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Nature of Operations, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Note 1 – Nature of Operations, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Business of the Company – We are engaged primarily in the design, manufacture and distribution of components for trucks, trailers and certain military and construction vehicles. We sell our products primarily within North America and Latin America to original equipment manufacturers and to the aftermarket.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation - The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Accuride Corporation (the "Company") and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Accuride Canada, Inc. ("Accuride Canada"), Accuride Erie L.P. ("Accuride Erie"), Accuride de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. ("AdM"), AOT, Inc. ("AOT"), and Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. ("TTI"). TTI's subsidiaries include, Brillion Iron Works, Inc. ("Brillion"), Gunite Corporation ("Gunite"), and Imperial Group, L.P. ("Imperial"). All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated. Certain operating results from prior periods, including the predecessor periods, have been reclassified to discontinued operations to reflect the sale of certain businesses.  See Note 2 "Discontinued Operations" for further discussion.

On June 20, 2011, the Company entered into, and consummated the acquisition contemplated by, an Asset Purchase Agreement (the "Agreement"), pursuant to which the Company's subsidiary, Accuride EMI, LLC ("Buyer"), acquired substantially all of the assets and assumed certain liabilities of Forgitron Technologies LLC ("Seller"), a manufacturer and supplier of aluminum wheels for commercial vehicles. Pursuant to the Agreement, Buyer purchased the acquired assets for a purchase price of $22.4 million in cash. This acquisition included an 80,000 square foot forged aluminum wheel manufacturing facility in Camden, South Carolina ("Camden") and is consistent with the Company's planned capacity expansion of its core aluminum wheel product line.

The Camden acquisition was accounted for by the acquisition method of accounting. Under acquisition accounting, the total purchase price has been allocated to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities of Camden based upon their fair values. We finalized the fair valuation of net assets acquired, for property, plant, and equipment, intangible assets, and goodwill, during the fourth quarter of 2011. In connection with the allocation of the purchase price, we recorded goodwill of approximately $1.1 million as shown in the following table:

(In thousands)
   
     
Purchase price (cash consideration)
 $22,381 
Net assets at fair value
  21,320 
Excess of purchase price over net assets acquired
 $1,061 

The purchase price allocation as of December 31, 2011 was as follows:

(In thousands)
   
     
Customer receivables
 $1,289 
Inventories
  816 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
  101 
Property, plant, and equipment
  17,225 
Goodwill
  1,061 
Intangible assets
  3,400 
Current liabilities
  (1,511 )
Purchase price (cash consideration)
 $22,381 
 
 
Bankruptcy Filing – On October 8, 2009, Accuride and its domestic subsidiaries filed voluntary petitions for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code with the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware (the "Bankruptcy Court"). Prior to filing for bankruptcy, we were in default under our prepetition senior credit facility and the indenture governing our prepetition senior subordinated notes due to our failure to comply with certain financial covenants in the prepetition senior credit facility and to make the $11.7 million interest payment due August 3, 2009 on our prepetition senior subordinated notes. Beginning in July 2009, we entered into a series of amendments and temporary waivers with our senior lenders and forbearances with our prepetition noteholders related to these defaults, which prevented acceleration of the indebtedness outstanding under these debt instruments and enabled us to negotiate a financial reorganization to be implemented through the bankruptcy process with these key constituents prior to our bankruptcy filing. On October 7, 2009, we entered into restructuring support agreements with the holders of approximately 57% of the principal amount of the loans outstanding under our prepetition senior credit facility and the holders of approximately 70% of the principal amount of our prepetition senior subordinated notes, pursuant to which the parties agreed to support a financial reorganization of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries consistent with the terms set forth therein.

On November 18, 2009, we filed our Joint Plan of Reorganization and the related Disclosure Statement with the Bankruptcy Court. All classes of creditors entitled to vote voted to approve the Plan of Reorganization. A confirmation hearing for the Plan of Reorganization was held beginning on February 17, 2010. At the confirmation hearing, we and all of our constituents reached a settlement to fully resolve all disputes related to the Plan of Reorganization and all of our key constituents agreed to support the Plan of Reorganization. On February 18, 2010, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming the Third Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization, which approved and confirmed the Plan of Reorganization, as modified by the confirmation order. On February 26, 2010 (the "Effective Date"), the Plan of Reorganization became effective and we emerged from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings. During the pendency of the bankruptcy, we operated our business as debtors-in-possession under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code.

