-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, EwF11oIlNffTyLpSSFIWnPNNFS6d5zNVtGqXKnMArPzCrNeRxunlJulYNUZgV5Wo 0FT1v5eWi0320UFwCCbppw== 0001047469-05-008707.txt : 20060406 0001047469-05-008707.hdr.sgml : 20060406 20050401061125 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001047469-05-008707 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: S-1/A PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 15 FILED AS OF DATE: 20050401 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20050429 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: ACCURIDE CORP CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000817979 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: MOTOR VEHICLE PARTS & ACCESSORIES [3714] IRS NUMBER: 611109077 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: S-1/A SEC ACT: 1933 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-121944 FILM NUMBER: 05722760 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: ACCURIDE STREET 2: 7140 OFFICE CIRCLE CITY: EVANSVILLE STATE: IN ZIP: 47715 BUSINESS PHONE: 8129625000 S-1/A 1 a2151900zs-1a.htm S-1/A
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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 1, 2005

Registration No. 333-121944



SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549


Amendment No. 3
To
Form S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933


Accuride Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
  3714
(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
  61-1109077
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

7140 Office Circle
Evansville, Indiana 47715
Telephone: (812) 962-5000
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant's principal executive offices)

John R. Murphy
Chief Financial Officer
Accuride Corporation
7140 Office Circle
Evansville, Indiana 47715
Telephone: (812) 962-5000
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)


Copies to:

Christopher D. Lueking, Esq.
Mark V. Roeder, Esq.
Latham & Watkins LLP
Sears Tower, Suite 5800
233 South Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60606
Telephone: (312) 876-7700
Facsimile: (312) 993-9767
  Risë B. Norman, Esq.
Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
425 Lexington Avenue
New York, New York 10017-3954
Telephone: (212) 455-2000
Facsimile: (212) 455-2502

        Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:    As soon as practicable after the effective date of this registration statement.

        If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following box. o

        If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o                        

        If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o                        

        If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o                        

        If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. o


CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE


Title of each class of
securities to be registered

  Proposed maximum
offering price(1)

  Amount of
registration fee(2)


Common stock, par value $0.01 per share   $303,715,000   $35,747.26

(1)
Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act. See "Underwriting."

(2)
Previously paid.

        The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.




The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED APRIL 1, 2005

PROSPECTUS

13,900,000 Shares

GRAPHIC

Common Stock


        We are offering 5,560,000 shares of our common stock in this initial public offering. The selling stockholders named in this prospectus are offering an additional 8,340,000 shares. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders. The selling stockholders have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to 2,085,000 additional shares of common stock at the public offering price less the underwriting discount to cover over-allotments.

        No public market currently exists for our common stock. Our common stock has been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "ACW", subject to official notice of issuance. We currently estimate that the initial public offering price will be between $17.00 and $19.00 per share.


        Investing in our common stock involves risks. See "Risk Factors" beginning on page 15.

        Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.


 
  Per Share
  Total
Public offering price   $                 $              
Underwriting discount   $                 $              
Proceeds to Accuride Corporation (before expenses)   $                 $              
Proceeds to selling stockholders (before expenses)   $                 $              

        The underwriters expect to deliver the shares to purchasers on or about                        , 2005.


Citigroup Deutsche Bank Securities UBS Investment Bank

Robert W. Baird & Co.   Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.

                        , 2005


GRAPHIC



TABLE OF CONTENTS

 
  Page
Prospectus Summary   1
Risk Factors   15
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements   30
TTI Merger   31
Use of Proceeds   33
Dividend Policy   33
Capitalization   34
Dilution   35
Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Data   37
Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride   49
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations   52
Industry   68
Business   74
Management   90
Principal Stockholders and Selling Stockholders   105
Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions   115
Description of Certain Indebtedness   119
Description of Capital Stock   124
Shares Eligible for Future Sale   128
Material U.S. Federal Income and Estate Tax Consequences for Non-U.S. Holders   130
Underwriting   134
Legal Matters   137
Experts   137
Where You Can Find Additional Information   137
Index to Financial Statements of Accuride Corporation   F-1
Index to Financial Statements of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc.   F-34


PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

        The following summary contains basic information about this offering. It likely does not contain all of the information that is important to you. For a more complete understanding of this offering, we encourage you to read this entire prospectus and the documents to which we have referred you. The following summary should be read in conjunction with the more detailed information and financial statements (including the notes to the financial statements) appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. For a discussion of certain factors to be considered in connection with an investment decision, see "Risk Factors."

        Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, the terms "Company," "we," "us," "our" and "Accuride" refer to Accuride Corporation and its subsidiaries after giving effect to the acquisition of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. as described on page 7, which we refer to as the "TTI merger." "TTI" refers to Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries. When we describe historical Accuride financial information on a "pro forma" basis, we are giving effect to the TTI merger, the sale of our new senior subordinated notes and the borrowings described on page 7, which we refer to collectively as the "Transactions," and when we describe Accuride financial information on a "pro forma as adjusted" basis, we are giving effect to the Transactions, this offering and the use of proceeds thereof as described under "Use of Proceeds."

Our Company

        We are one of the largest and most diversified manufacturers and suppliers of commercial vehicle components in North America. Our products include commercial vehicle wheels, wheel-end components and assemblies, truck body and chassis parts, seating assemblies and other commercial vehicle components. We market our products under some of the most recognized brand names in the industry, including Accuride, Gunite, Imperial, Bostrom, Fabco and Brillion. We believe that we have number one or number two market positions in steel wheels, forged aluminum wheels, brake drums, disc wheel hubs, spoke wheels, metal grills, metal bumpers, crown assemblies, chrome plating and polishing, seating assemblies and fuel tanks in commercial vehicles. We serve the leading original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, and their related aftermarket channels in most major segments of the commercial vehicle market, including heavy- and medium-duty trucks, commercial trailers, light trucks, buses, as well as specialty and military vehicles. For the year ended December 31, 2004, we generated pro forma net sales of $1,082.3 million.

        Our primary product lines are standard equipment used by virtually all North American heavy- and medium-duty truck OEMs, creating a significant barrier to entry. We believe that substantially all heavy-duty truck models manufactured in North America contain one or more Accuride components. For the year ended December 31, 2004, we sold approximately 59% of our products to heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer OEMs and approximately 22% to the related aftermarkets. The remainder of our sales were made to customers in the light truck, specialty and military vehicle and other industrial markets. Over the last three fiscal years, our pro forma aftermarket sales have grown at an annualized rate of 10.6%. We believe that continued growth in the aftermarket represents an attractive diversification to our original equipment business due to its relative stability and higher margins.

        Our diversified customer base includes substantially all of the leading commercial vehicle OEMs, such as Freightliner Corporation, with its Freightliner, Sterling and Western Star brand trucks, PACCAR, Inc., with its Peterbilt and Kenworth brand trucks, International Truck and Engine Corporation, with its International brand trucks, and Volvo Truck Corporation, or Volvo/Mack, with its Volvo and Mack brand trucks. Our primary commercial trailer customers include leading commercial trailer OEMs, such as Great Dane Limited Partnership and Wabash National, Inc. Major light truck customers include Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation. Our product portfolio is

1



supported by strong sales, marketing and design engineering capabilities and is manufactured in 17 strategically located, technologically-advanced facilities across the United States, Mexico and Canada.

Our Products

        The following table provides a summary of our key products and brands:

Product Category
  2004
Pro Forma Net Sales

  % of
Total Sales

  Principal Product Lines
  Brands
 
  (dollars in millions)

   
   
   
Commercial vehicle steel wheels   $ 243.3   22.5 % Steel wheels for heavy- and medium-duty vehicles   Accuride

Commercial vehicle aluminum wheels

 

$

143.1

 

13.2

%

Forged aluminum wheels for heavy- and medium-duty vehicles

 

Accuride

Wheel-end components and assemblies

 

$

261.6

 

24.2

%

Brake drums, disc wheel hubs, spoke wheels, disc brake rotors and automatic slack adjusters

 

Gunite

Truck body and chassis parts

 

$

123.6

 

11.4

%

Bumpers, fuel tanks, bus components and chassis assemblies, battery boxes and toolboxes, front-end crossmembers, muffler assemblies, crown assemblies and components

 

Imperial

Light truck wheels

 

$

106.8

 

9.9

%

Steel wheels for light-duty trucks

 

Accuride

Seating assemblies

 

$

61.7

 

5.7

%

Air suspension and static seating assemblies: high-back, mid-back, low-back, three-man and two-man bench seats, school bus, transit bus and mechanical seats

 

Bostrom

Other components

 

$

142.2

 

13.1

%

Accuride: military and specialty wheels
Fabco: steerable drive axles and gear boxes
Brillion: flywheels, transmission and engine-related housing, chassis brackets and non-powered farm equipment

 

Accuride, Fabco and Brillion

 

 



 



 

 

 

 
Total   $ 1,082.3   100.0 %      
   
 
       

Our Industry

        We compete in the North American commercial vehicle components industry and serve the heavy-duty, or Class 8, truck market, the medium-duty, or Class 5-7, truck market, the commercial trailer market, the light, or Class 3-4, truck market, the bus market, as well as the specialty and military vehicle markets. We sell our products primarily to truck and commercial trailer OEMs and the related aftermarkets. Heavy- and medium-duty trucks are used for local and long-haul commercial trucking and are classified by gross vehicle weight. The heavy-duty truck market is comprised of trucks with gross weight in excess of 33,000 lbs. and the medium-duty truck market is comprised of trucks with gross

2



weight from 16,001 lbs. to 33,000 lbs. Demand for our products is driven by demand for these vehicles, which is itself driven largely by the following key factors:

    The Economic Cycle.  Growth in the commercial vehicle industry tends to grow in-line with the broader economy. As a result, the trucking industry generally correlates with economic indicators, including gross domestic product, and industrial production indicators, such as the Industrial Production Index.

    Freight Growth.  Freight growth, which is driven both by economic expansion and a shift in share from other modes of transportation (i.e., rail, pipeline, etc.), leads to an increased need for commercial vehicles. According to the American Trucking Association, or ATA, truck freight has increased market share at the expense of both rail and water freight, increasing from 63.3% of the overall market in 1998 to 68.9% in 2003. We believe that this trend will continue due to the flexibility and on-time delivery record of trucking vis-à-vis other modes of transporting goods.

    The Replacement Cycle.  Another key industry driver is the finite lives of commercial vehicles. Most leading national freight companies replace their vehicles every three to five years. According to America's Commercial Transportation Publications, or ACT, at the end of 2003, the average age of existing heavy-duty truck fleets reached a ten-year high of 5.9 years, relative to the ten-year average of 5.5 years. Historically, vehicle demand increases as trucking fleets revert to a normal age level for their vehicles.

        According to ACT, North American heavy-duty truck production is expected to increase from 262,569 units in 2004 to 340,928 units in 2009, a compound annual growth rate of 5.4%. Evidence of the initiation of this trend can be seen in North American heavy-duty truck orders in 2004. Monthly truck order rates began increasing significantly in December 2003 and continued at a strong pace in 2004. North American year-over-year heavy-duty net truck orders increased 90% from 2003 to 2004. Since 2003, all of the major OEMs have increased their truck build rates to meet the increased demand. The medium-duty market, which tends to be less cyclical than the heavy-duty market, also improved in 2004; production is expected to increase from 240,142 units in 2004 to 276,576 units in 2009. Similar to heavy-duty trucks, there was robust demand for commercial trailers in 2004; commercial trailer sales are expected to increase from 235,953 units in 2004 to 288,963 units in 2009.

        The heavy- and medium-duty commercial vehicle components aftermarket is characterized by steady sales and higher margins than the OEM market. Demand in the aftermarket is primarily driven by the number of trucks in operation and the number of miles driven. We believe that the growth and stability of the aftermarket correlates with the number of tonmiles (the number of miles driven multiplied by the number of tons transported) driven in the overall trucking industry, which is expected to increase steadily through 2009.

Our Competitive Strengths

        We believe that the following competitive strengths contribute to our strong market positions and will enable us to continue to improve our profitability and cash flows:

    Leading Market Positions.  We are among North America's largest companies serving the heavy-duty and medium-duty OEMs and related aftermarkets, supplying a broad range of commercial vehicle components. We have leading market positions in heavy-duty steel wheels, in which we believe we have approximately an 87% market share (an increase from approximately a 77% market share in 1998), and in heavy-duty aluminum wheels, in which we believe we have approximately a 48% market share (an increase from approximately a 24% market share in 1998). The TTI merger gives us market leadership positions across a broader spectrum of truck components, including approximately a 54% market share in brake drums and approximately a

3


      36% market share in disc wheel hubs. Based on internal market data, we believe that we have a number one or number two market position with respect to the following products:

Market Position in Key Products

Product Line

  Brand
  Rank
Steel Wheels   Accuride   #1
Brake Drums   Gunite   #1
Disc Wheel Hubs   Gunite   #1
Spoke Wheels   Gunite   #1
Metal Grill and Crown Assemblies   Imperial   #1
Chrome Plating and Polishing   Imperial   #1
Forged Aluminum Wheels   Accuride   #2
Metal Bumpers   Imperial   #2
Fuel Tanks   Imperial   #2
Seating Assemblies   Bostrom   #2
    Significant and Increasing Profitability through Operational Excellence.  Over the past three years, we have significantly reduced our overall cost structure by rationalizing facilities, investing in increased automation and developing proprietary manufacturing processes. Additionally, our management team has aggressively implemented a management system and organization-wide culture focused on continuous operational improvement. This ongoing program is designed to improve productivity, increase both quality and customer satisfaction and lower our cost base. Furthermore, the TTI merger provides the opportunity to create meaningful synergies in terms of rationalizing existing costs.

    Diversified Business.  We believe that our product portfolio is one of the broadest in the North American commercial vehicle parts industry and provides us with a competitive advantage because it allows us to meet more of our customers' demands as they increasingly outsource production and seek to streamline their supplier base. The following table describes our approximate 2004 pro forma net sales by product, end market and customer:

2004 Pro Forma Net Sales Breakdown

By Product   By End Market   By Customer

LOGO

 

LOGO

 

LOGO

Source: Management estimates.

    Strong, Long-Term Customer Relationships.  We have successfully developed strong relationships with all of the primary North American commercial vehicle OEMs by offering a broad range of high quality products through targeted sales and marketing efforts. Our strong customer

4


      relationships are reflected in the fact that for over ten years our products have been standard equipment at virtually all North American heavy- and medium-duty truck OEMs. Combining TTI's product lines with Accuride's allows our customers to acquire a greater number of critical components from a single source.

    Significant and Growing Aftermarket Presence.  The aftermarket represents a stable, recurring and higher margin portion of our business. Over the last three fiscal years, our pro forma aftermarket sales have grown at an annualized rate of 10.6%. We believe that our increased penetration is a direct result of our focus on the aftermarket and that the TTI merger will provide us with a broader aftermarket distribution network to reach more customers.

    Significant Barriers to Entry.  Our businesses have considerable barriers to entry, including the following: (1) significant capital investment and research and development requirements, (2) stringent OEM technical and manufacturing requirements, (3) high switching costs for OEMs to shift production to new suppliers, (4) just-in-time delivery requirements to meet OEM volume demand, (5) strong name-brand recognition and (6) significant inter-continental shipping costs and unique North American design requirements limiting imports.

    State-of-the-Art Manufacturing Facilities.  Since 1999, we have invested over $200 million to expand, improve and optimize our facilities, including the wide use of robotics and increased automation. Our state-of-the-art facilities have available capacity to meet projected demand for the vast majority of our products, and are strategically located within relative proximity of many of our customers.

    Proven Management Team.  With an average of over 25 years of experience in heavy manufacturing and the commercial vehicle market, our management team is highly experienced and well respected in the industry. The expertise and strength of our management team has resulted in tangible successes, despite a recent industry downturn, in increasing market share and margins, rationalizing costs, managing working capital and developing our strong market presence and reputation as an industry leader.

Our Strategy

        We believe that our strong competitive position, in combination with the cost reduction initiatives that we have implemented over the last five years, will enable us to benefit significantly from the anticipated growth in the North American truck market. We are committed to enhancing our sales, profitability and cash flows through the following strategies:

    Focus on Operational Excellence and Efficiency.  We believe that we have a highly competitive cost structure compared with our competitors. We have maintained our gross profit margin over the past several years despite an industry-wide downturn in heavy-duty truck builds from 2000 through 2003. Improvements in efficiencies have increased our manufacturing capacity, positioning us more favorably than in the past to meet the projected growth in North American demand for trucks. To reduce our exposure to raw material cost increases, we have implemented a combination of price increases and surcharges.

    Enhance Market Position through Organic Growth and Revenue Synergies.  We have a multi-pronged growth strategy that includes initiatives to continue to increase market share, add new products and increase customer penetration. In addition, as a result of the TTI merger and our increased product offerings, we believe that there is an opportunity to cross-sell the products offered under each of our brand names and increase our market position in complementary heavy- and medium-duty truck components.

    Realize Cost Synergies from TTI Merger.  The combination of Accuride and TTI provides the opportunity to create substantial synergies in terms of rationalizing existing costs, eliminating

5


      redundant corporate overhead expenses and reducing other costs through the consolidation of corporate functions. We intend to build on the success of our past cost improvement initiatives to further improve margins.

    Increase Products under Standard Supplier Arrangements.  Many of our components are designated as "standard" equipment for a majority of truck platforms at each of Freightliner, PACCAR International and Volvo/Mack. We believe that we have significant opportunities to increase the number of platforms on which we are the standard supplier as well as the number of products for which we are the sole-source supplier.

    Build Upon Our Market Leading Product Portfolio.  As a result of the TTI merger, we believe that we have a market-leading portfolio of products targeting the commercial vehicle market. We intend to continue strengthening and expanding our product portfolio through both internal product development efforts and through select acquisitions of strategic products, where strategically and financially prudent.

    Expand Truck Aftermarket Penetration.  Our success in growing our aftermarket business has led to a large installed base for our products and increased use of our replacement parts. We believe that our aftermarket opportunities will be somewhat insulated from any fluctuation in new truck production due to the record number of trucks produced in the past decade and our leading OEM market share positions.

    Reduce Indebtedness and Leverage. We currently anticipate reducing our indebtedness and taking steps to reduce our leverage by applying a significant portion of our net proceeds from this offering to repay certain of our outstanding indebtedness. We may also apply a portion of excess cash flow in future periods towards debt reduction in order to further reduce our leverage and increase our financial flexibility.


Risks Related to Our Business

        Our business is subject to certain risks, many of which are beyond our control, including our dependence on a small number of major customers, exposure to fluctuations in the cost of raw materials and the cyclical nature of the industries and markets that we serve. Our ability to execute our business strategy is also subject to certain risks, many of which are beyond our control. These risks include those generally associated with being a manufacturer and supplier of commercial vehicle components in North America. For example, we may not be successful in implementing our strategy if unforeseen factors emerge that diminish the expected growth in the North American truck market, we experience increased pressure on our profit margins or unforeseen competing technologies emerge. In addition, the integration of TTI and any other acquired companies may not be completed successfully or lead to expected synergies. Moreover, as of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, we had an aggregate of $763.0 million of total outstanding debt and our pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges was 2.02x (earnings represent income before income taxes plus fixed charges; fixed charges consists of interest expense, net, including amortization of discount and financing costs and 33% of our annual operating rental expense, which management believes is representative of the interest component of rent expense). This substantial level of indebtedness could increase our vulnerability to any future downturns in the commercial vehicle components market or the economy in general. As a result of these factors or other factors described in this prospectus under "Risk Factors", we may decide to alter or discontinue aspects of our business strategy and may adopt alternative or additional strategies. Any failure to successfully implement our business strategy could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, while we may successfully implement our business strategy, the benefits of these achievements may be mitigated in part or in whole if we suffer from one or more of these or other factors described in this prospectus.

6



Corporate Information

        We are a Delaware corporation and the address of our principal executive office is 7140 Office Circle, Evansville, Indiana 47715. Our telephone number is (812) 962-5000. Our website address is www.accuridecorp.com. Information contained on our website is not part of this prospectus.

        All trademarks, trade names and service marks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

The TTI Merger and Related Transactions

        On January 31, 2005, pursuant to the terms of an agreement and plan of merger, a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride was merged with and into TTI, resulting in TTI becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride, which we refer to as the TTI merger. Upon consummation of the TTI merger, the stockholders of Accuride prior to consummation of the TTI merger owned 66.88% of the common stock of the combined company and the former stockholders of TTI owned 33.12% of the common stock of the combined company, with up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of the common stock of the combined company issuable to the former stockholders of TTI upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005.

        In connection with the TTI merger:

    we sold $275.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 81/2% senior subordinated notes due 2015, which we refer to as our new senior subordinated notes, in a private placement transaction;

    we entered into senior secured credit facilities, consisting of a $550.0 million term loan credit facility and a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $125.0 million, which is comprised of a new $95.0 million U.S. revolving credit facility and the continuation of a $30.0 million Canadian revolving credit facility ($25.0 million of the Canadian revolving credit facility was funded as of January 31, 2005);

    we discharged all of Accuride's outstanding 91/4% senior subordinated notes due 2008, including accrued interest and a redemption premium;

    we discharged all of TTI's outstanding 121/2% senior subordinated notes due 2010, including accrued interest and a redemption premium;

    we repaid substantially all existing senior secured indebtedness of Accuride and TTI, including accrued interest and redemption premiums;

    we paid approximately $39.2 million of transaction fees and expenses; and

    in connection with the completion of its audit of, and the issuance of an unqualified report on, TTI's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004, our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, identified deficiencies involving internal controls of TTI that it considers to be reportable conditions that constitute material weaknesses pursuant to standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. For a further description of the nature of the material weaknesses and the Company's remediation efforts, see "Business—Internal Control over Financial Reporting."

        We refer to the TTI merger, the sale of our new senior subordinated notes and the borrowings under our new senior credit facilities collectively as the Transactions.

7



THE OFFERING

Common stock offered by us   5,560,000 shares

Common stock offered by the selling stockholders

 

8,340,000 shares

Over-allotment option

 

2,085,000 shares

Total common stock to be outstanding after this offering

 

29,482,009 shares

Use of proceeds

 

We estimate that the net proceeds to us from the offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses, will be approximately $90,074,600. We estimate that our net proceeds will be approximately $90,074,600 if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full. We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering for the repayment of outstanding indebtedness and for general corporate purposes. We will not receive any proceeds from sales of our common stock by the selling stockholders in the offering. The selling stockholders will receive all net proceeds from the sale of shares of our common stock by them under this prospectus. See "Use of Proceeds."

Dividend Policy

 

We do not anticipate paying any dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. See "Dividend Policy."

New York Stock Exchange Symbol

 

ACW

        The calculation of shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering as presented here and throughout this prospectus, unless otherwise indicated, is based on 23,765,185 shares of our common stock outstanding on March 4, 2005 and assumes:

    the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option;

    the 591-for-one split of our common stock that will occur immediately prior to the consummation of this offering;

    the issuance of a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. See "TTI Merger."

        In addition, the total common stock to be outstanding after this offering includes 156,824 shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of vested options by certain selling stockholders immediately prior to the completion of this offering.

        The number of outstanding shares of common stock calculated above excludes 1,267,520 shares issuable upon exercise of currently outstanding options under the Accuride Corporation 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan, which we refer to as the 1998 Plan, that will not be exercised by selling stockholders immediately prior to the consummation of the offering, 829,265 shares issuable upon the exercise of new options to be issued concurrently with consummation of the offering under our new Accuride Corporation 2005 Incentive Award Plan, which we refer to as the Incentive Plan, which options will have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. With respect to the options to be issued concurrently with the consummation of the offering, we anticipate that the exercise price will be $18.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. We also reserved an additional 1,458,318 shares of common stock for issuance under our Incentive Plan and Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The 1,424,344 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options currently outstanding under our 1998 Plan have a weighted average exercise price of $4.53 per share.

Risk Factors

        Investing in our common stock involves a number of material risks. For a discussion of certain risks that should be considered in connection with an investment in our common stock, see "Risk Factors."

8



ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

        You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not, the selling stockholders have not and the underwriters have not, authorized any other person to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus. If any person provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We and the selling stockholders are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, the common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted.

        The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date.


MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA

        This prospectus contains market and industry data, primarily from reports published by America's Commercial Transportation Publications, or ACT, the American Trucking Association, or ATA, and from internal company surveys, studies and research related to the truck components industry and its segments as well as the truck industry in general. These data include estimates and forecasts regarding future growth in these industries, truck freight growth and the historical average age of active U.S. heavy-duty trucks. Such data have been published in industry publications that typically indicate that they have derived the data from sources believed to be reasonable, but do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the data. While we believe these industry publications to be reliable, we have not independently verified the data or any of the assumptions on which the estimates and forecasts are based. Similarly, internal company surveys, studies and research, while believed by us to be reliable, have not been verified by any independent sources.


SUMMARY HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA AS ADJUSTED
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA

        Set forth below is summary consolidated financial and other data of Accuride and TTI and pro forma as adjusted financial and other data of Accuride at the dates and for the periods indicated. We derived the statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 and consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004, from Accuride's audited financial statements. The following information is only a summary and should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Data," "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride" and our consolidated audited financial statements and their notes included elsewhere in this prospectus, as well as other financial information included in this prospectus.

        The summary unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated financial data for the year ended December 31, 2004 have been derived from our unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated financial data for the year ended December 31, 2004 included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated statement of operations data have been adjusted to give effect to the Transactions and the offering as if these events occurred on January 1, 2004. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet data have been adjusted to give effect to the Transactions and the offering as if these events occurred as of December 31, 2004. The summary unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated financial data are for informational purposes only and do not purport to present what our results of operations and financial condition would have been had the Transactions and the offering actually occurred on these earlier dates, nor do they project our results of operations for any future period or our financial condition at any future date.

9


 
  Accuride Historical
  Pro Forma as Adjusted(a)
 
 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
  (unaudited)

 
      (dollars in thousands, except per share data)  
Statement of Operations Data:                                      
Net sales   $ 475,804   $ 332,071   $ 345,549   $ 364,258   $ 494,008   $ 1,082,348  
Cost of sales(b)     396,587     298,275     286,232     301,428     390,893     903,010  
Gross profit(b)     79,217     33,796     59,317     62,830     103,115     179,338  
Operating expenses     29,494     31,000     24,014     23,918     25,550     79,202  
Income from operations(b)     49,723     2,796     35,303     38,912     77,565     100,136  
Interest income (expense), net(c)     (36,230 )   (40,199 )   (42,017 )   (49,877 )   (36,845 )   (47,137 )
Equity in earning of affiliates(d)     455     250     182     485     646     646  
Other income (expense), net(e)     (6,157 )   (9,837 )   1,430     825     108     108  
Income tax (expense) benefit     (5,278 )   13,836     (5,839 )   930     (19,698 )   (29,550 )
Net income (loss)     2,513     (33,154 )   (10,941 )   (8,725 )   21,776     24,203  

Earnings (Loss) Per Share Data:(f)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Basic   $ 0.17   $ (2.26 ) $ (0.75 ) $ (0.60 ) $ 1.49   $ 0.86  
  Diluted     0.17     (2.26 )   (0.75 )   (0.60 )   1.43     0.83  
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in thousands):                                      
  Basic     14,654     14,654     14,654     14,655     14,657     28,181  
  Diluted     14,677     14,654     14,654     14,655     15,224     29,037  

Balance Sheet Data (at year end):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 38,516   $ 47,708   $ 41,266   $ 42,692   $ 71,843   $ 47,798  
Working capital (deficit)(g)     12,977     7,364     21,712     35,845     37,744     87,795  
Total assets     515,271     498,223     515,167     528,297     583,843     1,200,751  
Total debt     448,886     476,550     474,155     490,475     488,680     763,025  
Stockholders' equity (deficiency)     (29,200 )   (62,354 )   (53,249 )   (65,842 )   (44,572 )   115,816  

Other Financial and Operating Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
North American Class 8 heavy-duty truck production (units)     252,006     145,978     181,199     176,774     262,569     262,569  
Net cash provided by (used in):                                      
  Operating activities   $ 66,343   $ 1,359   $ 15,307   $ 7,964   $ 58,329     N/A  
  Investing activities     (51,688 )   (18,405 )   (19,766 )   (19,672 )   (27,272 )   N/A  
  Financing activities     (8,632 )   26,238     (1,983 )   13,134     (1,906 )   N/A  
  EBITDA(h)     74,012     26,625     65,128     70,026     106,757     148,577  
  Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA(i)     15,333     14,353     3,421     2,061     (427 )   11,508  
  Capital expenditures     50,420     17,705     19,316     20,261     26,421     35,496  
Depreciation and amortization(j)     29,991     33,416     28,213     29,804     28,438     47,687  

(a)
See "Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Data" on pages 37-48.

(b)
Gross profit for 2000 reflected $5.0 million of costs related to integration and restructuring charges at our Monterrey, Mexico facility and $0.2 million of costs related to restructuring charges related to our other facilities. Gross profit for 2001 reflected $2.7 million of charges related to the closure of the Columbia, Tennessee facility, $1.6 million of restructuring charges related to our other facilities and a $2.7 million charge for impaired assets at the Monterrey, Mexico facility. Gross profit for 2002 reflected $0.9 million of costs related to a reduction in employee workforce, $0.4 million of costs related to non-cash pension curtailment expenses associated with a labor dispute in the Henderson, Kentucky facility plus $1.1 million of costs related to the consolidation of light wheel production. Gross profit for 2003 reflected $2.2 million for costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003 for which no insurance proceeds had been received, $0.4 million for strike contingency costs associated with the recent renewal of our labor contract at our facility in Erie, Pennsylvania and $0.3 million for pension related costs at our facility in London, Ontario. Gross profit for 2004 reflects $0.5 million for costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003, $1.2 million for costs associated with roof damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, offset by $2.0 million of insurance proceeds received in the fourth quarter of 2004 related to the business interruption portion of our 2003 fire claim.

(c)
Includes $11.3 million of refinancing costs during the year ended December 31, 2003. In 2000, $2.5 million related to a gain on extinguishment of debt resulting from the repurchase of $10.1 million principal amount of our senior subordinated notes for $7.3 million.

10


(d)
Includes our income from AOT, Inc., a joint venture in which we own a 50% interest.

(e)
Consists primarily of realized and unrealized gains and losses related to the change in market value of our currency, commodity and interest rate derivative instruments. See "Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Data" on pages 37-48.

(f)
Earnings per share are calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average shares outstanding after giving retroactive effect to the 591-for-one split of our common stock. Unaudited pro forma as adjusted basic and diluted earnings per share have been calculated in accordance with the SEC rules for initial public offerings. These rules require that the weighted average share calculation give retroactive effect to any changes in our capital structure as well as the number of shares whose sale proceeds will be used to repay any debt as reflected in the pro forma adjustments.

(g)
Represents current assets less cash and current liabilities, excluding debt.

(h)
EBITDA is not intended to represent cash flows as defined by generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating performance or to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. We have included information concerning EBITDA because it is a basis upon which we assess our financial performance and incentive compensation, and certain covenants in our borrowing arrangements are tied to this measure. In addition, EBITDA is used by certain investors as a measure of the ability of a company to service or incur indebtedness and because it is a financial measure commonly used in our industry. EBITDA as presented in this prospectus may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies in our industry. EBITDA consists of our net income (loss) before interest expense, income tax (expense) benefit, depreciation and amortization. Set forth below is a reconciliation of our net income (loss) to EBITDA:
 
   
   
   
   
   
  Pro Forma as Adjusted (a)
 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
   
   
   
   
   
  (unaudited)

 
  (dollars in thousands)

Net income (loss)   $ 2,513   $ (33,154 ) $ (10,941 ) $ (8,725 ) $ 21,776   $ 24,203
  Income tax expense (benefit)     5,278     (13,836 )   5,839     (930 )   19,698     29,550
  Interest expense     36,230     40,199     42,017     49,877     36,845     47,137
  Depreciation and amortization     29,991     33,416     28,213     29,804     28,438     47,687
   
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA   $ 74,012   $ 26,625   $ 65,128   $ 70,026   $ 106,757   $ 148,577
   
 
 
 
 
 
(i)
Net income (loss) was affected by the unusual items presented in the following table:

 
   
   
   
   
   
  Pro Forma As Adjusted (a)
 
 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
  (unaudited)

 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses(1)                       $ 362  
Net loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment(2)                         2,203  
Chief executive officer severance(3)                         3,460  
Transaction-related costs(4)                         3,860  
Restructuring and integration costs(5)   $ 6,032   $ 4,292   $ 2,334              
Aborted merger and acquisition costs(6)     3,147                      
Business interruption costs(7)               $ 2,157   $ (319 )   (319 )
Strike avoidance costs(8)                 444          
Other unusual items(9)         224     2,517     285          
Items related to Accuride's credit agreement(10)     6,154     9,837     (1,430 )   (825 )   (108 )   (108 )
Inventory adjustment(11)                         2,050  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA   $ 15,333   $ 14,353   $ 3,421   $ 2,061   $ (427 ) $ 11,508  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 

    (1)
    TTI's selling, general and administrative expenses in 2004 included $0.4 million related to professional fees for the 2001 audit performed in connection with TTI's proposed initial public offering.

    (2)
    In the quarter ended June 30, 2004, TTI entered into negotiations with a buyer for the sale of certain of its assets held for sale at its Erie, Pennsylvania location at a price below carrying value. To comply with the requirements of SFAS

11


      No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," TTI recorded an impairment loss of $2.2 million.

    (3)
    In August 2004, TTI recorded severance expense of $3.5 million in connection with the retirement of its former chief executive officer.

    (4)
    Transaction related costs include $2.9 million of TTI's expenses related to the aborted initial public offering in 2004, and $1.0 million of expenses related to the merger in 2004.

    (5)
    Restructuring and integration costs for 2000 included $5.4 million of restructuring and integration costs related to operations in Monterrey, Mexico and $0.6 million for restructuring costs in the United States. Restructuring and integration costs for 2001 include $2.7 million of charges related to the closure of the Columbia, Tennessee facility and $1.6 million of restructuring charges related to our other facilities. Restructuring and integration costs for 2002 included $1.2 million of costs related to a reduction in the employee workforce and $1.1 million of costs related to the consolidation of light wheel production.

    (6)
    In 2000, we incurred $3.1 million of costs related to aborted merger and acquisition activities.

    (7)
    Business interruption costs for 2003 included $2.2 million of cost associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003. Business interruption costs for 2004 included $1.2 million for costs associated with roof damage and resulting business interruption sustained at Accuride's facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio and $0.5 million of additional costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at Accuride's facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003. These costs were offset by insurance proceeds in the amount of $2.0 million related to our business interruption claim for the 2003 fire.

    (8)
    In 2003, we incurred $0.4 million for strike contingency costs associated with the renewal of our labor contract at our facility in Erie, Pennsylvania.

    (9)
    Other unusual items in 2001 included $0.2 million of charges related to the amended and restated credit agreement entered into on July 27, 2001. Other unusual items in 2002 included $0.4 million of costs related to non-cash pension curtailment expenses associated with a labor dispute at our Henderson, Kentucky facility, $1.3 million one-time settlement fee paid to prior owner, $0.5 million of aborted business development costs and $0.4 million of other non-recurring professional fees related to a corporate restructuring at our Mexican subsidiary. Other unusual items in 2003 included $0.3 million for pension-related costs at our facility in London, Ontario.

    (10)
    Items related to our credit agreement refers to amounts utilized in the calculation of financial convenants in Accuride's senior debt facility. Items related to our credit agreement in 2000 consist of foreign currency losses of $6.2 million. Items related to our credit agreement in 2001 consisted of foreign currency losses of $6.2 million and other expense of $3.6 million. Items related to our credit agreement in 2002 consisted of foreign currency losses of $1.6 million and other income of $3.1 million. Items related to our credit agreement in 2003 consisted of foreign currency gains of $0.9 million and other expense of $0.1 million. Items related to our credit agreement for the year ended December 31, 2004 included currency gain and other income of $0.1 million.

    (11)
    Cost of sales on a pro forma basis included $2.1 million to reflect the sale of inventory that has been adjusted to fair market value as part of the TTI merger.

(j)
Effective January 1, 2002, Accuride adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard, or SFAS, No. 142, "Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." No goodwill amortization was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004.

12


 
  TTI Historical
 
 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2000(a)
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Statement of Operations Data:                                
Net sales   $ 522,577   $ 391,401   $ 411,598   $ 440,009   $ 588,340  
Cost of sales     438,876     330,873     340,103     368,931     512,624  
Gross profit     83,701     60,528     71,495     71,078     75,716  
Selling, general and administrative expenses     52,496     43,701     36,673     38,896     39,744  
Other operating expenses (credits), net     643     19,573         (9,236 )   9,523  
   
 
 
 
 
 
Income (loss) from operations     30,562     (2,746 )   34,822     41,418     26,449  
Interest expense, net     42,582     45,640     42,306     40,362     31,928  
Other (income) expense, net     29,918     (3,209 )   (92 )   (8,693 )   10,655  
Income taxes expense (benefit)     (11,597 )   (15,151 )   (1,679 )   6,248     (1,229 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of income taxes(b)             (3,794 )        
   
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) from continuing operations     (30,341 )   (30,026 )   (9,507 )   3,501     (14,905 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) before preferred dividends     (30,341 )   (30,026 )   (9,507 )   3,501     (14,905 )
Preferred dividends     9,662     13,393     15,267     17,769     31,075  
   
 
 
 
 
 

Net income (loss) available for common shareholders

 

$

(40,003

)

$

(43,419

)

$

(24,774

)

$

(14,268

)

$

(45,980

)
   
 
 
 
 
 

Balance Sheet Data (at year end):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 4,352   $ 16,279   $ 14,085   $   $ 1,150  
Working capital(c)     38,427     21,386     21,138     32,988     36,720  
Total assets     519,562     463,649     450,543     450,744     476,847  
Total debt     367,929     350,303     347,836     309,129     325,238  
Stockholders' equity (deficiency)     14,496     (9,571 )   (25,375 )   19,769     2,000  

Other Financial and Operating Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
North American heavy-duty truck production (units)     252,006     145,978     181,199     176,774     262,569  
Net cash provided by (used in):                                
  Operating activities   $ 3,224   $ 22,296   $ 23,194   $ 7,846   $ 4,684  
  Investing activities     (19,618 )   9,550     (10,242 )   (8,393 )   (9,075 )
  Financing activities     11,947     (19,919 )   (15,146 )   (13,538 )   5,541  
EBITDA(d)     41,827     25,716     50,340     66,964     40,130  
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA(e)     19,115     16,165         (18,826 )   9,885  
Capital expenditures     18,773     5,450     10,242     15,044     9,075  
Depreciation and amortization     25,600     25,054     15,518     15,546     13,681  

(a)
In March 2000, TTI was recapitalized in a transaction in which approximately 88% of the fully diluted shares of TTI's common stock was converted into the right to receive $21.50 per share in cash. In connection with this recapitalization, TTI entered into new debt financing arrangements.

(b)
During 2002, as a result of TTI's adoption of SFAS No. 142, TTI recorded a transitional goodwill impairment charge net of taxes of $3.8 million. See Note 5 to TTI's audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

(c)
Represents current assets less cash and current liabilities, excluding debt.

(d)
EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and is defined as net income (loss) before discontinued operations and the cumulative effect of accounting changes plus (1) depreciation and amortization, (2) interest expense, net of interest income, (3) loss on debt extinguishment and (4) income taxes. TTI relies on EBITDA as the primary measure to review and assess its operating performance and its management teams. Management and investors also review EBITDA to evaluate TTI's overall performance and to compare TTI's current operating results with corresponding periods and with other companies in the truck components industry. We believe that it is important and useful to investors to provide disclosure of TTI's operating results on the same basis as that used by TTI's management. TTI also believes that it can assist investors in comparing its performance to that of other companies on a consistent basis without regard to items that may not exist or do not directly affect its operating performance. You should not consider EBITDA in isolation or as a substitute for net income or cash flow from operations or other cash flow statement data determined in accordance with GAAP. In addition, because EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and is susceptible to varying calculations, the EBITDA measure presented here may differ from and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

13


Set
forth below is a reconciliation of TTI's net income (loss) to EBITDA:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Net income (loss) before preferred dividends   $ (30,341 ) $ (30,026 ) $ (9,507 ) $ 3,501   $ (14,905 )
Discounted operations, net of income taxes                      
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of income taxes             3,794          
Depreciation and amortization     25,600     25,054     15,518     15,546     13,681  
Interest expense, net of interest income     42,137     45,043     42,214     39,866     31,928  
Loss on debt extinguishment     16,028     796         1,803     10,655  
Income tax expense (benefit)     (11,597 )   (15,151 )   (1,679 )   6,248     (1,229 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
EBITDA   $ 41,827   $ 25,716   $ 50,340   $ 66,964   $ 40,130  
   
 
 
 
 
 
(e)
TTI's net income (loss) was affected by the following unusual items:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
  (dollars in thousands)

Selling, general and administrative expenses (1)   $ 4,137           $ 410   $ 362
Other operating expenses:                              
  Restructuring costs (2)     643     19,573            
  Reduction in estimated environmental remediation liability (3)                 (6,636 )  
  Net (gain) loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment (4)                 (2,600 )   2,203
  Severance of former chief executive officer (5)                     3,460
Other (income) expense, net:                              
  Gain on sale of rail assets (6)         (5,000 )       (10,000 )  
  Transaction-related costs (7)     14,335     1,592             3,860
   
 
 
 
 
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA   $ 19,115   $ 16,165   $   $ (18,826 ) $ 9,885
   
 
 
 
 

    (1)
    Selling, general and administrative expenses included $4.1 million of non-cash compensation in 2000 relating to the recapitalization of TTI (by way of a going-private transaction) in March of that year, $0.3 million for management bonuses related to the exchange of subordinated debt for preferred stock in December 2003 and $0.4 million in 2004, related to professional fees primarily for the 2001 audit performed in connection with TTI's proposed initial public offering.

    (2)
    In 2000, TTI recorded $0.6 million of restructuring costs related to the closure of its Fort Worth, Texas plating facility. In 2001, TTI recorded $19.6 million of restructuring costs, which included $18.9 million of non-cash fixed asset impairment charges and $0.7 million of employee separation expenses. The costs related primarily to the closure of TTI's Erie, Pennsylvania iron casting and machining operation.

    (3)
    In early 2003, TTI undertook a review, with assistance from third-party specialists, of its environmental exposures. The review indicated that there was a substantial reduction in TTI's probable exposure at identified sites due primarily to the inactive status or closure of many of the sites and consent decrees obtained at certain of the sites. Accordingly, TTI reduced its reserves relating to the sites by $6.6 million.

    (4)
    On October 30, 2003, TTI sold the real property of its Emeryville, California plant for $6.5 million and moved the operations into a leased facility in the area. The transaction resulted in a net gain of $3.7 million. This $3.7 million gain was offset by losses on dispositions of fixed assets of $1.1 million. In the quarter ended June 30, 2004, TTI entered into negotiations with a buyer for the sale of certain of its assets held for sale at its Erie, Pennsylvania location at a price below carrying value. To comply with the requirements of SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," TTI recorded an impairment loss of $2.2 million.

    (5)
    In August of 2004, TTI recorded severance expense of $3.5 million in connection with the retirement of its former chief executive officer.

    (6)
    TTI recorded gains from the sale of its residual ownership interest in its former rail car business of $5.0 million in 2001 and $10.0 million in 2003.

    (7)
    Transaction related costs include $14.3 million related to underwriting expenses in 2000, $1.6 million related to the issuance of $10.0 million in common stock and modification of TTI's borrowing agreements in 2001, $2.9 million of expenses related to the aborted initial public offering in 2004 and $1.0 million of expenses related to the TTI merger in 2004.

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RISK FACTORS

        You should carefully consider the following factors, in addition to other information included in this prospectus, before investing in our common stock. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations will likely suffer. In that event, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

    We are dependent on sales to a small number of our major customers and on our status as standard supplier on certain truck platforms of each of our major customers.

        Sales, including aftermarket sales, to Freightliner, PACCAR, International and Volvo/Mack constituted approximately 16%, 15%, 15% and 10%, respectively, of our 2004 pro forma net sales. No other customer accounted for more than 8% of our pro forma net sales during this period. The loss of any significant portion of sales to any of our major customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We are a standard supplier on a majority of truck platforms at each of our major customers, which results in recurring revenue as our standard components are installed on most trucks ordered from that platform, unless the end user specifically requests a different product, generally at an additional charge. The selection of one of our products as a standard component may also create a steady demand for that product in the aftermarket. We may not maintain our current standard supplier positions in the future, and may not become the standard supplier for additional truck platforms. The loss of a significant standard supplier position or a significant number of standard supplier positions with a major customer could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We are continuing to engage in efforts intended to improve and expand our relations with each of Freightliner, PACCAR, International and Volvo/Mack. We have supported our position with these customers through direct and active contact with end users, trucking fleets and dealers, and have located certain of our sales personnel in offices near these customers and most of our other major customers. We cannot assure you that we will maintain or improve our customer relationships, whether these customers will continue to do business with us as they have in the past or whether we will be able to supply these customers or any of our other customers at current levels. The loss of a significant portion of our sales to Freightliner, PACCAR, International or Volvo/Mack could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. In addition, the delay or cancellation of material orders from, or problems at, Freightliner, PACCAR, International or Volvo/Mack or any of our other major customers could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

    Increased cost of raw materials and purchased components may adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        Our business is subject to the risk of price increases and fluctuations and periodic delays in the delivery of raw materials and purchased components that are beyond our control. Our operations require substantial amounts of raw steel, aluminum, steel scrap, pig iron, electricity, coke, natural gas, sheet and formed steel, bearings, purchased components, fasteners, foam, fabrics, silicon sand, binders, sand additives, coated sand and tube steel. Fluctuations in the delivery of these materials may be driven by the supply/demand relationship for a material, factors particular to that material or governmental regulation for raw materials such as electricity and natural gas. In addition, if any of our suppliers seeks bankruptcy relief or otherwise cannot continue its business as anticipated or we cannot renew our supply contracts on favorable terms, the availability or price of raw materials could be adversely affected. Fluctuations in prices and/or availability of the raw materials or purchased components used

15


by us, which at times may be more pronounced during periods of higher truck builds, may affect our profitability and, as a result, have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We use substantial amounts of raw steel and aluminum to produce wheels and rims. Although raw steel is generally available from a number of sources, we have obtained favorable sourcing by negotiating and entering into high-volume contracts with third parties with terms ranging from one to three years. We obtain raw steel and aluminum from various third-party suppliers. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in renewing our supply contracts on favorable terms or at all. A substantial interruption in the supply of raw steel or aluminum or inability to obtain a supply of raw steel or aluminum on commercially desirable terms could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. We are not always able, and may not be able in the future, to pass on increases in the price of raw steel or aluminum to our customers. In particular, when raw material prices increase rapidly or to significantly higher than normal levels, we may not be able to pass price increases through to our customers on a timely basis, if at all, which could adversely affect our operating margins and cash flow. Any fluctuations in the price or availability of raw steel or aluminum may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        Steel scrap and pig iron are also major raw materials used in our business to produce our wheel-end and industrial components. Steel scrap is derived from, among other sources, junked automobiles, industrial scrap, railroad cars, agricultural and heavy machinery and demolition steel scrap from obsolete structures, containers and machines. Pig iron is a low-grade cast iron which is a product of smelting iron ore with coke and limestone in a blast furnace. The availability and price of steel scrap and pig iron are subject to market forces largely beyond our control, including North American and international demand for steel scrap and pig iron, freight costs, speculation and foreign exchange rates. Steel scrap and pig iron availability and price may also be subject to governmental regulation. We are not always able, and may not be able in the future, to pass on increases in the price of steel scrap and pig iron to our customers. In particular, when raw material prices increase rapidly or to significantly higher than normal levels, we may not be able to pass price increases through to our customers on a timely basis, if at all, which could adversely affect our operating margins and cash flow. Any fluctuations in the price or availability of steel scrap or pig iron may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. See "Business—Raw Materials and Suppliers."

    Our business is affected by the cyclical nature of the industries and markets that we serve.

        The heavy- and medium-duty truck and truck components industries, the heavy-duty truck OEM market and, to a lesser extent, the medium-duty truck OEM market and the heavy- and medium-wheel and light-wheel industries are highly cyclical. These industries and markets fluctuate in response to factors that are beyond our control, such as general economic conditions, interest rates, federal and state regulations, consumer spending, fuel costs and our customers' inventory levels and production rates. These industries and markets are particularly sensitive to the industrial sector of the economy, which generates a significant portion of the freight tonnage hauled by trucks. Economic downturns in the industries or markets that we serve generally result in reduced sales of our products, which could lower our profits and cash flows. In addition, our operations are typically seasonal as a result of regular customer maintenance and model changeover shutdowns, which typically occur in the third and fourth quarter of each calendar year. This seasonality may result in decreased net sales and profitability during the third and fourth fiscal quarters of each calendar year. Weakness in overall economic conditions or in the markets that we serve, or significant reductions by our customers in their inventory levels or future production rates, could result in decreased demand for our products and could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

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    Cost reduction and quality improvement initiatives by OEMs could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We are primarily a components supplier to the heavy- and medium-duty truck industries, which are characterized by a small number of OEMs that are able to exert considerable pressure on components suppliers to reduce costs, improve quality and provide additional design and engineering capabilities. Given the fragmented nature of the industry, OEMs continue to demand and receive price reductions and measurable increases in quality through their use of competitive selection processes, rating programs and various other arrangements. We may be unable to generate sufficient production cost savings in the future to offset such price reductions. OEMs may also seek to save costs by relocating production to countries with lower cost structures, which could in turn lead them to purchase components from local suppliers with lower production costs. Additionally, OEMs have generally required component suppliers to provide more design engineering input at earlier stages of the product development process, the costs of which have, in some cases, been absorbed by the suppliers. Future price reductions, increased quality standards and additional engineering capabilities required by OEMs may reduce our profitability and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

    We may be unable to integrate TTI and other acquired companies successfully.

        Integrating TTI and any future acquired business requires substantial management, financial and other resources and may pose risks with respect to customer service and market share. Furthermore, integrating TTI or any business acquired in the future involves a number of special risks, some or all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. These risks include:

    unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures associated with managing a substantially larger, broader and more geographically diverse organization;

    difficulties in assimilating acquired personnel, operations and technologies;

    challenges in implementing appropriate systems, policies, benefits and compliance programs;

    impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets;

    diversion of management's attention from ongoing development of our business or other business concerns;

    potential loss of customers;

    failure to retain key personnel of the acquired businesses;

    the use of substantial amounts of our available cash; and

    the incurrence of additional indebtedness.

        Any one or a combination of these factors may cause our revenues or earnings to decline and we cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain or enhance the profitability of TTI or any acquired business or consolidate its operations to achieve cost savings.

        In addition, there may be liabilities that we fail, or are unable, to discover in the course of performing due diligence investigations on each company or business we have already acquired or may acquire in the future. Such liabilities could include those arising from employee benefits contribution obligations of a prior owner or non-compliance with applicable federal, state or local environmental requirements by prior owners for which we, as a successor owner, may be responsible. We cannot assure you that rights to indemnification by sellers of assets to us, even if obtained, will be enforceable, collectible or sufficient in amount, scope or duration to fully offset the possible liabilities associated

17



with the business or property acquired. Any such liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material averse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

    As a result of the TTI merger, we are a substantially larger and broader organization, and if our management is unable to manage the larger organization, our operating results will suffer.

        As a result of the TTI merger, our workforce increased from approximately 1,800 employees to over 4,700 employees based at 17 facilities in North America and we do not presently anticipate any layoffs in connection with the TTI merger. We will face challenges inherent in efficiently managing an increased number of employees over large geographic distances, including the need to implement appropriate systems, policies, benefits and compliance programs. The inability to successfully manage the substantially larger organization, or any significant delay in achieving successful management, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial position.

    TTI's independent auditors have indicated to us that in connection with their audit of TTI's financial statements they believe there were material weaknesses in TTI's internal controls for the year ended December 31, 2004. Our failure to implement and maintain effective internal controls in our business could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and stock price.

        In connection with the completion of its audit of, and the issuance of an unqualified report on, TTI's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004, our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, identified deficiencies involving internal controls of TTI that it considers to be reportable conditions that constitute material weaknesses pursuant to standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The material weaknesses noted include: (1) weaknesses related to field level controls at TTI's Gunite and Brillion locations, which demonstrated local managements' lack of consistent understanding and compliance with TTI's policies and procedures and which included errors that resulted in certain book to physical inventory adjustments; and (2) a weakness related to the corporate level financial reporting, which consisted of the failure to adequately review the work of a third party actuarial consultant requiring an adjustment to our workers' compensation liability. For a further description of the nature of the material weaknesses and the Company's remediation efforts, see "Business—Internal Control over Financial Reporting."

        In response to the material weaknesses identified by Deloitte & Touche LLP with respect to TTI's internal control over financial reporting, management is implementing additional procedures and controls to remediate the material weaknesses. Actions being taken by management to remediate the material weaknesses with respect to TTI include: (i) monitor compliance with TTI's policies and procedures at the operating locations; (ii) develop targeted site reviews for locations that possess the weakest records of complying with TTI's policies and procedures; and (iii) review all assumptions and data provided to TTI by third party service providers. However, if not properly implemented, these measures may not completely eliminate the material weaknesses identified. The existence of one or more material weaknesses or reportable conditions could result in errors in or restatements of our financial statements and inhibit the Company's ability to produce reliable financial reports, which may cause investors to lose confidence in the Company's reported financial information and have a material adverse effect on the Company's business and stock price.

    We operate in highly competitive markets.

        The markets in which we operate are highly competitive. We compete with a number of other manufacturers and distributors that produce and sell similar products. Our products primarily compete on the basis of price, manufacturing and distribution capability, product design, product quality, product delivery and product service. Some of our competitors are companies, or divisions, units or subsidiaries of companies, that are larger and have greater financial and other resources than we do.

18


Our products may not be able to compete successfully with the products of our competitors. In addition, our competitors may foresee the course of market development more accurately than we do, develop products that are superior to our products, have the ability to produce similar products at a lower cost than we can or adapt more quickly than we do to new technologies or evolving regulatory, industry or customer requirements. As a result, our products may not be able to compete successfully with their products. In addition, OEMs may expand their internal production of wheels, shift sourcing to other suppliers or take other actions that could reduce the market for our products and have a negative impact on our business. We may encounter increased competition in the future from existing competitors or new competitors. We expect these competitive pressures in our markets to remain strong. See "Business—Competition."

        In addition, potential competition from foreign truck components suppliers, especially in the aftermarket, may lead to an increase in truck components imports into North America, adversely affecting our market share and negatively affecting our ability to compete. Foreign truck components suppliers may in the future increase their currently modest share of the markets for truck components in which we compete. Some of these foreign suppliers may be owned, controlled or subsidized by their governments, and their decisions with respect to production, sales and exports may be influenced more by political and economic policy considerations than by prevailing market conditions. In addition, foreign truck components suppliers may be subject to less restrictive regulatory and environmental regimes that could provide them with a cost advantage relative to North American suppliers. Therefore, there is a risk that some foreign suppliers may increase their sales of truck components in North American markets despite decreasing profit margins or losses. If future trade cases do not provide relief from such potential trade practices, U.S. protective trade laws are weakened or international demand for trucks and/or truck components decreases, an increase of truck component imports into the United States may occur, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

    We face exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations and if we were to experience a substantial fluctuation, our profitability may change.

        In the normal course of doing business, we are exposed to risks associated with changes in foreign exchange rates, particularly with respect to the Canadian dollar. We use forward foreign exchange contracts, and other derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133, to offset the impact of the variability in exchange rates on our operations, cash flows, assets and liabilities. At December 31, 2004, we had open foreign exchange forward contracts of $24.8 million. Factors that could further impact the risks associated with changes in foreign exchange rates include the accuracy of our sales estimates, volatility of currency markets and the cost and availability of derivative instruments. For example, during 2004, we experienced an 8.2% adverse change in the Canadian dollar. This resulted in a $10.2 million adverse impact on our 2004 earnings before taxes. This quantification of exposure to the market risk does not take into account the $4.2 million offsetting impact of derivative instruments. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Foreign Currency Risk."

    We may not be able to continue to meet our customers' demands for our products and services.

        We must continue to meet our customers' demand for our products and services. However, we may not be successful in doing so. If our customers' demand for our products and/or services exceeds our ability to meet that demand, we may be unable to continue to provide our customers with the products and/or services they require to meet their business needs. Factors that could result in our inability to meet customer demands include an unforeseen spike in demand for our products and/or services, a failure by one or more of our suppliers to supply us with the raw materials and other resources that we need to operate our business effectively or poor management of our company or one or more divisions

19


or units of our company, among other factors. Our ability to provide our customers with products and services in a reliable and timely manner, in the quantity and quality desired and with a high level of customer service, may be severely diminished as a result. If this happens, we may lose some or all of our customers to one or more of our competitors, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        In addition, it is important that we continue to meet our customers' demands in the truck components industry for product innovation, improvement and enhancement, including the continued development of new-generation products, design improvements and innovations that improve the quality and efficiency of our products. Developing product innovations for the truck components industry has been and will continue to be a significant part of our strategy. However, such development will require us to continue to invest in research and development and sales and marketing. In the future, we may not have sufficient resources to make such necessary investments, or we may be unable to make the technological advances necessary to carry out product innovations sufficient to meet our customers' demands. We are also subject to the risks generally associated with product development, including lack of market acceptance, delays in product development and failure of products to operate properly. We may, as a result of these factors, be unable to meaningfully focus on product innovation as a strategy and may therefore be unable to meet our customers' demand for product innovation.

    Equipment failures, delays in deliveries or catastrophic loss at any of our facilities could lead to production or service curtailments or shutdowns.

        We manufacture our products at 17 facilities and provide logistical services at six just-in-time sequencing facilities in the United States. An interruption in production or service capabilities at any of these facilities as a result of equipment failure or other reasons could result in our inability to produce our products, which would reduce our net sales and earnings for the affected period. In the event of a stoppage in production at any of our facilities, even if only temporary, or if we experience delays as a result of events that are beyond our control, delivery times to our customers could be severely affected. Any significant delay in deliveries to our customers could lead to increased returns or cancellations and cause us to lose future sales. Our facilities are also subject to the risk of catastrophic loss due to unanticipated events such as fires, explosions or violent weather conditions. We may experience plant shutdowns or periods of reduced production as a result of equipment failure, delays in deliveries or catastrophic loss, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

    We may incur potential product liability, warranty and product recall costs.

        We are subject to the risk of exposure to product liability, warranty and product recall claims in the event any of our products results in property damage, personal injury or death, or does not conform to specifications. We may not be able to continue to maintain suitable and adequate insurance in excess of our self-insured amounts on acceptable terms that will provide adequate protection against potential liabilities. In addition, if any of our products proves to be defective, we may be required to participate in a recall involving such products. A successful claim brought against us in excess of available insurance coverage, if any, or a requirement to participate in any product recall, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

    Work stoppages or other labor issues at our facilities or at our customers' facilities could adversely affect our operations.

        On a pro forma basis, as of December 31, 2004, approximately 48% of our workforce was represented by unions. As a result, we are subject to the risk of work stoppages and other labor relations matters. Any prolonged work stoppage or strike at any one of our principal unionized facilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial

20


condition. In addition, certain of our facilities have separate agreements covering the workers at each such facility and, as a result, we have collective bargaining agreements with several different unions. These collective bargaining agreements expire at various times over the next few years, with no contract expiring before April 2005, with the exception of our union contract with our hourly employees at our Monterrey, Mexico facility, which is renewed on an annual basis. Negotiations to renew our union contract with the United Auto Workers covering hourly employees at our Rockford, Illinois facility, which expires in April 2005, began on March 30, 2005. Any failure by us to reach a new agreement upon expiration of such union contracts may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. In June 2004, certain employees at our Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility elected to be represented by United Auto Workers. The initial contract is currently under negotiation and we do not anticipate that the unionization of the employees at our Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility will have an adverse effect on our operating costs. See "Business—Employees and Labor Unions."

        In addition, if any of our customers experiences a material work stoppage, that customer may halt or limit the purchase of our products. This could cause us to shut down production facilities relating to these products, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

    We are subject to a number of environmental rules and regulations that may require us to make substantial expenditures.

        Our operations, facilities and properties are subject to extensive and evolving laws and regulations pertaining to air emissions, wastewater discharges, the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous materials and wastes, the investigation and remediation of contamination, and otherwise relating to health, safety and the protection of the environment and natural resources. As a result, we are involved from time to time in administrative or legal proceedings relating to environmental, health and safety matters, and have in the past incurred and will continue to incur capital costs and other expenditures relating to such matters. In addition to environmental laws that regulate our subsidiaries' ongoing operations, our subsidiaries are also subject to environmental remediation liability. Under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, or CERCLA, and analogous state laws, our subsidiaries may be liable as a result of the release or threatened release of hazardous materials into the environment. Our subsidiaries are currently involved in several matters relating to the investigation and/or remediation of locations where they have arranged for the disposal of foundry and other wastes. Such matters include situations in which we have been named or are believed to be Potentially Responsible Parties under CERCLA or state laws in connection with the contamination of these sites. Additionally, environmental remediation may be required to address soil and groundwater contamination identified at certain facilities.

