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Loans Receivable, Net
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans Receivable, Net
Loans receivable, net, at December 31, 2021 and 2020 are summarized below.
December 31,
20212020
Balance% of Total Gross LoansBalance% of Total Gross Loans
Residential Real Estate Loans$55,977,999 10.9 %$66,709,742 13.5 %
Consumer Loans59,256,394 11.6 %55,335,425 11.2 %
Commercial Business Loans29,287,265 5.7 %19,704,862 4.0 %
Commercial Real Estate Loans353,356,712 69.1 %299,299,647 60.6 %
Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") Loans9,751,812 1.9 %47,105,618 9.5 %
Total Loans Held For Investment507,630,182 99.2 %488,155,294 98.8 %
Loans Held For Sale4,038,414 0.8 %5,693,400 1.2 %
Total Loans Receivable, Gross$511,668,596 100.0 %$493,848,694 100.0 %
Less: 
Allowance For Loan Losses11,087,164 12,842,896 
Deferred Loan Fees1,084,623 1,838,426 
 12,171,787 14,681,322 
Total Loans Receivable, Net$499,496,809 $479,167,372 

During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Bank participated in the SBA Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), a guaranteed unsecured loan program enacted under the CARES Act to provide near-term relief to help small businesses impacted by COVID-19 sustain operations. The CAA, 2021 renewed and extended the PPP until March 31, 2021. As a result, in January 2021, the Bank began accepting and processing loan applications under this second PPP program. The Bank earns 1% interest on PPP loans as well as a fee from the SBA to cover processing costs, which is amortized over the life of the loan. The maturity date of the PPP loan is either two or five years from the date of loan origination. PPP loans totaled $9.8 million at December 31, 2021 compared to $47.1 million at December 31, 2020. The balance of unamortized net deferred fees on PPP loans was $441,000 at December 31, 2021 compared to $1.4 million December 31, 2020.

Credit Quality Indicators
The Bank categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information regarding the borrowers' ability to payoff their loan in accordance with its terms. This information includes; but is not limited to, current financial and credit documentation, payment history, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. Risk ratings are used to rate the credit quality of loans for the purposes of determining the Bank’s allowance for loan losses. The following definitions are used for credit quality risk ratings:
Pass - loans that are performing and are deemed adequately protected by the net worth of the borrower or the underlying collateral value. These loans are considered to have the least amount of risk in terms of determining the allowance for loan losses.
Caution - loans that do not currently expose the Bank to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification but possess weaknesses.
Special Mention - loans that do not currently expose the Bank to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification but possess more weaknesses than Caution loans.
Substandard - loans that are graded as substandard are considered to have the most risk. These loans typically have an identified weakness or weaknesses and are inadequately protected by the net worth of the borrower or collateral value. All loans 90 days or more past due are automatically classified in this category.
The following tables summarize the loan grades used by the Bank to measure the credit quality of gross loans receivable, excluding those held for sale, by loan segment at December 31, 2021 and 2020.
December 31, 2021
 
Pass
 
Caution
Special
Mention
 
Substandard
 
Total Loans
Residential Real Estate$42,220,385 $11,501,275 $153,505 $2,102,834 $55,977,999 
Consumer46,895,253 10,775,951 832,463 752,727 59,256,394 
Commercial Business24,191,552 4,720,925 54,380 320,408 29,287,265 
Commercial Real Estate273,409,226 62,168,249 14,021,326 3,757,911 353,356,712 
PPP9,751,812 — — — 9,751,812 
Total$396,468,228 $89,166,400 $15,061,674 $6,933,880 $507,630,182 
December 31, 2020 
Pass
 
Caution
Special
Mention
 
Substandard
 
Total Loans
Residential Real Estate$53,240,147 $9,675,300 $799,446 $2,994,849 $66,709,742 
Consumer42,926,887 10,525,814 891,107 991,617 55,335,425 
Commercial Business15,315,677 3,851,517 309,100 228,568 19,704,862 
Commercial Real Estate221,696,863 56,642,660 16,349,302 4,610,822 299,299,647 
PPP47,105,618 — — — 47,105,618 
Total$380,285,192 $80,695,291 $18,348,955 $8,825,856 $488,155,294 

Past Due and Non-accrual Loans
The following tables present an age analysis of past due balances by category at December 31, 2021 and 2020.
December 31, 2021
30-59 Days
Past Due
60-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days or
More Past Due
Total Past DueCurrentTotal Loans
Receivable
Residential Real Estate$— $241,680 $205,713 $447,393 $55,530,606 $55,977,999 
Consumer273,764 65,788 53,178 392,730 58,863,664 59,256,394 
Commercial Business79,381 133,610 — 212,991 29,074,274 29,287,265 
Commercial Real Estate367,344 354,412 372,406 1,094,162 352,262,550 353,356,712 
PPP— — —  9,751,812 9,751,812 
Total$720,489 $795,490 $631,297 $2,147,276 $505,482,906 $507,630,182 
December 31, 2020
30-59 Days
Past Due
60-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days or
More Past Due
Total Past DueCurrentTotal Loans
Receivable
Residential Real Estate$— $152,634 $160,152 $312,786 $66,396,956 $66,709,742 
Consumer292,498 30,610 91,870 414,978 54,920,447 55,335,425 
Commercial Business49,554 — 7,152 56,706 19,648,156 19,704,862 
Commercial Real Estate735,456 346,850 550,409 1,632,715 297,666,932 299,299,647 
PPP— — — — 47,105,618 47,105,618 
Total$1,077,508 $530,094 $809,583 $2,417,185 $438,632,491 $488,155,294 