Upon our emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings, we adopted fresh-start accounting in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 852, Reorganizations, pursuant to which the midpoint of the range of our reorganization value of $563 million was allocated to our assets and liabilities in conformity with the procedures specified by ASC 805, Business Combinations. We adopted fresh-start accounting for all of our subsidiaries, although our foreign subsidiaries did not file for bankruptcy protection in their jurisdictions.

Reorganization Items – Reorganization items such as certain revenues, expenses such as professional fees directly related to the process of reorganizing the Debtors under Chapter 11, realized gains and losses, and provisions for losses resulting from the reorganization and restructuring of the business are separately disclosed. Professional fees directly related to the reorganization include fees associated with advisors to the Debtors, unsecured creditors and secured creditors. Reorganization income recognized for the period January 1, 2010 to February 26, 2010 consists of the following:

   
Predecessor
 
   
Period from January 1 to February 26,
 
(In thousands)
 
2010
 
     
Debt discharge – Senior subordinate notes and interest
 $252,798 
Market valuation of $140 million convertible notes
  (155,094 )
Professional fees
  (25,030 )
Market valuation of warrants issued
  (6,618 )
Deferred financing fees
  (3,847 )
Term loan facility discount
  (2,974 )
Other
  76 
Total
 $59,311 
 
 
Management's Estimates and Assumptions – The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition – Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment whereupon title passes and we have no further obligations to the customer. Provisions for discounts and rebates to customers, and returns and other adjustments are provided for as a reduction of sales in the same period the related sales are recorded.

Cash and Cash Equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The carrying value of these investments approximates fair value due to their short maturity.

Inventories – Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost for substantially all inventories is determined by the first-in, first-out method ("FIFO"). We review inventory on hand and write down excess and obsolete inventory based on our assessment of future demand and historical experience. We also recognize abnormal items as current-period charges. Fixed production overhead costs are based on the normal capacity of the production facilities.

Property, Plant and EquipmentProperty, plant and equipment is recorded at cost and is depreciated using the straight-line method over their expected useful lives. Generally, buildings and improvements have useful lives of 15-30 years, and factory machinery and equipment have useful lives of 10 years.

Deferred Financing Costs – Costs incurred in connection with the ABL Credit Agreement and issuance of our senior secured notes (see Note 6) were originally deferred and are being amortized over the life of the related debt using the effective interest method.

Goodwill – Goodwill represents the excess of the reorganization value of the Successor Company over the fair value of net tangible assets and identifiable assets and liabilities resulting from the fresh-start reporting. See Note 4 for further discussion.

Intangible Assets – Identifiable intangible assets consist of trade names, technology and customer relationships. Indefinite lived intangibles assets (trade names) are not amortized. The lives for the definite-lived intangibles assets are reviewed to ensure recoverability whenever events or changes in economic circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. See Note 4 for further discussion.

Impairment – We evaluate our long-lived assets to be held and used and our amortizing intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in economic circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Impairment is determined by comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the related asset group. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are carried at the lower of cost or fair value less the costs of disposal.

Goodwill and our indefinite lived intangible assets (trade names) are reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. Impairment is determined for trade names by comparison of the carrying amount to the fair value, which is determined using an income approach (relief from royalty method). Impairment is determined for goodwill using the two-step approach. The first step is the estimation of fair value of each reporting unit, which is compared to the carrying value. If step one indicates that impairment potentially exists, the second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. Goodwill impairment exists when the implied fair value of goodwill is less than its carrying value.
 
Pension Plans – We have trusteed, non-contributory pension plans covering certain U.S. and Canadian employees. For certain plans, the benefits are based on career average salary and years of service and, for other plans, a fixed amount for each year of service. Our net periodic pension benefit costs are actuarially determined. Our funding policy provides that payments to the pension trusts shall be at least equal to the minimum legal funding requirements.

Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions – We have postretirement health care and life insurance benefit plans covering certain U.S. non-bargained and Canadian employees. We account for these benefits on an accrual basis and provide for the expected cost of such postretirement benefits accrued during the years employees render the necessary service. Our funding policy provides that payments to participants shall be at least equal to our cash basis obligation.

Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions – We have certain post-employment benefit plans, which provide severance benefits, covering certain U.S. and Canadian employees. We account for these benefits on an accrual basis.

Product Warranties – The Company provides product warranties in conjunction with certain product sales. Generally, sales are accompanied by a 1- to 5-year standard warranty. These warranties cover factors such as non-conformance to specifications and defects in material and workmanship.

Income Taxes – Our income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits reflect management's best assessment of estimated future taxes to be paid. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgments and estimates are required in determining the consolidated income tax expense.

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax and financial statement recognition of revenue and expense. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets within the jurisdiction from which they arise, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. In projecting future taxable income, we begin with historical results, adjusted for the results of discontinued operations and changes in accounting policies, and incorporate assumptions including the amount of future state, federal and foreign pretax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax-planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses. In evaluating the objective evidence that historical results provide, we consider three years of cumulative operating income (loss).

We have concluded that it is more likely than not that we will not realize the benefits of certain deferred tax assets, totaling $101.2 million, for which we have provided a valuation allowance. See Note 8 for a discussion of valuation allowances.

We record uncertain tax positions on the basis of a two-step process whereby (1) we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position and (2) those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority.  We also recognize accrued interest expense and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits as additional tax expense.

Research and Development Costs – Expenditures relating to the development of new products and processes, including significant improvements and refinements to existing products, are expensed as incurred and are reported as a component of operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The amount expensed in the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 totaled $6.6 million and $4.8 million, respectively. For the period January 1, 2010 to February 26, 2010 and for the period February 26, 2010 to December 31, 2010 we expensed $0.7 million and $3.4 million, respectively.

Foreign Currency – The assets and liabilities of Accuride Canada and AdM that are receivable or payable in cash are converted at current exchange rates, and inventories and other non-monetary assets and liabilities are converted at historical rates. Revenues and expenses are converted at average rates in effect for the period. The functional currencies of Accuride Canada and AdM have been determined to be the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, gains and losses resulting from conversion of such amounts, as well as gains and losses on foreign currency transactions, are included in operating results as "Other income (loss), net." We had an aggregate net foreign currency gain of $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2012. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 and for the period February 26, 2010 to December 31, 2010 we had aggregate net foreign currency losses of $1.1 million, $0.1 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
 
Concentrations of Credit Risk – Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, customer receivables, and derivative financial instruments. We place our cash and cash equivalents and execute derivatives with high quality financial institutions. Generally, we do not require collateral or other security to support customer receivables.

Derivative Financial Instruments – We periodically use derivative instruments to manage exposure to foreign currency, commodity prices, and interest rate risks. We do not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The derivative instruments used by us include interest rate, foreign exchange, and commodity price instruments. All derivative instruments are recognized on the consolidated balance sheet at their estimated fair value. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no derivatives.

Foreign Exchange Instruments – At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the notional amount of open foreign exchange forward contracts was $1.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively.

Earnings Per Share – Earnings per share are calculated as net income (loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income (loss) by this weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus Common Stock equivalents outstanding during the year. Employee stock options outstanding to acquire 195,475 shares in 2012, and warrants exercisable for 2,205,882 and 2,205,882 shares outstanding in 2011 and 2010, respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share because the effect would be anti-dilutive.

   
Successor
  
Predecessor
 
   
Years Ended December 31,
  
Period from February 26 to December 31,
  
Period from January 1 to February 26,
 
(In thousands)
 
2012
  
2011
  
2010
  
2010
 
Numerator:
            
Net income (loss)
 $(178,007 ) $(17,031 ) $(126,532 ) $50,802 
                  
Denominator:
                
Basic weighted average shares outstanding
  47,378   47,277   15,670   47,572 
Effect of dilutive share-based awards
            
Dilutive weighted average shares outstanding
  47,378   47,277   15,670   47,572 

The following table summarizes the changes in the Successor's number of common shares from the Effective date to the period ended December 31, 2010.