        As of December 31, 2004, we had an environmental reserve of approximately $2.8 million, related primarily to our foundry operations. This reserve is based on current cost estimates and does not reduce estimated expenditures to net present value, but does take into account the benefit of a contractual indemnity given to us by a prior owner of our wheel-end subsidiary. We cannot assure you, however, that the indemnitor will fulfill its obligations, and the failure to do so could result in future costs that may be material. Any cash expenditures required by us or our subsidiaries to comply with applicable environmental laws and/or to pay for any remediation efforts will not be reduced or otherwise affected by the existence of the environmental reserve. Our environmental reserve may not be adequate to cover our future costs related to the sites associated with the environmental reserve, and any additional costs may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. The discovery of additional sites, the modification of existing or the promulgation of new laws or regulations, more vigorous enforcement by regulators, the imposition of joint and several liability under CERCLA or analogous state laws, or other unanticipated events could also result in such a material adverse effect.

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        As part of an initiative regarding compliance in the foundry industry, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or the EPA, conducted an environmental multimedia inspection at Gunite's Rockford, Illinois plant in September and October 2003. Gunite received an administrative complaint from the EPA in January 2005 regarding alleged violations of certain registration and record maintenance regulations, with a proposed penalty in the amount of approximately $138,600. Gunite is reviewing the complaint and has not yet responded.

        The final Iron and Steel Foundry National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants, or NESHAP, was developed pursuant to Section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act and requires all major sources of hazardous air pollutants to install controls representative of maximum achievable control technology. We are evaluating the applicability of the Iron and Steel Foundry NESHAP to our foundry operations. If applicable, compliance with the Iron and Steel Foundry NESHAP may result in future significant capital costs, which we currently expect to be approximately $5 million in total during the period 2005 through 2007. See "Business—Environmental Matters."

    We might fail to adequately protect our intellectual property, or third parties might assert that our technologies infringe on their intellectual property.

        The protection of our intellectual property is important to our business. We rely on a combination of trademarks, copyrights, patents and trade secrets to provide protection in this regard, but this protection might be inadequate. For example, our pending or future trademark, copyright and patent applications might not be approved or, if allowed, they might not be of sufficient strength or scope. Conversely, third parties might assert that our technologies or other intellectual property infringe on their proprietary rights. Although we have not had litigation with respect to such matters in the past, litigation, which could result in substantial costs and diversion of our efforts, might be necessary, and whether or not we are ultimately successful, the litigation could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition. See "Business—Intellectual Property."

    Litigation against us could be costly and time consuming to defend.

        We are regularly subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business, such as workers' compensation claims, OSHA investigations, employment disputes, unfair labor practice charges, customer and supplier disputes and product liability claims arising out of the conduct of our business. Litigation may result in substantial costs and may divert management's attention and resources, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

    If we fail to retain our executive officers, our business could be harmed.

        Our success largely depends on the efforts and abilities of our executive officers, who have collectively been employees of either Accuride or TTI for over 50 years. Their skills, experience and industry contacts significantly benefit us. The loss of any one of them, in particular Mr. Keating, who joined Accuride in December 1996, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. While certain of our executive officers are parties to severance or employment agreements, only Messrs. Weller and Cirar have employment commitments for one year terms. All of our other employees are at will. Our future success will also depend in part upon our continuing ability to attract and retain highly qualified personnel.

    Although we do not presently anticipate terminating any senior management employees, certain senior management employees have entered into potentially costly severance arrangements with us.

        Certain of our senior management employees have entered into potentially costly severance arrangements with us. For example, in connection with the TTI merger, we entered into employment

22


agreements with Messrs. Weller, Cirar and Mueller. Mr. Weller's employment agreement provides, among other things, that in the event of the termination of Mr. Weller's employment "without cause" or for "good reason" (as defined therein) at any time prior to August 2, 2007, then Mr. Weller would receive, in addition to certain other benefits, a lump sum payment equal to two times his base salary and the greater of his target bonus under the Accuride annual incentive compensation plan, his target bonus in 2004 from TTI or the average bonus he received for each of 2002, 2003 and 2004 from TTI. Based on his current base salary and his 2004 target TTI bonus, this severance amount would be approximately $1,815,000. Mr. Cirar's employment agreement provides, among other things, that in the event of the termination of Mr. Cirar's employment "without cause" or for "good reason" (as defined therein) at any time prior to August 2, 2007, then Mr. Cirar would receive, in addition to certain other benefits, a lump sum cash payment equal to $1,772,000. Mr. Mueller's employment agreement provides, among other things, that in the event of termination of Mr. Mueller's employment "without Cause" (as defined therein) or Mr. Mueller terminating his employment for any reason on or after April 30, 2005, then Mr. Mueller would receive, in addition to certain other benefits, a lump sum payment of up to $825,000. Additionally, the employment agreements of Messrs. Weller, Cirar and Mueller contain three year post-employment non-compete and non-solicitation provisions of either customers or employees for which Mr. Weller will receive a lump sum payment equal to his base salary and target bonus for the year of his termination and for which Messrs. Cirar and Mueller will receive cash payments of $886,000 and $530,000, respectively. See "Management—Employment Agreements."

        Severance agreements with certain other senior management employees provide that in the event of any such employee's termination "without cause" or for "good reason" (as defined therein) we will pay such employee one year's base salary. As of December 31, 2004, in the event we terminated Mr. Keating, Mr. Murphy, Mr. Armstrong, Ms. Hamme or Mr. Taylor, we would have to make cash payments of $365,137, $296,480, $209,885, $187,355 and $177,850, respectively. See "Management—Severance Agreements."

        In addition, we have entered into change in control agreements with certain senior management employees, including, Mr. Keating, Mr. Murphy, Mr. Armstrong, Ms. Hamme and Mr. Taylor that provide for significant severance payments in the event such employee's employment with us is terminated within 18 months of a change in control or partial change in control (each as defined in the agreement) either by the employee for good reason or by us for any reason other than cause, disability, normal retirement or death. A change in control under these agreements includes any transaction or series of related transactions as a result of which at least a majority of our voting power is not held, directly or indirectly, by the persons or entities who held our securities with voting power before such transactions and KKR has liquidated at least 50% of its equity investment valued at such time for cash consideration. This offering may constitute a change in control under these agreements depending upon the number of shares KKR sells in the offering. These agreements would make it costly for us to terminate certain of our senior management employees and such costs may also discourage potential acquisition proposals, which may negatively affect our stock price. See "Management—Severance Agreements."

    Our products may be rendered obsolete or less attractive by changes in regulatory, legislative or industry requirements.

        Changes in regulatory, legislative or industry requirements may render certain of our products obsolete or less attractive. Our ability to anticipate changes in these requirements, especially changes in regulatory standards, will be a significant factor in our ability to remain competitive. We cannot assure you that we will be able to comply in the future with new regulatory, legislative and/or industrial standards that may be necessary for us to remain competitive or that certain of our products will not, as a result, become obsolete or less attractive to our customers.

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    The reliability of market and industry data included in this prospectus may be uncertain.

        This prospectus contains market and industry data, primarily from reports published by ACT, ATA and from internal company surveys, studies and research, related to the truck components industry and its segments, as well as the truck industry in general. This data includes estimates and forecasts regarding future growth in these industries, specifically data related to heavy- and medium-duty truck production, truck freight growth and the historical average age of active U.S. heavy-duty trucks. Such data has been published in industry publications that typically indicate that they have derived the data from sources believed to be reasonable, but do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the data. We have not independently verified the data or any of the assumptions on which any estimates or forecasts are based. Similarly, internal company surveys, studies and research, which while we believe to be reliable, have not been verified by any independent sources. The failure of the truck industry and/or the truck components industry to continue to grow as forecasted may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

Other Risks Related to Our Business

    Our substantial leverage and significant debt service obligations could adversely affect our financial condition or our ability to fulfill our obligations and make it more difficult for us to fund our operations.

        As of December 31, 2004, our pro forma as adjusted indebtedness was $763.0 million. Our substantial level of indebtedness could have important negative consequences to you and us, including:

    we may have difficulty satisfying our obligations with respect to our indebtedness;

    we may have difficulty obtaining financing in the future for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other purposes;

    we will need to use a substantial portion of our available cash flow to pay interest and principal on our debt, which will reduce the amount of money available to finance our operations and other business activities;

    our debt level increases our vulnerability to general economic downturns and adverse industry conditions;

    our debt level could limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and in our industry in general;

    our leverage could place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt;

    we may not have sufficient funds available, and our debt level may restrict us from raising the funds necessary, to repurchase all of our new senior subordinated notes tendered to us upon the occurrence of a change of control, which would constitute an event of default under the new senior subordinated notes; and

    our failure to comply with the financial and other restrictive covenants in our debt instruments which, among other things, require us to maintain specified financial ratios and limit our ability to incur debt and sell assets, could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, could have a material adverse effect on our business or prospects.

        You should also be aware that certain of our borrowings are and will continue to be at variable rates of interest, which exposes us to the risk of increasing interest rates. As of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, the carrying value of our total debt would have been $763.0 million, of which $488.0 million, or approximately 64%, would have been subject to variable interest rates. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on our variable rate indebtedness would increase

24


even though the amount borrowed remains the same. See "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride."

    Despite our substantial leverage, we and our subsidiaries will be able to incur more indebtedness. This could further exacerbate the risks described above, including our ability to service our indebtedness.

        We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future. Although our new senior credit facilities and the indenture governing our new senior subordinated notes contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, such restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and under certain circumstances indebtedness incurred in compliance with such restrictions could be substantial. For example, we may incur additional debt to, among other things, finance future acquisitions, expand through internal growth, fund our working capital needs, comply with regulatory requirements, respond to competition or for general financial reasons alone. As of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, the revolving credit facility under our new senior credit facilities would have provided for additional borrowings of up to $95 million under our U.S. revolving credit facility and $5 million under our Canadian revolving credit facility. To the extent new debt is added to our and our subsidiaries' current debt levels, the risks described above would increase.

    To service our indebtedness, we will require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control.

        Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness and to fund planned capital expenditures and research and development efforts will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.

        We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, that currently anticipated cost savings and operating improvements will be realized on schedule or that future borrowings will be available to us under our new credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell material assets or operations, obtain additional equity capital or refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness. In the absence of such operating results and resources, we could face substantial cash flow problems and might be required to sell material assets or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations. We cannot assure you as to the timing of such asset sales or the proceeds which we could realize from such sales and we cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness, including our new senior credit facilities and new senior subordinated notes, on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

    We are subject to a number of restrictive covenants which, if breached, may restrict our business and financing activities.

        Our new senior credit facilities and the indenture governing our new senior subordinated notes impose, and the terms of any future indebtedness may impose, operating and other restrictions on us. Such restrictions will affect, and in many respects limit or prohibit, among other things, our ability to:

    incur additional debt;

    pay dividends and make distributions;

    issue stock of subsidiaries;

    make certain investments;

25


    repurchase stock;

    create liens;

    enter into affiliate transactions;

    enter into sale-leaseback transactions;

    merge or consolidate; and

    transfer and sell assets.

        In addition, our new senior credit facilities include other more restrictive covenants and prohibit us from prepaying our other indebtedness, including our new senior subordinated notes, while borrowings under our new senior credit facilities are outstanding. Our new senior credit facilities also require us to achieve certain financial and operating results and maintain compliance with specified financial ratios. Our ability to comply with these ratios may be affected by events beyond our control.

        If we are unable to comply with the restrictions contained in the credit facilities, the lenders could:

    declare all borrowings outstanding, together with accrued and unpaid interest, to be immediately due and payable;

    require us to apply all of our available cash to repay the borrowings; or

    prevent us from making debt service payments on the senior subordinated notes;

any of which would result in an event of default under our new senior subordinated notes. If we were unable to repay or otherwise refinance these borrowings when due, our lenders could sell the collateral securing our new senior credit facilities, which constitutes substantially all of our and our subsidiaries' assets. Although holders of the senior subordinated notes could accelerate the notes upon the acceleration of the obligations under our credit facilities, we cannot assure you that sufficient assets will remain after we have paid all the borrowings under our new senior credit facilities and any other senior debt to repay the senior subordinated notes.

Risks Related to the Offering and Our Common Stock

    Future sales of our common stock may depress our stock price.

        The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market after the offering, or the perception that these sales could occur. In addition, these factors could make it more difficult for us to raise funds through future equity offerings.

        Assuming the issuance of a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005, there will be 29,482,009 shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after the offering. All of the 13,900,000 shares of our common stock sold in the offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except for shares purchased by our "affiliates" as defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. After the offering, approximately 15,582,009 shares of common stock will be either "restricted securities" or affiliate securities as defined in Rule 144. Subject to the 180-day lock-up agreements with the underwriters, these restricted securities may be sold in the future without registration under the Securities Act to the extent permitted under Rule 144. Approximately 14,479,557 outstanding shares of these restricted or affiliate securities will be eligible for sale under Rule 144 subject to applicable holding period, volume limitations, manner of sale and notice requirements set forth in applicable SEC rules, and approximately 1,102,452 shares of the

26



restricted securities will be saleable without regard to these restrictions under Rule 144(k). See "Shares Eligible for Future Sale—Sales of Restricted Shares."

        We and our executive officers and directors and substantially all of our stockholders have entered into 180-day lock-up agreements with the underwriters. The lock-up agreements prohibit each of us from selling or otherwise disposing of shares of common stock except in limited circumstances. The lock-up agreements are contractual agreements, and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and UBS Securities LLC, at their discretion, can waive the restrictions of any lock-up agreement at an earlier time without prior notice or announcement and allow any of us to sell shares of common stock. If the restrictions in the lock-up agreements are waived, shares of our common stock will be available for sale into the public market, subject to applicable securities laws, which could reduce the market price for shares of our common stock. See "Shares Eligible for Future Sale—Lock-Up Agreements."

        We have also entered into an amended registration rights agreement in connection with the TTI merger providing for customary demand and piggyback registration rights to certain of our principal stockholders. Such agreement provides certain affiliates of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P., or KKR, and certain affiliates of Trimaran Capital Partners, or Trimaran, with the right to cause us to register the sale of their shares of our common stock in the future. See "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement." In addition, shares of our common stock are reserved for future issuance upon the exercise of stock options. We may also issue our common stock in connection with investments or repayment of our debt. The amount of such common stock issued could constitute a material portion of our then-outstanding common stock. We cannot predict the size of future issuances of our common stock or the effect, if any, that future sales and issuances of shares of our common stock would have on the market price of our common stock.

    You will experience immediate and substantial dilution as a result of the offering.

        You will pay a price per share that substantially exceeds the per share value of our tangible assets after subtracting our total liabilities. As of December 31, 2004, after giving effect to the 591-for-one split of our common stock, our pro forma net tangible book value was a deficit of $32.33 per share of common stock. After giving effect to the issuance and sale of 5,560,000 shares of our common stock in the offering, less underwriting discounts, offering-related expenses and other expenses and the completion of the transactions outlined in "Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Data," including the application of the net proceeds in accordance with "Use of Proceeds," our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2004 would have been a deficit of $13.86 per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $18.47 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $31.86 per share to new investors purchasing shares of our common stock in the offering. See "Dilution."

    Possible volatility in our stock price could negatively affect us and our stockholders.

        The trading price of our common stock may be volatile in response to a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, including actual or anticipated variations in quarterly financial results, changes in financial estimates by securities analysts and announcements by our competitors of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments. In addition, our financial results may be below the expectations of securities analysts and investors. If this were to occur, the market price of our common stock could decrease, perhaps significantly.

        In addition, the U.S. securities markets have experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. These fluctuations often have been unrelated to the operating performance of companies in these markets. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price

27



of an individual company's securities, securities class action litigation often has been instituted against that company. The institution of similar litigation against us could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management's attention and resources, which could negatively affect our business, results of operations or financial condition.

    Our common stock may not trade actively, which may cause our common stock to trade at a discount and make it difficult for you to sell your stock.

        This is our initial public offering, which means that our common stock currently does not trade in any market. Upon the consummation of the offering, our common stock may not trade actively. In addition, our common stock may have limited trading volume, and many investors may not be interested in owning our common stock because of the inability to acquire or sell a substantial block of our common stock at one time. This illiquidity could have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock. An illiquid market for our common stock may result in price volatility and poor execution of buy and sell orders for investors. The initial public offering price for shares of our common stock is or will be determined by negotiations between us, the selling stockholders and the underwriters and may bear no relationship to the price at which the common stock will trade after the offering.

    Our ability to pay dividends on our common stock will be limited.

        Under Delaware law, we may pay dividends, in cash or otherwise, only if we have surplus in an amount at least equal to the amount of the relevant dividend payment. Any payment of cash dividends will depend upon our financial condition, capital requirements, earnings and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors. Further, our new senior credit facilities and the indenture governing our new senior subordinated notes will restrict our ability to pay cash dividends. Agreements governing future indebtedness will likely contain similar restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends. We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future. See "Dividend Policy."

    Our principal stockholders, executive officers and directors own a large percentage of our common stock and will be able to control substantially all corporate decisions.

        Immediately after the offering and excluding a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares issuable upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005, our principal stockholders will beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately 47.8% of our outstanding common stock, including 29.0% and 13.0% of our outstanding common stock beneficially owned by KKR and entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. respectively, and our executive officers and directors will beneficially own, in the aggregate, approximately 45.4% of our outstanding common stock. Our principal stockholders, executive officers and directors will together beneficially own approximately 51.2% of our outstanding common stock (taking into account that some shares are considered beneficially owned by both principal stockholders and executive officers). In addition, immediately after the offering, KKR and entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. each have the right to appoint four and three members of our board of directors, respectively. As a result, our principal stockholders, executive officers and directors, as a group, will be able to influence or control substantially all matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including, without limitation, the election of directors and mergers, consolidations and sales of all or substantially all of our assets, and they may do so in a manner with which you may not agree or which may be adverse to your interests. For example, they could (1) cause our company to enter into transactions with their affiliates that are adverse to our interests or (2) cause us to redeem or make payments on securities owned by them. In addition, this concentration of ownership may have the effect of preventing, discouraging or deferring a change of control, which could depress the market price of our common

28


stock. See "Principal Stockholders and Selling Stockholders," "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions" and "Description of Capital Stock—Common Stock."

    Provisions of our charter documents and the General Corporation Law of Delaware may inhibit a takeover, which could negatively affect our stock price.

        Provisions of our charter documents and the General Corporation Law of Delaware, the state in which we are organized, could discourage potential acquisition proposals or make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of our company, even if doing so might be beneficial to our stockholders. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide for various procedural and other requirements that could make it more difficult for stockholders to effect certain corporate actions. For example, our certificate of incorporation authorizes our board of directors to determine the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of unissued series of preferred stock without any vote or action by our stockholders. Our board of directors can therefore authorize and issue shares of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting or other rights of holders of our common stock. Additional provisions that could make it more difficult for stockholders to effect certain corporate actions include:

    the sole power of a majority of the board of directors to fix the number of directors and to fill any vacancy on the board of directors;

    limitations on the removal of directors; and

    the inability of stockholders to act by written consent or to call special meetings.

        See "Description of Capital Stock." These provisions may make it more difficult or expensive for a third party to acquire a majority of our outstanding voting stock or may delay, prevent or deter a merger, acquisition, tender offer or proxy contest, which may negatively affect our stock price.

    We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company.

        Although Accuride has had publicly traded debt securities outstanding for approximately six years and has been a voluntary reporting company during that time, as a company with publicly traded equity securities, we expect to incur additional legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as related rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange, have required changes in corporate governance practices of public companies. We expect these rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly. For example, as a result of this offering, we will create additional board committees and will adopt additional policies regarding internal controls, disclosure controls and procedures. In addition, we will incur additional costs associated with our public company reporting requirements. We also expect these rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance and we may be required to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. As a result, it may be more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers. Despite the fact that TTI had publicly traded equity securities until it was acquired in a going-private transaction in March 2000 and despite Accuride's experience as a voluntary reporting company, we cannot predict or estimate the amount of additional costs we will incur or the timing of such costs.

29



SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        We make "forward-looking statements" in the "Prospectus Summary," "Risk Factors," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," "Industry" and "Business" sections and elsewhere throughout this prospectus. Whenever you read a statement that is not simply a statement of historical fact (such as when we describe what we "believe," "expect" or "anticipate" will occur, and other similar statements), you must remember that our expectations may not be correct, even though we believe that they are reasonable. We do not guarantee that the transactions and events described in this prospectus will happen as described or that they will happen at all. You should read this prospectus completely and with the understanding that actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation, beyond that required by law, to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made, even though our situation will change in the future.

        Whether actual results will conform with our expectations and predictions is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, and reflect future business decisions that are subject to change. Some of the assumptions, future results and levels of performance expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements we make inevitably will not materialize, and unanticipated events may occur which will affect our results. The "Risk Factors" section of this prospectus describes the principal contingencies and uncertainties to which we believe we are subject.

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TTI MERGER

        On December 24, 2004, Accuride, Amber Acquisition Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Accuride, TTI, the persons listed on Annex I to the merger agreement, whom we refer to as the signing stockholders, and Andrew Weller, Jay Bloom and Mark Dalton, as the TTI Stockholder Representatives, entered into an agreement and plan of merger, which was amended on January 28, 2005. We refer to the agreement and plan of merger, as amended, as the merger agreement. Pursuant to the merger agreement, on January 31, 2005, Accuride acquired TTI through the merger of Amber Acquisition Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Accuride, with and into TTI, with TTI continuing as the surviving corporation, which we refer to as the TTI merger.

        At the effective time of and as a result of the TTI merger, (1) each share of TTI common stock, TTI Series D Preferred Stock and TTI Series E Preferred Stock was converted into the right to receive the number of shares of our common stock equal to the applicable exchange ratio specified in the merger agreement, (2) each share of TTI Series A Preferred Stock and TTI Series C Preferred Stock was converted into the right to receive the number of shares of our common stock equal to the applicable exchange ratio specified in the merger agreement and the right to receive a certain number of additional shares of our common stock contingent upon the occurrence of certain events, (3) all shares of common stock and preferred stock held in the treasury of TTI, or any of its subsidiaries, were cancelled and retired, (4) each outstanding option to purchase TTI common stock was terminated and (5) each outstanding warrant to purchase TTI common stock was terminated. Certain holders of TTI's common stock and preferred stock received cash from TTI in exchange for their interests in TTI prior to the closing. The number of shares of common stock issued by us to holders of preferred and common stock of TTI in connection with the TTI merger was 7,964,496. In addition, up to a maximum of 1,142,495 shares of common stock will become issuable to former holders of TTI Series A Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock upon the closing of this offering, with the specific number of issuable shares determined as set forth in the merger agreement and described below. We refer to the additional shares as contingent shares.

        Assuming completion of this offering at an initial public offering price greater than $16.40 per share, the contingent shares will be issuable based on achievement of the following performance milestones by TTI:

    If TTI has achieved at least $15.6 million in EBITDA for the first quarter of 2005, all 1,142,495 contingent shares will be issuable to former TTI stockholders.

    If TTI has not achieved at least $15.6 million in EBITDA for the first quarter of 2005, then the contingent shares will be issuable as follows:

            1)    approximately one-third (1/3rd) of the contingent shares will be issuable if TTI achieves EBITDA of at least $4,519,000 for the month ended January 31, 2005;

            2)    approximately one-sixth (1/6th) of the contingent shares will be issuable if TTI achieves EBITDA of at least $4,219,000, but less than $4,519,000 for the month ended January 31, 2005;

            3)    approximately one-third (1/3rd) of the contingent shares will be issuable if TTI achieves EBITDA of at least $4,712,000 for the month ended February 28, 2005;

            4)    approximately one-sixth (1/6th) of the contingent shares will be issuable if TTI achieves EBITDA of at least $4,412,000 but less than $4,712,000 for the month ended February 28, 2005;

            5)    approximately one-third (1/3rd) of the contingent shares will be issuable if TTI achieves EBITDA of at least $6,069,000 for the month ended March 31, 2005; and

            6)    approximately one-sixth (1/6th) of the contingent shares will be issuable if TTI achieves EBITDA of at least $5,769,000 but less than $6,069,000 for the month ended March 31, 2005.

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      In addition, while no contingent shares will be issuable with respect to any month described above if the lowest EBITDA target is not satisfied, at least 558,108 of the contingent shares will be issuable to TTI stockholders following this offering in the event that the initial public offering price per share is greater than $16.92 per share and the aggregate gross proceeds received by the selling stockholders in this offering are at least $220 million. If the initial public offering price is less than $16.40, but some or all of the EBITDA targets described above are satisfied, then the number of contingent shares to be issued to TTI stockholders will be reduced as described in the merger agreement. Regardless of whether TTI satisfies any of the EBITDA targets described above, no contingent shares will be issuable if the public offering price is less than $13.39. Specific share amounts will be determined based on the matrix set forth in exhibit N to the amendment to the merger agreement.

      As of March 31, 2005, TTI's full EBITDA target for January 2005 had been achieved, which would result in the issuance of at least one-third (1/3rd) of the contingent shares to TTI stockholders on the terms described above, and the performance results for each of Febuary and March 2005 had not been determined.

        On February 1, 2005, our board of directors was increased from four to seven members, consisting of the four former Accuride directors, Messrs. Fisher, Greene, Goltz and Keating, and three former directors of TTI, Messrs. Bloom, Dalton and Weller. On March 3, 2005, our board of directors was increased from seven to eight members and James C. Momtazee was appointed as the eighth director. Our board of directors has subsequently been increased to ten members with the addition of Charles E. Mitchell Rentschler and Donald C. Roof. Mr. Keating serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of the combined company and Mr. Murphy continues to serve as our Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Weller, former President and Chief Executive Officer of TTI, now serves as Executive Vice President of Accuride in charge of Components Operations and Integration. In addition, Mr. Cirar, who was formerly an executive officer of TTI, serves as our Senior Vice President/Gunite and Brillion Operations.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

        We estimate that the net proceeds to us from this offering will be approximately $90.1 million based on an assumed initial public offering price of $18.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders.

        We plan to use our net proceeds from this offering as follows:

    approximately $90.1 million will be used to repay a portion of the Term Loan B facility under our new senior credit facilities. The repayment of $90.1 million of the Term Loan B facility will not be subject to a prepayment penalty. Interest on our Term Loan B facility currently accrues at an interest rate of 4.65% per annum and the loan will mature on January 31, 2012; and

    the remainder, if any, for capital expenditures, working capital and other general corporate purposes, which may include strategic acquisitions.


DIVIDEND POLICY

        We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. For the foreseeable future, we intend to retain any earnings and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock. In addition, our new senior credit facilities and the indenture governing our senior subordinated notes restrict our ability to pay dividends. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources." Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will be dependent upon then existing conditions, including our financial condition and results of operations, capital requirements, contractual restrictions, business prospects and other factors that our board of directors considers relevant. Furthermore, as a holding company, we depend on the cash flow of our subsidiaries.

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CAPITALIZATION

        The following table sets forth our cash position and capitalization as of December 31, 2004, on (1) an actual basis, (2) a pro forma basis after giving effect to the Transactions and (3) a pro forma basis as further adjusted to give effect to:

    the 591-for-one split of our common stock that will occur immediately prior to the consummation of the offering; and

    the sale of 5,560,000 shares of common stock being offered by us hereby at an assumed initial public offering price of $18.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, after deducting underwriting discounts, estimated offering expenses and other expenses.

        This table should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes to the financial statements appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. See "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

 
  As of December 31, 2004
 
 
  Actual
  Pro Forma for the
Transactions

  Pro Forma as
Adjusted

 
      (unaudited)
(dollars in thousands)
 
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 71,843   $ 47,798   $ 47,798  
   
 
 
 
Long-term debt (including current portion):                    
  Revolving credit facilities(a)   $ 25,000   $ 25,000   $ 25,000  
  Term credit facility     274,100     550,000     459,925  
  Senior subordinated notes     189,580     275,000     275,000  
  Other debt     0     3,100     3,100  
   
 
 
 
    Total long-term debt (including current portion)   $ 488,680   $ 853,100   $ 763,025  
   
 
 
 
Stockholders' equity (deficiency)                    
  Preferred stock (par value)     0     0     0  
  Common stock (par value) and additional paid-in-capital   $ 52,086   $ 144,086   $ 234,161  
  Treasury stock     (735 )   (735 )   (735 )
  Accumulated deficit     (83,810 )   (105,119 )   (105,497 )
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss     (12,113 )   (12,113 )   (12,113 )
   
 
 
 
    Total stockholders' equity (deficiency)   $ (44,572 ) $ 26,119   $ 115,816  
   
 
 
 
    Total capitalization   $ 444,108   $ 879,219   $ 878,841  
   
 
 
 

(a)
Our new senior credit facilities provide for borrowings of up to $95.0 million under our U.S. revolving credit facility and $30.0 million under our Canadian revolving credit facility. As of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, we would have had revolving loans outstanding of $25.0 million.

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DILUTION

        If you invest in our common stock, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our common stock and the pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock after the offering.

        Calculations relating to shares of common stock in the following discussion and tables assume that the following have occurred as of December 31, 2004:

    the 591-for-one split of our common stock that will occur immediately prior to the consummation of the offering; and

    the Transactions.

        Our pro forma net tangible book value as of December 31, 2004 was a deficit of approximately $492.2 million, or negative $32.33 per share of common stock. Net tangible book value per share represents total tangible assets (total assets less goodwill and other intangible assets) less total liabilities, divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding. After giving effect to the issuance and sale of 5,560,000 shares of our common stock in this offering, less underwriting discounts, offering-related expenses and other expenses, including the application of the net proceeds in accordance with "Use of Proceeds," our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of December 31, 2004 would have been a deficit of approximately $402.5 million, or negative $13.86 per share of common stock. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $18.47 per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $31.86 per share to new investors purchasing shares of our common stock in the offering. The foregoing excludes up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of common stock issuable upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005, from the calculation of pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share.

        The following table illustrates this dilution:

Assumed initial public offering price per share   $ 18.00  
   
 
Pro forma net tangible deficit per share as of December 31, 2004     (32.33 )
Increase per share     18.47  
   
 
Pro forma as adjusted net tangible deficit per share     (13.86 )
   
 
  Dilution per share to new investors   $ 31.86  
   
 

        The following table summarizes, as of December 31, 2004, on a pro forma as adjusted basis, the total number of shares of common stock acquired from our company for cash during the past five years by existing stockholders, and the total consideration received by us and the average price per share

35



paid by them and by new investors purchasing shares of common stock in the offering, before deducting the underwriting discounts and estimated offering expenses that we will pay:

 
  Shares purchased
  Total consideration
   
 
  Average
price per
share

 
  Number
  Percent
  Amount
  Percent
Existing stockholders purchasing shares in the past five years(1)   3,901   0.0 % $ 21,300   0.0 % $ 5.46
New investors   13,900,000   100.0 %   250,200,000   100.0 %   18.00
   
 
 
 
     
  Total   13,903,901   100.0 % $ 250,221,300   100.0 % $ 18.00
   
 
 
 
     

(1)
Reflects an average per share price of $5.41 for the 23,765,185 (which includes up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares issuable upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005) shares of our common stock which will be outstanding after giving effect to the 591-for-one split.

        If the underwriters exercise their overallotment option in full, the number of shares held by new investors will be increased by 2,085,000, or approximately 6.61% of the total number of outstanding shares of our common stock.

        The foregoing excludes 1,267,520 shares issuable upon exercise of currently outstanding options under the Accuride Corporation 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan, which we refer to as the 1998 Plan, that will not be exercised by selling stockholders immediately prior to the consummation of the offering and 829,265 shares issuable upon the exercise of new options to be issued concurrently with consummation of the offering under our new Accuride Corporation 2005 Incentive Award Plan, which options we anticipate will have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. We anticipate that the exercise price will be $18.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The 1,424,344 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options outstanding under our 1998 Plan have a weighted average exercise price of $4.53 per share.

36



PRO FORMA AS ADJUSTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Statements

        The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements have been derived from the application of pro forma adjustments to the historical consolidated financial statements of Accuride and TTI and should be read in conjunction with those consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and other financial data appearing elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that would have actually occurred if the Transactions and the offering had been in effect on the dates indicated below or that may occur in the future.

        The accompanying unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet of the combined companies at December 31, 2004 and the related unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2004 give effect on a pro forma as adjusted basis to the Transactions, as described on page 7 of this prospectus, and the offering as described on page 8.

        The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2004 have been prepared to reflect the Transactions and the offering as if they were consummated on January 1, 2004. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet reflects the Transactions and the offering as if they were consummated on December 31, 2004. The unaudited pro forma adjustments and preliminary allocation of purchase price are based upon valuations and other studies that have not yet been completed. Accordingly, the actual allocation of purchase price and the resulting effect on income from operations may differ significantly from the pro forma amounts included herein. The unaudited pro forma as adjusted financial information is presented for informational purposes only.

37



Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Balance Sheet
As of December 31, 2004

 
  Accuride
Historical

  TTI
Historical

  Adjustments
Acquisition

  Notes
  Adjustments
Financing

  Notes
  Adjustments
Offering

  Notes
  Pro Forma
as Adjusted

 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
CURRENT ASSETS:                                                  
  Cash and cash equivalents   $ 71,843   $ 1,150   $ (14,500 ) a(i)   $ (10,695 ) b(i)   $
90,075
(90,075

)
c(i)   $ 47,798  
  Customer receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts     55,067     72,948                                   128,015  
  Other receivables     4,008                                       4,008  
  Inventories, net     47,343     54,458     5,473
2,050
  a(ii)
a(iii)
                        109,324  
  Supplies     13,027                                       13,027  
  Deferred income taxes     3,671     7,398                                   11,069  
  Prepaid expenses and other current assets     4,849     6,762                                   11,611  
   
 
 
     
               
 
    Total current assets     199,808     142,716     (6,977 )       (10,695 )                 324,852  
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET     205,369     84,467     22,868   a(iv)                         312,704  
OTHER ASSETS:                                                  
  Goodwill     123,197     199,079     (199,079
252,558
)
a(v)
a(vi)
                        375,755  
  Investment in affiliates     3,752     0                                   3,752  
  Deferred financing costs     3,805     8,890     (8,890 ) a(vii)     (3,049
9,708
)
b(ii)
b(ii)
    (378 ) c(ii)     10,086  
  Deferred income taxes     16,900     0     (16,900 )                           0  
  Pension benefit plan asset     30,924     0                                   30,924  
  Intangible assets     0     41,695     (41,695
142,590
)
a(ix)
a(x)
                        142,590  
  Other     88     0                                   88  
   
 
 
     
               
 
TOTAL   $ 583,843   $ 476,847   $ 144,475       $ (4,036 )               $ 1,200,751  
   
 
 
     
               
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY)                                                  
CURRENT LIABILITIES:                                                  
  Accounts payable   $ 54,952   $ 67,198   $         $                   $ 122,150  
  Current portion of long-term debt     1,900     322,138     7,000   a(xii)     (324,038
5,500
(7,000
)

)
b(i)
b(i)
b(i)
              5,500  
  Accrued payroll and compensation     12,848     11,764     2,021   a(xi)                         26,633  
  Accrued interest payable     8,142     6,767               (14,909 ) b(i)                  
  Income taxes payable     7,790                                         7,790  
  Accrued and other liabilities     6,489     26,007     190   a(xviii)                         32,686  
   
 
 
     
               
 
    Total current liabilities     92,121     433,874     9,211         (340,447 )                 194,759  
LONG-TERM DEBT, less current portion     486,780     3,100               844,500
(487,100
320

)
b(i)
b(i)
b(iii)
  $ (90,075 ) c(i)     757,525  
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLAN LIABILITY     22,987     15,230     28,879   a(xiii)                         67,096  
PENSION BENEFIT PLAN LIABILITY     25,836     11,973                                   37,809  
DEFERRED INCOME TAX LIABILITY           7,628     32,620
(16,900

)
a(xv)                         23,348  
OTHER LIABILITIES     691     3,042     665   a(xviii)                         4,398  
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY):                                                  
  Preferred stock           2     (2 ) a(xvi)                         0  
  Common stock and additional paid in capital     52,086     217,044     (217,044
92,000
)
a(xvi)
a(xvii)
              90,075   c(i)     234,161  
  Treasury stock     (735 )   0                                   (735 )
  Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)     (12,113 )   (15,589 )   15,589   a(xvi)                         (12,113 )
  Retained earnings (deficit)     (83,810 )   (199,457 )   199,457   a(xvi)     (21,309 ) b(iv)     (378 ) c(ii)     (105,497 )
   
 
 
     
               
 
    Total stockholders' equity (deficiency)     (44,572 )   2,000     90,000         (21,309 )                 115,816  
   
 
 
     
               
 
TOTAL   $ 583,843   $ 476,847   $ 144,475       $ (4,036 )               $ 1,200,751  
   
 
 
     
               
 

See Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Statements

38



Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Statement of Income
Year Ended December 31, 2004

 
  Accuride
Historical

  TTI
Historical

  Adjustments
Acquisitions

  Notes
  Adjustments
Financing

  Notes
  Adjustments
Offering

  Notes
  Pro Forma
as Adjusted

 
 
  (dollars in thousands, except per share data)

   
   
 
NET SALES   $ 494,008   $ 588,340   $         $                 $ 1,082,348  
COST OF GOODS SOLD     390,893     512,624     1,283
2,050
(3,840


)
d(i)
d(ii)
d(iii)
                      903,010  
   
 
 
     
             
 
GROSS PROFIT     103,115     75,716     507                         179,338  
OPERATING EXPENSES:                                                
  Selling, general and administrative     25,550     39,744     4,285
100
  d(iv)
d(vix)
                    69,679  
 
Severance expense for former CEO

 

 


 

 

3,460

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,460

 
  Merger costs           952                                 952  
  Loss on disposition of P, P&E         2,203                                 2,203  
  Failed IPO expense           2,908                                 2,908  
   
 
 
     
             
 
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS     77,565     26,449     (3,878 )                       100,136  
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):                                                
  Interest income     244                                     244  
  Interest (expense)     (37,089 )   (31,928 )             2,458
14,914
  d(v)
d(vi)
  4,188
76
  d(vx)
d(vxi)
    (47,381 )
  Loss on debt extinguishment     0     (10,655 )             10,655   d(vii)             0  
  Equity in earnings of affiliates     646                                     646  
  Other income (expense), net     108                                     108  
   
 
 
     
             
 
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES     41,474     (16,134 )   (3,878 )       28,027                 53,753  
INCOME TAX PROVISION (BENEFIT)     19,698     (1,229 )   (1,512 ) d(viii)     10,930   d(viii)   1,663   d(viii)     29,550  
   
 
 
     
             
 
NET INCOME (LOSS)   $ 21,776   $ (14,905 ) $ (2,366 )     $ 17,097               $ 24,203  
               
     
                   
Preferred stock dividends         (31,075 )                                
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders   $ 21,776   $ (45,980 )                             $ 24,203  
   
 
                             
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding-basic     14,656,948     2,674,418                                 28,181,186  
Basic earnings (loss) per share   $ 1.49   $ (17.19 )                             $ 0.86  
Weighted average common shares outstanding-diluted     15,224,332     2,674,418                                 29,036,978  
Diluted earnings (loss) per share   $ 1.43   $ (17.19 )                             $ 0.83  

See Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Statements

39


Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1: Pro Forma Adjustments

    (a)
    The TTI merger will be accounted for by the purchase method of accounting. Under purchase accounting, the total purchase price will be allocated to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities of TTI based upon their respective fair values. This allocation will be based upon valuations and other studies that have not yet been completed. A preliminary allocation of the purchase price has been made to major categories of assets and liabilities based on available information. The actual allocation of purchase price and the resulting effect on income from operations may differ significantly from the pro forma as adjusted amounts included herein.

      The value of TTI was estimated by valuing each of TTI's operating segments individually and then summing these to determine the value of the consolidated entity. Discounted cash flow and market comparable approach indications of value, were used to determine a range of values for each operating segment. After reaching a conclusion on the combined value of the operating segments, the implied equity value of TTI was determined by subtracting TTI's debt on the date of the transaction. The implied equity value of TTI was $92 million. The TTI merger was valued based on appraisal information and other studies of the net assets acquired because we considered the fair value of the net assets acquired to be a more reliable measure of the fair value of TTI than the fair value of the shares issued to TTI stockholders.

      Included in the cost of the purchase are $14.5 million of direct costs including $8.5 million of advisory fees and $6.0 million of fees paid to outside consultants including legal, accounting, and appraisal services.

      Discounted cash flow analyses were prepared using five-year financial projections developed by our management based on their due diligence. The projections were prepared for each operating segment and included provisions for required investments in working capital and capital expenditures. The analyses used appropriate discount rates based on a weighted average cost of capital calculation utilizing equity returns generated by the Capital Asset Pricing Model. To estimate the residual value of each operating segment (the value of the segment after the explicit forecast period), the analyses utilized exit multiples consistent with those described in the market approach discussion below.

      A comprehensive market comparable approach was performed utilizing comparable companies, including companies in the heavy-duty truck industry. EBIT and EBITDA multiples were calculated for the comparable public companies using January 31, 2005 stock prices. Multiples were selected using the relevant comparable companies, on a unit by unit basis, based upon consideration of many factors including size, risk, profitability, quality of earnings, and growth expectations. The historical and forecasted EBIT and EBITDA of the

40



      TTI business units were then multiplied by the selected EBIT and EBITDA multiples to yield indications of value.

 
   
   
  (dollars in thousands)

   
Estimated Purchase Price of Equity                   $ 92,000   a(xvii)
Estimated Acquisition Costs                     14,500   a(i)
                   
   
                      106,500    
Net assets of TTI at historical costs                     2,000   a(xvi)
                   
   
Excess of purchase price over net assets acquired at historical costs                   $ 104,500    
                   
   

Adjustments to Net Assets Acquired:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Elimination of existing goodwill         $ (199,079 ) a(v)          
Elimination of existing intangibles           (41,695 ) a(ix)          
Elimination TTI LIFO reserve           5,473   a(ii)          

Estimated Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities (excluding Intangibles) in Excess of Book Value:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Increase in fair value of inventory           2,050   a(iii)          
Increase in property, plant and equipment           22,868   a(iv)          
Increase in pension and OPEB liability           (28,879 ) a(xiii)          
Increase in liabilities associated with severance contracts           (2,021 ) a(xi)          
Increase in liabilities associated with non-cancelable operating leases           (855 ) a(xviii)          
Elimination of deferred financing costs           (8,890 ) a(vii)          
Increase in fair value of long term debt—prepayment penalty           (7,000 ) a(xii)          

Estimated Fair Values of Intangible Assets Acquired:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
Backlog (finite life)           650   a(x)          
Trade names (indefinite life)           38,080   a(x)          
Technology (finite life)           33,540   a(x)          
Customer relations (finite life)           70,320   a(x)          

Adjustments to Deferred Income Taxes:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Total adjustments above (excluding goodwill)   $ 83,641                    
  Tax effect at 39%           (32,620 ) a(xv)     (148,058 )  
         
             
Excess of Purchase Price Over Identifiable Net Assets                     252,558   a(vi)
                   
   
                    $ 104,500    
                   
   

41


    (b)
    Assumptions related to refinancing adjustments for the unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2004:

    b(i)
    Pro forma as adjusted results contemplate the refinancing of Accuride's and TTI's outstanding senior bank debt as well as the financing of Accuride and TTI's subordinated debt.

 
  As of December 31,
2004

 
Sources:        
New senior credit facilities        
  Term loan facility   $ 550,000 (a)
  Revolving credit facility     25,000  
  81/2% senior subordinated notes     275,000  
   
 
    $ 850,000  
   
 
Uses:        
  Debt repayments/extinguishments:        
    Extinguish Accuride's senior subordinated notes   $ (189,900 )
    Extinguish TTI's senior subordinated notes     (100,000 )
    Repayment of Accuride's senior credit facilities     (299,100 )
    Repayment of TTI's senior credit facilities     (222,138 )
   
 
      (811,138 )(b)
   
 
  Payments of accrued interest and acquisition related accruals:        
    Interest     (14,909 )
    Redemption premium on TTI's senior credit facilities     (4,000 )
    Redemption premium on TTI's senior subordinated notes     (3,000 )
   
 
      (21,909 )
   
 
  Fees and expenses incurred and paid in connection with the refinancing     (27,648 )(c)
   
 
    $ (860,695 )
   
 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents   $ 10,695  
   
 

              (a)   The new senior credit facilities require current amortization payments of $5,500 during 2005.

              (b)   The historical debt instruments refinanced included current portions of $324,038 and long-term portions of $487,100.

              (c)   Fees and expenses includes the following:

 
  Expensed
  Capitalized
  Total
As of December 31,
2004

Bank fees   $ 9,599       $ 9,599
Bond issuance fees       $ 6,875     6,875
Interest and pre-payment penalty     2,320         2,320
Call premium     2,928         2,928
Legal, accounting and advisory fees     3,093     2,833     5,926
   
 
 
    $ 17,940   $ 9,708   $ 27,648
   
 
 

42


      b(ii)
      The deferred financing costs of $3,049 related to historical debt has been expensed and $9,708 of the new financing fees included in the total fees and expenses incurred of $27,648 discussed in b(i)(c) have been capitalized and will be amortized over the term of the related debt.

      b(iii)
      Historic long-term debt includes $320 of unamortized bond discount related to Accuride's senior subordinated notes. Long-term debt has been increased to reflect the write-off of the unamortized discount.

      b(iv)
      Retained earnings decreased $21,309 as a result of $17,940 of fees and expenses associated with the financing that had not previously been accrued and were not capitalized, $3,049 of non-cash amortization of deferred financing costs (discussed in b(ii)), and $320 of non-cash amortization of bond discount.

    (c)
    Assumptions related to offering adjustments for the unaudited pro forma as adjusted consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2004:

    c(i)
    Reflects net proceeds from the offering:

Proceeds from sale of common stock in offering   $ 100,080  
  Less: underwriting fees and expenses     (6,755 )
  Less: other expenses of issuance and distribution     (3,250 )
   
 
    $ 90,075  
   
 
      c(ii)
      Reflects the write-off of deferred financing costs in the amount of $0.4 million related to the repayment of a portion of our New Term Loan B facility concurrent with the offering calculated as follows:


 

 

 


 
Deferred financing costs—Term B   $ 2,308   d(v)
Prepayment of Term B (90/550)     16.3 %
   
 
Write-off of deferred financing fees   $ 378  
   
 
    (d)
    Assumptions for the unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2004:

    d(i)
    Depreciation expense has been revised to reflect preliminary allocations of fair values and increases in and remaining useful lives of assets as part of the TTI merger, as follows:

 
  Fair Value
  Useful Life
  Depreciation
Expense

 
Land   $ 5,712   n/a     n/a  
Building     37,402   9-19 years   $ 3,535  
Machinery & Equipment     65,854   1-14 years     11,018  
             
 
Total pro forma depreciation expense               14,553  
Less historical depreciation expense               (13,270 )
             
 
              $ 1,283  
             
 
      d(ii)
      Cost of sales has been increased by $2.1 million to reflect the sale of inventory that has been adjusted to fair value as part of the TTI merger.

      d(iii)
      Cost of sales has been increased by $3.8 million to reverse the impact in expected changes in the LIFO reserve.

43


      d(iv)
      Amortization expense has been revised to reflect the preliminary allocations of intangible assets acquired, as follows:

 
  Fair Value
  Useful Life
  Amortization
Expense

 
Backlog   $ 650   Less than 1 year     n/a  
Trade names     38,080   indefinite     n/a  
Technology     33,540   10-15 years   $ 2,293  
Customer relationships     70,320   15-30 years     2,403  
             
 
Total pro forma amortization expense               4,696  
Less historical amortization expense               (411 )
             
 
              $ 4,285  
             
 
      d(v)
      Reversal of 2004 amortization of deferred financing costs of $3.9 million which had previously been charged to interest expense. This was offset by estimated amortization of deferred financing costs of $1.4 million on the financing calculated as follows:

 
  Fair Value
  Useful Life
  Amortization
Expense

Bank debt:                
  Term B   $ 2,308          
  Revolver     525          
   
         
Total bank debt     2,833   5 years   $ 573
Bond     6,875   10 years     688
   
         
      9,708          
Old revolver     756   5 years     151
   
     
    $ 10,464       $ 1,412
   
     
      d(vi)
      Reflects pro forma interest expense resulting from our new capital structure based on an assumed LIBOR of 240 basis points as follows:

Revolving credit facility (1)   $ 1,225  
Term Loan B facility (2)     25,575  
Senior Subordinated Notes (3)     23,375  
   
 
Total pro forma interest     50,175  
Less historical net interest     (65,089 )
   
 
    $ (14,914 )
   
 
      (1)
      Reflects pro forma interest expense on our new revolving credit facility assuming an initial outstanding balance of $25.0 million at an interest rate of 4.90%.

      (2)
      Reflects pro forma interest expense on our new Term Loan B facility assuming an initial outstanding balance of $550.0 million at an interest rate of 4.65%.

      (3)
      Reflects pro forma interest expense on $275.0 million of notes offered at an interest rate of 8.5 percent.


    For the year ended December 31, 2004, a 1/8% variance in the interest rate would cause a change in interest expense of $1.1 million.

    d(vii)
    Reversal of TTI's 2004 debt extinguishment costs of $10.7 million.

44


      d(viii)
      Tax effect of pro forma adjustments at 39%.

      d(vix)
      To reflect incremental difference between historical management services fees of $0.9 million and pro forma fees of $1.0 million (see Note 3).

      d(vx)
      Reflects reduction in pro forma interest expense resulting from the repayment of $90.1 million of our New Term Loan B facility concurrent with the offering:

Repayment of Term Loan B facility   $ 90,075
Effective interest rate     4.65%
Reduction in interest expense   $ 4,188
   
      d(vxi)
      Reflects reduction in amortization expense of $0.1 million related to write-off of deferred financing fees related to the repayment of $90.1 million of our New Term Loan B facility concurrent with the offering.


 

 

 


 
Write-off of deferred financing costs   $ 378   c(ii)
Divided by the term of the facility     5 years  
   
 
Amortization expense   $ 76  
   
 

Note 2: Earnings Per Share

        Earnings per share are calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average shares outstanding. Unaudited pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share have been calculated in accordance with the SEC rules for initial public offerings. These rules require that the weighted average share calculation give retroactive effect to any changes in our capital structure as well as the number of shares whose sale proceeds will be used to repay any debt reflected in the pro forma adjustments.

        Set forth below is a reconciliation of our pro forma as adjusted weighted average common shares outstanding-basic and diluted:

 
  Basic
  Diluted
Accuride historical weighted average outstanding shares   14,656,948   15,224,332
Issuance of common stock to TTI group as discussed on page 31   7,964,236   7,964,236
Additional dilutive stock equivalents resulting from the impact of the change in fair value of Accuride stock due to the TTI merger     288,408
Issuance of common stock in this offering   5,560,000   5,560,000
   
 
  Pro forma as adjusted weighted average outstanding shares   28,181,184   29,036,976
   
 

      Up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares issuable upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005, have been excluded from the calculation of pro forma as adjusted weighted average outstanding shares and calculations of earnings per share—basic and diluted. Based on the assumed offering price per share of $18.00 underlying the assumption of proceeds in c(i) and the performance goals for TTI as described on page 31 of this registration statement, management estimates that the range of contingent shares that will be issuable upon completion of this offering to be

45


      380,834 shares to 1,142,495 shares. The minimum number of shares in this range has been estimated as approximately one-third of the contingent shares as TTI has met the performance milestone for January 2005, as described on page 31 of this registration statement. The TTI performance milestones for the months of February and March have not yet been finalized. If we had included the contingently issuable shares using the estimated range, our pro forma as adjusted weighted average outstanding basic and diluted shares and our pro forma as adjusted earnings per share—basic and diluted would be as follows:

 
  Basic
  Diluted
Estimated pro forma as adjusted weighted average outstanding shares—minimum   28,562,018   29,417,810
Estimated pro forma as adjusted weighted average outstanding shares—maximum   29,323,679   30,179,471
Estimated pro forma as adjusted earnings per share—minimum   $0.85   $0.82
Estimated pro forma as adjusted earnings per share—maximum   $0.83   $0.80

Note 3: Management Services Agreement

        Pursuant to the management services agreement described in this prospectus, which is to be effective upon the completion of the TTI merger, KKR has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $665,000, while Trimaran has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $335,000.

Note 4: Pro Forma as Adjusted EBITDA

        Pro forma as adjusted EBITDA is not intended to represent cash flows as defined by GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating performance or to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. We have included information concerning pro forma as adjusted EBITDA because it is a basis upon which we assess our financial performance and incentive compensation and certain covenants in the Company's borrowing arrangements are tied to similar measures. In addition, EBITDA is used by certain investors as a measure of the ability of a company to service or incur indebtedness and because it is a financial measure commonly used in our industry.

        Pro forma as adjusted EBITDA consists of our pro forma as adjusted net income before pro forma as adjusted interest expense, pro forma as adjusted income tax expense and pro forma as adjusted depreciation and amortization. Set forth below is a reconciliation of our pro forma as adjusted net income to pro forma as adjusted EBITDA:

 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

Pro Forma as adjusted net income   $ 24,203
  Income tax expense     29,550
  Interest expense     47,137
  Depreciation and amortization     47,687
   

Pro Forma as adjusted EBITDA

 

$

148,577
   

46


Note 5: Unusual Items (Increasing) Decreasing Pro Forma as Adjusted EBITDA

 
  Year Ended
December 31,
2004

 
Selling, general and administrative expenses (1)   $ 362  
Net loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment (2)     2,203  
Chief executive officer severance (3)     3,460  
Transaction related costs (4)     3,860  
Business interruption costs (5)     (319 )
Items related to Accuride's credit agreement (6)     (108 )
Inventory adjustment (7)     2,050  
   
 

 

 

$

11,508

 
   
 

(1)
TTI's selling, general and administrative expenses in 2004 included $0.4 million, related to professional fees for the 2001 audit performed in connection with TTI's proposed initial public offering.

(2)
In the quarter ended June 30, 2004, TTI entered into negotiations with a buyer for the sale of certain of its assets held for sale at its Erie, Pennsylvania location at a price below carrying value. To comply with the requirements of SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," TTI recorded an impairment loss of $2.2 million.

(3)
In August 2004, TTI recorded severance expense of $3.5 million in connection with the retirement of its former chief executive officer.

(4)
Transaction related costs include $2.9 million of TTI's expenses related to the aborted initial public offering in 2004 and $1.0 million of expenses related to the merger in 2004.

(5)
Business interruption costs for 2004 included $1.2 million for costs associated with roof damage and resulting business interruption sustained at Accuride's facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio and $0.5 million of additional cost associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at Accuride's facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003. These costs were offset by insurance proceeds in the amount of $2.0 million related to our business interruption claim.

(6)
Items related to Accuride's credit agreement in 2004 included other income of $0.1 million.

(7)
Cost of sales on a pro forma basis included $2.1 million to reflect the sale of inventory that has been adjusted to fair value as part of the TTI merger.

47


Note 6: Transaction Costs

        Excluding accrued interest and redemption premiums, we paid approximately $39.2 million of transaction fees and expenses as follows:

Acquisition costs      
  Advisory fees   $ 8,500
  Outside consultants     6,000
Financing costs      
  Bank fees     9,599
  Bond issuance fees     6,875
  Interest and pre-payment penalty     2,320
  Legal, accounting and advisory fees     5,926
   
    $ 39,220
   

Note 7: Net Operating Losses

        Under Internal Revenue Code ("IRC") Section 382, an ownership change can result in a limitation of a company's ability to utilize its net operating losses. Based on current projections of taxable income and the valuation of TTI, Accuride believes that following the TTI merger, Accuride will be able to fully utilize TTI's net operating losses. Accordingly, Accuride has determined that a valuation allowance against any deferred tax asset is not required as a result of the ownership change and the pro forma as adjusted financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to this matter. Additionally, this stock offering is likely to result in an "ownership change" of Accuride under IRC Section 382. Based on preliminary calculations, Accuride believes it will be able to fully utilize its net operating losses. Accordingly, Accuride has determined that a valuation allowance against any deferred tax asset is not required, and the pro forma as adjusted financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to this matter.

48



SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA OF ACCURIDE

        The following tables set forth our selected historical consolidated financial and other data as of the dates and for the periods indicated. The selected historical consolidated financial statements and other data as of and for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements for such periods, which have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. The selected historical consolidated data are presented for informational purposes only and do not purport to project our financial position as of any future date or our results of operations for any future period. You should read the following selected historical financial information in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and the information contained elsewhere in this prospectus and the information under "Capitalization" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

Selected Historical Operations Data

 
  Years Ended December 31,
 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands, except per share data)

 
Statement of Operations Data:                                
Net sales   $ 475,804   $ 332,071   $ 345,549   $ 364,258   $ 494,008  
Cost of sales(a)     396,587     298,275     286,232     301,428     390,893  
Gross profit(a)     79,217     33,796     59,317     62,830     103,115  
Operating expenses     29,494     31,000     24,014     23,918     25,550  
Income from operations(a)     49,723     2,796     35,303     38,912     77,565  
Interest income (expense), net(b)     (36,230 )   (40,199 )   (42,017 )   (49,877 )   (36,845 )
Equity in earnings of affiliates(c)     455     250     182     485     646  
Other income (expense), net(d)     (6,157 )   (9,837 )   1,430     825     108  
Income tax (expense) benefit     (5,278 )   13,836     (5,839 )   930     (19,698 )
Net income (loss)     2,513     (33,154 )   (10,941 )   (8,725 )   21,776  
Earnings (Loss) Per Share Data:(e)                                
  Basic   $ 0.17   $ (2.26 ) $ (0.75 ) $ (0.60 ) $ 1.49  
  Diluted     0.17     (2.26 )   (0.75 )   (0.60 )   1.43  
Weighted average common shares outstanding (in thousands):                                
  Basic     14,654     14,654     14,654     14,655     14,657  
  Diluted     14,677     14,654     14,654     14,655     15,224  
Balance Sheet Data (at year end):                                
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 38,516   $ 47,708   $ 41,266   $ 42,692     71,843  
Working capital (deficit)(f)     12,977     7,364     21,712     35,845     37,744  
Total assets     515,271     498,223     515,167     528,297     583,843  
Total debt     448,886     476,550     474,155     490,475     488,680  
Stockholders' equity (deficiency)     (29,200 )   (62,354 )   (53,249 )   (65,842 )   (44,572 )
Other Financial and Operating Data:                                
North American Class 8 heavy-duty truck production (units)     252,006     145,978     181,199     176,774     262,569  
Net cash provided by (used in):                                
  Operating activities     66,343     1,359     15,307     7,964     58,329  
  Investing activities     (51,688 )   (18,405 )   (19,766 )   (19,672 )   (27,272 )
  Financing activities     (8,632 )   26,238     (1,983 )   13,134     (1,906 )
EBITDA(g)     74,012     26,625     65,128     70,026     106,757  
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA(h)     15,333     14,353     3,421     2,061     (427 )
Capital expenditures     50,420     17,705     19,316     20,261     26,421  
Depreciation and amortization(i)     29,991     33,416     28,213     29,804     28,438  

(a)
Gross profit for 2000 reflected $5.0 million of costs related to integration and restructuring charges at our Monterrey, Mexico facility and $0.2 million of cost related to restructuring charges related to our other facilities. Gross profit for 2001 reflected $2.7 million of charges related to the closure of the Columbia, Tennessee facility, $1.6 million of restructuring charges related to our other facilities and a $2.7 million charge for impaired assets at the Monterrey, Mexico facility. Gross profit for 2002 reflected $0.9 million of costs related to a reduction in employee workforce, $0.4 million of costs related to non-cash pension curtailment expenses associated with a labor dispute in the Henderson, Kentucky facility plus $1.1 million of costs related to the consolidation of light wheel production. Gross profit for 2003 reflected $2.2 million for costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003, $0.4 million for strike contingency costs associated with the recent renewal of our labor contract at our facility

49


    in Erie, Pennsylvania and $0.3 million for pension related costs at our facility in London, Ontario. Gross profit for 2004 reflects $0.5 million for costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003, $1.2 million for costs associated with roof damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, offset by $2.0 million of insurance proceeds received in the fourth quarter of 2004 related to the business interruption portion of our 2003 fire claim.

(b)
Includes $11.3 million of refinancing costs during the year ended December 31, 2003. In 2000, $2.5 million relates to a gain on extinguishment of debt resulting from the repurchase of $10.1 million principal amount of our senior subordinated notes for $7.3 million.

(c)
Includes our income from AOT, Inc., a joint venture in which we own a 50% interest.

(d)
Consists primarily of realized and unrealized gains and losses related to the change in market value of our currency, commodity and interest rate derivative instruments.

(e)
Earnings per share are calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average shares outstanding after giving effect to the 591-for-one split of our common stock.

(f)
Represents current assets less cash and current liabilities, excluding debt.

