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Loans Receivable, Net
3 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Loans and Leases Receivable, Net Amount [Abstract]  
Financing Receivables [Text Block] Loans Receivable, Net
Loans receivable, net, consisted of the following as of the dates indicated below:
September 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Residential Real Estate Loans$83,063,007 $86,404,304 
Consumer Loans56,643,692 56,331,013 
Commercial Business Loans19,224,734 22,234,189 
Commercial Real Estate Loans312,925,293 303,550,905 
Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") Loans75,263,782 — 
Total Loans Held For Investment547,120,508 468,520,411 
Loans Held For Sale7,495,183 3,990,606 
Total Loans Receivable, Gross$554,615,691 $472,511,017 
Less:  
Allowance For Loan Losses12,845,662 9,225,574 
Loans in Process11,154,145 9,957,140 
Deferred Loan Fees2,745,727 469,568 
 26,745,534 19,652,282 
Total Loans Receivable, Net$527,870,157 $452,858,735 
8.    Loans Receivable, Net, Continued

The Company uses a risk based approach based on the following credit quality measures when analyzing the loan portfolio: pass, caution, special mention, and substandard. These indicators are used to rate the credit quality of loans for the purposes of determining the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Pass loans are loans that are performing and are deemed adequately protected by the net worth of the borrower or the underlying collateral value. These loans are considered to have the least amount of risk in terms of determining the allowance for loan losses. Loans that are graded as substandard are considered to have the most risk. These loans typically have an identified weakness or weaknesses and are inadequately protected by the net worth of the borrower or collateral value. All loans 90 days or more past due are automatically classified in this category. The caution and special mention categories fall in between the pass and substandard grades and consist of loans that do not currently expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification but possess weaknesses.

The tables below summarize the balance within each risk category by loan type, excluding loans held for sale, at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
September 30, 2020
 
Pass
 
Caution
Special Mention
 
Substandard
 
Total Loans
Residential Real Estate$70,974,201 $6,473,741 $1,242,997 $4,372,068 $83,063,007 
Consumer43,729,381 10,388,104 950,275 1,575,932 56,643,692 
Commercial Business14,353,081 4,329,614 303,905 238,134 19,224,734 
Commercial Real Estate233,982,602 60,331,923 14,727,563 3,883,205 312,925,293 
PPP75,263,782    75,263,782 
Total$438,303,047 $81,523,382 $17,224,740 $10,069,339 $547,120,508 
December 31, 2019
 
Pass
 
Caution
Special Mention
 
Substandard
 
Total Loans
Residential Real Estate$76,674,539 $4,612,182 $1,155,802 $3,961,781 $86,404,304 
Consumer44,294,400 9,617,301 624,248 1,795,064 56,331,013 
Commercial Business16,140,592 5,486,393 301,462 305,742 22,234,189 
Commercial Real Estate230,810,756 56,025,352 14,285,015 2,429,782 303,550,905 
Total$367,920,287 $75,741,228 $16,366,527 $8,492,369 $468,520,411 

The tables below present an age analysis of past due balances by loan category at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
September 30, 2020
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days or
More Past Due
 
Total Past
Due
 
 
Current
 
Total Loans
Receivable
Residential Real Estate$ $689,387 $798,363 $1,487,750 $81,575,257 $83,063,007 
Consumer238,056 36,562 79,228 353,846 56,289,846 56,643,692 
Commercial Business3,937,747  8,686 3,946,433 15,278,301 19,224,734 
Commercial Real Estate7,216,908 1,535,166 882,596 9,634,670 303,290,623 312,925,293 
PPP    75,263,782 75,263,782 
Total$11,392,711 $2,261,115 $1,768,873 $15,422,699 $531,697,809 $547,120,508 
December 31, 2019
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days or More Past Due
 
Total Past
Due
 
 
Current
 
Total Loans
Receivable
Residential Real Estate$— $355,290 $144,209 $499,499 $85,904,805 $86,404,304 
Consumer422,443 217,542 81,736 721,721 55,609,292 56,331,013 
Commercial Business147,959 76,515 20,316 244,790 21,989,399 22,234,189 
Commercial Real Estate3,849,424 — 1,352,716 5,202,140 298,348,765 303,550,905 
Total$4,419,826 $649,347 $1,598,977 $6,668,150 $461,852,261 $468,520,411 
8.    Loans Receivable, Net, Continued

At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company did not have any loans that were 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest. The Company's strategy is to work with its borrowers to reach acceptable payment plans while protecting its interests in the existing collateral.  In the event an acceptable arrangement cannot be reached, the Company may have to acquire these properties through foreclosure or other means and subsequently sell, develop, or liquidate them.

