer, Inc., its address is 1859 Whitney Mesa Dr., Henderson, NV 89014, and its telephone number is (702) 818-5898.
  
LEGAL MATTERS
 
                 The validity of the securities being offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Sichenzia Ross Friedman Ference LLP, New York, New York. If the validity of any securities is also passed upon by counsel any underwriters, dealers or agents, that counsel will be named in the prospectus supplement relating to that specific offering.
 
EXPERTS
 
The consolidated financial statements of China Wind Systems, Inc. as of  December 31, 2009 and 2008 and for the fiscal years then ended have been audited by Sherb & Co. LLP, independent auditors, as set forth in their report thereon included therein and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
 
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
 
We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy these reports, proxy statements and other information at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. You can request copies of these documents by writing to the SEC and paying a fee for the copying cost. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the Public Reference Room. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy statements and other information about issuers, like us, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of the SEC’s web site is http://www.sec.gov . Our common stock is listed for trading on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “CWS.”
 
We have filed a registration statement on Form S-3 with the SEC to register the securities that may be offered pursuant to this prospectus. This prospectus is part of that registration statement and, as permitted by the SEC’s rules, does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement. For further information about us, this offering and our common stock, you may refer to the registration statement and its exhibits and schedules as well as the documents described herein or incorporated herein by reference. You can review and copy these documents, without charge, at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC or on the SEC’s website as described above, or you may obtain a copy from the SEC upon payment of the fees prescribed by the SEC.

 
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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
 
The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with them, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information we incorporate by reference is considered to be an important part of this prospectus, and information that we file with the SEC at a later date will automatically add to, update or supersede this information.
 
   We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the documents listed below:
 
 
our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended  December 31, 2009 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2010;
 
 
our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on February 17, 2010;
 
 
our current reports on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on the following dates:
 
January 11, 2010
January 13. 2010
February 26, 2010
March 8, 2010
March 9, 2010
March 31, 2010

 
the description of our common stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed on December 24, 2009.
 
We are also incorporating by reference all future filings that we make with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of filing of the registration statement on Form S-3 of which this prospectus is a part and prior to the termination or completion of any offering of securities under this prospectus and all applicable prospectus supplements (except, in each case, for information contained in any such filing that is furnished and not “filed” under the Exchange Act), which filings will be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus, as supplemented by the applicable prospectus supplement, and to be a part hereof from the respective dates of such filings.
  
We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request of such person, a copy of any or all of the information that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. Requests for such documents should be directed to: China Wind Systems, Inc., No. 9 Yanyu Middle Road,  Qianzhou Village, Huishan District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, the People’s Republic of China 214181,  Attention: Investor Relations,  Tel:011-86- 5108-339-7559.

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the SEC. That registration statement contains more information than this prospectus regarding us and our common stock, including certain exhibits and schedules. You can obtain a copy of the registration statement from the SEC at the address listed above or from the SEC’s Internet website.
 
You should rely only on the information provided in and incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with different information. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front cover of these documents. 

 
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$30,000,000
Common Stock
Warrants
Debt Securities
Units
 
China Wind Systems, Inc.
 
Prospectus
                 , 2010
 
 
- 29 -

 
 
PART II
 
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
 
Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
 
The following table sets forth the costs and expenses to be paid by us in connection with the sale of the shares of common stock being registered hereby. All amounts are estimates, except for the SEC registration fee.
 
SEC registration fee
 
$
2,139
 
Printing and engraving expenses
   
10,000
 
Accounting fees and expenses
   
5,000
 
Legal fees and expenses
   
12,500
 
Miscellaneous expenses
  
     
Total
   
$
29,639
 
 
Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
 
 Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended, authorizes us to indemnify any director or officer under certain prescribed circumstances and subject to certain limitations against certain costs and expenses, including attorney’s fees actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, to which a person is a party by reason of being a director or officer of China Wind if it is determined that such person acted in accordance with the applicable standard of conduct set forth in such statutory provisions. Our Certificate of Incorporation contains provisions relating to the indemnification of director and officers and our By-Laws extend such indemnities to the full extent permitted by Delaware law. We may also purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any director or officer, which may cover claims for which we could not indemnify such persons.
 
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than director, officer or controlling person in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

Item 16. Exhibits.
  
The following exhibits are filed herewith and as a part of this registration statement:
 
Exhibit
Number
  
Description
2.1
 
Share Exchange Agreement among Malex Inc., Malex’s Majority Stockholder, Fulland and the Fulland Shareholders dated November 13, 2007 (1)
     
4.1
 
Amended Articles of Incorporation setting forth the designations of Series A Preferred Stock of the Company as filed with the Secretary of Delaware (2)
     
5.1
 
Opinion of Sichenzia Ross Friedman Ference LLP*
     
23.1
 
Consent of Sichenzia Ross Friedman Ference LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)
     
23.2
 
Consent of Sherb & Co. LLP*

 
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(1)
Incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on November 13, 2007.
 
(2)
Incorporated by reference to the Form 8-K filed by the Registrant on September 15, 2009.
* filed herewith.

Item 17. Undertakings.
 
(a)             The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

(1)   To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
 
(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;
 
(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
 
(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in this registration statement or any material change to such information in this registration statement.
 
provided, however, that the undertakings set forth in paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) above do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statements or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is a part of the registration statement.
 
(2)   That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;
 
(3)   To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
 
(4)   That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:
 
(i) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
 
(ii) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

 
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(5)   That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: (i) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; (ii) any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; (iii) the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and (iv) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
 
(b)       That: (i) for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of the registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the time it was declared effective; and (ii) for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
 
(c)        That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial  bona fide  offering thereof.
 
(d)       Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 (e)       If and when applicable, the undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the SEC under Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act.

 
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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Beijing, People’s Republic of China, on this 28th day of April, 2010.

 
CHINA WIND SYSTEMS, INC.
  
  
   
 
By:
/s/ Jianhua Wu
 
Jianhua Wu, Chief Executive Officer
 
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Jianhua Wu, as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign (1) any and all amendments to this Form S-3 (including post-effective amendments) and (2) any registration statement or post-effective amendment thereto to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any other regulatory authority, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and agent, or his substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature
 
Title
 
Date
         
/s/ Jianhua Wu
 
Chief Executive Officer,
 
April 28, 2010
Jianhua Wu
 
Chairman of the Board of Directors and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
   
         
/s/ Teresa Zhang
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
April 28, 2010
Teresa Zhang
 
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
   
         
/s/ Xuezhong Hua
 
Director
 
April 28, 2010
Xuezhong Hua
       
         
/s/ Xi Liu
 
Director
 
April 28, 2010
Xi Liu
       
         
/s/ Drew Bernstein
 
Director
 
April 28, 2010
Drew Bernstein
       
 
/s/ Megan Penick
 
Director
 
April 28, 2010
Megan Penick
       

 
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