(g)
EBITDA is not intended to represent cash flows as defined by generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our operating performance or to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. We have included information concerning EBITDA because it is a basis upon which we assess our financial performance and incentive compensation, and certain covenants in our borrowing arrangements are tied to this measure used by certain investors as a measure of the ability of a company to service or incur indebtedness and because it is a financial measure commonly used in our industry. In addition, EBITDA is presented in this prospectus may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies in our industry. EBITDA consists of our net income (loss) before interest expense, income tax (expense) benefit, depreciation and amortization. Set forth below is a reconciliation of our net income (loss) to EBITDA:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
  (dollars in thousands)

Net income (loss)   $ 2,513   $ (33,154 ) $ (10,941 ) $ (8,725 ) $ 21,776
  Income tax expense (benefit)     5,278     (13,836 )   5,839     (930 )   19,698
  Interest expense     36,230     40,199     42,017     49,877     36,845
  Depreciation and amortization     29,991     33,416     28,213     29,804     28,438
   
 
 
 
 
EBITDA   $ 74,012   $ 26,625   $ 65,128   $ 70,026   $ 106,757
   
 
 
 
 
(h)
Net income (loss) was affected by the unusual items presented in the following table:

 
  Year Ended December 31,

 
 
  2000
  2001
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Restructuring and integration costs(1)   $ 6,032   $ 4,292   $ 2,334              
Aborted merger and acquisition costs(2)     3,147                          
Business interruption costs(3)                     $ 2,157   $ (319 )
Strike avoidance costs(4)                       444        
Other unusual items(5)           224     2,517     285        
Items related to our credit agreement(6)     6,154     9,837     (1,430 )   (825 )   (108 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
Unusual items (increasing) decreasing EBITDA   $ 15,333   $ 14,353   $ 3,421   $ 2,061   $ (427 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
    (1)
    Restructuring and integration costs for 2000 included $5.4 million of restructuring and integration costs related to operations in Monterrey, Mexico and $0.6 million for restructuring costs in the United States. Restructuring and integration costs for 2001 included $2.7 million of charges related to the closure of the Columbia, Tennessee facility and $1.6 million of restructuring charges related to our other facilities. Restructuring and integration costs for 2002 included $1.2 million of costs related to a reduction in the employee workforce and $1.1 million of costs related to the consolidation of light wheel production.

    (2)
    In 2000, we incurred $3.1 million of costs related to aborted merger and acquisition activities.

    (3)
    Business interruption costs for fiscal 2003 included $2.2 million for costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003. Business interruption costs for 2004 included $0.3 million for costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003 and $0.5 million for costs associated with roof damage and resulting

50


      business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. Business interruption costs for 2004 included $1.2 million for costs associated with roof damage and resulting business interruption sustained at Accuride's facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio and $0.5 million of additional costs associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at Accuride's facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in August 2003. These costs were offset by insurance proceeds in the amount of $2.0 million related to our business interruption claim for the 2003 fire.

    (4)
    In 2003, we incurred $0.4 million for strike contingency costs associated with renewal of our labor contract at our facility in Erie, Pennsylvania.

    (5)
    Other unusual items in 2001 included $0.2 million of charges related to the amended and restated credit agreement entered into on July 27, 2001. Other unusual items in 2002 included $0.4 million of costs related to non-cash pension curtailment expenses associated with a labor dispute in the Henderson, Kentucky facility, $1.3 million one-time settlement fee paid to prior owner, $0.5 million of aborted business development costs and $0.4 million of other non-recurring professional fees related to a corporate restructuring at our Mexican subsidiary. Other unusual items in 2003 included $0.3 million for pension-related costs at our facility in London, Ontario.

    (6)
    Items related to our credit agreement refers to amounts utilized in the calculation of financial convenants in Accuride's senior debt facility. Items related to our credit agreement in 2000 consisted of foreign currency losses of $6.2 million. Items related to our credit agreement in 2001 consisted of foreign currency losses of $6.2 million and other expense of $3.6 million. Items related to our credit agreement in 2002 consisted of foreign currency losses of $1.6 million and other income of $3.1 million. Items related to our credit agreement in 2003 consisted of foreign currency gains of $0.9 million and other expense of $0.1 million. Items related to our credit agreement for the year ended December 31, 2004 included currency gain and other income of $0.1 million.

(i)
Effective January 1, 2002, Accuride adopted SFAS No. 142 "Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." No goodwill amortization was recorded during the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003, and 2004.

51



MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

        The following discussion contains management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for both Accuride and TTI and should be read in conjunction with the "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride," and the consolidated financial statements of Accuride and TTI and the related notes, all included elsewhere in this prospectus. This section contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements." Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this prospectus, particularly under the heading "Risk Factors."

Accuride Corporation

General Overview

        We are one of the largest North American manufacturers of truck components for the heavy- and medium-duty truck industries, including the bus, commercial trailer and specialty vehicle markets. We primarily serve the North American medium-duty truck market and heavy-duty truck and commercial trailer market. In addition, we serve the light truck and other industrial markets.

        We design, manufacture and market one of the broadest portfolios of truck components in the industry. Our products include wheels and rims, wheel-end components and assemblies, truck body and chassis parts, seating assemblies and other truck components. We also manufacture products for various industrial end-markets, including industrial components and farm implements. Our products are marketed under what we believe are some of the most recognized brand names in the industry, including Accuride, Gunite, Imperial, Bostrom, Fabco and Brillion. Our product portfolio is supported by a centralized sales and marketing department and is manufactured in 17 strategically located facilities across the United States, Canada and Mexico.

        Our sales are affected to a significant degree by the heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets, which are subject to significant fluctuations due to economic conditions, changes in the alternative methods of transportation and other factors. We cannot assure you that fluctuations in these markets will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        We have one reportable segment: the design, manufacture and distribution of component parts for heavy- and medium-duty trucks and commercial trailers. We sell our products primarily within North America and Latin America to original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, and to the aftermarket.

TTI Merger

        On January 31, 2005, pursuant to the terms of an agreement and plan of merger, a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride was merged with and into TTI, resulting in TTI becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride, which we refer to as the TTI merger. Upon consummation of the TTI merger, the stockholders of Accuride prior to consummation of the TTI merger owned 66.88% of the common stock of the combined company and the former stockholders of TTI owned 33.12% of the common stock of the combined company, with up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of the common stock of the combined company issuable to the former stockholders of TTI upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005.

52



Related Transactions

        In connection with the TTI merger:

    we sold $275.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 81/2% senior subordinated notes due 2015, which we refer to as our new senior subordinated notes in a private placement transaction;

    we entered into senior secured credit facilities, consisting of a $550.0 million term loan credit facility and a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $125.0 million, which is comprised of a new $95.0 million U.S. revolving credit facility and the continuation of a $30.0 million Canadian revolving credit facility ($25.0 million of the Canadian revolving credit facility was funded as of January 31, 2005);

    we discharged all of Accuride's outstanding 91/4% senior subordinated notes due 2008, including accrued interest and a redemption premium;

    we discharged all of TTI's outstanding 121/2% senior subordinated notes due 2010, including accrued interest and a redemption premium;

    we repaid substantially all existing senior secured indebtedness of Accuride and TTI, including accrued interest and redemption premiums;

    we paid approximately $39.2 million of transaction fees and expenses; and

    in connection with the completion of its audit of, and the issuance of an unqualified report on, TTI's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004, our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, identified deficiencies involving internal controls of TTI that it considers to be reportable conditions that constitute material weaknesses pursuant to standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. For a further description of the nature of the material weaknesses and the Company's remediation efforts, see "Business—Internal Control over Financial Reporting."

        We refer to the TTI merger, the sale of our new senior subordinated notes and the borrowings under our new senior credit facilities collectively as the Transactions.

Business Outlook

        Following a three-year industry downturn, the heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets began to show signs of a cyclical recovery at the end of 2003. Freight growth, improved fleet profitability, equipment age, equipment utilization, and economic strength continue to drive order rates for new vehicles not seen in several years. The heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets and the related aftermarket are the primary drivers of our sales. These markets are, in turn, directly influenced by conditions in the North American truck industry generally and by overall economic growth and consumer spending. Current industry forecasts by analysts, including America's Commercial Transportation Publications, or ACT, predict that the North American truck industry will continue to gain momentum in 2005. We believe that the general economic recovery and pent-up demand should continue to drive the pace of recovery in the truck and commercial trailer industry. We cannot assure you, however, that the economic recovery will continue. Delayed or failed economic recovery could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

        Our operating challenges are to meet these higher levels of production while improving our internal productivity, and at the same time, mitigate the margin pressure from rising material prices. Furthermore, we may be required to increase our level of outsourced production for some of our products due to production constraints, and such outsourcing may result in lower margins.

53



Financial Statement Presentation

        Net sales.    Our net sales are generated from the sale of truck components to the heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets. The heavy- and medium-duty truck markets and the related aftermarket are the primary drivers of our sales. These markets are, in turn, directly influenced by conditions in the North American truck industry generally and by overall economic growth and consumer spending. We also service a number of other markets, including light truck, industrial, construction, agriculture and lawn and garden, which are tied to general economic conditions except for the agriculture market, which is tied to those environmental and other factors that affect agricultural production.

        Cost of sales.    Our cost of sales includes the cost of raw materials such as steel, aluminum, steel scrap, pig iron, electricity, coke, natural gas, silicon sand, sand additives, coated sand, sheet and formed steel, bearings, purchased components, fasteners, foam, fabric and tube steel. The availability and price of steel, aluminum, steel scrap and pig iron are subject to market forces, including North American and international demand, freight costs, speculation and foreign exchange rates. During 2004 we experienced a sharp rise in raw material costs. We implemented raw material surcharges and price increases to our customers to offset a portion of the increases in these costs. Subsequently, some portion of the raw material surcharges were converted into price increases at Accuride. Our cost of sales also includes labor, utilities, freight, manufacturing depreciation and other manufacturing costs.

        Operating income.    Operating income represents net sales less cost of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses and other operating charges (credits).

Accuride Results of Operations

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Net sales   $ 345,549   100.0 % $ 364,258   100.0 % $ 494,008   100.0 %
Gross profit     59,317   17.2 %   62,830   17.2 %   103,115   20.9 %
Operating expenses     24,014   6.9 %   23,918   6.6 %   25,550   5.2 %
Income from operations     35,303   10.2 %   38,912   10.7 %   77,565   15.7 %
Equity in earnings of affiliate     182   0.1 %   485   0.1 %   646   0.1 %
Other (income) expense     (40,587 ) (11.7 )%   (49,052 ) (13.5 )%   (36,737 ) (7.4 )%
Net income (loss)   $ (10,941 ) (3.2 )% $ (8,725 ) (2.4 )% $ 21,776   4.4 %

    Comparison of Fiscal Years 2004 and 2003

        Net sales.    Net sales increased by $129.7 million, or 35.6%, in 2004 to $494.0 million, compared to $364.3 million in 2003. Approximately $112.0 million of the increase in net sales was a result of the continuing cyclical recovery in the commercial vehicle industry resulting in increases in the sales volume of both steel and aluminum wheels. In addition to the increase in the sales volume, net sales increased approximately $12.0 million due to raw material surcharges and price increases that were necessitated by the rising costs of raw materials. Subsequently, some portion of the raw material surcharges were converted into price increases.

        Gross profit.    Gross profit increased $40.3 million, or 64.2%, to $103.1 million for 2004 from $62.8 million for 2003. The increase was primarily attributable to the increase in sales volume and improved operating leverage. This increase was partially offset by unfavorable economics of approximately $18 million including steel surcharges and rising aluminum costs and the net impact of the strengthening Canadian Dollar in the amount of $6 million. These unfavorable economics were partially offset by the $12 million of price increases as discussed above.

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        Operating expenses.    Operating expenses increased by $1.7 million, or 7.1% to $25.6 million for 2004 from $23.9 million for 2003. This increase is primarily the result of higher costs for performance based incentive compensation in 2004. As a percent of sales, operating expenses for 2004 decreased to 5.2%, compared to 6.6% for 2003.

        Equity in earnings of affiliates.    Equity in earnings of affiliates increased to $0.6 million for 2004 compared to $0.5 million for 2003 primarily as a result of an increase in sales volume driven by the on-going recovery in the commercial vehicle industry.

        Other income (expense).    Net interest expense decreased to $36.8 million for 2004 from $49.9 million for 2003 primarily as a result of the $11.3 million of refinancing costs we incurred during 2003 associated with the refinancing of our senior debt. Other income for 2004 was $0.1 million compared to other income of $0.8 million in 2003. The $0.7 million decrease in other income is the result of fluctuations in foreign currency rates.

        Net income (loss).    We had net income of $21.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to a net loss of $8.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Included in the 2003 loss was $11.3 million of refinancing costs. Tax expense increased $20.6 million to $19.7 million for 2004 from a benefit of $0.9 million in 2003. The increase in tax expense was primarily the result of our increased pre-tax income.

    Comparison of Fiscal Years 2003 and 2002

        Net sales.    Net sales increased by $18.8 million, or 5.4%, in 2003 to $364.3 million, compared to $345.5 million for 2002. The $18.8 million increase in net sales was primarily due to the beginning of the cyclical recovery in the commercial vehicle industry led by a $14 million increase in orders from commercial trailer and chassis OEMs, a $12 million increase in the sales volume of aluminum wheels related to improved market penetration and a $7 million increase related to the strengthening of the Canadian dollar. These increases were partially offset by a $9 million decrease resulting from the discontinuance of a certain light wheel program, a $3 million decrease due to a soft market in Mexico and a $4 million decrease resulting from continued pricing pressures.

        Gross profit.    Gross profit increased by $3.5 million, or 5.9%, to $62.8 million for 2003 from $59.3 million for 2002. The principal causes for the improvement in our gross profit were a $14 million increase in sales volume and product mix, along with a $4 million increase from operating improvements at our facilities. Factors unfavorably impacting our gross profit during 2003 included $4 million related to pricing, $3 million related to the strengthening Canadian dollar and $7 million of higher costs for steel, natural gas and employee benefits.

        Operating expenses.    Operating expenses remained relatively constant for the year ended December 31, 2003, compared to the year ended December 31, 2002.

        Equity in earnings of affiliates.    Equity in earnings of affiliates increased to $0.5 million for 2003 compared to $0.2 million for 2002, primarily as a result of a reversal of previously accrued taxes at AOT, Inc., a joint venture in which we owned a 50% interest.

        Other income (expense).    Net interest expense decreased to $38.6 million for 2003 compared to $42.0 million for 2002 due to declining interest rates. During 2003, we incurred $11.3 million of refinancing costs associated with the refinancing of our senior credit facilities. Other income for 2003 was $0.8 million compared to other income of $1.4 million in 2002. The $0.6 million decrease in other income was the result of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and our 2002 interest rate instruments.

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        Net income (loss).    We had a net loss of $8.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to a net loss of $10.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. Included in the 2003 loss was $11.3 million of refinancing costs. The higher effective tax rate in 2002 was primarily attributable to an increase in our valuation allowance to reduce a deferred tax asset that we do not expect to fully utilize. The 2003 statutory benefit was impacted by fluctuations in currency and translation adjustments, which are recognized differently in foreign jurisdictions.

TTI Results of Operations

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Net sales   $ 411,598   100.0 % $ 440,009   100.0 % $ 588,340   100.0 %
Gross profit     71,495   17.4 %   71,078   16.2 %   75,716   12.9 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses     36,673   8.9 %   38,896   8.8 %   39,744   6.8 %
Other operating charges (credits), net           (9,236 ) (2.1 )%   9,523   1.6 %
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating income (loss)     34,822   8.5 %   41,418   9.4 %   26,449   4.5 %
Interest expense     42,306   10.3 %   40,362   9.2 %   31,928   5.4 %
Other (income) expense, net     (92 )     (8,693 ) (2.0 )%   10,655   1.8 %
Income tax expense (benefit)     (1,679 ) (0.4 )%   6,248   1.4 %   (1,229 ) (0.2 )%
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss) before cumulative effect of accounting change     (5,713 ) (1.4 )%   3,501   0.8 %   (14,905 ) (2.5 )%
Cumulative effect of accounting change     (3,794 ) (0.9 )%           0.0 %
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income (loss)   $ (9,507 ) (2.3 )% $ 3,501   0.8 % $ (14,905 ) (2.5 )%
   
 
 
 
 
 
 

Year ended December 31, 2004 compared to year ended December 31, 2003

        Net sales.    Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2004, were $588.3 million, an increase of 33.7% compared to net sales of $440.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. TTI's net sales to the OEM market and other markets increased $126.6 million, or 39.8%, to $444.7 million. Approximately $17.4 million of this increase resulted from surcharges assessed to cover a portion of the increase in material costs for the related production and $2.5 million from price increases. The remaining increase in net sales was primarily a result of the continuing cyclical recovery in the North American Class 5-8 truck builds which increased 35.6% to 502,711 units built during the year ended December 31, 2004, from 370,801 units built during the same period of 2003. TTI's net sales to the aftermarket increased by $21.7 million, or 17.8%, to $143.6 million. Approximately $6.9 million of this resulted from surcharges assessed to cover a portion of the increase in material costs for the related production and $1.0 million from price increases. The remaining increase in aftermarket sales resulted from a combination of factors including increased truck fleet age, increasing truck fleet utilization rates, increasing freight ton miles and an increase in TTI's market share.

        Gross profit.    Gross profit increased $4.6 million, or 6.5%, to $75.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2004, from $71.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. The favorable impact of higher sales volume, which included $24.3 million of surcharges and $3.5 million of price increases, was partially offset by the unfavorable impact of higher raw material costs of $40.6 million, primarily scrap steel, pig iron, aluminum, processed steel and outsourcing.

        Selling, general and administrative expenses.    Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $0.8 million, or 2.2%, to $39.7 million in 2004, from $38.9 million in 2003. This increase was primarily due to expenses associated with increased sales volume offset by a $2.3 million reduction in performance bonus. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased as a percentage of sales to 6.8% in 2004 from 8.8% in 2003.

        Other operating charges (credits), net.    Other operating charges (credits), net increased by $18.7 million to $9.5 million charges for the year ended December 31, 2004, from $9.2 million credits

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for the year ended December 31, 2003. Other operating charges (credits), net in 2004 consisted of $2.9 million for cost associated with TTI's unexecuted initial public offering of common stock, $3.5 million of severance expenses for TTI's former Chief Executive Officer who retired in August 2004, a $2.2 million impairment loss of TTI's assets held for sale at TTI's Erie, Pennsylvania location and $1.0 million in merger costs. In 2003, other operating credits, net consisted of $2.6 million from asset dispositions (principally a $3.6 million gain on the sale of TTI's Emeryville, California plant) and a $6.6 million credit from the reduction in TTI's estimated environmental remediation liability.

        Interest expense.    Interest expense decreased by $8.5 million, or 20.9%, to $31.9 million in 2004 compared to $40.4 million in 2003, due primarily to reduced average borrowings, lower interest rates, the expiration of an interest protection contract in 2003 and a reduction in the amount of amortization of deferred financing fees and debt discount.

        Other (income) expenses, net.    Other (income) expense, net in 2004 represented $10.7 million of debt extinguishment costs resulting from the write-off of deferred financing costs and debt discount related to retirement of TTI's old senior subordinated notes repaid in connection with the issuance of TTI's new senior subordinated notes in May 2004 and costs associated from the write-off of deferred financing costs related to TTI's old senior credit facility which was refinanced in March 2004. Other (income) expense, net for 2003 of $8.7 million consisted of a $10.0 million gain on the sale of TTI's railcar interest in 2001 which had been deferred until the buyer's right to sell the interest back to TTI expired (see Note 19 to TTI's audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus), a $1.8 million loss on the retirement of $40 million of TTI's existing senior subordinated notes and $0.5 million of interest income.

        Income tax expense (benefit).    TTI's effective tax rates of (7.6)% and 64.1% for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, differ from the statutory rate of 35% primarily as a result of taxes in state jurisdictions and an increase in valuation and other adjustments and taxes on the gain on subordinated debt purchases in 2003.

    Comparison of Fiscal Years 2003 and 2002

        Net sales.    Net sales increased by $28.4 million, or 6.9%, in 2003 to $440.0 million, compared to $411.6 million in 2002. TTI's net sales to the aftermarket increased by $18.1 million, or 17.5%, to $121.9 million. TTI believes this increase resulted from a combination of factors including increasing truck fleet age, truck fleet utilization rate and freight tonmiles and increases in TTI's market share.

        The improving economy drove the increase in freight tonmiles and fleet utilization. TTI's net sales to the OEM market in 2003 increased by $10.2 million, or 3.3%, to $318.1 million, compared to a 0.1% increase in North American heavy- and medium-duty truck build. TTI believes the increase in OEM sales was due to increased market share created by demand for its products and strong customer relationships.

        Gross profit.    Gross profit decreased by $0.4 million, or 0.6%, to $71.1 million in 2003 from $71.5 million in 2002. Gross profit margins were unfavorably impacted during 2003, due primarily to higher costs for raw materials and utilities, including steel scrap and other metals, electricity and natural gas.

        Selling, general and administrative expenses.    SG&A increased by $2.2 million, or 6.0%, to $38.9 million in 2003, from $36.7 million in 2002. The increase was largely attributable to increased healthcare expense for retirees of $1.5 million due both to inflation and increased claims.

        Other operating charges (credits), net.    Other operating charges (credits), net in 2003 totaled $9.2 million and consisted of $2.6 million from asset dispositions (principally a $3.6 million gain on the sale of TTI's Emeryville, California plant) and a $6.6 million credit from the reduction in TTI's estimated environmental remediation liability. See Note 15 to TTI's audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

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        Interest expense.    Interest expense decreased by $1.9 million, or 4.5%, to $40.4 million for 2003 compared to $42.3 million for 2002, due primarily to the realization of a lower effective interest rate on TTI's old senior credit facility, resulting from the expiration of fixed interest rate swaps and lower index rates and the effect of lower average borrowings under TTI's old senior credit facility. This impact was partially offset by a $1.8 million increase in interest expense due to the effect of increased average senior subordinated borrowings.

        Other (income) expense, net.    Other (income) expense, net for 2003 of $8.7 million consisted of a $10.0 million gain on the sale of TTI's railcar interest, in 2001 which had been deferred until the buyers' right to sell the interest back to TTI expired (see Note 19 to TTI's audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus), a $1.8 million loss on the retirement of $40 million of TTI's existing senior subordinated notes and a $0.5 million of interest income.

        Income tax expense (benefit).    Income taxes for 2003 were $6.2 million, compared to an income tax benefit of $1.7 million in 2002. Income tax as a percentage of pre-tax income was 64.1% as compared to a federal statutory rate of 35.0%. The rate differential resulted primarily from the December 19, 2003 purchase of TTI's existing senior subordinated notes by a group of its common equity holders. This transaction was deemed a taxable transaction to TTI due to the fact that the purchasers collectively held a majority of TTI's common stock.

        Net income (loss).    TTI had net income of $3.5 million in 2003 compared to a net loss of $9.5 million in 2002. As described under "Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates—Accounting for Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles," TTI recorded goodwill impairment of $3.8 million, net of tax of $2.4 million, as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle at January 1, 2002. Before the cumulative effect recorded upon adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards, or SFAS, No. 142, "Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," TTI's net loss in 2002 was $5.7 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

        Accuride's and TTI's net cash provided by operating activities in 2004 amounted to $58.3 million and $4.7 million, respectively, compared to $8.0 million and $7.8 million, respectively, for the comparable period in 2003. Accuride's and TTI's net cash used in investing activities totaled $27.3 million and $9.1 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2004, compared to a net use of cash of $19.7 million and $8.4 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2003. Accuride's capital spending in 2004 included $4.0 million related to installing manufacturing capacity for the production of light, full-face design wheels at its facility in London, Ontario and $8.5 million for the installation of additional machining capacity for aluminum wheels at its facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. TTI's capital spending in 2004 included $1.3 million invested in tooling for its new C-Series seat line.

        Accuride's net cash used in financing activities totaled $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $13.1 million for the comparable period in 2003. During 2004, Accuride made a $1.0 million payment on the Term C loan under its third amended and restated credit agreement and a $0.9 million payment on the new Term B loan under its third amended and restated credit agreement. TTI's net financing activities for 2004 were a $5.5 million source of funds, consisting of $215.0 million of proceeds from TTI's senior secured term loan facilities and $4.0 million in net repurchasing from its revolving credit facilities, offset by $0.9 million in payments on its senior term loan facility, $196.5 million in repayments on its senior term loans and senior subordinated notes and $8.1 million in financing costs.

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        Accuride's and TTI's primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations and borrowings under the individual company's revolving credit facilities. Primary uses of cash for both companies are funding working capital requirements, capital expenditures and debt service.

        We expect our capital expenditures to total approximately $40.0 million in 2005. It is anticipated these capital expenditures will fund (1) investments in productivity and low cost manufacturing improvements in 2005 of approximately $10 million, (2) equipment and facility maintenance of approximately $25.0 million and (3) capacity expansion of approximately $5.0 million. These expenditures will be funded by cash generated from operations and existing cash reserves.

    Pro Forma

        We intend to fund ongoing operations through cash generated by operations and borrowings under our new senior credit facilities.

        Our new senior credit facilities provide for (1) a new term credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $550.0 million that will mature on January 31, 2012 and (2) a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $125.0 million (comprised of a new $95.0 million U.S. revolving credit facility and the continuation of a $30.0 million Canadian revolving credit facility) that will terminate on January 31, 2010. The new term credit facility requires quarterly amortization payments of $1.4 million to commence on March 31, 2005, with the balance paid on the maturity date for the term credit facility. The interest rates per annum applicable to loans under our new senior credit facilities are, at the option of us or Accuride Canada Inc., as applicable, a base rate or eurodollar rate plus, in each case, an applicable margin which is subject to adjustment based on our leverage ratio. The base rate is a fluctuating interest rate equal to the highest of (a) the base rate reported by Citibank, N.A. (or, with respect to the Canadian revolving credit facility, the reference rate of interest established or quoted by Citibank Canada for determining interest rates on U.S. dollar denominated commercial loans made by Citibank Canada in Canada), (b) a reserve adjusted three-week moving average of offering rates for three-month certificates of deposit plus one-half of one percent (0.5%) and (c) the federal funds effective rate plus one-half of one percent (0.5%). The obligations under our new senior credit facilities are guaranteed by all of our domestic subsidiaries. The loans under the credit facilities are secured by, among other things, a lien on substantially all of our U.S. properties and assets and of our domestic subsidiaries and a pledge of 66% of the stock of our foreign subsidiaries. The loans under the Canadian revolving facility are also secured by substantially all of the properties and assets of Accuride Canada Inc.

        The new senior credit facilities contain numerous financial and operating covenants that limit the discretion of management with respect to certain business matters. These covenants place significant restrictions on, among other things, our ability to incur additional debt, to pay dividends, to create liens, to make certain payments and investments and to sell or otherwise dispose of assets and merge or consolidate with other entities. We are also required to meet certain financial ratios and tests, including a leverage ratio, an interest coverage ratio and a fixed charge coverage ratio. Failure to comply with the obligations contained in the credit documents could result in an event of default, and possibly the acceleration of the related debt and the acceleration of debt under other instruments evidencing indebtedness that may contain cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions.

        We issued $275.0 million aggregate principal amount of 81/2% senior subordinated notes due 2015 in a private placement transaction. Interest on the senior subordinated notes is payable on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on August 1, 2005. The notes mature on February 1, 2015 and may be redeemed, at our option, in whole or in part, at any time on or before February 1, 2010 at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount, plus an applicable make-whole premium, and accrued and unpaid interest and special interest if any, to the date of redemption, and on or after February 1, 2010 at certain specified redemption prices. In addition, on or before February 1, 2008, we may redeem

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up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of notes issued under the indenture with the proceeds of certain equity offerings. The new senior subordinated notes are general unsecured obligations (1) subordinated in right of payment to all of our and the guarantors' existing and future senior indebtedness, including any borrowings under our new senior credit facilities; (2) equal in right of payment with any of our and the guarantors' existing and future senior subordinated indebtedness; (3) senior in right of payment to all of our and the guarantors' existing and future subordinated indebtedness and (4) structurally subordinated to all obligations of our subsidiaries that do not guarantee our new senior subordinated notes.

        The indenture governing our new senior subordinated notes also contains numerous covenants including, among other things, restrictions on our ability to incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue disqualified or preferred stock, pay dividends or make other equity distributions, repurchase or redeem capital stock, make investments or other restricted payments, sell assets or consolidate or merge with or into other companies, create limitations on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to make dividends or distributions to us, engage in transactions with affiliates and create liens.

        Although we believe our cash on hand, availability under our new senior credit facilities and positive cash flows from operations will provide us with sufficient liquidity during the next 12 months, our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness and to fund planned capital expenditures and research and development efforts will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. In addition, our assumptions with respect to future costs may not be correct, and funds available to us from the sources discussed above may not be sufficient to enable us to service our indebtedness, including our new senior subordinated notes, or cover any shortfall in funding for any unanticipated expenses. In addition, to the extent we make future acquisitions, we may require new sources of funding including additional debt, or equity financing or some combination thereof. We may not be able to secure additional sources of funding on favorable terms or at all.

        We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations, that currently anticipated cost savings and operating improvements will be realized on schedule or that future borrowings will be available to us under our new senior credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell material assets or operations, obtain additional equity capital or refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness. We cannot assure you as to the timing of such asset sales or the proceeds which we could realize from such sales and we cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.

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    Pro Forma as Adjusted Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

        The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and commercial commitments as of December 31, 2004 on a pro forma as adjusted basis and the effect such obligations and commitments are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods:

 
  Payments due by period
 
  Total
  Less than 1 year
  1 - 3 years
  3 - 5 years
  More than
5 years

 
  (dollars in millions)

Long-term debt   $ 763.0   $ 5.5   $ 11.0   $ 36.0   $ 710.5
Interest on long-term debt(a)     233.8     23.4     46.8     46.8     116.9
Interest on variable rate debt(b)     150.2     22.6     44.3     43.3     40.0
Operating leases     34.6     6.9     9.5     5.4     12.9
Purchase commitments(c)     0.3     0.3                  
Other long-term liabilities(d)     83.1     8.6     18.4     21.4     34.7
   
 
 
 
 
  Total obligations   $ 1,265.0   $ 67.2   $ 130.0   $ 152.9   $ 914.9
   
 
 
 
 

(a)
Consists of interest payments for Accuride's outstanding 81/2% senior subordinated notes due 2015 at a fixed rate of 81/2%.

(b)
Consists of interest payments for our average outstanding balance of our new senior credit facilities at a variable rate of LIBOR of 2.40% plus the applicable rate. The interest rate for the outstanding industrial revenue bond was the 2004 average rate of 2.23%.

(c)
The unconditional purchase commitments are principally take-or-pay obligations related to the purchase of certain materials, including natural gas, consistent with customary industry practice.

(d)
Consists primarily of estimated future post-retirement benefit payments and estimated pension contributions.

        Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements.    Our off-balance sheet arrangements include our operating leases, letters of credit and unconditional purchase obligations, which are principally take-or-pay obligations related to the purchase of certain materials, including natural gas. Our operating leases are comprised of long-term real property and equipment leases that expire at various dates through 2015. Our total future minimum lease payments are $27.4 million. Items such as maintenance and insurance costs are not included in this amount. We had $16.6 million and $19.6 million in outstanding letters of credit as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Our letters of credit are used primarily to secure workers' compensation liabilities.

    Net Operating Losses

        We believe this offering will result in an "ownership change" of Accuride, within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The TTI merger resulted in an "ownership change" of TTI. As a result, our ability to use our and TTI's pre-change net operating losses (and certain built-in losses, if any) will be subject to an annual usage limitation, which could limit our ability to utilize some of such losses to offset our post-change taxable income. This limitation may have the effect of reducing our after-tax cash flow.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

        Our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make

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estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses during the reporting periods.

        We continually evaluate our accounting policies and estimates we use to prepare the consolidated financial statements. In general, management's estimates are based on historical experience, on information from third party professionals and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the facts and circumstances. Actual results could differ from management's estimates.

        We believe our critical accounting policies and estimates, as reviewed and discussed with the audit committee of our board of directors, include accounting for impairment of long-lived assets, goodwill, pensions, taxes and contingencies.

        Impairment of Long-lived Assets.    We evaluate long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangibles, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. In performing the review of recoverability, we estimate future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The estimates of future cash flows, based on reasonable and supportable assumptions and projections, require management's subjective judgments. The time periods for estimating future cash flows is often lengthy, which increases the sensitivity to assumptions made. Depending on the assumptions and estimates used, the estimated future cash flows projected in the evaluation of long-lived assets can vary within a wide range of outcomes. We consider the likelihood of possible outcomes in determining the best estimate of future cash flows.

        Accounting for Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangibles.    Since the adoption of SFAS No. 142 on January 1, 2002, we no longer amortize goodwill but instead test annually for impairment as required by SFAS No. 142. If the carrying value of goodwill or indefinite-lived intangibles exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss must be recognized. A present value technique is often the best available technique by which to estimate the fair value of a group of assets. The use of a present value technique requires the use of estimates of future cash flows. These cash flow estimates incorporate assumptions that marketplace participants would use in their estimates of fair value as well as our own assumptions. These cash flow estimates are based on reasonable and supportable assumptions and consider all available evidence. However, there is inherent uncertainty in estimates of future cash flows and termination values. As such, several different terminal values were used in our calculations and the likelihood of possible outcomes was considered.

        Accuride Pensions and Post-Retirement Benefits.    Accuride accounts for its defined benefit pension plans in accordance with SFAS No. 87, "Employers' Accounting for Pensions," which requires that amounts recognized in financial statements be determined on an actuarial basis. As permitted by SFAS No. 87, Accuride uses a smoothed value of plan assets (which is further described below). SFAS No. 87 requires that the effects of the performance of the pension plan's assets and changes in pension liability discount rates on Accuride's computation of pension income (cost) be amortized over future periods.

        The most significant element in determining Accuride's pension income (cost) in accordance with SFAS No. 87 is the expected return on plan assets. In 2004, Accuride assumed that the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets would be 8.75% for the U.S. plans and 9.0% for the Canadian plans. The assumed long-term rate of return on assets is applied to a calculated value of plan assets, which recognizes changes in the fair value of plan assets in a systematic manner over five years. This produces the expected return on plan assets that is included in pension income (cost). The difference between this expected return and the actual return on plan assets is deferred. The net deferral of past asset gains (losses) affects the calculated value of plan assets and, ultimately, future pension income (cost). Over the long term, Accuride's U.S. pension plan assets have earned approximately 9% while its Canadian plan assets have earned approximately 11%. The expected return on plan assets is reviewed annually and, if conditions should warrant, revised. If Accuride were to lower this rate, future pension cost would increase.

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        At the end of each year, Accuride determines the discount rate to be used to calculate the present value of plan liabilities. The discount rate is an estimate of the current interest rate at which the pension liabilities could be effectively settled at the end of the year. In estimating this rate, Accuride looks to rates of return on high-quality, fixed-income investments that receive one of the two highest ratings given by a recognized ratings agency. At December 31, 2004 and 2003, Accuride determined this rate to be 6.0%. Changes in discount rates over the past three years have not materially affected pension income (cost), and the net effect of changes in the discount rate, as well as the net effect of other changes in actuarial assumptions and experience, have been deferred, in accordance with SFAS No. 87.

        The recent declines in the financial markets coupled with the decline in interest rates have caused Accuride's accumulated pension obligation to exceed the fair value of the related plan assets. As a result, in 2004 Accuride recorded an increase to its accrued pension liability and a non-cash charge to equity of approximately $1.0 million after-tax. This charge may be reversed in future periods if market conditions improve or interest rates rise.

        For the year ended December 31, 2004, Accuride recognized consolidated pre-tax pension cost of $2.9 million, up from $2.5 million in 2003. Accuride currently expects that the consolidated pension cost for 2005 will be approximately $3.9 million. Accuride currently expects to contribute $6.1 million to our pension plans during 2005; however, it may elect to adjust the level of contributions based on a number of factors, including performance of pension investments, changes in interest rates, and changes in workforce compensation.

        For the year ended December 31, 2004, Accuride recognized a consolidated pre-tax post-retirement welfare benefit cost of $2.3 million, up from $2.2 million in 2003. Accuride currently expects that the consolidated post-retirement welfare benefit cost for 2005 will be approximately $2.7 million. Accuride expects to pay $0.7 million during 2005 in post-retirement welfare benefits.

        TTI Pensions and Post-retirement Benefits.    TTI provides pension and retiree welfare benefits to certain salaried and hourly employees upon their retirement. The most significant assumptions in determining its net periodic benefit costs are the expected return on pension plan assets and the healthcare cost trend rate for its post-retirement welfare obligations.

        In 2004, TTI assumed that the expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets would be 8.5%. As permitted under paragraph 30 of SFAS No. 87, the assumed long-term rate of return on assets is applied to a calculated value of plan assets, which recognizes changes in the fair value of plan assets in a systematic manner over five years. This produces the expected return on plan assets that is included in its net periodic benefit cost. The difference between this expected return and the actual return on plan assets is deferred. The net deferral of past asset gains (losses) affects the calculated value of plan assets and, ultimately, future net periodic benefit cost. The expected return on plan assets is reviewed annually and, if conditions should warrant, would be revised. A change of one percentage point in the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets would have the following effect:

 
  1%
Increase

  1%
Decrease

 
  (dollars in thousands)

Effect on net periodic benefit cost   $ (500 ) $ 500

        For TTI's post-retirement welfare plans, TTI assumed a 10.0% annual rate of increase in healthcare costs for 2004, with the rate of increase declining gradually to an ultimate rate of 5.0% by the year 2008 and remaining at that level thereafter. The healthcare cost trend is reviewed annually

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and, if conditions should warrant, revised. A change of one percentage point in the expected healthcare trend would have the following effect:

 
  1%
Increase

  1%
Decrease

 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Effect on total of service and interest cost   $ 534   $ (480 )
Effect on post-retirement benefit obligation     6,042     5,438  

        At the end of each year, TTI determines the discount rate to be used to calculate the present value of its pension and post-retirement welfare plan liabilities. The discount rate is an estimate of the current interest rate at which its pension liabilities could be effectively settled at the end of the year. In estimating this rate, TTI looks to rates of return on high-quality, fixed-income investments that receive one of the two highest ratings given by a recognized ratings agency. At December 31, 2004, TTI determined this rate to be 5.75%, a decrease of 0.5% from the 6.25% rate used at December 31, 2003.

        For the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, TTI recognized consolidated pre-tax pension cost of $1.1 million and $0.6 million, respectively. TTI currently expects that the consolidated pension cost for 2005 will be approximately $0.2 million. TTI currently expects to contribute $2.4 million to its pension plans during 2005; however, it may elect to adjust the level of contributions based on a number of factors, including performance of pension investments, changes in interest rates and changes in workforce compensation.

        For the year ended December 31, 2004, TTI recognized a consolidated pre-tax post-retirement welfare benefit cost of $3.8 million, up from $3.4 million in 2003. TTI currently expects that the consolidated post-retirement welfare benefit cost for 2005 will be approximately $4.0 million. TTI expects to pay $2.5 million during 2005 in post-retirement welfare benefits.

        Taxes.    Management judgment is required in developing our provision for income taxes, including the determination of deferred tax assets, liabilities and any valuation allowances recorded against the deferred tax assets. We evaluate quarterly the ability to realize our net deferred tax assets by assessing the valuation allowance and adjusting the amount of such allowance, if necessary. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization are our forecast of future taxable income and the availability of tax planning strategies that can be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. Failure to achieve forecasted taxable income might affect the ultimate realization of the net deferred tax assets. Factors that may affect our ability to achieve sufficient forecasted taxable income include, but are not limited to, the following: increased competition, a decline in sales or margins or loss of market share.

        At December 31, 2004, we had pro forma as adjusted net deferred tax liabilities of $12.3 million. Although realization of our net deferred tax assets is not certain, management has concluded that we will more likely than not realize the full benefit of the deferred tax assets.

        Contingencies.    We are subject to the possibility of various loss contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business resulting from a variety of environmental and pollution control laws and regulations. We consider the likelihood of loss or the incurrence of a liability, as well as our ability to reasonably estimate the amounts of loss, in the determination of loss contingencies. We accrue an estimated loss contingency when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. We regularly evaluate current information available to us, resulting from our ongoing monitoring activities and progress with the related regulatory agencies, to determine whether the accruals should be adjusted. If the amount of the actual loss is greater than the amount we have accrued, this would have an adverse impact on our operating results in that period.

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Pro Forma as Adjusted Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

        In the normal course of doing business, we are exposed to the risks associated with changes in foreign exchange rates, raw material/commodity prices and interest rates. We use derivative instruments to manage these exposures. The objectives for holding derivatives are to minimize the risks using the most effective methods to eliminate or reduce the impacts of these exposures.

    Foreign Currency Risk

        Certain forecasted transactions, assets and liabilities are exposed to foreign currency risk. We monitor our foreign currency exposures to maximize the overall effectiveness of our foreign currency derivatives. The principal currency of exposure is the Canadian dollar. Forward foreign exchange contracts and other derivative instruments, designated as hedging instruments under SFAS No. 133, are used to offset the impact of the variability in exchange rates on our operations, cash flows, assets and liabilities. At December 31, 2004, we had open foreign exchange forward contracts of $24.8 million. We believe the use of foreign currency financial instruments reduces the risks that arise from doing business in international markets.

        However, our foreign currency derivative contracts provide only limited protection against currency risks. Factors that could impact the effectiveness of our currency risk management programs include accuracy of sales estimates, volatility of currency markets and the cost and availability of derivative instruments. The counterparties to the foreign exchange contracts are financial institutions with investment grade credit ratings.

        During 2004, we experienced an 8.2% adverse change in the Canadian dollar. This resulted in a $10.2 million adverse impact on our 2004 earnings before taxes. This quantification of exposure to the market risk does not take into account the $4.2 million offsetting impact of derivative instruments.

    Raw Material/Commodity Price Risk

        We rely upon the supply of certain raw materials and commodities in our production processes and have entered into long-term supply contracts for our steel and aluminum requirements. The exposures associated with these commitments are primarily managed through the terms of the sales, supply and procurement contracts. From time to time, we use commodity price swaps and futures contracts to manage the variability in certain commodity prices. Commodity price swap and futures contracts are used to offset the impact of the variability in certain commodity prices on our operations and cash flows. At December 31, 2004, we had no open commodity price swaps and futures contracts.

    Interest Rate Risk

        We use long-term debt as a primary source of capital in our business. The following table presents the principal cash repayments and related weighted average interest rates by maturity date for our long-term fixed-rate debt and other types of long-term debt on a pro forma as adjusted basis at December 31, 2004:

 
  2005
  2006
  2007
  2008
  2009
  Thereafter
  Total
  Fair Value
 
  (dollars in thousands)

   
Long-term Debt:                                                
  Fixed   $   $   $   $   $   $ 275,000   $ 275,000   $ 275,000
  Avg. Rate                                   8.50 %   8.50 %    
  Variable   $ 5,500   $ 5,500   $ 5,500   $ 5,500   $ 5,500   $ 460,525   $ 488,025   $ 488,025
  Avg. Rate     4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %   4.65 %    

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New Accounting Pronouncements

        FAS 106-2.    In December 2003, the President of the United States signed the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act into law. The Act introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare (Medicare Part D) as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Statement No. 106, "Employers' Accounting for Post-retirement Benefits Other Than Pensions," requires presently-enacted changes in relevant laws to be considered in current period measurements of post-retirement benefit costs and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation. In May 2004, the FASB issued Staff Position No. 106-2, or FAS 106-2, "Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003," which provides authoritative guidance on accounting for the effects of the new Medicare prescription drug legislation. FAS 106-2 was effective for the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2004. This law and pronouncement did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

        FIN 46R.    In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision to Interpretation 46, or FIN 46R, to clarify some of the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 46, or FIN 46, "Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities." The term "variable interest" is defined in FIN 46 as "contractual, ownership or other pecuniary interest in an entity that change with changes in the entity's net asset value." Variable interests are investments or other interests that will absorb a portion of an entity's expected losses if they occur or receive portions of the entity's expected residual returns if they occur. The application of FIN 46R did not have an impact on our financial position or results of operations.

        SFAS No. 132 (revised 2003).    In December 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 132 (Revised 2003), "Employers' Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits—an Amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, and 106." This statement revises employers' disclosures about pension plans and other post-retirement benefit plans. It requires additional disclosures to those in the original SFAS No. 132 about the assets, obligations, cash flows, and net periodic benefit cost of defined benefit pension plans and other defined benefit post-retirement plans. SFAS No. 132 (Revised 2003) was effective for financial statements with fiscal years ending after December 15, 2003. We adopted this statement as of December 31, 2003 and revised our annual and interim disclosures for the periods ended December 31, 2003 and 2004 accordingly.

        SFAS No. 151.    In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, Inventory Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4. The amendments made by Statement 151 clarify that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted materials (spoilage) should be recognized as current-period charges and requires the allocation of fixed production overheads to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. The guidance is effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        SFAS No. 153.    In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions. The amendments made by Statement 153 are based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. Further, the amendments eliminate the narrow exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replace it with a broader exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. The Statement is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in the fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

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        SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004).    In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment. The Statement requires that the compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions be recognized in the financial statements. That cost will be measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued. Accuride will be required to apply Statement 123(R) as of the first interim period that begins after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        FASB Staff Positions (FSPs) 109-1 and 109-2.    In December 2004, the FASB issued two FSPs that provide accounting guidance on how companies should account for the effects of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 that was signed into law on October 22, 2004. FSP FAS 109-1, Application of FASB Statement No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes," to the Tax Deduction on Qualified Production Activities Provided by the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, states that the manufacturers' deduction provided for under this legislation should be accounted for as a special deduction instead of a tax rate change. FSP FAS 109-2, Accounting and Disclosure Guidance for the Foreign Earnings Repatriation Provision within the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, allows a company additional time to evaluate the effects of the legislation on any plan for reinvestment or repatriation of foreign earnings for purposes of applying Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes." These FSPs may affect how a company accounts for deferred income taxes. These FSPs are effective for periods ending on or after December 21, 2004. These FSPs had no effect on the 2004 consolidated financial statements and the Company does not expect these FSPs to impact its future results of operations and financial position.

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INDUSTRY

        We compete in the North American commercial vehicle components industry and primarily serve the heavy-duty, or Class 8, truck market, the medium-duty, or Class 5-7, truck market, the commercial trailer market, the light, or Class 3-4, truck market, the bus market, as well as the specialty and military vehicle markets. We sell our products primarily to truck and commercial trailer OEMs and the related aftermarket (22% of 2004 pro forma net sales), with the remainder of sales made to customers in industrial markets. Our pro forma net sales to heavy- and medium-duty OEMs, commercial trailer OEMs, light truck OEMs and other industrial markets as a percentage of total pro forma sales were approximately 53%, 6%, 9% and 10%, respectively, in 2004. Foreign competition is relatively limited in the markets in which we compete due to factors including high shipping costs, customer concerns about quality given the safety aspects of many of our products, the need to be responsive to order changes on short notice and the small labor component to most products. The following is an overview of the commercial vehicle components industry and each of the markets that we serve. Whenever we refer to the commercial vehicle components industry, we mean the North American commercial vehicle components industries and markets.

Commercial Vehicle Components Industry

        The commercial vehicle components industry is comprised of heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer components suppliers. The commercial vehicle components industry is highly fragmented and comprised of several large companies and many smaller companies. In addition, the commercial vehicle components industry is characterized by considerable barriers to entry, including the following: (1) significant capital investment requirements, (2) stringent OEM technical and manufacturing requirements, (3) high switching costs to shift production to new suppliers, (4) just-in-time delivery requirements to meet OEM volume demand, (5) strong name-brand recognition and (6) significant inter-continental shipping costs and unique North American design requirements limiting imports.

        The relationship between supplier and OEM generally tends to be close, cooperative and long-term in nature, requiring a substantial investment of time and resources by both parties. In contrast to the automotive industry, commercial vehicle end customers generally have the ability to specify components used in the original production of commercial vehicles, increasing the importance of brand recognition. Frequently, higher quality components are designated as "standard" equipment on an OEM's product line, further solidifying the relationship. Once a product is chosen as standard equipment for a line of trucks, any truck ordered in that line will come with that standard component unless the end user specifically requests a different product, which generally results in the payment of an additional charge by the end user to the OEM. As a result, the selection of a product as standard equipment for a line of trucks will generally create a steady demand for that product, both in the OEM market and in the aftermarket, because end users are more likely to use the standard component for replacement.

Commercial Truck Market Overview

        Commercial trucks are segmented into four major classes numbered 5 through 8. Heavy-duty trucks, or the Class 8 category, are used for the large majority of all truck tonmiles (the number of miles driven multiplied by the number of tons transported). While the majority of these tonmiles are long haul, Class 8 trucks also fill a niche as a regional delivery alternative. Medium-duty trucks,

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segmented into classes 5, 6 and 7, include buses and smaller transport vehicles, and are primarily used for regional package delivery, utility or construction.

 
  Class 5
  Class 6
  Class 7
  Class 8
Weight (lbs.)   16,001 - 19,500   19,501 - 26,000   26,001 - 33,000   over 33,000
Example   Delivery Trucks   Beverage Trucks   Garbage Trucks   Tractor-Trailers
Units   47,981   92,702   99,458   262,569

Note: Units represent 2004 production levels as reported in ACT Research (March 2005).

    Heavy-Duty Truck Market

        The global heavy-duty truck manufacturing market is concentrated in three primary regions: North America, Asia-Pacific and Europe. The global heavy-duty truck market is localized in nature due to the following factors: (1) the prohibitive costs of shipping components from one region to another, (2) the high degree of customization of heavy-duty trucks to meet the region-specific demands of end users, (3) the localized nature of regulation of the truck and truck components industries and (4) the ability to meet just-in-time delivery requirements.

        According to ACT, four companies represented approximately 100% of North American heavy-duty truck production in 2004. The percentages of heavy-duty production represented by Freightliner, PACCAR, Volvo/Mack and International were 36%, 25%, 19% and 20%, respectively.

        According to ACT, North American heavy-duty truck production is expected to increase significantly from 2003 to 2009. The following chart illustrates historical North American heavy-duty truck production as well as forecasts from ACT:

North American Heavy-Duty Truck Production
(number of trucks in thousands)

         LOGO

"E"—Estimated

Source: ACT Research (February and March 2005).

    Historical and Projected Heavy-Duty Truck Results

        The North American heavy-duty truck industry experienced substantial growth during the 1990s, reaching a peak in 1999 with 332,587 production units. From mid-2000 through 2001, the industry experienced a significant cyclical decline caused by a number of events:

            (1)   the recessionary economic environment;

            (2)   the large number of new trucks introduced into the truck fleet from 1998 to early 2000, due in part to specific marketing programs such as buyback guarantees offered by the major truck manufacturers; and

            (3)   the large number of quality used trucks available at relatively low prices.

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        These factors resulted in 2001 unit production declining approximately 56% from peak unit production in 1999.

        Following the substantial decline from 1999 to 2001, truck unit production increased modestly to 181,199 units in 2002 from 145,978 units produced in 2001, due primarily to the pre-buying of trucks that occurred prior to the October 2002 mandate for more stringent engine emissions requirements. Subsequent to the pre-buying, truck production continued to remain at historically low levels due to the continuing economic recession and the reluctance of many trucking companies to invest in the more expensive and newly compliant equipment.

        North American heavy-duty truck production of 176,774 units in 2003 remained substantially similar to 2002 production. During the first half of 2003, the economy remained in its recessionary mode as the United States commenced war in Iraq. New truck purchases remained subdued, and the age of the average truck on the road continued to increase. In mid-2003, evidence of renewed growth emerged and truck tonmiles began to increase. Accompanying the increase in truck tonmiles, new truck sales also began to increase. In the second half of 2003, new truck dealer inventories declined and, consequently, OEM truck order backlogs began to increase. According to ACT, monthly truck order rates began increasing significantly in December 2003 and have continued to do so since. As a result, all of the major OEMs have increased their truck build rates to meet the increased demand.

        The North American heavy-duty truck market continued to rebound in 2004. According to ACT, North American heavy-duty truck production is expected to increase from 262,569 units in 2004 to 340,928 units in 2009, at a compound annual growth rate of 5.4%. Evidence of the initiation of this trend can be seen in North American heavy-duty truck orders in 2004. Monthly truck order rates began increasing significantly in December 2003 and continued at a strong pace in 2004. North American year-over-year heavy-duty net truck orders increased 90% from 2003 to 2004. In spite of the increased production in 2003, the backlog for heavy-duty trucks has continued to increase and stood at 182,873 at the end of 2004, up from 64,569 at the end of 2003.

        According to ACT, heavy-duty truck unit production is expected to continue increasing in 2005 and 2006, with projected unit production of 308,415 units and 335,872 units, respectively. We believe that this projected increase is due to several factors, including (1) improvement in the general economy in North America, which is expected to lead to growth in the industrial sector, (2) corresponding growth in the movement of goods, which is expected to lead to demand for new trucks, and (3) the growing need to replace aging truck fleets.

        ACT forecasts that production in 2007 will be 205,775 units, a decline of approximately 38.7% from 2006 levels, due to new environmental standards that are expected to be introduced by the EPA in 2007. This decline would be similar in nature to what occurred after October 2002 following the introduction of new EPA emission standards. ACT projects that 2009 production will reach 340,928 units, an increase of approximately 65.7% from 2007 levels. We believe that this increase in volume is consistent with a sustained improvement in economic conditions and ACT's projected growth in heavy-duty tonmiles.

    Medium-Duty Truck Market

        Medium-duty trucks, which include buses and specialty vehicles, are smaller, less expensive vehicles that are generally used for short haul and more commodity like hauling, which fluctuate less with changes in the economy. The medium-duty market, which tends to be less cyclical than the heavy-duty

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market, has experienced strong growth this year and is expected to continue to grow from 2003 through 2009 as shown in the following chart:

North American Medium-Duty Truck Production
(number of trucks in thousands)

         LOGO

"E"—Estimated

Source: ACT Research (February and March 2005).

        North American medium-duty net truck orders in 2004 were 254,510 orders, up 22.6% from 2003. Backlog for medium-duty trucks stood at 82,882 at the end of 2004, up from 54,179 at the end of 2003.

Commercial Trailer Market Overview

        The commercial trailer market includes dry vans, dump and tanker trailers used to haul a wide variety of freight from commodities to finished goods. Historically, general economic and business conditions have significantly impacted demand for commercial trailers and have highly correlated with the production of heavy-duty trucks. In addition, during the past few years demand for commercial trailers has been positively affected by the widespread implementation of just-in-time delivery requirements and lean manufacturing principles as companies use commercial trailers as portable warehouses. According to ACT, an estimated 183,162 and 235,953 trailers were sold in the U.S. commercial trailer market in 2003 and 2004, respectively. ACT projects that the commercial trailer market will continue to grow, reaching 288,963 units in 2009, a 4.1% compound annual growth rate from 2004.

Various Industrial Markets

        We also service a number of other markets, including light truck, industrial, construction, agriculture and lawn and garden. With the exception of the agriculture market, these markets are tied to general economic conditions. The agriculture market is tied to environmental and other factors that impact agricultural production.

Industry Drivers

    Economic Conditions

        The North American commercial vehicle industry is directly influenced by overall economic growth and consumer spending. Since commercial vehicle OEMs supply the fleet lines of North America, their production levels generally match the demand for freight. The freight carried by these commercial vehicles includes consumer goods, machinery, food and beverages, construction equipment and supplies, electronic equipment and a wide variety of other materials. Since most of these items are driven by macroeconomic conditions, the truck industry tends to follow trends of gross domestic product, or GDP. Generally, given the dependence of North American shippers on trucking as a freight alternative, general economic conditions have been a primary indicator of future truck builds.

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    Truck Freight Growth

        Freight growth, which is driven both by economic expansion and a shift in share from other modes of transportation, such as rail and pipeline, leads to an increased need for commercial vehicles. According to the American Trucking Association, or ATA, truck freight has increased market share at the expense of both rail and water freight, increasing from 63.3% of the overall market in 1998 to 68.9% in 2003. We believe that this trend will continue due to the flexibility and on-time delivery record of trucking versus other modes of transporting goods. Growth in freight tends to correlate closely with the number of heavy-duty tonmiles, which is depicted in the following chart:

North American Tonmiles—Heavy-Duty Trucks
(number of tonmiles in billions)

         LOGO

"E"—Estimated

Source: ACT Research (February and March 2005).

        National suppliers and distribution centers, burdened by the pricing pressure of large manufacturing and retail customers, have continued to reduce on-site inventory levels. This reduction requires freight handlers to provide "to-the-hour" delivery options in order to maintain operating efficiency. As a result, heavy-duty trucks have replaced manufacturing warehouses as the preferred temporary storage facility for inventory. Because trucks are typically viewed as the most reliable and flexible shipping alternative, truck tonmiles, as well as truck platform improvements, should continue to increase in order to meet the increasing need for flexibility under the just-in-time delivery requirements.

    Truck Replacement Cycle and Fleet Aging

        In 2002, the average age of heavy-duty trucks passed the 10-year average of 5.5 years. In 2003, the average age increased further to 5.9 years. The average fleet age tends to run in cycles as freight companies permit their truck fleets to age during periods of lagging demand and then replenish those fleets during periods of increasing demand. Most leading national freight companies replace their vehicles every three to five years. Additionally, as truck fleets age, their maintenance costs increase. Freight companies must therefore continually evaluate the economics between repair and replacement. Other factors such as inventory management and the growth in less-than-truckload, or LTL, freight

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shipping also tend to increase fleet mileage and, as a result, the truck replacement cycle. The chart below illustrates the average age of active U.S. heavy-duty trucks:

Average Age of Active U.S. Heavy-Duty Trucks
(number of years)

         LOGO

Source: ACT Research (2005).

    Suppliers' Relationships with OEMs

        Suppliers' relationships with OEMs are long-term, close and cooperative in nature. OEMs must expend both time and resources to work with suppliers to form an efficient and trusted operating relationship. Following this investment, and in some cases the designation of a supplier's component as standard equipment, OEMs are typically hesitant to change suppliers given the potential for disruptions in production.

    Growth in the Aftermarket for Components

        The vehicle components aftermarket is characterized by steady sales and higher margins than in the primary market. Demand in this sector of the industry is primarily driven by the age and number of trucks in service and the number of miles driven by those commercial vehicles. We believe that the growth and stability of the aftermarket correlates with the number of tonmiles driven in the overall trucking industry, as illustrated above. The aftermarket is a growing market as the overall size of the North American fleet of heavy-duty trucks has continued to increase and is attractive because of the recurring nature of the sales. The higher margins in the aftermarket result from suppliers' ability to leverage an already established fixed cost base and exert moderate pricing power. The recurring nature of aftermarket revenue provides some insulation to the overall cyclical nature of the industry, as it tends to provide a more stable stream of earnings.

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BUSINESS

Corporate History

        Accuride and Accuride Canada Inc., a corporation formed under the laws of the province of Ontario, Canada and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Accuride, were incorporated in November 1986 for the purpose of acquiring substantially all of the assets and assuming certain of the liabilities of Firestone Steel Products, a division of The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company. The respective acquisitions by the companies were consummated in December 1986. In 1988, we were purchased by Phelps Dodge Corporation.

        On November 17, 1997, we entered into a stock subscription agreement with Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C. pursuant to which Hubcap Acquisition, an affiliate of KKR, acquired control of us. The acquisition consisted of an equity investment in us together with approximately $363.7 million of aggregate proceeds from certain financings, which were collectively used to redeem shares of our common stock owned by Phelps Dodge. The financing transactions included the issuance of public notes, which were registered under the Securities Act pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-4. Immediately after the closing of such transactions, Hubcap Acquisition owned 90% of our common stock and Phelps Dodge owned 10% of our common stock. Shortly thereafter, we sold additional shares of common stock and granted options to purchase common stock to certain senior management employees, representing, in the aggregate, approximately 10% of our fully diluted equity. Phelps Dodge subsequently sold its remaining interest in us to RSTW Partners III, L.P. in September 1998.

        On January 31, 2005, we completed our acquisition of TTI. TTI was founded as Johnstown America Industries, Inc. in 1991 in connection with the purchase of Bethlehem Steel Corporation's freight car manufacturing operations. After an initial public offering in July 1993, TTI continued to grow and transform its business through a series of acquisitions in the truck components industry completed between 1995 and 1999, which, together with continuing improvement in market conditions in the truck component industry, represented substantially all of its sales growth during such period. Following the sale of TTI's freight car operations in June 1999, it changed its name to Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. In March 2000, TTI was acquired in a going-private transaction by an investor group led by its management and Trimaran.

The TTI Merger and Related Transactions

        On January 31, 2005, pursuant to the terms of an agreement and plan of merger, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Accuride was merged with and into TTI, resulting in TTI becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride, which we refer to as the TTI merger. Upon consummation of the TTI merger, the stockholders of Accuride prior to consummation of the TTI merger owned 66.88% of the common stock of the combined company and the former stockholders of TTI owned 33.12% of the common stock of the combined company, with up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of the common stock of the combined company issuable to the former stockholders of TTI upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005.

        Accuride plans to rationalize costs by eliminating redundant corporate overhead expenses, and consolidate purchasing, research and development, information technology and sales and distribution functions.

        In connection with the TTI merger:

    we sold $275 million in aggregate principal amount of our 81/2% senior subordinated notes due 2015, which we refer to as our new senior subordinated notes in a private placement transaction;

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    we entered into senior secured credit facilities, consisting of a $550.0 million term loan credit facility and a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $125.0 million, which is comprised of a new $95.0 million U.S. revolving credit facility and the continuation of a $30.0 million Canadian revolving credit facility ($25.0 million of the Canadian revolving credit facility was funded as of January 31, 2005);

    we discharged all of Accuride's outstanding 91/4% senior subordinated notes due 2008, including accrued interest and a redemption premium;

    we discharged all of TTI's outstanding 121/2% senior subordinated notes due 2010, including accrued interest and a redemption premium;

    we repaid substantially all existing senior secured indebtedness of Accuride and TTI, including accrued interest and redemption premiums;

    we paid approximately 39.2 million of transaction fees and expenses; and

    in connection with the completion of its audit of, and the issuance of an unqualified report on, TTI's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004, our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, identified deficiencies involving internal controls of TTI that it considers to be reportable conditions that constitute material weaknesses pursuant to standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. For a further description of the nature of the material weaknesses and the Company's remediation efforts, see "Business—Internal Control over Financial Reporting."