The following table shows non-accrual loans by category at September 30, 2020 compared to December 31, 2019:
 September 30, 2020December 31, 2019Increase (Decrease)
 Amount
Percent (1)
Amount
Percent (1)
$%
Non-accrual Loans:      
Residential Real Estate$2,302,066 0.4 %$1,520,485 0.3 %$781,581 51.4%
Consumer437,025 0.1 319,280 0.1 117,745 36.9
Commercial Business102,885  122,605 — (19,720)(16.1)
Commercial Real Estate988,660 0.2 1,474,036 0.3 (485,376)(32.9)
Total Non-accrual Loans$3,830,636 0.7 %$3,436,406 0.7 %$394,230 11.5%

(1) PERCENT OF TOTAL LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT, NET OF DEFERRED FEES AND LOANS IN PROCESS.

The following tables show the activity in the allowance for loan losses by category for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019:
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
 Residential
Real Estate
 
Consumer
Commercial
Business
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Total
Beginning Balance$1,532,804 $1,317,734 $639,731 $7,186,002 $10,676,271 
Provision for Loan Losses55,487 (223)442,730 1,702,006 2,200,000 
Charge-Offs (45,851) (19,453)(65,304)
Recoveries600 13,430  20,665 34,695 
Ending Balance$1,588,891 $1,285,090 $1,082,461 $8,889,220 $12,845,662 
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
 Residential
Real Estate
 
Consumer
Commercial
Business
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Total
Beginning Balance$1,390,594 $1,210,849 $544,764 $6,079,367 $9,225,574 
Provision for Loan Losses196,497 168,447 572,745 2,662,311 3,600,000 
Charge-Offs (148,844)(35,048)(19,453)(203,345)
Recoveries1,800 54,638  166,995 223,433 
Ending Balance$1,588,891 $1,285,090 $1,082,461 $8,889,220 $12,845,662 
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
 Residential
Real Estate
 
Consumer
Commercial
Business
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Total
Beginning Balance$1,125,812 $1,092,327 $896,843 $5,638,557 $8,753,539 
Provision for Loan Losses15,059 8,207 (136,254)187,988 75,000 
Charge-Offs— (102,273)— — (102,273)
Recoveries600 25,289 549 5,934 32,372 
Ending Balance$1,141,471 $1,023,550 $761,138 $5,832,479 $8,758,638 
8.    Loans Receivable, Net, Continued
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
 Residential
Real Estate
 
Consumer
Commercial
Business
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Total
Beginning Balance$1,191,443 $1,203,593 $923,600 $5,853,081 $9,171,717 
Provision for Loan Losses(20,899)82,715 (176,443)289,627 175,000 
Charge-Offs(34,599)(367,753)(1,132)(428,164)(831,648)
Recoveries5,526 104,995 15,113 117,935 243,569 
Ending Balance$1,141,471 $1,023,550 $761,138 $5,832,479 $8,758,638 

The following tables present information related to impaired loans evaluated individually and collectively for impairment in the allowance for loan losses at the dates indicated:
 Allowance For Loan Losses
September 30, 2020Individually Evaluated For
Impairment
Collectively Evaluated For
Impairment
 
Total
Residential Real Estate$ $1,588,891 $1,588,891 
Consumer 1,285,090 1,285,090 
Commercial Business 1,082,461 1,082,461 
Commercial Real Estate 8,889,220 8,889,220 
Total$ $12,845,662 $12,845,662 
 Allowance For Loan Losses
December 31, 2019Individually Evaluated For
Impairment
Collectively Evaluated For
Impairment
 
