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Nature of Operations, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Nature of Operations, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Nature of Operations, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Note 1 – Nature of Operations, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations – We are engaged primarily in the design, manufacture and distribution of components for trucks, trailers and certain military and construction vehicles. We sell our products primarily within North America and Latin America to original equipment manufacturers and to the aftermarket.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation - The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Accuride Corporation (the "Company") and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including Accuride Canada, Inc. ("Accuride Canada"), Accuride Erie L.P. ("Accuride Erie"), Accuride EMI, LLC ("Accuride Camden"),  Accuride de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. ("AdM"), AOT, Inc. ("AOT"), and Transportation Technologies Industries, Inc. ("TTI"). TTI's subsidiaries include Brillion Iron Works, Inc. ("Brillion") and Gunite Corporation ("Gunite"). All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated. Certain operating results from prior periods have been reclassified to discontinued operations to reflect the sale of certain businesses.  See Note 2 "Discontinued Operations" for further discussion.

On August 1, 2013, the Company announced the sale of substantially all of the assets, liabilities and business of its Imperial Group business to Wynnchurch Capital, Ltd. in partnership with Imperial Manufacturing, Inc. for $30.0 million, plus a contingent earn-out opportunity of up to $2.25 million.  The sale resulted in the recognition of a $12.0 million loss, including a $2.5 million impairment charge on the assets retained, on our consolidated statement of operations, which is reclassified within Discontinued Operations.  The sale included a working capital adjustment, plus a contingent payment of up to $2.25 million depending on Imperial's financial performance during calendar years 2013-2015.  See Note 2 "Discontinued Operations" for further discussion.

Management's Estimates and Assumptions – The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition – Revenue from product sales is recognized upon shipment whereupon title passes and we have no further obligations to the customer. Provisions for discounts and rebates to customers, and returns and other adjustments are provided for as a reduction of sales in the same period the related sales are recorded.

Cash and Cash Equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The carrying value of these investments approximates fair value due to their short maturity.

Inventories – Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost for substantially all inventories is determined by the first-in, first-out method ("FIFO"). We review inventory on hand and write down excess and obsolete inventory based on our assessment of future demand and historical experience. We also recognize abnormal items as current-period charges. Fixed production overhead costs are based on the normal capacity of the production facilities.

Property, Plant and EquipmentProperty, plant and equipment is recorded at cost and is depreciated using the straight-line method over their expected useful lives. Generally, buildings and improvements have useful lives of 15-40 years, and factory machinery and equipment have useful lives of 10 years.  Internal-use software is stated at cost less accumulated amortization and is amortized using the straight-line method over its estimated useful life of three years.  Software assets are reviewed for impairment when events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable over the remaining lives of the assets.  During the software application development stage, capitalized costs include external consulting costs, cost of software licenses, and internal payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with a software project.

Deferred Financing Costs – Costs incurred in connection with the ABL Credit Agreement and issuance of our senior secured notes (see Note 7) were originally deferred and are being amortized over the life of the related debt using the effective interest method.

Goodwill – Goodwill represents the excess of the reorganization value of the Company over the fair value of net tangible assets and identifiable assets and liabilities resulting from the fresh-start reporting. See Note 4 for further discussion.


Intangible Assets – Identifiable intangible assets consist of trade names, technology and customer relationships. Indefinite lived intangibles assets (trade names) are not amortized. The lives for the definite-lived intangibles assets are reviewed to ensure recoverability whenever events or changes in economic circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. See Note 4 for further discussion.

Impairment – We evaluate our long-lived assets to be held and used and our amortizing intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in economic circumstances indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Impairment is determined by comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the related asset group. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are carried at the lower of cost or fair value less the costs of disposal.

Goodwill and our indefinite lived intangible assets (trade names) are reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if impairment indicators exist. Impairment is determined for trade names by comparison of the carrying amount to the fair value, which is determined using an income approach (relief from royalty method). Impairment is determined for goodwill using the two-step approach. The first step is the estimation of fair value of each reporting unit, which is compared to the carrying value. If step one indicates that impairment potentially exists, the second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. Goodwill impairment exists when the implied fair value of goodwill is less than its carrying value.

