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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Notes to Financial Statements  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

(2)(a) Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.

 

(2)(b) Accounts Receivable

 

The Company reports its accounts receivable at the invoiced amount less an allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company’s management provides appropriate provisions for uncollectible accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk and activity of specific customers, historical trends, economic conditions and other information. Adjustments to the allowance are charged to operations in the period in which information becomes available that may affect the allowance.   The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts of $10,000 as of December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021.

 

(2)(b)(1) Accounts Receivable-Other

 

In 2022 the Company filed for the Employee Retention Tax Credit (ERTC) in the amount of $641,086.  This credit was still due from the IRS on 12/31/2022 and is showing as an Other Receivable. 


 

 

(2)(c) Inventories

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, as determined under the first-in, first-out method (FIFO), or net realizable value. A reserve for obsolete inventories is based on factors regarding the sales and usage of such inventories, including inventories manufactured for specific customers. The Company’s general obsolescence policy is to reserve against obsolete inventory when there has been no activity on a particular part for a twelve month period and there are no expected customer orders.

 

(2)(d) Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of equipment is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life, generally five years for production equipment and three to five years for furniture and office equipment. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term or their useful life. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Upon retirement or sale, the cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from their respective accounts. Any gains or losses on the disposition of property and equipment are included in the results of operations in the period in which they occur.

 

(2)(e) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever circumstances and situations change such that there is an indication that the carrying amounts may not be recovered. Recoverability is assessed based on estimated undiscounted future cash flows. As of December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021, the Company believes that there has been no impairment of its long-lived assets.

 

(2)(f) Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue is recognized in accordance with the five-step method under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”

 

Identifying the Contract with the Customer

The Company identifies contracts with customers as agreements that create enforceable rights and obligations.  In the case of a few large customers the Company has executed long-term Master Sales Agreements (“MSA”).  These are umbrella agreements which typically define the terms and conditions under which a customer can order goods from CPS.  These in themselves do not constitute a contract as no products are committed to be transferred and the customer has no obligation to make payments. In the case of SBIRs an enforceable contract is signed by both the customer and CPS.

 

The Company contract is only enforceable once both parties have approved it and is usually in the form of a written purchase order from a customer combined with acknowledgement from the Company.

 

In cases without an MSA, the customer submits a blueprint for a product, the Company provides a quote and the customer responds with a purchase order.   In these cases the Company’s acceptance of the purchase order constitutes an enforceable contract.

 

Identifying the Performance Obligations in the Contract

For each contract, the Company considers the promise to transfer products, each of which are distinct, to be the identified performance obligations. For SBIRs the Company is obligated to provide certain services over the life of the agreement and the customer is obligated to pay for those services monthly, as they are performed.

 

Shipping and handling activities for which the Company is responsible are not a separate promised service but instead are activities to fulfill the entity’s promise to transfer goods. Shipping and handling fees will be recognized at the same time as the related performance obligations are satisfied.

 

The Company provides an assurance-type warranty.  This guarantees that the product functions as promised and meets specifications.  Under its terms and conditions the Company offers a 30 day warranty and replaces defective or non-conforming products.  The expense of replacement is recorded at the time the Company agrees to replace a defective or non-conforming product.  This assurance type warranty is not considered to be a distinct performance obligation.

 

Determining the Transaction Price

The Company determines the transaction price as the amount of consideration specified in the contract that it expects to receive in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to the customer. Amounts collected from customers for sales value added and other taxes are excluded from the transaction prices. Product sales are recorded net of trade discounts and sales returns.

 

If a contract includes a variable amount, such as a rebate, then the Company estimates the transaction price using either the expected value or the most likely amount of consideration to be received, depending upon the specific facts and circumstances. The Company includes estimated variable consideration in the transaction price only to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of revenue will not occur when the uncertainty is resolved. The Company updates its estimate of variable consideration at the end of each reporting period to reflect changes in facts and circumstances. As of December 31, 2022 there are no contracts with variable consideration.

 

When credit is granted to customers, payment is typically due 30 to 90 days from billing and accordingly our contracts with customers do not include a significant financing component.

 

Allocating the Transaction Price to the Performance Obligations

In virtually all cases the transaction price is tied to a specific product or service in the contract obviating the need for any allocation.

 

Recognizing Revenue When (or as) the Performance Obligations are Satisfied

The Company recognizes revenue at the point in time when it transfers control of the promised goods or services to the customer, which typically occurs once the product has shipped or has been delivered to the customer or the service has been performed. Occasionally, for the purpose of ensuring a steady flow of product, the Company ships products on consignment. In these instances, delivery is deemed to have occurred when the customer pulls inventory out of the warehouse for use in their production, or upon a specified period of time as agreed upon by both parties.  As of December 31, 2022 there are no products on consignment.

 

The Company generally expenses sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. The costs are recorded within, selling, general and administrative expenses.

 

The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less

 

(2)(g) Income Taxes

 

The Company uses the liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in affect when the differences reverse. A valuation allowance is established to reduce net deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

 

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2022 and December 25, 2021, the Company has no accruals for interest or penalties related to income tax matters. The Company does not have any uncertain tax positions at December 31, 2022 or December 25, 2021 which required accrual or disclosure.

 

(2)(h) Net Income Per Common Share

 

Basic net income per common share is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per common share is calculated by dividing net income by the sum of the weighted average number of common shares plus additional common shares that would have been outstanding if potential dilutive common shares had been issued for granted stock option and stock purchase rights. Common stock equivalents are excluded from the diluted calculations when a net loss is incurred as they would be anti-dilutive.

 

(2)(i) Reclassification

 

Certain amounts in prior year’s financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

 

(2)(j) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In the normal course of business, management evaluates all the new accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial Accounting Standard Board (“FASB”). Based upon this review, management does not expect any of the recently issued accounting pronouncements, which have not already been adopted, to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

 

(2)(k) Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the amounts of revenues and expenses recorded during the reporting period. Such estimates are adjusted by management periodically as a result of existing or anticipated economic changes which effect, or may effect, the Company’s financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

(2)(l) Fiscal Year-End

 

The Company’s fiscal year end is the last Saturday in December which could result in a 52 or 53 week year. Fiscal year 2022 consisted of 53 weeks and 2021 consisted of 52 weeks.

 

(2)(m) Share-Based Payments

 

The Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value of the award. That cost is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). The Company provides an estimate of forfeitures at initial grant date, and this estimated forfeiture rate is adjusted periodically based on actual forfeiture experience. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options granted.

 

(2)(n) Segment Reporting

 

The Company views its operations and manages its business as one segment. The Company produces and sells advanced material solutions, primarily metal matrix composites, to assemblers of high density electronics and other specialty components and subassemblies. The Company also assembles housings and packages for hybrid circuits, selling to the same customers mentioned above. These customers represent a single market or segment with similar stringent and well-defined requirements. The Company’s customers, in turn, sell the components and subassemblies which incorporate the products into many different end markets, however, these end markets are two to three levels removed from the Company. The Company also sells armor strike faces to armor manufacturers, using the same manufacturing process used in its other product solutions. The Company makes operating decisions and assesses financial performance only for the Company as a whole and does not make operating decisions or assess financial performance by the end markets which ultimately use the products.