        We refer to the TTI merger, the sale of our new senior subordinated notes and the borrowings under our new senior credit facilities collectively as the Transactions.

The Company

        We are one of the largest and most diversified manufacturers and suppliers of commercial vehicle components in North America. Our products include commercial vehicle wheels, wheel-end components and assemblies, truck body and chassis parts, seating assemblies and other commercial vehicle components. We market our products under some of the most recognized brand names in the industry, including Accuride, Gunite, Imperial, Bostrom, Fabco and Brillion. We believe that we have number one or number two market positions in steel wheels, forged aluminum wheels, brake drums, disc wheel hubs, spoke wheels, metal grills, metal bumpers, crown assemblies, chrome plating and polishing, seating assemblies and fuel tanks in commercial vehicles. We serve the leading original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, and their related aftermarket channels in most major segments of the commercial vehicle market, including heavy- and medium-duty trucks, commercial trailers, light trucks, buses, as well as specialty and military vehicles. For the year ended December 31, 2004, we generated pro forma net sales of $1,082.3 million.

        Our primary product lines are standard equipment used by virtually all North American heavy- and medium-duty truck OEMs, creating a significant barrier to entry. We believe that substantially all heavy-duty truck models manufactured in North America contain one or more Accuride components. For the year ended December 31, 2004, we sold approximately 59% of our products to heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer OEMs and approximately 22% to the related aftermarkets. The remainder of our sales were made to customers in the light truck, specialty and military vehicle and other industrial markets. Over the last three fiscal years, our pro forma aftermarket sales have grown at an annualized rate of 10.6%. We believe that continued growth in the aftermarket represents an attractive diversification to our original equipment business due to its relative stability and higher margins.

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        Our diversified customer base includes substantially all of the leading commercial vehicle OEMs, such as Freightliner Corporation, with its Freightliner, Sterling and Western Star brand trucks, PACCAR, Inc., with its Peterbilt and Kenworth brand trucks, International Truck and Engine Corporation, with its International brand trucks, and Volvo Truck Corporation, or Volvo/Mack, with its Volvo and Mack brand trucks. Our primary commercial trailer customers include leading commercial trailer OEMs, such as Great Dane Limited Partnership and Wabash National, Inc. Major light truck customers include Ford Motor Company and General Motors Corporation. Our product portfolio is supported by strong sales, marketing and design engineering capabilities and is manufactured in 17 strategically located, technologically-advanced facilities across the United States, Mexico and Canada.

Product Overview

        We design, produce and market one of the broadest portfolios of commercial vehicle components in the industry. We classify our products under several categories, which include wheels, wheel-end components and assemblies, truck body and chassis parts, seating assemblies and other commercial vehicle components. The following describes our major product lines and brands.

    Wheels (approximately 46% of 2004 pro forma net sales)

        We are the largest North American manufacturer and supplier of wheels for heavy- and medium-duty trucks and commercial trailers. We offer the broadest product line in the North American heavy- and medium-duty wheel industry and are the only North American manufacturer and supplier of both steel and forged aluminum heavy- and medium-duty wheels. We also produce wheels for buses, commercial light trucks, pick-up trucks, sport utility vehicles and vans. We market our wheels under the Accuride brand. A description of each of our major products is summarized below.

    Heavy- and medium-duty steel wheels.  We offer the broadest product line of steel wheels for the heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets. The wheels range in diameter from 17.5" to 24.5" and are designed for load ratings ranging from 2,400 to 13,000 lbs. We also offer a number of coatings and finishes which we believe provide the customer with increased durability and exceptional appearance. We are the standard steel wheel supplier to most North American heavy- and medium-duty truck OEMs and at a number of North American trailer OEMs.

    Heavy- and medium-duty aluminum wheels.  We offer a full product line of aluminum wheels for the heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer markets. The wheels range in diameter from 19.0" to 24.5" and are designed for load ratings ranging from 7,000 to 13,000 lbs. Aluminum wheels are generally lighter in weight, more readily stylized and approximately 3.5 times more expensive than steel wheels.

    Light truck steel wheels.  We manufacture light truck single and dual steel wheels that range in diameter from 16" to 20" for customers such as Ford, General Motors and DaimlerChrysler Corporation. We are focused on larger diameter wheels designed for select truck platforms used for carrying heavier loads.

    Wheel-End Components and Assemblies (approximately 24% of 2004 pro forma net sales)

        We are the leading North American supplier of wheel-end components and assemblies to the heavy- and medium-duty truck markets and related aftermarket. We market our wheel-end components and assemblies under the Gunite brand. We produce four basic wheel-end assemblies: (1) disc wheel hub/brake drum, (2) spoke wheel/brake drum, (3) spoke wheel/brake rotor and (4) disc wheel hub/brake rotor. We also manufacture a full line of wheel-end components for the heavy- and medium-duty truck markets, such as brake drums, disc wheel hubs, spoke wheels, rotors and automatic slack

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adjusters. The majority of these components are critical to the safe operation of vehicles. A description of each of our major wheel-end components is summarized below:

    Brake Drums.  We offer a variety of heavy- and medium-duty brake drums for truck, commercial trailer, bus and off-highway applications. A brake drum is a braking device utilized in a "drum brake" which is typically made of iron and has a machined surface on the inside. When the brake is applied, air or brake fluid is forced, under pressure, into a wheel cylinder which, in turn, pushes a brake shoe into contact with the machined surface on the inside of the drum and stops the vehicle. Our brake drums are custom-engineered to exact requirements for a broad range of applications, including logging, mining and more traditional over-the-road vehicles. To ensure product quality, we continually work with brake and lining manufacturers to optimize brake drum and brake system performance. Brake drums are our primary aftermarket product. The aftermarket opportunities in this product line are substantial as brake drums continually wear with use and eventually need to be replaced, although the timing of such replacement depends on the severity of use.

    Disc Wheel Hubs.  We manufacture a complete line of traditional ferrous disc wheel hubs for heavy- and medium-duty trucks and commercial trailers. A disc wheel hub is the connecting piece between the brake system and the axle upon which the wheel and tire are mounted. In addition, we offer a line of lightweight cast iron hubs that provide users with improved operating efficiency. Our lightweight hubs utilize advanced metallurgy and unique structural designs to offer both significant weight savings and lower costs due to fewer maintenance requirements. Our product line also includes finely machined hubs for anti-lock braking systems, or ABS, which enhance vehicle safety. These hubs have been mandated for all new trucks with air brakes since March 1997 and all new commercial trailers with air brakes since March 1998.

    Spoke Wheels.  Due to their greater strength and reduced downtime, we manufacture a full line of spoke wheels for heavy- and medium-duty trucks and commercial trailers. While disc wheel hubs have begun to displace spoke wheels, they are still popular for severe-duty applications such as off-highway vehicles, refuse vehicles and school buses. Our product line also includes finely machined wheels for ABS systems, similar to our disc wheel hubs.

    Disc Brake Rotors.  We develop and manufacture durable, lightweight disc brake rotors for a variety of heavy-duty truck applications. A disc rotor is a braking device that is typically made of iron with highly machined surfaces. Once a disc brake is applied, brake fluid from the master cylinder is forced into a caliper where it presses against a piston, which then squeezes two brake pads against the disc rotor and stops the vehicle. Disc brakes are generally viewed as more efficient, although more expensive, than drum brakes and are often found in the front of a vehicle with drum brakes often located in the rear. We manufacture ventilated disc brake rotors that significantly improved heat dissipation as required for applications on Class 7 and 8 vehicles. We offer one of the most complete lines of heavy-duty and medium-duty disc brake rotors in the industry.

    Automatic Slack Adjusters.  Automatic slack adjusters react to, and adjust for, variations in brake shoe-to-drum clearance and maintain the proper amount of space between the shoe and drum. Our automatic slack adjusters automatically adjust the brake shoe-to-brake drum clearance, ensuring that this clearance is always constant at the time of braking. The use of automatic slack adjusters reduces maintenance costs, improves braking performance and minimizes side-to-pull and stopping distance. Automatic slack adjusters were mandated for all new trucks in the United States beginning in 1994 and in Mexico since January 1, 2004.

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    Truck Body and Chassis Parts (approximately 11% of 2004 pro forma net sales)

        We are a leading supplier of truck body and chassis parts to heavy- and medium-duty truck manufacturers, including bus manufacturers. We fabricate a broad line of truck body and chassis parts under the Imperial brand name, including bumpers, battery and toolboxes, crown assemblies, bus component and chassis assemblies, fuel tanks, roofs, fenders and crossmembers. We also provide a variety of value-added services, such as chrome plating and polishing and the kitting and assembly of exhaust systems.

        We specialize in the fabrication of components requiring a significant amount of tooling or customization. Due to the intricate nature of these parts, our truck body and chassis parts manufacturing operations are characterized by low-volume production runs. Additionally, because each truck is uniquely customized to end user specifications, we have developed flexible production systems that are capable of accommodating multiple variations for each product design. A description of each of our major truck body and chassis parts is summarized below:

    Bumpers.  We manufacture a wide variety of steel and aluminum bumpers, as well as polish and chrome these products with pre-plate and decorative polishing to meet specific OEM requirements.

    Fuel Tanks.  We manufacture and assemble aluminum and steel fuel tanks, fuel tank ends and fuel tank straps, as well as polish fuel tanks.

    Bus Components and Chassis Assembly.  We manufacture stainless steel chassis frames, body parts and fuel tanks for buses. We have developed a particular competency in the manufacture and assembly of low-floor bus chassis.

    Battery Boxes and Toolboxes.  We manufacture, as well as polish, steel and aluminum battery and toolboxes for our heavy-duty truck OEM customers.

    Front-End Crossmembers.  We fabricate and assemble front-end crossmembers for heavy-duty trucks. A crossmember is a structural component of a chassis. These products are manufactured from heavy steel and assembled to customer line-set schedules.

    Muffler Assemblies.  We fabricate, assemble, chrome-plate and polish muffler assemblies consisting of large diameter exhaust tubing assembled with a muffler manufactured by a third party.

    Crown Assemblies and Components.  We manufacture multiple styles of crown assemblies and components. A crown assembly is the highly visible front grill and nameplate of the truck. These products are fabricated from both steel and aluminum and are chrome-plated and polished.

    Other Products.  We fabricate a wide variety of assemblies and chrome-plate and polish numerous other components for truck manufacturers, bus manufacturers and OEM suppliers. These products include fenders, exhaust components, sun visors, windshield masts, step assemblies, quarter fender brackets, underbelly brackets, fuel tank supports, hood inner panels, door assemblies, dash panel assemblies, outrigger assemblies and various other components.

    Seating Assemblies (approximately 6% of 2004 pro forma net sales)

        Under the Bostrom brand name, we design, engineer and manufacture air suspension and static seating assemblies for heavy- and medium-duty trucks, the related aftermarket and school and transit buses. All major North American heavy-duty truck manufacturers offer our seats as standard equipment or as an option.

        Seating assemblies are primarily differentiated on comfort, price and quality, with driver comfort being especially important given the substantial amount of time that truck drivers spend on the road.

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Our seating assemblies typically utilize a "scissor-type" suspension, which we believe offers superior cushioning for the driver.

        We have invested significantly to maintain our position as one of the leaders in the development of innovative seating assemblies. Our new "C-Series" product line began production in the third quarter of 2004. This next-generation seat features many new benefits, including modular assembly, seat pan extension and a wider, more stable suspension. In 1999, we introduced a new "Wide Ride" seat concept in response to customer demand for a wider, more comfortable product, and in 2001 we introduced the "Liberty Series" focused on the aftermarket.

        Our current line of seats is the "T-Series," which offers a number of different styles based on back height, weight, number of armrests, color, ability to adjust height and tilt and suspension system. In addition to the T-Series, we have also developed a mechanical seat under the Viking name, designed for construction equipment and rugged applications, as well as a seat designed for short runs on quick deliveries under the Baja name.

    Other Components (approximately 13% of 2004 pro forma net sales)

        We produce other commercial vehicle components, including steerable drive axles and gearboxes as well as engine and transmission components.

    Military Wheels.  We recently began producing steel wheels for military applications under the Accuride brand name. In addition, we are developing aluminum wheels for future applications to reduce vehicle weight.

    Steerable Drive Axles and Gear Boxes.  We believe we are a leading supplier of steerable drive axles, gearboxes and related parts for heavy- and medium-duty on/off highway trucks and utility vehicles under the Fabco and Sisu brand names. Our axles and gearboxes are utilized by most major North American heavy- and medium-duty truck manufacturers and modification centers. We also supply replacement parts for all of our products to OEMs and, in some cases, directly to end users. Our quick turnaround of parts minimizes the need for our customers to maintain their own parts inventory.

    Transmission and Engine-Related Components.  We believe we are a leading manufacturer of transmission and engine-related components to the heavy- and medium-duty truck markets under the Brillion brand name, including flywheels, transmission and engine-related housings and chassis brackets.

    Industrial Components.  We produce components for a wide variety of applications to the industrial machinery and construction equipment markets under the Brillion brand name, including flywheels, pump housings, small engine components and other industrial components. Our industrial components are made to specific customer requirements and, as a result, our product designs are typically proprietary to our customers.

    Non-Powered Farm Equipment.  We also design, manufacture and market a line of farm equipment and lawn and garden products for the "behind-the-tractor" market, including pulverizers, seeders, mulchers, deep tillers, grass feeders and cultivators under the Brillion brand name.

Competitive Strengths

        We believe that the following competitive strengths contribute to our strong market positions and will enable us to continue to improve our profitability and cash flows:

    Leading Market Positions.  We are among North America's largest companies serving the heavy-duty and medium-duty OEMs and related aftermarkets, supplying a broad range of

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      commercial vehicle components. We have leading market positions in heavy-duty steel wheels, in which we believe we have approximately an 87% market share (an increase from approximately a 77% market share in 1998), and in heavy-duty aluminum wheels, in which we believe we have approximately a 48% market share (an increase from approximately a 24% market share in 1998). The TTI merger expands our range of products and further solidifies our strong customer base by combining both companies' long-standing relationships with important OEMs. The TTI merger gives us market leadership positions across a broader spectrum of truck components, including approximately a 54% market share in brake drums and approximately a 36% market share in disc wheel hubs. We expect to benefit from the combined businesses' broad product portfolio, established brand names and dedicated sales force, all of which we believe will help us to maintain and improve our strong market position by enhancing our ability to cross-sell products, increase our content per vehicle and market ourselves as a broad-based provider of commercial vehicle components to our customers. Based on internal market data, we believe that we have a number one or number two market position with respect to the following products:

Market Position in Key Products

Product Line

  Brand
  Rank
Steel Wheels   Accuride   #1
Brake Drums   Gunite   #1
Disc Wheel Hubs   Gunite   #1
Spoke Wheels   Gunite   #1
Metal Grill and Crown Assemblies   Imperial   #1
Chrome Plating and Polishing   Imperial   #1
Forged Aluminum Wheels   Accuride   #2
Metal Bumpers   Imperial   #2
Fuel Tanks   Imperial   #2
Seating Assemblies   Bostrom   #2
    Significant and Increasing Profitability through Operational Excellence.  Over the past three years, we have significantly reduced our overall cost structure by rationalizing facilities, investing in increased automation and developing proprietary manufacturing processes. Additionally, our management team has aggressively implemented a management system and organization-wide culture focused on continuous operational improvement. This system tracks operating metrics on a weekly and monthly basis and performance is tied to employees' annual compensation. This ongoing program is designed to improve productivity, increase both quality and customer satisfaction and lower our cost base. These cost reduction efforts, in addition to the overall improvement in volume, have resulted in higher margins and profitability. We expect continued margin improvement as the benefits of improving market demand and a lower fixed cost base are more fully realized. Furthermore, the TTI merger provides the opportunity to create meaningful synergies in terms of rationalizing existing costs. We believe that combining the businesses will allow us to eliminate redundant corporate overhead expenses and reduce other costs through the consolidation of purchasing, research and development, information technology and sales and distribution.

    Diversified Business.  We believe that our product portfolio is one of the broadest in the North American commercial vehicle parts industry and provides us with a competitive advantage because it allows us to meet more of our customers' demands as they increasingly outsource production and seek to streamline their supplier base. Our diversification also enables us to capitalize on the growth in our different end markets and enhances our recognition and

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      reputation with our customer base. The following table describes our approximate 2004 pro forma net sales by product, end market and customer:


2004 Pro Forma Net Sales Breakdown

By Product   By End Market   By Customer

LOGO

 

LOGO

 

LOGO

Source: Management estimates.

    Strong, Long-Term Customer Relationships.  We have successfully developed strong relationships with all of the primary North American commercial vehicle OEMs by offering a broad range of high quality products through targeted sales and marketing efforts. We have a dedicated sales force located near major customers such as Freightliner, PACCAR and International with additional field personnel positioned throughout North America to service other OEMs, independent distributors and trucking fleets. In addition, our research and development department works closely with customer engineering groups on technology development teams that develop new proprietary products and improve existing products and manufacturing processes. Our strong customer relationships are reflected in the fact that for over ten years our products have been standard equipment at virtually all North American heavy- and medium-duty truck OEMs.  Accuride and TTI manufacture and sell products that target the same end customers and in some cases are sold to the same buying representatives at the commercial vehicle OEMs that we serve. Combining TTI's product lines with Accuride's allows our customers to acquire a greater number of critical components from a single source.

    Significant and Growing Aftermarket Presence.  The aftermarket represents a stable, recurring and higher margin portion of our business. Over the last three fiscal years, our pro forma aftermarket sales have grown at an annualized rate of 10.6%. We believe that our increased penetration is a direct result of our focus on the aftermarket. Furthermore, we believe that the TTI merger will widen our sales channels, particularly in the aftermarket where TTI has a strong presence, which will provide us with a broader distribution network to reach more customers.

    Significant Barriers to Entry.  Our businesses have considerable barriers to entry, including the following: (1) significant capital investment and research and development requirements, (2) stringent OEM technical and manufacturing requirements, (3) high switching costs for OEMs to shift production to new suppliers, (4) just-in-time delivery requirements to meet OEM volume demand, (5) strong name-brand recognition and (6) significant inter-continental shipping costs and unique North American design requirements limiting imports. Competition from non-U.S. manufacturers is relatively limited in the markets in which we compete due to factors including high shipping costs, customer concerns about quality given the safety aspect of many of our products, the need to be responsive to order changes on short notice, unique North American design requirements and the small labor component to most products.

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    State-of-the-Art Manufacturing Facilities.  Since 1999, we have invested over $200 million to expand, improve and optimize our facilities, including the wide use of robotics and increased automation. These investments have significantly lowered overall labor costs. Our state-of-the-art facilities have available capacity to meet projected demand for the vast majority of our products and require only modest capital expenditures to increase capacity selectively and lower overall manufacturing costs. Our facilities are strategically located within relative proximity of many of our customers, facilitating more effective and efficient customer service and lowering customer freight charges.

    Proven Management Team.  With an average of over 25 years of experience in heavy manufacturing and the commercial vehicle market, our management team is highly experienced and well respected in the industry. The expertise and strength of our management team has resulted in tangible successes in increasing market share and margins, rationalizing costs, managing working capital and developing our strong market presence and reputation as an industry leader. Most recently, our management team successfully led us through an industry downturn and implemented significant operational improvements.

Strategy

        We believe that our strong competitive position, in combination with the cost reduction initiatives that we have implemented since 1999, will enable us to benefit significantly from the anticipated growth in the North American heavy-duty truck market through increased sales and profitability. Specifically, key investments in our operations and increased capacity in addition to reduced headcount, improvement in manufacturing efficiencies and consolidation of manufacturing facilities have strengthened our competitive position. Accordingly, we believe that as truck build rates increase, we are well positioned to generate profits and margins that will compare favorably to those achieved at similar build rates during the last industry growth period. We are committed to enhancing our sales, profitability and cash flows through the following strategies:

    Focus on Operational Excellence and Efficiency.  We believe that we have a highly competitive cost structure compared with our competitors. Over the past several years, we have reduced our fixed costs and increased our operating efficiencies, resulting in a low fixed-cost structure. We have streamlined operations through reduced headcount, the addition of more efficient manufacturing capabilities and the consolidation and integration of some of our manufacturing plants. As a result, we have maintained our gross profit margin over the past several years despite an industry-wide downturn in heavy-duty truck builds from 2000 through 2003. Improvements in efficiencies have increased our manufacturing capacity, positioning us more favorably than in the past to meet the projected growth in North American demand for trucks. In 2004, we experienced an increase in raw material costs. To reduce our exposure to future cost increases, we have implemented a combination of price increases and surcharges.

    Enhance Market Position through Organic Growth and Revenue Synergies.  We have a multi-pronged growth strategy that includes initiatives to continue to increase market share, add new products and increase customer penetration. In addition, as a result of the TTI merger and our increased product offerings, we believe that there is an opportunity to cross-sell the products offered under each of our brand names and increase our market position in complementary heavy- and medium-duty truck components. Examples include increasing our aftermarket sales through the use of TTI's large and established distribution network, leveraging Accuride's long-standing truck and commercial trailer fleet relationships for TTI's products, expanding opportunities in the military market for TTI products, combining and enhancing product development functions and using Accuride's Monterrey, Mexico facility to establish our Imperial brand name in Mexico.

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    Realize Cost Synergies from TTI Merger.  The combination of Accuride and TTI provides the opportunity to create substantial synergies in terms of rationalizing existing costs, eliminating redundant corporate overhead expenses and reducing other costs through the consolidation of purchasing, research and development, information technology and sales and distribution functions. We intend to build on the success of our past cost improvement initiatives to further improve margins.

    Increase Products under Standard Supplier Arrangements.  We provide standard content to a majority of truck platforms at each of Freightliner, PACCAR, International and Volvo/Mack. We continue to focus on these relationships in order to become the standard supplier for additional truck platforms. We believe that we have significant opportunities to increase the number of platforms on which we are the standard supplier as well as the number of products for which we are the sole-source supplier. We also expect that an increase in our standard supplier positions will contribute to the continued growth of our aftermarket business.

    Build Upon Our Market Leading Product Portfolio.  As a result of the TTI merger, we believe that we have a market-leading portfolio of products targeting the commercial vehicle market. We intend to continue strengthening and expanding our product portfolio to further solidify our position as a leading supplier of commercial vehicle components. We expect to develop the portfolio through both internal product development efforts and through select acquisitions of strategic products. We have a market-driven approach to product development, leveraging our close relationships with commercial vehicle OEMs to quickly assess and react to market demand. Additionally, while our near-term focus will be on the successful integration of TTI, we will also continue to identify and pursue, where strategically and financially prudent, select acquisitions that complement our existing portfolio.

    Expand Truck Aftermarket Penetration.  Our success in growing our aftermarket business has led to a large installed base for our products and increased use of our replacement parts. Over the last three fiscal years, our pro forma aftermarket sales have grown at an annualized rate of 10.6%. We intend to continue our focus on increasing penetration in the aftermarket. We believe that our aftermarket opportunities will be somewhat insulated from any fluctuation in new truck production due to the record number of trucks produced in the past decade and our leading OEM market share positions.

    Reduce Indebtedness and Leverage. We currently anticipate reducing our indebtedness and taking steps to reduce our leverage by applying a significant portion of our net proceeds from this offering to repay certain of our outstanding indebtedness. We may also apply a portion of excess cash flow in future periods towards debt reduction in order to further reduce our leverage and increase our financial flexibility.

Customers

        We market our components to more than 1,000 customers, including most of the major North American heavy- and medium-duty truck and commercial trailer OEMs, as well as to the major aftermarket suppliers, including OEM dealer networks, wholesale distributors and aftermarket buying groups. Our largest customers are Freightliner, PACCAR, International and Volvo/Mack, which combined accounted for 56% of our pro forma net sales in 2004. We have long-term relationships with our larger customers, many of whom have purchased components from us or our predecessors for more than 45 years. We garner repeat business through our reputation for quality and position as a standard supplier for a variety of truck lines. We believe that we will continue to be able to effectively compete for our customers' business due to the high quality of our products, the breadth of our product portfolio and our continued innovation.

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Sales and Marketing

        We have an integrated, corporate-wide sales and marketing group. We have dedicated salespeople who reside near the headquarters of each of the four major truck OEMs and who spend substantially all of their professional time coordinating new sales opportunities and developing our relationship with the OEMs. These sales professionals function as a single point of contact with the OEMs, providing "one-stop shopping" for all of our products. Each brand has sales and marketing personnel who, together with sales engineers, have in-depth product knowledge and provide support to the designated OEM salespeople.

        We also have fleet sales coverage focused on our wheel-end and seating assembly markets who seek to develop relationships directly with fleets to create "pull-through" demand for our products. This effort is intended to help convince the truck OEMs to designate our products as standard equipment and to create sales by encouraging fleets to specify our products on the trucks that they purchase, even if our product is not standard equipment.

        In addition, we have an aftermarket sales coverage for our various products, particularly wheels, wheel-ends and seating assemblies. These salespeople promote and sell our products to the aftermarket, including OEM dealers, warehouse distributors and aftermarket buying groups. The size and effectiveness of this sales coverage has increased in recent years and has contributed to our growth in aftermarket sales.

Manufacturing

        We operate 17 manufacturing facilities, which are characterized by advanced manufacturing capabilities and six just-in-time sequencing facilities in North America. Our U.S. manufacturing operations are located in Alabama, California, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington and Wisconsin. In addition, we have manufacturing facilities in Canada and Mexico. These facilities are strategically located to meet our manufacturing needs and the demands of our customers. In particular, in our wheel-end and assembly market, we believe that our highly-integrated manufacturing operations provide us with a competitive advantage, as we are able to combine our high quality castings from our facilities in Brillion, Wisconsin and Rockford, Illinois with our machining, assembly, welding and painting operations in Elkhart, Indiana.

        All of our significant operations are QS-9000 certified, which means that they comply with certain quality assurance standards for truck components suppliers. We believe our manufacturing operations are highly regarded by our customers, and we have received numerous quality awards from our customers including PACCAR's Preferred Supplier award and Freightliner's Masters of Quality award.

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Properties

        The table below sets forth certain information regarding our material owned and leased properties. We believe these properties are suitable and adequate for our business.

Facility Overview

Location

  Business function
  Brands
Manufactured

  Owned/
Leased

  Size
(sq. feet)

Evansville, IN   Corporate Headquarters   Corporate   Leased   37,229
London, Ontario, Canada   Heavy- and Medium-duty Steel Wheels, Light Truck Steel Wheels   Accuride   Owned   536,259
Henderson, KY   Heavy- and Medium-duty Steel Wheels, R&D   Accuride   Owned   364,365
Monterrey, Mexico   Heavy- and Medium-duty Steel Wheels, Light Truck Wheels   Accuride   Owned   262,000
Erie, PA   Forging and Machining—Aluminum Wheels   Accuride   Leased   421,229
Cuyahoga Falls, OH   Machining and Polishing—Aluminum Wheels   Accuride   Leased   131,700
Taylor, MI   Warehouse   Accuride   Leased   75,000
Rockford, IL   Wheel-end Foundry, Warehouse, Administrative Office   Gunite   Owned   619,000
Elkhart, IN   Machining and Assembling—Hub, Drums and Rotors   Gunite   Owned   258,000
Elkhart, IN   Machining and Assembling—Automatic Slack Adjusters   Gunite   Leased   37,000
Bristol, IN   Warehouse   Gunite   Leased   108,000
Brillion, WI   Molding, Finishing, Farm Equipment, Administrative Office   Brillion   Owned   593,200
Portland, TN   Metal Fabricating, Stamping, Assembly, Administrative Office   Imperial   Leased   200,000
Portland, TN   Plating and Polishing   Imperial   Owned   86,000
Decatur, TX   Metal Fabricating, Stamping, Assembly, Machining and Polishing Shop   Imperial   Owned   122,000
Dublin, VA   Tube Bending, Assembly and Line Sequencing   Imperial   Owned/ Leased   116,000
Chehalis, WA   Metal Fabricating, Stamping, Assembly   Imperial   Owned   90,000
Piedmont, AL   Manufacturing, Administrative Office   Bostrom   Owned(a)   200,000
Livermore, CA   Manufacturing, Warehouse, Administrative Office   Fabco   Leased   56,800

(a)
This property is a leased facility for which we have an option to buy at any time for a nominal price.

Competition

        We operate in highly competitive markets. However, no single manufacturer competes with all of the products manufactured and sold by us in the heavy-duty truck market, and the degree of competition varies among the different products that we sell. In each of our markets, we compete on the basis of price, manufacturing and distribution capabilities, product quality, product design, breadth of product line, delivery and service.

        The competitive landscape for each of our brands is unique. Our primary competitors in the wheel markets include Alcoa Inc., ArvinMeritor, Inc. and Hayes Lemmerz International, Inc. The competition in the wheel-ends and assemblies markets for heavy-duty trucks and commercial trailers is ArvinMeritor, Consolidated Metco Inc., Hayes Lemmerz and Webb Wheel Products Inc. The truck body and chassis parts markets are fragmented and characterized by many small private companies. The seating assemblies market has a very limited number of competitors, with National Seating Company as our main competitor. Our major competitors in the industrial components market include 10 to 12 foundries operating in the Midwest and Southern regions of the United States.

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Raw Materials and Suppliers

        We typically purchase steel for our wheel products from a number of different suppliers by negotiating high-volume contracts with terms ranging from one to three years. While we believe that our supply contracts can be renewed on acceptable terms, we cannot assure you that such agreements can be renewed on such terms or at all. However, we do not believe that we are overly dependent on long-term supply contracts for our steel requirements as we have alternative sources available if need requires. Furthermore, it should be understood that the domestic steel industry is subject to major restructuring and is poorly positioned, due to a lack of raw materials, to respond to major volume increases. This may result in occasional industry allocations and surcharges.

        We obtain aluminum for our wheel products through third-party suppliers. We believe that aluminum is readily available from a variety of sources. While aluminum prices have been volatile, we have price agreements with our current supplier to minimize the impact of any price volatility.

        Major raw materials for our wheel-end and industrial component products are steel scrap and pig iron. We do not have any long-term contractual commitments with any steel scrap or pig iron suppliers, but do not anticipate having any difficulty in obtaining steel scrap or pig iron due to the large number of potential suppliers and our position as a major purchaser in the industry. A portion of increases in steel scrap prices for our wheel-ends and industrial components is passed through to most of our customers by way of a fluctuating surcharge, which is calculated and adjusted on a monthly or quarterly basis. Other major raw materials include silicon sand, binders, sand additives and coated sand, which are generally available from multiple sources. Coke and natural gas, the primary energy sources for our melting operations, have historically been generally available from multiple sources, and electricity, another of these energy sources, has historically been generally available.

        The main raw materials for our truck body and chassis parts are sheet and formed steel and aluminum. Price increases for these raw materials are passed through to our largest customers for those parts on a contractual basis. We purchase major fabricating and seating materials, such as fasteners, steel, foam, fabric and tube steel, from multiple sources, and these materials have historically been generally available.

Employees and Labor Unions

        As of December 31, 2004, we had approximately 4,800 employees, of which 995 were salaried employees with the remainder paid hourly. Approximately 2,300 employees, or 48% of the total, are represented by unions. We have collective bargaining agreements with several unions, including (1) the United Auto Workers, (2) the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, (3) the Paper, Allied-Industrial, Chemical & Energy Workers International Union, (4) the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, (5) the National Automobile, Aerospace, Transportation, and General Workers Union of Canada and (6) El Sindicato Industrial de Trabajadores de Nuevo Leon. In June 2004, employees at our Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility elected to be represented by the United Auto Workers. We are currently in negotiations of the initial contract. We do not anticipate that the unionization of the employees at our Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility will have an adverse effect on our operating costs.

        Each of our unionized facilities has a separate contract with the union that represents the workers employed at such facility. The union contracts expire at various times over the next few years. With the exception of our union contract with our hourly employees at our Monterrey, Mexico facility, which expires on an annual basis unless otherwise renewed, we do not have a union contract expiring before April 2005, at which time our union contract with the United Auto Workers covering hourly employees at our Rockford, Illinois facility will expire. Negotiations to renew this contract began on March 30, 2005.

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Intellectual Property

        We believe that our trademarks, patents, copyrights and other proprietary rights are important to our business. We have numerous trademarks, patents and copyrights in the United States and in certain foreign countries. We are not aware of any current or pending suits in connection with any of our trademarks, patents or copyrights.

Environmental Matters

        Our operations, facilities and properties are subject to extensive and evolving laws and regulations pertaining to air emissions, wastewater discharges, the handling and disposal of solid and hazardous materials and wastes, the investigation and remediation of contamination, and otherwise relating to health, safety and the protection of the environment and natural resources. As a result, we are involved from time to time in administrative or legal proceedings relating to environmental, health and safety matters, and have in the past and will continue to incur capital costs and other expenditures relating to such matters. In addition to environmental laws that regulate our subsidiaries' ongoing operations, our subsidiaries are also subject to environmental remediation liability. Under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, or CERCLA, and analogous state laws, our subsidiaries may be liable as a result of the release or threatened release of hazardous materials into the environment. Our subsidiaries are currently involved in several matters relating to the investigation and/or remediation of locations where they have arranged for the disposal of foundry and other wastes. Such matters include situations in which we have been named or are believed to be Potentially Responsible Parties under CERCLA or state laws in connection with the contamination of these sites. Additionally, environmental remediation may be required to address soil and groundwater contamination identified at certain facilities.

        As of December 31, 2004, we had a environmental reserve of approximately $2.8 million, related primarily to our foundry operations. This reserve is based on current cost estimates and does not reduce estimated expenditures to net present value, but does take into account the benefit of a contractual indemnity given to us by a prior owner of our wheel-end subsidiary. We cannot assure you, however, that the indemnitor will fulfill its obligations, and the failure to do so could result in future costs that may be material. Any cash expenditures required by us or our subsidiaries to comply with applicable environmental laws and/or to pay for any remediation efforts will not be reduced or otherwise affected by the existence of the environmental reserve. Our environmental reserve may not be adequate to cover our future costs related to the sites associated with the environmental reserve, and any additional costs may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. The discovery of additional sites, the modification of existing or the promulgation of new laws or regulations, more vigorous enforcement by regulators, the imposition of joint and several liability under CERCLA or analogous state laws, or other unanticipated events could also result in such a material adverse effect.

        As part of an initiative regarding compliance in the foundry industry, the EPA conducted an environmental multimedia inspection at Gunite's Rockford, Illinois plant in September and October 2003. Gunite received an administrative complaint from the EPA in January 2005 regarding alleged violations of certain registration and record maintenance regulations, with a proposed penalty in the amount of approximately $138,600. Gunite is reviewing the complaint and has not yet responded.

        The final Iron and Steel Foundry National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants, or NESHAP, was developed pursuant to Section 112(d) of the Clean Air Act and requires all major sources of hazardous air pollutants to install controls representative of maximum achievable control technology. We are evaluating the applicability of the Iron and Steel Foundry NESHAP to our foundry operations. If applicable, compliance with the Iron and Steel Foundry NESHAP may result in future significant capital costs, which we currently expect to be approximately $5 million in total during the period 2005 through 2007.

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Legal Proceedings

        As part of an initiative regarding compliance in the foundry industry, the EPA conducted an environmental multimedia inspection at Gunite's Rockford, Illinois plant in September and October 2003. Gunite received an administrative complaint from the EPA in January 2005 regarding alleged violations of certain registration and record maintenance regulations, with a proposed penalty in the amount of approximately $138,600. Gunite is reviewing the complaint and has not yet responded.

        We are involved in a variety of legal proceedings, including workers' compensation claims, OSHA investigations, employment disputes, unfair labor practice charges, customer and supplier disputes and product liability claims arising out of the conduct of our businesses. In our opinion, the ultimate outcome of these legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Our Sponsors

        Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. is one of the world's oldest and most experienced private equity firms specializing in management buyouts. KKR is an investor in our company.

        Trimaran Capital Partners is a private asset management firm headquartered in New York, with assets under management in excess of $3.8 billion. Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C., an affiliate of Trimaran Capital Partners, is the managing member of Trimaran Fund II, L.L.C., Trimaran Parallel Fund II, L.P., Trimaran Capital, L.L.C., CIBC Employee Private Equity Fund (Trimaran) Partners and CIBC Capital Corporation. Trimaran Capital Partners, through its affiliated entity, Trimaran Advisors, L.L.C., formerly Caravelle Advisors, L.L.C., manages a portfolio of bank loans, high yield securities and special situation investments. Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C., a fund managed by Trimaran Advisors, is also an investor in our company.

        As of March 4, 2005, entities affiliated with KKR and entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. beneficially owned approximately 56.4% and 25.5% of our outstanding common stock, respectively (these beneficial ownership interests include a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of our common stock that are issuable upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005). In addition, pursuant to a management services agreement among, us, KKR and Trimaran, KKR has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $665,000, while Trimaran has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $335,000.

Internal Control over Financial Reporting

        Internal control over financial reporting refers to the process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that:

(1)
pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;

(2)
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and

88


(3)
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

        Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company.

        In connection with the completion of its audit of, and the issuance of an unqualified report on, TTI's financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2004, our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, identified deficiencies involving internal controls of TTI that it considers to be reportable conditions that constitute material weaknesses pursuant to standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. The material weaknesses noted include: (1) weaknesses related to field level controls at TTI's Gunite and Brillion locations, which demonstrated local managements' lack of consistent understanding and compliance with TTI's policies and procedures and which included errors that resulted in certain book to physical inventory adjustments; and (2) a weakness related to the corporate level financial reporting, which consisted of the failure to adequately review the work of a third party actuarial consultant requiring an adjustment to our workers' compensation liability.

        In response to the material weaknesses identified by Deloitte & Touche LLP in respect to the internal control over financial reporting, management is implementing additional procedures and controls to remediate the material weaknesses. Actions being taken by management to remediate the material weaknesses with respect to TTI's Gunite and Brillion locations include: (i) monitor compliance with TTI's policies and procedures at the operating locations; (ii) develop targeted site reviews for locations that possess the weakest records of complying with TTI's policies and procedures; (iii) re-emphasize the importance of policies and procedures through continued training of operating location management of written policies and procedures; and (iv) dedicate additional review time to account reconciliations and analyses being performed by new accounting staff or when being prepared by an individual for the first time. Actions to be taken by management with respect to TTI's financial reporting controls include: (i) strengthen preventive controls; and (ii) review all assumptions and data provided to TTI by third party service providers.

        We acquired TTI on January 31, 2005, and it may not be possible for us to complete an assessment of TTI's internal control over financial reporting during the period from consummation of the TTI merger to the date of management's assessment under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Pursuant to FAQ 3 of the SEC's Securities Act Release No. 34-47986 (June 5, 2003), if we are unable to complete an assessment of TTI's internal control over financial reporting for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2005, then management of the Company expects to exclude TTI from management's report on internal control over financial reporting under Section 404. Pursuant to FAQ 9 of the Securities Act Release No. 34-47986 (June 5, 2003), the changes to TTI's internal control over financial reporting will be disclosed in the Company's 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K, rather than in quarterly reports until the earlier of the completion of the remediation process or the 2006 Form 10-K. Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2004 for TTI were $588.3 million. Unless the material weaknesses described above, or any other material weaknesses identified in the future by us, are remedied prior to December 31, 2006, management will not be able to state in its evaluation that internal control over financial reporting is effective at a reasonable assurance level under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

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MANAGEMENT

Executive Officers and Directors

        Set forth below is information concerning our directors and executive officers, including their respective ages as of March 4, 2005. KKR and Trimaran each have the right to appoint four and three members, respectively, to our board.

Name

  Age
  Position(s)
Terrence J. Keating   55   Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
Andrew M. Weller   58   Director, Executive Vice President/Components Operations & Integration
John R. Murphy   54   Executive Vice President/Finance and Chief Financial Officer
David K. Armstrong   48   Senior Vice President/General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
James D. Cirar   58   Senior Vice President/Gunite and Brillion Operations
Elizabeth I. Hamme   54   Senior Vice President/Human Resources
Henry L. Taylor   50   Senior Vice President/Sales and Marketing
James H. Greene, Jr.   54   Director
Todd A. Fisher   39   Director
Frederick M. Goltz   33   Director
Jay R. Bloom   49   Director
Mark D. Dalton   43   Director
James C. Momtazee   33   Director
Charles E. Mitchell Rentschler   65   Director
Donald C. Roof   53   Director

        Terrence J. Keating has served as Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of the Company since May 2002. He began his career with us in December 1996 and has formerly served as Vice President/Operations and Senior Vice President and General Manager/Wheels. Mr. Keating holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering Technology from Purdue University and an M.B.A. in Operations from Indiana University.

        Andrew M. Weller has served as Executive Vice President/Components Operations & Integration and as a director since February 2005. Mr. Weller served as President and Chief Operating Officer of TTI from January 2000 to August 2004 and as TTI's President and Chief Executive Officer from August 2004 to January 2005. Mr. Weller also served as a director of TTI from September 1994 to January 2005. He formerly served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of TTI from September 1994 to January 2000. Mr. Weller has also been Senior Managing Director of, and a partner in, TMB Industries since September 1994.

        John R. Murphy has served as Executive Vice President/Finance and Chief Financial Officer of the Company since March 1998. Mr. Murphy also serves as a director of O'Reilly Automotive, Inc., where he is the Chairman of its audit committee and a member of the governance/nominating committee. Mr. Murphy holds a B.S. in Accounting from the Pennsylvania State University and an M.B.A. from the University of Colorado.

        James D. Cirar has served as Senior Vice President/Gunite and Brillion Operations since February 2005. Mr. Cirar served as a director of TTI from January 2000 to January 2005. From January 2001 to January 2005, he served as an Executive Vice President of TTI and as the President and Chief Executive Officer of TTI's Foundry Group. From January 2000 through December 2000, Mr. Cirar served as a Senior Vice President of TTI and as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Gunite Corporation. Mr. Cirar was Chairman of Johnstown America Corporation and Freight Car

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Services, Inc. from September 1998 to June 1999 and Senior Vice President of Johnstown America Industries, Inc. from July 1997 to June 1999. Mr. Cirar is also a director of FreightCar America, Inc.

        David K. Armstrong has served as Senior Vice President/General Counsel and Corporate Secretary for the Company since October 1998. Mr. Armstrong holds a B.S. and MAcc in Accounting and a Juris Doctorate, all from Brigham Young University.

        Elizabeth I. Hamme has served as Senior Vice President/Human Resources since February 1995. Ms. Hamme holds a B.A. in Political Science and an M.A. in Adult Education from George Washington University.

        Henry L. Taylor has served as Senior Vice President/Sales and Marketing since July 2002. He formerly served as Vice President/Marketing from April 1996 to June 2002. Mr. Taylor holds a B.S. in Marketing and Management from the University of Nevada, Reno and has completed graduate courses in business at the University of Nevada, Reno, St. Louis University and Case Western University.

        James H. Greene, Jr. has been a director since January 1998. He has been a member of KKR & Co., L.L.C., the limited liability company which serves as the general partner to KKR, since January 1996. He is also a director of Alliance Imaging, Inc., Owens-Illinois, Inc., Shoppers Drug Mart Corporation, and Zhone Technologies, Inc.

        Todd A. Fisher has been a director since January 1998. He has been a member of KKR & Co., L.L.C. since January 2001 and was an executive of KKR from June 1993 to December 2000. Mr. Fisher is also a director of Alea Group Holding Ltd., BRW-Parent of Bristol West Holdings, Inc., Rockwood Specialties, Inc. and Vendex KBB N.V.

        Frederick M. Goltz has been a director since June 1999. He has been an executive of KKR since March 1995, with the exception of the period from July 1997 to July 1998 during which time he earned an MBA at INSEAD. Mr. Goltz is also a director of Texas Genco LLC.

        Jay R. Bloom has been a director since February 2005. From March 2000 to January 2005, Mr. Bloom served as a director of TTI. Mr. Bloom is a founder, and has served as a managing partner, of Trimaran Fund Management, L.L.C since February 1999. Mr. Bloom has also served as a managing director and vice chairman of CIBC World Markets Corp. since August 1995, and as co-head of the CIBC Argosy Merchant Banking Funds since August 1995. Mr. Bloom is also a director of Educational Services of America, Inc., Norcross Safety Product L.L.C., FreightCar America, Inc., Norcraft Companies, L.P. and NSP Holdings, LLC. Mr. Bloom currently serves as a member of the Cornell University's Undergraduate Business Program Advisory Counsel, Performance Measures Task Force, Johnson Graduate School of Management Advisory Counsel and the Cornell University Council.

        Mark D. Dalton has been a director since February 2005. From March 2000 to January 2005, Mr. Dalton served as a director of TTI. Mr. Dalton has served as a managing director of Trimaran Fund Management, L.L.C since August 2001. From December 1996 to August 2001, Mr. Dalton served as a managing director in the Leveraged Finance Group of CIBC World Markets Corp. Mr. Dalton is also a director of FreightCar America, Inc.

        James C. Momtazee has been a director since March 2005. Mr. Momtazee has been an executive of KKR since 1996. Mr. Momtazee is also a director of Alliance Imaging, Inc.

        Charles E. Mitchell Rentschler has been a director since March 2005. Mr. Rentschler has been a partner with Langenberg & Company, a private industrial securities research firm, since August 2003. From 2001 to 2002, Mr. Rentschler was an independent business consultant providing general business consulting services to the foundry industry. Mr. Rentschler served as President and Chief Executive Officer of The Hamilton Foundry & Machine Co. from 1985 until 2001. The Hamilton Foundry and Machine Co. filed a petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code on October 10, 2000. Mr. Rentschler currently serves on the audit committee of Hurco Companies, Inc.

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        Donald C. Roof has been a director since March 2005. Mr. Roof has been the Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Joy Global Inc. since June 2001. From May 1999 to February 2001, Mr. Roof served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Heafner Tire Group, Inc. Mr. Roof previously served on the audit committee of Fansteel Inc. from September 2000 to March 2003.

Composition of the Board of Directors after the Offering

        Upon the consummation of this offering our board of directors will consist of ten members. The rules of the New York Stock Exchange require that a majority of our board of directors qualify as "independent" according to the rules and regulations of the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange no later than the first anniversary of the closing. We intend to comply with these requirements.

Committees of the Board of Directors

        Our board of directors currently has an audit committee and a compensation committee. Upon the consummation of the offering, our board of directors will have an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee. Our board of directors may also establish from time to time any other committees that it deems necessary or advisable.

    Audit Committee

        The audit committee of our board of directors recommends the appointment of our independent auditors, reviews our internal accounting procedures, risk assessment procedures and financial statements and consults with and reviews the services provided by our independent auditors, including the results and scope of their audit. The audit committee currently consists of Messrs. Greene, Fisher and Goltz. The composition of the audit committee will be required to comply with the independence requirements of the SEC and the New York Stock Exchange, including the designation of an "audit committee financial expert." Immediately following the consummation of the offering, the audit committee is expected to consist of Mr. Roof, whom we will designate as the audit committee financial expert and chairman, and Mr. Rentschler. The composition of the audit committee will comply with SEC and New York Stock Exchange requirements. Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for our audit committee, which will be posted on our website.

    Compensation Committee

        The compensation committee of our board of directors reviews and recommends to the board of directors the compensation and benefits of our executive officers, administers our stock plans and establishes and reviews general policies relating to compensation and benefits of our employees. The compensation committee currently consists of Messrs. Greene, Fisher and Goltz, with Mr. Greene as Chairman. Each member of the compensation committee is a "non-employee" director within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 of the rules promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Immediately following the consummation of the offering, the compensation committee is expected to consist of Mr. Greene, whom we will designate as compensation committee chairman, Mr. Goltz and Mr. Rentschler. Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for our compensation committee, which will be posted on our website.

    Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

        The nominating and corporate governance committee of our board of directors will, subject to the terms of our stockholders' agreement, identify individuals qualified to become board members and recommend candidates for election to the board of directors, and consider and make recommendations to the board of directors regarding the size and composition of the board, committee structure and

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makeup and retirement procedures affecting board members. The nominating and corporate governance committee will also monitor our performance in meeting our obligations of fairness in internal and external matters and our principles of corporate governance. Immediately following consummation of the offering, the nominating and corporate governance committee is expected to consist of Messrs. Goltz, Greene and Roof. The composition of the nominating and corporate committee will comply with SEC and New York Stock Exchange requirements. Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for our nominating and corporate governance committee, which will be posted on our website.

    Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

        Messrs. Greene, Fisher, and Goltz, with Mr. Greene as chairman, currently serve as the members of the compensation committee. Immediately following the consummation of the offering, Messrs. Greene, Goltz and Rentschler, with Mr. Greene as chairman, shall serve as members of the compensation committee. Messrs. Greene and Fisher are members of KKR 1996 GP L.L.C., which beneficially owns approximately 56.4% of our outstanding common stock, and members of KKR & Co., L.L.C., which serves as general partner of KKR. Mr. Goltz is an executive of KKR & Co., L.L.C. None of our executive officers serves as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any other company that has one or more of its executive officers serving as a member of our board of directors or compensation committee.

Corporate Governance

        We have adopted a written code of conduct that is designed to deter wrongdoing and to promote:

    honest and ethical conduct;

    full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable disclosure in reports and documents that we file with the SEC and in our other public communications;

    compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations, including insider trading compliance; and

    accountability for adherence to the code and prompt internal report of violations of the code, including illegal or unethical behavior regarding accounting or auditing practices.

        The audit committee of our board of directors will review our code of ethics on a regular basis and will propose or adopt additions or amendments as it considers required or appropriate. Our code of ethics will be posted on our website.

Director Compensation

        Directors employed by us do not receive any separate compensation for services performed as a director. Those directors not otherwise employed by us currently receive a $30,000 annual retainer. Following consummation of the offering, each non-employee director will receive a $45,000 annual retainer, the chairmen of the audit and compensation committees will receive additional annual retainers of $15,000 and $10,000, respectively, while other members of these committees will receive an additional $5,000 annual retainer. At the election of the non-employee directors, the retainers will be payable in either cash or in shares of our common stock. Prior to the consummation of the offering, we expect to issue to each of our non-employee directors under the Accuride Corporation 2005 Incentive Award Plan an option to purchase 13,900 shares of our common stock at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. We anticipate that the exercise price will be $18.00 per share, or the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. Such options will vest and become exercisable in one-third increments over a three year period on each anniversary of the date of grant. We reimburse directors for expenses incurred in connection with attendance at board or committee meetings.

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Executive Compensation

        The following table sets forth the cash and non-cash compensation for services in all capacities to us for 2002, 2003 and 2004 of (1) our Chief Executive Officer and (2) our four most highly compensated executive officers other than the Chief Executive Officer who were serving as executive officers as of December 31, 2004. We refer to these officers as the "named executive officers."


Summary Compensation Table

 
   
   
   
   
  Long Term Compensation
   
 
   
  Annual Compensation
  Awards
  Payouts
   
Name and Principal Position

  Year
  Salary
  Bonus
  Other Annual
Compensation
(a)

  Restricted
Stock
Award(s)

  Securities
Underlying
Options/SARs

  LTIP
Payouts

  All Other
Compensation
(b)

Terrence J. Keating(a)
(President and Chief Executive Officer)
  2004
2003
2002
  $
$
$
365,137
330,000
282,920
  $
$
$
289,988
352,249
139,432
  $
$
$
26,232
10,066
11,940
 

  17,810

189,846
 

  $
$
$
300,000
119,423
74,907

John R. Murphy
(Executive Vice President/Finance & CFO)

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

296,480
283,500
275,625

 

$
$
$

248,642
374,092
267,300

 

$
$
$

16,992
9,499
10,111

 




 

14,925

121,071

 




 

$
$
$

337,817
120,769
91,312

David K. Armstrong
(Senior Vice President/General Counsel)

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

209,885
200,700
193,700

 

$
$
$

119,035
176,556
124,542

 

$
$
$

14,446
9,588
13,764

 




 

11,940

79,998

 




 

$
$
$

94,697
53,769
44,492

Elizabeth I. Hamme
(Senior Vice President/Human Resources)

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

187,355
179,160
172,965

 

$
$
$

106,260
157,607
111,236

 

$
$
$

9,603
9,479
10,252

 




 

11,940

79,998

 




 

$
$
$

190,715
52,930
36,682

Henry L. Taylor
(Senior Vice President/Sales and Marketing)

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

177,850
170,040
160,860

 

$
$
$

101,039
128,925
79,751

 

$
$
$

10,924
9,391
8,919

 




 

11,940

79,998

 




 

$
$
$

48,530
44,416
9,752

(a)
Compensation includes financial planning service fees, vacation sold, overseas travel incentive, and gross-ups on financial planning and gift certificate as follows:

 
  Year
  Financial
Planning
Service Fees
Plus Gross-up

  Vacation
Sold

  Gift
Certificate/
Award Plus
Gross-up

  Overseas
Travel
Incentive

Mr. Keating   2004
2003
2002
  $
$
$
9,478
10,030
10,111
  $

16,754

 
$

36
 

$
    

1,829

Mr. Murphy

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

9,478
9,355
10,111

 

$


7,442


 

$
$

71
144

 

 




Mr. Armstrong

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

9,531
9,443
10,215

 

$


4,863


 

$
$
$

72
145
37

 



$



3,512

Ms. Hamme

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

9,531
9,443
10,215

 

 




 

$
$
$

72
36
37

 

 




Mr. Taylor

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

9,478
9,355
8,882

 

$


1,374


 

$
$
$

72
36
37

 

 



94


(b)
Compensation includes contributions made by the Company to the employees' non-qualified retirement plans, qualified savings plan (company match and/or profit sharing), the Executive Life Insurance Plan (which provides employees with a bonus to pay for a universal life insurance policy that is fully owned by the employee), personal excess umbrella insurance coverage and gross-ups as set forth below:

 
  Year
  Non-Qualified
Retirement
Plans
Plus Gross-Up

  Company
Match &
Profit
Sharing

  ELIP
Premiums
Plus Gross-up

  Umbrella
Insurance
Premium
Plus
Gross-up

  Distribution
Upon
Termination of
Supplemental
Savings Plan

Mr. Keating   2004
2003
2002
  $
$
$
78,427
69,017
35,689
  $
$
$
20,493
25,681
5,000
  $
$
$
43,653
22,607
32,277
  $
$
$
2,297
2,118
1,941
  $

155,130


Mr. Murphy

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

48,119
63,728
52,695

 

$
$
$

18,328
25,148
5,000

 

$
$
$

29,775
29,775
29,775

 

$
$
$

2,297
2,118
3,842

 

$


239,298


Mr. Armstrong

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

12,918
17,969
15,008

 

$
$
$

14,012
19,383
4,615

 

$
$
$

15,000
15,000
14,654

 

$
$
$

1,446
1,417
10,215

 

$


51,321


Ms. Hamme

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

10,252
15,823
12,214

 

$
$
$

12,886
17,069
4,324

 

$
$
$

18,621
18,621
18,203

 

$
$
$

1,446
1,417
1,941

 

$


147,510


Mr. Taylor

 

2004
2003
2002

 

$
$
$

8,487
9,946
5,108

 

$
$
$

12,848
16,058
3,490

 

$
$

17,005
17,005

 

$
$
$

1,436
1,407
1,154

 

$


8,754

        Effective February 1, 2005, Messrs. Weller and Cirar joined Accuride as executive officers as a result of the TTI merger. Mr. Weller serves as Executive Vice President/Components Operations & Integration with a base salary of $550,000. Mr. Cirar serves as Senior Vice President/Gunite & Brillion Operations with a base salary of $443,000. Please see "Employment Agreements."

Stock Option Grants in 2004

        The following table sets forth information regarding stock options we granted during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 to the named executive officers. We granted options to purchase common stock equal to a total of 153,660 shares during 2004. Potential realizable values are net of exercise price before taxes, and are based on the assumption that our common stock appreciates at the annual rate shown, compounded annually, from the date of grant until expiration of the ten-year term. These numbers are calculated based on SEC requirements and do not reflect our projection or estimate of future stock price growth.

95



Option/SAR Grants in Last Fiscal Year

 
  Individual Grants
   
   
 
  Number of
Shares of
Common
Stock
Underlying
Option/
SARs
Granted

   
   
   
  Potential Realizable
Value at Assumed
Annual Rates of Stock
Price Appreciation for
Option Term

 
  Percentage
of Total
Options/
SARs
Granted to
Employees
in FY 2004

   
   
 
  Exercise
or Base
Price Per
Share

   
 
  Expiration
Date

 
  5%
  10%
Terrence J. Keating   17,730   12.9 % $ 2.9611   3/8/14   $ 33,017   $ 83,671
John R. Murphy   14,775   10.8 % $ 2.9611   3/8/14   $ 27,514   $ 69,726
David K. Armstrong   11,820   8.6 % $ 2.9611   3/8/14   $ 22,011   $ 55,781
Elizabeth I. Hamme   11,820   8.6 % $ 2.9611   3/8/14   $ 22,011   $ 55,781
Henry L. Taylor   11,820   8.6 % $ 2.9611   3/8/14   $ 22,011   $ 55,781

Options/Option Exercises/SARs/Restricted Stock

        The following table gives information for options exercised by each of the named executive officers in 2004 and the value (stock price less exercise price) of the remaining options held by those executive officers at year end, using management's estimate of the common stock value on December 31, 2004:


Aggregated Option/SAR Exercises in Last Fiscal Year
and Fiscal Year-End Option/SAR Values

 
   
   
  Number of Securities
Underlying Unexercised
Options/SARs at Fiscal
Year-End

  Value of Unexercised
In-the-Money
Options/SARs at Fiscal
Year-End(a)

Name

  Shares
Acquired on
Exercise

  Value
Realized

  Exercisable
  Unexercisable
  Exercisable
  Unexercisable
Terrence Keating   0   $ 0   180,846   62,646    
John R. Murphy   0   $ 0   171,300   46,187    
David K. Armstrong   0   $ 0   97,810   31,028    
Elizabeth I. Hamme   0   $ 0   97,810   31,028    
Henry L. Taylor   0   $ 0   97,810   31,028    

Pension Plan Disclosure

        The Accuride Cash Balance Pension Plan, which we refer to as the Retirement Plan, covers certain employees of the Company. Under the Retirement Plan, each participant has a "cash balance account" which is established for bookkeeping purposes only. Each year, each participant's cash balance account is credited with a percentage of the participant's earnings (as defined in the Retirement Plan). The percentage ranges from 2% to 11.5%, depending on the participant's age, years of service and date of participation in the Retirement Plan. If a participant has excess earnings above the Social Security taxable wage base, then an additional 2% of the excess earnings amount is credited to the participant's account. Participants' accounts also are credited with interest each year, based upon the rates payable on certain U.S. Treasury debt instruments. Employees first becoming participants after January 1, 1998 also receive an additional credit for their first year of service.

        A participant's benefit at normal retirement age, if calculated as a lump sum payment, equals the balance of his or her cash balance account. The actuarial equivalent of the account balance also can be paid as a single life annuity, a qualified joint and survivor annuity, or an alternative form of payment allowed under the Retirement Plan.

96



        The estimated annual benefits payable upon retirement at normal retirement age (assuming continued compensation at the present amounts until normal retirement age, crediting of interest at a 6% rate and disregarding future cost-of-living increases in the Social Security wage base and qualified plan compensation and benefit limits), for each of the following named executive officers are:

Terrence J. Keating   $ 44,000
John R. Murphy   $ 44,300
David K. Armstrong   $ 66,000
Elizabeth I. Hamme   $ 44,800
Henry L. Taylor   $ 56,700

Equity Incentive Plans

        In connection with this offering, we will be adopting the Accuride Corporation 2005 Incentive Award Plan, which we refer to as the Incentive Plan. Upon adoption of the Incentive Plan no further options will be granted under our current 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan for Employees of Accuride Corporation and Subsidiaries, which we refer to as the 1998 Plan. On March 4, 2005, options to purchase 1,424,344 shares of our common stock remained outstanding under the 1998 Plan.

        Prior to the consummation of this offering, our board of directors and stockholders will approve the Incentive Plan. Once approved, the Incentive Plan will terminate on the earlier of ten years after stockholder approval or when the board of directors terminates the Incentive Plan. The Incentive Plan will provide for the grant of incentive stock options, or ISOs, as defined in section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, nonstatutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, or SARs, deferred stock, dividend equivalent rights, performance awards and stock payments, which we refer to collectively as Awards, to our employees, consultants and directors.

    Share Reserve

        The Incentive Plan will reserve for issuance upon grant or exercise of Awards up to 1,633,988 shares of our common stock. Once the Incentive Plan becomes subject to Section 162(m) of the Code, no more than 500,000 shares may be granted pursuant to Awards settled in stock or $1,000,000 of performance awards settled in cash which are intended to be performance based compensation within the meaning of Code Section 162(m) to any one participant in a 12 month period. The shares subject to the Incentive Plan, the limitations on the number of shares that may be awarded under the Incentive Plan and shares and option prices subject to awards outstanding under the Incentive Plan will be adjusted as the plan administrator deems appropriate to reflect stock dividends, stock splits, combinations or exchanges of shares, mergers, consolidations, spin-offs, recapitalizations or other distributions of our assets. As of the date hereof, no shares of common stock or Awards have been granted under the Incentive Plan.

        Shares withheld for taxes, shares used to pay the exercise price of an option in a net exercise and shares tendered to us to pay the exercise price of an option or other Award may be available for future grants of Awards under the Incentive Plan. In addition, shares subject to stock Awards that have expired, been forfeited or otherwise terminated without having been exercised may be subject to new Awards. Shares issued under the Incentive Plan may be previously authorized but unissued shares or reacquired shares bought on the open market or otherwise.