Pension Plans – We have trusteed, non-contributory pension plans covering certain U.S. and Canadian employees. For certain plans, the benefits are based on career average salary and years of service and, for other plans, a fixed amount for each year of service. Our net periodic pension benefit costs are actuarially determined. Our funding policy provides that payments to the pension trusts shall be at least equal to the minimum legal funding requirements.

Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions – We have postretirement health care and life insurance benefit plans covering certain U.S. non-bargained and Canadian employees. We account for these benefits on an accrual basis and provide for the expected cost of such postretirement benefits accrued during the years employees render the necessary service. Our funding policy provides that payments to participants shall be at least equal to our cash basis obligation.

Postemployment Benefits Other Than Pensions – We have certain post-employment benefit plans, which provide severance benefits, covering certain U.S. and Canadian employees. We account for these benefits on an accrual basis.

Product Warranties – The Company provides product warranties in conjunction with certain product sales. Generally, sales are accompanied by a 1- to 5-year standard warranty. These warranties cover factors such as non-conformance to specifications and defects in material and workmanship.  See Note 17 for a discussion of warranties.

Income Taxes – Our income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and reserves for unrecognized tax benefits reflect management's best assessment of estimated future taxes to be paid. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgments and estimates are required in determining the consolidated income tax expense.

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax and financial statement recognition of revenue and expense. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets within the jurisdiction from which they arise, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, tax-planning strategies, and results of recent operations. In projecting future taxable income, we begin with historical results, adjusted for the results of discontinued operations and changes in accounting policies, and incorporate assumptions including the amount of future state, federal and foreign pretax operating income, the reversal of temporary differences, and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax-planning strategies. These assumptions require significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses. In evaluating the objective evidence that historical results provide, we consider three years of cumulative operating income (loss).

We have concluded that it is more likely than not that we will not realize the benefits of certain deferred tax assets, totaling $110 million, for which we have provided a valuation allowance. See Note 9 for a discussion of valuation allowances.

We record uncertain tax positions on the basis of a two-step process whereby (1) we determine whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained based on the technical merits of the position and (2) those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, we recognize the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority.  We also recognize accrued interest expense and penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits as additional tax expense.

Research and Development Costs – Expenditures relating to the development of new products and processes, including significant improvements and refinements to existing products, are expensed as incurred and are reported as a component of operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The amount expensed in the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 totaled $5.6 million, $5.7 million and $6.6 million, respectively.


Foreign Currency – The assets and liabilities of Accuride Canada and AdM that are receivable or payable in cash are converted at current exchange rates, and inventories and other non-monetary assets and liabilities are converted at historical rates. Revenues and expenses are converted at average rates in effect for the period. The functional currencies of Accuride Canada and AdM have been determined to be the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, gains and losses resulting from conversion of such amounts, as well as gains and losses on foreign currency transactions, are included in operating results as "Other loss, net." For the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013, and 2012 we had aggregate net foreign currency losses of $4.1 million, $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively.

Concentrations of Credit Risk – Financial instruments that potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, customer receivables, and derivative financial instruments. We place our cash and cash equivalents and execute derivatives with high quality financial institutions. Generally, we do not require collateral or other security to support customer receivables.

Derivative Financial Instruments – We periodically use derivative instruments to manage exposure to foreign currency, commodity prices, and interest rate risks. We do not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The derivative instruments used by us include interest rate, foreign exchange, and commodity price instruments. All derivative instruments are recognized on the consolidated balance sheet at their estimated fair value. As of December 31, 2014 and 2013, there were no derivatives outstanding.

Foreign Exchange Instruments – At December 31, 2014, the notional amount of open foreign exchange forward contracts was $7.0 million. There were no open foreign exchange forward contracts as of December 31, 2013.

Earnings Per Share – Earnings per share are calculated as net income (loss) divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus common stock equivalents outstanding during the year. Employee stock options outstanding to acquire 144,095 and 165,197 shares in 2014 and 2013 respectively, were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share because the effect would be anti-dilutive.