Total
Residential Real Estate$— $1,390,594 $1,390,594 
Consumer— 1,210,849 1,210,849 
Commercial Business— 544,764 544,764 
Commercial Real Estate— 6,079,367 6,079,367 
Total$— $9,225,574 $9,225,574 

The following tables present information related to impaired loans evaluated individually and collectively for impairment in loans receivable at the dates indicated:
 Loans Receivable
September 30, 2020Individually Evaluated For
Impairment
Collectively Evaluated For
Impairment
 
Total
Residential Real Estate$1,772,454 $81,290,553 $83,063,007 
Consumer171,845 56,471,847 56,643,692 
Commercial Business53,046 19,171,688 19,224,734 
Commercial Real Estate1,220,120 311,705,173 312,925,293 
PPP 75,263,782 75,263,782 
Total$3,217,465 $543,903,043 $547,120,508 

Because the SBA guarantees 100% of the PPP loans made to eligible borrowers, and the entire principal amount of these loans, including any accrued interest, is eligible to be forgiven and repaid by the SBA, PPP loans are excluded from our allowance for loan losses calculation.
8.    Loans Receivable, Net, Continued
 Loans Receivable
December 31, 2019Individually Evaluated For
Impairment
Collectively Evaluated For
Impairment
 
Total
Residential Real Estate$1,086,433 $85,317,871 $86,404,304 
Consumer184,402 56,146,611 56,331,013 
Commercial Business64,406 22,169,783 22,234,189 
Commercial Real Estate1,894,642 301,656,263 303,550,905 
Total$3,229,883 $465,290,528 $468,520,411 

Loans for which it is probable that payment of interest and principal will not be made in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement are considered impaired. Once a loan is identified as individually impaired management measures the impairment and records the loan at fair value. Fair value is estimated using one of the following methods: fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell, discounted cash flows, or market value of the loan based on similar debt. The fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell is the most frequently used method. Typically, the Company reviews the most recent appraisal and, if it is over 24 months old, will request a new third party appraisal. Depending on the particular circumstances surrounding the loan, including the location of the collateral, the date of the most recent appraisal and the value of the collateral relative to the recorded investment in the loan, management may order an independent appraisal immediately or, in some instances, may elect to perform an internal analysis. The average balance of impaired loans was $3.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to $4.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019.

The following tables present information related to impaired loans by loan category at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. There was no allowance recorded related to any impaired loans at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.
September 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Impaired LoansRecorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
Related
Allowance
Recorded
Investment
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Residential Real Estate$1,772,454 $1,772,454 $ $1,086,433 $1,086,433 $— 
Consumer 171,845 180,145  184,402 192,702 — 
Commercial Business53,046 948,046  64,406 959,406 — 
Commercial Real Estate1,220,120 1,385,540  1,894,642 2,066,862 — 
Total$3,217,465 $4,286,185 $ $3,229,883 $4,305,403 $— 
8.    Loans Receivable, Net, Continued
Three Months Ended September 30,
20202019
Impaired LoansAverage
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Residential Real Estate$1,792,912 $ $1,133,768 $— 
Consumer174,276  204,782 — 
Commercial Business54,846  70,406 — 
Commercial Real Estate1,294,957 7,788 2,320,973 14,377 
With an Allowance Recorded:  
Commercial Real Estate  996,990 — 
Total
Residential Real Estate1,792,912  1,133,768 — 
Consumer174,276  204,782 — 
Commercial Business54,846  70,406 — 
Commercial Real Estate1,294,957 7,788 3,317,963 14,377 
Total$3,316,991 $7,788 $4,726,919 $14,377 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20202019
Impaired LoansAverage
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
Average
Recorded
Investment
Interest
Income
Recognized
With No Related Allowance Recorded:
Residential Real Estate$1,817,715 $13,030 $1,336,122 $— 
Consumer 178,296  1,052,347 — 
Commercial Business60,262  73,526 — 
Commercial Real Estate1,656,438 41,580 2,830,359 42,709 
With an Allowance Recorded:  
Commercial Real Estate  1,125,904 — 
Total
Residential Real Estate1,817,715 13,030 1,336,122 — 
Consumer178,296  1,052,347 — 
Commercial Business60,262  73,526 — 
Commercial Real Estate1,656,438 41,580 3,956,263 42,709 
Total$3,712,711 $54,610 $6,418,258 $42,709 
8.    Loans Receivable, Net, Continued