    Administration

        Generally, the compensation committee of our board of directors will administer the Incentive Plan. However, with respect to Awards made to our non-employee directors or to individuals subject to

97


Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the full board will act as the administrator of the Incentive Plan. The committee or the full board, as appropriate, has the authority to

    select the individuals who will receive Awards;

    determine the type or types of Awards to be granted;

    determine the number of Awards to be granted and the number of shares to which the Award relates;

    determine the terms and conditions of any Award, including the exercise price and vesting;

    determine the terms of settlement of any Award;

    prescribe the form of Award agreement;

    establish, adopt or revise rules for administration of the Incentive Plan;

    interpret the terms of the Incentive Plan and any matters arising under the Incentive Plan; and

    make all other decisions and determinations as may be necessary to administer the Incentive Plan.

        The compensation committee may delegate its authority to grant or amend Awards with respect to participants other than senior executive officers, employees covered by Section 162(m) of the Code or the officers to whom the authority to grant or amend Awards has been delegated.

        The compensation committee, with the approval of the board, may also amend the Incentive Plan. Amendments to the Incentive Plan are subject to stockholder approval to the extent required by law, or the New York Stock Exchange rules or regulations. Additionally, stockholder approval will be specifically required to increase the number of shares available for issuance under the Incentive Plan or to extend the term of an option beyond ten years.

    Eligibility

        Awards under the Incentive Plan may be granted to individuals who are our employees or employees of our subsidiaries, our non-employee directors and our consultants and advisors. However, options which are intended to qualify as ISOs may only be granted to employees.

    Awards

        The following will briefly describe the principal features of the various Awards that may be granted under the Incentive Plan.

        Options.    Options provide for the right to purchase our common stock at a specified price, and usually will become exercisable at the discretion of the compensation committee in one or more installments after the grant date. The option exercise price may be paid in cash, by check, shares of our common stock which have been held by the option holder for at least six months, other property with value equal to the exercise price, through a broker assisted cashless exercise or such other methods as the compensation committee may approve from time to time. The compensation committee may at any time substitute SARs for options granted under the Incentive Plan. Options may take two forms, nonstatutory stock options, or NSOs, and incentive stock options, or ISOs.

        NSOs may be granted for any term specified by the compensation committee, but shall not exceed ten years. NSOs will also provide for exercise for a period of at least one year after the participant's death. NSOs may be granted at an exercise price that is less than the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant, but not less than 85% of the fair market value on such date.

98



        ISOs will be designed to comply with the relevant provisions of the Code, including regulations promulgated thereunder, and will be subject to certain restrictions contained in the Code in order to qualify as ISOs. Among such restrictions ISOs must:

    have an exercise price not less than the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant or, if granted, to certain individuals who own or are deemed to own at least 10% of the total combined voting power of all of our classes of stock, or 10% stockholders, then such exercise price may not be less than 110% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant;

    be granted only to our employees and employees of our subsidiary corporations;

    expire with a specified time following the option holders termination of employment;

    be exercised within ten years after the date of grant, or with respect to 10% stockholders, no more than five years after the date of grant; and

    not be first exercisable for more than $100,000 worth, determined based on the exercise price.

        No ISO may be granted under the Incentive Plan after 10 years from the date the Incentive Plan is approved by our stockholders.

        Restricted Stock.    A restricted stock award is the grant of shares of our common stock at a price determined by the compensation committee (which price may be zero), is nontransferable and, unless otherwise determined by the compensation committee at the time of award, may be forfeited upon termination of employment or service during a restricted period. The compensation committee will also determine in the award agreement whether the participant will be entitled to vote the shares of restricted stock and or receive dividends on such shares.

        Stock Appreciation Rights.    SARs provide for the payment to the holder based upon increases in the price of our common stock over a set base price. SARs may be granted in connection with stock options or other Awards or separately. SARs granted in connection with options will be exercisable only when and to the extent the option is exercisable and will entitle the holder only to the difference between the option exercise price and the fair market value of our common stock on the date of exercise. Payment for SARs may be made in our common stock only.

        Restricted Stock Units.    Restricted stock units represent the right to receive shares of our common stock at a specified date in the future, subject to forfeiture of such right. If the restricted stock unit has not been forfeited, then on the date specified in the restricted stock unit we will deliver to the holder of the restricted stock unit, unrestricted shares of our common stock which will be freely transferable.

        Dividend Equivalents.    Dividend equivalents represent the value of the dividends per share we pay, calculated with reference to the number of shares covered by an Award (other than a dividend equivalent award) held by the participant.

        Performance Awards.    Performance awards are denominated in shares of our common stock and are linked to satisfaction of performance criteria established by the compensation committee. If the compensation committee determines that the Award is intended to meet the requirements of "qualified performance based compensation" and is therefore deductible under Section 162(m) of the Code, then the performance criteria on which the Award will be based will be with reference to any one or more of the following: net earnings (either before or after interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization), economic value-added (as determined by the committee), sales or revenue, net income (either before or after taxes), operating earnings, cash flow (including, but not limited to, operating cash flow and free cash flow), return on capital, return on assets (net or gross), return on stockholders' equity, return on sales, gross or net profit margin, productivity, expense margins, operating efficiency, customer satisfaction, working capital, earnings per share, price per share and market share, any of which may be

99



measured either in absolute terms or as compared to any incremental increase or as compared to results of a peer group.

        Stock Payments.    Payments to participants of bonuses or other compensation may be made under the Incentive Plan in the form of our common stock.

        Deferred Stock.    Deferred stock typically is awarded without payment of consideration and is subject to vesting conditions, including satisfaction of performance criteria. Like restricted stock, deferred stock may not be sold or otherwise transferred until the vesting conditions are removed or expire. Unlike restricted stock, deferred stock is not actually issued until the deferred stock award has vested. Recipients of deferred stock also will have no voting or dividend rights prior to the time when the vesting conditions are met and the deferred stock is delivered.

    Changes in Control

        Upon a change in control as defined in the Incentive Plan, all Awards will fully vest, become payable and all restrictions will lapse. In addition, the compensation committee may cause the Awards to terminate but will give the holder of the Awards the right to exercise their outstanding Awards or receive their other rights under the Awards outstanding for some period of time prior to the change in control. All SARs will automatically terminate and be paid out in connection with a change in control.

    Adjustments upon Certain Events

        The number and kind of securities subject to an Award and the exercise price or base price may be adjusted in the discretion of the committee to reflect any stock dividends, stock splits, combinations or exchanges of shares, mergers, consolidations, spin-offs, recapitalizations or other distributions (other than normal cash dividends) of our assets to stockholders, or other similar changes affecting the shares. In addition, upon such events, the compensation committee may provide for (1) the termination of any Awards in exchange for cash equal to the amount the holder would otherwise be entitled if he or she had exercised the Award, (2) the full vesting, exercisability or payment of any Award, (3) the assumption of such Award by any successor, (4) the replacement of such Award with other rights or property, (5) the adjustment of the number, type of chares and/or the terms and conditions of the Awards which may be granted in the future or (6) the result that Awards cannot vest, be exercised or become payable after such event.

    Awards Not Transferable

        Generally the Awards may not be pledged, assigned or otherwise transferred other than by will or by laws of descent and distribution. The compensation committee may allow Awards other than ISOs to be transferred for estate or tax planning purposes to members of the holder's family, charitable institutions or trusts for the benefit of family members. In addition, the compensation committee may allow Awards to be transferred to so-called "blind trusts" by a holder of an Award who is terminating employment in connection with the holder's service with the government or an educational or other non-profit institution.

    Miscellaneous

        As a condition to the issuance or delivery of stock or payment of other compensation pursuant to the exercise or lapse of restrictions on any Award, we require participants to discharge all applicable withholding tax obligations. Shares held by or to be issued to a participant may also be used to discharge tax withholding obligations, subject to the discretion of the compensation committee to disapprove of such use.

100


        The Incentive Plan will expire and no further Awards may be granted after the tenth anniversary of its approval by our stockholders or, if later, the approval by our board of directors.

1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan

        In early 1998, we adopted the 1998 Plan, which provides for the issuance of a maximum of 1,918,977 shares of common stock, subject to adjustment to reflect certain events such as stock dividends, stock splits, recapitalizations, mergers or reorganizations of, or by, us. The 1998 Plan is intended to assist us in attracting and retaining employees of outstanding ability and to promote the identification of their interests with those of our stockholders.

        Accuride's officers or full-time employees are eligible to be selected by the board's compensation committee to participate in the 1998 Plan. The 1998 Plan permits the compensation committee to grant shares of common stock in the form of either (1) "purchase shares," subject to conditions or restrictions on the participant's right to sell or transfer the shares, which we refer to as purchase stock, or (2) non-qualified stock options to purchase shares of common stock subject to conditions and limitations as established by the compensation committee. The 1998 Plan will expire 10 years after it was approved by our stockholders, unless sooner terminated by the board of directors. Any termination of the 1998 Plan will not affect the validity of any grants under the 1998 Plan outstanding on the date of the termination.

        The compensation committee administers the 1998 Plan, including, without limitation, the determination of the employees to whom grants under the plan will be made, the number of shares of common stock subject to each grant and the various terms of the grants, provided that neither the exercise price of an option nor the purchase price for purchase stock may be less than 50% of the market value of the common stock on the date of grant. The compensation committee may from time to time amend the terms of any grant under the 1998 Plan, but such action will not adversely affect the rights of any participant and the 1998 Plan with respect to a grant under the plan without a participant's consent, except for adjustments made upon a change in the common stock by reason of a stock split, spin-off, stock dividend, stock combination or reclassification, recapitalization, reorganization, consolidation, change of control or similar event. The board of directors retains the right to amend, suspend or terminate the 1998 Plan. Upon adoption of the Incentive Plan, the board of directors will suspend the 1998 Plan and no further options or purchase shares will be granted under such plan.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

        We intend to adopt the Accuride Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which will be approved by our stockholders and become effective concurrently with this offering. The plan is designed to allow our eligible employees and the eligible employees of our participating subsidiaries to purchase shares of common stock, at quarterly intervals, with their accumulated payroll deductions.

        We will reserve 653,595 shares of our common stock for issuance under the plan. The plan will have quarterly offering periods, however, the first offering period will commence on the effective date of this offering and end on the last day of the first full calendar quarter thereafter.

        Individuals scheduled to work more than 20 hours per week, for more than five calendar months per year may join on the first day of the offering period. Individuals who become eligible employees after the start date of an offering period may not join the plan until the next offering period. No employee who owns more than 5% of the voting power or value of all classes of our stock is eligible to participate in the plan. For the first offering period all employees will be automatically enrolled to participate in the plan at a contribution level of $10 per paycheck, but the employees may later change such participation level, including withdrawal from the plan.

101



        Participants contribute flat dollar amounts of their cash earnings through payroll deductions each payroll period, with a minimum of $10 per paycheck and no maximum. The accumulated contributions will be applied to the purchase of shares. Shares will be purchased under the plan on the last day of the offering period, which except for the first offering period will be the last day of each calendar quarter for the first offering period shares will be purchased on the last day of the first full calendar quarter after the effective date of this offering. The purchase price per share will be equal to 85% of the fair market value per share on the first day of the offering period or, if lower, 85% of the fair market value per share on the purchase dates.

        In the event of a proposed sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or our merger with or into another company, the outstanding rights under the plan will be assumed or an equivalent right substituted by the successor company or its parent. If the successor company or its parent refuses to assume the outstanding rights or substitute an equivalent right, then all outstanding purchase rights will automatically be exercised prior to the effective date of the transaction. The plan will terminate no later than the tenth anniversary of the plan's initial adoption by the board of directors.

Severance Agreements

        We have entered into severance agreements with certain senior management employees, including the named executive officers, pursuant to which in the event of any such employee's termination "without cause" or "for good reason" (as defined therein) we will pay such employee one year's base salary.

        In addition to the severance agreements described above, we have entered into change in control agreements with senior management employees, including the named executive officers, and certain other of our key executives. Under these agreements, each participating executive is entitled to severance benefits if his or her employment with us is terminated within 18 months of a change in control or partial change in control (each as defined in the agreement) either by the employee for good reason or by us for any reason other than cause, disability, normal retirement, or death. A change in control under these agreements includes any transaction or series of related transactions as a result of which at least a majority of our voting power is not held, directly or indirectly, by the persons or entities who held our securities with voting power before such transactions and KKR has liquidated at least 50% of its equity investment valued at such time for cash consideration. This offering may constitute a change in control under these agreements depending upon the number of shares KKR sells in the offering. In the event of a covered termination, (1) severance benefits for Tier I (Messrs. Keating and Murphy) include a payment equal to 300% of the employee's salary at termination plus 300% of the greater of (i) the annualized incentive compensation the employee would be entitled to as of the date on which the change of control or partial change in control occurs or (ii) the average incentive compensation award over the three years prior to termination, (2) severance benefits for Tier II (Messrs. Armstrong, Taylor and Ms. Hamme) include a payment equal to 200% of the employee's salary plus 200% of the greater of (i) the annualized incentive compensation the employee would be entitled to as of the date on which the change of control or partial change in control occurs or (ii) the average incentive compensation award over the three years prior to termination and (3) severance benefits for Tier III (other key executives) include a payment equal to 100% of the employee's salary. The agreements also provide for the continuance of certain other benefits, including reimbursement for forfeitures under qualified plans and health insurance coverage until the earlier of the employee becoming eligible for coverage by a subsequent employer or the expiration of 18 months from the date of termination. Any payment received under the change in control agreement will be reduced by the full amount of any payments to which the executive may be entitled due to termination pursuant to any other company severance policy.

102



Employment Agreements

        In connection with the TTI merger, we entered into employment agreements with Messrs. Weller, Cirar and Mueller. The Weller and Cirar agreements have a one year term commencing January 31, 2005. Mr. Weller will serve as Executive Vice President/Components Operations & Integration with a base salary of $550,000, plus bonus, option grants and other benefits comparable to our other senior executives. Mr. Cirar will serve as Senior Vice President/Gunite & Brillion Operations with a base salary of $443,000, plus $44,300 bonus opportunity, option grants and other benefits comparable to our other senior executives. Mr. Mueller will continue to serve as Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer of TTI, with a base salary of $265,000, plus an incentive bonus of up to $100,000 and other benefits comparable to senior TTI executives. Both Messrs. Weller and Cirar may voluntarily terminate their employment for any reason, or no reason during the period from December 15, 2005 through January 15, 2006 and such termination will be treated as a termination for "good reason" for purposes of determining severance payments. If Mr. Weller's employment is terminated without cause or for "good reason" at any time prior to August 2, 2007, he will receive (1) a lump sum cash payment equal to two times the sum of his base salary and the greater of his target bonus under the Accuride annual incentive compensation plan, his target bonus in 2004 from TTI or the average bonus he received for each of 2002, 2003 and 2004 from TTI, (2) continuation of medical, dental, life and other employee welfare benefits for a period of three years and (3) continuation of all executive perquisites for a period of three years. Additionally, if Mr. Weller's employment is terminated for any reason other than cause, he, his spouse at such time and his dependents will be able to continue receiving benefits under Accuride's medical and dental plans without any cost for life. If Mr. Cirar's employment is terminated without cause or for "good reason" prior to August 2, 2007, he will receive (1) a lump sum cash payment of $1,772,000, (2) continuation of medical, dental, life and other employee welfare benefits for three years and (3) continuation of all executive perquisites for a period of three years. All three employment agreements contain three year post-employment non-compete and nonsolicitation provisions of either customers or employees for which Mr. Weller will receive a lump sum payment equal to his base salary and target bonus for the year of his termination for which and Messrs. Cirar and Mueller will receive cash payments of $886,000 and $530,000, respectively. We may terminate Mr. Mueller's employment at any time, with or without cause. If Mr. Mueller's employment is terminated without cause or if Mr. Mueller terminates his employment for any reason after April 30, 2005, then Mr. Mueller will receive a lump sum cash payment equal to $825,000. Further, Mr. Mueller and his dependents may continue to participate in all medical and dental benefit plans applicable to executive employees of TTI and Gunite until Mr. Mueller becomes eligible to receive medical or dental coverage under another employer's group health plan or the third anniversary of the end of Mr. Mueller's employment with TTI.

Employee Equity Arrangements

        Pursuant to the 1998 Plan, we sold stock and issued options to selected employees, including certain named executive officers, which represent, in the aggregate, approximately 7.5% of our fully diluted as converted common stock (of which the named executive officers held approximately 52%) as of March 4, 2005. In connection with such arrangements, we and each such employee entered into an Employee Stockholders' Agreement and a Stock Option Agreement. The Employee Stockholders' Agreement (1) places restrictions on each such employee's ability to transfer shares of purchase stock and common stock acquired upon exercise of the options granted under the 1998 Plan, including a right of first refusal in favor of us, (2) provides each such employee the right to participate pro rata in certain sales of common stock by Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C., an affiliate of KKR 1996 GP L.L.C., or its affiliates and (3) provides Hubcap Acquisition and its affiliates the right to require each employee to participate pro rata in certain sales of common stock by Hubcap Acquisition or its affiliates. The Employee Stockholders' Agreement also grants (subsequent to an initial public offering of the common stock) piggyback registration rights to each employee pursuant to a registration rights agreement

103



between Hubcap Acquisition and us. In addition, the Employee Stockholders' Agreement gives us the right to purchase shares and options held by each employee upon termination of employment for any reason and permits each employee to sell stock and options in the event of death, disability or retirement after turning 65 years of age.

Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

        Certain of our employees are eligible to earn bonus compensation pursuant to the terms of our Annual Incentive Compensation Plan, or AICP, based upon attainment of corporate, plant and/or individual performance goals. Target bonuses for senior executives range, depending on organizational level, from 50% to 75% of salary, with maximum bonuses ranging from 90% to 135% of salary. Bonuses are paid only if the threshold corporate target is met. Participants must be actively employed at the end of the fiscal year in order to be eligible for a bonus. If a participant dies, retires, becomes disabled or loses his or her job because of a reduction in force or as a result of a merger or sale, participants are eligible to receive a pro rata portion of their bonus.

104



PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS AND SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

Principal Stockholders

        The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock:

        (1)   excluding up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of our common stock issuable upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005,

        (2)   immediately following the 591-for-one split of our common stock that will occur immediately prior to the consummation of the offering, but prior to the resale of 8,340,000 shares of our common stock in the offering by the selling stockholders, and

        (3)   immediately following the transactions described above and the sale of 13,900,000 shares of our common stock in the offering,

        in each case, by:

    each person, entity or group known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock;

    each of our named executive officers;

    each of our directors; and

    all of our executive officers and directors as a group.

        Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. Under these rules, a person is deemed to beneficially own a share of our common stock if that person has or shares voting power or investment power with respect to that share, or has the right to acquire beneficial ownership of that share within 60 days, including through the exercise of any option, warrant or other right or the conversion of any other security. More than one person may be considered to beneficially own the same shares. Percentage of beneficial ownership prior to the offering is based on 22,622,690 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 4, 2005 (including 7,964,236 shares issued in connection with the TTI merger), immediately after giving effect to the stock split. Percentage of beneficial ownership after the offering is based on 28,339,514 shares of common stock outstanding after giving effect to the foregoing, the issuance of 156,824 shares of common stock upon the exercise of options by selling stockholders immediately prior to the consummation of this offering and the completion of this offering. Shares of our common stock subject to options which are currently exercisable within 60 days of the date of this prospectus are deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of the person or entity holding such securities but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person or entity. Shares of our common stock issuable in connection with the TTI merger upon completion of this offering, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005, are not included in the number of shares beneficially owned and are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of the person or entity entitled to receive such securities.

        As of the date of this prospectus, we had 72 holders of record of our common stock. Unless otherwise indicated in a footnote, the persons named in the tables below have sole voting and

105



investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown as being beneficially owned by them.

 
  Shares Beneficially
Owned prior to
the Offering(1)

  Shares Beneficially
Owned after the Offering(1)

 
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner

 
  Number
  Percentage
  Number
  Percentage
 
5% Stockholders:                  
KKR 1996 GP L.L.C.(2)
c/o Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P.
9 West 57th Street
New York, New York 10019
  12,765,600   56.4 % 8,209,935   29.0 %

Entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C.(3)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  c/o Trimaran Capital Partners
425 Lexington Avenue, 3rd Floor
New York, New York 10017
  5,746,729   25.4 % 3,695,888   13.0 %

RSTW Partners III, L.P.(4)
5847 San Filipe
Houston, Texas 77057

 

1,418,400

 

6.3

%

912,215

 

3.2

%

Entities affiliated with Albion Alliance LLC(5)
c/o Albion Alliance LLC
1345 Avenue of the Americas,
37th Floor
New York, New York 10105

 

1,137,703

 

5.0

%

731,689

 

2.6

%

Directors and Executive Officers:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

James H. Greene, Jr.(2)

 

12,765,600

 

56.4

%

8,209,935

 

29.0

%

Todd A. Fisher(2)

 

12,765,600

 

56.4

%

8,209,935

 

29.0

%

Frederick M. Goltz(2)

 

0

 

*

 

0

 

*

 

James C. Momtazee(2)

 

0

 

*

 

0

 

*

 

Jay R. Bloom(3)(6)

 

6,338,632

 

28.0

%

4,076,558

 

14.4

%

Mark D. Dalton(3)

 

5,746,729

 

25.4

%

3,695,888

 

13.0

%

John R. Murphy(7)

 

212,670

 

*

 

136,774

 

*

 

Terrence J. Keating(8)

 

204,485

 

*

 

143,021

 

*

 

David K. Armstrong(9)

 

121,450

 

*

 

78,108

 

*

 

Elizabeth I. Hamme(10)

 

121,450

 

*

 

78,108

 

*

 

Henry L. Taylor(11)

 

121,450

 

*

 

97,810

 

*

 

Andrew M. Weller(12)

 

49,787

 

*

 

32,019

 

*

 

Charles E. Mitchell Rentschler

 

0

 

*

 

0

 

*

 
                   

106



Donald C. Roof

 

0

 

*

 

0

 

*

 

All current directors and executive officers as a group (15 persons)(13)

 

19,974,128

 

88.3

%

12,877,160

 

45.4

%

*
Less than 1%.

(1)
Excludes up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of common stock issuable upon completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005.

(2)
Shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. are held by Hubcap Acquisition. KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. is the sole general partner of KKR Associates 1996 L.P., which is the sole general partner of KKR 1996 Fund L.P. KKR 1996 Fund L.P. is one of two members of Hubcap Acquisition and owns more than a 95% equity interest in Hubcap Acquisition. KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. is a limited liability company, the managing members of which are Messrs. Henry R. Kravis and George R. Roberts, and the other members of which are Messrs. Paul E. Raether, Michael W. Michelson, James H. Greene, Jr., Edward A. Gilhuly, Perry Golkin, Scott M. Stuart, Johannes P. Huth, Todd A. Fisher, Alexander Navab, Jr., Reinhard Gorenflos and Marc Lipschultz. Messrs. Greene and Fisher are members of our board of directors. Each of such individuals may be deemed to share beneficial ownership of any shares beneficially owned by KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. Each of such individuals disclaims beneficial ownership. Messrs. Frederick M. Goltz and James C. Momtazee are members of our board of directors and are also executives of KKR. Messrs. Goltz and Momtazee disclaim that they are the owners (beneficial or otherwise) of any shares beneficially owned by KKR Associates 1996 L.P.

(3)
Shares beneficially held by entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. were acquired in the TTI merger. Messrs. Bloom and Dalton are associated with Trimaran Capital Partners, which, immediately following the consummation of the offering, is expected to own 13.0% of our common stock. Mr. Dalton disclaims any beneficial ownership of such common stock. Mr. Bloom is a managing member of Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C., the managing member of Trimaran Fund II, L.L.C., Trimaran Parallel Fund II, L.P., Trimaran Capital, L.L.C., CIBC Employee Private Equity Fund (Trimaran) Partners and CIBC Capital Corporation, which hold 2,018,425, 849,808, 130,329, 1,314,298 and 1,433,869 shares of our common stock, respectively. As a result, Mr. Bloom may be deemed to beneficially own all of the shares of common stock held directly or indirectly by these entities. Mr. Bloom has investment and voting power with respect to shares owned by these entities but disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares except with respect to approximately 43,443 of the shares owned by Trimaran Capital, L.L.C. The entities affiliated with Trimaran Capital Partners may also receive up to a maximum of 769,625 additional shares of common stock, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. See "TTI Merger" for more information regarding the conditions associated with the issuance of contingent stock.

(4)
RSTW Management, L.P. is the sole general partner of RSTW Partners III, L.P.; Rice Mezzanine Corporation ("RMC") is the general partner of RSTW Management, L.P. RMC is a subchapter S-Corporation, the shareholders of which are Messrs. Don K. Rice, Jeffrey P. Sangalis, Jeffrey A. Toole and James P. Wilson. Each of such individuals may be deemed to share beneficial ownership

107


    of any shares beneficially owned by RSTW Partners III, L.P. Each of such individuals disclaims beneficial ownership.

(5)
Albion Alliance LLC has investment control over Albion Alliance Mezzanine Fund, L.P., Albion Alliance Mezzanine Fund II, L.P and Albion/TTI Securities Acquisition LLC which beneficially own 295,907, 295,919 and 545,877 shares, respectively, of our common stock before the offering, not including up to a maximum of 76,960, 76,960 and 0 additional shares, respectively, of common stock, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. See "TTI Merger" for more information regarding the conditions associated with the issuance of contingent stock.

(6)
Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C., which beneficially holds 591,903 shares of common stock, is an investment fund managed by Mr. Bloom and associates. As a managing member of Trimaran Advisors, L.L.C., the investment advisor to Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C., Mr. Bloom may be deemed to beneficially own all of the shares of common stock held directly or indirectly by Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. Mr. Bloom has investment and voting power with respect to the shares owned by Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C., but disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. The managing member and investment advisor of Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. is an affiliate of Trimaran. The number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. does not include up to a maximum of 153,928 additional shares of common stock, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. See "TTI Merger" for more information regarding the conditions associated with the issuance of contingent stock. The address of Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. is 425 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10017.

(7)
Prior to the offering, Mr. Murphy's beneficial ownership includes 77,716 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $8.46 per share, and 93,584 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $2.961 per share. In conjunction with the offering, Mr. Murphy will exercise options to purchase 34,526 shares of our common stock, which will be resold in the offering.

(8)
Prior to the offering, Mr. Keating's beneficial ownership includes 35,460 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $8.46 per share, and 145,385 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $2.961 per share. In conjunction with the offering, Mr. Keating will exercise options to purchase 37,824 shares of our common stock, which will be resold in the offering.

(9)
Prior to the offering, Mr. Armstrong's beneficial ownership includes 35,460 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $8.46 per share, and 62,350 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $2.961 per share. In conjunction with the offering, Mr. Armstrong will exercise options to purchase 19,702 shares of our common stock, which will be resold in the offering.

(10)
Prior to the offering, Ms. Hamme's beneficial ownership includes 35,460 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $8.46 per share, and 62,350 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $2.961 per share. Ms. Hamme beneficially owns 23,640 shares held in the name of the Elizabeth I. Hamme Living Trust, dated July 23, 1999. In conjunction with the offering, Ms. Hamme will exercise options to purchase 19,702 shares of our common stock, which will be resold in the offering.

(11)
Includes 35,460 shares, which are subject to an option to purchase such shares from Accuride at $8.46 per share, and 62,350 shares which are subject to an option to purchase such shares from Accuride at $2.961 per share.

(12)
Does not include up to a maximum of 4,315 additional shares of common stock, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's

108


    achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. See "TTI Merger" for more information regarding the conditions associated with the issuance of contingent stock.

(13)
Includes shares that may be deemed to be beneficially held by Messrs. Greene, Fisher, Goltz and Momtazee due to their relationships with KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. and by Messrs. Bloom and Dalton due to their relationships with Trimaran and Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. Mr. Cirar, who holds 38,604 shares, is also included as an executive officer. Does not include up to a maximum of 933,179 additional shares of our common stock issuable to Trimaran, Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C., and Messrs. Bloom, Cirar and Weller, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. Also includes 645,575 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of fully exercisable option. The total number of shares listed does not double count the shares that may be beneficially attributable to more than one person.

Selling Stockholders

        The following table sets forth information (assuming no exercise of the underwriters' over-allotment option) for each selling stockholder regarding the number of shares of our common stock being offered and the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of the date of this prospectus and as adjusted to reflect the sale of the common stock in this offering.

        Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. Under these rules, a person is deemed to beneficially own a share of our common stock if that person has or shares voting power or investment power with respect to that share, or has the right to acquire beneficial ownership of that share within 60 days, including through the exercise of any option, warrant or other right or the conversion of any other security. More than one person may be considered to beneficially own the same shares. Percentage of beneficial ownership prior to the offering is based on 22,622,690 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 4, 2005 (including 7,964,236 shares issued in connection with the TTI merger), immediately after giving effect to the stock split. Percentage of beneficial ownership after the offering is based on 28,339,514 shares of common stock outstanding after giving effect to the foregoing, the issuance of 156,824 shares of common stock upon the exercise of options by selling stockholders immediately prior to the consummation of this offering and the completion of this offering. Shares of our common stock subject to options which are currently exercisable within 60 days of the date of this prospectus are deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of the person or entity holding such securities but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person or entity. Shares of our common stock issuable in connection with the TTI merger upon completion of this offering, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005, are not included in the number of shares beneficially owned and are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of the person or entity entitled to receive such securities.

109


        Unless otherwise indicated in a footnote, the persons named in the tables below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown as being beneficially owned by them.

 
  Shares Beneficially
Owned prior to
the Offering(1)

  Shares Offered
in this Offering

  Shares Beneficially
Owned after the Offering(1)

 
Selling Stockholders:

 
  Number
  Percentage
  Number
  Number
  Percentage
 
KKR 1996 GP L.L.C.(2)   12,765,600   56.4 % 4,555,665   8,209,935   29.0 %
Entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C.(3)   5,746,729   25.4 % 2,050,841   3,695,888   13.0 %
  CIBC Capital Corporation   1,433,869   6.3 % 511,706   922,163   3.3 %
  CIBC Employee Private Equity Fund (Trimaran) Partners   1,314,298   5.8 % 469,035   845,263   3.0 %
  Trimaran Capital, LLC   130,329   *   46,511   83,818   *  
  Trimaran Fund II, LLC   2,018,425   8.9 % 720,317   1,298,108   4.6 %
  Trimaran Parallel Fund II, L.P.   849,808   3.8 % 303,272   546,536   1.9 %
RSTW Partners III, L.P.   1,418,400   6.3 % 506,185   912,215   3.2 %
Entities affiliated with Albion Alliance LLC(4)   1,137,703   5.0 % 406,014   731,689   2.6 %
  Albion Alliance Mezzanine Fund II, L.P.   295,919   1.3 % 105,605   190,314   *  
  Albion Alliance Mezzanine, L.P.   295,907   1.3 % 105,601   190,306   *  
  Albion/TTI Securities Acquisition, L.L.C.   545,877   2.4 % 194,808   351,069   1.2 %
Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C.(5)   591,903   2.6 % 211,233   380,670   1.3 %

George Anderson(6)

 

16,989

 

*

 

4,086

 

12,903

 

*

 
David K. Armstrong(7)   121,450   *   43,342   78,108   *  
Thomas Begel(8)   116,143   *   41,448   74,695   *  
Richard Bird(6)   4,373   *   1,560   2,813   *  
Alastair Brent(6)   11,820   *   4,219   7,601   *  
Michael W. Brothers(6)   4,491   *   1,602   2,889   *  
Michael R. Brown(6)   6,736   *   2,403   4,333   *  
Richard Carroll(6)   4,255   *   1,518   2,737   *  
Deepak Chaudhry(6)   41,604   *   14,848   26,756   *  
James Cirar(8)   38,604   *   13,777   24,827   *  
Douglas D. Clawson(6)   9,810   *   3,500   6,310   *  
Fred Culbreath(8)   45,607   *   16,276   29,331   *  
Anthony Donatelli(8)   4,138   *   1,476   2,662   *  
Richard Giromini(6)   23,640   *   8,437   15,203   *  
Adam Gottlieb(8)   2,876   *   1,026   1,850   *  
Greubel Trust   88,650   *   31,637   57,013   *  
John Grossenbacher(6)   15,512   *   5,536   9,976   *  
Elizabeth I. Hamme(9)   121,450   *   43,342   78,108   *  
Harry D. Hanville(6)   2,364   *   843   1,521   *  
Bruce J. Henderson(6)   11,168   *   3,985   7,183   *  
Hesed Foundation(8)   16,376   *   5,844   10,532   *  
Joe Hicks(8)(14)   21,343   *   7,617   13,726   *  
Steven J. Holt(6)   40,127   *   14,321   25,806   *  
Robert G. Holtz(6)   41,457   *   14,795   26,662   *  
Robert Jackson(8)   18,917   *   6,751   12,166   *  
Terrence J. Keating(10)   204,485   *   61,464   143,021   *  
Craig R. Kessler(6)   44,471   *   15,871   28,600   *  
                       

110


Jeffrey A. Kropfl(6)   11,168   *   3,986   7,182   *  
Ben H. Laaper(6)   21,510   *   7,676   13,834   *  
Gerardo Martinez(6)   2,216   *   790   1,426   *  
Timothy Masek(8)   10,315   *   3,682   6,633   *  
Richard McKinnon(6)   4,491   *   1,602   2,889   *  
Paul Morales(6)   2,216   *   790   1,426   *  
Donald Mueller(8)   20,883   *   7,453   13,430   *  
John R. Murphy(11)   212,670   *   75,896   136,774   *  
Phillip A. Newsome(13)   20,092   *   7,171   12,921   *  
Robert Nida(6)   59,925   *   9,810   50,115   *  
Robert F. Oldani(6)   4,491   *   1,602   2,889   *  
Federico Panfilo(6)   4,432   *   1,581   2,851   *  
Michael Pinson(6)   4,461   *   1,591   2,870   *  
David Riesmeyer(8)   1,695   *   604   1,091   *  
Patricia Rincon(6)   2,216   *   790   1,426   *  
Oscar Rodriguez(6)   4,432   *   1,581   2,851   *  
Terry G. Rone(6)   4,491   *   1,602   2,889   *  
Terrill M. Rutledge(6)   2,364   *   843   1,521   *  
Camillo Santomero(8)   79,110   *   28,233   50,877   *  
Charles M. Scarton(6)   6,559   *   2,341   4,218   *  
Brad C. Schultz(6)   23,640   *   8,437   15,203   *  
Steven Shulman(8)   16,376   *   5,845   10,531   *  
Roberto Solis(6)   6,205   *   2,214   3,991   *  
Ronald H. Steinback(6)   11,168   *   3,985   7,183   *  
Lee Swafford(8)   2,826   *   1,008   1,818   *  
Kenneth Tallering(8)   29,876   *   10,662   19,214   *  
Henry L. Taylor(12)   121,450   *   23,640   97,810   *  
Todd Taylor(6)   8,273   *   2,952   5,321   *  
Andrew M. Weller(13)   49,787   *   17,768   32,019   *  
Patricia A. Wolfe(6)   6,736   *   2,403   4,333   *  

*
Less than 1%.

(1)
Excludes up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of common stock issuable upon the completion of the offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005.

(2)
Messrs. Fisher, Greene, Goltz and Momtazee are affiliates of KKR and are members of our board of directors. Shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. are held by Hubcap Acquisition. KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. is the sole general partner of KKR Associates 1996 L.P., which is the sole general partner of KKR 1996 Fund L.P. KKR 1996 Fund L.P. is one of two members of Hubcap Acquisition and owns more than a 95% equity interest in Hubcap Acquisition. KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. is a limited liability company, the managing members of which are Messrs. Henry R. Kravis and George R. Roberts, and the other members of which are Messrs. Paul E. Raether, Michael W. Michelson, James H. Greene, Jr., Edward A. Gilhuly, Perry Golkin, Scott M. Stuart, Johannes P. Huth, Todd A. Fisher, Alexander Navab, Jr., Reinhard Gorenflos and Marc Lipschultz. Messrs. Greene and Fisher are members of our board of directors.

111


    Each of such individuals may be deemed to share beneficial ownership of any shares beneficially owned by KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. Each of such individuals disclaims beneficial ownership. Messrs. Frederick M. Goltz and James C. Momtazee are members of our board of directors and are also executives of KKR. Messrs. Goltz and Momtazee disclaim that they are the owners (beneficial or otherwise) of any shares beneficially owned by KKR Associates 1996 L.P.

(3)
Messrs. Bloom and Dalton are associated with Trimaran Capital Partners and are members of our board of directors. Shares beneficially held by entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. were acquired in the TTI merger. Messrs. Bloom and Dalton are associated with Trimaran Capital Partners, which, immediately following the consummation of the offering, is expected to own 13.0% of our common stock. Mr. Dalton disclaims any beneficial ownership of such common stock. Mr. Bloom is a managing member of Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C., the managing member of Trimaran Fund II, L.L.C., Trimaran Parallel Fund II, L.P., Trimaran Capital, L.L.C., CIBC Employee Private Equity Fund (Trimaran) Partners and CIBC Capital Corporation, which hold 2,018,425, 849,808, 130,329, 1,314,298 and 1,433,869 shares of our common stock, respectively. As a result, Mr. Bloom may be deemed to beneficially own all of the shares of common stock held directly or indirectly by these entities. Mr. Bloom has investment and voting power with respect to shares owned by these entities but disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares except with respect to approximately 43,443 of the shares owned by Trimaran Capital, L.L.C. The number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by entities affiliated with Trimaran Capital Partners excludes up to a maximum of 769,625 additional shares of common stock, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. See "TTI Merger" for more information regarding the conditions associated with the issuance of contingent stock.

(4)
Albion Alliance LLC has investment control over Albion Alliance Mezzanine Fund, L.P., Albion Alliance Mezzanine Fund II, L.P and Albion/TTI Securities Acquisition LLC which beneficially own 295,907, 295,919 and 545,877 shares, respectively, of our common stock before the offering, not including up to a maximum of 76,960, 76,960 and 0 additional shares, respectively, of common stock, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. See "TTI Merger" for more information regarding the conditions associated with the issuance of contingent stock.

(5)
Shares beneficially held by Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. were acquired in the TTI merger. Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. is an investment fund managed by Mr. Bloom and associates. As a managing member of Trimaran Advisors, L.L.C., the investment advisor to Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C., Mr. Bloom may be deemed to beneficially own all of the shares of common stock held directly or indirectly by Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. Mr. Bloom has investment and voting power with respect to the shares owned by Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. but disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. The managing member and investment advisor of Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. is an affiliate of Trimaran. The number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. excludes up to a maximum of 153,928 additional shares of common stock, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. See "TTI Merger" for more information regarding the conditions associated with the issuance of contingent stock. The address of Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C. is 425 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10017.

(6)
Current or former employee of Accuride Corporation. Includes shares of our common stock that may be acquired pursuant to the exercise of one or more fully exercisable options or that were purchased pursuant to the terms of our 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan.

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(7)
Mr. Armstrong has served as our Senior Vice President/General Counsel since October 1998. Prior to the offering, Mr. Armstrong's beneficial ownership includes 35,460 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $8.46 per share, and 62,350 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $2.961 per share. In conjunction with the offering, Mr. Armstrong will exercise options to purchase 19,702 shares of our common stock, which will be resold in the offering.

(8)
Former stockholder of TTI. Does not include shares of common stock issuable in connection with the TTI merger upon the completion of this offering, the amount of which is to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering, together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005.

(9)
Ms. Hamme has served as our Senior Vice President/Human Resources since February 1995. Prior to the offering, Ms. Hamme's beneficial ownership includes 35,460 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $8.46 per share, and 62,350 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $2.961 per share. Ms. Hamme beneficially owns 23,640 shares held in the name of the Elizabeth I. Hamme Living Trust, dated July 23, 1999. In conjunction with the offering, Ms. Hamme will exercise options to purchase 19,702 shares of our common stock, which will be resold in the offering.

(10)
Mr. Keating has served as a member of our board of directors and as our President and Chief Executive Officer since May 2002. Prior to May 2002, Mr. Keating served as our Vice President/Operations. Prior to the offering, Mr. Keating's beneficial ownership includes 35,640 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $8.46 per share, and 145,385 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $2.961 per share. In conjunction with the offering, Mr. Keating will exercise options to purchase 37,824 shares of our common stock, which will be resold in the offering.

(11)
Mr. Murphy has served as our Executive Vice President/Finance and Chief Financial Officer since March 1998. Prior to the offering, Mr. Murphy's beneficial ownership includes 77,716 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $8.46 per share, and 93,584 shares issuable pursuant to options exercisable at $2.961 per share. In conjunction with the offering, Mr. Murphy will exercise options to purchase 34,526 shares of our common stock, which will be resold in the offering.

(12)
Mr. Taylor has served as Senior Vice President/Sales and Marketing since July 2002. He formerly served as our Vice President/Marketing from April 1996 to June 2002. Includes 35,460 shares, which are subject to an option to purchase such shares from Accuride at $8.46 per share, and 62,350 shares which are subject to an option to purchase such shares from Accuride at $2.961 per share.

(13)
Mr. Weller acquired his ownership interest in connection with the TTI merger transaction. Excludes up to 4,315 shares of common stock issuable upon the occurrence of certain events, including the public offering contemplated by this prospectus, and TTI's achievement of certain performance goals. See "TTI Merger" for more information regarding the conditions associated with the issuance of contingent stock. Mr. Weller has served as a member of our board of directors and as our Executive Vice President/Components Operations & Integration since February 1, 2005.

KKR

        Shares of common stock beneficially owned by KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. are held by Hubcap Acquisition, which acquired its interest in January 1998 pursuant to a Stock Subscription and Redemption Agreement, dated November 17, 1997. Messrs. Fisher, Greene, Goltz and Momtazee are members of our board of directors and are each affiliates of KKR. Prior to the TTI merger, KKR provided management services to us, for which we paid KKR an annual fee of $600,000. Pursuant to a management services agreement among us, KKR and Trimaran, KKR has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $665,000. KKR received a

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$5.0 million transaction fee for, among other things, negotiating the TTI merger, conducting due diligence and arranging financing. See "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions."

Entities Affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C.

        Shares beneficially held by entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. were acquired in the TTI merger. Messrs. Bloom and Dalton are members of our board of directors and are each affiliates of Trimaran. Pursuant to a management services agreement among us, KKR and Trimaran, Trimaran has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $335,000. Trimaran received a $5.0 million transaction fee for, among other things, negotiating the TTI merger, conducting due diligence and arranging financing. See "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions."

RSTW Partners III, L.P.

        RSTW Partners III, L.P. purchased its ownership interest from Phelps Dodge Corporation pursuant to a Share Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1998.

Former TTI Stockholders

        A number of selling stockholders, whom we have identified by footnote in the table above, acquired their shares in connection with the TTI merger. TTI's former executive officers that are also selling stockholders include Messrs. Thomas Begel, Andrew Weller, James Cirar, Donald Mueller and Kenneth Tallering. TTI's former directors that are also selling stockholders include Messrs. Thomas Begel, Jay Bloom, Mark Dalton, Camillo Santomero III and Andrew Weller.

Current or Former Accuride Employees

        The remaining selling stockholders, including members of our management team, acquired their shares through stock and option grants made under our 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan for Employees of Accuride and Subsidiaries. We grant options to our executive officers in order to focus the attention of the recipient on our long-term performance, which we believe results in improved stockholder value, and to retain the services of the executive officers in a competitive job market by providing significant long-term earnings potential. Each of our named executive officers is participating in this offering as a selling stockholder.

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Registration Rights Agreement

        In connection with the TTI merger, Accuride, Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C., an affiliate of KKR 1996 GP L.L.C., and certain other parties agreed to amend and restate the January 21, 1998 registration rights agreement between the Company and Hubcap. The amended and restated registration rights agreement became effective on January 31, 2005 and terminated the January 21, 1998 registration rights agreement. The amended and restated registration rights agreement provides that affiliates of KKR, including, without limitation, Hubcap Acquisition, have the right, under certain circumstances and subject to certain conditions, to require us to register under the Securities Act shares of our common stock held by them. The amended and restated registration rights agreement also provides that, upon the closing of the offering contemplated by this prospectus, affiliates of Trimaran Capital Partners will have the right, under certain circumstances and subject to certain conditions, to require us to register under the Securities Act shares of our common stock held by them. Upon initiation of a "demand" registration by the affiliates of either KKR or Trimaran Capital Partners, the remaining parties to the amended and restated registration rights agreement may participate in the registered offering subject to certain limitations. The amended and restated registration rights agreement provides, among other things, that we will pay all expenses in connection with any demand registration requested by the KKR affiliates and the Trimaran Capital Partners affiliates and in connection with any registration commenced by us as a primary offering in which a party to the amended and restated registration rights agreement participates through "piggyback" registration rights granted under the amended and restated registration rights agreement. The parties to the amended and restated registration rights agreement acknowledged the registration rights of RSTW Partners III, pursuant to a January 21, 1998 Stockholders' Agreement, as explained below, and certain members of Accuride management and certain employees that are parties to stockholder's agreements pursuant to the 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan for Employees of Accuride Corporation & its Subsidiaries also as explained below.

Stockholders' Agreement

        We entered into a January 21, 1998 Stockholders' Agreement by and among Accuride, Hubcap Acquisition and RSTW Partners III (as successor-in-interest to Phelps Dodge Corporation) that imposes certain restrictions on RSTW Partners III's ability to transfer shares of our common stock. Under the January 21, 1998 Stockholders' Agreement, RSTW Partners III has the right to participate pro rata in certain sales of common stock by Hubcap Acquisition or its affiliates, including sales by Hubcap Acquisition in our initial public offering, and Hubcap Acquisition or its affiliates has the right to require RSTW Partners III to participate pro rata in certain sales by Hubcap Acquisition or its affiliates. The January 21, 1998 Stockholders' Agreement also grants certain demand (subsequent to an initial public offering of the common stock) and piggyback registration rights to RSTW Partners III.

Stockholder's Agreements under the 1998 Plan

        Pursuant to the terms of the 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan for Employees of Accuride Corporation and Subsidiaries, we entered into Stockholder's Agreements with certain members of our management team. Each of the Stockholder's Agreements imposes certain restrictions on a party's ability to transfer shares of our common stock. The Stockholder's Agreements also provide certain "piggyback" registration rights equivalent to those granted under the January 31, 2005 amended and restated registration rights agreement, including, subject to certain restrictions and limitations, the right to participate in public offerings pursuant to an effective registration statement relating to shares of common stock held by Hubcap Acquisition or its affiliates. See "Employee Equity Arrangements."

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2005 Shareholder Rights Agreement

        In connection with the TTI merger, we entered into a Shareholder Rights Agreement with certain of our stockholders, including certain KKR and Trimaran affiliates. The Shareholder Rights Agreement grants, subject to certain share ownership requirements, Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C., an affiliate of KKR, and certain Trimaran affiliates (or the permitted transferees of Hubcap Acquisition and the Trimaran affiliates) the right to designate directors to our board of directors, audit committee and compensation committee. Prior to the offering contemplated by this prospectus, the Trimaran entities have the right to designate three individuals to, and Hubcap Acquisition may designate the remaining members of, our board of directors, each so long as they respectively hold at least 10% of our fully diluted capitalization, and the Trimaran entities have the right to designate one member to each of our audit and compensation committees. Following the offering contemplated by this prospectus, we, subject to the fiduciary duties of our board of directors, agreed to use our reasonable best efforts to take such actions as are necessary to nominate certain individuals designated by Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C., an affiliate of KKR, and certain Trimaran affiliates as directors and solicit proxies in favor of the election such individuals. As provided in the Shareholder Rights Agreement, Hubcap Acquisition (and its permitted transferees) may designate (i) four directors so long as it holds at least 30% of our fully diluted capitalization, (ii) three directors so long as it holds at least 25%, but less than 30%, of our fully diluted capitalization, (iii) two directors so long as it holds at least 15%, but less than 25%, of our fully diluted capitalization and (iv) one director so long as it holds at least 10%, but less than 15%, of our fully diluted capitalization. Also following the offering contemplated by this prospectus, certain Trimaran affiliates may designate (i) four directors so long as they hold at least 30% of our fully diluted capitalization, (ii) three directors so long as they hold at least 25%, but less than 30%, of our fully diluted capitalization, (iii) two directors so long as they hold at least 15%, but less than 25%, of our fully diluted capitalization and (iv) one director so long as they hold at least 10%, but less than 15%, of our fully diluted capitalization. The Trimaran affiliates' share ownership percentage is based on the shares of our common stock held by Trimaran Capital, L.L.C., Trimaran Fund II, L.L.C., Trimaran Parallel Fund II, L.P., CIBC Employee Private Equity Fund (Trimaran) Partners and CIBC Capital Corporation, and any person to whom such entities transfer shares of Accuride common stock in compliance with the Shareholder Rights Agreement. The Shareholder Rights Agreement also imposes certain restrictions on each party's ability to transfer shares of our common stock.

Management Services Agreement

        In connection with the TTI merger, we entered into a management services agreement with KKR and Trimaran Fund Management L.L.C., or TFM, pursuant to which we retained KKR and TFM to provide management, consulting and financial services to Accuride of the type customarily performed by investment companies to its portfolio companies. In exchange for such services, we agreed to pay an annual fee in the amount equal to $665,000 to KKR and $335,000 to TFM. In addition, we will reimburse KKR and TFM, and their respective affiliates, for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with such retention, including travel expenses and expenses of legal counsel. We may terminate the management services agreement with respect to either KKR or TFM when one or both parties no longer has the right to appoint one or more members to our board of directors pursuant to the terms of the Shareholder Rights Agreement that we entered in connection with the TTI merger. Additionally, the management services agreement will automatically terminate upon a change of control as provided in the Shareholder Rights Agreement.

TMB Industries Relationship

        Prior to the TTI merger, through TMB Industries, or TMB, members of TTI management, including Messrs. Weller and Cirar, held ownership interests in, and in certain instances were directors of, privately-held companies. These privately held companies paid management fees to TMB, a portion

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of which were distributed to certain TTI executive officers. TTI provided certain administrative services and corporate facilities to TMB and such privately held companies and billed them for reimbursement of the related costs, which TTI recorded as offsets to its selling, general and administrative expenses. TTI received reimbursements totaling approximately $0.5 million for 2004. Given that certain of these privately held companies have similar customers as TTI, TTI also provided certain selling and marketing services through its OEM sales coverage personnel and received reimbursements for their allocable share of the related costs. Following the TTI merger, through TMB, Messrs. Weller and Cirar continue to hold ownership interests in privately-held companies. There also exists a limited amount of intercompany supply of product on an arm's-length basis between privately held companies affiliated with TMB and Accuride. Following the TTI merger, Accuride continues to lease certain corporate facilities to TMB, but it has otherwise discontinued TTI's prior relationship with TMB.

KKR Relationship

        As of March 4, 2005, KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. beneficially owned approximately 56.4% of our outstanding shares of common stock (including shares of our common stock issuable upon the occurrence of certain events, including the offering contemplated by this prospectus, and TTI's achievement of certain performance goals). See "Principal Stockholders and Selling Stockholders." The managing members of KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. are Messrs. Henry R. Kravis and George R. Roberts and the other members of which are Messrs. Paul E. Raether, Michael W. Michelson, James H. Greene, Jr., Edward A. Gilhuly, Perry Golkin, Scott M. Stuart, Johannes P. Huth, Todd A. Fisher and Alexander Navab, Jr. Messrs. Greene and Fisher are also members of our board of directors, as are Frederick M. Goltz and James C. Momtazee who are executives of KKR & Co., L.L.C. Each of the members of KKR 1996 GP L.L.C. is also a member of KKR & Co., L.L.C, which serves as the general partner of KKR.

        Pursuant to the management services agreement described above, KKR has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $665,000.

Trimaran Relationship

        As of March 4, 2005, entities affiliated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. beneficially owned approximately 25.4% of our outstanding shares of common stock. See "Principal Stockholders and Selling Stockholders." Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. is controlled by Messrs. Jay R. Bloom, Andrew R. Heyer and Dean C. Kehler.

        Pursuant to the management services agreement described above, Trimaran Fund Management has agreed to render management, consulting and financial services to us for an annual fee of $335,000.

TTI Merger

        Mr. Bloom and Mr. Dalton are each associated with Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C., which, as of March 4, 2005 beneficially owned 25.4% of our outstanding common stock (excluding shares issuable upon the occurrence of certain events, including the offering contemplated by this prospectus, and the achievement of certain performance goals). Mr. Bloom disclaims beneficial ownership in the shares beneficially owned by Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C., except for approximately 23,058 shares, or approximately 0.1%, held by Trimaran Capital, L.L.C. Mr. Dalton disclaims any beneficial ownership in shares beneficially owned by Trimaran Investments II, L.L.C. Further, Mr. Bloom is associated with Trimaran Advisors, L.L.C., the investment advisor to Caravelle Investment Fund, L.L.C., which as of March 4, 2005 beneficially owned approximately 2.6% of our outstanding common stock (excluding shares issuable upon the occurrence of certain events, including the offering contemplated by this prospectus, and the achievement of certain performance goals). Mr. Bloom disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares beneficially owned by Caraville Investment Fund, L.L.C. Each of

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Messrs. Weller and Cirar beneficially owns approximately 0.2% and 0.2%, respectively, of our common stock as a result of the TTI merger. See "Principal Stockholders and Selling Stockholders."

        Each of KKR and Trimaran received a $5.0 million transaction fee for, among other things, negotiating the TTI merger, conducting due diligence and arranging financing. In addition, the costs and expenses incurred by KKR and Trimaran in connection with the TTI merger were paid by Accuride and TTI, respectively.

Stock Option Grants

        Concurrently with the consummation of the offering, we intend to issue options to purchase up to an aggregate of 718,065 shares of our common stock to our employees under our new Incentive Plan at an exercise price equal to the initial offering price of our common stock. One half of such options will vest and become exercisable, for so long as the recipient of the option continues to provide services to us, in equal annual installments over a four-year period on each anniversary of the grant date. The other half of such options will vest upon the achievement of certain annual performance objectives. Of the options to purchase up to an aggregate of 718,065 shares of our common stock granted to our employees under our new Incentive Plan, we intend to grant options to purchase an aggregate of 529,080 shares to our executive officers in the amounts listed below:

Name

  Shares Subject
to Options

Terrence J. Keating   118,200
Andrew M. Weller   88,650
John R. Murphy   88,650
David K. Armstrong   56,145
James D. Cirar   56,145
Elizabeth I. Hamme   56,145
Henry L. Taylor   56,145

        Concurrently with the consummation of the offering, we also intend to issue options to purchase an aggregate of 111,200 shares of our common stock, to our non-employee directors under the Incentive Plan at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant. We anticipate that the exercise price will be $18.00 per share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. Such options will vest and become exercisable in one-third increments over a three-year period on each anniversary of the date of grant.

Indemnification of Directors and Officers

        Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that we will indemnify each of our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. Furthermore, we plan on entering into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and officers. See "Description of Capital Stock—Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors."

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DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS

        The following summary of our indebtedness does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, the provisions of each debt instrument summarized below.

Senior Credit Facilities

        On January 31, 2005, we entered into new senior credit facilities with a syndicate of financial institutions and institutional lenders. Set forth below is a summary of the terms of the new senior credit facilities. We encourage you to read our fourth amended and restated credit agreement contained in the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

        Our new senior credit facilities provide for senior secured financing by us and our Canadian subsidiary, Accuride Canada Inc., of up to $675.0 million, consisting of (a) a $550.0 million term loan credit facility with a maturity date of January 31, 2012, (b) a $95.0 million U.S. revolving credit facility that is available to us and will terminate on January 31, 2010 and (c) a $30 million Canadian revolving credit facility that is available to Accuride Canada Inc. and will terminate on January 31, 2010. The U.S. revolving credit facility includes a $40.0 million sub-limit for the issuance of letters of credit for our account. All borrowings are subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, including absence of a default and accuracy of representations and warranties.

        Proceeds of the term loan credit facility and proceeds of new subordinated notes were used to refinance debt in connection with the TTI merger, including refinancing of the senior credit facilities of TTI and the discharge of TTI's 121/2% senior subordinated notes due 2010 and our 91/4% senior subordinated notes due 2008. Proceeds of the revolving credit facilities have been and will be used for general corporate purposes.

Interest and Fees

        The interest rates per annum applicable to loans under our new senior credit facilities are, at the option of us or Accuride Canada Inc., as applicable, a base rate or eurodollar rate plus, in each case, an applicable margin which is subject to adjustment based on our leverage ratio. The base rate is a fluctuating interest rate equal to the highest of (a) the base rate reported by Citibank, N.A. (or, with respect to the Canadian revolving credit facility, the reference rate of interest established or quoted by Citibank Canada for determining interest rates on U.S. dollar denominated commercial loans made by Citibank Canada in Canada), (b) a reserve adjusted three-week moving average of offering rates for three-month certificates of deposit plus one-half of one percent (0.5%) and (c) the federal funds effective rate plus one-half of one percent (0.5%). In addition, we are required to pay to the lenders under the revolving credit facilities a commitment fee in respect of the unused commitments thereunder at a rate per annum that is subject to adjustment based on our leverage ratio.

Amortization of Principal

        Our new senior credit facilities require quarterly amortization payments of $1.375 million on the term loan credit facility, with such payments to commence on March 31, 2005. The remaining balance of the term loan credit facility will be payable on January 31, 2012. The outstanding balance of the revolving credit facilities is due and payable on January 31, 2010.

Prepayments

        The term loan credit facility is required to be prepaid with 50% of annual excess cash flow and 100% of the net cash proceeds of certain equity issuances by us, in each case, subject to certain exceptions and subject to percentage reductions or elimination based on our leverage ratio.

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        The term loan credit facility is, and if the term loan credit facility is paid in full, the revolving credit facilities are, required to be prepaid with 100% of the net cash proceeds of asset sales and issuances of subordinated debt, subject to reinvestment rights and other limited exceptions.

        Voluntary prepayments of loans under the term loan credit facility and the revolving credit facilities and voluntary reductions in the unused commitments under the revolving credit facilities are permitted, in whole or in part, in minimum amounts and subject to certain other exceptions as set forth in the new senior credit facilities.

Collateral and Guarantees

        We guarantee the obligations of Accuride Canada Inc. under the Canadian revolving credit facility, and our domestic subsidiaries guarantee the obligations of us and Accuride Canada Inc. under the term loan credit facility and the revolving credit facilities. Substantially all of our and our domestic guarantors' real and personal loan credit facility property (including intercompany notes, equity interests in domestic subsidiaries and 66% of the equity interests in foreign subsidiaries) secure the obligations of us and Accuride Canada Inc. under the term loan credit facility and the revolving credit facilities.

        In addition, substantially all of the real and personal property of Accuride Canada Inc. secure the obligations of Accuride Canada Inc. under the Canadian revolving credit facility.

Covenants and Other Matters

        Our new senior credit facilities require us to comply with financial covenants, including a maximum leverage ratio, a minimum interest coverage ratio and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio.

        Our maximum leverage ratio will be tested at the end of each fiscal quarter and will be required to be not more than the ratio set forth below for each four fiscal quarter measurement period set forth below:

Measurement Period Ending
  Ratio
March 31, 2005   6.50:1
June 30, 2005   6.50:1
September 30, 2005   6.25:1
December 31, 2005   5.75:1
March 31, 2006   5.75:1
June 30, 2006   5.75:1
September 30, 2006   5.50:1
December 31, 2006   5.00:1
March 31, 2007   5.00:1
June 30, 2007   5.00:1
September 30, 2007   5.00:1
December 31, 2007   5.00:1
March 31, 2008   5.00:1
June 30, 2008   5.00:1
September 30, 2008   4.75:1
December 31, 2008   4.50:1
March 31, 2009   4.50:1
June 30, 2009   4.50:1
September 30, 2009   4.25:1
December 31, 2009 and thereafter   4.00:1

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        Our maximum interest coverage ratio will be tested at the end of each fiscal quarter and will be required to be not less than the ratio set forth below for each four fiscal quarter measurement period set forth below:

Measurement Period Ending
  Ratio
March 31, 2005   2.25:1
June 30, 2005   2.25:1
September 30, 2005   2.25:1
December 31, 2005   2.35:1
March 31, 2006   2.35:1
June 30, 2006   2.35:1
September 30, 2006   2.35:1
December 31, 2006   2.35:1
March 31, 2007   2.35:1
June 30, 2007   2.35:1
September 30, 2007   2.35:1
December 31, 2007   2.35:1
March 31, 2008   2.35:1
June 30, 2008   2.35:1
September 30, 2008   2.35:1
December 31, 2008   2.50:1
March 31, 2009   2.50:1
June 30, 2009   2.50:1
September 30, 2009   2.50:1
December 31, 2009 and thereafter   2.75:1

        Our maximum fixed charge coverage ratio will be tested at the end of each fiscal quarter and will be required to be not less than the ratio set forth below for each four fiscal quarter measurement period set forth below:

Measurement Period Ending
  Ratio
March 31, 2005   1.15:1
June 30, 2005   1.15:1
September 30, 2005   1.15:1
December 31, 2005   1.25:1
March 31, 2006   1.25:1
June 30, 2006   1.25:1
September 30, 2006   1.30:1
December 31, 2006   1.35:1
March 31, 2007   1.35:1
June 30, 2007   1.35:1
September 30, 2007   1.35:1
December 31, 2007   1.35:1
March 31, 2008   1.35:1
June 30, 2008   1.35:1
September 30, 2008   1.35:1
December 31, 2008   1.35:1
March 31, 2009   1.35:1
June 30, 2009   1.35:1
September 30, 2009   1.35:1
December 31, 2009 and thereafter   1.40:1

        If we default under the terms of our new senior credit facilities with respect to the leverage ratio, the interest coverage ratio or the fixed charge coverage ratio with respect to any measurement period ending prior to or on June 30, 2006, then KKR and Trimaran may make a cash equity contribution to

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us (that may not exceed $5,000,000 in the aggregate for any measurement period) in such amount as shall be necessary to cure such default.