   
Period from February 26 to December 31,
 
   
2010
 
Number of common shares outstanding:
   
Shares outstanding at February 26, 2010
  126,295,024 
Adjustment for one-for-ten reverse stock split
  (113,665,542 )
Shares issued – conversion offer
  34,600,145 
Shares outstanding at December 31, 2010
  47,229,627 

Stock Based Compensation – As described in Note 9, we maintain stock-based compensation plans which allow for the issuance of incentive stock options, or ISOs, as defined in section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), deferred stock, dividend equivalent rights, performance awards and stock payments (referred to collectively as Awards), to officers, our key employees, and to members of the Board of Directors. We recognize compensation expense under the modified prospective method as a component of operating expenses.
 
On November 9, 2011, our Board of Directors adopted a Rights Agreement pursuant to which one purchase right was distributed as a dividend on each share of our common stock held of record as of the close of business on November 23, 2011. On November 7, 2012, our Board of Directors adopted an Amended and Restated Rights Agreement (the "Amended and Restated Rights Agreement"), which modified the Original Rights Agreement by extending the term of the Original Rights Agreement to November 9, 2015, subject to stockholder approval at our 2013 annual meeting of stockholders, and making certain other adjustments.  On December 19, 2012, our Board of Directors amended the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement by shortening the term to April 30, 2014, subject to stockholder approval at our 2013 annual meeting of stockholders.  If our stockholders do not ratify the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement at our 2013 annual meeting of stockholders, the rights will automatically expire and the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement will terminate.

Upon becoming exercisable, each right will entitle its holder to purchase from the Company one one-hundredth of a share of our Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock for the purchase price of $30.00. Generally, the rights will become exercisable ten business days after the date on which any person or group becomes the beneficial owner of 20% or more of our common stock or has commenced a tender or exchange offer which, if consummated, would result in any person or group becoming the beneficial owner of 20% or more of our common stock, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the rights agreement. The rights are attached to the certificates representing outstanding shares of common stock until the rights become exercisable, at which point separate certificates will be distributed to the record holders of our common stock. If a person or group becomes the beneficial owner of 20% or more of our common stock, which we refer to as an "acquiring person," each right will entitle its holder, other than the acquiring person, to receive upon exercise a number of shares of our common stock having a market value of two times the purchase price of the right.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2011-11, Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities. The amendments in this update require an entity to disclose information about offsetting and related arrangements to enable users of its financial statements to understand the effect of those arrangements on its financial position. This update will enhance disclosures required by U.S. GAAP by requiring improved information about financial instruments and derivative instruments. The requirements of this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, and interim periods within those annual periods. Entities should provide the disclosures required retrospectively for all comparative periods presented. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2011-11 on the consolidated financial statements.

In July 2012, FASB issued ASU 2012-02, Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment.  The objective of the amendments in this update is to reduce the cost and complexity of performing an impairment test for indefinite-lived intangible assets by simplifying how an entity tests those assets for impairment and to improve consistency in impairment testing guidance among long-lived asset categories.  The amendments permit an entity first to assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test.  The amendments are effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. Early adoption is permitted, including for annual and interim impairment tests performed as of a date before July 27, 2012, if a public entity's financial statements for the most recent annual or interim period have not yet been issued or, for nonpublic entities, have not yet been made available for issuance.  We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2012-02 on the consolidated financial statements.

Recent Accounting Adoptions
 
In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs. This guidance amends U.S. GAAP to conform with measurement and disclosure requirements in IFRS.  The amendments change the wording used to describe the requirements in U.S. GAAP for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements, and they include those that clarify the FASB's intent about the application of existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements and those that change a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or for disclosing information about fair value measurements.  In addition, to improve consistency in application across jurisdictions, some changes in wording are necessary to ensure that U.S. GAAP and IFRS fair value measurement and disclosure requirements are described in the same way.  This amended guidance is to be applied prospectively and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011.  The Company adopted ASU No. 2011-04 effective January 1, 2012 and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
 
In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income. The objective of this update is to facilitate convergence of U.S. GAAP and IFRS. This update revises the manner in which entities present comprehensive income in their financial statements. Entities have the option to present total comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income as either a single, continuous statement of comprehensive income or as two separate but consecutive statements. The amendments of this update do not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income.
The amendments in this update are to be applied retrospectively for all periods presented in the financial statements and are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment. This update will allow an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under these amendments, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. This update is effective prospectively for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011.  The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.