In the course of resolving delinquent loans, the Company may choose to restructure the contractual terms of certain loans. A troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") is a restructuring in which the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to a borrower that it would not otherwise consider (Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") ASC Topic 310-40).  The concessions granted on TDRs generally include terms to reduce the interest rate, extend the term of the debt obligation, or modify the payment structure on the debt obligation. The Company grants such concessions to reassess the borrower’s financial status and develop a plan for repayment.  
At the date of modification, TDRs are initially classified as nonaccrual TDRs. TDR loans are returned to accruing status when there is economic substance to the restructuring, there is documented credit evaluation of the borrower's financial condition, the remaining balance is reasonably assured of repayment in accordance with its modified terms, and the borrower has demonstrated sustained repayment performance in accordance with the modified terms for a reasonable period of time (generally a minimum of six months).
TDRs included in impaired loans at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 had a combined balance of $499,000 and $825,000, respectively, and the Company had no commitments at these dates to lend additional funds on these loans. There were no new TDRs modified during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 or 2019 and there were no TDRs in default at those dates. The Bank considers any loan 30 days or more past due to be in default.
The Company's policy with respect to accrual of interest on loans restructured as a TDR follows relevant supervisory guidance.  That is, if a borrower has demonstrated performance under the previous loan terms and shows capacity to perform under the restructured loan terms, continued accrual of interest at the restructured interest rate is probable. If a borrower was materially delinquent on payments prior to the restructuring but shows capacity to meet the restructured loan terms, the loan will likely continue as nonaccrual going forward.  Lastly, if the borrower does not perform under the restructured terms, the loan is placed on nonaccrual status.
The Company closely monitors these loans and will cease accruing interest on them if management believes that the borrowers may not continue performing based on the restructured note terms.  If, after previously being classified as a TDR, a loan is restructured a second time, then that loan is automatically placed on nonaccrual status.  The Company's policy with respect to nonperforming loans requires the borrower to make a minimum of six consecutive payments in accordance with the modified loan terms before that loan can be placed back on accrual status.  Further, the borrower must demonstrate the capacity to continue making payments on the loan prior to restoration of accrual status.
The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020 ("CARES Act") signed into law on March 27, 2020, amended GAAP with respect to the modification of loans to borrowers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Among other criteria, this guidance provided that short-term loan modifications made on a good faith basis to borrowers who were current as defined under the CARES Act prior to any relief, are not TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g. six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. To qualify as an eligible loan under the CARES Act, a loan modification must be 1) related to COVID-19; 2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and 3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of a) 60 days after the date of termination of the national emergency by the President or b) December 31, 2020. On April 7, 2020, the federal banking regulators issued a revised interagency statement on loan modifications and the reporting for financial institutions working with customers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic ("Interagency Statement"). The Interagency Statement confirmed that COVID-19 related short-term loan modifications (e.g., payment deferrals of six months or less) provided to borrowers that were current (less than 30 days past due) at the time the relief was granted are not TDR loans. Borrowers that do not meet the criteria in the CARES Act or the Interagency Statement are assessed for TDR loan classification in accordance with the Company’s accounting policies.
Since March 31, 2020 the Bank has approved over 300 loan modifications related to the COVID-19 pandemic with a combined loan balance, net of deferred fees, totaling $115.0 million. These modifications consisted of deferral of regularly scheduled principal and interest payments for three to six months. Most of these deferrals have resumed regular principal and interest payments. As of September 30, 2020, the total outstanding balance of deferred loans related to the COVID-19 pandemic was $4.3 million, including $4.0 million for commercial real estate loans. Loan modifications in accordance with the CARES Act and related banking agency regulatory guidance are still subject to an evaluation in regards to determining whether or not a loan is deemed to be impaired.