        Our new senior credit facilities also include negative covenants restricting our and our subsidiaries' ability to, among other things:

    create, incur or assume additional liens;

    create, incur, assume or guarantee additional debt;

    engage in mergers or consolidations;

    sell assets;

    make loans and investments;

    declare or pay dividends, or redeem or acquire our capital stock or other equity interests;

    prepay, redeem or defease subordinated debt;

    amend subordinated debt documents;

    become a general partner in a partnership or joint venture;

    make capital expenditures; and

    transact with affiliates.

        Our new senior credit facilities also contain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including failure to pay principal, interest and other obligations, inaccuracy of representations and warranties, default under agreements governing indebtedness in excess of $30,000,000, judgments in excess of $30,000,000, and change of control.

        Failure to comply with the obligations contained in the new senior credit facilities could result in an event of default, and the lenders could declare all borrowings outstanding, together with accrued and unpaid interest, to be immediately due and payable, require us to apply all of our available cash to repay the borrowings or prevent us from making debt service payments on our new senior subordinated notes, any of which could result in an event of default under our new senior subordinated notes.

Senior Subordinated Notes

        On January 31, 2005, we issued $275.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 81/2% senior subordinated notes due 2015, which we refer to as our new senior subordinated notes in a private placement transaction. The new senior subordinated notes are guaranteed on a senior subordinated basis by each of our existing and future domestic subsidiaries. The indenture governing the new senior subordinated notes contains numerous covenants including, among other things, restrictions on our ability to incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue disqualified or preferred stock, pay dividends or make other equity distributions, repurchase or redeem capital stock, make investments or other restricted payments, sell assets or consolidate or merge with or into other companies, create limitations on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to make dividends or distributions to us, engage in transactions with affiliates and create liens.

        The indenture governing our new senior subordinated notes also contains customary events of default, including but not limited to, the default in payment when due and payable, upon redemption, acceleration or otherwise, of principal of, or premium on, if any, the notes whether or not such payment shall be prohibited by the subordination provisions relating to the new senior subordinated notes, the default for 30 days or more in the payment when due of interest on or with respect to the new senior subordinated notes, whether or not such payment shall be prohibited by the subordination provisions relating to the new senior subordinated notes and the failure by us or any guarantor for

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30 days after receipt of written notice given by the trustee or the holders of at least 30% in principal amount of the new senior subordinated notes then outstanding to comply with any of its other agreements in the indenture or the new senior subordinated notes. In addition, we may redeem all or a part of our new senior subordinated notes on or before February 1, 2010 at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount, plus an applicable make-whole premium, and accrued and unpaid interest and special interest, if any, to the date of redemption, and on or after February 1, 2010 at certain specified redemption prices. Prior to February 1, 2008, we may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of our new senior subordinated notes from the proceeds of certain equity offerings. Upon a change of control, we may be required to offer to repurchase our new senior subordinated notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, and special interest, if any, to the date of repurchase.

Industrial Revenue Bonds

        On April 1, 1999, we, through our Bostrom subsidiary, issued Industrial Revenue Bonds for $3.1 million which bear interest at a variable rate (2.23% as of December 31, 2004) and can be redeemed by us at any time. The bonds are secured by a letter of credit. The bonds have no amortization and mature in 2014. The bonds are also subject to a weekly "put" provision by the holders of the bonds. In the event that any or all of the bonds are put to us under this provision, we would either refinance such bonds with additional borrowings under our revolving credit facility or use available cash on hand.

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

        The following is a description of the material terms of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws as presently in effect and as anticipated to be in effect upon the completion of the offering. We also refer you to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, copies of which will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

        Our authorized capital stock presently consists of 65,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 5,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share. As of March 4, 2005, there were:

    (1)
    38,278.74 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding;

    (2)
    no shares of our preferred stock issued and outstanding; and

    (3)
    127 shares of our capital stock in our treasury.

        Upon completion of the offering (after giving effect to the 591-for-one stock split and the TTI merger), there are expected to be 29,482,009 shares of common stock issued and outstanding (includes a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares issuable upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005), and no shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding. Except for the exercise of vested stock options by selling stockholders, the underwriters' exercise of their over-allotment option will not result in an increase in the number of shares of common stock outstanding.

Preferred Stock

        Upon completion of the offering, our certificate of incorporation will authorize our board of directors, subject to limitations prescribed by law, to establish one or more series or preferred stock and to determine, with respect to any series of preferred stock, the terms and rights of that series, including:

    the designation of the series;

    the number of shares of the series, which our board may, except where otherwise provided in the preferred stock designation, increase and decrease, but not below the number of shares then outstanding;

    whether dividends, if any, will be cumulative or non-cumulative and the dividend rate of the series;

    the dates at which dividends, if any, will be payable;

    the redemption rights and price or prices, if any, for shares of the series;

    the terms and amounts of any sinking fund provided for the purchase or redemption of shares of the series;

    the amounts payable on shares of the series in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the affairs of our company;

    whether the shares of the series will be convertible into shares of any other class or series, or any other security, of our company or any other corporation, and, if so, the specification of the other class or series or other security, the conversion price or prices or rate or rates, any rate adjustments, the date or dates as of which the shares will be convertible and all other terms and conditions upon which the conversion may be made;

    restrictions on the issuance of shares of the same series or of any other class or series; and

    the voting rights, if any, of the holders of the series.

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Common Stock

        Immediately after the offering, we will have 29,482,009 shares of common stock issued and outstanding. As of March 4, 2005, 23,765,185 shares of our common stock were issued and outstanding (including a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of common stock issuable upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005).

        The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders and do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends as may be from time to time declared by our board out of funds legally available therefor.

        Certain holders of our common stock are parties to agreements that provides for certain rights and restrictions with respect to transfers and voting of their shares. See "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions."

Anti-Takeover Effects of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and Certain Provisions of Delaware Law

        Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws will contain provisions that may have anti-takeover effects. Provisions of Delaware law may have similar effects.

    Removal of Directors, Vacancies

        Our stockholders can only remove directors for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote in the election of directors. Vacancies on our board of directors may be filled only by our board of directors.

    No Cumulative Voting

        Delaware law provides that stockholders are not entitled to the right to cumulative votes in the election of directors unless our certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our certificate of incorporation will not expressly provide for cumulative voting.

    No Stockholder Action by Written Consent; Calling of Special Meetings of Stockholders

        Our certificate of incorporation will prohibit stockholder action by written consent. It also will provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by the board of directors or the chairman of the board of directors.

    Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations

        Our bylaws will provide that stockholders seeking to nominate candidates for election as directors or to bring business before an annual meeting of stockholders must provide timely notice of their proposal in writing to the corporate secretary.

        Generally, to be timely, a stockholder's notice must be received at our principal executive offices not less than 90 nor more than 120 days prior to the first anniversary of the previous year's annual meeting. Our bylaws will also specify requirements as to the form and content of a stockholder's notice. These provisions may impede stockholders' ability to bring matters before an annual meeting of stockholders or make nominations for directors at an annual meeting of stockholders.

Limitations on Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

        Delaware law authorizes corporations to limit or eliminate the personal liability of directors to corporations and their stockholders for monetary damages for breaches of directors' fiduciary duties.

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Our certificate of incorporation will include a provision that eliminates, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, the personal liability of a director to our company or our stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director.

        Subject to certain limitations, our bylaws will provide that we must indemnify our directors and executive officers to the fullest extent not prohibited by Delaware law. We will also be expressly authorized, and intend, to enter into indemnification agreements with our directors, executive officers and certain employees and to carry directors' and officers' insurance providing indemnification for our directors, officers and certain employees for some liabilities. Under these agreements, we will be required to indemnify them against expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement (if such settlement is approved in advance by us), and in each case, to the extent actually and reasonably incurred in connection with any actual or threatened proceeding, if any of them may be made a party to such proceeding because he or she is or was one of our directors or officers. We will be obligated to pay these amounts only if the officer or director acted in good faith and in a manner that he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, our best interests. With respect to any criminal proceeding, we will be obligated to pay these amounts only if the officer or director had no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. The indemnification agreements will also set forth procedures that will apply in the event of a claim for indemnification thereunder. We believe that these indemnification agreements and insurance are useful to attract and retain qualified directors and executive officers.

        The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. These provisions may also have the effect of reducing the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though such an action, if successful, might otherwise benefit us and our stockholders. In addition, your investment may be adversely affected to the extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions.

        Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable.

        There is currently no pending material litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors, officers or employees for which indemnification is sought.

Amendment Provisions

        Our certificate of incorporation will grant our board of directors the authority to amend and repeal our bylaws without a stockholder vote in any manner not inconsistent with the laws of the State of Delaware or our certificate of incorporation.

Delaware Anti-Takeover Statute

        We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Subject to specific exceptions, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a "business combination" with an "interested stockholder" for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless:

    the "business combination," or the transaction in which the stockholder became an "interested stockholder" is approved by the board of directors prior to the date the "interested stockholder" attained that status;

    upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an "interested stockholder," the "interested stockholder" owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the

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      corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced (excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding and not outstanding, voting stock owned by the interested stockholder, those shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers, and employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer); or

    on or subsequent to the date a person became an "interested stockholder," the "business combination" is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the "interested stockholder."

        "Business combinations" include mergers, asset sales and other transactions resulting in a financial benefit to the "interested stockholder." Subject to various exceptions, an "interested stockholder" is a person who, together with his or her affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years did own, 15% or more of the corporation's outstanding voting stock. These restrictions could prohibit or delay the accomplishment of mergers or other takeover or change in control attempts with respect to us and, therefore, may discourage attempts to acquire us.

        In addition, various provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, which are summarized in the above paragraphs, may have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by stockholders.

Authorized but Unissued Capital Stock

        Delaware law does not require stockholder approval for any issuance of authorized shares. However, the listing requirements of the New York Stock Exchange, which would apply so long as our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, require stockholder approval of certain issuances equal to or in excess of 20% of the then-outstanding voting power or the then-outstanding number of shares of common stock. These additional shares may be used for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings, to raise additional capital or to facilitate acquisitions.

        One of the effects of the existence of unissued and unreserved common stock or preferred stock may be to enable our board of directors to issue shares to persons friendly to current management, which issuance could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of our company by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, and thereby protect the continuity of our management and possibly deprive the stockholders of opportunities to sell their shares of common stock at prices higher than prevailing market prices.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

        The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock will be the American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.

Listing

        Our common stock has been approved for listing on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "ACW", subject to official notice of issuance.

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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Sales of Restricted Shares

        Assuming the issuance of a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005, there will be 29,482,009 shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after the offering. Of these shares, the 13,900,000 shares of our common stock sold in the offering will be freely tradable by persons other than our affiliates, as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933.

        After the offering, approximately 15,582,009 shares of common stock will be either "restricted securities" or affiliate securities as defined in Rule 144. Subject to the 180-day lock-up agreements with the underwriters, these restricted securities may be sold in the future without registration under the Securities Act to the extent permitted under Rule 144. Approximately 14,479,557 outstanding shares of these restricted or affiliate securities will be eligible for sale under Rule 144 subject to applicable holding period, volume limitations, manner of sale and notice requirements set forth in applicable SEC rules, and approximately 1,102,452 shares of the restricted securities will be saleable without regard to these restrictions under Rule 144(k).

Rule 144

        In general, under Rule 144, a stockholder who has beneficially owned his or her restricted shares for at least one year is entitled to sell, within any three-month period, a number of shares of our common stock that does not exceed the greater of:

    1% of the then-outstanding shares of our common stock, which is approximately 294,820 shares of our common stock immediately after the completion of the offering; or

    the average weekly trading volume in our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange during the four calendar weeks preceding the date on which notice of such sale is filed, provided certain requirements concerning availability of public information, manner of sale and notice of sale are satisfied.

        In addition, our affiliates must comply with the restrictions and requirements of Rule 144, other than the one-year holding period requirement, in order to publicly sell shares of our common stock which are not restricted securities. A stockholder who is not one of our affiliates and has not been our affiliate for at least three months prior to the sale and who has beneficially owned restricted shares of our common stock for at least two years may resell the shares without limitation. In meeting the one- and two-year holding periods described above, a holder of restricted shares of our common stock can include the holding period of a prior owner who was not our affiliate. The one- and two-year holding periods described above do not begin to run until the full purchase price or other consideration is paid by the person acquiring the restricted shares of our common stock from us or one of our affiliates.

Rule 701

        Under Rule 701, common stock acquired upon the exercise of certain currently outstanding options or pursuant to other rights granted under our stock plans may be resold, to the extent not subject to lock-up agreements, (1) by persons other than affiliates, beginning 90 days after the effective date of this offering, subject only to the manner-of-sale provisions of Rule 144, and (2) by affiliates, subject to the manner-of-sale, current public information, and filing requirements of Rule 144, in each case, without compliance with the one-year holding period requirement of Rule 144.

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Form S-8 Registration Statements

        We intend to file one or more registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act following this offering to register our shares of common stock that are issuable pursuant to our 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan for Employees of Accuride Corporation and Subsidiaries and our Accuride Corporation 2005 Incentive Award Plan. These registration statements are expected to become effective upon filing. Shares covered by these registration statements will then be eligible for sale in the public markets, subject to any applicable lock-up agreements and to Rule 144 limitations applicable to affiliates.

Registration Rights

        We granted all of our stockholders prior to the offering registration rights with respect to the shares of our common stock that each of them owns and will own upon the consummation of the offering. For a more complete description of the terms of the registration rights, see "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Registration Rights Agreement."

        Any sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sale may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. See "Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Offering and Our Common Stock—Future sales of our common stock may depress our stock price."

Lock-Up Agreements

        We and our executive officers and directors and substantially all of our stockholders have agreed that, with limited exceptions, during the period beginning from the date of this prospectus and continuing to and including the date 180 days after the date of this prospectus, none of us will, directly or indirectly, sell, offer, contract to sell, pledge, establish an open "put equivalent position" within the meaning of Rule 16a-1(h) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise dispose of any shares of our common stock, options or warrants to acquire shares of our common stock or publicly announce an intention to do any of the foregoing, without the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and UBS Securities LLC.

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME AND ESTATE TAX CONSEQUENCES FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS

        The following discussion describes the material U.S. federal income and estate tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of our common stock acquired pursuant to this prospectus by a beneficial owner that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is a "non-U.S. holder" as we define that term below. We assume in this discussion that non-U.S. holders will hold our common stock as a capital asset, which generally is property held for investment. Except as provided in the discussion of estate tax, the term "non-U.S. holder" means a beneficial owner of our common stock that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is not a partnership or any of the following:

    an individual who is a citizen or resident of the U.S.;

    a corporation, including any entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, that is organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

    an estate, the income of which is includible in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or

    a trust, in general, if (i) a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons have authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (ii) the trust was in existence on August 20, 1996, was treated as a U.S. person prior to such date, and validly elected to continue to be so treated.

        This discussion does not consider U.S. state or local or non-U.S. tax consequences, and it does not consider all aspects of U.S. federal income and estate taxation that may be important to particular non-U.S. holders in light of their individual investment circumstances, such as special tax rules that may apply to a non-U.S. holder that is a dealer in securities or foreign currencies, financial institution, bank, insurance company, tax-exempt organization or former citizen or former long-term resident of the United States, or that holds our common stock as part of a "straddle," "hedge," "conversion transaction," "synthetic security," or other integrated investment or is subject to the constructive sale rules. We also do not discuss the federal tax treatment of beneficial owners that are partnerships or other entities treated as partnerships or flow-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes or investors in such entities.

        If a partnership is a beneficial owner of our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. A beneficial owner of our common stock that is a partnership and partners in such a partnership should consult their tax advisors about the U.S. federal income tax consequences of acquiring, owning, and disposing of our common stock.

        The following discussion is based on provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), applicable U.S. Treasury regulations and administrative and judicial interpretations, all as in effect as of the date of this prospectus. All of these authorities are subject to change, retroactively or prospectively. No ruling has been or will be sought from the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") with respect to the matters discussed below, and there can be no assurance that the IRS will not take a contrary position regarding the tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership or disposition of our common stock, or that any such contrary position would not be sustained by a court. We advise each prospective investor to consult its own tax advisor regarding the federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax consequences applicable to such investor with respect to acquiring, owning, and disposing of our common stock.

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Distributions on Common Stock

        If we make cash or other property distributions on our common stock, such distributions will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Distributions in excess of our earnings and profits will constitute a return of capital that will first be applied against and reduce the non-U.S. holder's adjusted tax basis in our common stock, but not below zero. Any remaining excess will be treated as gain realized on the sale or other disposition of the common stock and will be treated as described under "—Gain on Disposition of Common Stock" below.

        Dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder that are not effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States will generally be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at the rate of 30 percent, or if a tax treaty applies, a lower rate specified by the treaty. Non-U.S. holders should consult their tax advisers regarding their entitlement to benefits under a relevant income tax treaty.

        Dividends that are effectively connected with a non-U.S. holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States and, if an income tax treaty applies, are attributable to a permanent establishment in the United States, are taxed on a net income basis at the regular graduated U.S. federal income tax rates in much the same manner as if the non-U.S. holder was a U.S. person. In such cases, we will not have to withhold U.S. federal income tax if the non-U.S. holder complies with applicable certification requirements. In addition, if the non-U.S. holder is a corporation, a "branch profits tax" equal to 30 percent (or lower applicable treaty rate) may be imposed on a portion of its effectively connected earnings and profits for the taxable year. Non-U.S. holders should consult any applicable tax treaties that may provide for different rules.

        To claim the benefit of a tax treaty or an exemption from withholding because the dividends are effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States, a non-U.S. holder must either (a) provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or Form W-8ECI (as applicable) before the payment of dividends or (b) if our common stock is held through certain foreign intermediaries, satisfy the relevant certification requirements of applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. These forms must be periodically updated. Non-U.S. holders may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim for refund.

Gain on Disposition of Common Stock

        A non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or any withholding thereof with respect to gain recognized on a sale or other disposition of our common stock unless one of the following applies:

    the gain is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder's conduct of a trade or business in the United States and, if an income tax treaty applies, is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the non-U.S. holder in the United States; in these cases, the non-U.S. holder will generally be taxed on its net gain derived from the disposition at the regular graduated U.S. federal income tax rates in much the same manner as if the non-U.S. holder was a U.S. person and, if the non-U.S. holder is a foreign corporation, the "branch profits tax" described above may also apply;

    the non-U.S. holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the disposition and meets certain other requirements; in this case, the non-U.S. holder will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or a reduced rate under an applicable treaty) on the amount by which capital gains (including gain recognized on a sale or other disposition of our common stock) allocable to U.S. sources exceed capital losses allocable to U.S. sources; or

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    our common stock constitutes a "United States real property interest" by reason of our status as a "United States real property holding corporation," or a "USRPHC," for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time during the shorter of the 5-year period ending on the date you dispose of our common stock or the period you held our common stock (the "applicable period"). The determination of whether we are a USRPHC depends on the fair market value of our United States real property interests relative to the fair market value of our other business assets. We believe that we are currently not and do not anticipate becoming a USRPHC. However, there is no assurance that our determination is correct or that we will not become a USRPHC in the future as a result of a change in our assets or operations.

Even if we are or later become a USRPHC, as long as our common stock is "regularly traded on an established securities market" within the meaning of Section 897(c)(3) of the Code, such common stock will be treated as a United States real property interest only if you owned directly or indirectly more than 5% of such regularly traded common stock at any time during the applicable period. We believe that our common stock will be "regularly traded on an established securities market." If we are or were to become a USRPHC, and a non-U.S. holder owned directly or indirectly more than 5% of our common stock at any time during the applicable period or our common stock were not considered to be "regularly traded on an established securities market," then any gain recognized by a non-U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of our common stock would be treated as effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business (except for purposes of the branch profits tax) and would be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular graduated U.S. federal income tax rates in much the same manner as if the non-U.S. holder was a U.S. person. In such case, the non-U.S. holder would be subject to withholding on the gross proceeds realized with respect to the sale or other disposition of our common stock and any amount withheld in excess of the tax owed as determined in accordance with the preceding sentence may be refundable if the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

        We must report annually to the IRS and to each non-U.S. holder the amount of dividends paid to that holder and the tax withheld from those dividends. These reporting requirements apply regardless of whether withholding was reduced or eliminated by an applicable tax treaty. Copies of the information returns reporting those dividends and withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the non-U.S. holder is a resident under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty or agreement.

        Under some circumstances, U.S. Treasury regulations require additional information reporting and backup withholding on dividend payments on common stock. The gross amount of dividends paid to a non-U.S. holder that fails to certify its non-U.S. holder status in accordance with applicable U.S. Treasury regulations and does not otherwise establish an exemption from backup withholding generally will be subject to backup withholding at the applicable rate, currently 28%.

        The payment of the proceeds of the sale or other disposition of common stock (including a redemption) by a non-U.S. holder through the U.S. office of any broker, U.S. or foreign, generally will be reported to the IRS and subject to backup withholding, unless the non-U.S. holder either certifies its status as a non-U.S. holder under penalties of perjury or otherwise establishes an exemption. The payment of the proceeds of the disposition of common stock by a non-U.S. holder through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker will not be subject to backup withholding or reported to the IRS, unless the non-U.S. broker has certain enumerated connections with the United States. In general, the payment of proceeds from the disposition of common stock through a non-U.S. office of a broker that is a U.S. person or has certain enumerated connections with the United States will be reported to the IRS (but will not be subject to backup withholding), unless the broker receives a statement from the non-U.S. holder that certifies its status as a non-U.S. holder under penalties of perjury or the broker has documentary evidence in its files that the holder is a non-U.S. holder.

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        Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a non-U.S. holder can be refunded or credited against the non-U.S. holder's U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, provided that the required information is furnished to the IRS in a timely manner. These backup withholding and information reporting rules are complex and non-U.S. holders are urged to consult their own advisors regarding the application of these rules to them.

Estate Tax

        Common stock owned or treated as owned by an individual who is not considered a citizen or resident of the United States for U.S. federal estate tax purposes, at the time of death will be included in the individual's gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes unless an applicable estate tax or other treaty provides otherwise and, therefore, may be subject to U.S. federal estate tax.

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UNDERWRITING

        Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and UBS Securities LLC are acting as joint book-running managers of the offering and as representatives of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus, each underwriter named below has agreed to purchase, and we and the selling stockholders have agreed to sell to that underwriter, the number of shares set forth opposite the underwriter's name.

Underwriter

  Number of
shares

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.    
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.    
UBS Securities LLC    
Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated    
Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.    
Chatsworth Securities LLC    
FTN Midwest Securities Corp    
Tri-Artisan Partners LLC    
   
Total   13,900,000
   

        The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the shares included in this offering are subject to approval of legal matters by counsel and to other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to purchase all the shares (other than those covered by the over-allotment option described below) if they purchase any of the shares.

        The underwriters propose to offer some of the shares directly to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and some of the shares to dealers at the public offering price less a concession not to exceed $        per share. The underwriters may allow, and dealers may reallow, a concession not to exceed $        per share on sales to other dealers. If all of the shares are not sold at the initial offering price, the representatives may change the public offering price and the other selling terms. The representatives have advised us and the selling stockholders that the underwriters do not intend sales to discretionary accounts to exceed five percent of the total number of shares of our common stock offered by them.

        The selling stockholders have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to 2,085,000 additional shares of common stock at the public offering price less the underwriting discount. The underwriters may exercise the option solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any, in connection with this offering. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter must purchase a number of additional shares approximately proportionate to that underwriter's initial purchase commitment.

        We, our officers and directors, the selling stockholders and substantially all of our other stockholders have agreed that, for a period of 180 days from the date of this prospectus, we and they will not, without the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and UBS Securities LLC, dispose of or hedge any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock. Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and UBS Securities LLC in their sole discretion may release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time without notice.

        At our request, the underwriters have reserved up to 2% of the shares of common stock for sale at the initial public offering price to persons who are directors, officers or employees, or who are otherwise associated with us through a directed share program. The number of shares of common stock available for sale to the general public will be reduced by the number of directed shares purchased by participants in the program. Any directed shares not purchased will be offered by the underwriters to the general public on the same basis as all other shares of common stock offered. We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities and expenses, including liabilities under the Securities Act, in connection with the sales of the directed shares.

134


        Each underwriter has represented, warranted and agreed that:

    it has not offered or sold and, prior to the expiry of a period of six months from the closing date, will not offer or sell any shares included in this offering to persons in the United Kingdom except to persons whose ordinary activities involve them in acquiring, holding, managing or disposing of investments (as principal or agent) for the purposes of their businesses or otherwise in circumstances which have not resulted and will not result in an offer to the public in the United Kingdom within the meaning of the Public Offers of Securities Regulations 1995;

    it has only communicated and caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 ("FSMA")) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of any shares included in this offering in circumstances in which section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to us; and

    it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the shares included in this offering in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

        The following table shows the underwriting discounts and commissions that we and the selling stockholders are to pay to the underwriters in connection with this offering. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares of common stock.

 
  Paid by Accuride
  Paid by selling stockholders
 
  No Exercise
  Full Exercise
  No Exercise
  Full Exercise
Per share   $     $     $     $  
Total   $     $     $     $  

        In connection with the offering, Citigroup Global Markets Inc. on behalf of the underwriters, may purchase and sell shares of common stock in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, syndicate covering transactions and stabilizing transactions. Short sales involve syndicate sales of common stock in excess of the number of shares to be purchased by the underwriters in the offering, which creates a syndicate short position. "Covered" short sales are sales of shares made in an amount up to the number of shares represented by the underwriters' over-allotment option. In determining the source of shares to close out the covered syndicate short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the over-allotment option. Transactions to close out the covered syndicate short involve either purchases of the common stock in the open market after the distribution has been completed or the exercise of the over-allotment option. The underwriters may also make "naked" short sales of shares in excess of the over-allotment option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares of common stock in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of bids for or purchases of shares in the open market while the offering is in progress.

        The underwriters also may impose a penalty bid. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when Citigroup Global Markets Inc. repurchases shares originally sold by that syndicate member in order to cover syndicate short positions or make stabilizing purchases.

        Any of these activities may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock. They may also cause the price of the common stock to be higher than the price that would otherwise exist in the open market in the absence of these transactions. The underwriters

135



may conduct these transactions on the New York Stock Exchange or in the over-the-counter market, or otherwise. If the underwriters commence any of these transactions, they may discontinue them at any time.

        We estimate that our portion of the total expenses of this offering will be $3,250,000.

        The underwriters and their affiliates have performed investment banking and advisory services for us from time to time for which they have received customary fees and expenses. The underwriters and their affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business. Citigroup Global Markets Inc. is a joint lead arranger and joint book-runner of our new senior credit facilities. Citicorp USA, Inc., an affiliate of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., is the administrative agent and swing line bank under our new senior credit facilities, and Citibank, N.A., an affiliate of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., is an issuing bank under our new senior credit facilities. UBS Securities LLC is the documentation agent under our new senior credit facilities, and UBS AG, Stamford Branch, an affiliate of UBS Securities LLC, is an issuing bank under our new senior credit facilities. Affiliates of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and UBS Securities LLC are lenders under our new senior credit facilities. See "Description of Certain Indebtedness—Senior Credit Facilities" for additional information relating to the terms of these facilities. In addition, Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and UBS Securities LLC were initial purchasers in connection with the offering of our 81/2% senior subordinated notes due 2015. See "Description of Certain Indebtedness—Senior Subordinated Notes" for additional information relating to the senior subordinated notes.

        A prospectus in electronic format may be made available by one or more of the underwriters. The representatives may agree to allocate a number of shares to underwriters for sale to their online brokerage account holders. The representatives will allocate shares to underwriters that may make Internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations. In addition, shares may be sold by the underwriters to securities dealers who resell shares to online brokerage account holders.

        We and the selling stockholders have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make because of any of those liabilities.

        Prior to the offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price for the common stock will be determined by negotiations among us, the selling stockholders and the underwriters. The principal factors considered in determining the initial public offering price will include:

    the history of and prospects for our industry;

    an assessment of our management;

    our present operations;

    our historical results of operations;

    our earnings prospects;

    the general condition of the securities markets at the time of the offering; and

    the recent market prices of, and the demand for, publicly traded common stock of generally comparable companies.

        We cannot be sure that the initial public offering price will correspond to the price at which the common stock will trade in the public market following this offering or that an active trading market for the common stock will develop and continue after this offering.

136



LEGAL MATTERS

        Certain legal matters with respect to the validity of the common stock offered in this prospectus will be passed upon for us by Latham & Watkins LLP, Chicago, Illinois. Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP, New York, New York, will act as counsel for the underwriters. Certain partners of Latham & Watkins LLP, members of their families, related persons and others have an indirect interest, through limited partnerships, through KKR 1996 Fund L.P., in less than 1% of the common stock of the Company. Certain partners of Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP, members of their families, related persons and others have an indirect interest, through limited partnerships, through KKR 1996 Fund L.P., in less than 1% of the common stock of the Company. In addition, Latham & Watkins LLP and Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP have in the past provided, and may continue to provide, legal services to KKR and its affiliates, including KKR 1996 Fund L.P.


EXPERTS

        The consolidated financial statements of Accuride as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004, included in this prospectus have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent registered public accounting firm as stated in their report appearing herein, and have been so included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

        The consolidated financial statements of TTI as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004, included in this prospectus have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent registered public accounting firm as stated in their report appearing herein (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph referring to the adoption of SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets"), and have been so included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.


WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

        We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act that registers the common stock to be sold in the offering. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits filed as part of the registration statement. For further information with respect to us and our common stock, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits filed as a part of the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus concerning the contents of any contract or any other document are not necessarily complete. If a contract or document has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, we refer you to the copy of the contract or document that has been filed. Each statement in this prospectus relating to a contract or document filed as an exhibit is qualified in all respects by the filed exhibit. In addition, we will file reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The reports and other information we file with the SEC can be read and copied at the SEC's Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington D.C. 20549. Copies of these materials can be obtained at prescribed rates from the Public Reference Section of the SEC at the principal offices of the SEC, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington D.C. 20549. You may obtain information regarding the operation of the public reference room by calling 1 (800) SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a web site (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.

        We intend to provide our stockholders with annual reports containing, among other information, financial statements audited by an independent public accounting firm and we intend to make available to our stockholders quarterly reports containing unaudited financial data for the first three quarters of each fiscal year. We also intend to furnish other reports as we may determine or as required by law.

137



ACCURIDE CORPORATION

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 
  Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm   F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2003 and 2004   F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004   F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficiency) for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004   F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004   F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements   F-7

F-1


        The accompanying consolidated financial statements give effect to the 591-for-one split of the outstanding common stock of Accuride Corporation which will take place on the effective date of the offering. The following report is in the form which will be furnished by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, upon completion of the stock split of the Company's outstanding common stock described in Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements and assuming that from February 18, 2005 to the date of such completion no other material events have occurred that would affect the accompanying consolidated financial statements or required disclosure therein.


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

"Board of Directors and Stockholders
Accuride Corporation
Evansville, Indiana

        We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Accuride Corporation and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficiency), and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

        We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Accuride Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Indianapolis, Indiana
February 4, 2005 (February 18, 2005 as to Notes 6 and 17 and April     , 2005 as to Note 18)"

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Indianapolis, Indiana
March 31, 2005

F-2



ACCURIDE CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 
  December 31,
 
 
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (in thousands except share data)

 
ASSETS              

CURRENT ASSETS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Cash and cash equivalents   $ 42,692   $ 71,843  
  Customer receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $822 and $515 in 2003 and 2004, respectively     36,309     55,067  
  Other receivables     8,403     4,008  
  Inventories     33,435     47,343  
  Supplies     10,717     13,027  
  Deferred income taxes     4,276     3,671  
  Prepaid expenses and other current assets     924     4,849  
   
 
 
    Total current assets     136,756     199,808  

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT—Net

 

 

206,660

 

 

205,369

 

OTHER ASSETS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Goodwill     123,197     123,197  
  Investment in affiliates     3,106     3,752  
  Deferred financing costs, net of accumulated amortization of $6,847 and $8,537 in 2003 and 2004, respectively     5,458     3,805  
  Deferred income taxes     26,231     16,900  
  Pension benefit plan asset     26,887     30,924  
  Other     2     88  
   
 
 
TOTAL   $ 528,297   $ 583,843  
   
 
 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Accounts payable   $ 34,128   $ 54,952  
  Current portion of long-term debt     1,900     1,900  
  Accrued payroll and compensation     9,185     12,848  
  Accrued interest payable     8,824     8,142  
  Income taxes payable     1,090     7,790  
  Accrued and other liabilities     4,992     6,489  
   
 
 
    Total current liabilities     60,119     92,121  

LONG-TERM DEBT—Less current portion

 

 

488,575

 

 

486,780

 

OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLAN LIABILITY

 

 

20,665

 

 

22,987

 

PENSION BENEFIT PLAN LIABILITY

 

 

24,376

 

 

25,836

 

OTHER LIABILITIES

 

 

404

 

 

691

 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Notes 12 and 13)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 5,000 shares authorized and unissued              
  Common stock, $.01 par value; 26,595,000 and 38,415,000 shares authorized, 14,731,502 and 14,733,511 shares issued, and 14,656,445 and 14,658,454 shares outstanding in 2003 and 2004, respectively     147     147  
  Additional paid-in-capital     51,923     51,939  
  Treasury stock 75,057 shares at cost     (735 )   (735 )
  Stock subscriptions receivable     (15 )      
  Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)     (11,576 )   (12,113 )
  Retained earnings (deficit)     (105,586 )   (83,810 )
   
 
 
    Total stockholders' equity (deficiency)     (65,842 )   (44,572 )
   
 
 
TOTAL   $ 528,297   $ 583,843  
   
 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-3



ACCURIDE CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 
  Year ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (in thousands except share and per share amounts)

 
NET SALES   $ 345,549   $ 364,258   $ 494,008  

COST OF GOODS SOLD

 

 

286,232

 

 

301,428

 

 

390,893

 
   
 
 
 

GROSS PROFIT

 

 

59,317

 

 

62,830

 

 

103,115

 

OPERATING EXPENSES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Selling, general and administrative     24,014     23,918     25,550  
   
 
 
 

INCOME FROM OPERATIONS

 

 

35,303

 

 

38,912

 

 

77,565

 

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Interest income     315     252     244  
  Interest expense     (42,332 )   (38,865 )   (37,089 )
  Refinancing costs           (11,264 )      
  Equity in earnings of affiliates     182     485     646  
  Other income (expense)—net     1,430     825     108  
   
 
 
 

INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES

 

 

(5,102

)

 

(9,655

)

 

41,474

 

INCOME TAX PROVISION (BENEFIT)

 

 

5,839

 

 

(930

)

 

19,698

 
   
 
 
 

NET INCOME (LOSS)

 

$

(10,941

)

$

(8,725

)

$

21,776

 
   
 
 
 

Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic

 

 

14,654,436

 

 

14,654,938

 

 

14,656,948

 

Basic income (loss) per share

 

$

(0.75

)

$

(0.60

)

$

1.49

 
   
 
 
 

Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted

 

 

14,654,436

 

 

14,654,938

 

 

15,224,332

 

Diluted income (loss) per share

 

$

(0.75

)

$

(0.60

)

$

1.43

 
   
 
 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-4



ACCURIDE CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY)

(Dollars in thousands)

 
  Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

  Common
Stock

  Additional
Paid-in-
Capital

  Treasury
Stock

  Stock
Subscriptions
Receivable

  Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

  Retained
Earnings
(Deficit)

  Total
Stockholders'
Equity
(Deficiency)

 
BALANCE—January 1, 2002:                                                  
  As reported               $ 24,939   $ (735 ) $ (638 )       $ (85,920 ) $ (62,354 )
  591-for-one stock split           147     (147 )                              
         
 
 
 
       
 
 
BALANCE—as adjusted           147     24,792     (735 )   (638 )         (85,920 )   (62,354 )
  Net loss   $ (10,941 )                                 (10,941 )   (10,941 )
  Proceeds from stock subscriptions receivable                             517                 517  
  Recognition of deferred taxes related to recapitalization                 27,126                             27,126  
  Other comprehensive income (loss):                                                  
    Unrealized gain on foreign currency hedges (net of tax)     193                           $ 193           193  
    Minimum pension liability adjustment (net of tax)     (7,790 )                           (7,790 )         (7,790 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Comprehensive income (loss)   $ (18,538 )                                          
   
                                           

BALANCE—December 31, 2002

 

 

 

 

 

147

 

 

51,918

 

 

(735

)

 

(121

)

 

(7,597

)

 

(96,861

)

 

(53,249

)
  Net loss   $ (8,725 )                                 (8,725 )   (8,725 )
  Exercise of stock options                 5                             5  
  Proceeds from stock subscriptions receivable                             106                 106  
  Recognition of deferred taxes related to recapitalization                                                  
  Other comprehensive income (loss):                                                  
    Recognition of realized loss on foreign currency hedges (net of tax)     (193 )                           (193 )         (193 )
    Minimum pension liability adjustment (net of tax)     (3,786 )                           (3,786 )         (3,786 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Comprehensive income (loss)   $ (12,704 )                                          
   
                                           

BALANCE—December 31, 2003

 

 

 

 

 

147

 

 

51,923

 

 

(735

)

 

(15

)

 

(11,576

)

 

(105,586

)

 

(65,842

)
  Net Income   $ 21,776                                   21,776     21,776  
  Exercise of stock options                 16                             16  
  Proceeds from stock subscriptions receivable                             15                 15  
  Other comprehensive income (loss):                                                  
    Change in fair market value of cash flow hedges (net of tax)     464                             464           464  
    Minimum pension liability adjustment (net of tax)     (1,001 )                           (1,001 )         (1,001 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Comprehensive income   $ 21,239                                            
   
                                           
BALANCE—December 31, 2004         $ 147   $ 51,939   $ (735 ) $ 0   $ (12,113 ) $ (83,810 ) $ (44,572 )
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-5



ACCURIDE CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 
  Years Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  (In thousands)

 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:                    
  Net income (loss)   $ (10,941 ) $ (8,725 ) $ 21,776  
  Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:                    
    Depreciation and impairment     28,213     29,804     28,438  
    Amortization     2,527     2,077     1,795  
    Amortization—deferred financing costs related to refinancing           2,248        
    Gain (loss) on disposal of assets     (187 )   4     (284 )
    Deferred income taxes     13,894     (2,598 )   10,213  
    Equity in earnings of affiliated companies     (182 )   (485 )   (646 )
    Changes in certain assets and liabilities:                    
      Receivables     (5,568 )   (11,839 )   (13,954 )
      Inventories and supplies     2,712     (9,091 )   (16,218 )
      Prepaid expenses and other assets     (1,601 )   817     (8,861 )
      Accounts payable     (1,254 )   5,546     20,824  
      Accrued and other liabilities     (12,306 )   206     15,246  
   
 
 
 
        Net cash provided by operating activities     15,307     7,964     58,329  
   
 
 
 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Purchases of property, plant and equipment     (19,316 )   (20,261 )   (26,421 )
  Capitalized interest     (450 )   (411 )   (851 )
  Cash distribution from affiliate           1,000        
   
 
 
 
        Net cash used in investing activities     (19,766 )   (19,672 )   (27,272 )
   
 
 
 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Payments on long-term debt     (12,500 )   (128,785 )   (1,900 )
  Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt           180,000        
  Increase in revolving credit advance     10,000     20,000        
  Decrease in revolving credit advance           (55,000 )      
  Deferred financing fees           (3,192 )   (37 )
  Proceeds from issuance of shares           5     16  
  Proceeds from stock subscriptions receivable     517     106     15  
   
 
 
 
        Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities     (1,983 )   13,134     (1,906 )
   
 
 
 

INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

 

 

(6,442

)

 

1,426

 

 

29,151

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—Beginning of year

 

 

47,708

 

 

41,266

 

 

42,692

 
   
 
 
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS—End of year   $ 41,266   $ 42,692   $ 71,843  
   
 
 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-6



ACCURIDE CORPORATION

For the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003, and 2004

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

        Basis of Consolidation—The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Accuride Corporation (the "Company") and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Accuride Canada, Inc. ("Accuride Canada"), Accuride Erie L.P. ("Accuride Erie"), and Accuride de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. ("AdM"). All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated. Investments in affiliated companies in which the Company does not have a controlling interest are accounted for using the equity method.

        Business of the Company—The Company is engaged primarily in the design, manufacture and distribution of wheels and rims for trucks, trailers and certain military and construction vehicles. The Company sells its products primarily within North America and Latin America to original equipment manufacturers and to the aftermarket. The Company's primary manufacturing facilities are located in Henderson, Kentucky; Erie, Pennsylvania; Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio; London, Ontario, Canada; and Monterrey, Mexico.

        Management's Estimates and Assumptions—The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

        Revenue Recognition—The Company records sales upon shipment net of customer rebates and discounts.

        Inventories—Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost for substantially all inventories, except AdM, is determined by the last-in, first-out method (LIFO). Inventories at AdM are determined using average cost. The Company reviews inventory on hand and records provisions for excess and obsolete inventory based on its assessment of future demand and historical experience.

        Supplies—Supplies primarily consist of spare parts and consumables used in the manufacturing process. Supplies are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost for substantially all supplies is determined by a moving-average method. The Company performs annual evaluations of supplies and provides an allowance for obsolete items based on usage activity.

        Investment in Affiliate—Included in "Equity in earnings of affiliates" is the Company's 50% interest in the earnings of AOT, Inc. ("AOT"). AOT is a joint venture between the Company and The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company formed to provide sequenced wheel and tire assemblies for Navistar International Transportation Corporation. The Company's investment in AOT at December 31, 2003 and 2004 totaled $3,106 and $3,752, respectively.

        Property, Plant and Equipment—Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost and are depreciated using primarily the straight-line method over their expected useful lives as follows:

Buildings and improvements   15-30 years
Factory machinery and equipment   10 years
Office furniture and fixtures   10 years
Tools, Dies and Molds   3 years

F-7


        Deferred Financing Costs—Direct costs incurred in connection with the Recapitalization (see Note 2) and the Credit Agreement (see Note 6) have been deferred and are being amortized over the life of the related debt using the effective interest method.

        Goodwill—Goodwill consists of costs in excess of the net assets acquired in connection with the Phelps Dodge Corporation ("PDC") acquisition of the Company in March 1988 and the Accuride Erie and AdM acquisitions in April 1999 and July 1999, respectively. Effective January 1, 2002, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 142, Accounting for Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Accordingly, the Company no longer amortizes goodwill, but tests for impairment at least annually. This impairment test was performed in the fourth quarter of 2004, and there was no indication of impairment.

        Long-Lived Assets—The Company evaluates its long-lived assets to be held and used and its identifiable intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in economic circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Impairment is determined by comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the net undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the related asset group. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are carried at the lower of cost or fair value less the costs of disposal (See Note 5).

        Pension Plans—The Company has trusteed, non-contributory pension plans covering substantially all U.S. and Canadian employees. For certain plans, the benefits are based on career average salary and years of service and, for other plans, a fixed amount for each year of service. The Company's funding policy provides that payments to the pension trusts shall be at least equal to the minimum legal funding requirements.

        Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions—The Company has postretirement health care and life insurance benefit plans covering substantially all U.S. non-bargained and Canadian employees. The Company accounts for these benefits on an accrual basis and provides for the expected cost of such postretirement benefits accrued during the years employees render the necessary service. The Company's funding policy provides that payments to participants shall be at least equal to its cash basis obligation.

        Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions—The Company has certain postemployment benefit plans covering certain U.S. and Canadian employees which provide severance benefits. The Company accounts for these benefits on an accrual basis.

        Income Taxes—Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based on differences between financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted income tax rates. Deferred income tax expense or benefit is based on the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities from period to period, subject to an ongoing assessment of realization of deferred tax assets. Management judgment is required in developing the Company's provision for income taxes, including the determination of deferred tax assets, liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against the deferred tax assets. The Company evaluates quarterly the realizability of its net deferred tax assets by assessing the valuation allowance and adjusting the amount of such allowance, if necessary. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization are the Company's forecast of taxable income and the

F-8



availability of tax planning strategies that can be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. Although realization of our net deferred tax assets is not certain, the Company has concluded that it will more likely than not realize the deferred tax assets, excluding certain state net operating losses for which the Company has provided a valuation allowance.

        Research and Development Costs—Expenditures relating to the development of new products and processes, including significant improvements and refinements to existing products, are expensed as incurred. The amounts expensed in the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003, and 2004 totaled $5,335, $5,523, and $6,185, respectively.

        Foreign Currency—The assets and liabilities of Accuride Canada and AdM that are receivable or payable in cash are converted at current exchange rates, and inventories and other non-monetary assets and liabilities are converted at historical rates. Revenues and expenses are converted at average rates in effect for the period. The functional currencies of Accuride Canada and AdM have been determined to be the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, gains and losses resulting from conversion of such amounts, as well as gains and losses on foreign currency transactions, are included in operating results as "Other income (expense), net." The Company had aggregate foreign currency gains (losses) of ($1,778), $872, and $1,436 for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003, and 2004, respectively.

        Concentrations of Credit Risk—Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, customer receivables, and derivative financial instruments. The Company places its cash and cash equivalents and executes derivatives with high quality financial institutions. Generally, the Company does not require collateral or other security to support customer receivables.

        Derivative Financial Instruments—The Company uses derivative instruments to manage exposure to foreign currency, commodity prices, and interest rate risks. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The derivative instruments used by the Company include interest rate, foreign exchange, and commodity price instruments. All derivative instruments are recognized on the balance sheet at their estimated fair value. See Note 13 for the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of these instruments.

            Interest Rate Instruments—The Company uses interest rate swap agreements as a means of fixing the interest rate on portions of the Company's floating-rate debt. No interest rate instruments were outstanding as of December 31, 2004 and 2003. Interest rate swaps not designated as hedges for financial reporting purposes were carried in the financial statements at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses reflected in current period earnings as "Other income (expense), net". The settlement amounts from the swap agreements were reported in the financial statements as a component of interest. The Company uses interest rate cap agreements to set ceilings on the maximum interest rate the Company would incur on portions of the Company's floating-rate debt. An interest rate cap would be carried in the financial statements at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses reflected in current period earnings as "Other income (expense), net". In the event that the cap was exercised, any realized gain would be recorded in the financial statements as a component of interest.

F-9


            Foreign Exchange Instruments—The Company uses foreign currency forward contracts and options to limit foreign exchange risk on anticipated but not yet committed transactions expected to be denominated in Canadian dollars. Prior to August 1, 2002, the Company did not designate the forward contracts as hedges for financial reporting purposes and, accordingly, carried these instruments in the financial statements at fair value, with realized and unrealized gains or losses reflected in current period earnings as "Other income (expense), net." On August 1, 2002, the Company designated the outstanding forward contracts as cash flow hedges. Based on historical experience and analysis performed by the Company, management expects that these derivative instruments will be highly effective in offsetting the change in the value of the anticipated transactions being hedged. As such, unrealized gains or losses are deferred in "Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)" with only realized gains or losses reflected in current period earnings as "Cost of Goods Sold". However, to the extent that any of these contracts are not highly effective, any changes in fair value resulting from ineffectiveness will be immediately recognized in "Cost of Goods Sold". The total notional amount of outstanding forward contracts at December 31, 2003 and 2004 was $0 and $24,844, respectively.

            Commodity Price Instruments—The Company uses commodity price swap contracts to limit exposure to changes in certain raw material prices. Commodity price instruments, which do not meet the normal purchase exception, are not designated as hedges for financial reporting purposes and, accordingly, are carried in the financial statements at fair value, with realized and unrealized gains and losses reflected in current period earnings as "Other income (expense), net". The Company had no outstanding commodity price swaps at December 31, 2003 and 2004.

The realized and unrealized gain (loss) on the Company's derivative financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003, and 2004 are as follows:

 
  Interest Rate
Instruments

  Foreign Exchange
Instruments

  Commodity Price
Instruments

 
 
  Realized
Gain (loss)

  Unrealized
Gain (Loss)

  Realized
Gain (loss)

  Unrealized
Gain (Loss)

  Realized
Gain (loss)

  Unrealized
Gain (Loss)

 
2002   $ (5,323 ) $ 2,940   $ 166   $ 193   $ (540 ) $ 650  
2003             4,042         (29 )   (47 )
2004             2,800              

        Earnings Per Share—Earnings per share are calculated as net income divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period after giving retroactive effect for the 591-for-one stock split of the Company's common stock (see Note 18). Diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income by this weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus common stock equivalents outstanding during the year. Employee stock options outstanding to acquire 1,400,079 shares in 2002 and 1,285,398 shares in 2003 were not included in the computation of diluted

F-10



earnings per common share because the effect would be antidilutive. There were no antidilutive options outstanding in 2004.

 
  December 31,
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
Average common shares outstanding   14,654,436   14,654,938   14,656,948
Dilutive stock equivalents       567,384
   
 
 
Average common and common equivalent shares outstanding   14,654,436   14,654,938   15,224,332
   
 
 

        Stock Based Compensation—On December 31, 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation-Transition and Disclosure. This statement amends SFAS Statement No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation and provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based methods of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, this Statement amends the disclosure requirements of SFAS 123 to require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results.

        The Company applies APB Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related interpretations in accounting for the plans; accordingly, since the grant price of the stock options was at least 100% of the fair value at the date of the grant, no compensation expense has been recognized by the Company in connection with the option grants. Had compensation cost for the plans been determined based on the fair value at the grant dates for awards under the plan consistent with the fair value method of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation, the effect on the Company's net income (loss) would have been the following:

 
  Year Ended December 31,
 
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
Net income (loss) as reported   $ (10,941 ) $ (8,725 ) $ 21,776  

Add: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under the intrinsic value based method, net of related tax effects

 

 


 

 


 

 


 

Deduct: Total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under the fair value based method, net of related tax effects

 

 

(200

)

 

(76

)

 

(85

)
   
 
 
 
Pro forma net income (loss)   $ (11,141 ) $ (8,801 ) $ 21,691  
   
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) per share—as reported:                    
  Basic   $ (0.75 ) $ (0.60 ) $ 1.49  
   
 
 
 
  Diluted   $ (0.75 ) $ (0.60 ) $ 1.43  
   
 
 
 
Earnings (loss) per share—pro forma:                    
  Basic   $ (0.76 ) $ (0.60 ) $ 1.48  
   
 
 
 
  Diluted   $ (0.76 ) $ (0.60 ) $ 1.42  
   
 
 
 

F-11


        The weighted average fair value of the options granted in 2004 was $2.41. The fair value of the option grants is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: dividend yield equaling 0%, risk-free interest rates of 4.75%, expected volatilities assumed to be 0% and expected lives of approximately 4 years. The weighted average fair value of options granted in 2002 was $2.36. The fair value of the option grants is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: dividend yield equaling 0%, risk-free interest rates ranging from 4.15% - 4.24%, expected volatilities assumed to be 0% and expected lives of approximately 5 years. The pro forma amounts are not representative of the effects on reported net income (loss) for future years.

        Accounting Standards Adopted—Accounting standards adopted during 2004 include Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 106-2, Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003, Interpretation No. 46 Revised (FIN 46R), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, and SFAS No. 132 (Revised 2003), Employers' Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits—an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, and 106.

        FAS 106-2—In December 2003, the President of the United States signed the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act into law. The Act introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare (Medicare Part D) as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D. FASB Statement No. 106, Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions, requires presently enacted changes in relevant laws to be considered in current period measurements of postretirement benefit costs and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation. In May 2004, the FASB issued Staff Position No. FAS 106-2, "Accounting and Disclosure Requirements related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003" which provides authoritative guidance on accounting for the effects of the new Medicare prescription drug legislation. This FSP was effective for the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2004. This law and pronouncement did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

        FIN 46R—In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision to Interpretation 46 (FIN 46R) to clarify some of the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. The term "variable interest" is defined in FIN 46 as "contractual, ownership or other pecuniary interest in an entity that change with changes in the entity's net asset value." Variable interests are investments or other interests that will absorb a portion of an entity's expected losses if they occur or receive portions of the entity's expected residual returns if they occur. The application of FIN 46R did not have an impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.

        SFAS No. 132 (Revised 2003)—In December 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 132 (Revised 2003), Employers' Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits-an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, and 106. This Statement revises employers' disclosures about pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans. It requires additional disclosures to those in the original Statement 132 about the assets, obligations, cash flows, and net periodic benefit cost of defined benefit

F-12



pension plans and other defined benefit postretirement plans. SFAS 132 (Revised 2003) was effective for financial statements with fiscal years ending after December 15, 2003. The Company adopted this statement as of December 31, 2003 and revised its annual disclosures for the year ended December 31, 2003 and its annual and interim disclosures for the year ended December 31, 2004, accordingly.

        New Accounting Standards—New accounting standards which could impact the Company include FASB Statement No. 151, Inventory Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4, FASB Statement No. 153, Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions, FASB Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, and FASB Staff Positions 109-1 and 109-2, Income Taxes.

        SFAS No. 151—In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, Inventory Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4. The amendments made by Statement 151 clarify that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted materials (spoilage) should be recognized as current-period charges and requires the allocation of fixed production overheads to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. The guidance is effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        SFAS No. 153—In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions. The amendments made by Statement 153 are based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. Further, the amendments eliminate the narrow exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replace it with a broader exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. The Statement is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in the fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004)—In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment. The Statement requires that the compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions be recognized in the financial statements. That cost will be measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued. Accuride will be required to apply Statement 123(R) as of the first interim period that begins after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        FASB Staff Positions (FSPs) 109-1 and 109-2—In December 2004, the FASB issued two FSPs that provide accounting guidance on how companies should account for the effects of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 that was signed into law on October 22, 2004. FSP FAS 109-1, Application of FASB Statement No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes", to the Tax Deduction on Qualified Production Activities Provided by the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, states that the manufacturers' deduction provided for under this legislation should be accounted for as a special deduction instead of a tax rate change. FSP FAS 109-2, Accounting and Disclosure Guidance for the Foreign Earnings Repatriation Provision within the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, allows a company additional time to evaluate

F-13



the effects of the legislation on any plan for reinvestment or repatriation of foreign earnings for purposes of applying Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes". These FSPs may affect how a company accounts for deferred income taxes. These FSPs are effective for periods ending on or after December 21, 2004. These FSPs had no effect on the 2004 consolidated financial statements and the Company does not expect these FSPs to impact its future results of operations and financial position.

        Reclassifications—Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements and the notes to conform with current year presentation. Immediately prior to the consummation of the initial public offering, the Company will effect a 591-for-one stock split of the Company's common stock. The par value of the common stock will not be affected by the 591-for-one split of our common stock and will remain at $0.01 per share after the split. All shares and per share references in the consolidated financial statements and related notes are shown to give retroactive effect to the 591-for-one stock split.

2. Recapitalization of Accuride Corporation

        The Company entered into a stock subscription and redemption agreement dated November 17, 1997 (the "Agreement" or "Redemption"), with PDC and Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C. ("Hubcap Acquisition"), a Delaware limited liability company formed at the direction of KKR 1996 Fund L.P., a Delaware limited partnership affiliated with Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co., L.P. ("KKR").

        Pursuant to the Agreement, effective January 21, 1998, Hubcap Acquisition made an equity investment in the Company of $108,000 in exchange for 90% of the Common Stock of the Company after the Recapitalization, as described herein. The Company used the proceeds of this investment, along with $200,000 from the issuance of 9.25% senior subordinated notes at 99.48% of principal value due 2008 and $164,800 in bank borrowing, including $135,000 of borrowings under senior secured term loans due 2005 and 2006 with variable interest rates and $29,800 of borrowings under a $140,000 senior secured revolving line of credit expiring 2004 with a variable interest rate, to redeem $468,000 of Common Stock (the "Recapitalization").

        Subsequent to the Recapitalization, effective September 30, 1998, PDC sold its remaining interest in the Company to an unrelated third party.

        Concurrent with the Agreement, the Company recorded a $18.5 million deferred tax asset related to the increase in the tax basis of assets. During 2002, management determined that an additional $69.7 million in tax basis should be recognized. As a result, the Company recorded a $11.7 million increase in deferred tax assets and reduced deferred tax liabilities by $15.4 million. The amount recorded, totaling $27.1 million, was recognized in additional paid-in-capital as an adjustment to the recapitalization.

F-14


3. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

        For the purpose of preparing the consolidated financial statements, the Company considers all highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Interest paid in the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 was $40,941, $38,854 and $36,935, respectively. The Company received a net refund of income taxes of $2,049 and $7,213 in the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003, respectively. The Company paid income taxes of $3,980 in the year ended December 31, 2004. During 2002, 2003 and 2004, the Company recorded non-cash minimum pension liability adjustments, net of tax, of $7,790, $3,786 and $1,001, respectively, as a component of Other Comprehensive Loss.

4. Inventories

        Inventories at December 31, 2003 and 2004 were as follows:

 
  2003
  2004
Raw materials   $ 4,119   $ 12,590
Work in process     13,354     16,890
Finished manufactured goods     14,520     15,963
LIFO adjustment     1,442     1,900
   
 
Total inventories   $ 33,435   $ 47,343
   
 

        During 2002, 2003 and 2004, certain inventory quantities were reduced, which resulted in liquidations of LIFO inventory layers carried at costs which prevailed in prior years. For the year ended December 31, 2002, the effect of the liquidation was to increase cost of goods sold by $136 and to decrease net income by $83. For the year ended December 31, 2003, the liquidation had no effect on cost of goods sold or net income. For the year ended December 31, 2004, the effect of the liquidation was to decrease cost of goods sold by $23 and to increase net income by $14.

5. Property, Plant and Equipment

        Property, plant and equipment at December 31, 2003 and 2004 consist of the following:

 
  2003
  2004
Land and land improvements   $ 5,907   $ 7,713
Buildings     69,199     69,249
Machinery and equipment     404,506     409,169
   
 
      479,612     486,131
Less accumulated depreciation and impairment     272,952     280,762
   
 
Property, plant and equipment—net   $ 206,660   $ 205,369
   
 

        During 2004, the Company evaluated certain assets that were expected to be replaced during the year or were producing products expected to be phased out and determined $822 of equipment related to a specific production line at its Erie, Pennsylvania facility to be impaired, $553 of equipment related to a certain production line at its Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility to be impaired, and $844 of equipment related to a certain product line at its Monterrey, Mexico facility to be impaired. These amounts were included in cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2004.

F-15


6. Long-Term Debt

        Long-term debt at December 31, 2003 and 2004 consists of the following:

 
  2003
  2004
Revolving Credit Facility   $ 25,000   $ 25,000
Term C Facility     96,000     95,000
New Term B Facility     180,000     179,100
Senior subordinated notes—net of $425 and $320 unamortized discount     189,475     189,580
   
 
      490,475     488,680
Less current maturities     1,900     1,900
   
 
Total   $ 488,575   $ 486,780
   
 

        Bank Borrowing—Effective June 13, 2003, Accuride entered into a third amended and restated credit agreement to refinance a portion of the debt outstanding under the July 27, 2001 second amended and restated credit agreement (the "Refinancing"). The Refinancing, as amended on December 10, 2003, provided for (i) a new term credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $180 million that matures on June 13, 2007 ("New Term B"), and a revolving credit facility ("New Revolver") in an aggregate principal amount of $66 million (comprised of a $36 million U.S. revolving credit facility and a $30 million Canadian revolving credit facility) which matures on June 13, 2006 (the New Term B and New Revolver are collectively referred to hereinafter as the "New Senior Facilities"). The "Term C" facility under the second amended and restated credit agreement remains outstanding under the Refinancing. As of December 31, 2004, $25 million was outstanding under the New Revolver, $179.1 million was outstanding under The New Term B facility and $95 million was outstanding under the Term C facility. The New Term B facility requires a $0.9 million repayment on June 13, 2005, and June 13, 2006, and $177.3 million on June 13, 2007. The Term C facility requires a $1.0 million repayment on January 21, 2005, and $47.0 million repayment on January 21, 2006 and January 21, 2007. Interest on the term loans and the New Revolver is based on the London InterBank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") plus an applicable margin. The loans are secured by, among other things, a first priority lien on our properties and assets securing the New Revolver and Term C, a second priority lien on substantially all of our US and Canadian properties and assets to secure the New Term B, and a pledge of 65% of the stock of our Mexican subsidiary. A negative pledge restricts the imposition of other liens or encumbrances on any of the assets, subject to certain exceptions.

        The Company's Bank Borrowings at December 31, 2003 and 2004 were borrowed under the Eurodollar Rate, or LIBOR option. At December 31, 2003, the corresponding LIBOR rates ranged from 1.44% -1.50%. At December 31, 2004, the corresponding LIBOR rate was 2.44%.

        Under the terms of the Company's credit agreement, there are certain restrictive covenants that limit the payment of cash dividends and establish minimum financial ratios. The Company was in compliance with all such covenants at December 31, 2004.

