GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
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Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS | GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS The Company performed its annual impairment tests of goodwill as of April 30, 2018 on 11 reporting units. To determine the fair value of the Company’s reporting units, the Company uses a discounted cash flow model with market-based support as its valuation technique to measure the fair value for its reporting units. The discounted cash flow model uses five- to ten- year forecasted cash flows plus a terminal value based on a multiple of earnings or by capitalizing the last period’s cash flows using a perpetual growth rate. In the development of the forecasted cash flows, the Company applies revenue, gross profit and operating expense assumptions taking into consideration historical trends as well as future expectations. These future expectations include, but are not limited to, new product development and distribution channel changes for the respective reporting units. The Company also considers the current and projected market conditions for dental and medical device industries, both in the U.S. and globally, when determining its assumptions. The total forecasted cash flows are discounted based on a range between 7.9% to 10.5%. The discount rate used is based on the weighted-average cost of capital adjusted for the relevant risk associated with business-specific characteristics and the uncertainty related to the reporting unit’s ability to execute on the projected cash flows. The Company’s significant estimates in the discounted cash flow models include, but not limited to, the weighted average cost of capital, long-term rate of growth and profitability of the reporting unit’s business and working capital effects. A change in any of these estimates and assumptions could produce a different fair value, which could have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations. Unfavorable developments in the market for the dental or medical device industries, an increase in discount rates, unfavorable changes in earnings multiples or a decline in future cash flow projections, among other factors, may cause a change in circumstances indicating that the carrying value of the indefinite-lived assets and goodwill within the Company’s reporting units may not be recoverable. In connection with the updating of the estimates and assumptions with the annual impairment tests of goodwill and the preparation of the financial statements for the three months ended June 30, 2018, the Company determined that the goodwill associated with the CAD/CAM, Imaging and Orthodontics reporting units was impaired. Additionally, near the end of the quarter, the Company recognized that the CAD/CAM and Imaging reporting units’ (“equipment reporting units”) revenue and operating margins would not meet forecasted expectations for the quarter as a result of several significant unfavorable developments which also affected the reporting units’ projections for future revenue and operating margins. As a result, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $1,085.8 million. The CAD/CAM and Imaging reporting units are within the Technologies & Equipment segment and the Orthodontics reporting unit is within the Consumables segment. The significant unfavorable developments in the current period which are reflected in the Company’s April 30, 2018 goodwill impairment testing model, are as follows: • The equipment reporting units were negatively affected in connection with the continued transition of the Company’s distribution relationships primarily in the U.S. from exclusive to non-exclusive. The Company’s expectations for revenue growth from its non-exclusive distribution relationships, which replaced its former long-term exclusive distribution relationship, were not met. As a result, the Company’s forecasts of current and future third-party demand have been reduced as the Company’s U.S. distributors continue to offer and promote competitive alternatives to the Company’s full CAD/CAM systems and lower-priced alternatives to the Imaging reporting units’ products. • The Imaging reporting unit observed revenue and operating margins being negatively impacted by aggressive competition with a focus on value-based products in the marketplace as opposed to the reporting unit’s premium products. This has resulted in increased competition from low-cost products in certain regions throughout the world causing the reporting unit to offer additional product features at the current price levels and to offer additional promotions and reduce its future sales forecasts. • The CAD/CAM and Imaging reporting units have also experienced lower than expected sales with respect to higher margin products as well as a regional shift in sales to emerging markets each of which has negatively impacted the reporting units’ overall operating margins as compared to the original forecasts for the period and for future sales forecasts. • The equipment reporting units were also further impacted by the unfavorable change in the discount rate due primarily to a higher risk factor, which represents management’s assessment of increased risk with respect to the CAD/CAM and Imaging reporting units’ forecasts primarily due to the factors described above, and to a lesser extent a higher risk-free interest rate for all reporting units. • The increased reduction of inventory being held by the Company’s U.S. distributors in the second quarter, which was larger than anticipated for the period, and planned further reductions of inventory, will impact the Company’s near-term results. As a result of the factors described above, and the resulting reduced revenue and profitability expectations for these reporting units, we have forecasted reductions in unit volume growth rates and operating margins and lower future cash flows used to estimate the fair value of these reporting units, which resulted in a determination that an impairment adjustment was required. The Orthodontics reporting unit goodwill impairment charge was primarily driven by lower operating margins and lower sales growth. The products manufactured and sold within this reporting unit have consisted mainly of traditional orthodontic treatment products, (i.e., brackets, bands and wires). The impairment charge is unrelated to the Company’s acquisition of OraMetrix. The Company has observed a continuing decline in operating margins as the marketplace has seen higher than expected price competition primarily due to increased supply of traditional orthodontic products in the market. In addition, the Company has seen lower than expected revenue growth which is reflected in its future forecast. The Company believes the revenue trend is the result of competition as well as the growing end-user demand for newer orthodontic treatment options. At September 30, 2018, the Company did not identify any impairment triggers related to the reporting units noted above. For the Company’s reporting units that were not impaired, the Company applied a hypothetical sensitivity analysis. Had the discount rate of each of these reporting units been hypothetically increased by 100 basis points at April 30, 2018, the fair value of one reporting unit, Treatment Centers, would not exceed net book value. If the fair value of each of these reporting units had been hypothetically reduced by 10% at April 30, 2018, the fair value of one reporting unit, Treatment Centers, would not exceed net book value. Goodwill for the Treatment Centers reporting unit totals $292.6 million at September 30, 2018. In conjunction with the goodwill and indefinite-lived intangibles impairment test, the Company utilized its best estimate of future cash flows as of April 30, 2018, which include significant management assumptions such as future revenue growth rates, operating margins, weighted average cost of capital, and future economic and market conditions affecting the dental and medical device industries. Any changes to these assumptions and estimates could have a negative impact on the fair value of these reporting units and may result in further impairment. Given the uncertainty in the marketplace and other factors affecting management’s assumptions underlying the Company’s discounted cash flow model, these estimates could vary significantly in the future, which may result in a goodwill impairment charge at that time. The goodwill impairment charge is not expected to result in future cash expenditures. The Company also assessed the annual impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets as of April 30, 2018, which largely consist of acquired tradenames, in conjunction with the annual impairment tests of goodwill. As a result of the annual impairment tests of indefinite-lived intangible assets, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $179.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018 which was recorded in Restructuring and other costs on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The impaired indefinite-lived intangible assets are tradenames and trademarks related to the CAD/CAM, Imaging, and Instrument reporting units. The impairment charge was primarily driven by a decline in forecasted sales resulting from increased competition and the impact of low-cost competitive products, as discussed above with respect to goodwill. In addition, the unfavorable impact of an increase in the equipment reporting units’ respective risk factors, along with increases in the risk-free rate, increased the discount rate. The assumptions and estimates used in determining the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible assets contain uncertainties, and any changes to these assumptions and estimates could have a negative impact and result in a future impairment. At September 30, 2018, the Company did not identify any impairment triggers for the indefinite-lived asset related to the reporting units noted above. A reconciliation of changes in the Company’s goodwill by reportable segment is as follows:
The following table provides the gross carrying amount of goodwill and the cumulative goodwill impairment:
Identifiable definite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of the following:
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