 
 
Years Ended December 31,
 
(In thousands except per share data)
 
2014
  
2013
  
2012
 
 
 
  
  
 
Numerator:
 
  
  
 
Net loss from continuing operations
 
$
(2,054
)
 
$
(26,335
)
 
$
(173,375
)
Net loss from discontinued  operations
  
(253
)
  
(11,978
)
  
(4,632
)
Net loss
 
$
(2,307
)
 
$
(38,313
)
 
$
(178,007
)
Denominator:
            
Weighted average shares outstanding – Basic
  
47,708
   
47,548
   
47,378
 
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted
  
47,708
   
47,548
   
47,378
 
 
            
Basic loss per common share:
            
From continuing operations
 
$
(0.04
)
 
$
(0.56
)
 
$
(3.66
)
From discontinued operations
  
(0.01
)
  
(0.25
)
  
(0.10
)
Basic loss per common share
 
$
(0.05
)
 
$
(0.81
)
 
$
(3.76
)
 
            
Diluted loss per common share
            
From continuing operations
 
$
(0.04
)
 
$
(0.56
)
 
$
(3.66
)
From discontinued operations
  
(0.01
)
  
(0.25
)
  
(0.10
)
Diluted loss per common share
 
$
(0.05
)
 
$
(0.81
)
 
$
(3.76
)

Stock Based Compensation – As described in Note 10, we maintain stock-based compensation plans which allow for the issuance of incentive stock options, or ISOs, as defined in section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), non-statutory stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), deferred stock, dividend equivalent rights, performance awards and stock payments (referred to collectively as Awards), to officers, our key employees, and to members of the Board of Directors. We recognize compensation expense under the modified prospective method as a component of operating expenses.

On November 9, 2011, our Board of Directors adopted a Rights Agreement pursuant to which one purchase right was distributed as a dividend on each share of our common stock held of record as of the close of business on November 23, 2011. On November 7, 2012, our Board of Directors adopted an Amended and Restated Rights Agreement (the "Amended and Restated Rights

Agreement"), which modified the Original Rights Agreement by extending the term of the Original Rights Agreement to November 9, 2015, subject to stockholder approval at our 2013 annual meeting of stockholders, and making certain other adjustments.  On December 19, 2012, our Board of Directors amended the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement by shortening the term to April 30, 2014, subject to stockholder approval at our 2013 Annual Meeting of stockholders.  Our stockholders ratified the Amended and Restated Rights Agreement at our 2013 Annual Meeting.  Pursuant to its terms, the Rights plan terminated on April 30, 2014, without the rights becoming exercisable.

New Accounting Pronouncements

On May 28, 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2014-09, Revenue From Contracts With Customers.  The amendments in this update create Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and supersede the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605. The objective of the amendment is to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard for U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS"). The amendment is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods therein. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect, if any, on its financial statements.

On June 19, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-12, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Accounting for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide that a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period.  This Update is intended to resolve the diverse accounting treatment of those awards in practice. The amendment is effective for annual and interim periods within those annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect, if any, on its financial statements.

On August 27, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements-Going Concern. The amendments in this Update provide guidance in U.S. GAAP about management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. In doing so, the amendments should reduce diversity in the timing and content of footnote disclosures. The amendments in this Update are effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The Company is evaluating the effect, if any, on its financial statements.

Recent Accounting Adoptions

In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-04, Obligations Resulting from Joint and Several Liability Arrangements for Which the Total Amount of the Obligation is Fixed at the Reporting Date.  The objective of the amendments in this update is to provide guidance for the recognition, measurement, and disclosure of obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation within the scope of this guidance is fixed at the reporting date, except for those obligations addressed within existing guidance in U.S. GAAP.  The amendment requires an entity to measure obligations resulting from joint and several liability arrangements for which the total amount of the obligation within the scope of this guidance is fixed at the reporting date as the sum of the amount the reporting entity agreed to pay on the basis of its arrangement among its co-obligors and an additional amount the reporting entity expects to pay on behalf of its co-obligors.  The entity is required to disclose the nature and amount of the obligation as well as other information about those obligations.  The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2014.  This adoption did not have an effect on our financial statements.

On July 18, 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit when a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists.  Topic 740 does not include explicit guidance on the financial statement presentation of an unrecognized tax benefit when a net operating loss carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward exists.  The objective of the amendments in this update is to eliminate that diversity in practice.  The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2014.  This adoption did not have an effect on our financial statements.