        Effective January 31, 2005, Accuride entered into a fourth amended and restated credit agreement to refinance substantially all of its existing bank facilities. Under the refinancing, the Company repaid

F-16



in full the aggregate amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility, the New Term B Facility and the Term C Facility with proceeds from (i) a new term credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $550 million that requires annual amortization payments of 1% per year, with the balance payable on January 31, 2012 and (ii) a new revolving facility in an aggregate amount of $125 million (comprised of a $95 million U.S. revolving credit facility and a $30 million Canadian revolving credit facility) which matures on January 31, 2010. The loans under the term credit facility and the U.S. revolving credit facility are secured by, among other things, a lien on substantially all of the U.S. properties and assets of the Company and its domestic subsidiaries and a pledge of 65% of the stock of the Company's foreign subsidiaries. The loans under the Canadian revolving facility are also secured by substantially all the properties and assets of Accuride Canada Inc.

        In connection with the refinancing described above, the following indebtedness was repaid, redeemed, repurchased or otherwise satisfied and discharged in full:

    Indebtedness of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. ("TTI") (See Note 17) under its first and second lien credit agreements, each dated as of March 16, 2004;

    The 12.5% senior subordinated notes due 2010 issued by TTI pursuant to an indenture, dated as of May 21, 2004; and

    The Company's 9.25% senior subordinated notes due 2008 issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of January 21, 1998, as described below.

        Senior Subordinated Notes—Interest at 9.25% on the senior subordinated notes (the "Notes") is payable on February 1 and August 1 of each year, commencing on August 1, 1998. The Notes mature in full on February 1, 2008 and may be redeemed, at the option of the Company, in whole or in part, at any time on or after February 1, 2003 in cash at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture, plus interest. The Notes are a general unsecured obligation of the Company ranking senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the Company. The Notes are subordinated to all existing and future senior indebtedness of the Company including indebtedness incurred under the Credit Agreement. As of December 31, 2003 and 2004, the aggregate principal amount of Notes outstanding was $189,900. As discussed above, these notes were repaid January 31, 2005.

        Effective January 31, 2005, the Company issued $275.0 million aggregate principal amount of 81/2% senior subordinated notes due 2015 in a private placement transaction. Interest on the senior subordinated notes is payable on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on August 1, 2005. The notes mature on February 1, 2015 and may be redeemed, at the option of the Company, in whole or in part, at any time on or before February 1, 2010 in cash at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture, plus interest. In addition, on or before February 1, 2008, we may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of notes issued under the indenture with the proceeds of certain equity offerings. The notes will be general unsecured obligations of the Company ranking senior in right of payment to all existing and future subordinated indebtedness of the Company. The notes are subordinated to all existing and future senior indebtedness of the Company including indebtedness incurred under the Company's new credit agreement.

F-17



        Interest Rate Instruments—As of December 31, 2003 and 2004, the Company did not have any open interest rate agreements or obligations.

        Maturities of long-term debt, including the bond discount, based on minimum scheduled payments as of December 31, 2004, excluding the effects of the January 2005 refinancings and debt issuances discussed above, are as follows:

2005   $ 1,900
2006     72,900
2007     224,300
2008     189,900
   
Total   $ 489,000
   

7. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans

        The Company has funded noncontributory employee defined benefit pension plans that cover substantially all U.S. and Canadian employees (the "plans"). Employees covered under the U.S. salaried plan are eligible to participate upon the completion of one year of service and benefits are determined by their cash balance accounts, which are based on an allocation they earn each year. Employees covered under the Canadian salaried plan are eligible to participate upon the completion of two years of service and benefits are based upon career average salary and years of service. Employees covered under the hourly plans are generally eligible to participate at the time of employment and benefits are generally based on a fixed amount for each year of service. U.S. employees are vested in the plans after five years of service; Canadian hourly employees are vested after two years of service.

        In addition to providing pension benefits, the Company also has certain unfunded health care and life insurance programs for U.S. non-bargained and Canadian employees who meet certain eligibility requirements. These benefits are provided through contracts with insurance companies and health service providers. The coverage is provided on a non-contributory basis for certain groups of employees and on a contributory basis for other groups. The majority of these benefits are paid by the Company.

        The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for all of its plans.

F-18



    Obligations and Funded Status:

 
  Pension Benefits
  Other Benefits
 
 
  2003
  2004
  2003
  2004
 
Change in benefit obligation:                          
  Benefit obligation—beginning of year   $ 53,404   $ 70,944   $ 21,620   $ 24,399  
  Service cost     2,309     2,704     774     896  
  Interest cost     3,850     4,292     1,417     1,464  
  Actuarial (gains)/losses     5,785     1,087     (192 )   1,659  
  Benefits paid     (2,306 )   (2,913 )   (619 )   (591 )
  Foreign currency exchange rate changes     7,902     4,166     1,399     791  
  Acquisition/transfer           26              
   
 
 
 
 
  Benefit obligation—end of year     70,944     80,306     24,399     28,618  
   
 
 
 
 
Change in plan assets:                          
  Fair value of assets—beginning of year     45,418     61,743              
  Actual return on plan assets     5,980     5,726              
  Employer contribution     5,251     5,164     619     591  
  Benefits paid     (2,306 )   (2,913 )   (619 )   (591 )
  Foreign currency exchange rate changes     7,401     4,198              
  Acquisition/transfer           26              
   
 
 
 
 
  Fair value of assets—end of year     61,744     73,944              
   
 
 
 
 
Reconciliation of funded status:                          
  Unfunded status     (9,200 )   (6,363 )   (24,399 )   (28,618 )
  Unrecognized actuarial loss     23,657     25,031     4,998     6,634  
  Unrecognized prior service cost (benefit)     5,717     5,666     (1,264 )   (1,003 )
  Unrecognized net obligation     291     283              
   
 
 
 
 
  Net amount recognized   $ 20,465   $ 24,617   $ (20,665 ) $ (22,987 )
   
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in the statement of financial position:                          
  Prepaid benefit cost   $ 20,824   $ 24,926   $   $  
  Accrued benefit liability     (24,376 )   (25,836 )   (20,665 )   (22,987 )
  Intangible asset     6,063     5,998              
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss     17,954     19,529              
   
 
 
 
 
  Net amount recognized   $ 20,465   $ 24,617   $ (20,665 ) $ (22,987 )
   
 
 
 
 

        The accumulated benefit obligation for the pension plan was $69,109 and $78,911 at December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively.

        During 2004, we adopted FAS 106-2 which impacts retirees prescription drug benefits. The impact of adoption reduced our accumulated postretirement benefit obligation by approximately $1,100. Of the employees covered under the US postretirement benefit plans, only certain pre-1996 retirees are

F-19



covered under a plan that will receive subsidy receipts. Receipts from the subsidized benefits are expected to be $32 in 2006.

        At December 31, 2004, the projected benefit payments for the defined benefit pension plan and the postretirement benefit plan totaled $2,993 and $748 in 2005, $3,308 and $883 in 2006, $3,503 and $993 in 2007, $3,603 and $1,108 in 2008, $4,249 and $1,251 in 2009, and $26,241 and $8,477 in years 2010 through 2014, respectively. The projected payments were calculated using the same assumptions as those used to calculate the benefit obligations listed above.

        The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation, and fair value of plan assets for the pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan assets were $59,824, $58,912 and $50,514, respectively, as of December 31, 2003 and $67,607, $67,276 and $60,777 respectively, as of December 31, 2004.

    Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost:

    For the years ended December 31,

 
  Pension Benefits
  Other Benefits
 
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
Service cost-benefits earned during the year   $ 2,504   $ 2,309   $ 2,704   $ 665   $ 774   $ 896  
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation     3,140     3,850     4,292     1,285     1,417     1,464  
Expected return on plan assets     (4,410 )   (4,989 )   (5,762 )                  
Prior service cost and other amortization (net)     390     1,373     1,649     (127 )   (23 )   (44 )
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Net amount charged to income     1,624     2,543     2,883     1,823     2,168     2,316  
Curtailment charge     420             5          
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total net amount charged to income   $ 2,044   $ 2,543   $ 2,883   $ 1,828   $ 2,168   $ 2,316  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 

    Additional Information:

 
  Pension
Benefits

  Other
Benefits

 
  2003
  2004
  2003
  2004
Increase in minimum liability included in other comprehensive income   $ 5,182   $ 1,575   N/A   N/A

F-20


    Actuarial Assumptions:

        Assumptions used to determine benefit obligations as of December 31 were as follows:

 
  Pension Benefits
  Other Benefits
 
 
  2003
  2004
  2003
  2004
 
Discount rate   6.00 % 6.00 % 6.00 % 6.00 %
Rate of increase in future compensation levels   3.00 % 3.00 % 3.00 % 3.00 %

        Assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31 were as follows:

 
  Pension
Benefits

  Other
Benefits

 
 
  2003
  2004
  2003
  2004
 
Discount rate   6.50 % 6.00 % 6.50 % 6.00 %
Rate of increase in future compensation levels   3.00 % 3.00 % 3.00 % 3.00 %
Expected long-term rate of return on assets   9.00 %* 8.75 %* N/A   N/A  

*
A 9.5% and 9.0% return on assets assumption was used for the Canadian plans in 2003 and 2004, respectively.

        The expected long-term rate of return on assets is determined primarily by looking at past performance. In addition, management considers the long-term performance characteristics of the asset mix.

        Assumed health care cost trend rates at December 31 were as follows:

 
  2003
  2004
 
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year   11.00 % 10.00 %
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline   5.25 % 5.00 %
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate   2009   2010  

        The health care cost trend rate assumption has a significant effect on the amounts reported. A one-percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects on 2004:

 
  1-Percentage-
Point Increase

  1-Percentage-
Point Decrease

 
Effect on total of service and interest cost   $ 484   $ (376 )
Effect on postretirement benefit obligation   $ 3,964   $ (3,162 )

F-21


    Plan Assets:

        The Company's pension plan weighted-average asset allocations at December 31, 2003 and 2004, by asset category are as follows:

 
  2003
  2004
 
Equity securities   56 % 73 %
Debt securities   38 % 23 %
Other   6 % 4 %
   
 
 
Total   100 % 100 %
   
 
 

        The Company's investment objectives are (1) to maintain the purchasing power of the current assets and all future contributions; (2) to maximize return within reasonable and prudent levels of risk; (3) to maintain an appropriate asset allocation policy that is compatible with the actuarial assumptions, while still having the potential to produce positive real returns; and (4) to control costs of administering the plan and managing the investments.

        The Company's desired investment result is a long-term rate of return on assets that is at least a 5% real rate of return, or 5% over inflation as measured by the Consumer Price Index for the US plans. The target rate of return for the plans have been based upon the assumption that future real returns will approximate the long-term rates of return experienced for each asset class in the Company's investment policy statement. The Company's investment guidelines are based upon an investment horizon of greater than five years, so that interim fluctuations should be viewed with appropriate perspective. Similarly, the Plan's strategic asset allocation is based on this long-term perspective.

        The Company believes that the plan's risk and liquidity posture are, in large part, a function of asset class mix. The Company's investment committee has reviewed the long-term performance characteristics of various asset classes, focusing on balancing the risks and rewards of market behavior. Based on this and the plan's time horizon, risk tolerances, performance expectations and asset class preferences, the following strategic asset allocation was derived:

 
  Lower
Limit

  Strategic
Allocation

  Upper
Limit

 
Domestic Large Capitalization Equities:              
  Value   10 % 15 % 20 %
  Growth   10 % 15 % 20 %
  Index-Passive   15 % 20 % 25 %

Domestic Aggressive Growth Equities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  International Equities   5 % 10 % 15 %
  Large-Mid Cap   5 % 10 % 15 %

Fixed Income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Domestic   25 % 30 % 35 %

F-22


        The allocation of the fund is reviewed periodically. Should any of the strategic allocations extend beyond the suggested lower or upper limits, a portfolio rebalance may be appropriate.

        While the Company uses the same methodologies to manage the Canadian plans, the primary objective is to achieve a minimum rate of return of Consumer Price Index plus 3 over 4-year moving periods, and to obtain total fund rates of return that are in the top third over 4-year moving periods when compared to a representative sample of Canadian pension funds with similar asset mix characteristics. The asset mix for the Canadian pension fund is targeted as follows:

 
  Minimum
  Maximum
 
Total Equities   40 % 65 %
Foreign Equities   0 % 50 %
Bonds and Mortgages   25 % 50 %
Short-Term   0 % 15 %

        Cash Flows—The Company expects to contribute approximately $6,065 to its pension plans and $752 to its other postretirement benefit plan in 2005.

        Other Plans—The Company also provides a 401(k) savings plan and a profit sharing plan for substantially all U.S. salaried employees. Select employees may also participate in the Accuride Executive Retirement Allowance Policy and a supplemental savings plan. Expense associated with these plans for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 totaled $1,391, $1,066, and $1,606, respectively.

8. Income Taxes

        The income tax provision (benefit) from continuing operations for the years ended December 31 is as follows:

 
  2002
  2003
  2004
Current:                  
  Federal   $ (7,697 ) $ (350 ) $ 6,013
  State     77     78     1,526
  Foreign     (435 )   1,940     1,946
   
 
 
      (8,055 )   1,668     9,485
   
 
 

Deferred:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Federal     6,158     (7,248 )   4,371
  State     (1,410 )   (881 )   907
  Foreign     1,782     3,150     4,935
  Valuation allowance     7,364     2,381      
   
 
 
      13,894     (2,598 )   10,213
   
 
 
Total   $ 5,839   $ (930 ) $ 19,698
   
 
 

F-23


        A reconciliation of the U.S. statutory tax rate to the Company's effective tax rate (benefit) for the years ended December 31, is as follows:

 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
Statutory tax rate   (35.0 )% (35.0 )% 35.0 %
State and local income taxes (benefit)   (1.6 ) (9.4 ) 3.6  
Incremental foreign tax (benefit)   6.2   33.9   7.6  
Change in valuation allowance   144.3   24.7      
Reversal of previously accrued taxes       (25.9 )    
Other items—net   0.6   2.0   1.3  
   
 
 
 
Effective tax rate (benefit)   114.5 % (9.7 )% 47.5 %
   
 
 
 

        Deferred income tax assets and liabilities comprised the following at December 31:

 
  2003
  2004
 
Deferred tax assets:              
  Depreciation and amortization   $ 14,985   $ 12,391  
  Postretirement and postemployment benefits     8,093     8,587  
  Other     5,611     3,644  
  Debt refinancing costs     2,631     1,892  
  Accrued bonus           2,422  
  Canadian provincial tax credit           795  
  Foreign tax credit           304  
  Alternative minimum tax credit     1,058     1,449  
  Loss carryforwards     27,591     21,444  
  Valuation allowance     (5,063 )   (4,825 )
   
 
 
    Total deferred tax assets     54,906     48,103  
   
 
 

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Asset basis and depreciation     12,340     14,919  
  Goodwill amortization     4,369     5,538  
  Unrealized foreign exchange gain     742     1,755  
  Pension costs     1,310     2,115  
  Inventories     1,336     2,222  
  Other     4,302     983  
   
 
 
    Total deferred tax liabilities     24,399     27,532  
   
 
 
Net deferred tax assets     30,507     20,571  
  Current deferred tax asset     4,276     3,671  
   
 
 
Long-term deferred income tax asset—net   $ 26,231   $ 16,900  
   
 
 

F-24


        The Company's net operating loss, available in various tax jurisdictions at December 31, 2004 will expire through 2023. A prior year foreign tax credit carryforward expired in 2003 and was charged against the related valuation allowance. In the current year, the Company has recorded a deferred tax asset for additional foreign tax credits incurred through 2004. The alternative minimum tax credit carryforward does not expire. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon taxable income within the carryforward periods available under the applicable tax laws. Although realization of deferred tax assets in excess of deferred tax liabilities is not certain, management has concluded that it is more likely than not the Company will realize the full benefit of deferred tax assets, except for a valuation allowance related to certain state loss carryforwards.

        In 2004, the effective tax rate increased primarily as a result of $3.2 million of incremental tax expense relating to fluctuations in currency and translation adjustments and a change in management's estimate with regard to international tax transactions.

        Included in income taxes payable as of December 31, 2004 is $7.3 million of tax contingency reserve related to federal, state and international tax matters. Management has recorded the reserve based on the estimated amount of probable loss related to the Company's tax contingencies.

        During 2003 Accuride Corporation completed a refinancing of the debt of its Canadian subsidiary. The transaction resulted in recognition of a $2.1 million taxable gain attributable to significant fluctuations in foreign exchange rates over the term of the original debt. The effective tax rate recognized for foreign subsidiaries has also been significantly impacted by fluctuations in currency and translation adjustments, which are recognized differently in foreign jurisdictions.

        As a result of the expiration of certain state statutes of limitation during 2003, the Company reversed previously accrued taxes of $2.5 million. In addition, the Company recorded a valuation allowance of approximately $2.4 million against deferred tax assets related to state net operating loss carryforwards, as management concluded that the Company will not likely realize the related tax benefits in future years.

        Pursuant to the Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002, a temporary incentive was added to the Internal Revenue Code to allow for a 5-year net operating loss carryback for fiscal years ending in 2002 and 2001. The Company elected to carry back its 2002 net operating loss to the 1998 pre-acquisition tax year, referred to herein as the "Pre-acquisition Period" (see Note 2). Phelps Dodge agreed to permit the Company to carry back the 2002 net operating loss into the Pre-acquisition Period.

        While Phelps Dodge did not pay any regular income tax in 1998 due to the utilization of foreign tax credits, it did incur alternative minimum tax. At December 31, 2002, a tax refund of approximately $7.8 million representing 20% of the alternative minimum tax net operating loss was recorded as a current tax benefit. As the regular tax net operating loss utilized in the pre-acquisition period was not expected to result in an income tax benefit, the Company recorded approximately $7.8 million of deferred tax expense. During 2003, the Company completed the carry back claim and received an $8.2 million refund.

F-25



        During 2002, the Company recorded a valuation allowance of $7.4 million to reduce deferred tax assets related to certain foreign tax credit carryforwards and state net operating losses to management's estimate of the benefit expected to be realized.

        The Company intends to permanently reinvest the undistributed earnings of Accuride Canada. Accordingly, no provision for U.S. income taxes has been made for such earnings. At December 31, 2004 Accuride Canada had $20.2 million of cumulative retained earnings.

        At December 31, 2004, AdM had no cumulative retained earnings. The Company previously treated undistributed earnings as permanently reinvested. Accordingly, no provision for U.S. income taxes has ever been made for such earnings.

9. Stock Purchase and Option Plan

        Effective January 21, 1998, the Company adopted the 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan for key employees of Accuride Corporation and subsidiaries (the "1998 Plan").

        The 1998 Plan provides for the issuance of shares of authorized but not issued or reacquired shares of Common Stock subject to adjustment to reflect certain events such as stock dividends, stock splits, recapitalizations, mergers or reorganizations of or by the Company. The 1998 Plan is intended to assist the Company in attracting and retaining employees of outstanding ability and to promote the identification of their interests with those of the stockholders of the Company. The 1998 Plan permits the issuance of Common Stock (the "1998 Plan-Purchase Stock") and the grant of non-qualified stock options (the "1998 Plan-Options") to purchase shares of Common Stock (the issuance of 1998 Plan Purchase Stock and the grant of the 1998 Plan Options pursuant to the 1998 Plan being a "1998 Plan Grant"). Unless sooner terminated by the Company's Board of Directors, the 1998 Plan will expire ten years after adoption. Such termination will not affect the validity of any 1998 Plan Grant outstanding on the date of the termination.

        Pursuant to the original 1998 Plan, 1,576,197 shares of Common Stock of the Company were reserved for issuance under such plan. In May 2002, an amendment to the Stock Purchase and Option Plan was adopted, that increased the number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan to 1,918,977.

        1998 Plan-Purchase Stock—As of December 31, 2004 and 2003, 0 and 472,209 shares of Common Stock under the 1998 Plan Purchase Stock were outstanding under the terms of stock subscription agreements with various management personnel of the Company, respectively. During 2003 and 2004 no shares were repurchased as treasury stock.

F-26



        1998 Plan-Options—The following is an analysis of stock option activity pursuant to the 1998 Plan for and the stock options outstanding at the end of the respective period:

 
  Year ended December 31,
 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
  Options
  Weighted
Average
Price

  Options
  Weighted
Average
Price

  Options
  Weighted
Average
Price

Outstanding—beginning of year   726,339   $ 8.49   1,400,079   $ 4.82   1,285,398   $ 4.71

Granted

 

929,052

 

$

2.96

 

 

 

 

 

 

153,660

 

$

2.96
Cancelled                              
Exercised             (1,891 ) $ 2.96   (2,009 ) $ 7.81
Forfeited or expired   (255,312 ) $ 8.47   (112,790 ) $ 6.16   (12,705 ) $ 3.11
   
       
       
     

Outstanding—end of year

 

1,400,079

 

$

4.82

 

1,285,398

 

$

4.71

 

1,424,344

 

$

4.53
   
       
       
     

Options exercisable—end of year

 

654,828

 

$

6.53

 

819,717

 

$

5.52

 

1,067,060

 

$

4.91

        All originally issued time options vest in equal installments over a five-year period from the date of the grant. Subsequently issued time options vest over a four-year period. Performance options vest after approximately eight years, or can vest at an accelerated rate if the Company meets certain performance objectives. As of December 31, 2004, options outstanding have an exercise price ranging between $2.96 and $8.88 per share and a weighted average remaining contractual life of 6.6 years.

        In 2001, the Company offered eligible employees the opportunity to exchange performance options with an exercise price of $8.30 per share or more that were scheduled to vest in 2001 and 2002 for new options which the Company granted in 2002 under the 1998 Plan. The new options vest over a period of four years and have an exercise price of $2.90 per share. In April 2002, the Company issued 112,349 options at $2.90 per share pursuant to the exchange agreement executed in October 2001.

10. Commitments

        The Company leases certain plant, office space and equipment for varying periods. Management expects that in the normal course of business, leases will be renewed or replaced by other leases.

F-27



        Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 was $2,443, $2,879 and $3,011, respectively. Future minimum lease payments for all noncancelable operating leases having a remaining term in excess of one year at December 31, 2004 are as follows:

2005   $ 2,236
2006     1,878
2007     1,429
2008     1,029
2009     769
   
Total   $ 7,341
   

11. Contingencies

        The Company is from time to time involved in various legal proceedings of a character normally incident to its business. Management does not believe that the outcome of these proceedings will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition or results of operations of the Company.

        The Company's operations are subject to federal, state and local environmental laws, rules and regulations. Pursuant to the Recapitalization of the Company on January 21, 1998, the Company was indemnified by PDC with respect to certain environmental liabilities at its Henderson and London facilities, subject to certain limitations. Pursuant to the AKW acquisition agreement on April 1, 1999, in which Accuride purchased Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation's ("Kaiser") 50% interest in AKW, the Company has been indemnified by Kaiser with respect to certain environmental liabilities relating to the facilities leased by AKW (the "Erie Lease"). On February 12, 2002, Kaiser filed a voluntary petition in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, which could limit our ability to pursue indemnification claims, if necessary, from Kaiser. Management does not believe that the outcome of any environmental proceedings will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition or results of operations of the Company.

12. Segment Reporting

        The Company consists of four operating segments that design, manufacture and distribute wheels and rims for trucks, trailers, and other vehicles. These operating segments are aggregated into a single reportable segment as they have similar economic characteristics, products and production processes, class of customer and distribution methods. The Company believes this segmentation is appropriate based upon management's operating decisions and performance assessment.

F-28



        Geographic Segments—The Company has operations in the United States, Canada, and Mexico which are summarized below.

For Year Ended Dec. 31, 2002

  United
States

  Canada
  Mexico
  Eliminations
  Combined
Net sales:                              
  Sales to unaffiliated customers—domestic   $ 271,329   $ 12,206   $ 34,910   $   $ 318,445
  Sales to unaffiliated customers—export     25,103           2,001           27,104
   
 
 
 
 
Total   $ 296,432   $ 12,206   $ 36,911   $   $ 345,549
   
 
 
 
 
Long-lived assets   $ 352,457   $ 131,843   $ 37,272   $ (165,021 ) $ 356,551
   
 
 
 
 
For Year Ended Dec. 31, 2003

  United
States

  Canada
  Mexico
  Eliminations
  Combined
Net sales:                              
  Sales to unaffiliated customers—domestic   $ 301,548   $ 11,226   $ 30,106   $   $ 342,880
  Sales to unaffiliated customers—export     17,589           3,789           21,378
   
 
 
 
 
Total   $ 319,137   $ 11,226   $ 33,895   $   $ 364,258
   
 
 
 
 
Long-lived assets   $ 344,641   $ 153,696   $ 33,157   $ (166,184 ) $ 365,310
   
 
 
 
 
For Year Ended Dec. 31, 2004

  United
States

  Canada
  Mexico
  Eliminations
  Combined
Net sales:                              
  Sales to unaffiliated customers—domestic   $ 393,221   $ 18,189   $ 33,473   $   $ 444,883
  Sales to unaffiliated customers—export     45,837           3,288           49,125
   
 
 
 
 
Total   $ 439,058   $ 18,189   $ 36,761   $   $ 494,008
   
 
 
 
 
Long-lived assets   $ 346,273   $ 155,506   $ 31,540   $ (166,184 ) $ 367,135
   
 
 
 
 

        Sales to three customers exceed 10% of total net sales for the years ended December 31, as follows:

 
  2002
  2003
  2004
 
 
  Amount
  % of
Sales

  Amount
  % of
Sales

  Amount
  % of
Sales

 
Customer one   $ 66,576   19.2 % $ 72,205   19.8 % $ 93,898   19.0 %
Customer two     57,386   16.6 %   58,657   16.1 %   79,687   16.1 %
Customer three     45,464   13.2 %   47,806   13.1 %   76,245   15.4 %
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
    $ 169,426   49.0 % $ 178,668   49.0 % $ 249,830   50.5 %
   
 
 
 
 
 
 

        Each geographic segment made sales to all three major customers in 2004.

F-29



13. Financial Instruments

        The estimated fair value amounts of financial instruments have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop the estimates of fair value. Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have an effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

        The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the relatively short maturity of these instruments. The carrying amounts and related estimated fair values for the Company's remaining financial instruments are as follows:

 
  2003
  2004
 
  Carrying
Amount

  Estimated
Fair Value

  Carrying
Amount

  Estimated
Fair Value

Assets                        

Foreign Exchange Forward Contracts

 

$


 

$


 

$

757

 

$

757
Liabilities                        

Total Debt

 

$

490,475

 

$

501,665

 

$

489,000

 

$

492,733

        Fair values relating to derivative financial instruments reflect the estimated amounts that the Company would receive or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date based on quoted market prices of comparable contracts as of December 31.

        The fair value of the Company's long-term debt has been determined on the basis of the specific securities issued and outstanding. All of the Company's long-term debt is at variable rates at December 31, 2003 and 2004 except for the senior subordinated notes which have a fixed interest rate of 9.25% (see Note 6).

14. Related Party Transactions

        Effective January 21, 1998, the Company and KKR entered into a management agreement providing for the performance by KKR of certain management, consulting and financial services for the Company. The Company expensed approximately $600 in each of the three years ended December 31, 2004, pursuant to such management agreement.

F-30



15. Quarterly Data (Unaudited)

        The following table sets forth certain quarterly income statement information of the Company for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004:

 
  2003
 
 
  Q1
  Q2
  Q3
  Q4
  Total
 
 
  (Dollars in Thousands, except per share data)

 
Net sales   $ 88,248   $ 94,207   $ 87,439   $ 94,364   $ 364,258  
Gross profit(2)     15,621     18,517     13,148     15,544     62,830  
Operating expenses     5,889     6,305     5,499     6,225     23,918  
Income from operations     9,732     12,212     7,649     9,319     38,912  
Equity earnings of affiliates     181     199     81     24     485  
Other expense(1)     (9,453 )   (20,561 )   (10,291 )   (8,747 )   (49,052 )
Net income (loss)     (578 )   (5,953 )   (2,793 )   599     (8,725 )
Diluted income (loss) per share   $ (0.04 ) $ (0.41 ) $ (0.19 ) $ 0.04        
 
  2004
 
 
  Q1
  Q2
  Q3
  Q4
  Total
 
 
  (Dollars in Thousands, except per share data)

 
Net sales   $ 111,401   $ 120,631   $ 123,463   $ 138,513   $ 494,008  
Gross profit(4)     21,964     25,143     26,181     29,827     103,115  
Operating expenses     6,371     6,418     5,758     7,003     25,550  
Income from operations     15,593     18,725     20,423     22,824     77,565  
Equity earnings of affiliates     138     155     148     205     646  
Other expense(1)     (9,049 )   (10,709 )   (8,564 )   (8,415 )   (36,737 )
Net income(3)(4)     4,767     4,778     6,989     5,242     21,776  
Diluted income per share   $ 0.33   $ 0.32   $ 0.46   $ 0.34        

(1)
Included in other expense are interest income, interest expense, and other income (expense), net. Also included in the quarter ended June 30, 2003 is $11,257 of refinancing costs.

(2)
Included in cost of sales for the quarter ended December 31, 2003 is the reversal of $860 in accrued liabilities for which management determined no obligation of the Company existed, and $1,240 and $917 of cost associated with the fire damage and resulting business interruption sustained at our facility in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio in the third and fourth quarter of 2003, respectively.

(3)
Included in net income in the quarter ended December 31, 2004 is $3.2 million of incremental tax expense relating to fluctuations in currency and translation adjustments and a change in management's estimate with regard to international tax transactions.

(4)
Included in cost of sales for the quarter ended December 31, 2004 is $2,032 of income representing the receipt of insurance proceeds from the Company's business interruption claims relating to a fire at its Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio facility occurring in 2003.

F-31


16. Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

        The following table summarizes the changes in the Company's valuation and qualifying accounts:

 
  Balance at
Beginning of
Period

  Charges (credits)
to Cost and
Expenses

  Recoveries
  Write-Offs
  Balance
at end
of Period

Reserves deducted in balance sheet from the asset to which applicable:                              
 
Accounts Receivable:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
    December 31, 2002   $ 1,448   $ (169 ) $ 378   $ (293 ) $ 1,364
    December 31, 2003     1,364     (259 )   7     (290 )   822
    December 31, 2004     822     (18 )   0     (289 )   515

17. Subsequent Event—Acquisition

        On January 31, 2005, the Company completed its acquisition of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. (TTI), one of the largest North American manufacturers of truck components for the heavy and medium-duty trucking industry. Pursuant to the merger agreement, the existing stockholders of Accuride own 66.88% of the common stock of the combined entity while the existing stockholders of TTI (TTI Group) own the remaining 33.12% 7,964,238 shares. In addition, the TTI Group could receive up to an additional 1,142,495 shares of the common stock of the combined entity, upon achievement of certain performance goals. If the performance goals are met, such contingent shares will be recorded at fair value and result in additional goodwill.

        The Company believes the combined company will offer the trucking industry a one-stop component sourcing solution and expects to become one of the largest suppliers to the heavy/medium commercial vehicle industry. The results of operations for TTI will be included in Accuride's operating results beginning February 1, 2005.

        The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition. The preliminary allocations of purchase price are based upon preliminary valuation information and other studies that have not yet been completed, specifically, the Company is still in the process of finalizing feasibility studies on the restructuring of TTI's trucking fleet, consolidation of warehouse space and centralization of selling, general and administrative functions. It is anticipated that these studies will conclude during the second quarter of 2005. In addition, due to scheduling issues related to the selection of the post-merger actuary service

F-32



provider, the Company is still in the process of finalizing the valuation of the other postretirement benefit plan liability. This should be resolved by the end of April 2005.

Current assets   $ 146,028
Property, plant and equipment     108,968
Goodwill     264,477
Intangible assets     142,590
Other     46
   
  Total assets acquired     662,109
   
Current liabilities     467,297
Debt     3,100
Other long-term liabilities     99,712
   
  Net assets acquired   $ 92,000
   

        The preliminary purchase price allocation includes $33,540 of technology which will be amortized over 10 to 15 years, $70,320 of customer relationships which will be amortized over 15 to 30 years, $264,477 of goodwill, not deductible for income tax purposes, $38,080 of trade names that are not subject to amortization, and $650 of backlog.

        In connection with the merger, the Company refinanced substantially all its debt (See Note 6). Maturities of long-term debt based on minimum scheduled payments as of January 31, 2005, including the effects of the January 2005 refinancings and debt issuances discussed in Note 6, are as follows:

2005   $ 5,500
2006     5,500
2007     5,500
2008     5,500
2009     5,500
Thereafter     825,600
   
Total   $ 853,100
   

18. Subsequent Event—Stock Offering

        In addition, the Company has filed a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 to sell common stock. At the effective date of the stock offering, the Company will effect a 591-for-one stock split and increase the authorized common stock to 38,805,000 shares. The effect of this stock split will be to transfer $147, representing the par value of additional shares issued from additional paid-in capital to common stock. All numbers of common shares and per share data in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes have been retroactively adjusted to give effect to the stock split. In addition, at the effective date of the Offering, the Company anticipates granting stock options to key management personnel and directors to acquire 829,265 shares of common stock. The grant price of the stock options will be equal to the offering price to the public.

******

F-33



TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC.

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 
  Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm   F-35
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2004 and 2003   F-36
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002   F-37
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002   F-38
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity and Other Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002   F-39
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements   F-41

F-34



REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc.:

        We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of cash flows, and of shareholders' equity and other comprehensive loss for each of the three years in the period then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

        We conducted our audits in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

        In our opinion, such financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

        As discussed in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed its method of accounting for goodwill and certain identifiable intangible assets in 2002.

/s/Deloitte & Touche LLP

DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

Chicago, Illinois
February 15, 2005

F-35



TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 
  December 31,
2004

  December 31,
2003

 
 
  (dollars in thousands,
except share data)

 
ASSETS              

CURRENT ASSETS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Cash and cash equivalents   $ 1,150   $  
  Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $903 and $767, respectively     72,948     50,884  
  Inventories, net     54,458     44,314  
  Deferred income tax assets     7,398     6,692  
  Deferred financing costs     6,890      
  Other current assets     6,762     9,111  
   
 
 
    Total current assets     149,606     111,001  
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET     84,467     87,414  
  Deferred financing costs and other, net     2,000     11,002  
  Goodwill     199,079     199,079  
  Intangible assets, net     41,695     42,248  
   
 
 
TOTAL   $ 476,847   $ 450,744  
   
 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY              

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Accounts payable   $ 67,198   $ 40,124  
  Accrued payroll and employee benefits     11,764     12,022  
  Accrued interest payable     6,767     6,921  
  Accrued and other liabilities     26,007     18,946  
  Current maturites of long-term debt     322,138     19,473  
   
 
 
    Total current liabilities     433,874     97,486  
LONG-TERM DEBT, less current portion     3,100     289,656  
PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLAN LIABILITY     27,203     25,490  
DEFERRED INCOME TAX LIABILITIES     7,628     11,304  
OTHER LIABILITIES     3,042     7,039  
   
 
 
      474,847     430,975  
   
 
 
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:              
  Preferred stock, 400,000 shares authorized—all series Senior Series E preferred stock, par $0.01—25% cumulative; 41,475 outstanding as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively     1     1  
  Series A junior preferred stock, par $0.01—14.5% cumulative; 119,752 and 138,018 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively     1     1  
  Series C and Series D junior preferred stock, both par $0.01—14,000 and 42,000 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively          
  Common stock, par $0.01—20,000,000 shares, authorized and 1,860,464 issued and outstanding shares as of December 31, 2003 and 2004, respectively     19     19  
  Paid in capital     217,025     185,950  
  Accumulated deficit     (199,457 )   (153,477 )
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss     (15,589 )   (12,725 )
   
 
 
    Total shareholders' equity     2,000     19,769  
   
 
 
TOTAL   $ 476,847   $ 450,744  
   
 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-36



TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 
  2004
  2003
  2002
 
 
  (dollars in thousands,
except per share data)

 
NET SALES   $ 588,340   $ 440,009   $ 411,598  

COST OF GOODS SOLD

 

 

512,624

 

 

368,931

 

 

340,103

 
   
 
 
 
GROSS PROFIT     75,716     71,078     71,495  

OPERATING EXPENSES:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Selling, general and administrative     39,744     38,896     36,673  
  Loss (gain) on disposition of property, plant and equipment     2,203     (2,600 )    
  Severance expense for former CEO     3,460          
  Aborted initial public offering expenses     2,908          
  Reduction of estimated environmental remediation liability         (6,636 )    
  Merger Costs     952          
   
 
 
 
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS     26,449     41,418     34,822  

OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Gain on sale of rail asset         10,000      
  Interest income         496     92  
  Interest expense     (31,928 )   (40,362 )   (42,306 )
  Debt extinguishment costs     (10,655 )   (1,803 )    
   
 
 
 
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES     (16,134 )   9,749     (7,392 )

INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)

 

 

(1,229

)

 

6,248

 

 

(1,679

)
   
 
 
 
NET INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF ACCOUNTING CHANGE     (14,905 )   3,501     (5,713 )
CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF ACCOUNTING CHANGE—NET OF INCOME TAXES             (3,794 )
   
 
 
 
NET INCOME (LOSS)     (14,905 )   3,501     (9,507 )
PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS     31,075     17,769     15,267  
   
 
 
 
NET LOSS AVAILABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS   $ (45,980 ) $ (14,268 ) $ (24,774 )
   
 
 
 
WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING—BASIC AND DILUTED     2,674,418     2,605,352     2,279,643  
   
 
 
 
NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE BEFORE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF ACCOUNTING CHANGE   $ (17.19 ) $ (5.48 ) $ (9.20 )
CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF ACCOUNTING CHANGE PER COMMON SHARE             (1.66 )
   
 
 
 
NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE   $ (17.19 ) $ (5.48 ) $ (10.86 )
   
 
 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-37



TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 
  2004
  2003
  2002
 
 
  (dollars in thousands)

 
Cash flows from operating activities:                    
  Net income (loss)   $ (14,905 ) $ 3,501   $ (9,507 )
  Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                    
    Depreciation and amortization     13,681     15,546     15,518  
    Amortization-deferred financing costs     2,075     4,114     3,541  
    Debt extinguishment costs     10,655     1,803      
    Subordinated Note interest paid in kind         11,860     10,714  
    Cumulative change in accounting—net             3,794  
    Net loss (gain) on fixed asset dispositions     2,203     (2,600 )      
    Gain on sale of rail assets         (10,000 )    
    Reduction in estimated environmental remediation liability         (6,636 )    
    Deferred income taxes     (2,552 )   9,694     (837 )
  Changes in certain assets and liabilities:                    
    Accounts receivable     (22,064 )   (15,623 )   (302 )
    Inventories     (10,144 )   (9,228 )   (3,339 )
    Accounts payable     27,074     12,038     2,290  
    Other assets and liabilities     (1,339 )   (6,623 )   1,322  
   
 
 
 
      Net cash provided by operating activities     4,684     7,846     23,194  
   
 
 
 
Cash flows from investing activities:                    
  Purchases of property, plant and equipment     (9,075 )   (15,044 )   (10,242 )
  Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment         6,651      
   
 
 
 
      Net cash used in investing activities     (9,075 )   (8,393 )   (10,242 )
   
 
 
 
Cash flows from financing activities:                    
Net (repayments) borrowings under revolving credit facility     (4,000 )   12,000      
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt     215,000          
Repayment of long-term debt     (197,389 )   (23,939 )   (13,984 )
Deferred financing fees     (8,070 )   (2,599 )   (1,162 )
Proceeds from issuance of Senior Preferred Stock         1,000 )    
   
 
 
 
      Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities     5,541     (13,538 )   (15,146 )
   
 
 
 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents     1,150     (14,085 )   (2,194 )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period         14,085     16,279  
   
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period   $ 1,150   $   $ 14,085  
   
 
 
 
Supplemental Disclosures:                    
  Cash paid for:                    
  Interest   $ 26,174   $ 24,229   $ 27,414  
  Income taxes     3,009     838     231  

Non-cash financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Issuance of senior preferred stock         40,475      
  Extinguishment of senior subordinated notes         (39,140 )    
  Exchange of senior subordinated notes     (100,000 )        

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-38



TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

 
  Series A
  Series C
  Series D
  Series E
  Total
 
  Preferred
Stock
Shares

  Preferred
Stock
Amount

  Preferred
Stock
Shares

  Preferred
Stock
Amount

  Preferred
Stock
Shares

  Preferred
Stock
Amount

  Preferred
Stock
Shares

  Preferred
Stock
Amount

  Preferred
Stock
Amount

 
  (in thousands)

BALANCE—January 1, 2002   90,024   $ 1       $     $     $   $ 1
Shares released from Rabbi Trust                                              
Preferred stock in-kind dividends   13,782                                          
Preferred stock accretion                                              
Net loss                                              
Change in unrealized loss on cash flow hedge—net of tax of $1,179                                              
Minimum pension liability increase—net of tax of $6,525                                              
Total comprehensive loss                                              
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALANCE—December 31, 2002   103,806     1                           1
Preferred Stock in-kind dividends   15,946                                          
Preferred stock accretion                                              
Net income                                              
Change in unrealized loss on cash flow hedge—net of tax of $353                                              
Minimum pension liability increase—net of tax of $795                                              
Senior preferred stock issuance             14,000         42,000         41,475     1      
Total comprehensive loss                                              
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALANCE—December 31, 2003   119,752     1   14,000         42,000         41,475     1     2
Preferred stock in-kind Dividends   18,266                                          
Preferred stock accretion                                              
Net income                                              
Minimum pension liability increase—net of tax of $1,830                                              
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALANCE—December 31, 2004   138,018   $ 1   14,000   $   42,000         41,475   $ 1   $ 2
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

F-39



TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Continued)

 
  Common
Stock
Shares

  Common
Stock
Amount

  Paid-in
Capital

  Accumulated
Deficit

  Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income

  Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

  Other
  Total
 
 
  (in thousands)

 
BALANCE—January 1, 2002   1,860   $ 19   $ 113,095   $ (114,435 )       $ (6,146 ) $ (2,105 ) $ (9,571 )
Shares released from Rabbi Trust                                       2,105     2,105  
Preferred stock in-kind dividends               13,864     (13,864 )                        
Preferred stock accretion               1,403     (1,403 )                      
Net loss                     (9,507 )                     (9,507 )
Change in unrealized loss on cash flow hedge—net of tax of $1,179                         $ 1,814     1,814           1,814  
Minimum pension liability increase—net of tax of $6,525                       (10,216 )   (10,216 )       (10,216 )
                         
                   
Total comprehensive loss                         $ (8,402 )                  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALANCE—December 31, 2002   1,860     19     128,362     (139,209 )         (14,548 )         (25,375 )
Preferred Stock in-kind dividends               16,332     (16,332 )                      
Preferred stock accretion               1,437     (1,437 )                      
Net income                     3,501                       3,501  
Change in unrealized loss on cash flow hedge—net of tax of $353                         $ 529     529           529  
Minimum pension liability decrease—net of tax of $795                           1,294     1,294           1,294  
                         
                   
Senior preferred stock issuance               39,819                         39,820  
Total comprehensive loss                         $ 1,823                    
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALANCE—December 31, 2003   1,860     19     185,950     (153,477 )         (12,725 )       19,769  
Preferred stock in-kind dividends               29,602     (29,602 )                      
Preferred stock accretion               1,473     (1,473 )                    
Net income                     (14,905 )                     (14,905 )
Minimum pension liability increase—net of tax of $1,830                         $ (2,864 )   (2,864 )         (2,864 )
                         
                   
Total Comprehensive loss                         $ (2,864 )                  
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
BALANCE—December 31, 2004   1,860   $ 19   $ 217,025   $ (199,457 )       $ (15,589 ) $   $ 2,000  
   
 
 
 
       
 
 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

F-40



TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Merger Agreement with Accuride Corporation

        On December 24, 2004, the Company entered into an agreement and plan of Merger with Accuride Corporation ("Accuride") pursuant to which the Company will become a wholly owned subsidiary of Accuride (the "Merger"). On January 31, 2005, the Merger was consummated and the current shareholders of the Company received 33.12% of the common stock of Accuride, with up to an additional 1,933.17 shares of the common stock of Accuride issuable to the Company's shareholders upon the achievement of certain performance goals, in exchange for the Company's Series E, A, C and D Preferred Stock. In connection with the Merger, the Company expensed approximately $1.0 million of professional expenses during the fourth quarter of 2004. See Note 9 for additional discussion regarding the TTI stock conversion.

2. Description of Business

        Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the "Company"), formed in October 1991, is a leading manufacturer of wheel-end components, body and chassis components, seating assemblies, steerable drive axles, gear boxes and castings for the heavy- and medium-duty truck industry. The Company's operations comprise one operating segment conducted by wholly owned subsidiaries located in North America.

3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

        Principles of Consolidation—The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

        Reclassifications—Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements and the notes to conform with current year presentation.

        Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include the allowance for doubtful accounts, reserve for inventory valuation, reserve for returns and allowances, valuation of goodwill and intangible assets having indefinite lives, pension and other post retirement benefits, depreciation and amortization.

        Cash and Cash Equivalents—The Company considers all short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less when acquired to be cash equivalents.

        Allowance for Doubtful Accounts—The Company calculates allowances for estimated losses resulting from the inability of customers to make required payments. The Company assesses the creditworthiness of its customers based on multiple sources of information and analyzes such factors as historical bad debt experience, publicly available information regarding customers and the inherent credit risk related to them, current economic trends and changes in customer payment terms or payment patterns. The Company's calculation is then reviewed by management to assess whether, based on economic events, additional analyses are required to appropriately estimate losses.

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        Inventories—Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, the cost being determined principally by the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") method, with the exception of one operating unit where the cost of inventory is determined on the last-in, first-out method ("LIFO"). The Company regularly evaluates the composition and age of inventory to identify slow-moving, excess and obsolete inventories. The method of establishing the reserve is based on evaluating historical experience as well as estimates of future sales. The reserve is adjusted for any expected changes to ensure that the identified slow-moving, excess and obsolete inventories are stated at net realizable value. The provision for such amounts is reflected as a component of cost of sales. Had all inventories been determined on the FIFO method, inventories would have been higher than those reported at December 31, 2004 and 2003 by $5.5 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

        Long-lived Assets—Long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment, and certain identifiable finite intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When indications of impairment are present, the carrying values of the assets are evaluated in relation to the operating performance and estimated future net cash flows of the underlying business. An impairment in the carrying value of an asset is recognized whenever anticipated future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) from an asset are estimated to be less than its carrying value. If such review indicates that the carrying amount of long-lived assets is not recoverable, the carrying amount of such assets is reduced to the estimated fair value. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

        In September 2004, the Company entered into negotiations with a buyer for the sale of certain of its assets held for sale at its Erie, Pennsylvania location at a price below carrying value. To comply with the requirements of SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, the Company recorded an impairment loss of $2.2 million in the quarter ending June 30, 2004 based upon the anticipated proceeds to be received from the buyer.

        Property, Plant and Equipment—Property, plant and equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated based on the following estimated useful lives: buildings—20 to 40 years; building improvements—10 to 40 years; and machinery and equipment—3 to 12 years. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, while major replacements and improvements are capitalized.

        Goodwill and Other Intangibles—As of January 1, 2002, upon the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, goodwill and intangibles with an indefinite life are no longer amortized. Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 142, goodwill was amortized on a straight-line method over 40 years, and intangibles with indefinite lives were amortized from 13 to 40 years. The Company's finite-lived acquired intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line method and include the following: patents, 8 years; and non-compete agreements, 4 years. See Note 6 "Goodwill and Other Intangibles."

        Deferred Financing Costs—Deferred financing costs of $8.1 million and $20.1 million at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively, relate to the issuance and subsequent amendments to the Company's Credit Facility, Subordinated Notes and Industrial Revenue Bond debt. Deferred financing costs are amortized using the effective interest rate method over the term of the related debt. During 2004, 2003 and 2002, the Company recorded amortization expense of $2.1 million, $3.4 million and $2.7 million as a component of interest expense.

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        On January 31, 2005, in conjunction with the Merger, the Company paid in full the outstanding indebtedness of the Senior Credit Facility and the Senior Subordinated Notes. The deferred financing costs relating to this indebtedness are classified within the current assets as of December 31, 2004.

        Income Taxes—Deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the consolidated financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the differences between the consolidated financial statements and the tax basis of assets and liabilities, using tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is provided to offset any deferred tax assets if, based upon the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

        Environmental Reserves—The Company is subject to comprehensive and frequently changing federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, and will incur additional capital and operating costs in the future to comply with currently existing laws and regulations, new regulatory requirements arising from recently enacted statutes and possible new statutory enactments. In addition to environmental laws that regulate the Company's ongoing operations, the Company is also party to environmental remediation liability. It is the Company's policy to provide and accrue for the estimated cost of environmental matters, on a non-discounted basis, when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. Such provisions and accruals exclude claims for recoveries from insurance carriers.

        Revenue Recognition—Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment whereupon title passes and the Company has no further obligations to the customer. Provisions for discounts and rebates to customers, and returns and other adjustments are provided for in the same period the related sales are recorded as a percentage of sales based upon management's best estimate of future returns and other claims considering the Company's historical experience. Allowances for estimated returns, discounts, customer rebate programs and pricing adjustments are recognized as a reduction of sales when the related sales are recorded. The allowance for these items is estimated based on various market data, historical trends and information from the Company's customers. Adjustments to the allowances are recorded quarterly based on current estimates available.

        Financial Instruments—All derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. Changes in derivative fair values are recognized in earnings as offsets to the changes in fair value of related hedged assets, liabilities and firm commitments. The ineffective portion, if any, of a hedging derivative's change in fair value is immediately recognized in earnings.

        Concentration of Risk—The Company's principal business is the manufacturing and sale of wheel-end components, body and chassis components, seating assemblies, steerable drive axles, gear boxes and castings for the heavy- and medium-duty truck industry. Due to the nature of its operations, the Company is subject to significant concentration risks relating to business with four customers in 2004 and 2003. These customers accounted for 20%, 19%, 12% and 11%; and, 17%, 16%, 10% and 10% of accounts receivable at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The Company also has concentrations of labor subject to collective bargaining arrangements. The percentage of the Company's labor force covered by a collective bargaining agreement is 43% at December 31, 2004.

        Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements—On April 30, 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued SFAS No. 149, Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and

F-43



Hedging Activities. The statement amends and clarifies derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities under Statement 133. SFAS 149 was effective for us on a prospective basis for contracts entered into or modified and for hedging relationships designated for fiscal periods beginning after September 30, 2003. This statement had, and is expected to have, no effect on our consolidated financial statements.

        On May 15, 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity. This statement establishes standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity. It requires that an issuer classify a financial instrument that is within its scope as a liability, even though it might previously have been classified as equity. SFAS 150 was effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, and applies to all financial instruments in the first interim period beginning after September 15, 2003. This statement had, and is expected to have, no effect on our consolidated financial statements.

        On December 24, 2003, the FASB issued a revision to Interpretation 46 (FIN 46R) to clarify some of the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. The term "variable interest" is defined in FIN 46 as "contractual, ownership or other pecuniary interest in an entity that change with changes in the entity's net asset value." Variable interests are investments or other interests that will absorb a portion of an entity's expected losses if they occur or receive portions of the entity's expected residual returns if they occur. FIN 46R defers the effective date of FIN 46 for certain entities and makes several other changes to FIN 46. This statement had, and is expected to have, no effect on our consolidated financial statements.

        In December 2003, the FASB revised SFAS No. 132, "Employers' Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement benefits—an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88 and 106". The Company has adopted the disclosure only provisions of the revised statement for the year ending December 31, 2004.

        In December 2003, the President of the United States signed the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act into law. This act introduces a prescription drug benefit under Medicare (Medicare Part D) as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare part D. Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, Statement No. 106, "Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions," requires presently-enacted changes in relevant laws to be considered in current period measurements of post-retirement benefit costs and the accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation. In May 2004, the FASB issued Staff Position No. 106-2, or FAS 106-2 "Accounting and Disclosure Requirements Related to the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003," which provides authoritative guidance on accounting for the effects of the new Medicare prescription drug legislation. FAS 106-2 was effective for the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2004. This law and pronouncement did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

        In November 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 151, Inventory Costs, an amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4. The amendments made by Statement 151 clarify that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted materials (spoilage) should be recognized as current-period charges and requires the allocation of fixed production overheads to inventory based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. The guidance is effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal

F-44



years beginning after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29, Accounting for Nonmonetary Transactions. The amendments made by Statement 153 are based on the principle that exchanges of nonmonetary assets should be measured based on the fair value of the assets exchanged. Further, the amendments eliminate the narrow exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replace it with a broader exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. The Statement is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in the fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment. The Statement requires that the compensation cost relating to share-based payment transactions be recognized in the financial statements. That cost will be measured based on the fair value of the equity or liability instruments issued. The Company will be required to apply Statement 123(R) as of the first interim period that begins after June 15, 2005. Management is still evaluating the full effect of this new accounting standard on the financial statements.

        In December 2004, the FASB issued two FSPs that provide accounting guidance on how companies should account for the effects of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 that was signed into law on October 22, 2004. FSP FAS 109-1, Application of FASB Statement No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes", to the Tax Deduction on Qualified Production Activities Provided by the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, states that the manufacturers' deduction provided for under this legislation should be accounted for as a special deduction instead of a tax rate change. FSP FAS 109-2, Accounting and Disclosure Guidance for the Foreign Earnings Repatriation Provision within the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, allows a company additional time to evaluate the effects of the legislation on any plan for reinvestment or repatriation of foreign earnings for purposes of applying Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes". These FSPs may affect how a company accounts for deferred income taxes. These FSPs are effective for periods ending on or after December 21, 2004. These FSPs had no effect on the 2004 consolidated financial statements and the Company does not expect these FSPs to impact its future results of operations and financial position.

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4. Detail of Certain Assets and Liabilities

        The details of certain assets and liabilities as of December 31, follows:

 
  2004
  2003
 
 
  (in thousands)

 
Inventory:              
Raw materials   $ 26,475   $ 19,692  
Work-in-progress     15,633     14,013  
Finished goods     17,823     12,242  
LIFO Adjustment     (5,473 )   (1,633 )
   
 
 
    $ 54,458   $ 44,314  
   
 
 

Property, plant and equipment:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Land   $ 3,717   $ 3,717  
  Buildings and improvements     33,616     33,053  
  Machinery and equipment     154,908     145,055  
  Construction in progress     5,509     5,843  
   
 
 
      197,750     187,668  
  Less accumulated depreciation     113,283     100,254  
   
 
 
Property, plant and equipment—net   $ 84,467   $ 87,414  
   
 
 

Other current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Accrued workers' compensation   $ 5,409   $ 5,037  
  Current portion of post-retirement medical and pension benefit reserve     4,884     4,988  
  Other     15,714     8,921  
   
 
 
Total other current liabilities   $ 26,007   $ 18,946  
   
 
 

Other long-term liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
  Environmental reserves   $ 2,662   $ 2,850  
  Other     380     4,189  
   
 
 
Total other long-term liabilities   $ 3,042   $ 7,039  
   
 
 

F-46


5. Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

        A summary of changes in valuation and qualifying accounts for the years ended December 31, follow:

 
  2004
  2003
 
 
  (in thousands)

 
Allowance for doubtful accounts              
  Balance—beginning of year   $ 767   $ 1,058  
  Provision for doubtful accounts     546     442  
  Net write-offs     (410 )   (733 )
   
 
 
  Balance—end of year   $ 903   $ 767  
   
 
 
Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory              
  Balance—beginning of year   $ 576   $ 531  
  Provision     187     100  
  Net write-offs     (30 )   (55 )
   
 
 
  Balance—end of year   $ 733   $ 576  
   
 
 
Reserve for LIFO inventory valuation:              
  Balance—beginning of year   $ 1,633   $ 1,490  
  Provision     3,840     143  
   
 
 
  Balance—end of year   $ 5,473   $ 1,633  
   
 
 

6. Goodwill and Intangibles Assets

        Effective January 1, 2002, the Company adopted SFAS No. 142. This statement changed the accounting for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets from an amortization approach to an impairment-only approach.

        As a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 142, the Company recorded a transitional goodwill impairment charge in 2002 of $6.2 million ($3.8 million net of tax), presented as a cumulative effect of accounting change. Upon its adoption of SFAS No. 142, the Company determined that it has five reporting units. The $6.2 million impairment recognized related to the Company's Imperial Group reporting unit due to the decline in its operational performance since its acquisition in 1999.

        The Company selected December 31 as its annual testing date. The SFAS No. 142 goodwill impairment model is a two-step process. First, it requires a comparison of the book value of net assets to the fair value of the related operations that have goodwill assigned to them. The Company estimates the fair values of the related operations using discounted cash flows. The cash flow forecasts are adjusted by an appropriate discount rate derived from the Company's market capitalization plus a suitable control premium at the date of evaluation. If the fair value is determined to be less than book value, a second step is performed to compute the amount of the impairment. In this process, a fair value for goodwill is estimated, based in part on the fair value of the operations used in the first step, and is compared to its carrying value. The shortfall of the fair value below carrying value represents the amount of goodwill impairment. SFAS No. 142 requires goodwill to be tested for impairment annually at the same time every year, and when an event occurs or circumstances change such that it is

F-47



reasonably possible that impairment may exist. As a result of the Company's assessment as of December 31, 2004, no impairment was indicated and no impairment triggers have been identified.

        The Company has determined that certain of its trademarks and technology have indefinite lives. The Company's determination has been made in accordance with paragraph 11 of SFAS No. 142 based on its conclusion that at present there are no legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that limit the useful life of such assets. The amounts tied to trademarks are primarily attributable to the Company's Gunite and Brillion brand names. Each such name has been widely known and respected in its respective markets since the early 1900s, and the Company believes that they will continue to be widely known and respected indefinitely into the future. Gunite and Brillion products are two of the leading North American names in their respective product categories and the Company continues to expand the Gunite and Brillion product portfolios. The Company may continue to renew their legal status at minimal cost, and there are no contractual restrictions on use. Finally, the competitiveness of such companies in their respective markets has been, and the Company believes will continue to be, widely accepted with the Gunite and Brillion names representing such competitiveness. The technology with an indefinite life is primarily attributable to Gunite. The technology to manufacture Gunite's wheel-end products has proven to be a leading technology for between 10 to 20 years. Such technology is expected to continue to contribute cash flows to the Company's business for an indefinite period of time due to the related products' life cycles and market and competitive trends. Such technology presently has no legal, regulatory or contractual limitations on use, and is expected to continue to enable Gunite to retain a leading position in its market.

        The detail of intangible assets as of December 31, follows:

 
  2004
  2003
 
  Gross Carrying
Amount

  Accumulated
Amortization

  Gross Carrying
Amount

  Accumulated
Amortization

 
  (in thousands)

Finite-lived intangible assets:                        
  Patents   $ 5,878   $ 3,519   $ 5,878   $ 3,182
  Non-compete agreements     2,550     2,550     2,550     2,476
  Pension assets     1,241         1,383    
   
 
 
 
Total finite-lived intangible assets   $ 9,669   $ 6,069   $ 9,811   $ 5,658
   
 
 
 
Indefinite-lived intangible assets:                        
  Trademarks   $ 22,570       $ 22,570    
  Technologies     15,525         15,525    
   
       
     
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets   $ 38,095       $ 38,095    
   
       
     

        Amortization expense recognized in connection with the Company's finite-lived intangible assets was $0.4 million, $0.5 million and $0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

        The Company expects amortization expense to be approximately $0.3 million for each of the next four years.

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7. Debt

        Total debt as of December 31, consists of the following:

 
  2004
  2003
 
  (in thousands)

Credit facility:            
  Revolving loans   $ 8,000   $ 12,000
  Term loans     214,138     175,601
Senior subordinated notes—net discount of $— and $2,498     100,000     118,428
Industrial revenue bonds     3,100     3,100
   
 
Total debt     325,238     309,129
Less current maturities     322,138     19,473
   
 
Total long-term debt   $ 3,100   $ 289,656
   
 

        Credit Facility—On March 16, 2004, the Company entered into a new Senior Credit Facility consisting of a five-year $50.0 million first lien revolving credit facility, a five-year $115.0 million first lien term loan facility and a five- year $100.0 million second lien term loan facility. The first lien term loan facility is to be repaid on a quarterly basis with 1% of the principal amount being repaid in each of the first four years, 1% of the principal amount being repaid in each of the first three quarters of the fifth year and the remainder repaid upon maturity at the end of the fifth year. The second lien term loan facility has no amortization until maturity. Subject to certain exceptions, the Company will be required to make mandatory repayments of and corresponding reductions under the first lien term loan facility (and after the first lien facilities have been repaid in full, the second lien term loan facility) with the proceeds from (1) asset sales, (2) the issuance of debt securities, (3) proceeds of equity issuances, (4) insurance and condemnation awards and (5) annual excess cash flow. The new Senior Credit Facility (the "Credit Facility") also contains financial covenant requirements to maintain certain levels of interest and fixed charge coverage, debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") as defined by the agreement, and to limit capital expenditures. As of December 31, 2004, the Company was in default of certain financial performance covenants under the Credit Facility agreement. The Company cured the default on January 31 2005, in conjunction with the Merger as the Company paid in full the outstanding indebtedness of the Senior Credit Facility and the Senior Subordinated Notes. Accordingly, the Senior Credit Facility and the Senior Subordinated Notes are classified as current maturities of long term debt as of December 31, 2004.

        Borrowings bear interest at a rate equal to, at the Company's option, the following: first lien revolver facility, LIBOR plus 3.00% or Prime Rate plus 2.00%, first lien term loan, LIBOR plus 3.75% or Prime Rate plus 2.75%, and second lien term loan, LIBOR plus 7.0% or Prime Rate plus 6.0%, with a LIBOR floor of 1.75%. The Company also pays the lenders a commitment fee equal to 0.50% per annum of the undrawn portion of each lender's commitment. The new Senior Credit Facility imposes certain restrictions on us, including restrictions on our ability to incur indebtedness, pay dividends, make investments, engage in transactions with affiliates, sell assets, and merge or consolidate. All obligations under our new Senior Credit Facility are jointly and severally guaranteed by all of our direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries.