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Bank did not have any loans that were 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest. Our strategy is to work with our borrowers to reach acceptable payment plans while protecting our interests in the existing collateral.  In the event an acceptable arrangement cannot be reached, we may have to acquire these properties through foreclosure or other means and subsequently sell, develop, or liquidate them.
The following table shows non-accrual loans by category at December 31, 2021 compared to 2020.

 December 31, 2021December 31, 2020Increase (Decrease)
 Amount
Percent (1)
Amount
Percent (1)
$%
Non-accrual Loans:      
Residential Real Estate$1,332,106 0.3 %$1,682,240 0.4 %$(350,134)(20.8)%
Consumer150,480  402,878 0.1 (252,398)(62.6)
Commercial Business64,479  100,408 — (35,929)(35.8)
Commercial Real Estate1,136,322 0.2 939,946 0.2 196,376 20.9 
Total Non-accrual Loans$2,683,387 0.5 %$3,125,472 0.7 %$(442,085)(14.1)%
(1) PERCENT OF GROSS LOANS RECEIVABLE HELD FOR INVESTMENT, NET OF DEFERRED FEES

Allowance for Loan Losses
The tables below show the allowance for loan losses by loan category for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.
 For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
 Residential
Real Estate
 
Consumer
Commercial
Business
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Total
Beginning Balance$1,528,948 $1,298,655 $1,165,033 $8,850,260 $12,842,896 
Provision(597,159)(201,384)106,569 (1,712,143)(2,404,117)
Charge-Offs (129,923)(6,699) (136,622)
Recoveries41,496 107,003 2,711 633,797 785,007 
Ending Balance$973,285 $1,074,351 $1,267,614 $7,771,914 $11,087,164 

 For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
 Residential
Real Estate
 
Consumer
Commercial
Business
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Total
Beginning Balance$1,390,594 $1,210,849 $544,764 $6,079,367 $9,225,574 
Provision136,063 251,948 655,317 2,556,672 3,600,000 
Charge-Offs(9)(226,760)(35,048)(19,453)(281,270)
Recoveries2,300 62,618 — 233,674 298,592 
Ending Balance$1,528,948 $1,298,655 $1,165,033 $8,850,260 $12,842,896 

 For the Year Ended December 31, 2019
 Residential
Real Estate
ConsumerCommercial
Business
Commercial
Real Estate
Total
Beginning Balance$1,191,443 $1,203,593 $923,600 $5,853,081 $9,171,717 
Provision227,624 324,394 (392,817)215,799 375,000 
Charge-Offs(34,599)(432,003)(1,132)(517,583)(985,317)
Recoveries6,126 114,865 15,113 528,070 664,174 
Ending Balance$1,390,594 $1,210,849 $544,764 $6,079,367 $9,225,574 
Allowance for Loan Losses and Loans Receivable Evaluated for Impairment
The following tables summarize the impaired loans evaluated individually and collectively for impairment within the allowance for loan losses and loans receivable balances at December 31, 2021 and 2020.
 Allowance For Loan LossesLoans Receivable
December 31, 2021Individually Evaluated For ImpairmentCollectively Evaluated For ImpairmentTotalIndividually Evaluated For ImpairmentCollectively Evaluated For ImpairmentTotal
Residential Real Estate$— $973,285 $973,285 $1,128,452 $54,849,547 $55,977,999 
Consumer— 1,074,351 1,074,351 97,302 59,159,092 59,256,394 
Commercial Business— 1,267,614 1,267,614 31,446 29,255,819 29,287,265 
Commercial Real Estate— 7,771,914 7,771,914 1,066,107 352,290,605 353,356,712 
PPP— —  — 9,751,812 9,751,812 
Total$— $11,087,164 $11,087,164 $2,323,307 $505,306,875 $507,630,182 
December 31, 2020
Residential Real Estate$— $1,528,948 $1,528,948 $1,284,303 $65,425,439 $66,709,742 
Consumer— 1,298,655 1,298,655 161,869 55,173,556 55,335,425 
Commercial Business— 1,165,033 1,165,033 53,047 19,651,815 19,704,862 
Commercial Real Estate— 8,850,260 8,850,260 720,111 298,579,536 299,299,647 
PPP— — — — 47,105,618 47,105,618 
Total$— $12,842,896 $12,842,896 $2,219,330 $485,935,964 $488,155,294 

Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. Once a loan is identified as individually impaired, management measures impairment and records the loan at fair value. Fair value is estimated using one of the following methods: fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell, discounted cash flows, or market value of the loan based on similar debt. The fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell is the most frequently used method. Typically, the Company reviews the most recent appraisal and, if it is over 24 months old, will request a new third party appraisal. Depending on the particular circumstances surrounding the loan, including the location of the collateral, the date of the most recent appraisal and the value of the collateral relative to the recorded investment in the loan, management may order an independent appraisal immediately or, in some instances, may elect to perform an internal analysis. The average balance of total impaired loans was $2.6 million for year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. In accordance with our policy, non-accrual commercial loans with a balance less than $200,000 and non-accrual consumer loans with a balance less than $100,000 are deemed immaterial and therefore excluded from the individual impairment review.

