Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Note 9: Income Taxes

The Company’s income taxes and the related effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
In millions	2023			2022
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	$	(83	)	$	(73	)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	-		$	-
Effective tax rate		0.0	%		0.0	%

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s effective tax rate applied to its loss from continuing operations before income taxes was lower than the U.S. statutory tax rate due to the full valuation allowance on the changes in its net deferred tax asset.

Deferred Tax Asset, Net of Valuation Allowance

The Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to permit use of its existing deferred tax assets. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the Company having a three-year cumulative loss. Such objective evidence limits the ability to consider other subjective evidence, such as the Company’s projections of pre-tax income. On the basis of this evaluation, the Company has recorded a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax asset of $1.2 billion as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company will continue to analyze the valuation allowance on a quarterly basis.

Net operating losses (“NOLs”) of property and casualty insurance companies are permitted to be carried back two years and carried forward 20 years. NOLs of property and casualty insurance companies are not subject to the 80 percent taxable income limitation and indefinite lived carryforward period required by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act applicable to general corporate NOLs.

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

The Company’s policy is to record and disclose any change in unrecognized tax benefit (“UTB”) and related interest and/or penalties to income tax in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company includes interest as a component of income tax expense. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no UTB.

Federal income tax returns through 2011 have been examined or surveyed. As of March 31, 2023, the Company’s NOL is approximately $3.9 billion. NOLs generated prior to tax reform and property and casualty NOLs generated after tax reform will expire between tax years 2026 through 2043. As of March 31, 2023, the Company has a foreign tax credit carryforward of $57 million, which will expire between tax years 2023 through 2033.

Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code

Included in the Company’s Amended By-Laws are restrictions on certain acquisitions of Company stock that otherwise may have increased the likelihood of an ownership change within the meaning of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. With certain exceptions, the By-Laws generally prohibit a person from becoming a “Section 382 five-percent shareholder” by acquiring, directly or by attribution, 5% or more of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock.

Inflation Reduction Act

On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) was signed into law and includes several tax changes, notably a new 15% minimum tax on the book income of large corporations and a 1% excise tax on most stock buybacks. The IRA will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial results.