        As a result of entering into a new Senior Credit Facility, the requirement to pay 50% of interest due on the Senior Subordinated Notes in 2004 by issuing additional Senior Subordinated Notes was eliminated.

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        The Company used $20.9 million of the proceeds from the new credit facility to repay Senior Subordinated Notes. The remaining Senior Subordinated Notes were amended to extend the maturity until September 30, 2009. The Company paid $7.0 million in financing costs and recorded a $5.6 million non-cash debt extinguishment in connection with the new Senior Credit Facility.

        Availability under the Revolving Facility at December 31, 2004, after consideration of $8.0 million drawn and $18.7 million in outstanding letters of credit, was $23.3 million.

        On January 31, 2005 the then outstanding balances of the Credit Facility were repaid in full in connection with the Merger.

        Senior Subordinated Notes—On May 21, 2004, the Company exchanged its outstanding $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of old 15.0% senior subordinated notes due September 30, 2009 for $100.0 million principal amount of new senior subordinated exchange notes ("New Notes"). The New Notes are due on March 31, 2010. The New Notes had an interest rate of 12.5% per annum through December 7, 2004. As a result of the Company not exchanging the New Notes for substantially equivalent notes that have been registered under the Securities Act by that date, the interest rate was increased to 13.0% from December 8, 2004 until the New Notes were defeased on January 31, 2005, in connection with the Merger.

        Such New Notes are guaranteed on an unsecured, senior subordinated basis by each of the Company's present and future restricted subsidiaries (excluding the Company's restricted subsidiaries that have neither assets nor shareholders' equity in excess of $1.0 million and all of the Company's foreign restricted subsidiaries). The New Notes are subordinated to all of the Company's senior debt and contain cross-default provisions. The New Notes are subject to optional redemption by the Company, in whole or in part, prior to maturity at the Company's option at a premium declining to par in 2008. Upon the occurrence of a change in control, the Company is required to offer to repurchase the new notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued interest. The Company will pay interest on the new notes in cash twice a year on each March 31 and September 30, provided that the Company may at its option pay up to one-half of the September 30, 2004 interest payment through the issuance of additional notes. The Company did not receive any proceeds as a result of the exchange. The Company paid $0.8 million in financing costs and recorded a $5.1 million non-cash debt extinguishment charge in connection with the New Notes.

        On December 19, 2003, the Company amended the terms of its Senior Subordinated Notes to permit the Company to issue $41.5 million of new Senior Preferred Stock in exchange for $40.0 million of its Senior Subordinated Notes, $0.5 million of related accrued interest and $1.0 million in cash. Concurrently, certain existing shareholders of the Company, including members of management, acquired $40.0 million in face value of the Senior Subordinated Notes. These Senior Subordinated Notes were extinguished on the same date in exchange for $40.0 million of newly issued Senior Preferred Stock (see Note 8). The exchange was valued at the estimated fair value of the Senior Preferred Stock. The loss on the extinguishment of $1.8 million was determined as the difference between the fair value of the Senior Preferred Stock and the carrying value of the exchanged Senior Subordinated Notes and related debt issuance costs.

        In 2003 and 2002, 50% of interest payments were mandatorily paid through the issuance of additional senior subordinated notes with the same terms. These amounts are included in the cash flow statement as Senior Subordinated Note Interest Paid-in-Kind. The Senior Subordinated Notes are

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unsecured senior subordinated obligations of the Company, subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness.

        Prior to the exchange, the Senior Subordinated Notes were carried net of a discount ($6.0 million at inception) representing the value assigned to warrants to purchase the Company's common stock that were issued to the issuers of the Senior Subordinated Notes. Such discounts were being accreted to interest expense through the maturity date of the notes.

        Industrial Revenue Bonds—On April 1, 1999, the Company, through its wholly owned seating system subsidiary, issued Industrial Revenue Bonds for $3.1 million which bear interest at a variable rate (2.23% as of December 31, 2004) and can be redeemed by the Company at any time. The bonds are secured by a letter of credit issued by the Company. The bonds have no amortization and mature in 2014. The bonds are also subject to a weekly "put" provision by the holders of the bonds. In the event that any or all of the bonds are put to the Company under this provision, the Company would either refinance such bonds with additional borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility or use available cash on hand.

        Debt maturities as of December 31, 2004, are as follows:

Year Ended

  Revolving
Facility

  Term
Loans

  Industrial
Revenue
Bonds

  Senior
Subordinated
Notes

  Total
 
 
  (in thousands)

 
2005   $ 8,000   $ 214,138   $   $ 100,000   $ 322,138  
2006                        
2007                      
2008                        
2009                      
Thereafter             3,100         3,100  
   
 
 
 
 
 
    $ 8,000   $ 214,138   $ 3,100   $ 100,000     325,238  
   
 
 
 
       
Less current maturities                             (322,138 )
                           
 
Total                           $ 3,100  
                           
 

8. Derivative Financial Instruments

        The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage interest rate risk. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. The Company uses interest rate swap agreements and interest rate caps as a part of its program to manage the fixed and floating interest rate mix of the total debt portfolio and related overall cost of borrowing.

        When entered into, these financial instruments are designated as hedges of underlying exposures. When a high correlation between the hedging instrument and the underlying exposure being hedged exists, fluctuations in the value of the instruments are offset by changes in the value of the underlying exposures. As the critical terms of the swaps are designed to match those of the underlying hedged debt, the change in fair value of the swaps is offset by changes in fair value recorded on the hedged debt and no hedge ineffectiveness was recorded in connection with the Company's derivative instruments.

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        The estimated fair values of derivatives used to hedge or modify risks fluctuate over time. These fair value amounts should not be viewed in isolation, but rather in relation to the fair values of the underlying hedging transactions and to the overall reduction in our exposure to adverse fluctuations in interest rates. The notional amounts of the derivative financial instruments do not necessarily represent amounts exchanged by the parties and, therefore, are not a direct measure of our exposure from our use of derivatives. The amounts exchanged are calculated by reference to the notional amounts and by other terms of the derivatives, such as interest rates. At December 31, 2004, the Company has an interest rate cap on $59.0 million of senior credit facility at a fixed LIBOR rate of 3% which expires on March 16, 2005.

9. Shareholders' Equity

        Common and Preferred Stock—The Company authorized 20,000,000 shares of common stock (voting) and 1,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock.

        On December 19, 2003, the Company issued $41.5 million of Series E Senior Preferred Stock ("Senior Preferred Stock") to affiliates of Trimaran Capital Partners and Albion Alliance, as well as to several members of management, with dividends that accrete at 25% per annum, in a private placement in exchange for the retirement of $40.0 million of Senior Subordinated Notes, the payment of $1.0 million in cash and $0.5 million of accrued interest due on the Senior Subordinated Notes retired. The Company paid $1.7 million in fees related to the issuance of the Preferred Stock that were recorded as an offset to Additional Paid-in Capital. In December 2003, no compensation expense was recorded with the issuance of the Senior Preferred Stock as it was determined that the enterprise value of the Company was less than the total debt and preferred equity.

        Upon issuance, there were 41,475 shares of Senior Preferred Stock, representing $41.5 million in aggregate liquidation preference. The Senior Preferred Stock ranks, as to dividends and liquidation, ahead of the Company's Series A, Series C and Series D Preferred Stock and the common stock, and is entitled to a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share. The Senior Preferred Stock is entitled to cumulative annual dividends, in the form of additional Senior Preferred Stock, that are payable semiannually in arrears at the rate of 25.0% per annum. The Senior Preferred Stock is redeemable by the Company at any time. The holders of the Senior Preferred Stock are entitled to a declining early redemption fee if the stock is redeemed prior to December 31, 2010.

        As of the date of the signing of the merger agreement, the Series E Preferred Stock had a liquidation value of $41.5 million plus $11.2 million of accrued dividends. The Series E Preferred Stock was also entitled to a redemption premium of $18.75%, making the total value owed to the Series E holders equal to $62.6 million, or $1,508.94 per Series E share. Upon consummation of the Merger, in accordance with the terms of the Merger, the per share amount was revised to $1,411.64 as a result of the Company's failure to achieve a required level of EBITDA. Therefore, upon consummation of the Merger, each Series E share was exchanged into 0.151 Accuride shares, or a total of 6,042.26 Accuride shares in total (after cash payment of $2.1 million to the non-accredited Company shareholders).

        The Series A Preferred Stock was issued to affiliates of Trimaran Capital Partners, Albion Alliance and Caravelle Investment Fund in March 2000 upon completion of the acquisition of the Company by its current stockholders. Upon issuance, there were 70,000 shares of Series A Junior Preferred Stock, representing $70.0 million in aggregate liquidation preference. Since that time, because dividends on the Series A Junior Preferred Stock have been paid in additional shares rather than in cash, an

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additional 59,307 shares of Series A Junior Preferred Stock have been issued. The Series A Junior Preferred Stock, which ranks in parity with the Series C Preferred Stock and senior to the Series D Preferred Stock and junior to the Senior Preferred Stock, is entitled to cumulative annual dividends that are payable quarterly in arrears at the rate of 14.5% per annum in the form of additional Series A Junior Preferred Stock until the March 15, 2005 payment, at which time the dividends become payable in cash and, if not paid in cash, they would be payable in additional Series A Junior Preferred Stock but at the rate of 16.5%, and after three consecutive quarters of non-payment in cash entitle the holders of the Series A Junior Preferred Stock to members on the Board of Directors equal to the lesser of two members or 20% of the Board. The Company has the option to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock at any time. If redeemed prior to March 9, 2010, the holders of the Series A Junior Preferred Stock are also entitled to a declining redemption fee.

        The Series C Preferred Stock was issued in December 2003 simultaneously with the issuance of the Series E Preferred Stock and Series D Preferred Stock and was issued to members of our management and certain other holders of the Company's common stock for the payment of $0.10 per share (or an aggregate of $140), and such members and holders agreed, as a condition to receiving the Series C Preferred Stock, to transfer an aggregate 80,233 shares of common stock to the holders of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock as consideration for their consenting to permit the Series C Preferred Stock to rank pari passu with the Series A Preferred Stock. There are 14,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock issued, representing a maximum $16.5 million in liquidation preference. The Series D Preferred Stock was issued in December 2003 to the holders of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock and an institutional warrant holder simultaneously with the issuance of the Series E Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock for the payment of $0.10 per share. There are 42,000 shares of Series D Preferred Stock issued, representing a maximum $49.5 million in liquidation preference. The Series C Preferred Stock and the Series D Preferred Stock are not entitled to dividends and are redeemable only in the event of certain significant equity sale or debt refinancing transactions.

        The Series A, C and D Preferred Stock were entitled to some percentage of the residual equity amount as of the date of the signing of the merger agreement, defined as the total common equity value of the Company, less the value attributable to the Company's existing common shares per the merger agreement. To determine the percentage of such equity amount to be paid to the Series C Preferred Stock, it is necessary to calculate a ratio of the following: the residual equity amount defined above, divided by the sum of the accreted value of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock as of the date of the signing of the merger agreement (plus a premium of 9.67%) and the maximum liquidation preference of the Series C Preferred Stock ($16.5 million). Such ratio is then multiplied by the maximum liquidation preference of the Series C Preferred Stock to determine the exchange value of such stock. Although the Series A Preferred Stock and Series C Preferred Stock rank pari passu with one another, the Series A Preferred Stock has a contractual liquidation preference of $70.0 million before any amounts may be paid on the Series C Preferred Stock. As a result, the ratio is zero if there is not at least $70.0 million of residual equity value as of the date of the offering. Once $70 million of value is achieved for the Series A holders, the Series C Preferred Stock is entitled to receive all of the incremental value until the value that would be evidenced by the exchange ratio calculated above. As of the date of the signing of the merger agreement, such exchange value was calculated to be $4.3 million for the Series C Preferred Stock, or $307.68 per Series C share. Upon consummation of the merger based on the terms of the Merger, the per share amount was revised to $287.84 as a result of the

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Company's failure to achieve a required level of EBITDA. Therefore, upon consummation of the Merger, each Series C share was exchanged into 0.031 Accuride shares, or 422.45 Accuride shares in total (after cash payment of $0.1 million to the non-accredited Company shareholders).

        The exchange value of the Series A Preferred Stock is the lesser of the subtraction of the Series C Preferred Stock exchange value using the methodology described above from the residual equity amount calculated above and the sum of the accreted value of the Series A Preferred Stock as of the date of the offering plus a premium of 9.67%. As of the date of the signing of the merger agreement, such exchange value was calculated to be $70.0 million for the Series A Preferred Stock, or $505.80 per Series A share. Upon consummation of the merger, in accordance with the terms of the Merger, the per share amount was revised to $473.19 as a result of the Company's failure to achieve a required level of EBITDA. Therefore, upon consummation of the merger, each Series A share exchanged into 0.051 Accuride shares, or 7,008.83, Accuride shares in total.

        To determine the exchange value of the Series D Preferred Stock, it is necessary to subtract the Series A and C Preferred Stock exchange values calculated above from the residual equity amount calculated above. Such exchange value is then divided by the value per share of Accuride stock to determine the total number of shares for which the Series D Preferred Stock is exchangeable. Based on the terms of the Merger, there was no residual equity value available for the Series D Preferred Stock, and it is therefore cancelable in accordance with its terms. However, each share of Series D Preferred Stock received a nominal value of $0.10 per Series D Share, which was exchanged into 0.42 Accuride shares in total.

        Warrants and Options—As of December 31, 2004, certain of the Company's common and preferred shareholders held warrants to purchase 813,953 shares of common stock at $0.01 per share.

        In conjunction with the Company's going-private transaction in 2000, the Company entered into an agreement with its old senior subordinated noteholders that provided the holders warrants for up to 20% of the common equity if the Company was unable to repay the old senior subordinated notes by specified dates. These warrants for 348,837 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share were issued to the purchasers in the third quarter of 2000 through the first quarter of 2001. These warrants are exercisable for a period of ten years from the original issuance date. As disclosed in Note 9, the warrants were valued at $6.0 million. This value was based on $30.0 million of common equity value of the Company at the time of the going-private transaction.

        On February 28, 2001, certain of its common shareholders invested $10.0 million in the Company in exchange for 465,116 shares of common stock, warrants for 100,000 shares at a conversion price of $21.50 per share, and contingent warrants for an additional 465,116 shares at $0.01 per share. The warrants for 100,000 shares were exercisable immediately and for a period of nine years. The 465,116 contingent warrants became exercisable ratably at the end of each of the five fiscal quarters of the Company, beginning with the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2002, as the leverage improvement requirements were not met by the Company. No value was attributed to the 465,116 contingent warrants because the common stock of the Company was deemed to have minimal value during the period over which these warrants were issued as the enterprise value of the Company was insufficient to provide value to the common equity holders. This determination was made because the enterprise value of the Company was less than the total debt and preferred equity, which had liquidation

F-54



preference to the common stock of approximately $460.0 million. Therefore, no compensation expense was recorded related to these contingent warrants, as the warrants were deemed worthless.

        At the date of issuance, the fair market value of the 100,000 warrants was deemed to be less than the $21.50 per share exercise price as supported by the $21.50 per share of cash consideration paid for the common stock as part of that transaction.

        As of December 31, 2004, a key member of management held options to purchase 10,000 shares of the Company's common stock at a price equal to $10.75 per share.

        All warrants and options of the Company were deemed to have no value at the time of the Merger and were cancelled at that time.

        Common Equity—Based on the terms of the TTI merger, there was no residual equity value available for the common stock, however, the holders of TTI's common stock received $0.01 per share, which was exchanged into 1.98 Accuride shares in total as of January 31, 2005.

10. Earnings Per Share

        Earnings per share are calculated as net income divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Weighted average common shares of 2,674,418, 2,605,352 and 2,279,643 are used to calculate basic earnings (loss) per share as of December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. These weighted average common shares include weighted average common stock equivalents issuable for minimal cash consideration of 813,953, 744,877 and 419,178 as of December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Diluted earnings (loss) per share are calculated by dividing net income by this weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus common stock equivalents outstanding during the year. Common stock equivalents for 110,000 shares with exercise prices ranging from $10.75 to $21.50 per share were outstanding at December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share. Common stock equivalents have been excluded from the calculation of diluted weighted average shares outstanding, as they would be antidilutive.

11. Employee Benefit Plans

        Pension Benefits—Certain of the Company's subsidiaries have qualified defined benefit plans covering a majority of their employees. Company contributions to the plans were made based upon the minimum amounts required under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act. The plans' assets are held by independent trustees and consist primarily of equity and fixed income securities.

        Certain of the pension obligations of the Company's former freight car operations were retained by the Company. Benefits under such plans were frozen as of the sale date.

        Post-retirement Benefits—The Company provides health care benefits and life insurance for certain salaried and hourly retired employees. Employees may become eligible for health care benefits if they retire after attaining specified age and service requirements. These benefits are subject to deductibles, co-payment provisions and other limitations.

        The Company uses December 31 as the measurement date for determining pension plan assets and obligations. For measurement purposes, a 10% annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health care benefits was assumed for 2005 decreasing gradually to an ultimate rate of 5% by the year 2008 and remains at that level thereafter.

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        The Company does not offer any other significant post-retirement benefits. The following table sets forth the plans' funded status.

 
  2004
  2003
 
 
  Pension
  Post-retirement
  Pension
  Post-retirement
 
 
  (in thousands)

 
Change in benefit obligation:                          
Benefit obligations—beginning of year   $ 59,398   $ 36,716   $ 57,472   $ 29,804  
  Service cost     618     622     521     499  
  Interest cost     3,624     2,245     3,609     2,162  
  Plan amendment         215     37      
  Plan curtailment                  
  Actuarial loss     5,505     9,952     1,312     6,528  
  Benefits paid     (3,330 )   (3,141 )   (3,553 )   (2,277 )
   
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligations—end of year   $ 65,815   $ 46,609   $ 59,398   $ 36,716  
   
 
 
 
 
Change in plan assets:                          
  Fair value of plan assets—beginning of year   $ 46,021   $   $ 36,047   $  
  Actual return on plan assets     4,143         7,036      
  Employer contribution     4,604     3,142     6,491     2,277  
  Benefits paid     (3,330 )   (3,142 )   (3,553 )   (2,277 )
   
 
 
 
 
  Fair value of plan assets—end of year   $ 51,438   $   $ 46,021   $  
   
 
 
 
 
  Benefit obligations in excess of plan assets   $ (14,377 ) $ (46,609 ) $ (13,376 ) $ (36,716 )
Unrecognized net loss     25,570     33,065     20,876     24,484  
Unrecognized prior service cost     1,241     (4,186 )   1,383     (4,870 )
   
 
 
 
 
Net amount recognized   $ 12,434   $ (17,730 ) $ 8,883   $ (17,102 )
   
 
 
 
 
Recognized in balance sheet:                          
  Accrued benefit obligation   $ (14,377 ) $ (17,730 ) $ (13,376 ) $ (17,102 )
  Intangible asset     1,241         1,383      
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss     25,570         20,876      
   
 
 
 
 
Net amount recognized   $ 12,434   $ (17,730 ) $ 8,883   $ (17,102 )
   
 
 
 
 
Weighted-average assumptions:                          
  Discount rate     5.75 %   5.75 %   6.25 %   6.25 %
  Expected return on plan assets     8.50 %       9.00 %    
  Rate of compensation increase     N/A     N/A     N/A     N/A  
Service cost   $ 618   $ 622   $ 521   $ 499  
Interest cost     3,624     2,245     3,609     2,162  
Expected return on plan assets     (4,250 )       (4,202 )    
Amortization of unrecognized net loss     919     1,371     568     1,277  
Prior service cost     142     (468 )   141     (490 )
   
 
 
 
 
Net periodic benefit cost   $ 1,053   $ 3,770   $ 637   $ 3,448  
   
 
 
 
 

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        The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined pension plans was $65.8 million and $59.4 million at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively.

 
  2004
  2003
 
  (in thousands)

Projected benefit obligation   $ 65,815   $ 59,397
Accumulated benefit obligation     65,815     59,397
Fair value of plan assets     51,438     46,021

        Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the health care plans. A one percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:

 
  2004
 
 
  1-Percentage-
Point Increase

  1-Percentage-
Point Decrease

 
 
  (in thousands)

 
Effect on total of service and interest cost   $ 534   $ (480 )
Effect on post-retirement benefit obligation     6,042     (5,438 )

        Plan Assets—The Company has appointed a non-affiliated third party professional investment advisor to manage the domestic pension plan assets. The plan's overall investment objective is to provide a long-term return that, along with Company contributions, is expected to meet future benefit payment requirements. A long-term horizon has been adopted in establishing investment policy such that the likelihood and duration of investment losses are carefully weighed against the long-term potential for appreciation of assets. The plan's investment policy requires investments to be diversified across individual securities, industries, market capitalization and valuation characteristics. In addition, various techniques are utilized to monitor, measure and manage risk.

        The Company's pension plan weighted average asset allocations by asset category, are as follows at December 31:

 
  2004
  2003
 
Equity Securities   62 % 57 %
Debt Securities   38 % 43 %
Other      
   
 
 
Total   100 % 100 %
   
 
 

        To develop the expected long-term rate of return on assets assumption, the Company considered the historical returns and the future expectations for returns for each asset class, as well as the target asset allocation of the pension portfolio. This resulted in the selection of the 8.5% long-term rate of return on assets used in 2004 and 9.0% in 2003.

        The Company expects to contribute $2.4 million to its pension plans and to pay $2.5 million in post-retirement benefits in 2005.

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        Expected Future Benefit Payments—The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid:

 
  Pension Benefits
  Other Benefits
 
  (in thousands)

2005   $ 3,615   $ 2,532
2006     3,613     2,491
2007     3,627     2,661
2008     3,610     2,796
2009     3,615     2,902
Years 2010-2014     18,615     15,737

        The Company does not believe the Merger will affect the expected benefits to be paid.

        Defined Contribution Plans—Certain of the Company's subsidiaries also maintain qualified, defined contribution plans which provide benefits to their employees based on employee contributions, years of service, employee earnings or certain subsidiary earnings, with discretionary contributions allowed. Expenses relating to these plans were $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 and $2.5 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002.

12. Income Taxes

        The income taxes provision (benefit) for the years ended December 31, consists of the following:

 
  2004
  2003
  2002
 
 
  (in thousands)

 
Current tax provision (benefit):                    
  Federal   $ (889 ) $ (4,138 ) $ (559 )
  State     2,212     692     (283 )
   
 
 
 
Total current tax provision (benefit)     1,323     (3,446 )   (842 )
Deferred tax provision (benefit)     (2,552 )   9,694     (837 )
   
 
 
 
Income tax provision (benefit)   $ (1,229 ) $ 6,248   $ (1,679 )
   
 
 
 

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        The income tax provision (benefit) for the years ended December 31, differs from the amounts computed by applying the federal statutory rate as follows:

 
  2004
  2003
  2002
 
Income taxes at federal statutory rate   (35.0 )% 35.0 % (35.0 )%
State income taxes—net of federal benefit   (3.3 ) (2.4 ) (5.6 )
Gain on senior subordinated debt exchange     34.2    
Other permanent items   0.7   1.1    
Write-off of tax benefit from rabbi trust shares       14.0  
Goodwill adjustment   4.3      
Increase in federal and state tax reserves   1.2      
Increase in valuation and other adjustments—net   24.5   (3.8 ) 3.9  
   
 
 
 
Effective income tax rate   (7.6 )% 64.1 % (22.7 )%
   
 
 
 

        Components of deferred tax benefits (obligations) consist of the following at December 31:

 
  2004
  2003
 
 
  (in thousands)

 
Tax credit carryforwards   $ 18,418   $ 13,938  
Post-retirement medical and pension benefit reserves     12,280     10,374  
Restructuring reserve     603     2,381  
Environmental reserve     1,228     1,226  
Vacation reserve     2,023     1,810  
Accrued workers' compensation reserve     2,115     1,975  
Other     5,407     3,900  
   
 
 
Total Benefits   $ 42,074   $ 35,604  
   
 
 
Property, plant and equipment   $ (15,574 ) $ (15,773 )
Trademarks and technologies     (15,661 )   (15,702 )
Inventories     (2,940 )   (2,328 )
Other     (4,929 )   (2,913 )
   
 
 
Total Obligations   $ (39,104 ) $ (36,716 )
   
 
 
Net deferred tax benefits (obligations)   $ 2,970   $ (1,112 )
Less valuation allowance     (3,200 )   (3,500 )
   
 
 
Total deferred taxes   $ (230 ) $ (4,612 )
   
 
 

        In the consolidated balance sheets, these deferred benefits and deferred obligations are classified as deferred income tax assets or deferred income tax liabilities, based on the classification of the related liability or asset for financial reporting purposes. A deferred tax asset or liability that is not related to an asset or liability for financial reporting, including deferred tax assets related to carryforwards, is classified according to the expected reversal date of the temporary difference as of the end of the year. Tax credit carryforwards, which exist at December 31, 2004, consist of certain federal and state tax net operating loss and credit carryforwards.

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        The Company's federal and state income tax returns are subject to review by the relevant tax authorities. While the Company believes the positions it takes in its returns are reasonable and appropriate, it is likely that the tax authorities will challenge certain deductions and positions claimed in these returns. The Company has established reserves of $3.9 million and $3.7 million in 2004 and 2003, respectively, which it considers adequate to cover any asserted liability.

        As of December 31, 2004, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards of $41.9 million available to offset future taxable income, resulting in a deferred tax asset of $14.9 million. Additionally, the Company has approximately $52.3 million of state net operating losses ("NOLs") available to offset future taxable income, resulting in a deferred tax benefit of $3.5 million. However, due to the uncertainty of the Company's ability to utilize the state NOLs in the future, a valuation reserve of $3.2 million has been recorded against this deferred tax asset.

        IRC Section 382 imposes a limitation on the future utilization of NOLs if a greater than 50% ownership change occurs. Due to the Merger on January 31, 2005, an annual limitation will be imposed on the utilization of the NOLs based on the value of the Company at the date of the ownership change times the long-term tax-exempt rate at the time of the change. The federal NOLs are scheduled to expire in the tax years ending December 31, 2020 through December 31, 2023. The state NOLs are scheduled to expire in the tax years ending December 31, 2010 through December 31, 2023.

13. Product Warranties

        The Company provides product warranties in conjunction with certain product sales. Generally, sales are accompanied by a 1- to 5-year standard warranty. These warranties cover factors such as non-conformance to specifications and defects in material and workmanship.

        Estimated standard warranty costs are recorded in the period in which the related product sales occur. The warranty liability recorded at each balance sheet date in other current liabilities reflects the estimated number of months of warranty coverage outstanding for products delivered times the average of historical monthly warranty payments, as well as additional amounts for certain major warranty issues that exceed a normal claims level. The following table summarizes product warranty activity recorded for the years ended December 31:

 
  December 31
 
 
  2004
  2003
  2002
 
 
  (in thousands)

 
Balance—beginning of year   $ 843   $ 917   $ 851  
  Provision for new warranties     1,126     1,131     1,296  
  Payments     (1,102 )   (1,205 )   (1,230 )
   
 
 
 
Balance—end of year   $ 867   $ 843   $ 917  
   
 
 
 

14. Environmental Matters

        The Company is subject to comprehensive and frequently changing federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, and will incur additional capital and operating costs in the future to comply with currently existing laws and regulations, new regulatory requirements arising from recently enacted statutes and possible new statutory enactments. In addition to environmental laws that

F-60



regulate the Company's subsidiaries' ongoing operations, the subsidiaries also are subject to environmental remediation liability. Under the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act ("CERCLA") and analogous state laws, the Company's subsidiaries may be liable as a result of the release or threatened release of hazardous substances into the environment. The Company's subsidiaries are currently involved in several matters relating to the investigation and/or remediation of locations where the subsidiaries have arranged for the disposal of foundry and other wastes. Such matters include certain situations in which the Company has been named or is believed to be a Potentially Responsible Party ("PRP") in the contamination of the sites (primarily nine off-site locations related to the Company's wheel-end and truck and industrial components operations). Additionally, environmental remediation may be required at certain of the Company's facilities at which soil and groundwater contamination has been identified.

        The Company believes that it has valid claims for contractual indemnification against prior owners for certain of the investigatory and remedial costs at many of the above-mentioned sites. As a result of a private party settlement of litigation with a prior owner of the Company's wheel end subsidiary, the Company will not be responsible (through a contractual undertaking by the former owner) for certain liabilities and costs resulting from the wheel-end subsidiary's waste disposal prior to September 1987 at certain of such sites. The Company has been notified, however, by certain other contractual indemnitors that they will not honor future claims for indemnification. Accordingly, the Company has pursued indemnification claims but there is no assurance that even if successful in any such claims, any judgments against the indemnitors will ultimately be recoverable. In addition, the Company believes it is likely that it has incurred some liability at various sites for activities and disposal following acquisition that would not in any event be covered by indemnification by prior owners.

        As a result of on-going monitoring activities and progress with environmental regulatory bodies, the Company commissioned detailed studies of its environmental exposures during 2003. Based on the results of these studies, the Company decreased its estimated environmental remediation liabilities by $6.6 million, resulting in a $3.0 million reserve balance at December 31, 2003. As of December 31, 2004, the Company has a $2.8 million environmental reserve. The reserve is based on current cost estimates and does not reduce estimated expenditures to net present value.

        The Company currently anticipates spending approximately $0.2 million per year in 2005 through 2009 for monitoring the various environmental sites associated with the environmental reserve, including attorney and consultant costs for strategic planning and negotiations with regulators and other PRPs, and payment of remedial investigation costs. Based on all of the information presently available to it, the Company believes that its environmental reserves will be adequate to cover the future costs related to the sites associated with the environmental reserves, and that any additional costs will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of the Company. However, the discovery of additional sites, the modification of existing laws or regulations or the imposition of joint and several liability under CERCLA could result in such a material adverse effect.

F-61



15. Commitments and Contingencies

        The Company leases certain real property and equipment under long-term leases expiring at various dates through 2015. The leases generally contain specific renewal or purchase options at the then fair market value. Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 2004 are as follows:

 
  Operating
Leases

 
  (in thousands)

2005   $ 4,655
2006     3,361
2007     2,838
2008     2,212
2009     1,424
Thereafter     5,553
   
Total minimum lease payments   $ 20,043
   

        While the Company is liable for maintenance, insurance and similar costs under most of its leases, such costs are not included in the future minimum lease payments. Total rental expense for the year was $6.7 million.

        On October 30, 2003, the Company sold the real property of its Emeryville, California plant for $6.5 million and moved the operations into a leased facility in the area. The transaction resulted in a net gain of $3.7 million and a mandatory prepayment of senior credit facility term loans of $5.3 million.

        The Company is involved in certain threatened and pending legal proceedings including workers' compensation claims arising out of the conduct of its businesses. In the opinion of management, the ultimate outcome of such legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.

16. Operating Segment and Concentration of Sales

        The Company consists of five operating units that manufacture and sell a diversified product mix to the heavy- and medium-duty truck industry within North America. These operating units are aggregated into a single reporting segment as they have similar economic characteristics, products and production processes, class of customer and distribution methods. The Company believes this segmentation is appropriate based upon management's operating decisions and performance assessment.

        Major Customers—The Company's net sales in the aggregate to its four largest customers during 2004, 2003 and 2002 were 62.1%, 58.8% and 58.2% of total net sales in these periods, respectively. One customer accounted for 24.5%, 22.5% and 23.3% of total net sales in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.

F-62



    Product Information—Net Sales

        Net sales for the Company's key products and brands are as follows for the years ended December 31:

 
  2004
  2003
  2002
 
  (in thousands)

Wheel-end components and assemblies   $ 261,607   $ 198,627   $ 172,948
Truck body and chassis parts     123,571     88,607     87,438
Industrial components and farm implements     97,203     80,900     73,627
Seating assemblies     61,705     43,877     43,649
Other truck components     44,254     27,998     33,936
   
 
 
  Total   $ 588,340   $ 440,009   $ 411,598
   
 
 

17. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        The Company's financial instruments consist primarily of cash in banks, receivables, accounts payable, debt and interest rate swaps.

        The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, receivables and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. At December 31, 2004, the fair value of senior debt approximated $225.2 million.. The fair market value of the senior subordinated notes approximated $102.0 million.

        The fair values of interest-rate swap agreements are the estimated amounts that the Company would pay to terminate the agreements at the reporting date, taking into account current interest rates and the market expectation for future interest rates. The Company has entered into interest-rate swap agreements in order to manage its exposure to interest rate risk. These interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges of the Company's variable rate debt. During 2004, 2003, and 2002 no ineffectiveness was recognized in the statement of operations on these hedges.

18. Aborted IPO Costs, CEO Severance and Merger Costs

        On August 11, 2004, the Company postponed its initial public offering of common stock. As of September 30, 2004, the Company had $2.9 million of capitalized costs. The 90 day postponement period as defined by the SEC in SAB Topic 5-A expired on November 9, 2004, consequently for purposes of recognition of the initial public offering expenses the Company considered the initial public offering aborted and in November 2004 expensed the $2.9 million of capitalized costs.

        On August 15, 2004, the Company's President, Andrew M. Weller, succeeded Thomas M. Begel as the Company's Chief Executive Officer. This event resulted in the termination of Mr. Begel's employment agreement and a related charge of $3.5 million which was recorded in the third quarter of 2004

        In connection with the Merger, the Company expensed approximately $1.0 million during the fourth quarter of 2004.

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19. Gain on Sale of Rail Assets

        In 2001, the Company sold its minority equity interest in its former rail car operations ("Rail Assets") to certain of its common shareholders for $15.0 million. As a part of the sale of the Rail Assets, the purchasers obtained the unconditional right to sell up to two-thirds of such assets back to the Company through December 31, 2003, in exchange for up to 465,116 shares of common stock at $21.50 per share and up to 465,116 warrants to purchase common stock at $0.01 per share (the "Put Rights"). As a result of the contingent nature of the Rail Asset sale, the Company had deferred recognition of two-thirds of the related gain until the Put Rights expired in December 2003, resulting in recognition of the remaining $10 million gain during the year ended December 31, 2003.

20. Quarterly Results of Operations (unaudited)

        Unaudited quarterly financial data is as follows:

 
  First
Quarter

  Second
Quarter

  Third
Quarter

  Fourth
Quarter

 
 
  (in thousands except per share data)

 
2004                          
Net sales   $ 134,780   $ 144,788   $ 155,742   $ 153,030  
Gross profit     20,864     22,515     19,386     12,951  
Net income available to common shareholders     (10,028 )   (8,559 )   (8,518 )   (18,875 )
Diluted earnings (loss) per share   $ (3.75 ) $ (3.20 ) $ (3.18 ) $ (7.06 )
2003                          
Net sales   $ 104,756   $ 112,550   $ 111,002   $ 111,701  
Gross profit     16,969     18,997     18,027     17,085  
Net income available to common shareholders     (6,040 )   (4,789 )   (5,636 )   2,197  
Diluted earnings (loss) per share   $ (2.43 ) $ (1.86 ) $ (2.11 ) $ 0.82  
2002                          
Net sales   $ 99,389   $ 110,252   $ 109,698   $ 92,259  
Gross profit     17,661     21,495     19,423     12,916  
Net income available to common shareholders     (8,189 )   (3,060 )   (3,840 )   (9,685 )
Diluted earnings (loss) per share   $ (3.71 ) $ (1.39 ) $ (1.67 ) $ (4.04 )

21. Related Party Transactions

        The Company is a party to a monitoring agreement with Transportation Investment Partners, L.L.C., Caravelle Advisors Investment Fund, L.L.C., Albion Alliance Mezzanine Fund, L.P. and Albion Alliance Mezzanine Fund II, L.P. (the "Monitors"), under which the Monitors have agreed to provide the Company with ongoing monitoring services in exchange for an annual aggregate monitoring fee of up to $1.25 million (the "original monitoring fee"). The Company has also agreed to pay the Monitors annual aggregate director and observer fees of up to $0.3 million in consideration for the Monitors (and certain of their affiliates) providing their nominee and/or observers to our board of directors and have further agreed to pay Trimaran Fund Management, L.L.C. and Albion Alliance, LLC an additional aggregate annual monitoring fee of $0.3 million (the "additional monitoring fee"). As of December 31, 2004, there were no accrued but unpaid fees owed under the monitoring agreement. As a result of the merger, the monitoring agreement was terminated in January 2005.

F-64



        The fees under the monitoring agreement are permitted to be paid only to the extent permitted under the Company's senior credit facilities and any other financing agreement the Company has entered into. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the monitoring and director fees described above will accrue and be earned on a daily basis and will be payable (including all missed payments) on the first date that such a payment is permitted under the senior credit facilities or applicable financing agreement.

        On January 31, 2005, contingent upon the merger closing, Trimaran Fund Management, L.L.C. was paid a $5.0 million fee for arranging the merger of the Company.

        Through TMB Industries ("TMB"), members of management, including the executive officers, hold ownership interests in, and in certain instances are directors of, privately held companies. These privately held companies pay management fees to TMB, portions of which are distributed to certain executive officers. The Company provides certain administrative services and corporate facilities to TMB and such companies and is reimbursed for the related costs. These costs are recorded as offsets to selling, general and administrative expense. The Company received reimbursements totaling approximately $0.5 million for 2004. The Company's principal stockholders, executive officers and directors, as a group, will be able to influence or control substantially all matters requiring approval by its stockholders, including, without limitation, the election of directors, mergers, consolidations and sales of all or substantially all of the Company's assets.

22. Loan to Named Executive Officer

        On September 10, 1999, pursuant a restated promissory note, the Company lent one of its executive officers $100,000 to be used towards the purchase of his residence. Interest of $6,000 relating to this loan has been forgiven each year and is recognized as additional compensation expense.

F-65


GRAPHIC


13,900,000 Shares

GRAPHIC

Common Stock


PROSPECTUS
            , 2005


Citigroup
Deutsche Bank Securities
UBS Investment Bank


Robert W. Baird & Co.
Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.

        Until            , 2005 (25 days after the commencement of the offering), all dealers that effect transactions in our common stock, whether or not participating in the offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers' obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.



PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

        The following table shows the costs and expenses, other than underwriting discounts, payable in connection with the sale and distribution of the securities being registered. Except as otherwise noted, the registrant will pay all of these amounts. All amounts are estimates except the Securities and Exchange Commission Registration Fee and the NASD filing fee.

Securities and Exchange Commission Registration Fee   $ 35,748.00
National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Filing Fee   $ 29,500.00
New York Stock Exchange Listing Fee   $ 176,000.00
Printing and Engraving Expenses   $ 400,000.00
Legal Fees and Expenses   $ 1,000,000.00
Accounting Fees and Expenses   $ 500,000.00
Transfer Agent and Registrar Agent Fees   $ 25,000.00
Miscellaneous   $ 1,083,752.00
   
  Total   $ 3,250,000.00
   

Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

        Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides that a corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interest of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful; and further that a corporation may indemnify such person against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with the defense or settlement of action or suit by or in the right of the corporation, if the person acted in good faith and in a manner the person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper. To the extent that a present or former director or officer of a corporation has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any such action describing in this paragraph, suit or proceeding, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, such person shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection therewith.

        Section 102(b)(7) of the Delaware General Corporation Law allows a corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a provision to eliminate or limit the personal liability of a director of a corporation to the corporation or to any of its stockholders for monetary damages for a breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except in the case where the director (1) breaches his duty of loyalty to the

II-1



corporation or its stockholders, (2) fails to act in good faith, engages in intentional misconduct or knowingly violates a law, (3) authorizes the unlawful payment of a dividend or approves a stock purchase or redemption in violation of Section 174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law or (4) obtains an improper personal benefit. The registrant's certificate of incorporation includes a provision which eliminates directors' personal liability to the fullest extent permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law.

        The registrant's bylaws provide that the registrant shall indemnify its directors and executive officers to the fullest extent not prohibited by the Delaware General Corporation Law or any other applicable law; provided, however, that the registrant may modify the extent of such indemnification by individual contracts with its directors and executive officers; and, provided, further, that the registrant shall not be required to indemnify any director or executive officer in connection with any proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless (i) such indemnification is expressly required to be made by law, (ii) the proceeding was authorized by the board of directors of the registrant, (iii) such indemnification is provided by the registrant, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the registrant under the Delaware General Corporation Law or any other applicable law or (iv) such indemnification is otherwise required to be made under the bylaws. The registrant also has power to indemnify its other officers, employees and other agents as set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law or any other applicable law.

        Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law further provides that a corporation shall have power to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against such person and incurred by such person in any such capacity, or arising out of such person's status as such, whether or not the corporation would otherwise have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under Section 145.

        The registrant's bylaws provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law or any other applicable law, the registrant may purchase insurance on behalf of any person required or permitted to be indemnified pursuant to the bylaws.

        The registrant currently has in place policies of insurance under which, subject to the limitations of such policies, coverage is provided (1) to its directors and officers against loss arising from claims made by reason of breach of fiduciary duty or other wrongful acts as a director or officer and (2) to the registrant with respect to payments which may be made by the registrant to these officers and directors pursuant to the above indemnification provision or otherwise as a matter of law.

        We expect that the form of underwriting agreement to be filed as an exhibit hereto will provide for the indemnification of the registrant, its controlling persons, its directors and certain of its officers by the underwriters and for the indemnification of the underwriters by the Registrant, in each case against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

        The registrant intends to enter into agreements with its directors and officers that require the registrant to indemnify such persons against expenses, judgments, fines, settlements, and other amounts that any such person becomes legally obligated to pay (including with respect to a derivative action) in connection with any proceeding, whether actual or threatened, to which such person may be made a party by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the registrant or any of its affiliates. The indemnification agreements also set forth certain procedures that will apply in the event of a claim for indemnification thereunder. At present, no litigation or proceeding is pending that involves a director or officer of the registrant regarding which indemnification is sought, nor is the registrant aware of any threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification.

        See also the undertakings set out in response to Item 17.

II-2



Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.

        Set forth below are the sales of all securities of the registrant sold by the registrant within the past three years which were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.

        On January 31, 2005, we completed the sale of $275.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 81/2% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2015 in a private placement transaction. Exemption from registration under the Securities Act was based on Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act. We offered and sold the notes only (1) to "qualified institutional buyers," as defined in Rule 144A under the Securities Act, or QIBs, in compliance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act and (2) and offers and sales that occurred outside the United States were made to persons other than U.S. persons in offshore transactions meeting the requirements of Rule 903 of Regulation S under the Securities Act.

        On January 31, 2005, in connection with the TTI merger, we issued 7,964,236 shares of common stock to the holders of the preferred and common stock of TTI, plus up to a maximum of 1,142,495 additional shares of common stock issuable upon the completion of this offering, such amount to be determined by the initial public offering price in this offering together with TTI's achievement of certain performance goals during the first quarter of 2005. Exemption from registration under the Securities Act was based on Regulation D promulgated under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

        During the three-year period ending on December 31, 2004, we have granted options to purchase shares of common stock to employees, directors and consultants under our 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan for Employees of Accuride Corporation and Subsidiaries at an exercise price of $2.961 per share. These transactions were effected under Rule 701 or Section 4(2) under the Securities Act.

        On November 29, 2004, we issued 2,009 shares of our common stock pursuant to the exercise of employee stock options. 1,773 of these shares were issued pursuant to an employee stock option for $8.46 per share, and the remainder was issued pursuant to an employee stock option for $2.961 per share. Exemption from registration under the Securities Act was based on the grounds that the issuance was offered and sold pursuant to a compensatory benefit plan within the meaning of Rule 701 of the Securities Act or did not involve a public offering within the meaning of Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

        On March 8, 2004, we issued options to purchase an aggregate of 153,660 shares of our common stock to certain members of management. These options vest pro rata over a four-year period and must be exercised within a ten-year period. The exercise price of such options is $2.961 per share. None of these securities were registered under the Securities Act. Such issuances of options to purchase common stock were made pursuant to the 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan for Employees of Accuride Corporation and Subsidiaries. Exemption from registration under the Securities Act was based upon the grounds that the issuance of such securities did not involve a public offering within the meaning of Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

        On September 30, 2003, we issued 1,891 shares of our common stock pursuant to the exercise of an employee stock option for $2.961 per share. Exemption from registration under the Securities Act was based on the grounds that the issuance of such securities did not involve a public offering within the meaning of Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

        In March 2002, pursuant to our October 2001 offer to eligible employees to exchange certain performance options with an exercise price of $8.46 per share or more, we granted new time options to purchase an aggregate of 181,496 shares of common stock under the 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan. In addition, in June 2002, we issued additional time options under the 1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan to members of management to purchase 831,537 shares of common stock. Both the March and June issuances have a per share exercise price of $2.961 and vest ratably over a four-year period. Exemption from registration under the Securities Act was based on the grounds that the issuance of

II-3



such securities did not involve a public offering within the meaning of Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.

(a)
Exhibits

        See Exhibit Index beginning on page II-7 of this registration statement.

(b)
Financial Statement Schedules

        None.

Item 17. Undertakings.

        (a)   The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

        (b)   Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

        (c)   The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

            (1)   For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

            (2)   For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

II-4



SIGNATURES

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant has duly caused this amendment to the registration statement on Form S-1 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Evansville, State of Indiana, on April 1, 2005.

    ACCURIDE CORPORATION

 

 

By:

/s/  
TERRENCE J. KEATING      
      Name: Terrence J. Keating
      Title: President and Chief Executive Officer


POWER OF ATTORNEY

        We, the undersigned directors and officers of Accuride Corporation, do hereby constitute and appoint Terrence J. Keating and John R. Murphy, and each and any of them, our true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents to do any and all acts and things in our names and our behalf in our capacities as directors and officers and to execute any and all instruments for us and in our name in the capacities indicated below, which said attorneys and agents, or any of them, may deem necessary or advisable to enable Accuride Corporation to comply with the Securities Act and any rules, regulations and requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with this registration statement or any registration statement for this offering of securities that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, including specifically, but without limitation, any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) hereto, and we hereby ratify and confirm all that said attorneys and agents, or any of them, shall do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

        Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this amendment to registration statement on Form S-1 has been signed on April 1, 2005 by the following persons in the capacities indicated.

Signature
  Title

 

 

 
/s/  TERRENCE J. KEATING       
Terrence J. Keating
  President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) and Director

/s/  
JOHN R. MURPHY      
John R. Murphy

 

Executive Vice President/Finance and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

*

Andrew M. Weller

 

Executive Vice President/Components Operations & Integration and Director

*

James H. Greene, Jr.

 

Director
     

II-5



*

Frederick M. Goltz

 

Director

*

Todd A. Fisher

 

Director

*

Jay R. Bloom

 

Director

*

Mark D. Dalton

 

Director

*

James C. Momtazee

 

Director

/s/  
CHARLES E. MITCHELL RENTSCHLER      
Charles E. Mitchell Rentschler

 

Director

/s/  
DONALD C. ROOF      
Donald C. Roof

 

Director

*By:

 

/s/  
TERRENCE J. KEATING      
Terrence J. Keating
as Attorney-in-Fact

II-6



EXHIBIT INDEX

1.1* Form of Underwriting Agreement dated as of                , 2005 by and among Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., UBS Securities LLC, Accuride Corporation and the selling stockholders named in Schedule II thereto.

2.1


Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 24, 2004, by and among Accuride Corporation, Amber Acquisition Corp., Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc., certain signing stockholders and the Company Stockholders Representatives. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 8-K filed on December 30, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference.

2.2


Stock Subscription and Redemption Agreement, dated as of November 17, 1997, among Accuride Corporation, Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C. and Phelps Dodge Corporation. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-4 effective July 23, 1998 (Reg. No. 333-50239) and incorporated herein by reference.

2.3


Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of January 28, 2005, by and among Accuride Corporation, Amber Acquisition Corp., Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. certain signing stockholders and the Company Stockholders Representatives. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 8-K filed on February 4, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.

3.1+


Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, of Accuride Corporation.

3.2


Bylaws of Accuride Corporation. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-4 effective July 23, 1998 (Reg. No. 333-50239) and incorporated herein by reference.

3.3*


Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Accuride Corporation to be effective prior to the completion of the offering.

3.4*


Amended and Restated Bylaws of Accuride Corporation to be effective prior to the completion of the offering.

4.1+


Specimen common stock certificate of registrant.

4.2


Indenture, dated as of January 31, 2005, by and among the Registrant, all of the Registrant's direct and indirect Domestic Subsidiaries existing on the Issuance Date and The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., with respect to $275.0 million aggregate principal amount of 81/2% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2015. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 8-K filed on February 4, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.

4.3


Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement dated January 31, 2005 by and among the Registrant and each of the Stockholders (as defined therein). Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 8-K filed on February 4, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.

4.4


Shareholder Rights Agreement dated January 31, 2005 by and among the Registrant and the Stockholders (as defined therein). Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 8-K filed on February 4, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.

4.5+


Registration Rights Agreement, dated January 31, 2005, by and among Accuride Corporation, as issuer, the Guarantors named in Schedule A thereto and Lehman Brothers Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and UBS Securities LLC, as initial purchasers.

4.6+


Stockholders' Agreement, dated January 21, 1998, as amended and assigned, by and among Accuride Corporation, RSTW Partners III, L.P. (as successor to Phelps Dodge Corporation) and Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C.
     

II-7



4.7+


Bond Guaranty Agreement dated as of March 1, 1999 by Bostrom Seating, Inc. in favor of NBD Bank as Trustee.

5.1†


Opinion of Latham & Watkins LLP.

10.1+


1998 Stock Purchase and Option Plan for Employees of Accuride Corporation and Subsidiaries, as amended.

10.2


Form of Non-qualified Stock Option Agreement by and between Accuride Corporation and certain employees. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-4 effective July 23, 1998 (Reg. No. 333-50239) and incorporated herein by reference.

10.3


Form of Repayment and Stock Pledge Agreement by and between Accuride Corporation and certain employees. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-4 effective July 23, 1998 (Reg. No. 333-50239) and incorporated herein by reference.

10.4


Form of Secured Promissory Note in favor of Accuride Corporation. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-4 effective July 23, 1998 (Reg. No. 333-50239) and incorporated herein by reference.

10.5


Form of Stockholders' Agreement by and among Accuride Corporation, certain employees and Hubcap Acquisition L.L.C. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-4 effective July 23, 1998 (Reg. No. 333-50239) and incorporated herein by reference.

10.6*


2005 Equity Incentive Award Plan.

10.7*


Accuride Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

10.8


Form of Severance Agreement by and between Accuride Corporation and certain executives. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-4 effective July 23, 1998 (Reg. No. 333-50239) and incorporated herein by reference.

10.9


Lease Agreement, dated November 1, 1988, by and between Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation and The Bell Company regarding the property in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, as amended and extended. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form S-4 effective July 23, 1998 (Reg. No. 333-50239) and incorporated herein by reference.

10.10+


First Amendment to Lease Agreement, dated September 30, 1998, between AKW, L.P. (Accuride Erie) (as successor to Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation) and Sarum Management (as successor to The Bell Company) regarding the property in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio.

10.11


Second Amendment to Lease Agreement between AKW, L.P. (Accuride Erie) (as successor to Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation) and Sarum Management (as successor to the Bell Company) regarding the property in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. Previously filed as an Exhibit to the Form 10-K filed on March 21, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.12


Third Amendment to Lease Agreement between Accuride Erie L.P. and Sarum Management regarding the property in Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. Previously filed as an Exhibit to the Form 10-K filed on March 17, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.13+


Lease Agreement, dated October 26, 1998, as amended, by and between Accuride Corporation and Viking Properties, LLC. regarding the Evansville, Indiana office space.

10.14+


Amended and Restated Lease Agreement, dated April 1, 1999, between AKW, L.P. and Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation regarding the property in Erie, Pennsylvania.

10.15


Accuride Executive Retirement Allowance Policy, dated November 2003. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 10-K filed on March 17, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference.
     

II-8



10.16


Joint Marketing Agreement between Accuride Corporation and Gianetti Ruote SpA. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 10-K filed on March 26, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.17


Technology Cross License Agreement between Accuride Corporation and Gianetti Ruote SpA. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 10-K filed on March 26, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.18


Security Agreement between Accuride Canada, Inc., and Citicorp USA, Inc. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2001 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.19


Form of Change-In-Control Agreement (Tier I employees). Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 10-K filed on March 11, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.20


Form of Change-In-Control Agreement (Tier II employees). Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 10-K filed on March 11, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.21


Form of Change-In-Control Agreement (Tier III employees). Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 10-K filed on March 11, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.22


Pledge of Shares Agreement, dated June 13, 2003. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 10-Q filed August 13, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.23+


Lease Agreement, dated October 19, 1989, as amended between Accuride Corporation and The Package Company, L.L.C. (as successor in interest to Taylor Land & Co.), regarding the property in Taylor, Michigan.

10.24+


Lease Agreement, dated March 1, 1999, by and between the Industrial Development Board of the City of Piedmont and Bostrom Seating, Inc.

10.25+


Remarketing Agent Agreement, dated March 1, 1999, among Bostrom Seating, Inc., as User, the Industrial Development Board of the City of Piedmont, as Issuer, and Merchant Capital, L.L.C., as Remarketing Agent.

10.26+


Amended and Restated Build to Suit Industrial Lease Agreement, dated March 17, 2000, as amended, by and between Industrial Realty Partners, LLC and Imperial Group, L.P.

10.27+


Lease Agreement, dated August 19, 2003, as amended, by and between Sansome Pacific Properties, Inc. or its lawful assignee (as successor in interest to Bristol Rail Associates, LLC) and Gunite Corporation.

10.28+


Lease Agreement, dated August 13, 2002, by and between Fink Management, LLC and Gunite Corporation.

10.29+


Standard Industrial Commercial Single-Tenant Lease—Net, dated July 16, 2003, by and between Napa/Livermore Properties, LLC and Fabco Automotive Corporation.

10.30


Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated January 31, 2005, by and among the Registrant, Accuride Canada Inc., the banks, financial institutions and other institutional lenders listed on the signature pages thereof, Citibank, N.A., Citicorp USA, Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., Lehman Commercial Paper Inc., and UBS Securities LLC. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 8-K filed on February 4, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.
     

II-9



10.31


Amended and Restated Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, dated January 31, 2005, made by the Registrant and certain of its subsidiaries in favor of Citicorp USA, Inc. as administrative agent. Previously filed as an exhibit to the Form 8-K filed on February 4, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.

10.32+


Management Services Agreement, dated January 31, 2005, among Accuride Corporation, Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. and Trimaran Fund Management L.L.C.

10.33+


Employment Agreement, dated January 31, 2005, between Accuride Corporation and James Cirar.

10.34+


Employment Agreement, dated January 31, 2005, between Accuride Corporation and Andrew M. Weller.

10.35+


Employment Agreement, dated January 31, 2005, between Accuride Corporation and Donald C. Mueller.

10.36*


Form of Indemnification Agreement.

14.1+


Accuride Corporation Code of Conduct—2005.

21.1+


Subsidiaries of the Registrant.

23.1†


Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP.

23.2†


Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP.

23.3†


Consent of Latham & Watkins LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).

24.1


Power of Attorney (included in the signature pages to the Registration Statement).

Filed herewith.

*
To be filed by amendment.

+
Previously filed.

II-10




QuickLinks

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
Risks Related to Our Business
THE OFFERING
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
MARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA
SUMMARY HISTORICAL AND PRO FORMA AS ADJUSTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA
RISK FACTORS
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
TTI MERGER
USE OF PROCEEDS
DIVIDEND POLICY
CAPITALIZATION
DILUTION
PRO FORMA AS ADJUSTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Balance Sheet As of December 31, 2004
Unaudited Pro Forma as Adjusted Consolidated Statement of Income Year Ended December 31, 2004
SELECTED HISTORICAL CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA OF ACCURIDE
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
INDUSTRY
BUSINESS
2004 Pro Forma Net Sales Breakdown
MANAGEMENT
Summary Compensation Table
Aggregated Option/SAR Exercises in Last Fiscal Year and Fiscal Year-End Option/SAR Values
PRINCIPAL STOCKHOLDERS AND SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN INDEBTEDNESS
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME AND ESTATE TAX CONSEQUENCES FOR NON-U.S. HOLDERS
UNDERWRITING
LEGAL MATTERS
EXPERTS
WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
ACCURIDE CORPORATION INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
ACCURIDE CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ACCURIDE CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
ACCURIDE CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY) (Dollars in thousands)
ACCURIDE CORPORATION CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
ACCURIDE CORPORATION For the years ended December 31, 2002, 2003, and 2004 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC. INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Continued)
TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGIES INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PART II INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
SIGNATURES
POWER OF ATTORNEY
EXHIBIT INDEX
EX-5.1 2 a2154785zex-5_1.htm EXHIBIT 5.1

Exhibit 5.1

[LATHAM & WATKINS LETTERHEAD]

April 1, 2005

Accuride Corporation
7140 Office Circle
Evansville, Indiana 47715

    Re:
    Registration Statement No. 333-121944;
    15,985,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

Ladies and Gentlemen:

        We have acted as special counsel to Accuride Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), in connection with the proposed issuance of up to 15,985,000 shares (including up to 2,085,000 shares subject to the underwriters' over-allotment option) of common stock, $0.01 par value per share (the "Shares"), 10,425,000 shares (including up to 2,085,000 shares subject to the underwriters' over-allotment option) of which are being offered by certain stockholders of the Company, pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") on January 10, 2005 (File No. 333- 121944), as amended by Amendment No. 1 filed on February 23, 2005, Amendment No. 2 filed on March 25, 2005 and Amendment No. 3 filed on April 1, 2005 (collectively, the "Registration Statement"). This opinion is being furnished in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Act, and no opinion is expressed herein as to any matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement or Prospectus, other than as to the validity of the Shares.

        As such counsel, we have examined such matters of fact and questions of law as we have considered appropriate for purposes of this letter. With your consent, we have relied upon the foregoing and upon certificates and other assurances of officers of the Company and others as to factual matters with out having independently verified such factual matters.

        We are opining herein only as to General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and we express no opinion with respect to the applicability thereto, or the effect thereon, of any other laws.

        Subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof, when certificates representing the Shares in the form of the specimen certificate filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement have been manually signed by an authorized officer of the transfer agent and registrar therefor, and have been delivered to and paid for by the underwriters in the circumstances contemplated by the from of underwriting agreement filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, the issuance and sale of the Shares will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company, and the Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.

        This opinion is for your benefit in connection with the Registration Statement and may be relied upon by you and by persons entitled to rely upon it pursuant to the applicable provisions of federal securities laws. We consent to your filing this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm in the Prospectus under the heading "Legal Matters." In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

  Very truly yours,

 

/s/ Latham & Watkins LLP


EX-23.1 3 a2153760zex-23_1.htm EXHIBIT 23.1
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Exhibit 23.1

        The accompanying consolidated financial statements give effect to a 591-for-one split of the common stock of Accuride Corporation which will take place on the effective date of the offering. The following consent is in the form which will be furnished by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, upon completion of the 591-for-one split of the common stock of Accuride Corporation described in Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements and assuming that from February 18, 2005 to the date of such completion no other material events have occurred that would affect the consolidated financial statements or required disclosure therein.


CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

        "We consent to the use in this Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement No. 333-121944 of Accuride Corporation of our report dated February 4, 2005 (February 18, 2005 as to Notes 6 and 17 and April     , 2005 as to Note 18) appearing in the Prospectus, which is a part of such Registration Statement, and to the reference to us under the headings "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data of Accuride" and "Experts" in such Prospectus.

Indianapolis, Indiana
April    , 2005"

/s/  DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP      

DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP

Indianapolis, Indiana
March 31, 2005




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CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
EX-23.2 4 a2153760zex-23_2.htm EXHIBIT 23.2
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Exhibit 23.2


CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

        We consent to the use in this Amendment No. 3 to Registration Statement No. 333-121944 of Accuride Corporation on Form S-1 of our report (relating to the financial statements of Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc.) dated February 15, 2005 (which expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph relating to the adoption of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" as of January 1, 2002), appearing in the Prospectus, which is a part of such Registration Statement Amendment.

        We also consent to the references to us under the "Selected Historical Consolidated Financial and Other Data" and "Experts" in such Prospectus.

/s/Deloitte & Touche LLP

Chicago, Illinois
March 31, 2005




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CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
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[LATHAM & WATKINS LLP LETTERHEAD]

April 1, 2005

Securities and Exchange Commission
Judiciary Plaza
450 Fifth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20549
Attention:   Max A. Webb, Assistant Director
Margery Reich
Johanna Vega Losert
Amy Geddes
    Re:
    Accuride Corporation
    Registration Statement on Form S-1
    (Registration No. 333-121944)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

        On behalf of Accuride Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), enclosed herewith for filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), is Amendment No. 3 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 ("Amendment No. 3") relating to the initial public offering of the Company's common stock. The Company has previously paid the $35,747.26 registration fee by wire transfer to the Commission's account at Mellon Bank as permitted by the Rules under the Securities Act.

        Should the Staff have any comments regarding the enclosed Amendment No. 3, please contact Mark V. Roeder at (650) 463-3043 or Christopher D. Lueking of this firm at (312) 876-7680.

    Very truly yours,

 

 

/s/  
MARK FLEISHER, ESQ.      

 

 

Mark Fleisher
of LATHAM & WATKINS LLP
cc:
Accuride Corporation
Christopher D. Lueking, Esq.


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