The following tables present information related to impaired loans by loan category as of and for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019.
 December 31, 2021
Impaired LoansRecorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Related
Allowance
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
With No Related Allowance Recorded:     
Residential Real Estate$1,128,452 $1,128,452 $ $1,275,540 $4,139 
Consumer 97,302 105,602  142,602  
Commercial Business31,446 926,446  46,093  
Commercial Real Estate1,066,107 1,211,527  1,108,041 18,060 
Total$2,323,307 $3,372,027 $ $2,572,276 $22,199 
 December 31, 2020
Impaired LoansRecorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
With No Related Allowance Recorded:     
Residential Real Estate$1,284,303 $1,284,303 $— $1,877,590 $24,597 
Consumer161,869 170,169 — 210,722 1,591 
Commercial Business53,047 948,046 — 58,597 — 
Commercial Real Estate720,111 865,531 — 1,717,842 56,737 
Total$2,219,330 $3,268,049 $— $3,864,751 $82,925 
 December 31, 2019
Impaired LoansRecorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
With No Related Allowance Recorded:     
Residential Real Estate$1,086,433 $1,086,433 $— $1,322,609 $— 
Consumer184,402 192,702 — 1,106,795 — 
Commercial Business64,406 959,406 — 71,422 — 
Commercial Real Estate1,894,642 2,066,862 — 3,893,786 54,372 
Total$3,229,883 $4,305,403 $— $6,394,612 $54,372 
Troubled Debt Restructurings and Loan Modifications
In the course of resolving delinquent loans, the Bank may choose to restructure the contractual terms of certain loans. A troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") is a restructuring in which the Bank, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to a borrower that it would not otherwise consider (FASB ASC Topic 310-40).  The concessions granted on TDRs generally include terms to reduce the interest rate, extend the term of the debt obligation, or modify the payment structure on the debt obligation. The Bank grants such concessions to reassess the borrower’s financial status and develop a plan for repayment.  
At the date of modification, TDRs are initially classified as nonaccrual TDRs. They are returned to accruing status when there is economic substance to the restructuring, there is documented credit evaluation of the borrower's financial condition, the remaining balance is reasonably assured of repayment in accordance with its modified terms, and the borrower has demonstrated sustained repayment performance in accordance with the modified terms for a reasonable period of time (generally a minimum of six months).
The Bank had three TDRs with a total balance of $694,000 included in impaired loans at December 31, 2021 compared to three TDRs totaling $315,000 at December 31, 2020. There was one commercial real estate loan restructured as a TDR during 2021 with a balance of $412,000 at the time of restructure and immediately thereafter. During the year ended December 31, 2020, there was one commercial real estate loan restructured as a TDR, which had a balance of $290,000 at the time of restructure and immediately thereafter. There were no loans restructured as TDRs during 2019. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, there were no TDRs in default. The Bank considers any loan 30 days or more past due to be in default. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Bank had no commitments to extend additional credit to borrowers whose loan terms have been modified in a TDR. All TDRs are also classified as impaired loans and are included in the loans individually evaluated for impairment.
Our policy with respect to accrual of interest on loans restructured as a TDR follows relevant supervisory guidance.  That is, if a borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous loan terms and shows capacity to perform under the restructured loan terms, continued accrual of interest at the restructured interest rate is probable.  If a borrower was materially delinquent on payments prior to the restructuring but shows capacity to meet the restructured loan terms, the loan will likely continue as nonaccrual going forward.  Lastly, if the borrower does not perform under the restructured terms, the loan is placed on nonaccrual status.
The Bank will continue to closely monitor these loans and will cease accruing interest on them if management believes that the borrowers may not continue performing based on the restructured note terms.  If, after previously being classified as a TDR, a loan is restructured a second time, then that loan is automatically placed on nonaccrual status.  The Bank's policy with respect to nonperforming loans requires the borrower to become current and then make a minimum of six consecutive payments in accordance with the loan terms before that loan can be placed back on accrual status.  Further, the borrower must show capacity to continue performing into the future prior to restoration of accrual status.

The CARES Act, signed into law on March 27, 2020, provided guidance around the modification of loans as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which outlined, among other criteria, that short-term modifications made on a good faith basis to borrowers who were current as defined under the CARES Act prior to any relief, are not TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g. generally up to six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. To qualify as an eligible loan under the CARES Act, as amended by the CAA, 2021, a loan modification must be (1) related to the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and (3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (A) 60 days after the date of termination of the National Emergency by the President or (B) January 1, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, there were no loans still on deferral or modified due to COVID-19. Loan modifications made in accordance with the CARES Act were still subject to an impairment evaluation.